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Recent revisions in the U.S. Copyright Law extended the copyright of correspondence, letters, and other personal papers to the life of the author plus seventy years.","UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center","Simpson \u0026 Company Lumber Mill (Bagdad, Fla.)","Carpenter family.","Wright family.","Carpenter, Cornelia","Wright, H. T. (Henry T.)--Correspondence.","Bushnell, R. 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Permission may be granted by the Special Collections Librarian for such reprography dependent on issues of copyright, ownership, condition, donor agreements, etc.  In general, staff do not make reproductions of copyright materials or materials for which title is not owned by the institution.  Recent revisions in the U.S. Copyright Law extended the copyright of correspondence, letters, and other personal papers to the life of the author plus seventy years."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Mrs. Cornelia Brown Carpenter, 200 W. 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Permission may be granted by the Special Collections Librarian for such reprography dependent on issues of copyright, ownership, condition, donor agreements, etc.  In general, staff do not make reproductions of copyright materials or materials for which title is not owned by the institution.  Recent revisions in the U.S. Copyright Law extended the copyright of correspondence, letters, and other personal papers to the life of the author plus seventy years.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Digital photography, scanning, and photocopying of materials is prohibited.  Permission may be granted by the Special Collections Librarian for such reprography dependent on issues of copyright, ownership, condition, donor agreements, etc.  In general, staff do not make reproductions of copyright materials or materials for which title is not owned by the institution.  Recent revisions in the U.S. Copyright Law extended the copyright of correspondence, letters, and other personal papers to the life of the author plus seventy years."],"names_coll_ssim":["Simpson \u0026 Company Lumber Mill (Bagdad, Fla.)","Carpenter family.","Wright family.","Wright, H. T. (Henry T.)--Correspondence.","Bushnell, R. M.--Correspondence."],"names_ssim":["UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center","Simpson \u0026 Company Lumber Mill (Bagdad, Fla.)","Carpenter family.","Wright family.","Carpenter, Cornelia","Wright, H. T. (Henry T.)--Correspondence.","Bushnell, R. M.--Correspondence."],"corpname_ssim":["UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center","Simpson \u0026 Company Lumber Mill (Bagdad, Fla.)"],"famname_ssim":["Carpenter family.","Wright family."],"persname_ssim":["Carpenter, Cornelia","Wright, H. T. (Henry T.)--Correspondence.","Bushnell, R. 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She graduated from Dillard High School at just 14 years old and, at 15, entered Fisk University on a Ford Foundation scholarship to study English. Her intellectual journey deepened at Oberlin College, where exposure to courses on the African diaspora inspired her to change her major to Sociology-Anthropology, earning her bachelor's degree in 1957.","Gloria enrolled at Columbia University in New York, where she pursued graduate studies in Anthropology. She earned both her Master's (1959) and Ph.D. degrees in (1964), becoming the first African American woman to teach at Columbia University. Following the completion of her doctorate, Dr. Sudarkasa was appointed assistant professor of anthropology at New York University (1970-1976), again marking a historic first for an African American woman. ","Gloria Albertha Marshall adopted the name Niara Sudarkasa to reflect her evolving identity as a cultural bridge between African Americans and continental Africans. Her name change marked a deepening commitment to diasporic connection and cultural reclamation.\nAt the University of Michigan, Dr. Sudarkasa continued to break barriers, becoming the first African American faculty member in the Department of Anthropology. From 1978 to 1981, she served as Associate Director of the Center for Afro-American and African Studies, advancing scholarship and institutional support for African diaspora research.","In 1986, she became the first female president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania, a role she held until 1998. Her scholarship increasingly centered on the lives of women in West Africa and the enduring strength of the Black family. Her work in Nigeria earned her recognition from the royal court: in 2001, His Royal Majesty Aláyélúwà Ọba Ọkúnadé Sijuwade Olúbùsẹ II of the Royal Court of Ifẹ́ conferred upon her the chieftaincy title Yèyé Olókun Ìgbàdérò. She was the first African American to receive this honor from the Ifẹ́ Kingdom.","Following her retirement from higher education, Dr. Sudarkasa returned to her hometown of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where she became the first scholar-in-residence at the newly opened African American Research Library and Cultural Center in 2002.\nDr. Sudarkasa was married to John L. Clark and was the mother of Michael Sudarkasa. She passed away on May 31, 2019, at the age of 80, leaving behind a legacy of scholarship, leadership, and cultural stewardship.","The Niara Sudarkasa Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection. ","Parts of the collection have received file level processing. From January 2022 to May 2024, FIU interns, Emmanuel George, and Dominique St. Victor processed \"Series I. Correspondence\" and \"Series III. Professional Papers, Sub-series 1. Writings by Niara Sudarkasa and Sub-series 2. Writings by Others\" as part of the WPHL-FIU Community Data Curation grant.","The Niara Sudarkasa Collection documents the career of anthropologist, Africanist, professor, and university president Dr. Niara Sudarkasa. The collection contains correspondence, scholarly writings, publications, research files, audio visual materials, awards, and business papers dating from 1934 to 2006. The collection also includes Dr. Sudarka's personal library of more than 2,500 books, journals, and pamphlets. The collection highlights Dr. Sudarkasa's professional achievements including becoming the first woman president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania and first Black faculty member of the Anthropology Department at the University of Michigan. Her papers are a unique resource on Yoruba language and culture, ethnic groups in higher education, and the Black Power Movement in the United States. They also document her work to strengthen international programs at Lincoln and the University of Michigan.","Books from this collection were cataloged in the Broward County Library catalog with the prefix \"SUD\".","AARLCC Special Collections","University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)","Sudarkasa, Niara","English"],"unitid_tesim":["AARLCC.2006.4","/repositories/2/resources/51"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1934-2006"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006"],"collection_title_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006"],"collection_ssim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006"],"repository_ssm":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"creator_ssim":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"creators_ssim":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Dr. Niara Sudarkasa donated the materials to the AARLCC Special Collections on October 17, 2006 (Accession AARLCC-2006.4)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Bahamian Americans","Correspondence","Photographs","plaques (flat objects)","Periodicals"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Bahamian Americans","Correspondence","Photographs","plaques (flat objects)","Periodicals"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["400 Hollinger Boxes","410 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["400 Hollinger Boxes","410 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Photographs","plaques (flat objects)","Periodicals"],"date_range_isim":[1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Niara Sudarkasa Collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://digitalarchives.broward.org/digital/collection/nsb\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eView a selection of digitized materials from the Niara Sudarkasa Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Digitized Materials"],"altformavail_tesim":["View a selection of digitized materials from the Niara Sudarkasa Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNiara Sudarkasa, born Gloria Albertha Marshall to a Bahamian immigrant family on August 14, 1938, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, demonstrated exceptional academic promise from an early age. 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Following the completion of her doctorate, Dr. Sudarkasa was appointed assistant professor of anthropology at New York University (1970-1976), again marking a historic first for an African American woman. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGloria Albertha Marshall adopted the name Niara Sudarkasa to reflect her evolving identity as a cultural bridge between African Americans and continental Africans. Her name change marked a deepening commitment to diasporic connection and cultural reclamation.\nAt the University of Michigan, Dr. Sudarkasa continued to break barriers, becoming the first African American faculty member in the Department of Anthropology. From 1978 to 1981, she served as Associate Director of the Center for Afro-American and African Studies, advancing scholarship and institutional support for African diaspora research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1986, she became the first female president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania, a role she held until 1998. 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Clark and was the mother of Michael Sudarkasa. She passed away on May 31, 2019, at the age of 80, leaving behind a legacy of scholarship, leadership, and cultural stewardship.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa, born Gloria Albertha Marshall to a Bahamian immigrant family on August 14, 1938, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, demonstrated exceptional academic promise from an early age. She graduated from Dillard High School at just 14 years old and, at 15, entered Fisk University on a Ford Foundation scholarship to study English. Her intellectual journey deepened at Oberlin College, where exposure to courses on the African diaspora inspired her to change her major to Sociology-Anthropology, earning her bachelor's degree in 1957.","Gloria enrolled at Columbia University in New York, where she pursued graduate studies in Anthropology. She earned both her Master's (1959) and Ph.D. degrees in (1964), becoming the first African American woman to teach at Columbia University. Following the completion of her doctorate, Dr. Sudarkasa was appointed assistant professor of anthropology at New York University (1970-1976), again marking a historic first for an African American woman. ","Gloria Albertha Marshall adopted the name Niara Sudarkasa to reflect her evolving identity as a cultural bridge between African Americans and continental Africans. Her name change marked a deepening commitment to diasporic connection and cultural reclamation.\nAt the University of Michigan, Dr. Sudarkasa continued to break barriers, becoming the first African American faculty member in the Department of Anthropology. From 1978 to 1981, she served as Associate Director of the Center for Afro-American and African Studies, advancing scholarship and institutional support for African diaspora research.","In 1986, she became the first female president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania, a role she held until 1998. Her scholarship increasingly centered on the lives of women in West Africa and the enduring strength of the Black family. Her work in Nigeria earned her recognition from the royal court: in 2001, His Royal Majesty Aláyélúwà Ọba Ọkúnadé Sijuwade Olúbùsẹ II of the Royal Court of Ifẹ́ conferred upon her the chieftaincy title Yèyé Olókun Ìgbàdérò. She was the first African American to receive this honor from the Ifẹ́ Kingdom.","Following her retirement from higher education, Dr. Sudarkasa returned to her hometown of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where she became the first scholar-in-residence at the newly opened African American Research Library and Cultural Center in 2002.\nDr. Sudarkasa was married to John L. Clark and was the mother of Michael Sudarkasa. She passed away on May 31, 2019, at the age of 80, leaving behind a legacy of scholarship, leadership, and cultural stewardship."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNiara Sudarkasa Collection, African American Research Library and Cultural Center Special Collections, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, African American Research Library and Cultural Center Special Collections, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Niara Sudarkasa Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParts of the collection have received file level processing. From January 2022 to May 2024, FIU interns, Emmanuel George, and Dominique St. Victor processed \"Series I. Correspondence\" and \"Series III. Professional Papers, Sub-series 1. Writings by Niara Sudarkasa and Sub-series 2. Writings by Others\" as part of the WPHL-FIU Community Data Curation grant.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection. ","Parts of the collection have received file level processing. From January 2022 to May 2024, FIU interns, Emmanuel George, and Dominique St. Victor processed \"Series I. Correspondence\" and \"Series III. Professional Papers, Sub-series 1. Writings by Niara Sudarkasa and Sub-series 2. Writings by Others\" as part of the WPHL-FIU Community Data Curation grant."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Niara Sudarkasa Collection documents the career of anthropologist, Africanist, professor, and university president Dr. Niara Sudarkasa. The collection contains correspondence, scholarly writings, publications, research files, audio visual materials, awards, and business papers dating from 1934 to 2006. The collection also includes Dr. Sudarka's personal library of more than 2,500 books, journals, and pamphlets. The collection highlights Dr. Sudarkasa's professional achievements including becoming the first woman president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania and first Black faculty member of the Anthropology Department at the University of Michigan. Her papers are a unique resource on Yoruba language and culture, ethnic groups in higher education, and the Black Power Movement in the United States. They also document her work to strengthen international programs at Lincoln and the University of Michigan.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection documents the career of anthropologist, Africanist, professor, and university president Dr. Niara Sudarkasa. The collection contains correspondence, scholarly writings, publications, research files, audio visual materials, awards, and business papers dating from 1934 to 2006. The collection also includes Dr. Sudarka's personal library of more than 2,500 books, journals, and pamphlets. The collection highlights Dr. Sudarkasa's professional achievements including becoming the first woman president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania and first Black faculty member of the Anthropology Department at the University of Michigan. Her papers are a unique resource on Yoruba language and culture, ethnic groups in higher education, and the Black Power Movement in the United States. They also document her work to strengthen international programs at Lincoln and the University of Michigan."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://broward.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/search/results?qu=SUD\u0026amp;qf=LOCATION%09Shelf+Location%091%3AAF-SPC%09AARLCC+Special+Collections\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBooks from this collection were cataloged in the Broward County Library catalog with the prefix \"SUD\".\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Access the Books"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Books from this collection were cataloged in the Broward County Library catalog with the prefix \"SUD\"."],"names_coll_ssim":["University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)"],"names_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections","University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)","Sudarkasa, Niara"],"corpname_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections","University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)"],"persname_ssim":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2760,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","timestamp":"2026-04-21T02:08:51.248Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_50fdbf7c9550e1c530a5987c21a1685a"}},{"id":"37f876ea7c57313e0f035a95_aspace_c8c45100b70c8d78e187b44a4e4d38a8","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Wright, H.G. to Humphreys, General A.A., 1878-12-23","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/37f876ea7c57313e0f035a95_aspace_c8c45100b70c8d78e187b44a4e4d38a8#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_c8c45100b70c8d78e187b44a4e4d38a8","ref_ssm":["aspace_c8c45100b70c8d78e187b44a4e4d38a8","aspace_c8c45100b70c8d78e187b44a4e4d38a8"],"id":"37f876ea7c57313e0f035a95_aspace_c8c45100b70c8d78e187b44a4e4d38a8","title_filing_ssi":"Wright, H.G. to Humphreys, General A.A. ","title_ssm":["Wright, H.G. to Humphreys, General A.A. "],"title_tesim":["Wright, H.G. to Humphreys, General A.A. "],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1878-12-23"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1878-12-23"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wright, H.G. to Humphreys, General A.A., 1878-12-23"],"text":["Wright, H.G. to Humphreys, General A.A., 1878-12-23","War Memories collection, 1917-1999","1836-1999","Folder 8","/repositories/2/archival_objects/177972","box 1","folder 8"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["37f876ea7c57313e0f035a95","37f876ea7c57313e0f035a95_aspace_162390"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["War Memories collection, 1917-1999","1836-1999"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["War Memories collection, 1917-1999","1836-1999"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Box"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 8","/repositories/2/archival_objects/177972"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["War Memories collection, 1917-1999"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":14,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None.  The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"date_range_isim":[1878],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 8"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#7","_nest_parent_":"37f876ea7c57313e0f035a95_aspace_162390","_root_":"37f876ea7c57313e0f035a95","_version_":1870863590205947904,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:35:55.479Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"37f876ea7c57313e0f035a95","title_ssm":["War Memories collection"],"title_tesim":["War Memories collection"],"ead_ssi":"37f876ea7c57313e0f035a95","unitdate_ssm":["1917-1999"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1917-1999"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-1999-06","/repositories/2/resources/74"],"text":["MS-1999-06","/repositories/2/resources/74","War Memories collection, 1917-1999","Personal Narratives","World War, 1914-1918 -- Correspondence","World War, 1939-1945 -- Personal Narratives","Bombings -- Aerial photographs","Spanish-American War, 1898","None.  The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.","This artifical collection includes memoirs from two World War II veterans, Raymond J. Lorenz and Jim McGee. Lorenz served in the Army Air Corps and donated his collection of aerial photographs taken during his bombing runs over Europe, with Lorenz's personal memories providing the commentary and context on those photos. Jim McGee's honest and personal memoir, written at the behest of his family, begins with his early attempt to enlist, his drafting into the Army, and his personal experiences ranging from training to his time at the front, which covered the Allied forces movements from the south of Italy all the way into Germany. The collection also includes miltary records. correspondance, and ephemera from Roy G. Francis, a retired USF Faculty.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Lorenz, Raymond J.","McGee, Jim","Francis, Roy G. (1919-)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-1999-06","/repositories/2/resources/74"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1917-1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["War Memories collection, 1917-1999"],"collection_title_tesim":["War Memories collection, 1917-1999"],"collection_ssim":["War Memories collection, 1917-1999"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Lorenz, Raymond J.","McGee, Jim","Francis, Roy G. (1919-)"],"creator_ssim":["Lorenz, Raymond J.","McGee, Jim","Francis, Roy G. (1919-)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Lorenz, Raymond J.","McGee, Jim","Francis, Roy G. (1919-)"],"creators_ssim":["Lorenz, Raymond J.","McGee, Jim","Francis, Roy G. (1919-)"],"access_terms_ssm":["None.  The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Personal Narratives","World War, 1914-1918 -- Correspondence","World War, 1939-1945 -- Personal Narratives","Bombings -- Aerial photographs","Spanish-American War, 1898"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Personal Narratives","World War, 1914-1918 -- Correspondence","World War, 1939-1945 -- Personal Narratives","Bombings -- Aerial photographs","Spanish-American War, 1898"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.42 Linear Feet","1 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.42 Linear Feet","1 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0; The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None.  The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_357ac59fdd63510059400599a4a12ef8\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis artifical collection includes memoirs from two World War II veterans, Raymond J. Lorenz and Jim McGee. Lorenz served in the Army Air Corps and donated his collection of aerial photographs taken during his bombing runs over Europe, with Lorenz's personal memories providing the commentary and context on those photos. Jim McGee's honest and personal memoir, written at the behest of his family, begins with his early attempt to enlist, his drafting into the Army, and his personal experiences ranging from training to his time at the front, which covered the Allied forces movements from the south of Italy all the way into Germany. The collection also includes miltary records. correspondance, and ephemera from Roy G. Francis, a retired USF Faculty.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This artifical collection includes memoirs from two World War II veterans, Raymond J. Lorenz and Jim McGee. Lorenz served in the Army Air Corps and donated his collection of aerial photographs taken during his bombing runs over Europe, with Lorenz's personal memories providing the commentary and context on those photos. Jim McGee's honest and personal memoir, written at the behest of his family, begins with his early attempt to enlist, his drafting into the Army, and his personal experiences ranging from training to his time at the front, which covered the Allied forces movements from the south of Italy all the way into Germany. The collection also includes miltary records. correspondance, and ephemera from Roy G. Francis, a retired USF Faculty."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Lorenz, Raymond J.","McGee, Jim","Francis, Roy G. (1919-)"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Lorenz, Raymond J.","McGee, Jim","Francis, Roy G. (1919-)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":53,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870863590205947904,"_root_":"37f876ea7c57313e0f035a95","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:35:55.479Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/37f876ea7c57313e0f035a95_aspace_c8c45100b70c8d78e187b44a4e4d38a8"}},{"id":"4b1b011e59287a46abc92172_aspace_141675","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Wright, James 1971","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4b1b011e59287a46abc92172_aspace_141675#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_141675","ref_ssm":["aspace_141675","aspace_141675"],"id":"4b1b011e59287a46abc92172_aspace_141675","title_filing_ssi":"Wright, James 1971","title_ssm":["Wright, James 1971"],"title_tesim":["Wright, James 1971"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wright, James 1971"],"text":["Wright, James 1971","Claude Pepper Papers, 1900-1989","U.S. House","U.S. House - Case Files","Folder 53","/repositories/10/archival_objects/108148","307 - Box 151","folder 53"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["4b1b011e59287a46abc92172","4b1b011e59287a46abc92172_aspace_90d5fc28931abbf58f09941a28fa2e3b","4b1b011e59287a46abc92172_aspace_59054"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Claude Pepper Papers, 1900-1989","U.S. House","U.S. House - Case Files"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Claude Pepper Papers, 1900-1989","U.S. House","U.S. House - Case Files"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Record Group","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 53","/repositories/10/archival_objects/108148"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Claude Pepper Papers, 1900-1989"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":23458,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Users may access this collection at the Claude Pepper Library."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"containers_ssim":["307 - Box 151","folder 53"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#21/components#6991","_nest_parent_":"4b1b011e59287a46abc92172_aspace_59054","_root_":"4b1b011e59287a46abc92172","_version_":1870947473700159488,"timestamp":"2026-07-17T07:49:12.052Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"4b1b011e59287a46abc92172","title_ssm":["Claude Pepper Papers"],"title_tesim":["Claude Pepper Papers"],"ead_ssi":"4b1b011e59287a46abc92172","unitdate_ssm":["1900-1989"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1900-1989"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 1979-01","/repositories/10/resources/640"],"text":["MSS 1979-01","/repositories/10/resources/640","Claude Pepper Papers, 1900-1989","Florida--Politics and government","Florida--History","United States. Congress. House","United States--Politics and government--1933-1945","United States--Politics and government--1945-1953","United States--Politics and government--1953-1961","Collection is open to all researchers. Users may access this collection at the Claude Pepper Library.","During the processing of this collection, the original order of the files, as reflected in the filing series in his Washington, D.C. and Miami, Florida offices, were preserved as closely as possible. The order of files within most series generally follows an alphabetical sequence by subject and/or folder. Many campaign materials and official itineraries are arranged chronologically. Within a file folder, the material was retained in its original state (usually reverse chronological order) as much as possible, unless the arrangement presented access problems to researchers. Two or more file folders with the same title were usually arranged in chronological order.","As is typical of Congressional collections, material related to any one topic may be found in several places according to the use of the information, the creator of the folders, the history of department name changes, or the filing practices of different office staff members. For example, information about Social Security may be found in the following areas:","Record Group 300 - U.S. House of Representatives:","~Series 301 Correspondence ~Subseries 302A Aging Committee ~Subseries 302H National Committee on Social Security Reform ~Subseries 303A Congressional Speeches ~Subseries 303B Speeches (Other Groups) ~Series 305 News Clippings","To insure the preservation of the materials and their accessibility to researchers, photographs, negatives, memorabilia, and recordings were removed from the papers and transferred to their appropriate series. Separation sheets were placed in all folders from which these items were removed as well as in folders to which the items were transferred.","Claude Pepper was a devoted public servant who served over 40 years in public office first as a Member of the Florida House of Representatives (1929-1930), then as a U.S. Senator (1936-1950), and then as a Member of the U.S. House of Representatives (1962-1989). Early in his career, Pepper was a progressive minded liberal who sponsored legislation to promote equal rights, civil rights, workers' rights and the Lend-Lease Act. During and after World War II, Pepper became a driving force for the establishment of the National Institutes of Health, a system of government-sponsored medical research facilities.\n Much later in his life and career, he gained international fame as an advocate of older persons rights, health care, and for strengthening and protecting Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid, and other government sponsored programs on behalf of millions of Americans.\n Prior to his death, Pepper donated the bulk of his vast collection of official and personal papers to the Florida State University. It was his express wish that his collection is made available to researchers and scholars.","The Mildred and Claude Pepper Collection was donated by Congressman Claude Pepper to the Florida State University Libraries in 1979. Subsequent donations were made during the 1980s, and additional materials were acquired following his death in 1989. Initially, the Pepper Collection was housed at Dodd Hall on the Florida State University campus but was relocated in 1998 to a new state-of-the-art archival space located on the first floor of the Claude Pepper Center Building.","Peter A. Corning, Social Security Project, Reminiscences of Claude Denson Pepper : Oral History, 1967. Oral History Research Office, Columbia University.","Claude Pepper, Scrapbooks. Department of Special Collections, University of Florida Libraries.","Roosevelt, Franklin D., President's alphabetical file, 1933-1945. Franklin D. Roosevelt Library.","Patricia Sullivan, Progressive Party Oral History Interviews. Special Collections Department, Robert W. Woodruff Library, Emory University. (Includes oral history interview with Claude Pepper)","Containing over two million pages, the Claude Pepper Papers includes his official correspondence, speeches, legislative, committee, and campaign files. In addition, there are files of his personal correspondence, speeches, photographs, recordings, and memorabilia. Also included are the personal papers, photographs, recordings, and memorabilia of his wife, Mildred Irene Webster Pepper. Mrs. Pepper always took a deep interest in public affairs and in helping her husband in his political career. She vigorously supported medical research, urban beautification, conservation, and actively participated in charitable and humanitarian organizations. There are also personal papers of the Pepper/Webster family, largely consisting of correspondence from parents, brothers, sisters, and other family members.","These materials document the political and personal life of one of the most politically active individuals throughout most of this century, and in terms of size, content, and national significance, they have been compared to prestigious presidential collections, including the Papers of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. In addition to its value to historical research, these materials will enable current policy makers to build upon Claude Pepper's achievements as they continue to focus on his unfinished work. Because of his legacy, it is vital that the Claude Pepper Collection should always be accessible and preserved for future generations of scholars and researchers. Personal letters from Winston Churchill, Franklin D. and Eleanor Roosevelt, Harry S. Truman, and John F. Kennedy are among the treasures to be found here. The photographs include many individuals of historical significance, such as Pope Paul VI, Albert Einstein, and Martin Luther King, Jr. There are also recordings of such political notables as Lyndon Johnson, Tip O'Neill, and Hubert Humphrey. The Pepper Collection not only documents the career of one of the most politically active individuals of this century, it reflects the changes that have taken place in every area of American life. It contains a wealth of material on a variety of topics. Research using the Pepper Collection has focused on topics as diverse as the World War II \"Mother's Movement,\" American Indian land claims, national health care, Social Security, the Vietnamese conflict, and organized labor. Currently, the collection is being digitized to provide researchers with the opportunity to study his collection from anywhere around the world.","Select materials from the Claude Pepper Papers have been digitized and are available through the  FSU Digital Library .","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","Claude Pepper Library","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Congress. Senate","Pepper, Claude D.","Pepper, Claude, 1900-1989","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 1979-01","/repositories/10/resources/640"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1900-1989"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Claude Pepper Papers, 1900-1989"],"collection_title_tesim":["Claude Pepper Papers, 1900-1989"],"collection_ssim":["Claude Pepper Papers, 1900-1989"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Pepper, Claude D."],"creator_ssim":["Pepper, Claude D."],"creator_famname_ssim":["Pepper, Claude D."],"creators_ssim":["Pepper, Claude D."],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Claude and Mildred Pepper"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Florida--Politics and government","Florida--History","United States. Congress. House","United States--Politics and government--1933-1945","United States--Politics and government--1945-1953","United States--Politics and government--1953-1961"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Florida--Politics and government","Florida--History","United States. Congress. House","United States--Politics and government--1933-1945","United States--Politics and government--1945-1953","United States--Politics and government--1953-1961"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1200.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1200.00 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Users may access this collection at the Claude Pepper Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Users may access this collection at the Claude Pepper Library."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDuring the processing of this collection, the original order of the files, as reflected in the filing series in his Washington, D.C. and Miami, Florida offices, were preserved as closely as possible. The order of files within most series generally follows an alphabetical sequence by subject and/or folder. Many campaign materials and official itineraries are arranged chronologically. Within a file folder, the material was retained in its original state (usually reverse chronological order) as much as possible, unless the arrangement presented access problems to researchers. Two or more file folders with the same title were usually arranged in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs is typical of Congressional collections, material related to any one topic may be found in several places according to the use of the information, the creator of the folders, the history of department name changes, or the filing practices of different office staff members. For example, information about Social Security may be found in the following areas:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRecord Group 300 - U.S. House of Representatives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e~Series 301 Correspondence ~Subseries 302A Aging Committee ~Subseries 302H National Committee on Social Security Reform ~Subseries 303A Congressional Speeches ~Subseries 303B Speeches (Other Groups) ~Series 305 News Clippings\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTo insure the preservation of the materials and their accessibility to researchers, photographs, negatives, memorabilia, and recordings were removed from the papers and transferred to their appropriate series. Separation sheets were placed in all folders from which these items were removed as well as in folders to which the items were transferred.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["During the processing of this collection, the original order of the files, as reflected in the filing series in his Washington, D.C. and Miami, Florida offices, were preserved as closely as possible. The order of files within most series generally follows an alphabetical sequence by subject and/or folder. Many campaign materials and official itineraries are arranged chronologically. Within a file folder, the material was retained in its original state (usually reverse chronological order) as much as possible, unless the arrangement presented access problems to researchers. Two or more file folders with the same title were usually arranged in chronological order.","As is typical of Congressional collections, material related to any one topic may be found in several places according to the use of the information, the creator of the folders, the history of department name changes, or the filing practices of different office staff members. For example, information about Social Security may be found in the following areas:","Record Group 300 - U.S. House of Representatives:","~Series 301 Correspondence ~Subseries 302A Aging Committee ~Subseries 302H National Committee on Social Security Reform ~Subseries 303A Congressional Speeches ~Subseries 303B Speeches (Other Groups) ~Series 305 News Clippings","To insure the preservation of the materials and their accessibility to researchers, photographs, negatives, memorabilia, and recordings were removed from the papers and transferred to their appropriate series. Separation sheets were placed in all folders from which these items were removed as well as in folders to which the items were transferred."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eClaude Pepper was a devoted public servant who served over 40 years in public office first as a Member of the Florida House of Representatives (1929-1930), then as a U.S. Senator (1936-1950), and then as a Member of the U.S. House of Representatives (1962-1989). Early in his career, Pepper was a progressive minded liberal who sponsored legislation to promote equal rights, civil rights, workers' rights and the Lend-Lease Act. During and after World War II, Pepper became a driving force for the establishment of the National Institutes of Health, a system of government-sponsored medical research facilities.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMuch later in his life and career, he gained international fame as an advocate of older persons rights, health care, and for strengthening and protecting Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid, and other government sponsored programs on behalf of millions of Americans.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePrior to his death, Pepper donated the bulk of his vast collection of official and personal papers to the Florida State University. It was his express wish that his collection is made available to researchers and scholars.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Claude Pepper was a devoted public servant who served over 40 years in public office first as a Member of the Florida House of Representatives (1929-1930), then as a U.S. Senator (1936-1950), and then as a Member of the U.S. House of Representatives (1962-1989). Early in his career, Pepper was a progressive minded liberal who sponsored legislation to promote equal rights, civil rights, workers' rights and the Lend-Lease Act. During and after World War II, Pepper became a driving force for the establishment of the National Institutes of Health, a system of government-sponsored medical research facilities.\n Much later in his life and career, he gained international fame as an advocate of older persons rights, health care, and for strengthening and protecting Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid, and other government sponsored programs on behalf of millions of Americans.\n Prior to his death, Pepper donated the bulk of his vast collection of official and personal papers to the Florida State University. It was his express wish that his collection is made available to researchers and scholars."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Mildred and Claude Pepper Collection was donated by Congressman Claude Pepper to the Florida State University Libraries in 1979. Subsequent donations were made during the 1980s, and additional materials were acquired following his death in 1989. Initially, the Pepper Collection was housed at Dodd Hall on the Florida State University campus but was relocated in 1998 to a new state-of-the-art archival space located on the first floor of the Claude Pepper Center Building.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The Mildred and Claude Pepper Collection was donated by Congressman Claude Pepper to the Florida State University Libraries in 1979. Subsequent donations were made during the 1980s, and additional materials were acquired following his death in 1989. Initially, the Pepper Collection was housed at Dodd Hall on the Florida State University campus but was relocated in 1998 to a new state-of-the-art archival space located on the first floor of the Claude Pepper Center Building."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], Claude Pepper Papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/MSS_1979-01\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/MSS_1979-01\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], Claude Pepper Papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/MSS_1979-01 ."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePeter A. Corning, Social Security Project, Reminiscences of Claude Denson Pepper : Oral History, 1967. Oral History Research Office, Columbia University.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClaude Pepper, Scrapbooks. Department of Special Collections, University of Florida Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRoosevelt, Franklin D., President's alphabetical file, 1933-1945. Franklin D. Roosevelt Library.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePatricia Sullivan, Progressive Party Oral History Interviews. Special Collections Department, Robert W. Woodruff Library, Emory University. (Includes oral history interview with Claude Pepper)\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Peter A. Corning, Social Security Project, Reminiscences of Claude Denson Pepper : Oral History, 1967. Oral History Research Office, Columbia University.","Claude Pepper, Scrapbooks. Department of Special Collections, University of Florida Libraries.","Roosevelt, Franklin D., President's alphabetical file, 1933-1945. Franklin D. Roosevelt Library.","Patricia Sullivan, Progressive Party Oral History Interviews. Special Collections Department, Robert W. Woodruff Library, Emory University. (Includes oral history interview with Claude Pepper)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContaining over two million pages, the Claude Pepper Papers includes his official correspondence, speeches, legislative, committee, and campaign files. In addition, there are files of his personal correspondence, speeches, photographs, recordings, and memorabilia. Also included are the personal papers, photographs, recordings, and memorabilia of his wife, Mildred Irene Webster Pepper. Mrs. Pepper always took a deep interest in public affairs and in helping her husband in his political career. She vigorously supported medical research, urban beautification, conservation, and actively participated in charitable and humanitarian organizations. There are also personal papers of the Pepper/Webster family, largely consisting of correspondence from parents, brothers, sisters, and other family members.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese materials document the political and personal life of one of the most politically active individuals throughout most of this century, and in terms of size, content, and national significance, they have been compared to prestigious presidential collections, including the Papers of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. In addition to its value to historical research, these materials will enable current policy makers to build upon Claude Pepper's achievements as they continue to focus on his unfinished work. Because of his legacy, it is vital that the Claude Pepper Collection should always be accessible and preserved for future generations of scholars and researchers. Personal letters from Winston Churchill, Franklin D. and Eleanor Roosevelt, Harry S. Truman, and John F. Kennedy are among the treasures to be found here. The photographs include many individuals of historical significance, such as Pope Paul VI, Albert Einstein, and Martin Luther King, Jr. There are also recordings of such political notables as Lyndon Johnson, Tip O'Neill, and Hubert Humphrey. The Pepper Collection not only documents the career of one of the most politically active individuals of this century, it reflects the changes that have taken place in every area of American life. It contains a wealth of material on a variety of topics. Research using the Pepper Collection has focused on topics as diverse as the World War II \"Mother's Movement,\" American Indian land claims, national health care, Social Security, the Vietnamese conflict, and organized labor. Currently, the collection is being digitized to provide researchers with the opportunity to study his collection from anywhere around the world.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSelect materials from the Claude Pepper Papers have been digitized and are available through the \u003cextref href=\"http://diginole.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu%3Aclaudepeppermaincollection\"\u003eFSU Digital Library\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Online Copies Available"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Containing over two million pages, the Claude Pepper Papers includes his official correspondence, speeches, legislative, committee, and campaign files. In addition, there are files of his personal correspondence, speeches, photographs, recordings, and memorabilia. Also included are the personal papers, photographs, recordings, and memorabilia of his wife, Mildred Irene Webster Pepper. Mrs. Pepper always took a deep interest in public affairs and in helping her husband in his political career. She vigorously supported medical research, urban beautification, conservation, and actively participated in charitable and humanitarian organizations. There are also personal papers of the Pepper/Webster family, largely consisting of correspondence from parents, brothers, sisters, and other family members.","These materials document the political and personal life of one of the most politically active individuals throughout most of this century, and in terms of size, content, and national significance, they have been compared to prestigious presidential collections, including the Papers of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. In addition to its value to historical research, these materials will enable current policy makers to build upon Claude Pepper's achievements as they continue to focus on his unfinished work. Because of his legacy, it is vital that the Claude Pepper Collection should always be accessible and preserved for future generations of scholars and researchers. Personal letters from Winston Churchill, Franklin D. and Eleanor Roosevelt, Harry S. Truman, and John F. Kennedy are among the treasures to be found here. The photographs include many individuals of historical significance, such as Pope Paul VI, Albert Einstein, and Martin Luther King, Jr. There are also recordings of such political notables as Lyndon Johnson, Tip O'Neill, and Hubert Humphrey. The Pepper Collection not only documents the career of one of the most politically active individuals of this century, it reflects the changes that have taken place in every area of American life. It contains a wealth of material on a variety of topics. Research using the Pepper Collection has focused on topics as diverse as the World War II \"Mother's Movement,\" American Indian land claims, national health care, Social Security, the Vietnamese conflict, and organized labor. Currently, the collection is being digitized to provide researchers with the opportunity to study his collection from anywhere around the world.","Select materials from the Claude Pepper Papers have been digitized and are available through the  FSU Digital Library ."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_59cdc344ccbf964b456e94c25aa79f8c\"\u003eClaude Pepper Library\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Claude Pepper Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Congress. Senate","Pepper, Claude, 1900-1989"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Congress. Senate","Pepper, Claude D.","Pepper, Claude, 1900-1989"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Congress. Senate"],"famname_ssim":["Pepper, Claude D."],"persname_ssim":["Pepper, Claude, 1900-1989"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":38465,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870947473700159488,"_root_":"4b1b011e59287a46abc92172","timestamp":"2026-07-17T07:49:12.052Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4b1b011e59287a46abc92172_aspace_141675"}},{"id":"51e6a0372ce65eab63f32531_aspace_223753","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Wright, James Leitch Jr. (J. 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","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.","This collection was orginally created as a vertical file collection covering the state of Florida. It is arranged in 2 series: 1. Biographies and 2. General Subjects. The series are arranged alphabetically by personal name, subject, and location.","Container list created by Taylor Fisk Henning and April Martin in August 2018.","For content specific to Florida State University history, see also: FSU Vertical Files Collection, Heritage  \u0026 University Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  https://archives.lib.fsu.edu/repositories/10/resources/1027","Materials collected by Florida State University Libraries, documenting people, places, and other subjects related to the state of Florida, including publications, newsclippings, and ephemera.","Select materials from this collection have been digitized and are available through the  FSU Digital Library .","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Florida State University Libraries","American Association of University Women","American Association of University Professors","Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 2018-003","/repositories/10/resources/243"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1806-2009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["FSU Libraries Florida Reference File, 1806-2009"],"collection_title_tesim":["FSU Libraries Florida Reference File, 1806-2009"],"collection_ssim":["FSU Libraries Florida Reference File, 1806-2009"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Florida State University Libraries"],"creator_ssim":["Florida State University Libraries"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Florida State University Libraries"],"creators_ssim":["Florida State University Libraries"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["113.50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["113.50 Linear Feet"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was orginally created as a vertical file collection covering the state of Florida. It is arranged in 2 series: 1. Biographies and 2. General Subjects. The series are arranged alphabetically by personal name, subject, and location.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection was orginally created as a vertical file collection covering the state of Florida. It is arranged in 2 series: 1. Biographies and 2. General Subjects. The series are arranged alphabetically by personal name, subject, and location."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Item description], FSU Libraries Florida Reference File, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/MSS_2018-003\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/MSS_2018-003\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Item description], FSU Libraries Florida Reference File, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/MSS_2018-003"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContainer list created by Taylor Fisk Henning and April Martin in August 2018.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Container list created by Taylor Fisk Henning and April Martin in August 2018."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFor content specific to Florida State University history, see also: FSU Vertical Files Collection, Heritage  \u0026amp; University Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"https://archives.lib.fsu.edu/repositories/10/resources/1027\"\u003ehttps://archives.lib.fsu.edu/repositories/10/resources/1027\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["For content specific to Florida State University history, see also: FSU Vertical Files Collection, Heritage  \u0026 University Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  https://archives.lib.fsu.edu/repositories/10/resources/1027"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials collected by Florida State University Libraries, documenting people, places, and other subjects related to the state of Florida, including publications, newsclippings, and ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSelect materials from this collection have been digitized and are available through the \u003cextref href=\"https://diginole.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:fhhflverticalfiles\"\u003eFSU Digital Library\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Online Copies Available"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Materials collected by Florida State University Libraries, documenting people, places, and other subjects related to the state of Florida, including publications, newsclippings, and ephemera.","Select materials from this collection have been digitized and are available through the  FSU Digital Library ."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. 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Shoney's, Inc. Papers, 1959-1997, bulk 1990-1994","Witness Materials, 1977-1993, undated","Witness Files, 1977-1993","Folder 12","/repositories/10/archival_objects/121545","box 113-161","box 160","folder 12"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["b7ddc964c6f13a7e308f2280","b7ddc964c6f13a7e308f2280_aspace_126325","b7ddc964c6f13a7e308f2280_aspace_126341"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Haynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers, 1959-1997, bulk 1990-1994","Witness Materials, 1977-1993, undated","Witness Files, 1977-1993"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Haynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers, 1959-1997, bulk 1990-1994","Witness Materials, 1977-1993, undated","Witness Files, 1977-1993"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 12","/repositories/10/archival_objects/121545"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Haynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers, 1959-1997, bulk 1990-1994"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":2206,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to all researchers. However, since many records contain personal information, such as Social Security numbers, researchers are requested to contact the Special Collections Department in advance of their visit so that staff may review these materials. The Applicant Claim Forms and Notice of Approval of Current or Former Employee Claims Series, because of the confidential nature of these materials, are closed until 2063. Users may access this collection at the Claude Pepper Library. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"containers_ssim":["box 113-161","box 160","folder 12"],"_nest_path_":"/components#10/components#11/components#933","_nest_parent_":"b7ddc964c6f13a7e308f2280_aspace_126341","_root_":"b7ddc964c6f13a7e308f2280","timestamp":"2026-07-09T10:15:54.221Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"b7ddc964c6f13a7e308f2280","title_ssm":["Haynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers"],"title_tesim":["Haynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers"],"ead_ssi":"b7ddc964c6f13a7e308f2280","unitdate_ssm":["1959-1997","1990-1994"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1990-1994"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1959-1997"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 2004-001","/repositories/10/resources/728"],"text":["MSS 2004-001","/repositories/10/resources/728","Haynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers, 1959-1997, bulk 1990-1994","Discrimination in employment--United States--Case studies","Discrimination in restaurants--United States--Case studies","Race discrimination--United States","Shoney's Inc.--Personnel management","Interviews.","African Americans--Employment","Clippings (Books, newspapers, etc.)","Correspondence","Legal documents.","Notebooks.","Reports","Sound recordings.","Videocassettes.","This collection is open to all researchers. However, since many records contain personal information, such as Social Security numbers, researchers are requested to contact the Special Collections Department in advance of their visit so that staff may review these materials. The Applicant Claim Forms and Notice of Approval of Current or Former Employee Claims Series, because of the confidential nature of these materials, are closed until 2063. Users may access this collection at the Claude Pepper Library. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.","On April 4, 1989, Tallahassee (FL) attorney Tommy Warren and nine named plaintiffs, all former Shoneys and Captain Ds employees or job applicants, served Shoneys CEO, Ray Danner, and Shoneys, Inc. with a class-action suit alleging racial discrimination. The plaintiffs, represented by Warren and his co-counsel, civil rights attorney Barry Goldstein, sought more than half a billion dollars in back pay and punitive damages, in addition to a court-ordered affirmative action plan, to counteract claims of years of racially discriminatory company policy. Witnesses, such as Josephine Haynes, included tens of thousands of workers, former workers, and frustrated job applicants, who said they lost jobs, were denied jobs, or were not given opportunities at Shoneys for even the lowest-paying jobs because they were African-Americans. Other witnesses included lower level white managers, who testified that they were fired because they wouldnt follow company orders to reduce the number of African-Americans. Many said they were instructed to carry out a corporate strategy that was directed by the Companys founder and CEO, Ray Danner, not found in any Shoneys procedure manuals. During the course of the litigation, which lasted from 1989-1993, many allegations were made under oath, and entered into the court record that race discrimination at Shoneys was standard operating procedure and had existed during the entire time Ray Danner ran the company. Danner continually denied these allegations throughout the case.\nBy the time the case concluded in 1993, the total cost of the Shoneys settlement was $132.5 million, which was the plaintiffs final compromise figure and the largest ever in a racial discrimination case. In addition, Ray Danner personally contributed approximately $65 million to the settlement. This payment by an individual defendant was unprecedented in U.S. race discrimination cases. According to Steve Watkins The Black O, a book that documents the entire case, 28, 994 claims were submitted in the settlement. At Warren and Goldsteins insistence, that number was expanded beyond the scope of the class of discriminated individuals to include all of Shoneys divisions, except for the franchise stores, for the period from 1985 through November 3, 1992. Based on a complex formula approved by Judge Roger Vinson to determine the validity of those claims and the amount due each legitimate claimant, 20,909 people ultimately received money from the $105 million settlement pool. The plaintiffs attorneys spent nearly $2 million to notify these claimants about the settlement, an effort that the judge said was unmatched by any he had ever seen in a class-action case. Approximately $5 million from the settlement pool was designated for a special class of claimants, those who had been witnesses and named plaintiffs in the case. $10 million was earmarked for African-American former job applicants, and the bulk of the settlement, $90 million, went to incumbent African-American employees. Money left over when the settlement was completed, and after Shoneys final payment in 1998, was divided among five organizations: the United Negro College Fund, the Southern Poverty Law Center, the Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, the Washington Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, and Inroads, a group that works to increase management opportunities for minorities.\nIn the aftermath of the case, Shoneys complied with the affirmative action plan and significantly increased its hiring of restaurant managers, dining room supervisors, and servers of color. In 1995, the company brought in a new management team which greatly improved its position financially, and in hiring, promotion, and business opportunities for minoritized communities.\nNote written by","Partially funded by a National Publications and Records Commission grant, the collection was processed by Chad Underwood from March 2005 to October 2006.","The Haynes v. 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Among the materials included are all court pleadings and filings in the case, affidavits and declarations, challenges, consent decrees, correspondence, depositions, discovery documents, expert witness files, interrogatories, investigative files, newspaper and magazine articles, notebooks, orders, policies, press releases, questionnaires, reports, research materials, right-to-sue requests, settlement documents, shopper reports, surveys, visitation reports, and the deposition transcripts of over 150 witnesses, who document the history of the alleged discrimination of Shoneys, Inc and Ray Danner.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","Claude Pepper Library.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Thomas A. Warren Law Offices (Tallahassee, Fla.)","Danner, Raymond L.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 2004-001","/repositories/10/resources/728"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1959-1997, bulk 1990-1994"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Haynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers, 1959-1997, bulk 1990-1994"],"collection_title_tesim":["Haynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers, 1959-1997, bulk 1990-1994"],"collection_ssim":["Haynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers, 1959-1997, bulk 1990-1994"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Thomas A. 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Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was given by Thomas Warren, attorney, in 2003."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Discrimination in employment--United States--Case studies","Discrimination in restaurants--United States--Case studies","Race discrimination--United States","Shoney's Inc.--Personnel management","Interviews.","African Americans--Employment","Clippings (Books, newspapers, etc.)","Correspondence","Legal documents.","Notebooks.","Reports","Sound recordings.","Videocassettes."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Discrimination in employment--United States--Case studies","Discrimination in restaurants--United States--Case studies","Race discrimination--United States","Shoney's Inc.--Personnel management","Interviews.","African Americans--Employment","Clippings (Books, newspapers, etc.)","Correspondence","Legal documents.","Notebooks.","Reports","Sound recordings.","Videocassettes."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1,040 boxes","415.60 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1,040 boxes","415.60 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Clippings (Books, newspapers, etc.)","Correspondence","Legal documents.","Notebooks.","Reports","Sound recordings.","Videocassettes."],"date_range_isim":[1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers. However, since many records contain personal information, such as Social Security numbers, researchers are requested to contact the Special Collections Department in advance of their visit so that staff may review these materials. The Applicant Claim Forms and Notice of Approval of Current or Former Employee Claims Series, because of the confidential nature of these materials, are closed until 2063. Users may access this collection at the Claude Pepper Library. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers. However, since many records contain personal information, such as Social Security numbers, researchers are requested to contact the Special Collections Department in advance of their visit so that staff may review these materials. The Applicant Claim Forms and Notice of Approval of Current or Former Employee Claims Series, because of the confidential nature of these materials, are closed until 2063. Users may access this collection at the Claude Pepper Library. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOn April 4, 1989, Tallahassee (FL) attorney Tommy Warren and nine named plaintiffs, all former Shoneys and Captain Ds employees or job applicants, served Shoneys CEO, Ray Danner, and Shoneys, Inc. with a class-action suit alleging racial discrimination. The plaintiffs, represented by Warren and his co-counsel, civil rights attorney Barry Goldstein, sought more than half a billion dollars in back pay and punitive damages, in addition to a court-ordered affirmative action plan, to counteract claims of years of racially discriminatory company policy. Witnesses, such as Josephine Haynes, included tens of thousands of workers, former workers, and frustrated job applicants, who said they lost jobs, were denied jobs, or were not given opportunities at Shoneys for even the lowest-paying jobs because they were African-Americans. Other witnesses included lower level white managers, who testified that they were fired because they wouldnt follow company orders to reduce the number of African-Americans. Many said they were instructed to carry out a corporate strategy that was directed by the Companys founder and CEO, Ray Danner, not found in any Shoneys procedure manuals. During the course of the litigation, which lasted from 1989-1993, many allegations were made under oath, and entered into the court record that race discrimination at Shoneys was standard operating procedure and had existed during the entire time Ray Danner ran the company. Danner continually denied these allegations throughout the case.\nBy the time the case concluded in 1993, the total cost of the Shoneys settlement was $132.5 million, which was the plaintiffs final compromise figure and the largest ever in a racial discrimination case. In addition, Ray Danner personally contributed approximately $65 million to the settlement. This payment by an individual defendant was unprecedented in U.S. race discrimination cases. According to Steve Watkins The Black O, a book that documents the entire case, 28, 994 claims were submitted in the settlement. At Warren and Goldsteins insistence, that number was expanded beyond the scope of the class of discriminated individuals to include all of Shoneys divisions, except for the franchise stores, for the period from 1985 through November 3, 1992. Based on a complex formula approved by Judge Roger Vinson to determine the validity of those claims and the amount due each legitimate claimant, 20,909 people ultimately received money from the $105 million settlement pool. The plaintiffs attorneys spent nearly $2 million to notify these claimants about the settlement, an effort that the judge said was unmatched by any he had ever seen in a class-action case. Approximately $5 million from the settlement pool was designated for a special class of claimants, those who had been witnesses and named plaintiffs in the case. $10 million was earmarked for African-American former job applicants, and the bulk of the settlement, $90 million, went to incumbent African-American employees. Money left over when the settlement was completed, and after Shoneys final payment in 1998, was divided among five organizations: the United Negro College Fund, the Southern Poverty Law Center, the Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, the Washington Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, and Inroads, a group that works to increase management opportunities for minorities.\nIn the aftermath of the case, Shoneys complied with the affirmative action plan and significantly increased its hiring of restaurant managers, dining room supervisors, and servers of color. In 1995, the company brought in a new management team which greatly improved its position financially, and in hiring, promotion, and business opportunities for minoritized communities.\nNote written by\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["On April 4, 1989, Tallahassee (FL) attorney Tommy Warren and nine named plaintiffs, all former Shoneys and Captain Ds employees or job applicants, served Shoneys CEO, Ray Danner, and Shoneys, Inc. with a class-action suit alleging racial discrimination. The plaintiffs, represented by Warren and his co-counsel, civil rights attorney Barry Goldstein, sought more than half a billion dollars in back pay and punitive damages, in addition to a court-ordered affirmative action plan, to counteract claims of years of racially discriminatory company policy. Witnesses, such as Josephine Haynes, included tens of thousands of workers, former workers, and frustrated job applicants, who said they lost jobs, were denied jobs, or were not given opportunities at Shoneys for even the lowest-paying jobs because they were African-Americans. Other witnesses included lower level white managers, who testified that they were fired because they wouldnt follow company orders to reduce the number of African-Americans. Many said they were instructed to carry out a corporate strategy that was directed by the Companys founder and CEO, Ray Danner, not found in any Shoneys procedure manuals. During the course of the litigation, which lasted from 1989-1993, many allegations were made under oath, and entered into the court record that race discrimination at Shoneys was standard operating procedure and had existed during the entire time Ray Danner ran the company. Danner continually denied these allegations throughout the case.\nBy the time the case concluded in 1993, the total cost of the Shoneys settlement was $132.5 million, which was the plaintiffs final compromise figure and the largest ever in a racial discrimination case. In addition, Ray Danner personally contributed approximately $65 million to the settlement. This payment by an individual defendant was unprecedented in U.S. race discrimination cases. According to Steve Watkins The Black O, a book that documents the entire case, 28, 994 claims were submitted in the settlement. At Warren and Goldsteins insistence, that number was expanded beyond the scope of the class of discriminated individuals to include all of Shoneys divisions, except for the franchise stores, for the period from 1985 through November 3, 1992. Based on a complex formula approved by Judge Roger Vinson to determine the validity of those claims and the amount due each legitimate claimant, 20,909 people ultimately received money from the $105 million settlement pool. The plaintiffs attorneys spent nearly $2 million to notify these claimants about the settlement, an effort that the judge said was unmatched by any he had ever seen in a class-action case. Approximately $5 million from the settlement pool was designated for a special class of claimants, those who had been witnesses and named plaintiffs in the case. $10 million was earmarked for African-American former job applicants, and the bulk of the settlement, $90 million, went to incumbent African-American employees. Money left over when the settlement was completed, and after Shoneys final payment in 1998, was divided among five organizations: the United Negro College Fund, the Southern Poverty Law Center, the Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, the Washington Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, and Inroads, a group that works to increase management opportunities for minorities.\nIn the aftermath of the case, Shoneys complied with the affirmative action plan and significantly increased its hiring of restaurant managers, dining room supervisors, and servers of color. In 1995, the company brought in a new management team which greatly improved its position financially, and in hiring, promotion, and business opportunities for minoritized communities.\nNote written by"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHaynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-2004-001\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Haynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-2004-001"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePartially funded by a National Publications and Records Commission grant, the collection was processed by Chad Underwood from March 2005 to October 2006.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Partially funded by a National Publications and Records Commission grant, the collection was processed by Chad Underwood from March 2005 to October 2006."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Haynes v. Shoneys Papers documents the largest racial discrimination class-action suit against a private employer in the history of civil rights law. The collection has significant historical and research value for American legal history and civil rights scholars. Some topics include the admissibility of prior discrimination as evidence, adverse witnesses, affirmative action, allegations of recent discrimination, class certification, defendants contacts with plaintiffs' witnesses and clients, deceased claimants notes, destruction of evidence, jury selection, Raymond Danner's claim to fight race discrimination, and the Southern Christian Leadership Conferences covenant with Shoneys, in which the corporation promised that it would do business with minority-owned firms and target management jobs and franchise ownership opportunities for African-Americans. Among the materials included are all court pleadings and filings in the case, affidavits and declarations, challenges, consent decrees, correspondence, depositions, discovery documents, expert witness files, interrogatories, investigative files, newspaper and magazine articles, notebooks, orders, policies, press releases, questionnaires, reports, research materials, right-to-sue requests, settlement documents, shopper reports, surveys, visitation reports, and the deposition transcripts of over 150 witnesses, who document the history of the alleged discrimination of Shoneys, Inc and Ray Danner.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Haynes v. Shoneys Papers documents the largest racial discrimination class-action suit against a private employer in the history of civil rights law. The collection has significant historical and research value for American legal history and civil rights scholars. Some topics include the admissibility of prior discrimination as evidence, adverse witnesses, affirmative action, allegations of recent discrimination, class certification, defendants contacts with plaintiffs' witnesses and clients, deceased claimants notes, destruction of evidence, jury selection, Raymond Danner's claim to fight race discrimination, and the Southern Christian Leadership Conferences covenant with Shoneys, in which the corporation promised that it would do business with minority-owned firms and target management jobs and franchise ownership opportunities for African-Americans. Among the materials included are all court pleadings and filings in the case, affidavits and declarations, challenges, consent decrees, correspondence, depositions, discovery documents, expert witness files, interrogatories, investigative files, newspaper and magazine articles, notebooks, orders, policies, press releases, questionnaires, reports, research materials, right-to-sue requests, settlement documents, shopper reports, surveys, visitation reports, and the deposition transcripts of over 150 witnesses, who document the history of the alleged discrimination of Shoneys, Inc and Ray Danner."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. 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Governor (1917-1921 : Catts)"],"persname_ssim":["Catts, Sidney Johnston, 1863-1936"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":4914,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1881194226492899328,"_root_":"c535959967939890c4a30b27","timestamp":"2026-11-07T10:16:57.919Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/c535959967939890c4a30b27_aspace_1302671054d806cc4fa2d2421a3e7b43"}},{"id":"98b1eeaf3fc4c4f85d62c389_aspace_60661","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Wright, Jim, Majority Leader of the House of Representatives, Washington, D.C., March 20, 1984.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/98b1eeaf3fc4c4f85d62c389_aspace_60661#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_60661","ref_ssm":["aspace_60661","aspace_60661"],"id":"98b1eeaf3fc4c4f85d62c389_aspace_60661","title_filing_ssi":"Wright, Jim, Majority Leader of the House of Representatives, Washington, D.C.","title_ssm":["Wright, Jim, Majority Leader of the House of Representatives, Washington, D.C."],"title_tesim":["Wright, Jim, Majority Leader of the House of Representatives, Washington, D.C."],"unitdate_other_ssim":["March 20, 1984."],"normalized_date_ssm":["March 20, 1984."],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wright, Jim, Majority Leader of the House of Representatives, Washington, D.C., March 20, 1984."],"text":["Wright, Jim, Majority Leader of the House of Representatives, Washington, D.C., March 20, 1984.","John L. Ducker Collection, 1863-2007","Correspondence, 1956-1990, Undated.","Miscellaneous, 1972-1987, Undated.","Item 8","/repositories/4/archival_objects/44594","box 2","folder 105"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["98b1eeaf3fc4c4f85d62c389","98b1eeaf3fc4c4f85d62c389_aspace_59973","98b1eeaf3fc4c4f85d62c389_aspace_60632"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["John L. Ducker Collection, 1863-2007","Correspondence, 1956-1990, Undated.","Miscellaneous, 1972-1987, Undated."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["John L. Ducker Collection, 1863-2007","Correspondence, 1956-1990, Undated.","Miscellaneous, 1972-1987, Undated."],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["Item 8","/repositories/4/archival_objects/44594"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["John L. Ducker Collection, 1863-2007"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":786,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"containers_ssim":["box 2","folder 105"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#4/components#25","_nest_parent_":"98b1eeaf3fc4c4f85d62c389_aspace_60632","_root_":"98b1eeaf3fc4c4f85d62c389","_version_":1870857819479080960,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:04:11.988Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"98b1eeaf3fc4c4f85d62c389","title_ssm":["John L. Ducker Collection"],"title_tesim":["John L. Ducker Collection"],"ead_ssi":"98b1eeaf3fc4c4f85d62c389","unitdate_ssm":["1863-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1863-2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.091","/repositories/4/resources/182"],"text":["SC.091","/repositories/4/resources/182","John L. Ducker Collection, 1863-2007","Florida -- Politics and government","Orlando (Fla.)--Politics and Government","Politicians -- Florida","Wills -- Florida","Photographic prints","scrapbooks","The entire collection is open for research.","The collection consists of materials related to former Senator John L. Ducker's personal, professional, and political life. Among these materials are his research files; correspondence, to, from, and about Ducker; newspaper and newsletter clippings pertaining to his interests; certificates and awards he received during his political career; medical documents related to his tumor surgery he underwent in 1977; personal and event photographs from meetings; wills \u0026 estates, the attorney work of John L. Ducker including correspondence between clients, postcards, and will drafts; a scrapbook documents his activities mainly from 1943 to 1970; and ephemeras such as large patch for the Florida State Senate, commemorative copy of the Gettysburg Address, and a plate from the 1968 Republican National Convention held in Miami, Florida.","Former Florida Senator John Lackner Ducker was born in Fort Thomas, Kentucky on September 3, 1922. He received his bachelor's degree in arts from Yale University in 1944, as well as his law degree in 1951; in addition, Ducker also served in the United States Army, eventually achieving the rank of Second Lieutenant, Signal Corps, during World War II. He had an early familiarity with Florida that was owed to his family owning property in Fort Myers in the 1920's and 1930's, and he later maintained a legal practice in Orlando. An active politician on behalf of the Republican Party, Ducker would come to serve in the Florida House of Representatives from 1960-1968 prior to his election to its Senate, on which he remained until 1971. He enjoyed traveling all over the world, he visited every continent including Antarctica. He was a member of the Episcopal Church, Phi Beta Kappa, Orange County Young Republicans Clubs, American Legion, Bar Association of Florida, Sportsmen's Association, Chamber of Commerce, and Boy Scouts. Due to his poor health, he passed away in Longwood, Florida on April 15, 2014. The memorial service was held in Episcopal Church of the Resurrection on May 7, 2014.","Materials were placed in pH neutral folders and boxes.","Processed by Suphi Burak Ogreten, Alexa DeCristofaro, Hannah Baumann, and Megan Humphries; finding aid prepared by Suphi Burak Ogreten","For information on other Florida history collections, please visit our  website.","Series I: Research Files, 1957-2001, includes pamphlets, press releases, invitations, event programs, reports, meeting records, minutes, and miscellaneous documents arranged within their respective subject category.","\nSeries II: Correspondence, 1956-1990, includes incoming and outgoing letters to, from, and about John L. Ducker; incoming letters to the relatives of John L. Ducker; and miscellaneous correspondence.","\nSeries III: Clippings, 1949-1990, includes newspaper, magazine, and newsletter clippings with articles pertaining to the interests of John L. Ducker arranged within their subject category.","\nSeries IV: Certificates, 1946-2007, contains over sixty certificates John L. Ducker received from 1946 to 2007. The items are arranged chronologically by date.","\nSeries V: Medical Documents, 1976-1977, the documents of John L. Ducker's tumor surgery he underwent in 1977, including appointment cards, correspondence between doctors, medical receipts and billing. The documents are arranged chronologically by date.","\nSeries VI: Photographs, 1963-2004, Senator John L. Ducker collected photographic prints over the course of his long career of service to the state of Florida. Individuals include such as Margaret H. Thatcher, Robert Joseph \"Bob\" Dole, Newton Leroy \"Newt\" Gingrich, Norman Schwarzkopf, Mikhail Gorbachev, Louis Sheldon, Claude Kirk, and United States Presidents Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, Ronald Reagan, and George H. W. Bush.","\nSeries VII: Wills and Estates, 1952-1991, the attorney work of John L. Ducker and that is Last Wills and Testaments, but also includes miscellaneous papers, correspondence between clients, postcards and will drafts. The documents are arranged in alphabetical order.","\nSeries VIII: Scrapbook, 1864, 1943-1970, consists of a scrapbook created by John L. Ducker documents his activities mainly from 1943 through 1970; including awards, certificates, clippings, correspondence, and photographs. Items that were loose in the scrapbook have been removed for preservation and placed in acid free envelopes.","\nSeries IX: Ephemera, 1863, 1968, Undated, includes a large patch for the Florida State Senate, commemorative copy of the Gettysburg Address, and a plate from the 1968 Republican National Convention held in Miami, Florida.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","This collection is comprised of research files, correspondence, news clippings, certificates, medical records, photographs, and a scrapbook that belonged to attorney and politician John L. Ducker, who was a member of the Florida House of Representatives from 1960-1968 and the Florida state Senate from 1968-1971. Items in the collection pertain to his personal activities, in addition to his longtime interest in politics, world and local events of the day, as well as legal affairs. John L. Ducker was one of the sponsors of the legislation establishing Florida Technological University (FTU) what is now University of Central Florida (UCF). The entire collection is open for research.","UCF Special Collections","Republican Party (Fla.)","Ducker, John L. (John Lackner), 1922-2014","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC.091","/repositories/4/resources/182"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1863-2007"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John L. Ducker Collection, 1863-2007"],"collection_title_tesim":["John L. Ducker Collection, 1863-2007"],"collection_ssim":["John L. Ducker Collection, 1863-2007"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Florida -- Politics and government"],"geogname_ssim":["Florida -- Politics and government"],"places_ssim":["Florida -- Politics and government"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Stuart R. Ducker donated these materials to the University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives in 2012 (CFM2012_03)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Orlando (Fla.)--Politics and Government","Politicians -- Florida","Wills -- Florida","Photographic prints","scrapbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Orlando (Fla.)--Politics and Government","Politicians -- Florida","Wills -- Florida","Photographic prints","scrapbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6.25 Linear Feet 8 Boxes, 1 Flat File"],"extent_tesim":["6.25 Linear Feet 8 Boxes, 1 Flat File"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographic prints","scrapbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of materials related to former Senator John L. Ducker's personal, professional, and political life. Among these materials are his research files; correspondence, to, from, and about Ducker; newspaper and newsletter clippings pertaining to his interests; certificates and awards he received during his political career; medical documents related to his tumor surgery he underwent in 1977; personal and event photographs from meetings; wills \u0026amp; estates, the attorney work of John L. Ducker including correspondence between clients, postcards, and will drafts; a scrapbook documents his activities mainly from 1943 to 1970; and ephemeras such as large patch for the Florida State Senate, commemorative copy of the Gettysburg Address, and a plate from the 1968 Republican National Convention held in Miami, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection consists of materials related to former Senator John L. Ducker's personal, professional, and political life. Among these materials are his research files; correspondence, to, from, and about Ducker; newspaper and newsletter clippings pertaining to his interests; certificates and awards he received during his political career; medical documents related to his tumor surgery he underwent in 1977; personal and event photographs from meetings; wills \u0026 estates, the attorney work of John L. Ducker including correspondence between clients, postcards, and will drafts; a scrapbook documents his activities mainly from 1943 to 1970; and ephemeras such as large patch for the Florida State Senate, commemorative copy of the Gettysburg Address, and a plate from the 1968 Republican National Convention held in Miami, Florida."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFormer Florida Senator John Lackner Ducker was born in Fort Thomas, Kentucky on September 3, 1922. He received his bachelor's degree in arts from Yale University in 1944, as well as his law degree in 1951; in addition, Ducker also served in the United States Army, eventually achieving the rank of Second Lieutenant, Signal Corps, during World War II. He had an early familiarity with Florida that was owed to his family owning property in Fort Myers in the 1920's and 1930's, and he later maintained a legal practice in Orlando. An active politician on behalf of the Republican Party, Ducker would come to serve in the Florida House of Representatives from 1960-1968 prior to his election to its Senate, on which he remained until 1971. He enjoyed traveling all over the world, he visited every continent including Antarctica. He was a member of the Episcopal Church, Phi Beta Kappa, Orange County Young Republicans Clubs, American Legion, Bar Association of Florida, Sportsmen's Association, Chamber of Commerce, and Boy Scouts. Due to his poor health, he passed away in Longwood, Florida on April 15, 2014. The memorial service was held in Episcopal Church of the Resurrection on May 7, 2014.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Former Florida Senator John Lackner Ducker was born in Fort Thomas, Kentucky on September 3, 1922. He received his bachelor's degree in arts from Yale University in 1944, as well as his law degree in 1951; in addition, Ducker also served in the United States Army, eventually achieving the rank of Second Lieutenant, Signal Corps, during World War II. He had an early familiarity with Florida that was owed to his family owning property in Fort Myers in the 1920's and 1930's, and he later maintained a legal practice in Orlando. An active politician on behalf of the Republican Party, Ducker would come to serve in the Florida House of Representatives from 1960-1968 prior to his election to its Senate, on which he remained until 1971. He enjoyed traveling all over the world, he visited every continent including Antarctica. He was a member of the Episcopal Church, Phi Beta Kappa, Orange County Young Republicans Clubs, American Legion, Bar Association of Florida, Sportsmen's Association, Chamber of Commerce, and Boy Scouts. Due to his poor health, he passed away in Longwood, Florida on April 15, 2014. The memorial service was held in Episcopal Church of the Resurrection on May 7, 2014."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn L. Ducker Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["John L. Ducker Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials were placed in pH neutral folders and boxes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Suphi Burak Ogreten, Alexa DeCristofaro, Hannah Baumann, and Megan Humphries; finding aid prepared by Suphi Burak Ogreten\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Materials were placed in pH neutral folders and boxes.","Processed by Suphi Burak Ogreten, Alexa DeCristofaro, Hannah Baumann, and Megan Humphries; finding aid prepared by Suphi Burak Ogreten"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFor information on other Florida history collections, please visit our \u003cextref href=\"http://library.ucf.edu/about/departments/special-collections-university-archives/special-collections/special-collections-collection-guides/#FloridaHistoryCollections\"\u003ewebsite.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["For information on other Florida history collections, please visit our  website."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Research Files, 1957-2001, includes pamphlets, press releases, invitations, event programs, reports, meeting records, minutes, and miscellaneous documents arranged within their respective subject category.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Correspondence, 1956-1990, includes incoming and outgoing letters to, from, and about John L. Ducker; incoming letters to the relatives of John L. Ducker; and miscellaneous correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Clippings, 1949-1990, includes newspaper, magazine, and newsletter clippings with articles pertaining to the interests of John L. Ducker arranged within their subject category.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Certificates, 1946-2007, contains over sixty certificates John L. Ducker received from 1946 to 2007. The items are arranged chronologically by date.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Medical Documents, 1976-1977, the documents of John L. Ducker's tumor surgery he underwent in 1977, including appointment cards, correspondence between doctors, medical receipts and billing. The documents are arranged chronologically by date.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Photographs, 1963-2004, Senator John L. Ducker collected photographic prints over the course of his long career of service to the state of Florida. Individuals include such as Margaret H. Thatcher, Robert Joseph \"Bob\" Dole, Newton Leroy \"Newt\" Gingrich, Norman Schwarzkopf, Mikhail Gorbachev, Louis Sheldon, Claude Kirk, and United States Presidents Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, Ronald Reagan, and George H. W. Bush.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Wills and Estates, 1952-1991, the attorney work of John L. Ducker and that is Last Wills and Testaments, but also includes miscellaneous papers, correspondence between clients, postcards and will drafts. The documents are arranged in alphabetical order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VIII: Scrapbook, 1864, 1943-1970, consists of a scrapbook created by John L. Ducker documents his activities mainly from 1943 through 1970; including awards, certificates, clippings, correspondence, and photographs. Items that were loose in the scrapbook have been removed for preservation and placed in acid free envelopes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IX: Ephemera, 1863, 1968, Undated, includes a large patch for the Florida State Senate, commemorative copy of the Gettysburg Address, and a plate from the 1968 Republican National Convention held in Miami, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series I: Research Files, 1957-2001, includes pamphlets, press releases, invitations, event programs, reports, meeting records, minutes, and miscellaneous documents arranged within their respective subject category.","\nSeries II: Correspondence, 1956-1990, includes incoming and outgoing letters to, from, and about John L. Ducker; incoming letters to the relatives of John L. Ducker; and miscellaneous correspondence.","\nSeries III: Clippings, 1949-1990, includes newspaper, magazine, and newsletter clippings with articles pertaining to the interests of John L. Ducker arranged within their subject category.","\nSeries IV: Certificates, 1946-2007, contains over sixty certificates John L. Ducker received from 1946 to 2007. The items are arranged chronologically by date.","\nSeries V: Medical Documents, 1976-1977, the documents of John L. Ducker's tumor surgery he underwent in 1977, including appointment cards, correspondence between doctors, medical receipts and billing. The documents are arranged chronologically by date.","\nSeries VI: Photographs, 1963-2004, Senator John L. Ducker collected photographic prints over the course of his long career of service to the state of Florida. Individuals include such as Margaret H. Thatcher, Robert Joseph \"Bob\" Dole, Newton Leroy \"Newt\" Gingrich, Norman Schwarzkopf, Mikhail Gorbachev, Louis Sheldon, Claude Kirk, and United States Presidents Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, Ronald Reagan, and George H. W. Bush.","\nSeries VII: Wills and Estates, 1952-1991, the attorney work of John L. Ducker and that is Last Wills and Testaments, but also includes miscellaneous papers, correspondence between clients, postcards and will drafts. The documents are arranged in alphabetical order.","\nSeries VIII: Scrapbook, 1864, 1943-1970, consists of a scrapbook created by John L. Ducker documents his activities mainly from 1943 through 1970; including awards, certificates, clippings, correspondence, and photographs. Items that were loose in the scrapbook have been removed for preservation and placed in acid free envelopes.","\nSeries IX: Ephemera, 1863, 1968, Undated, includes a large patch for the Florida State Senate, commemorative copy of the Gettysburg Address, and a plate from the 1968 Republican National Convention held in Miami, Florida."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e25267f5790eea3eabda79c0b9c79034\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection is comprised of research files, correspondence, news clippings, certificates, medical records, photographs, and a scrapbook that belonged to attorney and politician John L. Ducker, who was a member of the Florida House of Representatives from 1960-1968 and the Florida state Senate from 1968-1971. Items in the collection pertain to his personal activities, in addition to his longtime interest in politics, world and local events of the day, as well as legal affairs. John L. Ducker was one of the sponsors of the legislation establishing Florida Technological University (FTU) what is now University of Central Florida (UCF). The entire collection is open for research.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection is comprised of research files, correspondence, news clippings, certificates, medical records, photographs, and a scrapbook that belonged to attorney and politician John L. Ducker, who was a member of the Florida House of Representatives from 1960-1968 and the Florida state Senate from 1968-1971. Items in the collection pertain to his personal activities, in addition to his longtime interest in politics, world and local events of the day, as well as legal affairs. John L. Ducker was one of the sponsors of the legislation establishing Florida Technological University (FTU) what is now University of Central Florida (UCF). The entire collection is open for research."],"names_coll_ssim":["Republican Party (Fla.)","Ducker, John L. (John Lackner), 1922-2014"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Republican Party (Fla.)","Ducker, John L. (John Lackner), 1922-2014"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Republican Party (Fla.)"],"persname_ssim":["Ducker, John L. (John Lackner), 1922-2014"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1912,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870857819479080960,"_root_":"98b1eeaf3fc4c4f85d62c389","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:04:11.988Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/98b1eeaf3fc4c4f85d62c389_aspace_60661"}},{"id":"2b0d7b1d43de4208737dc561_aspace_5846","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Wright, J. Leitch Jr.  \"A Note on the First Seminole War as seen by the Indians, Negroes, and their British Advisors.\", 1968","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/2b0d7b1d43de4208737dc561_aspace_5846#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eJournal of Southern History, vol. 34, no. 4, November, 1968, p. 565- 575. [photocopy]. (1812- 1818 period)\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/2b0d7b1d43de4208737dc561_aspace_5846#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_5846","ref_ssm":["aspace_5846","aspace_5846"],"id":"2b0d7b1d43de4208737dc561_aspace_5846","title_filing_ssi":"Wright, J. Leitch Jr.  \"A Note on the First Seminole War as seen by the Indians, Negroes, and their British Advisors.\"","title_ssm":["Wright, J. Leitch Jr.  \"A Note on the First Seminole War as seen by the Indians, Negroes, and their British Advisors.\""],"title_tesim":["Wright, J. Leitch Jr.  \"A Note on the First Seminole War as seen by the Indians, Negroes, and their British Advisors.\""],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1968"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1968"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wright, J. Leitch Jr.  \"A Note on the First Seminole War as seen by the Indians, Negroes, and their British Advisors.\", 1968"],"text":["Wright, J. Leitch Jr.  \"A Note on the First Seminole War as seen by the Indians, Negroes, and their British Advisors.\", 1968","USF Department of Anthropology African Americans in Florida project, 1864-1998, bulk 1930-1980","Research Materials, 1914-1998","Ti—Young","Folder 21","/repositories/2/archival_objects/110932","box 8","folder 21","Journal of Southern History, vol. 34, no. 4, November, 1968, p. 565- 575. [photocopy]. (1812- 1818 period)"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["2b0d7b1d43de4208737dc561","2b0d7b1d43de4208737dc561_aspace_5610","2b0d7b1d43de4208737dc561_aspace_5825"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["USF Department of Anthropology African Americans in Florida project, 1864-1998, bulk 1930-1980","Research Materials, 1914-1998","Ti—Young"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["USF Department of Anthropology African Americans in Florida project, 1864-1998, bulk 1930-1980","Research Materials, 1914-1998","Ti—Young"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Box"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 21","/repositories/2/archival_objects/110932"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["USF Department of Anthropology African Americans in Florida project, 1864-1998, bulk 1930-1980"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":226,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None.  The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/for more information."],"containers_ssim":["box 8","folder 21"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJournal of Southern History, vol. 34, no. 4, November, 1968, p. 565- 575. 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Anthony African Americans in Florida Oral History Project, USF Libraries Digital Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Jack B. Moore papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Raper, Arthur Franklin. A study of Negro life in Tampa: Made at the request of the Tampa Welfare League, the Tampa Urban League and the Tampa Young Men's Christian Association. Tampa, FL: 1927. 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