{"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026page=845","prev":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026page=844","next":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026page=846","last":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026page=856"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":845,"next_page":846,"prev_page":844,"total_pages":856,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":8440,"total_count":8556,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"731b674a396f199a6d388d63_aspace_01669b705cbc3a417679262c818a079a","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Winter Haven Hospital","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/731b674a396f199a6d388d63_aspace_01669b705cbc3a417679262c818a079a#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_01669b705cbc3a417679262c818a079a","ref_ssm":["aspace_01669b705cbc3a417679262c818a079a","aspace_01669b705cbc3a417679262c818a079a"],"id":"731b674a396f199a6d388d63_aspace_01669b705cbc3a417679262c818a079a","title_filing_ssi":"Winter Haven Hospital","title_ssm":["Winter Haven Hospital"],"title_tesim":["Winter Haven Hospital"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Winter Haven Hospital"],"text":["Winter Haven Hospital","Congressman James A. Haley Collection, 1948-1977","U.S. Congressional Papers","/repositories/2/archival_objects/29742","box 330"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["731b674a396f199a6d388d63","731b674a396f199a6d388d63_aspace_5741d34efd25f269c0c7a777de774a22"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Congressman James A. Haley Collection, 1948-1977","U.S. Congressional Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Congressman James A. Haley Collection, 1948-1977","U.S. Congressional Papers"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Subgroup"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/2/archival_objects/29742"],"repository_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Congressman James A. Haley Collection, 1948-1977"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":4269,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to\nunprocessed born digital materials."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The Congressman James A. Haley Papers are owned by Florida Southern College. This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by\nthe copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Please inquire if you have questions -\narchives@flsouthern.edu. ","Constituent Correspondence files are restricted from publication until 2052"],"containers_ssim":["box 330"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#551","_nest_parent_":"731b674a396f199a6d388d63_aspace_5741d34efd25f269c0c7a777de774a22","_root_":"731b674a396f199a6d388d63","_version_":1875924461057736704,"timestamp":"2026-09-10T06:16:17.977Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"731b674a396f199a6d388d63","title_ssm":["Congressman James A. Haley Collection"],"title_tesim":["Congressman James A. Haley Collection"],"ead_ssi":"731b674a396f199a6d388d63","unitdate_ssm":["1948-1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1948-1977"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS1040","/repositories/2/resources/17"],"text":["MS1040","/repositories/2/resources/17","Congressman James A. Haley Collection, 1948-1977","Washington D.C.","Florida--Politics","Lakeland and Polk County Politics","United States. Congress","House of Representatives--Florida--State Legislature","Circus--management","Correspondence","Clippings","Speeches","This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to\nunprocessed born digital materials.","The materials in this collection were maintained by the subject's staff by issue and date. With some modifications allowing for clarity, they have been arranged in a similar fashion. However, you will find that individual issues may appear under multiple subject headings. For example, \"Watergate\" may\nappear under its own heading as well as under \"Richard Nixon\" or \"Nixon Administration.\" Please note that even though the files are arranged by issue, some correspondence might also be located in \"catch-all\" categories such as \"Haley Bills: Master File: 83rd Congress: 1953-1954,\"\n\"Correspondence: 19XX,\" to use but two examples.","James A. Haley, as chairman of the House Interior Committee during the 1970s, was instrumental in the creation of Big Cypress National Preserve. Franklin Adams lobbied for the establishment of the Big Cypress National Preserve along with many other environmental issues. The Franklin Adams Papers are housed at Florida International University. The Franklin Adams Collection, SPC9000, at Florida International University, Miami. ","James Andrew Haley (January 4, 1899 – August 6, 1981) was a U.S. Representative from Florida. Born in Jacksonville, Alabama, Haley attended the public schools and the University of Alabama. He served in the U.S. Army during World War I, and saw combat in France. He was an accountant in Sarasota, Florida, from 1920 to 1933 and served as general manager of the John Ringling estate from 1933 to 1943.\nOn December 4, 1942, Haley married Aubrey Ringling (née Aubrey Barlow Black), the widow of Richard T. Ringling who had died in 1931. Richard Ringling was the son of one of the original Ringling brothers. From 1943 to 1945, he was the first vice president of Ringling Circus and president and\ndirector of Ringling Brothers, Barnum \u0026 Bailey. In 1944, a fire broke out at a Ringling Circus show in Hartford, Connecticut that killed 169 persons. As a result of the fire he and five other circus officials pleaded no contest to charges of involuntary manslaughter and were sentenced to prison. He served\neight months and in 1945 was returned to Florida, where he received a pardon from Governor Millard F. Caldwell. Upon his release from prison, Haley again served as president and director for the Ringling Bros. and Barnum and Bailey Circus of Sarasota from 1946 to 1948. He engaged in newspaper publishing and\nlater in general printing business. He served as chairman of the Democratic Executive Committee of Sarasota County 1935–1952. He was elected and served as member of the Florida House of Representatives from 1949 to 1952. He was a delegate to the Democratic National Conventions in 1952, 1956, and 1960.\nHaley was elected as a Democrat to the Eighty-third and to the eleven succeeding Congresses (January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1977). He was a member of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, the Hospital Subcommittee of the Veterans Affair Committee, and the Indian Affairs Subcommittee. He served as chairman of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs (Ninety-third\nand Ninety-fourth Congresses). Haley was not a candidate for reelection to the Ninety-fifth Congress in 1976.","Haley died in Sarasota on August 6, 1981 and was interred in Boca Raton Cemetery in Boca Raton,FL. The James A. Haley Veterans Hospital located in Tampa is named for him. ","Sources: U.S. House of Representatives Official Biography and Haley Papers biographical data, 2018","The James A. Haley Papers consist of his personal and political papers. Correspondence, clippings, newsletters, photographs, congressional reports, and awards from various civic and political organizations give insight into Haley's public interests. Photographs of his wife, the Circus and political\naffiliates uncover the many facets of Haley's life. A limited amount of biographical information, including news articles about his death, reflect on how this public figure kept his private life private. Of note is the\nseries about the Hartford Circus fire. ","The Papers are arranged in five collections: Personal, Hartford Circus Fire, Political, Florida House of Representatives, and U.S. Congressional.","The Personal papers, arranged alphabetically by format, consists of calendars, correspondence, newsletters, photographs, awards and other ephemera giving a broad look into Haley's life in and out of office. A limited amount of biographical information, including news articles about his death, is included.","Haley Papers\nCorrespondence, newsletters, and awards from various civic and political organizations show the range of Haley's public interests while the invitations he accepted give a sense of the social life of a congressman in the 1950s-1970s. Congratulatory messages may give insight into who he counted\namong his political allies. The correspondence in this series, 1940-1981, the bulk of which are letters from Haley's time in the U.S. House of Representative (1953-1976) is of a general nature and may not be of a specific topic, but often must still be viewed as official. Since Haley was a public figure, the materials in this series should be viewed in the context that public figures kept their private life private.","The ephemera is mostly three-dimensional objects from Haley's office. The photographs within this series are also generally of an official nature. They are arranged by subject. Of particular note are the\nphotographs of Haley with several U.S. Presidents. Please see a digital exhibit at\nhttp://www.flsouthern.edu/library/mckay-archives/digital-exhibits/haley-presidents.aspx.","The Hartford Circus Fire collection encompasses documentation of the burning of a tent at the Ringling Bros. and Barnum \u0026 Baily Circus in Hartford, Connecticut on July 6, 1944, the loss of 150 lives, and the resulting trial. As first vice president of the Company, James A. Haley took responsibility, was found\nguilty of manslaughter, and served time in a federal prison. The documentation is comprised of, but not limited to, correspondence, news clippings, financial documents and court records. Correspondence takes the form of letters and telegrams with topics between Haley and staff and Haley and lawyers about what happened in the fire and with the trial. There are also letters to Haley while he is in jail, mostly regarding his personal health and welfare. There are extensive newspaper clippings about the fire and the trial. Corporate information includes circus routes, minutes and by-laws. The financial documents are extensive and record the financial standing of the circus, while Court Records consist of trial scripts, pleas, and scripts from the parole hearing. Anyone searching for general understanding of the events of the fire should look at the newspapers, and then the letters and telegrams.","The Political Papers collection concerns Haley's campaigns and party work. As a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, Haley was up for reelection every two years. The Campaign Files sub-series contains correspondence, government records, news articles, and other documents related to the subject's political campaigns between 1952 and 1974. Of special interest are the endorsements which how where and from whom he received his political support from.","The Democratic Party sub-collection reflects the subject's involvement with his political party. He served as a delegate to several Democratic National Conventions over the course of his career. He also took an interest in other political races throughout Florida and the nation. This series contains correspondence and newspaper articles concerning elections not specific to the subject, as well as general party information for candidates and booklets produced for the conventions.","The Florida House of Representatives collection encompass Haley's career as the State Representative for Sarasota County in the Florida House of Representatives. Haley held this office from 1948-1952. The materials are arranged in as logical order as possible. There was no discernable order prior to processing as the materials had been housed and rehoused several times since they were donated to the college. Of special note are the materials related to the Haley Committee Investigating Crime, which investigated political corruption and organized crime in the state. The collection also includes materials concerning state issues of the day, as well as issues specific to Sarasota County. Additionally, there are reference materials used by the subject in the performance of his duties. The Haley Committee on Investigating Crime sub-series contains transcripts of hearings, proceedings,\ncorrespondence, and news articles related to this committee, while the Issues sub-series is arranged Haley Papers\nalphabetically and contains correspondence, legislation, news articles, and reference material related to the respective issue. The Reference sub-series contain Florida House and Senate Bill Summaries, Legislative calendars, House and Senate Journals, and roll call votes. And, the Sarasota District subseries contain correspondence, reference materials, and news articles related specifically to that district.","The U.S. Congressional Papers, the largest collection, comprise the political aspects of Haley's US congressional career. The materials are arranged in alphabetical order created by his office. Haley held a seat representing the southwest coast and heartland of Florida from 1953-1977. The materials in this\nseries contain correspondence, articles, government documents, and photographs; they cover nearly every major issue to confront the United States during the 1950s through the 1970s. Of special note is the constituent correspondence, which are letters from citizens to Haley asking for information or help on a variety of topics. Letters and telegrams sent to Haley by citizens in his district give a sense of the\nviews of the general public concerning the issues of the era. Haley's views are expressed in his replies. The materials are arranged alphabetically by issue and date. This arrangement closely corresponds to how they were filed in the subject's office. Please note that even though the files are arranged by issue, some correspondence might also be located in \"catch-all\" categories such as \"Haley Bills: Master File: 83rd Congress: 1953-1954,\"\n\"Correspondence: 19XX,\" to use but two examples. ","The Congressman James A. Haley Papers are owned by Florida Southern College. This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by\nthe copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Please inquire if you have questions -\narchives@flsouthern.edu. ","Constituent Correspondence files are restricted from publication until 2052","The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections","Haley, James A., Congressman ","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS1040","/repositories/2/resources/17"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1948-1977"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Congressman James A. Haley Collection, 1948-1977"],"collection_title_tesim":["Congressman James A. Haley Collection, 1948-1977"],"collection_ssim":["Congressman James A. Haley Collection, 1948-1977"],"repository_ssm":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"repository_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Washington D.C."],"geogname_ssim":["Washington D.C."],"creator_ssm":["Haley, James A., Congressman "],"creator_ssim":["Haley, James A., Congressman "],"creator_persname_ssim":["Haley, James A., Congressman "],"creators_ssim":["Haley, James A., Congressman "],"places_ssim":["Washington D.C."],"access_terms_ssm":["The Congressman James A. Haley Papers are owned by Florida Southern College. This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by\nthe copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Please inquire if you have questions -\narchives@flsouthern.edu. ","Constituent Correspondence files are restricted from publication until 2052"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Florida--Politics","Lakeland and Polk County Politics","United States. Congress","House of Representatives--Florida--State Legislature","Circus--management","Correspondence","Clippings","Speeches"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Florida--Politics","Lakeland and Polk County Politics","United States. Congress","House of Representatives--Florida--State Legislature","Circus--management","Correspondence","Clippings","Speeches"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["150 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["150 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Clippings","Speeches"],"date_range_isim":[1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to\nunprocessed born digital materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to\nunprocessed born digital materials."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this collection were maintained by the subject's staff by issue and date. With some modifications allowing for clarity, they have been arranged in a similar fashion. However, you will find that individual issues may appear under multiple subject headings. For example, \"Watergate\" may\nappear under its own heading as well as under \"Richard Nixon\" or \"Nixon Administration.\" Please note that even though the files are arranged by issue, some correspondence might also be located in \"catch-all\" categories such as \"Haley Bills: Master File: 83rd Congress: 1953-1954,\"\n\"Correspondence: 19XX,\" to use but two examples.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJames A. Haley, as chairman of the House Interior Committee during the 1970s, was instrumental in the creation of Big Cypress National Preserve. Franklin Adams lobbied for the establishment of the Big Cypress National Preserve along with many other environmental issues. The Franklin Adams Papers are housed at Florida International University. The Franklin Adams Collection, SPC9000, at Florida International University, Miami. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The materials in this collection were maintained by the subject's staff by issue and date. With some modifications allowing for clarity, they have been arranged in a similar fashion. However, you will find that individual issues may appear under multiple subject headings. For example, \"Watergate\" may\nappear under its own heading as well as under \"Richard Nixon\" or \"Nixon Administration.\" Please note that even though the files are arranged by issue, some correspondence might also be located in \"catch-all\" categories such as \"Haley Bills: Master File: 83rd Congress: 1953-1954,\"\n\"Correspondence: 19XX,\" to use but two examples.","James A. Haley, as chairman of the House Interior Committee during the 1970s, was instrumental in the creation of Big Cypress National Preserve. Franklin Adams lobbied for the establishment of the Big Cypress National Preserve along with many other environmental issues. The Franklin Adams Papers are housed at Florida International University. The Franklin Adams Collection, SPC9000, at Florida International University, Miami. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Andrew Haley (January 4, 1899 \u0026#x2013; August 6, 1981) was a U.S. Representative from Florida. Born in Jacksonville, Alabama, Haley attended the public schools and the University of Alabama. He served in the U.S. Army during World War I, and saw combat in France. He was an accountant in Sarasota, Florida, from 1920 to 1933 and served as general manager of the John Ringling estate from 1933 to 1943.\nOn December 4, 1942, Haley married Aubrey Ringling (n\u0026#xE9;e Aubrey Barlow Black), the widow of Richard T. Ringling who had died in 1931. Richard Ringling was the son of one of the original Ringling brothers. From 1943 to 1945, he was the first vice president of Ringling Circus and president and\ndirector of Ringling Brothers, Barnum \u0026amp; Bailey. In 1944, a fire broke out at a Ringling Circus show in Hartford, Connecticut that killed 169 persons. As a result of the fire he and five other circus officials pleaded no contest to charges of involuntary manslaughter and were sentenced to prison. He served\neight months and in 1945 was returned to Florida, where he received a pardon from Governor Millard F. Caldwell. Upon his release from prison, Haley again served as president and director for the Ringling Bros. and Barnum and Bailey Circus of Sarasota from 1946 to 1948. He engaged in newspaper publishing and\nlater in general printing business. He served as chairman of the Democratic Executive Committee of Sarasota County 1935\u0026#x2013;1952. He was elected and served as member of the Florida House of Representatives from 1949 to 1952. He was a delegate to the Democratic National Conventions in 1952, 1956, and 1960.\nHaley was elected as a Democrat to the Eighty-third and to the eleven succeeding Congresses (January 3, 1953 \u0026#x2013; January 3, 1977). He was a member of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, the Hospital Subcommittee of the Veterans Affair Committee, and the Indian Affairs Subcommittee. He served as chairman of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs (Ninety-third\nand Ninety-fourth Congresses). Haley was not a candidate for reelection to the Ninety-fifth Congress in 1976.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHaley died in Sarasota on August 6, 1981 and was interred in Boca Raton Cemetery in Boca Raton,FL. The James A. Haley Veterans Hospital located in Tampa is named for him. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources: U.S. House of Representatives Official Biography and Haley Papers biographical data, 2018\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Andrew Haley (January 4, 1899 – August 6, 1981) was a U.S. Representative from Florida. Born in Jacksonville, Alabama, Haley attended the public schools and the University of Alabama. He served in the U.S. Army during World War I, and saw combat in France. He was an accountant in Sarasota, Florida, from 1920 to 1933 and served as general manager of the John Ringling estate from 1933 to 1943.\nOn December 4, 1942, Haley married Aubrey Ringling (née Aubrey Barlow Black), the widow of Richard T. Ringling who had died in 1931. Richard Ringling was the son of one of the original Ringling brothers. From 1943 to 1945, he was the first vice president of Ringling Circus and president and\ndirector of Ringling Brothers, Barnum \u0026 Bailey. In 1944, a fire broke out at a Ringling Circus show in Hartford, Connecticut that killed 169 persons. As a result of the fire he and five other circus officials pleaded no contest to charges of involuntary manslaughter and were sentenced to prison. He served\neight months and in 1945 was returned to Florida, where he received a pardon from Governor Millard F. Caldwell. Upon his release from prison, Haley again served as president and director for the Ringling Bros. and Barnum and Bailey Circus of Sarasota from 1946 to 1948. He engaged in newspaper publishing and\nlater in general printing business. He served as chairman of the Democratic Executive Committee of Sarasota County 1935–1952. He was elected and served as member of the Florida House of Representatives from 1949 to 1952. He was a delegate to the Democratic National Conventions in 1952, 1956, and 1960.\nHaley was elected as a Democrat to the Eighty-third and to the eleven succeeding Congresses (January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1977). He was a member of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, the Hospital Subcommittee of the Veterans Affair Committee, and the Indian Affairs Subcommittee. He served as chairman of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs (Ninety-third\nand Ninety-fourth Congresses). Haley was not a candidate for reelection to the Ninety-fifth Congress in 1976.","Haley died in Sarasota on August 6, 1981 and was interred in Boca Raton Cemetery in Boca Raton,FL. The James A. Haley Veterans Hospital located in Tampa is named for him. ","Sources: U.S. House of Representatives Official Biography and Haley Papers biographical data, 2018"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe James A. Haley Papers consist of his personal and political papers. Correspondence, clippings, newsletters, photographs, congressional reports, and awards from various civic and political organizations give insight into Haley's public interests. Photographs of his wife, the Circus and political\naffiliates uncover the many facets of Haley's life. A limited amount of biographical information, including news articles about his death, reflect on how this public figure kept his private life private. Of note is the\nseries about the Hartford Circus fire. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Papers are arranged in five collections: Personal, Hartford Circus Fire, Political, Florida House of Representatives, and U.S. Congressional.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Personal papers, arranged alphabetically by format, consists of calendars, correspondence, newsletters, photographs, awards and other ephemera giving a broad look into Haley's life in and out of office. A limited amount of biographical information, including news articles about his death, is included.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHaley Papers\nCorrespondence, newsletters, and awards from various civic and political organizations show the range of Haley's public interests while the invitations he accepted give a sense of the social life of a congressman in the 1950s-1970s. Congratulatory messages may give insight into who he counted\namong his political allies. The correspondence in this series, 1940-1981, the bulk of which are letters from Haley's time in the U.S. House of Representative (1953-1976) is of a general nature and may not be of a specific topic, but often must still be viewed as official. Since Haley was a public figure, the materials in this series should be viewed in the context that public figures kept their private life private.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe ephemera is mostly three-dimensional objects from Haley's office. The photographs within this series are also generally of an official nature. They are arranged by subject. Of particular note are the\nphotographs of Haley with several U.S. Presidents. Please see a digital exhibit at\nhttp://www.flsouthern.edu/library/mckay-archives/digital-exhibits/haley-presidents.aspx.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Hartford Circus Fire collection encompasses documentation of the burning of a tent at the Ringling Bros. and Barnum \u0026amp; Baily Circus in Hartford, Connecticut on July 6, 1944, the loss of 150 lives, and the resulting trial. As first vice president of the Company, James A. Haley took responsibility, was found\nguilty of manslaughter, and served time in a federal prison. The documentation is comprised of, but not limited to, correspondence, news clippings, financial documents and court records. Correspondence takes the form of letters and telegrams with topics between Haley and staff and Haley and lawyers about what happened in the fire and with the trial. There are also letters to Haley while he is in jail, mostly regarding his personal health and welfare. There are extensive newspaper clippings about the fire and the trial. Corporate information includes circus routes, minutes and by-laws. The financial documents are extensive and record the financial standing of the circus, while Court Records consist of trial scripts, pleas, and scripts from the parole hearing. Anyone searching for general understanding of the events of the fire should look at the newspapers, and then the letters and telegrams.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Political Papers collection concerns Haley's campaigns and party work. As a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, Haley was up for reelection every two years. The Campaign Files sub-series contains correspondence, government records, news articles, and other documents related to the subject's political campaigns between 1952 and 1974. Of special interest are the endorsements which how where and from whom he received his political support from.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Democratic Party sub-collection reflects the subject's involvement with his political party. He served as a delegate to several Democratic National Conventions over the course of his career. He also took an interest in other political races throughout Florida and the nation. This series contains correspondence and newspaper articles concerning elections not specific to the subject, as well as general party information for candidates and booklets produced for the conventions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Florida House of Representatives collection encompass Haley's career as the State Representative for Sarasota County in the Florida House of Representatives. Haley held this office from 1948-1952. The materials are arranged in as logical order as possible. There was no discernable order prior to processing as the materials had been housed and rehoused several times since they were donated to the college. Of special note are the materials related to the Haley Committee Investigating Crime, which investigated political corruption and organized crime in the state. The collection also includes materials concerning state issues of the day, as well as issues specific to Sarasota County. Additionally, there are reference materials used by the subject in the performance of his duties. The Haley Committee on Investigating Crime sub-series contains transcripts of hearings, proceedings,\ncorrespondence, and news articles related to this committee, while the Issues sub-series is arranged Haley Papers\nalphabetically and contains correspondence, legislation, news articles, and reference material related to the respective issue. The Reference sub-series contain Florida House and Senate Bill Summaries, Legislative calendars, House and Senate Journals, and roll call votes. And, the Sarasota District subseries contain correspondence, reference materials, and news articles related specifically to that district.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe U.S. Congressional Papers, the largest collection, comprise the political aspects of Haley's US congressional career. The materials are arranged in alphabetical order created by his office. Haley held a seat representing the southwest coast and heartland of Florida from 1953-1977. The materials in this\nseries contain correspondence, articles, government documents, and photographs; they cover nearly every major issue to confront the United States during the 1950s through the 1970s. Of special note is the constituent correspondence, which are letters from citizens to Haley asking for information or help on a variety of topics. Letters and telegrams sent to Haley by citizens in his district give a sense of the\nviews of the general public concerning the issues of the era. Haley's views are expressed in his replies. The materials are arranged alphabetically by issue and date. This arrangement closely corresponds to how they were filed in the subject's office. Please note that even though the files are arranged by issue, some correspondence might also be located in \"catch-all\" categories such as \"Haley Bills: Master File: 83rd Congress: 1953-1954,\"\n\"Correspondence: 19XX,\" to use but two examples. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The James A. Haley Papers consist of his personal and political papers. Correspondence, clippings, newsletters, photographs, congressional reports, and awards from various civic and political organizations give insight into Haley's public interests. Photographs of his wife, the Circus and political\naffiliates uncover the many facets of Haley's life. A limited amount of biographical information, including news articles about his death, reflect on how this public figure kept his private life private. Of note is the\nseries about the Hartford Circus fire. ","The Papers are arranged in five collections: Personal, Hartford Circus Fire, Political, Florida House of Representatives, and U.S. Congressional.","The Personal papers, arranged alphabetically by format, consists of calendars, correspondence, newsletters, photographs, awards and other ephemera giving a broad look into Haley's life in and out of office. A limited amount of biographical information, including news articles about his death, is included.","Haley Papers\nCorrespondence, newsletters, and awards from various civic and political organizations show the range of Haley's public interests while the invitations he accepted give a sense of the social life of a congressman in the 1950s-1970s. Congratulatory messages may give insight into who he counted\namong his political allies. The correspondence in this series, 1940-1981, the bulk of which are letters from Haley's time in the U.S. House of Representative (1953-1976) is of a general nature and may not be of a specific topic, but often must still be viewed as official. Since Haley was a public figure, the materials in this series should be viewed in the context that public figures kept their private life private.","The ephemera is mostly three-dimensional objects from Haley's office. The photographs within this series are also generally of an official nature. They are arranged by subject. Of particular note are the\nphotographs of Haley with several U.S. Presidents. Please see a digital exhibit at\nhttp://www.flsouthern.edu/library/mckay-archives/digital-exhibits/haley-presidents.aspx.","The Hartford Circus Fire collection encompasses documentation of the burning of a tent at the Ringling Bros. and Barnum \u0026 Baily Circus in Hartford, Connecticut on July 6, 1944, the loss of 150 lives, and the resulting trial. As first vice president of the Company, James A. Haley took responsibility, was found\nguilty of manslaughter, and served time in a federal prison. The documentation is comprised of, but not limited to, correspondence, news clippings, financial documents and court records. Correspondence takes the form of letters and telegrams with topics between Haley and staff and Haley and lawyers about what happened in the fire and with the trial. There are also letters to Haley while he is in jail, mostly regarding his personal health and welfare. There are extensive newspaper clippings about the fire and the trial. Corporate information includes circus routes, minutes and by-laws. The financial documents are extensive and record the financial standing of the circus, while Court Records consist of trial scripts, pleas, and scripts from the parole hearing. Anyone searching for general understanding of the events of the fire should look at the newspapers, and then the letters and telegrams.","The Political Papers collection concerns Haley's campaigns and party work. As a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, Haley was up for reelection every two years. The Campaign Files sub-series contains correspondence, government records, news articles, and other documents related to the subject's political campaigns between 1952 and 1974. Of special interest are the endorsements which how where and from whom he received his political support from.","The Democratic Party sub-collection reflects the subject's involvement with his political party. He served as a delegate to several Democratic National Conventions over the course of his career. He also took an interest in other political races throughout Florida and the nation. This series contains correspondence and newspaper articles concerning elections not specific to the subject, as well as general party information for candidates and booklets produced for the conventions.","The Florida House of Representatives collection encompass Haley's career as the State Representative for Sarasota County in the Florida House of Representatives. Haley held this office from 1948-1952. The materials are arranged in as logical order as possible. There was no discernable order prior to processing as the materials had been housed and rehoused several times since they were donated to the college. Of special note are the materials related to the Haley Committee Investigating Crime, which investigated political corruption and organized crime in the state. The collection also includes materials concerning state issues of the day, as well as issues specific to Sarasota County. Additionally, there are reference materials used by the subject in the performance of his duties. The Haley Committee on Investigating Crime sub-series contains transcripts of hearings, proceedings,\ncorrespondence, and news articles related to this committee, while the Issues sub-series is arranged Haley Papers\nalphabetically and contains correspondence, legislation, news articles, and reference material related to the respective issue. The Reference sub-series contain Florida House and Senate Bill Summaries, Legislative calendars, House and Senate Journals, and roll call votes. And, the Sarasota District subseries contain correspondence, reference materials, and news articles related specifically to that district.","The U.S. Congressional Papers, the largest collection, comprise the political aspects of Haley's US congressional career. The materials are arranged in alphabetical order created by his office. Haley held a seat representing the southwest coast and heartland of Florida from 1953-1977. The materials in this\nseries contain correspondence, articles, government documents, and photographs; they cover nearly every major issue to confront the United States during the 1950s through the 1970s. Of special note is the constituent correspondence, which are letters from citizens to Haley asking for information or help on a variety of topics. Letters and telegrams sent to Haley by citizens in his district give a sense of the\nviews of the general public concerning the issues of the era. Haley's views are expressed in his replies. The materials are arranged alphabetically by issue and date. This arrangement closely corresponds to how they were filed in the subject's office. Please note that even though the files are arranged by issue, some correspondence might also be located in \"catch-all\" categories such as \"Haley Bills: Master File: 83rd Congress: 1953-1954,\"\n\"Correspondence: 19XX,\" to use but two examples. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Congressman James A. Haley Papers are owned by Florida Southern College. This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by\nthe copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Please inquire if you have questions -\narchives@flsouthern.edu. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eConstituent Correspondence files are restricted from publication until 2052\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The Congressman James A. Haley Papers are owned by Florida Southern College. This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by\nthe copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Please inquire if you have questions -\narchives@flsouthern.edu. ","Constituent Correspondence files are restricted from publication until 2052"],"names_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections","Haley, James A., Congressman "],"corpname_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Haley, James A., Congressman "],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":4376,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1875924461057736704,"_root_":"731b674a396f199a6d388d63","timestamp":"2026-09-10T06:16:17.977Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/731b674a396f199a6d388d63_aspace_01669b705cbc3a417679262c818a079a"}},{"id":"8bccec286b157e57770b2a06_aspace_64883ece46f26de3ba4afaff357cb2ac","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Winter Park","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8bccec286b157e57770b2a06_aspace_64883ece46f26de3ba4afaff357cb2ac#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_64883ece46f26de3ba4afaff357cb2ac","ref_ssm":["aspace_64883ece46f26de3ba4afaff357cb2ac","aspace_64883ece46f26de3ba4afaff357cb2ac"],"id":"8bccec286b157e57770b2a06_aspace_64883ece46f26de3ba4afaff357cb2ac","title_filing_ssi":"Winter Park","title_ssm":["Winter Park"],"title_tesim":["Winter Park"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Winter Park"],"text":["Winter Park","Florida Postcard Collection, 1900-2000","/repositories/2/archival_objects/18511"],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["8bccec286b157e57770b2a06"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Florida Postcard Collection, 1900-2000"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Florida Postcard Collection, 1900-2000"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/2/archival_objects/18511"],"repository_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Florida Postcard Collection, 1900-2000"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":2,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":258,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the archive's ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["This collection is owned by Florida Southern College. This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Please inquire if you have questions -archives@flsouthern.edu."],"_nest_path_":"/components#50","_nest_parent_":"8bccec286b157e57770b2a06","_root_":"8bccec286b157e57770b2a06","timestamp":"2026-07-08T02:32:02.387Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"8bccec286b157e57770b2a06","title_ssm":["Florida Postcard Collection"],"title_tesim":["Florida Postcard Collection"],"ead_ssi":"8bccec286b157e57770b2a06","unitdate_ssm":["1900-2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1900-2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS2095","/repositories/2/resources/95"],"text":["MS2095","/repositories/2/resources/95","Florida Postcard Collection, 1900-2000","Postcards--Florida","Florida--Description and travel--Pictorial works","Florida--History--Pictorial works","Florida--Buildings, structures, etc.--Pictorial works","Hotels--Florida--Pictorial works","Bridges--Florida--Pictorial works","Amusement parks--Florida--Pictorial works","Gardens--Florida--Pictorial works","Postcards.","This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the archive's ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials.","This collection is owned by Florida Southern College. This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Please inquire if you have questions -archives@flsouthern.edu.","The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS2095","/repositories/2/resources/95"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1900-2000"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Florida Postcard Collection, 1900-2000"],"collection_title_tesim":["Florida Postcard Collection, 1900-2000"],"collection_ssim":["Florida Postcard Collection, 1900-2000"],"repository_ssm":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"repository_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"access_terms_ssm":["This collection is owned by Florida Southern College. This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Please inquire if you have questions -archives@flsouthern.edu."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The items in this collection have been acquired over the years by faculty and staff of Roux Library and McKay Archives."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Postcards--Florida","Florida--Description and travel--Pictorial works","Florida--History--Pictorial works","Florida--Buildings, structures, etc.--Pictorial works","Hotels--Florida--Pictorial works","Bridges--Florida--Pictorial works","Amusement parks--Florida--Pictorial works","Gardens--Florida--Pictorial works","Postcards."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Postcards--Florida","Florida--Description and travel--Pictorial works","Florida--History--Pictorial works","Florida--Buildings, structures, etc.--Pictorial works","Hotels--Florida--Pictorial works","Bridges--Florida--Pictorial works","Amusement parks--Florida--Pictorial works","Gardens--Florida--Pictorial works","Postcards."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Postcards."],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the archive's ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the archive's ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is owned by Florida Southern College. This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Please inquire if you have questions -archives@flsouthern.edu.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["This collection is owned by Florida Southern College. This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Please inquire if you have questions -archives@flsouthern.edu."],"names_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":262,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"8bccec286b157e57770b2a06","timestamp":"2026-07-08T02:32:02.387Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8bccec286b157e57770b2a06_aspace_64883ece46f26de3ba4afaff357cb2ac"}},{"id":"18ce43a3c782b797db9fa781_aspace_178005","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Winter Scenes - West Hartford, 1914","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/18ce43a3c782b797db9fa781_aspace_178005#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_178005","ref_ssm":["aspace_178005","aspace_178005"],"id":"18ce43a3c782b797db9fa781_aspace_178005","title_filing_ssi":"Winter Scenes - West Hartford","title_ssm":["Winter Scenes - West Hartford"],"title_tesim":["Winter Scenes - West Hartford"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1914"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1914"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Winter Scenes - West Hartford, 1914"],"text":["Winter Scenes - West Hartford, 1914","Photographic lantern slide collection, 1902-1929, Date acquired: 00/00/1995","Slides - Outdoor Scenes, Winter Scenes, Sunset Farm, St. Hartford","Series 2","/repositories/2/archival_objects/81541"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["18ce43a3c782b797db9fa781","18ce43a3c782b797db9fa781_aspace_179823"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Photographic lantern slide collection, 1902-1929, Date acquired: 00/00/1995","Slides - Outdoor Scenes, Winter Scenes, Sunset Farm, St. Hartford"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Photographic lantern slide collection, 1902-1929, Date acquired: 00/00/1995","Slides - Outdoor Scenes, Winter Scenes, Sunset Farm, St. Hartford"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Box"],"unitid_ssm":["Series 2","/repositories/2/archival_objects/81541"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Photographic lantern slide collection, 1902-1929, Date acquired: 00/00/1995"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":18,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":975,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Fragile materials served by appointment. Gloves required."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"_nest_path_":"/components#20/components#1","_nest_parent_":"18ce43a3c782b797db9fa781_aspace_179823","_root_":"18ce43a3c782b797db9fa781","timestamp":"2026-06-19T03:16:57.188Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"18ce43a3c782b797db9fa781","title_ssm":["Photographic lantern slide collection"],"title_tesim":["Photographic lantern slide collection"],"ead_ssi":"18ce43a3c782b797db9fa781","unitdate_ssm":["1902-1929","Date acquired: 00/00/1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1902-1929"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 00/00/1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-1995-06","/repositories/2/resources/391"],"text":["MS-1995-06","/repositories/2/resources/391","Photographic lantern slide collection, 1902-1929, Date acquired: 00/00/1995","Lantern slides","Fragile materials served by appointment. Gloves required.","Five lantern slides measuring 1.75\" by 6.75\" donated to USF Special Collections on August 23, 2023.","The slides have been issued inventory numbers; for item level description see printed document with the collection.","The history of the lantern slide has its origins in seventeenth-century optical viewing devices which came to be known as \"magic lanterns\". The earliest slides for magic lanterns consisted of hand-painted images on glass, projected by itinerant showmen to amuse their audiences. In 1849, about ten years after the invention of photography, lantern slides began to be produced photographically.  Rapid improvements in photographic reproduction methods and more effective projection illuminants sparked the increased popularization of magic lantern slides."," \nIn the United States, magic lantern shows were especially popular in formal education settings. From the 1850s, following the lead of the Philadelphia-based Langenheim Brothers, a growing number of slide manufacturers retained stock collections of negatives from which lantern slides could be produced, assembled into thematic boxed sets, and sold to consumers, including universities, companies, clubs and other social organizations."," \nThe vast majority of these commercial lantern slides were black-and-white positive images, created with the wet collodion or a dry gelatine process. Slide lantern photographers made either \"contact\" or \"reduction\" prints. They made contact prints by placing a negative over a piece of light-sensitive lantern glass and then developing the image by exposure under controlled light. For a reduction print, the photographer affixed the negative to a window with a clear view, and photographed the illuminated negative directly onto the light-senstive lantern glass with a camera. After the completion of the photographic process, slide makers often affixed a paper border to the lantern glass, covered it with a clear piece of protective glass, and then bound the glass \"sandwich\" together with tape. The paper borders often bore printed identification of the commercial studio. Less frequently, manufacturers employed professional colorists to apply pigment washes to the lantern glass image prior to labeling and binding."," \nIn the 1930s and 1940s, less expensive film-based transparencies replaced glass lantern slides.  Commercial glass lantern slide firms and photographic studios disappeared or adapted to the new medium of 35 mm slides. [1] John Barnes. Catalogue of the Collection. Part 2: Optical Projection, The History of the Magic Lantern from the 17th to the 20th Century (St. Ives, Cornwall: Barnes Museum of Cinematography, 1970), 27-29. [2] Elizabeth Shepard. \"The Magic Lantern Slide in Entertainment and Education, 1860-1920.\" History of Photography 11: 2 (April-June 1987), 91. [3] Paul N. Hasluck. Optical Lanterns and Accessories: How to Make and Manage Them, Including Instructions on Making Slides (London: Cassell \u0026 Company, Ltd., 1901), 133-139.","published","Lantern slides have their origins in optical projection devices dating to the seventeenth century, yet their widespread use did not begin until after the advent of the wet collodion photographic process by Frederick Scott Archer in the late 1840s. As the nineteenth century progressed, lantern slides with photographic images quickly became popular forms of public and private education and entertainment.","The Photographic Lantern Slide collection is a source of visual imagery that spans the world in historical, architectural, cultural and agricultural subjects.  It represents one of the most popular categories of lantern slides, travel destinations.  It is international in scope, with scenes varying by locale, as indicated in the container listing. Many of the slides in this collection represent the sacred spaces of the Jewish, Buddhist, Christian and Muslim religions. Popular tourist destinations and historic sites are also prevalent, as are scenes of working people, housing structures, rural agriculture and transportation methods.","Documentation pertaining to this collection is limited to information affixed to the slides. Studios, manufacturers and retailers are identified on printed or handwritten labels, and some slides bear dates ranging from 1902 to 1929.  The hand colorists known as \"the Misses Griffith\" are identified on a number of slides, yet in most instances, the photographer who took the picture and the date of the negative's creation are not indicated. Nonetheless, the collection documents the products of a number of photographers, manufacturers, retailers of optical supplies and hand colorists.  The collection is especially notable for its number of hand-colored lantern slides.","The bulk of photographic lantern slides sold in the United States in the early twentieth century were black and white, products of the wet collodion or a gelatine photographic process. Hand coloring required additional skilled labor, space and tools, and delayed the mass production of the slides. Its relationship to painting on china and glass meant that women often performed the skilled labor.  Transparent oil paints, aniline dyes or watercolors were most frequently used in the process, the slides sometimes baked in an oven to set the paint layers prior to subsequent pigment applications.  While the earliest hand-colored slides required the painter's experimentation with different pigments and dyes, by the early twentieth century, paint manufacturers produced sets of colors specifically designed for slide lantern use.[url=#_ftn1][1][/url]","Once the photographic image was ready for assembly, the binders often applied a gummed opaque paper border (called a mask) to the glass negative and then topped it with a clear glass cover.  They then placed the two pieces of glass into a binding clamp and bound them together with gummed paper tape.[url=#_ftn2][2][/url]  Slides could then be individually sold or grouped into thematic sets, placed in grooved boxes, and distributed. Originally housed in the wooden boxes associated with glass negatives, the majority of the slides bearing the labels of individual manufacturers and studios, the Photographic Lantern Slide Collection is representative of such commercial sales.","In the early twentieth century, various American companies sold thematic slide lecture sets. The Keystone View Company (1892-1963), founded by the amateur photographer B.L. Singley in Meadville, Pennsylvania, was one of the largest commercial suppliers.[url=#_ftn3][3][/url] The McAllister family was another leader in the magic lantern business, establishing operations in Philadelphia by 1846 and in New York by 1866.  Trading under the name McAllister-Keller Co., Inc. from 1917, the company continued to offer lantern slides and other supplies until 1942.[url=#_ftn4][4][/url] The photographer John Duer Scott and the colorist Edward Van Altena joined forces to create a New York-based business in 1904. Riley Optical was a British company specializing in slide and lantern manufacturing, which opened a New York branch by 1895. Williams, Brown and Earle primarily sold laboratory supplies and optical equipment, but also produced lantern slide sets.","The manufacturers, retailers, photographers, studios or colorists identified in this collection are:","Beseler Lantern Slide Company, 131 East 23 rd  Street, New York","Brown and Dawson, Stamford, Connecticut","Detroit Publishing Company, Detroit, Michigan","C. H. Graves Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","Misses Griffith (colorists), New York, New York","A. D. Handy, Boston, Massachusetts","Joseph Hawkes, 108 Fulton Street, New York, New York","Milton R. Holmes (photographer), Pennsylvania","W. C. Ives, New York, New York","Keystone View Company, Meadville, Pennsylvania","Chas. W. Kimble, Trenton, New Jersey","T. H. McAllister-Keller Co., Inc., New York, New York","Moore, Bond \u0026 Company, Chicago, Illinois","William Herman Rau, 1324 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","Riley Optical, New York, New York","John Duer Scott (photographer), New York, New York","Scott and Van Altena, 59 Pearl Street, New York, New York","Underwood and Underwood, Washington, D. C.","Edward Van Altena, 71-79 West 45 th  Street, New York, New York","Williams, Brown \u0026 Earle, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","In most instances, the maker's identification labels do not distinguish professions of the named entities, although the Misses Griffith are clearly indicated as hand colorists operating out of New York City. The street addresses listed above reflect identification printed on the commercial paper labels. In some instances, additional research revealed city or state of operation.","Slide lantern manufacturers also sold instruction manuals and mass-produced kits intended for amateur photographers, teachers, organizations, and educational institutions. Such kits included light sensitive lantern glass, clear cover glass, gummed paper masks, binding tape, and grooved wooden boxes for safe storage. Museums, schools and universities frequently created their own lantern slides for educational use. Photographic clubs emerged in American cities, offering lantern slide lectures and organizing slide exchanges. The slides in this collection that lack manufacturer, retailer or studio labels may be the products of such non-commercial endeavors.","Lantern slides created a new way to view both commercial and amateur photography. While the earliest photographic methods required an intimate viewership, the projection capabilities of the magic lantern allowed for a sizable audience. In the United States, the greatest impact of lantern slides was as a didactic tool and a form of entertainment.[url=#_ftn5][5][/url] Photographic lantern slides reached the peak of their popularity during the first third of the twentieth century, and dramatically impacted the development of animation technologies as well as visual-based education methods in fields such as anthropology, art history, and geography. As new photographic films emerged in the 1930s and 1940s, magic lantern shows became a rarity and ultimately obsolete.","[url=#_ftnref1][1][/url] John A. Tennant, ed.   The Photo-Miniature: A Magazine of Photographic Information  7:83 (Nov. 1907), 501-539.","[url=#_ftnref2][2][/url] Hasluck, 129-132.","[url=#_ftnref3][3][/url] Shepard, \"The Magic Lantern Slide,\" 105.  The company was purchased by the Mast Development Company in 1963.","[url=#_ftnref4][4][/url] David Robinson, et al., editors.   Encyclopaedia of the Magic Lantern   (London: The Magic Lantern Society, 2001),181-2.","[url=#_ftnref5][5][/url] Shepard, \"The Magic Lantern Slide,\" 91.","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-1995-06","/repositories/2/resources/391"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1902-1929, Date acquired: 00/00/1995"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Photographic lantern slide collection, 1902-1929, Date acquired: 00/00/1995"],"collection_title_tesim":["Photographic lantern slide collection, 1902-1929, Date acquired: 00/00/1995"],"collection_ssim":["Photographic lantern slide collection, 1902-1929, Date acquired: 00/00/1995"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"access_terms_ssm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donation"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Lantern slides"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Lantern slides"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["20.23 Linear Feet","39 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["20.23 Linear Feet","39 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFragile materials served by appointment. Gloves required.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Fragile materials served by appointment. Gloves required."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFive lantern slides measuring 1.75\" by 6.75\" donated to USF Special Collections on August 23, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"accruals_tesim":["Five lantern slides measuring 1.75\" by 6.75\" donated to USF Special Collections on August 23, 2023."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe slides have been issued inventory numbers; for item level description see printed document with the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The slides have been issued inventory numbers; for item level description see printed document with the collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe history of the lantern slide has its origins in seventeenth-century optical viewing devices which came to be known as \"magic lanterns\". The earliest slides for magic lanterns consisted of hand-painted images on glass, projected by itinerant showmen to amuse their audiences. In 1849, about ten years after the invention of photography, lantern slides began to be produced photographically.  Rapid improvements in photographic reproduction methods and more effective projection illuminants sparked the increased popularization of magic lantern slides.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e \nIn the United States, magic lantern shows were especially popular in formal education settings. From the 1850s, following the lead of the Philadelphia-based Langenheim Brothers, a growing number of slide manufacturers retained stock collections of negatives from which lantern slides could be produced, assembled into thematic boxed sets, and sold to consumers, including universities, companies, clubs and other social organizations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e \nThe vast majority of these commercial lantern slides were black-and-white positive images, created with the wet collodion or a dry gelatine process. Slide lantern photographers made either \"contact\" or \"reduction\" prints. They made contact prints by placing a negative over a piece of light-sensitive lantern glass and then developing the image by exposure under controlled light. For a reduction print, the photographer affixed the negative to a window with a clear view, and photographed the illuminated negative directly onto the light-senstive lantern glass with a camera. After the completion of the photographic process, slide makers often affixed a paper border to the lantern glass, covered it with a clear piece of protective glass, and then bound the glass \"sandwich\" together with tape. The paper borders often bore printed identification of the commercial studio. Less frequently, manufacturers employed professional colorists to apply pigment washes to the lantern glass image prior to labeling and binding.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e \nIn the 1930s and 1940s, less expensive film-based transparencies replaced glass lantern slides.  Commercial glass lantern slide firms and photographic studios disappeared or adapted to the new medium of 35 mm slides. [1] John Barnes. Catalogue of the Collection. Part 2: Optical Projection, The History of the Magic Lantern from the 17th to the 20th Century (St. Ives, Cornwall: Barnes Museum of Cinematography, 1970), 27-29. [2] Elizabeth Shepard. \"The Magic Lantern Slide in Entertainment and Education, 1860-1920.\" History of Photography 11: 2 (April-June 1987), 91. [3] Paul N. Hasluck. Optical Lanterns and Accessories: How to Make and Manage Them, Including Instructions on Making Slides (London: Cassell \u0026amp; Company, Ltd., 1901), 133-139.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The history of the lantern slide has its origins in seventeenth-century optical viewing devices which came to be known as \"magic lanterns\". The earliest slides for magic lanterns consisted of hand-painted images on glass, projected by itinerant showmen to amuse their audiences. In 1849, about ten years after the invention of photography, lantern slides began to be produced photographically.  Rapid improvements in photographic reproduction methods and more effective projection illuminants sparked the increased popularization of magic lantern slides."," \nIn the United States, magic lantern shows were especially popular in formal education settings. From the 1850s, following the lead of the Philadelphia-based Langenheim Brothers, a growing number of slide manufacturers retained stock collections of negatives from which lantern slides could be produced, assembled into thematic boxed sets, and sold to consumers, including universities, companies, clubs and other social organizations."," \nThe vast majority of these commercial lantern slides were black-and-white positive images, created with the wet collodion or a dry gelatine process. Slide lantern photographers made either \"contact\" or \"reduction\" prints. They made contact prints by placing a negative over a piece of light-sensitive lantern glass and then developing the image by exposure under controlled light. For a reduction print, the photographer affixed the negative to a window with a clear view, and photographed the illuminated negative directly onto the light-senstive lantern glass with a camera. After the completion of the photographic process, slide makers often affixed a paper border to the lantern glass, covered it with a clear piece of protective glass, and then bound the glass \"sandwich\" together with tape. The paper borders often bore printed identification of the commercial studio. Less frequently, manufacturers employed professional colorists to apply pigment washes to the lantern glass image prior to labeling and binding."," \nIn the 1930s and 1940s, less expensive film-based transparencies replaced glass lantern slides.  Commercial glass lantern slide firms and photographic studios disappeared or adapted to the new medium of 35 mm slides. [1] John Barnes. Catalogue of the Collection. Part 2: Optical Projection, The History of the Magic Lantern from the 17th to the 20th Century (St. Ives, Cornwall: Barnes Museum of Cinematography, 1970), 27-29. [2] Elizabeth Shepard. \"The Magic Lantern Slide in Entertainment and Education, 1860-1920.\" History of Photography 11: 2 (April-June 1987), 91. [3] Paul N. Hasluck. Optical Lanterns and Accessories: How to Make and Manage Them, Including Instructions on Making Slides (London: Cassell \u0026 Company, Ltd., 1901), 133-139."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003epublished\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Other Descriptive Information"],"odd_tesim":["published"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePhotographic Lantern Slide Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Photographic Lantern Slide Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLantern slides have their origins in optical projection devices dating to the seventeenth century, yet their widespread use did not begin until after the advent of the wet collodion photographic process by Frederick Scott Archer in the late 1840s. As the nineteenth century progressed, lantern slides with photographic images quickly became popular forms of public and private education and entertainment.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Photographic Lantern Slide collection is a source of visual imagery that spans the world in historical, architectural, cultural and agricultural subjects.  It represents one of the most popular categories of lantern slides, travel destinations.  It is international in scope, with scenes varying by locale, as indicated in the container listing. Many of the slides in this collection represent the sacred spaces of the Jewish, Buddhist, Christian and Muslim religions. Popular tourist destinations and historic sites are also prevalent, as are scenes of working people, housing structures, rural agriculture and transportation methods.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDocumentation pertaining to this collection is limited to information affixed to the slides. Studios, manufacturers and retailers are identified on printed or handwritten labels, and some slides bear dates ranging from 1902 to 1929.  The hand colorists known as \"the Misses Griffith\" are identified on a number of slides, yet in most instances, the photographer who took the picture and the date of the negative's creation are not indicated. Nonetheless, the collection documents the products of a number of photographers, manufacturers, retailers of optical supplies and hand colorists.  The collection is especially notable for its number of hand-colored lantern slides.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of photographic lantern slides sold in the United States in the early twentieth century were black and white, products of the wet collodion or a gelatine photographic process. Hand coloring required additional skilled labor, space and tools, and delayed the mass production of the slides. Its relationship to painting on china and glass meant that women often performed the skilled labor.  Transparent oil paints, aniline dyes or watercolors were most frequently used in the process, the slides sometimes baked in an oven to set the paint layers prior to subsequent pigment applications.  While the earliest hand-colored slides required the painter's experimentation with different pigments and dyes, by the early twentieth century, paint manufacturers produced sets of colors specifically designed for slide lantern use.[url=#_ftn1][1][/url]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOnce the photographic image was ready for assembly, the binders often applied a gummed opaque paper border (called a mask) to the glass negative and then topped it with a clear glass cover.  They then placed the two pieces of glass into a binding clamp and bound them together with gummed paper tape.[url=#_ftn2][2][/url]  Slides could then be individually sold or grouped into thematic sets, placed in grooved boxes, and distributed. Originally housed in the wooden boxes associated with glass negatives, the majority of the slides bearing the labels of individual manufacturers and studios, the Photographic Lantern Slide Collection is representative of such commercial sales.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the early twentieth century, various American companies sold thematic slide lecture sets. The Keystone View Company (1892-1963), founded by the amateur photographer B.L. Singley in Meadville, Pennsylvania, was one of the largest commercial suppliers.[url=#_ftn3][3][/url] The McAllister family was another leader in the magic lantern business, establishing operations in Philadelphia by 1846 and in New York by 1866.  Trading under the name McAllister-Keller Co., Inc. from 1917, the company continued to offer lantern slides and other supplies until 1942.[url=#_ftn4][4][/url] The photographer John Duer Scott and the colorist Edward Van Altena joined forces to create a New York-based business in 1904. Riley Optical was a British company specializing in slide and lantern manufacturing, which opened a New York branch by 1895. Williams, Brown and Earle primarily sold laboratory supplies and optical equipment, but also produced lantern slide sets.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe manufacturers, retailers, photographers, studios or colorists identified in this collection are:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBeseler Lantern Slide Company, 131 East 23\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003erd\u003c/emph\u003e Street, New York\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBrown and Dawson, Stamford, Connecticut\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDetroit Publishing Company, Detroit, Michigan\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eC. H. Graves Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMisses Griffith (colorists), New York, New York\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA. D. Handy, Boston, Massachusetts\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJoseph Hawkes, 108 Fulton Street, New York, New York\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMilton R. Holmes (photographer), Pennsylvania\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eW. C. Ives, New York, New York\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eKeystone View Company, Meadville, Pennsylvania\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eChas. W. Kimble, Trenton, New Jersey\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eT. H. McAllister-Keller Co., Inc., New York, New York\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMoore, Bond \u0026amp; Company, Chicago, Illinois\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Herman Rau, 1324 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRiley Optical, New York, New York\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohn Duer Scott (photographer), New York, New York\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eScott and Van Altena, 59 Pearl Street, New York, New York\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnderwood and Underwood, Washington, D. C.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEdward Van Altena, 71-79 West 45\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003eth\u003c/emph\u003e Street, New York, New York\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliams, Brown \u0026amp; Earle, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn most instances, the maker's identification labels do not distinguish professions of the named entities, although the Misses Griffith are clearly indicated as hand colorists operating out of New York City. The street addresses listed above reflect identification printed on the commercial paper labels. In some instances, additional research revealed city or state of operation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSlide lantern manufacturers also sold instruction manuals and mass-produced kits intended for amateur photographers, teachers, organizations, and educational institutions. Such kits included light sensitive lantern glass, clear cover glass, gummed paper masks, binding tape, and grooved wooden boxes for safe storage. Museums, schools and universities frequently created their own lantern slides for educational use. Photographic clubs emerged in American cities, offering lantern slide lectures and organizing slide exchanges. The slides in this collection that lack manufacturer, retailer or studio labels may be the products of such non-commercial endeavors.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLantern slides created a new way to view both commercial and amateur photography. While the earliest photographic methods required an intimate viewership, the projection capabilities of the magic lantern allowed for a sizable audience. In the United States, the greatest impact of lantern slides was as a didactic tool and a form of entertainment.[url=#_ftn5][5][/url] Photographic lantern slides reached the peak of their popularity during the first third of the twentieth century, and dramatically impacted the development of animation technologies as well as visual-based education methods in fields such as anthropology, art history, and geography. As new photographic films emerged in the 1930s and 1940s, magic lantern shows became a rarity and ultimately obsolete.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[url=#_ftnref1][1][/url] John A. Tennant, ed.  \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Photo-Miniature: A Magazine of Photographic Information\u003c/emph\u003e 7:83 (Nov. 1907), 501-539.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[url=#_ftnref2][2][/url] Hasluck, 129-132.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[url=#_ftnref3][3][/url] Shepard, \"The Magic Lantern Slide,\" 105.  The company was purchased by the Mast Development Company in 1963.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[url=#_ftnref4][4][/url] David Robinson, et al., editors.  \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEncyclopaedia of the Magic Lantern  \u003c/emph\u003e(London: The Magic Lantern Society, 2001),181-2.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[url=#_ftnref5][5][/url] Shepard, \"The Magic Lantern Slide,\" 91.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Lantern slides have their origins in optical projection devices dating to the seventeenth century, yet their widespread use did not begin until after the advent of the wet collodion photographic process by Frederick Scott Archer in the late 1840s. As the nineteenth century progressed, lantern slides with photographic images quickly became popular forms of public and private education and entertainment.","The Photographic Lantern Slide collection is a source of visual imagery that spans the world in historical, architectural, cultural and agricultural subjects.  It represents one of the most popular categories of lantern slides, travel destinations.  It is international in scope, with scenes varying by locale, as indicated in the container listing. Many of the slides in this collection represent the sacred spaces of the Jewish, Buddhist, Christian and Muslim religions. Popular tourist destinations and historic sites are also prevalent, as are scenes of working people, housing structures, rural agriculture and transportation methods.","Documentation pertaining to this collection is limited to information affixed to the slides. Studios, manufacturers and retailers are identified on printed or handwritten labels, and some slides bear dates ranging from 1902 to 1929.  The hand colorists known as \"the Misses Griffith\" are identified on a number of slides, yet in most instances, the photographer who took the picture and the date of the negative's creation are not indicated. Nonetheless, the collection documents the products of a number of photographers, manufacturers, retailers of optical supplies and hand colorists.  The collection is especially notable for its number of hand-colored lantern slides.","The bulk of photographic lantern slides sold in the United States in the early twentieth century were black and white, products of the wet collodion or a gelatine photographic process. Hand coloring required additional skilled labor, space and tools, and delayed the mass production of the slides. Its relationship to painting on china and glass meant that women often performed the skilled labor.  Transparent oil paints, aniline dyes or watercolors were most frequently used in the process, the slides sometimes baked in an oven to set the paint layers prior to subsequent pigment applications.  While the earliest hand-colored slides required the painter's experimentation with different pigments and dyes, by the early twentieth century, paint manufacturers produced sets of colors specifically designed for slide lantern use.[url=#_ftn1][1][/url]","Once the photographic image was ready for assembly, the binders often applied a gummed opaque paper border (called a mask) to the glass negative and then topped it with a clear glass cover.  They then placed the two pieces of glass into a binding clamp and bound them together with gummed paper tape.[url=#_ftn2][2][/url]  Slides could then be individually sold or grouped into thematic sets, placed in grooved boxes, and distributed. Originally housed in the wooden boxes associated with glass negatives, the majority of the slides bearing the labels of individual manufacturers and studios, the Photographic Lantern Slide Collection is representative of such commercial sales.","In the early twentieth century, various American companies sold thematic slide lecture sets. The Keystone View Company (1892-1963), founded by the amateur photographer B.L. Singley in Meadville, Pennsylvania, was one of the largest commercial suppliers.[url=#_ftn3][3][/url] The McAllister family was another leader in the magic lantern business, establishing operations in Philadelphia by 1846 and in New York by 1866.  Trading under the name McAllister-Keller Co., Inc. from 1917, the company continued to offer lantern slides and other supplies until 1942.[url=#_ftn4][4][/url] The photographer John Duer Scott and the colorist Edward Van Altena joined forces to create a New York-based business in 1904. Riley Optical was a British company specializing in slide and lantern manufacturing, which opened a New York branch by 1895. Williams, Brown and Earle primarily sold laboratory supplies and optical equipment, but also produced lantern slide sets.","The manufacturers, retailers, photographers, studios or colorists identified in this collection are:","Beseler Lantern Slide Company, 131 East 23 rd  Street, New York","Brown and Dawson, Stamford, Connecticut","Detroit Publishing Company, Detroit, Michigan","C. H. Graves Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","Misses Griffith (colorists), New York, New York","A. D. Handy, Boston, Massachusetts","Joseph Hawkes, 108 Fulton Street, New York, New York","Milton R. Holmes (photographer), Pennsylvania","W. C. Ives, New York, New York","Keystone View Company, Meadville, Pennsylvania","Chas. W. Kimble, Trenton, New Jersey","T. H. McAllister-Keller Co., Inc., New York, New York","Moore, Bond \u0026 Company, Chicago, Illinois","William Herman Rau, 1324 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","Riley Optical, New York, New York","John Duer Scott (photographer), New York, New York","Scott and Van Altena, 59 Pearl Street, New York, New York","Underwood and Underwood, Washington, D. C.","Edward Van Altena, 71-79 West 45 th  Street, New York, New York","Williams, Brown \u0026 Earle, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","In most instances, the maker's identification labels do not distinguish professions of the named entities, although the Misses Griffith are clearly indicated as hand colorists operating out of New York City. The street addresses listed above reflect identification printed on the commercial paper labels. In some instances, additional research revealed city or state of operation.","Slide lantern manufacturers also sold instruction manuals and mass-produced kits intended for amateur photographers, teachers, organizations, and educational institutions. Such kits included light sensitive lantern glass, clear cover glass, gummed paper masks, binding tape, and grooved wooden boxes for safe storage. Museums, schools and universities frequently created their own lantern slides for educational use. Photographic clubs emerged in American cities, offering lantern slide lectures and organizing slide exchanges. The slides in this collection that lack manufacturer, retailer or studio labels may be the products of such non-commercial endeavors.","Lantern slides created a new way to view both commercial and amateur photography. While the earliest photographic methods required an intimate viewership, the projection capabilities of the magic lantern allowed for a sizable audience. In the United States, the greatest impact of lantern slides was as a didactic tool and a form of entertainment.[url=#_ftn5][5][/url] Photographic lantern slides reached the peak of their popularity during the first third of the twentieth century, and dramatically impacted the development of animation technologies as well as visual-based education methods in fields such as anthropology, art history, and geography. As new photographic films emerged in the 1930s and 1940s, magic lantern shows became a rarity and ultimately obsolete.","[url=#_ftnref1][1][/url] John A. Tennant, ed.   The Photo-Miniature: A Magazine of Photographic Information  7:83 (Nov. 1907), 501-539.","[url=#_ftnref2][2][/url] Hasluck, 129-132.","[url=#_ftnref3][3][/url] Shepard, \"The Magic Lantern Slide,\" 105.  The company was purchased by the Mast Development Company in 1963.","[url=#_ftnref4][4][/url] David Robinson, et al., editors.   Encyclopaedia of the Magic Lantern   (London: The Magic Lantern Society, 2001),181-2.","[url=#_ftnref5][5][/url] Shepard, \"The Magic Lantern Slide,\" 91."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0;The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2479,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"18ce43a3c782b797db9fa781","timestamp":"2026-06-19T03:16:57.188Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/18ce43a3c782b797db9fa781_aspace_178005"}},{"id":"731b674a396f199a6d388d63_aspace_55c23a066e7d721e8281b7fb26f8ce9c","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Withlacoochee Project","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/731b674a396f199a6d388d63_aspace_55c23a066e7d721e8281b7fb26f8ce9c#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_55c23a066e7d721e8281b7fb26f8ce9c","ref_ssm":["aspace_55c23a066e7d721e8281b7fb26f8ce9c","aspace_55c23a066e7d721e8281b7fb26f8ce9c"],"id":"731b674a396f199a6d388d63_aspace_55c23a066e7d721e8281b7fb26f8ce9c","title_filing_ssi":"Withlacoochee Project","title_ssm":["Withlacoochee Project"],"title_tesim":["Withlacoochee Project"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Withlacoochee Project"],"text":["Withlacoochee Project","Congressman James A. Haley Collection, 1948-1977","U.S. Congressional Papers","/repositories/2/archival_objects/29744","box 330"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["731b674a396f199a6d388d63","731b674a396f199a6d388d63_aspace_5741d34efd25f269c0c7a777de774a22"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Congressman James A. Haley Collection, 1948-1977","U.S. Congressional Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Congressman James A. Haley Collection, 1948-1977","U.S. Congressional Papers"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Subgroup"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/2/archival_objects/29744"],"repository_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Congressman James A. Haley Collection, 1948-1977"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":4271,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to\nunprocessed born digital materials."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The Congressman James A. Haley Papers are owned by Florida Southern College. This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by\nthe copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Please inquire if you have questions -\narchives@flsouthern.edu. ","Constituent Correspondence files are restricted from publication until 2052"],"containers_ssim":["box 330"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#552","_nest_parent_":"731b674a396f199a6d388d63_aspace_5741d34efd25f269c0c7a777de774a22","_root_":"731b674a396f199a6d388d63","_version_":1875924461057736704,"timestamp":"2026-09-10T06:16:17.977Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"731b674a396f199a6d388d63","title_ssm":["Congressman James A. Haley Collection"],"title_tesim":["Congressman James A. Haley Collection"],"ead_ssi":"731b674a396f199a6d388d63","unitdate_ssm":["1948-1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1948-1977"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS1040","/repositories/2/resources/17"],"text":["MS1040","/repositories/2/resources/17","Congressman James A. Haley Collection, 1948-1977","Washington D.C.","Florida--Politics","Lakeland and Polk County Politics","United States. Congress","House of Representatives--Florida--State Legislature","Circus--management","Correspondence","Clippings","Speeches","This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to\nunprocessed born digital materials.","The materials in this collection were maintained by the subject's staff by issue and date. With some modifications allowing for clarity, they have been arranged in a similar fashion. However, you will find that individual issues may appear under multiple subject headings. For example, \"Watergate\" may\nappear under its own heading as well as under \"Richard Nixon\" or \"Nixon Administration.\" Please note that even though the files are arranged by issue, some correspondence might also be located in \"catch-all\" categories such as \"Haley Bills: Master File: 83rd Congress: 1953-1954,\"\n\"Correspondence: 19XX,\" to use but two examples.","James A. Haley, as chairman of the House Interior Committee during the 1970s, was instrumental in the creation of Big Cypress National Preserve. Franklin Adams lobbied for the establishment of the Big Cypress National Preserve along with many other environmental issues. The Franklin Adams Papers are housed at Florida International University. The Franklin Adams Collection, SPC9000, at Florida International University, Miami. ","James Andrew Haley (January 4, 1899 – August 6, 1981) was a U.S. Representative from Florida. Born in Jacksonville, Alabama, Haley attended the public schools and the University of Alabama. He served in the U.S. Army during World War I, and saw combat in France. He was an accountant in Sarasota, Florida, from 1920 to 1933 and served as general manager of the John Ringling estate from 1933 to 1943.\nOn December 4, 1942, Haley married Aubrey Ringling (née Aubrey Barlow Black), the widow of Richard T. Ringling who had died in 1931. Richard Ringling was the son of one of the original Ringling brothers. From 1943 to 1945, he was the first vice president of Ringling Circus and president and\ndirector of Ringling Brothers, Barnum \u0026 Bailey. In 1944, a fire broke out at a Ringling Circus show in Hartford, Connecticut that killed 169 persons. As a result of the fire he and five other circus officials pleaded no contest to charges of involuntary manslaughter and were sentenced to prison. He served\neight months and in 1945 was returned to Florida, where he received a pardon from Governor Millard F. Caldwell. Upon his release from prison, Haley again served as president and director for the Ringling Bros. and Barnum and Bailey Circus of Sarasota from 1946 to 1948. He engaged in newspaper publishing and\nlater in general printing business. He served as chairman of the Democratic Executive Committee of Sarasota County 1935–1952. He was elected and served as member of the Florida House of Representatives from 1949 to 1952. He was a delegate to the Democratic National Conventions in 1952, 1956, and 1960.\nHaley was elected as a Democrat to the Eighty-third and to the eleven succeeding Congresses (January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1977). He was a member of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, the Hospital Subcommittee of the Veterans Affair Committee, and the Indian Affairs Subcommittee. He served as chairman of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs (Ninety-third\nand Ninety-fourth Congresses). Haley was not a candidate for reelection to the Ninety-fifth Congress in 1976.","Haley died in Sarasota on August 6, 1981 and was interred in Boca Raton Cemetery in Boca Raton,FL. The James A. Haley Veterans Hospital located in Tampa is named for him. ","Sources: U.S. House of Representatives Official Biography and Haley Papers biographical data, 2018","The James A. Haley Papers consist of his personal and political papers. Correspondence, clippings, newsletters, photographs, congressional reports, and awards from various civic and political organizations give insight into Haley's public interests. Photographs of his wife, the Circus and political\naffiliates uncover the many facets of Haley's life. A limited amount of biographical information, including news articles about his death, reflect on how this public figure kept his private life private. Of note is the\nseries about the Hartford Circus fire. ","The Papers are arranged in five collections: Personal, Hartford Circus Fire, Political, Florida House of Representatives, and U.S. Congressional.","The Personal papers, arranged alphabetically by format, consists of calendars, correspondence, newsletters, photographs, awards and other ephemera giving a broad look into Haley's life in and out of office. A limited amount of biographical information, including news articles about his death, is included.","Haley Papers\nCorrespondence, newsletters, and awards from various civic and political organizations show the range of Haley's public interests while the invitations he accepted give a sense of the social life of a congressman in the 1950s-1970s. Congratulatory messages may give insight into who he counted\namong his political allies. The correspondence in this series, 1940-1981, the bulk of which are letters from Haley's time in the U.S. House of Representative (1953-1976) is of a general nature and may not be of a specific topic, but often must still be viewed as official. Since Haley was a public figure, the materials in this series should be viewed in the context that public figures kept their private life private.","The ephemera is mostly three-dimensional objects from Haley's office. The photographs within this series are also generally of an official nature. They are arranged by subject. Of particular note are the\nphotographs of Haley with several U.S. Presidents. Please see a digital exhibit at\nhttp://www.flsouthern.edu/library/mckay-archives/digital-exhibits/haley-presidents.aspx.","The Hartford Circus Fire collection encompasses documentation of the burning of a tent at the Ringling Bros. and Barnum \u0026 Baily Circus in Hartford, Connecticut on July 6, 1944, the loss of 150 lives, and the resulting trial. As first vice president of the Company, James A. Haley took responsibility, was found\nguilty of manslaughter, and served time in a federal prison. The documentation is comprised of, but not limited to, correspondence, news clippings, financial documents and court records. Correspondence takes the form of letters and telegrams with topics between Haley and staff and Haley and lawyers about what happened in the fire and with the trial. There are also letters to Haley while he is in jail, mostly regarding his personal health and welfare. There are extensive newspaper clippings about the fire and the trial. Corporate information includes circus routes, minutes and by-laws. The financial documents are extensive and record the financial standing of the circus, while Court Records consist of trial scripts, pleas, and scripts from the parole hearing. Anyone searching for general understanding of the events of the fire should look at the newspapers, and then the letters and telegrams.","The Political Papers collection concerns Haley's campaigns and party work. As a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, Haley was up for reelection every two years. The Campaign Files sub-series contains correspondence, government records, news articles, and other documents related to the subject's political campaigns between 1952 and 1974. Of special interest are the endorsements which how where and from whom he received his political support from.","The Democratic Party sub-collection reflects the subject's involvement with his political party. He served as a delegate to several Democratic National Conventions over the course of his career. He also took an interest in other political races throughout Florida and the nation. This series contains correspondence and newspaper articles concerning elections not specific to the subject, as well as general party information for candidates and booklets produced for the conventions.","The Florida House of Representatives collection encompass Haley's career as the State Representative for Sarasota County in the Florida House of Representatives. Haley held this office from 1948-1952. The materials are arranged in as logical order as possible. There was no discernable order prior to processing as the materials had been housed and rehoused several times since they were donated to the college. Of special note are the materials related to the Haley Committee Investigating Crime, which investigated political corruption and organized crime in the state. The collection also includes materials concerning state issues of the day, as well as issues specific to Sarasota County. Additionally, there are reference materials used by the subject in the performance of his duties. The Haley Committee on Investigating Crime sub-series contains transcripts of hearings, proceedings,\ncorrespondence, and news articles related to this committee, while the Issues sub-series is arranged Haley Papers\nalphabetically and contains correspondence, legislation, news articles, and reference material related to the respective issue. The Reference sub-series contain Florida House and Senate Bill Summaries, Legislative calendars, House and Senate Journals, and roll call votes. And, the Sarasota District subseries contain correspondence, reference materials, and news articles related specifically to that district.","The U.S. Congressional Papers, the largest collection, comprise the political aspects of Haley's US congressional career. The materials are arranged in alphabetical order created by his office. Haley held a seat representing the southwest coast and heartland of Florida from 1953-1977. The materials in this\nseries contain correspondence, articles, government documents, and photographs; they cover nearly every major issue to confront the United States during the 1950s through the 1970s. Of special note is the constituent correspondence, which are letters from citizens to Haley asking for information or help on a variety of topics. Letters and telegrams sent to Haley by citizens in his district give a sense of the\nviews of the general public concerning the issues of the era. Haley's views are expressed in his replies. The materials are arranged alphabetically by issue and date. This arrangement closely corresponds to how they were filed in the subject's office. Please note that even though the files are arranged by issue, some correspondence might also be located in \"catch-all\" categories such as \"Haley Bills: Master File: 83rd Congress: 1953-1954,\"\n\"Correspondence: 19XX,\" to use but two examples. ","The Congressman James A. Haley Papers are owned by Florida Southern College. This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by\nthe copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Please inquire if you have questions -\narchives@flsouthern.edu. ","Constituent Correspondence files are restricted from publication until 2052","The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections","Haley, James A., Congressman ","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS1040","/repositories/2/resources/17"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1948-1977"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Congressman James A. Haley Collection, 1948-1977"],"collection_title_tesim":["Congressman James A. Haley Collection, 1948-1977"],"collection_ssim":["Congressman James A. Haley Collection, 1948-1977"],"repository_ssm":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"repository_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Washington D.C."],"geogname_ssim":["Washington D.C."],"creator_ssm":["Haley, James A., Congressman "],"creator_ssim":["Haley, James A., Congressman "],"creator_persname_ssim":["Haley, James A., Congressman "],"creators_ssim":["Haley, James A., Congressman "],"places_ssim":["Washington D.C."],"access_terms_ssm":["The Congressman James A. Haley Papers are owned by Florida Southern College. This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by\nthe copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Please inquire if you have questions -\narchives@flsouthern.edu. ","Constituent Correspondence files are restricted from publication until 2052"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Florida--Politics","Lakeland and Polk County Politics","United States. Congress","House of Representatives--Florida--State Legislature","Circus--management","Correspondence","Clippings","Speeches"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Florida--Politics","Lakeland and Polk County Politics","United States. Congress","House of Representatives--Florida--State Legislature","Circus--management","Correspondence","Clippings","Speeches"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["150 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["150 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Clippings","Speeches"],"date_range_isim":[1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to\nunprocessed born digital materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to\nunprocessed born digital materials."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this collection were maintained by the subject's staff by issue and date. With some modifications allowing for clarity, they have been arranged in a similar fashion. However, you will find that individual issues may appear under multiple subject headings. For example, \"Watergate\" may\nappear under its own heading as well as under \"Richard Nixon\" or \"Nixon Administration.\" Please note that even though the files are arranged by issue, some correspondence might also be located in \"catch-all\" categories such as \"Haley Bills: Master File: 83rd Congress: 1953-1954,\"\n\"Correspondence: 19XX,\" to use but two examples.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJames A. Haley, as chairman of the House Interior Committee during the 1970s, was instrumental in the creation of Big Cypress National Preserve. Franklin Adams lobbied for the establishment of the Big Cypress National Preserve along with many other environmental issues. The Franklin Adams Papers are housed at Florida International University. The Franklin Adams Collection, SPC9000, at Florida International University, Miami. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The materials in this collection were maintained by the subject's staff by issue and date. With some modifications allowing for clarity, they have been arranged in a similar fashion. However, you will find that individual issues may appear under multiple subject headings. For example, \"Watergate\" may\nappear under its own heading as well as under \"Richard Nixon\" or \"Nixon Administration.\" Please note that even though the files are arranged by issue, some correspondence might also be located in \"catch-all\" categories such as \"Haley Bills: Master File: 83rd Congress: 1953-1954,\"\n\"Correspondence: 19XX,\" to use but two examples.","James A. Haley, as chairman of the House Interior Committee during the 1970s, was instrumental in the creation of Big Cypress National Preserve. Franklin Adams lobbied for the establishment of the Big Cypress National Preserve along with many other environmental issues. The Franklin Adams Papers are housed at Florida International University. The Franklin Adams Collection, SPC9000, at Florida International University, Miami. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Andrew Haley (January 4, 1899 \u0026#x2013; August 6, 1981) was a U.S. Representative from Florida. Born in Jacksonville, Alabama, Haley attended the public schools and the University of Alabama. He served in the U.S. Army during World War I, and saw combat in France. He was an accountant in Sarasota, Florida, from 1920 to 1933 and served as general manager of the John Ringling estate from 1933 to 1943.\nOn December 4, 1942, Haley married Aubrey Ringling (n\u0026#xE9;e Aubrey Barlow Black), the widow of Richard T. Ringling who had died in 1931. Richard Ringling was the son of one of the original Ringling brothers. From 1943 to 1945, he was the first vice president of Ringling Circus and president and\ndirector of Ringling Brothers, Barnum \u0026amp; Bailey. In 1944, a fire broke out at a Ringling Circus show in Hartford, Connecticut that killed 169 persons. As a result of the fire he and five other circus officials pleaded no contest to charges of involuntary manslaughter and were sentenced to prison. He served\neight months and in 1945 was returned to Florida, where he received a pardon from Governor Millard F. Caldwell. Upon his release from prison, Haley again served as president and director for the Ringling Bros. and Barnum and Bailey Circus of Sarasota from 1946 to 1948. He engaged in newspaper publishing and\nlater in general printing business. He served as chairman of the Democratic Executive Committee of Sarasota County 1935\u0026#x2013;1952. He was elected and served as member of the Florida House of Representatives from 1949 to 1952. He was a delegate to the Democratic National Conventions in 1952, 1956, and 1960.\nHaley was elected as a Democrat to the Eighty-third and to the eleven succeeding Congresses (January 3, 1953 \u0026#x2013; January 3, 1977). He was a member of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, the Hospital Subcommittee of the Veterans Affair Committee, and the Indian Affairs Subcommittee. He served as chairman of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs (Ninety-third\nand Ninety-fourth Congresses). Haley was not a candidate for reelection to the Ninety-fifth Congress in 1976.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHaley died in Sarasota on August 6, 1981 and was interred in Boca Raton Cemetery in Boca Raton,FL. The James A. Haley Veterans Hospital located in Tampa is named for him. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources: U.S. House of Representatives Official Biography and Haley Papers biographical data, 2018\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Andrew Haley (January 4, 1899 – August 6, 1981) was a U.S. Representative from Florida. Born in Jacksonville, Alabama, Haley attended the public schools and the University of Alabama. He served in the U.S. Army during World War I, and saw combat in France. He was an accountant in Sarasota, Florida, from 1920 to 1933 and served as general manager of the John Ringling estate from 1933 to 1943.\nOn December 4, 1942, Haley married Aubrey Ringling (née Aubrey Barlow Black), the widow of Richard T. Ringling who had died in 1931. Richard Ringling was the son of one of the original Ringling brothers. From 1943 to 1945, he was the first vice president of Ringling Circus and president and\ndirector of Ringling Brothers, Barnum \u0026 Bailey. In 1944, a fire broke out at a Ringling Circus show in Hartford, Connecticut that killed 169 persons. As a result of the fire he and five other circus officials pleaded no contest to charges of involuntary manslaughter and were sentenced to prison. He served\neight months and in 1945 was returned to Florida, where he received a pardon from Governor Millard F. Caldwell. Upon his release from prison, Haley again served as president and director for the Ringling Bros. and Barnum and Bailey Circus of Sarasota from 1946 to 1948. He engaged in newspaper publishing and\nlater in general printing business. He served as chairman of the Democratic Executive Committee of Sarasota County 1935–1952. He was elected and served as member of the Florida House of Representatives from 1949 to 1952. He was a delegate to the Democratic National Conventions in 1952, 1956, and 1960.\nHaley was elected as a Democrat to the Eighty-third and to the eleven succeeding Congresses (January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1977). He was a member of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, the Hospital Subcommittee of the Veterans Affair Committee, and the Indian Affairs Subcommittee. He served as chairman of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs (Ninety-third\nand Ninety-fourth Congresses). Haley was not a candidate for reelection to the Ninety-fifth Congress in 1976.","Haley died in Sarasota on August 6, 1981 and was interred in Boca Raton Cemetery in Boca Raton,FL. The James A. Haley Veterans Hospital located in Tampa is named for him. ","Sources: U.S. House of Representatives Official Biography and Haley Papers biographical data, 2018"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe James A. Haley Papers consist of his personal and political papers. Correspondence, clippings, newsletters, photographs, congressional reports, and awards from various civic and political organizations give insight into Haley's public interests. Photographs of his wife, the Circus and political\naffiliates uncover the many facets of Haley's life. A limited amount of biographical information, including news articles about his death, reflect on how this public figure kept his private life private. Of note is the\nseries about the Hartford Circus fire. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Papers are arranged in five collections: Personal, Hartford Circus Fire, Political, Florida House of Representatives, and U.S. Congressional.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Personal papers, arranged alphabetically by format, consists of calendars, correspondence, newsletters, photographs, awards and other ephemera giving a broad look into Haley's life in and out of office. A limited amount of biographical information, including news articles about his death, is included.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHaley Papers\nCorrespondence, newsletters, and awards from various civic and political organizations show the range of Haley's public interests while the invitations he accepted give a sense of the social life of a congressman in the 1950s-1970s. Congratulatory messages may give insight into who he counted\namong his political allies. The correspondence in this series, 1940-1981, the bulk of which are letters from Haley's time in the U.S. House of Representative (1953-1976) is of a general nature and may not be of a specific topic, but often must still be viewed as official. Since Haley was a public figure, the materials in this series should be viewed in the context that public figures kept their private life private.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe ephemera is mostly three-dimensional objects from Haley's office. The photographs within this series are also generally of an official nature. They are arranged by subject. Of particular note are the\nphotographs of Haley with several U.S. Presidents. Please see a digital exhibit at\nhttp://www.flsouthern.edu/library/mckay-archives/digital-exhibits/haley-presidents.aspx.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Hartford Circus Fire collection encompasses documentation of the burning of a tent at the Ringling Bros. and Barnum \u0026amp; Baily Circus in Hartford, Connecticut on July 6, 1944, the loss of 150 lives, and the resulting trial. As first vice president of the Company, James A. Haley took responsibility, was found\nguilty of manslaughter, and served time in a federal prison. The documentation is comprised of, but not limited to, correspondence, news clippings, financial documents and court records. Correspondence takes the form of letters and telegrams with topics between Haley and staff and Haley and lawyers about what happened in the fire and with the trial. There are also letters to Haley while he is in jail, mostly regarding his personal health and welfare. There are extensive newspaper clippings about the fire and the trial. Corporate information includes circus routes, minutes and by-laws. The financial documents are extensive and record the financial standing of the circus, while Court Records consist of trial scripts, pleas, and scripts from the parole hearing. Anyone searching for general understanding of the events of the fire should look at the newspapers, and then the letters and telegrams.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Political Papers collection concerns Haley's campaigns and party work. As a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, Haley was up for reelection every two years. The Campaign Files sub-series contains correspondence, government records, news articles, and other documents related to the subject's political campaigns between 1952 and 1974. Of special interest are the endorsements which how where and from whom he received his political support from.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Democratic Party sub-collection reflects the subject's involvement with his political party. He served as a delegate to several Democratic National Conventions over the course of his career. He also took an interest in other political races throughout Florida and the nation. This series contains correspondence and newspaper articles concerning elections not specific to the subject, as well as general party information for candidates and booklets produced for the conventions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Florida House of Representatives collection encompass Haley's career as the State Representative for Sarasota County in the Florida House of Representatives. Haley held this office from 1948-1952. The materials are arranged in as logical order as possible. There was no discernable order prior to processing as the materials had been housed and rehoused several times since they were donated to the college. Of special note are the materials related to the Haley Committee Investigating Crime, which investigated political corruption and organized crime in the state. The collection also includes materials concerning state issues of the day, as well as issues specific to Sarasota County. Additionally, there are reference materials used by the subject in the performance of his duties. The Haley Committee on Investigating Crime sub-series contains transcripts of hearings, proceedings,\ncorrespondence, and news articles related to this committee, while the Issues sub-series is arranged Haley Papers\nalphabetically and contains correspondence, legislation, news articles, and reference material related to the respective issue. The Reference sub-series contain Florida House and Senate Bill Summaries, Legislative calendars, House and Senate Journals, and roll call votes. And, the Sarasota District subseries contain correspondence, reference materials, and news articles related specifically to that district.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe U.S. Congressional Papers, the largest collection, comprise the political aspects of Haley's US congressional career. The materials are arranged in alphabetical order created by his office. Haley held a seat representing the southwest coast and heartland of Florida from 1953-1977. The materials in this\nseries contain correspondence, articles, government documents, and photographs; they cover nearly every major issue to confront the United States during the 1950s through the 1970s. Of special note is the constituent correspondence, which are letters from citizens to Haley asking for information or help on a variety of topics. Letters and telegrams sent to Haley by citizens in his district give a sense of the\nviews of the general public concerning the issues of the era. Haley's views are expressed in his replies. The materials are arranged alphabetically by issue and date. This arrangement closely corresponds to how they were filed in the subject's office. Please note that even though the files are arranged by issue, some correspondence might also be located in \"catch-all\" categories such as \"Haley Bills: Master File: 83rd Congress: 1953-1954,\"\n\"Correspondence: 19XX,\" to use but two examples. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The James A. Haley Papers consist of his personal and political papers. Correspondence, clippings, newsletters, photographs, congressional reports, and awards from various civic and political organizations give insight into Haley's public interests. Photographs of his wife, the Circus and political\naffiliates uncover the many facets of Haley's life. A limited amount of biographical information, including news articles about his death, reflect on how this public figure kept his private life private. Of note is the\nseries about the Hartford Circus fire. ","The Papers are arranged in five collections: Personal, Hartford Circus Fire, Political, Florida House of Representatives, and U.S. Congressional.","The Personal papers, arranged alphabetically by format, consists of calendars, correspondence, newsletters, photographs, awards and other ephemera giving a broad look into Haley's life in and out of office. A limited amount of biographical information, including news articles about his death, is included.","Haley Papers\nCorrespondence, newsletters, and awards from various civic and political organizations show the range of Haley's public interests while the invitations he accepted give a sense of the social life of a congressman in the 1950s-1970s. Congratulatory messages may give insight into who he counted\namong his political allies. The correspondence in this series, 1940-1981, the bulk of which are letters from Haley's time in the U.S. House of Representative (1953-1976) is of a general nature and may not be of a specific topic, but often must still be viewed as official. Since Haley was a public figure, the materials in this series should be viewed in the context that public figures kept their private life private.","The ephemera is mostly three-dimensional objects from Haley's office. The photographs within this series are also generally of an official nature. They are arranged by subject. Of particular note are the\nphotographs of Haley with several U.S. Presidents. Please see a digital exhibit at\nhttp://www.flsouthern.edu/library/mckay-archives/digital-exhibits/haley-presidents.aspx.","The Hartford Circus Fire collection encompasses documentation of the burning of a tent at the Ringling Bros. and Barnum \u0026 Baily Circus in Hartford, Connecticut on July 6, 1944, the loss of 150 lives, and the resulting trial. As first vice president of the Company, James A. Haley took responsibility, was found\nguilty of manslaughter, and served time in a federal prison. The documentation is comprised of, but not limited to, correspondence, news clippings, financial documents and court records. Correspondence takes the form of letters and telegrams with topics between Haley and staff and Haley and lawyers about what happened in the fire and with the trial. There are also letters to Haley while he is in jail, mostly regarding his personal health and welfare. There are extensive newspaper clippings about the fire and the trial. Corporate information includes circus routes, minutes and by-laws. The financial documents are extensive and record the financial standing of the circus, while Court Records consist of trial scripts, pleas, and scripts from the parole hearing. Anyone searching for general understanding of the events of the fire should look at the newspapers, and then the letters and telegrams.","The Political Papers collection concerns Haley's campaigns and party work. As a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, Haley was up for reelection every two years. The Campaign Files sub-series contains correspondence, government records, news articles, and other documents related to the subject's political campaigns between 1952 and 1974. Of special interest are the endorsements which how where and from whom he received his political support from.","The Democratic Party sub-collection reflects the subject's involvement with his political party. He served as a delegate to several Democratic National Conventions over the course of his career. He also took an interest in other political races throughout Florida and the nation. This series contains correspondence and newspaper articles concerning elections not specific to the subject, as well as general party information for candidates and booklets produced for the conventions.","The Florida House of Representatives collection encompass Haley's career as the State Representative for Sarasota County in the Florida House of Representatives. Haley held this office from 1948-1952. The materials are arranged in as logical order as possible. There was no discernable order prior to processing as the materials had been housed and rehoused several times since they were donated to the college. Of special note are the materials related to the Haley Committee Investigating Crime, which investigated political corruption and organized crime in the state. The collection also includes materials concerning state issues of the day, as well as issues specific to Sarasota County. Additionally, there are reference materials used by the subject in the performance of his duties. The Haley Committee on Investigating Crime sub-series contains transcripts of hearings, proceedings,\ncorrespondence, and news articles related to this committee, while the Issues sub-series is arranged Haley Papers\nalphabetically and contains correspondence, legislation, news articles, and reference material related to the respective issue. The Reference sub-series contain Florida House and Senate Bill Summaries, Legislative calendars, House and Senate Journals, and roll call votes. And, the Sarasota District subseries contain correspondence, reference materials, and news articles related specifically to that district.","The U.S. Congressional Papers, the largest collection, comprise the political aspects of Haley's US congressional career. The materials are arranged in alphabetical order created by his office. Haley held a seat representing the southwest coast and heartland of Florida from 1953-1977. The materials in this\nseries contain correspondence, articles, government documents, and photographs; they cover nearly every major issue to confront the United States during the 1950s through the 1970s. Of special note is the constituent correspondence, which are letters from citizens to Haley asking for information or help on a variety of topics. Letters and telegrams sent to Haley by citizens in his district give a sense of the\nviews of the general public concerning the issues of the era. Haley's views are expressed in his replies. The materials are arranged alphabetically by issue and date. This arrangement closely corresponds to how they were filed in the subject's office. Please note that even though the files are arranged by issue, some correspondence might also be located in \"catch-all\" categories such as \"Haley Bills: Master File: 83rd Congress: 1953-1954,\"\n\"Correspondence: 19XX,\" to use but two examples. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Congressman James A. Haley Papers are owned by Florida Southern College. This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by\nthe copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Please inquire if you have questions -\narchives@flsouthern.edu. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eConstituent Correspondence files are restricted from publication until 2052\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The Congressman James A. Haley Papers are owned by Florida Southern College. This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by\nthe copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Please inquire if you have questions -\narchives@flsouthern.edu. ","Constituent Correspondence files are restricted from publication until 2052"],"names_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections","Haley, James A., Congressman "],"corpname_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Haley, James A., Congressman "],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":4376,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1875924461057736704,"_root_":"731b674a396f199a6d388d63","timestamp":"2026-09-10T06:16:17.977Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/731b674a396f199a6d388d63_aspace_55c23a066e7d721e8281b7fb26f8ce9c"}},{"id":"b7ddc964c6f13a7e308f2280_aspace_126325","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Witness Materials, 1977-1993, undated","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/b7ddc964c6f13a7e308f2280_aspace_126325#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThe Witness Materials series includes witness lists, extensive witness files, and documents used in the compilation of lists of witnesses in the Shoney's case. 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Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Witness Materials series includes witness lists, extensive witness files, and documents used in the compilation of lists of witnesses in the Shoney's case. 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Papers"],"ead_ssi":"b7ddc964c6f13a7e308f2280","unitdate_ssm":["1959-1997","1990-1994"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1990-1994"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1959-1997"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 2004-001","/repositories/10/resources/728"],"text":["MSS 2004-001","/repositories/10/resources/728","Haynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers, 1959-1997, bulk 1990-1994","Discrimination in employment--United States--Case studies","Discrimination in restaurants--United States--Case studies","Race discrimination--United States","Shoney's Inc.--Personnel management","Interviews.","African Americans--Employment","Clippings (Books, newspapers, etc.)","Correspondence","Legal documents.","Notebooks.","Reports","Sound recordings.","Videocassettes.","This collection is open to all researchers. However, since many records contain personal information, such as Social Security numbers, researchers are requested to contact the Special Collections Department in advance of their visit so that staff may review these materials. The Applicant Claim Forms and Notice of Approval of Current or Former Employee Claims Series, because of the confidential nature of these materials, are closed until 2063. Users may access this collection at the Claude Pepper Library. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.","On April 4, 1989, Tallahassee (FL) attorney Tommy Warren and nine named plaintiffs, all former Shoneys and Captain Ds employees or job applicants, served Shoneys CEO, Ray Danner, and Shoneys, Inc. with a class-action suit alleging racial discrimination. The plaintiffs, represented by Warren and his co-counsel, civil rights attorney Barry Goldstein, sought more than half a billion dollars in back pay and punitive damages, in addition to a court-ordered affirmative action plan, to counteract claims of years of racially discriminatory company policy. Witnesses, such as Josephine Haynes, included tens of thousands of workers, former workers, and frustrated job applicants, who said they lost jobs, were denied jobs, or were not given opportunities at Shoneys for even the lowest-paying jobs because they were African-Americans. Other witnesses included lower level white managers, who testified that they were fired because they wouldnt follow company orders to reduce the number of African-Americans. Many said they were instructed to carry out a corporate strategy that was directed by the Companys founder and CEO, Ray Danner, not found in any Shoneys procedure manuals. During the course of the litigation, which lasted from 1989-1993, many allegations were made under oath, and entered into the court record that race discrimination at Shoneys was standard operating procedure and had existed during the entire time Ray Danner ran the company. Danner continually denied these allegations throughout the case.\nBy the time the case concluded in 1993, the total cost of the Shoneys settlement was $132.5 million, which was the plaintiffs final compromise figure and the largest ever in a racial discrimination case. In addition, Ray Danner personally contributed approximately $65 million to the settlement. This payment by an individual defendant was unprecedented in U.S. race discrimination cases. According to Steve Watkins The Black O, a book that documents the entire case, 28, 994 claims were submitted in the settlement. At Warren and Goldsteins insistence, that number was expanded beyond the scope of the class of discriminated individuals to include all of Shoneys divisions, except for the franchise stores, for the period from 1985 through November 3, 1992. Based on a complex formula approved by Judge Roger Vinson to determine the validity of those claims and the amount due each legitimate claimant, 20,909 people ultimately received money from the $105 million settlement pool. The plaintiffs attorneys spent nearly $2 million to notify these claimants about the settlement, an effort that the judge said was unmatched by any he had ever seen in a class-action case. Approximately $5 million from the settlement pool was designated for a special class of claimants, those who had been witnesses and named plaintiffs in the case. $10 million was earmarked for African-American former job applicants, and the bulk of the settlement, $90 million, went to incumbent African-American employees. Money left over when the settlement was completed, and after Shoneys final payment in 1998, was divided among five organizations: the United Negro College Fund, the Southern Poverty Law Center, the Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, the Washington Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, and Inroads, a group that works to increase management opportunities for minorities.\nIn the aftermath of the case, Shoneys complied with the affirmative action plan and significantly increased its hiring of restaurant managers, dining room supervisors, and servers of color. In 1995, the company brought in a new management team which greatly improved its position financially, and in hiring, promotion, and business opportunities for minoritized communities.\nNote written by","Partially funded by a National Publications and Records Commission grant, the collection was processed by Chad Underwood from March 2005 to October 2006.","The Haynes v. 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Among the materials included are all court pleadings and filings in the case, affidavits and declarations, challenges, consent decrees, correspondence, depositions, discovery documents, expert witness files, interrogatories, investigative files, newspaper and magazine articles, notebooks, orders, policies, press releases, questionnaires, reports, research materials, right-to-sue requests, settlement documents, shopper reports, surveys, visitation reports, and the deposition transcripts of over 150 witnesses, who document the history of the alleged discrimination of Shoneys, Inc and Ray Danner.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","Claude Pepper Library.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Thomas A. Warren Law Offices (Tallahassee, Fla.)","Danner, Raymond L.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 2004-001","/repositories/10/resources/728"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1959-1997, bulk 1990-1994"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Haynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers, 1959-1997, bulk 1990-1994"],"collection_title_tesim":["Haynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers, 1959-1997, bulk 1990-1994"],"collection_ssim":["Haynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers, 1959-1997, bulk 1990-1994"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Thomas A. 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However, since many records contain personal information, such as Social Security numbers, researchers are requested to contact the Special Collections Department in advance of their visit so that staff may review these materials. The Applicant Claim Forms and Notice of Approval of Current or Former Employee Claims Series, because of the confidential nature of these materials, are closed until 2063. Users may access this collection at the Claude Pepper Library. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOn April 4, 1989, Tallahassee (FL) attorney Tommy Warren and nine named plaintiffs, all former Shoneys and Captain Ds employees or job applicants, served Shoneys CEO, Ray Danner, and Shoneys, Inc. with a class-action suit alleging racial discrimination. The plaintiffs, represented by Warren and his co-counsel, civil rights attorney Barry Goldstein, sought more than half a billion dollars in back pay and punitive damages, in addition to a court-ordered affirmative action plan, to counteract claims of years of racially discriminatory company policy. Witnesses, such as Josephine Haynes, included tens of thousands of workers, former workers, and frustrated job applicants, who said they lost jobs, were denied jobs, or were not given opportunities at Shoneys for even the lowest-paying jobs because they were African-Americans. Other witnesses included lower level white managers, who testified that they were fired because they wouldnt follow company orders to reduce the number of African-Americans. Many said they were instructed to carry out a corporate strategy that was directed by the Companys founder and CEO, Ray Danner, not found in any Shoneys procedure manuals. During the course of the litigation, which lasted from 1989-1993, many allegations were made under oath, and entered into the court record that race discrimination at Shoneys was standard operating procedure and had existed during the entire time Ray Danner ran the company. Danner continually denied these allegations throughout the case.\nBy the time the case concluded in 1993, the total cost of the Shoneys settlement was $132.5 million, which was the plaintiffs final compromise figure and the largest ever in a racial discrimination case. In addition, Ray Danner personally contributed approximately $65 million to the settlement. This payment by an individual defendant was unprecedented in U.S. race discrimination cases. According to Steve Watkins The Black O, a book that documents the entire case, 28, 994 claims were submitted in the settlement. At Warren and Goldsteins insistence, that number was expanded beyond the scope of the class of discriminated individuals to include all of Shoneys divisions, except for the franchise stores, for the period from 1985 through November 3, 1992. Based on a complex formula approved by Judge Roger Vinson to determine the validity of those claims and the amount due each legitimate claimant, 20,909 people ultimately received money from the $105 million settlement pool. The plaintiffs attorneys spent nearly $2 million to notify these claimants about the settlement, an effort that the judge said was unmatched by any he had ever seen in a class-action case. Approximately $5 million from the settlement pool was designated for a special class of claimants, those who had been witnesses and named plaintiffs in the case. $10 million was earmarked for African-American former job applicants, and the bulk of the settlement, $90 million, went to incumbent African-American employees. Money left over when the settlement was completed, and after Shoneys final payment in 1998, was divided among five organizations: the United Negro College Fund, the Southern Poverty Law Center, the Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, the Washington Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, and Inroads, a group that works to increase management opportunities for minorities.\nIn the aftermath of the case, Shoneys complied with the affirmative action plan and significantly increased its hiring of restaurant managers, dining room supervisors, and servers of color. In 1995, the company brought in a new management team which greatly improved its position financially, and in hiring, promotion, and business opportunities for minoritized communities.\nNote written by\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["On April 4, 1989, Tallahassee (FL) attorney Tommy Warren and nine named plaintiffs, all former Shoneys and Captain Ds employees or job applicants, served Shoneys CEO, Ray Danner, and Shoneys, Inc. with a class-action suit alleging racial discrimination. The plaintiffs, represented by Warren and his co-counsel, civil rights attorney Barry Goldstein, sought more than half a billion dollars in back pay and punitive damages, in addition to a court-ordered affirmative action plan, to counteract claims of years of racially discriminatory company policy. Witnesses, such as Josephine Haynes, included tens of thousands of workers, former workers, and frustrated job applicants, who said they lost jobs, were denied jobs, or were not given opportunities at Shoneys for even the lowest-paying jobs because they were African-Americans. Other witnesses included lower level white managers, who testified that they were fired because they wouldnt follow company orders to reduce the number of African-Americans. Many said they were instructed to carry out a corporate strategy that was directed by the Companys founder and CEO, Ray Danner, not found in any Shoneys procedure manuals. During the course of the litigation, which lasted from 1989-1993, many allegations were made under oath, and entered into the court record that race discrimination at Shoneys was standard operating procedure and had existed during the entire time Ray Danner ran the company. Danner continually denied these allegations throughout the case.\nBy the time the case concluded in 1993, the total cost of the Shoneys settlement was $132.5 million, which was the plaintiffs final compromise figure and the largest ever in a racial discrimination case. In addition, Ray Danner personally contributed approximately $65 million to the settlement. This payment by an individual defendant was unprecedented in U.S. race discrimination cases. According to Steve Watkins The Black O, a book that documents the entire case, 28, 994 claims were submitted in the settlement. At Warren and Goldsteins insistence, that number was expanded beyond the scope of the class of discriminated individuals to include all of Shoneys divisions, except for the franchise stores, for the period from 1985 through November 3, 1992. Based on a complex formula approved by Judge Roger Vinson to determine the validity of those claims and the amount due each legitimate claimant, 20,909 people ultimately received money from the $105 million settlement pool. The plaintiffs attorneys spent nearly $2 million to notify these claimants about the settlement, an effort that the judge said was unmatched by any he had ever seen in a class-action case. Approximately $5 million from the settlement pool was designated for a special class of claimants, those who had been witnesses and named plaintiffs in the case. $10 million was earmarked for African-American former job applicants, and the bulk of the settlement, $90 million, went to incumbent African-American employees. Money left over when the settlement was completed, and after Shoneys final payment in 1998, was divided among five organizations: the United Negro College Fund, the Southern Poverty Law Center, the Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, the Washington Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, and Inroads, a group that works to increase management opportunities for minorities.\nIn the aftermath of the case, Shoneys complied with the affirmative action plan and significantly increased its hiring of restaurant managers, dining room supervisors, and servers of color. In 1995, the company brought in a new management team which greatly improved its position financially, and in hiring, promotion, and business opportunities for minoritized communities.\nNote written by"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHaynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. 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Among the materials included are all court pleadings and filings in the case, affidavits and declarations, challenges, consent decrees, correspondence, depositions, discovery documents, expert witness files, interrogatories, investigative files, newspaper and magazine articles, notebooks, orders, policies, press releases, questionnaires, reports, research materials, right-to-sue requests, settlement documents, shopper reports, surveys, visitation reports, and the deposition transcripts of over 150 witnesses, who document the history of the alleged discrimination of Shoneys, Inc and Ray Danner.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Haynes v. Shoneys Papers documents the largest racial discrimination class-action suit against a private employer in the history of civil rights law. The collection has significant historical and research value for American legal history and civil rights scholars. 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Among the materials included are all court pleadings and filings in the case, affidavits and declarations, challenges, consent decrees, correspondence, depositions, discovery documents, expert witness files, interrogatories, investigative files, newspaper and magazine articles, notebooks, orders, policies, press releases, questionnaires, reports, research materials, right-to-sue requests, settlement documents, shopper reports, surveys, visitation reports, and the deposition transcripts of over 150 witnesses, who document the history of the alleged discrimination of Shoneys, Inc and Ray Danner."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. 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Pohl earned virtually every significant award the field of science fiction offered, many of them more than once.\u0026#xA0; The World Science Fiction Society (WSFS) presented him with six Hugo awards, three for writing and three for editing.\u0026#xA0; The Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America (SFWA) recognized him with two Nebula awards, and in 1993 named him a SFWA Grand Master.\u0026#xA0; He was inducted into the Science Fiction Hall of Fame.\u0026#xA0; Beyond the field of science fiction, Pohl was a noted lecturer and writer in the fields of future studies and environmental studies.\u0026#xA0; He wrote nonfiction books and articles on topics ranging from global warming to the life of the Roman emperor Tiberius.\u0026#xA0; He was a Fellow of the British Interplanetary Society and the American Association for the Advancement of Science.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Frederik Pohl, American science fiction writer, editor, and anthologist, was born in Brooklyn, New York on November 26, 1919.  In a literary career spanning nearly seventy years, Pohl wrote more than 200 short stories and over 134 books, including 54 novels, 31 story collections, 1 graphic novel, and 6 nonfiction works, in addition to editing 42 anthologies.  From 1959 to 1969, Pohl edited the award-winning science fiction magazines  Galaxy  and  If.   He was executive editor for Ace Books, 1971 to 1973, and science fiction editor at Ballantine Books, 1973 to 1979.  He also served as president of the Science Fiction Writers of America from 1974 to 1976, and of World Science Fiction from 1980 to 1982. Pohl earned virtually every significant award the field of science fiction offered, many of them more than once.  The World Science Fiction Society (WSFS) presented him with six Hugo awards, three for writing and three for editing.  The Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America (SFWA) recognized him with two Nebula awards, and in 1993 named him a SFWA Grand Master.  He was inducted into the Science Fiction Hall of Fame.  Beyond the field of science fiction, Pohl was a noted lecturer and writer in the fields of future studies and environmental studies.  He wrote nonfiction books and articles on topics ranging from global warming to the life of the Roman emperor Tiberius.  He was a Fellow of the British Interplanetary Society and the American Association for the Advancement of Science."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003epublished\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Other Descriptive Information"],"odd_tesim":["published"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederick Pohl Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Frederick Pohl Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrederik Pohl Collection, Cushing Memorial Library, Texas A\u0026amp;M University, College Station, Texas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehttp://www.lib.utexas.edu/taro/tamucush/00213/tamu-00213.html\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePohl, Frederik. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Way the Future Was: A Memoir\u003c/emph\u003e. 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Print.","Pohl, Frederik.  O Pioneer!  New York: Tor, 1998. Print."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Pohl Papers are comprised principally of manuscripts, drafts, notes, proofs, and other documents relating to science fiction and nonfiction works written by Frederik Pohl.\u0026#xA0; The collection also includes correspondence, speeches given by Mr. Pohl, and reviews of his publications.\u0026#xA0; Although the earliest items date from 1952, most of the materials range from the early 1970s through 2005.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Pohl Papers are comprised principally of manuscripts, drafts, notes, proofs, and other documents relating to science fiction and nonfiction works written by Frederik Pohl.  The collection also includes correspondence, speeches given by Mr. Pohl, and reviews of his publications.  Although the earliest items date from 1952, most of the materials range from the early 1970s through 2005."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen for scholarly research use.\u0026#xA0; Copyright retained by Frederik Pohl. 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Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Pohl, Frederik George, Jr. (1919-2013)"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Pohl, Frederik George, Jr. (1919-2013)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":493,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"82c0014c0ee2a606387c6c13","timestamp":"2026-07-02T03:24:15.751Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/82c0014c0ee2a606387c6c13_aspace_86406"}},{"id":"ae4e9efba5260571ede19734_aspace_70421","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Women in History, 1792-2016","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/ae4e9efba5260571ede19734_aspace_70421#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_70421","ref_ssm":["aspace_70421","aspace_70421"],"id":"ae4e9efba5260571ede19734_aspace_70421","title_filing_ssi":"Women in History","title_ssm":["Women in History"],"title_tesim":["Women in History"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1792-2016"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1792-2016"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Women in History, 1792-2016"],"text":["Women in History, 1792-2016","Judith and Warren Kaplan Collection, Women's and Gender Studies, 1792-2016, bulk 1900-2000","4","/repositories/4/archival_objects/75688"],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["ae4e9efba5260571ede19734"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Judith and Warren Kaplan Collection, Women's and Gender Studies, 1792-2016, bulk 1900-2000"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Judith and Warren Kaplan Collection, Women's and Gender Studies, 1792-2016, bulk 1900-2000"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["4","/repositories/4/archival_objects/75688"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Judith and Warren Kaplan Collection, Women's and Gender Studies, 1792-2016, bulk 1900-2000"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":17,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":708,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research except for Box 34, which is closed until 2042."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"_nest_path_":"/components#3","_nest_parent_":"ae4e9efba5260571ede19734","_root_":"ae4e9efba5260571ede19734","timestamp":"2026-04-21T03:49:14.837Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"ae4e9efba5260571ede19734","title_ssm":["Judith and Warren Kaplan Collection, Women's and Gender Studies"],"title_tesim":["Judith and Warren Kaplan Collection, Women's and Gender Studies"],"ead_ssi":"ae4e9efba5260571ede19734","unitdate_ssm":["1792-2016","1900-2000"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1900-2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1792-2016"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 100","/repositories/4/resources/8"],"text":["SC 100","/repositories/4/resources/8","Judith and Warren Kaplan Collection, Women's and Gender Studies, 1792-2016, bulk 1900-2000","Stamp collecting","Suffrage","first day covers","The entire collection is open for research except for Box 34, which is closed until 2042.","The collection is divided into six series and is organized by type of materials, all of which relate to Women in History, both in the United States and around the world.","Judith \"Judy\" Kaplan was born on July 20, 1938, in Bronx, New York. She lived there until her marriage to Warren Kaplan in 1958 when they moved to Jackson Heights, Queens New York. She attended Hunter College, earning her BA in Psychology in 1960. Her working career included positions as life Insurance Agent, stock broker (NYSE), venture capital/private placements, starting TIPEX, Inc., in partnership with Warren, which became the largest dealer in an aspect of philately (stamp collecting) called First Day Covers. Judith joined the National Organization for Women (NOW) in the late 1960s, was active in NOW-NY, the founding chapter of NOW, and acted as fundraiser and treasurer. In the late 1970s Judy started Action Packets, later named Action Products International. From 1976-1980 she designed, produced and marketed the Women'’s History Series of First Day Covers by NOW-NY. In 1985 Judith became one of the first women to bring the company she founded public via an IPO on NASDAQ. Judy had started collecting first day covers about women's achievements and then added almost anything documenting women in history: postcards, books, autographed letters, original documents, and ephemera. Judith Kaplan passed away on May 4, 2024.","Collection was processed by John Settle and Nadeen Kiwan; finding aid was prepared by John Settle.\nFolder contents were kept intact, while some rearrangement of folders was conducted to group similar materials together. All paper materials have been placed in acid free pH neutral folders and stored in archival containers. Larger artwork and posters were also placed in acid free folders but are stored in archival flat files. Paper clips and staples have been removed and replaced with plastic clips. Photographs, First Day Covers, and postcards have been individually sleeved. Inventory revised by Asmara Cortes-Caba in 2024.","Judith and Warren Kaplan books can also be found by searching the series \"Judith and Warren Kaplan Collection\" in the UCF Library  Online Catalog.  \nOther collections concerning women and politics include  Beatrice B. Ettinger Papers ,  Phyllis J. Hudson Political Papers ,  Lynda Van Scoyoc Women's Political Caucus Collection ,  Democratic Women's Club of Florida, Inc. Collection , and  League of Women Voters of Volusia County.","Series I: Judith Kaplan Papers, 1960-2016, contains the personal files of Kaplan related to her business ventures and collecting efforts. Materials include academic files, business documents, correspondence, photographs, books, articles, speeches, event flyers, and promotional materials.","\nSeries II: Research Files, 1913-2016, contains materials compiled by Kaplan related to her research of Women's History, including articles, pamphlets, newspaper clippings, magazines, newsletters, artwork, and bookmarks.","\nSeries III: Postal Series, 1884-1997, contains a large number of stamps, First Day Covers, and postcards, allfeaturing women in history.","\nSeries IV: Women in History, 1792-2016, contains subject files related to various individual women in United States history.","\nSeries V: Artwork, ca. 1976-2013, contains original paintings and various artwork.","\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1915-2008, contains a wide variety of souvenirs and collectibles, including a large number of pins and buttons.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","Created by Judith and Warren Kaplan, the collection contains a wide variety of materials related to Women's History, with special emphasis on stamps, suffrage, and women of achievement in United States history.","UCF Special Collections","National Organization for Women","National Organization for Women. New York Chapter","National Women's History Museum (U.S.)","Kaplan, Judith","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 100","/repositories/4/resources/8"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1792-2016, bulk 1900-2000"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Judith and Warren Kaplan Collection, Women's and Gender Studies, 1792-2016, bulk 1900-2000"],"collection_title_tesim":["Judith and Warren Kaplan Collection, Women's and Gender Studies, 1792-2016, bulk 1900-2000"],"collection_ssim":["Judith and Warren Kaplan Collection, Women's and Gender Studies, 1792-2016, bulk 1900-2000"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Kaplan, Judith"],"creator_ssim":["Kaplan, Judith"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Kaplan, Judith"],"creators_ssim":["Kaplan, Judith"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Judith and Warren Kaplan donated these materials to the University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives in 2015 (CFM2015_01). Additional materials were donated in 2016 (CFM2016_11) and 2017 (CFM2017_01)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Stamp collecting","Suffrage","first day covers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Stamp collecting","Suffrage","first day covers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["25.1 Linear Feet 34 boxes, 1 flat file, 1 object"],"extent_tesim":["25.1 Linear Feet 34 boxes, 1 flat file, 1 object"],"genreform_ssim":["first day covers"],"date_range_isim":[1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research except for Box 34, which is closed until 2042.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research except for Box 34, which is closed until 2042."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into six series and is organized by type of materials, all of which relate to Women in History, both in the United States and around the world.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into six series and is organized by type of materials, all of which relate to Women in History, both in the United States and around the world."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJudith \"Judy\" Kaplan was born on July 20, 1938, in Bronx, New York. She lived there until her marriage to Warren Kaplan in 1958 when they moved to Jackson Heights, Queens New York. She attended Hunter College, earning her BA in Psychology in 1960. Her working career included positions as life Insurance Agent, stock broker (NYSE), venture capital/private placements, starting TIPEX, Inc., in partnership with Warren, which became the largest dealer in an aspect of philately (stamp collecting) called First Day Covers. Judith joined the National Organization for Women (NOW) in the late 1960s, was active in NOW-NY, the founding chapter of NOW, and acted as fundraiser and treasurer. In the late 1970s Judy started Action Packets, later named Action Products International. From 1976-1980 she designed, produced and marketed the Women'\u0026#x92;s History Series of First Day Covers by NOW-NY. In 1985 Judith became one of the first women to bring the company she founded public via an IPO on NASDAQ. Judy had started collecting first day covers about women's achievements and then added almost anything documenting women in history: postcards, books, autographed letters, original documents, and ephemera. Judith Kaplan passed away on May 4, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Judith \"Judy\" Kaplan was born on July 20, 1938, in Bronx, New York. She lived there until her marriage to Warren Kaplan in 1958 when they moved to Jackson Heights, Queens New York. She attended Hunter College, earning her BA in Psychology in 1960. Her working career included positions as life Insurance Agent, stock broker (NYSE), venture capital/private placements, starting TIPEX, Inc., in partnership with Warren, which became the largest dealer in an aspect of philately (stamp collecting) called First Day Covers. Judith joined the National Organization for Women (NOW) in the late 1960s, was active in NOW-NY, the founding chapter of NOW, and acted as fundraiser and treasurer. In the late 1970s Judy started Action Packets, later named Action Products International. From 1976-1980 she designed, produced and marketed the Women'’s History Series of First Day Covers by NOW-NY. In 1985 Judith became one of the first women to bring the company she founded public via an IPO on NASDAQ. Judy had started collecting first day covers about women's achievements and then added almost anything documenting women in history: postcards, books, autographed letters, original documents, and ephemera. Judith Kaplan passed away on May 4, 2024."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Judith and Warren Kaplan Collection, Women's and Gender Studies, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["The Judith and Warren Kaplan Collection, Women's and Gender Studies, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection was processed by John Settle and Nadeen Kiwan; finding aid was prepared by John Settle.\nFolder contents were kept intact, while some rearrangement of folders was conducted to group similar materials together. All paper materials have been placed in acid free pH neutral folders and stored in archival containers. Larger artwork and posters were also placed in acid free folders but are stored in archival flat files. Paper clips and staples have been removed and replaced with plastic clips. Photographs, First Day Covers, and postcards have been individually sleeved. Inventory revised by Asmara Cortes-Caba in 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Collection was processed by John Settle and Nadeen Kiwan; finding aid was prepared by John Settle.\nFolder contents were kept intact, while some rearrangement of folders was conducted to group similar materials together. All paper materials have been placed in acid free pH neutral folders and stored in archival containers. Larger artwork and posters were also placed in acid free folders but are stored in archival flat files. Paper clips and staples have been removed and replaced with plastic clips. Photographs, First Day Covers, and postcards have been individually sleeved. Inventory revised by Asmara Cortes-Caba in 2024."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJudith and Warren Kaplan books can also be found by searching the series \"Judith and Warren Kaplan Collection\" in the UCF Library \u003cextref href=\"https://library.ucf.edu\"\u003eOnline Catalog.\u003c/extref\u003e \nOther collections concerning women and politics include \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2002-02\"\u003eBeatrice B. Ettinger Papers\u003c/extref\u003e, \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2005-02\"\u003ePhyllis J. Hudson Political Papers\u003c/extref\u003e, \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2005-15\"\u003eLynda Van Scoyoc Women's Political Caucus Collection\u003c/extref\u003e, \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2008-05\"\u003eDemocratic Women's Club of Florida, Inc. Collection\u003c/extref\u003e, and \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2010-02\"\u003eLeague of Women Voters of Volusia County.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Judith and Warren Kaplan books can also be found by searching the series \"Judith and Warren Kaplan Collection\" in the UCF Library  Online Catalog.  \nOther collections concerning women and politics include  Beatrice B. Ettinger Papers ,  Phyllis J. Hudson Political Papers ,  Lynda Van Scoyoc Women's Political Caucus Collection ,  Democratic Women's Club of Florida, Inc. Collection , and  League of Women Voters of Volusia County."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Judith Kaplan Papers, 1960-2016, contains the personal files of Kaplan related to her business ventures and collecting efforts. Materials include academic files, business documents, correspondence, photographs, books, articles, speeches, event flyers, and promotional materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Research Files, 1913-2016, contains materials compiled by Kaplan related to her research of Women's History, including articles, pamphlets, newspaper clippings, magazines, newsletters, artwork, and bookmarks.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Postal Series, 1884-1997, contains a large number of stamps, First Day Covers, and postcards, allfeaturing women in history.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Women in History, 1792-2016, contains subject files related to various individual women in United States history.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Artwork, ca. 1976-2013, contains original paintings and various artwork.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1915-2008, contains a wide variety of souvenirs and collectibles, including a large number of pins and buttons.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series I: Judith Kaplan Papers, 1960-2016, contains the personal files of Kaplan related to her business ventures and collecting efforts. Materials include academic files, business documents, correspondence, photographs, books, articles, speeches, event flyers, and promotional materials.","\nSeries II: Research Files, 1913-2016, contains materials compiled by Kaplan related to her research of Women's History, including articles, pamphlets, newspaper clippings, magazines, newsletters, artwork, and bookmarks.","\nSeries III: Postal Series, 1884-1997, contains a large number of stamps, First Day Covers, and postcards, allfeaturing women in history.","\nSeries IV: Women in History, 1792-2016, contains subject files related to various individual women in United States history.","\nSeries V: Artwork, ca. 1976-2013, contains original paintings and various artwork.","\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1915-2008, contains a wide variety of souvenirs and collectibles, including a large number of pins and buttons."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Copyright Statement"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_5765cfec293662f410013f49a81ec804\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCreated by Judith and Warren Kaplan, the collection contains a wide variety of materials related to Women's History, with special emphasis on stamps, suffrage, and women of achievement in United States history.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Created by Judith and Warren Kaplan, the collection contains a wide variety of materials related to Women's History, with special emphasis on stamps, suffrage, and women of achievement in United States history."],"names_coll_ssim":["National Organization for Women","National Organization for Women. New York Chapter","National Women's History Museum (U.S.)"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","National Organization for Women","National Organization for Women. New York Chapter","National Women's History Museum (U.S.)","Kaplan, Judith"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","National Organization for Women","National Organization for Women. New York Chapter","National Women's History Museum (U.S.)"],"persname_ssim":["Kaplan, Judith"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":929,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"ae4e9efba5260571ede19734","timestamp":"2026-04-21T03:49:14.837Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/ae4e9efba5260571ede19734_aspace_70421"}},{"id":"017ffe6dc656d61d4bc03ca6_aspace_432ac373a4e7feb9b0145c2960d4996c","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Women in Prison Dr. Bahati Ayo, November 23","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/017ffe6dc656d61d4bc03ca6_aspace_432ac373a4e7feb9b0145c2960d4996c#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_432ac373a4e7feb9b0145c2960d4996c","ref_ssm":["aspace_432ac373a4e7feb9b0145c2960d4996c","aspace_432ac373a4e7feb9b0145c2960d4996c"],"id":"017ffe6dc656d61d4bc03ca6_aspace_432ac373a4e7feb9b0145c2960d4996c","title_filing_ssi":"Women in Prison Dr. Bahati Ayo","title_ssm":["Women in Prison Dr. Bahati Ayo"],"title_tesim":["Women in Prison Dr. Bahati Ayo"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["November 23"],"normalized_date_ssm":["November 23"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Women in Prison Dr. Bahati Ayo, November 23"],"text":["Women in Prison Dr. Bahati Ayo, November 23","William R. Jones Papers, 1953-2009","Sound Recordings, 1953-2005","23","/repositories/10/archival_objects/215060","box 121"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["017ffe6dc656d61d4bc03ca6","017ffe6dc656d61d4bc03ca6_aspace_169f31382535eae43475743bf4383309"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["William R. Jones Papers, 1953-2009","Sound Recordings, 1953-2005"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["William R. Jones Papers, 1953-2009","Sound Recordings, 1953-2005"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["23","/repositories/10/archival_objects/215060"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["William R. Jones Papers, 1953-2009"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":2446,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Most paper files are still arranged as-received and difficult to handle routinely.","See also Technical Access note below.","Contact SCA staff at lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information about access to this collection. ","Users may access this collection at the Claude Pepper Library."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Copyrights in works by William R. Jones in this collection are held by Florida State University. For permission to re-use content beyond Fair Use, contact Special Collections \u0026 Archives staff at lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu.","Copyright terms for unpublished works by William R. Jones will expire on January 1, 2083.","Copyright restrictions may apply to other works in this collection. Re-use or copying beyond Fair Use may require permission from the rights-holder. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information."],"containers_ssim":["box 121"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#315","_nest_parent_":"017ffe6dc656d61d4bc03ca6_aspace_169f31382535eae43475743bf4383309","_root_":"017ffe6dc656d61d4bc03ca6","timestamp":"2026-07-10T05:18:33.704Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"017ffe6dc656d61d4bc03ca6","title_filing_ssi":"Jones, William R. Papers","title_ssm":["William R. Jones Papers"],"title_tesim":["William R. Jones Papers"],"ead_ssi":"017ffe6dc656d61d4bc03ca6","unitdate_ssm":["1953-2009"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1953-2009"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 2020-001","/repositories/10/resources/1781"],"text":["MSS 2020-001","/repositories/10/resources/1781","William R. Jones Papers, 1953-2009","Most paper files are still arranged as-received and difficult to handle routinely.","See also Technical Access note below.","Contact SCA staff at lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information about access to this collection. ","Users may access this collection at the Claude Pepper Library.","unarranged","Rev. Dr. William Ronald \"Bill\" Jones (1933-2012) was an African American philosopher, scholar, and professor. His scholarly interests included philosophy, Blacks in the field of philosophy, racism, theodicy and Christian theism, Black theology, and especially the operation of oppressive structures in American society. Jones is well-known for his 1973 monograph  Is God A White Racist? , as well as the oppression investigation tools the Jones Analytic Model (JAM) and Jones Oppression Grid (JOG).","Jones was born July 17, 1933 in Louisville, Kentucky. He was one of six children born to to Henry W. Jones and Lannie (Brogsdale) Jones.","Jones attended Howard University, where he initially majored in engineering before transferring to philosophy. He recieved a BA in philosophy, magna cum laude, from Howard in 1955. Jones earned a Masters of Divinity from Harvard University in 1958.","Jones was ordained by the Unitarian Society of Wellesley Hills, MA on June 15, 1958, and served from 1958-1960 as Assistant Minister and Director of Religious Education at the all-white First Unitarian Church in Providence, Rhode Island.","He was a visiting professor at Howard from 1964-1969 while concurrently working on a PhD in Religious Studies at Brown University, completed in 1969. Jones taught at Yale Divinity School from 1969-1977, and was coordinator of Black Studies there from 1974-1976. ","He became Professor of Religion and the founding director of Black Studies at Florida State University (FSU) in 1977. He served as a community minister at FSU as well.","Jones authored articles regarding oppression and the church's role in social change. In 1973, Beacon Press published Jones's controversial piece,  Is God A White Racist? A Preamble to Black Theology , and in 1978, he co-edited and contributed to the monograph  Black Theology II .","Jones retired from Florida State University in 1999 as Professor Emeritus. He died in Tallahassee, Florida on Friday, July 13, 2012.","Jones was recipient of many awards, including: the African American Studies and Research Center Award for Outstanding Contribution to Philosophy and the African American Community from Purdue University; Distinguished Visiting Professor in Afro-American Studies at Lafayette College in 1983–84; first recipient of the William R. Jones Most Valuable Mentor Award, established by the Florida Endowment Fund for Higher Education to recognize the contribution of faculty members in the state of Florida university system to McKnight Black doctoral students; Florida State University Faculty Teaching Award in 1989 and 1994; state of Florida Ida S. Baker Black Distinguished Educator Recognition Award; Richard Allen Award from Yale Divinity School; Bragg Humanist of the Year; American Humanist Association Humanist Pioneer of the Year; and the first recipient of the Martin Luther King Jr. Distinguished Scholar Award. In 2008, at the Fifteenth Annual Philosophy Born of Struggle Conference, Jones received its first William R. Jones Award, established in his honor for a lifetime of achievement. ","\nSources:","American Philosophical Association. (Spring 2013).  APA Newsletters .  https://cdn.ymaws.com/www.apaonline.org/resource/collection/950518C1-3421-484C-8153-CDA6ED737182/V12n2Black.pdf","Harper, Daniel. \"William R. Jones: a brief appreciation.\"  https://www.danielharper.org/yauu/2012/08/william-r-jones-a-brief-appreciation/","Unitarian Universalist Ministers Association. \"In Memory of . . . William R. Jones (1933-2012).\"  https://www.uuma.org/blogpost/569858/147952/In-Memory-of----William-R-Jones-1933-2012","Moved by FSU Libraries and Meek-Eaton Black Archives from Jones home in Tallahassee to Meek-Eaton Black Archives Research Center and Museum November 29, 2013.\nMoved from Meek-Eaton to Strozier Library in October and November 2020.","Content of sound recordings, videocassettes, and computer media may not be immediately accessible to researchers. For more information, please contact Special Collections \u0026 Archives staff at lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu.","Jones, William R. (1998).  Is God a white racist? : a preamble to Black theology . Beacon Press.  https://fsu.catalog.fcla.edu/permalink.jsp?23FS022184588","Jones, William R. (1978).  Black theology II: essays on the formation and outreach of contemporary Black theology . Bucknell University Press.  https://fsu.catalog.fcla.edu/permalink.jsp?23FS024391090","\"Jones, Williams - Black Studies\" [Photograph]. Florida State University Historical Photograph Collection, Heritage \u0026 University Archives.  http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/herb/126350a1.sid","\"Jones, William Dr. - Black studies\" [Photograph]. Florida State University Historical Photograph Collection, Heritage \u0026 University Archives.  http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/herb/126348a1.sid","American Humanist Association Records, Library \u0026 Archives, Meadville Lombard Theological Seminary, Chicago, Illinois.  https://www.meadville.edu/library-and-archives","Correspondence, subject files, publications, course materials, sound recordings, videocassettes, and digital media documenting the scholarship, instruction, and faculty service of Rev. Dr. William R. Jones. Major subjects include racism and oppression in the United States, Black liberation theology, and Florida State University units including the Department of Religion and the African American Studies program.","Select born-digital materials from this collection are available through  PASS .","Select materials from the William R. Jones Papers have been digitized and are available through the  FSU Digital Library .","William R. Jones Book Collection, Meek-Eaton Black Archives Research Center and Museum.","Copyrights in works by William R. Jones in this collection are held by Florida State University. For permission to re-use content beyond Fair Use, contact Special Collections \u0026 Archives staff at lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu.","Copyright terms for unpublished works by William R. Jones will expire on January 1, 2083.","Copyright restrictions may apply to other works in this collection. Re-use or copying beyond Fair Use may require permission from the rights-holder. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 2020-001","/repositories/10/resources/1781"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1953-2009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William R. Jones Papers, 1953-2009"],"collection_title_tesim":["William R. Jones Papers, 1953-2009"],"collection_ssim":["William R. Jones Papers, 1953-2009"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyrights in works by William R. Jones in this collection are held by Florida State University. For permission to re-use content beyond Fair Use, contact Special Collections \u0026 Archives staff at lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu.","Copyright terms for unpublished works by William R. Jones will expire on January 1, 2083.","Copyright restrictions may apply to other works in this collection. Re-use or copying beyond Fair Use may require permission from the rights-holder. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["138 Linear Feet 136 boxes, 2 items","69 Linear Feet 69 boxes","918 Cassettes 23 boxes","5 Cassettes","920 Cassettes 20 boxes","5 Reels","1188 items 13 boxes, 1 item","3.5 Linear Feet 3 boxes, 1 item","3 Linear Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["138 Linear Feet 136 boxes, 2 items","69 Linear Feet 69 boxes","918 Cassettes 23 boxes","5 Cassettes","920 Cassettes 20 boxes","5 Reels","1188 items 13 boxes, 1 item","3.5 Linear Feet 3 boxes, 1 item","3 Linear Feet 2 boxes"],"physfacet_tesim":["Total collection extent","Paper documents","VHS videocassettes. 420 cassettes are unlabeled.","VHS-C videocassettes","Compact audiocassettes. 297 cassettes are unlabeled.","1/4-inch audiotape","Computer media: 3.5 inch disks, 5.25 inch disks, Zip disks, external drives, WinBook laptop computer, iomega jaz disk, Colorado DT-250 minicassette, DVD-R, DC-2120 mini cartridge, adapters","plaques, framed items, keepsakes","Books"],"dimensions_tesim":["7-inch reels"],"date_range_isim":[1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMost paper files are still arranged as-received and difficult to handle routinely.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSee also Technical Access note below.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eContact SCA staff at lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information about access to this collection. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUsers may access this collection at the Claude Pepper Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Most paper files are still arranged as-received and difficult to handle routinely.","See also Technical Access note below.","Contact SCA staff at lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information about access to this collection. ","Users may access this collection at the Claude Pepper Library."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eunarranged\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["unarranged"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRev. Dr. William Ronald \"Bill\" Jones (1933-2012) was an African American philosopher, scholar, and professor. His scholarly interests included philosophy, Blacks in the field of philosophy, racism, theodicy and Christian theism, Black theology, and especially the operation of oppressive structures in American society. Jones is well-known for his 1973 monograph \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eIs God A White Racist?\u003c/emph\u003e, as well as the oppression investigation tools the Jones Analytic Model (JAM) and Jones Oppression Grid (JOG).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJones was born July 17, 1933 in Louisville, Kentucky. He was one of six children born to to Henry W. Jones and Lannie (Brogsdale) Jones.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJones attended Howard University, where he initially majored in engineering before transferring to philosophy. He recieved a BA in philosophy, magna cum laude, from Howard in 1955. Jones earned a Masters of Divinity from Harvard University in 1958.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJones was ordained by the Unitarian Society of Wellesley Hills, MA on June 15, 1958, and served from 1958-1960 as Assistant Minister and Director of Religious Education at the all-white First Unitarian Church in Providence, Rhode Island.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe was a visiting professor at Howard from 1964-1969 while concurrently working on a PhD in Religious Studies at Brown University, completed in 1969. Jones taught at Yale Divinity School from 1969-1977, and was coordinator of Black Studies there from 1974-1976. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe became Professor of Religion and the founding director of Black Studies at Florida State University (FSU) in 1977. He served as a community minister at FSU as well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJones authored articles regarding oppression and the church's role in social change. In 1973, Beacon Press published Jones's controversial piece, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eIs God A White Racist? A Preamble to Black Theology\u003c/emph\u003e, and in 1978, he co-edited and contributed to the monograph \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBlack Theology II\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJones retired from Florida State University in 1999 as Professor Emeritus. He died in Tallahassee, Florida on Friday, July 13, 2012.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJones was recipient of many awards, including: the African American Studies and Research Center Award for Outstanding Contribution to Philosophy and the African American Community from Purdue University; Distinguished Visiting Professor in Afro-American Studies at Lafayette College in 1983\u0026#x2013;84; first recipient of the William R. Jones Most Valuable Mentor Award, established by the Florida Endowment Fund for Higher Education to recognize the contribution of faculty members in the state of Florida university system to McKnight Black doctoral students; Florida State University Faculty Teaching Award in 1989 and 1994; state of Florida Ida S. Baker Black Distinguished Educator Recognition Award; Richard Allen Award from Yale Divinity School; Bragg Humanist of the Year; American Humanist Association Humanist Pioneer of the Year; and the first recipient of the Martin Luther King Jr. Distinguished Scholar Award. In 2008, at the Fifteenth Annual Philosophy Born of Struggle Conference, Jones received its first William R. Jones Award, established in his honor for a lifetime of achievement. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Philosophical Association. (Spring 2013). \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAPA Newsletters\u003c/emph\u003e. \u003cextref href=\"https://cdn.ymaws.com/www.apaonline.org/resource/collection/950518C1-3421-484C-8153-CDA6ED737182/V12n2Black.pdf\"\u003ehttps://cdn.ymaws.com/www.apaonline.org/resource/collection/950518C1-3421-484C-8153-CDA6ED737182/V12n2Black.pdf\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHarper, Daniel. \"William R. Jones: a brief appreciation.\" \u003cextref href=\"https://www.danielharper.org/yauu/2012/08/william-r-jones-a-brief-appreciation/\"\u003ehttps://www.danielharper.org/yauu/2012/08/william-r-jones-a-brief-appreciation/\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnitarian Universalist Ministers Association. \"In Memory of . . . William R. Jones (1933-2012).\" \u003cextref href=\"https://www.uuma.org/blogpost/569858/147952/In-Memory-of----William-R-Jones-1933-2012\"\u003ehttps://www.uuma.org/blogpost/569858/147952/In-Memory-of----William-R-Jones-1933-2012\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Rev. Dr. William Ronald \"Bill\" Jones (1933-2012) was an African American philosopher, scholar, and professor. His scholarly interests included philosophy, Blacks in the field of philosophy, racism, theodicy and Christian theism, Black theology, and especially the operation of oppressive structures in American society. Jones is well-known for his 1973 monograph  Is God A White Racist? , as well as the oppression investigation tools the Jones Analytic Model (JAM) and Jones Oppression Grid (JOG).","Jones was born July 17, 1933 in Louisville, Kentucky. He was one of six children born to to Henry W. Jones and Lannie (Brogsdale) Jones.","Jones attended Howard University, where he initially majored in engineering before transferring to philosophy. He recieved a BA in philosophy, magna cum laude, from Howard in 1955. Jones earned a Masters of Divinity from Harvard University in 1958.","Jones was ordained by the Unitarian Society of Wellesley Hills, MA on June 15, 1958, and served from 1958-1960 as Assistant Minister and Director of Religious Education at the all-white First Unitarian Church in Providence, Rhode Island.","He was a visiting professor at Howard from 1964-1969 while concurrently working on a PhD in Religious Studies at Brown University, completed in 1969. Jones taught at Yale Divinity School from 1969-1977, and was coordinator of Black Studies there from 1974-1976. ","He became Professor of Religion and the founding director of Black Studies at Florida State University (FSU) in 1977. He served as a community minister at FSU as well.","Jones authored articles regarding oppression and the church's role in social change. In 1973, Beacon Press published Jones's controversial piece,  Is God A White Racist? A Preamble to Black Theology , and in 1978, he co-edited and contributed to the monograph  Black Theology II .","Jones retired from Florida State University in 1999 as Professor Emeritus. He died in Tallahassee, Florida on Friday, July 13, 2012.","Jones was recipient of many awards, including: the African American Studies and Research Center Award for Outstanding Contribution to Philosophy and the African American Community from Purdue University; Distinguished Visiting Professor in Afro-American Studies at Lafayette College in 1983–84; first recipient of the William R. Jones Most Valuable Mentor Award, established by the Florida Endowment Fund for Higher Education to recognize the contribution of faculty members in the state of Florida university system to McKnight Black doctoral students; Florida State University Faculty Teaching Award in 1989 and 1994; state of Florida Ida S. Baker Black Distinguished Educator Recognition Award; Richard Allen Award from Yale Divinity School; Bragg Humanist of the Year; American Humanist Association Humanist Pioneer of the Year; and the first recipient of the Martin Luther King Jr. Distinguished Scholar Award. In 2008, at the Fifteenth Annual Philosophy Born of Struggle Conference, Jones received its first William R. Jones Award, established in his honor for a lifetime of achievement. ","\nSources:","American Philosophical Association. (Spring 2013).  APA Newsletters .  https://cdn.ymaws.com/www.apaonline.org/resource/collection/950518C1-3421-484C-8153-CDA6ED737182/V12n2Black.pdf","Harper, Daniel. \"William R. Jones: a brief appreciation.\"  https://www.danielharper.org/yauu/2012/08/william-r-jones-a-brief-appreciation/","Unitarian Universalist Ministers Association. \"In Memory of . . . William R. Jones (1933-2012).\"  https://www.uuma.org/blogpost/569858/147952/In-Memory-of----William-R-Jones-1933-2012"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMoved by FSU Libraries and Meek-Eaton Black Archives from Jones home in Tallahassee to Meek-Eaton Black Archives Research Center and Museum November 29, 2013.\nMoved from Meek-Eaton to Strozier Library in October and November 2020.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Moved by FSU Libraries and Meek-Eaton Black Archives from Jones home in Tallahassee to Meek-Eaton Black Archives Research Center and Museum November 29, 2013.\nMoved from Meek-Eaton to Strozier Library in October and November 2020."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContent of sound recordings, videocassettes, and computer media may not be immediately accessible to researchers. For more information, please contact Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives staff at lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Technical Access"],"phystech_tesim":["Content of sound recordings, videocassettes, and computer media may not be immediately accessible to researchers. For more information, please contact Special Collections \u0026 Archives staff at lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder Number], William R. Jones Papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS_2020-001\"\u003ehttps://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS_2020-001\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder Number], William R. Jones Papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS_2020-001"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJones, William R. (1998). \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eIs God a white racist? : a preamble to Black theology\u003c/emph\u003e. Beacon Press. \u003cextref href=\"https://fsu.catalog.fcla.edu/permalink.jsp?23FS022184588\"\u003ehttps://fsu.catalog.fcla.edu/permalink.jsp?23FS022184588\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJones, William R. (1978). \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBlack theology II: essays on the formation and outreach of contemporary Black theology\u003c/emph\u003e. Bucknell University Press. \u003cextref href=\"https://fsu.catalog.fcla.edu/permalink.jsp?23FS024391090\"\u003ehttps://fsu.catalog.fcla.edu/permalink.jsp?23FS024391090\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Jones, Williams - Black Studies\" [Photograph]. Florida State University Historical Photograph Collection, Heritage \u0026amp; University Archives. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/herb/126350a1.sid\"\u003ehttp://purl.flvc.org/fcla/herb/126350a1.sid\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Jones, William Dr. - Black studies\" [Photograph]. Florida State University Historical Photograph Collection, Heritage \u0026amp; University Archives. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/herb/126348a1.sid\"\u003ehttp://purl.flvc.org/fcla/herb/126348a1.sid\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Humanist Association Records, Library \u0026amp; Archives, Meadville Lombard Theological Seminary, Chicago, Illinois. \u003cextref href=\"https://www.meadville.edu/library-and-archives/\"\u003ehttps://www.meadville.edu/library-and-archives\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Works By William R. Jones At FSU Libraries","Related Materials - FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Related Materials - Beyond FSU Libraries"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Jones, William R. (1998).  Is God a white racist? : a preamble to Black theology . Beacon Press.  https://fsu.catalog.fcla.edu/permalink.jsp?23FS022184588","Jones, William R. (1978).  Black theology II: essays on the formation and outreach of contemporary Black theology . Bucknell University Press.  https://fsu.catalog.fcla.edu/permalink.jsp?23FS024391090","\"Jones, Williams - Black Studies\" [Photograph]. Florida State University Historical Photograph Collection, Heritage \u0026 University Archives.  http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/herb/126350a1.sid","\"Jones, William Dr. - Black studies\" [Photograph]. Florida State University Historical Photograph Collection, Heritage \u0026 University Archives.  http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/herb/126348a1.sid","American Humanist Association Records, Library \u0026 Archives, Meadville Lombard Theological Seminary, Chicago, Illinois.  https://www.meadville.edu/library-and-archives"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, subject files, publications, course materials, sound recordings, videocassettes, and digital media documenting the scholarship, instruction, and faculty service of Rev. Dr. William R. Jones. Major subjects include racism and oppression in the United States, Black liberation theology, and Florida State University units including the Department of Religion and the African American Studies program.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSelect born-digital materials from this collection are available through \u003cextref href=\"http://pass.lib.fsu.edu/#Jones-MSS_2020-001/\"\u003ePASS\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSelect materials from the William R. Jones Papers have been digitized and are available through the \u003cextref href=\"https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:williamrjonespapers\"\u003eFSU Digital Library\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Online Copies Available","Online Copies Available"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Correspondence, subject files, publications, course materials, sound recordings, videocassettes, and digital media documenting the scholarship, instruction, and faculty service of Rev. Dr. William R. Jones. Major subjects include racism and oppression in the United States, Black liberation theology, and Florida State University units including the Department of Religion and the African American Studies program.","Select born-digital materials from this collection are available through  PASS .","Select materials from the William R. Jones Papers have been digitized and are available through the  FSU Digital Library ."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam R. Jones Book Collection, Meek-Eaton Black Archives Research Center and Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["William R. Jones Book Collection, Meek-Eaton Black Archives Research Center and Museum."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyrights in works by William R. Jones in this collection are held by Florida State University. For permission to re-use content beyond Fair Use, contact Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives staff at lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCopyright terms for unpublished works by William R. Jones will expire on January 1, 2083.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCopyright restrictions may apply to other works in this collection. Re-use or copying beyond Fair Use may require permission from the rights-holder. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyrights in works by William R. Jones in this collection are held by Florida State University. For permission to re-use content beyond Fair Use, contact Special Collections \u0026 Archives staff at lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu.","Copyright terms for unpublished works by William R. Jones will expire on January 1, 2083.","Copyright restrictions may apply to other works in this collection. Re-use or copying beyond Fair Use may require permission from the rights-holder. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2768,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"017ffe6dc656d61d4bc03ca6","timestamp":"2026-07-10T05:18:33.704Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/017ffe6dc656d61d4bc03ca6_aspace_432ac373a4e7feb9b0145c2960d4996c"}},{"id":"b3e4025e67698b63bebebf69_aspace_df99478154a390f351e636443019010b","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Women's Activism/Abortion Rights Memorabilia, undated","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/b3e4025e67698b63bebebf69_aspace_df99478154a390f351e636443019010b#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_df99478154a390f351e636443019010b","ref_ssm":["aspace_df99478154a390f351e636443019010b","aspace_df99478154a390f351e636443019010b"],"id":"b3e4025e67698b63bebebf69_aspace_df99478154a390f351e636443019010b","title_filing_ssi":"Women's Activism/Abortion Rights Memorabilia","title_ssm":["Women's Activism/Abortion Rights Memorabilia"],"title_tesim":["Women's Activism/Abortion Rights Memorabilia"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["undated"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Women's Activism/Abortion Rights Memorabilia, undated"],"text":["Women's Activism/Abortion Rights Memorabilia, undated","Dr. Edna Louise Saffy Papers, 1962-2013","/repositories/3/archival_objects/7390","This series contains 3-dimensional objects, ceramic novelty figurine, hat, neck tie, sash, and metal medallion on leather cord.","box 45"],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["b3e4025e67698b63bebebf69"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Dr. Edna Louise Saffy Papers, 1962-2013"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Dr. Edna Louise Saffy Papers, 1962-2013"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/3/archival_objects/7390"],"repository_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. Edna Louise Saffy Papers, 1962-2013"],"physdesc_tesim":["This series contains 3-dimensional objects, ceramic novelty figurine, hat, neck tie, sash, and metal medallion on leather cord."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":5,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":437,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact \nlib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"containers_ssim":["box 45"],"_nest_path_":"/components#20","_nest_parent_":"b3e4025e67698b63bebebf69","_root_":"b3e4025e67698b63bebebf69","_version_":1870860599051681792,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:48:22.881Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"b3e4025e67698b63bebebf69","title_ssm":["Dr. Edna Louise Saffy Papers"],"title_tesim":["Dr. Edna Louise Saffy Papers"],"ead_ssi":"b3e4025e67698b63bebebf69","unitdate_ssm":["1962-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1962-2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["2013.003","/repositories/3/resources/66"],"text":["2013.003","/repositories/3/resources/66","Dr. Edna Louise Saffy Papers, 1962-2013","Florida -- Politics and Government -- 20th century","Clinton, Bill, 1946 -- Presidential campaigns -- Florida","College teachers -- Florida -- Jacksonville (Fla.)","Democratic Party (Fla.)","Human rights workers -- Florida -- Jacksonville (Fla.)","Political activists -- Florida -- Jacksonville (Fla.)","Women's rights -- Florida","The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact \nlib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.","\tDr. Edna Louise Saffy, human rights advocate and Jacksonville native was born on March 9, 1935. She attended college at the University of Florida where she received several degrees, including the Master's and Doctorate of Philosophy degrees. She was a professor of Rhetoric and Public Address at University of Florida and Florida State College at Jacksonville, where she was elected Professor Emeritus following her retirement in December 2007. ","\nDr. Saffy was a founder of the National Organization for Women chapters in Jacksonville and Gainesville, as well as founder of the Jacksonville Women's Network. She was named \"A Woman of Courage and Vision\" by the Mayor's Commission on the Status of Women and the recipient of a Lifetime EVE Award by the Florida Times Union.\n    \n    As a humanitarian and activist, she served on numerous local, state, and national committees, including the John F. Kennedy Center Committee for the Performing Arts during the Clinton Administration, the Advisory Committee on LaVilla Cultural Heritage District, American Arab Institute, Duval County Democratic Executive Committee, and the Jacksonville Human Rights Commission. \n    \n    Dr. Saffy was also politically active. She led a 1975 march in Tallahassee in support of the Equal Rights Amendment. She served as a Florida delegate to the International Women's Conference and as a Florida State delegate in six Democratic National Conventions. She was also the president of the Florida Women's Political Caucus. Dr. Saffy died June 20, 2010.","This collection contains awards, correspondence, memorabilia, printed materials, photographs, personal papers, and writings. Many printed materials and photographs relate to politics and political activism. There are numerous photographs and newspaper clippings, as well as Dr. Saffy's dissertation. The collection contains many memorabilia items, particularly from various political events, and there are two large portraits of Dr. Edna Louise Saffy.","Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information","UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["2013.003","/repositories/3/resources/66"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1962-2013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dr. Edna Louise Saffy Papers, 1962-2013"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dr. Edna Louise Saffy Papers, 1962-2013"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. Edna Louise Saffy Papers, 1962-2013"],"repository_ssm":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Florida -- Politics and Government -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Florida -- Politics and Government -- 20th century"],"places_ssim":["Florida -- Politics and Government -- 20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was acquired through donation from Dr. Grady Johnson, 2013."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Clinton, Bill, 1946 -- Presidential campaigns -- Florida","College teachers -- Florida -- Jacksonville (Fla.)","Democratic Party (Fla.)","Human rights workers -- Florida -- Jacksonville (Fla.)","Political activists -- Florida -- Jacksonville (Fla.)","Women's rights -- Florida"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Clinton, Bill, 1946 -- Presidential campaigns -- Florida","College teachers -- Florida -- Jacksonville (Fla.)","Democratic Party (Fla.)","Human rights workers -- Florida -- Jacksonville (Fla.)","Political activists -- Florida -- Jacksonville (Fla.)","Women's rights -- Florida"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["36.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["36.00 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact \nlib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact \nlib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\tDr. Edna Louise Saffy, human rights advocate and Jacksonville native was born on March 9, 1935. She attended college at the University of Florida where she received several degrees, including the Master's and Doctorate of Philosophy degrees. She was a professor of Rhetoric and Public Address at University of Florida and Florida State College at Jacksonville, where she was elected Professor Emeritus following her retirement in December 2007. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nDr. Saffy was a founder of the National Organization for Women chapters in Jacksonville and Gainesville, as well as founder of the Jacksonville Women's Network. She was named \"A Woman of Courage and Vision\" by the Mayor's Commission on the Status of Women and the recipient of a Lifetime EVE Award by the Florida Times Union.\n    \n    As a humanitarian and activist, she served on numerous local, state, and national committees, including the John F. Kennedy Center Committee for the Performing Arts during the Clinton Administration, the Advisory Committee on LaVilla Cultural Heritage District, American Arab Institute, Duval County Democratic Executive Committee, and the Jacksonville Human Rights Commission. \n    \n    Dr. Saffy was also politically active. She led a 1975 march in Tallahassee in support of the Equal Rights Amendment. She served as a Florida delegate to the International Women's Conference and as a Florida State delegate in six Democratic National Conventions. She was also the president of the Florida Women's Political Caucus. Dr. Saffy died June 20, 2010.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["\tDr. Edna Louise Saffy, human rights advocate and Jacksonville native was born on March 9, 1935. She attended college at the University of Florida where she received several degrees, including the Master's and Doctorate of Philosophy degrees. She was a professor of Rhetoric and Public Address at University of Florida and Florida State College at Jacksonville, where she was elected Professor Emeritus following her retirement in December 2007. ","\nDr. Saffy was a founder of the National Organization for Women chapters in Jacksonville and Gainesville, as well as founder of the Jacksonville Women's Network. She was named \"A Woman of Courage and Vision\" by the Mayor's Commission on the Status of Women and the recipient of a Lifetime EVE Award by the Florida Times Union.\n    \n    As a humanitarian and activist, she served on numerous local, state, and national committees, including the John F. Kennedy Center Committee for the Performing Arts during the Clinton Administration, the Advisory Committee on LaVilla Cultural Heritage District, American Arab Institute, Duval County Democratic Executive Committee, and the Jacksonville Human Rights Commission. \n    \n    Dr. Saffy was also politically active. She led a 1975 march in Tallahassee in support of the Equal Rights Amendment. She served as a Florida delegate to the International Women's Conference and as a Florida State delegate in six Democratic National Conventions. She was also the president of the Florida Women's Political Caucus. 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