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It replaced the Von D. Mizell Library in the historic Sistrunk neighborhood, Fort Lauderdale's historically Black neighborhood. ","In late 1995 the Broward County Commission pledged funding to build AARLCC, beginning the library's design and construction planning. Over the next 7 years, community fundraising efforts matched and then surpassed the funding allocated by the county, surpassing millions of dollars. The architectural and design firm PAWA Complex International won the contract to design the structure. The building's interior design was completed by Cecil Hayes. Multiple public art projects also went into the original design of the building, including the Harambe Room by Gary Moore, \"The Bridge\" sculpture by George Gadson, and \"The Adinkra Tribute\" by C. J. Lattimore.","Opened as the third public library dedicated to Black research in the United States - along with the Schomburg Center for Research and Black Culture in New York and the Auburn Avenue Research Library in Atlanta - AARLCC distinguished itself by focusing on Caribbean and South American Black history in addition to African-American and African history. To achieve this mission, AARLCC houses the AARLCC Special Collections which continually works to archive and digitize collections for public access. Notable archival collections include the Alex Haley Collection, the Doroty Porter Wesley Collection, and the Niara Sudarkasa Collection. ","In addition to the aforementioned missions, AARLCC serves as a public library branch for the local community, providing patrons with essential resources such as book lending, computer and internet access, reading rooms, and an assortment of programming. The library also has a museum gallery on the first floor featuring large-scale exhibits.","AARLCC's first executive director was Arglenda Friday, who resigned for unforseen personal circumstances in 2001. Easter Wilcher served as the interim director until the library found a replacement. Julie Hunter became the second director, serving from 2002 to 2006 and overseeing the library's grand opening and early programming. She was succeeded by Alicia Antone (2006-January 2008), Elaina Norlin (2009-2019), Makiba Foster (2019-2022), and Dr. Tameka Bradley (2022-present). ","This collection received file level processing and a finding aid was created by Adam Anderson in Feburary 2024. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.","The AARLCC History Collection documents the history of the African American Research Library and Cultural Center (AARLCC) in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. The materials contain information about the inception of the library branch in 1995, its subsequent design and construction, and fundraising efforts. It also contains information about the AARLCC's programming, exhibits, staff, and special events since the grand opening in 2002 to the present. The collection materials include brochures, events, newspaper clippings, correspondence, reports, printed materials, blueprints, photographs, born-digital materials, and audio-visual materials.","The AARLCC History Collection documents the history of the African American Research Library and Cultural Center (AARLCC) in Fort Lauderdale, Florida.","AARLCC Special Collections","African American Research Library and Cultural Center","English"],"unitid_tesim":["AARLCC.2024.1","/repositories/2/resources/377"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1995-Present"],"normalized_title_ssm":["AARLCC History Collection, 1995-Present"],"collection_title_tesim":["AARLCC History Collection, 1995-Present"],"collection_ssim":["AARLCC History Collection, 1995-Present"],"repository_ssm":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["African American Research Library and Cultural Center"],"creator_ssim":["African American Research Library and Cultural Center"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["African American Research Library and Cultural Center"],"creators_ssim":["African American Research Library and Cultural Center"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Broward County Library -- History","Library directors","African American librarians","Libraries and Black people","Public libraries -- Florida -- Fort Lauderdale"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Broward County Library -- History","Library directors","African American librarians","Libraries and Black people","Public libraries -- Florida -- Fort Lauderdale"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8 Hollinger Boxes","2 Boxes (irregular size)"],"extent_tesim":["8 Hollinger Boxes","2 Boxes (irregular size)"],"date_range_isim":[1995],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe AARLCC History Collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The AARLCC History Collection is open for research."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccruals to the AARLCC History Collection are expected.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"accruals_tesim":["Accruals to the AARLCC History Collection are expected."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eInspired and spearheaded by Samuel Morrison, librarian and thirteen-year director of the Broward County Library system, the African-American Research Library and Cultural Center (AARLCC) opened on October 6, 2002. It replaced the Von D. Mizell Library in the historic Sistrunk neighborhood, Fort Lauderdale's historically Black neighborhood. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn late 1995 the Broward County Commission pledged funding to build AARLCC, beginning the library's design and construction planning. Over the next 7 years, community fundraising efforts matched and then surpassed the funding allocated by the county, surpassing millions of dollars. The architectural and design firm PAWA Complex International won the contract to design the structure. The building's interior design was completed by Cecil Hayes. Multiple public art projects also went into the original design of the building, including the Harambe Room by Gary Moore, \"The Bridge\" sculpture by George Gadson, and \"The Adinkra Tribute\" by C. J. Lattimore.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOpened as the third public library dedicated to Black research in the United States - along with the Schomburg Center for Research and Black Culture in New York and the Auburn Avenue Research Library in Atlanta - AARLCC distinguished itself by focusing on Caribbean and South American Black history in addition to African-American and African history. To achieve this mission, AARLCC houses the AARLCC Special Collections which continually works to archive and digitize collections for public access. Notable archival collections include the Alex Haley Collection, the Doroty Porter Wesley Collection, and the Niara Sudarkasa Collection. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to the aforementioned missions, AARLCC serves as a public library branch for the local community, providing patrons with essential resources such as book lending, computer and internet access, reading rooms, and an assortment of programming. The library also has a museum gallery on the first floor featuring large-scale exhibits.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAARLCC's first executive director was Arglenda Friday, who resigned for unforseen personal circumstances in 2001. Easter Wilcher served as the interim director until the library found a replacement. Julie Hunter became the second director, serving from 2002 to 2006 and overseeing the library's grand opening and early programming. She was succeeded by Alicia Antone (2006-January 2008), Elaina Norlin (2009-2019), Makiba Foster (2019-2022), and Dr. Tameka Bradley (2022-present). \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Inspired and spearheaded by Samuel Morrison, librarian and thirteen-year director of the Broward County Library system, the African-American Research Library and Cultural Center (AARLCC) opened on October 6, 2002. It replaced the Von D. Mizell Library in the historic Sistrunk neighborhood, Fort Lauderdale's historically Black neighborhood. ","In late 1995 the Broward County Commission pledged funding to build AARLCC, beginning the library's design and construction planning. Over the next 7 years, community fundraising efforts matched and then surpassed the funding allocated by the county, surpassing millions of dollars. The architectural and design firm PAWA Complex International won the contract to design the structure. The building's interior design was completed by Cecil Hayes. Multiple public art projects also went into the original design of the building, including the Harambe Room by Gary Moore, \"The Bridge\" sculpture by George Gadson, and \"The Adinkra Tribute\" by C. J. Lattimore.","Opened as the third public library dedicated to Black research in the United States - along with the Schomburg Center for Research and Black Culture in New York and the Auburn Avenue Research Library in Atlanta - AARLCC distinguished itself by focusing on Caribbean and South American Black history in addition to African-American and African history. To achieve this mission, AARLCC houses the AARLCC Special Collections which continually works to archive and digitize collections for public access. Notable archival collections include the Alex Haley Collection, the Doroty Porter Wesley Collection, and the Niara Sudarkasa Collection. ","In addition to the aforementioned missions, AARLCC serves as a public library branch for the local community, providing patrons with essential resources such as book lending, computer and internet access, reading rooms, and an assortment of programming. The library also has a museum gallery on the first floor featuring large-scale exhibits.","AARLCC's first executive director was Arglenda Friday, who resigned for unforseen personal circumstances in 2001. Easter Wilcher served as the interim director until the library found a replacement. Julie Hunter became the second director, serving from 2002 to 2006 and overseeing the library's grand opening and early programming. She was succeeded by Alicia Antone (2006-January 2008), Elaina Norlin (2009-2019), Makiba Foster (2019-2022), and Dr. Tameka Bradley (2022-present). "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAARLCC History Collection, African American Research Library and Cultural Center, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["AARLCC History Collection, African American Research Library and Cultural Center, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection received file level processing and a finding aid was created by Adam Anderson in Feburary 2024. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection received file level processing and a finding aid was created by Adam Anderson in Feburary 2024. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe AARLCC History Collection documents the history of the African American Research Library and Cultural Center (AARLCC) in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. The materials contain information about the inception of the library branch in 1995, its subsequent design and construction, and fundraising efforts. It also contains information about the AARLCC's programming, exhibits, staff, and special events since the grand opening in 2002 to the present. The collection materials include brochures, events, newspaper clippings, correspondence, reports, printed materials, blueprints, photographs, born-digital materials, and audio-visual materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The AARLCC History Collection documents the history of the African American Research Library and Cultural Center (AARLCC) in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. The materials contain information about the inception of the library branch in 1995, its subsequent design and construction, and fundraising efforts. It also contains information about the AARLCC's programming, exhibits, staff, and special events since the grand opening in 2002 to the present. The collection materials include brochures, events, newspaper clippings, correspondence, reports, printed materials, blueprints, photographs, born-digital materials, and audio-visual materials."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_3c826a2397e08456847b304e6464edf0\"\u003eThe AARLCC History Collection documents the history of the African American Research Library and Cultural Center (AARLCC) in Fort Lauderdale, Florida.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The AARLCC History Collection documents the history of the African American Research Library and Cultural Center (AARLCC) in Fort Lauderdale, Florida."],"names_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections","African American Research Library and Cultural Center"],"corpname_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections","African American Research Library and Cultural Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":150,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1876455834073956352,"_root_":"acd92a5aa7d9fcd753e986eb","timestamp":"2026-09-16T03:02:14.826Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/acd92a5aa7d9fcd753e986eb_aspace_679703d13672e61ccab96b13c0fc50af"}},{"id":"8e775b6d2c750c409e16ae47_aspace_9a66a2a38f9021bc7b5bfca887b3fc55","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Combating Corruption in the Baltics Proposal Draft, 2001","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8e775b6d2c750c409e16ae47_aspace_9a66a2a38f9021bc7b5bfca887b3fc55#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_9a66a2a38f9021bc7b5bfca887b3fc55","ref_ssm":["aspace_9a66a2a38f9021bc7b5bfca887b3fc55","aspace_9a66a2a38f9021bc7b5bfca887b3fc55"],"id":"8e775b6d2c750c409e16ae47_aspace_9a66a2a38f9021bc7b5bfca887b3fc55","title_filing_ssi":"Combating Corruption in the Baltics Proposal Draft","title_ssm":["Combating Corruption in the Baltics Proposal Draft"],"title_tesim":["Combating Corruption in the Baltics Proposal Draft"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["2001"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2001"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Combating Corruption in the Baltics Proposal Draft, 2001"],"text":["Combating Corruption in the Baltics Proposal Draft, 2001","U.S.-Baltic Foundation records, 1990-2013, bulk 1992-1997","U.S.-Baltic Foundation Files, 1990-2013","/repositories/4/archival_objects/83739","box 2","folder 8"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["8e775b6d2c750c409e16ae47","8e775b6d2c750c409e16ae47_aspace_bddec370f2f25e41e1914a9029827ddb"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["U.S.-Baltic Foundation records, 1990-2013, bulk 1992-1997","U.S.-Baltic Foundation Files, 1990-2013"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["U.S.-Baltic Foundation records, 1990-2013, bulk 1992-1997","U.S.-Baltic Foundation Files, 1990-2013"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/4/archival_objects/83739"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["U.S.-Baltic Foundation records, 1990-2013, bulk 1992-1997"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":37,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[2001],"containers_ssim":["box 2","folder 8"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#35","_nest_parent_":"8e775b6d2c750c409e16ae47_aspace_bddec370f2f25e41e1914a9029827ddb","_root_":"8e775b6d2c750c409e16ae47","_version_":1870857903575924736,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:05:32.282Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"8e775b6d2c750c409e16ae47","title_ssm":["U.S.-Baltic Foundation records"],"title_tesim":["U.S.-Baltic Foundation records"],"ead_ssi":"8e775b6d2c750c409e16ae47","unitdate_ssm":["1990-2013","1992-1997"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1992-1997"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1990-2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 142","/repositories/4/resources/321"],"text":["SC 142","/repositories/4/resources/321","U.S.-Baltic Foundation records, 1990-2013, bulk 1992-1997","Baltic States -- Foreign relations","Baltic States","United States -- Relations  --  Baltic States","Democratization","Democratization -- Europe, Eastern","Decentralization in government","newsletters","annual reports","financial statements","The entire collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into four series as follows. Each series is arranged chronologically. \n I. U.S.-Baltic Foundation Files, 1990 – 2008 II. Latvia Files, 1991-1998 III. Estonia Files, 1993-2001 IV. Lithuania Files, 1992 – 2006","The U.S.-Baltic Foundation (USBF) was founded in 1990 as a response to the collapse of the Soviet Union and the United States' desire to restore independence and democracy to the Baltic States. In 1990, they also obtained non-profit status. As part of the U.S. Democracy Network, the U.S.-Baltic Foundation received a 2.4-million-dollar budget from Congress to work with Baltic organizations and embassies to aid in the democratization of Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia. USBF worked very closely with the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) on many of its projects and politicians from both U.S. political parties served on its board of trustees. USBF also received private support, accepting donations from American individuals and large non-profit organizations such as Pew Charitable Trusts and the Audrey Gruss Foundation. ","The U.S.-Baltic Foundation held Baltic Municipal Management Seminars and established Municipal Training Centers, which taught local Baltic officials how to govern in a capitalist system. Municipal Training Centers were created in partnership with universities in the Baltic States, including the University of Tartu in Estonia, the University of Latvia, and the Kaunas Technological University in Lithuania, emphasizing decentralization and providing opportunities to visit America and observe how government operated in a capitalist society. The Foundation also worked to introduce free press to the Baltic states through exchange programs that allowed Baltic media personnel to visit news stations in Washington D.C. and Dallas, Texas. These visits gave Baltic media personnel examples of how the free press operated. USBF also had country-specific programs such as helping the Jewish community in Lithuania build a community center, creating an AIDS-Information and Support center in Estonia, and donating to the Latvian Society of Nature and Monuments Protection. USBF supported many organizations such as these and was a crucial part of democratizing the Baltic states. USBF's operations slowed in 2011. In 2019, USBF donated $250,000, the last of its cash assets, to the University of Central Florida for a new dual undergraduate program in public administration and nonprofit management in partnership with Kaunas University of Technology in Lithuania. ","Processed by and finding aid prepared by Stanley Shen in 2024.","Joint Baltic American National Committee records , Immigration History Research Center Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries.","The U.S.-Baltic Foundation records, 1990-2013, documents the work of the U.S.-Baltic Foundation, a non-profit organization that aimed to support the democratization of the Baltic States after the collapse of the Soviet Union. The collection consists of financial reports, legal documents, newspaper articles, newsletters, magazines, and a small number of photographs documenting the Foundation's activities and programs in Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania.  It also contains briefings, which offer broad information on various projects, monthly events, and final reports on a project's progress.  Proposals, agreements, and modifications of  grants awarded by the U.S.-Baltic Foundation are also included. This collection offers insight into American efforts to restore democracy in former Soviet states of Eastern Europe, steering Baltic states away from communism and encouraging free markets.  Through initiatives promoting press freedom, decentralization, and the creation of PhD programs in the Baltic States, the U.S.-Baltic Foundation significantly aided the Baltic States' transition to capitalism and democracy. ","Series I: U.S.-Baltic Foundation Files, 1990 – 2008, contain organizational records and major project files that document the U.S.-Baltic Foundation's work with multiple Baltic countries. It includes grant agreements, modifications, the U.S.-Baltic Foundation in media such as new clippings or articles, emails, newsletters, financial documents, legal documents, and reports about programs, such as the Baltic Municipal Training Institute. It also documents the Foundation's efforts to obtain non-profit status.  This series is arranged by like-item.  ","Series II: Latvian Files, 1991-1998, contain materials related to projects in Latvia. The series includes grant paperwork, emails, financial reports, and proposals. The files document the brand-new U.S.-Baltic Foundation's first contact with Latvian social programs.  ","Series III: Estonia Files, 1993-2001, contains materials related to projects in Estonia. The series includes grant paperwork, emails, and financial files. The U.S.-Baltic Foundation's work in Estonia is centered around protecting the environment. The U.S.-Baltic Foundation worked very closely with the Estonian Green Movement, providing financial aid.  ","Series IV: Lithuanian files, 1992 – 2006, contain materials related to projects in Lithuania. The series includes grant paperwork, emails, thank you letters, correspondence with local authorities, and financial files. The U.S.-Baltic Foundation's activities in Lithuania demonstrate the organization's evolving role over time. Initially, the Foundation supported Lithuania in a similar way as the other states by creating a Municipal Training Center and the Kaunas Technological University in Lithuania. This Municipal Training Center taught local officials how to govern in a capitalist democracy. Later, the U.S.-Baltic Foundation began to focus on community growth, such as creating summer camps for students and building a community center for the Jewish population. ","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","The U.S.-Baltic Foundation records, 1990-2013, documents the work of the U.S.-Baltic Foundation, a non-profit organization that aimed to support the democratization of the Baltic States after the collapse of the Soviet Union. The collection consists of financial reports, legal documents, newspaper articles, newsletters, magazines, and a small number of photographs documenting the Foundation's activities and programs in Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania.  It also contains briefings, which offer broad information on various projects, monthly events, and final reports on a project's progress.  Proposals, agreements, and modifications of  grants awarded by the U.S.-Baltic Foundation are also included. \n\nThe U.S.-Baltic Foundation (USBF) was founded in 1990 as a response to the collapse of the Soviet Union and the United States' desire to restore independence and democracy to the Baltic States. In 1990, they also obtained non-profit status. As part of the U.S. Democracy Network, the U.S.-Baltic Foundation received a 2.4-million-dollar budget from Congress to work with Baltic organizations and embassies to aid in the democratization of Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia. USBF held Baltic Municipal Management Seminars and established Municipal Training Centers, which taught local Baltic officials how to govern in a capitalist system. Municipal Training Centers were created in partnership with universities in the Baltic States, including the University of Tartu in Estonia, the University of Latvia, and the Kaunas Technological University in Lithuania, emphasizing decentralization and providing opportunities to visit America and observe how government operated in a capitalist society. USBF's operations slowed in 2011. In 2019, USBF donated $250,000, the last of its cash assets, to the University of Central Florida for a new dual undergraduate program in public administration and nonprofit management in partnership with Kaunas University of Technology in Lithuania.","UCF Special Collections","U.S.-Baltic Foundation","United States. 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Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Jeff Nelson in 2023 (Accession no. CFM2023_04)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Democratization","Democratization -- Europe, Eastern","Decentralization in government","newsletters","annual reports","financial statements"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Democratization","Democratization -- Europe, Eastern","Decentralization in government","newsletters","annual reports","financial statements"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6 Linear Feet 12 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["6 Linear Feet 12 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["newsletters","annual reports","financial statements"],"date_range_isim":[1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into four series as follows. Each series is arranged chronologically.\u0026#x202F;\n\u003cul style=\"list-style-type:none;\"\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eI. U.S.-Baltic Foundation Files, 1990 \u0026#x2013; 2008\u003c/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eII. Latvia Files, 1991-1998\u003c/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIII. Estonia Files, 1993-2001\u003c/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIV. Lithuania Files, 1992 \u0026#x2013; 2006\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into four series as follows. Each series is arranged chronologically. \n I. U.S.-Baltic Foundation Files, 1990 – 2008 II. Latvia Files, 1991-1998 III. Estonia Files, 1993-2001 IV. Lithuania Files, 1992 – 2006"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe U.S.-Baltic Foundation (USBF) was founded in 1990 as a response to the collapse of the Soviet Union and the United States' desire to restore independence and democracy to the Baltic States. In 1990, they also obtained non-profit status. As part of the U.S. Democracy Network, the U.S.-Baltic Foundation received a 2.4-million-dollar budget from Congress to work with Baltic organizations and embassies to aid in the democratization of Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia. USBF worked very closely with the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) on many of its projects and politicians from both U.S. political parties served on its board of trustees. USBF also received private support, accepting donations from American individuals and large non-profit organizations such as Pew Charitable Trusts and the Audrey Gruss Foundation. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe U.S.-Baltic Foundation held Baltic Municipal Management Seminars and established Municipal Training Centers, which taught local Baltic officials how to govern in a capitalist system. Municipal Training Centers were created in partnership with universities in the Baltic States, including the University of Tartu in Estonia, the University of Latvia, and the Kaunas Technological University in Lithuania, emphasizing decentralization and providing opportunities to visit America and observe how government operated in a capitalist society. The Foundation also worked to introduce free press to the Baltic states through exchange programs that allowed Baltic media personnel to visit news stations in Washington D.C. and Dallas, Texas. These visits gave Baltic media personnel examples of how the free press operated. USBF also had country-specific programs such as helping the Jewish community in Lithuania build a community center, creating an AIDS-Information and Support center in Estonia, and donating to the Latvian Society of Nature and Monuments Protection. USBF supported many organizations such as these and was a crucial part of democratizing the Baltic states. USBF's operations slowed in 2011. In 2019, USBF donated $250,000, the last of its cash assets, to the University of Central Florida for a new dual undergraduate program in public administration and nonprofit management in partnership with Kaunas University of Technology in Lithuania. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The U.S.-Baltic Foundation (USBF) was founded in 1990 as a response to the collapse of the Soviet Union and the United States' desire to restore independence and democracy to the Baltic States. In 1990, they also obtained non-profit status. As part of the U.S. Democracy Network, the U.S.-Baltic Foundation received a 2.4-million-dollar budget from Congress to work with Baltic organizations and embassies to aid in the democratization of Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia. USBF worked very closely with the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) on many of its projects and politicians from both U.S. political parties served on its board of trustees. USBF also received private support, accepting donations from American individuals and large non-profit organizations such as Pew Charitable Trusts and the Audrey Gruss Foundation. ","The U.S.-Baltic Foundation held Baltic Municipal Management Seminars and established Municipal Training Centers, which taught local Baltic officials how to govern in a capitalist system. Municipal Training Centers were created in partnership with universities in the Baltic States, including the University of Tartu in Estonia, the University of Latvia, and the Kaunas Technological University in Lithuania, emphasizing decentralization and providing opportunities to visit America and observe how government operated in a capitalist society. The Foundation also worked to introduce free press to the Baltic states through exchange programs that allowed Baltic media personnel to visit news stations in Washington D.C. and Dallas, Texas. These visits gave Baltic media personnel examples of how the free press operated. USBF also had country-specific programs such as helping the Jewish community in Lithuania build a community center, creating an AIDS-Information and Support center in Estonia, and donating to the Latvian Society of Nature and Monuments Protection. USBF supported many organizations such as these and was a crucial part of democratizing the Baltic states. USBF's operations slowed in 2011. In 2019, USBF donated $250,000, the last of its cash assets, to the University of Central Florida for a new dual undergraduate program in public administration and nonprofit management in partnership with Kaunas University of Technology in Lithuania. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], U.S.-Baltic Foundation records, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], U.S.-Baltic Foundation records, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by and finding aid prepared by Stanley Shen in 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by and finding aid prepared by Stanley Shen in 2024."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"https://archives.lib.umn.edu/repositories/6/resources/5880\"\u003eJoint Baltic American National Committee records\u003c/extref\u003e, Immigration History Research Center Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Joint Baltic American National Committee records , Immigration History Research Center Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe U.S.-Baltic Foundation records, 1990-2013, documents the work of the U.S.-Baltic Foundation, a non-profit organization that aimed to support the democratization of the Baltic States after the collapse of the Soviet Union. The collection consists of financial reports, legal documents, newspaper articles, newsletters, magazines, and a small number of photographs documenting the Foundation's activities and programs in Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania.  It also contains briefings, which offer broad information on various projects, monthly events, and final reports on a project's progress.  Proposals, agreements, and modifications of  grants awarded by the U.S.-Baltic Foundation are also included. This collection offers insight into American efforts to restore democracy in former Soviet states of Eastern Europe, steering Baltic states away from communism and encouraging free markets.  Through initiatives promoting press freedom, decentralization, and the creation of PhD programs in the Baltic States, the U.S.-Baltic Foundation significantly aided the Baltic States' transition to capitalism and democracy. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: U.S.-Baltic Foundation Files, 1990 \u0026#x2013; 2008, contain organizational records and major project files that document the U.S.-Baltic Foundation's work with multiple Baltic countries. It includes grant agreements, modifications, the U.S.-Baltic Foundation in media such as new clippings or articles, emails, newsletters, financial documents, legal documents, and reports about programs, such as the Baltic Municipal Training Institute. It also documents the Foundation's efforts to obtain non-profit status.  This series is arranged by like-item.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Latvian Files, 1991-1998, contain materials related to projects in Latvia. The series includes grant paperwork, emails, financial reports, and proposals. The files document the brand-new U.S.-Baltic Foundation's first contact with Latvian social programs.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Estonia Files, 1993-2001, contains materials related to projects in Estonia. The series includes grant paperwork, emails, and financial files. The U.S.-Baltic Foundation's work in Estonia is centered around protecting the environment. The U.S.-Baltic Foundation worked very closely with the Estonian Green Movement, providing financial aid.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV: Lithuanian files, 1992 \u0026#x2013; 2006, contain materials related to projects in Lithuania. The series includes grant paperwork, emails, thank you letters, correspondence with local authorities, and financial files. The U.S.-Baltic Foundation's activities in Lithuania demonstrate the organization's evolving role over time. Initially, the Foundation supported Lithuania in a similar way as the other states by creating a Municipal Training Center and the Kaunas Technological University in Lithuania. This Municipal Training Center taught local officials how to govern in a capitalist democracy. Later, the U.S.-Baltic Foundation began to focus on community growth, such as creating summer camps for students and building a community center for the Jewish population. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The U.S.-Baltic Foundation records, 1990-2013, documents the work of the U.S.-Baltic Foundation, a non-profit organization that aimed to support the democratization of the Baltic States after the collapse of the Soviet Union. The collection consists of financial reports, legal documents, newspaper articles, newsletters, magazines, and a small number of photographs documenting the Foundation's activities and programs in Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania.  It also contains briefings, which offer broad information on various projects, monthly events, and final reports on a project's progress.  Proposals, agreements, and modifications of  grants awarded by the U.S.-Baltic Foundation are also included. This collection offers insight into American efforts to restore democracy in former Soviet states of Eastern Europe, steering Baltic states away from communism and encouraging free markets.  Through initiatives promoting press freedom, decentralization, and the creation of PhD programs in the Baltic States, the U.S.-Baltic Foundation significantly aided the Baltic States' transition to capitalism and democracy. ","Series I: U.S.-Baltic Foundation Files, 1990 – 2008, contain organizational records and major project files that document the U.S.-Baltic Foundation's work with multiple Baltic countries. It includes grant agreements, modifications, the U.S.-Baltic Foundation in media such as new clippings or articles, emails, newsletters, financial documents, legal documents, and reports about programs, such as the Baltic Municipal Training Institute. It also documents the Foundation's efforts to obtain non-profit status.  This series is arranged by like-item.  ","Series II: Latvian Files, 1991-1998, contain materials related to projects in Latvia. The series includes grant paperwork, emails, financial reports, and proposals. The files document the brand-new U.S.-Baltic Foundation's first contact with Latvian social programs.  ","Series III: Estonia Files, 1993-2001, contains materials related to projects in Estonia. The series includes grant paperwork, emails, and financial files. The U.S.-Baltic Foundation's work in Estonia is centered around protecting the environment. The U.S.-Baltic Foundation worked very closely with the Estonian Green Movement, providing financial aid.  ","Series IV: Lithuanian files, 1992 – 2006, contain materials related to projects in Lithuania. The series includes grant paperwork, emails, thank you letters, correspondence with local authorities, and financial files. The U.S.-Baltic Foundation's activities in Lithuania demonstrate the organization's evolving role over time. Initially, the Foundation supported Lithuania in a similar way as the other states by creating a Municipal Training Center and the Kaunas Technological University in Lithuania. This Municipal Training Center taught local officials how to govern in a capitalist democracy. Later, the U.S.-Baltic Foundation began to focus on community growth, such as creating summer camps for students and building a community center for the Jewish population. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Copyright Statement"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7ce0e7f5258c72c34f947e506f6800df\"\u003eThe U.S.-Baltic Foundation records, 1990-2013, documents the work of the U.S.-Baltic Foundation, a non-profit organization that aimed to support the democratization of the Baltic States after the collapse of the Soviet Union. The collection consists of financial reports, legal documents, newspaper articles, newsletters, magazines, and a small number of photographs documenting the Foundation's activities and programs in Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania.  It also contains briefings, which offer broad information on various projects, monthly events, and final reports on a project's progress.  Proposals, agreements, and modifications of  grants awarded by the U.S.-Baltic Foundation are also included. \n\nThe U.S.-Baltic Foundation (USBF) was founded in 1990 as a response to the collapse of the Soviet Union and the United States' desire to restore independence and democracy to the Baltic States. In 1990, they also obtained non-profit status. As part of the U.S. Democracy Network, the U.S.-Baltic Foundation received a 2.4-million-dollar budget from Congress to work with Baltic organizations and embassies to aid in the democratization of Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia. USBF held Baltic Municipal Management Seminars and established Municipal Training Centers, which taught local Baltic officials how to govern in a capitalist system. Municipal Training Centers were created in partnership with universities in the Baltic States, including the University of Tartu in Estonia, the University of Latvia, and the Kaunas Technological University in Lithuania, emphasizing decentralization and providing opportunities to visit America and observe how government operated in a capitalist society. USBF's operations slowed in 2011. In 2019, USBF donated $250,000, the last of its cash assets, to the University of Central Florida for a new dual undergraduate program in public administration and nonprofit management in partnership with Kaunas University of Technology in Lithuania.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The U.S.-Baltic Foundation records, 1990-2013, documents the work of the U.S.-Baltic Foundation, a non-profit organization that aimed to support the democratization of the Baltic States after the collapse of the Soviet Union. The collection consists of financial reports, legal documents, newspaper articles, newsletters, magazines, and a small number of photographs documenting the Foundation's activities and programs in Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania.  It also contains briefings, which offer broad information on various projects, monthly events, and final reports on a project's progress.  Proposals, agreements, and modifications of  grants awarded by the U.S.-Baltic Foundation are also included. \n\nThe U.S.-Baltic Foundation (USBF) was founded in 1990 as a response to the collapse of the Soviet Union and the United States' desire to restore independence and democracy to the Baltic States. In 1990, they also obtained non-profit status. As part of the U.S. Democracy Network, the U.S.-Baltic Foundation received a 2.4-million-dollar budget from Congress to work with Baltic organizations and embassies to aid in the democratization of Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia. USBF held Baltic Municipal Management Seminars and established Municipal Training Centers, which taught local Baltic officials how to govern in a capitalist system. Municipal Training Centers were created in partnership with universities in the Baltic States, including the University of Tartu in Estonia, the University of Latvia, and the Kaunas Technological University in Lithuania, emphasizing decentralization and providing opportunities to visit America and observe how government operated in a capitalist society. USBF's operations slowed in 2011. In 2019, USBF donated $250,000, the last of its cash assets, to the University of Central Florida for a new dual undergraduate program in public administration and nonprofit management in partnership with Kaunas University of Technology in Lithuania."],"names_coll_ssim":["U.S.-Baltic Foundation","United States. Agency for International Development","National Endowment for Democracy (U.S.)"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","U.S.-Baltic Foundation","United States. Agency for International Development","National Endowment for Democracy (U.S.)"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","U.S.-Baltic Foundation","United States. Agency for International Development","National Endowment for Democracy (U.S.)"],"language_ssim":["English Latvian Lithuanian Estonian"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":208,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870857903575924736,"_root_":"8e775b6d2c750c409e16ae47","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:05:32.282Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8e775b6d2c750c409e16ae47_aspace_9a66a2a38f9021bc7b5bfca887b3fc55"}},{"id":"514ec64c5f9049888398835d_aspace_115891","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Coming Out - Articles, 2001","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/514ec64c5f9049888398835d_aspace_115891#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_115891","ref_ssm":["aspace_115891","aspace_115891"],"id":"514ec64c5f9049888398835d_aspace_115891","title_filing_ssi":"Coming Out - Articles","title_ssm":["Coming Out - Articles"],"title_tesim":["Coming Out - Articles"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2001"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2001"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Coming Out - Articles, 2001"],"text":["Coming Out - Articles, 2001","Equality Florida records, 1994 - 2008, Date acquired: 00/00/2012","Research: A - C","Folder 15","/repositories/2/archival_objects/112884","box 17","folder 15"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["514ec64c5f9049888398835d","514ec64c5f9049888398835d_aspace_115876"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Equality Florida records, 1994 - 2008, Date acquired: 00/00/2012","Research: A - C"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Equality Florida records, 1994 - 2008, Date acquired: 00/00/2012","Research: A - C"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Box"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 15","/repositories/2/archival_objects/112884"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Equality Florida records, 1994 - 2008, Date acquired: 00/00/2012"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":277,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"date_range_isim":[2001],"containers_ssim":["box 17","folder 15"],"_nest_path_":"/components#16/components#14","_nest_parent_":"514ec64c5f9049888398835d_aspace_115876","_root_":"514ec64c5f9049888398835d","_version_":1872040145508630528,"timestamp":"2026-07-29T09:16:46.045Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"514ec64c5f9049888398835d","title_ssm":["Equality Florida records"],"title_tesim":["Equality Florida records"],"ead_ssi":"514ec64c5f9049888398835d","unitdate_ssm":["1994 - 2008","Date acquired: 00/00/2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1994 - 2008"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 00/00/2012"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-2008-09","/repositories/2/resources/496"],"text":["MS-2008-09","/repositories/2/resources/496","Equality Florida records, 1994 - 2008, Date acquired: 00/00/2012","Florida -- Politics and government","Tampa (Fla.) -- Politics and government","Queer studies -- Tampa (Fla.)","Homosexuality -- Laws and legislation","Homosexuality -- Florida","Gay rights -- United States","The collection is arranged by material type:","1. Corporate Documents","2. Projects","3. Research","4. Audio/Visual Materials","5. Miscellaneous","Equality Florida is the largest civil rights organization dedicated to securing full equality for Florida's lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LBGT) community. Utilizing lobbying, grassroots organizing, education and coalition building, Equality Florida is helping to change Florida to ensure that no one suffers harassment or discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity.  Equality Florida was formed in 1997 and has defeated every piece of anti-LBGT legislation filed in Tallahassee for 14 years in a row. Equality Florida consists of two organizations: Equality Florida, Inc., which focuses on advocating for and against new laws that impact lives of LBGT Floridians and mobilizing pro-equality voters; and Equality Florida Institute, Inc. which  focuses on educating the public, elected officials, and businesses about issues of importance to the LGBT community.","Website: www.eqfl.org/about","Note written by Kevin Arms, 2013","processed","Donald L. Bentz collection, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","National Center for Lesbian Rights [St. Petersburg Office] Collection, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","Jan K. Platt Papers, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","Bobby Smith photograph collection, Special Collections Department,  Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","Gozemba, Patricia A, and Karen Kahn.  Courting Equality: A Documentary History of America's First Legal Same-Sex Marriages . Boston: Beacon Press, 2007. Print.","Smith, Lance S.  The Effects of Homophobia, Legislation, and Local Policies on Heterosexual Pupil Services Professionals' Likelihood of Incorporating Gay Affirming Behaviors in Their Professional Work with Sexual Minority Youths in Public Schools . Tampa, Fla.: University of South Florida, 2007. Internet resource.","This collection of records is primarily comprised of documents relating to the day-to-day operations of Equality Florida, formerly known as the Human Rights Task Force, as well as documents regarding projects conducted by Equality Florida. Also in the collection are research articles on a variety of topics related to the LGBT community, including the several Human Rights Ordinances put forth in the Tampa Bay area, Youth Lobby Days, the 1999 LGBT Rights Rally held in Tallahasee, Safe Schools Summits and Equality Florida's work on the SAVE Dade project.  The collection also contains miscellaneous documents such as news articles dealing with Equality Florida's many projects and press releases, photographs, scrapbooks, and audio/visual materials.","None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","A collection of documents concerning the work of Equality Florida, including projects, corporate documents and research.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Equality Florida","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-2008-09","/repositories/2/resources/496"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1994 - 2008, Date acquired: 00/00/2012"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Equality Florida records, 1994 - 2008, Date acquired: 00/00/2012"],"collection_title_tesim":["Equality Florida records, 1994 - 2008, Date acquired: 00/00/2012"],"collection_ssim":["Equality Florida records, 1994 - 2008, Date acquired: 00/00/2012"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Florida -- Politics and government","Tampa (Fla.) -- Politics and government"],"geogname_ssim":["Florida -- Politics and government","Tampa (Fla.) -- Politics and government"],"creator_ssm":["Equality Florida"],"creator_ssim":["Equality Florida"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Equality Florida"],"creators_ssim":["Equality Florida"],"places_ssim":["Florida -- Politics and government","Tampa (Fla.) -- Politics and government"],"access_terms_ssm":["None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Equality Florida","Donation"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Queer studies -- Tampa (Fla.)","Homosexuality -- Laws and legislation","Homosexuality -- Florida","Gay rights -- United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Queer studies -- Tampa (Fla.)","Homosexuality -- Laws and legislation","Homosexuality -- Florida","Gay rights -- United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13.72 Linear Feet","32  boxes"],"extent_tesim":["13.72 Linear Feet","32  boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by material type:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1. Corporate Documents\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2. Projects\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e3. Research\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e4. Audio/Visual Materials\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e5. Miscellaneous\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type:","1. Corporate Documents","2. Projects","3. Research","4. Audio/Visual Materials","5. Miscellaneous"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEquality Florida is the largest civil rights organization dedicated to securing full equality for Florida's lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LBGT) community. Utilizing lobbying, grassroots organizing, education and coalition building, Equality Florida is helping to change Florida to ensure that no one suffers harassment or discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity.\u0026#xA0; Equality Florida was formed in 1997 and has defeated every piece of anti-LBGT legislation filed in Tallahassee for 14 years in a row. Equality Florida consists of two organizations: Equality Florida, Inc., which focuses on advocating for and against new laws that impact lives of LBGT Floridians and mobilizing pro-equality voters; and Equality Florida Institute, Inc. which\u0026#xA0; focuses on educating the public, elected officials, and businesses about issues of importance to the LGBT community.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWebsite: www.eqfl.org/about\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Kevin Arms, 2013\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Equality Florida is the largest civil rights organization dedicated to securing full equality for Florida's lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LBGT) community. Utilizing lobbying, grassroots organizing, education and coalition building, Equality Florida is helping to change Florida to ensure that no one suffers harassment or discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity.  Equality Florida was formed in 1997 and has defeated every piece of anti-LBGT legislation filed in Tallahassee for 14 years in a row. Equality Florida consists of two organizations: Equality Florida, Inc., which focuses on advocating for and against new laws that impact lives of LBGT Floridians and mobilizing pro-equality voters; and Equality Florida Institute, Inc. which  focuses on educating the public, elected officials, and businesses about issues of importance to the LGBT community.","Website: www.eqfl.org/about","Note written by Kevin Arms, 2013"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEquality Florida Records, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Equality Florida Records, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eprocessed\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["processed"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDonald L. Bentz collection, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNational Center for Lesbian Rights [St. Petersburg Office] Collection, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJan K. Platt Papers, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBobby Smith photograph collection, Special Collections Department,\u0026#xA0; Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGozemba, Patricia A, and Karen Kahn. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCourting Equality: A Documentary History of America's First Legal Same-Sex Marriages\u003c/emph\u003e. Boston: Beacon Press, 2007. Print.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSmith, Lance S. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Effects of Homophobia, Legislation, and Local Policies on Heterosexual Pupil Services Professionals' Likelihood of Incorporating Gay Affirming Behaviors in Their Professional Work with Sexual Minority Youths in Public Schools\u003c/emph\u003e. Tampa, Fla.: University of South Florida, 2007. Internet resource.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Related Publications"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Donald L. Bentz collection, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","National Center for Lesbian Rights [St. Petersburg Office] Collection, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","Jan K. Platt Papers, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","Bobby Smith photograph collection, Special Collections Department,  Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","Gozemba, Patricia A, and Karen Kahn.  Courting Equality: A Documentary History of America's First Legal Same-Sex Marriages . Boston: Beacon Press, 2007. Print.","Smith, Lance S.  The Effects of Homophobia, Legislation, and Local Policies on Heterosexual Pupil Services Professionals' Likelihood of Incorporating Gay Affirming Behaviors in Their Professional Work with Sexual Minority Youths in Public Schools . Tampa, Fla.: University of South Florida, 2007. Internet resource."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection of records is primarily comprised of documents relating to the day-to-day operations of Equality Florida, formerly known as the Human Rights Task Force, as well as documents regarding projects conducted by Equality Florida. Also in the collection are research articles on a variety of topics related to the LGBT community, including the several Human Rights Ordinances put forth in the Tampa Bay area, Youth Lobby Days, the 1999 LGBT Rights Rally held in Tallahasee, Safe Schools Summits and Equality Florida's work on the SAVE Dade project.\u0026#xA0; The collection also contains miscellaneous documents such as news articles dealing with Equality Florida's many projects and press releases, photographs, scrapbooks, and audio/visual materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection of records is primarily comprised of documents relating to the day-to-day operations of Equality Florida, formerly known as the Human Rights Task Force, as well as documents regarding projects conducted by Equality Florida. Also in the collection are research articles on a variety of topics related to the LGBT community, including the several Human Rights Ordinances put forth in the Tampa Bay area, Youth Lobby Days, the 1999 LGBT Rights Rally held in Tallahasee, Safe Schools Summits and Equality Florida's work on the SAVE Dade project.  The collection also contains miscellaneous documents such as news articles dealing with Equality Florida's many projects and press releases, photographs, scrapbooks, and audio/visual materials."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0; The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_55a3bbfa1f2f3fa8d38f9c1e9f56c85d\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eA collection of documents concerning the work of Equality Florida, including projects, corporate documents and research.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of documents concerning the work of Equality Florida, including projects, corporate documents and research."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Equality Florida"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Equality Florida"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":505,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1872040145508630528,"_root_":"514ec64c5f9049888398835d","timestamp":"2026-07-29T09:16:46.045Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/514ec64c5f9049888398835d_aspace_115891"}},{"id":"038eab2f4ac6439ad20d2934_aspace_1a8994a62468f7cad07c759133741b1c","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Committee of 100, Tampa Economic Development Groups Nomination Letters, 2001-2002","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/038eab2f4ac6439ad20d2934_aspace_1a8994a62468f7cad07c759133741b1c#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_1a8994a62468f7cad07c759133741b1c","ref_ssm":["aspace_1a8994a62468f7cad07c759133741b1c","aspace_1a8994a62468f7cad07c759133741b1c"],"id":"038eab2f4ac6439ad20d2934_aspace_1a8994a62468f7cad07c759133741b1c","title_filing_ssi":"Committee of 100, Tampa Economic Development Groups Nomination Letters","title_ssm":["Committee of 100, Tampa Economic Development Groups Nomination Letters"],"title_tesim":["Committee of 100, Tampa Economic Development Groups Nomination Letters"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["2001-2002"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2001-2002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Committee of 100, Tampa Economic Development Groups Nomination Letters, 2001-2002"],"text":["Committee of 100, Tampa Economic Development Groups Nomination Letters, 2001-2002","Robin Ronne papers, 1999-2010, Acquired","Greater Tampa Chamber of Commerce","/repositories/2/archival_objects/217611","box 3","folder 5"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["038eab2f4ac6439ad20d2934","038eab2f4ac6439ad20d2934_aspace_493d2169350ed40e723903c44d7d0df0"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Robin Ronne papers, 1999-2010, Acquired","Greater Tampa Chamber of Commerce"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Robin Ronne papers, 1999-2010, Acquired","Greater Tampa Chamber of Commerce"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Box"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/2/archival_objects/217611"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Robin Ronne papers, 1999-2010, Acquired"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":24,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["None"],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's Website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"date_range_isim":[2001,2002],"containers_ssim":["box 3","folder 5"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#4","_nest_parent_":"038eab2f4ac6439ad20d2934_aspace_493d2169350ed40e723903c44d7d0df0","_root_":"038eab2f4ac6439ad20d2934","_version_":1874758045887627264,"timestamp":"2026-08-28T09:16:37.839Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"038eab2f4ac6439ad20d2934","title_ssm":["Robin Ronne papers"],"title_tesim":["Robin Ronne papers"],"ead_ssi":"038eab2f4ac6439ad20d2934","unitdate_ssm":["1999-2010","Acquired"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1999-2010"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Acquired"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.2026.03","/repositories/2/resources/769"],"text":["MS.2026.03","/repositories/2/resources/769","Robin Ronne papers, 1999-2010, Acquired","Tampa (Fla.)","Hillsborough County (Fla.)","Economic development","Florida -- Economic conditions","Business enterprises","None","The collection is arranged by subject and alphabetically by box.","Robin Ronne (b. 1950) is an economic development professional with a career spanning leadership roles in Florida's public–private development initiatives. He attended Louisiana State University in 1983 and later the University of Oklahoma, where he completed the Economic Development Institute program between 1992 and 1994.","Ronne served as President of the Florida Economic Development Council from 1984 to 1985. From 1991 to 2005, he was Senior Vice President of the Greater Tampa Chamber of Commerce's Committee of 100, where he managed and directed the primary economic development organization for Tampa and Hillsborough County. During his tenure, the organization received international recognition, including being twice named among the top ten economic development groups worldwide by Site Selection magazine and earning honors for top economic development deals, including projects involving Citigroup and JPMorgan Chase. He was also recognized as an inaugural recipient of the CoreNet Global Economic Development Leadership and Accomplishment Award and was named a National/International Newsmaker of the Month by Site Selection.","In addition to his work in Tampa, Ronne later served as Managing Director of the CEO Council for the Greater Fort Lauderdale Alliance from 2008 to 2015. During this period, the organization achieved several distinctions, including the 2012 inaugural Business Facilities Economic Development Achievement Award in Public-Private Partnerships and an Economic Development Excellence Award for large communities in 2013. The region was also recognized among Area Development magazine's \"100 Leading Locations\" in 2013 and 2015, and the organization was a finalist for the 2014 CoreNet Global H. Bruce Russell Global Innovators Award.","The collection includes committee documents, reports, surveys, and other research from Robin Ronne on various economic developments in Tampa and Hillsborough County that occurred in the early 2000s, including developments such as Citigroup Center and Chase Fountain Square. It also highlights the involvement of Ronne in these initiatives through his service on the Greater Tampa Chamber of Commerce's Committee of 100.","The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's Website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.2026.03","/repositories/2/resources/769"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1999-2010, Acquired"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robin Ronne papers, 1999-2010, Acquired"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robin Ronne papers, 1999-2010, Acquired"],"collection_ssim":["Robin Ronne papers, 1999-2010, Acquired"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Tampa (Fla.)","Hillsborough County (Fla.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Tampa (Fla.)","Hillsborough County (Fla.)"],"places_ssim":["Tampa (Fla.)","Hillsborough County (Fla.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's Website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donation, Robin Ronne"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Economic development","Florida -- Economic conditions","Business enterprises"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Economic development","Florida -- Economic conditions","Business enterprises"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 boxes","1.25 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["3 boxes","1.25 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2022],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["None"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by subject and alphabetically by box.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by subject and alphabetically by box."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobin Ronne (b. 1950) is an economic development professional with a career spanning leadership roles in Florida's public\u0026#x2013;private development initiatives. He attended Louisiana State University in 1983 and later the University of Oklahoma, where he completed the Economic Development Institute program between 1992 and 1994.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRonne served as President of the Florida Economic Development Council from 1984 to 1985. From 1991 to 2005, he was Senior Vice President of the Greater Tampa Chamber of Commerce's Committee of 100, where he managed and directed the primary economic development organization for Tampa and Hillsborough County. During his tenure, the organization received international recognition, including being twice named among the top ten economic development groups worldwide by Site Selection magazine and earning honors for top economic development deals, including projects involving Citigroup and JPMorgan Chase. He was also recognized as an inaugural recipient of the CoreNet Global Economic Development Leadership and Accomplishment Award and was named a National/International Newsmaker of the Month by Site Selection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to his work in Tampa, Ronne later served as Managing Director of the CEO Council for the Greater Fort Lauderdale Alliance from 2008 to 2015. During this period, the organization achieved several distinctions, including the 2012 inaugural Business Facilities Economic Development Achievement Award in Public-Private Partnerships and an Economic Development Excellence Award for large communities in 2013. The region was also recognized among Area Development magazine's \"100 Leading Locations\" in 2013 and 2015, and the organization was a finalist for the 2014 CoreNet Global H. Bruce Russell Global Innovators Award.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robin Ronne (b. 1950) is an economic development professional with a career spanning leadership roles in Florida's public–private development initiatives. He attended Louisiana State University in 1983 and later the University of Oklahoma, where he completed the Economic Development Institute program between 1992 and 1994.","Ronne served as President of the Florida Economic Development Council from 1984 to 1985. From 1991 to 2005, he was Senior Vice President of the Greater Tampa Chamber of Commerce's Committee of 100, where he managed and directed the primary economic development organization for Tampa and Hillsborough County. During his tenure, the organization received international recognition, including being twice named among the top ten economic development groups worldwide by Site Selection magazine and earning honors for top economic development deals, including projects involving Citigroup and JPMorgan Chase. He was also recognized as an inaugural recipient of the CoreNet Global Economic Development Leadership and Accomplishment Award and was named a National/International Newsmaker of the Month by Site Selection.","In addition to his work in Tampa, Ronne later served as Managing Director of the CEO Council for the Greater Fort Lauderdale Alliance from 2008 to 2015. During this period, the organization achieved several distinctions, including the 2012 inaugural Business Facilities Economic Development Achievement Award in Public-Private Partnerships and an Economic Development Excellence Award for large communities in 2013. The region was also recognized among Area Development magazine's \"100 Leading Locations\" in 2013 and 2015, and the organization was a finalist for the 2014 CoreNet Global H. Bruce Russell Global Innovators Award."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobin Ronne papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Robin Ronne papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes committee documents, reports, surveys, and other research from Robin Ronne on various economic developments in Tampa and Hillsborough County that occurred in the early 2000s, including developments such as Citigroup Center and Chase Fountain Square. It also highlights the involvement of Ronne in these initiatives through his service on the Greater Tampa Chamber of Commerce's Committee of 100.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes committee documents, reports, surveys, and other research from Robin Ronne on various economic developments in Tampa and Hillsborough County that occurred in the early 2000s, including developments such as Citigroup Center and Chase Fountain Square. It also highlights the involvement of Ronne in these initiatives through his service on the Greater Tampa Chamber of Commerce's Committee of 100."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's Website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's Website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":25,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1874758045887627264,"_root_":"038eab2f4ac6439ad20d2934","timestamp":"2026-08-28T09:16:37.839Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/038eab2f4ac6439ad20d2934_aspace_1a8994a62468f7cad07c759133741b1c"}},{"id":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_199cddf21a4a18a91695c5445fee7387","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Communist Era (1 of 4), 1960-2006, Undated","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_199cddf21a4a18a91695c5445fee7387#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_199cddf21a4a18a91695c5445fee7387","ref_ssm":["aspace_199cddf21a4a18a91695c5445fee7387","aspace_199cddf21a4a18a91695c5445fee7387"],"id":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_199cddf21a4a18a91695c5445fee7387","title_filing_ssi":"Communist Era (1 of 4)","title_ssm":["Communist Era (1 of 4)"],"title_tesim":["Communist Era (1 of 4)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1960-2006, Undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1960-2006, Undated"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Communist Era (1 of 4), 1960-2006, Undated"],"text":["Communist Era (1 of 4), 1960-2006, Undated","José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated","Folder 11","/repositories/4/archival_objects/53980","box 7","folder 11"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_e0da8a351e89d497ae16650ae623f50e"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 11","/repositories/4/archival_objects/53980"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":102,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006],"containers_ssim":["box 7","folder 11"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#3","_nest_parent_":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_e0da8a351e89d497ae16650ae623f50e","_root_":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","_version_":1870857755411087360,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:03:10.972Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","title_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection"],"title_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection"],"ead_ssi":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","unitdate_ssm":["1887-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1887-2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204"],"text":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204","José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs","Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","The entire collection is open for research.","José Guerra Alemán was born to José Guerra and Herminia Alemán-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as José Guerra Alemán, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pepín. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pepín. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.","In his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ejército) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 División de Infantería) called División Relámpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.","Once he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of Él País, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.","One of those encounters, José Guerra Alemán climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with José García and Eduardo Hernández (Guayo) in the same company. José Guerra Alemán directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.","With his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote Aún Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayorías Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (Díalogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biografía de su Abuelo el General José Braulio Alemán). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.","Understanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of José Guerra Alemán's identity. Jose Guerra Alemán's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named José Braulio Guerra Alemán fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, José Manuel Alemán, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ramón Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Auténtico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.","He rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alemán. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business.","Materials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately.","Books collected by José Guerra Alemán can be found by performing a series search for \"José Guerra Alemán Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog.","This collection was arranged in seven series:","\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alemán took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.","\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alemán used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.","\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. ","\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of José G. Alemán and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".","\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.","\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\"","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder.","The collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist José Guerra Alemán. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita.","UCF Special Collections","Guerra Alemán, José","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1887-2013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"collection_title_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"collection_ssim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"geogname_ssim":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"creator_ssm":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creator_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creators_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"places_ssim":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated by Carlos Guerra, José Guerra Alemán's son, to the University of Central Florida Libraries in 2014. (CFM2014_07)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["17.5 Linear Feet 20 boxes, 1 Flat File"],"extent_tesim":["17.5 Linear Feet 20 boxes, 1 Flat File"],"genreform_ssim":["correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"date_range_isim":[1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n was born to Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra and Herminia Alem\u0026#xE1;n-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pep\u0026#xED;n. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pep\u0026#xED;n. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ej\u0026#xE9;rcito) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 Divisi\u0026#xF3;n de Infanter\u0026#xED;a) called Divisi\u0026#xF3;n Rel\u0026#xE1;mpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOnce he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of \u0026#xC9;l Pa\u0026#xED;s, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOne of those encounters, Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with Jos\u0026#xE9; Garc\u0026#xED;a and Eduardo Hern\u0026#xE1;ndez (Guayo) in the same company. Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWith his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote A\u0026#xFA;n Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayor\u0026#xED;as Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (D\u0026#xED;alogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biograf\u0026#xED;a de su Abuelo el General Jos\u0026#xE9; Braulio Alem\u0026#xE1;n). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnderstanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n's identity. Jose Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named Jos\u0026#xE9; Braulio Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, Jos\u0026#xE9; Manuel Alem\u0026#xE1;n, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ram\u0026#xF3;n Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Aut\u0026#xE9;ntico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alem\u0026#xE1;n. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán was born to José Guerra and Herminia Alemán-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as José Guerra Alemán, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pepín. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pepín. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.","In his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ejército) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 División de Infantería) called División Relámpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.","Once he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of Él País, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.","One of those encounters, José Guerra Alemán climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with José García and Eduardo Hernández (Guayo) in the same company. José Guerra Alemán directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.","With his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote Aún Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayorías Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (Díalogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biografía de su Abuelo el General José Braulio Alemán). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.","Understanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of José Guerra Alemán's identity. Jose Guerra Alemán's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named José Braulio Guerra Alemán fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, José Manuel Alemán, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ramón Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Auténtico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.","He rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alemán. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n Collection, Special Collections and UniversityArchives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, Special Collections and UniversityArchives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Materials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks collected by Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n can be found by performing a series search for \"Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Books collected by José Guerra Alemán can be found by performing a series search for \"José Guerra Alemán Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was arranged in seven series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alem\u0026#xE1;n took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alem\u0026#xE1;n used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of Jos\u0026#xE9; G. Alem\u0026#xE1;n and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection was arranged in seven series:","\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alemán took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.","\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alemán used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.","\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. ","\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of José G. Alemán and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".","\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.","\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e4d41ff341ce7470c0d40282c3f71dd8\"\u003eThe collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist José Guerra Alemán. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita."],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Guerra Alemán, José"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":282,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870857755411087360,"_root_":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:03:10.972Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_199cddf21a4a18a91695c5445fee7387"}},{"id":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_cad6600c584f2247e8cfe7180e9ff7cb","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Communist Era (2 of 4), 1939-2004, Undated, Undated","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_cad6600c584f2247e8cfe7180e9ff7cb#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_cad6600c584f2247e8cfe7180e9ff7cb","ref_ssm":["aspace_cad6600c584f2247e8cfe7180e9ff7cb","aspace_cad6600c584f2247e8cfe7180e9ff7cb"],"id":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_cad6600c584f2247e8cfe7180e9ff7cb","title_filing_ssi":"Communist Era (2 of 4)","title_ssm":["Communist Era (2 of 4)"],"title_tesim":["Communist Era (2 of 4)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1939-2004, Undated, Undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1939-2004, Undated, Undated"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Communist Era (2 of 4), 1939-2004, Undated, Undated"],"text":["Communist Era (2 of 4), 1939-2004, Undated, Undated","José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated","Folder 12","/repositories/4/archival_objects/53981","box 7","folder 12"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_e0da8a351e89d497ae16650ae623f50e"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 12","/repositories/4/archival_objects/53981"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":103,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004],"containers_ssim":["box 7","folder 12"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#4","_nest_parent_":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_e0da8a351e89d497ae16650ae623f50e","_root_":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","_version_":1870857755411087360,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:03:10.972Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","title_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection"],"title_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection"],"ead_ssi":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","unitdate_ssm":["1887-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1887-2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204"],"text":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204","José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs","Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","The entire collection is open for research.","José Guerra Alemán was born to José Guerra and Herminia Alemán-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as José Guerra Alemán, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pepín. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pepín. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.","In his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ejército) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 División de Infantería) called División Relámpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.","Once he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of Él País, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.","One of those encounters, José Guerra Alemán climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with José García and Eduardo Hernández (Guayo) in the same company. José Guerra Alemán directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.","With his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote Aún Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayorías Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (Díalogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biografía de su Abuelo el General José Braulio Alemán). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.","Understanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of José Guerra Alemán's identity. Jose Guerra Alemán's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named José Braulio Guerra Alemán fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, José Manuel Alemán, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ramón Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Auténtico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.","He rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alemán. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business.","Materials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately.","Books collected by José Guerra Alemán can be found by performing a series search for \"José Guerra Alemán Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog.","This collection was arranged in seven series:","\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alemán took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.","\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alemán used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.","\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. ","\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of José G. Alemán and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".","\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.","\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\"","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder.","The collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist José Guerra Alemán. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita.","UCF Special Collections","Guerra Alemán, José","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1887-2013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"collection_title_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"collection_ssim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"geogname_ssim":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"creator_ssm":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creator_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creators_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"places_ssim":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated by Carlos Guerra, José Guerra Alemán's son, to the University of Central Florida Libraries in 2014. (CFM2014_07)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["17.5 Linear Feet 20 boxes, 1 Flat File"],"extent_tesim":["17.5 Linear Feet 20 boxes, 1 Flat File"],"genreform_ssim":["correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"date_range_isim":[1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n was born to Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra and Herminia Alem\u0026#xE1;n-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pep\u0026#xED;n. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pep\u0026#xED;n. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ej\u0026#xE9;rcito) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 Divisi\u0026#xF3;n de Infanter\u0026#xED;a) called Divisi\u0026#xF3;n Rel\u0026#xE1;mpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOnce he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of \u0026#xC9;l Pa\u0026#xED;s, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOne of those encounters, Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with Jos\u0026#xE9; Garc\u0026#xED;a and Eduardo Hern\u0026#xE1;ndez (Guayo) in the same company. Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWith his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote A\u0026#xFA;n Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayor\u0026#xED;as Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (D\u0026#xED;alogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biograf\u0026#xED;a de su Abuelo el General Jos\u0026#xE9; Braulio Alem\u0026#xE1;n). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnderstanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n's identity. Jose Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named Jos\u0026#xE9; Braulio Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, Jos\u0026#xE9; Manuel Alem\u0026#xE1;n, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ram\u0026#xF3;n Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Aut\u0026#xE9;ntico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alem\u0026#xE1;n. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán was born to José Guerra and Herminia Alemán-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as José Guerra Alemán, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pepín. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pepín. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.","In his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ejército) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 División de Infantería) called División Relámpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.","Once he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of Él País, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.","One of those encounters, José Guerra Alemán climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with José García and Eduardo Hernández (Guayo) in the same company. José Guerra Alemán directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.","With his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote Aún Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayorías Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (Díalogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biografía de su Abuelo el General José Braulio Alemán). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.","Understanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of José Guerra Alemán's identity. Jose Guerra Alemán's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named José Braulio Guerra Alemán fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, José Manuel Alemán, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ramón Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Auténtico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.","He rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alemán. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n Collection, Special Collections and UniversityArchives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, Special Collections and UniversityArchives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Materials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks collected by Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n can be found by performing a series search for \"Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Books collected by José Guerra Alemán can be found by performing a series search for \"José Guerra Alemán Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was arranged in seven series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alem\u0026#xE1;n took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alem\u0026#xE1;n used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of Jos\u0026#xE9; G. Alem\u0026#xE1;n and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection was arranged in seven series:","\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alemán took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.","\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alemán used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.","\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. ","\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of José G. Alemán and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".","\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.","\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e4d41ff341ce7470c0d40282c3f71dd8\"\u003eThe collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist José Guerra Alemán. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita."],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Guerra Alemán, José"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":282,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870857755411087360,"_root_":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:03:10.972Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_cad6600c584f2247e8cfe7180e9ff7cb"}},{"id":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_adc28726cd7a0b8371986f8d2e7938dc","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Communist Era (4 of 4), 1960-2002, Undated, Undated","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_adc28726cd7a0b8371986f8d2e7938dc#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_adc28726cd7a0b8371986f8d2e7938dc","ref_ssm":["aspace_adc28726cd7a0b8371986f8d2e7938dc","aspace_adc28726cd7a0b8371986f8d2e7938dc"],"id":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_adc28726cd7a0b8371986f8d2e7938dc","title_filing_ssi":"Communist Era (4 of 4)","title_ssm":["Communist Era (4 of 4)"],"title_tesim":["Communist Era (4 of 4)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1960-2002, Undated, Undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1960-2002, Undated, Undated"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Communist Era (4 of 4), 1960-2002, Undated, Undated"],"text":["Communist Era (4 of 4), 1960-2002, Undated, Undated","José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated","Folder 14","/repositories/4/archival_objects/53983","box 7","folder 14"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_e0da8a351e89d497ae16650ae623f50e"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 14","/repositories/4/archival_objects/53983"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":105,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002],"containers_ssim":["box 7","folder 14"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#6","_nest_parent_":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_e0da8a351e89d497ae16650ae623f50e","_root_":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","_version_":1870857755411087360,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:03:10.972Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","title_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection"],"title_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection"],"ead_ssi":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","unitdate_ssm":["1887-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1887-2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204"],"text":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204","José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs","Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","The entire collection is open for research.","José Guerra Alemán was born to José Guerra and Herminia Alemán-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as José Guerra Alemán, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pepín. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pepín. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.","In his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ejército) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 División de Infantería) called División Relámpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.","Once he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of Él País, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.","One of those encounters, José Guerra Alemán climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with José García and Eduardo Hernández (Guayo) in the same company. José Guerra Alemán directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.","With his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote Aún Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayorías Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (Díalogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biografía de su Abuelo el General José Braulio Alemán). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.","Understanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of José Guerra Alemán's identity. Jose Guerra Alemán's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named José Braulio Guerra Alemán fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, José Manuel Alemán, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ramón Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Auténtico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.","He rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alemán. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business.","Materials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately.","Books collected by José Guerra Alemán can be found by performing a series search for \"José Guerra Alemán Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog.","This collection was arranged in seven series:","\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alemán took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.","\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alemán used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.","\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. ","\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of José G. Alemán and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".","\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.","\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\"","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder.","The collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist José Guerra Alemán. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita.","UCF Special Collections","Guerra Alemán, José","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1887-2013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"collection_title_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"collection_ssim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"geogname_ssim":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"creator_ssm":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creator_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creators_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"places_ssim":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated by Carlos Guerra, José Guerra Alemán's son, to the University of Central Florida Libraries in 2014. (CFM2014_07)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["17.5 Linear Feet 20 boxes, 1 Flat File"],"extent_tesim":["17.5 Linear Feet 20 boxes, 1 Flat File"],"genreform_ssim":["correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"date_range_isim":[1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n was born to Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra and Herminia Alem\u0026#xE1;n-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pep\u0026#xED;n. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pep\u0026#xED;n. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ej\u0026#xE9;rcito) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 Divisi\u0026#xF3;n de Infanter\u0026#xED;a) called Divisi\u0026#xF3;n Rel\u0026#xE1;mpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOnce he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of \u0026#xC9;l Pa\u0026#xED;s, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOne of those encounters, Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with Jos\u0026#xE9; Garc\u0026#xED;a and Eduardo Hern\u0026#xE1;ndez (Guayo) in the same company. Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWith his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote A\u0026#xFA;n Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayor\u0026#xED;as Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (D\u0026#xED;alogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biograf\u0026#xED;a de su Abuelo el General Jos\u0026#xE9; Braulio Alem\u0026#xE1;n). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnderstanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n's identity. Jose Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named Jos\u0026#xE9; Braulio Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, Jos\u0026#xE9; Manuel Alem\u0026#xE1;n, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ram\u0026#xF3;n Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Aut\u0026#xE9;ntico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alem\u0026#xE1;n. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán was born to José Guerra and Herminia Alemán-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as José Guerra Alemán, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pepín. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pepín. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.","In his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ejército) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 División de Infantería) called División Relámpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.","Once he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of Él País, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.","One of those encounters, José Guerra Alemán climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with José García and Eduardo Hernández (Guayo) in the same company. José Guerra Alemán directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.","With his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote Aún Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayorías Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (Díalogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biografía de su Abuelo el General José Braulio Alemán). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.","Understanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of José Guerra Alemán's identity. Jose Guerra Alemán's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named José Braulio Guerra Alemán fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, José Manuel Alemán, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ramón Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Auténtico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.","He rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alemán. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n Collection, Special Collections and UniversityArchives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, Special Collections and UniversityArchives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Materials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks collected by Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n can be found by performing a series search for \"Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Books collected by José Guerra Alemán can be found by performing a series search for \"José Guerra Alemán Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was arranged in seven series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alem\u0026#xE1;n took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alem\u0026#xE1;n used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of Jos\u0026#xE9; G. Alem\u0026#xE1;n and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection was arranged in seven series:","\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alemán took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.","\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alemán used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.","\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. ","\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of José G. Alemán and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".","\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.","\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e4d41ff341ce7470c0d40282c3f71dd8\"\u003eThe collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist José Guerra Alemán. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita."],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Guerra Alemán, José"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":282,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870857755411087360,"_root_":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:03:10.972Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_adc28726cd7a0b8371986f8d2e7938dc"}},{"id":"3c7b643414a784c6f0ed50e0_aspace_124251","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Community Center, 2000-2005","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/3c7b643414a784c6f0ed50e0_aspace_124251#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eFolder includes correspondence, Board of Directors information, event press releases, and town meeting overview.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/3c7b643414a784c6f0ed50e0_aspace_124251#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_124251","ref_ssm":["aspace_124251","aspace_124251"],"id":"3c7b643414a784c6f0ed50e0_aspace_124251","title_filing_ssi":"Community Center","title_ssm":["Community Center"],"title_tesim":["Community Center"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["2000-2005"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2000-2005"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Community Center, 2000-2005"],"text":["Community Center, 2000-2005","Eunice M. Fisher collection, 1994-2016, Date acquired: 05/15/2014, bulk 1996-2000","The Gay and Lesbian Community Center of Tampa Bay","Folder 7","/repositories/2/archival_objects/39618","box 1","folder 7","Folder includes correspondence, Board of Directors information, event press releases, and town meeting overview."],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["3c7b643414a784c6f0ed50e0","3c7b643414a784c6f0ed50e0_aspace_124244"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Eunice M. Fisher collection, 1994-2016, Date acquired: 05/15/2014, bulk 1996-2000","The Gay and Lesbian Community Center of Tampa Bay"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Eunice M. Fisher collection, 1994-2016, Date acquired: 05/15/2014, bulk 1996-2000","The Gay and Lesbian Community Center of Tampa Bay"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Box"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 7","/repositories/2/archival_objects/39618"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Eunice M. Fisher collection, 1994-2016, Date acquired: 05/15/2014, bulk 1996-2000"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":14,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"date_range_isim":[2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 7"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFolder includes correspondence, Board of Directors information, event press releases, and town meeting overview.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Folder includes correspondence, Board of Directors information, event press releases, and town meeting overview."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#6","_nest_parent_":"3c7b643414a784c6f0ed50e0_aspace_124244","_root_":"3c7b643414a784c6f0ed50e0","_version_":1870862625403830272,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:20:35.366Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"3c7b643414a784c6f0ed50e0","title_ssm":["Eunice M. Fisher collection"],"title_tesim":["Eunice M. Fisher collection"],"ead_ssi":"3c7b643414a784c6f0ed50e0","unitdate_ssm":["1994-2016","1996-2000","Date acquired: 05/15/2014"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1996-2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1994-2016"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 05/15/2014"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-2014-03","/repositories/2/resources/223"],"text":["MS-2014-03","/repositories/2/resources/223","Eunice M. Fisher collection, 1994-2016, Date acquired: 05/15/2014, bulk 1996-2000","LGBTQ+ film festivals","Pride parades","Gay rights -- United States","Organized by subject then material type. Materials on the Community Center are arranged chronologically and then by subject. Individual folders organized alphabetically.","Born in 1936 in Milwaukee, WI, Eunice Fisher came into LGBT activism after her move to the Tampa Bay area in 1992. After becoming aware of the local LGBT community, Fisher became active in the Human Rights Task Force and the Gay and Lesbian Community Center of Tampa Bay, while working as a librarian at the Tampa-Hillsborough County Public Library. Fisher was married in 1968, but in 1988, she came out openly as a lesbian and her marriage ended. Fisher then became involved with Anne \"Mickie\" Howell and entered into a Holy Union with her. After four years together, Mickie died of lung cancer, and two years later, Fisher wrote her autobiography \"Christian AND Lesbian: A Life in Progress\" (2006). Fisher's LGBT activism has been influenced greatly by her Christian faith, which remains an important aspect of her life.","Fisher, Eunice M.  Christian and Lesbian: A Life in Progress . Rockford, Ill: RWG Press, 2006.","Stonewall , February 1996.","Note written by Justin M. White","published","Processed","Equality Florida Records, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","Bobby Smith photograph collection, Special Collections Department,  Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","Fisher, Eunice M.  Christian and Lesbian: A Life in Progress . Rockford, Ill: RWG Press, 2006.","None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","A collection of materials gathered by Eunice Fisher, who moved to the Tampa Bay area later in life and became involved in LGBT activism. These papers primarily concern the Gay and Lesbian Community Center of Tampa Bay and its affiliates, as well as Fisher's participation in her religious community.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Fisher, Eunice M. (1936-)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-2014-03","/repositories/2/resources/223"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1994-2016, Date acquired: 05/15/2014, bulk 1996-2000"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Eunice M. Fisher collection, 1994-2016, Date acquired: 05/15/2014, bulk 1996-2000"],"collection_title_tesim":["Eunice M. Fisher collection, 1994-2016, Date acquired: 05/15/2014, bulk 1996-2000"],"collection_ssim":["Eunice M. Fisher collection, 1994-2016, Date acquired: 05/15/2014, bulk 1996-2000"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Fisher, Eunice M. (1936-)"],"creator_ssim":["Fisher, Eunice M. (1936-)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Fisher, Eunice M. (1936-)"],"creators_ssim":["Fisher, Eunice M. 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Individual folders organized alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized by subject then material type. Materials on the Community Center are arranged chronologically and then by subject. Individual folders organized alphabetically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn in 1936 in Milwaukee, WI, Eunice Fisher came into LGBT activism after her move to the Tampa Bay area in 1992. After becoming aware of the local LGBT community, Fisher became active in the Human Rights Task Force and the Gay and Lesbian Community Center of Tampa Bay, while working as a librarian at the Tampa-Hillsborough County Public Library. Fisher was married in 1968, but in 1988, she came out openly as a lesbian and her marriage ended. Fisher then became involved with Anne \"Mickie\" Howell and entered into a Holy Union with her. After four years together, Mickie died of lung cancer, and two years later, Fisher wrote her autobiography \"Christian AND Lesbian: A Life in Progress\" (2006). Fisher's LGBT activism has been influenced greatly by her Christian faith, which remains an important aspect of her life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFisher, Eunice M. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eChristian and Lesbian: A Life in Progress\u003c/emph\u003e. Rockford, Ill: RWG Press, 2006.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eStonewall\u003c/emph\u003e, February 1996.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Justin M. White\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born in 1936 in Milwaukee, WI, Eunice Fisher came into LGBT activism after her move to the Tampa Bay area in 1992. After becoming aware of the local LGBT community, Fisher became active in the Human Rights Task Force and the Gay and Lesbian Community Center of Tampa Bay, while working as a librarian at the Tampa-Hillsborough County Public Library. Fisher was married in 1968, but in 1988, she came out openly as a lesbian and her marriage ended. Fisher then became involved with Anne \"Mickie\" Howell and entered into a Holy Union with her. After four years together, Mickie died of lung cancer, and two years later, Fisher wrote her autobiography \"Christian AND Lesbian: A Life in Progress\" (2006). Fisher's LGBT activism has been influenced greatly by her Christian faith, which remains an important aspect of her life.","Fisher, Eunice M.  Christian and Lesbian: A Life in Progress . Rockford, Ill: RWG Press, 2006.","Stonewall , February 1996.","Note written by Justin M. White"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003epublished\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Other Descriptive Information"],"odd_tesim":["published"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEunice M. Fisher collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Eunice M. Fisher collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEquality Florida Records, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBobby Smith photograph collection, Special Collections Department,\u0026#xA0; Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFisher, Eunice M. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eChristian and Lesbian: A Life in Progress\u003c/emph\u003e. Rockford, Ill: RWG Press, 2006.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Related Publications"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Equality Florida Records, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","Bobby Smith photograph collection, Special Collections Department,  Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","Fisher, Eunice M.  Christian and Lesbian: A Life in Progress . Rockford, Ill: RWG Press, 2006."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0; The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_46677c66f9215515a6b51e58b15d5303\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eA collection of materials gathered by Eunice Fisher, who moved to the Tampa Bay area later in life and became involved in LGBT activism. These papers primarily concern the Gay and Lesbian Community Center of Tampa Bay and its affiliates, as well as Fisher's participation in her religious community.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of materials gathered by Eunice Fisher, who moved to the Tampa Bay area later in life and became involved in LGBT activism. These papers primarily concern the Gay and Lesbian Community Center of Tampa Bay and its affiliates, as well as Fisher's participation in her religious community."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Fisher, Eunice M. (1936-)"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Fisher, Eunice M. 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