{"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=302\u0026view=compact","prev":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=301\u0026view=compact","next":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=303\u0026view=compact","last":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=501\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":302,"next_page":303,"prev_page":301,"total_pages":501,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":3010,"total_count":5009,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"71af4bd2de2ad32650a31b09","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Major Clark Collection, 1938-1956","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/71af4bd2de2ad32650a31b09#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of four letters, one post card, a picture and a program. The post card is from Fannie Hurst of New York City, and it is addressed to Major Clark of Tallahassee, Florida, and dated April of 1954. There is a manuscript letter by Mary C. Rockefeller of New York City, to Major Clark, dated 1956. Three letters are from Mari Sandoz of New York City, to Major Clark, and they date from 1954-1956. These three letters included a picture of Ms. Rockefeller and a souvenir program from \"Old Jules\" as presented by the Alliance Little Theater at Alliance, Nebraska, on June 27, 1938. This play was written by Mari Sandoz, and the program contains many historical facts and a number of pictures of this area in Nebraska, as well as a picture of the author. The gloss photograph in this collection is of Miss Sandoz, and it is appreciated for her autograph on the back, as well as the autographs of her friends.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/71af4bd2de2ad32650a31b09#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"71af4bd2de2ad32650a31b09","title_ssm":["Major Clark Collection"],"title_tesim":["Major Clark Collection"],"ead_ssi":"71af4bd2de2ad32650a31b09","unitdate_ssm":["1938-1956"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1938-1956"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 0-64","/repositories/10/resources/609"],"text":["MSS 0-64","/repositories/10/resources/609","Major Clark Collection, 1938-1956","Nebraska","This collection is open to all researchers. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.","Processed June 12, 1964.","This collection consists of four letters, one post card, a picture and a program. The post card is from Fannie Hurst of New York City, and it is addressed to Major Clark of Tallahassee, Florida, and dated April of 1954. There is a manuscript letter by Mary C. Rockefeller of New York City, to Major Clark, dated 1956. Three letters are from Mari Sandoz of New York City, to Major Clark, and they date from 1954-1956. These three letters included a picture of Ms. Rockefeller and a souvenir program from \"Old Jules\" as presented by the Alliance Little Theater at Alliance, Nebraska, on June 27, 1938. This play was written by Mari Sandoz, and the program contains many historical facts and a number of pictures of this area in Nebraska, as well as a picture of the author. The gloss photograph in this collection is of Miss Sandoz, and it is appreciated for her autograph on the back, as well as the autographs of her friends.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 0-64","/repositories/10/resources/609"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1938-1956"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Major Clark Collection, 1938-1956"],"collection_title_tesim":["Major Clark Collection, 1938-1956"],"collection_ssim":["Major Clark Collection, 1938-1956"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Nebraska"],"geogname_ssim":["Nebraska"],"places_ssim":["Nebraska"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Major Felie W. Clark"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7.00 items"],"extent_tesim":["7.00 items"],"date_range_isim":[1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], Major Clark Collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-0-64\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], Major Clark Collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-0-64"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed June 12, 1964.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed June 12, 1964."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of four letters, one post card, a picture and a program. The post card is from Fannie Hurst of New York City, and it is addressed to Major Clark of Tallahassee, Florida, and dated April of 1954. There is a manuscript letter by Mary C. Rockefeller of New York City, to Major Clark, dated 1956. Three letters are from Mari Sandoz of New York City, to Major Clark, and they date from 1954-1956. These three letters included a picture of Ms. Rockefeller and a souvenir program from \"Old Jules\" as presented by the Alliance Little Theater at Alliance, Nebraska, on June 27, 1938. This play was written by Mari Sandoz, and the program contains many historical facts and a number of pictures of this area in Nebraska, as well as a picture of the author. The gloss photograph in this collection is of Miss Sandoz, and it is appreciated for her autograph on the back, as well as the autographs of her friends.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of four letters, one post card, a picture and a program. The post card is from Fannie Hurst of New York City, and it is addressed to Major Clark of Tallahassee, Florida, and dated April of 1954. There is a manuscript letter by Mary C. Rockefeller of New York City, to Major Clark, dated 1956. Three letters are from Mari Sandoz of New York City, to Major Clark, and they date from 1954-1956. These three letters included a picture of Ms. Rockefeller and a souvenir program from \"Old Jules\" as presented by the Alliance Little Theater at Alliance, Nebraska, on June 27, 1938. This play was written by Mari Sandoz, and the program contains many historical facts and a number of pictures of this area in Nebraska, as well as a picture of the author. The gloss photograph in this collection is of Miss Sandoz, and it is appreciated for her autograph on the back, as well as the autographs of her friends."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870858975299239936,"_root_":"71af4bd2de2ad32650a31b09","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:22:34.361Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"71af4bd2de2ad32650a31b09","title_ssm":["Major Clark Collection"],"title_tesim":["Major Clark Collection"],"ead_ssi":"71af4bd2de2ad32650a31b09","unitdate_ssm":["1938-1956"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1938-1956"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 0-64","/repositories/10/resources/609"],"text":["MSS 0-64","/repositories/10/resources/609","Major Clark Collection, 1938-1956","Nebraska","This collection is open to all researchers. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.","Processed June 12, 1964.","This collection consists of four letters, one post card, a picture and a program. The post card is from Fannie Hurst of New York City, and it is addressed to Major Clark of Tallahassee, Florida, and dated April of 1954. There is a manuscript letter by Mary C. Rockefeller of New York City, to Major Clark, dated 1956. Three letters are from Mari Sandoz of New York City, to Major Clark, and they date from 1954-1956. These three letters included a picture of Ms. Rockefeller and a souvenir program from \"Old Jules\" as presented by the Alliance Little Theater at Alliance, Nebraska, on June 27, 1938. This play was written by Mari Sandoz, and the program contains many historical facts and a number of pictures of this area in Nebraska, as well as a picture of the author. The gloss photograph in this collection is of Miss Sandoz, and it is appreciated for her autograph on the back, as well as the autographs of her friends.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 0-64","/repositories/10/resources/609"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1938-1956"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Major Clark Collection, 1938-1956"],"collection_title_tesim":["Major Clark Collection, 1938-1956"],"collection_ssim":["Major Clark Collection, 1938-1956"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Nebraska"],"geogname_ssim":["Nebraska"],"places_ssim":["Nebraska"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Major Felie W. Clark"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7.00 items"],"extent_tesim":["7.00 items"],"date_range_isim":[1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], Major Clark Collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-0-64\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], Major Clark Collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-0-64"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed June 12, 1964.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed June 12, 1964."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of four letters, one post card, a picture and a program. The post card is from Fannie Hurst of New York City, and it is addressed to Major Clark of Tallahassee, Florida, and dated April of 1954. There is a manuscript letter by Mary C. Rockefeller of New York City, to Major Clark, dated 1956. Three letters are from Mari Sandoz of New York City, to Major Clark, and they date from 1954-1956. These three letters included a picture of Ms. Rockefeller and a souvenir program from \"Old Jules\" as presented by the Alliance Little Theater at Alliance, Nebraska, on June 27, 1938. This play was written by Mari Sandoz, and the program contains many historical facts and a number of pictures of this area in Nebraska, as well as a picture of the author. The gloss photograph in this collection is of Miss Sandoz, and it is appreciated for her autograph on the back, as well as the autographs of her friends.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of four letters, one post card, a picture and a program. The post card is from Fannie Hurst of New York City, and it is addressed to Major Clark of Tallahassee, Florida, and dated April of 1954. There is a manuscript letter by Mary C. Rockefeller of New York City, to Major Clark, dated 1956. Three letters are from Mari Sandoz of New York City, to Major Clark, and they date from 1954-1956. These three letters included a picture of Ms. Rockefeller and a souvenir program from \"Old Jules\" as presented by the Alliance Little Theater at Alliance, Nebraska, on June 27, 1938. This play was written by Mari Sandoz, and the program contains many historical facts and a number of pictures of this area in Nebraska, as well as a picture of the author. The gloss photograph in this collection is of Miss Sandoz, and it is appreciated for her autograph on the back, as well as the autographs of her friends."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870858975299239936,"_root_":"71af4bd2de2ad32650a31b09","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:22:34.361Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/71af4bd2de2ad32650a31b09"}},{"id":"9d920f97dc8304a1deec16d5","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Major James Lucius Cross Correspondence, 1861-1865, Date acquired: 00/00/1993, bulk 1861-1862","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/9d920f97dc8304a1deec16d5#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Cross, James Lucius, 1834-1893"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/9d920f97dc8304a1deec16d5#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003e17 original, handwritten letters, mostly written by James Lucius Cross, arranged chronologically. Some of the letters have been photocopied. Topics include his military experiences and the death of his young wife. Correspondents include his mother, brother, sister, and Francis Eppes. Seven of the letters are datelined from Tallahassee, where he lived and taught at the West Florida Seminary, including a letter from just after the Civil War (December 1865), where he worked for the United States Government shipping ordnance from Florida to South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/9d920f97dc8304a1deec16d5#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"9d920f97dc8304a1deec16d5","title_ssm":["Major James Lucius Cross Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Major James Lucius Cross Correspondence"],"ead_ssi":"9d920f97dc8304a1deec16d5","unitdate_ssm":["1861-1865","1861-1862","Date acquired: 00/00/1993"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1861-1862"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861-1865"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 00/00/1993"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 1997-003","/repositories/10/resources/1232"],"text":["MSS 1997-003","/repositories/10/resources/1232","Major James Lucius Cross Correspondence, 1861-1865, Date acquired: 00/00/1993, bulk 1861-1862","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Photocopying.","Correspondence","Collection is open to all researchers.","James Lucius Cross, was born October 27, 1834 in Frederick County, Virginia. In 1859, he married Betty Miller. Cross entered Virginia Military Institute on August 7, 1852 and graduated ninth in his class on July 4, 1856. According to William George Dodd, in his  History of West Florida Seminary , Major Cross was hired by the Seminary's Principal Philip H. Montague in the 1860-1861 academic year as a teacher of mathematics and tactics at the Seminary's boys' school. Major Cross replaced Professor James H. Lane, who resigned his position because of a grievance concerning the supervising and teaching of the younger boys.\n When the Civil War broke out in 1861, he was one of a few people with military experience available to prepare the Florida troops for war. He enlisted in July 12, 1861 at Jacksonville, Florida. In July 1862, he was appointed Major in the Provisional Army of the Confederacy. In March 1863, he was ordered to report to Maj. Gen. D. H. Hill at Goldsborough, NC and remained on his staff until early 1864. He then served in Mississippi and Florida and North Carolina and was paroled in May 1865 at Greensboro, NC as Major and Assistant Adjutant General.\n He returned to Tallahassee and taught math and tactics for the West Florida Seminary before moving to New Orleans, Louisiana around 1869. Cross taught at the University of Louisiana (now Tulane University) from 1878-1879. He died July 15, 1893 in Glade Springs, Virginia.\n A picture of Major Cross can be found in David W. Hartman and David Coles'  Biographical Rosters of Florida's Confederate and Union Soldiers, 1861-1865 , Volume I, and at the Museum of the Confederacy in Richmond, Virginia.","Portions of collection available online?: No","Burt Altman, Special Collections Department staff member, processed the Major James Lucius Cross Correspondence in 1997. The original letters have been encapsulated. The finding aid was revised in 2005.","17 original, handwritten letters, mostly written by James Lucius Cross, arranged chronologically. Some of the letters have been photocopied. Topics include his military experiences and the death of his young wife. Correspondents include his mother, brother, sister, and Francis Eppes. Seven of the letters are datelined from Tallahassee, where he lived and taught at the West Florida Seminary, including a letter from just after the Civil War (December 1865), where he worked for the United States Government shipping ordnance from Florida to South Carolina.","Copyright has not been transferred to the Florida State University Libraries.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","West Florida Seminary (Tallahassee, Fla.)","Cross, James Lucius, 1834-1893","Eppes, Francis","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 1997-003","/repositories/10/resources/1232"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1861-1865, Date acquired: 00/00/1993, bulk 1861-1862"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Major James Lucius Cross Correspondence, 1861-1865, Date acquired: 00/00/1993, bulk 1861-1862"],"collection_title_tesim":["Major James Lucius Cross Correspondence, 1861-1865, Date acquired: 00/00/1993, bulk 1861-1862"],"collection_ssim":["Major James Lucius Cross Correspondence, 1861-1865, Date acquired: 00/00/1993, bulk 1861-1862"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Cross, James Lucius, 1834-1893"],"creator_ssim":["Cross, James Lucius, 1834-1893"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cross, James Lucius, 1834-1893"],"creators_ssim":["Cross, James Lucius, 1834-1893"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright has not been transferred to the Florida State University Libraries.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Special Collections Department purchased the Major James Lucius Cross Correspondence from rare manuscript and book dealer Charles Apfelbaum in 1993."],"access_subjects_ssim":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Photocopying.","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Photocopying.","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.40 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1.40 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863,1864,1865],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Lucius Cross, was born October 27, 1834 in Frederick County, Virginia. In 1859, he married Betty Miller. Cross entered Virginia Military Institute on August 7, 1852 and graduated ninth in his class on July 4, 1856. According to William George Dodd, in his \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistory of West Florida Seminary\u003c/emph\u003e, Major Cross was hired by the Seminary's Principal Philip H. Montague in the 1860-1861 academic year as a teacher of mathematics and tactics at the Seminary's boys' school. Major Cross replaced Professor James H. Lane, who resigned his position because of a grievance concerning the supervising and teaching of the younger boys.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWhen the Civil War broke out in 1861, he was one of a few people with military experience available to prepare the Florida troops for war. He enlisted in July 12, 1861 at Jacksonville, Florida. In July 1862, he was appointed Major in the Provisional Army of the Confederacy. In March 1863, he was ordered to report to Maj. Gen. D. H. Hill at Goldsborough, NC and remained on his staff until early 1864. He then served in Mississippi and Florida and North Carolina and was paroled in May 1865 at Greensboro, NC as Major and Assistant Adjutant General.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHe returned to Tallahassee and taught math and tactics for the West Florida Seminary before moving to New Orleans, Louisiana around 1869. Cross taught at the University of Louisiana (now Tulane University) from 1878-1879. He died July 15, 1893 in Glade Springs, Virginia.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA picture of Major Cross can be found in David W. Hartman and David Coles' \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBiographical Rosters of Florida's Confederate and Union Soldiers, 1861-1865\u003c/emph\u003e, Volume I, and at the Museum of the Confederacy in Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Lucius Cross, was born October 27, 1834 in Frederick County, Virginia. In 1859, he married Betty Miller. Cross entered Virginia Military Institute on August 7, 1852 and graduated ninth in his class on July 4, 1856. According to William George Dodd, in his  History of West Florida Seminary , Major Cross was hired by the Seminary's Principal Philip H. Montague in the 1860-1861 academic year as a teacher of mathematics and tactics at the Seminary's boys' school. Major Cross replaced Professor James H. Lane, who resigned his position because of a grievance concerning the supervising and teaching of the younger boys.\n When the Civil War broke out in 1861, he was one of a few people with military experience available to prepare the Florida troops for war. He enlisted in July 12, 1861 at Jacksonville, Florida. In July 1862, he was appointed Major in the Provisional Army of the Confederacy. In March 1863, he was ordered to report to Maj. Gen. D. H. Hill at Goldsborough, NC and remained on his staff until early 1864. He then served in Mississippi and Florida and North Carolina and was paroled in May 1865 at Greensboro, NC as Major and Assistant Adjutant General.\n He returned to Tallahassee and taught math and tactics for the West Florida Seminary before moving to New Orleans, Louisiana around 1869. Cross taught at the University of Louisiana (now Tulane University) from 1878-1879. He died July 15, 1893 in Glade Springs, Virginia.\n A picture of Major Cross can be found in David W. Hartman and David Coles'  Biographical Rosters of Florida's Confederate and Union Soldiers, 1861-1865 , Volume I, and at the Museum of the Confederacy in Richmond, Virginia."],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePortions of collection available online?: No\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Originals"],"originalsloc_tesim":["Portions of collection available online?: No"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], Major James Lucius Cross Correspondence, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-1997-003\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], Major James Lucius Cross Correspondence, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-1997-003"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBurt Altman, Special Collections Department staff member, processed the Major James Lucius Cross Correspondence in 1997. The original letters have been encapsulated. The finding aid was revised in 2005.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Burt Altman, Special Collections Department staff member, processed the Major James Lucius Cross Correspondence in 1997. The original letters have been encapsulated. The finding aid was revised in 2005."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e17 original, handwritten letters, mostly written by James Lucius Cross, arranged chronologically. Some of the letters have been photocopied. Topics include his military experiences and the death of his young wife. Correspondents include his mother, brother, sister, and Francis Eppes. Seven of the letters are datelined from Tallahassee, where he lived and taught at the West Florida Seminary, including a letter from just after the Civil War (December 1865), where he worked for the United States Government shipping ordnance from Florida to South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["17 original, handwritten letters, mostly written by James Lucius Cross, arranged chronologically. Some of the letters have been photocopied. Topics include his military experiences and the death of his young wife. Correspondents include his mother, brother, sister, and Francis Eppes. Seven of the letters are datelined from Tallahassee, where he lived and taught at the West Florida Seminary, including a letter from just after the Civil War (December 1865), where he worked for the United States Government shipping ordnance from Florida to South Carolina."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright has not been transferred to the Florida State University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright has not been transferred to the Florida State University Libraries.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_coll_ssim":["West Florida Seminary (Tallahassee, Fla.)","Eppes, Francis"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","West Florida Seminary (Tallahassee, Fla.)","Cross, James Lucius, 1834-1893","Eppes, Francis"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","West Florida Seminary (Tallahassee, Fla.)"],"persname_ssim":["Cross, James Lucius, 1834-1893","Eppes, Francis"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":18,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"9d920f97dc8304a1deec16d5","timestamp":"2026-04-21T04:12:54.662Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"9d920f97dc8304a1deec16d5","title_ssm":["Major James Lucius Cross Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Major James Lucius Cross Correspondence"],"ead_ssi":"9d920f97dc8304a1deec16d5","unitdate_ssm":["1861-1865","1861-1862","Date acquired: 00/00/1993"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1861-1862"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861-1865"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 00/00/1993"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 1997-003","/repositories/10/resources/1232"],"text":["MSS 1997-003","/repositories/10/resources/1232","Major James Lucius Cross Correspondence, 1861-1865, Date acquired: 00/00/1993, bulk 1861-1862","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Photocopying.","Correspondence","Collection is open to all researchers.","James Lucius Cross, was born October 27, 1834 in Frederick County, Virginia. In 1859, he married Betty Miller. Cross entered Virginia Military Institute on August 7, 1852 and graduated ninth in his class on July 4, 1856. According to William George Dodd, in his  History of West Florida Seminary , Major Cross was hired by the Seminary's Principal Philip H. Montague in the 1860-1861 academic year as a teacher of mathematics and tactics at the Seminary's boys' school. Major Cross replaced Professor James H. Lane, who resigned his position because of a grievance concerning the supervising and teaching of the younger boys.\n When the Civil War broke out in 1861, he was one of a few people with military experience available to prepare the Florida troops for war. He enlisted in July 12, 1861 at Jacksonville, Florida. In July 1862, he was appointed Major in the Provisional Army of the Confederacy. In March 1863, he was ordered to report to Maj. Gen. D. H. Hill at Goldsborough, NC and remained on his staff until early 1864. He then served in Mississippi and Florida and North Carolina and was paroled in May 1865 at Greensboro, NC as Major and Assistant Adjutant General.\n He returned to Tallahassee and taught math and tactics for the West Florida Seminary before moving to New Orleans, Louisiana around 1869. Cross taught at the University of Louisiana (now Tulane University) from 1878-1879. He died July 15, 1893 in Glade Springs, Virginia.\n A picture of Major Cross can be found in David W. Hartman and David Coles'  Biographical Rosters of Florida's Confederate and Union Soldiers, 1861-1865 , Volume I, and at the Museum of the Confederacy in Richmond, Virginia.","Portions of collection available online?: No","Burt Altman, Special Collections Department staff member, processed the Major James Lucius Cross Correspondence in 1997. The original letters have been encapsulated. The finding aid was revised in 2005.","17 original, handwritten letters, mostly written by James Lucius Cross, arranged chronologically. Some of the letters have been photocopied. Topics include his military experiences and the death of his young wife. Correspondents include his mother, brother, sister, and Francis Eppes. Seven of the letters are datelined from Tallahassee, where he lived and taught at the West Florida Seminary, including a letter from just after the Civil War (December 1865), where he worked for the United States Government shipping ordnance from Florida to South Carolina.","Copyright has not been transferred to the Florida State University Libraries.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","West Florida Seminary (Tallahassee, Fla.)","Cross, James Lucius, 1834-1893","Eppes, Francis","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 1997-003","/repositories/10/resources/1232"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1861-1865, Date acquired: 00/00/1993, bulk 1861-1862"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Major James Lucius Cross Correspondence, 1861-1865, Date acquired: 00/00/1993, bulk 1861-1862"],"collection_title_tesim":["Major James Lucius Cross Correspondence, 1861-1865, Date acquired: 00/00/1993, bulk 1861-1862"],"collection_ssim":["Major James Lucius Cross Correspondence, 1861-1865, Date acquired: 00/00/1993, bulk 1861-1862"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Cross, James Lucius, 1834-1893"],"creator_ssim":["Cross, James Lucius, 1834-1893"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cross, James Lucius, 1834-1893"],"creators_ssim":["Cross, James Lucius, 1834-1893"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright has not been transferred to the Florida State University Libraries.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Special Collections Department purchased the Major James Lucius Cross Correspondence from rare manuscript and book dealer Charles Apfelbaum in 1993."],"access_subjects_ssim":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Photocopying.","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Photocopying.","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.40 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1.40 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863,1864,1865],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Lucius Cross, was born October 27, 1834 in Frederick County, Virginia. In 1859, he married Betty Miller. Cross entered Virginia Military Institute on August 7, 1852 and graduated ninth in his class on July 4, 1856. According to William George Dodd, in his \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistory of West Florida Seminary\u003c/emph\u003e, Major Cross was hired by the Seminary's Principal Philip H. Montague in the 1860-1861 academic year as a teacher of mathematics and tactics at the Seminary's boys' school. Major Cross replaced Professor James H. Lane, who resigned his position because of a grievance concerning the supervising and teaching of the younger boys.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWhen the Civil War broke out in 1861, he was one of a few people with military experience available to prepare the Florida troops for war. He enlisted in July 12, 1861 at Jacksonville, Florida. In July 1862, he was appointed Major in the Provisional Army of the Confederacy. In March 1863, he was ordered to report to Maj. Gen. D. H. Hill at Goldsborough, NC and remained on his staff until early 1864. He then served in Mississippi and Florida and North Carolina and was paroled in May 1865 at Greensboro, NC as Major and Assistant Adjutant General.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHe returned to Tallahassee and taught math and tactics for the West Florida Seminary before moving to New Orleans, Louisiana around 1869. Cross taught at the University of Louisiana (now Tulane University) from 1878-1879. He died July 15, 1893 in Glade Springs, Virginia.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA picture of Major Cross can be found in David W. Hartman and David Coles' \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBiographical Rosters of Florida's Confederate and Union Soldiers, 1861-1865\u003c/emph\u003e, Volume I, and at the Museum of the Confederacy in Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Lucius Cross, was born October 27, 1834 in Frederick County, Virginia. In 1859, he married Betty Miller. Cross entered Virginia Military Institute on August 7, 1852 and graduated ninth in his class on July 4, 1856. According to William George Dodd, in his  History of West Florida Seminary , Major Cross was hired by the Seminary's Principal Philip H. Montague in the 1860-1861 academic year as a teacher of mathematics and tactics at the Seminary's boys' school. Major Cross replaced Professor James H. Lane, who resigned his position because of a grievance concerning the supervising and teaching of the younger boys.\n When the Civil War broke out in 1861, he was one of a few people with military experience available to prepare the Florida troops for war. He enlisted in July 12, 1861 at Jacksonville, Florida. In July 1862, he was appointed Major in the Provisional Army of the Confederacy. In March 1863, he was ordered to report to Maj. Gen. D. H. Hill at Goldsborough, NC and remained on his staff until early 1864. He then served in Mississippi and Florida and North Carolina and was paroled in May 1865 at Greensboro, NC as Major and Assistant Adjutant General.\n He returned to Tallahassee and taught math and tactics for the West Florida Seminary before moving to New Orleans, Louisiana around 1869. Cross taught at the University of Louisiana (now Tulane University) from 1878-1879. He died July 15, 1893 in Glade Springs, Virginia.\n A picture of Major Cross can be found in David W. Hartman and David Coles'  Biographical Rosters of Florida's Confederate and Union Soldiers, 1861-1865 , Volume I, and at the Museum of the Confederacy in Richmond, Virginia."],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePortions of collection available online?: No\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Originals"],"originalsloc_tesim":["Portions of collection available online?: No"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], Major James Lucius Cross Correspondence, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-1997-003\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], Major James Lucius Cross Correspondence, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-1997-003"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBurt Altman, Special Collections Department staff member, processed the Major James Lucius Cross Correspondence in 1997. 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Seven of the letters are datelined from Tallahassee, where he lived and taught at the West Florida Seminary, including a letter from just after the Civil War (December 1865), where he worked for the United States Government shipping ordnance from Florida to South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["17 original, handwritten letters, mostly written by James Lucius Cross, arranged chronologically. Some of the letters have been photocopied. Topics include his military experiences and the death of his young wife. Correspondents include his mother, brother, sister, and Francis Eppes. Seven of the letters are datelined from Tallahassee, where he lived and taught at the West Florida Seminary, including a letter from just after the Civil War (December 1865), where he worked for the United States Government shipping ordnance from Florida to South Carolina."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright has not been transferred to the Florida State University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright has not been transferred to the Florida State University Libraries.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_coll_ssim":["West Florida Seminary (Tallahassee, Fla.)","Eppes, Francis"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","West Florida Seminary (Tallahassee, Fla.)","Cross, James Lucius, 1834-1893","Eppes, Francis"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","West Florida Seminary (Tallahassee, Fla.)"],"persname_ssim":["Cross, James Lucius, 1834-1893","Eppes, Francis"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":18,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"9d920f97dc8304a1deec16d5","timestamp":"2026-04-21T04:12:54.662Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/9d920f97dc8304a1deec16d5"}},{"id":"8aac326a2c86018d5abf311c","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"\"Major William Lauderdale\" by Lester Olsen, Undated","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8aac326a2c86018d5abf311c#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003ePainting of Major William Lauderdale by Lester Olsen completed from the artist's conception taken from written descriptions and other known facts about Lauderdale.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8aac326a2c86018d5abf311c#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"8aac326a2c86018d5abf311c","title_filing_ssi":"Major William Lauderdale\" by Lester Olsen","title_ssm":["\"Major William Lauderdale\" by Lester Olsen"],"title_tesim":["\"Major William Lauderdale\" by Lester Olsen"],"ead_ssi":"8aac326a2c86018d5abf311c","unitdate_ssm":["Undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Item","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["BCHA.1984.12","/repositories/4/resources/443"],"text":["BCHA.1984.12","/repositories/4/resources/443","\"Major William Lauderdale\" by Lester Olsen, Undated","\"Major William Lauderdale\" by Lester Olsen is open for research.","This collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.","Painting of Major William Lauderdale by Lester Olsen completed from the artist's conception taken from written descriptions and other known facts about Lauderdale."," Broward County Historical Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["BCHA.1984.12","/repositories/4/resources/443"],"normalized_date_ssm":["Undated"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"Major William Lauderdale\" by Lester Olsen, Undated"],"collection_title_tesim":["\"Major William Lauderdale\" by Lester Olsen, Undated"],"collection_ssim":["\"Major William Lauderdale\" by Lester Olsen, Undated"],"repository_ssm":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Lester Olsen donated the materials to the Broward County Historical Commission on 08/30/1984 (Accession BCHA-1984.12)."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Artwork"],"extent_tesim":["1 Artwork"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Major William Lauderdale\" by Lester Olsen is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["\"Major William Lauderdale\" by Lester Olsen is open for research."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Major William Lauderdale\" by Lester Olsen (BCHA-1984.12), Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["\"Major William Lauderdale\" by Lester Olsen (BCHA-1984.12), Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePainting of Major William Lauderdale by Lester Olsen completed from the artist's conception taken from written descriptions and other known facts about Lauderdale.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Painting of Major William Lauderdale by Lester Olsen completed from the artist's conception taken from written descriptions and other known facts about Lauderdale."],"names_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives"],"corpname_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870840848188440576,"_root_":"8aac326a2c86018d5abf311c","timestamp":"2026-07-16T03:34:26.999Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"8aac326a2c86018d5abf311c","title_filing_ssi":"Major William Lauderdale\" by Lester Olsen","title_ssm":["\"Major William Lauderdale\" by Lester Olsen"],"title_tesim":["\"Major William Lauderdale\" by Lester Olsen"],"ead_ssi":"8aac326a2c86018d5abf311c","unitdate_ssm":["Undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Item","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["BCHA.1984.12","/repositories/4/resources/443"],"text":["BCHA.1984.12","/repositories/4/resources/443","\"Major William Lauderdale\" by Lester Olsen, Undated","\"Major William Lauderdale\" by Lester Olsen is open for research.","This collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.","Painting of Major William Lauderdale by Lester Olsen completed from the artist's conception taken from written descriptions and other known facts about Lauderdale."," Broward County Historical Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["BCHA.1984.12","/repositories/4/resources/443"],"normalized_date_ssm":["Undated"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"Major William Lauderdale\" by Lester Olsen, Undated"],"collection_title_tesim":["\"Major William Lauderdale\" by Lester Olsen, Undated"],"collection_ssim":["\"Major William Lauderdale\" by Lester Olsen, Undated"],"repository_ssm":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Lester Olsen donated the materials to the Broward County Historical Commission on 08/30/1984 (Accession BCHA-1984.12)."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Artwork"],"extent_tesim":["1 Artwork"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Major William Lauderdale\" by Lester Olsen is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["\"Major William Lauderdale\" by Lester Olsen is open for research."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Major William Lauderdale\" by Lester Olsen (BCHA-1984.12), Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["\"Major William Lauderdale\" by Lester Olsen (BCHA-1984.12), Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection received container level processing. 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The former consists of naval covers from ships assigned to the U.S. Asiatic Fleet. While the ships may have served with other fleets and stations over their service lives, only their time in this specific fleet is represented here. The latter portion of the collection represents communications to or from shipyards and submarine bases. While some communication is directed to or from a specific boat (the proper term for a submarine), the cachet on the cover is the focus of the collection. \u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5e441c26c224fc2443904339#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"5e441c26c224fc2443904339","title_ssm":["Maks Dikarev Naval Cover Collection"],"title_tesim":["Maks Dikarev Naval Cover Collection"],"ead_ssi":"5e441c26c224fc2443904339","unitdate_ssm":["1927-1941","1954-1982"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1927-1941","1954-1982"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SPC9050","/repositories/2/resources/108"],"text":["SPC9050","/repositories/2/resources/108","Maks Dikarev Naval Cover Collection, 1927-1941, 1954-1982","Naval battles in art","Cold War","Naval History","Navy yards and naval stations","Communications, Military","United States. Navy-- Records and correspondence","Modern naval history","Warships","China--Sino-Japanese Conflict, 1931-1933","China--Sino-Japanese War, 1937-1945","Nuclear submarines","Mail art","This collection is open for research.","The materials in this collection are arranged in the following series' and sub-series:","Series:\nU.S. Asiatic Fleet","\nSub-series: \n    \t\t\tAircraft Carrier\n                Battleship\n                Collier\n                Cruiser\n                Destroyer\n                Destroyer Tender\t\n                Freighter\n                Gunboat\n                Minesweeper\n                Patrol Yacht\n                Seaplane Tender\n                Submarine\n                Submarine Rescue Vessel\n                Submarine Tender\n                Tug\n                Shore Base\n                Photographs\nCold War","\nSub-series:\n    \t\t\tHeavy Cruiser\n    \t\t\tNaval Base\n                Other Locations\n                Replenishment Oiler\n                Sub Tender","This collection consists of naval covers created during the interwar period of the 1920s and 1930s, as well as the Cold War period of the early 1950s through the early 1980s. ","According to the Naval Cover Museum, \"a naval cover is any envelope, postcard, or other postal medium that is mailed from or somehow related to a navy ship, location, or event. Beginning in 1908, post offices were established on board U.S. Navy ships and each ship had one or more postmarks to \"cancel\" the stamps used on the cover. The postmark, or cancellation, would usually have the ship's name and the date that the cover was cancelled.\" Additionally, \"starting in the 1930's, covers with printed designs, called cachets, began appearing and established a large following. Many different cachets were designed and sent to various ships to be cancelled and mailed. Some cachets were designed for a specific ship while others were generic (perhaps for a holiday or commemorating an historical event) and sent to many different ships.\" While the use of cachets diminished during the Second World War, they were revived at its conclusion and are still in use to this day. ","The focus of the interwar covers in this collection is of the U.S. Asiatic Fleet, which was responsible for protecting and advancing U.S. interests in the western Pacific area and China. This was also a period of conflict between the Republic of China and Imperial Japan, and incidents such as the Japanese attack on the USS Panay in 1937 are commemorated in the artwork on the covers. Many of the ships represented in this collection went on to serve valiantly in the Second World War. Several were subsequently lost to enemy action. The second half of the collection focuses on the fleet of United States' first and second generation of nuclear-powered submarines in service from the 1950s through the 1970s, including the USS Nautilus. Attack submarines and ballistic missile submarines are represented, with covers and postmarks from important submarine shipyards and naval bases.","The materials represent two time periods: The late 1920s through the beginning of the Second World War, and the early Cold War period of the 1950s through the 1970s. The former consists of naval covers from ships assigned to the U.S. Asiatic Fleet. While the ships may have served with other fleets and stations over their service lives, only their time in this specific fleet is represented here. The latter portion of the collection represents communications to or from shipyards and submarine bases. While some communication is directed to or from a specific boat (the proper term for a submarine), the cachet on the cover is the focus of the collection. ","As I was conducting research for this collection, I noticed that some ships were built for one particular purpose, yet at the time of the creation of the collection item, their role (and perhaps name) had changed. The collection will reflect the name and role of the ship at the time these items were created. Additionally, hull number will be included, as in some cases multiple ships have carried the same name (i.e. Enterprise). ","The Maks Dikarev Naval Cover Collection is owned by Florida International University.  This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general","FIU Special Collections","Maksimilian Dikarev","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SPC9050","/repositories/2/resources/108"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1927-1941, 1954-1982"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Maks Dikarev Naval Cover Collection, 1927-1941, 1954-1982"],"collection_title_tesim":["Maks Dikarev Naval Cover Collection, 1927-1941, 1954-1982"],"collection_ssim":["Maks Dikarev Naval Cover Collection, 1927-1941, 1954-1982"],"repository_ssm":["FIU Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Naval battles in art","Cold War"],"geogname_ssim":["Naval battles in art","Cold War"],"creator_ssm":["Maksimilian Dikarev"],"creator_ssim":["Maksimilian Dikarev"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Maksimilian Dikarev"],"creators_ssim":["Maksimilian Dikarev"],"places_ssim":["Naval battles in art","Cold War"],"access_terms_ssm":["The Maks Dikarev Naval Cover Collection is owned by Florida International University.  This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Materials were donated by Maksimilian Dikarev."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Naval History","Navy yards and naval stations","Communications, Military","United States. Navy-- Records and correspondence","Modern naval history","Warships","China--Sino-Japanese Conflict, 1931-1933","China--Sino-Japanese War, 1937-1945","Nuclear submarines","Mail art"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Naval History","Navy yards and naval stations","Communications, Military","United States. Navy-- Records and correspondence","Modern naval history","Warships","China--Sino-Japanese Conflict, 1931-1933","China--Sino-Japanese War, 1937-1945","Nuclear submarines","Mail art"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1.5 Linear Feet"],"physfacet_tesim":["1 Banker box and 1 5\" Legal size document case. "],"date_range_isim":[1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this collection are arranged in the following series' and sub-series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries:\nU.S. Asiatic Fleet\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSub-series: \n    \t\t\tAircraft Carrier\n                Battleship\n                Collier\n                Cruiser\n                Destroyer\n                Destroyer Tender\t\n                Freighter\n                Gunboat\n                Minesweeper\n                Patrol Yacht\n                Seaplane Tender\n                Submarine\n                Submarine Rescue Vessel\n                Submarine Tender\n                Tug\n                Shore Base\n                Photographs\nCold War\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSub-series:\n    \t\t\tHeavy Cruiser\n    \t\t\tNaval Base\n                Other Locations\n                Replenishment Oiler\n                Sub Tender\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The materials in this collection are arranged in the following series' and sub-series:","Series:\nU.S. Asiatic Fleet","\nSub-series: \n    \t\t\tAircraft Carrier\n                Battleship\n                Collier\n                Cruiser\n                Destroyer\n                Destroyer Tender\t\n                Freighter\n                Gunboat\n                Minesweeper\n                Patrol Yacht\n                Seaplane Tender\n                Submarine\n                Submarine Rescue Vessel\n                Submarine Tender\n                Tug\n                Shore Base\n                Photographs\nCold War","\nSub-series:\n    \t\t\tHeavy Cruiser\n    \t\t\tNaval Base\n                Other Locations\n                Replenishment Oiler\n                Sub Tender"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of naval covers created during the interwar period of the 1920s and 1930s, as well as the Cold War period of the early 1950s through the early 1980s. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAccording to the Naval Cover Museum, \"a naval cover is any envelope, postcard, or other postal medium that is mailed from or somehow related to a navy ship, location, or event. Beginning in 1908, post offices were established on board U.S. Navy ships and each ship had one or more postmarks to \"cancel\" the stamps used on the cover. The postmark, or cancellation, would usually have the ship's name and the date that the cover was cancelled.\" Additionally, \"starting in the 1930's, covers with printed designs, called cachets, began appearing and established a large following. Many different cachets were designed and sent to various ships to be cancelled and mailed. Some cachets were designed for a specific ship while others were generic (perhaps for a holiday or commemorating an historical event) and sent to many different ships.\" While the use of cachets diminished during the Second World War, they were revived at its conclusion and are still in use to this day. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe focus of the interwar covers in this collection is of the U.S. Asiatic Fleet, which was responsible for protecting and advancing U.S. interests in the western Pacific area and China. This was also a period of conflict between the Republic of China and Imperial Japan, and incidents such as the Japanese attack on the USS Panay in 1937 are commemorated in the artwork on the covers. Many of the ships represented in this collection went on to serve valiantly in the Second World War. Several were subsequently lost to enemy action. The second half of the collection focuses on the fleet of United States' first and second generation of nuclear-powered submarines in service from the 1950s through the 1970s, including the USS Nautilus. Attack submarines and ballistic missile submarines are represented, with covers and postmarks from important submarine shipyards and naval bases.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["This collection consists of naval covers created during the interwar period of the 1920s and 1930s, as well as the Cold War period of the early 1950s through the early 1980s. ","According to the Naval Cover Museum, \"a naval cover is any envelope, postcard, or other postal medium that is mailed from or somehow related to a navy ship, location, or event. Beginning in 1908, post offices were established on board U.S. Navy ships and each ship had one or more postmarks to \"cancel\" the stamps used on the cover. The postmark, or cancellation, would usually have the ship's name and the date that the cover was cancelled.\" Additionally, \"starting in the 1930's, covers with printed designs, called cachets, began appearing and established a large following. Many different cachets were designed and sent to various ships to be cancelled and mailed. Some cachets were designed for a specific ship while others were generic (perhaps for a holiday or commemorating an historical event) and sent to many different ships.\" While the use of cachets diminished during the Second World War, they were revived at its conclusion and are still in use to this day. ","The focus of the interwar covers in this collection is of the U.S. Asiatic Fleet, which was responsible for protecting and advancing U.S. interests in the western Pacific area and China. This was also a period of conflict between the Republic of China and Imperial Japan, and incidents such as the Japanese attack on the USS Panay in 1937 are commemorated in the artwork on the covers. Many of the ships represented in this collection went on to serve valiantly in the Second World War. Several were subsequently lost to enemy action. The second half of the collection focuses on the fleet of United States' first and second generation of nuclear-powered submarines in service from the 1950s through the 1970s, including the USS Nautilus. Attack submarines and ballistic missile submarines are represented, with covers and postmarks from important submarine shipyards and naval bases."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials represent two time periods: The late 1920s through the beginning of the Second World War, and the early Cold War period of the 1950s through the 1970s. The former consists of naval covers from ships assigned to the U.S. Asiatic Fleet. While the ships may have served with other fleets and stations over their service lives, only their time in this specific fleet is represented here. The latter portion of the collection represents communications to or from shipyards and submarine bases. While some communication is directed to or from a specific boat (the proper term for a submarine), the cachet on the cover is the focus of the collection. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs I was conducting research for this collection, I noticed that some ships were built for one particular purpose, yet at the time of the creation of the collection item, their role (and perhaps name) had changed. The collection will reflect the name and role of the ship at the time these items were created. Additionally, hull number will be included, as in some cases multiple ships have carried the same name (i.e. Enterprise). \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The materials represent two time periods: The late 1920s through the beginning of the Second World War, and the early Cold War period of the 1950s through the 1970s. The former consists of naval covers from ships assigned to the U.S. Asiatic Fleet. While the ships may have served with other fleets and stations over their service lives, only their time in this specific fleet is represented here. The latter portion of the collection represents communications to or from shipyards and submarine bases. While some communication is directed to or from a specific boat (the proper term for a submarine), the cachet on the cover is the focus of the collection. ","As I was conducting research for this collection, I noticed that some ships were built for one particular purpose, yet at the time of the creation of the collection item, their role (and perhaps name) had changed. The collection will reflect the name and role of the ship at the time these items were created. Additionally, hull number will be included, as in some cases multiple ships have carried the same name (i.e. Enterprise). "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Maks Dikarev Naval Cover Collection is owned by Florida International University.  This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The Maks Dikarev Naval Cover Collection is owned by Florida International University.  This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"names_ssim":["FIU Special Collections","Maksimilian Dikarev"],"corpname_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Maksimilian Dikarev"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":122,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870844426508566528,"_root_":"5e441c26c224fc2443904339","timestamp":"2026-07-16T04:31:19.551Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"5e441c26c224fc2443904339","title_ssm":["Maks Dikarev Naval Cover Collection"],"title_tesim":["Maks Dikarev Naval Cover Collection"],"ead_ssi":"5e441c26c224fc2443904339","unitdate_ssm":["1927-1941","1954-1982"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1927-1941","1954-1982"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SPC9050","/repositories/2/resources/108"],"text":["SPC9050","/repositories/2/resources/108","Maks Dikarev Naval Cover Collection, 1927-1941, 1954-1982","Naval battles in art","Cold War","Naval History","Navy yards and naval stations","Communications, Military","United States. Navy-- Records and correspondence","Modern naval history","Warships","China--Sino-Japanese Conflict, 1931-1933","China--Sino-Japanese War, 1937-1945","Nuclear submarines","Mail art","This collection is open for research.","The materials in this collection are arranged in the following series' and sub-series:","Series:\nU.S. Asiatic Fleet","\nSub-series: \n    \t\t\tAircraft Carrier\n                Battleship\n                Collier\n                Cruiser\n                Destroyer\n                Destroyer Tender\t\n                Freighter\n                Gunboat\n                Minesweeper\n                Patrol Yacht\n                Seaplane Tender\n                Submarine\n                Submarine Rescue Vessel\n                Submarine Tender\n                Tug\n                Shore Base\n                Photographs\nCold War","\nSub-series:\n    \t\t\tHeavy Cruiser\n    \t\t\tNaval Base\n                Other Locations\n                Replenishment Oiler\n                Sub Tender","This collection consists of naval covers created during the interwar period of the 1920s and 1930s, as well as the Cold War period of the early 1950s through the early 1980s. ","According to the Naval Cover Museum, \"a naval cover is any envelope, postcard, or other postal medium that is mailed from or somehow related to a navy ship, location, or event. Beginning in 1908, post offices were established on board U.S. Navy ships and each ship had one or more postmarks to \"cancel\" the stamps used on the cover. The postmark, or cancellation, would usually have the ship's name and the date that the cover was cancelled.\" Additionally, \"starting in the 1930's, covers with printed designs, called cachets, began appearing and established a large following. Many different cachets were designed and sent to various ships to be cancelled and mailed. Some cachets were designed for a specific ship while others were generic (perhaps for a holiday or commemorating an historical event) and sent to many different ships.\" While the use of cachets diminished during the Second World War, they were revived at its conclusion and are still in use to this day. ","The focus of the interwar covers in this collection is of the U.S. Asiatic Fleet, which was responsible for protecting and advancing U.S. interests in the western Pacific area and China. This was also a period of conflict between the Republic of China and Imperial Japan, and incidents such as the Japanese attack on the USS Panay in 1937 are commemorated in the artwork on the covers. Many of the ships represented in this collection went on to serve valiantly in the Second World War. Several were subsequently lost to enemy action. The second half of the collection focuses on the fleet of United States' first and second generation of nuclear-powered submarines in service from the 1950s through the 1970s, including the USS Nautilus. Attack submarines and ballistic missile submarines are represented, with covers and postmarks from important submarine shipyards and naval bases.","The materials represent two time periods: The late 1920s through the beginning of the Second World War, and the early Cold War period of the 1950s through the 1970s. The former consists of naval covers from ships assigned to the U.S. Asiatic Fleet. While the ships may have served with other fleets and stations over their service lives, only their time in this specific fleet is represented here. The latter portion of the collection represents communications to or from shipyards and submarine bases. While some communication is directed to or from a specific boat (the proper term for a submarine), the cachet on the cover is the focus of the collection. ","As I was conducting research for this collection, I noticed that some ships were built for one particular purpose, yet at the time of the creation of the collection item, their role (and perhaps name) had changed. The collection will reflect the name and role of the ship at the time these items were created. Additionally, hull number will be included, as in some cases multiple ships have carried the same name (i.e. Enterprise). ","The Maks Dikarev Naval Cover Collection is owned by Florida International University.  This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general","FIU Special Collections","Maksimilian Dikarev","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SPC9050","/repositories/2/resources/108"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1927-1941, 1954-1982"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Maks Dikarev Naval Cover Collection, 1927-1941, 1954-1982"],"collection_title_tesim":["Maks Dikarev Naval Cover Collection, 1927-1941, 1954-1982"],"collection_ssim":["Maks Dikarev Naval Cover Collection, 1927-1941, 1954-1982"],"repository_ssm":["FIU Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Naval battles in art","Cold War"],"geogname_ssim":["Naval battles in art","Cold War"],"creator_ssm":["Maksimilian Dikarev"],"creator_ssim":["Maksimilian Dikarev"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Maksimilian Dikarev"],"creators_ssim":["Maksimilian Dikarev"],"places_ssim":["Naval battles in art","Cold War"],"access_terms_ssm":["The Maks Dikarev Naval Cover Collection is owned by Florida International University.  This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Materials were donated by Maksimilian Dikarev."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Naval History","Navy yards and naval stations","Communications, Military","United States. Navy-- Records and correspondence","Modern naval history","Warships","China--Sino-Japanese Conflict, 1931-1933","China--Sino-Japanese War, 1937-1945","Nuclear submarines","Mail art"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Naval History","Navy yards and naval stations","Communications, Military","United States. Navy-- Records and correspondence","Modern naval history","Warships","China--Sino-Japanese Conflict, 1931-1933","China--Sino-Japanese War, 1937-1945","Nuclear submarines","Mail art"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1.5 Linear Feet"],"physfacet_tesim":["1 Banker box and 1 5\" Legal size document case. "],"date_range_isim":[1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this collection are arranged in the following series' and sub-series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries:\nU.S. Asiatic Fleet\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSub-series: \n    \t\t\tAircraft Carrier\n                Battleship\n                Collier\n                Cruiser\n                Destroyer\n                Destroyer Tender\t\n                Freighter\n                Gunboat\n                Minesweeper\n                Patrol Yacht\n                Seaplane Tender\n                Submarine\n                Submarine Rescue Vessel\n                Submarine Tender\n                Tug\n                Shore Base\n                Photographs\nCold War\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSub-series:\n    \t\t\tHeavy Cruiser\n    \t\t\tNaval Base\n                Other Locations\n                Replenishment Oiler\n                Sub Tender\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The materials in this collection are arranged in the following series' and sub-series:","Series:\nU.S. Asiatic Fleet","\nSub-series: \n    \t\t\tAircraft Carrier\n                Battleship\n                Collier\n                Cruiser\n                Destroyer\n                Destroyer Tender\t\n                Freighter\n                Gunboat\n                Minesweeper\n                Patrol Yacht\n                Seaplane Tender\n                Submarine\n                Submarine Rescue Vessel\n                Submarine Tender\n                Tug\n                Shore Base\n                Photographs\nCold War","\nSub-series:\n    \t\t\tHeavy Cruiser\n    \t\t\tNaval Base\n                Other Locations\n                Replenishment Oiler\n                Sub Tender"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of naval covers created during the interwar period of the 1920s and 1930s, as well as the Cold War period of the early 1950s through the early 1980s. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAccording to the Naval Cover Museum, \"a naval cover is any envelope, postcard, or other postal medium that is mailed from or somehow related to a navy ship, location, or event. Beginning in 1908, post offices were established on board U.S. Navy ships and each ship had one or more postmarks to \"cancel\" the stamps used on the cover. The postmark, or cancellation, would usually have the ship's name and the date that the cover was cancelled.\" Additionally, \"starting in the 1930's, covers with printed designs, called cachets, began appearing and established a large following. Many different cachets were designed and sent to various ships to be cancelled and mailed. Some cachets were designed for a specific ship while others were generic (perhaps for a holiday or commemorating an historical event) and sent to many different ships.\" While the use of cachets diminished during the Second World War, they were revived at its conclusion and are still in use to this day. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe focus of the interwar covers in this collection is of the U.S. Asiatic Fleet, which was responsible for protecting and advancing U.S. interests in the western Pacific area and China. This was also a period of conflict between the Republic of China and Imperial Japan, and incidents such as the Japanese attack on the USS Panay in 1937 are commemorated in the artwork on the covers. Many of the ships represented in this collection went on to serve valiantly in the Second World War. Several were subsequently lost to enemy action. The second half of the collection focuses on the fleet of United States' first and second generation of nuclear-powered submarines in service from the 1950s through the 1970s, including the USS Nautilus. Attack submarines and ballistic missile submarines are represented, with covers and postmarks from important submarine shipyards and naval bases.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["This collection consists of naval covers created during the interwar period of the 1920s and 1930s, as well as the Cold War period of the early 1950s through the early 1980s. ","According to the Naval Cover Museum, \"a naval cover is any envelope, postcard, or other postal medium that is mailed from or somehow related to a navy ship, location, or event. Beginning in 1908, post offices were established on board U.S. Navy ships and each ship had one or more postmarks to \"cancel\" the stamps used on the cover. The postmark, or cancellation, would usually have the ship's name and the date that the cover was cancelled.\" Additionally, \"starting in the 1930's, covers with printed designs, called cachets, began appearing and established a large following. Many different cachets were designed and sent to various ships to be cancelled and mailed. Some cachets were designed for a specific ship while others were generic (perhaps for a holiday or commemorating an historical event) and sent to many different ships.\" While the use of cachets diminished during the Second World War, they were revived at its conclusion and are still in use to this day. ","The focus of the interwar covers in this collection is of the U.S. Asiatic Fleet, which was responsible for protecting and advancing U.S. interests in the western Pacific area and China. This was also a period of conflict between the Republic of China and Imperial Japan, and incidents such as the Japanese attack on the USS Panay in 1937 are commemorated in the artwork on the covers. Many of the ships represented in this collection went on to serve valiantly in the Second World War. Several were subsequently lost to enemy action. The second half of the collection focuses on the fleet of United States' first and second generation of nuclear-powered submarines in service from the 1950s through the 1970s, including the USS Nautilus. Attack submarines and ballistic missile submarines are represented, with covers and postmarks from important submarine shipyards and naval bases."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials represent two time periods: The late 1920s through the beginning of the Second World War, and the early Cold War period of the 1950s through the 1970s. The former consists of naval covers from ships assigned to the U.S. Asiatic Fleet. While the ships may have served with other fleets and stations over their service lives, only their time in this specific fleet is represented here. The latter portion of the collection represents communications to or from shipyards and submarine bases. While some communication is directed to or from a specific boat (the proper term for a submarine), the cachet on the cover is the focus of the collection. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs I was conducting research for this collection, I noticed that some ships were built for one particular purpose, yet at the time of the creation of the collection item, their role (and perhaps name) had changed. The collection will reflect the name and role of the ship at the time these items were created. Additionally, hull number will be included, as in some cases multiple ships have carried the same name (i.e. Enterprise). \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The materials represent two time periods: The late 1920s through the beginning of the Second World War, and the early Cold War period of the 1950s through the 1970s. The former consists of naval covers from ships assigned to the U.S. Asiatic Fleet. While the ships may have served with other fleets and stations over their service lives, only their time in this specific fleet is represented here. The latter portion of the collection represents communications to or from shipyards and submarine bases. While some communication is directed to or from a specific boat (the proper term for a submarine), the cachet on the cover is the focus of the collection. ","As I was conducting research for this collection, I noticed that some ships were built for one particular purpose, yet at the time of the creation of the collection item, their role (and perhaps name) had changed. The collection will reflect the name and role of the ship at the time these items were created. Additionally, hull number will be included, as in some cases multiple ships have carried the same name (i.e. Enterprise). "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Maks Dikarev Naval Cover Collection is owned by Florida International University.  This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The Maks Dikarev Naval Cover Collection is owned by Florida International University.  This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"names_ssim":["FIU Special Collections","Maksimilian Dikarev"],"corpname_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Maksimilian Dikarev"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":122,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870844426508566528,"_root_":"5e441c26c224fc2443904339","timestamp":"2026-07-16T04:31:19.551Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5e441c26c224fc2443904339"}},{"id":"15ff1809a7d7fb04f91b71f8","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Malcahy, circa 1935-2012","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/15ff1809a7d7fb04f91b71f8#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"15ff1809a7d7fb04f91b71f8","title_ssm":["Malcahy"],"title_tesim":["Malcahy"],"ead_ssi":"15ff1809a7d7fb04f91b71f8","unitdate_ssm":["circa 1935-2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1935-2012"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["08.0079","/repositories/10/resources/2987"],"text":["08.0079","/repositories/10/resources/2987","Malcahy, circa 1935-2012","This collection is open to all researchers.","This collection is in a remote storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.","Copyright restrictions may apply to works in this collection. Re-use or copying beyond Fair Use may require permission from the rights-holder. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["08.0079","/repositories/10/resources/2987"],"normalized_date_ssm":["circa 1935-2012"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Malcahy, circa 1935-2012"],"collection_title_tesim":["Malcahy, circa 1935-2012"],"collection_ssim":["Malcahy, circa 1935-2012"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright restrictions may apply to works in this collection. Re-use or copying beyond Fair Use may require permission from the rights-holder. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["3 Linear Feet"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection is in a remote storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers.","This collection is in a remote storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Boxes and Folder number], Malcahy, 08.0079, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/WWII-08-0079\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Boxes and Folder number], Malcahy, 08.0079, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/WWII-08-0079"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright restrictions may apply to works in this collection. Re-use or copying beyond Fair Use may require permission from the rights-holder. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright restrictions may apply to works in this collection. Re-use or copying beyond Fair Use may require permission from the rights-holder. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1872125067808210944,"_root_":"15ff1809a7d7fb04f91b71f8","timestamp":"2026-07-30T07:46:34.269Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"15ff1809a7d7fb04f91b71f8","title_ssm":["Malcahy"],"title_tesim":["Malcahy"],"ead_ssi":"15ff1809a7d7fb04f91b71f8","unitdate_ssm":["circa 1935-2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1935-2012"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["08.0079","/repositories/10/resources/2987"],"text":["08.0079","/repositories/10/resources/2987","Malcahy, circa 1935-2012","This collection is open to all researchers.","This collection is in a remote storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.","Copyright restrictions may apply to works in this collection. Re-use or copying beyond Fair Use may require permission from the rights-holder. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["08.0079","/repositories/10/resources/2987"],"normalized_date_ssm":["circa 1935-2012"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Malcahy, circa 1935-2012"],"collection_title_tesim":["Malcahy, circa 1935-2012"],"collection_ssim":["Malcahy, circa 1935-2012"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright restrictions may apply to works in this collection. Re-use or copying beyond Fair Use may require permission from the rights-holder. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["3 Linear Feet"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection is in a remote storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers.","This collection is in a remote storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Boxes and Folder number], Malcahy, 08.0079, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/WWII-08-0079\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Boxes and Folder number], Malcahy, 08.0079, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/WWII-08-0079"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright restrictions may apply to works in this collection. Re-use or copying beyond Fair Use may require permission from the rights-holder. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright restrictions may apply to works in this collection. Re-use or copying beyond Fair Use may require permission from the rights-holder. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1872125067808210944,"_root_":"15ff1809a7d7fb04f91b71f8","timestamp":"2026-07-30T07:46:34.269Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/15ff1809a7d7fb04f91b71f8"}},{"id":"921a8c7a429edb69d12f0354","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Malcolm Johnson Collection, 1824-1984, n.d., bulk 1940-1978","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/921a8c7a429edb69d12f0354#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["The bulk of the Malcolm Johnson Collection documents Johnson's journalistic career from his time with the Associated Press from 1940-1954 to his editorship of the \u003cem\u003eTallahassee Democrat\u003c/em\u003e from 1954-1970. The collection includes correspondence, subject and personality files, clippings of Johnson's columns and editorials, photographs, speeches written by Johnson, memorabilia, and various published materials collected by Johnson over his career. In addition, there are materials related to the writing and publication of Johnson's books \u003cem\u003eI Declare\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eRed, White and Bluebloods in Frontier Florida\u003c/em\u003e, such as research materials, photographs, drafts and proofs."],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/921a8c7a429edb69d12f0354#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"921a8c7a429edb69d12f0354","title_ssm":["Malcolm Johnson Collection"],"title_tesim":["Malcolm Johnson Collection"],"ead_ssi":"921a8c7a429edb69d12f0354","unitdate_ssm":["1824-1984, n.d.","1940-1978"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1940-1978"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1824-1984, n.d."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 2003-24","/repositories/10/resources/509"],"text":["MSS 2003-24","/repositories/10/resources/509","Malcolm Johnson Collection, 1824-1984, n.d., bulk 1940-1978","Florida--History","Civil Rights--Florida--History","Florida--Politics and government","Legislators--Florida","Tallahassee (Fla.)--History","Newspapers","Manuscripts","This collection is open to all researchers. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.","Malcolm Johnson was born on February 13, 1913 in Wardner, Idaho. At the age of three Johnson's family moved to Youngstown, Alberta. In 1925, hoping to take advantage of the economic boom in Florida, Johnson's father moved his family to Jacksonville, Florida. In 1936, Johnson graduated from the University of Florida with a degree in journalism. He studied pre-med until his junior year when he switched to journalism, because he later remarked, it seemed journalism students were having \"a lot more fun.\" Immediately after graduation he briefly worked for the  Jacksonville Journal  and various other Florida newspapers.\n \tNineteen thirty-seven saw many changes in Johnson's life. In that year he married Dorothy Burt, a childhood friend from Jacksonville and went to work for the  Tallahassee Democrat  as the City Editor. In 1940 Johnson left the newspaper to work for the Associated Press in its Tallahassee Capitol Bureau. He remained there fourteen years, the last eleven of which he was Bureau Chief. In 1954 Johnson returned to the  Tallahassee Democrat  and became its Editor.\n \tApart from his editorials, Johnson wrote numerous columns during his twenty-three years as Editor of the  Tallahassee Democrat , including \"Under the Dome\" and \"Campaign Comment.\" However, he is best remembered for his weekly column \"I Declare.\" \"I Declare\" ran five days a week in the  Tallahassee Democrat  from 1965 to 1978 and at its height was syndicated in twenty-five Florida newspapers.\n \tJohnson's columns and editorials reflected his opinion on diverse issues. For instance, Johnson felt strongly about the preservation of nature and history in the \"Big Bend\" area, a name he coined for use in the  Tallahassee Democrat . With others he created the Upsy Daisy Plant Uplift Society that helped rescue plants that would have otherwise been destroyed by road and building construction. Johnson often wrote about local history and lore in his columns and published his own history of frontier Florida,  Red, White, and Bluebloods in Frontier Florida , in 1976. He and his wife were also active in the Tallahassee Historical Society.\n \tHowever, Johnson was a pragmatist and despite his work to preserve aspects of Tallahassee's natural and historic character, he realized that if Tallahassee was to grow certain improvements and additions needed to be made. In this regard he championed the expansion of the airport and the construction of a new library and hospital. He was one of the voices urging the building of a civic center and the development of a research park, the result of which became Innovation Park. Johnson also set up a group through the  Tallahassee Democrat  known as Funders Inc., which sent needy kids to summer camp.\n \tJohnson's tenure at the  Tallahassee Democrat  was not without controversy. His opinions could often be polarizing. He did not see the role of editor as an unbiased mediator. As he explained in one of his columns, \"There is no pretense of being unbiased or sitting in the middle of the road. We agree with the fellow who said he never saw much there except a yellow streak and once in a while a dead skunk or possum.\"\n \tJohnson retired from the  Tallahassee Democrat  in January of 1978. In 1984 he published  I Declare , a collection of essays encapsulating his twenty-three years at the  Tallahassee Democrat . Johnson died December 6, 1989.","Portions of collection available online?: No","Processing of this collection was partially funded by a National Historical and Publications Records Commission grant. The Malcolm Johnson Collection consists of six separate gifts given by Johnson over a period of years. To maintain the original order of these donations, each donation retains its assigned manuscript number but for ease of access, all have been combined into one finding aid.","Tallahassee Democrat Photographs, 1940-1974. State Archives of Florida. RG 900000, M82-77.\nPhotographs of ceremonies, political events, and news-room activities, documenting projects and news stories that Malcom B. Johnson covered while an Associated Press reporter and editor for the Tallahassee Democrat.","Manuscripts, proofs, campaign materials, newspaper clippings, photographs, correspondence, awards, speeches, reviews, and related materials of Malcolm Johnson, former editor of the  Tallahassee Democrat  newspaper, and a former Associated Press correspondent in Tallahassee, Florida. This collection consists primarily of election materials, correspondence, and papers regarding Johnson's  Red, White and Bluebloods in Frontier Florida . \n \tThe collection includes correspondence with: Alvah H. Chapman, Jr.; J. Montgomery Curtis; Fred O. Dickinson; Leon Dure; Don Fuqua; Lee Hills; Spessard L. Holland; Estes Kefauver; John S. Knight; Payne H. Midyette; Richard Nixon; Violet Pierce; B. A. Ross (Mr. \u0026 Mrs.); Roy W. Russell; Richard Stone; Stanley L. Tait; John M. Tapers; Fuller Warren and Broward Williams.\n \tSubjects and persons mentioned in the collection include: Farris Bryant, LeRoy Collins, John E. Evans, Capital Press Club of Florida, E. V. Fisher, J. Edwin Larson, John McCarty, the Democratic Party, Jefferson County, Robert Floyd, Bill C. Pearce, judges, Putnam County, the Rotary Club of Tallahassee, academic freedom, Boy Scouts, relocation of the Capitol, cemeteries, flood control, Church and State, civil rights, collective bargaining, communism, contests, Cross-Florida Barge Canal, the Declaration of Independence, the Democratic Convention, democrats, Downtown Idea Exchange, drugs, election campaigns, the electoral college, engineers, Equal Rights Amendment, FSNE, fairgrounds, family planning, Florida Civil War Centennial Commission, federal judges, Florida Heritage Foundation, Florida State University, fluoridation, Freedom of Information, Freedom of Press, G. O. P. Convention, governors, Historic American Buildings Survey, historic buildings, historical markers, Florida history, Tallahassee, Legislators, impeachment, integration, Interstate I-10, judicial fitness, land and water management, libraries, Manion Forum, Florida Geological Survey, the Intercoastal waterway, Miami newspapers, Monticello, NAACP, blacks, Newspaper Guild, nuclear testing, obscenity, oil, ombudsman, Parole Commission, phosphates, Plant Dig, Florida population, prison reform, prisons, Probation and Parole Commission, Pulitzer Prize, railroads, and schools.\n \tCollection also includes MSS 0-148, MSS 77-2, MSS 77-13 MSS 77-13a, and MSS 84-06","Select materials from the Malcolm Johnson Collection have been digitized and are available through the  FSU Digital Library .","Copyright holder for this collection is Florida State University.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","The bulk of the Malcolm Johnson Collection documents Johnson's journalistic career from his time with the Associated Press from 1940-1954 to his editorship of the  Tallahassee Democrat  from 1954-1970. The collection includes correspondence, subject and personality files, clippings of Johnson's columns and editorials, photographs, speeches written by Johnson, memorabilia, and various published materials collected by Johnson over his career. In addition, there are materials related to the writing and publication of Johnson's books  I Declare  and  Red, White and Bluebloods in Frontier Florida , such as research materials, photographs, drafts and proofs.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Florida. Governor","Democratic Party (Fla.)","Adams, Tom, 1917-","Johnson, Malcolm B., 1913-1989","Bryant, Farris, 1914-2002","Collins, LeRoy","Holland, Spessard L. (Spessard Lindsey), 1892-1971","Kefauver, Estes, 1903-1963","McCarty, John","Warren, Fuller, 1905-1973","Arkus, Harry M.","Bailey, Thomas D.","Carlton, Doyle Elam, 1885-1972","Dickinson, Fred O. (Fred Otis), 1922-1998","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 2003-24","/repositories/10/resources/509"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1824-1984, n.d., bulk 1940-1978"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Malcolm Johnson Collection, 1824-1984, n.d., bulk 1940-1978"],"collection_title_tesim":["Malcolm Johnson Collection, 1824-1984, n.d., bulk 1940-1978"],"collection_ssim":["Malcolm Johnson Collection, 1824-1984, n.d., bulk 1940-1978"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright holder for this collection is Florida State University.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Malcolm B. Johnson"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Florida--History","Civil Rights--Florida--History","Florida--Politics and government","Legislators--Florida","Tallahassee (Fla.)--History","Newspapers","Manuscripts"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Florida--History","Civil Rights--Florida--History","Florida--Politics and government","Legislators--Florida","Tallahassee (Fla.)--History","Newspapers","Manuscripts"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["37.75 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["37.75 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Newspapers","Manuscripts"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMalcolm Johnson was born on February 13, 1913 in Wardner, Idaho. At the age of three Johnson's family moved to Youngstown, Alberta. In 1925, hoping to take advantage of the economic boom in Florida, Johnson's father moved his family to Jacksonville, Florida. In 1936, Johnson graduated from the University of Florida with a degree in journalism. He studied pre-med until his junior year when he switched to journalism, because he later remarked, it seemed journalism students were having \"a lot more fun.\" Immediately after graduation he briefly worked for the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eJacksonville Journal\u003c/emph\u003e and various other Florida newspapers.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\tNineteen thirty-seven saw many changes in Johnson's life. In that year he married Dorothy Burt, a childhood friend from Jacksonville and went to work for the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTallahassee Democrat\u003c/emph\u003e as the City Editor. In 1940 Johnson left the newspaper to work for the Associated Press in its Tallahassee Capitol Bureau. He remained there fourteen years, the last eleven of which he was Bureau Chief. In 1954 Johnson returned to the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTallahassee Democrat\u003c/emph\u003e and became its Editor.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\tApart from his editorials, Johnson wrote numerous columns during his twenty-three years as Editor of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTallahassee Democrat\u003c/emph\u003e, including \"Under the Dome\" and \"Campaign Comment.\" However, he is best remembered for his weekly column \"I Declare.\" \"I Declare\" ran five days a week in the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTallahassee Democrat \u003c/emph\u003efrom 1965 to 1978 and at its height was syndicated in twenty-five Florida newspapers.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\tJohnson's columns and editorials reflected his opinion on diverse issues. For instance, Johnson felt strongly about the preservation of nature and history in the \"Big Bend\" area, a name he coined for use in the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTallahassee Democrat\u003c/emph\u003e. With others he created the Upsy Daisy Plant Uplift Society that helped rescue plants that would have otherwise been destroyed by road and building construction. Johnson often wrote about local history and lore in his columns and published his own history of frontier Florida, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRed, White, and Bluebloods in Frontier Florida\u003c/emph\u003e, in 1976. He and his wife were also active in the Tallahassee Historical Society.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\tHowever, Johnson was a pragmatist and despite his work to preserve aspects of Tallahassee's natural and historic character, he realized that if Tallahassee was to grow certain improvements and additions needed to be made. In this regard he championed the expansion of the airport and the construction of a new library and hospital. He was one of the voices urging the building of a civic center and the development of a research park, the result of which became Innovation Park. Johnson also set up a group through the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTallahassee Democrat\u003c/emph\u003e known as Funders Inc., which sent needy kids to summer camp.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\tJohnson's tenure at the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTallahassee Democrat\u003c/emph\u003e was not without controversy. His opinions could often be polarizing. He did not see the role of editor as an unbiased mediator. As he explained in one of his columns, \"There is no pretense of being unbiased or sitting in the middle of the road. We agree with the fellow who said he never saw much there except a yellow streak and once in a while a dead skunk or possum.\"\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\tJohnson retired from the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTallahassee Democrat\u003c/emph\u003e in January of 1978. In 1984 he published \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eI Declare\u003c/emph\u003e, a collection of essays encapsulating his twenty-three years at the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTallahassee Democrat\u003c/emph\u003e. Johnson died December 6, 1989.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Malcolm Johnson was born on February 13, 1913 in Wardner, Idaho. At the age of three Johnson's family moved to Youngstown, Alberta. In 1925, hoping to take advantage of the economic boom in Florida, Johnson's father moved his family to Jacksonville, Florida. In 1936, Johnson graduated from the University of Florida with a degree in journalism. He studied pre-med until his junior year when he switched to journalism, because he later remarked, it seemed journalism students were having \"a lot more fun.\" Immediately after graduation he briefly worked for the  Jacksonville Journal  and various other Florida newspapers.\n \tNineteen thirty-seven saw many changes in Johnson's life. In that year he married Dorothy Burt, a childhood friend from Jacksonville and went to work for the  Tallahassee Democrat  as the City Editor. In 1940 Johnson left the newspaper to work for the Associated Press in its Tallahassee Capitol Bureau. He remained there fourteen years, the last eleven of which he was Bureau Chief. In 1954 Johnson returned to the  Tallahassee Democrat  and became its Editor.\n \tApart from his editorials, Johnson wrote numerous columns during his twenty-three years as Editor of the  Tallahassee Democrat , including \"Under the Dome\" and \"Campaign Comment.\" However, he is best remembered for his weekly column \"I Declare.\" \"I Declare\" ran five days a week in the  Tallahassee Democrat  from 1965 to 1978 and at its height was syndicated in twenty-five Florida newspapers.\n \tJohnson's columns and editorials reflected his opinion on diverse issues. For instance, Johnson felt strongly about the preservation of nature and history in the \"Big Bend\" area, a name he coined for use in the  Tallahassee Democrat . With others he created the Upsy Daisy Plant Uplift Society that helped rescue plants that would have otherwise been destroyed by road and building construction. Johnson often wrote about local history and lore in his columns and published his own history of frontier Florida,  Red, White, and Bluebloods in Frontier Florida , in 1976. He and his wife were also active in the Tallahassee Historical Society.\n \tHowever, Johnson was a pragmatist and despite his work to preserve aspects of Tallahassee's natural and historic character, he realized that if Tallahassee was to grow certain improvements and additions needed to be made. In this regard he championed the expansion of the airport and the construction of a new library and hospital. He was one of the voices urging the building of a civic center and the development of a research park, the result of which became Innovation Park. Johnson also set up a group through the  Tallahassee Democrat  known as Funders Inc., which sent needy kids to summer camp.\n \tJohnson's tenure at the  Tallahassee Democrat  was not without controversy. His opinions could often be polarizing. He did not see the role of editor as an unbiased mediator. As he explained in one of his columns, \"There is no pretense of being unbiased or sitting in the middle of the road. We agree with the fellow who said he never saw much there except a yellow streak and once in a while a dead skunk or possum.\"\n \tJohnson retired from the  Tallahassee Democrat  in January of 1978. In 1984 he published  I Declare , a collection of essays encapsulating his twenty-three years at the  Tallahassee Democrat . Johnson died December 6, 1989."],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePortions of collection available online?: No\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Originals"],"originalsloc_tesim":["Portions of collection available online?: No"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMalcolm Johnson Collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-2003-24\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Malcolm Johnson Collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-2003-24"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing of this collection was partially funded by a National Historical and Publications Records Commission grant. The Malcolm Johnson Collection consists of six separate gifts given by Johnson over a period of years. To maintain the original order of these donations, each donation retains its assigned manuscript number but for ease of access, all have been combined into one finding aid.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing of this collection was partially funded by a National Historical and Publications Records Commission grant. The Malcolm Johnson Collection consists of six separate gifts given by Johnson over a period of years. To maintain the original order of these donations, each donation retains its assigned manuscript number but for ease of access, all have been combined into one finding aid."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTallahassee Democrat Photographs, 1940-1974. State Archives of Florida. RG 900000, M82-77.\nPhotographs of ceremonies, political events, and news-room activities, documenting projects and news stories that Malcom B. Johnson covered while an Associated Press reporter and editor for the Tallahassee Democrat.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Tallahassee Democrat Photographs, 1940-1974. State Archives of Florida. RG 900000, M82-77.\nPhotographs of ceremonies, political events, and news-room activities, documenting projects and news stories that Malcom B. Johnson covered while an Associated Press reporter and editor for the Tallahassee Democrat."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscripts, proofs, campaign materials, newspaper clippings, photographs, correspondence, awards, speeches, reviews, and related materials of Malcolm Johnson, former editor of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTallahassee Democrat\u003c/emph\u003e newspaper, and a former Associated Press correspondent in Tallahassee, Florida. This collection consists primarily of election materials, correspondence, and papers regarding Johnson's \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRed, White and Bluebloods in Frontier Florida\u003c/emph\u003e. \n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\tThe collection includes correspondence with: Alvah H. Chapman, Jr.; J. Montgomery Curtis; Fred O. Dickinson; Leon Dure; Don Fuqua; Lee Hills; Spessard L. Holland; Estes Kefauver; John S. Knight; Payne H. Midyette; Richard Nixon; Violet Pierce; B. A. Ross (Mr. \u0026amp; Mrs.); Roy W. Russell; Richard Stone; Stanley L. Tait; John M. Tapers; Fuller Warren and Broward Williams.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\tSubjects and persons mentioned in the collection include: Farris Bryant, LeRoy Collins, John E. Evans, Capital Press Club of Florida, E. V. Fisher, J. Edwin Larson, John McCarty, the Democratic Party, Jefferson County, Robert Floyd, Bill C. Pearce, judges, Putnam County, the Rotary Club of Tallahassee, academic freedom, Boy Scouts, relocation of the Capitol, cemeteries, flood control, Church and State, civil rights, collective bargaining, communism, contests, Cross-Florida Barge Canal, the Declaration of Independence, the Democratic Convention, democrats, Downtown Idea Exchange, drugs, election campaigns, the electoral college, engineers, Equal Rights Amendment, FSNE, fairgrounds, family planning, Florida Civil War Centennial Commission, federal judges, Florida Heritage Foundation, Florida State University, fluoridation, Freedom of Information, Freedom of Press, G. O. P. Convention, governors, Historic American Buildings Survey, historic buildings, historical markers, Florida history, Tallahassee, Legislators, impeachment, integration, Interstate I-10, judicial fitness, land and water management, libraries, Manion Forum, Florida Geological Survey, the Intercoastal waterway, Miami newspapers, Monticello, NAACP, blacks, Newspaper Guild, nuclear testing, obscenity, oil, ombudsman, Parole Commission, phosphates, Plant Dig, Florida population, prison reform, prisons, Probation and Parole Commission, Pulitzer Prize, railroads, and schools.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\tCollection also includes MSS 0-148, MSS 77-2, MSS 77-13 MSS 77-13a, and MSS 84-06\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSelect materials from the Malcolm Johnson Collection have been digitized and are available through the \u003cextref href=\"https://www.diginole.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:malcolmjohnsoncol\"\u003eFSU Digital Library\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Online Copies Available"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Manuscripts, proofs, campaign materials, newspaper clippings, photographs, correspondence, awards, speeches, reviews, and related materials of Malcolm Johnson, former editor of the  Tallahassee Democrat  newspaper, and a former Associated Press correspondent in Tallahassee, Florida. This collection consists primarily of election materials, correspondence, and papers regarding Johnson's  Red, White and Bluebloods in Frontier Florida . \n \tThe collection includes correspondence with: Alvah H. Chapman, Jr.; J. Montgomery Curtis; Fred O. Dickinson; Leon Dure; Don Fuqua; Lee Hills; Spessard L. Holland; Estes Kefauver; John S. Knight; Payne H. Midyette; Richard Nixon; Violet Pierce; B. A. Ross (Mr. \u0026 Mrs.); Roy W. Russell; Richard Stone; Stanley L. Tait; John M. Tapers; Fuller Warren and Broward Williams.\n \tSubjects and persons mentioned in the collection include: Farris Bryant, LeRoy Collins, John E. Evans, Capital Press Club of Florida, E. V. Fisher, J. Edwin Larson, John McCarty, the Democratic Party, Jefferson County, Robert Floyd, Bill C. Pearce, judges, Putnam County, the Rotary Club of Tallahassee, academic freedom, Boy Scouts, relocation of the Capitol, cemeteries, flood control, Church and State, civil rights, collective bargaining, communism, contests, Cross-Florida Barge Canal, the Declaration of Independence, the Democratic Convention, democrats, Downtown Idea Exchange, drugs, election campaigns, the electoral college, engineers, Equal Rights Amendment, FSNE, fairgrounds, family planning, Florida Civil War Centennial Commission, federal judges, Florida Heritage Foundation, Florida State University, fluoridation, Freedom of Information, Freedom of Press, G. O. P. Convention, governors, Historic American Buildings Survey, historic buildings, historical markers, Florida history, Tallahassee, Legislators, impeachment, integration, Interstate I-10, judicial fitness, land and water management, libraries, Manion Forum, Florida Geological Survey, the Intercoastal waterway, Miami newspapers, Monticello, NAACP, blacks, Newspaper Guild, nuclear testing, obscenity, oil, ombudsman, Parole Commission, phosphates, Plant Dig, Florida population, prison reform, prisons, Probation and Parole Commission, Pulitzer Prize, railroads, and schools.\n \tCollection also includes MSS 0-148, MSS 77-2, MSS 77-13 MSS 77-13a, and MSS 84-06","Select materials from the Malcolm Johnson Collection have been digitized and are available through the  FSU Digital Library ."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright holder for this collection is Florida State University.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright holder for this collection is Florida State University.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_2e8cce0d65b2818b39acd548ebf1369d\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe bulk of the Malcolm Johnson Collection documents Johnson's journalistic career from his time with the Associated Press from 1940-1954 to his editorship of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTallahassee Democrat\u003c/emph\u003e from 1954-1970. The collection includes correspondence, subject and personality files, clippings of Johnson's columns and editorials, photographs, speeches written by Johnson, memorabilia, and various published materials collected by Johnson over his career. In addition, there are materials related to the writing and publication of Johnson's books \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eI Declare\u003c/emph\u003e and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRed, White and Bluebloods in Frontier Florida\u003c/emph\u003e, such as research materials, photographs, drafts and proofs.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The bulk of the Malcolm Johnson Collection documents Johnson's journalistic career from his time with the Associated Press from 1940-1954 to his editorship of the  Tallahassee Democrat  from 1954-1970. The collection includes correspondence, subject and personality files, clippings of Johnson's columns and editorials, photographs, speeches written by Johnson, memorabilia, and various published materials collected by Johnson over his career. In addition, there are materials related to the writing and publication of Johnson's books  I Declare  and  Red, White and Bluebloods in Frontier Florida , such as research materials, photographs, drafts and proofs."],"names_coll_ssim":["Florida. Governor","Democratic Party (Fla.)","Adams, Tom, 1917-","Johnson, Malcolm B., 1913-1989","Bryant, Farris, 1914-2002","Collins, LeRoy","Holland, Spessard L. (Spessard Lindsey), 1892-1971","Kefauver, Estes, 1903-1963","McCarty, John","Warren, Fuller, 1905-1973","Arkus, Harry M.","Bailey, Thomas D.","Carlton, Doyle Elam, 1885-1972","Dickinson, Fred O. (Fred Otis), 1922-1998","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Florida. Governor","Democratic Party (Fla.)","Adams, Tom, 1917-","Johnson, Malcolm B., 1913-1989","Bryant, Farris, 1914-2002","Collins, LeRoy","Holland, Spessard L. (Spessard Lindsey), 1892-1971","Kefauver, Estes, 1903-1963","McCarty, John","Warren, Fuller, 1905-1973","Arkus, Harry M.","Bailey, Thomas D.","Carlton, Doyle Elam, 1885-1972","Dickinson, Fred O. (Fred Otis), 1922-1998","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Florida. Governor","Democratic Party (Fla.)"],"persname_ssim":["Adams, Tom, 1917-","Johnson, Malcolm B., 1913-1989","Bryant, Farris, 1914-2002","Collins, LeRoy","Holland, Spessard L. (Spessard Lindsey), 1892-1971","Kefauver, Estes, 1903-1963","McCarty, John","Warren, Fuller, 1905-1973","Arkus, Harry M.","Bailey, Thomas D.","Carlton, Doyle Elam, 1885-1972","Dickinson, Fred O. (Fred Otis), 1922-1998","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1286,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"921a8c7a429edb69d12f0354","timestamp":"2026-05-29T02:46:07.367Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"921a8c7a429edb69d12f0354","title_ssm":["Malcolm Johnson Collection"],"title_tesim":["Malcolm Johnson Collection"],"ead_ssi":"921a8c7a429edb69d12f0354","unitdate_ssm":["1824-1984, n.d.","1940-1978"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1940-1978"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1824-1984, n.d."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 2003-24","/repositories/10/resources/509"],"text":["MSS 2003-24","/repositories/10/resources/509","Malcolm Johnson Collection, 1824-1984, n.d., bulk 1940-1978","Florida--History","Civil Rights--Florida--History","Florida--Politics and government","Legislators--Florida","Tallahassee (Fla.)--History","Newspapers","Manuscripts","This collection is open to all researchers. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.","Malcolm Johnson was born on February 13, 1913 in Wardner, Idaho. At the age of three Johnson's family moved to Youngstown, Alberta. In 1925, hoping to take advantage of the economic boom in Florida, Johnson's father moved his family to Jacksonville, Florida. In 1936, Johnson graduated from the University of Florida with a degree in journalism. He studied pre-med until his junior year when he switched to journalism, because he later remarked, it seemed journalism students were having \"a lot more fun.\" Immediately after graduation he briefly worked for the  Jacksonville Journal  and various other Florida newspapers.\n \tNineteen thirty-seven saw many changes in Johnson's life. In that year he married Dorothy Burt, a childhood friend from Jacksonville and went to work for the  Tallahassee Democrat  as the City Editor. In 1940 Johnson left the newspaper to work for the Associated Press in its Tallahassee Capitol Bureau. He remained there fourteen years, the last eleven of which he was Bureau Chief. In 1954 Johnson returned to the  Tallahassee Democrat  and became its Editor.\n \tApart from his editorials, Johnson wrote numerous columns during his twenty-three years as Editor of the  Tallahassee Democrat , including \"Under the Dome\" and \"Campaign Comment.\" However, he is best remembered for his weekly column \"I Declare.\" \"I Declare\" ran five days a week in the  Tallahassee Democrat  from 1965 to 1978 and at its height was syndicated in twenty-five Florida newspapers.\n \tJohnson's columns and editorials reflected his opinion on diverse issues. For instance, Johnson felt strongly about the preservation of nature and history in the \"Big Bend\" area, a name he coined for use in the  Tallahassee Democrat . With others he created the Upsy Daisy Plant Uplift Society that helped rescue plants that would have otherwise been destroyed by road and building construction. Johnson often wrote about local history and lore in his columns and published his own history of frontier Florida,  Red, White, and Bluebloods in Frontier Florida , in 1976. He and his wife were also active in the Tallahassee Historical Society.\n \tHowever, Johnson was a pragmatist and despite his work to preserve aspects of Tallahassee's natural and historic character, he realized that if Tallahassee was to grow certain improvements and additions needed to be made. In this regard he championed the expansion of the airport and the construction of a new library and hospital. He was one of the voices urging the building of a civic center and the development of a research park, the result of which became Innovation Park. Johnson also set up a group through the  Tallahassee Democrat  known as Funders Inc., which sent needy kids to summer camp.\n \tJohnson's tenure at the  Tallahassee Democrat  was not without controversy. His opinions could often be polarizing. He did not see the role of editor as an unbiased mediator. As he explained in one of his columns, \"There is no pretense of being unbiased or sitting in the middle of the road. We agree with the fellow who said he never saw much there except a yellow streak and once in a while a dead skunk or possum.\"\n \tJohnson retired from the  Tallahassee Democrat  in January of 1978. In 1984 he published  I Declare , a collection of essays encapsulating his twenty-three years at the  Tallahassee Democrat . Johnson died December 6, 1989.","Portions of collection available online?: No","Processing of this collection was partially funded by a National Historical and Publications Records Commission grant. The Malcolm Johnson Collection consists of six separate gifts given by Johnson over a period of years. To maintain the original order of these donations, each donation retains its assigned manuscript number but for ease of access, all have been combined into one finding aid.","Tallahassee Democrat Photographs, 1940-1974. State Archives of Florida. RG 900000, M82-77.\nPhotographs of ceremonies, political events, and news-room activities, documenting projects and news stories that Malcom B. Johnson covered while an Associated Press reporter and editor for the Tallahassee Democrat.","Manuscripts, proofs, campaign materials, newspaper clippings, photographs, correspondence, awards, speeches, reviews, and related materials of Malcolm Johnson, former editor of the  Tallahassee Democrat  newspaper, and a former Associated Press correspondent in Tallahassee, Florida. This collection consists primarily of election materials, correspondence, and papers regarding Johnson's  Red, White and Bluebloods in Frontier Florida . \n \tThe collection includes correspondence with: Alvah H. Chapman, Jr.; J. Montgomery Curtis; Fred O. Dickinson; Leon Dure; Don Fuqua; Lee Hills; Spessard L. Holland; Estes Kefauver; John S. Knight; Payne H. Midyette; Richard Nixon; Violet Pierce; B. A. Ross (Mr. \u0026 Mrs.); Roy W. Russell; Richard Stone; Stanley L. Tait; John M. Tapers; Fuller Warren and Broward Williams.\n \tSubjects and persons mentioned in the collection include: Farris Bryant, LeRoy Collins, John E. Evans, Capital Press Club of Florida, E. V. Fisher, J. Edwin Larson, John McCarty, the Democratic Party, Jefferson County, Robert Floyd, Bill C. Pearce, judges, Putnam County, the Rotary Club of Tallahassee, academic freedom, Boy Scouts, relocation of the Capitol, cemeteries, flood control, Church and State, civil rights, collective bargaining, communism, contests, Cross-Florida Barge Canal, the Declaration of Independence, the Democratic Convention, democrats, Downtown Idea Exchange, drugs, election campaigns, the electoral college, engineers, Equal Rights Amendment, FSNE, fairgrounds, family planning, Florida Civil War Centennial Commission, federal judges, Florida Heritage Foundation, Florida State University, fluoridation, Freedom of Information, Freedom of Press, G. O. P. Convention, governors, Historic American Buildings Survey, historic buildings, historical markers, Florida history, Tallahassee, Legislators, impeachment, integration, Interstate I-10, judicial fitness, land and water management, libraries, Manion Forum, Florida Geological Survey, the Intercoastal waterway, Miami newspapers, Monticello, NAACP, blacks, Newspaper Guild, nuclear testing, obscenity, oil, ombudsman, Parole Commission, phosphates, Plant Dig, Florida population, prison reform, prisons, Probation and Parole Commission, Pulitzer Prize, railroads, and schools.\n \tCollection also includes MSS 0-148, MSS 77-2, MSS 77-13 MSS 77-13a, and MSS 84-06","Select materials from the Malcolm Johnson Collection have been digitized and are available through the  FSU Digital Library .","Copyright holder for this collection is Florida State University.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","The bulk of the Malcolm Johnson Collection documents Johnson's journalistic career from his time with the Associated Press from 1940-1954 to his editorship of the  Tallahassee Democrat  from 1954-1970. The collection includes correspondence, subject and personality files, clippings of Johnson's columns and editorials, photographs, speeches written by Johnson, memorabilia, and various published materials collected by Johnson over his career. In addition, there are materials related to the writing and publication of Johnson's books  I Declare  and  Red, White and Bluebloods in Frontier Florida , such as research materials, photographs, drafts and proofs.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Florida. Governor","Democratic Party (Fla.)","Adams, Tom, 1917-","Johnson, Malcolm B., 1913-1989","Bryant, Farris, 1914-2002","Collins, LeRoy","Holland, Spessard L. (Spessard Lindsey), 1892-1971","Kefauver, Estes, 1903-1963","McCarty, John","Warren, Fuller, 1905-1973","Arkus, Harry M.","Bailey, Thomas D.","Carlton, Doyle Elam, 1885-1972","Dickinson, Fred O. (Fred Otis), 1922-1998","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 2003-24","/repositories/10/resources/509"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1824-1984, n.d., bulk 1940-1978"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Malcolm Johnson Collection, 1824-1984, n.d., bulk 1940-1978"],"collection_title_tesim":["Malcolm Johnson Collection, 1824-1984, n.d., bulk 1940-1978"],"collection_ssim":["Malcolm Johnson Collection, 1824-1984, n.d., bulk 1940-1978"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright holder for this collection is Florida State University.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Malcolm B. Johnson"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Florida--History","Civil Rights--Florida--History","Florida--Politics and government","Legislators--Florida","Tallahassee (Fla.)--History","Newspapers","Manuscripts"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Florida--History","Civil Rights--Florida--History","Florida--Politics and government","Legislators--Florida","Tallahassee (Fla.)--History","Newspapers","Manuscripts"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["37.75 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["37.75 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Newspapers","Manuscripts"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMalcolm Johnson was born on February 13, 1913 in Wardner, Idaho. At the age of three Johnson's family moved to Youngstown, Alberta. In 1925, hoping to take advantage of the economic boom in Florida, Johnson's father moved his family to Jacksonville, Florida. In 1936, Johnson graduated from the University of Florida with a degree in journalism. He studied pre-med until his junior year when he switched to journalism, because he later remarked, it seemed journalism students were having \"a lot more fun.\" Immediately after graduation he briefly worked for the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eJacksonville Journal\u003c/emph\u003e and various other Florida newspapers.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\tNineteen thirty-seven saw many changes in Johnson's life. In that year he married Dorothy Burt, a childhood friend from Jacksonville and went to work for the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTallahassee Democrat\u003c/emph\u003e as the City Editor. In 1940 Johnson left the newspaper to work for the Associated Press in its Tallahassee Capitol Bureau. He remained there fourteen years, the last eleven of which he was Bureau Chief. In 1954 Johnson returned to the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTallahassee Democrat\u003c/emph\u003e and became its Editor.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\tApart from his editorials, Johnson wrote numerous columns during his twenty-three years as Editor of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTallahassee Democrat\u003c/emph\u003e, including \"Under the Dome\" and \"Campaign Comment.\" However, he is best remembered for his weekly column \"I Declare.\" \"I Declare\" ran five days a week in the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTallahassee Democrat \u003c/emph\u003efrom 1965 to 1978 and at its height was syndicated in twenty-five Florida newspapers.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\tJohnson's columns and editorials reflected his opinion on diverse issues. For instance, Johnson felt strongly about the preservation of nature and history in the \"Big Bend\" area, a name he coined for use in the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTallahassee Democrat\u003c/emph\u003e. With others he created the Upsy Daisy Plant Uplift Society that helped rescue plants that would have otherwise been destroyed by road and building construction. Johnson often wrote about local history and lore in his columns and published his own history of frontier Florida, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRed, White, and Bluebloods in Frontier Florida\u003c/emph\u003e, in 1976. He and his wife were also active in the Tallahassee Historical Society.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\tHowever, Johnson was a pragmatist and despite his work to preserve aspects of Tallahassee's natural and historic character, he realized that if Tallahassee was to grow certain improvements and additions needed to be made. In this regard he championed the expansion of the airport and the construction of a new library and hospital. He was one of the voices urging the building of a civic center and the development of a research park, the result of which became Innovation Park. Johnson also set up a group through the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTallahassee Democrat\u003c/emph\u003e known as Funders Inc., which sent needy kids to summer camp.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\tJohnson's tenure at the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTallahassee Democrat\u003c/emph\u003e was not without controversy. His opinions could often be polarizing. He did not see the role of editor as an unbiased mediator. As he explained in one of his columns, \"There is no pretense of being unbiased or sitting in the middle of the road. We agree with the fellow who said he never saw much there except a yellow streak and once in a while a dead skunk or possum.\"\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\tJohnson retired from the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTallahassee Democrat\u003c/emph\u003e in January of 1978. In 1984 he published \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eI Declare\u003c/emph\u003e, a collection of essays encapsulating his twenty-three years at the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTallahassee Democrat\u003c/emph\u003e. Johnson died December 6, 1989.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Malcolm Johnson was born on February 13, 1913 in Wardner, Idaho. At the age of three Johnson's family moved to Youngstown, Alberta. In 1925, hoping to take advantage of the economic boom in Florida, Johnson's father moved his family to Jacksonville, Florida. In 1936, Johnson graduated from the University of Florida with a degree in journalism. He studied pre-med until his junior year when he switched to journalism, because he later remarked, it seemed journalism students were having \"a lot more fun.\" Immediately after graduation he briefly worked for the  Jacksonville Journal  and various other Florida newspapers.\n \tNineteen thirty-seven saw many changes in Johnson's life. In that year he married Dorothy Burt, a childhood friend from Jacksonville and went to work for the  Tallahassee Democrat  as the City Editor. In 1940 Johnson left the newspaper to work for the Associated Press in its Tallahassee Capitol Bureau. He remained there fourteen years, the last eleven of which he was Bureau Chief. In 1954 Johnson returned to the  Tallahassee Democrat  and became its Editor.\n \tApart from his editorials, Johnson wrote numerous columns during his twenty-three years as Editor of the  Tallahassee Democrat , including \"Under the Dome\" and \"Campaign Comment.\" However, he is best remembered for his weekly column \"I Declare.\" \"I Declare\" ran five days a week in the  Tallahassee Democrat  from 1965 to 1978 and at its height was syndicated in twenty-five Florida newspapers.\n \tJohnson's columns and editorials reflected his opinion on diverse issues. For instance, Johnson felt strongly about the preservation of nature and history in the \"Big Bend\" area, a name he coined for use in the  Tallahassee Democrat . With others he created the Upsy Daisy Plant Uplift Society that helped rescue plants that would have otherwise been destroyed by road and building construction. Johnson often wrote about local history and lore in his columns and published his own history of frontier Florida,  Red, White, and Bluebloods in Frontier Florida , in 1976. He and his wife were also active in the Tallahassee Historical Society.\n \tHowever, Johnson was a pragmatist and despite his work to preserve aspects of Tallahassee's natural and historic character, he realized that if Tallahassee was to grow certain improvements and additions needed to be made. In this regard he championed the expansion of the airport and the construction of a new library and hospital. He was one of the voices urging the building of a civic center and the development of a research park, the result of which became Innovation Park. Johnson also set up a group through the  Tallahassee Democrat  known as Funders Inc., which sent needy kids to summer camp.\n \tJohnson's tenure at the  Tallahassee Democrat  was not without controversy. His opinions could often be polarizing. He did not see the role of editor as an unbiased mediator. As he explained in one of his columns, \"There is no pretense of being unbiased or sitting in the middle of the road. We agree with the fellow who said he never saw much there except a yellow streak and once in a while a dead skunk or possum.\"\n \tJohnson retired from the  Tallahassee Democrat  in January of 1978. In 1984 he published  I Declare , a collection of essays encapsulating his twenty-three years at the  Tallahassee Democrat . Johnson died December 6, 1989."],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePortions of collection available online?: No\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Originals"],"originalsloc_tesim":["Portions of collection available online?: No"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMalcolm Johnson Collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-2003-24\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Malcolm Johnson Collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-2003-24"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing of this collection was partially funded by a National Historical and Publications Records Commission grant. The Malcolm Johnson Collection consists of six separate gifts given by Johnson over a period of years. To maintain the original order of these donations, each donation retains its assigned manuscript number but for ease of access, all have been combined into one finding aid.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing of this collection was partially funded by a National Historical and Publications Records Commission grant. The Malcolm Johnson Collection consists of six separate gifts given by Johnson over a period of years. To maintain the original order of these donations, each donation retains its assigned manuscript number but for ease of access, all have been combined into one finding aid."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTallahassee Democrat Photographs, 1940-1974. State Archives of Florida. RG 900000, M82-77.\nPhotographs of ceremonies, political events, and news-room activities, documenting projects and news stories that Malcom B. Johnson covered while an Associated Press reporter and editor for the Tallahassee Democrat.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Tallahassee Democrat Photographs, 1940-1974. State Archives of Florida. RG 900000, M82-77.\nPhotographs of ceremonies, political events, and news-room activities, documenting projects and news stories that Malcom B. Johnson covered while an Associated Press reporter and editor for the Tallahassee Democrat."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscripts, proofs, campaign materials, newspaper clippings, photographs, correspondence, awards, speeches, reviews, and related materials of Malcolm Johnson, former editor of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTallahassee Democrat\u003c/emph\u003e newspaper, and a former Associated Press correspondent in Tallahassee, Florida. This collection consists primarily of election materials, correspondence, and papers regarding Johnson's \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRed, White and Bluebloods in Frontier Florida\u003c/emph\u003e. \n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\tThe collection includes correspondence with: Alvah H. Chapman, Jr.; J. Montgomery Curtis; Fred O. Dickinson; Leon Dure; Don Fuqua; Lee Hills; Spessard L. Holland; Estes Kefauver; John S. Knight; Payne H. Midyette; Richard Nixon; Violet Pierce; B. A. Ross (Mr. \u0026amp; Mrs.); Roy W. Russell; Richard Stone; Stanley L. Tait; John M. Tapers; Fuller Warren and Broward Williams.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\tSubjects and persons mentioned in the collection include: Farris Bryant, LeRoy Collins, John E. Evans, Capital Press Club of Florida, E. V. Fisher, J. Edwin Larson, John McCarty, the Democratic Party, Jefferson County, Robert Floyd, Bill C. Pearce, judges, Putnam County, the Rotary Club of Tallahassee, academic freedom, Boy Scouts, relocation of the Capitol, cemeteries, flood control, Church and State, civil rights, collective bargaining, communism, contests, Cross-Florida Barge Canal, the Declaration of Independence, the Democratic Convention, democrats, Downtown Idea Exchange, drugs, election campaigns, the electoral college, engineers, Equal Rights Amendment, FSNE, fairgrounds, family planning, Florida Civil War Centennial Commission, federal judges, Florida Heritage Foundation, Florida State University, fluoridation, Freedom of Information, Freedom of Press, G. O. P. Convention, governors, Historic American Buildings Survey, historic buildings, historical markers, Florida history, Tallahassee, Legislators, impeachment, integration, Interstate I-10, judicial fitness, land and water management, libraries, Manion Forum, Florida Geological Survey, the Intercoastal waterway, Miami newspapers, Monticello, NAACP, blacks, Newspaper Guild, nuclear testing, obscenity, oil, ombudsman, Parole Commission, phosphates, Plant Dig, Florida population, prison reform, prisons, Probation and Parole Commission, Pulitzer Prize, railroads, and schools.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\tCollection also includes MSS 0-148, MSS 77-2, MSS 77-13 MSS 77-13a, and MSS 84-06\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSelect materials from the Malcolm Johnson Collection have been digitized and are available through the \u003cextref href=\"https://www.diginole.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:malcolmjohnsoncol\"\u003eFSU Digital Library\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Online Copies Available"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Manuscripts, proofs, campaign materials, newspaper clippings, photographs, correspondence, awards, speeches, reviews, and related materials of Malcolm Johnson, former editor of the  Tallahassee Democrat  newspaper, and a former Associated Press correspondent in Tallahassee, Florida. This collection consists primarily of election materials, correspondence, and papers regarding Johnson's  Red, White and Bluebloods in Frontier Florida . \n \tThe collection includes correspondence with: Alvah H. Chapman, Jr.; J. Montgomery Curtis; Fred O. Dickinson; Leon Dure; Don Fuqua; Lee Hills; Spessard L. Holland; Estes Kefauver; John S. Knight; Payne H. Midyette; Richard Nixon; Violet Pierce; B. A. Ross (Mr. \u0026 Mrs.); Roy W. Russell; Richard Stone; Stanley L. Tait; John M. Tapers; Fuller Warren and Broward Williams.\n \tSubjects and persons mentioned in the collection include: Farris Bryant, LeRoy Collins, John E. Evans, Capital Press Club of Florida, E. V. Fisher, J. Edwin Larson, John McCarty, the Democratic Party, Jefferson County, Robert Floyd, Bill C. Pearce, judges, Putnam County, the Rotary Club of Tallahassee, academic freedom, Boy Scouts, relocation of the Capitol, cemeteries, flood control, Church and State, civil rights, collective bargaining, communism, contests, Cross-Florida Barge Canal, the Declaration of Independence, the Democratic Convention, democrats, Downtown Idea Exchange, drugs, election campaigns, the electoral college, engineers, Equal Rights Amendment, FSNE, fairgrounds, family planning, Florida Civil War Centennial Commission, federal judges, Florida Heritage Foundation, Florida State University, fluoridation, Freedom of Information, Freedom of Press, G. O. P. Convention, governors, Historic American Buildings Survey, historic buildings, historical markers, Florida history, Tallahassee, Legislators, impeachment, integration, Interstate I-10, judicial fitness, land and water management, libraries, Manion Forum, Florida Geological Survey, the Intercoastal waterway, Miami newspapers, Monticello, NAACP, blacks, Newspaper Guild, nuclear testing, obscenity, oil, ombudsman, Parole Commission, phosphates, Plant Dig, Florida population, prison reform, prisons, Probation and Parole Commission, Pulitzer Prize, railroads, and schools.\n \tCollection also includes MSS 0-148, MSS 77-2, MSS 77-13 MSS 77-13a, and MSS 84-06","Select materials from the Malcolm Johnson Collection have been digitized and are available through the  FSU Digital Library ."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright holder for this collection is Florida State University.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright holder for this collection is Florida State University.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_2e8cce0d65b2818b39acd548ebf1369d\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe bulk of the Malcolm Johnson Collection documents Johnson's journalistic career from his time with the Associated Press from 1940-1954 to his editorship of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTallahassee Democrat\u003c/emph\u003e from 1954-1970. The collection includes correspondence, subject and personality files, clippings of Johnson's columns and editorials, photographs, speeches written by Johnson, memorabilia, and various published materials collected by Johnson over his career. In addition, there are materials related to the writing and publication of Johnson's books \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eI Declare\u003c/emph\u003e and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRed, White and Bluebloods in Frontier Florida\u003c/emph\u003e, such as research materials, photographs, drafts and proofs.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The bulk of the Malcolm Johnson Collection documents Johnson's journalistic career from his time with the Associated Press from 1940-1954 to his editorship of the  Tallahassee Democrat  from 1954-1970. The collection includes correspondence, subject and personality files, clippings of Johnson's columns and editorials, photographs, speeches written by Johnson, memorabilia, and various published materials collected by Johnson over his career. In addition, there are materials related to the writing and publication of Johnson's books  I Declare  and  Red, White and Bluebloods in Frontier Florida , such as research materials, photographs, drafts and proofs."],"names_coll_ssim":["Florida. Governor","Democratic Party (Fla.)","Adams, Tom, 1917-","Johnson, Malcolm B., 1913-1989","Bryant, Farris, 1914-2002","Collins, LeRoy","Holland, Spessard L. (Spessard Lindsey), 1892-1971","Kefauver, Estes, 1903-1963","McCarty, John","Warren, Fuller, 1905-1973","Arkus, Harry M.","Bailey, Thomas D.","Carlton, Doyle Elam, 1885-1972","Dickinson, Fred O. (Fred Otis), 1922-1998","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Florida. Governor","Democratic Party (Fla.)","Adams, Tom, 1917-","Johnson, Malcolm B., 1913-1989","Bryant, Farris, 1914-2002","Collins, LeRoy","Holland, Spessard L. (Spessard Lindsey), 1892-1971","Kefauver, Estes, 1903-1963","McCarty, John","Warren, Fuller, 1905-1973","Arkus, Harry M.","Bailey, Thomas D.","Carlton, Doyle Elam, 1885-1972","Dickinson, Fred O. (Fred Otis), 1922-1998","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Florida. Governor","Democratic Party (Fla.)"],"persname_ssim":["Adams, Tom, 1917-","Johnson, Malcolm B., 1913-1989","Bryant, Farris, 1914-2002","Collins, LeRoy","Holland, Spessard L. (Spessard Lindsey), 1892-1971","Kefauver, Estes, 1903-1963","McCarty, John","Warren, Fuller, 1905-1973","Arkus, Harry M.","Bailey, Thomas D.","Carlton, Doyle Elam, 1885-1972","Dickinson, Fred O. (Fred Otis), 1922-1998","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1286,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"921a8c7a429edb69d12f0354","timestamp":"2026-05-29T02:46:07.367Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/921a8c7a429edb69d12f0354"}},{"id":"07e83d7fe9b8feb6c0518c05","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Mana-Zucca Collection, 1912-1989","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/07e83d7fe9b8feb6c0518c05#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Mana-Zucca"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/07e83d7fe9b8feb6c0518c05#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["The Mana-Zucca Collection contains the works, personal papers, photograph albums, scrapbooks, handwritten music and compositions of the American actress, singer, pianist and composer Augusta Zuckerman. This collection is comprised of eight series, spanning over 100 boxes is housed in the Special Collections and University Archives Department at Florida International University."],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/07e83d7fe9b8feb6c0518c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"07e83d7fe9b8feb6c0518c05","title_ssm":["Mana-Zucca Collection"],"title_tesim":["Mana-Zucca Collection"],"ead_ssi":"07e83d7fe9b8feb6c0518c05","unitdate_ssm":["1912-1989"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1912-1989"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SPC7005","/repositories/2/resources/69"],"text":["SPC7005","/repositories/2/resources/69","Mana-Zucca Collection, 1912-1989","The collection is open for research.","Manna-Zucca, whose birth name was Gizella Zuccamanof, was born on December 25, 1885, in New York City, United States. The daughter of Polish immigrants, she possessed an early aptitude for the piano, and was quickly recognized as a child prodigy. As early as age seven, she began learning proficient use of the piano at the New York College of Music by pianist Alexander Lambert. At age eight, she made her piano debut at the New York Symphony Orchestra. Early on, she studied and toured Europe with such composers as Leopold Godowsky, Ferruccio Busoni, and Herman Spielter. Throughout her career, she composed 366 piano pieces entitled \"My Musical Calendar.\" The University of Miami awarded Manna-Zucca with an honorary doctorate degree in Music on May 19, 1974. She passed away in her home in Miami, Florida, on March 11, 1981.","The Mana-Zucca Collection contains the works, personal papers, photograph albums, scrapbooks, handwritten music and compositions of the American actress, singer, pianist and composer Augusta Zuckerman. She was a child prodigy who began composing at an early age and traveled the world, first performing the works of famous composers and later writing her own musical compositions. This collection is comprised of eight series, spanning over 100 boxes is housed in the Special Collections and University Archives Department at Florida International University.","Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work.\nFIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections. ","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general","The Mana-Zucca Collection contains the works, personal papers, photograph albums, scrapbooks, handwritten music and compositions of the American actress, singer, pianist and composer Augusta Zuckerman. This collection is comprised of eight series, spanning over 100 boxes is housed in the Special Collections and University Archives Department at Florida International University.","FIU Special Collections","Mana-Zucca","Cassel, Leslie","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SPC7005","/repositories/2/resources/69"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1912-1989"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mana-Zucca Collection, 1912-1989"],"collection_title_tesim":["Mana-Zucca Collection, 1912-1989"],"collection_ssim":["Mana-Zucca Collection, 1912-1989"],"repository_ssm":["FIU Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Mana-Zucca","Cassel, Leslie"],"creator_ssim":["Mana-Zucca","Cassel, Leslie"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Mana-Zucca","Cassel, Leslie"],"creators_ssim":["Mana-Zucca","Cassel, Leslie"],"access_terms_ssm":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work.\nFIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections. ","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donation"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["102 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["102 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions of Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManna-Zucca, whose birth name was Gizella Zuccamanof, was born on December 25, 1885, in New York City, United States. The daughter of Polish immigrants, she possessed an early aptitude for the piano, and was quickly recognized as a child prodigy. As early as age seven, she began learning proficient use of the piano at the New York College of Music by pianist Alexander Lambert. At age eight, she made her piano debut at the New York Symphony Orchestra. Early on, she studied and toured Europe with such composers as Leopold Godowsky, Ferruccio Busoni, and Herman Spielter. Throughout her career, she composed 366 piano pieces entitled \"My Musical Calendar.\" The University of Miami awarded Manna-Zucca with an honorary doctorate degree in Music on May 19, 1974. She passed away in her home in Miami, Florida, on March 11, 1981.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Manna-Zucca, whose birth name was Gizella Zuccamanof, was born on December 25, 1885, in New York City, United States. The daughter of Polish immigrants, she possessed an early aptitude for the piano, and was quickly recognized as a child prodigy. As early as age seven, she began learning proficient use of the piano at the New York College of Music by pianist Alexander Lambert. At age eight, she made her piano debut at the New York Symphony Orchestra. Early on, she studied and toured Europe with such composers as Leopold Godowsky, Ferruccio Busoni, and Herman Spielter. Throughout her career, she composed 366 piano pieces entitled \"My Musical Calendar.\" The University of Miami awarded Manna-Zucca with an honorary doctorate degree in Music on May 19, 1974. She passed away in her home in Miami, Florida, on March 11, 1981."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Mana-Zucca Collection contains the works, personal papers, photograph albums, scrapbooks, handwritten music and compositions of the American actress, singer, pianist and composer Augusta Zuckerman. She was a child prodigy who began composing at an early age and traveled the world, first performing the works of famous composers and later writing her own musical compositions. This collection is comprised of eight series, spanning over 100 boxes is housed in the Special Collections and University Archives Department at Florida International University.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Mana-Zucca Collection contains the works, personal papers, photograph albums, scrapbooks, handwritten music and compositions of the American actress, singer, pianist and composer Augusta Zuckerman. She was a child prodigy who began composing at an early age and traveled the world, first performing the works of famous composers and later writing her own musical compositions. This collection is comprised of eight series, spanning over 100 boxes is housed in the Special Collections and University Archives Department at Florida International University."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections \u0026amp; University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work.\nFIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work.\nFIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections. ","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f7a0b994c99b6770a2303aa33bd8e3db\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Mana-Zucca Collection contains the works, personal papers, photograph albums, scrapbooks, handwritten music and compositions of the American actress, singer, pianist and composer Augusta Zuckerman. This collection is comprised of eight series, spanning over 100 boxes is housed in the Special Collections and University Archives Department at Florida International University.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Mana-Zucca Collection contains the works, personal papers, photograph albums, scrapbooks, handwritten music and compositions of the American actress, singer, pianist and composer Augusta Zuckerman. This collection is comprised of eight series, spanning over 100 boxes is housed in the Special Collections and University Archives Department at Florida International University."],"names_ssim":["FIU Special Collections","Mana-Zucca","Cassel, Leslie"],"corpname_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Cassel, Leslie"],"persname_ssim":["Mana-Zucca","Cassel, Leslie"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":795,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1881085616266936320,"_root_":"07e83d7fe9b8feb6c0518c05","timestamp":"2026-11-06T05:30:39.187Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"07e83d7fe9b8feb6c0518c05","title_ssm":["Mana-Zucca Collection"],"title_tesim":["Mana-Zucca Collection"],"ead_ssi":"07e83d7fe9b8feb6c0518c05","unitdate_ssm":["1912-1989"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1912-1989"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SPC7005","/repositories/2/resources/69"],"text":["SPC7005","/repositories/2/resources/69","Mana-Zucca Collection, 1912-1989","The collection is open for research.","Manna-Zucca, whose birth name was Gizella Zuccamanof, was born on December 25, 1885, in New York City, United States. The daughter of Polish immigrants, she possessed an early aptitude for the piano, and was quickly recognized as a child prodigy. As early as age seven, she began learning proficient use of the piano at the New York College of Music by pianist Alexander Lambert. At age eight, she made her piano debut at the New York Symphony Orchestra. Early on, she studied and toured Europe with such composers as Leopold Godowsky, Ferruccio Busoni, and Herman Spielter. Throughout her career, she composed 366 piano pieces entitled \"My Musical Calendar.\" The University of Miami awarded Manna-Zucca with an honorary doctorate degree in Music on May 19, 1974. She passed away in her home in Miami, Florida, on March 11, 1981.","The Mana-Zucca Collection contains the works, personal papers, photograph albums, scrapbooks, handwritten music and compositions of the American actress, singer, pianist and composer Augusta Zuckerman. She was a child prodigy who began composing at an early age and traveled the world, first performing the works of famous composers and later writing her own musical compositions. This collection is comprised of eight series, spanning over 100 boxes is housed in the Special Collections and University Archives Department at Florida International University.","Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work.\nFIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections. ","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general","The Mana-Zucca Collection contains the works, personal papers, photograph albums, scrapbooks, handwritten music and compositions of the American actress, singer, pianist and composer Augusta Zuckerman. 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","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donation"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["102 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["102 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions of Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManna-Zucca, whose birth name was Gizella Zuccamanof, was born on December 25, 1885, in New York City, United States. 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This collection is comprised of eight series, spanning over 100 boxes is housed in the Special Collections and University Archives Department at Florida International University."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections \u0026amp; University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. 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Consult Special Collections for details."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0af7f3ed2aee1646627e62e7a98ec1be\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eProfessional and personal papers of Manuel Garcia, a Tampa defense attorney.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Professional and personal papers of Manuel Garcia, a Tampa defense attorney."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Garcia, Manuel"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Garcia, Manuel"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":89,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"e3c8d7efd9d450078f00c14f","timestamp":"2026-07-08T05:17:36.969Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"e3c8d7efd9d450078f00c14f","title_ssm":["Manuel Garcia papers"],"title_tesim":["Manuel Garcia papers"],"ead_ssi":"e3c8d7efd9d450078f00c14f","unitdate_ssm":["1960-1975"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1960-1975"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["G04","/repositories/2/resources/565"],"text":["G04","/repositories/2/resources/565","Manuel Garcia papers, 1960-1975","Florida -- Politics and government","Lawyers","Manuel Garcia was a local defense attorney with both statewide and national political afficliations.  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