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Papers"],"ead_ssi":"b7ddc964c6f13a7e308f2280","unitdate_ssm":["1959-1997","1990-1994"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1990-1994"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1959-1997"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 2004-001","/repositories/10/resources/728"],"text":["MSS 2004-001","/repositories/10/resources/728","Haynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers, 1959-1997, bulk 1990-1994","Discrimination in employment--United States--Case studies","Discrimination in restaurants--United States--Case studies","Race discrimination--United States","Shoney's Inc.--Personnel management","Interviews.","African Americans--Employment","Clippings (Books, newspapers, etc.)","Correspondence","Legal documents.","Notebooks.","Reports","Sound recordings.","Videocassettes.","This collection is open to all researchers. However, since many records contain personal information, such as Social Security numbers, researchers are requested to contact the Special Collections Department in advance of their visit so that staff may review these materials. The Applicant Claim Forms and Notice of Approval of Current or Former Employee Claims Series, because of the confidential nature of these materials, are closed until 2063. Users may access this collection at the Claude Pepper Library. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.","On April 4, 1989, Tallahassee (FL) attorney Tommy Warren and nine named plaintiffs, all former Shoneys and Captain Ds employees or job applicants, served Shoneys CEO, Ray Danner, and Shoneys, Inc. with a class-action suit alleging racial discrimination. The plaintiffs, represented by Warren and his co-counsel, civil rights attorney Barry Goldstein, sought more than half a billion dollars in back pay and punitive damages, in addition to a court-ordered affirmative action plan, to counteract claims of years of racially discriminatory company policy. Witnesses, such as Josephine Haynes, included tens of thousands of workers, former workers, and frustrated job applicants, who said they lost jobs, were denied jobs, or were not given opportunities at Shoneys for even the lowest-paying jobs because they were African-Americans. Other witnesses included lower level white managers, who testified that they were fired because they wouldnt follow company orders to reduce the number of African-Americans. Many said they were instructed to carry out a corporate strategy that was directed by the Companys founder and CEO, Ray Danner, not found in any Shoneys procedure manuals. During the course of the litigation, which lasted from 1989-1993, many allegations were made under oath, and entered into the court record that race discrimination at Shoneys was standard operating procedure and had existed during the entire time Ray Danner ran the company. Danner continually denied these allegations throughout the case.\nBy the time the case concluded in 1993, the total cost of the Shoneys settlement was $132.5 million, which was the plaintiffs final compromise figure and the largest ever in a racial discrimination case. In addition, Ray Danner personally contributed approximately $65 million to the settlement. This payment by an individual defendant was unprecedented in U.S. race discrimination cases. According to Steve Watkins The Black O, a book that documents the entire case, 28, 994 claims were submitted in the settlement. At Warren and Goldsteins insistence, that number was expanded beyond the scope of the class of discriminated individuals to include all of Shoneys divisions, except for the franchise stores, for the period from 1985 through November 3, 1992. Based on a complex formula approved by Judge Roger Vinson to determine the validity of those claims and the amount due each legitimate claimant, 20,909 people ultimately received money from the $105 million settlement pool. The plaintiffs attorneys spent nearly $2 million to notify these claimants about the settlement, an effort that the judge said was unmatched by any he had ever seen in a class-action case. Approximately $5 million from the settlement pool was designated for a special class of claimants, those who had been witnesses and named plaintiffs in the case. $10 million was earmarked for African-American former job applicants, and the bulk of the settlement, $90 million, went to incumbent African-American employees. Money left over when the settlement was completed, and after Shoneys final payment in 1998, was divided among five organizations: the United Negro College Fund, the Southern Poverty Law Center, the Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, the Washington Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, and Inroads, a group that works to increase management opportunities for minorities.\nIn the aftermath of the case, Shoneys complied with the affirmative action plan and significantly increased its hiring of restaurant managers, dining room supervisors, and servers of color. In 1995, the company brought in a new management team which greatly improved its position financially, and in hiring, promotion, and business opportunities for minoritized communities.\nNote written by","Partially funded by a National Publications and Records Commission grant, the collection was processed by Chad Underwood from March 2005 to October 2006.","The Haynes v. 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Among the materials included are all court pleadings and filings in the case, affidavits and declarations, challenges, consent decrees, correspondence, depositions, discovery documents, expert witness files, interrogatories, investigative files, newspaper and magazine articles, notebooks, orders, policies, press releases, questionnaires, reports, research materials, right-to-sue requests, settlement documents, shopper reports, surveys, visitation reports, and the deposition transcripts of over 150 witnesses, who document the history of the alleged discrimination of Shoneys, Inc and Ray Danner.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","Claude Pepper Library.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Thomas A. Warren Law Offices (Tallahassee, Fla.)","Danner, Raymond L.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 2004-001","/repositories/10/resources/728"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1959-1997, bulk 1990-1994"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Haynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers, 1959-1997, bulk 1990-1994"],"collection_title_tesim":["Haynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers, 1959-1997, bulk 1990-1994"],"collection_ssim":["Haynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers, 1959-1997, bulk 1990-1994"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Thomas A. 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Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was given by Thomas Warren, attorney, in 2003."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Discrimination in employment--United States--Case studies","Discrimination in restaurants--United States--Case studies","Race discrimination--United States","Shoney's Inc.--Personnel management","Interviews.","African Americans--Employment","Clippings (Books, newspapers, etc.)","Correspondence","Legal documents.","Notebooks.","Reports","Sound recordings.","Videocassettes."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Discrimination in employment--United States--Case studies","Discrimination in restaurants--United States--Case studies","Race discrimination--United States","Shoney's Inc.--Personnel management","Interviews.","African Americans--Employment","Clippings (Books, newspapers, etc.)","Correspondence","Legal documents.","Notebooks.","Reports","Sound recordings.","Videocassettes."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1,040 boxes","415.60 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1,040 boxes","415.60 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Clippings (Books, newspapers, etc.)","Correspondence","Legal documents.","Notebooks.","Reports","Sound recordings.","Videocassettes."],"date_range_isim":[1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers. However, since many records contain personal information, such as Social Security numbers, researchers are requested to contact the Special Collections Department in advance of their visit so that staff may review these materials. The Applicant Claim Forms and Notice of Approval of Current or Former Employee Claims Series, because of the confidential nature of these materials, are closed until 2063. Users may access this collection at the Claude Pepper Library. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers. However, since many records contain personal information, such as Social Security numbers, researchers are requested to contact the Special Collections Department in advance of their visit so that staff may review these materials. The Applicant Claim Forms and Notice of Approval of Current or Former Employee Claims Series, because of the confidential nature of these materials, are closed until 2063. Users may access this collection at the Claude Pepper Library. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOn April 4, 1989, Tallahassee (FL) attorney Tommy Warren and nine named plaintiffs, all former Shoneys and Captain Ds employees or job applicants, served Shoneys CEO, Ray Danner, and Shoneys, Inc. with a class-action suit alleging racial discrimination. The plaintiffs, represented by Warren and his co-counsel, civil rights attorney Barry Goldstein, sought more than half a billion dollars in back pay and punitive damages, in addition to a court-ordered affirmative action plan, to counteract claims of years of racially discriminatory company policy. Witnesses, such as Josephine Haynes, included tens of thousands of workers, former workers, and frustrated job applicants, who said they lost jobs, were denied jobs, or were not given opportunities at Shoneys for even the lowest-paying jobs because they were African-Americans. Other witnesses included lower level white managers, who testified that they were fired because they wouldnt follow company orders to reduce the number of African-Americans. Many said they were instructed to carry out a corporate strategy that was directed by the Companys founder and CEO, Ray Danner, not found in any Shoneys procedure manuals. During the course of the litigation, which lasted from 1989-1993, many allegations were made under oath, and entered into the court record that race discrimination at Shoneys was standard operating procedure and had existed during the entire time Ray Danner ran the company. Danner continually denied these allegations throughout the case.\nBy the time the case concluded in 1993, the total cost of the Shoneys settlement was $132.5 million, which was the plaintiffs final compromise figure and the largest ever in a racial discrimination case. In addition, Ray Danner personally contributed approximately $65 million to the settlement. This payment by an individual defendant was unprecedented in U.S. race discrimination cases. According to Steve Watkins The Black O, a book that documents the entire case, 28, 994 claims were submitted in the settlement. At Warren and Goldsteins insistence, that number was expanded beyond the scope of the class of discriminated individuals to include all of Shoneys divisions, except for the franchise stores, for the period from 1985 through November 3, 1992. Based on a complex formula approved by Judge Roger Vinson to determine the validity of those claims and the amount due each legitimate claimant, 20,909 people ultimately received money from the $105 million settlement pool. The plaintiffs attorneys spent nearly $2 million to notify these claimants about the settlement, an effort that the judge said was unmatched by any he had ever seen in a class-action case. Approximately $5 million from the settlement pool was designated for a special class of claimants, those who had been witnesses and named plaintiffs in the case. $10 million was earmarked for African-American former job applicants, and the bulk of the settlement, $90 million, went to incumbent African-American employees. Money left over when the settlement was completed, and after Shoneys final payment in 1998, was divided among five organizations: the United Negro College Fund, the Southern Poverty Law Center, the Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, the Washington Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, and Inroads, a group that works to increase management opportunities for minorities.\nIn the aftermath of the case, Shoneys complied with the affirmative action plan and significantly increased its hiring of restaurant managers, dining room supervisors, and servers of color. In 1995, the company brought in a new management team which greatly improved its position financially, and in hiring, promotion, and business opportunities for minoritized communities.\nNote written by\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["On April 4, 1989, Tallahassee (FL) attorney Tommy Warren and nine named plaintiffs, all former Shoneys and Captain Ds employees or job applicants, served Shoneys CEO, Ray Danner, and Shoneys, Inc. with a class-action suit alleging racial discrimination. The plaintiffs, represented by Warren and his co-counsel, civil rights attorney Barry Goldstein, sought more than half a billion dollars in back pay and punitive damages, in addition to a court-ordered affirmative action plan, to counteract claims of years of racially discriminatory company policy. Witnesses, such as Josephine Haynes, included tens of thousands of workers, former workers, and frustrated job applicants, who said they lost jobs, were denied jobs, or were not given opportunities at Shoneys for even the lowest-paying jobs because they were African-Americans. Other witnesses included lower level white managers, who testified that they were fired because they wouldnt follow company orders to reduce the number of African-Americans. Many said they were instructed to carry out a corporate strategy that was directed by the Companys founder and CEO, Ray Danner, not found in any Shoneys procedure manuals. During the course of the litigation, which lasted from 1989-1993, many allegations were made under oath, and entered into the court record that race discrimination at Shoneys was standard operating procedure and had existed during the entire time Ray Danner ran the company. Danner continually denied these allegations throughout the case.\nBy the time the case concluded in 1993, the total cost of the Shoneys settlement was $132.5 million, which was the plaintiffs final compromise figure and the largest ever in a racial discrimination case. In addition, Ray Danner personally contributed approximately $65 million to the settlement. This payment by an individual defendant was unprecedented in U.S. race discrimination cases. According to Steve Watkins The Black O, a book that documents the entire case, 28, 994 claims were submitted in the settlement. At Warren and Goldsteins insistence, that number was expanded beyond the scope of the class of discriminated individuals to include all of Shoneys divisions, except for the franchise stores, for the period from 1985 through November 3, 1992. Based on a complex formula approved by Judge Roger Vinson to determine the validity of those claims and the amount due each legitimate claimant, 20,909 people ultimately received money from the $105 million settlement pool. The plaintiffs attorneys spent nearly $2 million to notify these claimants about the settlement, an effort that the judge said was unmatched by any he had ever seen in a class-action case. Approximately $5 million from the settlement pool was designated for a special class of claimants, those who had been witnesses and named plaintiffs in the case. $10 million was earmarked for African-American former job applicants, and the bulk of the settlement, $90 million, went to incumbent African-American employees. Money left over when the settlement was completed, and after Shoneys final payment in 1998, was divided among five organizations: the United Negro College Fund, the Southern Poverty Law Center, the Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, the Washington Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, and Inroads, a group that works to increase management opportunities for minorities.\nIn the aftermath of the case, Shoneys complied with the affirmative action plan and significantly increased its hiring of restaurant managers, dining room supervisors, and servers of color. In 1995, the company brought in a new management team which greatly improved its position financially, and in hiring, promotion, and business opportunities for minoritized communities.\nNote written by"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHaynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-2004-001\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Haynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-2004-001"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePartially funded by a National Publications and Records Commission grant, the collection was processed by Chad Underwood from March 2005 to October 2006.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Partially funded by a National Publications and Records Commission grant, the collection was processed by Chad Underwood from March 2005 to October 2006."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Haynes v. Shoneys Papers documents the largest racial discrimination class-action suit against a private employer in the history of civil rights law. The collection has significant historical and research value for American legal history and civil rights scholars. Some topics include the admissibility of prior discrimination as evidence, adverse witnesses, affirmative action, allegations of recent discrimination, class certification, defendants contacts with plaintiffs' witnesses and clients, deceased claimants notes, destruction of evidence, jury selection, Raymond Danner's claim to fight race discrimination, and the Southern Christian Leadership Conferences covenant with Shoneys, in which the corporation promised that it would do business with minority-owned firms and target management jobs and franchise ownership opportunities for African-Americans. Among the materials included are all court pleadings and filings in the case, affidavits and declarations, challenges, consent decrees, correspondence, depositions, discovery documents, expert witness files, interrogatories, investigative files, newspaper and magazine articles, notebooks, orders, policies, press releases, questionnaires, reports, research materials, right-to-sue requests, settlement documents, shopper reports, surveys, visitation reports, and the deposition transcripts of over 150 witnesses, who document the history of the alleged discrimination of Shoneys, Inc and Ray Danner.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Haynes v. Shoneys Papers documents the largest racial discrimination class-action suit against a private employer in the history of civil rights law. The collection has significant historical and research value for American legal history and civil rights scholars. Some topics include the admissibility of prior discrimination as evidence, adverse witnesses, affirmative action, allegations of recent discrimination, class certification, defendants contacts with plaintiffs' witnesses and clients, deceased claimants notes, destruction of evidence, jury selection, Raymond Danner's claim to fight race discrimination, and the Southern Christian Leadership Conferences covenant with Shoneys, in which the corporation promised that it would do business with minority-owned firms and target management jobs and franchise ownership opportunities for African-Americans. Among the materials included are all court pleadings and filings in the case, affidavits and declarations, challenges, consent decrees, correspondence, depositions, discovery documents, expert witness files, interrogatories, investigative files, newspaper and magazine articles, notebooks, orders, policies, press releases, questionnaires, reports, research materials, right-to-sue requests, settlement documents, shopper reports, surveys, visitation reports, and the deposition transcripts of over 150 witnesses, who document the history of the alleged discrimination of Shoneys, Inc and Ray Danner."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. 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Certain materials may have restrictions due to fragility or privacy.","Materials are arranged chronologically and by subject, with folders/items grouped for library history, professional activities, college administration, staff and faculty records, personal memorabilia, and retirement materials.","Grady Wynne Drake was appointed as the first librarian at the Junior College of Broward County in 1960. Beginning with a collection of approximately 1,500 books and serving roughly 400 students, Drake oversaw the development of the college library \"from the ground up\". Over nearly 30 years, he led its rapid expansion in resources, facilities, and services, guiding the library through the college's transformation into Broward College. Drake's influence on policies, staff training, community engagement, and academic support shaped the reputation and continuing growth of Broward College's library services. He remained active in professional and civic organizations until his retirement in 1989, and continued to be recognized well past his official tenure for his vision, service, and dedication to faculty, staff, and students.","The icon for the Broward College Digital Archives Scrapbook Collection depicts Grady Drake (1922-2019), the first director of Libraries at Broward College from the college's founding in 1960 to his retirement in 1989. The Scrapbook Collection is dedicated to his memory and for his many contributions to the students and faculty of Broward College.\nScrapbook Collection\nhttps://broward.digital.flvc.org/islandora/search/?type=edismax\u0026collection=broward%3Ascrapbcol","The First Librarian at Junior College of Broward County (JCBC) https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/sunsentinel/name/grady-drake-obituary?id=9393780","This collection documents Grady Drake's professional and personal legacy at Broward College. It includes founding correspondence, contracts, awards, photographs, administrative records, annual reports, evaluations, community event memorabilia, retirement keepsakes, and personal notes exchanged with the first college president and other key figures. The files cover library development, faculty leadership, professional contributions, interaction with civic organizations, and Drake's ongoing relationships with colleagues from 1960 through his passing in 2019.","Responsibility for securing copyright permission rests with the researcher. Reproduction is subject to material condition and institutional policy.","Broward College Archives and Special Collections ","Drake, Grady","English"],"unitid_tesim":["RG 843","/repositories/2/resources/18"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1960–2019 (bulk 1960–1989)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Grady Drake: The First Librarian at Junior College of Broward County (JCBC), 1960–2019 (bulk 1960–1989)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Grady Drake: The First Librarian at Junior College of Broward County (JCBC), 1960–2019 (bulk 1960–1989)"],"collection_ssim":["Grady Drake: The First Librarian at Junior College of Broward County (JCBC), 1960–2019 (bulk 1960–1989)"],"repository_ssm":["Broward College Archives and Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["Broward College Archives and Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Drake, Grady"],"creator_ssim":["Drake, Grady"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Drake, Grady"],"creators_ssim":["Drake, Grady"],"access_terms_ssm":["Responsibility for securing copyright permission rests with the researcher. Reproduction is subject to material condition and institutional policy."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Drake, Grady","Junior College of Broward County (now Broward College)","Academic library directors--Florida--Biography","Academic Libraries--Administration--Florida","Broward College -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Drake, Grady","Junior College of Broward County (now Broward College)","Academic library directors--Florida--Biography","Academic Libraries--Administration--Florida","Broward College -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Linear Feet 1 box: 42 items: correspondence, reports, certificates, photographs, memorabilia"],"extent_tesim":["1 Linear Feet 1 box: 42 items: correspondence, reports, certificates, photographs, memorabilia"],"date_range_isim":[1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen for research. Certain materials may have restrictions due to fragility or privacy.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open for research. Certain materials may have restrictions due to fragility or privacy."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials are arranged chronologically and by subject, with folders/items grouped for library history, professional activities, college administration, staff and faculty records, personal memorabilia, and retirement materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Materials are arranged chronologically and by subject, with folders/items grouped for library history, professional activities, college administration, staff and faculty records, personal memorabilia, and retirement materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGrady Wynne Drake was appointed as the first librarian at the Junior College of Broward County in 1960. Beginning with a collection of approximately 1,500 books and serving roughly 400 students, Drake oversaw the development of the college library \"from the ground up\". Over nearly 30 years, he led its rapid expansion in resources, facilities, and services, guiding the library through the college's transformation into Broward College. Drake's influence on policies, staff training, community engagement, and academic support shaped the reputation and continuing growth of Broward College's library services. He remained active in professional and civic organizations until his retirement in 1989, and continued to be recognized well past his official tenure for his vision, service, and dedication to faculty, staff, and students.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Grady Wynne Drake was appointed as the first librarian at the Junior College of Broward County in 1960. 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The Scrapbook Collection is dedicated to his memory and for his many contributions to the students and faculty of Broward College.\nScrapbook Collection\nhttps://broward.digital.flvc.org/islandora/search/?type=edismax\u0026amp;collection=broward%3Ascrapbcol\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe First Librarian at Junior College of Broward County (JCBC) https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/sunsentinel/name/grady-drake-obituary?id=9393780\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["The icon for the Broward College Digital Archives Scrapbook Collection depicts Grady Drake (1922-2019), the first director of Libraries at Broward College from the college's founding in 1960 to his retirement in 1989. The Scrapbook Collection is dedicated to his memory and for his many contributions to the students and faculty of Broward College.\nScrapbook Collection\nhttps://broward.digital.flvc.org/islandora/search/?type=edismax\u0026collection=broward%3Ascrapbcol","The First Librarian at Junior College of Broward County (JCBC) https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/sunsentinel/name/grady-drake-obituary?id=9393780"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecord Group 843, Grady Drake: The First Librarian at Broward County Junior College, Broward College Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Record Group 843, Grady Drake: The First Librarian at Broward County Junior College, Broward College Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents Grady Drake's professional and personal legacy at Broward College. It includes founding correspondence, contracts, awards, photographs, administrative records, annual reports, evaluations, community event memorabilia, retirement keepsakes, and personal notes exchanged with the first college president and other key figures. The files cover library development, faculty leadership, professional contributions, interaction with civic organizations, and Drake's ongoing relationships with colleagues from 1960 through his passing in 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents Grady Drake's professional and personal legacy at Broward College. It includes founding correspondence, contracts, awards, photographs, administrative records, annual reports, evaluations, community event memorabilia, retirement keepsakes, and personal notes exchanged with the first college president and other key figures. The files cover library development, faculty leadership, professional contributions, interaction with civic organizations, and Drake's ongoing relationships with colleagues from 1960 through his passing in 2019."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResponsibility for securing copyright permission rests with the researcher. Reproduction is subject to material condition and institutional policy.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Responsibility for securing copyright permission rests with the researcher. 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Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment.","Photocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement.","When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder.","Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections."],"containers_ssim":["box 27","folder 24"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of correspondence from various credit card companies in response to \"Subpoena for Documents;\" includes handwritten note by Mike Squires regarding his thoughts about trial attorney\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Photocopies of correspondence from various credit card companies in response to \"Subpoena for Documents;\" includes handwritten note by Mike Squires regarding his thoughts about trial attorney"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#0/components#23","_nest_parent_":"0f3ff22ed6c6664bd88a5adc_aspace_131666","_root_":"0f3ff22ed6c6664bd88a5adc","_version_":1870842130979618816,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T03:54:50.079Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"0f3ff22ed6c6664bd88a5adc","title_ssm":["Virginia Snyder Collection"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Snyder Collection"],"ead_ssi":"0f3ff22ed6c6664bd88a5adc","unitdate_ssm":["1890-2011","1970-1990","Date acquired: 07/15/2011"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1970-1990"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1890-2011"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 07/15/2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SPC00024","/repositories/2/resources/40"],"text":["SPC00024","/repositories/2/resources/40","Virginia Snyder Collection, 1890-2011, Date acquired: 07/15/2011, bulk 1970-1990","Collections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment.","Photocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library.","In 2012, Rrick Cullen, Jaclyn Nowack, and Teresa Van Dyke processed this collection.","Born near Winchester, Virginia in 1920, Virginia Artrip Snyder moved to Boca Raton, Florida when she entered the inaugural class at Florida Atlantic University in 1964. She received a degree in government and politics in 1965 and went on to become an investigative reporter for the Ft. Lauderdale News and later the Boca Raton News. During her career in journalism she was accorded seven national, state, and local awards for investigative reporting. Mrs. Snyder gained prominence and credibility following her multi-part series that exposed the inhumane conditions at the South Florida State Mental Hospital. As a community activist, Mrs. Snyder spearheaded the establishment of the South County Neighborhood Center in Boca Raton which, in time, grew into the Florence Fuller Day Care Center and the Mae Volen Senior Center. Subsequent to her career as a reporter, Mrs. Snyder embarked on a new endeavor as private investigator. In 1975 she was named one of fourteen \"Outstanding Women of Florida\" by Governor Ruben Askew and one of \"Florida's Finest\" in 1996 by Governor Lawton Chiles. This collection is a compilation of Mrs. Snyder's work as a poet, news reporter, private investigator, and community activist.","Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement.","When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder.","Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact  Special Collections .","Florida Atlantic University Libraries","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SPC00024","/repositories/2/resources/40"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1890-2011, Date acquired: 07/15/2011, bulk 1970-1990"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virginia Snyder Collection, 1890-2011, Date acquired: 07/15/2011, bulk 1970-1990"],"collection_title_tesim":["Virginia Snyder Collection, 1890-2011, Date acquired: 07/15/2011, bulk 1970-1990"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Snyder Collection, 1890-2011, Date acquired: 07/15/2011, bulk 1970-1990"],"repository_ssm":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"repository_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement.","When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder.","Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact  Special Collections ."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["43.00 Linear Feet","83 boxes other_unmapped"],"extent_tesim":["43.00 Linear Feet","83 boxes other_unmapped"],"date_range_isim":[1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment.","Photocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection Title including series, if any; Box and item number; Special Collections; Florida Atlantic University Libraries, Boca Raton, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Collection Title including series, if any; Box and item number; Special Collections; Florida Atlantic University Libraries, Boca Raton, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 2012, Rrick Cullen, Jaclyn Nowack, and Teresa Van Dyke processed this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In 2012, Rrick Cullen, Jaclyn Nowack, and Teresa Van Dyke processed this collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn near Winchester, Virginia in 1920, Virginia Artrip Snyder moved to Boca Raton, Florida when she entered the inaugural class at Florida Atlantic University in 1964. She received a degree in government and politics in 1965 and went on to become an investigative reporter for the Ft. Lauderdale News and later the Boca Raton News. During her career in journalism she was accorded seven national, state, and local awards for investigative reporting. Mrs. Snyder gained prominence and credibility following her multi-part series that exposed the inhumane conditions at the South Florida State Mental Hospital. As a community activist, Mrs. Snyder spearheaded the establishment of the South County Neighborhood Center in Boca Raton which, in time, grew into the Florence Fuller Day Care Center and the Mae Volen Senior Center. Subsequent to her career as a reporter, Mrs. Snyder embarked on a new endeavor as private investigator. In 1975 she was named one of fourteen \"Outstanding Women of Florida\" by Governor Ruben Askew and one of \"Florida's Finest\" in 1996 by Governor Lawton Chiles. This collection is a compilation of Mrs. Snyder's work as a poet, news reporter, private investigator, and community activist.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Born near Winchester, Virginia in 1920, Virginia Artrip Snyder moved to Boca Raton, Florida when she entered the inaugural class at Florida Atlantic University in 1964. She received a degree in government and politics in 1965 and went on to become an investigative reporter for the Ft. Lauderdale News and later the Boca Raton News. During her career in journalism she was accorded seven national, state, and local awards for investigative reporting. Mrs. Snyder gained prominence and credibility following her multi-part series that exposed the inhumane conditions at the South Florida State Mental Hospital. As a community activist, Mrs. Snyder spearheaded the establishment of the South County Neighborhood Center in Boca Raton which, in time, grew into the Florence Fuller Day Care Center and the Mae Volen Senior Center. Subsequent to her career as a reporter, Mrs. Snyder embarked on a new endeavor as private investigator. In 1975 she was named one of fourteen \"Outstanding Women of Florida\" by Governor Ruben Askew and one of \"Florida's Finest\" in 1996 by Governor Lawton Chiles. This collection is a compilation of Mrs. Snyder's work as a poet, news reporter, private investigator, and community activist."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhen using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShould the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact \u003ca href=\"mailto:lysca@fau.edu\"\u003eSpecial Collections\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement.","When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder.","Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact  Special Collections ."],"names_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"corpname_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2783,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870842130979618816,"_root_":"0f3ff22ed6c6664bd88a5adc","timestamp":"2026-07-16T03:54:50.079Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/0f3ff22ed6c6664bd88a5adc_aspace_131691"}},{"id":"3db8e15ea05a2ee76785c7cb_aspace_90763","type":"Box","attributes":{"title":"Witness Testimonies, 1936-1942","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/3db8e15ea05a2ee76785c7cb_aspace_90763#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_90763","ref_ssm":["aspace_90763","aspace_90763"],"id":"3db8e15ea05a2ee76785c7cb_aspace_90763","title_filing_ssi":"Witness Testimonies","title_ssm":["Witness Testimonies"],"title_tesim":["Witness Testimonies"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1936-1942"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1936-1942"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Witness Testimonies, 1936-1942"],"text":["Witness Testimonies, 1936-1942","José Ramón Avellanal collection, 1869-1927","Estate Papers, 1918-1928","Jack O. Goethe et al. vs. Nestor A. Portocarrero, et al.","18","/repositories/2/archival_objects/30285"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["3db8e15ea05a2ee76785c7cb","3db8e15ea05a2ee76785c7cb_aspace_90727","3db8e15ea05a2ee76785c7cb_aspace_90729"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["José Ramón Avellanal collection, 1869-1927","Estate Papers, 1918-1928","Jack O. Goethe et al. vs. Nestor A. Portocarrero, et al."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["José Ramón Avellanal collection, 1869-1927","Estate Papers, 1918-1928","Jack O. Goethe et al. vs. Nestor A. 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Shortly thereafter, the Avellanals spent a year in Costa Rica, where Avellanal directed his practice against the dreaded yellow fever under government contract. Upon their return to Cuba, the Avellanals found their economic situation deteriorating, and Avellanal sought to practice medicine elsewhere. From his childhood friend, Dr. Ángel Suarez, he learned of the mutual aid societies being mounted in Tampa by struggling cigar workers. These societies offered medical benefits to their members, a promising situation for a young and altruistic physician.","The Avellanals immigrated to Ybor City in 1904 and, within a short time (and some political maneuvering), Dr. Avellanal became the director of the newly-built Centro Español Sanatorium on Bayshore Boulevard. By 1911, Avellanal owned his own medical society and clinic, El Bien Público, which came to employ six physicians and had a membership of over 20,000 at the time of his death in 1927.","Because early Tampa hosted a plethora of economic opportunities for those with little capitol, Avellanal diversified his investments far beyond the field of medicine. Among these were: a cigar factory, Liborio cigar Company, 1916-1919; a loan company, the Public Welfare Company, 1924-1927; a number of drugstores  which later sold his patented medicines, 1911-1927; and of course, being in Florida in the 1920s, numerous real estate investments. In addition to these ventures, from 1916-1921 Avellanal was president of the New York Signal Company in New York City, formed to manufacture and market his turning signal invention for automobiles. Avellanal was also a director of the Latin-American Bank, a co-founder of  La Gaceta  newspaper, and an impresario responsible for bringing many attractions to Ybor City, including the first opera performed in Florida in 1914.","One must surmise that a man of such breadth would spark a gamut of emotions among his constituents. To the Anglo doctors in the Tampa community, Avellanal was regarded acidly as a practitioner of medicine by contract, which they vehemently opposed. To his business associates, he was a shrewd but honest negotiator. To his only son, José Luis, he represented the stilted values of a more rigid century. To the Latin laborer, he loomed as a respected patriarch who, during their impoverishing cigar strikes, responded with charity for all.","After Avellanal's death, a great number of lawsuits ensued on behalf of, and often against, his estate. The collection, including the estate papers, are important for the detailed history they weave of early Ybor City life, especially its medical societies. They are a virtual Who's Who in Tampa, as his business dealings, and later the lawsuits, involved many significant Tampa citizens.","Note written by written by Sergio A. Salazar, 1984; edited by Jean McAllister, 2011","Jose Luis Avellanal Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Prince Alexis N. Gagarin Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","http://digital.lib.usf.edu/?u29.108-g02-ead","The bulk of the collection documents the life and career of Dr. José Ramon Avellanal, a prominent Ybor City physician and founder of El Bien Publico Clinic. Among the papers are biographical materials, correspondence, patents, estate papers, and documents pertaining to Dr. Avellanal's medical practice, drug store businesses, Public Welfare Company, and other ventures.","Alvarez, Gonzalez P.  Yerbas Medicinales: Como Curarse Con Plantas. Descripción De 500 Plantas Recomendadas Para Curar Las Principales Enfermedades . Mexico: El Libro Español, 1951. Print.","Beato, Bartolome.  Elementos De Psicología, Lógica Y Ética: Para Los Alumnos De Segunda Enseñanza . Madrid: E. Cuesta, 1875. Print.","Benot, Eduardo.  Gramática Francesa: Y Método Para Aprenderla . Cádiz: Verdugo, Morillas, 1864. Print.","Casares, y R. A.  Manual De Quimica General: Con Aplicacion Á La Industria Y Con Especialidad Á La Agricultura . Madrid: Pablo Calleja, 1873. Print.","Garmendia, Miguel.  Lecciones Retórica Y Poética Ó De Literatura Preceptiva . Matanzas: Librería y Papelería \"La Propaganda\", 1888. Print.","González, Rucavado C.  El Hijo De Un Gamonal (novela Costarricense) . San José de Costa Rica: Padrón y Pujol, 1901. Print.","Higgins, Edrie.  Echoes of Time: A Novel . s.l: s.n, 1944. Print.","Iraizoz, Antonio.  La Poesia Civil En Cuba . La Habana: talleres graficos \"Cuba intelectual\", 1928. Print.","Lehmann, Bernhard.  Gramática Alemana Al Uso De Los Españoles. 2a. Ed . Francfort del Main: s.n., 1876. Print.","Lehmann, Bernhard.  Clave De La Gramàtica Alemana Y Traducciòn Correcta De Los Ejercicios . Franfort del Mein, 1876. Print.","Vallin, y B. A. F.  Geometría Para Los Niños: Que Concurren Á Las Escuelas De Primera Enseñanza . Madrid: M. Rivadeneyra, 1872. Print.","Vallin, y B. A. F.  Principios Y Ejercicios De Aritmética: Para Uso De Los Alumnos De Primer Año . Madrid: Aguado, 1867. Print.","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Avellanal, José Ramón, 1869-1927","English Spanish; Castilian"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-1984-02","/repositories/2/resources/189"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1869-1927"],"normalized_title_ssm":["José Ramón Avellanal collection, 1869-1927"],"collection_title_tesim":["José Ramón Avellanal collection, 1869-1927"],"collection_ssim":["José Ramón Avellanal collection, 1869-1927"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Ybor City (Tampa, Fla.)","Tampa (Fla.) -- biography","Ybor City (Tampa, Fla.) -- Social life and customs"],"geogname_ssim":["Ybor City (Tampa, Fla.)","Tampa (Fla.) -- biography","Ybor City (Tampa, Fla.) -- Social life and customs"],"creator_ssm":["Avellanal, José Ramón, 1869-1927"],"creator_ssim":["Avellanal, José Ramón, 1869-1927"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Avellanal, José Ramón, 1869-1927"],"creators_ssim":["Avellanal, José Ramón, 1869-1927"],"places_ssim":["Ybor City (Tampa, Fla.)","Tampa (Fla.) -- biography","Ybor City (Tampa, Fla.) -- Social life and customs"],"access_terms_ssm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donation"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Medical care -- Florida -- Tampa","Fraternal organizations"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Medical care -- Florida -- Tampa","Fraternal organizations"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.76 Linear Feet","21 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["8.76 Linear Feet","21 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is arranged within series by subject and type of material.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["Collection is arranged within series by subject and type of material."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn in Spain in 1869, Dr. Jos\u0026#xE9; Ramon Avellanal was educated in Cuba, where his affluent family owned the San Pablo estate, a vast sugar cane farm that was parcelled and leased to sharecroppers in Matanzas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1901, Avellanal married Concepci\u0026#xF3;n Jim\u0026#xE9;nez y Dominguez, merging with one of Havana's elite families. Shortly thereafter, the Avellanals spent a year in Costa Rica, where Avellanal directed his practice against the dreaded yellow fever under government contract. Upon their return to Cuba, the Avellanals found their economic situation deteriorating, and Avellanal sought to practice medicine elsewhere. From his childhood friend, Dr. \u0026#xC1;ngel Suarez, he learned of the mutual aid societies being mounted in Tampa by struggling cigar workers. These societies offered medical benefits to their members, a promising situation for a young and altruistic physician.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Avellanals immigrated to Ybor City in 1904 and, within a short time (and some political maneuvering), Dr. Avellanal became the director of the newly-built Centro Espa\u0026#xF1;ol Sanatorium on Bayshore Boulevard. 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The collection, including the estate papers, are important for the detailed history they weave of early Ybor City life, especially its medical societies. They are a virtual Who's Who in Tampa, as his business dealings, and later the lawsuits, involved many significant Tampa citizens.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by written by Sergio A. Salazar, 1984; edited by Jean McAllister, 2011\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born in Spain in 1869, Dr. José Ramon Avellanal was educated in Cuba, where his affluent family owned the San Pablo estate, a vast sugar cane farm that was parcelled and leased to sharecroppers in Matanzas.","In 1901, Avellanal married Concepción Jiménez y Dominguez, merging with one of Havana's elite families. Shortly thereafter, the Avellanals spent a year in Costa Rica, where Avellanal directed his practice against the dreaded yellow fever under government contract. Upon their return to Cuba, the Avellanals found their economic situation deteriorating, and Avellanal sought to practice medicine elsewhere. From his childhood friend, Dr. Ángel Suarez, he learned of the mutual aid societies being mounted in Tampa by struggling cigar workers. These societies offered medical benefits to their members, a promising situation for a young and altruistic physician.","The Avellanals immigrated to Ybor City in 1904 and, within a short time (and some political maneuvering), Dr. Avellanal became the director of the newly-built Centro Español Sanatorium on Bayshore Boulevard. By 1911, Avellanal owned his own medical society and clinic, El Bien Público, which came to employ six physicians and had a membership of over 20,000 at the time of his death in 1927.","Because early Tampa hosted a plethora of economic opportunities for those with little capitol, Avellanal diversified his investments far beyond the field of medicine. Among these were: a cigar factory, Liborio cigar Company, 1916-1919; a loan company, the Public Welfare Company, 1924-1927; a number of drugstores  which later sold his patented medicines, 1911-1927; and of course, being in Florida in the 1920s, numerous real estate investments. In addition to these ventures, from 1916-1921 Avellanal was president of the New York Signal Company in New York City, formed to manufacture and market his turning signal invention for automobiles. Avellanal was also a director of the Latin-American Bank, a co-founder of  La Gaceta  newspaper, and an impresario responsible for bringing many attractions to Ybor City, including the first opera performed in Florida in 1914.","One must surmise that a man of such breadth would spark a gamut of emotions among his constituents. To the Anglo doctors in the Tampa community, Avellanal was regarded acidly as a practitioner of medicine by contract, which they vehemently opposed. To his business associates, he was a shrewd but honest negotiator. To his only son, José Luis, he represented the stilted values of a more rigid century. To the Latin laborer, he loomed as a respected patriarch who, during their impoverishing cigar strikes, responded with charity for all.","After Avellanal's death, a great number of lawsuits ensued on behalf of, and often against, his estate. The collection, including the estate papers, are important for the detailed history they weave of early Ybor City life, especially its medical societies. They are a virtual Who's Who in Tampa, as his business dealings, and later the lawsuits, involved many significant Tampa citizens.","Note written by written by Sergio A. Salazar, 1984; edited by Jean McAllister, 2011"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJose Ramon Avellanal Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Jose Ramon Avellanal Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJose Luis Avellanal Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrince Alexis N. Gagarin Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehttp://digital.lib.usf.edu/?u29.108-g02-ead\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Jose Luis Avellanal Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Prince Alexis N. Gagarin Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","http://digital.lib.usf.edu/?u29.108-g02-ead"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the collection documents the life and career of Dr. Jos\u0026#xE9; Ramon Avellanal, a prominent Ybor City physician and founder of El Bien Publico Clinic. Among the papers are biographical materials, correspondence, patents, estate papers, and documents pertaining to Dr. Avellanal's medical practice, drug store businesses, Public Welfare Company, and other ventures.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The bulk of the collection documents the life and career of Dr. José Ramon Avellanal, a prominent Ybor City physician and founder of El Bien Publico Clinic. Among the papers are biographical materials, correspondence, patents, estate papers, and documents pertaining to Dr. Avellanal's medical practice, drug store businesses, Public Welfare Company, and other ventures."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlvarez, Gonzalez P. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eYerbas Medicinales: Como Curarse Con Plantas. Descripcio\u0026#x301;n De 500 Plantas Recomendadas Para Curar Las Principales Enfermedades\u003c/emph\u003e. Mexico: El Libro Espan\u0026#x303;ol, 1951. Print.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBeato, Bartolome. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eElementos De Psicologi\u0026#x301;a, Lo\u0026#x301;gica Y E\u0026#x301;tica: Para Los Alumnos De Segunda Ensen\u0026#x303;anza\u003c/emph\u003e. Madrid: E. Cuesta, 1875. Print.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBenot, Eduardo. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGrama\u0026#x301;tica Francesa: Y Me\u0026#x301;todo Para Aprenderla\u003c/emph\u003e. Ca\u0026#x301;diz: Verdugo, Morillas, 1864. 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Print.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIraizoz, Antonio. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLa Poesia Civil En Cuba\u003c/emph\u003e. La Habana: talleres graficos \"Cuba intelectual\", 1928. Print.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLehmann, Bernhard. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGrama\u0026#x301;tica Alemana Al Uso De Los Espan\u0026#x303;oles. 2a. Ed\u003c/emph\u003e. Francfort del Main: s.n., 1876. Print.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLehmann, Bernhard. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eClave De La Grama\u0026#x300;tica Alemana Y Traduccio\u0026#x300;n Correcta De Los Ejercicios\u003c/emph\u003e. Franfort del Mein, 1876. Print.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eVallin, y B. A. F. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGeometri\u0026#x301;a Para Los Nin\u0026#x303;os: Que Concurren A\u0026#x301; Las Escuelas De Primera Ensen\u0026#x303;anza\u003c/emph\u003e. Madrid: M. Rivadeneyra, 1872. Print.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eVallin, y B. A. F. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ePrincipios Y Ejercicios De Aritme\u0026#x301;tica: Para Uso De Los Alumnos De Primer An\u0026#x303;o\u003c/emph\u003e. Madrid: Aguado, 1867. Print.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Alvarez, Gonzalez P.  Yerbas Medicinales: Como Curarse Con Plantas. Descripción De 500 Plantas Recomendadas Para Curar Las Principales Enfermedades . Mexico: El Libro Español, 1951. Print.","Beato, Bartolome.  Elementos De Psicología, Lógica Y Ética: Para Los Alumnos De Segunda Enseñanza . Madrid: E. Cuesta, 1875. Print.","Benot, Eduardo.  Gramática Francesa: Y Método Para Aprenderla . Cádiz: Verdugo, Morillas, 1864. Print.","Casares, y R. A.  Manual De Quimica General: Con Aplicacion Á La Industria Y Con Especialidad Á La Agricultura . Madrid: Pablo Calleja, 1873. Print.","Garmendia, Miguel.  Lecciones Retórica Y Poética Ó De Literatura Preceptiva . Matanzas: Librería y Papelería \"La Propaganda\", 1888. Print.","González, Rucavado C.  El Hijo De Un Gamonal (novela Costarricense) . San José de Costa Rica: Padrón y Pujol, 1901. Print.","Higgins, Edrie.  Echoes of Time: A Novel . s.l: s.n, 1944. Print.","Iraizoz, Antonio.  La Poesia Civil En Cuba . La Habana: talleres graficos \"Cuba intelectual\", 1928. Print.","Lehmann, Bernhard.  Gramática Alemana Al Uso De Los Españoles. 2a. Ed . Francfort del Main: s.n., 1876. Print.","Lehmann, Bernhard.  Clave De La Gramàtica Alemana Y Traducciòn Correcta De Los Ejercicios . Franfort del Mein, 1876. Print.","Vallin, y B. A. F.  Geometría Para Los Niños: Que Concurren Á Las Escuelas De Primera Enseñanza . Madrid: M. Rivadeneyra, 1872. Print.","Vallin, y B. A. F.  Principios Y Ejercicios De Aritmética: Para Uso De Los Alumnos De Primer Año . Madrid: Aguado, 1867. Print."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0;The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Avellanal, José Ramón, 1869-1927"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Avellanal, José Ramón, 1869-1927"],"language_ssim":["English Spanish; Castilian"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":188,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1872764904259190784,"_root_":"3db8e15ea05a2ee76785c7cb","timestamp":"2026-08-06T09:16:29.856Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/3db8e15ea05a2ee76785c7cb_aspace_90763"}},{"id":"6ef89e1d1ddde2fbcc9c06cc_aspace_110807","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Witness Testimony and Notes, 1970-1972, n.d.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/6ef89e1d1ddde2fbcc9c06cc_aspace_110807#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_110807","ref_ssm":["aspace_110807","aspace_110807"],"id":"6ef89e1d1ddde2fbcc9c06cc_aspace_110807","title_filing_ssi":"Witness Testimony and Notes","title_ssm":["Witness Testimony and Notes"],"title_tesim":["Witness Testimony and Notes"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1970-1972, n.d."],"normalized_date_ssm":["1970-1972, n.d."],"normalized_title_ssm":["Witness Testimony and Notes, 1970-1972, n.d."],"text":["Witness Testimony and Notes, 1970-1972, n.d.","Kent Spriggs Papers, 1963-1976, bulk 1971-1976","Quincy Five, 1963-1976","Folder 10","/repositories/10/archival_objects/65786","box 3","folder 10"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["6ef89e1d1ddde2fbcc9c06cc","6ef89e1d1ddde2fbcc9c06cc_aspace_115221"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Kent Spriggs Papers, 1963-1976, bulk 1971-1976","Quincy Five, 1963-1976"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Kent Spriggs Papers, 1963-1976, bulk 1971-1976","Quincy Five, 1963-1976"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 10","/repositories/10/archival_objects/65786"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Kent Spriggs Papers, 1963-1976, bulk 1971-1976"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":42,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection contains restricted materials. Access will be reviewed upon request by curators, screening for confidential or sensitive information. Contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information about access to these materials. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. 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Access will be reviewed upon request by curators, screening for confidential or sensitive information. Contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information about access to these materials. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.","The P. Kent Spriggs Papers contain material related to two early civil rights cases prosecuted by Spriggs: the Quincy Five case and Steele et al. v. Leon County Board of Public Instruction. Spriggs graduated from New York University School of Law in 1965 and practiced law for more than thirty-seven years. He established Spriggs Law Firm in Tallahassee, Florida in 1971 and focused on civil rights related cases.\n On September 18, 1970 Luke's Grocery, a small store and tackle shop on Lake Bradford Road in Tallahassee, Florida was held up. During the robbery two jailers from the Leon County jail, Khomas Revels and Hallie Carroll entered the store. Revels and Carroll attempted to disrupt the robbers, but a struggle ensued and both were shot in the scuffle. Carroll survived the shooting, Revels was pronounced dead on arrival at hospital. The gunmen, however, escaped.\n By January 1971, six men were arrested and charged with the robbery/murder. The six included Alfonse Figgers, Johnny Frederik, Dave Keaton, David Charles Smith, Johnny Burns and John Allen Britt. However, Britt later proved to have an out-of-state alibi. The remaining five became know as the Quincy Five because they all resided in Quincy, Florida. On January 28, 1971 all five men were indicted for murder based on what would prove to be coerced confessions, despite lack of physical evidence.\n Keaton and Fredericks were tried together in May of 1971. Both were found guilty. Keaton received a death sentence and Fredrick a recommendation of mercy.\n Meanwhile, on a tip from an informant, three Jacksonville men were implicated in the robbery/murder. On further investigation, it was discovered that the fingerprints of these three matched fingerprints at the scene. These three men became known as the Jacksonville Three. However, charges were not dropped against the Quincy Five.\n Shortly after the conviction of the Jacksonville Three, the State Attorney decided not to prosecute Figgers and in May of 1972, Smith was found not guilty. With the help of Kent Sprigg, and others, Keaton and Frederick gained a retrial in 1973. In the end, all of the Quincy Five were found not guilty of the robbery/murder. However some remained in jail for other offenses.\n Steele et al. v. Leon County Board of Public Instruction was first brought forth in 1962 by Reverend C. K. Steele and several other black families concerned with the unconstitutional apportionment of Leon County Schools. They argued that Leon County had a segregated school system and that the Board of Public Instruction was not proceeding \"with all deliberate speed\" to desegregate the county school system. However, the courts continued to rule that Leon County had a fair system of apportionment and that the schools were within constitutional limits.\n The backers of the case did not see much headway in the case until 1970 when United States District Court of the Northern District of Florida ordered the Leon County Board of Public Instruction to desegregate. In April 24, 1973 the school board adopted another assignment plan to improve on the one created as a result of the 1970 ruling. However, the board rescinded the new plan and continued to use the one created in 1970.\n As a result, the backers of Steele v. Leon County Board of Public Instruction brought suit this time, with the help of Kent Spriggs, and pressed for a full unitary school system.\n The court ruled that the original plan was well within the bounds of the law and that Leon County Schools were more racially balanced that they had been in 1970. The case was dismissed.","The collection was processed from September to November 2004 by Chad Underwood.","Kent Spriggs. (1998).  Representing Plaintiffs in Title VII Actions . New York: Aspen Publishers.  http://fsu.catalog.fcla.edu/permalink.jsp?23FS022429066 Kent Spriggs. (2017).  Voices of Civil Rights Lawyers: Reflections From the Deep South, 1964-1980 . Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida.  http://union.discover.flvc.org/permalink.jsp?00IR002749192 Spriggs Law Firm  (website).  http://spriggslawfirm.com/","Consists of Kent Spriggs' case files related to the 1973 retrial of Dave Keaton and Johnny Frederick of the Quincy Five and those related to Keaton et al. v. Townsend, a civil case brought by the Quincy Five against the State of Florida and Joe Townsend for the coerced testimony that implicated the men in the case. Included in these files are correspondence with Alfonse Figgers, Dave Keaton, David Charles Smith, Johnny Frederick, and Johnny Burns who were collectively known as the Quincy Five.\n Also contains files related to Clifford N. Steele, et al. v. Board of Public Instruction of Leon County, Florida, et al., including correspondence, newspaper clippings and trial notes and briefs.","Select materials from the Spriggs Papers have been digitized and are available through the  FSU Digital Library .","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Burns, Johnny","Frederick, Johnny","Figgers, Alfonse","Keaton, Dave","Smith, David Charles","Spriggs, P. 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Kent Spriggs."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil Rights--Florida--History","Tallahassee (Fla.)--History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil Rights--Florida--History","Tallahassee (Fla.)--History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["3 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains restricted materials. Access will be reviewed upon request by curators, screening for confidential or sensitive information. Contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information about access to these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection contains restricted materials. Access will be reviewed upon request by curators, screening for confidential or sensitive information. Contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information about access to these materials. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe P. Kent Spriggs Papers contain material related to two early civil rights cases prosecuted by Spriggs: the Quincy Five case and Steele et al. v. Leon County Board of Public Instruction. Spriggs graduated from New York University School of Law in 1965 and practiced law for more than thirty-seven years. He established Spriggs Law Firm in Tallahassee, Florida in 1971 and focused on civil rights related cases.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOn September 18, 1970 Luke's Grocery, a small store and tackle shop on Lake Bradford Road in Tallahassee, Florida was held up. During the robbery two jailers from the Leon County jail, Khomas Revels and Hallie Carroll entered the store. Revels and Carroll attempted to disrupt the robbers, but a struggle ensued and both were shot in the scuffle. Carroll survived the shooting, Revels was pronounced dead on arrival at hospital. The gunmen, however, escaped.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBy January 1971, six men were arrested and charged with the robbery/murder. The six included Alfonse Figgers, Johnny Frederik, Dave Keaton, David Charles Smith, Johnny Burns and John Allen Britt. However, Britt later proved to have an out-of-state alibi. The remaining five became know as the Quincy Five because they all resided in Quincy, Florida. On January 28, 1971 all five men were indicted for murder based on what would prove to be coerced confessions, despite lack of physical evidence.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eKeaton and Fredericks were tried together in May of 1971. Both were found guilty. Keaton received a death sentence and Fredrick a recommendation of mercy.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMeanwhile, on a tip from an informant, three Jacksonville men were implicated in the robbery/murder. On further investigation, it was discovered that the fingerprints of these three matched fingerprints at the scene. These three men became known as the Jacksonville Three. However, charges were not dropped against the Quincy Five.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eShortly after the conviction of the Jacksonville Three, the State Attorney decided not to prosecute Figgers and in May of 1972, Smith was found not guilty. With the help of Kent Sprigg, and others, Keaton and Frederick gained a retrial in 1973. In the end, all of the Quincy Five were found not guilty of the robbery/murder. However some remained in jail for other offenses.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSteele et al. v. Leon County Board of Public Instruction was first brought forth in 1962 by Reverend C. K. Steele and several other black families concerned with the unconstitutional apportionment of Leon County Schools. They argued that Leon County had a segregated school system and that the Board of Public Instruction was not proceeding \"with all deliberate speed\" to desegregate the county school system. However, the courts continued to rule that Leon County had a fair system of apportionment and that the schools were within constitutional limits.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe backers of the case did not see much headway in the case until 1970 when United States District Court of the Northern District of Florida ordered the Leon County Board of Public Instruction to desegregate. In April 24, 1973 the school board adopted another assignment plan to improve on the one created as a result of the 1970 ruling. However, the board rescinded the new plan and continued to use the one created in 1970.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAs a result, the backers of Steele v. Leon County Board of Public Instruction brought suit this time, with the help of Kent Spriggs, and pressed for a full unitary school system.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe court ruled that the original plan was well within the bounds of the law and that Leon County Schools were more racially balanced that they had been in 1970. The case was dismissed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The P. Kent Spriggs Papers contain material related to two early civil rights cases prosecuted by Spriggs: the Quincy Five case and Steele et al. v. Leon County Board of Public Instruction. Spriggs graduated from New York University School of Law in 1965 and practiced law for more than thirty-seven years. He established Spriggs Law Firm in Tallahassee, Florida in 1971 and focused on civil rights related cases.\n On September 18, 1970 Luke's Grocery, a small store and tackle shop on Lake Bradford Road in Tallahassee, Florida was held up. During the robbery two jailers from the Leon County jail, Khomas Revels and Hallie Carroll entered the store. Revels and Carroll attempted to disrupt the robbers, but a struggle ensued and both were shot in the scuffle. Carroll survived the shooting, Revels was pronounced dead on arrival at hospital. The gunmen, however, escaped.\n By January 1971, six men were arrested and charged with the robbery/murder. The six included Alfonse Figgers, Johnny Frederik, Dave Keaton, David Charles Smith, Johnny Burns and John Allen Britt. However, Britt later proved to have an out-of-state alibi. The remaining five became know as the Quincy Five because they all resided in Quincy, Florida. On January 28, 1971 all five men were indicted for murder based on what would prove to be coerced confessions, despite lack of physical evidence.\n Keaton and Fredericks were tried together in May of 1971. Both were found guilty. Keaton received a death sentence and Fredrick a recommendation of mercy.\n Meanwhile, on a tip from an informant, three Jacksonville men were implicated in the robbery/murder. On further investigation, it was discovered that the fingerprints of these three matched fingerprints at the scene. These three men became known as the Jacksonville Three. However, charges were not dropped against the Quincy Five.\n Shortly after the conviction of the Jacksonville Three, the State Attorney decided not to prosecute Figgers and in May of 1972, Smith was found not guilty. With the help of Kent Sprigg, and others, Keaton and Frederick gained a retrial in 1973. In the end, all of the Quincy Five were found not guilty of the robbery/murder. However some remained in jail for other offenses.\n Steele et al. v. Leon County Board of Public Instruction was first brought forth in 1962 by Reverend C. K. Steele and several other black families concerned with the unconstitutional apportionment of Leon County Schools. They argued that Leon County had a segregated school system and that the Board of Public Instruction was not proceeding \"with all deliberate speed\" to desegregate the county school system. However, the courts continued to rule that Leon County had a fair system of apportionment and that the schools were within constitutional limits.\n The backers of the case did not see much headway in the case until 1970 when United States District Court of the Northern District of Florida ordered the Leon County Board of Public Instruction to desegregate. In April 24, 1973 the school board adopted another assignment plan to improve on the one created as a result of the 1970 ruling. However, the board rescinded the new plan and continued to use the one created in 1970.\n As a result, the backers of Steele v. Leon County Board of Public Instruction brought suit this time, with the help of Kent Spriggs, and pressed for a full unitary school system.\n The court ruled that the original plan was well within the bounds of the law and that Leon County Schools were more racially balanced that they had been in 1970. The case was dismissed."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], Kent Spriggs Papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.\nhttps://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-2004-04\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], Kent Spriggs Papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.\nhttps://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-2004-04"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was processed from September to November 2004 by Chad Underwood.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was processed from September to November 2004 by Chad Underwood."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eKent Spriggs. (1998). \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRepresenting Plaintiffs in Title VII Actions\u003c/emph\u003e. New York: Aspen Publishers. \u003cextref href=\"http://fsu.catalog.fcla.edu/permalink.jsp?23FS022429066\"\u003ehttp://fsu.catalog.fcla.edu/permalink.jsp?23FS022429066\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eKent Spriggs. (2017). \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVoices of Civil Rights Lawyers: Reflections From the Deep South, 1964-1980\u003c/emph\u003e. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://union.discover.flvc.org/permalink.jsp?00IR002749192\"\u003ehttp://union.discover.flvc.org/permalink.jsp?00IR002749192\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSpriggs Law Firm\u003c/emph\u003e (website). \u003cextref href=\"http://spriggslawfirm.com/\"\u003ehttp://spriggslawfirm.com/\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Publications"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Kent Spriggs. (1998).  Representing Plaintiffs in Title VII Actions . New York: Aspen Publishers.  http://fsu.catalog.fcla.edu/permalink.jsp?23FS022429066 Kent Spriggs. (2017).  Voices of Civil Rights Lawyers: Reflections From the Deep South, 1964-1980 . Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida.  http://union.discover.flvc.org/permalink.jsp?00IR002749192 Spriggs Law Firm  (website).  http://spriggslawfirm.com/"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConsists of Kent Spriggs' case files related to the 1973 retrial of Dave Keaton and Johnny Frederick of the Quincy Five and those related to Keaton et al. v. Townsend, a civil case brought by the Quincy Five against the State of Florida and Joe Townsend for the coerced testimony that implicated the men in the case. Included in these files are correspondence with Alfonse Figgers, Dave Keaton, David Charles Smith, Johnny Frederick, and Johnny Burns who were collectively known as the Quincy Five.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAlso contains files related to Clifford N. Steele, et al. v. Board of Public Instruction of Leon County, Florida, et al., including correspondence, newspaper clippings and trial notes and briefs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSelect materials from the Spriggs Papers have been digitized and are available through the \u003cextref href=\"http://diginole.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:kentspriggspapers\"\u003eFSU Digital Library\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Online Copies Available"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Consists of Kent Spriggs' case files related to the 1973 retrial of Dave Keaton and Johnny Frederick of the Quincy Five and those related to Keaton et al. v. Townsend, a civil case brought by the Quincy Five against the State of Florida and Joe Townsend for the coerced testimony that implicated the men in the case. Included in these files are correspondence with Alfonse Figgers, Dave Keaton, David Charles Smith, Johnny Frederick, and Johnny Burns who were collectively known as the Quincy Five.\n Also contains files related to Clifford N. Steele, et al. v. Board of Public Instruction of Leon County, Florida, et al., including correspondence, newspaper clippings and trial notes and briefs.","Select materials from the Spriggs Papers have been digitized and are available through the  FSU Digital Library ."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. 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Access will be reviewed upon request by curators, screening for confidential or sensitive information. Contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information about access to these materials. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"containers_ssim":["box 3","folder 11"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#40","_nest_parent_":"6ef89e1d1ddde2fbcc9c06cc_aspace_115221","_root_":"6ef89e1d1ddde2fbcc9c06cc","timestamp":"2026-04-21T12:50:22.747Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"6ef89e1d1ddde2fbcc9c06cc","title_ssm":["Kent Spriggs Papers"],"title_tesim":["Kent Spriggs Papers"],"ead_ssi":"6ef89e1d1ddde2fbcc9c06cc","unitdate_ssm":["1963-1976","1971-1976"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1971-1976"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1963-1976"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 2004-04","/repositories/10/resources/601"],"text":["MSS 2004-04","/repositories/10/resources/601","Kent Spriggs Papers, 1963-1976, bulk 1971-1976","Civil Rights--Florida--History","Tallahassee (Fla.)--History","This collection contains restricted materials. Access will be reviewed upon request by curators, screening for confidential or sensitive information. Contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information about access to these materials. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.","The P. Kent Spriggs Papers contain material related to two early civil rights cases prosecuted by Spriggs: the Quincy Five case and Steele et al. v. Leon County Board of Public Instruction. Spriggs graduated from New York University School of Law in 1965 and practiced law for more than thirty-seven years. He established Spriggs Law Firm in Tallahassee, Florida in 1971 and focused on civil rights related cases.\n On September 18, 1970 Luke's Grocery, a small store and tackle shop on Lake Bradford Road in Tallahassee, Florida was held up. During the robbery two jailers from the Leon County jail, Khomas Revels and Hallie Carroll entered the store. Revels and Carroll attempted to disrupt the robbers, but a struggle ensued and both were shot in the scuffle. Carroll survived the shooting, Revels was pronounced dead on arrival at hospital. The gunmen, however, escaped.\n By January 1971, six men were arrested and charged with the robbery/murder. The six included Alfonse Figgers, Johnny Frederik, Dave Keaton, David Charles Smith, Johnny Burns and John Allen Britt. However, Britt later proved to have an out-of-state alibi. The remaining five became know as the Quincy Five because they all resided in Quincy, Florida. On January 28, 1971 all five men were indicted for murder based on what would prove to be coerced confessions, despite lack of physical evidence.\n Keaton and Fredericks were tried together in May of 1971. Both were found guilty. Keaton received a death sentence and Fredrick a recommendation of mercy.\n Meanwhile, on a tip from an informant, three Jacksonville men were implicated in the robbery/murder. On further investigation, it was discovered that the fingerprints of these three matched fingerprints at the scene. These three men became known as the Jacksonville Three. However, charges were not dropped against the Quincy Five.\n Shortly after the conviction of the Jacksonville Three, the State Attorney decided not to prosecute Figgers and in May of 1972, Smith was found not guilty. With the help of Kent Sprigg, and others, Keaton and Frederick gained a retrial in 1973. In the end, all of the Quincy Five were found not guilty of the robbery/murder. However some remained in jail for other offenses.\n Steele et al. v. Leon County Board of Public Instruction was first brought forth in 1962 by Reverend C. K. Steele and several other black families concerned with the unconstitutional apportionment of Leon County Schools. They argued that Leon County had a segregated school system and that the Board of Public Instruction was not proceeding \"with all deliberate speed\" to desegregate the county school system. However, the courts continued to rule that Leon County had a fair system of apportionment and that the schools were within constitutional limits.\n The backers of the case did not see much headway in the case until 1970 when United States District Court of the Northern District of Florida ordered the Leon County Board of Public Instruction to desegregate. In April 24, 1973 the school board adopted another assignment plan to improve on the one created as a result of the 1970 ruling. However, the board rescinded the new plan and continued to use the one created in 1970.\n As a result, the backers of Steele v. Leon County Board of Public Instruction brought suit this time, with the help of Kent Spriggs, and pressed for a full unitary school system.\n The court ruled that the original plan was well within the bounds of the law and that Leon County Schools were more racially balanced that they had been in 1970. The case was dismissed.","The collection was processed from September to November 2004 by Chad Underwood.","Kent Spriggs. (1998).  Representing Plaintiffs in Title VII Actions . New York: Aspen Publishers.  http://fsu.catalog.fcla.edu/permalink.jsp?23FS022429066 Kent Spriggs. (2017).  Voices of Civil Rights Lawyers: Reflections From the Deep South, 1964-1980 . Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida.  http://union.discover.flvc.org/permalink.jsp?00IR002749192 Spriggs Law Firm  (website).  http://spriggslawfirm.com/","Consists of Kent Spriggs' case files related to the 1973 retrial of Dave Keaton and Johnny Frederick of the Quincy Five and those related to Keaton et al. v. Townsend, a civil case brought by the Quincy Five against the State of Florida and Joe Townsend for the coerced testimony that implicated the men in the case. Included in these files are correspondence with Alfonse Figgers, Dave Keaton, David Charles Smith, Johnny Frederick, and Johnny Burns who were collectively known as the Quincy Five.\n Also contains files related to Clifford N. Steele, et al. v. Board of Public Instruction of Leon County, Florida, et al., including correspondence, newspaper clippings and trial notes and briefs.","Select materials from the Spriggs Papers have been digitized and are available through the  FSU Digital Library .","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Burns, Johnny","Frederick, Johnny","Figgers, Alfonse","Keaton, Dave","Smith, David Charles","Spriggs, P. Kent","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 2004-04","/repositories/10/resources/601"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1963-1976, bulk 1971-1976"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Kent Spriggs Papers, 1963-1976, bulk 1971-1976"],"collection_title_tesim":["Kent Spriggs Papers, 1963-1976, bulk 1971-1976"],"collection_ssim":["Kent Spriggs Papers, 1963-1976, bulk 1971-1976"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of P. Kent Spriggs."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil Rights--Florida--History","Tallahassee (Fla.)--History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil Rights--Florida--History","Tallahassee (Fla.)--History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["3 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains restricted materials. Access will be reviewed upon request by curators, screening for confidential or sensitive information. Contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information about access to these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection contains restricted materials. Access will be reviewed upon request by curators, screening for confidential or sensitive information. Contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information about access to these materials. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe P. Kent Spriggs Papers contain material related to two early civil rights cases prosecuted by Spriggs: the Quincy Five case and Steele et al. v. Leon County Board of Public Instruction. Spriggs graduated from New York University School of Law in 1965 and practiced law for more than thirty-seven years. He established Spriggs Law Firm in Tallahassee, Florida in 1971 and focused on civil rights related cases.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOn September 18, 1970 Luke's Grocery, a small store and tackle shop on Lake Bradford Road in Tallahassee, Florida was held up. During the robbery two jailers from the Leon County jail, Khomas Revels and Hallie Carroll entered the store. Revels and Carroll attempted to disrupt the robbers, but a struggle ensued and both were shot in the scuffle. Carroll survived the shooting, Revels was pronounced dead on arrival at hospital. The gunmen, however, escaped.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBy January 1971, six men were arrested and charged with the robbery/murder. The six included Alfonse Figgers, Johnny Frederik, Dave Keaton, David Charles Smith, Johnny Burns and John Allen Britt. However, Britt later proved to have an out-of-state alibi. The remaining five became know as the Quincy Five because they all resided in Quincy, Florida. On January 28, 1971 all five men were indicted for murder based on what would prove to be coerced confessions, despite lack of physical evidence.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eKeaton and Fredericks were tried together in May of 1971. Both were found guilty. Keaton received a death sentence and Fredrick a recommendation of mercy.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMeanwhile, on a tip from an informant, three Jacksonville men were implicated in the robbery/murder. On further investigation, it was discovered that the fingerprints of these three matched fingerprints at the scene. These three men became known as the Jacksonville Three. However, charges were not dropped against the Quincy Five.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eShortly after the conviction of the Jacksonville Three, the State Attorney decided not to prosecute Figgers and in May of 1972, Smith was found not guilty. With the help of Kent Sprigg, and others, Keaton and Frederick gained a retrial in 1973. In the end, all of the Quincy Five were found not guilty of the robbery/murder. However some remained in jail for other offenses.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSteele et al. v. Leon County Board of Public Instruction was first brought forth in 1962 by Reverend C. K. Steele and several other black families concerned with the unconstitutional apportionment of Leon County Schools. They argued that Leon County had a segregated school system and that the Board of Public Instruction was not proceeding \"with all deliberate speed\" to desegregate the county school system. However, the courts continued to rule that Leon County had a fair system of apportionment and that the schools were within constitutional limits.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe backers of the case did not see much headway in the case until 1970 when United States District Court of the Northern District of Florida ordered the Leon County Board of Public Instruction to desegregate. In April 24, 1973 the school board adopted another assignment plan to improve on the one created as a result of the 1970 ruling. However, the board rescinded the new plan and continued to use the one created in 1970.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAs a result, the backers of Steele v. Leon County Board of Public Instruction brought suit this time, with the help of Kent Spriggs, and pressed for a full unitary school system.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe court ruled that the original plan was well within the bounds of the law and that Leon County Schools were more racially balanced that they had been in 1970. The case was dismissed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The P. Kent Spriggs Papers contain material related to two early civil rights cases prosecuted by Spriggs: the Quincy Five case and Steele et al. v. Leon County Board of Public Instruction. Spriggs graduated from New York University School of Law in 1965 and practiced law for more than thirty-seven years. He established Spriggs Law Firm in Tallahassee, Florida in 1971 and focused on civil rights related cases.\n On September 18, 1970 Luke's Grocery, a small store and tackle shop on Lake Bradford Road in Tallahassee, Florida was held up. During the robbery two jailers from the Leon County jail, Khomas Revels and Hallie Carroll entered the store. Revels and Carroll attempted to disrupt the robbers, but a struggle ensued and both were shot in the scuffle. Carroll survived the shooting, Revels was pronounced dead on arrival at hospital. The gunmen, however, escaped.\n By January 1971, six men were arrested and charged with the robbery/murder. The six included Alfonse Figgers, Johnny Frederik, Dave Keaton, David Charles Smith, Johnny Burns and John Allen Britt. However, Britt later proved to have an out-of-state alibi. The remaining five became know as the Quincy Five because they all resided in Quincy, Florida. On January 28, 1971 all five men were indicted for murder based on what would prove to be coerced confessions, despite lack of physical evidence.\n Keaton and Fredericks were tried together in May of 1971. Both were found guilty. Keaton received a death sentence and Fredrick a recommendation of mercy.\n Meanwhile, on a tip from an informant, three Jacksonville men were implicated in the robbery/murder. On further investigation, it was discovered that the fingerprints of these three matched fingerprints at the scene. These three men became known as the Jacksonville Three. However, charges were not dropped against the Quincy Five.\n Shortly after the conviction of the Jacksonville Three, the State Attorney decided not to prosecute Figgers and in May of 1972, Smith was found not guilty. With the help of Kent Sprigg, and others, Keaton and Frederick gained a retrial in 1973. In the end, all of the Quincy Five were found not guilty of the robbery/murder. However some remained in jail for other offenses.\n Steele et al. v. Leon County Board of Public Instruction was first brought forth in 1962 by Reverend C. K. Steele and several other black families concerned with the unconstitutional apportionment of Leon County Schools. They argued that Leon County had a segregated school system and that the Board of Public Instruction was not proceeding \"with all deliberate speed\" to desegregate the county school system. However, the courts continued to rule that Leon County had a fair system of apportionment and that the schools were within constitutional limits.\n The backers of the case did not see much headway in the case until 1970 when United States District Court of the Northern District of Florida ordered the Leon County Board of Public Instruction to desegregate. In April 24, 1973 the school board adopted another assignment plan to improve on the one created as a result of the 1970 ruling. However, the board rescinded the new plan and continued to use the one created in 1970.\n As a result, the backers of Steele v. Leon County Board of Public Instruction brought suit this time, with the help of Kent Spriggs, and pressed for a full unitary school system.\n The court ruled that the original plan was well within the bounds of the law and that Leon County Schools were more racially balanced that they had been in 1970. The case was dismissed."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], Kent Spriggs Papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.\nhttps://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-2004-04\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], Kent Spriggs Papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.\nhttps://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-2004-04"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was processed from September to November 2004 by Chad Underwood.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was processed from September to November 2004 by Chad Underwood."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eKent Spriggs. (1998). \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRepresenting Plaintiffs in Title VII Actions\u003c/emph\u003e. New York: Aspen Publishers. \u003cextref href=\"http://fsu.catalog.fcla.edu/permalink.jsp?23FS022429066\"\u003ehttp://fsu.catalog.fcla.edu/permalink.jsp?23FS022429066\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eKent Spriggs. (2017). \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVoices of Civil Rights Lawyers: Reflections From the Deep South, 1964-1980\u003c/emph\u003e. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://union.discover.flvc.org/permalink.jsp?00IR002749192\"\u003ehttp://union.discover.flvc.org/permalink.jsp?00IR002749192\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSpriggs Law Firm\u003c/emph\u003e (website). \u003cextref href=\"http://spriggslawfirm.com/\"\u003ehttp://spriggslawfirm.com/\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Publications"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Kent Spriggs. (1998).  Representing Plaintiffs in Title VII Actions . New York: Aspen Publishers.  http://fsu.catalog.fcla.edu/permalink.jsp?23FS022429066 Kent Spriggs. (2017).  Voices of Civil Rights Lawyers: Reflections From the Deep South, 1964-1980 . Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida.  http://union.discover.flvc.org/permalink.jsp?00IR002749192 Spriggs Law Firm  (website).  http://spriggslawfirm.com/"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConsists of Kent Spriggs' case files related to the 1973 retrial of Dave Keaton and Johnny Frederick of the Quincy Five and those related to Keaton et al. v. Townsend, a civil case brought by the Quincy Five against the State of Florida and Joe Townsend for the coerced testimony that implicated the men in the case. Included in these files are correspondence with Alfonse Figgers, Dave Keaton, David Charles Smith, Johnny Frederick, and Johnny Burns who were collectively known as the Quincy Five.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAlso contains files related to Clifford N. Steele, et al. v. Board of Public Instruction of Leon County, Florida, et al., including correspondence, newspaper clippings and trial notes and briefs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSelect materials from the Spriggs Papers have been digitized and are available through the \u003cextref href=\"http://diginole.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:kentspriggspapers\"\u003eFSU Digital Library\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Online Copies Available"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Consists of Kent Spriggs' case files related to the 1973 retrial of Dave Keaton and Johnny Frederick of the Quincy Five and those related to Keaton et al. v. Townsend, a civil case brought by the Quincy Five against the State of Florida and Joe Townsend for the coerced testimony that implicated the men in the case. Included in these files are correspondence with Alfonse Figgers, Dave Keaton, David Charles Smith, Johnny Frederick, and Johnny Burns who were collectively known as the Quincy Five.\n Also contains files related to Clifford N. Steele, et al. v. Board of Public Instruction of Leon County, Florida, et al., including correspondence, newspaper clippings and trial notes and briefs.","Select materials from the Spriggs Papers have been digitized and are available through the  FSU Digital Library ."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Burns, Johnny","Frederick, Johnny","Figgers, Alfonse","Keaton, Dave","Smith, David Charles","Spriggs, P. Kent"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Burns, Johnny","Frederick, Johnny","Figgers, Alfonse","Keaton, Dave","Smith, David Charles","Spriggs, P. Kent"],"persname_ssim":["Burns, Johnny","Frederick, Johnny","Figgers, Alfonse","Keaton, Dave","Smith, David Charles","Spriggs, P. Kent"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":50,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"6ef89e1d1ddde2fbcc9c06cc","timestamp":"2026-04-21T12:50:22.747Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/6ef89e1d1ddde2fbcc9c06cc_aspace_110808"}},{"id":"4b1b011e59287a46abc92172_aspace_101986","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Witt","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4b1b011e59287a46abc92172_aspace_101986#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_101986","ref_ssm":["aspace_101986","aspace_101986"],"id":"4b1b011e59287a46abc92172_aspace_101986","title_filing_ssi":"Witt","title_ssm":["Witt"],"title_tesim":["Witt"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Witt"],"text":["Witt","Claude Pepper Papers, 1900-1989","U.S. House","U.S. House - Case Files","Folder 41","/repositories/10/archival_objects/94513","307 - Box 30","folder 41"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["4b1b011e59287a46abc92172","4b1b011e59287a46abc92172_aspace_90d5fc28931abbf58f09941a28fa2e3b","4b1b011e59287a46abc92172_aspace_59054"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Claude Pepper Papers, 1900-1989","U.S. House","U.S. House - Case Files"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Claude Pepper Papers, 1900-1989","U.S. House","U.S. House - Case Files"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Record Group","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 41","/repositories/10/archival_objects/94513"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Claude Pepper Papers, 1900-1989"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":17651,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Users may access this collection at the Claude Pepper Library."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"containers_ssim":["307 - Box 30","folder 41"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#21/components#1184","_nest_parent_":"4b1b011e59287a46abc92172_aspace_59054","_root_":"4b1b011e59287a46abc92172","_version_":1870947473700159488,"timestamp":"2026-07-17T07:49:12.052Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"4b1b011e59287a46abc92172","title_ssm":["Claude Pepper Papers"],"title_tesim":["Claude Pepper Papers"],"ead_ssi":"4b1b011e59287a46abc92172","unitdate_ssm":["1900-1989"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1900-1989"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 1979-01","/repositories/10/resources/640"],"text":["MSS 1979-01","/repositories/10/resources/640","Claude Pepper Papers, 1900-1989","Florida--Politics and government","Florida--History","United States. Congress. House","United States--Politics and government--1933-1945","United States--Politics and government--1945-1953","United States--Politics and government--1953-1961","Collection is open to all researchers. Users may access this collection at the Claude Pepper Library.","During the processing of this collection, the original order of the files, as reflected in the filing series in his Washington, D.C. and Miami, Florida offices, were preserved as closely as possible. The order of files within most series generally follows an alphabetical sequence by subject and/or folder. Many campaign materials and official itineraries are arranged chronologically. Within a file folder, the material was retained in its original state (usually reverse chronological order) as much as possible, unless the arrangement presented access problems to researchers. Two or more file folders with the same title were usually arranged in chronological order.","As is typical of Congressional collections, material related to any one topic may be found in several places according to the use of the information, the creator of the folders, the history of department name changes, or the filing practices of different office staff members. For example, information about Social Security may be found in the following areas:","Record Group 300 - U.S. House of Representatives:","~Series 301 Correspondence ~Subseries 302A Aging Committee ~Subseries 302H National Committee on Social Security Reform ~Subseries 303A Congressional Speeches ~Subseries 303B Speeches (Other Groups) ~Series 305 News Clippings","To insure the preservation of the materials and their accessibility to researchers, photographs, negatives, memorabilia, and recordings were removed from the papers and transferred to their appropriate series. Separation sheets were placed in all folders from which these items were removed as well as in folders to which the items were transferred.","Claude Pepper was a devoted public servant who served over 40 years in public office first as a Member of the Florida House of Representatives (1929-1930), then as a U.S. Senator (1936-1950), and then as a Member of the U.S. House of Representatives (1962-1989). Early in his career, Pepper was a progressive minded liberal who sponsored legislation to promote equal rights, civil rights, workers' rights and the Lend-Lease Act. During and after World War II, Pepper became a driving force for the establishment of the National Institutes of Health, a system of government-sponsored medical research facilities.\n Much later in his life and career, he gained international fame as an advocate of older persons rights, health care, and for strengthening and protecting Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid, and other government sponsored programs on behalf of millions of Americans.\n Prior to his death, Pepper donated the bulk of his vast collection of official and personal papers to the Florida State University. It was his express wish that his collection is made available to researchers and scholars.","The Mildred and Claude Pepper Collection was donated by Congressman Claude Pepper to the Florida State University Libraries in 1979. Subsequent donations were made during the 1980s, and additional materials were acquired following his death in 1989. Initially, the Pepper Collection was housed at Dodd Hall on the Florida State University campus but was relocated in 1998 to a new state-of-the-art archival space located on the first floor of the Claude Pepper Center Building.","Peter A. Corning, Social Security Project, Reminiscences of Claude Denson Pepper : Oral History, 1967. Oral History Research Office, Columbia University.","Claude Pepper, Scrapbooks. Department of Special Collections, University of Florida Libraries.","Roosevelt, Franklin D., President's alphabetical file, 1933-1945. Franklin D. Roosevelt Library.","Patricia Sullivan, Progressive Party Oral History Interviews. Special Collections Department, Robert W. Woodruff Library, Emory University. (Includes oral history interview with Claude Pepper)","Containing over two million pages, the Claude Pepper Papers includes his official correspondence, speeches, legislative, committee, and campaign files. In addition, there are files of his personal correspondence, speeches, photographs, recordings, and memorabilia. Also included are the personal papers, photographs, recordings, and memorabilia of his wife, Mildred Irene Webster Pepper. Mrs. Pepper always took a deep interest in public affairs and in helping her husband in his political career. She vigorously supported medical research, urban beautification, conservation, and actively participated in charitable and humanitarian organizations. There are also personal papers of the Pepper/Webster family, largely consisting of correspondence from parents, brothers, sisters, and other family members.","These materials document the political and personal life of one of the most politically active individuals throughout most of this century, and in terms of size, content, and national significance, they have been compared to prestigious presidential collections, including the Papers of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. In addition to its value to historical research, these materials will enable current policy makers to build upon Claude Pepper's achievements as they continue to focus on his unfinished work. Because of his legacy, it is vital that the Claude Pepper Collection should always be accessible and preserved for future generations of scholars and researchers. Personal letters from Winston Churchill, Franklin D. and Eleanor Roosevelt, Harry S. Truman, and John F. Kennedy are among the treasures to be found here. The photographs include many individuals of historical significance, such as Pope Paul VI, Albert Einstein, and Martin Luther King, Jr. There are also recordings of such political notables as Lyndon Johnson, Tip O'Neill, and Hubert Humphrey. The Pepper Collection not only documents the career of one of the most politically active individuals of this century, it reflects the changes that have taken place in every area of American life. It contains a wealth of material on a variety of topics. Research using the Pepper Collection has focused on topics as diverse as the World War II \"Mother's Movement,\" American Indian land claims, national health care, Social Security, the Vietnamese conflict, and organized labor. Currently, the collection is being digitized to provide researchers with the opportunity to study his collection from anywhere around the world.","Select materials from the Claude Pepper Papers have been digitized and are available through the  FSU Digital Library .","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","Claude Pepper Library","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Congress. Senate","Pepper, Claude D.","Pepper, Claude, 1900-1989","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 1979-01","/repositories/10/resources/640"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1900-1989"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Claude Pepper Papers, 1900-1989"],"collection_title_tesim":["Claude Pepper Papers, 1900-1989"],"collection_ssim":["Claude Pepper Papers, 1900-1989"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Pepper, Claude D."],"creator_ssim":["Pepper, Claude D."],"creator_famname_ssim":["Pepper, Claude D."],"creators_ssim":["Pepper, Claude D."],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Claude and Mildred Pepper"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Florida--Politics and government","Florida--History","United States. Congress. House","United States--Politics and government--1933-1945","United States--Politics and government--1945-1953","United States--Politics and government--1953-1961"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Florida--Politics and government","Florida--History","United States. Congress. House","United States--Politics and government--1933-1945","United States--Politics and government--1945-1953","United States--Politics and government--1953-1961"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1200.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1200.00 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Users may access this collection at the Claude Pepper Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Users may access this collection at the Claude Pepper Library."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDuring the processing of this collection, the original order of the files, as reflected in the filing series in his Washington, D.C. and Miami, Florida offices, were preserved as closely as possible. The order of files within most series generally follows an alphabetical sequence by subject and/or folder. Many campaign materials and official itineraries are arranged chronologically. Within a file folder, the material was retained in its original state (usually reverse chronological order) as much as possible, unless the arrangement presented access problems to researchers. Two or more file folders with the same title were usually arranged in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs is typical of Congressional collections, material related to any one topic may be found in several places according to the use of the information, the creator of the folders, the history of department name changes, or the filing practices of different office staff members. For example, information about Social Security may be found in the following areas:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRecord Group 300 - U.S. House of Representatives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e~Series 301 Correspondence ~Subseries 302A Aging Committee ~Subseries 302H National Committee on Social Security Reform ~Subseries 303A Congressional Speeches ~Subseries 303B Speeches (Other Groups) ~Series 305 News Clippings\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTo insure the preservation of the materials and their accessibility to researchers, photographs, negatives, memorabilia, and recordings were removed from the papers and transferred to their appropriate series. Separation sheets were placed in all folders from which these items were removed as well as in folders to which the items were transferred.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["During the processing of this collection, the original order of the files, as reflected in the filing series in his Washington, D.C. and Miami, Florida offices, were preserved as closely as possible. The order of files within most series generally follows an alphabetical sequence by subject and/or folder. Many campaign materials and official itineraries are arranged chronologically. Within a file folder, the material was retained in its original state (usually reverse chronological order) as much as possible, unless the arrangement presented access problems to researchers. Two or more file folders with the same title were usually arranged in chronological order.","As is typical of Congressional collections, material related to any one topic may be found in several places according to the use of the information, the creator of the folders, the history of department name changes, or the filing practices of different office staff members. For example, information about Social Security may be found in the following areas:","Record Group 300 - U.S. House of Representatives:","~Series 301 Correspondence ~Subseries 302A Aging Committee ~Subseries 302H National Committee on Social Security Reform ~Subseries 303A Congressional Speeches ~Subseries 303B Speeches (Other Groups) ~Series 305 News Clippings","To insure the preservation of the materials and their accessibility to researchers, photographs, negatives, memorabilia, and recordings were removed from the papers and transferred to their appropriate series. Separation sheets were placed in all folders from which these items were removed as well as in folders to which the items were transferred."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eClaude Pepper was a devoted public servant who served over 40 years in public office first as a Member of the Florida House of Representatives (1929-1930), then as a U.S. Senator (1936-1950), and then as a Member of the U.S. House of Representatives (1962-1989). Early in his career, Pepper was a progressive minded liberal who sponsored legislation to promote equal rights, civil rights, workers' rights and the Lend-Lease Act. During and after World War II, Pepper became a driving force for the establishment of the National Institutes of Health, a system of government-sponsored medical research facilities.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMuch later in his life and career, he gained international fame as an advocate of older persons rights, health care, and for strengthening and protecting Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid, and other government sponsored programs on behalf of millions of Americans.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePrior to his death, Pepper donated the bulk of his vast collection of official and personal papers to the Florida State University. It was his express wish that his collection is made available to researchers and scholars.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Claude Pepper was a devoted public servant who served over 40 years in public office first as a Member of the Florida House of Representatives (1929-1930), then as a U.S. Senator (1936-1950), and then as a Member of the U.S. House of Representatives (1962-1989). Early in his career, Pepper was a progressive minded liberal who sponsored legislation to promote equal rights, civil rights, workers' rights and the Lend-Lease Act. During and after World War II, Pepper became a driving force for the establishment of the National Institutes of Health, a system of government-sponsored medical research facilities.\n Much later in his life and career, he gained international fame as an advocate of older persons rights, health care, and for strengthening and protecting Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid, and other government sponsored programs on behalf of millions of Americans.\n Prior to his death, Pepper donated the bulk of his vast collection of official and personal papers to the Florida State University. It was his express wish that his collection is made available to researchers and scholars."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Mildred and Claude Pepper Collection was donated by Congressman Claude Pepper to the Florida State University Libraries in 1979. Subsequent donations were made during the 1980s, and additional materials were acquired following his death in 1989. Initially, the Pepper Collection was housed at Dodd Hall on the Florida State University campus but was relocated in 1998 to a new state-of-the-art archival space located on the first floor of the Claude Pepper Center Building.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The Mildred and Claude Pepper Collection was donated by Congressman Claude Pepper to the Florida State University Libraries in 1979. Subsequent donations were made during the 1980s, and additional materials were acquired following his death in 1989. Initially, the Pepper Collection was housed at Dodd Hall on the Florida State University campus but was relocated in 1998 to a new state-of-the-art archival space located on the first floor of the Claude Pepper Center Building."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], Claude Pepper Papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/MSS_1979-01\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/MSS_1979-01\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], Claude Pepper Papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/MSS_1979-01 ."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePeter A. Corning, Social Security Project, Reminiscences of Claude Denson Pepper : Oral History, 1967. Oral History Research Office, Columbia University.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClaude Pepper, Scrapbooks. Department of Special Collections, University of Florida Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRoosevelt, Franklin D., President's alphabetical file, 1933-1945. Franklin D. Roosevelt Library.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePatricia Sullivan, Progressive Party Oral History Interviews. Special Collections Department, Robert W. Woodruff Library, Emory University. (Includes oral history interview with Claude Pepper)\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Peter A. Corning, Social Security Project, Reminiscences of Claude Denson Pepper : Oral History, 1967. Oral History Research Office, Columbia University.","Claude Pepper, Scrapbooks. Department of Special Collections, University of Florida Libraries.","Roosevelt, Franklin D., President's alphabetical file, 1933-1945. Franklin D. Roosevelt Library.","Patricia Sullivan, Progressive Party Oral History Interviews. Special Collections Department, Robert W. Woodruff Library, Emory University. (Includes oral history interview with Claude Pepper)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContaining over two million pages, the Claude Pepper Papers includes his official correspondence, speeches, legislative, committee, and campaign files. In addition, there are files of his personal correspondence, speeches, photographs, recordings, and memorabilia. Also included are the personal papers, photographs, recordings, and memorabilia of his wife, Mildred Irene Webster Pepper. Mrs. Pepper always took a deep interest in public affairs and in helping her husband in his political career. She vigorously supported medical research, urban beautification, conservation, and actively participated in charitable and humanitarian organizations. There are also personal papers of the Pepper/Webster family, largely consisting of correspondence from parents, brothers, sisters, and other family members.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese materials document the political and personal life of one of the most politically active individuals throughout most of this century, and in terms of size, content, and national significance, they have been compared to prestigious presidential collections, including the Papers of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. In addition to its value to historical research, these materials will enable current policy makers to build upon Claude Pepper's achievements as they continue to focus on his unfinished work. Because of his legacy, it is vital that the Claude Pepper Collection should always be accessible and preserved for future generations of scholars and researchers. Personal letters from Winston Churchill, Franklin D. and Eleanor Roosevelt, Harry S. Truman, and John F. Kennedy are among the treasures to be found here. The photographs include many individuals of historical significance, such as Pope Paul VI, Albert Einstein, and Martin Luther King, Jr. There are also recordings of such political notables as Lyndon Johnson, Tip O'Neill, and Hubert Humphrey. The Pepper Collection not only documents the career of one of the most politically active individuals of this century, it reflects the changes that have taken place in every area of American life. It contains a wealth of material on a variety of topics. Research using the Pepper Collection has focused on topics as diverse as the World War II \"Mother's Movement,\" American Indian land claims, national health care, Social Security, the Vietnamese conflict, and organized labor. Currently, the collection is being digitized to provide researchers with the opportunity to study his collection from anywhere around the world.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSelect materials from the Claude Pepper Papers have been digitized and are available through the \u003cextref href=\"http://diginole.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu%3Aclaudepeppermaincollection\"\u003eFSU Digital Library\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Online Copies Available"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Containing over two million pages, the Claude Pepper Papers includes his official correspondence, speeches, legislative, committee, and campaign files. In addition, there are files of his personal correspondence, speeches, photographs, recordings, and memorabilia. Also included are the personal papers, photographs, recordings, and memorabilia of his wife, Mildred Irene Webster Pepper. Mrs. Pepper always took a deep interest in public affairs and in helping her husband in his political career. She vigorously supported medical research, urban beautification, conservation, and actively participated in charitable and humanitarian organizations. There are also personal papers of the Pepper/Webster family, largely consisting of correspondence from parents, brothers, sisters, and other family members.","These materials document the political and personal life of one of the most politically active individuals throughout most of this century, and in terms of size, content, and national significance, they have been compared to prestigious presidential collections, including the Papers of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. In addition to its value to historical research, these materials will enable current policy makers to build upon Claude Pepper's achievements as they continue to focus on his unfinished work. Because of his legacy, it is vital that the Claude Pepper Collection should always be accessible and preserved for future generations of scholars and researchers. Personal letters from Winston Churchill, Franklin D. and Eleanor Roosevelt, Harry S. Truman, and John F. Kennedy are among the treasures to be found here. The photographs include many individuals of historical significance, such as Pope Paul VI, Albert Einstein, and Martin Luther King, Jr. There are also recordings of such political notables as Lyndon Johnson, Tip O'Neill, and Hubert Humphrey. The Pepper Collection not only documents the career of one of the most politically active individuals of this century, it reflects the changes that have taken place in every area of American life. It contains a wealth of material on a variety of topics. Research using the Pepper Collection has focused on topics as diverse as the World War II \"Mother's Movement,\" American Indian land claims, national health care, Social Security, the Vietnamese conflict, and organized labor. Currently, the collection is being digitized to provide researchers with the opportunity to study his collection from anywhere around the world.","Select materials from the Claude Pepper Papers have been digitized and are available through the  FSU Digital Library ."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_59cdc344ccbf964b456e94c25aa79f8c\"\u003eClaude Pepper Library\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Claude Pepper Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Congress. 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Series one through seven and nine and ten are arranged alphabetically while series eight is arranged chronologically and alphabetically within the series.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","Originally donated to the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience at FSU in 2001, the Tom Brokaw Collection is comprised of material sent to Tom Brokaw by World War II veterans before, during and after the publishing of his books,  The Greatest Generation  (1998) and  The Greatest Generation Speaks  (1999).\n Contained within the Tom Brokaw Collection are reminiscences from World War II veterans and those who were alive during the conflict, correspondence written to families back home during the war years, publications from various World War II veterans associations, poems written by veterans and their families commemorating their service in the war, photographs as well as artifacts and ephemera from the war years.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. 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Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["120.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["120.00 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Tom Brokaw Collection is arranged within ten separate series. 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Series one through seven and nine and ten are arranged alphabetically while series eight is arranged chronologically and alphabetically within the series."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Tom Brokaw collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-01-0171\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Tom Brokaw collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-01-0171"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOriginally donated to the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience at FSU in 2001, the Tom Brokaw Collection is comprised of material sent to Tom Brokaw by World War II veterans before, during and after the publishing of his books, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Greatest Generation \u003c/emph\u003e(1998) and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Greatest Generation Speaks \u003c/emph\u003e(1999).\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eContained within the Tom Brokaw Collection are reminiscences from World War II veterans and those who were alive during the conflict, correspondence written to families back home during the war years, publications from various World War II veterans associations, poems written by veterans and their families commemorating their service in the war, photographs as well as artifacts and ephemera from the war years.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Originally donated to the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience at FSU in 2001, the Tom Brokaw Collection is comprised of material sent to Tom Brokaw by World War II veterans before, during and after the publishing of his books,  The Greatest Generation  (1998) and  The Greatest Generation Speaks  (1999).\n Contained within the Tom Brokaw Collection are reminiscences from World War II veterans and those who were alive during the conflict, correspondence written to families back home during the war years, publications from various World War II veterans associations, poems written by veterans and their families commemorating their service in the war, photographs as well as artifacts and ephemera from the war years."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Tom Brokaw"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Tom Brokaw"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":8743,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"f8f446b15f81524e15fa326b","timestamp":"2026-07-14T02:47:00.113Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/f8f446b15f81524e15fa326b_aspace_120220"}},{"id":"98b1eeaf3fc4c4f85d62c389_aspace_61960","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Witt, Charles E. and Anna K., 1965.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/98b1eeaf3fc4c4f85d62c389_aspace_61960#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_61960","ref_ssm":["aspace_61960","aspace_61960"],"id":"98b1eeaf3fc4c4f85d62c389_aspace_61960","title_filing_ssi":"Witt, Charles E. and Anna K.","title_ssm":["Witt, Charles E. and Anna K."],"title_tesim":["Witt, Charles E. and Anna K."],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1965."],"normalized_date_ssm":["1965."],"normalized_title_ssm":["Witt, Charles E. and Anna K., 1965."],"text":["Witt, Charles E. and Anna K., 1965.","John L. Ducker Collection, 1863-2007","Wills \u0026 Estates, 1952-1991.","Wills, 1952-1990.","Item 1","/repositories/4/archival_objects/45697","box 4","folder 256"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["98b1eeaf3fc4c4f85d62c389","98b1eeaf3fc4c4f85d62c389_aspace_61723","98b1eeaf3fc4c4f85d62c389_aspace_61724"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["John L. Ducker Collection, 1863-2007","Wills \u0026 Estates, 1952-1991.","Wills, 1952-1990."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["John L. Ducker Collection, 1863-2007","Wills \u0026 Estates, 1952-1991.","Wills, 1952-1990."],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["Item 1","/repositories/4/archival_objects/45697"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["John L. Ducker Collection, 1863-2007"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":1893,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"containers_ssim":["box 4","folder 256"],"_nest_path_":"/components#6/components#0/components#116","_nest_parent_":"98b1eeaf3fc4c4f85d62c389_aspace_61724","_root_":"98b1eeaf3fc4c4f85d62c389","_version_":1870857819479080960,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:04:11.988Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"98b1eeaf3fc4c4f85d62c389","title_ssm":["John L. Ducker Collection"],"title_tesim":["John L. Ducker Collection"],"ead_ssi":"98b1eeaf3fc4c4f85d62c389","unitdate_ssm":["1863-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1863-2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.091","/repositories/4/resources/182"],"text":["SC.091","/repositories/4/resources/182","John L. Ducker Collection, 1863-2007","Florida -- Politics and government","Orlando (Fla.)--Politics and Government","Politicians -- Florida","Wills -- Florida","Photographic prints","scrapbooks","The entire collection is open for research.","The collection consists of materials related to former Senator John L. Ducker's personal, professional, and political life. Among these materials are his research files; correspondence, to, from, and about Ducker; newspaper and newsletter clippings pertaining to his interests; certificates and awards he received during his political career; medical documents related to his tumor surgery he underwent in 1977; personal and event photographs from meetings; wills \u0026 estates, the attorney work of John L. Ducker including correspondence between clients, postcards, and will drafts; a scrapbook documents his activities mainly from 1943 to 1970; and ephemeras such as large patch for the Florida State Senate, commemorative copy of the Gettysburg Address, and a plate from the 1968 Republican National Convention held in Miami, Florida.","Former Florida Senator John Lackner Ducker was born in Fort Thomas, Kentucky on September 3, 1922. He received his bachelor's degree in arts from Yale University in 1944, as well as his law degree in 1951; in addition, Ducker also served in the United States Army, eventually achieving the rank of Second Lieutenant, Signal Corps, during World War II. He had an early familiarity with Florida that was owed to his family owning property in Fort Myers in the 1920's and 1930's, and he later maintained a legal practice in Orlando. An active politician on behalf of the Republican Party, Ducker would come to serve in the Florida House of Representatives from 1960-1968 prior to his election to its Senate, on which he remained until 1971. He enjoyed traveling all over the world, he visited every continent including Antarctica. He was a member of the Episcopal Church, Phi Beta Kappa, Orange County Young Republicans Clubs, American Legion, Bar Association of Florida, Sportsmen's Association, Chamber of Commerce, and Boy Scouts. Due to his poor health, he passed away in Longwood, Florida on April 15, 2014. The memorial service was held in Episcopal Church of the Resurrection on May 7, 2014.","Materials were placed in pH neutral folders and boxes.","Processed by Suphi Burak Ogreten, Alexa DeCristofaro, Hannah Baumann, and Megan Humphries; finding aid prepared by Suphi Burak Ogreten","For information on other Florida history collections, please visit our  website.","Series I: Research Files, 1957-2001, includes pamphlets, press releases, invitations, event programs, reports, meeting records, minutes, and miscellaneous documents arranged within their respective subject category.","\nSeries II: Correspondence, 1956-1990, includes incoming and outgoing letters to, from, and about John L. Ducker; incoming letters to the relatives of John L. Ducker; and miscellaneous correspondence.","\nSeries III: Clippings, 1949-1990, includes newspaper, magazine, and newsletter clippings with articles pertaining to the interests of John L. Ducker arranged within their subject category.","\nSeries IV: Certificates, 1946-2007, contains over sixty certificates John L. Ducker received from 1946 to 2007. The items are arranged chronologically by date.","\nSeries V: Medical Documents, 1976-1977, the documents of John L. Ducker's tumor surgery he underwent in 1977, including appointment cards, correspondence between doctors, medical receipts and billing. The documents are arranged chronologically by date.","\nSeries VI: Photographs, 1963-2004, Senator John L. Ducker collected photographic prints over the course of his long career of service to the state of Florida. Individuals include such as Margaret H. Thatcher, Robert Joseph \"Bob\" Dole, Newton Leroy \"Newt\" Gingrich, Norman Schwarzkopf, Mikhail Gorbachev, Louis Sheldon, Claude Kirk, and United States Presidents Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, Ronald Reagan, and George H. W. Bush.","\nSeries VII: Wills and Estates, 1952-1991, the attorney work of John L. Ducker and that is Last Wills and Testaments, but also includes miscellaneous papers, correspondence between clients, postcards and will drafts. The documents are arranged in alphabetical order.","\nSeries VIII: Scrapbook, 1864, 1943-1970, consists of a scrapbook created by John L. Ducker documents his activities mainly from 1943 through 1970; including awards, certificates, clippings, correspondence, and photographs. Items that were loose in the scrapbook have been removed for preservation and placed in acid free envelopes.","\nSeries IX: Ephemera, 1863, 1968, Undated, includes a large patch for the Florida State Senate, commemorative copy of the Gettysburg Address, and a plate from the 1968 Republican National Convention held in Miami, Florida.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","This collection is comprised of research files, correspondence, news clippings, certificates, medical records, photographs, and a scrapbook that belonged to attorney and politician John L. Ducker, who was a member of the Florida House of Representatives from 1960-1968 and the Florida state Senate from 1968-1971. Items in the collection pertain to his personal activities, in addition to his longtime interest in politics, world and local events of the day, as well as legal affairs. John L. Ducker was one of the sponsors of the legislation establishing Florida Technological University (FTU) what is now University of Central Florida (UCF). The entire collection is open for research.","UCF Special Collections","Republican Party (Fla.)","Ducker, John L. (John Lackner), 1922-2014","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC.091","/repositories/4/resources/182"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1863-2007"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John L. Ducker Collection, 1863-2007"],"collection_title_tesim":["John L. Ducker Collection, 1863-2007"],"collection_ssim":["John L. Ducker Collection, 1863-2007"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Florida -- Politics and government"],"geogname_ssim":["Florida -- Politics and government"],"places_ssim":["Florida -- Politics and government"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Stuart R. Ducker donated these materials to the University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives in 2012 (CFM2012_03)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Orlando (Fla.)--Politics and Government","Politicians -- Florida","Wills -- Florida","Photographic prints","scrapbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Orlando (Fla.)--Politics and Government","Politicians -- Florida","Wills -- Florida","Photographic prints","scrapbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6.25 Linear Feet 8 Boxes, 1 Flat File"],"extent_tesim":["6.25 Linear Feet 8 Boxes, 1 Flat File"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographic prints","scrapbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of materials related to former Senator John L. Ducker's personal, professional, and political life. Among these materials are his research files; correspondence, to, from, and about Ducker; newspaper and newsletter clippings pertaining to his interests; certificates and awards he received during his political career; medical documents related to his tumor surgery he underwent in 1977; personal and event photographs from meetings; wills \u0026amp; estates, the attorney work of John L. Ducker including correspondence between clients, postcards, and will drafts; a scrapbook documents his activities mainly from 1943 to 1970; and ephemeras such as large patch for the Florida State Senate, commemorative copy of the Gettysburg Address, and a plate from the 1968 Republican National Convention held in Miami, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection consists of materials related to former Senator John L. Ducker's personal, professional, and political life. Among these materials are his research files; correspondence, to, from, and about Ducker; newspaper and newsletter clippings pertaining to his interests; certificates and awards he received during his political career; medical documents related to his tumor surgery he underwent in 1977; personal and event photographs from meetings; wills \u0026 estates, the attorney work of John L. Ducker including correspondence between clients, postcards, and will drafts; a scrapbook documents his activities mainly from 1943 to 1970; and ephemeras such as large patch for the Florida State Senate, commemorative copy of the Gettysburg Address, and a plate from the 1968 Republican National Convention held in Miami, Florida."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFormer Florida Senator John Lackner Ducker was born in Fort Thomas, Kentucky on September 3, 1922. He received his bachelor's degree in arts from Yale University in 1944, as well as his law degree in 1951; in addition, Ducker also served in the United States Army, eventually achieving the rank of Second Lieutenant, Signal Corps, during World War II. He had an early familiarity with Florida that was owed to his family owning property in Fort Myers in the 1920's and 1930's, and he later maintained a legal practice in Orlando. An active politician on behalf of the Republican Party, Ducker would come to serve in the Florida House of Representatives from 1960-1968 prior to his election to its Senate, on which he remained until 1971. He enjoyed traveling all over the world, he visited every continent including Antarctica. He was a member of the Episcopal Church, Phi Beta Kappa, Orange County Young Republicans Clubs, American Legion, Bar Association of Florida, Sportsmen's Association, Chamber of Commerce, and Boy Scouts. Due to his poor health, he passed away in Longwood, Florida on April 15, 2014. The memorial service was held in Episcopal Church of the Resurrection on May 7, 2014.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Former Florida Senator John Lackner Ducker was born in Fort Thomas, Kentucky on September 3, 1922. He received his bachelor's degree in arts from Yale University in 1944, as well as his law degree in 1951; in addition, Ducker also served in the United States Army, eventually achieving the rank of Second Lieutenant, Signal Corps, during World War II. He had an early familiarity with Florida that was owed to his family owning property in Fort Myers in the 1920's and 1930's, and he later maintained a legal practice in Orlando. An active politician on behalf of the Republican Party, Ducker would come to serve in the Florida House of Representatives from 1960-1968 prior to his election to its Senate, on which he remained until 1971. He enjoyed traveling all over the world, he visited every continent including Antarctica. He was a member of the Episcopal Church, Phi Beta Kappa, Orange County Young Republicans Clubs, American Legion, Bar Association of Florida, Sportsmen's Association, Chamber of Commerce, and Boy Scouts. Due to his poor health, he passed away in Longwood, Florida on April 15, 2014. The memorial service was held in Episcopal Church of the Resurrection on May 7, 2014."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn L. Ducker Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["John L. Ducker Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials were placed in pH neutral folders and boxes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Suphi Burak Ogreten, Alexa DeCristofaro, Hannah Baumann, and Megan Humphries; finding aid prepared by Suphi Burak Ogreten\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Materials were placed in pH neutral folders and boxes.","Processed by Suphi Burak Ogreten, Alexa DeCristofaro, Hannah Baumann, and Megan Humphries; finding aid prepared by Suphi Burak Ogreten"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFor information on other Florida history collections, please visit our \u003cextref href=\"http://library.ucf.edu/about/departments/special-collections-university-archives/special-collections/special-collections-collection-guides/#FloridaHistoryCollections\"\u003ewebsite.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["For information on other Florida history collections, please visit our  website."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Research Files, 1957-2001, includes pamphlets, press releases, invitations, event programs, reports, meeting records, minutes, and miscellaneous documents arranged within their respective subject category.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Correspondence, 1956-1990, includes incoming and outgoing letters to, from, and about John L. Ducker; incoming letters to the relatives of John L. Ducker; and miscellaneous correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Clippings, 1949-1990, includes newspaper, magazine, and newsletter clippings with articles pertaining to the interests of John L. Ducker arranged within their subject category.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Certificates, 1946-2007, contains over sixty certificates John L. Ducker received from 1946 to 2007. The items are arranged chronologically by date.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Medical Documents, 1976-1977, the documents of John L. Ducker's tumor surgery he underwent in 1977, including appointment cards, correspondence between doctors, medical receipts and billing. The documents are arranged chronologically by date.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Photographs, 1963-2004, Senator John L. Ducker collected photographic prints over the course of his long career of service to the state of Florida. Individuals include such as Margaret H. Thatcher, Robert Joseph \"Bob\" Dole, Newton Leroy \"Newt\" Gingrich, Norman Schwarzkopf, Mikhail Gorbachev, Louis Sheldon, Claude Kirk, and United States Presidents Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, Ronald Reagan, and George H. W. Bush.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Wills and Estates, 1952-1991, the attorney work of John L. Ducker and that is Last Wills and Testaments, but also includes miscellaneous papers, correspondence between clients, postcards and will drafts. The documents are arranged in alphabetical order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VIII: Scrapbook, 1864, 1943-1970, consists of a scrapbook created by John L. Ducker documents his activities mainly from 1943 through 1970; including awards, certificates, clippings, correspondence, and photographs. Items that were loose in the scrapbook have been removed for preservation and placed in acid free envelopes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IX: Ephemera, 1863, 1968, Undated, includes a large patch for the Florida State Senate, commemorative copy of the Gettysburg Address, and a plate from the 1968 Republican National Convention held in Miami, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series I: Research Files, 1957-2001, includes pamphlets, press releases, invitations, event programs, reports, meeting records, minutes, and miscellaneous documents arranged within their respective subject category.","\nSeries II: Correspondence, 1956-1990, includes incoming and outgoing letters to, from, and about John L. Ducker; incoming letters to the relatives of John L. Ducker; and miscellaneous correspondence.","\nSeries III: Clippings, 1949-1990, includes newspaper, magazine, and newsletter clippings with articles pertaining to the interests of John L. Ducker arranged within their subject category.","\nSeries IV: Certificates, 1946-2007, contains over sixty certificates John L. Ducker received from 1946 to 2007. The items are arranged chronologically by date.","\nSeries V: Medical Documents, 1976-1977, the documents of John L. Ducker's tumor surgery he underwent in 1977, including appointment cards, correspondence between doctors, medical receipts and billing. The documents are arranged chronologically by date.","\nSeries VI: Photographs, 1963-2004, Senator John L. Ducker collected photographic prints over the course of his long career of service to the state of Florida. Individuals include such as Margaret H. Thatcher, Robert Joseph \"Bob\" Dole, Newton Leroy \"Newt\" Gingrich, Norman Schwarzkopf, Mikhail Gorbachev, Louis Sheldon, Claude Kirk, and United States Presidents Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, Ronald Reagan, and George H. W. Bush.","\nSeries VII: Wills and Estates, 1952-1991, the attorney work of John L. Ducker and that is Last Wills and Testaments, but also includes miscellaneous papers, correspondence between clients, postcards and will drafts. The documents are arranged in alphabetical order.","\nSeries VIII: Scrapbook, 1864, 1943-1970, consists of a scrapbook created by John L. Ducker documents his activities mainly from 1943 through 1970; including awards, certificates, clippings, correspondence, and photographs. Items that were loose in the scrapbook have been removed for preservation and placed in acid free envelopes.","\nSeries IX: Ephemera, 1863, 1968, Undated, includes a large patch for the Florida State Senate, commemorative copy of the Gettysburg Address, and a plate from the 1968 Republican National Convention held in Miami, Florida."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e25267f5790eea3eabda79c0b9c79034\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection is comprised of research files, correspondence, news clippings, certificates, medical records, photographs, and a scrapbook that belonged to attorney and politician John L. Ducker, who was a member of the Florida House of Representatives from 1960-1968 and the Florida state Senate from 1968-1971. Items in the collection pertain to his personal activities, in addition to his longtime interest in politics, world and local events of the day, as well as legal affairs. John L. Ducker was one of the sponsors of the legislation establishing Florida Technological University (FTU) what is now University of Central Florida (UCF). The entire collection is open for research.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection is comprised of research files, correspondence, news clippings, certificates, medical records, photographs, and a scrapbook that belonged to attorney and politician John L. Ducker, who was a member of the Florida House of Representatives from 1960-1968 and the Florida state Senate from 1968-1971. Items in the collection pertain to his personal activities, in addition to his longtime interest in politics, world and local events of the day, as well as legal affairs. John L. Ducker was one of the sponsors of the legislation establishing Florida Technological University (FTU) what is now University of Central Florida (UCF). The entire collection is open for research."],"names_coll_ssim":["Republican Party (Fla.)","Ducker, John L. (John Lackner), 1922-2014"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Republican Party (Fla.)","Ducker, John L. (John Lackner), 1922-2014"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Republican Party (Fla.)"],"persname_ssim":["Ducker, John L. 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