{"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?facet.sort=count\u0026page=65672","prev":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?facet.sort=count\u0026page=65671","next":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?facet.sort=count\u0026page=65673","last":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?facet.sort=count\u0026page=65773"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":65672,"next_page":65673,"prev_page":65671,"total_pages":65773,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":656710,"total_count":657728,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"ce345cc08d6fdaa3e5a433bc_aspace_102569","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Y. Samuel McKee, William P. Duval, and Thomas Montgomery, \"Reflections on the Law of 1813, for Laying an Embargo on All Ships and Vessels in the Ports and Harbors of the United States\"","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/ce345cc08d6fdaa3e5a433bc_aspace_102569#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_102569","ref_ssm":["aspace_102569","aspace_102569"],"id":"ce345cc08d6fdaa3e5a433bc_aspace_102569","title_filing_ssi":"Y. Samuel McKee, William P. Duval, and Thomas Montgomery, \"Reflections on the Law of 1813, for Laying an Embargo on All Ships and Vessels in the Ports and Harbors of the United States\"","title_ssm":["Y. Samuel McKee, William P. Duval, and Thomas Montgomery, \"Reflections on the Law of 1813, for Laying an Embargo on All Ships and Vessels in the Ports and Harbors of the United States\""],"title_tesim":["Y. Samuel McKee, William P. Duval, and Thomas Montgomery, \"Reflections on the Law of 1813, for Laying an Embargo on All Ships and Vessels in the Ports and Harbors of the United States\""],"normalized_title_ssm":["Y. Samuel McKee, William P. Duval, and Thomas Montgomery, \"Reflections on the Law of 1813, for Laying an Embargo on All Ships and Vessels in the Ports and Harbors of the United States\""],"text":["Y. Samuel McKee, William P. Duval, and Thomas Montgomery, \"Reflections on the Law of 1813, for Laying an Embargo on All Ships and Vessels in the Ports and Harbors of the United States\"","Frank L. Snyder collection, 1802-1993, Date acquired: 08/10/1993","Correspondence and Misc. Documents","Box 23","Folder 2","/repositories/2/archival_objects/48788","box 23","folder 2"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["ce345cc08d6fdaa3e5a433bc","ce345cc08d6fdaa3e5a433bc_aspace_102041","ce345cc08d6fdaa3e5a433bc_aspace_102567"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Frank L. Snyder collection, 1802-1993, Date acquired: 08/10/1993","Correspondence and Misc. Documents","Box 23"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Frank L. Snyder collection, 1802-1993, Date acquired: 08/10/1993","Correspondence and Misc. Documents","Box 23"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Box"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 2","/repositories/2/archival_objects/48788"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Frank L. Snyder collection, 1802-1993, Date acquired: 08/10/1993"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":283,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"containers_ssim":["box 23","folder 2"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#4/components#1","_nest_parent_":"ce345cc08d6fdaa3e5a433bc_aspace_102567","_root_":"ce345cc08d6fdaa3e5a433bc","_version_":1870862803136413696,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:23:24.863Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"ce345cc08d6fdaa3e5a433bc","title_ssm":["Frank L. Snyder collection"],"title_tesim":["Frank L. Snyder collection"],"ead_ssi":"ce345cc08d6fdaa3e5a433bc","unitdate_ssm":["1802-1993","Date acquired: 08/10/1993"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1802-1993"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 08/10/1993"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-1993-09","/repositories/2/resources/295"],"text":["MS-1993-09","/repositories/2/resources/295","Frank L. Snyder collection, 1802-1993, Date acquired: 08/10/1993","Florida -- History","Florida -- Politics and government","Computer disks added September 1993.","Arranged by type of record. The materials from the Frank L. Snyder Library are organized numerically.","Frank Leonard Snyder was born in Cleveland, Ohio on February 23, 1924. He graduated from the United States Air Force Armament School in Denver in 1942 and served in the United States Air Force during World War II. Frank held various careers, including draftsman, engineer, executive, and professor. He retired in 1978 and began teaching business courses and at church ministries. Frank devoted much of his later years to the study of William Pope Duval, Florida's first civilian Territorial governor. He also wrote a history of Clearwater Christian College. Frank L. Snyder died at Bay Pines V. A. Medical Center (Bay Pines, Florida) in 1993.","Helen-Louise Snyder (1923-2016) née Davenport, married Gaius M. Palmer in 1942. The couple had three children: Charles, Carl, and Sarah. Helen-Louise was Vice President of the Buffalo, NY League of Women Voters, a member of the Buffalo Federation of Women's Clubs, President of the Sweet Home School District PTA, and a Cub Scout Den mother. She was secretary to a vice-president of Trico Corporation and Administrative Assistant to the President of Boss-Linco Trucking. Helen-Louise married Frank L. Snyder in 1978. They moved to Florida where Helen-Louise helped Frank in his research on Duval and Fremont, traveling across the country for original manuscripts and data. She was also interim Dean of Women at Clearwater Christian College where Frank was a professor of history. After Frank's death in 1993, she moved to California for two years to help with her granddaughter Kathryn Woodworth, then moved to Richmond, Kentucky where she was the Administrator of the Newman Center at Eastern Kentucky University in Richmond Kentucky until her retirement at age 86. She had a keen mind, was an avid reader, and an accomplished artist.","The Dr. Frank L. Snyder Collection consists of the materials Dr. Snyder and Helen-Louise Snyder (née Davenport) gathered on Governor William Duval. The collection also consists of Dr. Snyder's personal papers, library, computer files, photographs, awards, and plaques. ","The Duval materials, dated roughly from 1802 to 1993, comprise photocopies of research notes, articles, books, computer files, microfilm, and photographs by or about Duval. ","Dr. Frank L. Snyder's personal papers and artifacts document his corporate and academic careers. Snyder personally referred to the majority of his collection as the Frank L. Snyder Library, which comprises Boxes 1 through 29. Boxes 30 through 46, arranged by type of record, contain the remainder of the collection.","None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Snyder, Frank L. (1924-1993)","Snyder, Helen-Louise (Helen-Louise Davenport Snyder)","Duvall, William Pope (1784-1854)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-1993-09","/repositories/2/resources/295"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1802-1993, Date acquired: 08/10/1993"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frank L. Snyder collection, 1802-1993, Date acquired: 08/10/1993"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frank L. Snyder collection, 1802-1993, Date acquired: 08/10/1993"],"collection_ssim":["Frank L. Snyder collection, 1802-1993, Date acquired: 08/10/1993"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Florida -- History","Florida -- Politics and government"],"geogname_ssim":["Florida -- History","Florida -- Politics and government"],"creator_ssm":["Snyder, Frank L. (1924-1993)","Snyder, Helen-Louise (Helen-Louise Davenport Snyder)"],"creator_ssim":["Snyder, Frank L. (1924-1993)","Snyder, Helen-Louise (Helen-Louise Davenport Snyder)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Snyder, Frank L. (1924-1993)","Snyder, Helen-Louise (Helen-Louise Davenport Snyder)"],"creators_ssim":["Snyder, Frank L. (1924-1993)","Snyder, Helen-Louise (Helen-Louise Davenport Snyder)"],"places_ssim":["Florida -- History","Florida -- Politics and government"],"access_terms_ssm":["None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Frank L. Snyder; Helen-Louise Snyder","Donation"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["23.21 Linear Feet","46 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["23.21 Linear Feet","46 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eComputer disks added September 1993.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Computer disks added September 1993."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged by type of record. The materials from the Frank L. Snyder Library are organized numerically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged by type of record. The materials from the Frank L. Snyder Library are organized numerically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrank Leonard Snyder was born in Cleveland, Ohio on February 23, 1924. He graduated from the United States Air Force Armament School in Denver in 1942 and served in the United States Air Force during World War II. Frank held various careers, including draftsman, engineer, executive, and professor. He retired in 1978 and began teaching business courses and at church ministries. Frank devoted much of his later years to the study of William Pope Duval, Florida's first civilian Territorial governor. He also wrote a history of Clearwater Christian College. Frank L. Snyder died at Bay Pines V. A. Medical Center (Bay Pines, Florida) in 1993.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHelen-Louise Snyder (1923-2016) n\u0026#xE9;e Davenport, married Gaius M. Palmer in 1942. The couple had three children: Charles, Carl, and Sarah. Helen-Louise was Vice President of the Buffalo, NY League of Women Voters, a member of the Buffalo Federation of Women's Clubs, President of the Sweet Home School District PTA, and a Cub Scout Den mother. She was secretary to a vice-president of Trico Corporation and Administrative Assistant to the President of Boss-Linco Trucking. Helen-Louise married Frank L. Snyder in 1978. They moved to Florida where Helen-Louise helped Frank in his research on Duval and Fremont, traveling across the country for original manuscripts and data. She was also interim Dean of Women at Clearwater Christian College where Frank was a professor of history. After Frank's death in 1993, she moved to California for two years to help with her granddaughter Kathryn Woodworth, then moved to Richmond, Kentucky where she was the Administrator of the Newman Center at Eastern Kentucky University in Richmond Kentucky until her retirement at age 86. She had a keen mind, was an avid reader, and an accomplished artist.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Frank Leonard Snyder was born in Cleveland, Ohio on February 23, 1924. He graduated from the United States Air Force Armament School in Denver in 1942 and served in the United States Air Force during World War II. Frank held various careers, including draftsman, engineer, executive, and professor. He retired in 1978 and began teaching business courses and at church ministries. Frank devoted much of his later years to the study of William Pope Duval, Florida's first civilian Territorial governor. He also wrote a history of Clearwater Christian College. Frank L. Snyder died at Bay Pines V. A. Medical Center (Bay Pines, Florida) in 1993.","Helen-Louise Snyder (1923-2016) née Davenport, married Gaius M. Palmer in 1942. The couple had three children: Charles, Carl, and Sarah. Helen-Louise was Vice President of the Buffalo, NY League of Women Voters, a member of the Buffalo Federation of Women's Clubs, President of the Sweet Home School District PTA, and a Cub Scout Den mother. She was secretary to a vice-president of Trico Corporation and Administrative Assistant to the President of Boss-Linco Trucking. Helen-Louise married Frank L. Snyder in 1978. They moved to Florida where Helen-Louise helped Frank in his research on Duval and Fremont, traveling across the country for original manuscripts and data. She was also interim Dean of Women at Clearwater Christian College where Frank was a professor of history. After Frank's death in 1993, she moved to California for two years to help with her granddaughter Kathryn Woodworth, then moved to Richmond, Kentucky where she was the Administrator of the Newman Center at Eastern Kentucky University in Richmond Kentucky until her retirement at age 86. She had a keen mind, was an avid reader, and an accomplished artist."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrank L. Snyder collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Frank L. Snyder collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Dr. Frank L. Snyder Collection consists of the materials Dr. Snyder and Helen-Louise Snyder (n\u0026#xE9;e Davenport) gathered on Governor William Duval. The collection also consists of Dr. Snyder's personal papers, library, computer files, photographs, awards, and plaques. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Duval materials, dated roughly from 1802 to 1993, comprise photocopies of research notes, articles, books, computer files, microfilm, and photographs by or about Duval. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDr. Frank L. Snyder's personal papers and artifacts document his corporate and academic careers. Snyder personally referred to the majority of his collection as the Frank L. Snyder Library, which comprises Boxes 1 through 29. Boxes 30 through 46, arranged by type of record, contain the remainder of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Dr. Frank L. Snyder Collection consists of the materials Dr. Snyder and Helen-Louise Snyder (née Davenport) gathered on Governor William Duval. The collection also consists of Dr. Snyder's personal papers, library, computer files, photographs, awards, and plaques. ","The Duval materials, dated roughly from 1802 to 1993, comprise photocopies of research notes, articles, books, computer files, microfilm, and photographs by or about Duval. ","Dr. Frank L. Snyder's personal papers and artifacts document his corporate and academic careers. Snyder personally referred to the majority of his collection as the Frank L. Snyder Library, which comprises Boxes 1 through 29. Boxes 30 through 46, arranged by type of record, contain the remainder of the collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0; The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Snyder, Frank L. (1924-1993)","Snyder, Helen-Louise (Helen-Louise Davenport Snyder)","Duvall, William Pope (1784-1854)"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Duvall, William Pope (1784-1854)"],"persname_ssim":["Snyder, Frank L. (1924-1993)","Snyder, Helen-Louise (Helen-Louise Davenport Snyder)","Duvall, William Pope (1784-1854)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":540,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870862803136413696,"_root_":"ce345cc08d6fdaa3e5a433bc","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:23:24.863Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/ce345cc08d6fdaa3e5a433bc_aspace_102569"}},{"id":"022e496e4cf2baa955c5aab4_aspace_111824","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Y, Sep 13, 1917 - Nov 14, 1917","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/022e496e4cf2baa955c5aab4_aspace_111824#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_111824","ref_ssm":["aspace_111824","aspace_111824"],"id":"022e496e4cf2baa955c5aab4_aspace_111824","title_filing_ssi":"Y","title_ssm":["Y"],"title_tesim":["Y"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Sep 13, 1917 - Nov 14, 1917"],"normalized_date_ssm":["Sep 13, 1917 - Nov 14, 1917"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Y, Sep 13, 1917 - Nov 14, 1917"],"text":["Y, Sep 13, 1917 - Nov 14, 1917","German-American Lumber Company Records, 1887-1927, bulk 1906-1920","Correspondence, 1890-1920","Folder 16","/repositories/10/archival_objects/67278","box 49","folder 16"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["022e496e4cf2baa955c5aab4","022e496e4cf2baa955c5aab4_aspace_169119"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["German-American Lumber Company Records, 1887-1927, bulk 1906-1920","Correspondence, 1890-1920"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["German-American Lumber Company Records, 1887-1927, bulk 1906-1920","Correspondence, 1890-1920"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 16","/repositories/10/archival_objects/67278"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["German-American Lumber Company Records, 1887-1927, bulk 1906-1920"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":510,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to all researchers. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Copyright has not been transferred to the Florida State University Libraries.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"containers_ssim":["box 49","folder 16"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#508","_nest_parent_":"022e496e4cf2baa955c5aab4_aspace_169119","_root_":"022e496e4cf2baa955c5aab4","_version_":1870859053015498752,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:23:48.189Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"022e496e4cf2baa955c5aab4","title_ssm":["German-American Lumber Company Records"],"title_tesim":["German-American Lumber Company Records"],"ead_ssi":"022e496e4cf2baa955c5aab4","unitdate_ssm":["1887-1927","1906-1920"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1906-1920"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1887-1927"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 1986-27","/repositories/10/resources/604"],"text":["MSS 1986-27","/repositories/10/resources/604","German-American Lumber Company Records, 1887-1927, bulk 1906-1920","Florida--Economic conditions--20th Century","Pensacola (Fla.)--History","Saint Andrews Bay (Fla.)--History.","Economics and Society: Post-Civil War Florida, 1865-1913","World War I, 1914-1918--Florida","The Florida Boom and Bust, 1919-1929","Lumber trade--Florida--Pensacola","Lumber trade--Florida--Millville.","Shipbuilding--Florida","This collection is open to all researchers. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.","In 1898, Henry Bovis, a French Canadian with ties to Bagdad, Florida, discovered the vast forests surrounding St. Andrews Bay and realized that the area would be the perfect port for a lumber operation. Bovis and his business partners built the St. Andrews Lumber Company sawmill on the east side of the bayou.\n Bovis and his partners sold their mill in 1901 to a German organization which renamed the business the German-American Lumber Company. J. R. Saunders served as president of the German-American Lumber Company when it was organized in Pensacola. This large company eventually owned over 200,000 acres around St. Andrews Bay and 125 miles of logging roads. It became one of the largest lumber companies in the country.\n The stock in the company was principally owned by the Emperor of Germany, Kaiser Wilhelm, whose nephew, H.G. Kulenkampff, frequently visited the mill. In 1906, Millville was selected as the site of operations for the sawmill owned by the German-American Lumber Company. At this time, the company owned 75,000 acres of land and employed 1500 people. It also supplied electric power for the entire community of Millville. According to an amendment of the German-American Lumber Company charter in 1911, the officers of the company were: H.G. Kulenkampff, president; H.H. Boyer, vice-president; Fr. Julius Schreyer, second vice-president; and G. Rolfs, secretary-treasurer.\n During World War I, after pro-German literature and a hidden gun emplacement were reportedly discovered in the mill, the U.S. Government seized the German-American Lumber Company. Newspapers around the country gave accounts of \"a spy center on St. Andrews Bay\" after the federal government's takeover of the mill under the Trading with the Enemy Act. From that point on, the mill continued to operate under the name of the American Lumber Company.\n In 1919, multimillionaire Minor C. Keith of New York and sawmill owner Walter C. Sherman bought the conglomerate known as the American Lumber Company (including subsidiary Bates \u0026 Rogers Construction Co.) from the government for 1.25 million dollars. They renamed it the St. Andrews Bay Lumber Company. This organization prospered during the 1920s. In a surprise move by the State Legislature, Millville became part of greater Panama City along with St. Andrews on March 12, 1926. The St. Andrews Bay Lumber Company continued to operate until 1930 when it was forced to close because most of the good timber was gone from the forests. The mill burned on March 22, 1931.","Portions of collection available online?: No","The German-American Lumber Company Records were transferred to the National Archives by the Office of the United States Alien Property Custodian prior to 1942 - possibly in the late 1930s or early 1940s. Assistant Archivist Robert Lando, an archival employee of the then Justice Division of the National Archives, processed the records. Lando prepared summary descriptive slips for each record series. V.L. Bedsole, Associate Archivist of the Archives' Justice Division at that time, reviewed the slips. Bedsole revised and annotated the slips and prepared rough record series entries. Completion of the work was prevented by the close of World War II and the reassignment of some members of the National Archives staff to new work assignments after the war.\nIn 1956, the Collection was transferred to Florida State University's Southern Business History Center. In 1957, Mr. Bedsole, who was now Head of Louisiana State University's Department of Archives and Manuscripts, noted in his letter (February 28, 1957) to Florida State University (recipient unknown), that if many of the rough inventory slips were not transferred to Florida State University (FSU) in 1956 as part of the files of the German-American Lumber Company, they may have been retained by the National Archives.\nThe Collection was later given to the FSU Libraries. Processing resumed in 1986, when Special Collections staff rehoused the materials in archival folders and boxes and created a temporary box list. Since that time, additional German-American Lumber Company materials were identified and processed.","Blount \u0026 Blount \u0026 Carter Papers, Beggs and Lane Collection, M1985-20, Special Collections, University of West Florida.","Veverka, T. (1957).  Scars of civilization: A progress-sketch biography of Walter Colquitt Sherman . Montgomery, Ala.: Paragon Press.  http://fsu.catalog.fcla.edu/permalink.jsp?23FS023750506","The German-American Lumber Company Records cover the years 1887-1922, and consist of correspondence, accounting records, ledgers, journals, cash books, time books, contracts and deeds, and other company records. In 1898, Henry Bovis and his partners built the St. Andrews Lumber Company sawmill on the St. Andrews Bay in Florida. He sold the mill in 1901 to a German organization which renamed the business the German-American Lumber Company. Following a period during World War I in which the mill was seized and held by the federal government, Minor C. Keith and Walter C. Sherman bought the company and renamed it the St. Andrews Bay Lumber Company. This organization operated until 1930 when it was forced to close because of timber depletion in the forests. The company records are organized into the following series: Correspondence; Financial Records; Legal Records; and Personnel Records.\n The Correspondence series, 1890-1920, comprises the most significant portion of the records and consists of business correspondence reflecting southern business interests, the economic history of Florida, especially the lumber trade business in Millville and Pensacola. Much of the correspondence relates to the orders of lumber to be shipped, delay of orders, payments of orders, ship construction, and other topics. One of the most prominent correspondents is H.H. Boyer, vice president of the company. This series also includes letters from various businesses and banks such as Donaldson Lumber Company, C.T. Patterson Company, American National Bank, Citizens and Southern Bank, Robert L. Merwin \u0026 Company, and others.\n The Financial Records series, 1887-1922, includes various accounting records, cash books, invoices, inventory records, shipping records, bank statements, and others. Cash books contain records of money received and paid out, showing dates of transactions, names of clients, descriptions of the transactions, and amounts received and expended. Ledgers contain postings to accounts receivable and accounts payable. Sales ledgers show logs of customer sales. This series also includes gold bonds of various amounts of money for the company. This series reflects the accounting system and financial history of the company over approximately twenty years.\n The Legal Records series, 1901-1919, consists of various abstracts, contracts, and deeds. Abstracts contain the copies of the abstracts to lands of the German-American Lumber Company, as well as the J.S. Betts Company in Jackson County, Florida.\n The Personnel Records series, 1902-1919, includes accident reports for employees of the company, personnel time records, and payroll memos. The series also includes time books contained in four bound volumes.","Copyright has not been transferred to the Florida State University Libraries.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","The collection includes correspondence, deeds, accounting records, bills and debt letters, contracts, invoices, shipping records, and various ledgers. The majority of the collection consists of correspondence, 1890-1920, concerning orders of lumber to be shipped, shipping status, and payments. A large portion of the collection is comprised of shipping records, 1904-1919, contained in 12 boxes.  It also contains 115 bound volumes including various ledgers, letter books, cash books, sales records, log books, shipping records, cash reports, and accounting journals.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","American Lumber Company","American National Bank","Citizens and Southern National Bank","C.T. Patterson Company","Donaldson Lumber Company","German-American Lumber Company","St. Andrews Lumber Company","Bovis, Henry","William II, German Emperor, 1959-1941","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 1986-27","/repositories/10/resources/604"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1887-1927, bulk 1906-1920"],"normalized_title_ssm":["German-American Lumber Company Records, 1887-1927, bulk 1906-1920"],"collection_title_tesim":["German-American Lumber Company Records, 1887-1927, bulk 1906-1920"],"collection_ssim":["German-American Lumber Company Records, 1887-1927, bulk 1906-1920"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright has not been transferred to the Florida State University Libraries.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["According to a letter (February 28, 1957) from V.L. Bedsole, Head of Louisiana State University's Department of Archives and Manuscripts, to Florida State University (recipient unknown), the German-American Lumber Company Records were acquired by the National Archives in Washington, D.C. by transfer to that agency from the Office of the Alien Property Custodian. That transfer was made prior to 1942.\nIn a letter from Wayne C. Grover (December 28, 1955), Archivist of the United States, to Dr. M.M. Vance, Director of the Southern Business History Center at FSU, the German-American Lumber Company Records for 1890-1921 were offered for deposit with the Center. Grover noted in this letter that the Office of Alien Property Custodian did not regard these records as federal records, and therefore had no objection to their release to a public institution.\nNorman L. Kilpatrick, Director of Libraries at FSU and Secretary of the Southern Business History Center, acknowledged in a letter (January 11, 1956) to Wayne C. Grover that the Center would gladly accept this collection. The Collection was subsequently given to the FSU Libraries, although the date of this transfer has not been determined."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Florida--Economic conditions--20th Century","Pensacola (Fla.)--History","Saint Andrews Bay (Fla.)--History.","Economics and Society: Post-Civil War Florida, 1865-1913","World War I, 1914-1918--Florida","The Florida Boom and Bust, 1919-1929","Lumber trade--Florida--Pensacola","Lumber trade--Florida--Millville.","Shipbuilding--Florida"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Florida--Economic conditions--20th Century","Pensacola (Fla.)--History","Saint Andrews Bay (Fla.)--History.","Economics and Society: Post-Civil War Florida, 1865-1913","World War I, 1914-1918--Florida","The Florida Boom and Bust, 1919-1929","Lumber trade--Florida--Pensacola","Lumber trade--Florida--Millville.","Shipbuilding--Florida"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["163.36 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["163.36 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1898, Henry Bovis, a French Canadian with ties to Bagdad, Florida, discovered the vast forests surrounding St. Andrews Bay and realized that the area would be the perfect port for a lumber operation. Bovis and his business partners built the St. Andrews Lumber Company sawmill on the east side of the bayou.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBovis and his partners sold their mill in 1901 to a German organization which renamed the business the German-American Lumber Company. J. R. Saunders served as president of the German-American Lumber Company when it was organized in Pensacola. This large company eventually owned over 200,000 acres around St. Andrews Bay and 125 miles of logging roads. It became one of the largest lumber companies in the country.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe stock in the company was principally owned by the Emperor of Germany, Kaiser Wilhelm, whose nephew, H.G. Kulenkampff, frequently visited the mill. In 1906, Millville was selected as the site of operations for the sawmill owned by the German-American Lumber Company. At this time, the company owned 75,000 acres of land and employed 1500 people. It also supplied electric power for the entire community of Millville. According to an amendment of the German-American Lumber Company charter in 1911, the officers of the company were: H.G. Kulenkampff, president; H.H. Boyer, vice-president; Fr. Julius Schreyer, second vice-president; and G. Rolfs, secretary-treasurer.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDuring World War I, after pro-German literature and a hidden gun emplacement were reportedly discovered in the mill, the U.S. Government seized the German-American Lumber Company. Newspapers around the country gave accounts of \"a spy center on St. Andrews Bay\" after the federal government's takeover of the mill under the Trading with the Enemy Act. From that point on, the mill continued to operate under the name of the American Lumber Company.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn 1919, multimillionaire Minor C. Keith of New York and sawmill owner Walter C. Sherman bought the conglomerate known as the American Lumber Company (including subsidiary Bates \u0026amp; Rogers Construction Co.) from the government for 1.25 million dollars. They renamed it the St. Andrews Bay Lumber Company. This organization prospered during the 1920s. In a surprise move by the State Legislature, Millville became part of greater Panama City along with St. Andrews on March 12, 1926. The St. Andrews Bay Lumber Company continued to operate until 1930 when it was forced to close because most of the good timber was gone from the forests. The mill burned on March 22, 1931.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1898, Henry Bovis, a French Canadian with ties to Bagdad, Florida, discovered the vast forests surrounding St. Andrews Bay and realized that the area would be the perfect port for a lumber operation. Bovis and his business partners built the St. Andrews Lumber Company sawmill on the east side of the bayou.\n Bovis and his partners sold their mill in 1901 to a German organization which renamed the business the German-American Lumber Company. J. R. Saunders served as president of the German-American Lumber Company when it was organized in Pensacola. This large company eventually owned over 200,000 acres around St. Andrews Bay and 125 miles of logging roads. It became one of the largest lumber companies in the country.\n The stock in the company was principally owned by the Emperor of Germany, Kaiser Wilhelm, whose nephew, H.G. Kulenkampff, frequently visited the mill. In 1906, Millville was selected as the site of operations for the sawmill owned by the German-American Lumber Company. At this time, the company owned 75,000 acres of land and employed 1500 people. It also supplied electric power for the entire community of Millville. According to an amendment of the German-American Lumber Company charter in 1911, the officers of the company were: H.G. Kulenkampff, president; H.H. Boyer, vice-president; Fr. Julius Schreyer, second vice-president; and G. Rolfs, secretary-treasurer.\n During World War I, after pro-German literature and a hidden gun emplacement were reportedly discovered in the mill, the U.S. Government seized the German-American Lumber Company. Newspapers around the country gave accounts of \"a spy center on St. Andrews Bay\" after the federal government's takeover of the mill under the Trading with the Enemy Act. From that point on, the mill continued to operate under the name of the American Lumber Company.\n In 1919, multimillionaire Minor C. Keith of New York and sawmill owner Walter C. Sherman bought the conglomerate known as the American Lumber Company (including subsidiary Bates \u0026 Rogers Construction Co.) from the government for 1.25 million dollars. They renamed it the St. Andrews Bay Lumber Company. This organization prospered during the 1920s. In a surprise move by the State Legislature, Millville became part of greater Panama City along with St. Andrews on March 12, 1926. The St. Andrews Bay Lumber Company continued to operate until 1930 when it was forced to close because most of the good timber was gone from the forests. The mill burned on March 22, 1931."],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePortions of collection available online?: No\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Originals"],"originalsloc_tesim":["Portions of collection available online?: No"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGerman-American Lumber Company Records, Special Collections, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.\nhttps://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-1986-27\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["German-American Lumber Company Records, Special Collections, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.\nhttps://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-1986-27"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe German-American Lumber Company Records were transferred to the National Archives by the Office of the United States Alien Property Custodian prior to 1942 - possibly in the late 1930s or early 1940s. Assistant Archivist Robert Lando, an archival employee of the then Justice Division of the National Archives, processed the records. Lando prepared summary descriptive slips for each record series. V.L. Bedsole, Associate Archivist of the Archives' Justice Division at that time, reviewed the slips. Bedsole revised and annotated the slips and prepared rough record series entries. Completion of the work was prevented by the close of World War II and the reassignment of some members of the National Archives staff to new work assignments after the war.\nIn 1956, the Collection was transferred to Florida State University's Southern Business History Center. In 1957, Mr. Bedsole, who was now Head of Louisiana State University's Department of Archives and Manuscripts, noted in his letter (February 28, 1957) to Florida State University (recipient unknown), that if many of the rough inventory slips were not transferred to Florida State University (FSU) in 1956 as part of the files of the German-American Lumber Company, they may have been retained by the National Archives.\nThe Collection was later given to the FSU Libraries. Processing resumed in 1986, when Special Collections staff rehoused the materials in archival folders and boxes and created a temporary box list. Since that time, additional German-American Lumber Company materials were identified and processed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The German-American Lumber Company Records were transferred to the National Archives by the Office of the United States Alien Property Custodian prior to 1942 - possibly in the late 1930s or early 1940s. Assistant Archivist Robert Lando, an archival employee of the then Justice Division of the National Archives, processed the records. Lando prepared summary descriptive slips for each record series. V.L. Bedsole, Associate Archivist of the Archives' Justice Division at that time, reviewed the slips. Bedsole revised and annotated the slips and prepared rough record series entries. Completion of the work was prevented by the close of World War II and the reassignment of some members of the National Archives staff to new work assignments after the war.\nIn 1956, the Collection was transferred to Florida State University's Southern Business History Center. In 1957, Mr. Bedsole, who was now Head of Louisiana State University's Department of Archives and Manuscripts, noted in his letter (February 28, 1957) to Florida State University (recipient unknown), that if many of the rough inventory slips were not transferred to Florida State University (FSU) in 1956 as part of the files of the German-American Lumber Company, they may have been retained by the National Archives.\nThe Collection was later given to the FSU Libraries. Processing resumed in 1986, when Special Collections staff rehoused the materials in archival folders and boxes and created a temporary box list. Since that time, additional German-American Lumber Company materials were identified and processed."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBlount \u0026amp; Blount \u0026amp; Carter Papers, Beggs and Lane Collection, M1985-20, Special Collections, University of West Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eVeverka, T. (1957). \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eScars of civilization: A progress-sketch biography of Walter Colquitt Sherman\u003c/emph\u003e. Montgomery, Ala.: Paragon Press. \u003cextref href=\"http://fsu.catalog.fcla.edu/permalink.jsp?23FS023750506\"\u003ehttp://fsu.catalog.fcla.edu/permalink.jsp?23FS023750506\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Blount \u0026 Blount \u0026 Carter Papers, Beggs and Lane Collection, M1985-20, Special Collections, University of West Florida.","Veverka, T. (1957).  Scars of civilization: A progress-sketch biography of Walter Colquitt Sherman . Montgomery, Ala.: Paragon Press.  http://fsu.catalog.fcla.edu/permalink.jsp?23FS023750506"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe German-American Lumber Company Records cover the years 1887-1922, and consist of correspondence, accounting records, ledgers, journals, cash books, time books, contracts and deeds, and other company records. In 1898, Henry Bovis and his partners built the St. Andrews Lumber Company sawmill on the St. Andrews Bay in Florida. He sold the mill in 1901 to a German organization which renamed the business the German-American Lumber Company. Following a period during World War I in which the mill was seized and held by the federal government, Minor C. Keith and Walter C. Sherman bought the company and renamed it the St. Andrews Bay Lumber Company. This organization operated until 1930 when it was forced to close because of timber depletion in the forests. The company records are organized into the following series: Correspondence; Financial Records; Legal Records; and Personnel Records.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe Correspondence series, 1890-1920, comprises the most significant portion of the records and consists of business correspondence reflecting southern business interests, the economic history of Florida, especially the lumber trade business in Millville and Pensacola. Much of the correspondence relates to the orders of lumber to be shipped, delay of orders, payments of orders, ship construction, and other topics. One of the most prominent correspondents is H.H. Boyer, vice president of the company. This series also includes letters from various businesses and banks such as Donaldson Lumber Company, C.T. Patterson Company, American National Bank, Citizens and Southern Bank, Robert L. Merwin \u0026amp; Company, and others.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe Financial Records series, 1887-1922, includes various accounting records, cash books, invoices, inventory records, shipping records, bank statements, and others. Cash books contain records of money received and paid out, showing dates of transactions, names of clients, descriptions of the transactions, and amounts received and expended. Ledgers contain postings to accounts receivable and accounts payable. Sales ledgers show logs of customer sales. This series also includes gold bonds of various amounts of money for the company. This series reflects the accounting system and financial history of the company over approximately twenty years.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe Legal Records series, 1901-1919, consists of various abstracts, contracts, and deeds. Abstracts contain the copies of the abstracts to lands of the German-American Lumber Company, as well as the J.S. Betts Company in Jackson County, Florida.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe Personnel Records series, 1902-1919, includes accident reports for employees of the company, personnel time records, and payroll memos. The series also includes time books contained in four bound volumes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The German-American Lumber Company Records cover the years 1887-1922, and consist of correspondence, accounting records, ledgers, journals, cash books, time books, contracts and deeds, and other company records. In 1898, Henry Bovis and his partners built the St. Andrews Lumber Company sawmill on the St. Andrews Bay in Florida. He sold the mill in 1901 to a German organization which renamed the business the German-American Lumber Company. Following a period during World War I in which the mill was seized and held by the federal government, Minor C. Keith and Walter C. Sherman bought the company and renamed it the St. Andrews Bay Lumber Company. This organization operated until 1930 when it was forced to close because of timber depletion in the forests. The company records are organized into the following series: Correspondence; Financial Records; Legal Records; and Personnel Records.\n The Correspondence series, 1890-1920, comprises the most significant portion of the records and consists of business correspondence reflecting southern business interests, the economic history of Florida, especially the lumber trade business in Millville and Pensacola. Much of the correspondence relates to the orders of lumber to be shipped, delay of orders, payments of orders, ship construction, and other topics. One of the most prominent correspondents is H.H. Boyer, vice president of the company. This series also includes letters from various businesses and banks such as Donaldson Lumber Company, C.T. Patterson Company, American National Bank, Citizens and Southern Bank, Robert L. Merwin \u0026 Company, and others.\n The Financial Records series, 1887-1922, includes various accounting records, cash books, invoices, inventory records, shipping records, bank statements, and others. Cash books contain records of money received and paid out, showing dates of transactions, names of clients, descriptions of the transactions, and amounts received and expended. Ledgers contain postings to accounts receivable and accounts payable. Sales ledgers show logs of customer sales. This series also includes gold bonds of various amounts of money for the company. This series reflects the accounting system and financial history of the company over approximately twenty years.\n The Legal Records series, 1901-1919, consists of various abstracts, contracts, and deeds. Abstracts contain the copies of the abstracts to lands of the German-American Lumber Company, as well as the J.S. Betts Company in Jackson County, Florida.\n The Personnel Records series, 1902-1919, includes accident reports for employees of the company, personnel time records, and payroll memos. The series also includes time books contained in four bound volumes."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright has not been transferred to the Florida State University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright has not been transferred to the Florida State University Libraries.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_5d4bb66ce4cf91e7b6e90c9159d1298d\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection includes correspondence, deeds, accounting records, bills and debt letters, contracts, invoices, shipping records, and various ledgers. The majority of the collection consists of correspondence, 1890-1920, concerning orders of lumber to be shipped, shipping status, and payments. A large portion of the collection is comprised of shipping records, 1904-1919, contained in 12 boxes.\u0026#xA0; It also contains 115 bound volumes including various ledgers, letter books, cash books, sales records, log books, shipping records, cash reports, and accounting journals.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection includes correspondence, deeds, accounting records, bills and debt letters, contracts, invoices, shipping records, and various ledgers. The majority of the collection consists of correspondence, 1890-1920, concerning orders of lumber to be shipped, shipping status, and payments. A large portion of the collection is comprised of shipping records, 1904-1919, contained in 12 boxes.  It also contains 115 bound volumes including various ledgers, letter books, cash books, sales records, log books, shipping records, cash reports, and accounting journals."],"names_coll_ssim":["American Lumber Company","American National Bank","Citizens and Southern National Bank","C.T. Patterson Company","Donaldson Lumber Company","German-American Lumber Company","St. Andrews Lumber Company","Bovis, Henry","William II, German Emperor, 1959-1941"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","American Lumber Company","American National Bank","Citizens and Southern National Bank","C.T. Patterson Company","Donaldson Lumber Company","German-American Lumber Company","St. Andrews Lumber Company","Bovis, Henry","William II, German Emperor, 1959-1941"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","American Lumber Company","American National Bank","Citizens and Southern National Bank","C.T. Patterson Company","Donaldson Lumber Company","German-American Lumber Company","St. Andrews Lumber Company"],"persname_ssim":["Bovis, Henry","William II, German Emperor, 1959-1941"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1733,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870859053015498752,"_root_":"022e496e4cf2baa955c5aab4","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:23:48.189Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/022e496e4cf2baa955c5aab4_aspace_111824"}},{"id":"022e496e4cf2baa955c5aab4_aspace_112328","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Y, Sep 9, 1919 - Dec 5, 1919","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/022e496e4cf2baa955c5aab4_aspace_112328#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_112328","ref_ssm":["aspace_112328","aspace_112328"],"id":"022e496e4cf2baa955c5aab4_aspace_112328","title_filing_ssi":"Y","title_ssm":["Y"],"title_tesim":["Y"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Sep 9, 1919 - Dec 5, 1919"],"normalized_date_ssm":["Sep 9, 1919 - Dec 5, 1919"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Y, Sep 9, 1919 - Dec 5, 1919"],"text":["Y, Sep 9, 1919 - Dec 5, 1919","German-American Lumber Company Records, 1887-1927, bulk 1906-1920","Correspondence, 1890-1920","Folder 18","/repositories/10/archival_objects/67753","box 64","folder 18"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["022e496e4cf2baa955c5aab4","022e496e4cf2baa955c5aab4_aspace_169119"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["German-American Lumber Company Records, 1887-1927, bulk 1906-1920","Correspondence, 1890-1920"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["German-American Lumber Company Records, 1887-1927, bulk 1906-1920","Correspondence, 1890-1920"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 18","/repositories/10/archival_objects/67753"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["German-American Lumber Company Records, 1887-1927, bulk 1906-1920"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":985,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to all researchers. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Copyright has not been transferred to the Florida State University Libraries.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"containers_ssim":["box 64","folder 18"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#983","_nest_parent_":"022e496e4cf2baa955c5aab4_aspace_169119","_root_":"022e496e4cf2baa955c5aab4","_version_":1870859053015498752,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:23:48.189Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"022e496e4cf2baa955c5aab4","title_ssm":["German-American Lumber Company Records"],"title_tesim":["German-American Lumber Company Records"],"ead_ssi":"022e496e4cf2baa955c5aab4","unitdate_ssm":["1887-1927","1906-1920"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1906-1920"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1887-1927"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 1986-27","/repositories/10/resources/604"],"text":["MSS 1986-27","/repositories/10/resources/604","German-American Lumber Company Records, 1887-1927, bulk 1906-1920","Florida--Economic conditions--20th Century","Pensacola (Fla.)--History","Saint Andrews Bay (Fla.)--History.","Economics and Society: Post-Civil War Florida, 1865-1913","World War I, 1914-1918--Florida","The Florida Boom and Bust, 1919-1929","Lumber trade--Florida--Pensacola","Lumber trade--Florida--Millville.","Shipbuilding--Florida","This collection is open to all researchers. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.","In 1898, Henry Bovis, a French Canadian with ties to Bagdad, Florida, discovered the vast forests surrounding St. Andrews Bay and realized that the area would be the perfect port for a lumber operation. Bovis and his business partners built the St. Andrews Lumber Company sawmill on the east side of the bayou.\n Bovis and his partners sold their mill in 1901 to a German organization which renamed the business the German-American Lumber Company. J. R. Saunders served as president of the German-American Lumber Company when it was organized in Pensacola. This large company eventually owned over 200,000 acres around St. Andrews Bay and 125 miles of logging roads. It became one of the largest lumber companies in the country.\n The stock in the company was principally owned by the Emperor of Germany, Kaiser Wilhelm, whose nephew, H.G. Kulenkampff, frequently visited the mill. In 1906, Millville was selected as the site of operations for the sawmill owned by the German-American Lumber Company. At this time, the company owned 75,000 acres of land and employed 1500 people. It also supplied electric power for the entire community of Millville. According to an amendment of the German-American Lumber Company charter in 1911, the officers of the company were: H.G. Kulenkampff, president; H.H. Boyer, vice-president; Fr. Julius Schreyer, second vice-president; and G. Rolfs, secretary-treasurer.\n During World War I, after pro-German literature and a hidden gun emplacement were reportedly discovered in the mill, the U.S. Government seized the German-American Lumber Company. Newspapers around the country gave accounts of \"a spy center on St. Andrews Bay\" after the federal government's takeover of the mill under the Trading with the Enemy Act. From that point on, the mill continued to operate under the name of the American Lumber Company.\n In 1919, multimillionaire Minor C. Keith of New York and sawmill owner Walter C. Sherman bought the conglomerate known as the American Lumber Company (including subsidiary Bates \u0026 Rogers Construction Co.) from the government for 1.25 million dollars. They renamed it the St. Andrews Bay Lumber Company. This organization prospered during the 1920s. In a surprise move by the State Legislature, Millville became part of greater Panama City along with St. Andrews on March 12, 1926. The St. Andrews Bay Lumber Company continued to operate until 1930 when it was forced to close because most of the good timber was gone from the forests. The mill burned on March 22, 1931.","Portions of collection available online?: No","The German-American Lumber Company Records were transferred to the National Archives by the Office of the United States Alien Property Custodian prior to 1942 - possibly in the late 1930s or early 1940s. Assistant Archivist Robert Lando, an archival employee of the then Justice Division of the National Archives, processed the records. Lando prepared summary descriptive slips for each record series. V.L. Bedsole, Associate Archivist of the Archives' Justice Division at that time, reviewed the slips. Bedsole revised and annotated the slips and prepared rough record series entries. Completion of the work was prevented by the close of World War II and the reassignment of some members of the National Archives staff to new work assignments after the war.\nIn 1956, the Collection was transferred to Florida State University's Southern Business History Center. In 1957, Mr. Bedsole, who was now Head of Louisiana State University's Department of Archives and Manuscripts, noted in his letter (February 28, 1957) to Florida State University (recipient unknown), that if many of the rough inventory slips were not transferred to Florida State University (FSU) in 1956 as part of the files of the German-American Lumber Company, they may have been retained by the National Archives.\nThe Collection was later given to the FSU Libraries. Processing resumed in 1986, when Special Collections staff rehoused the materials in archival folders and boxes and created a temporary box list. Since that time, additional German-American Lumber Company materials were identified and processed.","Blount \u0026 Blount \u0026 Carter Papers, Beggs and Lane Collection, M1985-20, Special Collections, University of West Florida.","Veverka, T. (1957).  Scars of civilization: A progress-sketch biography of Walter Colquitt Sherman . Montgomery, Ala.: Paragon Press.  http://fsu.catalog.fcla.edu/permalink.jsp?23FS023750506","The German-American Lumber Company Records cover the years 1887-1922, and consist of correspondence, accounting records, ledgers, journals, cash books, time books, contracts and deeds, and other company records. In 1898, Henry Bovis and his partners built the St. Andrews Lumber Company sawmill on the St. Andrews Bay in Florida. He sold the mill in 1901 to a German organization which renamed the business the German-American Lumber Company. Following a period during World War I in which the mill was seized and held by the federal government, Minor C. Keith and Walter C. Sherman bought the company and renamed it the St. Andrews Bay Lumber Company. This organization operated until 1930 when it was forced to close because of timber depletion in the forests. The company records are organized into the following series: Correspondence; Financial Records; Legal Records; and Personnel Records.\n The Correspondence series, 1890-1920, comprises the most significant portion of the records and consists of business correspondence reflecting southern business interests, the economic history of Florida, especially the lumber trade business in Millville and Pensacola. Much of the correspondence relates to the orders of lumber to be shipped, delay of orders, payments of orders, ship construction, and other topics. One of the most prominent correspondents is H.H. Boyer, vice president of the company. This series also includes letters from various businesses and banks such as Donaldson Lumber Company, C.T. Patterson Company, American National Bank, Citizens and Southern Bank, Robert L. Merwin \u0026 Company, and others.\n The Financial Records series, 1887-1922, includes various accounting records, cash books, invoices, inventory records, shipping records, bank statements, and others. Cash books contain records of money received and paid out, showing dates of transactions, names of clients, descriptions of the transactions, and amounts received and expended. Ledgers contain postings to accounts receivable and accounts payable. Sales ledgers show logs of customer sales. This series also includes gold bonds of various amounts of money for the company. This series reflects the accounting system and financial history of the company over approximately twenty years.\n The Legal Records series, 1901-1919, consists of various abstracts, contracts, and deeds. Abstracts contain the copies of the abstracts to lands of the German-American Lumber Company, as well as the J.S. Betts Company in Jackson County, Florida.\n The Personnel Records series, 1902-1919, includes accident reports for employees of the company, personnel time records, and payroll memos. The series also includes time books contained in four bound volumes.","Copyright has not been transferred to the Florida State University Libraries.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","The collection includes correspondence, deeds, accounting records, bills and debt letters, contracts, invoices, shipping records, and various ledgers. The majority of the collection consists of correspondence, 1890-1920, concerning orders of lumber to be shipped, shipping status, and payments. A large portion of the collection is comprised of shipping records, 1904-1919, contained in 12 boxes.  It also contains 115 bound volumes including various ledgers, letter books, cash books, sales records, log books, shipping records, cash reports, and accounting journals.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","American Lumber Company","American National Bank","Citizens and Southern National Bank","C.T. Patterson Company","Donaldson Lumber Company","German-American Lumber Company","St. Andrews Lumber Company","Bovis, Henry","William II, German Emperor, 1959-1941","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 1986-27","/repositories/10/resources/604"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1887-1927, bulk 1906-1920"],"normalized_title_ssm":["German-American Lumber Company Records, 1887-1927, bulk 1906-1920"],"collection_title_tesim":["German-American Lumber Company Records, 1887-1927, bulk 1906-1920"],"collection_ssim":["German-American Lumber Company Records, 1887-1927, bulk 1906-1920"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright has not been transferred to the Florida State University Libraries.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["According to a letter (February 28, 1957) from V.L. Bedsole, Head of Louisiana State University's Department of Archives and Manuscripts, to Florida State University (recipient unknown), the German-American Lumber Company Records were acquired by the National Archives in Washington, D.C. by transfer to that agency from the Office of the Alien Property Custodian. That transfer was made prior to 1942.\nIn a letter from Wayne C. Grover (December 28, 1955), Archivist of the United States, to Dr. M.M. Vance, Director of the Southern Business History Center at FSU, the German-American Lumber Company Records for 1890-1921 were offered for deposit with the Center. Grover noted in this letter that the Office of Alien Property Custodian did not regard these records as federal records, and therefore had no objection to their release to a public institution.\nNorman L. Kilpatrick, Director of Libraries at FSU and Secretary of the Southern Business History Center, acknowledged in a letter (January 11, 1956) to Wayne C. Grover that the Center would gladly accept this collection. The Collection was subsequently given to the FSU Libraries, although the date of this transfer has not been determined."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Florida--Economic conditions--20th Century","Pensacola (Fla.)--History","Saint Andrews Bay (Fla.)--History.","Economics and Society: Post-Civil War Florida, 1865-1913","World War I, 1914-1918--Florida","The Florida Boom and Bust, 1919-1929","Lumber trade--Florida--Pensacola","Lumber trade--Florida--Millville.","Shipbuilding--Florida"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Florida--Economic conditions--20th Century","Pensacola (Fla.)--History","Saint Andrews Bay (Fla.)--History.","Economics and Society: Post-Civil War Florida, 1865-1913","World War I, 1914-1918--Florida","The Florida Boom and Bust, 1919-1929","Lumber trade--Florida--Pensacola","Lumber trade--Florida--Millville.","Shipbuilding--Florida"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["163.36 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["163.36 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1898, Henry Bovis, a French Canadian with ties to Bagdad, Florida, discovered the vast forests surrounding St. Andrews Bay and realized that the area would be the perfect port for a lumber operation. Bovis and his business partners built the St. Andrews Lumber Company sawmill on the east side of the bayou.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBovis and his partners sold their mill in 1901 to a German organization which renamed the business the German-American Lumber Company. J. R. Saunders served as president of the German-American Lumber Company when it was organized in Pensacola. This large company eventually owned over 200,000 acres around St. Andrews Bay and 125 miles of logging roads. It became one of the largest lumber companies in the country.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe stock in the company was principally owned by the Emperor of Germany, Kaiser Wilhelm, whose nephew, H.G. Kulenkampff, frequently visited the mill. In 1906, Millville was selected as the site of operations for the sawmill owned by the German-American Lumber Company. At this time, the company owned 75,000 acres of land and employed 1500 people. It also supplied electric power for the entire community of Millville. According to an amendment of the German-American Lumber Company charter in 1911, the officers of the company were: H.G. Kulenkampff, president; H.H. Boyer, vice-president; Fr. Julius Schreyer, second vice-president; and G. Rolfs, secretary-treasurer.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDuring World War I, after pro-German literature and a hidden gun emplacement were reportedly discovered in the mill, the U.S. Government seized the German-American Lumber Company. Newspapers around the country gave accounts of \"a spy center on St. Andrews Bay\" after the federal government's takeover of the mill under the Trading with the Enemy Act. From that point on, the mill continued to operate under the name of the American Lumber Company.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn 1919, multimillionaire Minor C. Keith of New York and sawmill owner Walter C. Sherman bought the conglomerate known as the American Lumber Company (including subsidiary Bates \u0026amp; Rogers Construction Co.) from the government for 1.25 million dollars. They renamed it the St. Andrews Bay Lumber Company. This organization prospered during the 1920s. In a surprise move by the State Legislature, Millville became part of greater Panama City along with St. Andrews on March 12, 1926. The St. Andrews Bay Lumber Company continued to operate until 1930 when it was forced to close because most of the good timber was gone from the forests. The mill burned on March 22, 1931.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1898, Henry Bovis, a French Canadian with ties to Bagdad, Florida, discovered the vast forests surrounding St. Andrews Bay and realized that the area would be the perfect port for a lumber operation. Bovis and his business partners built the St. Andrews Lumber Company sawmill on the east side of the bayou.\n Bovis and his partners sold their mill in 1901 to a German organization which renamed the business the German-American Lumber Company. J. R. Saunders served as president of the German-American Lumber Company when it was organized in Pensacola. This large company eventually owned over 200,000 acres around St. Andrews Bay and 125 miles of logging roads. It became one of the largest lumber companies in the country.\n The stock in the company was principally owned by the Emperor of Germany, Kaiser Wilhelm, whose nephew, H.G. Kulenkampff, frequently visited the mill. In 1906, Millville was selected as the site of operations for the sawmill owned by the German-American Lumber Company. At this time, the company owned 75,000 acres of land and employed 1500 people. It also supplied electric power for the entire community of Millville. According to an amendment of the German-American Lumber Company charter in 1911, the officers of the company were: H.G. Kulenkampff, president; H.H. Boyer, vice-president; Fr. Julius Schreyer, second vice-president; and G. Rolfs, secretary-treasurer.\n During World War I, after pro-German literature and a hidden gun emplacement were reportedly discovered in the mill, the U.S. Government seized the German-American Lumber Company. Newspapers around the country gave accounts of \"a spy center on St. Andrews Bay\" after the federal government's takeover of the mill under the Trading with the Enemy Act. From that point on, the mill continued to operate under the name of the American Lumber Company.\n In 1919, multimillionaire Minor C. Keith of New York and sawmill owner Walter C. Sherman bought the conglomerate known as the American Lumber Company (including subsidiary Bates \u0026 Rogers Construction Co.) from the government for 1.25 million dollars. They renamed it the St. Andrews Bay Lumber Company. This organization prospered during the 1920s. In a surprise move by the State Legislature, Millville became part of greater Panama City along with St. Andrews on March 12, 1926. The St. Andrews Bay Lumber Company continued to operate until 1930 when it was forced to close because most of the good timber was gone from the forests. The mill burned on March 22, 1931."],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePortions of collection available online?: No\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Originals"],"originalsloc_tesim":["Portions of collection available online?: No"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGerman-American Lumber Company Records, Special Collections, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.\nhttps://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-1986-27\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["German-American Lumber Company Records, Special Collections, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.\nhttps://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-1986-27"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe German-American Lumber Company Records were transferred to the National Archives by the Office of the United States Alien Property Custodian prior to 1942 - possibly in the late 1930s or early 1940s. Assistant Archivist Robert Lando, an archival employee of the then Justice Division of the National Archives, processed the records. Lando prepared summary descriptive slips for each record series. V.L. Bedsole, Associate Archivist of the Archives' Justice Division at that time, reviewed the slips. Bedsole revised and annotated the slips and prepared rough record series entries. Completion of the work was prevented by the close of World War II and the reassignment of some members of the National Archives staff to new work assignments after the war.\nIn 1956, the Collection was transferred to Florida State University's Southern Business History Center. In 1957, Mr. Bedsole, who was now Head of Louisiana State University's Department of Archives and Manuscripts, noted in his letter (February 28, 1957) to Florida State University (recipient unknown), that if many of the rough inventory slips were not transferred to Florida State University (FSU) in 1956 as part of the files of the German-American Lumber Company, they may have been retained by the National Archives.\nThe Collection was later given to the FSU Libraries. Processing resumed in 1986, when Special Collections staff rehoused the materials in archival folders and boxes and created a temporary box list. Since that time, additional German-American Lumber Company materials were identified and processed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The German-American Lumber Company Records were transferred to the National Archives by the Office of the United States Alien Property Custodian prior to 1942 - possibly in the late 1930s or early 1940s. Assistant Archivist Robert Lando, an archival employee of the then Justice Division of the National Archives, processed the records. Lando prepared summary descriptive slips for each record series. V.L. Bedsole, Associate Archivist of the Archives' Justice Division at that time, reviewed the slips. Bedsole revised and annotated the slips and prepared rough record series entries. Completion of the work was prevented by the close of World War II and the reassignment of some members of the National Archives staff to new work assignments after the war.\nIn 1956, the Collection was transferred to Florida State University's Southern Business History Center. In 1957, Mr. Bedsole, who was now Head of Louisiana State University's Department of Archives and Manuscripts, noted in his letter (February 28, 1957) to Florida State University (recipient unknown), that if many of the rough inventory slips were not transferred to Florida State University (FSU) in 1956 as part of the files of the German-American Lumber Company, they may have been retained by the National Archives.\nThe Collection was later given to the FSU Libraries. Processing resumed in 1986, when Special Collections staff rehoused the materials in archival folders and boxes and created a temporary box list. Since that time, additional German-American Lumber Company materials were identified and processed."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBlount \u0026amp; Blount \u0026amp; Carter Papers, Beggs and Lane Collection, M1985-20, Special Collections, University of West Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eVeverka, T. (1957). \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eScars of civilization: A progress-sketch biography of Walter Colquitt Sherman\u003c/emph\u003e. Montgomery, Ala.: Paragon Press. \u003cextref href=\"http://fsu.catalog.fcla.edu/permalink.jsp?23FS023750506\"\u003ehttp://fsu.catalog.fcla.edu/permalink.jsp?23FS023750506\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Blount \u0026 Blount \u0026 Carter Papers, Beggs and Lane Collection, M1985-20, Special Collections, University of West Florida.","Veverka, T. (1957).  Scars of civilization: A progress-sketch biography of Walter Colquitt Sherman . Montgomery, Ala.: Paragon Press.  http://fsu.catalog.fcla.edu/permalink.jsp?23FS023750506"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe German-American Lumber Company Records cover the years 1887-1922, and consist of correspondence, accounting records, ledgers, journals, cash books, time books, contracts and deeds, and other company records. In 1898, Henry Bovis and his partners built the St. Andrews Lumber Company sawmill on the St. Andrews Bay in Florida. He sold the mill in 1901 to a German organization which renamed the business the German-American Lumber Company. Following a period during World War I in which the mill was seized and held by the federal government, Minor C. Keith and Walter C. Sherman bought the company and renamed it the St. Andrews Bay Lumber Company. This organization operated until 1930 when it was forced to close because of timber depletion in the forests. The company records are organized into the following series: Correspondence; Financial Records; Legal Records; and Personnel Records.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe Correspondence series, 1890-1920, comprises the most significant portion of the records and consists of business correspondence reflecting southern business interests, the economic history of Florida, especially the lumber trade business in Millville and Pensacola. Much of the correspondence relates to the orders of lumber to be shipped, delay of orders, payments of orders, ship construction, and other topics. One of the most prominent correspondents is H.H. Boyer, vice president of the company. This series also includes letters from various businesses and banks such as Donaldson Lumber Company, C.T. Patterson Company, American National Bank, Citizens and Southern Bank, Robert L. Merwin \u0026amp; Company, and others.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe Financial Records series, 1887-1922, includes various accounting records, cash books, invoices, inventory records, shipping records, bank statements, and others. Cash books contain records of money received and paid out, showing dates of transactions, names of clients, descriptions of the transactions, and amounts received and expended. Ledgers contain postings to accounts receivable and accounts payable. Sales ledgers show logs of customer sales. This series also includes gold bonds of various amounts of money for the company. This series reflects the accounting system and financial history of the company over approximately twenty years.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe Legal Records series, 1901-1919, consists of various abstracts, contracts, and deeds. Abstracts contain the copies of the abstracts to lands of the German-American Lumber Company, as well as the J.S. Betts Company in Jackson County, Florida.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe Personnel Records series, 1902-1919, includes accident reports for employees of the company, personnel time records, and payroll memos. The series also includes time books contained in four bound volumes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The German-American Lumber Company Records cover the years 1887-1922, and consist of correspondence, accounting records, ledgers, journals, cash books, time books, contracts and deeds, and other company records. In 1898, Henry Bovis and his partners built the St. Andrews Lumber Company sawmill on the St. Andrews Bay in Florida. He sold the mill in 1901 to a German organization which renamed the business the German-American Lumber Company. Following a period during World War I in which the mill was seized and held by the federal government, Minor C. Keith and Walter C. Sherman bought the company and renamed it the St. Andrews Bay Lumber Company. This organization operated until 1930 when it was forced to close because of timber depletion in the forests. The company records are organized into the following series: Correspondence; Financial Records; Legal Records; and Personnel Records.\n The Correspondence series, 1890-1920, comprises the most significant portion of the records and consists of business correspondence reflecting southern business interests, the economic history of Florida, especially the lumber trade business in Millville and Pensacola. Much of the correspondence relates to the orders of lumber to be shipped, delay of orders, payments of orders, ship construction, and other topics. One of the most prominent correspondents is H.H. Boyer, vice president of the company. This series also includes letters from various businesses and banks such as Donaldson Lumber Company, C.T. Patterson Company, American National Bank, Citizens and Southern Bank, Robert L. Merwin \u0026 Company, and others.\n The Financial Records series, 1887-1922, includes various accounting records, cash books, invoices, inventory records, shipping records, bank statements, and others. Cash books contain records of money received and paid out, showing dates of transactions, names of clients, descriptions of the transactions, and amounts received and expended. Ledgers contain postings to accounts receivable and accounts payable. Sales ledgers show logs of customer sales. This series also includes gold bonds of various amounts of money for the company. This series reflects the accounting system and financial history of the company over approximately twenty years.\n The Legal Records series, 1901-1919, consists of various abstracts, contracts, and deeds. Abstracts contain the copies of the abstracts to lands of the German-American Lumber Company, as well as the J.S. Betts Company in Jackson County, Florida.\n The Personnel Records series, 1902-1919, includes accident reports for employees of the company, personnel time records, and payroll memos. The series also includes time books contained in four bound volumes."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright has not been transferred to the Florida State University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright has not been transferred to the Florida State University Libraries.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_5d4bb66ce4cf91e7b6e90c9159d1298d\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection includes correspondence, deeds, accounting records, bills and debt letters, contracts, invoices, shipping records, and various ledgers. The majority of the collection consists of correspondence, 1890-1920, concerning orders of lumber to be shipped, shipping status, and payments. A large portion of the collection is comprised of shipping records, 1904-1919, contained in 12 boxes.\u0026#xA0; It also contains 115 bound volumes including various ledgers, letter books, cash books, sales records, log books, shipping records, cash reports, and accounting journals.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection includes correspondence, deeds, accounting records, bills and debt letters, contracts, invoices, shipping records, and various ledgers. The majority of the collection consists of correspondence, 1890-1920, concerning orders of lumber to be shipped, shipping status, and payments. A large portion of the collection is comprised of shipping records, 1904-1919, contained in 12 boxes.  It also contains 115 bound volumes including various ledgers, letter books, cash books, sales records, log books, shipping records, cash reports, and accounting journals."],"names_coll_ssim":["American Lumber Company","American National Bank","Citizens and Southern National Bank","C.T. Patterson Company","Donaldson Lumber Company","German-American Lumber Company","St. Andrews Lumber Company","Bovis, Henry","William II, German Emperor, 1959-1941"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","American Lumber Company","American National Bank","Citizens and Southern National Bank","C.T. Patterson Company","Donaldson Lumber Company","German-American Lumber Company","St. Andrews Lumber Company","Bovis, Henry","William II, German Emperor, 1959-1941"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","American Lumber Company","American National Bank","Citizens and Southern National Bank","C.T. Patterson Company","Donaldson Lumber Company","German-American Lumber Company","St. Andrews Lumber Company"],"persname_ssim":["Bovis, Henry","William II, German Emperor, 1959-1941"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1733,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870859053015498752,"_root_":"022e496e4cf2baa955c5aab4","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:23:48.189Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/022e496e4cf2baa955c5aab4_aspace_112328"}},{"id":"94faee240eca85ad7fd28290_aspace_117562","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"YSU vs FAU, 2002","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/94faee240eca85ad7fd28290_aspace_117562#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eTwo CDs, images are from the game\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/94faee240eca85ad7fd28290_aspace_117562#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_117562","ref_ssm":["aspace_117562","aspace_117562"],"id":"94faee240eca85ad7fd28290_aspace_117562","title_filing_ssi":"YSU vs FAU","title_ssm":["YSU vs FAU"],"title_tesim":["YSU vs FAU"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2002"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["YSU vs FAU, 2002"],"text":["YSU vs FAU, 2002","FAU Men's Football Team Photograph Collection, 2000-2003","Men's Football","Digital Materials","Item 17","/repositories/2/archival_objects/23568","box 5","Two CDs, images are from the game"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["94faee240eca85ad7fd28290","94faee240eca85ad7fd28290_aspace_117496","94faee240eca85ad7fd28290_aspace_117527"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["FAU Men's Football Team Photograph Collection, 2000-2003","Men's Football","Digital Materials"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["FAU Men's Football Team Photograph Collection, 2000-2003","Men's Football","Digital Materials"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["Item 17","/repositories/2/archival_objects/23568"],"repository_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"collection_ssim":["FAU Men's Football Team Photograph Collection, 2000-2003"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":62,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment.","Photocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement.","When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder.","Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections."],"containers_ssim":["box 5"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTwo CDs, images are from the game\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Two CDs, images are from the game"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#3/components#32","_nest_parent_":"94faee240eca85ad7fd28290_aspace_117527","_root_":"94faee240eca85ad7fd28290","timestamp":"2026-04-21T17:48:44.749Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"94faee240eca85ad7fd28290","title_ssm":["FAU Men's Football Team Photograph Collection"],"title_tesim":["FAU Men's Football Team Photograph Collection"],"ead_ssi":"94faee240eca85ad7fd28290","unitdate_ssm":["2000-2003"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["2000-2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UAP00040","/repositories/2/resources/54"],"text":["UAP00040","/repositories/2/resources/54","FAU Men's Football Team Photograph Collection, 2000-2003","University Archives -- Photography ","Florida Atlantic University -- History","University Archives","Collections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment.","Photocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library.","Annaleah Morse processed this collection in 2018.","http://purl.fcla.edu/fau/teamphotos","This collection contains photographs of FAU Men's Football Team players, team members, athletics staff, and athletics complexes. Boxes 4 and 5 contain CDs. There are 741 4x6 photographs, 9 8x10 contact sheets, and 78 35mm negatives. Some materials from boxes 1 through 3 were described to provide a sample of the collection. If you would like to see more photographs, please contact lysca@fau.edu and make an appointment.","Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement.","When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder.","Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections.","Florida Atlantic University Libraries","English"],"unitid_tesim":["UAP00040","/repositories/2/resources/54"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2000-2003"],"normalized_title_ssm":["FAU Men's Football Team Photograph Collection, 2000-2003"],"collection_title_tesim":["FAU Men's Football Team Photograph Collection, 2000-2003"],"collection_ssim":["FAU Men's Football Team Photograph Collection, 2000-2003"],"repository_ssm":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"repository_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement.","When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder.","Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections."],"access_subjects_ssim":["University Archives -- Photography ","Florida Atlantic University -- History","University Archives"],"access_subjects_ssm":["University Archives -- Photography ","Florida Atlantic University -- History","University Archives"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["5.00 boxes","741 4x6 photographs, 9 8x10 contact sheets, and 78 35mm negatives. other_unmapped"],"extent_tesim":["5.00 boxes","741 4x6 photographs, 9 8x10 contact sheets, and 78 35mm negatives. other_unmapped"],"date_range_isim":[2000,2001,2002,2003],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment.","Photocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection Title including series, if any; Box and item number; Special Collections; Florida Atlantic University Libraries, Boca Raton, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Collection Title including series, if any; Box and item number; Special Collections; Florida Atlantic University Libraries, Boca Raton, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAnnaleah Morse processed this collection in 2018.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Annaleah Morse processed this collection in 2018."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fau/teamphotos\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["http://purl.fcla.edu/fau/teamphotos"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains photographs of FAU Men's Football Team players, team members, athletics staff, and athletics complexes. Boxes 4 and 5 contain CDs. There are 741 4x6 photographs, 9 8x10 contact sheets, and 78 35mm negatives. Some materials from boxes 1 through 3 were described to provide a sample of the collection. If you would like to see more photographs, please contact lysca@fau.edu and make an appointment.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains photographs of FAU Men's Football Team players, team members, athletics staff, and athletics complexes. Boxes 4 and 5 contain CDs. There are 741 4x6 photographs, 9 8x10 contact sheets, and 78 35mm negatives. Some materials from boxes 1 through 3 were described to provide a sample of the collection. If you would like to see more photographs, please contact lysca@fau.edu and make an appointment."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhen using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShould the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement.","When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder.","Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections."],"names_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"corpname_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":69,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"94faee240eca85ad7fd28290","timestamp":"2026-04-21T17:48:44.749Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/94faee240eca85ad7fd28290_aspace_117562"}},{"id":"67ebe54fb98d30a72fd90a98_aspace_91986","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Yttrehus, Rolv. Explorations, 1985","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/67ebe54fb98d30a72fd90a98_aspace_91986#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_91986","ref_ssm":["aspace_91986","aspace_91986"],"id":"67ebe54fb98d30a72fd90a98_aspace_91986","title_filing_ssi":"Yttrehus, Rolv. Explorations","title_ssm":["Yttrehus, Rolv. Explorations"],"title_tesim":["Yttrehus, Rolv. Explorations"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1985"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1985"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Yttrehus, Rolv. Explorations, 1985"],"text":["Yttrehus, Rolv. Explorations, 1985","Robert Helps collection, 1928-2001, Date acquired: 10/07/2002, bulk 1938-2001","Music Scores for Performance and Study","Music Scores by Others, Part 1","Composers S-Y","Folder 26","/repositories/2/archival_objects/86406","box 45","folder 26"],"component_level_isim":[4],"parent_ids_ssim":["67ebe54fb98d30a72fd90a98","67ebe54fb98d30a72fd90a98_aspace_91848","67ebe54fb98d30a72fd90a98_aspace_92147","67ebe54fb98d30a72fd90a98_aspace_92145"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Robert Helps collection, 1928-2001, Date acquired: 10/07/2002, bulk 1938-2001","Music Scores for Performance and Study","Music Scores by Others, Part 1","Composers S-Y"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Robert Helps collection, 1928-2001, Date acquired: 10/07/2002, bulk 1938-2001","Music Scores for Performance and Study","Music Scores by Others, Part 1","Composers S-Y"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries","Box"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 26","/repositories/2/archival_objects/86406"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Robert Helps collection, 1928-2001, Date acquired: 10/07/2002, bulk 1938-2001"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":466,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There is one box containing restricted documents (Series 1: Biographical Materials; Sub-series 5: Restricted documents)."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"containers_ssim":["box 45","folder 26"],"_nest_path_":"/components#8/components#0/components#5/components#25","_nest_parent_":"67ebe54fb98d30a72fd90a98_aspace_92145","_root_":"67ebe54fb98d30a72fd90a98","timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:19:12.119Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"67ebe54fb98d30a72fd90a98","title_ssm":["Robert Helps collection"],"title_tesim":["Robert Helps collection"],"ead_ssi":"67ebe54fb98d30a72fd90a98","unitdate_ssm":["1928-2001","1938-2001","Date acquired: 10/07/2002"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1938-2001"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1928-2001"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 10/07/2002"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-2002-03","/repositories/2/resources/402"],"text":["MS-2002-03","/repositories/2/resources/402","Robert Helps collection, 1928-2001, Date acquired: 10/07/2002, bulk 1938-2001","Music--United States--20th century","Composers","There is one box containing restricted documents (Series 1: Biographical Materials; Sub-series 5: Restricted documents).","The collection is arranged by type of material within the following series: biographical materials, concert programs, publicity materials, correspondence, teaching materials and notes, sketches, manuscript scores, published scores, scores for performance and study, and audio and video recordings.","Robert Helps (1928-2001) was an American pianist and composer. He studied under Abby Whiteside, piano, and Roger Sessions, composition. Helps served as Professor of Piano at the New England Conservatory, the San Francisco Conservatory, Princeton University, Stanford University, the University of California at Berkeley, and the Manhattan School of Music. He was Professor of Music at the University of South Florida in Tampa, Florida from 1980 until his death at 72 in 2001. He performed internationally as a soloist and chamber musician. He composed piano, chamber, and symphonic works. Most of them were published by C. F. Peters, Associated Music Publishers, E. B. Marks, and the American Composers Edition. His music was recorded and released by CRI, Decca, Gramaphone, etc. In 1996, Robert Helps received an Honorary Doctorate of Humane Letters from the University of St. Thomas in St. Paul, Minnesota.","Note written by Mahn-Hee Kang","published","Special arrangements can be made to access reel to reel tapes, LP's, digital audio tapes, cassette tapes, VHS and Beta tapes due to the need of special playback equipments.","processed","Flemm, Eugene W.  The Solo Piano Music of Robert Helps . , 1990. Print.","Gillen, Tracie W.  Motivic Development: A Cohesive Process As It Appears in Selected Compositions by Robert Helps . , 1992. Print.","This collection primarily consists of sketches, manuscripts, and printed scores composed by Robert Helps. Scores published by other composers (predominantly piano) also make up a significant portion of the collection. The Helps music scores span from the early 1950s to 2001, and include sketches, manuscript scores, proof copies, corrections, published scores, and additional corrections on Helps' own performance copies. There are unpublished works in the collection, in addition to numerous performance programs, newspaper articles, and performance reviews. The performances included were recorded on reel to reel tapes, cassette tapes, LPs, and digital audio tapes as well as VHS and Beta video tapes. Professional and personal correspondence, the bulk of which dates from the 1930s to 2000, is also present, in addition to professional and personal photographs.","Restrictions on reproduction of published scores and audio recordings due to copyright.","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","This collection consists of the papers of compose Robert Helps.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Helps, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1928-2001","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-2002-03","/repositories/2/resources/402"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1928-2001, Date acquired: 10/07/2002, bulk 1938-2001"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert Helps collection, 1928-2001, Date acquired: 10/07/2002, bulk 1938-2001"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert Helps collection, 1928-2001, Date acquired: 10/07/2002, bulk 1938-2001"],"collection_ssim":["Robert Helps collection, 1928-2001, Date acquired: 10/07/2002, bulk 1938-2001"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Helps, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1928-2001"],"creator_ssim":["Helps, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1928-2001"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Helps, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1928-2001"],"creators_ssim":["Helps, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1928-2001"],"access_terms_ssm":["Restrictions on reproduction of published scores and audio recordings due to copyright.","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Robert Helps Music Trust","Donation."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Music--United States--20th century","Composers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Music--United States--20th century","Composers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["84.74 Linear Feet","96 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["84.74 Linear Feet","96 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere is one box containing restricted documents (Series 1: Biographical Materials; Sub-series 5: Restricted documents).\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There is one box containing restricted documents (Series 1: Biographical Materials; Sub-series 5: Restricted documents)."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by type of material within the following series: biographical materials, concert programs, publicity materials, correspondence, teaching materials and notes, sketches, manuscript scores, published scores, scores for performance and study, and audio and video recordings.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by type of material within the following series: biographical materials, concert programs, publicity materials, correspondence, teaching materials and notes, sketches, manuscript scores, published scores, scores for performance and study, and audio and video recordings."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert Helps (1928-2001) was an American pianist and composer. He studied under Abby Whiteside, piano, and Roger Sessions, composition. Helps served as Professor of Piano at the New England Conservatory, the San Francisco Conservatory, Princeton University, Stanford University, the University of California at Berkeley, and the Manhattan School of Music. He was Professor of Music at the University of South Florida in Tampa, Florida from 1980 until his death at 72 in 2001. He performed internationally as a soloist and chamber musician. He composed piano, chamber, and symphonic works. Most of them were published by C. F. Peters, Associated Music Publishers, E. B. Marks, and the American Composers Edition. 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Print.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGillen, Tracie W. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMotivic Development: A Cohesive Process As It Appears in Selected Compositions by Robert Helps\u003c/emph\u003e. , 1992. Print.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Publications"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Flemm, Eugene W.  The Solo Piano Music of Robert Helps . , 1990. Print.","Gillen, Tracie W.  Motivic Development: A Cohesive Process As It Appears in Selected Compositions by Robert Helps . , 1992. Print."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection primarily consists of sketches, manuscripts, and printed scores composed by Robert Helps. Scores published by other composers (predominantly piano) also make up a significant portion of the collection. The Helps music scores span from the early 1950s to 2001, and include sketches, manuscript scores, proof copies, corrections, published scores, and additional corrections on Helps' own performance copies. There are unpublished works in the collection, in addition to numerous performance programs, newspaper articles, and performance reviews. The performances included were recorded on reel to reel tapes, cassette tapes, LPs, and digital audio tapes as well as VHS and Beta video tapes. Professional and personal correspondence, the bulk of which dates from the 1930s to 2000, is also present, in addition to professional and personal photographs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection primarily consists of sketches, manuscripts, and printed scores composed by Robert Helps. Scores published by other composers (predominantly piano) also make up a significant portion of the collection. The Helps music scores span from the early 1950s to 2001, and include sketches, manuscript scores, proof copies, corrections, published scores, and additional corrections on Helps' own performance copies. There are unpublished works in the collection, in addition to numerous performance programs, newspaper articles, and performance reviews. The performances included were recorded on reel to reel tapes, cassette tapes, LPs, and digital audio tapes as well as VHS and Beta video tapes. Professional and personal correspondence, the bulk of which dates from the 1930s to 2000, is also present, in addition to professional and personal photographs."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRestrictions on reproduction of published scores and audio recordings due to copyright.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0;The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Restrictions on reproduction of published scores and audio recordings due to copyright.","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_3afee50b05cfa18048205d91fc8404c8\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists of the papers of compose Robert Helps.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of the papers of compose Robert Helps."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Helps, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1928-2001"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Helps, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1928-2001"],"persname_ssim":["Helps, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1928-2001"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":840,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"67ebe54fb98d30a72fd90a98","timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:19:12.119Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/67ebe54fb98d30a72fd90a98_aspace_91986"}},{"id":"494d175c32d55745f7fddbc7_aspace_5068","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Yuca blossoms and a lonely palm guard the Florida coast, (hand colored), December 21, 1935","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/494d175c32d55745f7fddbc7_aspace_5068#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_5068","ref_ssm":["aspace_5068","aspace_5068"],"id":"494d175c32d55745f7fddbc7_aspace_5068","title_filing_ssi":"Yuca blossoms and a lonely palm guard the Florida coast, (hand colored)","title_ssm":["Yuca blossoms and a lonely palm guard the Florida coast, (hand colored)"],"title_tesim":["Yuca blossoms and a lonely palm guard the Florida coast, (hand colored)"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["December 21, 1935"],"normalized_date_ssm":["December 21, 1935"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Yuca blossoms and a lonely palm guard the Florida coast, (hand colored), December 21, 1935"],"text":["Yuca blossoms and a lonely palm guard the Florida coast, (hand colored), December 21, 1935","Florida Image Collection, 1884-2002","Photo Postcards, 1898-1988, Undated","Native Plants, 1898-1961, Undated","Item 347","/repositories/4/archival_objects/12665","box 3"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["494d175c32d55745f7fddbc7","494d175c32d55745f7fddbc7_aspace_4689","494d175c32d55745f7fddbc7_aspace_4983"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Florida Image Collection, 1884-2002","Photo Postcards, 1898-1988, Undated","Native Plants, 1898-1961, Undated"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Florida Image Collection, 1884-2002","Photo Postcards, 1898-1988, Undated","Native Plants, 1898-1961, Undated"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","File"],"unitid_ssm":["Item 347","/repositories/4/archival_objects/12665"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Florida Image Collection, 1884-2002"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":762,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research."],"date_range_isim":[1935],"containers_ssim":["box 3"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#5/components#86","_nest_parent_":"494d175c32d55745f7fddbc7_aspace_4983","_root_":"494d175c32d55745f7fddbc7","_version_":1870858026892656640,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:07:29.876Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"494d175c32d55745f7fddbc7","title_ssm":["Florida Image Collection"],"title_tesim":["Florida Image Collection"],"ead_ssi":"494d175c32d55745f7fddbc7","unitdate_ssm":["1884-2002"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1884-2002"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.067","/repositories/4/resources/58"],"text":["SC.067","/repositories/4/resources/58","Florida Image Collection, 1884-2002","Florida","photographs","The entire collection is open for research.","The Florida Image collection contains images and picture postcards obtained from other UCF Archives collections, as well as purchases and donations. The majority come from the The Thomas and Georgine Mickler Collection. The Mickler collection was partly purchased and donated to the University. Other photos within the collection originated in the Special Collections Vertical File. The Vertical File contains a variety of collected materials on University of Central Florida, local history, typography and book arts, and the West Indies, subjects relating to the collections held by Special Collections. Also included in the collection are images from the Children's Home Society of Florida collection.","Many of the images were previously included in the Thomas and Georgine Mickler Collection and the Florida Ephemera collection. Both of these collections are housed in the University of Central Florida Archives.","Collection processed by Alexandra Olson; finding aid created by Alexandra Olson.","The photographs and postcards were sleeved and placed in acid-free folders and boxes.","More photographs may be found in the papers of individual University Presidents, as well as the Univeristy Photograph Collection. All these materials may be accessed in the Special Collections Reading Room.","Generally, images of individuals arranged alphabetically begin each subseries followed by groups of people and ending with unidentified images. The collection includes postcard images of scenes and places in Florida. Many of the photographs were originally part of the Thomas and Georgine Mickler Collection. The photos are arranged by series according to the type of image. The prints are mostly black and white, but a few are in color. The photographs and postcards have been arranged in nine series by subject","\nSeries I: People, 1913-1987, Undated contains photographic prints of individuals and groups that have been arranged in subseries from identifiable people and families to albums and ending with individuals and groups. Images, in this series, like those of the Pope family are significant to Florida because Dick Pope was the creator of Cypress Gardens, Florida's first theme park. Images of the Roper family are important because of this family's link to the Florida Citrus Industry and the Winter Garden area.","\nSeries II: Places, 1903-1988, Undated holds photographs of places and localities from around Florida arranged alphabetically. Disney forms the first subseries, followed by the John F. Kennedy Space Center, general localities and ending with a colleciton of photographs of Orange Blossom Trail in South Orlando.","\nSeries III: Environment, 1899-1999, Undated contains images of native wildlife, plants of Florida, ending with photographs of hurricanes.","\nSeries IV: Miscellaneous Images, 2002, Undated contains photographs and images that do not fit within any other series, but are still important to the memory of Florida.","\nSeries V: Photo Postcards, 1898-1988, Undated holds postcards that have either a genuine photograph or a printed image on one side. The printed postcards are divided into subseries by subject. The nine subjects include: Churches, hotels, localities, native plants, native wildlife, people, tourism, transportation and miscellaneous.","\nSeries VI: Picture Books (Souvenir Albums), 1884-1969, Undated contains albums and postcard books with many different images of Florida. The series is arranged alphabetically by title of book, and spans from Railroads to Locales.","\nSeries VII: Caribbean Postcards, 1954, Undated contains postcards with different images of Carribbean life.","\nSeries VIII: Color Plates and Oversized Postcards, 1960, Undated holds all the oversized postcards from the collection as well as a collection of color plates. Plates are whole-sheet illustrations, printed separately from text. The images in this series cover a wide variety of Florida scenery and locales.","\nSeries IX: Negatives, Undated contains all the negatives of the collection.","The images document all aspects of Central Florida history including people, such as prominent people and families, places around Florida, Florida wildlife and plantlife, as well as, images from the Kennedy Space Center and Disney. The majority of the collection dates from about 1900-1960.","UCF Special Collections","Mickler, Thomas, 1912-1997","Mickler, Georgine, 1914-1998","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC.067","/repositories/4/resources/58"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1884-2002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Florida Image Collection, 1884-2002"],"collection_title_tesim":["Florida Image Collection, 1884-2002"],"collection_ssim":["Florida Image Collection, 1884-2002"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Florida"],"geogname_ssim":["Florida"],"creator_ssm":["Mickler, Thomas, 1912-1997","Mickler, Georgine, 1914-1998"],"creator_ssim":["Mickler, Thomas, 1912-1997","Mickler, Georgine, 1914-1998"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Mickler, Thomas, 1912-1997","Mickler, Georgine, 1914-1998"],"creators_ssim":["Mickler, Thomas, 1912-1997","Mickler, Georgine, 1914-1998"],"places_ssim":["Florida"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Photographs used in the collection were taken from the Thomas and Georgine Mickler Collection, the UCF Libraries, Special Collections vertical file,as well as, other purchases and acessions.","This collection was a mixture of purchased and donated from the Mickler Estate and other sources in 2006 (CFM2006_08)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.65 Linear Feet 4 Boxes, 1 Flat File"],"extent_tesim":["1.65 Linear Feet 4 Boxes, 1 Flat File"],"genreform_ssim":["photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Florida Image collection contains images and picture postcards obtained from other UCF Archives collections, as well as purchases and donations. The majority come from the The Thomas and Georgine Mickler Collection. The Mickler collection was partly purchased and donated to the University. Other photos within the collection originated in the Special Collections Vertical File. The Vertical File contains a variety of collected materials on University of Central Florida, local history, typography and book arts, and the West Indies, subjects relating to the collections held by Special Collections. Also included in the collection are images from the Children's Home Society of Florida collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Florida Image collection contains images and picture postcards obtained from other UCF Archives collections, as well as purchases and donations. The majority come from the The Thomas and Georgine Mickler Collection. The Mickler collection was partly purchased and donated to the University. Other photos within the collection originated in the Special Collections Vertical File. The Vertical File contains a variety of collected materials on University of Central Florida, local history, typography and book arts, and the West Indies, subjects relating to the collections held by Special Collections. Also included in the collection are images from the Children's Home Society of Florida collection."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMany of the images were previously included in the Thomas and Georgine Mickler Collection and the Florida Ephemera collection. Both of these collections are housed in the University of Central Florida Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Many of the images were previously included in the Thomas and Georgine Mickler Collection and the Florida Ephemera collection. Both of these collections are housed in the University of Central Florida Archives."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFlorida Image Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Florida Image Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection processed by Alexandra Olson; finding aid created by Alexandra Olson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe photographs and postcards were sleeved and placed in acid-free folders and boxes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Collection processed by Alexandra Olson; finding aid created by Alexandra Olson.","The photographs and postcards were sleeved and placed in acid-free folders and boxes."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMore photographs may be found in the papers of individual University Presidents, as well as the Univeristy Photograph Collection. All these materials may be accessed in the Special Collections Reading Room.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["More photographs may be found in the papers of individual University Presidents, as well as the Univeristy Photograph Collection. All these materials may be accessed in the Special Collections Reading Room."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGenerally, images of individuals arranged alphabetically begin each subseries followed by groups of people and ending with unidentified images. The collection includes postcard images of scenes and places in Florida. Many of the photographs were originally part of the Thomas and Georgine Mickler Collection. The photos are arranged by series according to the type of image. The prints are mostly black and white, but a few are in color. The photographs and postcards have been arranged in nine series by subject\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I: People, 1913-1987, Undated contains photographic prints of individuals and groups that have been arranged in subseries from identifiable people and families to albums and ending with individuals and groups. Images, in this series, like those of the Pope family are significant to Florida because Dick Pope was the creator of Cypress Gardens, Florida's first theme park. Images of the Roper family are important because of this family's link to the Florida Citrus Industry and the Winter Garden area.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Places, 1903-1988, Undated holds photographs of places and localities from around Florida arranged alphabetically. Disney forms the first subseries, followed by the John F. Kennedy Space Center, general localities and ending with a colleciton of photographs of Orange Blossom Trail in South Orlando.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Environment, 1899-1999, Undated contains images of native wildlife, plants of Florida, ending with photographs of hurricanes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Miscellaneous Images, 2002, Undated contains photographs and images that do not fit within any other series, but are still important to the memory of Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Photo Postcards, 1898-1988, Undated holds postcards that have either a genuine photograph or a printed image on one side. The printed postcards are divided into subseries by subject. The nine subjects include: Churches, hotels, localities, native plants, native wildlife, people, tourism, transportation and miscellaneous.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Picture Books (Souvenir Albums), 1884-1969, Undated contains albums and postcard books with many different images of Florida. The series is arranged alphabetically by title of book, and spans from Railroads to Locales.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Caribbean Postcards, 1954, Undated contains postcards with different images of Carribbean life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VIII: Color Plates and Oversized Postcards, 1960, Undated holds all the oversized postcards from the collection as well as a collection of color plates. Plates are whole-sheet illustrations, printed separately from text. The images in this series cover a wide variety of Florida scenery and locales.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IX: Negatives, Undated contains all the negatives of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Generally, images of individuals arranged alphabetically begin each subseries followed by groups of people and ending with unidentified images. The collection includes postcard images of scenes and places in Florida. Many of the photographs were originally part of the Thomas and Georgine Mickler Collection. The photos are arranged by series according to the type of image. The prints are mostly black and white, but a few are in color. The photographs and postcards have been arranged in nine series by subject","\nSeries I: People, 1913-1987, Undated contains photographic prints of individuals and groups that have been arranged in subseries from identifiable people and families to albums and ending with individuals and groups. Images, in this series, like those of the Pope family are significant to Florida because Dick Pope was the creator of Cypress Gardens, Florida's first theme park. Images of the Roper family are important because of this family's link to the Florida Citrus Industry and the Winter Garden area.","\nSeries II: Places, 1903-1988, Undated holds photographs of places and localities from around Florida arranged alphabetically. Disney forms the first subseries, followed by the John F. Kennedy Space Center, general localities and ending with a colleciton of photographs of Orange Blossom Trail in South Orlando.","\nSeries III: Environment, 1899-1999, Undated contains images of native wildlife, plants of Florida, ending with photographs of hurricanes.","\nSeries IV: Miscellaneous Images, 2002, Undated contains photographs and images that do not fit within any other series, but are still important to the memory of Florida.","\nSeries V: Photo Postcards, 1898-1988, Undated holds postcards that have either a genuine photograph or a printed image on one side. The printed postcards are divided into subseries by subject. The nine subjects include: Churches, hotels, localities, native plants, native wildlife, people, tourism, transportation and miscellaneous.","\nSeries VI: Picture Books (Souvenir Albums), 1884-1969, Undated contains albums and postcard books with many different images of Florida. The series is arranged alphabetically by title of book, and spans from Railroads to Locales.","\nSeries VII: Caribbean Postcards, 1954, Undated contains postcards with different images of Carribbean life.","\nSeries VIII: Color Plates and Oversized Postcards, 1960, Undated holds all the oversized postcards from the collection as well as a collection of color plates. Plates are whole-sheet illustrations, printed separately from text. The images in this series cover a wide variety of Florida scenery and locales.","\nSeries IX: Negatives, Undated contains all the negatives of the collection."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c1764512ad44520b697525a0abb48530\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe images document all aspects of Central Florida history including people, such as prominent people and families, places around Florida, Florida wildlife and plantlife, as well as, images from the Kennedy Space Center and Disney. The majority of the collection dates from about 1900-1960.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The images document all aspects of Central Florida history including people, such as prominent people and families, places around Florida, Florida wildlife and plantlife, as well as, images from the Kennedy Space Center and Disney. The majority of the collection dates from about 1900-1960."],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Mickler, Thomas, 1912-1997","Mickler, Georgine, 1914-1998"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Mickler, Thomas, 1912-1997","Mickler, Georgine, 1914-1998"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1301,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870858026892656640,"_root_":"494d175c32d55745f7fddbc7","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:07:29.876Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/494d175c32d55745f7fddbc7_aspace_5068"}},{"id":"b57f7e01e52d640254c5a319_aspace_15933","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Yucatan Channel; Air Info Current., January 1954.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/b57f7e01e52d640254c5a319_aspace_15933#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_15933","ref_ssm":["aspace_15933","aspace_15933"],"id":"b57f7e01e52d640254c5a319_aspace_15933","title_filing_ssi":"Yucatan Channel; Air Info Current.","title_ssm":["Yucatan Channel; Air Info Current."],"title_tesim":["Yucatan Channel; Air Info Current."],"unitdate_other_ssim":["January 1954."],"normalized_date_ssm":["January 1954."],"normalized_title_ssm":["Yucatan Channel; Air Info Current., January 1954."],"text":["Yucatan Channel; Air Info Current., January 1954.","The Thomas and Georgine Mickler Map Collection, 1735-1995","West Indies/Caribbean Maps., 1816-1995.","Air Info Current Maps., 1954-1957.","Folder FF 4","World Aeronautical Chart. Aeronautical Chart and Information Center, United States Air Force, St. Louis, Missouri., 1954-1957.","Folder FF 4","Item 9","/repositories/4/archival_objects/36312"],"component_level_isim":[6],"parent_ids_ssim":["b57f7e01e52d640254c5a319","b57f7e01e52d640254c5a319_aspace_15897","b57f7e01e52d640254c5a319_aspace_15921","b57f7e01e52d640254c5a319_aspace_15922","b57f7e01e52d640254c5a319_aspace_15923","b57f7e01e52d640254c5a319_aspace_15924"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["The Thomas and Georgine Mickler Map Collection, 1735-1995","West Indies/Caribbean Maps., 1816-1995.","Air Info Current Maps., 1954-1957.","Folder FF 4","World Aeronautical Chart. Aeronautical Chart and Information Center, United States Air Force, St. Louis, Missouri., 1954-1957.","Folder FF 4"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["The Thomas and Georgine Mickler Map Collection, 1735-1995","West Indies/Caribbean Maps., 1816-1995.","Air Info Current Maps., 1954-1957.","Folder FF 4","World Aeronautical Chart. Aeronautical Chart and Information Center, United States Air Force, St. Louis, Missouri., 1954-1957.","Folder FF 4"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries","File","Item","File"],"unitid_ssm":["Item 9","/repositories/4/archival_objects/36312"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["The Thomas and Georgine Mickler Map Collection, 1735-1995"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":170,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#3/components#0/components#0/components#0/components#8","_nest_parent_":"b57f7e01e52d640254c5a319_aspace_15924","_root_":"b57f7e01e52d640254c5a319","_version_":1870857686418980864,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:02:05.173Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"b57f7e01e52d640254c5a319","title_ssm":["The Thomas and Georgine Mickler Map Collection"],"title_tesim":["The Thomas and Georgine Mickler Map Collection"],"ead_ssi":"b57f7e01e52d640254c5a319","unitdate_ssm":["1735-1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1735-1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.031","/repositories/4/resources/151"],"text":["SC.031","/repositories/4/resources/151","The Thomas and Georgine Mickler Map Collection, 1735-1995","Caribbean Area","Florida","Florida -- Topographic maps","Florida -- maps","nautical charts","Road maps","Topographic maps","world maps","The entire collection is open for research.","This collection was arranged by geographic location into four series. Each series was further divided by type of map.","Thomas and Georgine Mickler ran a small publishing company, Mickler House, and a thriving mail-order business, Mickler's Antiquarian Books, out of their Chuluota home for almost 40 years. The Mickler's focused on tracing out-of-print publications about Florida and ultimately collected more than 40,000 books and other historical pieces of paper memorabilia that filled their home. Thomas Mickler was a native Floridian but Georgine was born in Chicago. She moved to Orlando in 1961, and they married the following year. Both of them lived until they were 84 years old; Thomas died in 1997 and Georgine died a year later.","Collection processed by Jessica Achberger; finding aid prepared by Jessica Achberger. Additions made by Hadi Sheikhnia.\t ","This collection was processed by individual item. Smaller maps are foldered, and sometimes sleeved, in acid free folders and envelopes, in a half box. Larger maps are held in map drawers, with more delicate maps sleeved in plastic or separated by acid free folders. With the exception of road maps, all maps have been unfolded and laid flat for storage.","Further materials on Florida and the West Indies may be found in Special Collections \u0026 University Archives'  Collection Guide  page.","The Thomas and Georgine Mickler Map Collection is a collection of various types of maps, including atlas maps, road maps, topographical maps and charts. While most of the maps are of Florida and the areas around it, including the Southeastern United States and the West Indies/Caribbean, there are also maps from other geographic regions around the world.","\nSeries I: Florida Maps, 1740-1984 contains maps of the state of Florida arranged by type of map into general atlas maps, road maps, topographical land maps, charts and political maps.","\nSeries II: Southeastern United States Maps, 1735-1977 consists of maps of the southeastern portion of the United States, including Georgia, Louisiana, Alabama and South Carolina. This includes general atlas maps, road maps, topographical land maps and political maps.","\nSeries III: West Indies/Caribbean Maps, 1816-1995 includes maps of the islands and waterways of the West Indies/Caribbean. This series is divided into general atlas maps, topographical land maps, charts and Air Info current maps.","\nSeries IV: Maps of Other Areas, 1760-1818 contains maps of geographic areas outside Florida, the Southeast and the Caribbean. General atlas maps, road maps and topographical land maps cover areas such as Egypt, France and Costa Rica.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","The Thomas and Georgine Mickler Map Collection is a collection of various kinds of maps, including general atlas maps, road maps, topographical land maps, charts and political maps. While the collection mostly consists of maps of Florida, the Southeastern United States and the West Indies/Caribbean, there are also maps of other areas such as Egypt, France and Costa Rica.","UCF Special Collections","Mickler, Thomas, 1912-1997","Mickler, Georgine, 1914-1998","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC.031","/repositories/4/resources/151"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1735-1995"],"normalized_title_ssm":["The Thomas and Georgine Mickler Map Collection, 1735-1995"],"collection_title_tesim":["The Thomas and Georgine Mickler Map Collection, 1735-1995"],"collection_ssim":["The Thomas and Georgine Mickler Map Collection, 1735-1995"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Caribbean Area","Florida","Florida -- Topographic maps","Florida -- maps"],"geogname_ssim":["Caribbean Area","Florida","Florida -- Topographic maps","Florida -- maps"],"creator_ssm":["Mickler, Thomas, 1912-1997","Mickler, Georgine, 1914-1998"],"creator_ssim":["Mickler, Thomas, 1912-1997","Mickler, Georgine, 1914-1998"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Mickler, Thomas, 1912-1997","Mickler, Georgine, 1914-1998"],"creators_ssim":["Mickler, Thomas, 1912-1997","Mickler, Georgine, 1914-1998"],"places_ssim":["Caribbean Area","Florida","Florida -- Topographic maps","Florida -- maps"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These materials were purchased from Thomas and Georgine Mickler by the University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives in 1999 (CFM1999_05)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["nautical charts","Road maps","Topographic maps","world maps"],"access_subjects_ssm":["nautical charts","Road maps","Topographic maps","world maps"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7.25 Linear Feet 1 Box, 5 Flat Files"],"extent_tesim":["7.25 Linear Feet 1 Box, 5 Flat Files"],"genreform_ssim":["nautical charts","Road maps","Topographic maps","world maps"],"date_range_isim":[1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was arranged by geographic location into four series. Each series was further divided by type of map.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection was arranged by geographic location into four series. Each series was further divided by type of map."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThomas and Georgine Mickler ran a small publishing company, Mickler House, and a thriving mail-order business, Mickler's Antiquarian Books, out of their Chuluota home for almost 40 years. The Mickler's focused on tracing out-of-print publications about Florida and ultimately collected more than 40,000 books and other historical pieces of paper memorabilia that filled their home. Thomas Mickler was a native Floridian but Georgine was born in Chicago. She moved to Orlando in 1961, and they married the following year. Both of them lived until they were 84 years old; Thomas died in 1997 and Georgine died a year later.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Thomas and Georgine Mickler ran a small publishing company, Mickler House, and a thriving mail-order business, Mickler's Antiquarian Books, out of their Chuluota home for almost 40 years. The Mickler's focused on tracing out-of-print publications about Florida and ultimately collected more than 40,000 books and other historical pieces of paper memorabilia that filled their home. Thomas Mickler was a native Floridian but Georgine was born in Chicago. She moved to Orlando in 1961, and they married the following year. Both of them lived until they were 84 years old; Thomas died in 1997 and Georgine died a year later."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThomas and Georgine Mickler Map Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Thomas and Georgine Mickler Map Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection processed by Jessica Achberger; finding aid prepared by Jessica Achberger. Additions made by Hadi Sheikhnia.\t \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection was processed by individual item. Smaller maps are foldered, and sometimes sleeved, in acid free folders and envelopes, in a half box. Larger maps are held in map drawers, with more delicate maps sleeved in plastic or separated by acid free folders. With the exception of road maps, all maps have been unfolded and laid flat for storage.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Collection processed by Jessica Achberger; finding aid prepared by Jessica Achberger. Additions made by Hadi Sheikhnia.\t ","This collection was processed by individual item. Smaller maps are foldered, and sometimes sleeved, in acid free folders and envelopes, in a half box. Larger maps are held in map drawers, with more delicate maps sleeved in plastic or separated by acid free folders. With the exception of road maps, all maps have been unfolded and laid flat for storage."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFurther materials on Florida and the West Indies may be found in Special Collections \u0026amp; University Archives' \u003cextref href=\"https://library.ucf.edu/about/departments/special-collections-university-archives/special-collections/special-collections-collection-guides/\"\u003eCollection Guide\u003c/extref\u003e page.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Further materials on Florida and the West Indies may be found in Special Collections \u0026 University Archives'  Collection Guide  page."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Thomas and Georgine Mickler Map Collection is a collection of various types of maps, including atlas maps, road maps, topographical maps and charts. While most of the maps are of Florida and the areas around it, including the Southeastern United States and the West Indies/Caribbean, there are also maps from other geographic regions around the world.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I: Florida Maps, 1740-1984 contains maps of the state of Florida arranged by type of map into general atlas maps, road maps, topographical land maps, charts and political maps.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Southeastern United States Maps, 1735-1977 consists of maps of the southeastern portion of the United States, including Georgia, Louisiana, Alabama and South Carolina. This includes general atlas maps, road maps, topographical land maps and political maps.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: West Indies/Caribbean Maps, 1816-1995 includes maps of the islands and waterways of the West Indies/Caribbean. This series is divided into general atlas maps, topographical land maps, charts and Air Info current maps.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Maps of Other Areas, 1760-1818 contains maps of geographic areas outside Florida, the Southeast and the Caribbean. General atlas maps, road maps and topographical land maps cover areas such as Egypt, France and Costa Rica.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Thomas and Georgine Mickler Map Collection is a collection of various types of maps, including atlas maps, road maps, topographical maps and charts. While most of the maps are of Florida and the areas around it, including the Southeastern United States and the West Indies/Caribbean, there are also maps from other geographic regions around the world.","\nSeries I: Florida Maps, 1740-1984 contains maps of the state of Florida arranged by type of map into general atlas maps, road maps, topographical land maps, charts and political maps.","\nSeries II: Southeastern United States Maps, 1735-1977 consists of maps of the southeastern portion of the United States, including Georgia, Louisiana, Alabama and South Carolina. This includes general atlas maps, road maps, topographical land maps and political maps.","\nSeries III: West Indies/Caribbean Maps, 1816-1995 includes maps of the islands and waterways of the West Indies/Caribbean. This series is divided into general atlas maps, topographical land maps, charts and Air Info current maps.","\nSeries IV: Maps of Other Areas, 1760-1818 contains maps of geographic areas outside Florida, the Southeast and the Caribbean. General atlas maps, road maps and topographical land maps cover areas such as Egypt, France and Costa Rica."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4b107be4459951d58b4202026211d067\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Thomas and Georgine Mickler Map Collection is a collection of various kinds of maps, including general atlas maps, road maps, topographical land maps, charts and political maps. While the collection mostly consists of maps of Florida, the Southeastern United States and the West Indies/Caribbean, there are also maps of other areas such as Egypt, France and Costa Rica.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Thomas and Georgine Mickler Map Collection is a collection of various kinds of maps, including general atlas maps, road maps, topographical land maps, charts and political maps. While the collection mostly consists of maps of Florida, the Southeastern United States and the West Indies/Caribbean, there are also maps of other areas such as Egypt, France and Costa Rica."],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Mickler, Thomas, 1912-1997","Mickler, Georgine, 1914-1998"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Mickler, Thomas, 1912-1997","Mickler, Georgine, 1914-1998"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":194,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870857686418980864,"_root_":"b57f7e01e52d640254c5a319","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:02:05.173Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/b57f7e01e52d640254c5a319_aspace_15933"}},{"id":"6baa5d2c05f8347c61e723eb_aspace_115008","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Yucatan Seminar on Management of Water Resources in Karst Terrance","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/6baa5d2c05f8347c61e723eb_aspace_115008#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_115008","ref_ssm":["aspace_115008","aspace_115008"],"id":"6baa5d2c05f8347c61e723eb_aspace_115008","title_filing_ssi":"Yucatan Seminar on Management of Water Resources in Karst Terrance","title_ssm":["Yucatan Seminar on Management of Water Resources in Karst Terrance"],"title_tesim":["Yucatan Seminar on Management of Water Resources in Karst Terrance"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Yucatan Seminar on Management of Water Resources in Karst Terrance"],"text":["Yucatan Seminar on Management of Water Resources in Karst Terrance","Dr. Garald Gordon Parker collection, 1939-1990, bulk 1970-1987","Professional Papers","Writings","Folder 26","/repositories/2/archival_objects/41157","box 11","folder 26"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["6baa5d2c05f8347c61e723eb","6baa5d2c05f8347c61e723eb_aspace_60aad52e7b12f2e51b4c45589a0a265c","6baa5d2c05f8347c61e723eb_aspace_114945"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Dr. Garald Gordon Parker collection, 1939-1990, bulk 1970-1987","Professional Papers","Writings"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Dr. Garald Gordon Parker collection, 1939-1990, bulk 1970-1987","Professional Papers","Writings"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Box"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 26","/repositories/2/archival_objects/41157"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. Garald Gordon Parker collection, 1939-1990, bulk 1970-1987"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":145,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["None"],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"containers_ssim":["box 11","folder 26"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#10/components#25","_nest_parent_":"6baa5d2c05f8347c61e723eb_aspace_114945","_root_":"6baa5d2c05f8347c61e723eb","_version_":1870862650984890368,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:20:59.764Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"6baa5d2c05f8347c61e723eb","title_filing_ssi":"Garald Gordon Parker collection, Dr. ","title_ssm":["Dr. Garald Gordon Parker collection"],"title_tesim":["Dr. Garald Gordon Parker collection"],"ead_ssi":"6baa5d2c05f8347c61e723eb","unitdate_ssm":["1939-1990","1970-1987"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1970-1987"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1939-1990"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-1988-05","/repositories/2/resources/243"],"text":["MS-1988-05","/repositories/2/resources/243","Dr. Garald Gordon Parker collection, 1939-1990, bulk 1970-1987","Everglades (Fla.)","Biscayne Aquifer (Fla.)","Floridan Aquifer","Hydrology","Hydrogeology","Aquifers","None","The collection is oragnized into three series. The first series labeled \"Professional Papers\" contains boxes \"Biographical Materials\" about Parker's life, \"Correspondence\" sent to or by Parker, \"Educational Materials\" he used while teaching, \"Legal Papers\" on court cases Parker followed, \"Organization and Association Records\" related to Parker's research, and \"Projects\" worked on by Parker or others. \"Correspondence\" is arranged chronologically, and all other boxes are organized topically and arranged alphabetically. \"Professional Papers\" also contains  boxes labeled \"Writings\" which are works by Parker himself, arranged alphabetically by title. ","The next series is \"Research Materials\" which contains boxes \"Maps and Charts\" Parker used for research, and \"Notebooks\" containing Parker's field research notes. \"Research Materials\" also contains \"Publications\" boxes which include a collection of articles and other publications Parker collected by others, and are organized alphabetically by author or organization. There is also a selection of newspaper clippings organized after the articles within the second \"Publications\" box that are arranged alphabetically by folder label and then chronologically by year. ","The final series \"Photographic Materials\" contains boxes \"Slide Collection\" containing groups of slides used by Parker, and \"Scrapbooks\" made by Parker of his research. These four boxes are separated into folders that are organized alphabetically of contain the itemized scrapbooks themselves.","Garald G. Parker, often cited as the \"Father of Florida groundwater hydrogeology,\" had a long career studying and preserving groundwater resources, particularly in Florida. In 1939, Parker and other scientists were sent by the U. S. Geological Survey to discover the reason why wells in Miami were going salty during a drought. Parker worked in the Everglades from 1940-1947, studying the water levels of wells with indicators that were monitored by planes flying over the marsh. During this time, Parker discovered and described both the Biscayne Aquifer and the Floridan Aquifer, detailing the water landscape of southern Florida in his monumental 1,000 page report \"Water Supply Paper 1255, Water Resources of Southeastern Florida\" (1955). Parker's work alerted Floridians to their ground-water resources, and resulted in the establishment of Florida's five Water Management Districts (though the state was slow in doing so). Parker also warned of the deleterious effects that unchecked settlement and water usage could have on the groundwater supply such as the encroachment of salt water that brought Parker to South Florida in the first place. After leaving the U.S. Geological Survey, Parker spent several years working as Chief Hydrologist for the Southwest Florida Water Management District, and then spent the last years of his active career working as a consultant.","http://sofia.usgs.gov/memorials/parker/","Note written by Justin M. White","http://sofia.usgs.gov/memorials/parker/","A portion of the collection has been digitized. You can view the collection on Digital Commons at USF under the  Dr. Garald Gordon Parker Collection .","Following Garald Parker's long career in Florida hydrology, his materials focus almost exclusively on groundwater resources in southern Florida. The series labeled \"Professional Papers\" contains \"Biographical Materials\" which houses items about Parker's life, a box of \"Correspondence\" sent to or by Parker, \"Educational Materials\" which contains Syllabi and handouts used by Parker during his teaching career, two boxes of \"Legal Papers\" which deal with extensive materials Parker collected relating to two court cases, \"Organization and Association Records\" for environmental and science societies Parker followed, and the two \"Projects\" boxes which are organized around certain cases and may contain correspondence, reports, or court documents. \"Professional Papers\" also contains three boxes labeled \"Writings\" boxes cover articles and other writings by Parker. ","The next series is \"Research Materials\" which contains a box of \"Maps and Charts\" that Parker used for research or reference, and Parker's \"Notebooks\" box includes field notebooks with his handwritten notes. \"Research Materials\" also contains two \"Publications\" boxes which includes awritings Parker collected such as scholarly articles and newspaper clippings. ","The final series \"Photographic Materials\" contains two \"Photographs and Slide Collection\" boxes containing groups of slides used by Parker in research or as lecture materials. This series also contains three boxes of \"Scrapbooks\" containing a scrapbooks of his field work. ","Florida geologic map (1929) that was removed from the collection to be cataloged and added to the Rare Maps Collection, signed by Parker.","None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Parker, Garald Gordon, 1905-2000","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-1988-05","/repositories/2/resources/243"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1939-1990, bulk 1970-1987"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dr. Garald Gordon Parker collection, 1939-1990, bulk 1970-1987"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dr. Garald Gordon Parker collection, 1939-1990, bulk 1970-1987"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. Garald Gordon Parker collection, 1939-1990, bulk 1970-1987"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Everglades (Fla.)","Biscayne Aquifer (Fla.)","Floridan Aquifer"],"geogname_ssim":["Everglades (Fla.)","Biscayne Aquifer (Fla.)","Floridan Aquifer"],"creator_ssm":["Parker, Garald Gordon, 1905-2000"],"creator_ssim":["Parker, Garald Gordon, 1905-2000"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Parker, Garald Gordon, 1905-2000"],"creators_ssim":["Parker, Garald Gordon, 1905-2000"],"places_ssim":["Everglades (Fla.)","Biscayne Aquifer (Fla.)","Floridan Aquifer"],"access_terms_ssm":["None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Garald G. Parker","Donation."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Hydrology","Hydrogeology","Aquifers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Hydrology","Hydrogeology","Aquifers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7.79 Linear Feet","20 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["7.79 Linear Feet","20 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["None"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is oragnized into three series. The first series labeled \"Professional Papers\" contains boxes \"Biographical Materials\" about Parker's life, \"Correspondence\" sent to or by Parker, \"Educational Materials\" he used while teaching, \"Legal Papers\" on court cases Parker followed, \"Organization and Association Records\" related to Parker's research, and \"Projects\" worked on by Parker or others. \"Correspondence\" is arranged chronologically, and all other boxes are organized topically and arranged alphabetically. \"Professional Papers\" also contains  boxes labeled \"Writings\" which are works by Parker himself, arranged alphabetically by title. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe next series is \"Research Materials\" which contains boxes \"Maps and Charts\" Parker used for research, and \"Notebooks\" containing Parker's field research notes. \"Research Materials\" also contains \"Publications\" boxes which include a collection of articles and other publications Parker collected by others, and are organized alphabetically by author or organization. There is also a selection of newspaper clippings organized after the articles within the second \"Publications\" box that are arranged alphabetically by folder label and then chronologically by year. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe final series \"Photographic Materials\" contains boxes \"Slide Collection\" containing groups of slides used by Parker, and \"Scrapbooks\" made by Parker of his research. These four boxes are separated into folders that are organized alphabetically of contain the itemized scrapbooks themselves.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is oragnized into three series. The first series labeled \"Professional Papers\" contains boxes \"Biographical Materials\" about Parker's life, \"Correspondence\" sent to or by Parker, \"Educational Materials\" he used while teaching, \"Legal Papers\" on court cases Parker followed, \"Organization and Association Records\" related to Parker's research, and \"Projects\" worked on by Parker or others. \"Correspondence\" is arranged chronologically, and all other boxes are organized topically and arranged alphabetically. \"Professional Papers\" also contains  boxes labeled \"Writings\" which are works by Parker himself, arranged alphabetically by title. ","The next series is \"Research Materials\" which contains boxes \"Maps and Charts\" Parker used for research, and \"Notebooks\" containing Parker's field research notes. \"Research Materials\" also contains \"Publications\" boxes which include a collection of articles and other publications Parker collected by others, and are organized alphabetically by author or organization. There is also a selection of newspaper clippings organized after the articles within the second \"Publications\" box that are arranged alphabetically by folder label and then chronologically by year. ","The final series \"Photographic Materials\" contains boxes \"Slide Collection\" containing groups of slides used by Parker, and \"Scrapbooks\" made by Parker of his research. These four boxes are separated into folders that are organized alphabetically of contain the itemized scrapbooks themselves."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGarald G. Parker, often cited as the \"Father of Florida groundwater hydrogeology,\" had a long career studying and preserving groundwater resources, particularly in Florida. In 1939, Parker and other scientists were sent by the U. S. Geological Survey to discover the reason why wells in Miami were going salty during a drought. Parker worked in the Everglades from 1940-1947, studying the water levels of wells with indicators that were monitored by planes flying over the marsh. During this time, Parker discovered and described both the Biscayne Aquifer and the Floridan Aquifer, detailing the water landscape of southern Florida in his monumental 1,000 page report \"Water Supply Paper 1255, Water Resources of Southeastern Florida\" (1955). Parker's work alerted Floridians to their ground-water resources, and resulted in the establishment of Florida's five Water Management Districts (though the state was slow in doing so). Parker also warned of the deleterious effects that unchecked settlement and water usage could have on the groundwater supply such as the encroachment of salt water that brought Parker to South Florida in the first place. After leaving the U.S. Geological Survey, Parker spent several years working as Chief Hydrologist for the Southwest Florida Water Management District, and then spent the last years of his active career working as a consultant.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://sofia.usgs.gov/memorials/parker/\"\u003ehttp://sofia.usgs.gov/memorials/parker/\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Justin M. White\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Garald G. Parker, often cited as the \"Father of Florida groundwater hydrogeology,\" had a long career studying and preserving groundwater resources, particularly in Florida. In 1939, Parker and other scientists were sent by the U. S. Geological Survey to discover the reason why wells in Miami were going salty during a drought. Parker worked in the Everglades from 1940-1947, studying the water levels of wells with indicators that were monitored by planes flying over the marsh. During this time, Parker discovered and described both the Biscayne Aquifer and the Floridan Aquifer, detailing the water landscape of southern Florida in his monumental 1,000 page report \"Water Supply Paper 1255, Water Resources of Southeastern Florida\" (1955). Parker's work alerted Floridians to their ground-water resources, and resulted in the establishment of Florida's five Water Management Districts (though the state was slow in doing so). Parker also warned of the deleterious effects that unchecked settlement and water usage could have on the groundwater supply such as the encroachment of salt water that brought Parker to South Florida in the first place. After leaving the U.S. Geological Survey, Parker spent several years working as Chief Hydrologist for the Southwest Florida Water Management District, and then spent the last years of his active career working as a consultant.","http://sofia.usgs.gov/memorials/parker/","Note written by Justin M. White"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Garald Gordon Parker collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Dr. Garald Gordon Parker collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ehttp://sofia.usgs.gov/memorials/parker/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA portion of the collection has been digitized. You can view the collection on Digital Commons at USF under the \u003ca href=\"https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/parker/\"\u003eDr. Garald Gordon Parker Collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Digital Collection Available"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["http://sofia.usgs.gov/memorials/parker/","A portion of the collection has been digitized. You can view the collection on Digital Commons at USF under the  Dr. Garald Gordon Parker Collection ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFollowing Garald Parker's long career in Florida hydrology, his materials focus almost exclusively on groundwater resources in southern Florida. The series labeled \"Professional Papers\" contains \"Biographical Materials\" which houses items about Parker's life, a box of \"Correspondence\" sent to or by Parker, \"Educational Materials\" which contains Syllabi and handouts used by Parker during his teaching career, two boxes of \"Legal Papers\" which deal with extensive materials Parker collected relating to two court cases, \"Organization and Association Records\" for environmental and science societies Parker followed, and the two \"Projects\" boxes which are organized around certain cases and may contain correspondence, reports, or court documents. \"Professional Papers\" also contains three boxes labeled \"Writings\" boxes cover articles and other writings by Parker. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe next series is \"Research Materials\" which contains a box of \"Maps and Charts\" that Parker used for research or reference, and Parker's \"Notebooks\" box includes field notebooks with his handwritten notes. \"Research Materials\" also contains two \"Publications\" boxes which includes awritings Parker collected such as scholarly articles and newspaper clippings. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe final series \"Photographic Materials\" contains two \"Photographs and Slide Collection\" boxes containing groups of slides used by Parker in research or as lecture materials. This series also contains three boxes of \"Scrapbooks\" containing a scrapbooks of his field work. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Following Garald Parker's long career in Florida hydrology, his materials focus almost exclusively on groundwater resources in southern Florida. The series labeled \"Professional Papers\" contains \"Biographical Materials\" which houses items about Parker's life, a box of \"Correspondence\" sent to or by Parker, \"Educational Materials\" which contains Syllabi and handouts used by Parker during his teaching career, two boxes of \"Legal Papers\" which deal with extensive materials Parker collected relating to two court cases, \"Organization and Association Records\" for environmental and science societies Parker followed, and the two \"Projects\" boxes which are organized around certain cases and may contain correspondence, reports, or court documents. \"Professional Papers\" also contains three boxes labeled \"Writings\" boxes cover articles and other writings by Parker. ","The next series is \"Research Materials\" which contains a box of \"Maps and Charts\" that Parker used for research or reference, and Parker's \"Notebooks\" box includes field notebooks with his handwritten notes. \"Research Materials\" also contains two \"Publications\" boxes which includes awritings Parker collected such as scholarly articles and newspaper clippings. ","The final series \"Photographic Materials\" contains two \"Photographs and Slide Collection\" boxes containing groups of slides used by Parker in research or as lecture materials. This series also contains three boxes of \"Scrapbooks\" containing a scrapbooks of his field work. "],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFlorida geologic map (1929) that was removed from the collection to be cataloged and added to the Rare Maps Collection, signed by Parker.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Florida geologic map (1929) that was removed from the collection to be cataloged and added to the Rare Maps Collection, signed by Parker."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0; The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Parker, Garald Gordon, 1905-2000"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Parker, Garald Gordon, 1905-2000"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":257,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870862650984890368,"_root_":"6baa5d2c05f8347c61e723eb","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:20:59.764Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/6baa5d2c05f8347c61e723eb_aspace_115008"}},{"id":"456875eab9536e3707a4b04f_aspace_6f82d0c15547b5b4536f7e521812b855","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Yucca","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/456875eab9536e3707a4b04f_aspace_6f82d0c15547b5b4536f7e521812b855#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_6f82d0c15547b5b4536f7e521812b855","ref_ssm":["aspace_6f82d0c15547b5b4536f7e521812b855","aspace_6f82d0c15547b5b4536f7e521812b855"],"id":"456875eab9536e3707a4b04f_aspace_6f82d0c15547b5b4536f7e521812b855","title_filing_ssi":"Yucca","title_ssm":["Yucca"],"title_tesim":["Yucca"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Yucca"],"text":["Yucca","Tom Mack Citrus and Vegetable Label Collection, 1900-1970","California","/repositories/3/archival_objects/44795","box 2","folder 95"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["456875eab9536e3707a4b04f","456875eab9536e3707a4b04f_aspace_3f3f9039316bc809a1be419afd77f80c"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Tom Mack Citrus and Vegetable Label Collection, 1900-1970","California"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Tom Mack Citrus and Vegetable Label Collection, 1900-1970","California"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/3/archival_objects/44795"],"repository_ssim":["Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Tom Mack Citrus and Vegetable Label Collection, 1900-1970"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":183,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the archives' ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["This collection is owned by Florida Southern College and is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."],"containers_ssim":["box 2","folder 95"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#164","_nest_parent_":"456875eab9536e3707a4b04f_aspace_3f3f9039316bc809a1be419afd77f80c","_root_":"456875eab9536e3707a4b04f","timestamp":"2026-06-30T02:21:32.973Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"456875eab9536e3707a4b04f","title_ssm":["Tom Mack Citrus and Vegetable Label Collection"],"title_tesim":["Tom Mack Citrus and Vegetable Label Collection"],"ead_ssi":"456875eab9536e3707a4b04f","unitdate_ssm":["1900-1970"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1900-1970"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["CIT1000-1","/repositories/3/resources/145"],"text":["CIT1000-1","/repositories/3/resources/145","Tom Mack Citrus and Vegetable Label Collection, 1900-1970","Citrus fruit industry - California","Citrus fruit industry — Texas","Citrus fruit industry — Arizona","Citrus fruit industry — Australia","Fruit Crate Labels","Citrus fruit industry","Vegetable trade","Commercial art","Advertising, Industrial","Lithography--20th century","Citrus fruit industry--Florida--History--20th century","This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the archives' ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials.","Citrus labels are arranged by alphabetical series that reflect their state of origin. Within the series, labels are also arraqnged alphabetical. Vegetable labels reflect multiple states of origin and are arranged alphabetically by brand name.","In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, America's agricultural landscape underwent a massive transformation. The expansion of railroads and the invention of the refrigerated boxcar (reefer) suddenly allowed fresh produce to travel thousands of miles from sun-drenched fields to chilly northern cities.","To ship these delicate goods, growers packed them into sturdy wooden crates. However, once those crates arrived at wholesale markets, they all looked identical. To stand out in crowded wholesale terminals, agricultural cooperatives and independent packers began pasting vibrant, lithographed paper labels onto the ends of their wooden crates. This gave rise to a golden era of graphic art that lasted from the late 1880s until the 1950s, when cheap, pre-printed cardboard boxes rendered the wooden crates and paper labels obsolete.","While all labels served as early forms of brand identity, the imagery varied dramatically by state, reflecting each region's unique geography, culture, and marketing strategy.","California was the undisputed pioneer of the crate label. Driven by the massive success of the Southern California Fruit Exchange (later renamed Sunkist in 1908), California labels set the industry standard for artistic quality.","Because the state was trying to attract tourists and settlers alongside selling fruit, its labels heavily romanticized the West. Artists depicted idyllic, sun-kissed groves nestled directly against snow-capped mountains, Spanish missions, beautiful women, and historical themes like the Gold Rush. The message was clear: purchasing California citrus was a bite of the healthy, prosperous, Mediterranean lifestyle.","Florida entered the game shortly after California, heavily influenced by the Florida Citrus Exchange (founded in 1909). Rather than focusing on majestic landscapes, Florida labels leaned into the state's lush, exotic, and sub-tropical climate.","Common motifs included flamingos, herons, alligators, palm trees, and pristine beaches. Florida growers also loved using historical themes centered on early explorers like Juan Ponce de León and the search for the Fountain of Youth, positioning their oranges and grapefruits as natural elixirs of life and vitality.","The Texas citrus and vegetable industry blossomed much later, finding its footing in the 1920s and 1930s in the fertile Rio Grande Valley. Because Texas entered a mature market dominated by California and Florida, state growers leaned aggressively into their most recognizable asset: Texas identity.","Texas labels are famous for cowboy imagery, longhorn cattle, oil derricks, Alamo imagery, and bold, patriotic colors. Brands like \"Texas Moon\" or \"Tex-Maid\" relied on regional pride and a rugged, western aesthetic to carve out shelf space, proving that everything—including the marketing—was bigger and bolder in Texas.","rizona's commercial citrus production emerged alongside massive irrigation projects in the Salt River Valley and Yuma Mesa during the early 1900s. Because its growing regions bordered California, Arizona labels often mirrored California's high-quality lithographic style but with distinct desert iconography.","Arizona labels leaned heavily into its striking desert geology, featuring Saguaro cacti, sweeping desert mesas, blazing sunsets, and romanticized depictions of Native American cultures. These labels framed Arizona as a miraculous agricultural oasis, emphasizing that their grapefruit and oranges were grown under intense desert sun, which heightened sweetness.","By the mid-1950s, the art form abruptly vanished. Flat-packed corrugated cardboard boxes with simple, cheap ink stamps took over because they were lighter to ship and far less labor-intensive than assembling wooden crates.","The materials in this collection reflect the history of citrus and vegetable crate labels through the early to mid-twentieth century. Most of the citrus labels were produced through the 1940s, with vegetable labels continuing through the early 1970s. ","This collection is notable in that it contains labels from the four major players in the U.S. citrus market: California, Florida, Arizona, and Texas. This allows one to compare the approaches each state took in the creation of their labels (size, layout, etc.) as well as shared themes and themes unique to each state.","Also notable is the handful of labels from Australia, which are the only known overseas citrus crate labels in our collections.","Most labels are authentic, although there are a few reproductions present within the collection. As an educator, Professor Mack's surmised intent was to demonstrate the historical design of the labels rather than collecting them for profit or hobby. ","This collection is owned by Florida Southern College and is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).","Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["CIT1000-1","/repositories/3/resources/145"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1900-1970"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Tom Mack Citrus and Vegetable Label Collection, 1900-1970"],"collection_title_tesim":["Tom Mack Citrus and Vegetable Label Collection, 1900-1970"],"collection_ssim":["Tom Mack Citrus and Vegetable Label Collection, 1900-1970"],"repository_ssm":["Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Citrus fruit industry - California","Citrus fruit industry — Texas","Citrus fruit industry — Arizona","Citrus fruit industry — Australia"],"geogname_ssim":["Citrus fruit industry - California","Citrus fruit industry — Texas","Citrus fruit industry — Arizona","Citrus fruit industry — Australia"],"places_ssim":["Citrus fruit industry - California","Citrus fruit industry — Texas","Citrus fruit industry — Arizona","Citrus fruit industry — Australia"],"access_terms_ssm":["This collection is owned by Florida Southern College and is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was created by Professor Tom Mack as part of his efforts to document the history of the citrus industry. It was transferred to the archives via the library upon his retirement."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Fruit Crate Labels","Citrus fruit industry","Vegetable trade","Commercial art","Advertising, Industrial","Lithography--20th century","Citrus fruit industry--Florida--History--20th century"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Fruit Crate Labels","Citrus fruit industry","Vegetable trade","Commercial art","Advertising, Industrial","Lithography--20th century","Citrus fruit industry--Florida--History--20th century"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.3 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["2.3 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the archives' ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the archives' ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCitrus labels are arranged by alphabetical series that reflect their state of origin. Within the series, labels are also arraqnged alphabetical. Vegetable labels reflect multiple states of origin and are arranged alphabetically by brand name.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Citrus labels are arranged by alphabetical series that reflect their state of origin. Within the series, labels are also arraqnged alphabetical. Vegetable labels reflect multiple states of origin and are arranged alphabetically by brand name."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn the late 19th and early 20th centuries, America's agricultural landscape underwent a massive transformation. The expansion of railroads and the invention of the refrigerated boxcar (reefer) suddenly allowed fresh produce to travel thousands of miles from sun-drenched fields to chilly northern cities.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTo ship these delicate goods, growers packed them into sturdy wooden crates. However, once those crates arrived at wholesale markets, they all looked identical. To stand out in crowded wholesale terminals, agricultural cooperatives and independent packers began pasting vibrant, lithographed paper labels onto the ends of their wooden crates. This gave rise to a golden era of graphic art that lasted from the late 1880s until the 1950s, when cheap, pre-printed cardboard boxes rendered the wooden crates and paper labels obsolete.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile all labels served as early forms of brand identity, the imagery varied dramatically by state, reflecting each region's unique geography, culture, and marketing strategy.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCalifornia was the undisputed pioneer of the crate label. Driven by the massive success of the Southern California Fruit Exchange (later renamed Sunkist in 1908), California labels set the industry standard for artistic quality.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBecause the state was trying to attract tourists and settlers alongside selling fruit, its labels heavily romanticized the West. Artists depicted idyllic, sun-kissed groves nestled directly against snow-capped mountains, Spanish missions, beautiful women, and historical themes like the Gold Rush. The message was clear: purchasing California citrus was a bite of the healthy, prosperous, Mediterranean lifestyle.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFlorida entered the game shortly after California, heavily influenced by the Florida Citrus Exchange (founded in 1909). Rather than focusing on majestic landscapes, Florida labels leaned into the state's lush, exotic, and sub-tropical climate.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCommon motifs included flamingos, herons, alligators, palm trees, and pristine beaches. 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To stand out in crowded wholesale terminals, agricultural cooperatives and independent packers began pasting vibrant, lithographed paper labels onto the ends of their wooden crates. This gave rise to a golden era of graphic art that lasted from the late 1880s until the 1950s, when cheap, pre-printed cardboard boxes rendered the wooden crates and paper labels obsolete.","While all labels served as early forms of brand identity, the imagery varied dramatically by state, reflecting each region's unique geography, culture, and marketing strategy.","California was the undisputed pioneer of the crate label. Driven by the massive success of the Southern California Fruit Exchange (later renamed Sunkist in 1908), California labels set the industry standard for artistic quality.","Because the state was trying to attract tourists and settlers alongside selling fruit, its labels heavily romanticized the West. Artists depicted idyllic, sun-kissed groves nestled directly against snow-capped mountains, Spanish missions, beautiful women, and historical themes like the Gold Rush. The message was clear: purchasing California citrus was a bite of the healthy, prosperous, Mediterranean lifestyle.","Florida entered the game shortly after California, heavily influenced by the Florida Citrus Exchange (founded in 1909). Rather than focusing on majestic landscapes, Florida labels leaned into the state's lush, exotic, and sub-tropical climate.","Common motifs included flamingos, herons, alligators, palm trees, and pristine beaches. Florida growers also loved using historical themes centered on early explorers like Juan Ponce de León and the search for the Fountain of Youth, positioning their oranges and grapefruits as natural elixirs of life and vitality.","The Texas citrus and vegetable industry blossomed much later, finding its footing in the 1920s and 1930s in the fertile Rio Grande Valley. Because Texas entered a mature market dominated by California and Florida, state growers leaned aggressively into their most recognizable asset: Texas identity.","Texas labels are famous for cowboy imagery, longhorn cattle, oil derricks, Alamo imagery, and bold, patriotic colors. Brands like \"Texas Moon\" or \"Tex-Maid\" relied on regional pride and a rugged, western aesthetic to carve out shelf space, proving that everything—including the marketing—was bigger and bolder in Texas.","rizona's commercial citrus production emerged alongside massive irrigation projects in the Salt River Valley and Yuma Mesa during the early 1900s. Because its growing regions bordered California, Arizona labels often mirrored California's high-quality lithographic style but with distinct desert iconography.","Arizona labels leaned heavily into its striking desert geology, featuring Saguaro cacti, sweeping desert mesas, blazing sunsets, and romanticized depictions of Native American cultures. These labels framed Arizona as a miraculous agricultural oasis, emphasizing that their grapefruit and oranges were grown under intense desert sun, which heightened sweetness.","By the mid-1950s, the art form abruptly vanished. Flat-packed corrugated cardboard boxes with simple, cheap ink stamps took over because they were lighter to ship and far less labor-intensive than assembling wooden crates."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this collection reflect the history of citrus and vegetable crate labels through the early to mid-twentieth century. Most of the citrus labels were produced through the 1940s, with vegetable labels continuing through the early 1970s. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection is notable in that it contains labels from the four major players in the U.S. citrus market: California, Florida, Arizona, and Texas. This allows one to compare the approaches each state took in the creation of their labels (size, layout, etc.) as well as shared themes and themes unique to each state.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso notable is the handful of labels from Australia, which are the only known overseas citrus crate labels in our collections.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMost labels are authentic, although there are a few reproductions present within the collection. As an educator, Professor Mack's surmised intent was to demonstrate the historical design of the labels rather than collecting them for profit or hobby. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The materials in this collection reflect the history of citrus and vegetable crate labels through the early to mid-twentieth century. Most of the citrus labels were produced through the 1940s, with vegetable labels continuing through the early 1970s. ","This collection is notable in that it contains labels from the four major players in the U.S. citrus market: California, Florida, Arizona, and Texas. This allows one to compare the approaches each state took in the creation of their labels (size, layout, etc.) as well as shared themes and themes unique to each state.","Also notable is the handful of labels from Australia, which are the only known overseas citrus crate labels in our collections.","Most labels are authentic, although there are a few reproductions present within the collection. As an educator, Professor Mack's surmised intent was to demonstrate the historical design of the labels rather than collecting them for profit or hobby. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is owned by Florida Southern College and is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. 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