{"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Box\u0026page=579\u0026view=list","prev":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Box\u0026page=578\u0026view=list","next":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Box\u0026page=580\u0026view=list","last":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Box\u0026page=962\u0026view=list"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":579,"next_page":580,"prev_page":578,"total_pages":962,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":5780,"total_count":9618,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06_aspace_90881","type":"Box","attributes":{"title":"General Correspondence, 1968-1970","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06_aspace_90881#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_90881","ref_ssm":["aspace_90881","aspace_90881"],"id":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06_aspace_90881","title_filing_ssi":"General Correspondence","title_ssm":["General Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["General Correspondence"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1968-1970"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1968-1970"],"normalized_title_ssm":["General Correspondence, 1968-1970"],"text":["General Correspondence, 1968-1970","José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981","General Correspondence","30","/repositories/2/archival_objects/29574","box 30"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06","862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06_aspace_90849"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981","General Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981","General Correspondence"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["30","/repositories/2/archival_objects/29574"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":4,"level_ssm":["Box"],"level_ssim":["Box"],"sort_isi":184,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"containers_ssim":["box 30"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#20","_nest_parent_":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06_aspace_90849","_root_":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06","_version_":1870862580648509440,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:19:52.663Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06","title_ssm":["José Luis Avellanal collection"],"title_tesim":["José Luis Avellanal collection"],"ead_ssi":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06","unitdate_ssm":["1907-1981"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1907-1981"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-1984-01","/repositories/2/resources/183"],"text":["MS-1984-01","/repositories/2/resources/183","José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981","Ybor City (Tampa, Fla.) -- Social life and customs","El Pasaje Hotel (Tampa, Fla.)","Immigrants -- Florida -- History","The collection is arranged within series by subject.","José Luis Avellanal y Jimenez was born on October 3, 1903 to Concepción Jimenez and Dr. José Ramon Avellanal, a prominent Ybor City physician who was also the founder of El Bien Público Clinic.","From a very young age, José Luis was a major source of worry to his parents. Among his father's numerous patients  was a neighborhood boy treated for ocular damage after being shot in the eye by the young Avellanal, as well as a child persuaded into testing out one of José Luis' new inventions: an electric chair.","As punishment for his mischief, José Luis found himself in solitary confinement, but devised a plan of escape that involved stealing his father's vehicle. Having not yet learned how to drive, his plan of escape was a failure, and he found himself being shipped off to military school in Georgia.","José Luis eventually returned to Tampa, but not before getting himself into a scrape in Lebanon, Tennessee, where he was charged with kidnapping a young woman and possession of narcotics.","Upon his return to Ybor City, Avellanal took up residence at El Pasaje Hotel, where he conducted experiments in cryogenics and attempted to publish articles on the resurrection of dead bodies. From his El Pasaje Hotel residence, Avellanal also entered the race for state senator, held services as an ordained Baptist minister, practiced medicine as a gynecologist and plastic surgeon (with diplomas obtained during his absence in Cuba), and established Southern University, a college offering degrees (but no courses) to the masses. A trial ensued in which Avellanal defended himself against charges of running a diploma mill, and in 1947, the Southern University Charter was revoked.","Avellanal was the creator and founder of numerous organizations, including the Legión de Honor de la República de Cuba (Legion of Honor of the Republic of Cuba), an organization that bestowed honors and awards to worthy individuals such as Fulgencio Batista of Cuba, Chinese Congresswoman Grace Yi Hsu, and Norberto Lopez Avelar, then governor of the Mexican state of Morelos. 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Having not yet learned how to drive, his plan of escape was a failure, and he found himself being shipped off to military school in Georgia.","José Luis eventually returned to Tampa, but not before getting himself into a scrape in Lebanon, Tennessee, where he was charged with kidnapping a young woman and possession of narcotics.","Upon his return to Ybor City, Avellanal took up residence at El Pasaje Hotel, where he conducted experiments in cryogenics and attempted to publish articles on the resurrection of dead bodies. From his El Pasaje Hotel residence, Avellanal also entered the race for state senator, held services as an ordained Baptist minister, practiced medicine as a gynecologist and plastic surgeon (with diplomas obtained during his absence in Cuba), and established Southern University, a college offering degrees (but no courses) to the masses. A trial ensued in which Avellanal defended himself against charges of running a diploma mill, and in 1947, the Southern University Charter was revoked.","Avellanal was the creator and founder of numerous organizations, including the Legión de Honor de la República de Cuba (Legion of Honor of the Republic of Cuba), an organization that bestowed honors and awards to worthy individuals such as Fulgencio Batista of Cuba, Chinese Congresswoman Grace Yi Hsu, and Norberto Lopez Avelar, then governor of the Mexican state of Morelos. While in Mexico, Avellanal obtained the title of Lieutenant General and was often seen in full uniform at Ybor City events.","In the early 1970s, Avellanal joined the advisory committee for Ybor City's Hillsborough Community College campus and led efforts to save the El Pasaje Hotel building, for which he received a preservation award from U.S. Senator Richard Stone. José Luis Avellanal died in 1982, and remains one of the most colorful characters in Ybor City memory.","Note written by Jean McAllister, 2011"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJose Luis Avellanal collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Jose Luis Avellanal collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJose Ramon Avellanal Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrince Alexis N. Gagarin Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAvellanal-Jimenez, Jose L. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEl Pasaje: Building and Its Adjoining Grounds, a Federal National Historic Site, 1888-1977, Tampa, Florida\u003c/emph\u003e. Tampa, Fla.: s.n, 1977. Print.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Related Publications"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Jose Ramon Avellanal Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Prince Alexis N. Gagarin Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Avellanal-Jimenez, Jose L.  El Pasaje: Building and Its Adjoining Grounds, a Federal National Historic Site, 1888-1977, Tampa, Florida . Tampa, Fla.: s.n, 1977. Print."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection reflects the lives and activities of the Avellanals, a prominent pioneering Ybor City family, with the bulk of the collection documenting the life and career of Lt. General Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis Avellanal y Jimenez. Among the papers in the collection are pamphlets, diaries, ledgers, correspondence, invoices and receipts, contracts, real estate title abstracts, lawsuits (including testimonies), certificates, photographs, corporate minutes, audits, medical reports, patents, stock certificates, newspaper clippings, and a small number of artifacts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection reflects the lives and activities of the Avellanals, a prominent pioneering Ybor City family, with the bulk of the collection documenting the life and career of Lt. General José Luis Avellanal y Jimenez. Among the papers in the collection are pamphlets, diaries, ledgers, correspondence, invoices and receipts, contracts, real estate title abstracts, lawsuits (including testimonies), certificates, photographs, corporate minutes, audits, medical reports, patents, stock certificates, newspaper clippings, and a small number of artifacts."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0;The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":790,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870862580648509440,"_root_":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:19:52.663Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06_aspace_90881"}},{"id":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06_aspace_90882","type":"Box","attributes":{"title":"General Correspondence, 1971-1974","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06_aspace_90882#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_90882","ref_ssm":["aspace_90882","aspace_90882"],"id":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06_aspace_90882","title_filing_ssi":"General Correspondence","title_ssm":["General Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["General Correspondence"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1971-1974"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1971-1974"],"normalized_title_ssm":["General Correspondence, 1971-1974"],"text":["General Correspondence, 1971-1974","José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981","General Correspondence","31","/repositories/2/archival_objects/29603","box 31"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06","862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06_aspace_90849"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981","General Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981","General Correspondence"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["31","/repositories/2/archival_objects/29603"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":5,"level_ssm":["Box"],"level_ssim":["Box"],"sort_isi":189,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"containers_ssim":["box 31"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#21","_nest_parent_":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06_aspace_90849","_root_":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06","_version_":1870862580648509440,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:19:52.663Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06","title_ssm":["José Luis Avellanal collection"],"title_tesim":["José Luis Avellanal collection"],"ead_ssi":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06","unitdate_ssm":["1907-1981"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1907-1981"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-1984-01","/repositories/2/resources/183"],"text":["MS-1984-01","/repositories/2/resources/183","José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981","Ybor City (Tampa, Fla.) -- Social life and customs","El Pasaje Hotel (Tampa, Fla.)","Immigrants -- Florida -- History","The collection is arranged within series by subject.","José Luis Avellanal y Jimenez was born on October 3, 1903 to Concepción Jimenez and Dr. José Ramon Avellanal, a prominent Ybor City physician who was also the founder of El Bien Público Clinic.","From a very young age, José Luis was a major source of worry to his parents. Among his father's numerous patients  was a neighborhood boy treated for ocular damage after being shot in the eye by the young Avellanal, as well as a child persuaded into testing out one of José Luis' new inventions: an electric chair.","As punishment for his mischief, José Luis found himself in solitary confinement, but devised a plan of escape that involved stealing his father's vehicle. Having not yet learned how to drive, his plan of escape was a failure, and he found himself being shipped off to military school in Georgia.","José Luis eventually returned to Tampa, but not before getting himself into a scrape in Lebanon, Tennessee, where he was charged with kidnapping a young woman and possession of narcotics.","Upon his return to Ybor City, Avellanal took up residence at El Pasaje Hotel, where he conducted experiments in cryogenics and attempted to publish articles on the resurrection of dead bodies. From his El Pasaje Hotel residence, Avellanal also entered the race for state senator, held services as an ordained Baptist minister, practiced medicine as a gynecologist and plastic surgeon (with diplomas obtained during his absence in Cuba), and established Southern University, a college offering degrees (but no courses) to the masses. A trial ensued in which Avellanal defended himself against charges of running a diploma mill, and in 1947, the Southern University Charter was revoked.","Avellanal was the creator and founder of numerous organizations, including the Legión de Honor de la República de Cuba (Legion of Honor of the Republic of Cuba), an organization that bestowed honors and awards to worthy individuals such as Fulgencio Batista of Cuba, Chinese Congresswoman Grace Yi Hsu, and Norberto Lopez Avelar, then governor of the Mexican state of Morelos. 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Among his father's numerous patients\u0026#xA0; was a neighborhood boy treated for ocular damage after being shot in the eye by the young Avellanal, as well as a child persuaded into testing out one of Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis' new inventions: an electric chair.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs punishment for his mischief, Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis found himself in solitary confinement, but devised a plan of escape that involved stealing his father's vehicle. Having not yet learned how to drive, his plan of escape was a failure, and he found himself being shipped off to military school in Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Luis eventually returned to Tampa, but not before getting himself into a scrape in Lebanon, Tennessee, where he was charged with kidnapping a young woman and possession of narcotics.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUpon his return to Ybor City, Avellanal took up residence at El Pasaje Hotel, where he conducted experiments in cryogenics and attempted to publish articles on the resurrection of dead bodies. From his El Pasaje Hotel residence, Avellanal also entered the race for state senator, held services as an ordained Baptist minister, practiced medicine as a gynecologist and plastic surgeon (with diplomas obtained during his absence in Cuba), and established Southern University, a college offering degrees (but no courses) to the masses. A trial ensued in which Avellanal defended himself against charges of running a diploma mill, and in 1947, the Southern University Charter was revoked.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAvellanal was the creator and founder of numerous organizations, including the Legi\u0026#xF3;n de Honor de la Rep\u0026#xFA;blica de Cuba (Legion of Honor of the Republic of Cuba), an organization that bestowed honors and awards to worthy individuals such as Fulgencio Batista of Cuba, Chinese Congresswoman Grace Yi Hsu, and Norberto Lopez Avelar, then governor of the Mexican state of Morelos. While in Mexico, Avellanal obtained the title of Lieutenant General and was often seen in full uniform at Ybor City events.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the early 1970s, Avellanal joined the advisory committee for Ybor City's Hillsborough Community College campus and led efforts to save the El Pasaje Hotel building, for which he received a preservation award from U.S. Senator Richard Stone. Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis Avellanal died in 1982, and remains one of the most colorful characters in Ybor City memory.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Jean McAllister, 2011\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["José Luis Avellanal y Jimenez was born on October 3, 1903 to Concepción Jimenez and Dr. José Ramon Avellanal, a prominent Ybor City physician who was also the founder of El Bien Público Clinic.","From a very young age, José Luis was a major source of worry to his parents. Among his father's numerous patients  was a neighborhood boy treated for ocular damage after being shot in the eye by the young Avellanal, as well as a child persuaded into testing out one of José Luis' new inventions: an electric chair.","As punishment for his mischief, José Luis found himself in solitary confinement, but devised a plan of escape that involved stealing his father's vehicle. Having not yet learned how to drive, his plan of escape was a failure, and he found himself being shipped off to military school in Georgia.","José Luis eventually returned to Tampa, but not before getting himself into a scrape in Lebanon, Tennessee, where he was charged with kidnapping a young woman and possession of narcotics.","Upon his return to Ybor City, Avellanal took up residence at El Pasaje Hotel, where he conducted experiments in cryogenics and attempted to publish articles on the resurrection of dead bodies. From his El Pasaje Hotel residence, Avellanal also entered the race for state senator, held services as an ordained Baptist minister, practiced medicine as a gynecologist and plastic surgeon (with diplomas obtained during his absence in Cuba), and established Southern University, a college offering degrees (but no courses) to the masses. A trial ensued in which Avellanal defended himself against charges of running a diploma mill, and in 1947, the Southern University Charter was revoked.","Avellanal was the creator and founder of numerous organizations, including the Legión de Honor de la República de Cuba (Legion of Honor of the Republic of Cuba), an organization that bestowed honors and awards to worthy individuals such as Fulgencio Batista of Cuba, Chinese Congresswoman Grace Yi Hsu, and Norberto Lopez Avelar, then governor of the Mexican state of Morelos. While in Mexico, Avellanal obtained the title of Lieutenant General and was often seen in full uniform at Ybor City events.","In the early 1970s, Avellanal joined the advisory committee for Ybor City's Hillsborough Community College campus and led efforts to save the El Pasaje Hotel building, for which he received a preservation award from U.S. Senator Richard Stone. José Luis Avellanal died in 1982, and remains one of the most colorful characters in Ybor City memory.","Note written by Jean McAllister, 2011"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJose Luis Avellanal collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Jose Luis Avellanal collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJose Ramon Avellanal Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrince Alexis N. Gagarin Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAvellanal-Jimenez, Jose L. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEl Pasaje: Building and Its Adjoining Grounds, a Federal National Historic Site, 1888-1977, Tampa, Florida\u003c/emph\u003e. Tampa, Fla.: s.n, 1977. Print.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Related Publications"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Jose Ramon Avellanal Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Prince Alexis N. Gagarin Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Avellanal-Jimenez, Jose L.  El Pasaje: Building and Its Adjoining Grounds, a Federal National Historic Site, 1888-1977, Tampa, Florida . Tampa, Fla.: s.n, 1977. Print."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection reflects the lives and activities of the Avellanals, a prominent pioneering Ybor City family, with the bulk of the collection documenting the life and career of Lt. General Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis Avellanal y Jimenez. Among the papers in the collection are pamphlets, diaries, ledgers, correspondence, invoices and receipts, contracts, real estate title abstracts, lawsuits (including testimonies), certificates, photographs, corporate minutes, audits, medical reports, patents, stock certificates, newspaper clippings, and a small number of artifacts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection reflects the lives and activities of the Avellanals, a prominent pioneering Ybor City family, with the bulk of the collection documenting the life and career of Lt. General José Luis Avellanal y Jimenez. Among the papers in the collection are pamphlets, diaries, ledgers, correspondence, invoices and receipts, contracts, real estate title abstracts, lawsuits (including testimonies), certificates, photographs, corporate minutes, audits, medical reports, patents, stock certificates, newspaper clippings, and a small number of artifacts."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0;The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":790,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870862580648509440,"_root_":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:19:52.663Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06_aspace_90882"}},{"id":"b2cabd24f19a5a5ff8bfba95_aspace_95188","type":"Box","attributes":{"title":"General Correspondence, 1972-1984","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/b2cabd24f19a5a5ff8bfba95_aspace_95188#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_95188","ref_ssm":["aspace_95188","aspace_95188"],"id":"b2cabd24f19a5a5ff8bfba95_aspace_95188","title_filing_ssi":"General Correspondence","title_ssm":["General Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["General Correspondence"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1972-1984"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1972-1984"],"normalized_title_ssm":["General Correspondence, 1972-1984"],"text":["General Correspondence, 1972-1984","Francis J. Thompson collection, 1930-1989","Correspondence","General Correspondence by Date","10","/repositories/2/archival_objects/34800","box 10"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["b2cabd24f19a5a5ff8bfba95","b2cabd24f19a5a5ff8bfba95_aspace_95199","b2cabd24f19a5a5ff8bfba95_aspace_95200"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Francis J. Thompson collection, 1930-1989","Correspondence","General Correspondence by Date"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Francis J. Thompson collection, 1930-1989","Correspondence","General Correspondence by Date"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["10","/repositories/2/archival_objects/34800"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Francis J. Thompson collection, 1930-1989"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":10,"level_ssm":["Box"],"level_ssim":["Box"],"sort_isi":112,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"containers_ssim":["box 10"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#9","_nest_parent_":"b2cabd24f19a5a5ff8bfba95_aspace_95200","_root_":"b2cabd24f19a5a5ff8bfba95","timestamp":"2026-05-22T03:17:21.690Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"b2cabd24f19a5a5ff8bfba95","title_ssm":["Francis J. Thompson collection"],"title_tesim":["Francis J. Thompson collection"],"ead_ssi":"b2cabd24f19a5a5ff8bfba95","unitdate_ssm":["1930-1989"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1930-1989"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-1995-03","/repositories/2/resources/213"],"text":["MS-1995-03","/repositories/2/resources/213","Francis J. Thompson collection, 1930-1989","Authors, Irish","Authors, American","Communism and education","African Americans -- Florida -- Fiction","Irish literature -- History and criticism","Collection is arranged by type of material.","Francis J. Thompson was born in New York City in 1907, and received his bachelor's and master's degrees from Columbia University. Between 1931 and 1941 he taught public speaking at the City College of New York, studied at New York University, and traveled to Dublin to complete his dissertation, \"Fenianism and the Celtic Renaissance.\" Shortly after receiving his doctorate, Dr. Thompson was subpoenaed by the Rapp Coudert Committee of the New York State Legislature, investigated, and then suspended and fired by the CCNY for misconduct related to alleged Communist Party membership. He won reinstatement in December 1947 in a case covered by many histories of academic freedom. During the World War II period (1943-1946), he served as an Intelligence Officer in the U.S. Army, and after the war, he joined the Writing Department of Johns Hopkins University. Moving to Florida in 1953, he taught at Rollins College for two years before joining the faculty of the University of Tampa, retiring in 1976. He specialized in Irish literature, and during the early 1970s headed the university's Humanities Division. After retirement, Dr. Thompson taught Shakespeare at the Tampa Preparatory School until his death in 1989. He would best be remembered for his teaching and literary contributions. His novel Abraham's Wife focuses on a mixed race marriage between Cubans, the Ybor City section of Tampa, and the War of 1898. According to liner notes on the book jacket, Thompson visited Cuba many times in the 1920s, with his last visit for the purpose of studying at the University of Havana. He drew upon these experiences in creating the Cuban setting for an unpublished sequel, \"Abraham's Temptation.\" From the 1940s through the early 1980s, he reviewed hundreds of novels and non-fiction works for the Baltimore Sun, Roanoke Times, and the Tampa Tribune. He published literary criticism in professional journals, and like many an author, penned numerous articles, anthologies, and novels that remain unpublished. Dr. Thompson collected rare Anglo-Irish imprints and poetry broadsides, and donated substantial portions of these collections to the University of Tampa and the University of South Florida. He and his wife Marjorie spent many summers on extended bicycling vacations, which, along with his other interests, Dr. Thompson recorded in a meticulously detailed daily journal.","Note written by Thompson family","Thompson, Francis J.  Abraham's Wife . New York: Vanguard Press, 1953. Print.","Collection consists of correspondence, journals, interviews, articles, typescripts, book reviews, photographs, postcards, news clippings, dissertations, biographical materials, lectures, notes, drafts, and manuscripts.","The most significant aspects of the collection for researchers deal with Irish politics, literature, theater, and art, in addition to Thompson's correspondence with American writers. Also included are materials pertaining to the Rapp Coudert Committee investigations and Dr. Thompson's suspension, dismissal, appeal, and reinstatement at the City College of New York (1941-1948).","Anglo-Irish Collection, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/   for more information.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Thompson, Francis J. (1907-1989)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-1995-03","/repositories/2/resources/213"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1930-1989"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Francis J. Thompson collection, 1930-1989"],"collection_title_tesim":["Francis J. Thompson collection, 1930-1989"],"collection_ssim":["Francis J. Thompson collection, 1930-1989"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Thompson, Francis J. (1907-1989)"],"creator_ssim":["Thompson, Francis J. (1907-1989)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Thompson, Francis J. (1907-1989)"],"creators_ssim":["Thompson, Francis J. (1907-1989)"],"access_terms_ssm":["None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/   for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Francis J. Thompson","Donation"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Authors, Irish","Authors, American","Communism and education","African Americans -- Florida -- Fiction","Irish literature -- History and criticism"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Authors, Irish","Authors, American","Communism and education","African Americans -- Florida -- Fiction","Irish literature -- History and criticism"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["22.19 Linear Feet","53 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["22.19 Linear Feet","53 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is arranged by type of material.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["Collection is arranged by type of material."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrancis J. Thompson was born in New York City in 1907, and received his bachelor's and master's degrees from Columbia University. Between 1931 and 1941 he taught public speaking at the City College of New York, studied at New York University, and traveled to Dublin to complete his dissertation, \"Fenianism and the Celtic Renaissance.\" Shortly after receiving his doctorate, Dr. Thompson was subpoenaed by the Rapp Coudert Committee of the New York State Legislature, investigated, and then suspended and fired by the CCNY for misconduct related to alleged Communist Party membership. He won reinstatement in December 1947 in a case covered by many histories of academic freedom. During the World War II period (1943-1946), he served as an Intelligence Officer in the U.S. Army, and after the war, he joined the Writing Department of Johns Hopkins University. Moving to Florida in 1953, he taught at Rollins College for two years before joining the faculty of the University of Tampa, retiring in 1976. He specialized in Irish literature, and during the early 1970s headed the university's Humanities Division. After retirement, Dr. Thompson taught Shakespeare at the Tampa Preparatory School until his death in 1989. He would best be remembered for his teaching and literary contributions. His novel Abraham's Wife focuses on a mixed race marriage between Cubans, the Ybor City section of Tampa, and the War of 1898. According to liner notes on the book jacket, Thompson visited Cuba many times in the 1920s, with his last visit for the purpose of studying at the University of Havana. He drew upon these experiences in creating the Cuban setting for an unpublished sequel, \"Abraham's Temptation.\" From the 1940s through the early 1980s, he reviewed hundreds of novels and non-fiction works for the Baltimore Sun, Roanoke Times, and the Tampa Tribune. He published literary criticism in professional journals, and like many an author, penned numerous articles, anthologies, and novels that remain unpublished. Dr. Thompson collected rare Anglo-Irish imprints and poetry broadsides, and donated substantial portions of these collections to the University of Tampa and the University of South Florida. He and his wife Marjorie spent many summers on extended bicycling vacations, which, along with his other interests, Dr. Thompson recorded in a meticulously detailed daily journal.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Thompson family\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Francis J. Thompson was born in New York City in 1907, and received his bachelor's and master's degrees from Columbia University. Between 1931 and 1941 he taught public speaking at the City College of New York, studied at New York University, and traveled to Dublin to complete his dissertation, \"Fenianism and the Celtic Renaissance.\" Shortly after receiving his doctorate, Dr. Thompson was subpoenaed by the Rapp Coudert Committee of the New York State Legislature, investigated, and then suspended and fired by the CCNY for misconduct related to alleged Communist Party membership. He won reinstatement in December 1947 in a case covered by many histories of academic freedom. During the World War II period (1943-1946), he served as an Intelligence Officer in the U.S. Army, and after the war, he joined the Writing Department of Johns Hopkins University. Moving to Florida in 1953, he taught at Rollins College for two years before joining the faculty of the University of Tampa, retiring in 1976. He specialized in Irish literature, and during the early 1970s headed the university's Humanities Division. After retirement, Dr. Thompson taught Shakespeare at the Tampa Preparatory School until his death in 1989. He would best be remembered for his teaching and literary contributions. His novel Abraham's Wife focuses on a mixed race marriage between Cubans, the Ybor City section of Tampa, and the War of 1898. According to liner notes on the book jacket, Thompson visited Cuba many times in the 1920s, with his last visit for the purpose of studying at the University of Havana. He drew upon these experiences in creating the Cuban setting for an unpublished sequel, \"Abraham's Temptation.\" From the 1940s through the early 1980s, he reviewed hundreds of novels and non-fiction works for the Baltimore Sun, Roanoke Times, and the Tampa Tribune. He published literary criticism in professional journals, and like many an author, penned numerous articles, anthologies, and novels that remain unpublished. Dr. Thompson collected rare Anglo-Irish imprints and poetry broadsides, and donated substantial portions of these collections to the University of Tampa and the University of South Florida. He and his wife Marjorie spent many summers on extended bicycling vacations, which, along with his other interests, Dr. Thompson recorded in a meticulously detailed daily journal.","Note written by Thompson family"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrancis J. Thompson Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Francis J. Thompson Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThompson, Francis J. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAbraham's Wife\u003c/emph\u003e. New York: Vanguard Press, 1953. Print.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Publications"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Thompson, Francis J.  Abraham's Wife . New York: Vanguard Press, 1953. Print."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection consists of correspondence, journals, interviews, articles, typescripts, book reviews, photographs, postcards, news clippings, dissertations, biographical materials, lectures, notes, drafts, and manuscripts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe most significant aspects of the collection for researchers deal with Irish politics, literature, theater, and art, in addition to Thompson's correspondence with American writers. Also included are materials pertaining to the Rapp Coudert Committee investigations and Dr. Thompson's suspension, dismissal, appeal, and reinstatement at the City College of New York (1941-1948).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection consists of correspondence, journals, interviews, articles, typescripts, book reviews, photographs, postcards, news clippings, dissertations, biographical materials, lectures, notes, drafts, and manuscripts.","The most significant aspects of the collection for researchers deal with Irish politics, literature, theater, and art, in addition to Thompson's correspondence with American writers. Also included are materials pertaining to the Rapp Coudert Committee investigations and Dr. Thompson's suspension, dismissal, appeal, and reinstatement at the City College of New York (1941-1948)."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAnglo-Irish Collection, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Anglo-Irish Collection, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e\u0026#xA0; for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/   for more information."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Thompson, Francis J. (1907-1989)"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Thompson, Francis J. (1907-1989)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":643,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"b2cabd24f19a5a5ff8bfba95","timestamp":"2026-05-22T03:17:21.690Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/b2cabd24f19a5a5ff8bfba95_aspace_95188"}},{"id":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06_aspace_90883","type":"Box","attributes":{"title":"General Correspondence, 1975-1981","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06_aspace_90883#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_90883","ref_ssm":["aspace_90883","aspace_90883"],"id":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06_aspace_90883","title_filing_ssi":"General Correspondence","title_ssm":["General Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["General Correspondence"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1975-1981"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1975-1981"],"normalized_title_ssm":["General Correspondence, 1975-1981"],"text":["General Correspondence, 1975-1981","José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981","General Correspondence","32","/repositories/2/archival_objects/29628","box 32"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06","862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06_aspace_90849"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981","General Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981","General Correspondence"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["32","/repositories/2/archival_objects/29628"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":7,"level_ssm":["Box"],"level_ssim":["Box"],"sort_isi":195,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"containers_ssim":["box 32"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#22","_nest_parent_":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06_aspace_90849","_root_":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06","_version_":1870862580648509440,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:19:52.663Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06","title_ssm":["José Luis Avellanal collection"],"title_tesim":["José Luis Avellanal collection"],"ead_ssi":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06","unitdate_ssm":["1907-1981"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1907-1981"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-1984-01","/repositories/2/resources/183"],"text":["MS-1984-01","/repositories/2/resources/183","José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981","Ybor City (Tampa, Fla.) -- Social life and customs","El Pasaje Hotel (Tampa, Fla.)","Immigrants -- Florida -- History","The collection is arranged within series by subject.","José Luis Avellanal y Jimenez was born on October 3, 1903 to Concepción Jimenez and Dr. José Ramon Avellanal, a prominent Ybor City physician who was also the founder of El Bien Público Clinic.","From a very young age, José Luis was a major source of worry to his parents. Among his father's numerous patients  was a neighborhood boy treated for ocular damage after being shot in the eye by the young Avellanal, as well as a child persuaded into testing out one of José Luis' new inventions: an electric chair.","As punishment for his mischief, José Luis found himself in solitary confinement, but devised a plan of escape that involved stealing his father's vehicle. Having not yet learned how to drive, his plan of escape was a failure, and he found himself being shipped off to military school in Georgia.","José Luis eventually returned to Tampa, but not before getting himself into a scrape in Lebanon, Tennessee, where he was charged with kidnapping a young woman and possession of narcotics.","Upon his return to Ybor City, Avellanal took up residence at El Pasaje Hotel, where he conducted experiments in cryogenics and attempted to publish articles on the resurrection of dead bodies. From his El Pasaje Hotel residence, Avellanal also entered the race for state senator, held services as an ordained Baptist minister, practiced medicine as a gynecologist and plastic surgeon (with diplomas obtained during his absence in Cuba), and established Southern University, a college offering degrees (but no courses) to the masses. A trial ensued in which Avellanal defended himself against charges of running a diploma mill, and in 1947, the Southern University Charter was revoked.","Avellanal was the creator and founder of numerous organizations, including the Legión de Honor de la República de Cuba (Legion of Honor of the Republic of Cuba), an organization that bestowed honors and awards to worthy individuals such as Fulgencio Batista of Cuba, Chinese Congresswoman Grace Yi Hsu, and Norberto Lopez Avelar, then governor of the Mexican state of Morelos. While in Mexico, Avellanal obtained the title of Lieutenant General and was often seen in full uniform at Ybor City events.","In the early 1970s, Avellanal joined the advisory committee for Ybor City's Hillsborough Community College campus and led efforts to save the El Pasaje Hotel building, for which he received a preservation award from U.S. Senator Richard Stone. José Luis Avellanal died in 1982, and remains one of the most colorful characters in Ybor City memory.","Note written by Jean McAllister, 2011","Jose Ramon Avellanal Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Prince Alexis N. Gagarin Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Avellanal-Jimenez, Jose L.  El Pasaje: Building and Its Adjoining Grounds, a Federal National Historic Site, 1888-1977, Tampa, Florida . Tampa, Fla.: s.n, 1977. Print.","The collection reflects the lives and activities of the Avellanals, a prominent pioneering Ybor City family, with the bulk of the collection documenting the life and career of Lt. General José Luis Avellanal y Jimenez. Among the papers in the collection are pamphlets, diaries, ledgers, correspondence, invoices and receipts, contracts, real estate title abstracts, lawsuits (including testimonies), certificates, photographs, corporate minutes, audits, medical reports, patents, stock certificates, newspaper clippings, and a small number of artifacts.","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-1984-01","/repositories/2/resources/183"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1907-1981"],"normalized_title_ssm":["José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981"],"collection_title_tesim":["José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981"],"collection_ssim":["José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Ybor City (Tampa, Fla.) -- Social life and customs"],"geogname_ssim":["Ybor City (Tampa, Fla.) -- Social life and customs"],"creator_ssm":["Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"creator_ssim":["Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"creators_ssim":["Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"places_ssim":["Ybor City (Tampa, Fla.) -- Social life and customs"],"access_terms_ssm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Avellanal Family","Donation"],"access_subjects_ssim":["El Pasaje Hotel (Tampa, Fla.)","Immigrants -- Florida -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["El Pasaje Hotel (Tampa, Fla.)","Immigrants -- Florida -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["42.44 Linear Feet","95 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["42.44 Linear Feet","95 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged within series by subject.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged within series by subject."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Luis Avellanal y Jimenez was born on October 3, 1903 to Concepci\u0026#xF3;n Jimenez and Dr. Jos\u0026#xE9; Ramon Avellanal, a prominent Ybor City physician who was also the founder of El Bien P\u0026#xFA;blico Clinic.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom a very young age, Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis was a major source of worry to his parents. Among his father's numerous patients\u0026#xA0; was a neighborhood boy treated for ocular damage after being shot in the eye by the young Avellanal, as well as a child persuaded into testing out one of Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis' new inventions: an electric chair.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs punishment for his mischief, Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis found himself in solitary confinement, but devised a plan of escape that involved stealing his father's vehicle. Having not yet learned how to drive, his plan of escape was a failure, and he found himself being shipped off to military school in Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Luis eventually returned to Tampa, but not before getting himself into a scrape in Lebanon, Tennessee, where he was charged with kidnapping a young woman and possession of narcotics.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUpon his return to Ybor City, Avellanal took up residence at El Pasaje Hotel, where he conducted experiments in cryogenics and attempted to publish articles on the resurrection of dead bodies. From his El Pasaje Hotel residence, Avellanal also entered the race for state senator, held services as an ordained Baptist minister, practiced medicine as a gynecologist and plastic surgeon (with diplomas obtained during his absence in Cuba), and established Southern University, a college offering degrees (but no courses) to the masses. A trial ensued in which Avellanal defended himself against charges of running a diploma mill, and in 1947, the Southern University Charter was revoked.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAvellanal was the creator and founder of numerous organizations, including the Legi\u0026#xF3;n de Honor de la Rep\u0026#xFA;blica de Cuba (Legion of Honor of the Republic of Cuba), an organization that bestowed honors and awards to worthy individuals such as Fulgencio Batista of Cuba, Chinese Congresswoman Grace Yi Hsu, and Norberto Lopez Avelar, then governor of the Mexican state of Morelos. While in Mexico, Avellanal obtained the title of Lieutenant General and was often seen in full uniform at Ybor City events.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the early 1970s, Avellanal joined the advisory committee for Ybor City's Hillsborough Community College campus and led efforts to save the El Pasaje Hotel building, for which he received a preservation award from U.S. Senator Richard Stone. Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis Avellanal died in 1982, and remains one of the most colorful characters in Ybor City memory.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Jean McAllister, 2011\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["José Luis Avellanal y Jimenez was born on October 3, 1903 to Concepción Jimenez and Dr. José Ramon Avellanal, a prominent Ybor City physician who was also the founder of El Bien Público Clinic.","From a very young age, José Luis was a major source of worry to his parents. Among his father's numerous patients  was a neighborhood boy treated for ocular damage after being shot in the eye by the young Avellanal, as well as a child persuaded into testing out one of José Luis' new inventions: an electric chair.","As punishment for his mischief, José Luis found himself in solitary confinement, but devised a plan of escape that involved stealing his father's vehicle. Having not yet learned how to drive, his plan of escape was a failure, and he found himself being shipped off to military school in Georgia.","José Luis eventually returned to Tampa, but not before getting himself into a scrape in Lebanon, Tennessee, where he was charged with kidnapping a young woman and possession of narcotics.","Upon his return to Ybor City, Avellanal took up residence at El Pasaje Hotel, where he conducted experiments in cryogenics and attempted to publish articles on the resurrection of dead bodies. From his El Pasaje Hotel residence, Avellanal also entered the race for state senator, held services as an ordained Baptist minister, practiced medicine as a gynecologist and plastic surgeon (with diplomas obtained during his absence in Cuba), and established Southern University, a college offering degrees (but no courses) to the masses. A trial ensued in which Avellanal defended himself against charges of running a diploma mill, and in 1947, the Southern University Charter was revoked.","Avellanal was the creator and founder of numerous organizations, including the Legión de Honor de la República de Cuba (Legion of Honor of the Republic of Cuba), an organization that bestowed honors and awards to worthy individuals such as Fulgencio Batista of Cuba, Chinese Congresswoman Grace Yi Hsu, and Norberto Lopez Avelar, then governor of the Mexican state of Morelos. While in Mexico, Avellanal obtained the title of Lieutenant General and was often seen in full uniform at Ybor City events.","In the early 1970s, Avellanal joined the advisory committee for Ybor City's Hillsborough Community College campus and led efforts to save the El Pasaje Hotel building, for which he received a preservation award from U.S. Senator Richard Stone. José Luis Avellanal died in 1982, and remains one of the most colorful characters in Ybor City memory.","Note written by Jean McAllister, 2011"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJose Luis Avellanal collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Jose Luis Avellanal collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJose Ramon Avellanal Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrince Alexis N. Gagarin Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAvellanal-Jimenez, Jose L. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEl Pasaje: Building and Its Adjoining Grounds, a Federal National Historic Site, 1888-1977, Tampa, Florida\u003c/emph\u003e. Tampa, Fla.: s.n, 1977. Print.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Related Publications"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Jose Ramon Avellanal Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Prince Alexis N. Gagarin Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Avellanal-Jimenez, Jose L.  El Pasaje: Building and Its Adjoining Grounds, a Federal National Historic Site, 1888-1977, Tampa, Florida . Tampa, Fla.: s.n, 1977. Print."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection reflects the lives and activities of the Avellanals, a prominent pioneering Ybor City family, with the bulk of the collection documenting the life and career of Lt. General Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis Avellanal y Jimenez. Among the papers in the collection are pamphlets, diaries, ledgers, correspondence, invoices and receipts, contracts, real estate title abstracts, lawsuits (including testimonies), certificates, photographs, corporate minutes, audits, medical reports, patents, stock certificates, newspaper clippings, and a small number of artifacts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection reflects the lives and activities of the Avellanals, a prominent pioneering Ybor City family, with the bulk of the collection documenting the life and career of Lt. General José Luis Avellanal y Jimenez. Among the papers in the collection are pamphlets, diaries, ledgers, correspondence, invoices and receipts, contracts, real estate title abstracts, lawsuits (including testimonies), certificates, photographs, corporate minutes, audits, medical reports, patents, stock certificates, newspaper clippings, and a small number of artifacts."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0;The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":790,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870862580648509440,"_root_":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:19:52.663Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06_aspace_90883"}},{"id":"c238263b9a227bfb13ffe005_aspace_129939","type":"Box","attributes":{"title":"General Correspondence- Gulf Life Insurance, 1928-1974","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/c238263b9a227bfb13ffe005_aspace_129939#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_129939","ref_ssm":["aspace_129939","aspace_129939"],"id":"c238263b9a227bfb13ffe005_aspace_129939","title_filing_ssi":"General Correspondence- Gulf Life Insurance","title_ssm":["General Correspondence- Gulf Life Insurance"],"title_tesim":["General Correspondence- Gulf Life Insurance"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1928-1974"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1928-1974"],"normalized_title_ssm":["General Correspondence- Gulf Life Insurance, 1928-1974"],"text":["General Correspondence- Gulf Life Insurance, 1928-1974","Sumter Lowry papers, 1911-1986","8","/repositories/2/archival_objects/50081","box 8"],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["c238263b9a227bfb13ffe005"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Sumter Lowry papers, 1911-1986"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Sumter Lowry papers, 1911-1986"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["8","/repositories/2/archival_objects/50081"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Sumter Lowry papers, 1911-1986"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":36,"level_ssm":["Box"],"level_ssim":["Box"],"sort_isi":397,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"containers_ssim":["box 8"],"_nest_path_":"/components#7","_nest_parent_":"c238263b9a227bfb13ffe005","_root_":"c238263b9a227bfb13ffe005","_version_":1870862841775390720,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:24:01.630Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"c238263b9a227bfb13ffe005","title_ssm":["Sumter Lowry papers"],"title_tesim":["Sumter Lowry papers"],"ead_ssi":"c238263b9a227bfb13ffe005","unitdate_ssm":["1911-1986"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1911-1986"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-1989-07","/repositories/2/resources/307"],"text":["MS-1989-07","/repositories/2/resources/307","Sumter Lowry papers, 1911-1986","Florida -- Politics and government","Military","Communism","Sumter Lowry Papers are arranged in mostly alphabetical order. Additional materials were added to the end of the collection.","Sumter Lowry was born in St. Augustine, FL on August 27, 1893 to Sumter DeLeon Lowry and Willie Miller Lowry. Sumter Lowry was a Lt. General in the National Guard, a businessman, and political activist. In 1894 the Lowry family moved to the Tampa Bay area, by 1914 Sumter Lowry began his military career creating Company H and Infantry Company. In 1916 Sumter married Elizabeth Bellamy Parkhill, together they had 5 children. His military career included organizing the 116th Field Artillery Regiment of the Florida National Guard in 1921, as well as establishing Benjamin Field camp (Renamed Fort Homer Hesterly in 1940). By 1934 he received a promotion to Brigadier General and command over the 56th Field Artillery U.S. National Guard. Concurrent with his military career, Lowry established the Victory National Life Insurance in 1921 serving as president. In 1928, he served on the board for Gulf Life Insurance after a merger with Victory National Life Insurance. In 1952, Sumter Lowry retired to civilian life as a Lt. General. He continued to be active in business, community affairs, and politics until his death in 1985 at the age of 91.","Sumter Lowry Currency Collection","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","Sumter Lowry papers consists of correspondence, speeches, reports, maps, news clippings, and publications with business, military, and political activities ranging from 1911- 1986.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","United Nations","United States. National Guard","Lowry, Sumter de Leon, Jr., 1893-1985","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-1989-07","/repositories/2/resources/307"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1911-1986"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sumter Lowry papers, 1911-1986"],"collection_title_tesim":["Sumter Lowry papers, 1911-1986"],"collection_ssim":["Sumter Lowry papers, 1911-1986"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Florida -- Politics and government"],"geogname_ssim":["Florida -- Politics and government"],"creator_ssm":["Lowry, Sumter de Leon, Jr., 1893-1985"],"creator_ssim":["Lowry, Sumter de Leon, Jr., 1893-1985"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Lowry, Sumter de Leon, Jr., 1893-1985"],"creators_ssim":["Lowry, Sumter de Leon, Jr., 1893-1985"],"places_ssim":["Florida -- Politics and government"],"access_terms_ssm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Military","Communism"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Military","Communism"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["31.00 Linear Feet","28 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["31.00 Linear Feet","28 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSumter Lowry Papers are arranged in mostly alphabetical order. Additional materials were added to the end of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["Sumter Lowry Papers are arranged in mostly alphabetical order. Additional materials were added to the end of the collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSumter Lowry was born in St. Augustine, FL on August 27, 1893 to Sumter DeLeon Lowry and Willie Miller Lowry. Sumter Lowry was a Lt. General in the National Guard, a businessman, and political activist. In 1894 the Lowry family moved to the Tampa Bay area, by 1914 Sumter Lowry began his military career creating Company H and Infantry Company. In 1916 Sumter married Elizabeth Bellamy Parkhill, together they had 5 children. His military career included organizing the 116th Field Artillery Regiment of the Florida National Guard in 1921, as well as establishing Benjamin Field camp (Renamed Fort Homer Hesterly in 1940). By 1934 he received a promotion to Brigadier General and command over the 56th Field Artillery U.S. National Guard. Concurrent with his military career, Lowry established the Victory National Life Insurance in 1921 serving as president. In 1928, he served on the board for Gulf Life Insurance after a merger with Victory National Life Insurance. In 1952, Sumter Lowry retired to civilian life as a Lt. General. He continued to be active in business, community affairs, and politics until his death in 1985 at the age of 91.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Sumter Lowry was born in St. Augustine, FL on August 27, 1893 to Sumter DeLeon Lowry and Willie Miller Lowry. Sumter Lowry was a Lt. General in the National Guard, a businessman, and political activist. In 1894 the Lowry family moved to the Tampa Bay area, by 1914 Sumter Lowry began his military career creating Company H and Infantry Company. In 1916 Sumter married Elizabeth Bellamy Parkhill, together they had 5 children. His military career included organizing the 116th Field Artillery Regiment of the Florida National Guard in 1921, as well as establishing Benjamin Field camp (Renamed Fort Homer Hesterly in 1940). By 1934 he received a promotion to Brigadier General and command over the 56th Field Artillery U.S. National Guard. Concurrent with his military career, Lowry established the Victory National Life Insurance in 1921 serving as president. In 1928, he served on the board for Gulf Life Insurance after a merger with Victory National Life Insurance. In 1952, Sumter Lowry retired to civilian life as a Lt. General. He continued to be active in business, community affairs, and politics until his death in 1985 at the age of 91."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSumter Lowry papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u0026#xA0;\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Sumter Lowry papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. "],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSumter Lowry Currency Collection\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Sumter Lowry Currency Collection"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0;The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7716db4fd8eb570a8ccbc8bdcd3db591\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eSumter Lowry papers consists of correspondence, speeches, reports, maps, news clippings, and publications with business, military, and political activities ranging from 1911- 1986.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Sumter Lowry papers consists of correspondence, speeches, reports, maps, news clippings, and publications with business, military, and political activities ranging from 1911- 1986."],"names_coll_ssim":["United Nations","United States. National Guard"],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","United Nations","United States. National Guard","Lowry, Sumter de Leon, Jr., 1893-1985"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","United Nations","United States. 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Terrell Sessums collection, 1952-2009, Date acquired: 12/13/1974","Publications and Correspondence","52","/repositories/2/archival_objects/84080","box 52"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["5431aeb5d782b72e838eb840","5431aeb5d782b72e838eb840_aspace_52806"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["T. Terrell Sessums collection, 1952-2009, Date acquired: 12/13/1974","Publications and Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["T. Terrell Sessums collection, 1952-2009, Date acquired: 12/13/1974","Publications and Correspondence"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["52","/repositories/2/archival_objects/84080"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["T. Terrell Sessums collection, 1952-2009, Date acquired: 12/13/1974"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":12,"level_ssm":["Box"],"level_ssim":["Box"],"sort_isi":539,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"containers_ssim":["box 52"],"_nest_path_":"/components#5/components#10","_nest_parent_":"5431aeb5d782b72e838eb840_aspace_52806","_root_":"5431aeb5d782b72e838eb840","timestamp":"2026-07-09T04:24:39.610Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"5431aeb5d782b72e838eb840","title_ssm":["T. Terrell Sessums collection"],"title_tesim":["T. Terrell Sessums collection"],"ead_ssi":"5431aeb5d782b72e838eb840","unitdate_ssm":["1952-2009","Date acquired: 12/13/1974"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1952-2009"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 12/13/1974"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-1974-03","/repositories/2/resources/394"],"text":["MS-1974-03","/repositories/2/resources/394","T. Terrell Sessums collection, 1952-2009, Date acquired: 12/13/1974","Citrus County (Fla.)","Pasco County (Fla.)","Tampa (Fla.) -- History","Hernando County (Fla.) -- History","Constitutions","Education, Higher -- Florida","Florida -- Legislature -- House of Representatives","Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University","Hillsborough County (Fla.) -- Charters","School integration -- Florida -- Hillsborough County","State universities and colleges -- Florida","Sessums, T. Terrell -- Correspondence","Within series, by subject and type of material","A native Floridian, Terrell Sessums was born in 1930 in Daytona Beach. He was raised in Jacksonville, Florida, and received his bachelor's degree in political science from the University of Florida in 1953. After graduation, Sessums was commissioned as a 2 nd  Lieutenant in the United States Air Force. He was stationed in Alabama for three years before returning to the University of Florida to obtain his law degree, which he received in 1958. His legal career began in Tampa, where he gained exposure to Hillsborough County politics while working at the law firm of Hardee and Ott. During the 1959 and 1961 legislative sessions, Sessums worked as a legislative aide to former Senator Sam Gibbons, who played a key role in the establishment of the University of South Florida.  In 1963, Sessums was elected to the Florida House of Representatives, where he served as Speaker pro tempore from 1968 to 1970 and Speaker of the House from 1972 to 1974. During this time, Sessums remained greatly concerned with education in Florida.  He served as chairman of the House Education Committee from 1970 to 1972, and was particularly active in pressing for more equitable allocation of education funds. Sessums also played a major role in the establishment of the University of South Florida College of Medicine, which opened with its charter class in September of 1971.","Pearson, Paul. \"Silhouettes: Terrell Sessums.\"  La Gaceta . (August 19, 1994): 14.","Terrell T. Sessums, Carlton-Anthony Oral History Project, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","Terrell T. Sessums Papers, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","Note written by Jean Mcallister, 2010","T. 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He was raised in Jacksonville, Florida, and received his bachelor's degree in political science from the University of Florida in 1953. After graduation, Sessums was commissioned as a 2 nd  Lieutenant in the United States Air Force. He was stationed in Alabama for three years before returning to the University of Florida to obtain his law degree, which he received in 1958. His legal career began in Tampa, where he gained exposure to Hillsborough County politics while working at the law firm of Hardee and Ott. During the 1959 and 1961 legislative sessions, Sessums worked as a legislative aide to former Senator Sam Gibbons, who played a key role in the establishment of the University of South Florida.  In 1963, Sessums was elected to the Florida House of Representatives, where he served as Speaker pro tempore from 1968 to 1970 and Speaker of the House from 1972 to 1974. During this time, Sessums remained greatly concerned with education in Florida.  He served as chairman of the House Education Committee from 1970 to 1972, and was particularly active in pressing for more equitable allocation of education funds. Sessums also played a major role in the establishment of the University of South Florida College of Medicine, which opened with its charter class in September of 1971.","Pearson, Paul. \"Silhouettes: Terrell Sessums.\"  La Gaceta . (August 19, 1994): 14.","Terrell T. Sessums, Carlton-Anthony Oral History Project, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","Terrell T. Sessums Papers, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","Note written by Jean Mcallister, 2010"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eT. Terrell Sessums Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["T. Terrell Sessums Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eT. Terrell Sessums [video recording], Carlton-Anthony Oral History Project, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehttp://digital.lib.usf.edu/?u11.22\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["T. Terrell Sessums [video recording], Carlton-Anthony Oral History Project, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","http://digital.lib.usf.edu/?u11.22"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials include correspondence, publications, reports, legislative proposals, campaign materials, maps, photographs, newspaper clippings, bills, and charters. 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The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"containers_ssim":["box 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#0","_nest_parent_":"b2cabd24f19a5a5ff8bfba95_aspace_95200","_root_":"b2cabd24f19a5a5ff8bfba95","timestamp":"2026-05-22T03:17:21.690Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"b2cabd24f19a5a5ff8bfba95","title_ssm":["Francis J. Thompson collection"],"title_tesim":["Francis J. Thompson collection"],"ead_ssi":"b2cabd24f19a5a5ff8bfba95","unitdate_ssm":["1930-1989"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1930-1989"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-1995-03","/repositories/2/resources/213"],"text":["MS-1995-03","/repositories/2/resources/213","Francis J. Thompson collection, 1930-1989","Authors, Irish","Authors, American","Communism and education","African Americans -- Florida -- Fiction","Irish literature -- History and criticism","Collection is arranged by type of material.","Francis J. Thompson was born in New York City in 1907, and received his bachelor's and master's degrees from Columbia University. Between 1931 and 1941 he taught public speaking at the City College of New York, studied at New York University, and traveled to Dublin to complete his dissertation, \"Fenianism and the Celtic Renaissance.\" Shortly after receiving his doctorate, Dr. Thompson was subpoenaed by the Rapp Coudert Committee of the New York State Legislature, investigated, and then suspended and fired by the CCNY for misconduct related to alleged Communist Party membership. He won reinstatement in December 1947 in a case covered by many histories of academic freedom. During the World War II period (1943-1946), he served as an Intelligence Officer in the U.S. Army, and after the war, he joined the Writing Department of Johns Hopkins University. Moving to Florida in 1953, he taught at Rollins College for two years before joining the faculty of the University of Tampa, retiring in 1976. He specialized in Irish literature, and during the early 1970s headed the university's Humanities Division. After retirement, Dr. Thompson taught Shakespeare at the Tampa Preparatory School until his death in 1989. He would best be remembered for his teaching and literary contributions. His novel Abraham's Wife focuses on a mixed race marriage between Cubans, the Ybor City section of Tampa, and the War of 1898. According to liner notes on the book jacket, Thompson visited Cuba many times in the 1920s, with his last visit for the purpose of studying at the University of Havana. He drew upon these experiences in creating the Cuban setting for an unpublished sequel, \"Abraham's Temptation.\" From the 1940s through the early 1980s, he reviewed hundreds of novels and non-fiction works for the Baltimore Sun, Roanoke Times, and the Tampa Tribune. He published literary criticism in professional journals, and like many an author, penned numerous articles, anthologies, and novels that remain unpublished. Dr. Thompson collected rare Anglo-Irish imprints and poetry broadsides, and donated substantial portions of these collections to the University of Tampa and the University of South Florida. He and his wife Marjorie spent many summers on extended bicycling vacations, which, along with his other interests, Dr. Thompson recorded in a meticulously detailed daily journal.","Note written by Thompson family","Thompson, Francis J.  Abraham's Wife . New York: Vanguard Press, 1953. Print.","Collection consists of correspondence, journals, interviews, articles, typescripts, book reviews, photographs, postcards, news clippings, dissertations, biographical materials, lectures, notes, drafts, and manuscripts.","The most significant aspects of the collection for researchers deal with Irish politics, literature, theater, and art, in addition to Thompson's correspondence with American writers. Also included are materials pertaining to the Rapp Coudert Committee investigations and Dr. Thompson's suspension, dismissal, appeal, and reinstatement at the City College of New York (1941-1948).","Anglo-Irish Collection, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/   for more information.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Thompson, Francis J. 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He specialized in Irish literature, and during the early 1970s headed the university's Humanities Division. After retirement, Dr. Thompson taught Shakespeare at the Tampa Preparatory School until his death in 1989. He would best be remembered for his teaching and literary contributions. His novel Abraham's Wife focuses on a mixed race marriage between Cubans, the Ybor City section of Tampa, and the War of 1898. According to liner notes on the book jacket, Thompson visited Cuba many times in the 1920s, with his last visit for the purpose of studying at the University of Havana. He drew upon these experiences in creating the Cuban setting for an unpublished sequel, \"Abraham's Temptation.\" From the 1940s through the early 1980s, he reviewed hundreds of novels and non-fiction works for the Baltimore Sun, Roanoke Times, and the Tampa Tribune. He published literary criticism in professional journals, and like many an author, penned numerous articles, anthologies, and novels that remain unpublished. Dr. Thompson collected rare Anglo-Irish imprints and poetry broadsides, and donated substantial portions of these collections to the University of Tampa and the University of South Florida. He and his wife Marjorie spent many summers on extended bicycling vacations, which, along with his other interests, Dr. Thompson recorded in a meticulously detailed daily journal.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Thompson family\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Francis J. Thompson was born in New York City in 1907, and received his bachelor's and master's degrees from Columbia University. 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After retirement, Dr. Thompson taught Shakespeare at the Tampa Preparatory School until his death in 1989. He would best be remembered for his teaching and literary contributions. His novel Abraham's Wife focuses on a mixed race marriage between Cubans, the Ybor City section of Tampa, and the War of 1898. According to liner notes on the book jacket, Thompson visited Cuba many times in the 1920s, with his last visit for the purpose of studying at the University of Havana. He drew upon these experiences in creating the Cuban setting for an unpublished sequel, \"Abraham's Temptation.\" From the 1940s through the early 1980s, he reviewed hundreds of novels and non-fiction works for the Baltimore Sun, Roanoke Times, and the Tampa Tribune. He published literary criticism in professional journals, and like many an author, penned numerous articles, anthologies, and novels that remain unpublished. Dr. Thompson collected rare Anglo-Irish imprints and poetry broadsides, and donated substantial portions of these collections to the University of Tampa and the University of South Florida. He and his wife Marjorie spent many summers on extended bicycling vacations, which, along with his other interests, Dr. Thompson recorded in a meticulously detailed daily journal.","Note written by Thompson family"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrancis J. Thompson Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Francis J. Thompson Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThompson, Francis J. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAbraham's Wife\u003c/emph\u003e. New York: Vanguard Press, 1953. 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Also included are materials pertaining to the Rapp Coudert Committee investigations and Dr. Thompson's suspension, dismissal, appeal, and reinstatement at the City College of New York (1941-1948)."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAnglo-Irish Collection, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Anglo-Irish Collection, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e\u0026#xA0; for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. 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Among his father's numerous patients  was a neighborhood boy treated for ocular damage after being shot in the eye by the young Avellanal, as well as a child persuaded into testing out one of José Luis' new inventions: an electric chair.","As punishment for his mischief, José Luis found himself in solitary confinement, but devised a plan of escape that involved stealing his father's vehicle. Having not yet learned how to drive, his plan of escape was a failure, and he found himself being shipped off to military school in Georgia.","José Luis eventually returned to Tampa, but not before getting himself into a scrape in Lebanon, Tennessee, where he was charged with kidnapping a young woman and possession of narcotics.","Upon his return to Ybor City, Avellanal took up residence at El Pasaje Hotel, where he conducted experiments in cryogenics and attempted to publish articles on the resurrection of dead bodies. From his El Pasaje Hotel residence, Avellanal also entered the race for state senator, held services as an ordained Baptist minister, practiced medicine as a gynecologist and plastic surgeon (with diplomas obtained during his absence in Cuba), and established Southern University, a college offering degrees (but no courses) to the masses. A trial ensued in which Avellanal defended himself against charges of running a diploma mill, and in 1947, the Southern University Charter was revoked.","Avellanal was the creator and founder of numerous organizations, including the Legión de Honor de la República de Cuba (Legion of Honor of the Republic of Cuba), an organization that bestowed honors and awards to worthy individuals such as Fulgencio Batista of Cuba, Chinese Congresswoman Grace Yi Hsu, and Norberto Lopez Avelar, then governor of the Mexican state of Morelos. 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Among his father's numerous patients\u0026#xA0; was a neighborhood boy treated for ocular damage after being shot in the eye by the young Avellanal, as well as a child persuaded into testing out one of Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis' new inventions: an electric chair.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs punishment for his mischief, Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis found himself in solitary confinement, but devised a plan of escape that involved stealing his father's vehicle. 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Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis Avellanal died in 1982, and remains one of the most colorful characters in Ybor City memory.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Jean McAllister, 2011\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["José Luis Avellanal y Jimenez was born on October 3, 1903 to Concepción Jimenez and Dr. José Ramon Avellanal, a prominent Ybor City physician who was also the founder of El Bien Público Clinic.","From a very young age, José Luis was a major source of worry to his parents. Among his father's numerous patients  was a neighborhood boy treated for ocular damage after being shot in the eye by the young Avellanal, as well as a child persuaded into testing out one of José Luis' new inventions: an electric chair.","As punishment for his mischief, José Luis found himself in solitary confinement, but devised a plan of escape that involved stealing his father's vehicle. Having not yet learned how to drive, his plan of escape was a failure, and he found himself being shipped off to military school in Georgia.","José Luis eventually returned to Tampa, but not before getting himself into a scrape in Lebanon, Tennessee, where he was charged with kidnapping a young woman and possession of narcotics.","Upon his return to Ybor City, Avellanal took up residence at El Pasaje Hotel, where he conducted experiments in cryogenics and attempted to publish articles on the resurrection of dead bodies. From his El Pasaje Hotel residence, Avellanal also entered the race for state senator, held services as an ordained Baptist minister, practiced medicine as a gynecologist and plastic surgeon (with diplomas obtained during his absence in Cuba), and established Southern University, a college offering degrees (but no courses) to the masses. A trial ensued in which Avellanal defended himself against charges of running a diploma mill, and in 1947, the Southern University Charter was revoked.","Avellanal was the creator and founder of numerous organizations, including the Legión de Honor de la República de Cuba (Legion of Honor of the Republic of Cuba), an organization that bestowed honors and awards to worthy individuals such as Fulgencio Batista of Cuba, Chinese Congresswoman Grace Yi Hsu, and Norberto Lopez Avelar, then governor of the Mexican state of Morelos. While in Mexico, Avellanal obtained the title of Lieutenant General and was often seen in full uniform at Ybor City events.","In the early 1970s, Avellanal joined the advisory committee for Ybor City's Hillsborough Community College campus and led efforts to save the El Pasaje Hotel building, for which he received a preservation award from U.S. Senator Richard Stone. José Luis Avellanal died in 1982, and remains one of the most colorful characters in Ybor City memory.","Note written by Jean McAllister, 2011"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJose Luis Avellanal collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Jose Luis Avellanal collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJose Ramon Avellanal Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrince Alexis N. Gagarin Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAvellanal-Jimenez, Jose L. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEl Pasaje: Building and Its Adjoining Grounds, a Federal National Historic Site, 1888-1977, Tampa, Florida\u003c/emph\u003e. Tampa, Fla.: s.n, 1977. Print.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Related Publications"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Jose Ramon Avellanal Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Prince Alexis N. Gagarin Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Avellanal-Jimenez, Jose L.  El Pasaje: Building and Its Adjoining Grounds, a Federal National Historic Site, 1888-1977, Tampa, Florida . Tampa, Fla.: s.n, 1977. Print."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection reflects the lives and activities of the Avellanals, a prominent pioneering Ybor City family, with the bulk of the collection documenting the life and career of Lt. General Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis Avellanal y Jimenez. Among the papers in the collection are pamphlets, diaries, ledgers, correspondence, invoices and receipts, contracts, real estate title abstracts, lawsuits (including testimonies), certificates, photographs, corporate minutes, audits, medical reports, patents, stock certificates, newspaper clippings, and a small number of artifacts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection reflects the lives and activities of the Avellanals, a prominent pioneering Ybor City family, with the bulk of the collection documenting the life and career of Lt. General José Luis Avellanal y Jimenez. 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Records include teacher hirings, separate listed accomadations for white and negro students/teachers, infrastructure repairs, rents and teacher applications."],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["d95a8e515578329e42a9743a","d95a8e515578329e42a9743a_aspace_64978"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["IMC Agrico Phosphate Company collection, 1890-1960, Date acquired: 09/18/1995","Pierce School Files"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["IMC Agrico Phosphate Company collection, 1890-1960, Date acquired: 09/18/1995","Pierce School Files"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["5","/repositories/2/archival_objects/97264"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["IMC Agrico Phosphate Company collection, 1890-1960, Date acquired: 09/18/1995"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":11,"level_ssm":["Box"],"level_ssim":["Box"],"sort_isi":26,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["None."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None.  The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/for more information."],"containers_ssim":["box 5"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Agrico Phosphate Company leased school buildings to the county and contributed funds for various projects. 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Records include teacher hirings, separate listed accomadations for white and negro students/teachers, infrastructure repairs, rents and teacher applications."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#0","_nest_parent_":"d95a8e515578329e42a9743a_aspace_64978","_root_":"d95a8e515578329e42a9743a","_version_":1870863116464553984,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:28:23.682Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"d95a8e515578329e42a9743a","title_ssm":["IMC Agrico Phosphate Company collection"],"title_tesim":["IMC Agrico Phosphate Company collection"],"ead_ssi":"d95a8e515578329e42a9743a","unitdate_ssm":["1890-1960","Date acquired: 09/18/1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1890-1960"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 09/18/1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-1995-01","/repositories/2/resources/434"],"text":["MS-1995-01","/repositories/2/resources/434","IMC Agrico Phosphate Company collection, 1890-1960, Date acquired: 09/18/1995","Pierce (Fla.) -- History -- 20th century.","Phosphate mines and mining—Florida.","Mines and mineral resources","None.","By series and type. Photographs are arranged alphabetically by subject.","Companies began mining phosphate in Florida for commercial use in the 1890s. By the turn of the century, numerous companies were in operation, with a heavy concentration in central Florida and especially what are the modern Polk, Hillsborough, and Peace River areas. IMC-Agrico was formed by the merger of International Minerals and Chemical Company and the American Agricultural Chemical Company. Due to poor transportation and the isolation of the phosphate mines from urban centers, the phosphate industry built and ran company towns for employees. Extensive records of Pierce, Brewster, Nichols, Tiger Bay and other \"company towns\" are also included in this collection. By 1913, Florida was responsible for more than 80% of the total United States production and roughly 20% of world production of hard rock and land pebble phosphate.","Blakey, Arch F.   The Florida Phosphate Industry:  A History of the Development and Use of a Vital Mineral .  Cambridge:  Harvard University Press, 1973.","Breeze, Marshall H.   Public Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding the Florida Phosphate Industry and Related Issues:  Project Report .  Bartow:  Florida Institute of Phosphate Research, 2002.","Mannard, Joseph G.  \"Black Company Town:  A Peculiar Institution in Pierce, Florida.\"   Tampa Bay History   1 (Spring/Summer 1979): 61-66.","Wang, Kung-Lee, Barry W. Klein, and Andrew F. Powell.   Economic Significance of the Florida Phosphate Industry .  Washington, D.C.:  U.S. Bureau of Mines, 1974.","The collection includes annual and semi-annual reports, memos, property holding records, inventories, histories, correspondence, memoranda, and publications (1903 to the 1920s).  Photographs (1904 to c. 1972) depict company structures and mining and dredging operations in Florida.  Also includes records of the segregated public schools for White and African American children in the \"company town\" of Pierce (1936-1943).","None.  The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","IMC-Agrico Company","American Agricultural Chemical Company","International Minerals and Chemical Corporation","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-1995-01","/repositories/2/resources/434"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1890-1960, Date acquired: 09/18/1995"],"normalized_title_ssm":["IMC Agrico Phosphate Company collection, 1890-1960, Date acquired: 09/18/1995"],"collection_title_tesim":["IMC Agrico Phosphate Company collection, 1890-1960, Date acquired: 09/18/1995"],"collection_ssim":["IMC Agrico Phosphate Company collection, 1890-1960, Date acquired: 09/18/1995"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Pierce (Fla.) -- History -- 20th century."],"geogname_ssim":["Pierce (Fla.) -- History -- 20th century."],"creator_ssm":["IMC-Agrico Company"],"creator_ssim":["IMC-Agrico Company"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["IMC-Agrico Company"],"creators_ssim":["IMC-Agrico Company"],"places_ssim":["Pierce (Fla.) -- History -- 20th century."],"access_terms_ssm":["None.  The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Vernon Peeples","Donation"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Phosphate mines and mining—Florida.","Mines and mineral resources"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Phosphate mines and mining—Florida.","Mines and mineral resources"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["5.38 Linear Feet","11 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["5.38 Linear Feet","11 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["None."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBy series and type. Photographs are arranged alphabetically by subject.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["By series and type. Photographs are arranged alphabetically by subject."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCompanies began mining phosphate in Florida for commercial use in the 1890s. By the turn of the century, numerous companies were in operation, with a heavy concentration in central Florida and especially what are the modern Polk, Hillsborough, and Peace River areas.\u0026#xA0;IMC-Agrico was formed by the merger of International Minerals and Chemical Company and the American Agricultural Chemical Company. Due to poor transportation and the isolation of the phosphate mines from urban centers, the phosphate industry built and ran company towns for employees. Extensive records of Pierce, Brewster, Nichols, Tiger Bay and other \"company towns\" are also included in this collection. By 1913, Florida was responsible for more than 80% of the total United States production and roughly 20% of world production of hard rock and land pebble phosphate.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Companies began mining phosphate in Florida for commercial use in the 1890s. By the turn of the century, numerous companies were in operation, with a heavy concentration in central Florida and especially what are the modern Polk, Hillsborough, and Peace River areas. IMC-Agrico was formed by the merger of International Minerals and Chemical Company and the American Agricultural Chemical Company. Due to poor transportation and the isolation of the phosphate mines from urban centers, the phosphate industry built and ran company towns for employees. Extensive records of Pierce, Brewster, Nichols, Tiger Bay and other \"company towns\" are also included in this collection. By 1913, Florida was responsible for more than 80% of the total United States production and roughly 20% of world production of hard rock and land pebble phosphate."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIMC Agrico-Phosphate Company collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["IMC Agrico-Phosphate Company collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBlakey, Arch F.\u0026#xA0; \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Florida Phosphate Industry:\u0026#xA0; A History of the Development and Use of a Vital Mineral\u003c/emph\u003e.\u0026#xA0; Cambridge:\u0026#xA0; Harvard University Press, 1973.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBreeze, Marshall H.\u0026#xA0; \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ePublic Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding the Florida Phosphate Industry and Related Issues:\u0026#xA0; Project Report\u003c/emph\u003e.\u0026#xA0; Bartow:\u0026#xA0; Florida Institute of Phosphate Research, 2002.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMannard, Joseph G.\u0026#xA0; \"Black Company Town:\u0026#xA0; A Peculiar Institution in Pierce, Florida.\"\u0026#xA0; \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTampa Bay History\u003c/emph\u003e\u0026#xA0; 1 (Spring/Summer 1979): 61-66.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWang, Kung-Lee, Barry W. Klein, and Andrew F. Powell.\u0026#xA0; \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEconomic Significance of the Florida Phosphate Industry\u003c/emph\u003e.\u0026#xA0; Washington, D.C.:\u0026#xA0; U.S. Bureau of Mines, 1974.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Publications"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Blakey, Arch F.   The Florida Phosphate Industry:  A History of the Development and Use of a Vital Mineral .  Cambridge:  Harvard University Press, 1973.","Breeze, Marshall H.   Public Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding the Florida Phosphate Industry and Related Issues:  Project Report .  Bartow:  Florida Institute of Phosphate Research, 2002.","Mannard, Joseph G.  \"Black Company Town:  A Peculiar Institution in Pierce, Florida.\"   Tampa Bay History   1 (Spring/Summer 1979): 61-66.","Wang, Kung-Lee, Barry W. Klein, and Andrew F. Powell.   Economic Significance of the Florida Phosphate Industry .  Washington, D.C.:  U.S. Bureau of Mines, 1974."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes annual and semi-annual reports, memos, property holding records, inventories, histories, correspondence, memoranda, and publications (1903 to the 1920s).\u0026#xA0; Photographs (1904 to c. 1972) depict company structures and mining and dredging operations in Florida.\u0026#xA0; Also includes records of the segregated public schools for White and African American children in the \"company town\" of Pierce (1936-1943).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes annual and semi-annual reports, memos, property holding records, inventories, histories, correspondence, memoranda, and publications (1903 to the 1920s).  Photographs (1904 to c. 1972) depict company structures and mining and dredging operations in Florida.  Also includes records of the segregated public schools for White and African American children in the \"company town\" of Pierce (1936-1943)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0; The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/%C2%A0\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003efor more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None.  The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["American Agricultural Chemical Company","International Minerals and Chemical Corporation"],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","IMC-Agrico Company","American Agricultural Chemical Company","International Minerals and Chemical Corporation"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","IMC-Agrico Company","American Agricultural Chemical Company","International Minerals and Chemical Corporation"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":121,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870863116464553984,"_root_":"d95a8e515578329e42a9743a","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:28:23.682Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/d95a8e515578329e42a9743a_aspace_64980"}},{"id":"72deb24cd94ab58efde27fe0_aspace_108170","type":"Box","attributes":{"title":"General - Grand","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/72deb24cd94ab58efde27fe0_aspace_108170#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_108170","ref_ssm":["aspace_108170","aspace_108170"],"id":"72deb24cd94ab58efde27fe0_aspace_108170","title_filing_ssi":"General - Grand","title_ssm":["General - Grand"],"title_tesim":["General - Grand"],"normalized_title_ssm":["General - Grand"],"text":["General - Grand","Gandy Commercial and Aerial Photography collection, 1950-2010, Date acquired: 12/01/2010","Commercial Photography","23","/repositories/2/archival_objects/75989","box 23"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["72deb24cd94ab58efde27fe0","72deb24cd94ab58efde27fe0_aspace_51853"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Gandy Commercial and Aerial Photography collection, 1950-2010, Date acquired: 12/01/2010","Commercial Photography"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Gandy Commercial and Aerial Photography collection, 1950-2010, Date acquired: 12/01/2010","Commercial Photography"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["23","/repositories/2/archival_objects/75989"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Gandy Commercial and Aerial Photography collection, 1950-2010, Date acquired: 12/01/2010"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":61,"level_ssm":["Box"],"level_ssim":["Box"],"sort_isi":1175,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"containers_ssim":["box 23"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#22","_nest_parent_":"72deb24cd94ab58efde27fe0_aspace_51853","_root_":"72deb24cd94ab58efde27fe0","_version_":1877023012303142912,"timestamp":"2026-09-22T09:17:18.046Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"72deb24cd94ab58efde27fe0","title_ssm":["Gandy Commercial and Aerial Photography collection"],"title_tesim":["Gandy Commercial and Aerial Photography collection"],"ead_ssi":"72deb24cd94ab58efde27fe0","unitdate_ssm":["1950-2010","Date acquired: 12/01/2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950-2010"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 12/01/2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-2010-02","/repositories/2/resources/390"],"text":["MS-2010-02","/repositories/2/resources/390","Gandy Commercial and Aerial Photography collection, 1950-2010, Date acquired: 12/01/2010","Boats and boating -- Florida","Photograph collections","No restrictions.","Arranged alphabetically in two series (aerial and commercial photography).","Skip Gandy was born in Tampa in 1942. Beginning in the early 1970s, Gandy followed in his father's footsteps as a commercial photographer. With an innovative gyroscope-mounted camera in the belly of his plane, Gandy was able to take perfectly level aerial photos depicting urban and natural scenes. The negatives represent the bulk of his work as a photographer before retiring in 2010.","Bay Study Group Collection.","http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/basgp/","The negatives are from the years 1970-2010, documenting Skip Gandy's activities.  A few of the prints are from his father, Sandy Gandy.","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","The Gandy papers consist mostly of negatives of commercial and aerial photography, but also includes prints and digital materials.  Only the negatives, which comprise the bulk of the materials, have been fully processed.","Photographs are intermittently unavailable due to digitization. More information is available here: https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/gandy/","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Eastern Air Lines","Gandy, George Shepherd (\"Skip\"), 1942-2020","Eckerd, Jack M. (1913-2004)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-2010-02","/repositories/2/resources/390"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1950-2010, Date acquired: 12/01/2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Gandy Commercial and Aerial Photography collection, 1950-2010, Date acquired: 12/01/2010"],"collection_title_tesim":["Gandy Commercial and Aerial Photography collection, 1950-2010, Date acquired: 12/01/2010"],"collection_ssim":["Gandy Commercial and Aerial Photography collection, 1950-2010, Date acquired: 12/01/2010"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Gandy, George Shepherd (\"Skip\"), 1942-2020"],"creator_ssim":["Gandy, George Shepherd (\"Skip\"), 1942-2020"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gandy, George Shepherd (\"Skip\"), 1942-2020"],"creators_ssim":["Gandy, George Shepherd (\"Skip\"), 1942-2020"],"access_terms_ssm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Skip Gandy","Donation"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Boats and boating -- Florida","Photograph collections"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Boats and boating -- Florida","Photograph collections"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["43.33 Linear Feet","80 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["43.33 Linear Feet","80 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically in two series (aerial and commercial photography).\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged alphabetically in two series (aerial and commercial photography)."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSkip Gandy was born in Tampa in 1942. Beginning in the early 1970s, Gandy followed in his father's footsteps as a commercial photographer.\u0026#xA0;With an innovative gyroscope-mounted camera in the belly of his plane, Gandy was able to take perfectly level aerial photos depicting urban and natural scenes. The negatives represent the bulk of his work as a photographer before retiring in 2010.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Skip Gandy was born in Tampa in 1942. Beginning in the early 1970s, Gandy followed in his father's footsteps as a commercial photographer. With an innovative gyroscope-mounted camera in the belly of his plane, Gandy was able to take perfectly level aerial photos depicting urban and natural scenes. The negatives represent the bulk of his work as a photographer before retiring in 2010."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSkip Gandy Photograph Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Skip Gandy Photograph Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBay Study Group Collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehttp://scholarcommons.usf.edu/basgp/\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Bay Study Group Collection.","http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/basgp/"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe negatives are from the years 1970-2010, documenting Skip Gandy's activities.\u0026#xA0; A few of the prints are from his father, Sandy Gandy.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The negatives are from the years 1970-2010, documenting Skip Gandy's activities.  A few of the prints are from his father, Sandy Gandy."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0;The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f0829ee87f156f9d8e1500edac814ac3\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Gandy papers consist mostly of negatives of commercial and aerial photography, but also includes prints and digital materials.\u0026#xA0; Only the negatives, which comprise the bulk of the materials, have been fully processed.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Gandy papers consist mostly of negatives of commercial and aerial photography, but also includes prints and digital materials.  Only the negatives, which comprise the bulk of the materials, have been fully processed."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_06412a435727cb367b88f193b6659b9d\"\u003ePhotographs are intermittently unavailable due to digitization. More information is available here: https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/gandy/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Photographs are intermittently unavailable due to digitization. More information is available here: https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/gandy/"],"names_coll_ssim":["Eastern Air Lines","Eckerd, Jack M. (1913-2004)"],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Eastern Air Lines","Gandy, George Shepherd (\"Skip\"), 1942-2020","Eckerd, Jack M. (1913-2004)"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Eastern Air Lines"],"persname_ssim":["Gandy, George Shepherd (\"Skip\"), 1942-2020","Eckerd, Jack M. 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