{"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?page=64474\u0026view=compact","prev":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?page=64473\u0026view=compact","next":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?page=64475\u0026view=compact","last":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?page=65767\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":64474,"next_page":64475,"prev_page":64473,"total_pages":65767,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":644730,"total_count":657669,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"998ae1dfeac58871a130992b_aspace_0c8f545ad704656125418e2c4403e871","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Will Flowers - FAMU Biologist, 1989 July 17","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/998ae1dfeac58871a130992b_aspace_0c8f545ad704656125418e2c4403e871#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003ePhotographs for a Sunday profile about Flowers and Costa Rica national park.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/998ae1dfeac58871a130992b_aspace_0c8f545ad704656125418e2c4403e871#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_0c8f545ad704656125418e2c4403e871","ref_ssm":["aspace_0c8f545ad704656125418e2c4403e871","aspace_0c8f545ad704656125418e2c4403e871"],"id":"998ae1dfeac58871a130992b_aspace_0c8f545ad704656125418e2c4403e871","title_filing_ssi":"Will Flowers - FAMU Biologist","title_ssm":["Will Flowers - FAMU Biologist"],"title_tesim":["Will Flowers - FAMU Biologist"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1989 July 17"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1989 July 17"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Will Flowers - FAMU Biologist, 1989 July 17"],"text":["Will Flowers - FAMU Biologist, 1989 July 17","Mark Wallheiser Photographic Collection, 1980-2024","Negatives, 1980-2004","Box 6","/repositories/10/archival_objects/239106","box 6","Photographs for a Sunday profile about Flowers and Costa Rica national park."],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["998ae1dfeac58871a130992b","998ae1dfeac58871a130992b_aspace_558164c2217b036c21bcfa52c37f4950","998ae1dfeac58871a130992b_aspace_a2d9ab02bb87cfcb6edc20d2ffd6ab43"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Mark Wallheiser Photographic Collection, 1980-2024","Negatives, 1980-2004","Box 6"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Mark Wallheiser Photographic Collection, 1980-2024","Negatives, 1980-2004","Box 6"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/10/archival_objects/239106"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Mark Wallheiser Photographic Collection, 1980-2024"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":2089,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Boxes 1-32 and 35 of this collection are open to all researchers.","Boxes 33 and 34 are restricted. 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Access will be reviewed upon request by curators, screening for confidential or sensitive information. Contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information about access to these materials.","All boxes may be accessed by researchers upon request at the Claude Pepper Library.","Mark Wallheiser was a staff photographer at the Tallahassee Democrat from 1981 to 2008, and a freelancer from 2008 to 2025. He was known for his coverage of natural disasters, high school and collegiate athletics, and American politics.","He graduated from Western Kentucky University where he initially majored in English before switching to multimedia. he left Tennessee for Alabama to work for the Montgomery Advertiser in 1978.","The Society for Professional Journalism named him Florida News Photographer of the Year in 1989. After multiple individual Pulitzer Prize nominations, Wallheiser was part of a team that won the 2006 Pulitzer Prize in Public Service covering Hurricane Katrina. He was nominated again for a Pulitzer Prize for an image he captured of Donald Trump at a rally in Mobile, Alabama.\nHis work was featured on the cover of the Washington Post, the New York Times, USA Today and in other media outlets.","Wallheiser retired from FAMU-FSU College of Engineering in December 2023.","Wallheiser, 72, died of cancer on May 15, 2026.","Sources:","https://www.markwallheiser.com/","William L. Hatfield. (May 16, 2026). A life behind the lens: Local Pulitzer-winning photographer and mentor dies.  Tallahassee Democrat .  https://www.tallahassee.com/story/news/2026/05/16/pulitzer-winning-photojournalist-mark-wallheiser-dies-tallahassee-photos/90108314007/","This collection does not have a box 31.","Mark Wallheiser Photography.  https://www.markwallheiser.com/ \nat the Internet Archive:  https://wayback.archive-it.org/31388/*/https://www.markwallheiser.com/","Digital images, film negatives, and photographic prints documenting the photography career of Mark Wallheiser. Major topics include: Florida State University athletics and campus life; Florida A\u0026M University athletics; National Football League; 2000 US Presidential Election events in Florida; North Florida scenes and locations; and Wallheiser's Pulitzer-nominated photo essays on crack cocaine use in Tallahassee and Hurricane Katrina.","Portions of this collection include graphic depictions of drug use, the aftermath of natural disasters, and human remains. Some content may be traumatic to researchers and difficult to view. See our full Statement on Potentially Harmful Content here:  https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/potentially-harmful-content-statement","Selected images from this collection have been digitized and are available through  PASS .","Copyright in images created by Wallheiser are held by the Wallheiser estate.","Re-use or copying of these works beyond Fair Use may require permission from the rights-holder. For more information, contact Special Collections \u0026 Archives staff at lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SCA 2024-008","/repositories/10/resources/2668"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1980-2024"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mark Wallheiser Photographic Collection, 1980-2024"],"collection_title_tesim":["Mark Wallheiser Photographic Collection, 1980-2024"],"collection_ssim":["Mark Wallheiser Photographic Collection, 1980-2024"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright in images created by Wallheiser are held by the Wallheiser estate.","Re-use or copying of these works beyond Fair Use may require permission from the rights-holder. For more information, contact Special Collections \u0026 Archives staff at lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Property rights transfer and copyright license executed by SCA Deed of Gift, March 28, 2023.","Negatives, prints, and optical disks transported to FSU Libraries on April 30, 2024.","Transfer of additional digital images expected in May 2024."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["30 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["30 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBoxes 1-32 and 35 of this collection are open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoxes 33 and 34 are restricted. Access will be reviewed upon request by curators, screening for confidential or sensitive information. 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He was known for his coverage of natural disasters, high school and collegiate athletics, and American politics.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe graduated from Western Kentucky University where he initially majored in English before switching to multimedia. he left Tennessee for Alabama to work for the Montgomery Advertiser in 1978.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Society for Professional Journalism named him Florida News Photographer of the Year in 1989. After multiple individual Pulitzer Prize nominations, Wallheiser was part of a team that won the 2006 Pulitzer Prize in Public Service covering Hurricane Katrina. He was nominated again for a Pulitzer Prize for an image he captured of Donald Trump at a rally in Mobile, Alabama.\nHis work was featured on the cover of the Washington Post, the New York Times, USA Today and in other media outlets.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWallheiser retired from FAMU-FSU College of Engineering in December 2023.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWallheiser, 72, died of cancer on May 15, 2026.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"https://www.markwallheiser.com/\"\u003ehttps://www.markwallheiser.com/\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam L. Hatfield. (May 16, 2026). A life behind the lens: Local Pulitzer-winning photographer and mentor dies. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTallahassee Democrat\u003c/emph\u003e. \u003cextref href=\"https://www.tallahassee.com/story/news/2026/05/16/pulitzer-winning-photojournalist-mark-wallheiser-dies-tallahassee-photos/90108314007/\"\u003ehttps://www.tallahassee.com/story/news/2026/05/16/pulitzer-winning-photojournalist-mark-wallheiser-dies-tallahassee-photos/90108314007/\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Mark Wallheiser was a staff photographer at the Tallahassee Democrat from 1981 to 2008, and a freelancer from 2008 to 2025. He was known for his coverage of natural disasters, high school and collegiate athletics, and American politics.","He graduated from Western Kentucky University where he initially majored in English before switching to multimedia. he left Tennessee for Alabama to work for the Montgomery Advertiser in 1978.","The Society for Professional Journalism named him Florida News Photographer of the Year in 1989. After multiple individual Pulitzer Prize nominations, Wallheiser was part of a team that won the 2006 Pulitzer Prize in Public Service covering Hurricane Katrina. He was nominated again for a Pulitzer Prize for an image he captured of Donald Trump at a rally in Mobile, Alabama.\nHis work was featured on the cover of the Washington Post, the New York Times, USA Today and in other media outlets.","Wallheiser retired from FAMU-FSU College of Engineering in December 2023.","Wallheiser, 72, died of cancer on May 15, 2026.","Sources:","https://www.markwallheiser.com/","William L. Hatfield. (May 16, 2026). A life behind the lens: Local Pulitzer-winning photographer and mentor dies.  Tallahassee Democrat .  https://www.tallahassee.com/story/news/2026/05/16/pulitzer-winning-photojournalist-mark-wallheiser-dies-tallahassee-photos/90108314007/"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Mark Wallheiser Photographic Collection, SCA 2024-008, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida. http://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/SCA-2024-008\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Mark Wallheiser Photographic Collection, SCA 2024-008, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida. http://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/SCA-2024-008"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection does not have a box 31.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection does not have a box 31."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMark Wallheiser Photography. \u003cextref href=\"https://www.markwallheiser.com/\"\u003ehttps://www.markwallheiser.com/\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\nat the Internet Archive: \u003cextref href=\"https://wayback.archive-it.org/31388/*/https://www.markwallheiser.com/\"\u003ehttps://wayback.archive-it.org/31388/*/https://www.markwallheiser.com/\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Mark Wallheiser Photography.  https://www.markwallheiser.com/ \nat the Internet Archive:  https://wayback.archive-it.org/31388/*/https://www.markwallheiser.com/"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigital images, film negatives, and photographic prints documenting the photography career of Mark Wallheiser. Major topics include: Florida State University athletics and campus life; Florida A\u0026amp;M University athletics; National Football League; 2000 US Presidential Election events in Florida; North Florida scenes and locations; and Wallheiser's Pulitzer-nominated photo essays on crack cocaine use in Tallahassee and Hurricane Katrina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePortions of this collection include graphic depictions of drug use, the aftermath of natural disasters, and human remains. Some content may be traumatic to researchers and difficult to view. See our full Statement on Potentially Harmful Content here: \u003cextref href=\"https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/potentially-harmful-content-statement\"\u003ehttps://repository.lib.fsu.edu/potentially-harmful-content-statement\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSelected images from this collection have been digitized and are available through \u003cextref href=\"http://pass.lib.fsu.edu/#Mark_Wallheiser_Photographic_Collection_2024-008/\"\u003ePASS\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Potentially Harmful Content","Online Copies Available"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Digital images, film negatives, and photographic prints documenting the photography career of Mark Wallheiser. Major topics include: Florida State University athletics and campus life; Florida A\u0026M University athletics; National Football League; 2000 US Presidential Election events in Florida; North Florida scenes and locations; and Wallheiser's Pulitzer-nominated photo essays on crack cocaine use in Tallahassee and Hurricane Katrina.","Portions of this collection include graphic depictions of drug use, the aftermath of natural disasters, and human remains. Some content may be traumatic to researchers and difficult to view. See our full Statement on Potentially Harmful Content here:  https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/potentially-harmful-content-statement","Selected images from this collection have been digitized and are available through  PASS ."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright in images created by Wallheiser are held by the Wallheiser estate.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRe-use or copying of these works beyond Fair Use may require permission from the rights-holder. For more information, contact Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives staff at lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright in images created by Wallheiser are held by the Wallheiser estate.","Re-use or copying of these works beyond Fair Use may require permission from the rights-holder. For more information, contact Special Collections \u0026 Archives staff at lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":5345,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1877107886885175296,"_root_":"998ae1dfeac58871a130992b","timestamp":"2026-09-23T07:46:20.757Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/998ae1dfeac58871a130992b_aspace_0c8f545ad704656125418e2c4403e871"}},{"id":"f8f446b15f81524e15fa326b_aspace_132658","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Willford, Eldora","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/f8f446b15f81524e15fa326b_aspace_132658#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eMember of the Greatest Generation writes about her pride in her generation, and mentions her brothers who served in the military during the war.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/f8f446b15f81524e15fa326b_aspace_132658#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_132658","ref_ssm":["aspace_132658","aspace_132658"],"id":"f8f446b15f81524e15fa326b_aspace_132658","title_filing_ssi":"Willford, Eldora","title_ssm":["Willford, Eldora"],"title_tesim":["Willford, Eldora"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Willford, Eldora"],"text":["Willford, Eldora","Tom Brokaw collection, 1941-1997, bulk 1998-2007","Veterans Mail","Folder 13","/repositories/10/archival_objects/16178","box 101","folder 13","Member of the Greatest Generation writes about her pride in her generation, and mentions her brothers who served in the military during the war."],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["f8f446b15f81524e15fa326b","f8f446b15f81524e15fa326b_aspace_101694"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Tom Brokaw collection, 1941-1997, bulk 1998-2007","Veterans Mail"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Tom Brokaw collection, 1941-1997, bulk 1998-2007","Veterans Mail"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 13","/repositories/10/archival_objects/16178"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Tom Brokaw collection, 1941-1997, bulk 1998-2007"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":3438,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"containers_ssim":["box 101","folder 13"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMember of the Greatest Generation writes about her pride in her generation, and mentions her brothers who served in the military during the war.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Member of the Greatest Generation writes about her pride in her generation, and mentions her brothers who served in the military during the war."],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#2200","_nest_parent_":"f8f446b15f81524e15fa326b_aspace_101694","_root_":"f8f446b15f81524e15fa326b","timestamp":"2026-07-14T02:47:00.113Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"f8f446b15f81524e15fa326b","title_ssm":["Tom Brokaw collection"],"title_tesim":["Tom Brokaw collection"],"ead_ssi":"f8f446b15f81524e15fa326b","unitdate_ssm":["1941-1997","1998-2007"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1998-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1941-1997"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["01.0171","/repositories/10/resources/37"],"text":["01.0171","/repositories/10/resources/37","Tom Brokaw collection, 1941-1997, bulk 1998-2007","This collection is open to all researchers.","The Tom Brokaw Collection is arranged within ten separate series. Series one through seven and nine and ten are arranged alphabetically while series eight is arranged chronologically and alphabetically within the series.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","Originally donated to the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience at FSU in 2001, the Tom Brokaw Collection is comprised of material sent to Tom Brokaw by World War II veterans before, during and after the publishing of his books,  The Greatest Generation  (1998) and  The Greatest Generation Speaks  (1999).\n Contained within the Tom Brokaw Collection are reminiscences from World War II veterans and those who were alive during the conflict, correspondence written to families back home during the war years, publications from various World War II veterans associations, poems written by veterans and their families commemorating their service in the war, photographs as well as artifacts and ephemera from the war years.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Tom Brokaw","English"],"unitid_tesim":["01.0171","/repositories/10/resources/37"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1941-1997, bulk 1998-2007"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Tom Brokaw collection, 1941-1997, bulk 1998-2007"],"collection_title_tesim":["Tom Brokaw collection, 1941-1997, bulk 1998-2007"],"collection_ssim":["Tom Brokaw collection, 1941-1997, bulk 1998-2007"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Tom Brokaw"],"creator_ssim":["Tom Brokaw"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Tom Brokaw"],"creators_ssim":["Tom Brokaw"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["120.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["120.00 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Tom Brokaw Collection is arranged within ten separate series. Series one through seven and nine and ten are arranged alphabetically while series eight is arranged chronologically and alphabetically within the series.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Tom Brokaw Collection is arranged within ten separate series. Series one through seven and nine and ten are arranged alphabetically while series eight is arranged chronologically and alphabetically within the series."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Tom Brokaw collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-01-0171\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Tom Brokaw collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-01-0171"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOriginally donated to the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience at FSU in 2001, the Tom Brokaw Collection is comprised of material sent to Tom Brokaw by World War II veterans before, during and after the publishing of his books, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Greatest Generation \u003c/emph\u003e(1998) and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Greatest Generation Speaks \u003c/emph\u003e(1999).\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eContained within the Tom Brokaw Collection are reminiscences from World War II veterans and those who were alive during the conflict, correspondence written to families back home during the war years, publications from various World War II veterans associations, poems written by veterans and their families commemorating their service in the war, photographs as well as artifacts and ephemera from the war years.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Originally donated to the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience at FSU in 2001, the Tom Brokaw Collection is comprised of material sent to Tom Brokaw by World War II veterans before, during and after the publishing of his books,  The Greatest Generation  (1998) and  The Greatest Generation Speaks  (1999).\n Contained within the Tom Brokaw Collection are reminiscences from World War II veterans and those who were alive during the conflict, correspondence written to families back home during the war years, publications from various World War II veterans associations, poems written by veterans and their families commemorating their service in the war, photographs as well as artifacts and ephemera from the war years."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Tom Brokaw"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Tom Brokaw"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":8743,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"f8f446b15f81524e15fa326b","timestamp":"2026-07-14T02:47:00.113Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/f8f446b15f81524e15fa326b_aspace_132658"}},{"id":"f65de70f71bea1e45762d5a2_aspace_26158","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Will George Bush anuthing about unemployment ?, 1991-09-10","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/f65de70f71bea1e45762d5a2_aspace_26158#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_26158","ref_ssm":["aspace_26158","aspace_26158"],"id":"f65de70f71bea1e45762d5a2_aspace_26158","title_filing_ssi":"Will George Bush anuthing about unemployment ?","title_ssm":["Will George Bush anuthing about unemployment ?"],"title_tesim":["Will George Bush anuthing about unemployment ?"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1991-09-10"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1991-09-10"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Will George Bush anuthing about unemployment ?, 1991-09-10"],"text":["Will George Bush anuthing about unemployment ?, 1991-09-10","Lawrence J. Smith Papers, 1983-1992","Box 2","Folder 73","/repositories/2/archival_objects/61168","folder 73"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["f65de70f71bea1e45762d5a2","f65de70f71bea1e45762d5a2_aspace_26085"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Lawrence J. Smith Papers, 1983-1992","Box 2"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Lawrence J. Smith Papers, 1983-1992","Box 2"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Other level"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 73","/repositories/2/archival_objects/61168"],"repository_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Lawrence J. Smith Papers, 1983-1992"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":347,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"containers_ssim":["folder 73"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#72","_nest_parent_":"f65de70f71bea1e45762d5a2_aspace_26085","_root_":"f65de70f71bea1e45762d5a2","_version_":1870844749079904256,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T04:36:27.157Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"f65de70f71bea1e45762d5a2","title_ssm":["Lawrence J. Smith Papers"],"title_tesim":["Lawrence J. Smith Papers"],"ead_ssi":"f65de70f71bea1e45762d5a2","unitdate_ssm":["1983-1992"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1983-1992"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SPC501","/repositories/2/resources/72"],"text":["SPC501","/repositories/2/resources/72","Lawrence J. Smith Papers, 1983-1992","The collection is open for research.","The contents are arranged in chronological order.","Lawrence J. Smith was born on April 25, 1941, and was a former member of the United States House of Representatives from Florida. He attended New York University in New York City from 1958 to 1961, where he graduated with a Bachelor of Laws and a J.D. from Brooklyn Law School in 1964. From 1974 until 1978, he was chairman of the Hollywood Planning and Zoning Board and from 1978 until 1982, he served in the Florida House of Representatives 96th district. In the following election, he served in Florida's 16th District as part of the Florida House of Representatives from 1983-1993.","This collection contains personal letters and documents from Lawrence J. Smith, a former United States House of Representative from Florida. Some of these letters relate directly to Middle-East policy before and after the 1991 Persian Gulf War, such as sells of arms to Kuwait, and actions of sanctions against Iraq for its attack on Israel. Additional documents and letters depict policy towards Soviet and Central and South American immigration, NRA policy, and enforcement/crackdown of illegal narcotics.","Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general","FIU Special Collections","Smith, Lawrence J.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SPC501","/repositories/2/resources/72"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1983-1992"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lawrence J. Smith Papers, 1983-1992"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lawrence J. Smith Papers, 1983-1992"],"collection_ssim":["Lawrence J. Smith Papers, 1983-1992"],"repository_ssm":["FIU Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Smith, Lawrence J."],"creator_ssim":["Smith, Lawrence J."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Smith, Lawrence J."],"creators_ssim":["Smith, Lawrence J."],"access_terms_ssm":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donation"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["27.00 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["27.00 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe contents are arranged in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The contents are arranged in chronological order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLawrence J. Smith was born on April 25, 1941, and was a former member of the United States House of Representatives from Florida. He attended New York University in New York City from 1958 to 1961, where he graduated with a Bachelor of Laws and a J.D. from Brooklyn Law School in 1964. From 1974 until 1978, he was chairman of the Hollywood Planning and Zoning Board and from 1978 until 1982, he served in the Florida House of Representatives 96th district. In the following election, he served in Florida's 16th District as part of the Florida House of Representatives from 1983-1993.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Lawrence J. Smith was born on April 25, 1941, and was a former member of the United States House of Representatives from Florida. He attended New York University in New York City from 1958 to 1961, where he graduated with a Bachelor of Laws and a J.D. from Brooklyn Law School in 1964. From 1974 until 1978, he was chairman of the Hollywood Planning and Zoning Board and from 1978 until 1982, he served in the Florida House of Representatives 96th district. In the following election, he served in Florida's 16th District as part of the Florida House of Representatives from 1983-1993."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains personal letters and documents from Lawrence J. Smith, a former United States House of Representative from Florida. Some of these letters relate directly to Middle-East policy before and after the 1991 Persian Gulf War, such as sells of arms to Kuwait, and actions of sanctions against Iraq for its attack on Israel. Additional documents and letters depict policy towards Soviet and Central and South American immigration, NRA policy, and enforcement/crackdown of illegal narcotics.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains personal letters and documents from Lawrence J. Smith, a former United States House of Representative from Florida. Some of these letters relate directly to Middle-East policy before and after the 1991 Persian Gulf War, such as sells of arms to Kuwait, and actions of sanctions against Iraq for its attack on Israel. Additional documents and letters depict policy towards Soviet and Central and South American immigration, NRA policy, and enforcement/crackdown of illegal narcotics."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections \u0026amp; University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"names_ssim":["FIU Special Collections","Smith, Lawrence J."],"corpname_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Smith, Lawrence J."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2399,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870844749079904256,"_root_":"f65de70f71bea1e45762d5a2","timestamp":"2026-07-16T04:36:27.157Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/f65de70f71bea1e45762d5a2_aspace_26158"}},{"id":"cca5a1d5a68332202957d1b9_aspace_154701","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Will G. Gordon Liddy, January 1982","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/cca5a1d5a68332202957d1b9_aspace_154701#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_154701","ref_ssm":["aspace_154701","aspace_154701"],"id":"cca5a1d5a68332202957d1b9_aspace_154701","title_filing_ssi":"Will G. Gordon Liddy","title_ssm":["Will G. Gordon Liddy"],"title_tesim":["Will G. Gordon Liddy"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["January 1982"],"normalized_date_ssm":["January 1982"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Will G. Gordon Liddy, January 1982"],"text":["Will G. Gordon Liddy, January 1982","Dr. Thomas William Hoffer Papers, 1920-2005","Professional Papers, 1965-2005","Research Files, 1925-2001","Folder 11","/repositories/10/archival_objects/71147","box 277","folder 11"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["cca5a1d5a68332202957d1b9","cca5a1d5a68332202957d1b9_aspace_152112","cca5a1d5a68332202957d1b9_aspace_153915"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Dr. Thomas William Hoffer Papers, 1920-2005","Professional Papers, 1965-2005","Research Files, 1925-2001"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Dr. Thomas William Hoffer Papers, 1920-2005","Professional Papers, 1965-2005","Research Files, 1925-2001"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 11","/repositories/10/archival_objects/71147"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. Thomas William Hoffer Papers, 1920-2005"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":2304,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. ","Boxes 1-181 are in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.","Boxes 182-397 may be accessed at the Claude Pepper Library."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"containers_ssim":["box 277","folder 11"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#2/components#767","_nest_parent_":"cca5a1d5a68332202957d1b9_aspace_153915","_root_":"cca5a1d5a68332202957d1b9","_version_":1870859149381730304,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:25:20.261Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"cca5a1d5a68332202957d1b9","title_ssm":["Dr. Thomas William Hoffer Papers"],"title_tesim":["Dr. Thomas William Hoffer Papers"],"ead_ssi":"cca5a1d5a68332202957d1b9","unitdate_ssm":["1920-2005"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1920-2005"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 2008-024","/repositories/10/resources/623"],"text":["MSS 2008-024","/repositories/10/resources/623","Dr. Thomas William Hoffer Papers, 1920-2005","Apalachicola (Fla.)","Franklin County (Fla.)","Bibliography","Animation","Broadcasting.","Campaign speeches","Cancer--Treatment.","Censorship.","Copyright.","Digital media.","Mass media.","Motion picture industry.","Obscenity (Law)","Pirate radio broadcasting","Political analysis","Political campaigns","Political parties.","Religion and politics","Radio broadcasting--United States--History","Motion picture plays.","Television authorship","Television--Production and direction","United States. Federal Communications Commission.","Vietnam War, 1961-1975","Clippings (Books, newspapers, etc.)","Manuscripts","Correspondence","Books","Collection is open to all researchers. ","Boxes 1-181 are in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.","Boxes 182-397 may be accessed at the Claude Pepper Library.","Dr. Thomas William Hoffer was born on May 31, 1938, in Toledo, Iowa, the son of Martin H. and Margaret K. (Plum) Hoffer. Hoffer attended Toledo High School, graduating in 1955. Later that year, he enrolled at the State University of Iowa, where he earned his B.A. in 1960. Following his college graduation, Hoffer briefly worked at WITI-TV, a Milwaukee, WI television station, from 1960 to 1961.\n In 1961, Hoffer enrolled in Officer Candidate School in Newport, RI. Later year, he was stationed at the US Naval Base at Yokosuka Bay, Japan. Hoffer served on the USS Bon Homme Richard, nicknamed the \"Bonnie Dick.\" On board, Hoffer served in the Communications Department from 1961 to 1963; he also became part of the newly re-structured US Naval Communications State at Yokosuka. He was promoted to Lieutenant (junior grade), served in the Pacific from 1961 until 1964, and retired from active duty in order to enroll at the University of Wisconsin, Madison (Hoffer remained in the Naval Reserves for several more years). His service during that time included an assignment in Vietnam. He received the Vietnam Service Medal and the Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal, and was honorably discharged at the rank of Lieutenant Commander.  Hoffer retired from active duty in 1964, but remained a member of the US Naval Reserve Program, assigned to the Ninth Naval District in Great Lakes, Illinois. He served two weeks of active duty in 1968 aboard the USS Wright, while still in graduate school at the University of Wisconsin, as a Radio-Television Officer and was eventually promoted to Lieutenant Commander and Supply Officer.\n Hoffer attended the University of Wisconsin in 1964, where he earned a Masters Degree in Speech Communication in 1969. His M.A. thesis was \"Norman Baker and American Broadcasting.\" Hoffer continued his doctoral studies at the University of Wisconsin, focusing on film and mass communication. He majored in Communication Arts, and minored in Journalism. Hoffer completed his doctorate in 1972. From 1972 until his retirement in 1996, Hoffer was a professor in the Department of Communication at Florida State University (FSU). He was particularly interested in mass media, photojournalism, and documentary film, and taught classes in documentary film making before the establishment of the FSU Film School. When he retired in 1996, he became the founding publisher of The Franklin Chronicle, a local newspaper distributed in Franklin, Gulf, and Wakulla counties. He died in Tallahassee on December 9, 2006.","Portions of collection available online?: No","Processed by Claude Pepper Library staff, Summer 2009-Fall 2010.","Thomas William Hoffer. (1969). Norman Baker and American Broadcasting (thesis).  https://search.library.wisc.edu/catalog/999822730802121","Hoffer Florida Primary collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.","Wilkinson Collection on Thomas Hoffer, MSS 2021-004, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida.  https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS_2021-004","Selected issues of the  Franklin County Chronicle  and  Franklin Chronicle  are accessible through the University of Florida Digital Collections:","Franklin County Chronicle , 1992-1996:","http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00089927","Franklin Chronicle , 1994-2008:","http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00089928","The Thomas William Hoffer Papers consists of a wide variety of personal and professional materials created and collected by this prolific and creative educator. Personal papers are organized into correspondence with friends and colleagues, research files for his Norman Baker M.A. Thesis and Vietnam dissertation, materials related to the operations of the Franklin County Chronicle, family files, and military activities.\n Professional files are organized into correspondence and subject files, parts of which give researchers particular insight into film studies at FSU before the establishment of the university's film school; professional writings, particularly materials used in developing his animation publication, teaching materials on documentary film making, research files, and student files. There is an extensive collection of audiocassettes and videotapes documenting his teaching and research activities as an instructor at Florida State University, and recordings of speakers at various events and meetings of the Franklin County Commission on such topics as aquaculture and other environmental issues that impacted the growth of Franklin County, FL.\n \tWithin his teaching materials are a large set of card index files to Variety and Motion Picture World his students compiled as a project to study the history of film making in the United States.","Select materials from the Hoffer Papers have been digitized and are available through the  FSU Digital Library .","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","Professional and personal files of Dr. Thomas William Hoffer, documenting his prolific and creative activities in animation studies, broadcasting, communication education, and documentary production.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","American Medical Association","Hoffer, Thomas William, 1938-2006","Armstrong, Garner Ted","Baker, Norman, 1882-1958","Hargis, Billy James, 1925-","Nelson, Richard Alan, 1947-","Roberts, Oral, 1918-2009","Wills, James","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 2008-024","/repositories/10/resources/623"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1920-2005"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dr. Thomas William Hoffer Papers, 1920-2005"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dr. Thomas William Hoffer Papers, 1920-2005"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. Thomas William Hoffer Papers, 1920-2005"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Apalachicola (Fla.)","Franklin County (Fla.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Apalachicola (Fla.)","Franklin County (Fla.)"],"creator_ssm":["Hoffer, Thomas William, 1938-2006"],"creator_ssim":["Hoffer, Thomas William, 1938-2006"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hoffer, Thomas William, 1938-2006"],"creators_ssim":["Hoffer, Thomas William, 1938-2006"],"places_ssim":["Apalachicola (Fla.)","Franklin County (Fla.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Hoffer Papers were acquired by Deed of Gift from Gary Heald and Richard Alan Nelson, Hoffer's executors."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Bibliography","Animation","Broadcasting.","Campaign speeches","Cancer--Treatment.","Censorship.","Copyright.","Digital media.","Mass media.","Motion picture industry.","Obscenity (Law)","Pirate radio broadcasting","Political analysis","Political campaigns","Political parties.","Religion and politics","Radio broadcasting--United States--History","Motion picture plays.","Television authorship","Television--Production and direction","United States. Federal Communications Commission.","Vietnam War, 1961-1975","Clippings (Books, newspapers, etc.)","Manuscripts","Correspondence","Books"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Bibliography","Animation","Broadcasting.","Campaign speeches","Cancer--Treatment.","Censorship.","Copyright.","Digital media.","Mass media.","Motion picture industry.","Obscenity (Law)","Pirate radio broadcasting","Political analysis","Political campaigns","Political parties.","Religion and politics","Radio broadcasting--United States--History","Motion picture plays.","Television authorship","Television--Production and direction","United States. Federal Communications Commission.","Vietnam War, 1961-1975","Clippings (Books, newspapers, etc.)","Manuscripts","Correspondence","Books"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["172.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["172.00 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Clippings (Books, newspapers, etc.)","Manuscripts","Correspondence","Books"],"date_range_isim":[1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoxes 1-181 are in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoxes 182-397 may be accessed at the Claude Pepper Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. ","Boxes 1-181 are in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.","Boxes 182-397 may be accessed at the Claude Pepper Library."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Thomas William Hoffer was born on May 31, 1938, in Toledo, Iowa, the son of Martin H. and Margaret K. (Plum) Hoffer. Hoffer attended Toledo High School, graduating in 1955. Later that year, he enrolled at the State University of Iowa, where he earned his B.A. in 1960. Following his college graduation, Hoffer briefly worked at WITI-TV, a Milwaukee, WI television station, from 1960 to 1961.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn 1961, Hoffer enrolled in Officer Candidate School in Newport, RI. Later year, he was stationed at the US Naval Base at Yokosuka Bay, Japan. Hoffer served on the USS Bon Homme Richard, nicknamed the \"Bonnie Dick.\" On board, Hoffer served in the Communications Department from 1961 to 1963; he also became part of the newly re-structured US Naval Communications State at Yokosuka. He was promoted to Lieutenant (junior grade), served in the Pacific from 1961 until 1964, and retired from active duty in order to enroll at the University of Wisconsin, Madison (Hoffer remained in the Naval Reserves for several more years). His service during that time included an assignment in Vietnam. He received the Vietnam Service Medal and the Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal, and was honorably discharged at the rank of Lieutenant Commander. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHoffer retired from active duty in 1964, but remained a member of the US Naval Reserve Program, assigned to the Ninth Naval District in Great Lakes, Illinois. He served two weeks of active duty in 1968 aboard the USS Wright, while still in graduate school at the University of Wisconsin, as a Radio-Television Officer and was eventually promoted to Lieutenant Commander and Supply Officer.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHoffer attended the University of Wisconsin in 1964, where he earned a Masters Degree in Speech Communication in 1969. His M.A. thesis was \"Norman Baker and American Broadcasting.\" Hoffer continued his doctoral studies at the University of Wisconsin, focusing on film and mass communication. He majored in Communication Arts, and minored in Journalism. Hoffer completed his doctorate in 1972. From 1972 until his retirement in 1996, Hoffer was a professor in the Department of Communication at Florida State University (FSU). He was particularly interested in mass media, photojournalism, and documentary film, and taught classes in documentary film making before the establishment of the FSU Film School. When he retired in 1996, he became the founding publisher of The Franklin Chronicle, a local newspaper distributed in Franklin, Gulf, and Wakulla counties. He died in Tallahassee on December 9, 2006.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. Thomas William Hoffer was born on May 31, 1938, in Toledo, Iowa, the son of Martin H. and Margaret K. (Plum) Hoffer. Hoffer attended Toledo High School, graduating in 1955. Later that year, he enrolled at the State University of Iowa, where he earned his B.A. in 1960. Following his college graduation, Hoffer briefly worked at WITI-TV, a Milwaukee, WI television station, from 1960 to 1961.\n In 1961, Hoffer enrolled in Officer Candidate School in Newport, RI. Later year, he was stationed at the US Naval Base at Yokosuka Bay, Japan. Hoffer served on the USS Bon Homme Richard, nicknamed the \"Bonnie Dick.\" On board, Hoffer served in the Communications Department from 1961 to 1963; he also became part of the newly re-structured US Naval Communications State at Yokosuka. He was promoted to Lieutenant (junior grade), served in the Pacific from 1961 until 1964, and retired from active duty in order to enroll at the University of Wisconsin, Madison (Hoffer remained in the Naval Reserves for several more years). His service during that time included an assignment in Vietnam. He received the Vietnam Service Medal and the Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal, and was honorably discharged at the rank of Lieutenant Commander.  Hoffer retired from active duty in 1964, but remained a member of the US Naval Reserve Program, assigned to the Ninth Naval District in Great Lakes, Illinois. He served two weeks of active duty in 1968 aboard the USS Wright, while still in graduate school at the University of Wisconsin, as a Radio-Television Officer and was eventually promoted to Lieutenant Commander and Supply Officer.\n Hoffer attended the University of Wisconsin in 1964, where he earned a Masters Degree in Speech Communication in 1969. His M.A. thesis was \"Norman Baker and American Broadcasting.\" Hoffer continued his doctoral studies at the University of Wisconsin, focusing on film and mass communication. He majored in Communication Arts, and minored in Journalism. Hoffer completed his doctorate in 1972. From 1972 until his retirement in 1996, Hoffer was a professor in the Department of Communication at Florida State University (FSU). He was particularly interested in mass media, photojournalism, and documentary film, and taught classes in documentary film making before the establishment of the FSU Film School. When he retired in 1996, he became the founding publisher of The Franklin Chronicle, a local newspaper distributed in Franklin, Gulf, and Wakulla counties. He died in Tallahassee on December 9, 2006."],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePortions of collection available online?: No\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Originals"],"originalsloc_tesim":["Portions of collection available online?: No"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], Thomas William Hoffer Papers, Claude Pepper Library, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/MSS_2008-024\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/MSS_2008-024\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], Thomas William Hoffer Papers, Claude Pepper Library, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.","http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/MSS_2008-024"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Claude Pepper Library staff, Summer 2009-Fall 2010.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Claude Pepper Library staff, Summer 2009-Fall 2010."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThomas William Hoffer. (1969). Norman Baker and American Broadcasting (thesis). \u003cextref href=\"https://search.library.wisc.edu/catalog/999822730802121\"\u003ehttps://search.library.wisc.edu/catalog/999822730802121\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHoffer Florida Primary collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilkinson Collection on Thomas Hoffer, MSS 2021-004, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS_2021-004\"\u003ehttps://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS_2021-004\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSelected issues of the \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eFranklin County Chronicle\u003c/emph\u003e and \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eFranklin Chronicle\u003c/emph\u003e are accessible through the University of Florida Digital Collections:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eFranklin County Chronicle\u003c/emph\u003e, 1992-1996:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehttp://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00089927\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eFranklin Chronicle\u003c/emph\u003e, 1994-2008:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehttp://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00089928\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Thomas William Hoffer. (1969). Norman Baker and American Broadcasting (thesis).  https://search.library.wisc.edu/catalog/999822730802121","Hoffer Florida Primary collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.","Wilkinson Collection on Thomas Hoffer, MSS 2021-004, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida.  https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS_2021-004","Selected issues of the  Franklin County Chronicle  and  Franklin Chronicle  are accessible through the University of Florida Digital Collections:","Franklin County Chronicle , 1992-1996:","http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00089927","Franklin Chronicle , 1994-2008:","http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00089928"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Thomas William Hoffer Papers consists of a wide variety of personal and professional materials created and collected by this prolific and creative educator. Personal papers are organized into correspondence with friends and colleagues, research files for his Norman Baker M.A. Thesis and Vietnam dissertation, materials related to the operations of the Franklin County Chronicle, family files, and military activities.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eProfessional files are organized into correspondence and subject files, parts of which give researchers particular insight into film studies at FSU before the establishment of the university's film school; professional writings, particularly materials used in developing his animation publication, teaching materials on documentary film making, research files, and student files. There is an extensive collection of audiocassettes and videotapes documenting his teaching and research activities as an instructor at Florida State University, and recordings of speakers at various events and meetings of the Franklin County Commission on such topics as aquaculture and other environmental issues that impacted the growth of Franklin County, FL.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\tWithin his teaching materials are a large set of card index files to Variety and Motion Picture World his students compiled as a project to study the history of film making in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSelect materials from the Hoffer Papers have been digitized and are available through the \u003cextref href=\"http://diginole.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:hofferpapers\"\u003eFSU Digital Library\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Online Copies Available"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Thomas William Hoffer Papers consists of a wide variety of personal and professional materials created and collected by this prolific and creative educator. Personal papers are organized into correspondence with friends and colleagues, research files for his Norman Baker M.A. Thesis and Vietnam dissertation, materials related to the operations of the Franklin County Chronicle, family files, and military activities.\n Professional files are organized into correspondence and subject files, parts of which give researchers particular insight into film studies at FSU before the establishment of the university's film school; professional writings, particularly materials used in developing his animation publication, teaching materials on documentary film making, research files, and student files. There is an extensive collection of audiocassettes and videotapes documenting his teaching and research activities as an instructor at Florida State University, and recordings of speakers at various events and meetings of the Franklin County Commission on such topics as aquaculture and other environmental issues that impacted the growth of Franklin County, FL.\n \tWithin his teaching materials are a large set of card index files to Variety and Motion Picture World his students compiled as a project to study the history of film making in the United States.","Select materials from the Hoffer Papers have been digitized and are available through the  FSU Digital Library ."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_becb894e5adf9f80936757be088c9f12\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eProfessional and personal files of Dr. Thomas William Hoffer, documenting his prolific and creative activities in animation studies, broadcasting, communication education, and documentary production.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Professional and personal files of Dr. Thomas William Hoffer, documenting his prolific and creative activities in animation studies, broadcasting, communication education, and documentary production."],"names_coll_ssim":["American Medical Association","Armstrong, Garner Ted","Baker, Norman, 1882-1958","Hargis, Billy James, 1925-","Nelson, Richard Alan, 1947-","Roberts, Oral, 1918-2009","Wills, James"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","American Medical Association","Hoffer, Thomas William, 1938-2006","Armstrong, Garner Ted","Baker, Norman, 1882-1958","Hargis, Billy James, 1925-","Nelson, Richard Alan, 1947-","Roberts, Oral, 1918-2009","Wills, James"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","American Medical Association"],"persname_ssim":["Hoffer, Thomas William, 1938-2006","Armstrong, Garner Ted","Baker, Norman, 1882-1958","Hargis, Billy James, 1925-","Nelson, Richard Alan, 1947-","Roberts, Oral, 1918-2009","Wills, James"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3677,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870859149381730304,"_root_":"cca5a1d5a68332202957d1b9","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:25:20.261Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/cca5a1d5a68332202957d1b9_aspace_154701"}},{"id":"42e7073fb9b8528341d9f801_aspace_8e46702d6a543ad49eb3a0eedcab2da2","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Will go on trial May 5th for violating Florida Trespass law; 13 Negro clerics are arrested here; Trespassing fines levied on Negroes; Fines handed down to 13 Negro pastors, 1964-04-19-1964-05-06","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/42e7073fb9b8528341d9f801_aspace_8e46702d6a543ad49eb3a0eedcab2da2#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_8e46702d6a543ad49eb3a0eedcab2da2","ref_ssm":["aspace_8e46702d6a543ad49eb3a0eedcab2da2","aspace_8e46702d6a543ad49eb3a0eedcab2da2"],"id":"42e7073fb9b8528341d9f801_aspace_8e46702d6a543ad49eb3a0eedcab2da2","title_filing_ssi":"Will go on trial May 5th for violating Florida Trespass law; 13 Negro clerics are arrested here; Trespassing fines levied on Negroes; Fines handed down to 13 Negro pastors","title_ssm":["Will go on trial May 5th for violating Florida Trespass law; 13 Negro clerics are arrested here; Trespassing fines levied on Negroes; Fines handed down to 13 Negro pastors"],"title_tesim":["Will go on trial May 5th for violating Florida Trespass law; 13 Negro clerics are arrested here; Trespassing fines levied on Negroes; Fines handed down to 13 Negro pastors"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1964-04-19-1964-05-06"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1964-04-19-1964-05-06"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Will go on trial May 5th for violating Florida Trespass law; 13 Negro clerics are arrested here; Trespassing fines levied on Negroes; Fines handed down to 13 Negro pastors, 1964-04-19-1964-05-06"],"text":["Will go on trial May 5th for violating Florida Trespass law; 13 Negro clerics are arrested here; Trespassing fines levied on Negroes; Fines handed down to 13 Negro pastors, 1964-04-19-1964-05-06","Rodney Lawrence Hurst, Sr. Papers, 1957-2015","Newspapers and Scrapbook Pages","News Clippings","/repositories/3/archival_objects/6971","box 4","folder 3"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["42e7073fb9b8528341d9f801","42e7073fb9b8528341d9f801_aspace_0620a925d46736db7bbe8d9eb5ec2f4c","42e7073fb9b8528341d9f801_aspace_fc5b4ca4fb6774dc56414fe5a9560f78"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Rodney Lawrence Hurst, Sr. Papers, 1957-2015","Newspapers and Scrapbook Pages","News Clippings"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Rodney Lawrence Hurst, Sr. Papers, 1957-2015","Newspapers and Scrapbook Pages","News Clippings"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/3/archival_objects/6971"],"repository_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Rodney Lawrence Hurst, Sr. Papers, 1957-2015"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":216,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"date_range_isim":[1964],"containers_ssim":["box 4","folder 3"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#1/components#61","_nest_parent_":"42e7073fb9b8528341d9f801_aspace_fc5b4ca4fb6774dc56414fe5a9560f78","_root_":"42e7073fb9b8528341d9f801","timestamp":"2026-05-27T03:06:30.746Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"42e7073fb9b8528341d9f801","title_ssm":["Rodney Lawrence Hurst, Sr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["Rodney Lawrence Hurst, Sr. Papers"],"ead_ssi":"42e7073fb9b8528341d9f801","unitdate_ssm":["1957-2015"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1957-2015"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":[" 2018.001","/repositories/3/resources/65"],"text":[" 2018.001","/repositories/3/resources/65","Rodney Lawrence Hurst, Sr. Papers, 1957-2015","USPS Black Heritage Stamp Series","Hurst, Rodney L.  -- Stamp collections","African Americans on postage stamps","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","African American civil rights workers","The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.","\tRodney L. Hurst Sr., a long time Jacksonville resident, Civil Rights activist and author was born in 1944. After transferring to Isaiah Blocker Junior High School in 1955, at age eleven, his history teacher Rutledge Henry Pearson encouraged him to join the local NAACP Youth Council. By the time he was fifteen, Mr. Hurst was named president of the youth council chapter.","In 1960, Hurst led the lunch counter sit in demonstrations in downtown Jacksonville's shopping districts. The first one began on August 13, 1960. They targeted the Woolworth's counter. In addition, demonstrations were held at Cohen Bros, WT Grant Department Store, Kness Department Store, and McCrory Department Store. \n    \nIn response, the stores closed their lunch counters and thus fueled the tensions that coalesced on August 27 also known as Ax Handle Saturday when 200 segregationists, armed with ax handles and baseball bats attacked 35 members of the NAACP youth council and other Black Americans who happened to be in the area.\n    \nEventually, the police closed off downtown and the sit ins ceased. Then on December 8, 1960, Rodney Hurst was arrested for his part in the demonstrations and charged with instigating a riot.  The charges were dropped after his hearing and was released. By May 16, 1961, all lunch counters in Jacksonville were integrated due to Mr. Hurst and the Youth Council's efforts.\n    \nIn subsequent years, Mr. Hurst sat on the Jacksonville Civil Council and represented District 8 from 1975-1979 and District 10 from 1979-1983. \n    \nLater in 2008, he authored a semi-autobiographical account of his experiences called \"It Was Never About a Hot Dog and a Coke!\" The book garnered recognition at the Sabrina Awards Best Non Fiction and Top Three Pick On July 31st that same year.","In addition, Mr. Hurst received awards for his participation in the 2009 Writer's Digest 16th Annual Self-Published Book awards, the ENAABLE and Blue Cross Blue Shield of Florida Black History Month Celebration. Due to his efforts in civil rights history, the Durkeeville Historical Society awarded Mr. Hurst a certificate of appreciation.","In 2010, Mr. Hurst participated in the University of Central Florida Book Festival and in 2012, he taught a course about Ax Handle Saturday and the Jacksonville sit ins at the University of North Florida.","Recently, in 2018, the Jacksonville Task Force on Civil Rights History was created. Mr. Hurst served as the co chair of the taskforce's historical timeline subcommittee and created a chronology of civil rights history in Jacksonville from 1838 with the founding of Bethel Baptist Institutional Church to the present. ","The collection consists of papers and memorabilia related to civil rights history in Jacksonville and Hurst's experiences as a member of the NAACP Youth Council in the 1960's. The collection focuses on the NAACP sit-ins of stores in James Weldon Johnson Park, formerly known as Hemming Park or Plaza, and Hurst's book about Ax Handle Saturday.","Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information","UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":[" 2018.001","/repositories/3/resources/65"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1957-2015"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rodney Lawrence Hurst, Sr. Papers, 1957-2015"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rodney Lawrence Hurst, Sr. Papers, 1957-2015"],"collection_ssim":["Rodney Lawrence Hurst, Sr. Papers, 1957-2015"],"repository_ssm":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was acquired through donation from Rodney Lawrence Hurst, Sr. in 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["USPS Black Heritage Stamp Series","Hurst, Rodney L.  -- Stamp collections","African Americans on postage stamps","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","African American civil rights workers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["USPS Black Heritage Stamp Series","Hurst, Rodney L.  -- Stamp collections","African Americans on postage stamps","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","African American civil rights workers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["5.00 Linear Feet 2 legal sized archives document boxes, 1 oversized flat box, 3 medium sized flat boxes"],"extent_tesim":["5.00 Linear Feet 2 legal sized archives document boxes, 1 oversized flat box, 3 medium sized flat boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\tRodney L. Hurst Sr., a long time Jacksonville resident, Civil Rights activist and author was born in 1944. After transferring to Isaiah Blocker Junior High School in 1955, at age eleven, his history teacher Rutledge Henry Pearson encouraged him to join the local NAACP Youth Council. By the time he was fifteen, Mr. Hurst was named president of the youth council chapter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1960, Hurst led the lunch counter sit in demonstrations in downtown Jacksonville's shopping districts. The first one began on August 13, 1960. They targeted the Woolworth's counter. In addition, demonstrations were held at Cohen Bros, WT Grant Department Store, Kness Department Store, and McCrory Department Store. \n    \nIn response, the stores closed their lunch counters and thus fueled the tensions that coalesced on August 27 also known as Ax Handle Saturday when 200 segregationists, armed with ax handles and baseball bats attacked 35 members of the NAACP youth council and other Black Americans who happened to be in the area.\n    \nEventually, the police closed off downtown and the sit ins ceased. Then on December 8, 1960, Rodney Hurst was arrested for his part in the demonstrations and charged with instigating a riot.  The charges were dropped after his hearing and was released. By May 16, 1961, all lunch counters in Jacksonville were integrated due to Mr. Hurst and the Youth Council's efforts.\n    \nIn subsequent years, Mr. Hurst sat on the Jacksonville Civil Council and represented District 8 from 1975-1979 and District 10 from 1979-1983. \n    \nLater in 2008, he authored a semi-autobiographical account of his experiences called \"It Was Never About a Hot Dog and a Coke!\" The book garnered recognition at the Sabrina Awards Best Non Fiction and Top Three Pick On July 31st that same year.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition, Mr. Hurst received awards for his participation in the 2009 Writer's Digest 16th Annual Self-Published Book awards, the ENAABLE and Blue Cross Blue Shield of Florida Black History Month Celebration. Due to his efforts in civil rights history, the Durkeeville Historical Society awarded Mr. Hurst a certificate of appreciation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 2010, Mr. Hurst participated in the University of Central Florida Book Festival and in 2012, he taught a course about Ax Handle Saturday and the Jacksonville sit ins at the University of North Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRecently, in 2018, the Jacksonville Task Force on Civil Rights History was created. Mr. Hurst served as the co chair of the taskforce's historical timeline subcommittee and created a chronology of civil rights history in Jacksonville from 1838 with the founding of Bethel Baptist Institutional Church to the present. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["\tRodney L. Hurst Sr., a long time Jacksonville resident, Civil Rights activist and author was born in 1944. After transferring to Isaiah Blocker Junior High School in 1955, at age eleven, his history teacher Rutledge Henry Pearson encouraged him to join the local NAACP Youth Council. By the time he was fifteen, Mr. Hurst was named president of the youth council chapter.","In 1960, Hurst led the lunch counter sit in demonstrations in downtown Jacksonville's shopping districts. The first one began on August 13, 1960. They targeted the Woolworth's counter. In addition, demonstrations were held at Cohen Bros, WT Grant Department Store, Kness Department Store, and McCrory Department Store. \n    \nIn response, the stores closed their lunch counters and thus fueled the tensions that coalesced on August 27 also known as Ax Handle Saturday when 200 segregationists, armed with ax handles and baseball bats attacked 35 members of the NAACP youth council and other Black Americans who happened to be in the area.\n    \nEventually, the police closed off downtown and the sit ins ceased. Then on December 8, 1960, Rodney Hurst was arrested for his part in the demonstrations and charged with instigating a riot.  The charges were dropped after his hearing and was released. By May 16, 1961, all lunch counters in Jacksonville were integrated due to Mr. Hurst and the Youth Council's efforts.\n    \nIn subsequent years, Mr. Hurst sat on the Jacksonville Civil Council and represented District 8 from 1975-1979 and District 10 from 1979-1983. \n    \nLater in 2008, he authored a semi-autobiographical account of his experiences called \"It Was Never About a Hot Dog and a Coke!\" The book garnered recognition at the Sabrina Awards Best Non Fiction and Top Three Pick On July 31st that same year.","In addition, Mr. Hurst received awards for his participation in the 2009 Writer's Digest 16th Annual Self-Published Book awards, the ENAABLE and Blue Cross Blue Shield of Florida Black History Month Celebration. Due to his efforts in civil rights history, the Durkeeville Historical Society awarded Mr. Hurst a certificate of appreciation.","In 2010, Mr. Hurst participated in the University of Central Florida Book Festival and in 2012, he taught a course about Ax Handle Saturday and the Jacksonville sit ins at the University of North Florida.","Recently, in 2018, the Jacksonville Task Force on Civil Rights History was created. Mr. Hurst served as the co chair of the taskforce's historical timeline subcommittee and created a chronology of civil rights history in Jacksonville from 1838 with the founding of Bethel Baptist Institutional Church to the present. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRodney Lawrence Hurst, Sr. Papers, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Rodney Lawrence Hurst, Sr. Papers, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of papers and memorabilia related to civil rights history in Jacksonville and Hurst's experiences as a member of the NAACP Youth Council in the 1960's. The collection focuses on the NAACP sit-ins of stores in James Weldon Johnson Park, formerly known as Hemming Park or Plaza, and Hurst's book about Ax Handle Saturday.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of papers and memorabilia related to civil rights history in Jacksonville and Hurst's experiences as a member of the NAACP Youth Council in the 1960's. The collection focuses on the NAACP sit-ins of stores in James Weldon Johnson Park, formerly known as Hemming Park or Plaza, and Hurst's book about Ax Handle Saturday."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"names_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":509,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"42e7073fb9b8528341d9f801","timestamp":"2026-05-27T03:06:30.746Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/42e7073fb9b8528341d9f801_aspace_8e46702d6a543ad49eb3a0eedcab2da2"}},{"id":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_27128f9e516882d999974bf5b3e1cfd8","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Willhelm, Sidney M. (Part 1), 1970","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_27128f9e516882d999974bf5b3e1cfd8#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_27128f9e516882d999974bf5b3e1cfd8","ref_ssm":["aspace_27128f9e516882d999974bf5b3e1cfd8","aspace_27128f9e516882d999974bf5b3e1cfd8"],"id":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_27128f9e516882d999974bf5b3e1cfd8","title_filing_ssi":"Willhelm, Sidney M. (Part 1)","title_ssm":["Willhelm, Sidney M. (Part 1)"],"title_tesim":["Willhelm, Sidney M. (Part 1)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1970"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1970"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Willhelm, Sidney M. (Part 1), 1970"],"text":["Willhelm, Sidney M. (Part 1), 1970","Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006","Writings by others","/repositories/2/archival_objects/30455","box 92","folder 14"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_60421e776c845bf7cd0dc7e916c56d99"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006","Writings by others"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006","Writings by others"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/2/archival_objects/30455"],"repository_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":2438,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection is open for research."],"date_range_isim":[1970],"containers_ssim":["box 92","folder 14"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#1587","_nest_parent_":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_60421e776c845bf7cd0dc7e916c56d99","_root_":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","timestamp":"2026-04-21T02:08:51.248Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","title_filing_ssi":"Sudarkasa, Niara Collection","title_ssm":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection"],"title_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection"],"ead_ssi":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","unitdate_ssm":["1934-2006"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1934-2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["AARLCC.2006.4","/repositories/2/resources/51"],"text":["AARLCC.2006.4","/repositories/2/resources/51","Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006","Bahamian Americans","Correspondence","Photographs","plaques (flat objects)","Periodicals","The Niara Sudarkasa Collection is open for research.","View a selection of digitized materials from the Niara Sudarkasa Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives.","Niara Sudarkasa, born Gloria Albertha Marshall to a Bahamian immigrant family on August 14, 1938, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, demonstrated exceptional academic promise from an early age. She graduated from Dillard High School at just 14 years old and, at 15, entered Fisk University on a Ford Foundation scholarship to study English. Her intellectual journey deepened at Oberlin College, where exposure to courses on the African diaspora inspired her to change her major to Sociology-Anthropology, earning her bachelor's degree in 1957.","Gloria enrolled at Columbia University in New York, where she pursued graduate studies in Anthropology. She earned both her Master's (1959) and Ph.D. degrees in (1964), becoming the first African American woman to teach at Columbia University. Following the completion of her doctorate, Dr. Sudarkasa was appointed assistant professor of anthropology at New York University (1970-1976), again marking a historic first for an African American woman. ","Gloria Albertha Marshall adopted the name Niara Sudarkasa to reflect her evolving identity as a cultural bridge between African Americans and continental Africans. Her name change marked a deepening commitment to diasporic connection and cultural reclamation.\nAt the University of Michigan, Dr. Sudarkasa continued to break barriers, becoming the first African American faculty member in the Department of Anthropology. From 1978 to 1981, she served as Associate Director of the Center for Afro-American and African Studies, advancing scholarship and institutional support for African diaspora research.","In 1986, she became the first female president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania, a role she held until 1998. Her scholarship increasingly centered on the lives of women in West Africa and the enduring strength of the Black family. Her work in Nigeria earned her recognition from the royal court: in 2001, His Royal Majesty Aláyélúwà Ọba Ọkúnadé Sijuwade Olúbùsẹ II of the Royal Court of Ifẹ́ conferred upon her the chieftaincy title Yèyé Olókun Ìgbàdérò. She was the first African American to receive this honor from the Ifẹ́ Kingdom.","Following her retirement from higher education, Dr. Sudarkasa returned to her hometown of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where she became the first scholar-in-residence at the newly opened African American Research Library and Cultural Center in 2002.\nDr. Sudarkasa was married to John L. Clark and was the mother of Michael Sudarkasa. She passed away on May 31, 2019, at the age of 80, leaving behind a legacy of scholarship, leadership, and cultural stewardship.","The Niara Sudarkasa Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection. ","Parts of the collection have received file level processing. From January 2022 to May 2024, FIU interns, Emmanuel George, and Dominique St. Victor processed \"Series I. Correspondence\" and \"Series III. Professional Papers, Sub-series 1. Writings by Niara Sudarkasa and Sub-series 2. Writings by Others\" as part of the WPHL-FIU Community Data Curation grant.","The Niara Sudarkasa Collection documents the career of anthropologist, Africanist, professor, and university president Dr. Niara Sudarkasa. The collection contains correspondence, scholarly writings, publications, research files, audio visual materials, awards, and business papers dating from 1934 to 2006. The collection also includes Dr. Sudarka's personal library of more than 2,500 books, journals, and pamphlets. The collection highlights Dr. Sudarkasa's professional achievements including becoming the first woman president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania and first Black faculty member of the Anthropology Department at the University of Michigan. Her papers are a unique resource on Yoruba language and culture, ethnic groups in higher education, and the Black Power Movement in the United States. They also document her work to strengthen international programs at Lincoln and the University of Michigan.","Books from this collection were cataloged in the Broward County Library catalog with the prefix \"SUD\".","AARLCC Special Collections","University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)","Sudarkasa, Niara","English"],"unitid_tesim":["AARLCC.2006.4","/repositories/2/resources/51"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1934-2006"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006"],"collection_title_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006"],"collection_ssim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006"],"repository_ssm":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"creator_ssim":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"creators_ssim":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Dr. Niara Sudarkasa donated the materials to the AARLCC Special Collections on October 17, 2006 (Accession AARLCC-2006.4)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Bahamian Americans","Correspondence","Photographs","plaques (flat objects)","Periodicals"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Bahamian Americans","Correspondence","Photographs","plaques (flat objects)","Periodicals"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["400 Hollinger Boxes","410 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["400 Hollinger Boxes","410 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Photographs","plaques (flat objects)","Periodicals"],"date_range_isim":[1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Niara Sudarkasa Collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://digitalarchives.broward.org/digital/collection/nsb\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eView a selection of digitized materials from the Niara Sudarkasa Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Digitized Materials"],"altformavail_tesim":["View a selection of digitized materials from the Niara Sudarkasa Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNiara Sudarkasa, born Gloria Albertha Marshall to a Bahamian immigrant family on August 14, 1938, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, demonstrated exceptional academic promise from an early age. She graduated from Dillard High School at just 14 years old and, at 15, entered Fisk University on a Ford Foundation scholarship to study English. Her intellectual journey deepened at Oberlin College, where exposure to courses on the African diaspora inspired her to change her major to Sociology-Anthropology, earning her bachelor's degree in 1957.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGloria enrolled at Columbia University in New York, where she pursued graduate studies in Anthropology. She earned both her Master's (1959) and Ph.D. degrees in (1964), becoming the first African American woman to teach at Columbia University. Following the completion of her doctorate, Dr. Sudarkasa was appointed assistant professor of anthropology at New York University (1970-1976), again marking a historic first for an African American woman. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGloria Albertha Marshall adopted the name Niara Sudarkasa to reflect her evolving identity as a cultural bridge between African Americans and continental Africans. Her name change marked a deepening commitment to diasporic connection and cultural reclamation.\nAt the University of Michigan, Dr. Sudarkasa continued to break barriers, becoming the first African American faculty member in the Department of Anthropology. From 1978 to 1981, she served as Associate Director of the Center for Afro-American and African Studies, advancing scholarship and institutional support for African diaspora research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1986, she became the first female president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania, a role she held until 1998. Her scholarship increasingly centered on the lives of women in West Africa and the enduring strength of the Black family. Her work in Nigeria earned her recognition from the royal court: in 2001, His Royal Majesty Al\u0026#xE1;y\u0026#xE9;l\u0026#xFA;w\u0026#xE0; \u0026#x1ECC;ba \u0026#x1ECC;k\u0026#xFA;nad\u0026#xE9; Sijuwade Ol\u0026#xFA;b\u0026#xF9;s\u0026#x1EB9; II of the Royal Court of If\u0026#x1EB9;\u0026#x301; conferred upon her the chieftaincy title Y\u0026#xE8;y\u0026#xE9; Ol\u0026#xF3;kun \u0026#xCC;gb\u0026#xE0;d\u0026#xE9;r\u0026#xF2;. She was the first African American to receive this honor from the If\u0026#x1EB9;\u0026#x301; Kingdom.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFollowing her retirement from higher education, Dr. Sudarkasa returned to her hometown of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where she became the first scholar-in-residence at the newly opened African American Research Library and Cultural Center in 2002.\nDr. Sudarkasa was married to John L. Clark and was the mother of Michael Sudarkasa. She passed away on May 31, 2019, at the age of 80, leaving behind a legacy of scholarship, leadership, and cultural stewardship.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa, born Gloria Albertha Marshall to a Bahamian immigrant family on August 14, 1938, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, demonstrated exceptional academic promise from an early age. She graduated from Dillard High School at just 14 years old and, at 15, entered Fisk University on a Ford Foundation scholarship to study English. Her intellectual journey deepened at Oberlin College, where exposure to courses on the African diaspora inspired her to change her major to Sociology-Anthropology, earning her bachelor's degree in 1957.","Gloria enrolled at Columbia University in New York, where she pursued graduate studies in Anthropology. She earned both her Master's (1959) and Ph.D. degrees in (1964), becoming the first African American woman to teach at Columbia University. Following the completion of her doctorate, Dr. Sudarkasa was appointed assistant professor of anthropology at New York University (1970-1976), again marking a historic first for an African American woman. ","Gloria Albertha Marshall adopted the name Niara Sudarkasa to reflect her evolving identity as a cultural bridge between African Americans and continental Africans. Her name change marked a deepening commitment to diasporic connection and cultural reclamation.\nAt the University of Michigan, Dr. Sudarkasa continued to break barriers, becoming the first African American faculty member in the Department of Anthropology. From 1978 to 1981, she served as Associate Director of the Center for Afro-American and African Studies, advancing scholarship and institutional support for African diaspora research.","In 1986, she became the first female president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania, a role she held until 1998. Her scholarship increasingly centered on the lives of women in West Africa and the enduring strength of the Black family. Her work in Nigeria earned her recognition from the royal court: in 2001, His Royal Majesty Aláyélúwà Ọba Ọkúnadé Sijuwade Olúbùsẹ II of the Royal Court of Ifẹ́ conferred upon her the chieftaincy title Yèyé Olókun Ìgbàdérò. She was the first African American to receive this honor from the Ifẹ́ Kingdom.","Following her retirement from higher education, Dr. Sudarkasa returned to her hometown of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where she became the first scholar-in-residence at the newly opened African American Research Library and Cultural Center in 2002.\nDr. Sudarkasa was married to John L. Clark and was the mother of Michael Sudarkasa. She passed away on May 31, 2019, at the age of 80, leaving behind a legacy of scholarship, leadership, and cultural stewardship."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNiara Sudarkasa Collection, African American Research Library and Cultural Center Special Collections, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, African American Research Library and Cultural Center Special Collections, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Niara Sudarkasa Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParts of the collection have received file level processing. From January 2022 to May 2024, FIU interns, Emmanuel George, and Dominique St. Victor processed \"Series I. Correspondence\" and \"Series III. Professional Papers, Sub-series 1. Writings by Niara Sudarkasa and Sub-series 2. Writings by Others\" as part of the WPHL-FIU Community Data Curation grant.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection. ","Parts of the collection have received file level processing. From January 2022 to May 2024, FIU interns, Emmanuel George, and Dominique St. Victor processed \"Series I. Correspondence\" and \"Series III. Professional Papers, Sub-series 1. Writings by Niara Sudarkasa and Sub-series 2. Writings by Others\" as part of the WPHL-FIU Community Data Curation grant."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Niara Sudarkasa Collection documents the career of anthropologist, Africanist, professor, and university president Dr. Niara Sudarkasa. The collection contains correspondence, scholarly writings, publications, research files, audio visual materials, awards, and business papers dating from 1934 to 2006. The collection also includes Dr. Sudarka's personal library of more than 2,500 books, journals, and pamphlets. The collection highlights Dr. Sudarkasa's professional achievements including becoming the first woman president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania and first Black faculty member of the Anthropology Department at the University of Michigan. Her papers are a unique resource on Yoruba language and culture, ethnic groups in higher education, and the Black Power Movement in the United States. They also document her work to strengthen international programs at Lincoln and the University of Michigan.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection documents the career of anthropologist, Africanist, professor, and university president Dr. Niara Sudarkasa. The collection contains correspondence, scholarly writings, publications, research files, audio visual materials, awards, and business papers dating from 1934 to 2006. The collection also includes Dr. Sudarka's personal library of more than 2,500 books, journals, and pamphlets. The collection highlights Dr. Sudarkasa's professional achievements including becoming the first woman president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania and first Black faculty member of the Anthropology Department at the University of Michigan. Her papers are a unique resource on Yoruba language and culture, ethnic groups in higher education, and the Black Power Movement in the United States. They also document her work to strengthen international programs at Lincoln and the University of Michigan."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://broward.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/search/results?qu=SUD\u0026amp;qf=LOCATION%09Shelf+Location%091%3AAF-SPC%09AARLCC+Special+Collections\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBooks from this collection were cataloged in the Broward County Library catalog with the prefix \"SUD\".\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Access the Books"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Books from this collection were cataloged in the Broward County Library catalog with the prefix \"SUD\"."],"names_coll_ssim":["University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)"],"names_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections","University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)","Sudarkasa, Niara"],"corpname_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections","University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)"],"persname_ssim":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2760,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","timestamp":"2026-04-21T02:08:51.248Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_27128f9e516882d999974bf5b3e1cfd8"}},{"id":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_b13022091857e47573926b6b265079cb","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Willhelm, Sidney M. (Part 2), 1970","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_b13022091857e47573926b6b265079cb#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_b13022091857e47573926b6b265079cb","ref_ssm":["aspace_b13022091857e47573926b6b265079cb","aspace_b13022091857e47573926b6b265079cb"],"id":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_b13022091857e47573926b6b265079cb","title_filing_ssi":"Willhelm, Sidney M. (Part 2)","title_ssm":["Willhelm, Sidney M. (Part 2)"],"title_tesim":["Willhelm, Sidney M. (Part 2)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1970"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1970"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Willhelm, Sidney M. (Part 2), 1970"],"text":["Willhelm, Sidney M. (Part 2), 1970","Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006","Writings by others","/repositories/2/archival_objects/30456","box 92","folder 15"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_60421e776c845bf7cd0dc7e916c56d99"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006","Writings by others"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006","Writings by others"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/2/archival_objects/30456"],"repository_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":2439,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection is open for research."],"date_range_isim":[1970],"containers_ssim":["box 92","folder 15"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#1588","_nest_parent_":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_60421e776c845bf7cd0dc7e916c56d99","_root_":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","timestamp":"2026-04-21T02:08:51.248Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","title_filing_ssi":"Sudarkasa, Niara Collection","title_ssm":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection"],"title_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection"],"ead_ssi":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","unitdate_ssm":["1934-2006"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1934-2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["AARLCC.2006.4","/repositories/2/resources/51"],"text":["AARLCC.2006.4","/repositories/2/resources/51","Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006","Bahamian Americans","Correspondence","Photographs","plaques (flat objects)","Periodicals","The Niara Sudarkasa Collection is open for research.","View a selection of digitized materials from the Niara Sudarkasa Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives.","Niara Sudarkasa, born Gloria Albertha Marshall to a Bahamian immigrant family on August 14, 1938, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, demonstrated exceptional academic promise from an early age. She graduated from Dillard High School at just 14 years old and, at 15, entered Fisk University on a Ford Foundation scholarship to study English. Her intellectual journey deepened at Oberlin College, where exposure to courses on the African diaspora inspired her to change her major to Sociology-Anthropology, earning her bachelor's degree in 1957.","Gloria enrolled at Columbia University in New York, where she pursued graduate studies in Anthropology. She earned both her Master's (1959) and Ph.D. degrees in (1964), becoming the first African American woman to teach at Columbia University. Following the completion of her doctorate, Dr. Sudarkasa was appointed assistant professor of anthropology at New York University (1970-1976), again marking a historic first for an African American woman. ","Gloria Albertha Marshall adopted the name Niara Sudarkasa to reflect her evolving identity as a cultural bridge between African Americans and continental Africans. Her name change marked a deepening commitment to diasporic connection and cultural reclamation.\nAt the University of Michigan, Dr. Sudarkasa continued to break barriers, becoming the first African American faculty member in the Department of Anthropology. From 1978 to 1981, she served as Associate Director of the Center for Afro-American and African Studies, advancing scholarship and institutional support for African diaspora research.","In 1986, she became the first female president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania, a role she held until 1998. Her scholarship increasingly centered on the lives of women in West Africa and the enduring strength of the Black family. Her work in Nigeria earned her recognition from the royal court: in 2001, His Royal Majesty Aláyélúwà Ọba Ọkúnadé Sijuwade Olúbùsẹ II of the Royal Court of Ifẹ́ conferred upon her the chieftaincy title Yèyé Olókun Ìgbàdérò. She was the first African American to receive this honor from the Ifẹ́ Kingdom.","Following her retirement from higher education, Dr. Sudarkasa returned to her hometown of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where she became the first scholar-in-residence at the newly opened African American Research Library and Cultural Center in 2002.\nDr. Sudarkasa was married to John L. Clark and was the mother of Michael Sudarkasa. She passed away on May 31, 2019, at the age of 80, leaving behind a legacy of scholarship, leadership, and cultural stewardship.","The Niara Sudarkasa Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection. ","Parts of the collection have received file level processing. From January 2022 to May 2024, FIU interns, Emmanuel George, and Dominique St. Victor processed \"Series I. Correspondence\" and \"Series III. Professional Papers, Sub-series 1. Writings by Niara Sudarkasa and Sub-series 2. Writings by Others\" as part of the WPHL-FIU Community Data Curation grant.","The Niara Sudarkasa Collection documents the career of anthropologist, Africanist, professor, and university president Dr. Niara Sudarkasa. The collection contains correspondence, scholarly writings, publications, research files, audio visual materials, awards, and business papers dating from 1934 to 2006. The collection also includes Dr. Sudarka's personal library of more than 2,500 books, journals, and pamphlets. The collection highlights Dr. Sudarkasa's professional achievements including becoming the first woman president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania and first Black faculty member of the Anthropology Department at the University of Michigan. Her papers are a unique resource on Yoruba language and culture, ethnic groups in higher education, and the Black Power Movement in the United States. They also document her work to strengthen international programs at Lincoln and the University of Michigan.","Books from this collection were cataloged in the Broward County Library catalog with the prefix \"SUD\".","AARLCC Special Collections","University of Michigan. 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She graduated from Dillard High School at just 14 years old and, at 15, entered Fisk University on a Ford Foundation scholarship to study English. Her intellectual journey deepened at Oberlin College, where exposure to courses on the African diaspora inspired her to change her major to Sociology-Anthropology, earning her bachelor's degree in 1957.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGloria enrolled at Columbia University in New York, where she pursued graduate studies in Anthropology. She earned both her Master's (1959) and Ph.D. degrees in (1964), becoming the first African American woman to teach at Columbia University. Following the completion of her doctorate, Dr. Sudarkasa was appointed assistant professor of anthropology at New York University (1970-1976), again marking a historic first for an African American woman. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGloria Albertha Marshall adopted the name Niara Sudarkasa to reflect her evolving identity as a cultural bridge between African Americans and continental Africans. Her name change marked a deepening commitment to diasporic connection and cultural reclamation.\nAt the University of Michigan, Dr. Sudarkasa continued to break barriers, becoming the first African American faculty member in the Department of Anthropology. From 1978 to 1981, she served as Associate Director of the Center for Afro-American and African Studies, advancing scholarship and institutional support for African diaspora research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1986, she became the first female president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania, a role she held until 1998. Her scholarship increasingly centered on the lives of women in West Africa and the enduring strength of the Black family. Her work in Nigeria earned her recognition from the royal court: in 2001, His Royal Majesty Al\u0026#xE1;y\u0026#xE9;l\u0026#xFA;w\u0026#xE0; \u0026#x1ECC;ba \u0026#x1ECC;k\u0026#xFA;nad\u0026#xE9; Sijuwade Ol\u0026#xFA;b\u0026#xF9;s\u0026#x1EB9; II of the Royal Court of If\u0026#x1EB9;\u0026#x301; conferred upon her the chieftaincy title Y\u0026#xE8;y\u0026#xE9; Ol\u0026#xF3;kun \u0026#xCC;gb\u0026#xE0;d\u0026#xE9;r\u0026#xF2;. She was the first African American to receive this honor from the If\u0026#x1EB9;\u0026#x301; Kingdom.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFollowing her retirement from higher education, Dr. Sudarkasa returned to her hometown of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where she became the first scholar-in-residence at the newly opened African American Research Library and Cultural Center in 2002.\nDr. Sudarkasa was married to John L. Clark and was the mother of Michael Sudarkasa. She passed away on May 31, 2019, at the age of 80, leaving behind a legacy of scholarship, leadership, and cultural stewardship.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa, born Gloria Albertha Marshall to a Bahamian immigrant family on August 14, 1938, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, demonstrated exceptional academic promise from an early age. She graduated from Dillard High School at just 14 years old and, at 15, entered Fisk University on a Ford Foundation scholarship to study English. Her intellectual journey deepened at Oberlin College, where exposure to courses on the African diaspora inspired her to change her major to Sociology-Anthropology, earning her bachelor's degree in 1957.","Gloria enrolled at Columbia University in New York, where she pursued graduate studies in Anthropology. She earned both her Master's (1959) and Ph.D. degrees in (1964), becoming the first African American woman to teach at Columbia University. Following the completion of her doctorate, Dr. Sudarkasa was appointed assistant professor of anthropology at New York University (1970-1976), again marking a historic first for an African American woman. ","Gloria Albertha Marshall adopted the name Niara Sudarkasa to reflect her evolving identity as a cultural bridge between African Americans and continental Africans. Her name change marked a deepening commitment to diasporic connection and cultural reclamation.\nAt the University of Michigan, Dr. Sudarkasa continued to break barriers, becoming the first African American faculty member in the Department of Anthropology. From 1978 to 1981, she served as Associate Director of the Center for Afro-American and African Studies, advancing scholarship and institutional support for African diaspora research.","In 1986, she became the first female president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania, a role she held until 1998. Her scholarship increasingly centered on the lives of women in West Africa and the enduring strength of the Black family. Her work in Nigeria earned her recognition from the royal court: in 2001, His Royal Majesty Aláyélúwà Ọba Ọkúnadé Sijuwade Olúbùsẹ II of the Royal Court of Ifẹ́ conferred upon her the chieftaincy title Yèyé Olókun Ìgbàdérò. She was the first African American to receive this honor from the Ifẹ́ Kingdom.","Following her retirement from higher education, Dr. Sudarkasa returned to her hometown of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where she became the first scholar-in-residence at the newly opened African American Research Library and Cultural Center in 2002.\nDr. Sudarkasa was married to John L. Clark and was the mother of Michael Sudarkasa. She passed away on May 31, 2019, at the age of 80, leaving behind a legacy of scholarship, leadership, and cultural stewardship."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNiara Sudarkasa Collection, African American Research Library and Cultural Center Special Collections, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, African American Research Library and Cultural Center Special Collections, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Niara Sudarkasa Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParts of the collection have received file level processing. From January 2022 to May 2024, FIU interns, Emmanuel George, and Dominique St. Victor processed \"Series I. Correspondence\" and \"Series III. Professional Papers, Sub-series 1. Writings by Niara Sudarkasa and Sub-series 2. Writings by Others\" as part of the WPHL-FIU Community Data Curation grant.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection. ","Parts of the collection have received file level processing. From January 2022 to May 2024, FIU interns, Emmanuel George, and Dominique St. Victor processed \"Series I. Correspondence\" and \"Series III. Professional Papers, Sub-series 1. Writings by Niara Sudarkasa and Sub-series 2. Writings by Others\" as part of the WPHL-FIU Community Data Curation grant."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Niara Sudarkasa Collection documents the career of anthropologist, Africanist, professor, and university president Dr. Niara Sudarkasa. The collection contains correspondence, scholarly writings, publications, research files, audio visual materials, awards, and business papers dating from 1934 to 2006. The collection also includes Dr. Sudarka's personal library of more than 2,500 books, journals, and pamphlets. The collection highlights Dr. Sudarkasa's professional achievements including becoming the first woman president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania and first Black faculty member of the Anthropology Department at the University of Michigan. Her papers are a unique resource on Yoruba language and culture, ethnic groups in higher education, and the Black Power Movement in the United States. They also document her work to strengthen international programs at Lincoln and the University of Michigan.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection documents the career of anthropologist, Africanist, professor, and university president Dr. Niara Sudarkasa. The collection contains correspondence, scholarly writings, publications, research files, audio visual materials, awards, and business papers dating from 1934 to 2006. The collection also includes Dr. Sudarka's personal library of more than 2,500 books, journals, and pamphlets. The collection highlights Dr. Sudarkasa's professional achievements including becoming the first woman president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania and first Black faculty member of the Anthropology Department at the University of Michigan. Her papers are a unique resource on Yoruba language and culture, ethnic groups in higher education, and the Black Power Movement in the United States. They also document her work to strengthen international programs at Lincoln and the University of Michigan."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://broward.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/search/results?qu=SUD\u0026amp;qf=LOCATION%09Shelf+Location%091%3AAF-SPC%09AARLCC+Special+Collections\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBooks from this collection were cataloged in the Broward County Library catalog with the prefix \"SUD\".\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Access the Books"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Books from this collection were cataloged in the Broward County Library catalog with the prefix \"SUD\"."],"names_coll_ssim":["University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)"],"names_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections","University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)","Sudarkasa, Niara"],"corpname_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections","University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)"],"persname_ssim":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2760,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","timestamp":"2026-04-21T02:08:51.248Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_b13022091857e47573926b6b265079cb"}},{"id":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_8427dfbaf37addc684191a63d95fe039","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Willhelm, Sidney M. (Part 3), 1970","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_8427dfbaf37addc684191a63d95fe039#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_8427dfbaf37addc684191a63d95fe039","ref_ssm":["aspace_8427dfbaf37addc684191a63d95fe039","aspace_8427dfbaf37addc684191a63d95fe039"],"id":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_8427dfbaf37addc684191a63d95fe039","title_filing_ssi":"Willhelm, Sidney M. (Part 3)","title_ssm":["Willhelm, Sidney M. (Part 3)"],"title_tesim":["Willhelm, Sidney M. (Part 3)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1970"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1970"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Willhelm, Sidney M. (Part 3), 1970"],"text":["Willhelm, Sidney M. (Part 3), 1970","Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006","Writings by others","/repositories/2/archival_objects/30457","box 92","folder 16"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_60421e776c845bf7cd0dc7e916c56d99"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006","Writings by others"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006","Writings by others"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/2/archival_objects/30457"],"repository_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":2440,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection is open for research."],"date_range_isim":[1970],"containers_ssim":["box 92","folder 16"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#1589","_nest_parent_":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_60421e776c845bf7cd0dc7e916c56d99","_root_":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","timestamp":"2026-04-21T02:08:51.248Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","title_filing_ssi":"Sudarkasa, Niara Collection","title_ssm":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection"],"title_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection"],"ead_ssi":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","unitdate_ssm":["1934-2006"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1934-2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["AARLCC.2006.4","/repositories/2/resources/51"],"text":["AARLCC.2006.4","/repositories/2/resources/51","Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006","Bahamian Americans","Correspondence","Photographs","plaques (flat objects)","Periodicals","The Niara Sudarkasa Collection is open for research.","View a selection of digitized materials from the Niara Sudarkasa Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives.","Niara Sudarkasa, born Gloria Albertha Marshall to a Bahamian immigrant family on August 14, 1938, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, demonstrated exceptional academic promise from an early age. She graduated from Dillard High School at just 14 years old and, at 15, entered Fisk University on a Ford Foundation scholarship to study English. Her intellectual journey deepened at Oberlin College, where exposure to courses on the African diaspora inspired her to change her major to Sociology-Anthropology, earning her bachelor's degree in 1957.","Gloria enrolled at Columbia University in New York, where she pursued graduate studies in Anthropology. She earned both her Master's (1959) and Ph.D. degrees in (1964), becoming the first African American woman to teach at Columbia University. Following the completion of her doctorate, Dr. Sudarkasa was appointed assistant professor of anthropology at New York University (1970-1976), again marking a historic first for an African American woman. ","Gloria Albertha Marshall adopted the name Niara Sudarkasa to reflect her evolving identity as a cultural bridge between African Americans and continental Africans. Her name change marked a deepening commitment to diasporic connection and cultural reclamation.\nAt the University of Michigan, Dr. Sudarkasa continued to break barriers, becoming the first African American faculty member in the Department of Anthropology. From 1978 to 1981, she served as Associate Director of the Center for Afro-American and African Studies, advancing scholarship and institutional support for African diaspora research.","In 1986, she became the first female president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania, a role she held until 1998. Her scholarship increasingly centered on the lives of women in West Africa and the enduring strength of the Black family. Her work in Nigeria earned her recognition from the royal court: in 2001, His Royal Majesty Aláyélúwà Ọba Ọkúnadé Sijuwade Olúbùsẹ II of the Royal Court of Ifẹ́ conferred upon her the chieftaincy title Yèyé Olókun Ìgbàdérò. She was the first African American to receive this honor from the Ifẹ́ Kingdom.","Following her retirement from higher education, Dr. Sudarkasa returned to her hometown of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where she became the first scholar-in-residence at the newly opened African American Research Library and Cultural Center in 2002.\nDr. Sudarkasa was married to John L. Clark and was the mother of Michael Sudarkasa. She passed away on May 31, 2019, at the age of 80, leaving behind a legacy of scholarship, leadership, and cultural stewardship.","The Niara Sudarkasa Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection. ","Parts of the collection have received file level processing. From January 2022 to May 2024, FIU interns, Emmanuel George, and Dominique St. Victor processed \"Series I. Correspondence\" and \"Series III. Professional Papers, Sub-series 1. Writings by Niara Sudarkasa and Sub-series 2. Writings by Others\" as part of the WPHL-FIU Community Data Curation grant.","The Niara Sudarkasa Collection documents the career of anthropologist, Africanist, professor, and university president Dr. Niara Sudarkasa. The collection contains correspondence, scholarly writings, publications, research files, audio visual materials, awards, and business papers dating from 1934 to 2006. The collection also includes Dr. Sudarka's personal library of more than 2,500 books, journals, and pamphlets. The collection highlights Dr. Sudarkasa's professional achievements including becoming the first woman president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania and first Black faculty member of the Anthropology Department at the University of Michigan. Her papers are a unique resource on Yoruba language and culture, ethnic groups in higher education, and the Black Power Movement in the United States. They also document her work to strengthen international programs at Lincoln and the University of Michigan.","Books from this collection were cataloged in the Broward County Library catalog with the prefix \"SUD\".","AARLCC Special Collections","University of Michigan. 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She graduated from Dillard High School at just 14 years old and, at 15, entered Fisk University on a Ford Foundation scholarship to study English. Her intellectual journey deepened at Oberlin College, where exposure to courses on the African diaspora inspired her to change her major to Sociology-Anthropology, earning her bachelor's degree in 1957.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGloria enrolled at Columbia University in New York, where she pursued graduate studies in Anthropology. She earned both her Master's (1959) and Ph.D. degrees in (1964), becoming the first African American woman to teach at Columbia University. Following the completion of her doctorate, Dr. Sudarkasa was appointed assistant professor of anthropology at New York University (1970-1976), again marking a historic first for an African American woman. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGloria Albertha Marshall adopted the name Niara Sudarkasa to reflect her evolving identity as a cultural bridge between African Americans and continental Africans. Her name change marked a deepening commitment to diasporic connection and cultural reclamation.\nAt the University of Michigan, Dr. Sudarkasa continued to break barriers, becoming the first African American faculty member in the Department of Anthropology. From 1978 to 1981, she served as Associate Director of the Center for Afro-American and African Studies, advancing scholarship and institutional support for African diaspora research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1986, she became the first female president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania, a role she held until 1998. Her scholarship increasingly centered on the lives of women in West Africa and the enduring strength of the Black family. Her work in Nigeria earned her recognition from the royal court: in 2001, His Royal Majesty Al\u0026#xE1;y\u0026#xE9;l\u0026#xFA;w\u0026#xE0; \u0026#x1ECC;ba \u0026#x1ECC;k\u0026#xFA;nad\u0026#xE9; Sijuwade Ol\u0026#xFA;b\u0026#xF9;s\u0026#x1EB9; II of the Royal Court of If\u0026#x1EB9;\u0026#x301; conferred upon her the chieftaincy title Y\u0026#xE8;y\u0026#xE9; Ol\u0026#xF3;kun \u0026#xCC;gb\u0026#xE0;d\u0026#xE9;r\u0026#xF2;. She was the first African American to receive this honor from the If\u0026#x1EB9;\u0026#x301; Kingdom.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFollowing her retirement from higher education, Dr. Sudarkasa returned to her hometown of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where she became the first scholar-in-residence at the newly opened African American Research Library and Cultural Center in 2002.\nDr. Sudarkasa was married to John L. Clark and was the mother of Michael Sudarkasa. She passed away on May 31, 2019, at the age of 80, leaving behind a legacy of scholarship, leadership, and cultural stewardship.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa, born Gloria Albertha Marshall to a Bahamian immigrant family on August 14, 1938, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, demonstrated exceptional academic promise from an early age. She graduated from Dillard High School at just 14 years old and, at 15, entered Fisk University on a Ford Foundation scholarship to study English. Her intellectual journey deepened at Oberlin College, where exposure to courses on the African diaspora inspired her to change her major to Sociology-Anthropology, earning her bachelor's degree in 1957.","Gloria enrolled at Columbia University in New York, where she pursued graduate studies in Anthropology. She earned both her Master's (1959) and Ph.D. degrees in (1964), becoming the first African American woman to teach at Columbia University. Following the completion of her doctorate, Dr. Sudarkasa was appointed assistant professor of anthropology at New York University (1970-1976), again marking a historic first for an African American woman. ","Gloria Albertha Marshall adopted the name Niara Sudarkasa to reflect her evolving identity as a cultural bridge between African Americans and continental Africans. Her name change marked a deepening commitment to diasporic connection and cultural reclamation.\nAt the University of Michigan, Dr. Sudarkasa continued to break barriers, becoming the first African American faculty member in the Department of Anthropology. From 1978 to 1981, she served as Associate Director of the Center for Afro-American and African Studies, advancing scholarship and institutional support for African diaspora research.","In 1986, she became the first female president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania, a role she held until 1998. Her scholarship increasingly centered on the lives of women in West Africa and the enduring strength of the Black family. Her work in Nigeria earned her recognition from the royal court: in 2001, His Royal Majesty Aláyélúwà Ọba Ọkúnadé Sijuwade Olúbùsẹ II of the Royal Court of Ifẹ́ conferred upon her the chieftaincy title Yèyé Olókun Ìgbàdérò. She was the first African American to receive this honor from the Ifẹ́ Kingdom.","Following her retirement from higher education, Dr. Sudarkasa returned to her hometown of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where she became the first scholar-in-residence at the newly opened African American Research Library and Cultural Center in 2002.\nDr. Sudarkasa was married to John L. Clark and was the mother of Michael Sudarkasa. She passed away on May 31, 2019, at the age of 80, leaving behind a legacy of scholarship, leadership, and cultural stewardship."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNiara Sudarkasa Collection, African American Research Library and Cultural Center Special Collections, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, African American Research Library and Cultural Center Special Collections, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Niara Sudarkasa Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParts of the collection have received file level processing. From January 2022 to May 2024, FIU interns, Emmanuel George, and Dominique St. Victor processed \"Series I. Correspondence\" and \"Series III. Professional Papers, Sub-series 1. Writings by Niara Sudarkasa and Sub-series 2. Writings by Others\" as part of the WPHL-FIU Community Data Curation grant.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection. ","Parts of the collection have received file level processing. From January 2022 to May 2024, FIU interns, Emmanuel George, and Dominique St. Victor processed \"Series I. Correspondence\" and \"Series III. Professional Papers, Sub-series 1. Writings by Niara Sudarkasa and Sub-series 2. Writings by Others\" as part of the WPHL-FIU Community Data Curation grant."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Niara Sudarkasa Collection documents the career of anthropologist, Africanist, professor, and university president Dr. Niara Sudarkasa. The collection contains correspondence, scholarly writings, publications, research files, audio visual materials, awards, and business papers dating from 1934 to 2006. The collection also includes Dr. Sudarka's personal library of more than 2,500 books, journals, and pamphlets. The collection highlights Dr. Sudarkasa's professional achievements including becoming the first woman president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania and first Black faculty member of the Anthropology Department at the University of Michigan. Her papers are a unique resource on Yoruba language and culture, ethnic groups in higher education, and the Black Power Movement in the United States. They also document her work to strengthen international programs at Lincoln and the University of Michigan.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection documents the career of anthropologist, Africanist, professor, and university president Dr. Niara Sudarkasa. The collection contains correspondence, scholarly writings, publications, research files, audio visual materials, awards, and business papers dating from 1934 to 2006. The collection also includes Dr. Sudarka's personal library of more than 2,500 books, journals, and pamphlets. The collection highlights Dr. Sudarkasa's professional achievements including becoming the first woman president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania and first Black faculty member of the Anthropology Department at the University of Michigan. Her papers are a unique resource on Yoruba language and culture, ethnic groups in higher education, and the Black Power Movement in the United States. They also document her work to strengthen international programs at Lincoln and the University of Michigan."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://broward.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/search/results?qu=SUD\u0026amp;qf=LOCATION%09Shelf+Location%091%3AAF-SPC%09AARLCC+Special+Collections\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBooks from this collection were cataloged in the Broward County Library catalog with the prefix \"SUD\".\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Access the Books"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Books from this collection were cataloged in the Broward County Library catalog with the prefix \"SUD\"."],"names_coll_ssim":["University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)"],"names_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections","University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)","Sudarkasa, Niara"],"corpname_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections","University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)"],"persname_ssim":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2760,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","timestamp":"2026-04-21T02:08:51.248Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_8427dfbaf37addc684191a63d95fe039"}},{"id":"5e3bbf735cc1bfaad29d7a9c_aspace_2b0b5cb7f1a2c507754016d312942ef9","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"William A. Dyer - Babson Park","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5e3bbf735cc1bfaad29d7a9c_aspace_2b0b5cb7f1a2c507754016d312942ef9#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_2b0b5cb7f1a2c507754016d312942ef9","ref_ssm":["aspace_2b0b5cb7f1a2c507754016d312942ef9","aspace_2b0b5cb7f1a2c507754016d312942ef9"],"id":"5e3bbf735cc1bfaad29d7a9c_aspace_2b0b5cb7f1a2c507754016d312942ef9","title_filing_ssi":"William A. Dyer - Babson Park","title_ssm":["William A. Dyer - Babson Park"],"title_tesim":["William A. Dyer - Babson Park"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William A. Dyer - Babson Park"],"text":["William A. Dyer - Babson Park","Florida Audubon Society Maitland records, 1900-2000","Box 7 - Cabinet 1, Drawer 4","Folder 7","/repositories/2/archival_objects/173327","box 7","folder 7"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["5e3bbf735cc1bfaad29d7a9c","5e3bbf735cc1bfaad29d7a9c_aspace_53426a86ca7aa92f9185f21a1d9f6306"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Florida Audubon Society Maitland records, 1900-2000","Box 7 - Cabinet 1, Drawer 4"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Florida Audubon Society Maitland records, 1900-2000","Box 7 - Cabinet 1, Drawer 4"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Box"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 7","/repositories/2/archival_objects/173327"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Florida Audubon Society Maitland records, 1900-2000"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":160,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Until 2034, USF Libraries must provide 90 day notice to Florida Audubon Society in advance of any exhibition or cultural activity initiated by USF Libraries in which the sole focus of the exhibitions or or activity is the Florida Audubon Society."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"containers_ssim":["box 7","folder 7"],"_nest_path_":"/components#5/components#6","_nest_parent_":"5e3bbf735cc1bfaad29d7a9c_aspace_53426a86ca7aa92f9185f21a1d9f6306","_root_":"5e3bbf735cc1bfaad29d7a9c","_version_":1870863566723088384,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:35:32.977Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"5e3bbf735cc1bfaad29d7a9c","title_ssm":["Florida Audubon Society Maitland records"],"title_tesim":["Florida Audubon Society Maitland records"],"ead_ssi":"5e3bbf735cc1bfaad29d7a9c","unitdate_ssm":["1900-2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1900-2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["File","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-2023-04","/repositories/2/resources/621"],"text":["MS-2023-04","/repositories/2/resources/621","Florida Audubon Society Maitland records, 1900-2000","Until 2034, USF Libraries must provide 90 day notice to Florida Audubon Society in advance of any exhibition or cultural activity initiated by USF Libraries in which the sole focus of the exhibitions or or activity is the Florida Audubon Society.","None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-2023-04","/repositories/2/resources/621"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1900-2000"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Florida Audubon Society Maitland records, 1900-2000"],"collection_title_tesim":["Florida Audubon Society Maitland records, 1900-2000"],"collection_ssim":["Florida Audubon Society Maitland records, 1900-2000"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"access_terms_ssm":["None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["102 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["102 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUntil 2034, USF Libraries must provide 90 day notice to Florida Audubon Society in advance of any exhibition or cultural activity initiated by USF Libraries in which the sole focus of the exhibitions or or activity is the Florida Audubon Society.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Until 2034, USF Libraries must provide 90 day notice to Florida Audubon Society in advance of any exhibition or cultural activity initiated by USF Libraries in which the sole focus of the exhibitions or or activity is the Florida Audubon Society."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0; The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2356,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870863566723088384,"_root_":"5e3bbf735cc1bfaad29d7a9c","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:35:32.977Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5e3bbf735cc1bfaad29d7a9c_aspace_2b0b5cb7f1a2c507754016d312942ef9"}},{"id":"bec408ef355489ed2515918e_aspace_9711","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"William A. Harris Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, Undated","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/bec408ef355489ed2515918e_aspace_9711#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_9711","ref_ssm":["aspace_9711","aspace_9711"],"id":"bec408ef355489ed2515918e_aspace_9711","title_filing_ssi":"William A. Harris Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia","title_ssm":["William A. Harris Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia"],"title_tesim":["William A. Harris Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["Undated"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William A. Harris Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, Undated"],"text":["William A. Harris Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, Undated","African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003","Photographs, 1800-1989, Undated","Civil Rights Movement, 1948-1963, Undated.","Folder 1","/repositories/4/archival_objects/24187","box 16","folder 1"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["bec408ef355489ed2515918e","bec408ef355489ed2515918e_aspace_9385","bec408ef355489ed2515918e_aspace_9709"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003","Photographs, 1800-1989, Undated","Civil Rights Movement, 1948-1963, Undated."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003","Photographs, 1800-1989, Undated","Civil Rights Movement, 1948-1963, Undated."],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 1","/repositories/4/archival_objects/24187"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":805,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"containers_ssim":["box 16","folder 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#5/components#2/components#0","_nest_parent_":"bec408ef355489ed2515918e_aspace_9709","_root_":"bec408ef355489ed2515918e","_version_":1879192534963453952,"timestamp":"2026-10-16T08:00:56.160Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"bec408ef355489ed2515918e","title_ssm":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection"],"title_tesim":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection"],"ead_ssi":"bec408ef355489ed2515918e","unitdate_ssm":["1791-2003"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1791-2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC085","/repositories/4/resources/106"],"text":["SC085","/repositories/4/resources/106","African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003","Apopka (Fla.)--History","African Americans -- History","African American photographers","African Americans -- Florida","African Americans -- Photography","Civil Rights","Civil War","photographs","The entire collection is open for research.","Carol Mundy has been an avid collector of African American memorabilia since the early 1990s when she purchased a copy of the 1901 edition of The Complete Life of William McKinley and Story of His Assassination. Included in the book was an 1880 correspondence from the U.S. army to the 10th Cavalry of \"Buffalo Soldiers.\" This discovery was the first step in a journey that would take her around the country in a quest to preserve African American culture. This quest ultimately led to the acquisition of more than 1,500 artifacts and documents that range from 1794 to 2010. Ms. Mundy also founded her own non-profit organization, African American History Education and Culture Society, and has curated a traveling exhibit entitled, \"The African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection.\" Further, Ms. Mundy has partnered with the University of Central Florida's Department of African American Studies to found the \"Carol E. Mundy African American Cultural and Diasporic Research Center\" using artifacts from the collection. According to their website, \"The Center will be fostered through research, dissemination of historical information and social traditions, educational programs, exhibits, conferences and related activities.\"","Processed by John Venecek, Sandra Varry, and Erica England; finding aid created by Nadeen Kiwan. Additional materials added to the collection by Antonice L. Morin in 2021.","A small book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search for the \"Carol Mundy Library\" in the  Online Catalog .","This collection consists of over 1,500 items related to the African American experience in the following formats: monographs, manuscripts, sheet music, pamphlets, journals, newspapers, broadsides, posters, photographs, and rare ephemera. These materials are divided into six topical series:","\nSeries I: Apopka Documents, 1892-1950, consists mostly of the personal papers of local businessmen, George Oden (1862-1939) and Michael Gladden, executor of Oden's estate. Also significant are a number of documents from Ella Wall, an Apopka resident who was the inspiration for a character in Zora Neale Hurston's Mules and Men. Mrs. Wall ran an Orange Grove, and was a close friend and confidant of Michael Gladden, Jr. until her death. Materials in this series largely consist of purchase receipts, tax forms, and other legal documents.","\nSeries II: Civil Rights-era, 1950-1997, consists of ephemera including magazines, sheet music, pamphlets, posters, and post cards. Not all the items in this series pertain directly to the Civil Rights Movement per se; rather they are grouped together because they fall within a specific date range.","\nSeries III: Dolls, circa 1930-1949, includes hand-made Caribbean island dolls, puppets and marionettes originating from the Caribbean.","\nSeries IV: Early America \u0026 Civil War-era, 1794-1892, contains the oldest materials in the collection that bookend the Civil War. Materials include magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, photographs and illustrations. Of particular interest is an original Buffalo Soldier muster roll signed by Colonel Abner Doubleday, discharge papers from 1874, and an authentic slave bill of sale.","\nSeries V: An oversized 19th century bible, 1857-1890, in a protective cloth clamshell and 11 black and white photographs that were originally stored inside the bible. The photographs vary both in subject and format, but do include several tintypes as well as portraits taken by notable African American photographer, James Presley (J.P.) Ball.","\nSeries VI: Photographs, 1860s - 1960s, includes a large collection of photographs that range from the 1860s - the 1960s. The \"assorted\" photographs in this collection are arranged chronologically, but there are several thematic sub-series as well. Those subseries include Bishop College, Civil Rights Movement, Civil Rights-era, South Dakota, and William T. Vernon photographs.","\nSeries VII: Visual Material, 1800s - 1969, consists of advertisements, postcards, product packaging, illustrations from magazines and newspapers, and other assorted \"visual\" ephemera. Much of the material in this series is considered racist or \"derogatory.\"","\nSeries VIII: Miscellaneous, 1880s - 1989, contains a small collection of materials that didn't fit into one of the other series. These materials include booklets, documents, pamphlets, and objects such as pins and medallions.","Series IX: Additional Materials, 1791 - 1990, consists of audio and visual items. In this series there are letters with envelopes and telegraphs. Letters delivered were most commonly with the family members of Blanche Kalfus and James Brasswell. There are official government documents and business documents consisting of receipts, deeds, contracts, notary public certificates, and justice of the peace certificates. This series also includes postcards, greeting, birthday and holiday cards, and invitations. There is memorabilia such as military buttons, pins, and patches, and a Civil War Veterans Metal. The photographs in this series consist of African American men, women, and children along with stereographs consisting of places and group photos. There are many different newsclippings, articles, programs, and advertisements.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","Collector, Ms. Carol Mundy amassed this collection of monographs, manuscripts, sheet music, pamphlets, journals, newspapers, broadsides, posters, photographs, and rare ephemera focusing on the African American history. While the collection is comprehensive both nationally and internationally, it also contains materials that pertain to the African American experience in central Florida.","UCF Special Collections","Mundy, Carol","Ball, James Presley, 1825-1904","Willis, Deborah, 1948-","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC085","/repositories/4/resources/106"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1791-2003"],"normalized_title_ssm":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003"],"collection_title_tesim":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003"],"collection_ssim":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Apopka (Fla.)--History"],"geogname_ssim":["Apopka (Fla.)--History"],"creator_ssm":["Mundy, Carol"],"creator_ssim":["Mundy, Carol"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Mundy, Carol"],"creators_ssim":["Mundy, Carol"],"places_ssim":["Apopka (Fla.)--History"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Most of these materials were purchased by the University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives from Carol Mundy in 2009 (CFM2009_02). Additional materials were donated in 2010/2012 (CFM2012_02) and 2019 (CFM2019_01)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","African American photographers","African Americans -- Florida","African Americans -- Photography","Civil Rights","Civil War","photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","African American photographers","African Americans -- Florida","African Americans -- Photography","Civil Rights","Civil War","photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["26 Linear Feet 36 boxes and 73 flat files"],"extent_tesim":["26 Linear Feet 36 boxes and 73 flat files"],"genreform_ssim":["photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarol Mundy has been an avid collector of African American memorabilia since the early 1990s when she purchased a copy of the 1901 edition of The Complete Life of William McKinley and Story of His Assassination. Included in the book was an 1880 correspondence from the U.S. army to the 10th Cavalry of \"Buffalo Soldiers.\" This discovery was the first step in a journey that would take her around the country in a quest to preserve African American culture. This quest ultimately led to the acquisition of more than 1,500 artifacts and documents that range from 1794 to 2010. Ms. Mundy also founded her own non-profit organization, African American History Education and Culture Society, and has curated a traveling exhibit entitled, \"The African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection.\" Further, Ms. Mundy has partnered with the University of Central Florida's Department of African American Studies to found the \"Carol E. Mundy African American Cultural and Diasporic Research Center\" using artifacts from the collection. According to their website, \"The Center will be fostered through research, dissemination of historical information and social traditions, educational programs, exhibits, conferences and related activities.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Carol Mundy has been an avid collector of African American memorabilia since the early 1990s when she purchased a copy of the 1901 edition of The Complete Life of William McKinley and Story of His Assassination. Included in the book was an 1880 correspondence from the U.S. army to the 10th Cavalry of \"Buffalo Soldiers.\" This discovery was the first step in a journey that would take her around the country in a quest to preserve African American culture. This quest ultimately led to the acquisition of more than 1,500 artifacts and documents that range from 1794 to 2010. Ms. Mundy also founded her own non-profit organization, African American History Education and Culture Society, and has curated a traveling exhibit entitled, \"The African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection.\" Further, Ms. Mundy has partnered with the University of Central Florida's Department of African American Studies to found the \"Carol E. Mundy African American Cultural and Diasporic Research Center\" using artifacts from the collection. According to their website, \"The Center will be fostered through research, dissemination of historical information and social traditions, educational programs, exhibits, conferences and related activities.\""],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAfrican American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1794-2010, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1794-2010, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by John Venecek, Sandra Varry, and Erica England; finding aid created by Nadeen Kiwan. Additional materials added to the collection by Antonice L. Morin in 2021.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by John Venecek, Sandra Varry, and Erica England; finding aid created by Nadeen Kiwan. Additional materials added to the collection by Antonice L. Morin in 2021."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA small book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search for the \"Carol Mundy Library\" in the \u003cextref href=\"https://library.ucf.edu\"\u003eOnline Catalog\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["A small book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search for the \"Carol Mundy Library\" in the  Online Catalog ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of over 1,500 items related to the African American experience in the following formats: monographs, manuscripts, sheet music, pamphlets, journals, newspapers, broadsides, posters, photographs, and rare ephemera. These materials are divided into six topical series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I: Apopka Documents, 1892-1950, consists mostly of the personal papers of local businessmen, George Oden (1862-1939) and Michael Gladden, executor of Oden's estate. Also significant are a number of documents from Ella Wall, an Apopka resident who was the inspiration for a character in Zora Neale Hurston's Mules and Men. Mrs. Wall ran an Orange Grove, and was a close friend and confidant of Michael Gladden, Jr. until her death. Materials in this series largely consist of purchase receipts, tax forms, and other legal documents.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Civil Rights-era, 1950-1997, consists of ephemera including magazines, sheet music, pamphlets, posters, and post cards. Not all the items in this series pertain directly to the Civil Rights Movement per se; rather they are grouped together because they fall within a specific date range.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Dolls, circa 1930-1949, includes hand-made Caribbean island dolls, puppets and marionettes originating from the Caribbean.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Early America \u0026amp; Civil War-era, 1794-1892, contains the oldest materials in the collection that bookend the Civil War. Materials include magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, photographs and illustrations. Of particular interest is an original Buffalo Soldier muster roll signed by Colonel Abner Doubleday, discharge papers from 1874, and an authentic slave bill of sale.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: An oversized 19th century bible, 1857-1890, in a protective cloth clamshell and 11 black and white photographs that were originally stored inside the bible. The photographs vary both in subject and format, but do include several tintypes as well as portraits taken by notable African American photographer, James Presley (J.P.) Ball.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Photographs, 1860s - 1960s, includes a large collection of photographs that range from the 1860s - the 1960s. The \"assorted\" photographs in this collection are arranged chronologically, but there are several thematic sub-series as well. Those subseries include Bishop College, Civil Rights Movement, Civil Rights-era, South Dakota, and William T. Vernon photographs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Visual Material, 1800s - 1969, consists of advertisements, postcards, product packaging, illustrations from magazines and newspapers, and other assorted \"visual\" ephemera. Much of the material in this series is considered racist or \"derogatory.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VIII: Miscellaneous, 1880s - 1989, contains a small collection of materials that didn't fit into one of the other series. These materials include booklets, documents, pamphlets, and objects such as pins and medallions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX: Additional Materials, 1791 - 1990, consists of audio and visual items. In this series there are letters with envelopes and telegraphs. Letters delivered were most commonly with the family members of Blanche Kalfus and James Brasswell. There are official government documents and business documents consisting of receipts, deeds, contracts, notary public certificates, and justice of the peace certificates. This series also includes postcards, greeting, birthday and holiday cards, and invitations. There is memorabilia such as military buttons, pins, and patches, and a Civil War Veterans Metal. The photographs in this series consist of African American men, women, and children along with stereographs consisting of places and group photos. There are many different newsclippings, articles, programs, and advertisements.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of over 1,500 items related to the African American experience in the following formats: monographs, manuscripts, sheet music, pamphlets, journals, newspapers, broadsides, posters, photographs, and rare ephemera. These materials are divided into six topical series:","\nSeries I: Apopka Documents, 1892-1950, consists mostly of the personal papers of local businessmen, George Oden (1862-1939) and Michael Gladden, executor of Oden's estate. Also significant are a number of documents from Ella Wall, an Apopka resident who was the inspiration for a character in Zora Neale Hurston's Mules and Men. Mrs. Wall ran an Orange Grove, and was a close friend and confidant of Michael Gladden, Jr. until her death. Materials in this series largely consist of purchase receipts, tax forms, and other legal documents.","\nSeries II: Civil Rights-era, 1950-1997, consists of ephemera including magazines, sheet music, pamphlets, posters, and post cards. Not all the items in this series pertain directly to the Civil Rights Movement per se; rather they are grouped together because they fall within a specific date range.","\nSeries III: Dolls, circa 1930-1949, includes hand-made Caribbean island dolls, puppets and marionettes originating from the Caribbean.","\nSeries IV: Early America \u0026 Civil War-era, 1794-1892, contains the oldest materials in the collection that bookend the Civil War. Materials include magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, photographs and illustrations. Of particular interest is an original Buffalo Soldier muster roll signed by Colonel Abner Doubleday, discharge papers from 1874, and an authentic slave bill of sale.","\nSeries V: An oversized 19th century bible, 1857-1890, in a protective cloth clamshell and 11 black and white photographs that were originally stored inside the bible. The photographs vary both in subject and format, but do include several tintypes as well as portraits taken by notable African American photographer, James Presley (J.P.) Ball.","\nSeries VI: Photographs, 1860s - 1960s, includes a large collection of photographs that range from the 1860s - the 1960s. The \"assorted\" photographs in this collection are arranged chronologically, but there are several thematic sub-series as well. Those subseries include Bishop College, Civil Rights Movement, Civil Rights-era, South Dakota, and William T. Vernon photographs.","\nSeries VII: Visual Material, 1800s - 1969, consists of advertisements, postcards, product packaging, illustrations from magazines and newspapers, and other assorted \"visual\" ephemera. Much of the material in this series is considered racist or \"derogatory.\"","\nSeries VIII: Miscellaneous, 1880s - 1989, contains a small collection of materials that didn't fit into one of the other series. These materials include booklets, documents, pamphlets, and objects such as pins and medallions.","Series IX: Additional Materials, 1791 - 1990, consists of audio and visual items. In this series there are letters with envelopes and telegraphs. Letters delivered were most commonly with the family members of Blanche Kalfus and James Brasswell. There are official government documents and business documents consisting of receipts, deeds, contracts, notary public certificates, and justice of the peace certificates. This series also includes postcards, greeting, birthday and holiday cards, and invitations. There is memorabilia such as military buttons, pins, and patches, and a Civil War Veterans Metal. The photographs in this series consist of African American men, women, and children along with stereographs consisting of places and group photos. There are many different newsclippings, articles, programs, and advertisements."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4cf0eb7fc38bbc5bdebff00649325802\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCollector, Ms. Carol Mundy amassed this collection of monographs, manuscripts, sheet music, pamphlets, journals, newspapers, broadsides, posters, photographs, and rare ephemera focusing on the African American history. While the collection is comprehensive both nationally and internationally, it also contains materials that pertain to the African American experience in central Florida.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Collector, Ms. Carol Mundy amassed this collection of monographs, manuscripts, sheet music, pamphlets, journals, newspapers, broadsides, posters, photographs, and rare ephemera focusing on the African American history. While the collection is comprehensive both nationally and internationally, it also contains materials that pertain to the African American experience in central Florida."],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Mundy, Carol","Ball, James Presley, 1825-1904","Willis, Deborah, 1948-"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Ball, James Presley, 1825-1904","Willis, Deborah, 1948-"],"persname_ssim":["Mundy, Carol","Ball, James Presley, 1825-1904","Willis, Deborah, 1948-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1675,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1879192534963453952,"_root_":"bec408ef355489ed2515918e","timestamp":"2026-10-16T08:00:56.160Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/bec408ef355489ed2515918e_aspace_9711"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Claude Pepper Papers, 1900-1989","value":"Claude Pepper Papers, 1900-1989","hits":38466},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Claude+Pepper+Papers%2C+1900-1989\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Tom Brokaw collection, 1941-1997, bulk 1998-2007","value":"Tom Brokaw collection, 1941-1997, bulk 1998-2007","hits":8744},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Tom+Brokaw+collection%2C+1941-1997%2C+bulk+1998-2007\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Sam Gibbons collection, 1940-2000, 1996, bulk 1960-1996","value":"Sam Gibbons collection, 1940-2000, 1996, bulk 1960-1996","hits":8167},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Sam+Gibbons+collection%2C+1940-2000%2C+1996%2C+bulk+1960-1996\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"University Communications Collection, 1940-2013, bulk 1990-2013","value":"University Communications Collection, 1940-2013, bulk 1990-2013","hits":8132},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=University+Communications+Collection%2C+1940-2013%2C+bulk+1990-2013\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Degen Playbill Collection, 1895-2023","value":"Degen Playbill Collection, 1895-2023","hits":7504},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Degen+Playbill+Collection%2C+1895-2023\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Gandy Commercial and Aerial Photography collection, 1950-2010, Date acquired: 12/01/2010","value":"Gandy Commercial and Aerial Photography collection, 1950-2010, Date acquired: 12/01/2010","hits":6282},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Gandy+Commercial+and+Aerial+Photography+collection%2C+1950-2010%2C+Date+acquired%3A+12%2F01%2F2010\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"William Knight Zewadski Classical movie stills collection, 1860-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/2018","value":"William Knight Zewadski Classical movie stills collection, 1860-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/2018","hits":6121},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=William+Knight+Zewadski+Classical+movie+stills+collection%2C+1860-2007%2C+Date+acquired%3A+00%2F00%2F2018\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Mark Wallheiser Photographic Collection, 1980-2024","value":"Mark Wallheiser Photographic Collection, 1980-2024","hits":5346},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Mark+Wallheiser+Photographic+Collection%2C+1980-2024\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Harrison \"Buzz\" Price papers, 1948-2006","value":"Harrison \"Buzz\" Price papers, 1948-2006","hits":4992},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Harrison+%22Buzz%22+Price+papers%2C+1948-2006\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Vertical files, 1900-2005","value":"Vertical files, 1900-2005","hits":4915},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Vertical+files%2C+1900-2005\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Hampton Dunn collection, 1916-2002, Date acquired: 00/00/1981, bulk 1960-2002","value":"Hampton Dunn collection, 1916-2002, Date acquired: 00/00/1981, bulk 1960-2002","hits":4821},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Hampton+Dunn+collection%2C+1916-2002%2C+Date+acquired%3A+00%2F00%2F1981%2C+bulk+1960-2002\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/facet/collection_ssim.json?view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"creator_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Creator","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Henry Clay and Bock \u0026 Co., Ltd. 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