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Garrity papers are comprised of documents, reports, presentations, photographs, newspaper clippings, certificates, awards, planners, CD-ROMs, VHS, correspondence, publications, and programs."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks related to the archival collection are cataloged individually and shelved in the Environmnet and Natural History Collection. Titles and links to the catalog record are available on this finding aid via the Cataloged Publications series.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Books related to the archival collection are cataloged individually and shelved in the Environmnet and Natural History Collection. Titles and links to the catalog record are available on this finding aid via the Cataloged Publications series."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0;The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_5699e12311f37e5e994d59b45f3d5d45\"\u003eThis collection consists of the professional records of Dr. Richard D. Garrity, including those from his tenure with the Environmental Protection Commission of Hillsborough County (EPC), Florida Department of Environmental Protection (DEP), and City of Tampa.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of the professional records of Dr. Richard D. Garrity, including those from his tenure with the Environmental Protection Commission of Hillsborough County (EPC), Florida Department of Environmental Protection (DEP), and City of Tampa."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Garrity, Rick"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Garrity, Rick"],"persname_ssim":["Garrity, Rick"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":124,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1876388804946821120,"_root_":"1c49ec639145a3c53d910952","timestamp":"2026-09-15T09:16:50.867Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/1c49ec639145a3c53d910952_aspace_3c731b70fac29e3a949a7c2d1cea0852"}},{"id":"a6e27b8addbfadcc6e2efc6a_aspace_6183a272b7f6fc2faff41c89d8b25c10","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Letters from André L. van Assenderp to Ken, 1950-2012","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/a6e27b8addbfadcc6e2efc6a_aspace_6183a272b7f6fc2faff41c89d8b25c10#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_6183a272b7f6fc2faff41c89d8b25c10","ref_ssm":["aspace_6183a272b7f6fc2faff41c89d8b25c10","aspace_6183a272b7f6fc2faff41c89d8b25c10"],"id":"a6e27b8addbfadcc6e2efc6a_aspace_6183a272b7f6fc2faff41c89d8b25c10","title_filing_ssi":"Letters from André L. van Assenderp to Ken","title_ssm":["Letters from André L. van Assenderp to Ken"],"title_tesim":["Letters from André L. van Assenderp to Ken"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950-2012"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1950-2012"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Letters from André L. van Assenderp to Ken, 1950-2012"],"text":["Letters from André L. van Assenderp to Ken, 1950-2012","André Lauwrensius van Assenderp and Carol Lee Johnson van Assenderp collection, 1927-1945, Date acquired: 06/04/2014, bulk 1940-1943","007","/repositories/10/archival_objects/180467","box 14.0022 - Box 3","folder 007","13 Aug 1945 letter to Ken in Bogalusa, LA from André L. van Assenderp for Ken's 4th birthday, envelope also contains Hawaii silver cert for $1 and 14 Feb 1948 postcard to Ken in New Orleans from André L. van Assenderp in Cuba."],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["a6e27b8addbfadcc6e2efc6a"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["André Lauwrensius van Assenderp and Carol Lee Johnson van Assenderp collection, 1927-1945, Date acquired: 06/04/2014, bulk 1940-1943"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["André Lauwrensius van Assenderp and Carol Lee Johnson van Assenderp collection, 1927-1945, Date acquired: 06/04/2014, bulk 1940-1943"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["007","/repositories/10/archival_objects/180467"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["André Lauwrensius van Assenderp and Carol Lee Johnson van Assenderp collection, 1927-1945, Date acquired: 06/04/2014, bulk 1940-1943"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":78,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["13 Aug 1945 letter to Ken in Bogalusa, LA from André L. van Assenderp for Ken's 4th birthday, envelope also contains Hawaii silver cert for $1 and 14 Feb 1948 postcard to Ken in New Orleans from André L. van Assenderp in Cuba."],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"containers_ssim":["box 14.0022 - Box 3","folder 007"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e13 Aug 1945 letter to Ken in Bogalusa, LA from Andr\u0026#xE9; L. van Assenderp for Ken's 4th birthday, envelope also contains Hawaii silver cert for $1 and 14 Feb 1948 postcard to Ken in New Orleans from Andr\u0026#xE9; L. van Assenderp in Cuba.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["13 Aug 1945 letter to Ken in Bogalusa, LA from André L. van Assenderp for Ken's 4th birthday, envelope also contains Hawaii silver cert for $1 and 14 Feb 1948 postcard to Ken in New Orleans from André L. van Assenderp in Cuba."],"_nest_path_":"/components#77","_nest_parent_":"a6e27b8addbfadcc6e2efc6a","_root_":"a6e27b8addbfadcc6e2efc6a","_version_":1870856938768564224,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T07:50:12.171Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"a6e27b8addbfadcc6e2efc6a","title_filing_ssi":"van Assenderp, André Lauwrensius and Carol Lee Johnson collection","title_ssm":["André Lauwrensius van Assenderp and Carol Lee Johnson van Assenderp collection"],"title_tesim":["André Lauwrensius van Assenderp and Carol Lee Johnson van Assenderp collection"],"ead_ssi":"a6e27b8addbfadcc6e2efc6a","unitdate_ssm":["1927-1945","1940-1943","Date acquired: 06/04/2014"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1940-1943"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1927-1945"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 06/04/2014"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["14.0022","/repositories/10/resources/1144"],"text":["14.0022","/repositories/10/resources/1144","André Lauwrensius van Assenderp and Carol Lee Johnson van Assenderp collection, 1927-1945, Date acquired: 06/04/2014, bulk 1940-1943","Dutch East Indies","Paramaribo (Suriname)","World War, 1939-1945","Suriname--History--1814-1950.","World War, 1939-1945--Netherlands","Netherlands--History.","Infantry drill and tactics","Infantry drill and tactics--Netherlands.","Netherlands--History, Military--20th century.","World War, 1939-1945--Indonesia","Florida State University--Faculty","This collection is open to all researchers.","André Lauwrensius van Assenderp was born in Semarang, Java, Netherlands East Indies (Indonesia) on September 7, 1907. The oldest of six children, André grew up and attended schools in Java until 1925, when he moved to The Hague, Netherlands to attend his last year of lyceum. He earned a degree in Indology at Leiden University and entered the graduate program to continue his studies. In the summer of 1930, André attended a concert of the Simmons College Cowboy Band from Abilene, Texas. While socializing with the band afterwards, he paged through a copy of The Bronco, the Simmons College yearbook, and saw a small photo of sophomore Carol Lee Johnson. André wrote to Carol and they began corresponding. After finishing his doctorandus degree (master's degree) in late 1931, he traveled to Texas and asked Carol to marry him. They were married in The Hague in April 1932 and moved to the Netherlands East Indies, where André had been appointed an Aspirant-Controleur, a colonial administrator, in Central Java. André was assigned to Pekalongen and then Salatiga, where he was promoted to Controleur in 1935. In May 1935, Carol gave birth to their first child, André Lawrence, whom they called Larry. André was transferred in February 1936, to Koedoes/Kudus. Ten months later, Larry contracted encephalitis at the age of nineteen months. He died on December 20, 1936 and was buried in the European Cemetery at Kobong in Semarang. In the spring of 1937, Carol left for an extended visit to her family in the US, while André continued his work in Koedoes. He was promoted to Controleur 1st Klasse in May 1938. When his appointment in Central Java ended in the summer, he traveled to the Netherlands to see his parents and reunite with Carol. While on leave in the Netherlands, André was appointed to a position in the Dutch colonial government of Suriname. On their way to South America, he and Carol visited her family in the US for several months. They arrived in Suriname in April 1939 and, in the summer, he was appointed the District Commissioner in the District of Saramacca. In October 1939, he was reassigned as the District Commissioner in the District of Nickerie.\nIn May 1940, the Germans invaded the Netherlands and, until the end of the war, André was cut off from all contact with his parents, Henri and Joanna, and his two youngest siblings, Albertine and Hans. A Dutch government-in-exile was organized in London and continued to govern the colonies of Suriname, Aruba, and Curacao, which were crucial to the Allied war effort. Suriname supplied the US with bauxite, which was used in the production of aluminum, while oil refineries on Cuarcao and Aruba were major suppliers of petroleum. In September 1941, Carol gave birth to their son, Ken, in Paramaribo, Suriname's capital and largest city. André was appointed Paramaribo's District Commissioner and Police Commissioner in November 1941, shortly before US troops began to arrive to guard the colony's bauxite mines. André left Suriname for the United States in late 1943 and, in early 1944, he was ordered to Australia by the East Indies Commission on Australia and New Zealand. At that time, the East Indies Commission functioned as the Netherlands East Indies government-in-exile under the authority of the Dutch government in London. In early 1942, the Japanese had invaded the Netherlands East Indies and gained control over most of the colony. André's two brothers, Matthieu and Arnold, his sister, Henriette, and their families were incarcerated by the Japanese until the end of the war. Matthieu and Arnold were in the military and were sent to work on the Thai-Burma Railway. In mid-1944, Matthieu was moved to the Fukuoka prison camp complex in Japan. Henriette and her husband and children, and Matthieu's wife and child were imprisoned in civilian internment camps. To re-establish Dutch civil authority in the liberated areas of the NEI, the East Indies Commission created the Netherlands Indies Civil Administration (NICA) in early 1944. NICA posted André as the Assistant-Resident in Merauke, Dutch New Guinea, which had an airstrip and was under Allied control. In this position, he also served as an infantry Reserve-Major in the Royal Netherlands Indies Army (KNIL) and acted as the NEI liaison officer to the Australian infantry and air squadron units in the Merauke Force. During Operation Oboe 2 in July 1945, André commanded a NICA unit that accompanied the Australian 7th Division in the Allied invasion of Balikpapan, Borneo. In Banjermasin, Borneo on September 17, 1945, André and his unit witnessed the surrender of Major General Uno and 2500 Japanese soldiers to the occupying Australian forces. André served as the NICA commander of Southeast Borneo until he left for Australia at the end of November 1945. When André went to Australia, Carol stayed behind with her parents in Louisiana and gave birth to their daughter, Doreen, in September 1944. She and the children were reunited with André in Australia in late 1945. In early 1946, André was assigned as Assistant-Resident in Makassar, Celebes, NEI. His duties included serving as the liaison to the 80th British Indian Infantry Brigade and monitoring intelligence reports on Indonesian nationalists for the Netherlands East Indies Forces Intelligence Service (NEFIS). During a visit to the US in 1947, André accepted a position teaching economics at Tulane University in New Orleans. He was hired as an associate professor of economics at the Florida State University in Tallahassee in 1949 and, in 1950, he became a naturalized American citizen. In 1951, Dr. Marian Irish, the head of FSU's Political Science Department, hired André as an associate professor. He taught classes in international relations and East Asian and Latin American politics. In 1956, he was appointed the faculty advisor for FSU's new area of study in international affairs. As a political science professor, André emphasized the idea that a nation's politics must be studied and understood within the contexts of its history, culture, and religious influences. This approach, he maintained, would aid the US in crafting a strong foreign policy that would build durable international relationships. Many of André's public lectures on international relations were reported on in varying degrees of detail in The Tallahassee Democrat and The Florida Flambeau, FSU's student newspaper. André was at work on a book about Indonesia at the time of his death in early 1958 at the age of 50. After she married André, Carol Johnson van Assenderp accompanied him on his assignments in the Netherlands East Indies and Suriname. In her role as a colonial official's wife, she hosted dinner parties, socialized with André's colleagues and their spouses, and volunteered in various organizations and activities. Carol had grown up in rural Louisiana, where she learned to drive cars and trucks as a teenager. During WWII in Suriname, she taught women military recruits how to drive double clutch trucks. After she and André moved to Tallahassee, she taught English at Elizabeth Cobb Junior High School. She received her master's degree in social studies education at FSU in early 1958 and later taught social studies and geography at Leon High School. Carol died in Tallahassee in May 1993 at the age of 82.\nBiographical or Historical Information written by Tulie Wheeler Taylor, November 21, 2020, in Tallahassee, Florida","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","Revised 02/09/2016","This collection mostly consists of Dutch language civil and military administrative documents from the career of André Lauwrensius van Assenderp, who was a Dutch colonial administrator in the Netherlands East Indies (Indonesia) and Suriname from 1932-1946. Some documents date from WWII and its immediate aftermath 1) when André served in Suriname from November 1941 to November 1943 as the District Commissioner and Commissioner of Police in Paramaribo, the colony's capital, and 2) when he served in the Netherlands East Indies from April 1944 to November 1946 as an assistant-resident and military administrator in the Netherlands Indies Civil Administration (NICA) and the Netherlands Indies Army (KNIL). Photographs include: Netherlands Indies Government Information Service (NIGIS) photos of Merauke, Dutch New Guinea (1944-1945) and the Allied invasion of Balikpapan, Dutch Borneo (July 1945), as well as personal photos of André, his American wife Carol Johnson van Assenderp, and their children. Artifacts include André's Royal Netherlands Indies Army (KNIL) officer's dress uniform with hat and ceremonial sword, a WWII Japanese sword, a sword machete, a British pith helmet, individual portrait paintings of André and Carol, and Carol's hollow chain Javanese bracelets. The collection also has André's KNIL military training booklets, Carol's written recollections of their first years in the NEI, and personal letters from family members in Holland (1940 and 1947) and the US. There are also papers from André's teaching career at the Florida State University (1949-1958). ","Scope and contents written by Tulie Wheeler Taylor, November 21, 2020, Tallahassee, Florida","https://diginole.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiivanassenderpcoll","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Netherlands. Army. Colonial forces","van Assenderp, André Lauwrensius, 1907-1958","van Assenderp, Carol Lee Johnson","Cooper, Gary, 1901-1961","Cohen (van Assenderp), Doreen","Dutch, English, and French"],"unitid_tesim":["14.0022","/repositories/10/resources/1144"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1927-1945, Date acquired: 06/04/2014, bulk 1940-1943"],"normalized_title_ssm":["André Lauwrensius van Assenderp and Carol Lee Johnson van Assenderp collection, 1927-1945, Date acquired: 06/04/2014, bulk 1940-1943"],"collection_title_tesim":["André Lauwrensius van Assenderp and Carol Lee Johnson van Assenderp collection, 1927-1945, Date acquired: 06/04/2014, bulk 1940-1943"],"collection_ssim":["André Lauwrensius van Assenderp and Carol Lee Johnson van Assenderp collection, 1927-1945, Date acquired: 06/04/2014, bulk 1940-1943"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Dutch East Indies","Paramaribo (Suriname)"],"geogname_ssim":["Dutch East Indies","Paramaribo (Suriname)"],"creator_ssm":["van Assenderp, André Lauwrensius, 1907-1958","van Assenderp, Carol Lee Johnson"],"creator_ssim":["van Assenderp, André Lauwrensius, 1907-1958","van Assenderp, Carol Lee Johnson"],"creator_persname_ssim":["van Assenderp, André Lauwrensius, 1907-1958","van Assenderp, Carol Lee Johnson"],"creators_ssim":["van Assenderp, André Lauwrensius, 1907-1958","van Assenderp, Carol Lee Johnson"],"places_ssim":["Dutch East Indies","Paramaribo (Suriname)"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Ken van Assenderp and Doreen Cohen (van Assenderp)","Donation"],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945","Suriname--History--1814-1950.","World War, 1939-1945--Netherlands","Netherlands--History.","Infantry drill and tactics","Infantry drill and tactics--Netherlands.","Netherlands--History, Military--20th century.","World War, 1939-1945--Indonesia","Florida State University--Faculty"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945","Suriname--History--1814-1950.","World War, 1939-1945--Netherlands","Netherlands--History.","Infantry drill and tactics","Infantry drill and tactics--Netherlands.","Netherlands--History, Military--20th century.","World War, 1939-1945--Indonesia","Florida State University--Faculty"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["5 boxes 3 half boxes, 1 full-sized artifacts box, 1 oversized box, 2 oversized photo boxes"],"extent_tesim":["5 boxes 3 half boxes, 1 full-sized artifacts box, 1 oversized box, 2 oversized photo boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,2014],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["André Lauwrensius van Assenderp was born in Semarang, Java, Netherlands East Indies (Indonesia) on September 7, 1907. The oldest of six children, André grew up and attended schools in Java until 1925, when he moved to The Hague, Netherlands to attend his last year of lyceum. He earned a degree in Indology at Leiden University and entered the graduate program to continue his studies. In the summer of 1930, André attended a concert of the Simmons College Cowboy Band from Abilene, Texas. While socializing with the band afterwards, he paged through a copy of The Bronco, the Simmons College yearbook, and saw a small photo of sophomore Carol Lee Johnson. André wrote to Carol and they began corresponding. After finishing his doctorandus degree (master's degree) in late 1931, he traveled to Texas and asked Carol to marry him. They were married in The Hague in April 1932 and moved to the Netherlands East Indies, where André had been appointed an Aspirant-Controleur, a colonial administrator, in Central Java. André was assigned to Pekalongen and then Salatiga, where he was promoted to Controleur in 1935. In May 1935, Carol gave birth to their first child, André Lawrence, whom they called Larry. André was transferred in February 1936, to Koedoes/Kudus. Ten months later, Larry contracted encephalitis at the age of nineteen months. He died on December 20, 1936 and was buried in the European Cemetery at Kobong in Semarang. In the spring of 1937, Carol left for an extended visit to her family in the US, while André continued his work in Koedoes. He was promoted to Controleur 1st Klasse in May 1938. When his appointment in Central Java ended in the summer, he traveled to the Netherlands to see his parents and reunite with Carol. While on leave in the Netherlands, André was appointed to a position in the Dutch colonial government of Suriname. On their way to South America, he and Carol visited her family in the US for several months. They arrived in Suriname in April 1939 and, in the summer, he was appointed the District Commissioner in the District of Saramacca. In October 1939, he was reassigned as the District Commissioner in the District of Nickerie.\nIn May 1940, the Germans invaded the Netherlands and, until the end of the war, André was cut off from all contact with his parents, Henri and Joanna, and his two youngest siblings, Albertine and Hans. A Dutch government-in-exile was organized in London and continued to govern the colonies of Suriname, Aruba, and Curacao, which were crucial to the Allied war effort. Suriname supplied the US with bauxite, which was used in the production of aluminum, while oil refineries on Cuarcao and Aruba were major suppliers of petroleum. In September 1941, Carol gave birth to their son, Ken, in Paramaribo, Suriname's capital and largest city. André was appointed Paramaribo's District Commissioner and Police Commissioner in November 1941, shortly before US troops began to arrive to guard the colony's bauxite mines. André left Suriname for the United States in late 1943 and, in early 1944, he was ordered to Australia by the East Indies Commission on Australia and New Zealand. At that time, the East Indies Commission functioned as the Netherlands East Indies government-in-exile under the authority of the Dutch government in London. In early 1942, the Japanese had invaded the Netherlands East Indies and gained control over most of the colony. André's two brothers, Matthieu and Arnold, his sister, Henriette, and their families were incarcerated by the Japanese until the end of the war. Matthieu and Arnold were in the military and were sent to work on the Thai-Burma Railway. In mid-1944, Matthieu was moved to the Fukuoka prison camp complex in Japan. Henriette and her husband and children, and Matthieu's wife and child were imprisoned in civilian internment camps. To re-establish Dutch civil authority in the liberated areas of the NEI, the East Indies Commission created the Netherlands Indies Civil Administration (NICA) in early 1944. NICA posted André as the Assistant-Resident in Merauke, Dutch New Guinea, which had an airstrip and was under Allied control. In this position, he also served as an infantry Reserve-Major in the Royal Netherlands Indies Army (KNIL) and acted as the NEI liaison officer to the Australian infantry and air squadron units in the Merauke Force. During Operation Oboe 2 in July 1945, André commanded a NICA unit that accompanied the Australian 7th Division in the Allied invasion of Balikpapan, Borneo. In Banjermasin, Borneo on September 17, 1945, André and his unit witnessed the surrender of Major General Uno and 2500 Japanese soldiers to the occupying Australian forces. André served as the NICA commander of Southeast Borneo until he left for Australia at the end of November 1945. When André went to Australia, Carol stayed behind with her parents in Louisiana and gave birth to their daughter, Doreen, in September 1944. She and the children were reunited with André in Australia in late 1945. In early 1946, André was assigned as Assistant-Resident in Makassar, Celebes, NEI. His duties included serving as the liaison to the 80th British Indian Infantry Brigade and monitoring intelligence reports on Indonesian nationalists for the Netherlands East Indies Forces Intelligence Service (NEFIS). During a visit to the US in 1947, André accepted a position teaching economics at Tulane University in New Orleans. He was hired as an associate professor of economics at the Florida State University in Tallahassee in 1949 and, in 1950, he became a naturalized American citizen. In 1951, Dr. Marian Irish, the head of FSU's Political Science Department, hired André as an associate professor. He taught classes in international relations and East Asian and Latin American politics. In 1956, he was appointed the faculty advisor for FSU's new area of study in international affairs. As a political science professor, André emphasized the idea that a nation's politics must be studied and understood within the contexts of its history, culture, and religious influences. This approach, he maintained, would aid the US in crafting a strong foreign policy that would build durable international relationships. Many of André's public lectures on international relations were reported on in varying degrees of detail in The Tallahassee Democrat and The Florida Flambeau, FSU's student newspaper. André was at work on a book about Indonesia at the time of his death in early 1958 at the age of 50. After she married André, Carol Johnson van Assenderp accompanied him on his assignments in the Netherlands East Indies and Suriname. In her role as a colonial official's wife, she hosted dinner parties, socialized with André's colleagues and their spouses, and volunteered in various organizations and activities. Carol had grown up in rural Louisiana, where she learned to drive cars and trucks as a teenager. During WWII in Suriname, she taught women military recruits how to drive double clutch trucks. After she and André moved to Tallahassee, she taught English at Elizabeth Cobb Junior High School. She received her master's degree in social studies education at FSU in early 1958 and later taught social studies and geography at Leon High School. Carol died in Tallahassee in May 1993 at the age of 82.\nBiographical or Historical Information written by Tulie Wheeler Taylor, November 21, 2020, in Tallahassee, Florida"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Andre Lauwrensius van Assenderp and Carol Lee Johnson van Assenderp collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-14-2022\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Andre Lauwrensius van Assenderp and Carol Lee Johnson van Assenderp collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-14-2022"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRevised 02/09/2016\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Revised 02/09/2016"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection mostly consists of Dutch language civil and military administrative documents from the career of Andr\u0026#xE9; Lauwrensius van Assenderp, who was a Dutch colonial administrator in the Netherlands East Indies (Indonesia) and Suriname from 1932-1946. Some documents date from WWII and its immediate aftermath 1) when Andr\u0026#xE9; served in Suriname from November 1941 to November 1943 as the District Commissioner and Commissioner of Police in Paramaribo, the colony's capital, and 2) when he served in the Netherlands East Indies from April 1944 to November 1946 as an assistant-resident and military administrator in the Netherlands Indies Civil Administration (NICA) and the Netherlands Indies Army (KNIL). Photographs include: Netherlands Indies Government Information Service (NIGIS) photos of Merauke, Dutch New Guinea (1944-1945) and the Allied invasion of Balikpapan, Dutch Borneo (July 1945), as well as personal photos of Andr\u0026#xE9;, his American wife Carol Johnson van Assenderp, and their children. Artifacts include Andr\u0026#xE9;'s Royal Netherlands Indies Army (KNIL) officer's dress uniform with hat and ceremonial sword, a WWII Japanese sword, a sword machete, a British pith helmet, individual portrait paintings of Andr\u0026#xE9; and Carol, and Carol's hollow chain Javanese bracelets. The collection also has Andr\u0026#xE9;'s KNIL military training booklets, Carol's written recollections of their first years in the NEI, and personal letters from family members in Holland (1940 and 1947) and the US. There are also papers from Andr\u0026#xE9;'s teaching career at the Florida State University (1949-1958). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eScope and contents written by Tulie Wheeler Taylor, November 21, 2020, Tallahassee, Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"https://diginole.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiivanassenderpcoll\"\u003ehttps://diginole.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiivanassenderpcoll\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Online Copies Available"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection mostly consists of Dutch language civil and military administrative documents from the career of André Lauwrensius van Assenderp, who was a Dutch colonial administrator in the Netherlands East Indies (Indonesia) and Suriname from 1932-1946. Some documents date from WWII and its immediate aftermath 1) when André served in Suriname from November 1941 to November 1943 as the District Commissioner and Commissioner of Police in Paramaribo, the colony's capital, and 2) when he served in the Netherlands East Indies from April 1944 to November 1946 as an assistant-resident and military administrator in the Netherlands Indies Civil Administration (NICA) and the Netherlands Indies Army (KNIL). Photographs include: Netherlands Indies Government Information Service (NIGIS) photos of Merauke, Dutch New Guinea (1944-1945) and the Allied invasion of Balikpapan, Dutch Borneo (July 1945), as well as personal photos of André, his American wife Carol Johnson van Assenderp, and their children. Artifacts include André's Royal Netherlands Indies Army (KNIL) officer's dress uniform with hat and ceremonial sword, a WWII Japanese sword, a sword machete, a British pith helmet, individual portrait paintings of André and Carol, and Carol's hollow chain Javanese bracelets. The collection also has André's KNIL military training booklets, Carol's written recollections of their first years in the NEI, and personal letters from family members in Holland (1940 and 1947) and the US. There are also papers from André's teaching career at the Florida State University (1949-1958). ","Scope and contents written by Tulie Wheeler Taylor, November 21, 2020, Tallahassee, Florida","https://diginole.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiivanassenderpcoll"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_coll_ssim":["Netherlands. Army. Colonial forces","van Assenderp, André Lauwrensius, 1907-1958","Cooper, Gary, 1901-1961","Cohen (van Assenderp), Doreen"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Netherlands. Army. Colonial forces","van Assenderp, André Lauwrensius, 1907-1958","van Assenderp, Carol Lee Johnson","Cooper, Gary, 1901-1961","Cohen (van Assenderp), Doreen"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Netherlands. Army. Colonial forces"],"persname_ssim":["van Assenderp, André Lauwrensius, 1907-1958","van Assenderp, Carol Lee Johnson","Cooper, Gary, 1901-1961","Cohen (van Assenderp), Doreen"],"language_ssim":["Dutch, English, and French"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":114,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870856938768564224,"_root_":"a6e27b8addbfadcc6e2efc6a","timestamp":"2026-07-16T07:50:12.171Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAndr\u0026#xE9; Lauwrensius van Assenderp was born in Semarang, Java, Netherlands East Indies (Indonesia) on September 7, 1907. The oldest of six children, Andr\u0026#xE9; grew up and attended schools in Java until 1925, when he moved to The Hague, Netherlands to attend his last year of lyceum. He earned a degree in Indology at Leiden University and entered the graduate program to continue his studies. In the summer of 1930, Andr\u0026#xE9; attended a concert of the Simmons College Cowboy Band from Abilene, Texas. While socializing with the band afterwards, he paged through a copy of The Bronco, the Simmons College yearbook, and saw a small photo of sophomore Carol Lee Johnson. Andr\u0026#xE9; wrote to Carol and they began corresponding. After finishing his doctorandus degree (master's degree) in late 1931, he traveled to Texas and asked Carol to marry him. They were married in The Hague in April 1932 and moved to the Netherlands East Indies, where Andr\u0026#xE9; had been appointed an Aspirant-Controleur, a colonial administrator, in Central Java. Andr\u0026#xE9; was assigned to Pekalongen and then Salatiga, where he was promoted to Controleur in 1935. In May 1935, Carol gave birth to their first child, Andr\u0026#xE9; Lawrence, whom they called Larry. Andr\u0026#xE9; was transferred in February 1936, to Koedoes/Kudus. Ten months later, Larry contracted encephalitis at the age of nineteen months. He died on December 20, 1936 and was buried in the European Cemetery at Kobong in Semarang. In the spring of 1937, Carol left for an extended visit to her family in the US, while Andr\u0026#xE9; continued his work in Koedoes. He was promoted to Controleur 1st Klasse in May 1938. When his appointment in Central Java ended in the summer, he traveled to the Netherlands to see his parents and reunite with Carol. While on leave in the Netherlands, Andr\u0026#xE9; was appointed to a position in the Dutch colonial government of Suriname. On their way to South America, he and Carol visited her family in the US for several months. They arrived in Suriname in April 1939 and, in the summer, he was appointed the District Commissioner in the District of Saramacca. In October 1939, he was reassigned as the District Commissioner in the District of Nickerie.\nIn May 1940, the Germans invaded the Netherlands and, until the end of the war, Andr\u0026#xE9; was cut off from all contact with his parents, Henri and Joanna, and his two youngest siblings, Albertine and Hans. A Dutch government-in-exile was organized in London and continued to govern the colonies of Suriname, Aruba, and Curacao, which were crucial to the Allied war effort. Suriname supplied the US with bauxite, which was used in the production of aluminum, while oil refineries on Cuarcao and Aruba were major suppliers of petroleum. In September 1941, Carol gave birth to their son, Ken, in Paramaribo, Suriname's capital and largest city. Andr\u0026#xE9; was appointed Paramaribo's District Commissioner and Police Commissioner in November 1941, shortly before US troops began to arrive to guard the colony's bauxite mines. Andr\u0026#xE9; left Suriname for the United States in late 1943 and, in early 1944, he was ordered to Australia by the East Indies Commission on Australia and New Zealand. At that time, the East Indies Commission functioned as the Netherlands East Indies government-in-exile under the authority of the Dutch government in London. In early 1942, the Japanese had invaded the Netherlands East Indies and gained control over most of the colony. Andr\u0026#xE9;'s two brothers, Matthieu and Arnold, his sister, Henriette, and their families were incarcerated by the Japanese until the end of the war. Matthieu and Arnold were in the military and were sent to work on the Thai-Burma Railway. In mid-1944, Matthieu was moved to the Fukuoka prison camp complex in Japan. Henriette and her husband and children, and Matthieu's wife and child were imprisoned in civilian internment camps. To re-establish Dutch civil authority in the liberated areas of the NEI, the East Indies Commission created the Netherlands Indies Civil Administration (NICA) in early 1944. NICA posted Andr\u0026#xE9; as the Assistant-Resident in Merauke, Dutch New Guinea, which had an airstrip and was under Allied control. In this position, he also served as an infantry Reserve-Major in the Royal Netherlands Indies Army (KNIL) and acted as the NEI liaison officer to the Australian infantry and air squadron units in the Merauke Force. During Operation Oboe 2 in July 1945, Andr\u0026#xE9; commanded a NICA unit that accompanied the Australian 7th Division in the Allied invasion of Balikpapan, Borneo. In Banjermasin, Borneo on September 17, 1945, Andr\u0026#xE9; and his unit witnessed the surrender of Major General Uno and 2500 Japanese soldiers to the occupying Australian forces. Andr\u0026#xE9; served as the NICA commander of Southeast Borneo until he left for Australia at the end of November 1945. When Andr\u0026#xE9; went to Australia, Carol stayed behind with her parents in Louisiana and gave birth to their daughter, Doreen, in September 1944. She and the children were reunited with Andr\u0026#xE9; in Australia in late 1945. In early 1946, Andr\u0026#xE9; was assigned as Assistant-Resident in Makassar, Celebes, NEI. His duties included serving as the liaison to the 80th British Indian Infantry Brigade and monitoring intelligence reports on Indonesian nationalists for the Netherlands East Indies Forces Intelligence Service (NEFIS). During a visit to the US in 1947, Andr\u0026#xE9; accepted a position teaching economics at Tulane University in New Orleans. He was hired as an associate professor of economics at the Florida State University in Tallahassee in 1949 and, in 1950, he became a naturalized American citizen. In 1951, Dr. Marian Irish, the head of FSU's Political Science Department, hired Andr\u0026#xE9; as an associate professor. He taught classes in international relations and East Asian and Latin American politics. In 1956, he was appointed the faculty advisor for FSU's new area of study in international affairs. As a political science professor, Andr\u0026#xE9; emphasized the idea that a nation's politics must be studied and understood within the contexts of its history, culture, and religious influences. This approach, he maintained, would aid the US in crafting a strong foreign policy that would build durable international relationships. Many of Andr\u0026#xE9;'s public lectures on international relations were reported on in varying degrees of detail in The Tallahassee Democrat and The Florida Flambeau, FSU's student newspaper. Andr\u0026#xE9; was at work on a book about Indonesia at the time of his death in early 1958 at the age of 50. After she married Andr\u0026#xE9;, Carol Johnson van Assenderp accompanied him on his assignments in the Netherlands East Indies and Suriname. In her role as a colonial official's wife, she hosted dinner parties, socialized with Andr\u0026#xE9;'s colleagues and their spouses, and volunteered in various organizations and activities. Carol had grown up in rural Louisiana, where she learned to drive cars and trucks as a teenager. During WWII in Suriname, she taught women military recruits how to drive double clutch trucks. After she and Andr\u0026#xE9; moved to Tallahassee, she taught English at Elizabeth Cobb Junior High School. She received her master's degree in social studies education at FSU in early 1958 and later taught social studies and geography at Leon High School. Carol died in Tallahassee in May 1993 at the age of 82.\nBiographical or Historical Information written by Tulie Wheeler Taylor, November 21, 2020, in Tallahassee, Florida\u003c/p\u003e"]}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/a6e27b8addbfadcc6e2efc6a_aspace_6183a272b7f6fc2faff41c89d8b25c10"}},{"id":"bd9240aa7af138315a6aa142_aspace_d2b54cf50296ebab921a760f459f49bc","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Letters from Joe Rushing to Grady Drake — Birthday Greeting (1961) and Reflections on Friendship (2016), 1980; 2017","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/bd9240aa7af138315a6aa142_aspace_d2b54cf50296ebab921a760f459f49bc#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_d2b54cf50296ebab921a760f459f49bc","ref_ssm":["aspace_d2b54cf50296ebab921a760f459f49bc","aspace_d2b54cf50296ebab921a760f459f49bc"],"id":"bd9240aa7af138315a6aa142_aspace_d2b54cf50296ebab921a760f459f49bc","title_filing_ssi":"Letters from Joe Rushing to Grady Drake — Birthday Greeting (1961) and Reflections on Friendship (2016)\n","title_ssm":["Letters from Joe Rushing to Grady Drake — Birthday Greeting (1961) and Reflections on Friendship (2016)\n"],"title_tesim":["Letters from Joe Rushing to Grady Drake — Birthday Greeting (1961) and Reflections on Friendship (2016)\n"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1980; 2017"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1980; 2017"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Letters from Joe Rushing to Grady Drake — Birthday Greeting (1961) and Reflections on Friendship (2016), 1980; 2017"],"text":["Letters from Joe Rushing to Grady Drake — Birthday Greeting (1961) and Reflections on Friendship (2016), 1980; 2017","Grady Drake: The First Librarian at Junior College of Broward County (JCBC), 1960–2019 (bulk 1960–1989)","RG 843/1.40","/repositories/2/archival_objects/1238","English","box 1","folder 40"],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["bd9240aa7af138315a6aa142"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Grady Drake: The First Librarian at Junior College of Broward County (JCBC), 1960–2019 (bulk 1960–1989)"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Grady Drake: The First Librarian at Junior College of Broward County (JCBC), 1960–2019 (bulk 1960–1989)"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG 843/1.40","/repositories/2/archival_objects/1238"],"repository_ssim":["Broward College Archives and Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Grady Drake: The First Librarian at Junior College of Broward County (JCBC), 1960–2019 (bulk 1960–1989)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":41,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open for research. 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He remained active in professional and civic organizations until his retirement in 1989, and continued to be recognized well past his official tenure for his vision, service, and dedication to faculty, staff, and students.","The icon for the Broward College Digital Archives Scrapbook Collection depicts Grady Drake (1922-2019), the first director of Libraries at Broward College from the college's founding in 1960 to his retirement in 1989. The Scrapbook Collection is dedicated to his memory and for his many contributions to the students and faculty of Broward College.\nScrapbook Collection\nhttps://broward.digital.flvc.org/islandora/search/?type=edismax\u0026collection=broward%3Ascrapbcol","The First Librarian at Junior College of Broward County (JCBC) https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/sunsentinel/name/grady-drake-obituary?id=9393780","This collection documents Grady Drake's professional and personal legacy at Broward College. It includes founding correspondence, contracts, awards, photographs, administrative records, annual reports, evaluations, community event memorabilia, retirement keepsakes, and personal notes exchanged with the first college president and other key figures. The files cover library development, faculty leadership, professional contributions, interaction with civic organizations, and Drake's ongoing relationships with colleagues from 1960 through his passing in 2019.","Responsibility for securing copyright permission rests with the researcher. 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Certain materials may have restrictions due to fragility or privacy.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open for research. Certain materials may have restrictions due to fragility or privacy."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials are arranged chronologically and by subject, with folders/items grouped for library history, professional activities, college administration, staff and faculty records, personal memorabilia, and retirement materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Materials are arranged chronologically and by subject, with folders/items grouped for library history, professional activities, college administration, staff and faculty records, personal memorabilia, and retirement materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGrady Wynne Drake was appointed as the first librarian at the Junior College of Broward County in 1960. Beginning with a collection of approximately 1,500 books and serving roughly 400 students, Drake oversaw the development of the college library \"from the ground up\". Over nearly 30 years, he led its rapid expansion in resources, facilities, and services, guiding the library through the college's transformation into Broward College. Drake's influence on policies, staff training, community engagement, and academic support shaped the reputation and continuing growth of Broward College's library services. He remained active in professional and civic organizations until his retirement in 1989, and continued to be recognized well past his official tenure for his vision, service, and dedication to faculty, staff, and students.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Grady Wynne Drake was appointed as the first librarian at the Junior College of Broward County in 1960. 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The Scrapbook Collection is dedicated to his memory and for his many contributions to the students and faculty of Broward College.\nScrapbook Collection\nhttps://broward.digital.flvc.org/islandora/search/?type=edismax\u0026amp;collection=broward%3Ascrapbcol\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe First Librarian at Junior College of Broward County (JCBC) https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/sunsentinel/name/grady-drake-obituary?id=9393780\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["The icon for the Broward College Digital Archives Scrapbook Collection depicts Grady Drake (1922-2019), the first director of Libraries at Broward College from the college's founding in 1960 to his retirement in 1989. The Scrapbook Collection is dedicated to his memory and for his many contributions to the students and faculty of Broward College.\nScrapbook Collection\nhttps://broward.digital.flvc.org/islandora/search/?type=edismax\u0026collection=broward%3Ascrapbcol","The First Librarian at Junior College of Broward County (JCBC) https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/sunsentinel/name/grady-drake-obituary?id=9393780"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecord Group 843, Grady Drake: The First Librarian at Broward County Junior College, Broward College Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Record Group 843, Grady Drake: The First Librarian at Broward County Junior College, Broward College Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents Grady Drake's professional and personal legacy at Broward College. It includes founding correspondence, contracts, awards, photographs, administrative records, annual reports, evaluations, community event memorabilia, retirement keepsakes, and personal notes exchanged with the first college president and other key figures. The files cover library development, faculty leadership, professional contributions, interaction with civic organizations, and Drake's ongoing relationships with colleagues from 1960 through his passing in 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents Grady Drake's professional and personal legacy at Broward College. It includes founding correspondence, contracts, awards, photographs, administrative records, annual reports, evaluations, community event memorabilia, retirement keepsakes, and personal notes exchanged with the first college president and other key figures. The files cover library development, faculty leadership, professional contributions, interaction with civic organizations, and Drake's ongoing relationships with colleagues from 1960 through his passing in 2019."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResponsibility for securing copyright permission rests with the researcher. Reproduction is subject to material condition and institutional policy.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Responsibility for securing copyright permission rests with the researcher. 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Army--History","United States. Army--Military life","War and society--Europe--History--20th century.","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Europe--Newspapers","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Europe","Jewish soldiers--Prayers and devotions","World War, 1939-1945--Participation, Jewish","Jewish soldiers--United States","Paris (France)--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--France--Paris","France--History--1945-1958","United States. Army--Uniforms","This collection is open to all researchers.","Herbert Colker passed away on Monday, July 4, 2016, at his home. He was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, on October 3, 1920 and moved to Huntington, WV in 1946, after serving in the U.S. Army during World War II, in order to join his brother, Joseph, in business at West Virginia Electric Supply Company. He was married to his wife Betty for 73 years. Betty was born in Cincinnati, Ohio on February 19, 1921 and moved to Huntington, WV in 1946 with Herbert. She passed away on April 16, 2016.  Both Herbert and Betty are buried at Spring Hill Cemetery, Huntington, WV.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection contains the personal papers, photographs, ephemera, documents, newspaper clippings, and various other papers relating to World War II years and post war years lives of Herbert and Betty Colker as well as many family members and their correspondences with the Colkers.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Colker, February 19, 1921 - April 16, 2016","English"],"unitid_tesim":["11.0006","/repositories/10/resources/1562"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1935-1947, Date accessioned: 2011-01-26"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Herbert and Betty Colker papers, 1935-1947, Date accessioned: 2011-01-26"],"collection_title_tesim":["Herbert and Betty Colker papers, 1935-1947, Date accessioned: 2011-01-26"],"collection_ssim":["Herbert and Betty Colker papers, 1935-1947, Date accessioned: 2011-01-26"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Paris (France)"],"geogname_ssim":["Paris (France)"],"creator_ssm":["Colker, February 19, 1921 - April 16, 2016"],"creator_ssim":["Colker, February 19, 1921 - April 16, 2016"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Colker, February 19, 1921 - April 16, 2016"],"creators_ssim":["Colker, February 19, 1921 - April 16, 2016"],"places_ssim":["Paris (France)"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. 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Army--Military life","War and society--Europe--History--20th century.","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Europe--Newspapers","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Europe","Jewish soldiers--Prayers and devotions","World War, 1939-1945--Participation, Jewish","Jewish soldiers--United States","Paris (France)--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--France--Paris","France--History--1945-1958","United States. Army--Uniforms"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9 Linear Feet 8 full boxes, 1 photo album box"],"extent_tesim":["9 Linear Feet 8 full boxes, 1 photo album box"],"date_range_isim":[1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHerbert Colker passed away on Monday, July 4, 2016, at his home. He was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, on October 3, 1920 and moved to Huntington, WV in 1946, after serving in the U.S. Army during World War II, in order to join his brother, Joseph, in business at West Virginia Electric Supply Company. He was married to his wife Betty for 73 years. Betty was born in Cincinnati, Ohio on February 19, 1921 and moved to Huntington, WV in 1946 with Herbert. She passed away on April 16, 2016.  Both Herbert and Betty are buried at Spring Hill Cemetery, Huntington, WV.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Herbert Colker passed away on Monday, July 4, 2016, at his home. He was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, on October 3, 1920 and moved to Huntington, WV in 1946, after serving in the U.S. Army during World War II, in order to join his brother, Joseph, in business at West Virginia Electric Supply Company. He was married to his wife Betty for 73 years. Betty was born in Cincinnati, Ohio on February 19, 1921 and moved to Huntington, WV in 1946 with Herbert. She passed away on April 16, 2016.  Both Herbert and Betty are buried at Spring Hill Cemetery, Huntington, WV."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Herbert and Betty Colker papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-11-2006\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Herbert and Betty Colker papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-11-2006"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the personal papers, photographs, ephemera, documents, newspaper clippings, and various other papers relating to World War II years and post war years lives of Herbert and Betty Colker as well as many family members and their correspondences with the Colkers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the personal papers, photographs, ephemera, documents, newspaper clippings, and various other papers relating to World War II years and post war years lives of Herbert and Betty Colker as well as many family members and their correspondences with the Colkers."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Colker, February 19, 1921 - April 16, 2016"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"famname_ssim":["Colker, February 19, 1921 - April 16, 2016"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":269,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"a27cc57edcd56f723eb484b4","timestamp":"2026-04-21T05:54:02.897Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/a27cc57edcd56f723eb484b4_aspace_a873328bef3dca8740b8cf4420a00cb6"}},{"id":"28d7586342368d6dd25a48c1_aspace_392ebaea7720d9b482dc284cb7990ec1","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Letters to the Editor, 2008-2009","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/28d7586342368d6dd25a48c1_aspace_392ebaea7720d9b482dc284cb7990ec1#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_392ebaea7720d9b482dc284cb7990ec1","ref_ssm":["aspace_392ebaea7720d9b482dc284cb7990ec1","aspace_392ebaea7720d9b482dc284cb7990ec1"],"id":"28d7586342368d6dd25a48c1_aspace_392ebaea7720d9b482dc284cb7990ec1","title_filing_ssi":"Letters to the Editor","title_ssm":["Letters to the Editor"],"title_tesim":["Letters to the Editor"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["2008-2009"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2008-2009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Letters to the Editor, 2008-2009"],"text":["Letters to the Editor, 2008-2009","Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers, 1967-2008","Florida Times Union, 2008-2009","/repositories/3/archival_objects/10855","box 1","folder 20"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["28d7586342368d6dd25a48c1","28d7586342368d6dd25a48c1_aspace_0d0c3710d136111c1b888a28f401fe4a"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers, 1967-2008","Florida Times Union, 2008-2009"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers, 1967-2008","Florida Times Union, 2008-2009"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/3/archival_objects/10855"],"repository_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers, 1967-2008"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":25,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"date_range_isim":[2008,2009],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 20"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#0","_nest_parent_":"28d7586342368d6dd25a48c1_aspace_0d0c3710d136111c1b888a28f401fe4a","_root_":"28d7586342368d6dd25a48c1","timestamp":"2026-04-25T03:06:44.656Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"28d7586342368d6dd25a48c1","title_ssm":["Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers"],"ead_ssi":"28d7586342368d6dd25a48c1","unitdate_ssm":["1967-2008"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1967-2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["2007.004","/repositories/3/resources/50"],"text":["2007.004","/repositories/3/resources/50","Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers, 1967-2008","Duval County (Fla.)--Politics and government--20th century.","Florida--Politics and government--1951-","Jacksonville (Fla.)--History--20th century.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Politics and government--20th century.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Biography.","Metropolitan government--Florida--Jacksonville.","Printed materials","The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.","Homer Hudson Humphries, Jr., was born in Jacksonville, Florida on January 15, 1930, and attended local schools. After graduation from the Bolles School, he received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1958 from the University of Virginia, and a Bachelor of Laws degree from Stetson University in 1961. His early legal work included positions as the Assistant Duval County Solicitor (1963-1965), and Assistant State Attorney for Duval County (1965-1967). In June 1967, he was elected from Ward 8 to the Jacksonville City Council (prior to Consolidation), and under the new consolidated government, won election to the City Council from District 13. He became Council President on July 1, 1970, the third and the last President of consolidated government's first City Council. In 1971, he did not seek re-election to the Council, and returned to private law practice in Jacksonville.","Humphries was active in a number of civic, fraternal, professional, and religious organizations. A month after Humphries left the Council in 1971, Mayor Hans Tanzler appointed him to the first Downtown Development Authority (DDA), and he served the next eight years as DDA Chairman. In 1989, he was appointed to the Fourth Judicial Nominating Commission by Florida Governor Bob Martinez, and served a four-year term until 1992. Other civic activities included service affiliations with the Florida League of Cities, Florida Community College, Jacksonville Chamber of Commerce, Jacksonville Children's Museum, and St. Luke's Hospital.","His involvement with the University of North Florida deserves special mention. In 1969, as a member of the Jacksonville City Council, he was a strong supporter of the present suburban location for the University versus an urban site as proposed by other Council members. He was appointed to the first University of North Florida Foundation Board of Trustees, and was elected Foundation Board President in 1976-77. For his extensive service to the University, he was awarded a UNF Presidential medallion in October 2008.","Humphries had a long and distinguished service in the U.S. military. In 1953, he enlisted in the United States Air Force, and entered the Cadet Aviation Program. He served in the U.S. and overseas as a squadron pilot until his release from active duty in 1958 to pursue his civilian education. Subsequently, he joined the Florida Air National Guard, serving in several capacities where he held leadership positions: Air Operations Officer for State Headquarters (1972); Lieutenant Colonel and Director of Operations (1976-77); Chief of Staff and promotion to Colonel (1980); and promotion to Brigadier General in 1984. He retired from the Guard in 1989, and was awarded the Legion of Merit medal for his 36 years of outstanding military service.","The collection contains materials relating to Humphries' political activities, chiefly his tenure on the Jacksonville City Council from 1967-1971. The core of the collection are newspaper clippings pertaining to the Council's activities under the new consolidated government. Additional printed materials provide documentation on the site selection of the University of North Florida in 1969.","The Humphries Papers are of interest to scholars researching Jacksonville's consolidation period, as well as providing information on Humphries as a key political figure during the same time period. The collection, when used in conjunction with other sources such as the Jacksonville, Florida, Government Consolidation Collection and the Richard A. Martin Papers, provides insights and documentation on a pivotal era of Jacksonville history.","The collection has eight series:","Series 1 - Campaign Materials for Humphries' City Council Elections include correspondence, newspaper ads and articles, sample ballots and other general information about the elections and Humphries' candidacy.","Series 2 - City Council includes primarily newspaper articles about City Council activities including consolidation. There is also a Consolidation Day program, a copy of the Consolidation Resolution and a small amount of correspondence.","Series 3 - Florida Air National Guard (FANG) has a few articles and a certificate of appreciation regarding Humphries affiliation with the organization.","Series 4 - Florida Times Union includes some letters to the editor that Humphries authored.","Series 5 - is Humphries' obituary.","Series 6 - Publications includes a memoir authored by Humphries.","Series 7 - St. Luke's Hospital Association Executive Committee consists of a 1967 Annual Report that includes mention of Humphries as a Special Representative to the Executive Committee.","Series 8 - University of North Florida (UNF) Board of Trustees includes newspaper articles, a transcript of an interview, a copy of the Resolution to convey the property for the building of UNF, and a Founders Day program showing that Humphries received a UNF Presidential Medallion in 2008 for his service in creating the university.","Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information","UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","Jacksonville (Fla.) City Council.","University of North Florida.","Humphries, Homer H., Jr., 1930-","Humphries, Homer H., 1930-","English"],"unitid_tesim":["2007.004","/repositories/3/resources/50"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1967-2008"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers, 1967-2008"],"collection_title_tesim":["Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers, 1967-2008"],"collection_ssim":["Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers, 1967-2008"],"repository_ssm":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Duval County (Fla.)--Politics and government--20th century.","Florida--Politics and government--1951-","Jacksonville (Fla.)--History--20th century.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Politics and government--20th century."],"geogname_ssim":["Duval County (Fla.)--Politics and government--20th century.","Florida--Politics and government--1951-","Jacksonville (Fla.)--History--20th century.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Politics and government--20th century."],"creator_ssm":["Humphries, Homer H., Jr., 1930-"],"creator_ssim":["Humphries, Homer H., Jr., 1930-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Humphries, Homer H., Jr., 1930-"],"creators_ssim":["Humphries, Homer H., Jr., 1930-"],"places_ssim":["Duval County (Fla.)--Politics and government--20th century.","Florida--Politics and government--1951-","Jacksonville (Fla.)--History--20th century.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Politics and government--20th century."],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was acquired through donation from Homer Humphries, 2007"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Jacksonville (Fla.)--Biography.","Metropolitan government--Florida--Jacksonville.","Printed materials"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Jacksonville (Fla.)--Biography.","Metropolitan government--Florida--Jacksonville.","Printed materials"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["2.50 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Printed materials"],"date_range_isim":[1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHomer Hudson Humphries, Jr., was born in Jacksonville, Florida on January 15, 1930, and attended local schools. After graduation from the Bolles School, he received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1958 from the University of Virginia, and a Bachelor of Laws degree from Stetson University in 1961. His early legal work included positions as the Assistant Duval County Solicitor (1963-1965), and Assistant State Attorney for Duval County (1965-1967). In June 1967, he was elected from Ward 8 to the Jacksonville City Council (prior to Consolidation), and under the new consolidated government, won election to the City Council from District 13. He became Council President on July 1, 1970, the third and the last President of consolidated government's first City Council. In 1971, he did not seek re-election to the Council, and returned to private law practice in Jacksonville.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHumphries was active in a number of civic, fraternal, professional, and religious organizations. A month after Humphries left the Council in 1971, Mayor Hans Tanzler appointed him to the first Downtown Development Authority (DDA), and he served the next eight years as DDA Chairman. In 1989, he was appointed to the Fourth Judicial Nominating Commission by Florida Governor Bob Martinez, and served a four-year term until 1992. Other civic activities included service affiliations with the Florida League of Cities, Florida Community College, Jacksonville Chamber of Commerce, Jacksonville Children's Museum, and St. Luke's Hospital.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHis involvement with the University of North Florida deserves special mention. In 1969, as a member of the Jacksonville City Council, he was a strong supporter of the present suburban location for the University versus an urban site as proposed by other Council members. He was appointed to the first University of North Florida Foundation Board of Trustees, and was elected Foundation Board President in 1976-77. For his extensive service to the University, he was awarded a UNF Presidential medallion in October 2008.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHumphries had a long and distinguished service in the U.S. military. In 1953, he enlisted in the United States Air Force, and entered the Cadet Aviation Program. He served in the U.S. and overseas as a squadron pilot until his release from active duty in 1958 to pursue his civilian education. Subsequently, he joined the Florida Air National Guard, serving in several capacities where he held leadership positions: Air Operations Officer for State Headquarters (1972); Lieutenant Colonel and Director of Operations (1976-77); Chief of Staff and promotion to Colonel (1980); and promotion to Brigadier General in 1984. He retired from the Guard in 1989, and was awarded the Legion of Merit medal for his 36 years of outstanding military service.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Homer Hudson Humphries, Jr., was born in Jacksonville, Florida on January 15, 1930, and attended local schools. After graduation from the Bolles School, he received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1958 from the University of Virginia, and a Bachelor of Laws degree from Stetson University in 1961. His early legal work included positions as the Assistant Duval County Solicitor (1963-1965), and Assistant State Attorney for Duval County (1965-1967). In June 1967, he was elected from Ward 8 to the Jacksonville City Council (prior to Consolidation), and under the new consolidated government, won election to the City Council from District 13. He became Council President on July 1, 1970, the third and the last President of consolidated government's first City Council. In 1971, he did not seek re-election to the Council, and returned to private law practice in Jacksonville.","Humphries was active in a number of civic, fraternal, professional, and religious organizations. A month after Humphries left the Council in 1971, Mayor Hans Tanzler appointed him to the first Downtown Development Authority (DDA), and he served the next eight years as DDA Chairman. In 1989, he was appointed to the Fourth Judicial Nominating Commission by Florida Governor Bob Martinez, and served a four-year term until 1992. Other civic activities included service affiliations with the Florida League of Cities, Florida Community College, Jacksonville Chamber of Commerce, Jacksonville Children's Museum, and St. Luke's Hospital.","His involvement with the University of North Florida deserves special mention. In 1969, as a member of the Jacksonville City Council, he was a strong supporter of the present suburban location for the University versus an urban site as proposed by other Council members. He was appointed to the first University of North Florida Foundation Board of Trustees, and was elected Foundation Board President in 1976-77. For his extensive service to the University, he was awarded a UNF Presidential medallion in October 2008.","Humphries had a long and distinguished service in the U.S. military. In 1953, he enlisted in the United States Air Force, and entered the Cadet Aviation Program. He served in the U.S. and overseas as a squadron pilot until his release from active duty in 1958 to pursue his civilian education. Subsequently, he joined the Florida Air National Guard, serving in several capacities where he held leadership positions: Air Operations Officer for State Headquarters (1972); Lieutenant Colonel and Director of Operations (1976-77); Chief of Staff and promotion to Colonel (1980); and promotion to Brigadier General in 1984. He retired from the Guard in 1989, and was awarded the Legion of Merit medal for his 36 years of outstanding military service."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHomer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains materials relating to Humphries' political activities, chiefly his tenure on the Jacksonville City Council from 1967-1971. The core of the collection are newspaper clippings pertaining to the Council's activities under the new consolidated government. Additional printed materials provide documentation on the site selection of the University of North Florida in 1969.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Humphries Papers are of interest to scholars researching Jacksonville's consolidation period, as well as providing information on Humphries as a key political figure during the same time period. The collection, when used in conjunction with other sources such as the Jacksonville, Florida, Government Consolidation Collection and the Richard A. Martin Papers, provides insights and documentation on a pivotal era of Jacksonville history.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection has eight series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1 - Campaign Materials for Humphries' City Council Elections include correspondence, newspaper ads and articles, sample ballots and other general information about the elections and Humphries' candidacy.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2 - City Council includes primarily newspaper articles about City Council activities including consolidation. There is also a Consolidation Day program, a copy of the Consolidation Resolution and a small amount of correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3 - Florida Air National Guard (FANG) has a few articles and a certificate of appreciation regarding Humphries affiliation with the organization.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4 - Florida Times Union includes some letters to the editor that Humphries authored.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5 - is Humphries' obituary.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6 - Publications includes a memoir authored by Humphries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7 - St. Luke's Hospital Association Executive Committee consists of a 1967 Annual Report that includes mention of Humphries as a Special Representative to the Executive Committee.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8 - University of North Florida (UNF) Board of Trustees includes newspaper articles, a transcript of an interview, a copy of the Resolution to convey the property for the building of UNF, and a Founders Day program showing that Humphries received a UNF Presidential Medallion in 2008 for his service in creating the university.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains materials relating to Humphries' political activities, chiefly his tenure on the Jacksonville City Council from 1967-1971. The core of the collection are newspaper clippings pertaining to the Council's activities under the new consolidated government. Additional printed materials provide documentation on the site selection of the University of North Florida in 1969.","The Humphries Papers are of interest to scholars researching Jacksonville's consolidation period, as well as providing information on Humphries as a key political figure during the same time period. The collection, when used in conjunction with other sources such as the Jacksonville, Florida, Government Consolidation Collection and the Richard A. Martin Papers, provides insights and documentation on a pivotal era of Jacksonville history.","The collection has eight series:","Series 1 - Campaign Materials for Humphries' City Council Elections include correspondence, newspaper ads and articles, sample ballots and other general information about the elections and Humphries' candidacy.","Series 2 - City Council includes primarily newspaper articles about City Council activities including consolidation. There is also a Consolidation Day program, a copy of the Consolidation Resolution and a small amount of correspondence.","Series 3 - Florida Air National Guard (FANG) has a few articles and a certificate of appreciation regarding Humphries affiliation with the organization.","Series 4 - Florida Times Union includes some letters to the editor that Humphries authored.","Series 5 - is Humphries' obituary.","Series 6 - Publications includes a memoir authored by Humphries.","Series 7 - St. Luke's Hospital Association Executive Committee consists of a 1967 Annual Report that includes mention of Humphries as a Special Representative to the Executive Committee.","Series 8 - University of North Florida (UNF) Board of Trustees includes newspaper articles, a transcript of an interview, a copy of the Resolution to convey the property for the building of UNF, and a Founders Day program showing that Humphries received a UNF Presidential Medallion in 2008 for his service in creating the university."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"names_coll_ssim":["Jacksonville (Fla.) City Council.","University of North Florida.","Humphries, Homer H., 1930-"],"names_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","Jacksonville (Fla.) City Council.","University of North Florida.","Humphries, Homer H., Jr., 1930-","Humphries, Homer H., 1930-"],"corpname_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","Jacksonville (Fla.) City Council.","University of North Florida."],"persname_ssim":["Humphries, Homer H., Jr., 1930-","Humphries, Homer H., 1930-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":36,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"28d7586342368d6dd25a48c1","timestamp":"2026-04-25T03:06:44.656Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/28d7586342368d6dd25a48c1_aspace_392ebaea7720d9b482dc284cb7990ec1"}},{"id":"42e7073fb9b8528341d9f801_aspace_3240ef5b39c04b206de6274e1185540a","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Letter to Rodney Hurst from Jacksonville City Council re: the Runner-Up Award in the 2008 Beach Book Festival, 2008","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/42e7073fb9b8528341d9f801_aspace_3240ef5b39c04b206de6274e1185540a#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_3240ef5b39c04b206de6274e1185540a","ref_ssm":["aspace_3240ef5b39c04b206de6274e1185540a","aspace_3240ef5b39c04b206de6274e1185540a"],"id":"42e7073fb9b8528341d9f801_aspace_3240ef5b39c04b206de6274e1185540a","title_filing_ssi":"Letter to Rodney Hurst from Jacksonville City Council re: the Runner-Up Award in the 2008 Beach Book Festival","title_ssm":["Letter to Rodney Hurst from Jacksonville City Council re: the Runner-Up Award in the 2008 Beach Book Festival"],"title_tesim":["Letter to Rodney Hurst from Jacksonville City Council re: the Runner-Up Award in the 2008 Beach Book Festival"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2008"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2008"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Letter to Rodney Hurst from Jacksonville City Council re: the Runner-Up Award in the 2008 Beach Book Festival, 2008"],"text":["Letter to Rodney Hurst from Jacksonville City Council re: the Runner-Up Award in the 2008 Beach Book Festival, 2008","Rodney Lawrence Hurst, Sr. Papers, 1957-2015","Correspondence and documents","Correspondence","/repositories/3/archival_objects/6740","box 1","folder 1"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["42e7073fb9b8528341d9f801","42e7073fb9b8528341d9f801_aspace_1b79f277df332700c0cba5b48653a840","42e7073fb9b8528341d9f801_aspace_8706daab7ab92d6a86f74c2a9e1e49e6"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Rodney Lawrence Hurst, Sr. Papers, 1957-2015","Correspondence and documents","Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Rodney Lawrence Hurst, Sr. Papers, 1957-2015","Correspondence and documents","Correspondence"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/3/archival_objects/6740"],"repository_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Rodney Lawrence Hurst, Sr. Papers, 1957-2015"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":18,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"date_range_isim":[2008],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#15","_nest_parent_":"42e7073fb9b8528341d9f801_aspace_8706daab7ab92d6a86f74c2a9e1e49e6","_root_":"42e7073fb9b8528341d9f801","timestamp":"2026-05-27T03:06:30.746Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"42e7073fb9b8528341d9f801","title_ssm":["Rodney Lawrence Hurst, Sr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["Rodney Lawrence Hurst, Sr. Papers"],"ead_ssi":"42e7073fb9b8528341d9f801","unitdate_ssm":["1957-2015"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1957-2015"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":[" 2018.001","/repositories/3/resources/65"],"text":[" 2018.001","/repositories/3/resources/65","Rodney Lawrence Hurst, Sr. Papers, 1957-2015","USPS Black Heritage Stamp Series","Hurst, Rodney L.  -- Stamp collections","African Americans on postage stamps","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","African American civil rights workers","The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.","\tRodney L. Hurst Sr., a long time Jacksonville resident, Civil Rights activist and author was born in 1944. After transferring to Isaiah Blocker Junior High School in 1955, at age eleven, his history teacher Rutledge Henry Pearson encouraged him to join the local NAACP Youth Council. By the time he was fifteen, Mr. Hurst was named president of the youth council chapter.","In 1960, Hurst led the lunch counter sit in demonstrations in downtown Jacksonville's shopping districts. The first one began on August 13, 1960. They targeted the Woolworth's counter. In addition, demonstrations were held at Cohen Bros, WT Grant Department Store, Kness Department Store, and McCrory Department Store. \n    \nIn response, the stores closed their lunch counters and thus fueled the tensions that coalesced on August 27 also known as Ax Handle Saturday when 200 segregationists, armed with ax handles and baseball bats attacked 35 members of the NAACP youth council and other Black Americans who happened to be in the area.\n    \nEventually, the police closed off downtown and the sit ins ceased. Then on December 8, 1960, Rodney Hurst was arrested for his part in the demonstrations and charged with instigating a riot.  The charges were dropped after his hearing and was released. By May 16, 1961, all lunch counters in Jacksonville were integrated due to Mr. Hurst and the Youth Council's efforts.\n    \nIn subsequent years, Mr. Hurst sat on the Jacksonville Civil Council and represented District 8 from 1975-1979 and District 10 from 1979-1983. \n    \nLater in 2008, he authored a semi-autobiographical account of his experiences called \"It Was Never About a Hot Dog and a Coke!\" The book garnered recognition at the Sabrina Awards Best Non Fiction and Top Three Pick On July 31st that same year.","In addition, Mr. Hurst received awards for his participation in the 2009 Writer's Digest 16th Annual Self-Published Book awards, the ENAABLE and Blue Cross Blue Shield of Florida Black History Month Celebration. Due to his efforts in civil rights history, the Durkeeville Historical Society awarded Mr. Hurst a certificate of appreciation.","In 2010, Mr. Hurst participated in the University of Central Florida Book Festival and in 2012, he taught a course about Ax Handle Saturday and the Jacksonville sit ins at the University of North Florida.","Recently, in 2018, the Jacksonville Task Force on Civil Rights History was created. Mr. Hurst served as the co chair of the taskforce's historical timeline subcommittee and created a chronology of civil rights history in Jacksonville from 1838 with the founding of Bethel Baptist Institutional Church to the present. ","The collection consists of papers and memorabilia related to civil rights history in Jacksonville and Hurst's experiences as a member of the NAACP Youth Council in the 1960's. The collection focuses on the NAACP sit-ins of stores in James Weldon Johnson Park, formerly known as Hemming Park or Plaza, and Hurst's book about Ax Handle Saturday.","Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information","UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":[" 2018.001","/repositories/3/resources/65"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1957-2015"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rodney Lawrence Hurst, Sr. Papers, 1957-2015"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rodney Lawrence Hurst, Sr. Papers, 1957-2015"],"collection_ssim":["Rodney Lawrence Hurst, Sr. Papers, 1957-2015"],"repository_ssm":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was acquired through donation from Rodney Lawrence Hurst, Sr. in 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["USPS Black Heritage Stamp Series","Hurst, Rodney L.  -- Stamp collections","African Americans on postage stamps","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","African American civil rights workers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["USPS Black Heritage Stamp Series","Hurst, Rodney L.  -- Stamp collections","African Americans on postage stamps","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","African American civil rights workers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["5.00 Linear Feet 2 legal sized archives document boxes, 1 oversized flat box, 3 medium sized flat boxes"],"extent_tesim":["5.00 Linear Feet 2 legal sized archives document boxes, 1 oversized flat box, 3 medium sized flat boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\tRodney L. Hurst Sr., a long time Jacksonville resident, Civil Rights activist and author was born in 1944. After transferring to Isaiah Blocker Junior High School in 1955, at age eleven, his history teacher Rutledge Henry Pearson encouraged him to join the local NAACP Youth Council. By the time he was fifteen, Mr. Hurst was named president of the youth council chapter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1960, Hurst led the lunch counter sit in demonstrations in downtown Jacksonville's shopping districts. The first one began on August 13, 1960. They targeted the Woolworth's counter. In addition, demonstrations were held at Cohen Bros, WT Grant Department Store, Kness Department Store, and McCrory Department Store. \n    \nIn response, the stores closed their lunch counters and thus fueled the tensions that coalesced on August 27 also known as Ax Handle Saturday when 200 segregationists, armed with ax handles and baseball bats attacked 35 members of the NAACP youth council and other Black Americans who happened to be in the area.\n    \nEventually, the police closed off downtown and the sit ins ceased. Then on December 8, 1960, Rodney Hurst was arrested for his part in the demonstrations and charged with instigating a riot.  The charges were dropped after his hearing and was released. By May 16, 1961, all lunch counters in Jacksonville were integrated due to Mr. Hurst and the Youth Council's efforts.\n    \nIn subsequent years, Mr. Hurst sat on the Jacksonville Civil Council and represented District 8 from 1975-1979 and District 10 from 1979-1983. \n    \nLater in 2008, he authored a semi-autobiographical account of his experiences called \"It Was Never About a Hot Dog and a Coke!\" The book garnered recognition at the Sabrina Awards Best Non Fiction and Top Three Pick On July 31st that same year.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition, Mr. Hurst received awards for his participation in the 2009 Writer's Digest 16th Annual Self-Published Book awards, the ENAABLE and Blue Cross Blue Shield of Florida Black History Month Celebration. Due to his efforts in civil rights history, the Durkeeville Historical Society awarded Mr. Hurst a certificate of appreciation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 2010, Mr. Hurst participated in the University of Central Florida Book Festival and in 2012, he taught a course about Ax Handle Saturday and the Jacksonville sit ins at the University of North Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRecently, in 2018, the Jacksonville Task Force on Civil Rights History was created. Mr. Hurst served as the co chair of the taskforce's historical timeline subcommittee and created a chronology of civil rights history in Jacksonville from 1838 with the founding of Bethel Baptist Institutional Church to the present. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["\tRodney L. Hurst Sr., a long time Jacksonville resident, Civil Rights activist and author was born in 1944. After transferring to Isaiah Blocker Junior High School in 1955, at age eleven, his history teacher Rutledge Henry Pearson encouraged him to join the local NAACP Youth Council. By the time he was fifteen, Mr. Hurst was named president of the youth council chapter.","In 1960, Hurst led the lunch counter sit in demonstrations in downtown Jacksonville's shopping districts. The first one began on August 13, 1960. They targeted the Woolworth's counter. In addition, demonstrations were held at Cohen Bros, WT Grant Department Store, Kness Department Store, and McCrory Department Store. \n    \nIn response, the stores closed their lunch counters and thus fueled the tensions that coalesced on August 27 also known as Ax Handle Saturday when 200 segregationists, armed with ax handles and baseball bats attacked 35 members of the NAACP youth council and other Black Americans who happened to be in the area.\n    \nEventually, the police closed off downtown and the sit ins ceased. Then on December 8, 1960, Rodney Hurst was arrested for his part in the demonstrations and charged with instigating a riot.  The charges were dropped after his hearing and was released. By May 16, 1961, all lunch counters in Jacksonville were integrated due to Mr. Hurst and the Youth Council's efforts.\n    \nIn subsequent years, Mr. Hurst sat on the Jacksonville Civil Council and represented District 8 from 1975-1979 and District 10 from 1979-1983. \n    \nLater in 2008, he authored a semi-autobiographical account of his experiences called \"It Was Never About a Hot Dog and a Coke!\" The book garnered recognition at the Sabrina Awards Best Non Fiction and Top Three Pick On July 31st that same year.","In addition, Mr. Hurst received awards for his participation in the 2009 Writer's Digest 16th Annual Self-Published Book awards, the ENAABLE and Blue Cross Blue Shield of Florida Black History Month Celebration. Due to his efforts in civil rights history, the Durkeeville Historical Society awarded Mr. Hurst a certificate of appreciation.","In 2010, Mr. Hurst participated in the University of Central Florida Book Festival and in 2012, he taught a course about Ax Handle Saturday and the Jacksonville sit ins at the University of North Florida.","Recently, in 2018, the Jacksonville Task Force on Civil Rights History was created. Mr. Hurst served as the co chair of the taskforce's historical timeline subcommittee and created a chronology of civil rights history in Jacksonville from 1838 with the founding of Bethel Baptist Institutional Church to the present. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRodney Lawrence Hurst, Sr. Papers, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Rodney Lawrence Hurst, Sr. Papers, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of papers and memorabilia related to civil rights history in Jacksonville and Hurst's experiences as a member of the NAACP Youth Council in the 1960's. The collection focuses on the NAACP sit-ins of stores in James Weldon Johnson Park, formerly known as Hemming Park or Plaza, and Hurst's book about Ax Handle Saturday.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of papers and memorabilia related to civil rights history in Jacksonville and Hurst's experiences as a member of the NAACP Youth Council in the 1960's. The collection focuses on the NAACP sit-ins of stores in James Weldon Johnson Park, formerly known as Hemming Park or Plaza, and Hurst's book about Ax Handle Saturday."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. 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Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.","\tRodney L. Hurst Sr., a long time Jacksonville resident, Civil Rights activist and author was born in 1944. After transferring to Isaiah Blocker Junior High School in 1955, at age eleven, his history teacher Rutledge Henry Pearson encouraged him to join the local NAACP Youth Council. By the time he was fifteen, Mr. Hurst was named president of the youth council chapter.","In 1960, Hurst led the lunch counter sit in demonstrations in downtown Jacksonville's shopping districts. The first one began on August 13, 1960. They targeted the Woolworth's counter. In addition, demonstrations were held at Cohen Bros, WT Grant Department Store, Kness Department Store, and McCrory Department Store. \n    \nIn response, the stores closed their lunch counters and thus fueled the tensions that coalesced on August 27 also known as Ax Handle Saturday when 200 segregationists, armed with ax handles and baseball bats attacked 35 members of the NAACP youth council and other Black Americans who happened to be in the area.\n    \nEventually, the police closed off downtown and the sit ins ceased. Then on December 8, 1960, Rodney Hurst was arrested for his part in the demonstrations and charged with instigating a riot.  The charges were dropped after his hearing and was released. 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In addition, demonstrations were held at Cohen Bros, WT Grant Department Store, Kness Department Store, and McCrory Department Store. \n    \nIn response, the stores closed their lunch counters and thus fueled the tensions that coalesced on August 27 also known as Ax Handle Saturday when 200 segregationists, armed with ax handles and baseball bats attacked 35 members of the NAACP youth council and other Black Americans who happened to be in the area.\n    \nEventually, the police closed off downtown and the sit ins ceased. Then on December 8, 1960, Rodney Hurst was arrested for his part in the demonstrations and charged with instigating a riot.  The charges were dropped after his hearing and was released. By May 16, 1961, all lunch counters in Jacksonville were integrated due to Mr. Hurst and the Youth Council's efforts.\n    \nIn subsequent years, Mr. Hurst sat on the Jacksonville Civil Council and represented District 8 from 1975-1979 and District 10 from 1979-1983. \n    \nLater in 2008, he authored a semi-autobiographical account of his experiences called \"It Was Never About a Hot Dog and a Coke!\" The book garnered recognition at the Sabrina Awards Best Non Fiction and Top Three Pick On July 31st that same year.","In addition, Mr. Hurst received awards for his participation in the 2009 Writer's Digest 16th Annual Self-Published Book awards, the ENAABLE and Blue Cross Blue Shield of Florida Black History Month Celebration. 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