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During and after his career, he repeatedly called for the U.S. to lift its trade embargo against Cuba.","Primarily covers his years in the U.S. House of Representatives, 1962-1996.","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Gibbons, Sam M. 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He founded USF's Foundation and served as its first president, expanded the City of Tampa by annexing suburbs, founded the Southwest Florida Water Management District, and began programs to save the state money and prevent corruption. He joined the Florida Senate in 1958, serving one term before being elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1962.\u0026#xA0; Gibbons died in Tampa in 2012.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs a member of Congress, Gibbons became known as a moderate democrat interested in free trade and tax reform. He joined Congress in time to vote for the land mark civil rights bill, Medicare, President Johnson's War on Poverty, and to vote for the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution giving the president the power to wage war in Vietnam, a vote he came to regret. He funneled Urban Renewal funds into Tampa's crumbling inner city. In 1969, he joined the influential Ways and Means Committee, where he would sit until his retirement in 1996, spending much attention on the Subcommittee on Trade. He put his free trade beliefs into action with the Caribbean Basin Initiative (CBI), passing two versions in the 1980s. He retired in 1996 after a stormy stint as the voice of opposition to the new Republican majority. During and after his career, he repeatedly called for the U.S. to lift its trade embargo against Cuba.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Sam M. Gibbons was born in Tampa Florida in 1920. His tenure in law school was interrupted by World War II, when he volunteered for the Army, and later for duty as a paratrooper in the 101st Airborne Division. He served with distinction and in 1951 Gibbons was elected to the Florida House of Representatives, where he drafted the bill founding the University of South Florida in Hillsborough County. He founded USF's Foundation and served as its first president, expanded the City of Tampa by annexing suburbs, founded the Southwest Florida Water Management District, and began programs to save the state money and prevent corruption. He joined the Florida Senate in 1958, serving one term before being elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1962.  Gibbons died in Tampa in 2012.","As a member of Congress, Gibbons became known as a moderate democrat interested in free trade and tax reform. He joined Congress in time to vote for the land mark civil rights bill, Medicare, President Johnson's War on Poverty, and to vote for the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution giving the president the power to wage war in Vietnam, a vote he came to regret. He funneled Urban Renewal funds into Tampa's crumbling inner city. In 1969, he joined the influential Ways and Means Committee, where he would sit until his retirement in 1996, spending much attention on the Subcommittee on Trade. He put his free trade beliefs into action with the Caribbean Basin Initiative (CBI), passing two versions in the 1980s. He retired in 1996 after a stormy stint as the voice of opposition to the new Republican majority. During and after his career, he repeatedly called for the U.S. to lift its trade embargo against Cuba."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePrimarily covers his years in the U.S. House of Representatives, 1962-1996.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Primarily covers his years in the U.S. House of Representatives, 1962-1996."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0;The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Gibbons, Sam M. 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Order corresponds with cartoon numbering in the publications  Code Red  and  Diversions.","Born in Jacksonville, Florida, Ed Hall received his B.D. in Graphic Design, and his M.F.A. in Painting from the University of Florida.  While in college he did political cartoons and illustrations for The Florida Independent Alligator, UF's school newspaper.  After college, Hall worked for several weekly publications in and around Jacksonville, and finally settled at The Baker County Press in Macclenny (just outside of Jacksonville) where he continues to work as the weekly cartoonist. Over the last 12 years, Hall has won 9 Florida Press Awards, 3 Newsmaker Awards, and numerous fine art awards in national and international competitions. In 2003, Ed was presented the 53rd Annual Green Eyeshade Award for weekly cartoons by The Society of Professional Journalists.  He has also won the Florida Press Club Award four times (2003 \u0026 2006, 2008 and 2012), competing with cartoonists from newspapers with up to 75,000 in circulation.","Ed is the owner of  Design Alternatives , a home-based residential design service. He has also been an adjunct professor of drawing at Flagler College in St. Augustine and The University of North Florida, Jacksonville.","Ed's cartoons and political illustrations have been featured in The Washington Post, The Los Angeles Times, The Tallahassee Democrat, The New York Time's Scope Magazine and on CNN Headline News. In 2003 he was asked to join Artizans, a Canadian based syndicate.  Through Artizans, Ed's cartoons appear weekly in newspapers across North America.","In 2003, Hall published his first book of oolitical cartoons entitled,  Code Red – Editorial Cartoons by Ed Hall.   His second collection entitled  Diversions and other Political Observations  was published in 2006.  His cartoons are also consistently featured in Charles Brook's \"Best Editorial Cartoons of the Year.\"","Hall's art work has been displayed both regionally and nationally; most recently at the American University Museum in Washington DC, the Warhol Museum in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the Fowler Gallery in Provincetown, Massachusetts, and the Laredo Center for the Arts in Laredo, Texas.  He was also awarded a one-person show at the Reddi-arts Gallery in Jacksonville, Florida.  Other recent awards include best of show in  Behind the Mask, Inside the Head  a Jacksonville Coalition for the Visual Arts exhibition in 1997, and best of show for  Figures of the Millenium , a St. Augustine Art Association show held in 1999.","Hall is represented in Florida by The Corse Gallery \u0026 Atelier.  His work is also held in the permanent collection of the St. Augustine Art Association.","Hall resides in Jacksonville with his wife Emmy.","published","This collection contains original cartoons by Baker Country Press and Artizans cartoonist Ed Hall from his 2003 book entitled  Code Red—Editorial Cartoons  and his 2006 book entitled  Diversions . These cartoons, which originally ran from 1996-2006, cover topics including Florida politics, national politics, popular culture and the war in Iraq. Select cartoons were not donated and are not part of the collection.","\"Lil Bin Ladens from Bombed Saddam\" was donated separately to the Mahan Collection of American Humor and Cartoon Art. It is located in box 23 of the Mahan Collection.","None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Hall, Ed","English"],"unitid_tesim":["H59","/repositories/2/resources/494"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1996-2006, Date acquired: 12/00/2012"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ed Hall editorial cartoon collection, 1996-2006, Date acquired: 12/00/2012"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ed Hall editorial cartoon collection, 1996-2006, Date acquired: 12/00/2012"],"collection_ssim":["Ed Hall editorial cartoon collection, 1996-2006, Date acquired: 12/00/2012"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Florida -- Politics and government"],"geogname_ssim":["Florida -- Politics and government"],"creator_ssm":["Hall, Ed"],"creator_ssim":["Hall, Ed"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hall, Ed"],"creators_ssim":["Hall, Ed"],"places_ssim":["Florida -- Politics and government"],"access_terms_ssm":["None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Ed Hall","Donation"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Caricatures and cartoons -- United States","Artists -- Florida","Political cartoons"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Caricatures and cartoons -- United States","Artists -- Florida","Political cartoons"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6.62 Linear Feet","4 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["6.62 Linear Feet","4 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Political cartoons"],"date_range_isim":[1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries Two added March 2014.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Series Two added March 2014."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOriginal order maintained. Order corresponds with cartoon numbering in the publications \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCode Red\u003c/emph\u003e and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDiversions.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["Original order maintained. Order corresponds with cartoon numbering in the publications  Code Red  and  Diversions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn in Jacksonville, Florida, Ed Hall received his B.D. in Graphic Design, and his M.F.A. in Painting from the University of Florida.\u0026#xA0; While in college he did political cartoons and illustrations for The Florida Independent Alligator, UF's school newspaper.\u0026#xA0; After college, Hall worked for several weekly publications in and around Jacksonville, and finally settled at The Baker County Press in Macclenny (just outside of Jacksonville) where he continues to work as the weekly cartoonist. Over the last 12 years, Hall has won 9 Florida Press Awards, 3 Newsmaker Awards, and numerous fine art awards in national and international competitions. In 2003, Ed was presented the 53rd Annual Green Eyeshade Award for weekly cartoons by The Society of Professional Journalists.\u0026#xA0; He has also won the Florida Press Club Award four times (2003 \u0026amp; 2006, 2008 and 2012), competing with cartoonists from newspapers with up to 75,000 in circulation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEd is the owner of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDesign Alternatives\u003c/emph\u003e, a home-based residential design service. He has also been an adjunct professor of drawing at Flagler College in St. Augustine and The University of North Florida, Jacksonville.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEd's cartoons and political illustrations have been featured in The Washington Post, The Los Angeles Times, The Tallahassee Democrat, The New York Time's Scope Magazine and on CNN Headline News. In 2003 he was asked to join Artizans, a Canadian based syndicate.\u0026#xA0; Through Artizans, Ed's cartoons appear weekly in newspapers across North America.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 2003, Hall published his first book of oolitical cartoons entitled, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCode Red \u0026#x2013; Editorial Cartoons by Ed Hall.\u0026#xA0; \u003c/emph\u003eHis second collection entitled \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDiversions and other Political Observations\u003c/emph\u003e was published in 2006.\u0026#xA0; His cartoons are also consistently featured in Charles Brook's \"Best Editorial Cartoons of the Year.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHall's art work has been displayed both regionally and nationally; most recently at the American University Museum in Washington DC, the Warhol Museum in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the Fowler Gallery in Provincetown, Massachusetts, and the Laredo Center for the Arts in Laredo, Texas.\u0026#xA0; He was also awarded a one-person show at the Reddi-arts Gallery in Jacksonville, Florida.\u0026#xA0; Other recent awards include best of show in \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBehind the Mask, Inside the Head\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e a Jacksonville Coalition for the Visual Arts exhibition in 1997, and best of show for \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFigures of the Millenium\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e, a St. Augustine Art Association show held in 1999.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHall is represented in Florida by The Corse Gallery \u0026amp; Atelier.\u0026#xA0; His work is also held in the permanent collection of the St. Augustine Art Association.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHall resides in Jacksonville with his wife Emmy.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born in Jacksonville, Florida, Ed Hall received his B.D. in Graphic Design, and his M.F.A. in Painting from the University of Florida.  While in college he did political cartoons and illustrations for The Florida Independent Alligator, UF's school newspaper.  After college, Hall worked for several weekly publications in and around Jacksonville, and finally settled at The Baker County Press in Macclenny (just outside of Jacksonville) where he continues to work as the weekly cartoonist. Over the last 12 years, Hall has won 9 Florida Press Awards, 3 Newsmaker Awards, and numerous fine art awards in national and international competitions. In 2003, Ed was presented the 53rd Annual Green Eyeshade Award for weekly cartoons by The Society of Professional Journalists.  He has also won the Florida Press Club Award four times (2003 \u0026 2006, 2008 and 2012), competing with cartoonists from newspapers with up to 75,000 in circulation.","Ed is the owner of  Design Alternatives , a home-based residential design service. He has also been an adjunct professor of drawing at Flagler College in St. Augustine and The University of North Florida, Jacksonville.","Ed's cartoons and political illustrations have been featured in The Washington Post, The Los Angeles Times, The Tallahassee Democrat, The New York Time's Scope Magazine and on CNN Headline News. In 2003 he was asked to join Artizans, a Canadian based syndicate.  Through Artizans, Ed's cartoons appear weekly in newspapers across North America.","In 2003, Hall published his first book of oolitical cartoons entitled,  Code Red – Editorial Cartoons by Ed Hall.   His second collection entitled  Diversions and other Political Observations  was published in 2006.  His cartoons are also consistently featured in Charles Brook's \"Best Editorial Cartoons of the Year.\"","Hall's art work has been displayed both regionally and nationally; most recently at the American University Museum in Washington DC, the Warhol Museum in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the Fowler Gallery in Provincetown, Massachusetts, and the Laredo Center for the Arts in Laredo, Texas.  He was also awarded a one-person show at the Reddi-arts Gallery in Jacksonville, Florida.  Other recent awards include best of show in  Behind the Mask, Inside the Head  a Jacksonville Coalition for the Visual Arts exhibition in 1997, and best of show for  Figures of the Millenium , a St. Augustine Art Association show held in 1999.","Hall is represented in Florida by The Corse Gallery \u0026 Atelier.  His work is also held in the permanent collection of the St. Augustine Art Association.","Hall resides in Jacksonville with his wife Emmy."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003epublished\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Other Descriptive Information"],"odd_tesim":["published"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEd Hall Editorial Cartoon Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Ed Hall Editorial Cartoon Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains original cartoons by Baker Country Press and Artizans cartoonist Ed Hall from his 2003 book entitled \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCode Red\u0026#x2014;Editorial Cartoons \u003c/emph\u003eand his 2006 book entitled \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDiversions\u003c/emph\u003e. These cartoons, which originally ran from 1996-2006, cover topics including Florida politics, national politics, popular culture and the war in Iraq. Select cartoons were not donated and are not part of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains original cartoons by Baker Country Press and Artizans cartoonist Ed Hall from his 2003 book entitled  Code Red—Editorial Cartoons  and his 2006 book entitled  Diversions . These cartoons, which originally ran from 1996-2006, cover topics including Florida politics, national politics, popular culture and the war in Iraq. Select cartoons were not donated and are not part of the collection."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Lil Bin Ladens from Bombed Saddam\" was donated separately to the Mahan Collection of American Humor and Cartoon Art. It is located in box 23 of the Mahan Collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["\"Lil Bin Ladens from Bombed Saddam\" was donated separately to the Mahan Collection of American Humor and Cartoon Art. It is located in box 23 of the Mahan Collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0; The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Hall, Ed"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Hall, Ed"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":287,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870863200756432896,"_root_":"1309a9d63f577afddf5ec714","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:29:44.067Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/1309a9d63f577afddf5ec714_aspace_123486"}},{"id":"65675f74ccda9442057b96d0_aspace_177448","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"W\u0026M – Energy and Taxes","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/65675f74ccda9442057b96d0_aspace_177448#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_177448","ref_ssm":["aspace_177448","aspace_177448"],"id":"65675f74ccda9442057b96d0_aspace_177448","title_filing_ssi":"W\u0026M – Energy and Taxes","title_ssm":["W\u0026M – Energy and Taxes"],"title_tesim":["W\u0026M – Energy and Taxes"],"normalized_title_ssm":["W\u0026M – Energy and Taxes"],"text":["W\u0026M – Energy and Taxes","Sam Gibbons collection, 1940-2000, 1996, bulk 1960-1996","Final-22","Folder 8","/repositories/2/archival_objects/69927","box 338","folder 8"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["65675f74ccda9442057b96d0","65675f74ccda9442057b96d0_aspace_177440"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Sam Gibbons collection, 1940-2000, 1996, bulk 1960-1996","Final-22"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Sam Gibbons collection, 1940-2000, 1996, bulk 1960-1996","Final-22"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Box"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 8","/repositories/2/archival_objects/69927"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Sam Gibbons collection, 1940-2000, 1996, bulk 1960-1996"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":7612,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"containers_ssim":["box 338","folder 8"],"_nest_path_":"/components#336/components#7","_nest_parent_":"65675f74ccda9442057b96d0_aspace_177440","_root_":"65675f74ccda9442057b96d0","_version_":1881013055886721024,"timestamp":"2026-11-05T10:17:19.988Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"65675f74ccda9442057b96d0","title_ssm":["Sam Gibbons collection"],"title_tesim":["Sam Gibbons collection"],"ead_ssi":"65675f74ccda9442057b96d0","unitdate_ssm":["1940-2000","1960-1996","1996"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1960-1996"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1940-2000"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1996"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-1996-02","/repositories/2/resources/378"],"text":["MS-1996-02","/repositories/2/resources/378","Sam Gibbons collection, 1940-2000, 1996, bulk 1960-1996","Florida -- Politics and government","Tampa (Fla.) -- Politics and government","Tampa Bay Region (Fla.) -- History","University of South Florida -- History","No restrictions.","Chronologically, broken up by committee and subject. 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He joined the Florida Senate in 1958, serving one term before being elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1962.  Gibbons died in Tampa in 2012.","As a member of Congress, Gibbons became known as a moderate democrat interested in free trade and tax reform. He joined Congress in time to vote for the land mark civil rights bill, Medicare, President Johnson's War on Poverty, and to vote for the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution giving the president the power to wage war in Vietnam, a vote he came to regret. He funneled Urban Renewal funds into Tampa's crumbling inner city. In 1969, he joined the influential Ways and Means Committee, where he would sit until his retirement in 1996, spending much attention on the Subcommittee on Trade. He put his free trade beliefs into action with the Caribbean Basin Initiative (CBI), passing two versions in the 1980s. He retired in 1996 after a stormy stint as the voice of opposition to the new Republican majority. During and after his career, he repeatedly called for the U.S. to lift its trade embargo against Cuba.","Primarily covers his years in the U.S. House of Representatives, 1962-1996.","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Gibbons, Sam M. 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He founded USF's Foundation and served as its first president, expanded the City of Tampa by annexing suburbs, founded the Southwest Florida Water Management District, and began programs to save the state money and prevent corruption. He joined the Florida Senate in 1958, serving one term before being elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1962.\u0026#xA0; Gibbons died in Tampa in 2012.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs a member of Congress, Gibbons became known as a moderate democrat interested in free trade and tax reform. He joined Congress in time to vote for the land mark civil rights bill, Medicare, President Johnson's War on Poverty, and to vote for the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution giving the president the power to wage war in Vietnam, a vote he came to regret. He funneled Urban Renewal funds into Tampa's crumbling inner city. In 1969, he joined the influential Ways and Means Committee, where he would sit until his retirement in 1996, spending much attention on the Subcommittee on Trade. He put his free trade beliefs into action with the Caribbean Basin Initiative (CBI), passing two versions in the 1980s. He retired in 1996 after a stormy stint as the voice of opposition to the new Republican majority. During and after his career, he repeatedly called for the U.S. to lift its trade embargo against Cuba.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Sam M. Gibbons was born in Tampa Florida in 1920. His tenure in law school was interrupted by World War II, when he volunteered for the Army, and later for duty as a paratrooper in the 101st Airborne Division. He served with distinction and in 1951 Gibbons was elected to the Florida House of Representatives, where he drafted the bill founding the University of South Florida in Hillsborough County. He founded USF's Foundation and served as its first president, expanded the City of Tampa by annexing suburbs, founded the Southwest Florida Water Management District, and began programs to save the state money and prevent corruption. He joined the Florida Senate in 1958, serving one term before being elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1962.  Gibbons died in Tampa in 2012.","As a member of Congress, Gibbons became known as a moderate democrat interested in free trade and tax reform. He joined Congress in time to vote for the land mark civil rights bill, Medicare, President Johnson's War on Poverty, and to vote for the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution giving the president the power to wage war in Vietnam, a vote he came to regret. He funneled Urban Renewal funds into Tampa's crumbling inner city. In 1969, he joined the influential Ways and Means Committee, where he would sit until his retirement in 1996, spending much attention on the Subcommittee on Trade. He put his free trade beliefs into action with the Caribbean Basin Initiative (CBI), passing two versions in the 1980s. He retired in 1996 after a stormy stint as the voice of opposition to the new Republican majority. During and after his career, he repeatedly called for the U.S. to lift its trade embargo against Cuba."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePrimarily covers his years in the U.S. House of Representatives, 1962-1996.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Primarily covers his years in the U.S. House of Representatives, 1962-1996."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0;The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Gibbons, Sam M. 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