{"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1994\u0026page=241\u0026view=compact","prev":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1994\u0026page=240\u0026view=compact","next":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1994\u0026page=242\u0026view=compact","last":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1994\u0026page=580\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":241,"next_page":242,"prev_page":240,"total_pages":580,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":2400,"total_count":5792,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"cfa3e4446ebff94a3f0c01d2_aspace_36760d2292b0fda2bcd26ad1e38a7881","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Health Professions Advisory Committee, 1994","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/cfa3e4446ebff94a3f0c01d2_aspace_36760d2292b0fda2bcd26ad1e38a7881#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_36760d2292b0fda2bcd26ad1e38a7881","ref_ssm":["aspace_36760d2292b0fda2bcd26ad1e38a7881","aspace_36760d2292b0fda2bcd26ad1e38a7881"],"id":"cfa3e4446ebff94a3f0c01d2_aspace_36760d2292b0fda2bcd26ad1e38a7881","title_filing_ssi":"Health Professions Advisory Committee","title_ssm":["Health Professions Advisory Committee"],"title_tesim":["Health Professions Advisory Committee"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1994"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1994"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Health Professions Advisory Committee, 1994"],"text":["Health Professions Advisory Committee, 1994","Susan Evans Papers, 1988-2021, bulk 1993-2011, 1995-2007","Early Years, 1987-2005","/repositories/3/archival_objects/42699","English","box 15","folder 06"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["cfa3e4446ebff94a3f0c01d2","cfa3e4446ebff94a3f0c01d2_aspace_394f86355b40723d5ba7f5a247a56844"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Susan Evans Papers, 1988-2021, bulk 1993-2011, 1995-2007","Early Years, 1987-2005"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Susan Evans Papers, 1988-2021, bulk 1993-2011, 1995-2007","Early Years, 1987-2005"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/3/archival_objects/42699"],"repository_ssim":["Florida Gulf Coast University Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Susan Evans Papers, 1988-2021, bulk 1993-2011, 1995-2007"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":765,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"date_range_isim":[1994],"language_ssim":["English"],"containers_ssim":["box 15","folder 06"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#160","_nest_parent_":"cfa3e4446ebff94a3f0c01d2_aspace_394f86355b40723d5ba7f5a247a56844","_root_":"cfa3e4446ebff94a3f0c01d2","timestamp":"2026-05-05T01:53:10.751Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"cfa3e4446ebff94a3f0c01d2","title_filing_ssi":"Susan Evans","title_ssm":["Susan Evans Papers"],"title_tesim":["Susan Evans Papers"],"ead_ssi":"cfa3e4446ebff94a3f0c01d2","unitdate_ssm":["1988-2021","1993-2011","1995-2007"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1993-2011","1995-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1988-2021"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["01.19.01","/repositories/3/resources/88"],"text":["01.19.01","/repositories/3/resources/88","Susan Evans Papers, 1988-2021, bulk 1993-2011, 1995-2007","FGCU opening","Florida Gulf Coast University","Records -- Management","The collection is open for research.","Arrangement of materials consist of eleven Series, Athletics, Campus Planning, History, Early Years, Presidential Search, Events, FGCU Early Years - Event Photographs, FGCU VHS Collection, Charlotte County Site Selection, Football Feasibility Study, FGCU News Article Releases. Each Series has its own sub-series as well with various documents and information. The first three Series in The Collection Athletics, Campus Planning, and History is organized chronologically within each series, including the bulk dates of 1993-2011 for those materials in the collection. The other four Series Early Years, Presidential Search, Events, and FGCU Early Years Event Photographs are organized by the rules of Archival More Product, Less Process. Therefore, not in chronological order, the material was processed in the way the collection was obtained from Susan Evans, including bulk dates of 1995-2007. Then 1988-2021 for Susan Evans time in office and employed by Florida Gulf Coast University. The third part and last four Series in the Collection also utilized the MPLP processing style. Material was processed in the way it was originally obtained. Materials for some of the Series were organized by the dates provided and available.","Susan Evans is a Florida native and began working for Florida Gulf Coast University on October 1, 1993, making her the institution's founding staff member at FGCU. Her commitment to Florida Gulf Coast University lasted through four Presidents and several interim Presidents. Evans worked as a University Lobbyist from 1993-2000, then as the Chief of Staff for over 15 years, and Vice President for two years. Evans worked as a corporate secretary to the FGCU Board of Trustees, as well as a committee member for the 2016 FGCU Presidential Search. Evans retired from Florida Gulf Coast University in 2021.","The Susan Evans Papers include various materials surrounding her long serving term, such as items from Florida Gulf Coast University founding, campus planning, history, and athletics. Forms of media included text, photographs, VHS tapes, physical objects and letters. Topics and subjects range from University Groundbreaking to Susan Evans's time as a Vice President. The first part of this collection includes Series Athletics, Campus Planning, History and one Sub-Series Objects and Ephemera. The second part of her collection includes Series Early Years, Presidential Search, Events, FGCU Early Years Event Photography. The third and last part of this collection is, FGCU VHS Collection, Charlotte County Site Selection, Football Feasibility Study, FGCU News Article Releases.","Range: 1B: Section: 3: Shelf: 2-6\nRange: 1B: Section: 4: Shelf: 1-6\nRange: 1B: Section: 5: Shelf: 1-6\nRange: 2A: Section: 5: Shelf: 1-2\nRange: 2A: Section: 6: Shelf: 1-6","Florida Gulf Coast University Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["01.19.01","/repositories/3/resources/88"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1988-2021, bulk 1993-2011, 1995-2007"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Susan Evans Papers, 1988-2021, bulk 1993-2011, 1995-2007"],"collection_title_tesim":["Susan Evans Papers, 1988-2021, bulk 1993-2011, 1995-2007"],"collection_ssim":["Susan Evans Papers, 1988-2021, bulk 1993-2011, 1995-2007"],"repository_ssm":["Florida Gulf Coast University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Florida Gulf Coast University Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["FGCU opening","Florida Gulf Coast University"],"geogname_ssim":["FGCU opening","Florida Gulf Coast University"],"places_ssim":["FGCU opening","Florida Gulf Coast University"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Records -- Management"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Records -- Management"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["53 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["53 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArrangement of materials consist of eleven Series, Athletics, Campus Planning, History, Early Years, Presidential Search, Events, FGCU Early Years - Event Photographs, FGCU VHS Collection, Charlotte County Site Selection, Football Feasibility Study, FGCU News Article Releases. Each Series has its own sub-series as well with various documents and information. The first three Series in The Collection Athletics, Campus Planning, and History is organized chronologically within each series, including the bulk dates of 1993-2011 for those materials in the collection. The other four Series Early Years, Presidential Search, Events, and FGCU Early Years Event Photographs are organized by the rules of Archival More Product, Less Process. Therefore, not in chronological order, the material was processed in the way the collection was obtained from Susan Evans, including bulk dates of 1995-2007. Then 1988-2021 for Susan Evans time in office and employed by Florida Gulf Coast University. The third part and last four Series in the Collection also utilized the MPLP processing style. Material was processed in the way it was originally obtained. Materials for some of the Series were organized by the dates provided and available.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arrangement of materials consist of eleven Series, Athletics, Campus Planning, History, Early Years, Presidential Search, Events, FGCU Early Years - Event Photographs, FGCU VHS Collection, Charlotte County Site Selection, Football Feasibility Study, FGCU News Article Releases. Each Series has its own sub-series as well with various documents and information. The first three Series in The Collection Athletics, Campus Planning, and History is organized chronologically within each series, including the bulk dates of 1993-2011 for those materials in the collection. The other four Series Early Years, Presidential Search, Events, and FGCU Early Years Event Photographs are organized by the rules of Archival More Product, Less Process. Therefore, not in chronological order, the material was processed in the way the collection was obtained from Susan Evans, including bulk dates of 1995-2007. Then 1988-2021 for Susan Evans time in office and employed by Florida Gulf Coast University. The third part and last four Series in the Collection also utilized the MPLP processing style. Material was processed in the way it was originally obtained. Materials for some of the Series were organized by the dates provided and available."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSusan Evans is a Florida native and began working for Florida Gulf Coast University on October 1, 1993, making her the institution's founding staff member at FGCU. Her commitment to Florida Gulf Coast University lasted through four Presidents and several interim Presidents. Evans worked as a University Lobbyist from 1993-2000, then as the Chief of Staff for over 15 years, and Vice President for two years. Evans worked as a corporate secretary to the FGCU Board of Trustees, as well as a committee member for the 2016 FGCU Presidential Search. Evans retired from Florida Gulf Coast University in 2021.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Susan Evans is a Florida native and began working for Florida Gulf Coast University on October 1, 1993, making her the institution's founding staff member at FGCU. Her commitment to Florida Gulf Coast University lasted through four Presidents and several interim Presidents. Evans worked as a University Lobbyist from 1993-2000, then as the Chief of Staff for over 15 years, and Vice President for two years. Evans worked as a corporate secretary to the FGCU Board of Trustees, as well as a committee member for the 2016 FGCU Presidential Search. Evans retired from Florida Gulf Coast University in 2021."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Susan Evans Papers include various materials surrounding her long serving term, such as items from Florida Gulf Coast University founding, campus planning, history, and athletics. Forms of media included text, photographs, VHS tapes, physical objects and letters. Topics and subjects range from University Groundbreaking to Susan Evans's time as a Vice President. The first part of this collection includes Series Athletics, Campus Planning, History and one Sub-Series Objects and Ephemera. The second part of her collection includes Series Early Years, Presidential Search, Events, FGCU Early Years Event Photography. The third and last part of this collection is, FGCU VHS Collection, Charlotte County Site Selection, Football Feasibility Study, FGCU News Article Releases.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Susan Evans Papers include various materials surrounding her long serving term, such as items from Florida Gulf Coast University founding, campus planning, history, and athletics. Forms of media included text, photographs, VHS tapes, physical objects and letters. Topics and subjects range from University Groundbreaking to Susan Evans's time as a Vice President. The first part of this collection includes Series Athletics, Campus Planning, History and one Sub-Series Objects and Ephemera. The second part of her collection includes Series Early Years, Presidential Search, Events, FGCU Early Years Event Photography. The third and last part of this collection is, FGCU VHS Collection, Charlotte County Site Selection, Football Feasibility Study, FGCU News Article Releases."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_51e3242f2f0dbb16d95b935ce1d51627\"\u003eRange: 1B: Section: 3: Shelf: 2-6\nRange: 1B: Section: 4: Shelf: 1-6\nRange: 1B: Section: 5: Shelf: 1-6\nRange: 2A: Section: 5: Shelf: 1-2\nRange: 2A: Section: 6: Shelf: 1-6\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Range: 1B: Section: 3: Shelf: 2-6\nRange: 1B: Section: 4: Shelf: 1-6\nRange: 1B: Section: 5: Shelf: 1-6\nRange: 2A: Section: 5: Shelf: 1-2\nRange: 2A: Section: 6: Shelf: 1-6"],"names_ssim":["Florida Gulf Coast University Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["Florida Gulf Coast University Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1680,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"cfa3e4446ebff94a3f0c01d2","timestamp":"2026-05-05T01:53:10.751Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/cfa3e4446ebff94a3f0c01d2_aspace_36760d2292b0fda2bcd26ad1e38a7881"}},{"id":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_1e04f5074b38252c009c2a6c5bdf001e","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Heart of Florida United Way Public Service Announcements, 1994","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_1e04f5074b38252c009c2a6c5bdf001e#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_1e04f5074b38252c009c2a6c5bdf001e","ref_ssm":["aspace_1e04f5074b38252c009c2a6c5bdf001e","aspace_1e04f5074b38252c009c2a6c5bdf001e"],"id":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_1e04f5074b38252c009c2a6c5bdf001e","title_filing_ssi":"Heart of Florida United Way Public Service Announcements","title_ssm":["Heart of Florida United Way Public Service Announcements"],"title_tesim":["Heart of Florida United Way Public Service Announcements"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1994"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1994"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Heart of Florida United Way Public Service Announcements, 1994"],"text":["Heart of Florida United Way Public Service Announcements, 1994","Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997","Additional Materials, 1862-2019","CFM2016_03","Visual, 1985–2003, undated","VHS Tapes, 1985–2003, undated","/repositories/4/archival_objects/69919","box 102","folder 6"],"component_level_isim":[5],"parent_ids_ssim":["f98896827f16d52b3168e472","f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_d01fc03ef0ed1a02f20641cd2b6034e3","f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_88c5a0bff796509eb40f2cf1fb55d2b9","f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_e9788b9c5b9e9644f69530d48f137b02","f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_5645606db6ecdf0a8e8bc61d340c76d7"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997","Additional Materials, 1862-2019","CFM2016_03","Visual, 1985–2003, undated","VHS Tapes, 1985–2003, undated"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997","Additional Materials, 1862-2019","CFM2016_03","Visual, 1985–2003, undated","VHS Tapes, 1985–2003, undated"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries","Subseries","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/4/archival_objects/69919"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":1088,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research.","Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997 (Series IV) and Additional Materials, 1862-2019 (Series VI) contain fragile AV material. No access copies are currently available. For further information, please contact Special Collections \u0026 University Archives."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1994],"containers_ssim":["box 102","folder 6"],"_nest_path_":"/components#5/components#1/components#4/components#1/components#34","_nest_parent_":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_5645606db6ecdf0a8e8bc61d340c76d7","_root_":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472","_version_":1870857973089173504,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:06:38.475Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472","title_ssm":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection"],"title_tesim":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection"],"ead_ssi":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472","unitdate_ssm":["1862-2019","1902-1997"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1902-1997"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862-2019"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 054","/repositories/4/resources/294"],"text":["SC 054","/repositories/4/resources/294","Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997","Abandoned Children","Adoption -- Florida","Adoption -- United States -- History","Child welfare -- Florida","Foster children -- United States -- History","Nonprofit organizations -- Finance","Nonprofit organizations -- Management","Nonprofit organizations -- Planning","Poverty","Orphanages -- Florida","The entire collection is open for research.","Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997 (Series IV) and Additional Materials, 1862-2019 (Series VI) contain fragile AV material. No access copies are currently available. For further information, please contact Special Collections \u0026 University Archives.","The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection is arranged into 5 series by types of content as well as by types of materials. The first three series feature personal and office files which show the birth and growth of the organization, sorted at the state and local division levels. The last two series holds audio visual and photographic ephemera as well as scrapbooks created by workers at the society.","To be an orphan in Florida at the turn of the twentieth century was a dangerous prospect. Children were being orphaned due to farm and industrial accidents and numerous poor families had to give up children they could no longer afford. Many children were abused and there were few laws that protected children's rights. Homeless children had little place to go where they could be safe, properly cared for, and loved.","\nIn response to this increasing crisis, the National Children's Home Society was formed in Illinois in 1883 to help place children who had been orphaned in farming and industrial accidents, spreading to several other states over the next decade. The Revered D. W. Comstock came to Jacksonville, Florida in 1902 as a representative of the National Children's Home Society to help organize the state's first child welfare society. On November 17, 1902, with the help of Rev. D. W. Comstock and Jacksonville's city and religious leaders, The Children's Home Society of Florida (CHSFL) was established. The welfare of the child was the society's primary focus, making sure that if the family could not be preserved that the child was placed in a happy and healthy home.","\nThe CHSFL was developed as a non-profit organization, relying solely on donations from the community. Fund-raising efforts began as administrative duties were carried out in private homes around the city. The children were also were being cared for in private residences as there was not yet a home secured for the society to board its charges. The CHSFL committed itself to not only children but to babies who were not accepted until the age of three at state orphanages (Mahoney, 5). Money was tight for the society and within the first few years, the CHSFL found itself in deep debt. By September of 1910, the CHSFL was facing the possibility of ending operations when a new state superintendent for the society entered its doors. Marcus C. Fagg was just 24 when he took control of the CHSFL but within a few short months, he had already obtained funding to start his first appeals drive. Many in the society to this day believe that it was Marcus C. Fagg who saved the CHSFL from closing its doors and built it to the standards that society members and workers adhere to today. Fagg's compassion towards children also did not go unnoticed; from his early years with the CHSFL, many children he helped referred to him as \"Daddy\" Fagg as a token of their appreciation for finding them loving homes.","\nMarcus Fagg brought innovative solutions to a dire financial situation. Using land donated or sold at cost to the society, Fagg either rented or sold land at higher costs to turn a profit. Fagg also helped poor families by renting them homes at drastically reduced rental costs with an option to later buy the homes. Marcus Fagg helped dozens of poor families regain their footing while also helping the CHSFL emerge from a deep hole of financial debt.","\nThough Marcus Fagg began to save the society financially, the society still fell on hard times. The country became entangled in the agony of the Great Depression in the 1930s and the CHSFL suffered with the rest of the nation. The Miami receiving home was lost due to a lack of finances but was thankfully picked up and operated by the Junior League until 1936 when CHSFL was able to once again run the home. Marcus Fagg also made history in 1932 by becoming the first chairman of the new Florida State Welfare Board. Through the 1940s and 1950s, CHSFL was instrumental in securing rights and welfare laws for children nationwide. CHSFL was one of the founding members of the Child Welfare League of America and was one of the only societies in the country to handle state adoptions without the aid of a state agency. The society also saw rapid growth, thanks in part to the massive fund-raising performed by Marcus Fagg; several new division offices opened throughout the state, many of whom offered special services for children. CHSFL also began offering services to unwed mothers, further committing themselves to the family rather than just simply finding homes for children.","\nOne of the saddest moments for the CHSFL was the loss of their mentor and leader, Marcus C. \"Daddy\" Fagg in 1958. After Fagg's passing, newspapers throughout Florida ran headlines announcing the loss of a great state hero. Buried in a simple grave in Jacksonville, Florida, Fagg's life and legacy still serves as a reminder to the CHSFL of their continued effort to help abused and orphaned children in the state of Florida.","\nSegregation and integration played an important role for CHSFL in the 1960s as the society began caring for and adopting out African-American children from their receiving homes. Historically, the society took in mostly white children. As the Civil Rights movement grew in the 1960's, the society re-examined the scope of its adoption policies and began taking in and offering adoption services for the African-American community. This was a significant development both for the society and for the Civil Rights movement; African-American children were being given the same adoption services as white children at a time when the issue of race was dominant in society and politics. As the country rapidly changed, so did the society, offering for the first time services in schools for handicapped, delinquent, and abused children as well children living in racially mixed households. These services would grow and define the society through to the end of the 1990s.","\nJust three years into the new millennium and the society's second century of service, the CHSFL moved its headquarters from its birthplace in Jacksonville to more centrally located offices in Winter Park, Florida. Now over one hundred years old, the CHSFL offers fourteen divisions that serve the entire state of Florida.","Collection processed by Ari Karlene Anderson; finding aid prepared by April Karlene Anderson and Katie Seeler. All paper materials have been placed in acid free folders and stored in archival containers. Some larger paper materials, such as maps and large photographs were also placed in acid free folders but are stored in archival flat files. Paper clips have been removed and replaced with plastic clips. In some cases, rusty staples have also been removed. Post-it notes have been moved to the edges of papers and copies have been made of more fragile materials such as news clippings. Photo blocks have been placed in archival trays, stored in separate bins to prevent them from scraping against one another. Any audio or visual media in cases were kept in their containers but placed collectively in archival boxes. Loose pages and items in the scrapbooks have been secured either with plastic clips or placed in archival folders and the entire book has been wrapped in acid free archival paper. Additional materials processed and integrated into the main collection by Suphi Burak Ogreten. Collection rehoused and container list revised by Asmara Cortes-Caba in 2023.","Blount Family papers , University of West Florida University Archives and West Florida History Center, Pensacola, Florida. ","Adoption Records: This collection does not contain any records on adopted individuals or families from the Children's Home Society of Florida. However, the society does have the CHS Adoptions Archive Unit which is dedicated to the preservation and research of these records. They can be found at  http://www.chsfl.org .","Books:","Georgia Gertrude Ralph,  Elements of Record Keeping for Child-Helping Organizations , (New York: The De Vinne Press, 1915.)","Lawrence Mahoney,  Children and hope : a history of the Children's Home Society of Florida , (Miami: Pickering Press, 1987).","Other Locations:","Pensacola Historical Society's Historical Resource Center, 110 East Church Street, Pensacola, Florida 32502. Phone: (850) 434-5455 Website:  http://www.pensacolahistory.org  (Western Division).","Florida Department of State, State Archives of Florida, R. A. Gray Building 500 South Bronough Street Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250. Website:  https://dos.myflorida.com/library-archives/archives .","The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains personal and organizational papers, photographs, audio and visual materials, as well as ledgers and scrapbooks. The collection is arranged by both content and materials types and have been organized into the following series:","\nSeries I: Biographical Files, 1900-1991, contains the files of individuals who were instrumental in the creation and/or the operations of the Children's Home Society of Florida. Correspondence makes up the majority of this series as it show the creation of the society (Comstock, Harkins, Seaton), its resurrection (Fagg), and its continued operations.","\nSeries II: State Organizational Files, 1886-2000, includes files that were used in the operations of the society as a whole. Financial documents, correspondence, reports, as well as the meeting minutes of the various committees that ran the society can be found in this series.","\nSeries III: Division Files, 1921-circa 1995, consists of files for local divisions located throughout the state. Some divisions are no longer in operation, having been closed completely or absorbed into another division. These older divisions can be found here in their original name. Meeting minutes for each division are also located here.","\nSeries IV: Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997, holds both audio and visual media used by the Children's Home Society of Florida in promoting their society as well as raising funds.","\nSeries V: Ledger and Scrapbooks, 1902-1978, includes miscellaneous ledger and scrapbooks created by the Children's Home Society of Florida. The ledger books vary in format but are generally are either inventory or accounting in nature. The scrapbooks are made up of five volumes, all created by workers at the Children's Home Society of Florida. News clippings make up the majority of the scrapbooks contents but some do contain publications made by the Children's Home Society of Florida. There are also four Rose Keller Home scrapbooks made by workers at the Rose Keller Division in Lakeland, Florida. The Rose Keller Home scrapbooks give a brief history of the division as well as chronicle events at the home.","\nSeries VI: Additional Materials, 1862-2012, holds additional materials received from the Children's Home Society of Florida including organizational files, ephemera, photographs and audio/visual materials.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains organizational papers and ephemera that document the creation and operations of Florida's oldest non-profit adoption agency. The collection includes organizational papers from its state and local divisions, photographs, news clippings, audio and visual media, scrapbooks, and blueprints of the many receiving homes in the state, but does not contain adoption records. Adoption records remain at the CHSFL Adoption Archive and are available by contacting the society directly.","UCF Special Collections","Children's Home Society of Florida","Florida. Department of Children and Families","Child Welfare League of America","Florida. State Board of Public Welfare","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 054","/repositories/4/resources/294"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997"],"collection_title_tesim":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997"],"collection_ssim":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Children's Home Society of Florida"],"creator_ssim":["Children's Home Society of Florida"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Children's Home Society of Florida"],"creators_ssim":["Children's Home Society of Florida"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Children's Home Society of Florida donated these materials to the University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives Department in 2004 (CFM2004_04). Additional matterials were added in 2015 (CFM2015_06), 2016 (CFM2016_03), 2017 (CFM2017_05), 2020 (CFM2020_11), and 2021 (CFM2021_06)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Abandoned Children","Adoption -- Florida","Adoption -- United States -- History","Child welfare -- Florida","Foster children -- United States -- History","Nonprofit organizations -- Finance","Nonprofit organizations -- Management","Nonprofit organizations -- Planning","Poverty","Orphanages -- Florida"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Abandoned Children","Adoption -- Florida","Adoption -- United States -- History","Child welfare -- Florida","Foster children -- United States -- History","Nonprofit organizations -- Finance","Nonprofit organizations -- Management","Nonprofit organizations -- Planning","Poverty","Orphanages -- Florida"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["102.75 Linear Feet 117 boxes, 5 scrapbooks, 13 flat files"],"extent_tesim":["102.75 Linear Feet 117 boxes, 5 scrapbooks, 13 flat files"],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997 (Series IV) and Additional Materials, 1862-2019 (Series VI) contain fragile AV material. No access copies are currently available. For further information, please contact Special Collections \u0026amp; University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research.","Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997 (Series IV) and Additional Materials, 1862-2019 (Series VI) contain fragile AV material. No access copies are currently available. For further information, please contact Special Collections \u0026 University Archives."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Children's Home Society of Florida Collection is arranged into 5 series by types of content as well as by types of materials. The first three series feature personal and office files which show the birth and growth of the organization, sorted at the state and local division levels. The last two series holds audio visual and photographic ephemera as well as scrapbooks created by workers at the society.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection is arranged into 5 series by types of content as well as by types of materials. The first three series feature personal and office files which show the birth and growth of the organization, sorted at the state and local division levels. The last two series holds audio visual and photographic ephemera as well as scrapbooks created by workers at the society."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTo be an orphan in Florida at the turn of the twentieth century was a dangerous prospect. Children were being orphaned due to farm and industrial accidents and numerous poor families had to give up children they could no longer afford. Many children were abused and there were few laws that protected children's rights. Homeless children had little place to go where they could be safe, properly cared for, and loved.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIn response to this increasing crisis, the National Children's Home Society was formed in Illinois in 1883 to help place children who had been orphaned in farming and industrial accidents, spreading to several other states over the next decade. The Revered D. W. Comstock came to Jacksonville, Florida in 1902 as a representative of the National Children's Home Society to help organize the state's first child welfare society. On November 17, 1902, with the help of Rev. D. W. Comstock and Jacksonville's city and religious leaders, The Children's Home Society of Florida (CHSFL) was established. The welfare of the child was the society's primary focus, making sure that if the family could not be preserved that the child was placed in a happy and healthy home.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe CHSFL was developed as a non-profit organization, relying solely on donations from the community. Fund-raising efforts began as administrative duties were carried out in private homes around the city. The children were also were being cared for in private residences as there was not yet a home secured for the society to board its charges. The CHSFL committed itself to not only children but to babies who were not accepted until the age of three at state orphanages (Mahoney, 5). Money was tight for the society and within the first few years, the CHSFL found itself in deep debt. By September of 1910, the CHSFL was facing the possibility of ending operations when a new state superintendent for the society entered its doors. Marcus C. Fagg was just 24 when he took control of the CHSFL but within a few short months, he had already obtained funding to start his first appeals drive. Many in the society to this day believe that it was Marcus C. Fagg who saved the CHSFL from closing its doors and built it to the standards that society members and workers adhere to today. Fagg's compassion towards children also did not go unnoticed; from his early years with the CHSFL, many children he helped referred to him as \"Daddy\" Fagg as a token of their appreciation for finding them loving homes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMarcus Fagg brought innovative solutions to a dire financial situation. Using land donated or sold at cost to the society, Fagg either rented or sold land at higher costs to turn a profit. Fagg also helped poor families by renting them homes at drastically reduced rental costs with an option to later buy the homes. Marcus Fagg helped dozens of poor families regain their footing while also helping the CHSFL emerge from a deep hole of financial debt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThough Marcus Fagg began to save the society financially, the society still fell on hard times. The country became entangled in the agony of the Great Depression in the 1930s and the CHSFL suffered with the rest of the nation. The Miami receiving home was lost due to a lack of finances but was thankfully picked up and operated by the Junior League until 1936 when CHSFL was able to once again run the home. Marcus Fagg also made history in 1932 by becoming the first chairman of the new Florida State Welfare Board. Through the 1940s and 1950s, CHSFL was instrumental in securing rights and welfare laws for children nationwide. CHSFL was one of the founding members of the Child Welfare League of America and was one of the only societies in the country to handle state adoptions without the aid of a state agency. The society also saw rapid growth, thanks in part to the massive fund-raising performed by Marcus Fagg; several new division offices opened throughout the state, many of whom offered special services for children. CHSFL also began offering services to unwed mothers, further committing themselves to the family rather than just simply finding homes for children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOne of the saddest moments for the CHSFL was the loss of their mentor and leader, Marcus C. \"Daddy\" Fagg in 1958. After Fagg's passing, newspapers throughout Florida ran headlines announcing the loss of a great state hero. Buried in a simple grave in Jacksonville, Florida, Fagg's life and legacy still serves as a reminder to the CHSFL of their continued effort to help abused and orphaned children in the state of Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSegregation and integration played an important role for CHSFL in the 1960s as the society began caring for and adopting out African-American children from their receiving homes. Historically, the society took in mostly white children. As the Civil Rights movement grew in the 1960's, the society re-examined the scope of its adoption policies and began taking in and offering adoption services for the African-American community. This was a significant development both for the society and for the Civil Rights movement; African-American children were being given the same adoption services as white children at a time when the issue of race was dominant in society and politics. As the country rapidly changed, so did the society, offering for the first time services in schools for handicapped, delinquent, and abused children as well children living in racially mixed households. These services would grow and define the society through to the end of the 1990s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nJust three years into the new millennium and the society's second century of service, the CHSFL moved its headquarters from its birthplace in Jacksonville to more centrally located offices in Winter Park, Florida. Now over one hundred years old, the CHSFL offers fourteen divisions that serve the entire state of Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["To be an orphan in Florida at the turn of the twentieth century was a dangerous prospect. Children were being orphaned due to farm and industrial accidents and numerous poor families had to give up children they could no longer afford. Many children were abused and there were few laws that protected children's rights. Homeless children had little place to go where they could be safe, properly cared for, and loved.","\nIn response to this increasing crisis, the National Children's Home Society was formed in Illinois in 1883 to help place children who had been orphaned in farming and industrial accidents, spreading to several other states over the next decade. The Revered D. W. Comstock came to Jacksonville, Florida in 1902 as a representative of the National Children's Home Society to help organize the state's first child welfare society. On November 17, 1902, with the help of Rev. D. W. Comstock and Jacksonville's city and religious leaders, The Children's Home Society of Florida (CHSFL) was established. The welfare of the child was the society's primary focus, making sure that if the family could not be preserved that the child was placed in a happy and healthy home.","\nThe CHSFL was developed as a non-profit organization, relying solely on donations from the community. Fund-raising efforts began as administrative duties were carried out in private homes around the city. The children were also were being cared for in private residences as there was not yet a home secured for the society to board its charges. The CHSFL committed itself to not only children but to babies who were not accepted until the age of three at state orphanages (Mahoney, 5). Money was tight for the society and within the first few years, the CHSFL found itself in deep debt. By September of 1910, the CHSFL was facing the possibility of ending operations when a new state superintendent for the society entered its doors. Marcus C. Fagg was just 24 when he took control of the CHSFL but within a few short months, he had already obtained funding to start his first appeals drive. Many in the society to this day believe that it was Marcus C. Fagg who saved the CHSFL from closing its doors and built it to the standards that society members and workers adhere to today. Fagg's compassion towards children also did not go unnoticed; from his early years with the CHSFL, many children he helped referred to him as \"Daddy\" Fagg as a token of their appreciation for finding them loving homes.","\nMarcus Fagg brought innovative solutions to a dire financial situation. Using land donated or sold at cost to the society, Fagg either rented or sold land at higher costs to turn a profit. Fagg also helped poor families by renting them homes at drastically reduced rental costs with an option to later buy the homes. Marcus Fagg helped dozens of poor families regain their footing while also helping the CHSFL emerge from a deep hole of financial debt.","\nThough Marcus Fagg began to save the society financially, the society still fell on hard times. The country became entangled in the agony of the Great Depression in the 1930s and the CHSFL suffered with the rest of the nation. The Miami receiving home was lost due to a lack of finances but was thankfully picked up and operated by the Junior League until 1936 when CHSFL was able to once again run the home. Marcus Fagg also made history in 1932 by becoming the first chairman of the new Florida State Welfare Board. Through the 1940s and 1950s, CHSFL was instrumental in securing rights and welfare laws for children nationwide. CHSFL was one of the founding members of the Child Welfare League of America and was one of the only societies in the country to handle state adoptions without the aid of a state agency. The society also saw rapid growth, thanks in part to the massive fund-raising performed by Marcus Fagg; several new division offices opened throughout the state, many of whom offered special services for children. CHSFL also began offering services to unwed mothers, further committing themselves to the family rather than just simply finding homes for children.","\nOne of the saddest moments for the CHSFL was the loss of their mentor and leader, Marcus C. \"Daddy\" Fagg in 1958. After Fagg's passing, newspapers throughout Florida ran headlines announcing the loss of a great state hero. Buried in a simple grave in Jacksonville, Florida, Fagg's life and legacy still serves as a reminder to the CHSFL of their continued effort to help abused and orphaned children in the state of Florida.","\nSegregation and integration played an important role for CHSFL in the 1960s as the society began caring for and adopting out African-American children from their receiving homes. Historically, the society took in mostly white children. As the Civil Rights movement grew in the 1960's, the society re-examined the scope of its adoption policies and began taking in and offering adoption services for the African-American community. This was a significant development both for the society and for the Civil Rights movement; African-American children were being given the same adoption services as white children at a time when the issue of race was dominant in society and politics. As the country rapidly changed, so did the society, offering for the first time services in schools for handicapped, delinquent, and abused children as well children living in racially mixed households. These services would grow and define the society through to the end of the 1990s.","\nJust three years into the new millennium and the society's second century of service, the CHSFL moved its headquarters from its birthplace in Jacksonville to more centrally located offices in Winter Park, Florida. Now over one hundred years old, the CHSFL offers fourteen divisions that serve the entire state of Florida."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Children's Home Society of Florida Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection processed by Ari Karlene Anderson; finding aid prepared by April Karlene Anderson and Katie Seeler. All paper materials have been placed in acid free folders and stored in archival containers. Some larger paper materials, such as maps and large photographs were also placed in acid free folders but are stored in archival flat files. Paper clips have been removed and replaced with plastic clips. In some cases, rusty staples have also been removed. Post-it notes have been moved to the edges of papers and copies have been made of more fragile materials such as news clippings. Photo blocks have been placed in archival trays, stored in separate bins to prevent them from scraping against one another. Any audio or visual media in cases were kept in their containers but placed collectively in archival boxes. Loose pages and items in the scrapbooks have been secured either with plastic clips or placed in archival folders and the entire book has been wrapped in acid free archival paper. Additional materials processed and integrated into the main collection by Suphi Burak Ogreten. Collection rehoused and container list revised by Asmara Cortes-Caba in 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Collection processed by Ari Karlene Anderson; finding aid prepared by April Karlene Anderson and Katie Seeler. All paper materials have been placed in acid free folders and stored in archival containers. Some larger paper materials, such as maps and large photographs were also placed in acid free folders but are stored in archival flat files. Paper clips have been removed and replaced with plastic clips. In some cases, rusty staples have also been removed. Post-it notes have been moved to the edges of papers and copies have been made of more fragile materials such as news clippings. Photo blocks have been placed in archival trays, stored in separate bins to prevent them from scraping against one another. Any audio or visual media in cases were kept in their containers but placed collectively in archival boxes. Loose pages and items in the scrapbooks have been secured either with plastic clips or placed in archival folders and the entire book has been wrapped in acid free archival paper. Additional materials processed and integrated into the main collection by Suphi Burak Ogreten. Collection rehoused and container list revised by Asmara Cortes-Caba in 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"https://uwf.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/350\"\u003eBlount Family papers\u003c/extref\u003e, University of West Florida University Archives and West Florida History Center, Pensacola, Florida. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdoption Records: This collection does not contain any records on adopted individuals or families from the Children's Home Society of Florida. However, the society does have the CHS Adoptions Archive Unit which is dedicated to the preservation and research of these records. They can be found at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.chsfl.org\"\u003ehttp://www.chsfl.org\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBooks:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeorgia Gertrude Ralph, \u003cextref href=\"https://ucf-flvc.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01FALSC_UCF/6a1ouu/alma990260914050306596\"\u003eElements of Record Keeping for Child-Helping Organizations\u003c/extref\u003e, (New York: The De Vinne Press, 1915.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLawrence Mahoney, \u003cextref href=\"https://ucf-flvc.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01FALSC_UCF/6a1ouu/alma990211238530306596\"\u003eChildren and hope : a history of the Children's Home Society of Florida\u003c/extref\u003e, (Miami: Pickering Press, 1987).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther Locations:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePensacola Historical Society's Historical Resource Center, 110 East Church Street, Pensacola, Florida 32502. Phone: (850) 434-5455 Website: \u003cextref href=\"http://www.pensacolahistory.org\"\u003ehttp://www.pensacolahistory.org\u003c/extref\u003e (Western Division).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFlorida Department of State, State Archives of Florida, R. A. Gray Building 500 South Bronough Street Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250. Website: \u003cextref href=\"https://dos.myflorida.com/library-archives/archives\"\u003ehttps://dos.myflorida.com/library-archives/archives\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Blount Family papers , University of West Florida University Archives and West Florida History Center, Pensacola, Florida. ","Adoption Records: This collection does not contain any records on adopted individuals or families from the Children's Home Society of Florida. However, the society does have the CHS Adoptions Archive Unit which is dedicated to the preservation and research of these records. They can be found at  http://www.chsfl.org .","Books:","Georgia Gertrude Ralph,  Elements of Record Keeping for Child-Helping Organizations , (New York: The De Vinne Press, 1915.)","Lawrence Mahoney,  Children and hope : a history of the Children's Home Society of Florida , (Miami: Pickering Press, 1987).","Other Locations:","Pensacola Historical Society's Historical Resource Center, 110 East Church Street, Pensacola, Florida 32502. Phone: (850) 434-5455 Website:  http://www.pensacolahistory.org  (Western Division).","Florida Department of State, State Archives of Florida, R. A. Gray Building 500 South Bronough Street Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250. Website:  https://dos.myflorida.com/library-archives/archives ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains personal and organizational papers, photographs, audio and visual materials, as well as ledgers and scrapbooks. The collection is arranged by both content and materials types and have been organized into the following series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I: Biographical Files, 1900-1991, contains the files of individuals who were instrumental in the creation and/or the operations of the Children's Home Society of Florida. Correspondence makes up the majority of this series as it show the creation of the society (Comstock, Harkins, Seaton), its resurrection (Fagg), and its continued operations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: State Organizational Files, 1886-2000, includes files that were used in the operations of the society as a whole. Financial documents, correspondence, reports, as well as the meeting minutes of the various committees that ran the society can be found in this series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Division Files, 1921-circa 1995, consists of files for local divisions located throughout the state. Some divisions are no longer in operation, having been closed completely or absorbed into another division. These older divisions can be found here in their original name. Meeting minutes for each division are also located here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997, holds both audio and visual media used by the Children's Home Society of Florida in promoting their society as well as raising funds.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Ledger and Scrapbooks, 1902-1978, includes miscellaneous ledger and scrapbooks created by the Children's Home Society of Florida. The ledger books vary in format but are generally are either inventory or accounting in nature. The scrapbooks are made up of five volumes, all created by workers at the Children's Home Society of Florida. News clippings make up the majority of the scrapbooks contents but some do contain publications made by the Children's Home Society of Florida. There are also four Rose Keller Home scrapbooks made by workers at the Rose Keller Division in Lakeland, Florida. The Rose Keller Home scrapbooks give a brief history of the division as well as chronicle events at the home.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Additional Materials, 1862-2012, holds additional materials received from the Children's Home Society of Florida including organizational files, ephemera, photographs and audio/visual materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains personal and organizational papers, photographs, audio and visual materials, as well as ledgers and scrapbooks. The collection is arranged by both content and materials types and have been organized into the following series:","\nSeries I: Biographical Files, 1900-1991, contains the files of individuals who were instrumental in the creation and/or the operations of the Children's Home Society of Florida. Correspondence makes up the majority of this series as it show the creation of the society (Comstock, Harkins, Seaton), its resurrection (Fagg), and its continued operations.","\nSeries II: State Organizational Files, 1886-2000, includes files that were used in the operations of the society as a whole. Financial documents, correspondence, reports, as well as the meeting minutes of the various committees that ran the society can be found in this series.","\nSeries III: Division Files, 1921-circa 1995, consists of files for local divisions located throughout the state. Some divisions are no longer in operation, having been closed completely or absorbed into another division. These older divisions can be found here in their original name. Meeting minutes for each division are also located here.","\nSeries IV: Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997, holds both audio and visual media used by the Children's Home Society of Florida in promoting their society as well as raising funds.","\nSeries V: Ledger and Scrapbooks, 1902-1978, includes miscellaneous ledger and scrapbooks created by the Children's Home Society of Florida. The ledger books vary in format but are generally are either inventory or accounting in nature. The scrapbooks are made up of five volumes, all created by workers at the Children's Home Society of Florida. News clippings make up the majority of the scrapbooks contents but some do contain publications made by the Children's Home Society of Florida. There are also four Rose Keller Home scrapbooks made by workers at the Rose Keller Division in Lakeland, Florida. The Rose Keller Home scrapbooks give a brief history of the division as well as chronicle events at the home.","\nSeries VI: Additional Materials, 1862-2012, holds additional materials received from the Children's Home Society of Florida including organizational files, ephemera, photographs and audio/visual materials."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Copyright Statement"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_116bbdee47170dbab5d0053b5cc9d529\"\u003eThe Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains organizational papers and ephemera that document the creation and operations of Florida's oldest non-profit adoption agency. The collection includes organizational papers from its state and local divisions, photographs, news clippings, audio and visual media, scrapbooks, and blueprints of the many receiving homes in the state, but does not contain adoption records. Adoption records remain at the CHSFL Adoption Archive and are available by contacting the society directly.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains organizational papers and ephemera that document the creation and operations of Florida's oldest non-profit adoption agency. The collection includes organizational papers from its state and local divisions, photographs, news clippings, audio and visual media, scrapbooks, and blueprints of the many receiving homes in the state, but does not contain adoption records. Adoption records remain at the CHSFL Adoption Archive and are available by contacting the society directly."],"names_coll_ssim":["Florida. Department of Children and Families","Child Welfare League of America","Florida. State Board of Public Welfare"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Children's Home Society of Florida","Florida. Department of Children and Families","Child Welfare League of America","Florida. State Board of Public Welfare"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Children's Home Society of Florida","Florida. Department of Children and Families","Child Welfare League of America","Florida. State Board of Public Welfare"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1225,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870857973089173504,"_root_":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:06:38.475Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_1e04f5074b38252c009c2a6c5bdf001e"}},{"id":"efd46fa5141b8bb7e0709eb9_aspace_f4e665f02b7c1db2470b65d6d01eca39","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Heim, Scott, 1994","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/efd46fa5141b8bb7e0709eb9_aspace_f4e665f02b7c1db2470b65d6d01eca39#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_f4e665f02b7c1db2470b65d6d01eca39","ref_ssm":["aspace_f4e665f02b7c1db2470b65d6d01eca39","aspace_f4e665f02b7c1db2470b65d6d01eca39"],"id":"efd46fa5141b8bb7e0709eb9_aspace_f4e665f02b7c1db2470b65d6d01eca39","title_filing_ssi":"Heim, Scott","title_ssm":["Heim, Scott"],"title_tesim":["Heim, Scott"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1994"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1994"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Heim, Scott, 1994"],"text":["Heim, Scott, 1994","Connie May Fowler Collection, 1990-1998","Correspondence, 1990-1998","/repositories/3/archival_objects/4563","box 7","folder 79"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["efd46fa5141b8bb7e0709eb9","efd46fa5141b8bb7e0709eb9_aspace_81a62dbdebf76cc45b103c5f191d3b0e"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Connie May Fowler Collection, 1990-1998","Correspondence, 1990-1998"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Connie May Fowler Collection, 1990-1998","Correspondence, 1990-1998"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/3/archival_objects/4563"],"repository_ssim":["Bienes Museum of the Modern Book: The Dianne and Michael Bienes Special Collections and Rare Book Library"],"collection_ssim":["Connie May Fowler Collection, 1990-1998"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":90,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The Connie May Fowler collection is open for research."],"date_range_isim":[1994],"containers_ssim":["box 7","folder 79"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#23","_nest_parent_":"efd46fa5141b8bb7e0709eb9_aspace_81a62dbdebf76cc45b103c5f191d3b0e","_root_":"efd46fa5141b8bb7e0709eb9","_version_":1870839700249378816,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T03:16:12.239Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"efd46fa5141b8bb7e0709eb9","title_filing_ssi":"Fowler, Connie May Collection","title_ssm":["Connie May Fowler Collection"],"title_tesim":["Connie May Fowler Collection"],"ead_ssi":"efd46fa5141b8bb7e0709eb9","unitdate_ssm":["1990-1998"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1990-1998"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["File","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["BIENES.1997.4","/repositories/3/resources/180"],"text":["BIENES.1997.4","/repositories/3/resources/180","Connie May Fowler Collection, 1990-1998","Southern States","American fiction","Domestic fiction, American","Historical fiction, American","African American women -- Fiction","American literature","American literature -- Southern States","African Americans -- Fiction","African American women in literature","Interracial friendship in literature","Race relations in literature","Haitian Americans","Manuscripts","The Connie May Fowler collection is open for research.","View a selection of digitized materials from the Connie May Fowler Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives.","The collection is arranged into five series: Series I: Manuscripts, Series II: Newspaper articles, Interviews, Speeches, Series III: Writing by others, Series IV: Correspondence, and Series V: Audiovisual materials.","Connie May Fowler (C. M. Fowler) was born in North Carolina on January 3, 1960 and lived in Florida, Vermont and Mexico. She is an American novelist, essayist, memoirist, screenwriter, poet, and teacher. She earned her Bachelor of Arts degree at Tampa University, a Master of Arts degree in the University of Kansas, and became a core faculty member at Vermont College of Fine Arts (VCFA).C. M. Fowler is the author of 8 books: How Clarissa Burden Learned How to Fly; Sugar Cage; River of Hidden Dreams; The problem with Murmur Lee; Remembering Blue; Before Women Had Wings; A Million Fragile Bones; and, When Katie Wakes. Her work has been translated in 18 languages and is published worldwide. Fowler explores in her novels Southern themes such as interracial connections and relationships between black and white women with a Floridian background. Fowler's inspiration in her novels is based on her family life and experience lived in Central Florida. ","She is the recipient of the Chatauqua South Library Award, the 1996 Southern Book Critics Circle Award, and the Francis Buck Award from the League of American Pen Women. Three of her novels have been Dublin International Literary Award nominees. She also directs the the Vermont College of Fine Arts Novel retreat held each May in Montpellier, Vermont. For ten years, she directed various writing conferences in Florida, including the St-Augustine Writers Conference. From 1997-2003 she directed the Connie May Fowler Women Wings Foundation, an organization that served at risk women and children. From 2003–2007, she was the Irving Bacheller Professor of Creative Writing at Rollins College and directed their author series \"Winter With the Writers.\"","The Connie May Fowler Collection documents the career of Florida novelist Connie May Fowler from 1990 to 1998. The collection is comprised of manuscripts, prepress proofs, galleys, newspapers articles, correspondence, interviews, speeches, a VHS cassette, and a teleplay script. The materials highlight some of Fowler's work such as \"Sugar Cage\", \"Ave Erzulie\", \"Before Women had Wings\", \"Sparrow Hunter\", \"River of Hidden Dreams\", \"Onedia Looney\", and \"Listening For Light\". The collection also contains a manuscript of \"Charms For Easy Life\" by the author Kaye Gibbons.","The collection is comprised of manuscripts, prepress proofs, galleys, newspapers articles, correspondence, interviews, speeches, and scripts documenting the career of Connie May Fowler, an American novelist, essayist, memoirist, screenwriter, poet, and teacher","Bienes Museum of the Modern Book: The Dianne and Michael Bienes Special Collections and Rare Book Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["BIENES.1997.4","/repositories/3/resources/180"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1990-1998"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Connie May Fowler Collection, 1990-1998"],"collection_title_tesim":["Connie May Fowler Collection, 1990-1998"],"collection_ssim":["Connie May Fowler Collection, 1990-1998"],"repository_ssm":["Bienes Museum of the Modern Book: The Dianne and Michael Bienes Special Collections and Rare Book Library"],"repository_ssim":["Bienes Museum of the Modern Book: The Dianne and Michael Bienes Special Collections and Rare Book Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Southern States"],"geogname_ssim":["Southern States"],"places_ssim":["Southern States"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Connie May Fowler donated the collection to the Bienes Museum of the Modern Book on February 11, 1997. She donated an accrual on July 31, 1997."],"access_subjects_ssim":["American fiction","Domestic fiction, American","Historical fiction, American","African American women -- Fiction","American literature","American literature -- Southern States","African Americans -- Fiction","African American women in literature","Interracial friendship in literature","Race relations in literature","Haitian Americans","Manuscripts"],"access_subjects_ssm":["American fiction","Domestic fiction, American","Historical fiction, American","African American women -- Fiction","American literature","American literature -- Southern States","African Americans -- Fiction","African American women in literature","Interracial friendship in literature","Race relations in literature","Haitian Americans","Manuscripts"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7 Hollinger Boxes","4.08 Linear Feet (7 containers)"],"extent_tesim":["7 Hollinger Boxes","4.08 Linear Feet (7 containers)"],"genreform_ssim":["Manuscripts"],"date_range_isim":[1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Connie May Fowler collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The Connie May Fowler collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://digitalarchives.broward.org/digital/collection/p16146coll36\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eView a selection of digitized materials from the Connie May Fowler Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Digitized Materials"],"altformavail_tesim":["View a selection of digitized materials from the Connie May Fowler Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into five series: Series I: Manuscripts, Series II: Newspaper articles, Interviews, Speeches, Series III: Writing by others, Series IV: Correspondence, and Series V: Audiovisual materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into five series: Series I: Manuscripts, Series II: Newspaper articles, Interviews, Speeches, Series III: Writing by others, Series IV: Correspondence, and Series V: Audiovisual materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConnie May Fowler (C. M. Fowler) was born in North Carolina on January 3, 1960 and lived in Florida, Vermont and Mexico. She is an American novelist, essayist, memoirist, screenwriter, poet, and teacher. She earned her Bachelor of Arts degree at Tampa University, a Master of Arts degree in the University of Kansas, and became a core faculty member at Vermont College of Fine Arts (VCFA).C. M. Fowler is the author of 8 books: How Clarissa Burden Learned How to Fly; Sugar Cage; River of Hidden Dreams; The problem with Murmur Lee; Remembering Blue; Before Women Had Wings; A Million Fragile Bones; and, When Katie Wakes. Her work has been translated in 18 languages and is published worldwide. Fowler explores in her novels Southern themes such as interracial connections and relationships between black and white women with a Floridian background. Fowler's inspiration in her novels is based on her family life and experience lived in Central Florida. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShe is the recipient of the Chatauqua South Library Award, the 1996 Southern Book Critics Circle Award, and the Francis Buck Award from the League of American Pen Women. Three of her novels have been Dublin International Literary Award nominees. She also directs the the Vermont College of Fine Arts Novel retreat held each May in Montpellier, Vermont. For ten years, she directed various writing conferences in Florida, including the St-Augustine Writers Conference. From 1997-2003 she directed the Connie May Fowler Women Wings Foundation, an organization that served at risk women and children. From 2003\u0026#x2013;2007, she was the Irving Bacheller Professor of Creative Writing at Rollins College and directed their author series \"Winter With the Writers.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Connie May Fowler (C. M. Fowler) was born in North Carolina on January 3, 1960 and lived in Florida, Vermont and Mexico. She is an American novelist, essayist, memoirist, screenwriter, poet, and teacher. She earned her Bachelor of Arts degree at Tampa University, a Master of Arts degree in the University of Kansas, and became a core faculty member at Vermont College of Fine Arts (VCFA).C. M. Fowler is the author of 8 books: How Clarissa Burden Learned How to Fly; Sugar Cage; River of Hidden Dreams; The problem with Murmur Lee; Remembering Blue; Before Women Had Wings; A Million Fragile Bones; and, When Katie Wakes. Her work has been translated in 18 languages and is published worldwide. Fowler explores in her novels Southern themes such as interracial connections and relationships between black and white women with a Floridian background. Fowler's inspiration in her novels is based on her family life and experience lived in Central Florida. ","She is the recipient of the Chatauqua South Library Award, the 1996 Southern Book Critics Circle Award, and the Francis Buck Award from the League of American Pen Women. Three of her novels have been Dublin International Literary Award nominees. She also directs the the Vermont College of Fine Arts Novel retreat held each May in Montpellier, Vermont. For ten years, she directed various writing conferences in Florida, including the St-Augustine Writers Conference. From 1997-2003 she directed the Connie May Fowler Women Wings Foundation, an organization that served at risk women and children. From 2003–2007, she was the Irving Bacheller Professor of Creative Writing at Rollins College and directed their author series \"Winter With the Writers.\""],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConnie May Fowler Collection, The Bienes Museum of Modern Book, Broward County Library\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Connie May Fowler Collection, The Bienes Museum of Modern Book, Broward County Library"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Connie May Fowler Collection documents the career of Florida novelist Connie May Fowler from 1990 to 1998. The collection is comprised of manuscripts, prepress proofs, galleys, newspapers articles, correspondence, interviews, speeches, a VHS cassette, and a teleplay script. The materials highlight some of Fowler's work such as \"Sugar Cage\", \"Ave Erzulie\", \"Before Women had Wings\", \"Sparrow Hunter\", \"River of Hidden Dreams\", \"Onedia Looney\", and \"Listening For Light\". The collection also contains a manuscript of \"Charms For Easy Life\" by the author Kaye Gibbons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is comprised of manuscripts, prepress proofs, galleys, newspapers articles, correspondence, interviews, speeches, and scripts documenting the career of Connie May Fowler, an American novelist, essayist, memoirist, screenwriter, poet, and teacher\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Abstract"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Connie May Fowler Collection documents the career of Florida novelist Connie May Fowler from 1990 to 1998. The collection is comprised of manuscripts, prepress proofs, galleys, newspapers articles, correspondence, interviews, speeches, a VHS cassette, and a teleplay script. The materials highlight some of Fowler's work such as \"Sugar Cage\", \"Ave Erzulie\", \"Before Women had Wings\", \"Sparrow Hunter\", \"River of Hidden Dreams\", \"Onedia Looney\", and \"Listening For Light\". The collection also contains a manuscript of \"Charms For Easy Life\" by the author Kaye Gibbons.","The collection is comprised of manuscripts, prepress proofs, galleys, newspapers articles, correspondence, interviews, speeches, and scripts documenting the career of Connie May Fowler, an American novelist, essayist, memoirist, screenwriter, poet, and teacher"],"names_ssim":["Bienes Museum of the Modern Book: The Dianne and Michael Bienes Special Collections and Rare Book Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Bienes Museum of the Modern Book: The Dianne and Michael Bienes Special Collections and Rare Book Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":130,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870839700249378816,"_root_":"efd46fa5141b8bb7e0709eb9","timestamp":"2026-07-16T03:16:12.239Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/efd46fa5141b8bb7e0709eb9_aspace_f4e665f02b7c1db2470b65d6d01eca39"}},{"id":"5704cc28d5311ad5f4edd43f_aspace_b0e8399ef4700980c8d0d0276d917160","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Heintz, Chris - Baseball, 1993-1996","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5704cc28d5311ad5f4edd43f_aspace_b0e8399ef4700980c8d0d0276d917160#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_b0e8399ef4700980c8d0d0276d917160","ref_ssm":["aspace_b0e8399ef4700980c8d0d0276d917160","aspace_b0e8399ef4700980c8d0d0276d917160"],"id":"5704cc28d5311ad5f4edd43f_aspace_b0e8399ef4700980c8d0d0276d917160","title_filing_ssi":"Heintz, Chris - Baseball ","title_ssm":["Heintz, Chris - Baseball "],"title_tesim":["Heintz, Chris - Baseball "],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1993-1996"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1993-1996"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Heintz, Chris - Baseball, 1993-1996"],"text":["Heintz, Chris - Baseball, 1993-1996","USF Athletics collection, bulk 1956-Present","Documents","Box 132","Folder 47","/repositories/2/archival_objects/147965","box 132","folder 47"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["5704cc28d5311ad5f4edd43f","5704cc28d5311ad5f4edd43f_aspace_208889aefd4e9b87499a5d82c090f5e1","5704cc28d5311ad5f4edd43f_aspace_df5f68a5af86937feba34b787aab8128"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["USF Athletics collection, bulk 1956-Present","Documents","Box 132"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["USF Athletics collection, bulk 1956-Present","Documents","Box 132"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Box"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 47","/repositories/2/archival_objects/147965"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["USF Athletics collection, bulk 1956-Present"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":1898,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"date_range_isim":[1993,1994,1995,1996],"containers_ssim":["box 132","folder 47"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#131/components#46","_nest_parent_":"5704cc28d5311ad5f4edd43f_aspace_df5f68a5af86937feba34b787aab8128","_root_":"5704cc28d5311ad5f4edd43f","_version_":1870863599522545664,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:36:04.168Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"5704cc28d5311ad5f4edd43f","title_ssm":["USF Athletics collection"],"title_tesim":["USF Athletics collection"],"ead_ssi":"5704cc28d5311ad5f4edd43f","unitdate_ssm":["1956-Present"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1956-Present"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-2021-05","/repositories/2/resources/593"],"text":["MS-2021-05","/repositories/2/resources/593","USF Athletics collection, bulk 1956-Present","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-2021-05","/repositories/2/resources/593"],"normalized_date_ssm":["bulk 1956-Present"],"normalized_title_ssm":["USF Athletics collection, bulk 1956-Present"],"collection_title_tesim":["USF Athletics collection, bulk 1956-Present"],"collection_ssim":["USF Athletics collection, bulk 1956-Present"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"access_terms_ssm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["122.74 Linear Feet","232 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["122.74 Linear Feet","232 boxes"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0;The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":3281,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870863599522545664,"_root_":"5704cc28d5311ad5f4edd43f","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:36:04.168Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5704cc28d5311ad5f4edd43f_aspace_b0e8399ef4700980c8d0d0276d917160"}},{"id":"36fec5a8e863fc66e43f7e67","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Helen E. Walsh Collection, 1942-2004, Date acquired: 06/14/2004, bulk 1942-1945","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/36fec5a8e863fc66e43f7e67#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/36fec5a8e863fc66e43f7e67#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eHelen E. Walsh served in the Women's Army Corps from September 1942 to October 1945. She served as an artificer in Oran, Algeria, North Africa; Caserta, Italy; and Dijon, France. She earned three major battle stars for her service close to the front lines in three major battle areas of the European Theater, including Rome-Arno, North Apennines, and Rhineland. She was a Sergeant Major when she received an honorable medical discharge. Walsh remained active in the National Association of Women's Veterans, and kept extensive scrapbooks about her own service in the WAC, and of World War II in general. \u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/36fec5a8e863fc66e43f7e67#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"36fec5a8e863fc66e43f7e67","title_filing_ssi":"Walsh, Helen E. Collection","title_ssm":["Helen E. Walsh Collection"],"title_tesim":["Helen E. Walsh Collection"],"ead_ssi":"36fec5a8e863fc66e43f7e67","unitdate_ssm":["1942-2004","1942-1945","Date acquired: 06/14/2004"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1942-1945"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1942-2004"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 06/14/2004"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["04.0174","/repositories/10/resources/1018"],"text":["04.0174","/repositories/10/resources/1018","Helen E. Walsh Collection, 1942-2004, Date acquired: 06/14/2004, bulk 1942-1945","Fort Des Moines (Iowa)","Fort Devens (Mass.)","Camp Polk (La.)","Norfolk (Va.)","Oran (Algeria)","Caserta (Italy)","Dijon (France)","Fort Bragg (N.C.)","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy--Arno River Valley","World War, 1939-1945","United States--Armed Forces--Uniforms","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Algeria","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Africa, North","This collection is open to all researchers.","Helen Elizabeth Walsh was born August 10, 1914, in McGregor, Iowa. She was the youngest of five children and walked six miles to school every day in the countryside when she was a kid. She graduated high school as valedictorian in 1934 and went to Midland Linotype School in Charles City, Iowa. She worked as a linotype operator in Morning Sun, Iowa; Floyd, Iowa; and eventually in Fernandina, Florida.\n On September 26, 1942, at the age of twenty-eight, Walsh was one of the first women to enlist in the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps at Camp Blanding, Florida. She went to basic training in Des Moines, Iowa, on October 13, 1942. She served in the 8th Company, 2nd Battalion, \"Pee Wee\" Platoon. Prior to her overseas service, Walsh was stationed in Norfolk, Virginia, performing radar communications work for the Norfolk Virginia Air Corps from November 11, 1942, to March 22, 1943. She was stationed at Camp Polk, Louisiana, for training from March 22, 1943, to May 25, 1943. She completed training at Fort Devens, Massachusetts, from May 25, 1943, until August 1943.\n Walsh shipped out to Oran, Algeria, North Africa, on August 12, 1943. She served in Oran from September 1943 to July 1944. She first served in the air corps as a Technician 5th Class. Her role in the Women's Army Corps was as an artificer; she had her own workshop and fixed things like water works, irons, broken mirrors, etc. She had four young Algerian boys working in her workshop to keep it clean, and she lived in a tent with three other WACs. From July 1944 to November 1944, Walsh served in Caserta, Italy, as an artificer. She was promoted to Technician 4th class on October 23, 1944. In November 1944, she was stationed in Dijon, France, and was promoted to Sergeant in December 1944.\n In May 1945, Walsh shipped to Charleston, South Carolina, on the Army Hospital Ship Algonquin. She had debilitating pain in her jaw from numerous cysts. She received an Honorable Medical Discharge from the Army at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, on October 3, 1945. During World War II, Walsh provided war products and communications services to the front lines in Algeria, Italy, and France. She earned three major battle stars for her service close to the front lines in three major battle areas of the European Theater, including Rome-Arno, North Apennines, and Rhineland.\n After World War II, Walsh created scrapbooks containing extensive information about her personal WAC experiences; photographs from her time overseas; and newspaper clippings about herself, other WACs, and the war in general. She continued her work as a linotype operator for newspapers in Iowa, Minnesota, and Florida, before developing her own successful business in real estate property management when she settled in Decatur, Georgia. She was a member of the Atlanta World War II Roundtable and Avondale American Legion Post 66 and was involved in the National Association of Women Veterans. Walsh died in Decatur, Georgia, on December 24, 2007, at the age of 93.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","Processed February 2017; Updated June 2020","Helen E. Walsh served in the Women's Army Corps from September 1942 to October 1945. She served as an artificer in Oran, Algeria, North Africa; Caserta, Italy; and Dijon, France. She earned three major battle stars for her service close to the front lines in three major battle areas of the European Theater, including Rome-Arno, North Apennines, and Rhineland. She was a Sergeant Major when she received an honorable medical discharge. Walsh remained active in the National Association of Women's Veterans, and kept extensive scrapbooks about her own service in the WAC, and of World War II in general.\n The collection contains 1 box of documents and clippings about Walsh during and after her Army service, 1/2 box of photographs Walsh took while serving overseas, 2 artifact boxes containing Walsh's Army equipment and items she collected overseas, and 4 Women's Army Corps uniform pieces.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Camp Blanding (Fla.)","United States. Army. Women's Army Corps","Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007","English"],"unitid_tesim":["04.0174","/repositories/10/resources/1018"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1942-2004, Date acquired: 06/14/2004, bulk 1942-1945"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Helen E. Walsh Collection, 1942-2004, Date acquired: 06/14/2004, bulk 1942-1945"],"collection_title_tesim":["Helen E. Walsh Collection, 1942-2004, Date acquired: 06/14/2004, bulk 1942-1945"],"collection_ssim":["Helen E. Walsh Collection, 1942-2004, Date acquired: 06/14/2004, bulk 1942-1945"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Fort Des Moines (Iowa)","Fort Devens (Mass.)","Camp Polk (La.)","Norfolk (Va.)","Oran (Algeria)","Caserta (Italy)","Dijon (France)","Fort Bragg (N.C.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Fort Des Moines (Iowa)","Fort Devens (Mass.)","Camp Polk (La.)","Norfolk (Va.)","Oran (Algeria)","Caserta (Italy)","Dijon (France)","Fort Bragg (N.C.)"],"creator_ssm":["Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007"],"creator_ssim":["Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007"],"creators_ssim":["Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007"],"places_ssim":["Fort Des Moines (Iowa)","Fort Devens (Mass.)","Camp Polk (La.)","Norfolk (Va.)","Oran (Algeria)","Caserta (Italy)","Dijon (France)","Fort Bragg (N.C.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Helen E. Walsh","Donated"],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy--Arno River Valley","World War, 1939-1945","United States--Armed Forces--Uniforms","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Algeria","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Africa, North"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy--Arno River Valley","World War, 1939-1945","United States--Armed Forces--Uniforms","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Algeria","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Africa, North"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.5 boxes Gen Coll: [1] Full Box; PH Coll: (1) 1/2 box; AT Coll: [2] Full Boxes; Oversize\nUniform Box 1; Gen Coll: Oversize Box 5; Uniform Rack 2"],"extent_tesim":["2.5 boxes Gen Coll: [1] Full Box; PH Coll: (1) 1/2 box; AT Coll: [2] Full Boxes; Oversize\nUniform Box 1; Gen Coll: Oversize Box 5; Uniform Rack 2"],"date_range_isim":[1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHelen Elizabeth Walsh was born August 10, 1914, in McGregor, Iowa. She was the youngest of five children and walked six miles to school every day in the countryside when she was a kid. She graduated high school as valedictorian in 1934 and went to Midland Linotype School in Charles City, Iowa. She worked as a linotype operator in Morning Sun, Iowa; Floyd, Iowa; and eventually in Fernandina, Florida.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOn September 26, 1942, at the age of twenty-eight, Walsh was one of the first women to enlist in the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps at Camp Blanding, Florida. She went to basic training in Des Moines, Iowa, on October 13, 1942. She served in the 8th Company, 2nd Battalion, \"Pee Wee\" Platoon. Prior to her overseas service, Walsh was stationed in Norfolk, Virginia, performing radar communications work for the Norfolk Virginia Air Corps from November 11, 1942, to March 22, 1943. She was stationed at Camp Polk, Louisiana, for training from March 22, 1943, to May 25, 1943. She completed training at Fort Devens, Massachusetts, from May 25, 1943, until August 1943.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWalsh shipped out to Oran, Algeria, North Africa, on August 12, 1943. She served in Oran from September 1943 to July 1944. She first served in the air corps as a Technician 5th Class. Her role in the Women's Army Corps was as an artificer; she had her own workshop and fixed things like water works, irons, broken mirrors, etc. She had four young Algerian boys working in her workshop to keep it clean, and she lived in a tent with three other WACs. From July 1944 to November 1944, Walsh served in Caserta, Italy, as an artificer. She was promoted to Technician 4th class on October 23, 1944. In November 1944, she was stationed in Dijon, France, and was promoted to Sergeant in December 1944.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn May 1945, Walsh shipped to Charleston, South Carolina, on the Army Hospital Ship Algonquin. She had debilitating pain in her jaw from numerous cysts. She received an Honorable Medical Discharge from the Army at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, on October 3, 1945. During World War II, Walsh provided war products and communications services to the front lines in Algeria, Italy, and France. She earned three major battle stars for her service close to the front lines in three major battle areas of the European Theater, including Rome-Arno, North Apennines, and Rhineland.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAfter World War II, Walsh created scrapbooks containing extensive information about her personal WAC experiences; photographs from her time overseas; and newspaper clippings about herself, other WACs, and the war in general. She continued her work as a linotype operator for newspapers in Iowa, Minnesota, and Florida, before developing her own successful business in real estate property management when she settled in Decatur, Georgia. She was a member of the Atlanta World War II Roundtable and Avondale American Legion Post 66 and was involved in the National Association of Women Veterans. Walsh died in Decatur, Georgia, on December 24, 2007, at the age of 93.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Helen Elizabeth Walsh was born August 10, 1914, in McGregor, Iowa. She was the youngest of five children and walked six miles to school every day in the countryside when she was a kid. She graduated high school as valedictorian in 1934 and went to Midland Linotype School in Charles City, Iowa. She worked as a linotype operator in Morning Sun, Iowa; Floyd, Iowa; and eventually in Fernandina, Florida.\n On September 26, 1942, at the age of twenty-eight, Walsh was one of the first women to enlist in the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps at Camp Blanding, Florida. She went to basic training in Des Moines, Iowa, on October 13, 1942. She served in the 8th Company, 2nd Battalion, \"Pee Wee\" Platoon. Prior to her overseas service, Walsh was stationed in Norfolk, Virginia, performing radar communications work for the Norfolk Virginia Air Corps from November 11, 1942, to March 22, 1943. She was stationed at Camp Polk, Louisiana, for training from March 22, 1943, to May 25, 1943. She completed training at Fort Devens, Massachusetts, from May 25, 1943, until August 1943.\n Walsh shipped out to Oran, Algeria, North Africa, on August 12, 1943. She served in Oran from September 1943 to July 1944. She first served in the air corps as a Technician 5th Class. Her role in the Women's Army Corps was as an artificer; she had her own workshop and fixed things like water works, irons, broken mirrors, etc. She had four young Algerian boys working in her workshop to keep it clean, and she lived in a tent with three other WACs. From July 1944 to November 1944, Walsh served in Caserta, Italy, as an artificer. She was promoted to Technician 4th class on October 23, 1944. In November 1944, she was stationed in Dijon, France, and was promoted to Sergeant in December 1944.\n In May 1945, Walsh shipped to Charleston, South Carolina, on the Army Hospital Ship Algonquin. She had debilitating pain in her jaw from numerous cysts. She received an Honorable Medical Discharge from the Army at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, on October 3, 1945. During World War II, Walsh provided war products and communications services to the front lines in Algeria, Italy, and France. She earned three major battle stars for her service close to the front lines in three major battle areas of the European Theater, including Rome-Arno, North Apennines, and Rhineland.\n After World War II, Walsh created scrapbooks containing extensive information about her personal WAC experiences; photographs from her time overseas; and newspaper clippings about herself, other WACs, and the war in general. She continued her work as a linotype operator for newspapers in Iowa, Minnesota, and Florida, before developing her own successful business in real estate property management when she settled in Decatur, Georgia. She was a member of the Atlanta World War II Roundtable and Avondale American Legion Post 66 and was involved in the National Association of Women Veterans. Walsh died in Decatur, Georgia, on December 24, 2007, at the age of 93."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Helen E. Walsh Collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_04_0174\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_04_0174\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Helen E. Walsh Collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_04_0174 ."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed February 2017; Updated June 2020\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed February 2017; Updated June 2020"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHelen E. Walsh served in the Women's Army Corps from September 1942 to October 1945. She served as an artificer in Oran, Algeria, North Africa; Caserta, Italy; and Dijon, France. She earned three major battle stars for her service close to the front lines in three major battle areas of the European Theater, including Rome-Arno, North Apennines, and Rhineland. She was a Sergeant Major when she received an honorable medical discharge. Walsh remained active in the National Association of Women's Veterans, and kept extensive scrapbooks about her own service in the WAC, and of World War II in general.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe collection contains 1 box of documents and clippings about Walsh during and after her Army service, 1/2 box of photographs Walsh took while serving overseas, 2 artifact boxes containing Walsh's Army equipment and items she collected overseas, and 4 Women's Army Corps uniform pieces.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Helen E. Walsh served in the Women's Army Corps from September 1942 to October 1945. She served as an artificer in Oran, Algeria, North Africa; Caserta, Italy; and Dijon, France. She earned three major battle stars for her service close to the front lines in three major battle areas of the European Theater, including Rome-Arno, North Apennines, and Rhineland. She was a Sergeant Major when she received an honorable medical discharge. Walsh remained active in the National Association of Women's Veterans, and kept extensive scrapbooks about her own service in the WAC, and of World War II in general.\n The collection contains 1 box of documents and clippings about Walsh during and after her Army service, 1/2 box of photographs Walsh took while serving overseas, 2 artifact boxes containing Walsh's Army equipment and items she collected overseas, and 4 Women's Army Corps uniform pieces."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_coll_ssim":["Camp Blanding (Fla.)","United States. Army. Women's Army Corps"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Camp Blanding (Fla.)","United States. Army. Women's Army Corps","Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Camp Blanding (Fla.)","United States. Army. Women's Army Corps"],"persname_ssim":["Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":65,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870856701273440256,"_root_":"36fec5a8e863fc66e43f7e67","timestamp":"2026-07-16T07:46:25.679Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"36fec5a8e863fc66e43f7e67","title_filing_ssi":"Walsh, Helen E. Collection","title_ssm":["Helen E. Walsh Collection"],"title_tesim":["Helen E. Walsh Collection"],"ead_ssi":"36fec5a8e863fc66e43f7e67","unitdate_ssm":["1942-2004","1942-1945","Date acquired: 06/14/2004"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1942-1945"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1942-2004"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 06/14/2004"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["04.0174","/repositories/10/resources/1018"],"text":["04.0174","/repositories/10/resources/1018","Helen E. Walsh Collection, 1942-2004, Date acquired: 06/14/2004, bulk 1942-1945","Fort Des Moines (Iowa)","Fort Devens (Mass.)","Camp Polk (La.)","Norfolk (Va.)","Oran (Algeria)","Caserta (Italy)","Dijon (France)","Fort Bragg (N.C.)","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy--Arno River Valley","World War, 1939-1945","United States--Armed Forces--Uniforms","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Algeria","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Africa, North","This collection is open to all researchers.","Helen Elizabeth Walsh was born August 10, 1914, in McGregor, Iowa. She was the youngest of five children and walked six miles to school every day in the countryside when she was a kid. She graduated high school as valedictorian in 1934 and went to Midland Linotype School in Charles City, Iowa. She worked as a linotype operator in Morning Sun, Iowa; Floyd, Iowa; and eventually in Fernandina, Florida.\n On September 26, 1942, at the age of twenty-eight, Walsh was one of the first women to enlist in the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps at Camp Blanding, Florida. She went to basic training in Des Moines, Iowa, on October 13, 1942. She served in the 8th Company, 2nd Battalion, \"Pee Wee\" Platoon. Prior to her overseas service, Walsh was stationed in Norfolk, Virginia, performing radar communications work for the Norfolk Virginia Air Corps from November 11, 1942, to March 22, 1943. She was stationed at Camp Polk, Louisiana, for training from March 22, 1943, to May 25, 1943. She completed training at Fort Devens, Massachusetts, from May 25, 1943, until August 1943.\n Walsh shipped out to Oran, Algeria, North Africa, on August 12, 1943. She served in Oran from September 1943 to July 1944. She first served in the air corps as a Technician 5th Class. Her role in the Women's Army Corps was as an artificer; she had her own workshop and fixed things like water works, irons, broken mirrors, etc. She had four young Algerian boys working in her workshop to keep it clean, and she lived in a tent with three other WACs. From July 1944 to November 1944, Walsh served in Caserta, Italy, as an artificer. She was promoted to Technician 4th class on October 23, 1944. In November 1944, she was stationed in Dijon, France, and was promoted to Sergeant in December 1944.\n In May 1945, Walsh shipped to Charleston, South Carolina, on the Army Hospital Ship Algonquin. She had debilitating pain in her jaw from numerous cysts. She received an Honorable Medical Discharge from the Army at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, on October 3, 1945. During World War II, Walsh provided war products and communications services to the front lines in Algeria, Italy, and France. She earned three major battle stars for her service close to the front lines in three major battle areas of the European Theater, including Rome-Arno, North Apennines, and Rhineland.\n After World War II, Walsh created scrapbooks containing extensive information about her personal WAC experiences; photographs from her time overseas; and newspaper clippings about herself, other WACs, and the war in general. She continued her work as a linotype operator for newspapers in Iowa, Minnesota, and Florida, before developing her own successful business in real estate property management when she settled in Decatur, Georgia. She was a member of the Atlanta World War II Roundtable and Avondale American Legion Post 66 and was involved in the National Association of Women Veterans. Walsh died in Decatur, Georgia, on December 24, 2007, at the age of 93.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","Processed February 2017; Updated June 2020","Helen E. Walsh served in the Women's Army Corps from September 1942 to October 1945. She served as an artificer in Oran, Algeria, North Africa; Caserta, Italy; and Dijon, France. She earned three major battle stars for her service close to the front lines in three major battle areas of the European Theater, including Rome-Arno, North Apennines, and Rhineland. She was a Sergeant Major when she received an honorable medical discharge. Walsh remained active in the National Association of Women's Veterans, and kept extensive scrapbooks about her own service in the WAC, and of World War II in general.\n The collection contains 1 box of documents and clippings about Walsh during and after her Army service, 1/2 box of photographs Walsh took while serving overseas, 2 artifact boxes containing Walsh's Army equipment and items she collected overseas, and 4 Women's Army Corps uniform pieces.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Camp Blanding (Fla.)","United States. Army. 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Walsh Collection, 1942-2004, Date acquired: 06/14/2004, bulk 1942-1945"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Fort Des Moines (Iowa)","Fort Devens (Mass.)","Camp Polk (La.)","Norfolk (Va.)","Oran (Algeria)","Caserta (Italy)","Dijon (France)","Fort Bragg (N.C.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Fort Des Moines (Iowa)","Fort Devens (Mass.)","Camp Polk (La.)","Norfolk (Va.)","Oran (Algeria)","Caserta (Italy)","Dijon (France)","Fort Bragg (N.C.)"],"creator_ssm":["Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007"],"creator_ssim":["Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007"],"creators_ssim":["Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007"],"places_ssim":["Fort Des Moines (Iowa)","Fort Devens (Mass.)","Camp Polk (La.)","Norfolk (Va.)","Oran (Algeria)","Caserta (Italy)","Dijon (France)","Fort Bragg (N.C.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Helen E. Walsh","Donated"],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy--Arno River Valley","World War, 1939-1945","United States--Armed Forces--Uniforms","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Algeria","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Africa, North"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy--Arno River Valley","World War, 1939-1945","United States--Armed Forces--Uniforms","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Algeria","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Africa, North"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.5 boxes Gen Coll: [1] Full Box; PH Coll: (1) 1/2 box; AT Coll: [2] Full Boxes; Oversize\nUniform Box 1; Gen Coll: Oversize Box 5; Uniform Rack 2"],"extent_tesim":["2.5 boxes Gen Coll: [1] Full Box; PH Coll: (1) 1/2 box; AT Coll: [2] Full Boxes; Oversize\nUniform Box 1; Gen Coll: Oversize Box 5; Uniform Rack 2"],"date_range_isim":[1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHelen Elizabeth Walsh was born August 10, 1914, in McGregor, Iowa. She was the youngest of five children and walked six miles to school every day in the countryside when she was a kid. She graduated high school as valedictorian in 1934 and went to Midland Linotype School in Charles City, Iowa. She worked as a linotype operator in Morning Sun, Iowa; Floyd, Iowa; and eventually in Fernandina, Florida.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOn September 26, 1942, at the age of twenty-eight, Walsh was one of the first women to enlist in the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps at Camp Blanding, Florida. She went to basic training in Des Moines, Iowa, on October 13, 1942. She served in the 8th Company, 2nd Battalion, \"Pee Wee\" Platoon. Prior to her overseas service, Walsh was stationed in Norfolk, Virginia, performing radar communications work for the Norfolk Virginia Air Corps from November 11, 1942, to March 22, 1943. She was stationed at Camp Polk, Louisiana, for training from March 22, 1943, to May 25, 1943. She completed training at Fort Devens, Massachusetts, from May 25, 1943, until August 1943.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWalsh shipped out to Oran, Algeria, North Africa, on August 12, 1943. She served in Oran from September 1943 to July 1944. She first served in the air corps as a Technician 5th Class. Her role in the Women's Army Corps was as an artificer; she had her own workshop and fixed things like water works, irons, broken mirrors, etc. She had four young Algerian boys working in her workshop to keep it clean, and she lived in a tent with three other WACs. From July 1944 to November 1944, Walsh served in Caserta, Italy, as an artificer. She was promoted to Technician 4th class on October 23, 1944. In November 1944, she was stationed in Dijon, France, and was promoted to Sergeant in December 1944.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn May 1945, Walsh shipped to Charleston, South Carolina, on the Army Hospital Ship Algonquin. She had debilitating pain in her jaw from numerous cysts. She received an Honorable Medical Discharge from the Army at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, on October 3, 1945. During World War II, Walsh provided war products and communications services to the front lines in Algeria, Italy, and France. She earned three major battle stars for her service close to the front lines in three major battle areas of the European Theater, including Rome-Arno, North Apennines, and Rhineland.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAfter World War II, Walsh created scrapbooks containing extensive information about her personal WAC experiences; photographs from her time overseas; and newspaper clippings about herself, other WACs, and the war in general. She continued her work as a linotype operator for newspapers in Iowa, Minnesota, and Florida, before developing her own successful business in real estate property management when she settled in Decatur, Georgia. She was a member of the Atlanta World War II Roundtable and Avondale American Legion Post 66 and was involved in the National Association of Women Veterans. Walsh died in Decatur, Georgia, on December 24, 2007, at the age of 93.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Helen Elizabeth Walsh was born August 10, 1914, in McGregor, Iowa. She was the youngest of five children and walked six miles to school every day in the countryside when she was a kid. She graduated high school as valedictorian in 1934 and went to Midland Linotype School in Charles City, Iowa. She worked as a linotype operator in Morning Sun, Iowa; Floyd, Iowa; and eventually in Fernandina, Florida.\n On September 26, 1942, at the age of twenty-eight, Walsh was one of the first women to enlist in the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps at Camp Blanding, Florida. She went to basic training in Des Moines, Iowa, on October 13, 1942. She served in the 8th Company, 2nd Battalion, \"Pee Wee\" Platoon. Prior to her overseas service, Walsh was stationed in Norfolk, Virginia, performing radar communications work for the Norfolk Virginia Air Corps from November 11, 1942, to March 22, 1943. She was stationed at Camp Polk, Louisiana, for training from March 22, 1943, to May 25, 1943. She completed training at Fort Devens, Massachusetts, from May 25, 1943, until August 1943.\n Walsh shipped out to Oran, Algeria, North Africa, on August 12, 1943. She served in Oran from September 1943 to July 1944. She first served in the air corps as a Technician 5th Class. Her role in the Women's Army Corps was as an artificer; she had her own workshop and fixed things like water works, irons, broken mirrors, etc. She had four young Algerian boys working in her workshop to keep it clean, and she lived in a tent with three other WACs. From July 1944 to November 1944, Walsh served in Caserta, Italy, as an artificer. She was promoted to Technician 4th class on October 23, 1944. In November 1944, she was stationed in Dijon, France, and was promoted to Sergeant in December 1944.\n In May 1945, Walsh shipped to Charleston, South Carolina, on the Army Hospital Ship Algonquin. She had debilitating pain in her jaw from numerous cysts. She received an Honorable Medical Discharge from the Army at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, on October 3, 1945. During World War II, Walsh provided war products and communications services to the front lines in Algeria, Italy, and France. She earned three major battle stars for her service close to the front lines in three major battle areas of the European Theater, including Rome-Arno, North Apennines, and Rhineland.\n After World War II, Walsh created scrapbooks containing extensive information about her personal WAC experiences; photographs from her time overseas; and newspaper clippings about herself, other WACs, and the war in general. She continued her work as a linotype operator for newspapers in Iowa, Minnesota, and Florida, before developing her own successful business in real estate property management when she settled in Decatur, Georgia. She was a member of the Atlanta World War II Roundtable and Avondale American Legion Post 66 and was involved in the National Association of Women Veterans. Walsh died in Decatur, Georgia, on December 24, 2007, at the age of 93."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Helen E. Walsh Collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_04_0174\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_04_0174\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Helen E. Walsh Collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_04_0174 ."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed February 2017; Updated June 2020\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed February 2017; Updated June 2020"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHelen E. Walsh served in the Women's Army Corps from September 1942 to October 1945. She served as an artificer in Oran, Algeria, North Africa; Caserta, Italy; and Dijon, France. She earned three major battle stars for her service close to the front lines in three major battle areas of the European Theater, including Rome-Arno, North Apennines, and Rhineland. She was a Sergeant Major when she received an honorable medical discharge. Walsh remained active in the National Association of Women's Veterans, and kept extensive scrapbooks about her own service in the WAC, and of World War II in general.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe collection contains 1 box of documents and clippings about Walsh during and after her Army service, 1/2 box of photographs Walsh took while serving overseas, 2 artifact boxes containing Walsh's Army equipment and items she collected overseas, and 4 Women's Army Corps uniform pieces.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Helen E. Walsh served in the Women's Army Corps from September 1942 to October 1945. She served as an artificer in Oran, Algeria, North Africa; Caserta, Italy; and Dijon, France. She earned three major battle stars for her service close to the front lines in three major battle areas of the European Theater, including Rome-Arno, North Apennines, and Rhineland. She was a Sergeant Major when she received an honorable medical discharge. Walsh remained active in the National Association of Women's Veterans, and kept extensive scrapbooks about her own service in the WAC, and of World War II in general.\n The collection contains 1 box of documents and clippings about Walsh during and after her Army service, 1/2 box of photographs Walsh took while serving overseas, 2 artifact boxes containing Walsh's Army equipment and items she collected overseas, and 4 Women's Army Corps uniform pieces."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_coll_ssim":["Camp Blanding (Fla.)","United States. Army. Women's Army Corps"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Camp Blanding (Fla.)","United States. Army. Women's Army Corps","Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Camp Blanding (Fla.)","United States. Army. Women's Army Corps"],"persname_ssim":["Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":65,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870856701273440256,"_root_":"36fec5a8e863fc66e43f7e67","timestamp":"2026-07-16T07:46:25.679Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/36fec5a8e863fc66e43f7e67"}},{"id":"c286db32a0ce7536db367d69","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Helen Gordon Davis collection, 1976-2004, Date acquired: 01/00/1996, bulk 1976-1992","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/c286db32a0ce7536db367d69#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Gordon Davis, Helen (1926-2015)"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/c286db32a0ce7536db367d69#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["A politician, Helen Gordon Davis served in the Florida Legislature from 1974-1992. Long active in civic affairs, she was a charter member of the Hillsborough League of Women Voters and the first woman from Hillsborough County elected to the Florida Legislature."],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/c286db32a0ce7536db367d69#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"c286db32a0ce7536db367d69","title_ssm":["Helen Gordon Davis collection"],"title_tesim":["Helen Gordon Davis collection"],"ead_ssi":"c286db32a0ce7536db367d69","unitdate_ssm":["1976-2004","1976-1992","Date acquired: 01/00/1996"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1976-1992"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1976-2004"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 01/00/1996"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-1996-04","/repositories/2/resources/519"],"text":["MS-1996-04","/repositories/2/resources/519","Helen Gordon Davis collection, 1976-2004, Date acquired: 01/00/1996, bulk 1976-1992","Florida -- Politics and government","Minorities -- Legal status, laws, etc.","Women's rights","League of Women Voters (U.S.)","Political campaigns -- United States","Legislators -- Florida","Subsequent files were transferred to the USF Libraries from the Florida State University College of Law Library in 2007.","Arranged alphabetically by subject within series.","Helen Gordon Davis (1926-2015) received a B.A. from Brooklyn College in New York and moved to Tampa, FL in 1948. In 1952, she became the first white woman in Florida to join the NAACP. She founded the first women's center in Florida in 1971. Davis became the first female elected to the Florida House of Representatives in 1974 and served various districts until 1988, when she was elected to the Florida Senate. Gordon Davis served in the Senate until 1992. During Davis' tenure in the Florida Legislature, she pushed for women's rights and various family-based social programs. Davis was  awarded many community honors during her lifetime and remained an active supporter of the University of South Florida in Tampa, the Children's Home of Tampa, and the Salvation Army until her death. Helen Gordon Davis was also a founding member of the Tampa Centre for Women.","The collection consists of campaign materials, correspondence, human and women's rights materials, legislative bills, press clippings, photographs, research materials, and speeches from Helen Gordon Davis' public career. The collection also contains a large volume of materials documenting Davis' community activism in the Tampa Bay area, as well as photocopies of several scrapbooks. These photocopies document Davis' early acting and later political careers.","To the extent that they own copyright, the donor has assigned the copyright in their works to USF; permissions to use the material in excess of what copyright law allows should be sent to the USF Technology Transfer Office (https://www.usf.edu/research-innovation/pl/).  Copyright in some items in this collection may be held by their respective creators. Consult Special Collections for details.","A politician, Helen Gordon Davis served in the Florida Legislature from 1974-1992. Long active in civic affairs, she was a charter member of the Hillsborough League of Women Voters and the first woman from Hillsborough County elected to the Florida Legislature.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Florida. Legislature. House of Representatives","Gordon Davis, Helen (1926-2015)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-1996-04","/repositories/2/resources/519"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1976-2004, Date acquired: 01/00/1996, bulk 1976-1992"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Helen Gordon Davis collection, 1976-2004, Date acquired: 01/00/1996, bulk 1976-1992"],"collection_title_tesim":["Helen Gordon Davis collection, 1976-2004, Date acquired: 01/00/1996, bulk 1976-1992"],"collection_ssim":["Helen Gordon Davis collection, 1976-2004, Date acquired: 01/00/1996, bulk 1976-1992"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Florida -- Politics and government"],"geogname_ssim":["Florida -- Politics and government"],"creator_ssm":["Gordon Davis, Helen (1926-2015)","Gordon Davis, Helen (1926-2015)"],"creator_ssim":["Gordon Davis, Helen (1926-2015)","Gordon Davis, Helen (1926-2015)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gordon Davis, Helen (1926-2015)","Gordon Davis, Helen (1926-2015)"],"creators_ssim":["Gordon Davis, Helen (1926-2015)","Gordon Davis, Helen (1926-2015)"],"places_ssim":["Florida -- Politics and government"],"access_terms_ssm":["To the extent that they own copyright, the donor has assigned the copyright in their works to USF; permissions to use the material in excess of what copyright law allows should be sent to the USF Technology Transfer Office (https://www.usf.edu/research-innovation/pl/).  Copyright in some items in this collection may be held by their respective creators. Consult Special Collections for details."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Helen Gordon Davis","Donation"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Minorities -- Legal status, laws, etc.","Women's rights","League of Women Voters (U.S.)","Political campaigns -- United States","Legislators -- Florida"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Minorities -- Legal status, laws, etc.","Women's rights","League of Women Voters (U.S.)","Political campaigns -- United States","Legislators -- Florida"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9.80 Linear Feet","24 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["9.80 Linear Feet","24 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSubsequent files were transferred to the USF Libraries from the Florida State University College of Law Library in 2007.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Subsequent files were transferred to the USF Libraries from the Florida State University College of Law Library in 2007."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by subject within series.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged alphabetically by subject within series."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHelen Gordon Davis (1926-2015) received a B.A. from Brooklyn College in New York and moved to Tampa, FL in 1948. In 1952, she became the first white woman in Florida to join the NAACP. She founded the first women's center in Florida in 1971. Davis became the first female elected to the Florida House of Representatives in 1974 and served various districts until 1988, when she was elected to the Florida Senate. Gordon Davis served in the Senate until 1992. During Davis' tenure in the Florida Legislature, she pushed for women's rights and various family-based social programs. Davis was  awarded many community honors during her lifetime and remained an active supporter of the University of South Florida in Tampa, the Children's Home of Tampa, and the Salvation Army until her death. Helen Gordon Davis was also a founding member of the Tampa Centre for Women.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Helen Gordon Davis (1926-2015) received a B.A. from Brooklyn College in New York and moved to Tampa, FL in 1948. In 1952, she became the first white woman in Florida to join the NAACP. She founded the first women's center in Florida in 1971. Davis became the first female elected to the Florida House of Representatives in 1974 and served various districts until 1988, when she was elected to the Florida Senate. Gordon Davis served in the Senate until 1992. During Davis' tenure in the Florida Legislature, she pushed for women's rights and various family-based social programs. Davis was  awarded many community honors during her lifetime and remained an active supporter of the University of South Florida in Tampa, the Children's Home of Tampa, and the Salvation Army until her death. Helen Gordon Davis was also a founding member of the Tampa Centre for Women."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHelen Gordon Davis collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Helen Gordon Davis collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of campaign materials, correspondence, human and women's rights materials, legislative bills, press clippings, photographs, research materials, and speeches from Helen Gordon Davis' public career. The collection also contains a large volume of materials documenting Davis' community activism in the Tampa Bay area, as well as photocopies of several scrapbooks. These photocopies document Davis' early acting and later political careers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of campaign materials, correspondence, human and women's rights materials, legislative bills, press clippings, photographs, research materials, and speeches from Helen Gordon Davis' public career. The collection also contains a large volume of materials documenting Davis' community activism in the Tampa Bay area, as well as photocopies of several scrapbooks. These photocopies document Davis' early acting and later political careers."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTo the extent that they own copyright, the donor has assigned the copyright in their works to USF; permissions to use the material in excess of what copyright law allows should be sent to the USF Technology Transfer Office (https://www.usf.edu/research-innovation/pl/).  Copyright in some items in this collection may be held by their respective creators. Consult Special Collections for details.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["To the extent that they own copyright, the donor has assigned the copyright in their works to USF; permissions to use the material in excess of what copyright law allows should be sent to the USF Technology Transfer Office (https://www.usf.edu/research-innovation/pl/).  Copyright in some items in this collection may be held by their respective creators. Consult Special Collections for details."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e65fb22c1567c40d5bd7d610697466b0\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eA politician, Helen Gordon Davis served in the Florida Legislature from 1974-1992. Long active in civic affairs, she was a charter member of the Hillsborough League of Women Voters and the first woman from Hillsborough County elected to the Florida Legislature.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["A politician, Helen Gordon Davis served in the Florida Legislature from 1974-1992. Long active in civic affairs, she was a charter member of the Hillsborough League of Women Voters and the first woman from Hillsborough County elected to the Florida Legislature."],"names_coll_ssim":["Florida. Legislature. House of Representatives","Gordon Davis, Helen (1926-2015)"],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Florida. Legislature. House of Representatives","Gordon Davis, Helen (1926-2015)"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Florida. Legislature. House of Representatives"],"persname_ssim":["Gordon Davis, Helen (1926-2015)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":323,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870863273219325952,"_root_":"c286db32a0ce7536db367d69","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:30:53.173Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"c286db32a0ce7536db367d69","title_ssm":["Helen Gordon Davis collection"],"title_tesim":["Helen Gordon Davis collection"],"ead_ssi":"c286db32a0ce7536db367d69","unitdate_ssm":["1976-2004","1976-1992","Date acquired: 01/00/1996"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1976-1992"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1976-2004"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 01/00/1996"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-1996-04","/repositories/2/resources/519"],"text":["MS-1996-04","/repositories/2/resources/519","Helen Gordon Davis collection, 1976-2004, Date acquired: 01/00/1996, bulk 1976-1992","Florida -- Politics and government","Minorities -- Legal status, laws, etc.","Women's rights","League of Women Voters (U.S.)","Political campaigns -- United States","Legislators -- Florida","Subsequent files were transferred to the USF Libraries from the Florida State University College of Law Library in 2007.","Arranged alphabetically by subject within series.","Helen Gordon Davis (1926-2015) received a B.A. from Brooklyn College in New York and moved to Tampa, FL in 1948. In 1952, she became the first white woman in Florida to join the NAACP. She founded the first women's center in Florida in 1971. Davis became the first female elected to the Florida House of Representatives in 1974 and served various districts until 1988, when she was elected to the Florida Senate. Gordon Davis served in the Senate until 1992. During Davis' tenure in the Florida Legislature, she pushed for women's rights and various family-based social programs. Davis was  awarded many community honors during her lifetime and remained an active supporter of the University of South Florida in Tampa, the Children's Home of Tampa, and the Salvation Army until her death. Helen Gordon Davis was also a founding member of the Tampa Centre for Women.","The collection consists of campaign materials, correspondence, human and women's rights materials, legislative bills, press clippings, photographs, research materials, and speeches from Helen Gordon Davis' public career. The collection also contains a large volume of materials documenting Davis' community activism in the Tampa Bay area, as well as photocopies of several scrapbooks. These photocopies document Davis' early acting and later political careers.","To the extent that they own copyright, the donor has assigned the copyright in their works to USF; permissions to use the material in excess of what copyright law allows should be sent to the USF Technology Transfer Office (https://www.usf.edu/research-innovation/pl/).  Copyright in some items in this collection may be held by their respective creators. Consult Special Collections for details.","A politician, Helen Gordon Davis served in the Florida Legislature from 1974-1992. Long active in civic affairs, she was a charter member of the Hillsborough League of Women Voters and the first woman from Hillsborough County elected to the Florida Legislature.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Florida. Legislature. House of Representatives","Gordon Davis, Helen (1926-2015)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-1996-04","/repositories/2/resources/519"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1976-2004, Date acquired: 01/00/1996, bulk 1976-1992"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Helen Gordon Davis collection, 1976-2004, Date acquired: 01/00/1996, bulk 1976-1992"],"collection_title_tesim":["Helen Gordon Davis collection, 1976-2004, Date acquired: 01/00/1996, bulk 1976-1992"],"collection_ssim":["Helen Gordon Davis collection, 1976-2004, Date acquired: 01/00/1996, bulk 1976-1992"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Florida -- Politics and government"],"geogname_ssim":["Florida -- Politics and government"],"creator_ssm":["Gordon Davis, Helen (1926-2015)","Gordon Davis, Helen (1926-2015)"],"creator_ssim":["Gordon Davis, Helen (1926-2015)","Gordon Davis, Helen (1926-2015)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gordon Davis, Helen (1926-2015)","Gordon Davis, Helen (1926-2015)"],"creators_ssim":["Gordon Davis, Helen (1926-2015)","Gordon Davis, Helen (1926-2015)"],"places_ssim":["Florida -- Politics and government"],"access_terms_ssm":["To the extent that they own copyright, the donor has assigned the copyright in their works to USF; permissions to use the material in excess of what copyright law allows should be sent to the USF Technology Transfer Office (https://www.usf.edu/research-innovation/pl/).  Copyright in some items in this collection may be held by their respective creators. 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In 1952, she became the first white woman in Florida to join the NAACP. She founded the first women's center in Florida in 1971. Davis became the first female elected to the Florida House of Representatives in 1974 and served various districts until 1988, when she was elected to the Florida Senate. Gordon Davis served in the Senate until 1992. During Davis' tenure in the Florida Legislature, she pushed for women's rights and various family-based social programs. Davis was  awarded many community honors during her lifetime and remained an active supporter of the University of South Florida in Tampa, the Children's Home of Tampa, and the Salvation Army until her death. Helen Gordon Davis was also a founding member of the Tampa Centre for Women.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Helen Gordon Davis (1926-2015) received a B.A. from Brooklyn College in New York and moved to Tampa, FL in 1948. In 1952, she became the first white woman in Florida to join the NAACP. She founded the first women's center in Florida in 1971. Davis became the first female elected to the Florida House of Representatives in 1974 and served various districts until 1988, when she was elected to the Florida Senate. Gordon Davis served in the Senate until 1992. During Davis' tenure in the Florida Legislature, she pushed for women's rights and various family-based social programs. Davis was  awarded many community honors during her lifetime and remained an active supporter of the University of South Florida in Tampa, the Children's Home of Tampa, and the Salvation Army until her death. Helen Gordon Davis was also a founding member of the Tampa Centre for Women."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHelen Gordon Davis collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Helen Gordon Davis collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of campaign materials, correspondence, human and women's rights materials, legislative bills, press clippings, photographs, research materials, and speeches from Helen Gordon Davis' public career. The collection also contains a large volume of materials documenting Davis' community activism in the Tampa Bay area, as well as photocopies of several scrapbooks. These photocopies document Davis' early acting and later political careers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of campaign materials, correspondence, human and women's rights materials, legislative bills, press clippings, photographs, research materials, and speeches from Helen Gordon Davis' public career. The collection also contains a large volume of materials documenting Davis' community activism in the Tampa Bay area, as well as photocopies of several scrapbooks. These photocopies document Davis' early acting and later political careers."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTo the extent that they own copyright, the donor has assigned the copyright in their works to USF; permissions to use the material in excess of what copyright law allows should be sent to the USF Technology Transfer Office (https://www.usf.edu/research-innovation/pl/).  Copyright in some items in this collection may be held by their respective creators. Consult Special Collections for details.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["To the extent that they own copyright, the donor has assigned the copyright in their works to USF; permissions to use the material in excess of what copyright law allows should be sent to the USF Technology Transfer Office (https://www.usf.edu/research-innovation/pl/).  Copyright in some items in this collection may be held by their respective creators. Consult Special Collections for details."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e65fb22c1567c40d5bd7d610697466b0\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eA politician, Helen Gordon Davis served in the Florida Legislature from 1974-1992. Long active in civic affairs, she was a charter member of the Hillsborough League of Women Voters and the first woman from Hillsborough County elected to the Florida Legislature.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["A politician, Helen Gordon Davis served in the Florida Legislature from 1974-1992. Long active in civic affairs, she was a charter member of the Hillsborough League of Women Voters and the first woman from Hillsborough County elected to the Florida Legislature."],"names_coll_ssim":["Florida. Legislature. House of Representatives","Gordon Davis, Helen (1926-2015)"],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Florida. Legislature. House of Representatives","Gordon Davis, Helen (1926-2015)"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Florida. Legislature. House of Representatives"],"persname_ssim":["Gordon Davis, Helen (1926-2015)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":323,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870863273219325952,"_root_":"c286db32a0ce7536db367d69","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:30:53.173Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/c286db32a0ce7536db367d69"}},{"id":"4e46868e4abfdc952d04e297","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Hemlock Society Papers, 1985 - 2012","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4e46868e4abfdc952d04e297#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["The Hemlock Society of Florida, Inc. is an independent, non-profit 501(c)(4) right-to-die organization registered within the State of Florida.  This collection includes various publications from the Hemlock Society of Florida and U.S. Hemlock Society papers, also newsletters, newspaper clippings, correspondence, meeting notes, court cases and documents."],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4e46868e4abfdc952d04e297#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"4e46868e4abfdc952d04e297","title_ssm":["Hemlock Society Papers"],"title_tesim":["Hemlock Society Papers"],"ead_ssi":"4e46868e4abfdc952d04e297","unitdate_ssm":["1985 - 2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1985 - 2012"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["04.14-001","/repositories/7/resources/1110"],"text":["04.14-001","/repositories/7/resources/1110","Hemlock Society Papers, 1985 - 2012","Right to die.","The Hemlock Society Collection may be consulted by adults engaged in serious research who present a valid ID. Materials may not be removed from the library. Please email  law-ref@lists.fsu.edu  to request an appointment for access.","Arranged by box","Hemlock Society of Florida, Inc. – A History","1980: Former British journalist Derek Humphry and his wife, Ann Wickett, founded the Hemlock Society in California.  1988: The Society relocated its office to Eugene, Oregon, where it remained until the early 1990s when it moved to Denver, Colorado.","In England, Humphry had helped his first wife, Jean, hasten her painful death from cancer. (This story is told in Mr. Humphry's book, Jean's Way.)  He hoped to promote dignity and autonomy in dying through his writing.  He chose to live in the United States because of its Constitution's freedom-of-speech clause.  Other countries lacked this protection.","The name 'Hemlock' was selected in the light of the suicide of the ancient Greek philosopher Socrates who had to choose between a sentence of death or exile; after debate with colleagues, and unable to bear the loneliness of exile, he chose suicide by a drink laced with the hemlock plant. It was Socrates' careful consideration of his choices that inspired the American organization.","Hemlock attracted widespread, growing interest and local groups nationwide began meeting to discuss end-of-life issues.","1987: The first Florida chapter, Suncoast Hemlock, was organized by Nan and Walt Billings, Sue Mueller and like-minded Sarasota friends.  Nan liaisoned with the Hemlock Society in Denver (often referred to as \"National\") and helped organize chapters in Clearwater, Fort Myers, Naples, Sun City Center, Tampa-St. Petersburg, Orlando, Fort Lauderdale, Boca Raton and Melbourne.  Representatives from all these grass-roots groups gathered periodically to share information and coordinate activities. In April 1994, these groups unified and incorporated as the Hemlock Society of Florida, Inc.","Nan Billings served as its first president, until January 1996.  Mary Bennett Hudson (Fort Lauderdale) succeeded her and served until January 2002 when the Board elected Donna Klamm, of West Melbourne. Donna continues as president today.","1997: In order to fund legislative efforts to defeat old laws against choice in dying, National Hemlock formed a separate 501(c)(4) membership corporation to which members paid their non-tax-deductible dues.  The Hemlock / Florida Board followed suit by establishing the Patients' Rights Organization of Florida, Inc. (PRO-FL) with the same tax designation and membership dues responsibility.","Presidents of PRO-FL were attorney John Lees (Melbourne) followed in April 1998 by Dr. Cecil McIver, succeeded by Mary Bennett Hudson.","1998:  Hemlock USA started the Caring Friends Program.  All over the United States trained volunteers counseled terminally ill people on how to hasten death, if that was their wish.","2000: PRO-FL officially changed its name to the Hemlock Society of Florida, Inc. Everything else about it (tax designation, membership dues) remained the same.  Simultaneously, the Hemlock Foundation of Florida, Inc. was formed as a 501(c)(3) corporation dedicated to charitable and educational purposes and funded by tax-deductible donations. Both these corporations have since comprised the Florida organizations and remain so for our independent organization today.","2004: New leadership at the national level disliked the name \"Hemlock\" so they began a search for a new name. After extensive deliberation and research, the national office became End-of-Life Choices. State chapters were urged to do likewise. We became End-of-Life Choices Florida.","2005: In January, End-of-Life Choices (\"National\") merged with the Oregon-based organization, Compassion in Dying.  This merger eventually culminated as Compassion \u0026 Choices (C\u0026C), which now occupies the former Denver office of Hemlock USA.","Some state chapters changed their names again to Compassion and Choices New York etc. Other chapters closed, became dormant, remained End-of-Life Choices, or in several cases, retained the original Hemlock name. The Florida organization decided not to sign on as an affiliate of Compassion \u0026 Choices and changed its name back to the Hemlock Society of Florida. The Hemlock Society of Florida set out to remain an independent right-to-die organization.","Several former Hemlock national board members formed a new national group named Final Exit Network. The main thrust of this organization is to counsel mentally competent, terminally ill individuals who wish to self-deliver.","2006: January:  The Hemlock Society of Florida Inc. continues as an independent advocate for dignity and freedom of choice at the end of life. The Hemlock Society of San Diego and Hemlock of Illinois also continue as local chapters and retain the Hemlock name.","2010: The Hemlock Society of Florida hired an executive director, the first paid staff for the organization. The executive director worked with the Hemlock Society of Florida state board to redesign Hemlock's website, increase its membership and fundraising and raise its visibility as a longtime principled and respected advocate for the right-to-die with dignity. The executive director resigned and was not replaced.","2013: There are no longer any active chapters within Florida. The board of directors decided to discontinue individual memberships and rely on the generous donations of friends and supporters.","Note written by Patricia Bingham-Harper","These various publications from the Hemlock Society, cover a time period from about 1985 until 2012. It includes an extensive collection of newsletters, brochures, correspondence and meeting notes.","The Hemlock Society of Florida, Inc. is an independent, non-profit 501(c)(4) right-to-die organization registered within the State of Florida.  This collection includes various publications from the Hemlock Society of Florida and U.S. Hemlock Society papers, also newsletters, newspaper clippings, correspondence, meeting notes, court cases and documents.","FSU College of Law Research Center","Hemlock Society of Florida","English"],"unitid_tesim":["04.14-001","/repositories/7/resources/1110"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1985 - 2012"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Hemlock Society Papers, 1985 - 2012"],"collection_title_tesim":["Hemlock Society Papers, 1985 - 2012"],"collection_ssim":["Hemlock Society Papers, 1985 - 2012"],"repository_ssm":["FSU College of Law Research Center"],"repository_ssim":["FSU College of Law Research Center"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Right to die."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Right to die."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["10.00 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["10.00 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hemlock Society Collection may be consulted by adults engaged in serious research who present a valid ID. Materials may not be removed from the library. Please email \u003ca href=\"mailto:mailto:law-earchives@lists.fsu.edu\"\u003elaw-ref@lists.fsu.edu\u003c/a\u003e to request an appointment for access.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The Hemlock Society Collection may be consulted by adults engaged in serious research who present a valid ID. Materials may not be removed from the library. 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Nan liaisoned with the Hemlock Society in Denver (often referred to as \"National\") and helped organize chapters in Clearwater, Fort Myers, Naples, Sun City Center, Tampa-St. Petersburg, Orlando, Fort Lauderdale, Boca Raton and Melbourne.  Representatives from all these grass-roots groups gathered periodically to share information and coordinate activities. In April 1994, these groups unified and incorporated as the Hemlock Society of Florida, Inc.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNan Billings served as its first president, until January 1996.  Mary Bennett Hudson (Fort Lauderdale) succeeded her and served until January 2002 when the Board elected Donna Klamm, of West Melbourne. Donna continues as president today.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1997: In order to fund legislative efforts to defeat old laws against choice in dying, National Hemlock formed a separate 501(c)(4) membership corporation to which members paid their non-tax-deductible dues.  The Hemlock / Florida Board followed suit by establishing the Patients' Rights Organization of Florida, Inc. (PRO-FL) with the same tax designation and membership dues responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePresidents of PRO-FL were attorney John Lees (Melbourne) followed in April 1998 by Dr. Cecil McIver, succeeded by Mary Bennett Hudson.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1998:  Hemlock USA started the Caring Friends Program.  All over the United States trained volunteers counseled terminally ill people on how to hasten death, if that was their wish.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2000: PRO-FL officially changed its name to the Hemlock Society of Florida, Inc. Everything else about it (tax designation, membership dues) remained the same.  Simultaneously, the Hemlock Foundation of Florida, Inc. was formed as a 501(c)(3) corporation dedicated to charitable and educational purposes and funded by tax-deductible donations. Both these corporations have since comprised the Florida organizations and remain so for our independent organization today.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2004: New leadership at the national level disliked the name \"Hemlock\" so they began a search for a new name. After extensive deliberation and research, the national office became End-of-Life Choices. State chapters were urged to do likewise. We became End-of-Life Choices Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2005: In January, End-of-Life Choices (\"National\") merged with the Oregon-based organization, Compassion in Dying.  This merger eventually culminated as Compassion \u0026amp; Choices (C\u0026amp;C), which now occupies the former Denver office of Hemlock USA.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome state chapters changed their names again to Compassion and Choices New York etc. Other chapters closed, became dormant, remained End-of-Life Choices, or in several cases, retained the original Hemlock name. The Florida organization decided not to sign on as an affiliate of Compassion \u0026amp; Choices and changed its name back to the Hemlock Society of Florida. The Hemlock Society of Florida set out to remain an independent right-to-die organization.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeveral former Hemlock national board members formed a new national group named Final Exit Network. The main thrust of this organization is to counsel mentally competent, terminally ill individuals who wish to self-deliver.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2006: January:  The Hemlock Society of Florida Inc. continues as an independent advocate for dignity and freedom of choice at the end of life. The Hemlock Society of San Diego and Hemlock of Illinois also continue as local chapters and retain the Hemlock name.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2010: The Hemlock Society of Florida hired an executive director, the first paid staff for the organization. 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Other countries lacked this protection.","The name 'Hemlock' was selected in the light of the suicide of the ancient Greek philosopher Socrates who had to choose between a sentence of death or exile; after debate with colleagues, and unable to bear the loneliness of exile, he chose suicide by a drink laced with the hemlock plant. It was Socrates' careful consideration of his choices that inspired the American organization.","Hemlock attracted widespread, growing interest and local groups nationwide began meeting to discuss end-of-life issues.","1987: The first Florida chapter, Suncoast Hemlock, was organized by Nan and Walt Billings, Sue Mueller and like-minded Sarasota friends.  Nan liaisoned with the Hemlock Society in Denver (often referred to as \"National\") and helped organize chapters in Clearwater, Fort Myers, Naples, Sun City Center, Tampa-St. Petersburg, Orlando, Fort Lauderdale, Boca Raton and Melbourne.  Representatives from all these grass-roots groups gathered periodically to share information and coordinate activities. In April 1994, these groups unified and incorporated as the Hemlock Society of Florida, Inc.","Nan Billings served as its first president, until January 1996.  Mary Bennett Hudson (Fort Lauderdale) succeeded her and served until January 2002 when the Board elected Donna Klamm, of West Melbourne. Donna continues as president today.","1997: In order to fund legislative efforts to defeat old laws against choice in dying, National Hemlock formed a separate 501(c)(4) membership corporation to which members paid their non-tax-deductible dues.  The Hemlock / Florida Board followed suit by establishing the Patients' Rights Organization of Florida, Inc. (PRO-FL) with the same tax designation and membership dues responsibility.","Presidents of PRO-FL were attorney John Lees (Melbourne) followed in April 1998 by Dr. Cecil McIver, succeeded by Mary Bennett Hudson.","1998:  Hemlock USA started the Caring Friends Program.  All over the United States trained volunteers counseled terminally ill people on how to hasten death, if that was their wish.","2000: PRO-FL officially changed its name to the Hemlock Society of Florida, Inc. Everything else about it (tax designation, membership dues) remained the same.  Simultaneously, the Hemlock Foundation of Florida, Inc. was formed as a 501(c)(3) corporation dedicated to charitable and educational purposes and funded by tax-deductible donations. Both these corporations have since comprised the Florida organizations and remain so for our independent organization today.","2004: New leadership at the national level disliked the name \"Hemlock\" so they began a search for a new name. After extensive deliberation and research, the national office became End-of-Life Choices. State chapters were urged to do likewise. We became End-of-Life Choices Florida.","2005: In January, End-of-Life Choices (\"National\") merged with the Oregon-based organization, Compassion in Dying.  This merger eventually culminated as Compassion \u0026 Choices (C\u0026C), which now occupies the former Denver office of Hemlock USA.","Some state chapters changed their names again to Compassion and Choices New York etc. Other chapters closed, became dormant, remained End-of-Life Choices, or in several cases, retained the original Hemlock name. The Florida organization decided not to sign on as an affiliate of Compassion \u0026 Choices and changed its name back to the Hemlock Society of Florida. The Hemlock Society of Florida set out to remain an independent right-to-die organization.","Several former Hemlock national board members formed a new national group named Final Exit Network. The main thrust of this organization is to counsel mentally competent, terminally ill individuals who wish to self-deliver.","2006: January:  The Hemlock Society of Florida Inc. continues as an independent advocate for dignity and freedom of choice at the end of life. The Hemlock Society of San Diego and Hemlock of Illinois also continue as local chapters and retain the Hemlock name.","2010: The Hemlock Society of Florida hired an executive director, the first paid staff for the organization. The executive director worked with the Hemlock Society of Florida state board to redesign Hemlock's website, increase its membership and fundraising and raise its visibility as a longtime principled and respected advocate for the right-to-die with dignity. The executive director resigned and was not replaced.","2013: There are no longer any active chapters within Florida. The board of directors decided to discontinue individual memberships and rely on the generous donations of friends and supporters.","Note written by Patricia Bingham-Harper"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThese various publications from the Hemlock Society, cover a time period from about 1985 until 2012. It includes an extensive collection of newsletters, brochures, correspondence and meeting notes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["These various publications from the Hemlock Society, cover a time period from about 1985 until 2012. 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Materials may not be removed from the library. Please email  law-ref@lists.fsu.edu  to request an appointment for access.","Arranged by box","Hemlock Society of Florida, Inc. – A History","1980: Former British journalist Derek Humphry and his wife, Ann Wickett, founded the Hemlock Society in California.  1988: The Society relocated its office to Eugene, Oregon, where it remained until the early 1990s when it moved to Denver, Colorado.","In England, Humphry had helped his first wife, Jean, hasten her painful death from cancer. (This story is told in Mr. Humphry's book, Jean's Way.)  He hoped to promote dignity and autonomy in dying through his writing.  He chose to live in the United States because of its Constitution's freedom-of-speech clause.  Other countries lacked this protection.","The name 'Hemlock' was selected in the light of the suicide of the ancient Greek philosopher Socrates who had to choose between a sentence of death or exile; after debate with colleagues, and unable to bear the loneliness of exile, he chose suicide by a drink laced with the hemlock plant. It was Socrates' careful consideration of his choices that inspired the American organization.","Hemlock attracted widespread, growing interest and local groups nationwide began meeting to discuss end-of-life issues.","1987: The first Florida chapter, Suncoast Hemlock, was organized by Nan and Walt Billings, Sue Mueller and like-minded Sarasota friends.  Nan liaisoned with the Hemlock Society in Denver (often referred to as \"National\") and helped organize chapters in Clearwater, Fort Myers, Naples, Sun City Center, Tampa-St. Petersburg, Orlando, Fort Lauderdale, Boca Raton and Melbourne.  Representatives from all these grass-roots groups gathered periodically to share information and coordinate activities. In April 1994, these groups unified and incorporated as the Hemlock Society of Florida, Inc.","Nan Billings served as its first president, until January 1996.  Mary Bennett Hudson (Fort Lauderdale) succeeded her and served until January 2002 when the Board elected Donna Klamm, of West Melbourne. Donna continues as president today.","1997: In order to fund legislative efforts to defeat old laws against choice in dying, National Hemlock formed a separate 501(c)(4) membership corporation to which members paid their non-tax-deductible dues.  The Hemlock / Florida Board followed suit by establishing the Patients' Rights Organization of Florida, Inc. (PRO-FL) with the same tax designation and membership dues responsibility.","Presidents of PRO-FL were attorney John Lees (Melbourne) followed in April 1998 by Dr. Cecil McIver, succeeded by Mary Bennett Hudson.","1998:  Hemlock USA started the Caring Friends Program.  All over the United States trained volunteers counseled terminally ill people on how to hasten death, if that was their wish.","2000: PRO-FL officially changed its name to the Hemlock Society of Florida, Inc. Everything else about it (tax designation, membership dues) remained the same.  Simultaneously, the Hemlock Foundation of Florida, Inc. was formed as a 501(c)(3) corporation dedicated to charitable and educational purposes and funded by tax-deductible donations. Both these corporations have since comprised the Florida organizations and remain so for our independent organization today.","2004: New leadership at the national level disliked the name \"Hemlock\" so they began a search for a new name. After extensive deliberation and research, the national office became End-of-Life Choices. State chapters were urged to do likewise. We became End-of-Life Choices Florida.","2005: In January, End-of-Life Choices (\"National\") merged with the Oregon-based organization, Compassion in Dying.  This merger eventually culminated as Compassion \u0026 Choices (C\u0026C), which now occupies the former Denver office of Hemlock USA.","Some state chapters changed their names again to Compassion and Choices New York etc. Other chapters closed, became dormant, remained End-of-Life Choices, or in several cases, retained the original Hemlock name. The Florida organization decided not to sign on as an affiliate of Compassion \u0026 Choices and changed its name back to the Hemlock Society of Florida. The Hemlock Society of Florida set out to remain an independent right-to-die organization.","Several former Hemlock national board members formed a new national group named Final Exit Network. The main thrust of this organization is to counsel mentally competent, terminally ill individuals who wish to self-deliver.","2006: January:  The Hemlock Society of Florida Inc. continues as an independent advocate for dignity and freedom of choice at the end of life. The Hemlock Society of San Diego and Hemlock of Illinois also continue as local chapters and retain the Hemlock name.","2010: The Hemlock Society of Florida hired an executive director, the first paid staff for the organization. The executive director worked with the Hemlock Society of Florida state board to redesign Hemlock's website, increase its membership and fundraising and raise its visibility as a longtime principled and respected advocate for the right-to-die with dignity. The executive director resigned and was not replaced.","2013: There are no longer any active chapters within Florida. The board of directors decided to discontinue individual memberships and rely on the generous donations of friends and supporters.","Note written by Patricia Bingham-Harper","These various publications from the Hemlock Society, cover a time period from about 1985 until 2012. 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Materials may not be removed from the library. Please email \u003ca href=\"mailto:mailto:law-earchives@lists.fsu.edu\"\u003elaw-ref@lists.fsu.edu\u003c/a\u003e to request an appointment for access.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The Hemlock Society Collection may be consulted by adults engaged in serious research who present a valid ID. Materials may not be removed from the library. Please email  law-ref@lists.fsu.edu  to request an appointment for access."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged by box\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged by box"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHemlock Society of Florida, Inc. \u0026#x2013; A History\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1980: Former British journalist Derek Humphry and his wife, Ann Wickett, founded the Hemlock Society in California.  1988: The Society relocated its office to Eugene, Oregon, where it remained until the early 1990s when it moved to Denver, Colorado.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn England, Humphry had helped his first wife, Jean, hasten her painful death from cancer. (This story is told in Mr. Humphry's book, Jean's Way.)  He hoped to promote dignity and autonomy in dying through his writing.  He chose to live in the United States because of its Constitution's freedom-of-speech clause.  Other countries lacked this protection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe name 'Hemlock' was selected in the light of the suicide of the ancient Greek philosopher Socrates who had to choose between a sentence of death or exile; after debate with colleagues, and unable to bear the loneliness of exile, he chose suicide by a drink laced with the hemlock plant. It was Socrates' careful consideration of his choices that inspired the American organization.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHemlock attracted widespread, growing interest and local groups nationwide began meeting to discuss end-of-life issues.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1987: The first Florida chapter, Suncoast Hemlock, was organized by Nan and Walt Billings, Sue Mueller and like-minded Sarasota friends.  Nan liaisoned with the Hemlock Society in Denver (often referred to as \"National\") and helped organize chapters in Clearwater, Fort Myers, Naples, Sun City Center, Tampa-St. Petersburg, Orlando, Fort Lauderdale, Boca Raton and Melbourne.  Representatives from all these grass-roots groups gathered periodically to share information and coordinate activities. In April 1994, these groups unified and incorporated as the Hemlock Society of Florida, Inc.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNan Billings served as its first president, until January 1996.  Mary Bennett Hudson (Fort Lauderdale) succeeded her and served until January 2002 when the Board elected Donna Klamm, of West Melbourne. Donna continues as president today.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1997: In order to fund legislative efforts to defeat old laws against choice in dying, National Hemlock formed a separate 501(c)(4) membership corporation to which members paid their non-tax-deductible dues.  The Hemlock / Florida Board followed suit by establishing the Patients' Rights Organization of Florida, Inc. (PRO-FL) with the same tax designation and membership dues responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePresidents of PRO-FL were attorney John Lees (Melbourne) followed in April 1998 by Dr. Cecil McIver, succeeded by Mary Bennett Hudson.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1998:  Hemlock USA started the Caring Friends Program.  All over the United States trained volunteers counseled terminally ill people on how to hasten death, if that was their wish.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2000: PRO-FL officially changed its name to the Hemlock Society of Florida, Inc. Everything else about it (tax designation, membership dues) remained the same.  Simultaneously, the Hemlock Foundation of Florida, Inc. was formed as a 501(c)(3) corporation dedicated to charitable and educational purposes and funded by tax-deductible donations. Both these corporations have since comprised the Florida organizations and remain so for our independent organization today.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2004: New leadership at the national level disliked the name \"Hemlock\" so they began a search for a new name. After extensive deliberation and research, the national office became End-of-Life Choices. State chapters were urged to do likewise. We became End-of-Life Choices Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2005: In January, End-of-Life Choices (\"National\") merged with the Oregon-based organization, Compassion in Dying.  This merger eventually culminated as Compassion \u0026amp; Choices (C\u0026amp;C), which now occupies the former Denver office of Hemlock USA.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome state chapters changed their names again to Compassion and Choices New York etc. Other chapters closed, became dormant, remained End-of-Life Choices, or in several cases, retained the original Hemlock name. The Florida organization decided not to sign on as an affiliate of Compassion \u0026amp; Choices and changed its name back to the Hemlock Society of Florida. The Hemlock Society of Florida set out to remain an independent right-to-die organization.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeveral former Hemlock national board members formed a new national group named Final Exit Network. The main thrust of this organization is to counsel mentally competent, terminally ill individuals who wish to self-deliver.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2006: January:  The Hemlock Society of Florida Inc. continues as an independent advocate for dignity and freedom of choice at the end of life. The Hemlock Society of San Diego and Hemlock of Illinois also continue as local chapters and retain the Hemlock name.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2010: The Hemlock Society of Florida hired an executive director, the first paid staff for the organization. The executive director worked with the Hemlock Society of Florida state board to redesign Hemlock's website, increase its membership and fundraising and raise its visibility as a longtime principled and respected advocate for the right-to-die with dignity. The executive director resigned and was not replaced.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2013: There are no longer any active chapters within Florida. The board of directors decided to discontinue individual memberships and rely on the generous donations of friends and supporters.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Patricia Bingham-Harper\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Hemlock Society of Florida, Inc. – A History","1980: Former British journalist Derek Humphry and his wife, Ann Wickett, founded the Hemlock Society in California.  1988: The Society relocated its office to Eugene, Oregon, where it remained until the early 1990s when it moved to Denver, Colorado.","In England, Humphry had helped his first wife, Jean, hasten her painful death from cancer. (This story is told in Mr. Humphry's book, Jean's Way.)  He hoped to promote dignity and autonomy in dying through his writing.  He chose to live in the United States because of its Constitution's freedom-of-speech clause.  Other countries lacked this protection.","The name 'Hemlock' was selected in the light of the suicide of the ancient Greek philosopher Socrates who had to choose between a sentence of death or exile; after debate with colleagues, and unable to bear the loneliness of exile, he chose suicide by a drink laced with the hemlock plant. It was Socrates' careful consideration of his choices that inspired the American organization.","Hemlock attracted widespread, growing interest and local groups nationwide began meeting to discuss end-of-life issues.","1987: The first Florida chapter, Suncoast Hemlock, was organized by Nan and Walt Billings, Sue Mueller and like-minded Sarasota friends.  Nan liaisoned with the Hemlock Society in Denver (often referred to as \"National\") and helped organize chapters in Clearwater, Fort Myers, Naples, Sun City Center, Tampa-St. Petersburg, Orlando, Fort Lauderdale, Boca Raton and Melbourne.  Representatives from all these grass-roots groups gathered periodically to share information and coordinate activities. In April 1994, these groups unified and incorporated as the Hemlock Society of Florida, Inc.","Nan Billings served as its first president, until January 1996.  Mary Bennett Hudson (Fort Lauderdale) succeeded her and served until January 2002 when the Board elected Donna Klamm, of West Melbourne. Donna continues as president today.","1997: In order to fund legislative efforts to defeat old laws against choice in dying, National Hemlock formed a separate 501(c)(4) membership corporation to which members paid their non-tax-deductible dues.  The Hemlock / Florida Board followed suit by establishing the Patients' Rights Organization of Florida, Inc. (PRO-FL) with the same tax designation and membership dues responsibility.","Presidents of PRO-FL were attorney John Lees (Melbourne) followed in April 1998 by Dr. Cecil McIver, succeeded by Mary Bennett Hudson.","1998:  Hemlock USA started the Caring Friends Program.  All over the United States trained volunteers counseled terminally ill people on how to hasten death, if that was their wish.","2000: PRO-FL officially changed its name to the Hemlock Society of Florida, Inc. Everything else about it (tax designation, membership dues) remained the same.  Simultaneously, the Hemlock Foundation of Florida, Inc. was formed as a 501(c)(3) corporation dedicated to charitable and educational purposes and funded by tax-deductible donations. Both these corporations have since comprised the Florida organizations and remain so for our independent organization today.","2004: New leadership at the national level disliked the name \"Hemlock\" so they began a search for a new name. After extensive deliberation and research, the national office became End-of-Life Choices. State chapters were urged to do likewise. We became End-of-Life Choices Florida.","2005: In January, End-of-Life Choices (\"National\") merged with the Oregon-based organization, Compassion in Dying.  This merger eventually culminated as Compassion \u0026 Choices (C\u0026C), which now occupies the former Denver office of Hemlock USA.","Some state chapters changed their names again to Compassion and Choices New York etc. Other chapters closed, became dormant, remained End-of-Life Choices, or in several cases, retained the original Hemlock name. The Florida organization decided not to sign on as an affiliate of Compassion \u0026 Choices and changed its name back to the Hemlock Society of Florida. The Hemlock Society of Florida set out to remain an independent right-to-die organization.","Several former Hemlock national board members formed a new national group named Final Exit Network. The main thrust of this organization is to counsel mentally competent, terminally ill individuals who wish to self-deliver.","2006: January:  The Hemlock Society of Florida Inc. continues as an independent advocate for dignity and freedom of choice at the end of life. The Hemlock Society of San Diego and Hemlock of Illinois also continue as local chapters and retain the Hemlock name.","2010: The Hemlock Society of Florida hired an executive director, the first paid staff for the organization. The executive director worked with the Hemlock Society of Florida state board to redesign Hemlock's website, increase its membership and fundraising and raise its visibility as a longtime principled and respected advocate for the right-to-die with dignity. The executive director resigned and was not replaced.","2013: There are no longer any active chapters within Florida. The board of directors decided to discontinue individual memberships and rely on the generous donations of friends and supporters.","Note written by Patricia Bingham-Harper"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThese various publications from the Hemlock Society, cover a time period from about 1985 until 2012. It includes an extensive collection of newsletters, brochures, correspondence and meeting notes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["These various publications from the Hemlock Society, cover a time period from about 1985 until 2012. It includes an extensive collection of newsletters, brochures, correspondence and meeting notes."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1c86d04e6f8eaf3eea485a1d5ab1c872\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Hemlock Society of Florida, Inc. is an independent, non-profit 501(c)(4) right-to-die organization registered within the State of Florida.\u0026#xA0; This collection includes various publications from the Hemlock Society of Florida and U.S. Hemlock Society papers, also newsletters, newspaper clippings, correspondence, meeting notes, court cases and documents.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Hemlock Society of Florida, Inc. is an independent, non-profit 501(c)(4) right-to-die organization registered within the State of Florida.  This collection includes various publications from the Hemlock Society of Florida and U.S. Hemlock Society papers, also newsletters, newspaper clippings, correspondence, meeting notes, court cases and documents."],"names_coll_ssim":["Hemlock Society of Florida"],"names_ssim":["FSU College of Law Research Center","Hemlock Society of Florida"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU College of Law Research Center","Hemlock Society of Florida"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":258,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"4e46868e4abfdc952d04e297","timestamp":"2026-04-21T02:31:14.648Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4e46868e4abfdc952d04e297"}},{"id":"45807c67f367973431520ee3_aspace_191f21b0be33c4de0b50d219c2447852","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Hemming Park; Jacksonville, Florida, 1900-2019, Undated","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/45807c67f367973431520ee3_aspace_191f21b0be33c4de0b50d219c2447852#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_191f21b0be33c4de0b50d219c2447852","ref_ssm":["aspace_191f21b0be33c4de0b50d219c2447852","aspace_191f21b0be33c4de0b50d219c2447852"],"id":"45807c67f367973431520ee3_aspace_191f21b0be33c4de0b50d219c2447852","title_filing_ssi":"Hemming Park; Jacksonville, Florida","title_ssm":["Hemming Park; Jacksonville, Florida"],"title_tesim":["Hemming Park; Jacksonville, Florida"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1900-2019"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1900-2019, Undated"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Hemming Park; Jacksonville, Florida, 1900-2019, Undated"],"text":["Hemming Park; Jacksonville, Florida, 1900-2019, Undated","Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, 1858-2019","/repositories/3/archival_objects/9651","box 1","folder 25"],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["45807c67f367973431520ee3"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, 1858-2019"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, 1858-2019"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/3/archival_objects/9651"],"repository_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, 1858-2019"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":25,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 25"],"_nest_path_":"/components#24","_nest_parent_":"45807c67f367973431520ee3","_root_":"45807c67f367973431520ee3","_version_":1872853597225484288,"timestamp":"2026-08-07T08:46:14.061Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"45807c67f367973431520ee3","title_ssm":["Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection"],"title_tesim":["Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection"],"ead_ssi":"45807c67f367973431520ee3","unitdate_ssm":["1858-2019"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1858-2019"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["2024.001","/repositories/3/resources/82"],"text":["2024.001","/repositories/3/resources/82","Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, 1858-2019","The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.","\tIn the United States, the traditional picture postcard rose to popularity in the early 20th century. Postcard history is often divided into eight distinct \"eras\" beginning in the 1850s and continuing through the \"Golden Age of Postcards\" beginning around 1905 and lasting through 1915. In this golden age, millions of cards were printed and sold throughout the entire U.S. and collecting cards became a popular hobby. The Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection contains examples from many of the documented eras, including photographic cards popularized in the nineteen teens and twenties. ","\nAdvances in printing and photographic techniques along with faster shipping methods between the U.S. and Europe allowed for the mass production of brightly colored pictorial cards to be quickly manufactured and distributed to sellers. In addition to the printers in major U.S. cities, a network of publishers and photographers allowed many local businesses in small towns across the U.S. to commission postcards of local \"views\" that were cheaply printed in Germany. Many images of small-town life, including municipal architecture, private residences, and street scenes were preserved and are a useful tool for local historians and researchers. These views act as a \"visual record of a town\" and help develop a fuller understanding of the locations represented in the postcards. Additionally, postcards depicted natural disasters, fires, local amusements, and tourist attractions and were important to the souvenir trade of the time.  ","\nAt the height of the industry's popularity, publishers would often share or even steal negatives to create their own postcards and often would change or distort the negative to make them appear different from other printers. Misspellings were common and incorrectly captioned cards were also prevalent. The Northeast Florida Regional Postcard collection has several examples of this business tactic and many examples of misspellings in the captions or titles on the cards. ","\nEnthusiasm for postcard collecting began to wane around 1912 and ended with the start of World War I. Even though the initial craze for postcards diminished, they are still produced and continue to be a useful visual record for researchers and historians of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection supports many of our Florida ephemera or Floridiana collections and is a great resource for the visual history of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and the other towns of Northeast Florida. ","Sources:\n New York State Library Postcard Collection-Appendix C","Greetings from the Smithsonian: A Postcard History","This collection contains postcards related to Northeast Florida's agricultural, shipping, manufacturing, and tourism industries and is part of a larger ephemera collection related to region. The collection was donated over several years by UNF library staff. Postcards range in date from the late 19th century through the late 20th century, with the bulk dates falling between 1900 and 1950. The collection is arranged alphabetically by series and chronologically within each series. \nSeries in this collection include the following:","Series 1- Advertising Cards (arranged chronologically) contains business advertisement cards from Northeast Florida business and organizations.","Series 2- Agriculture (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the agricultural industry in Northeast Florida","Series 3- Airports (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville International Airport and local municipal airports in Northeast Florida.","Series 4- Alligator Farm; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes from the Alligator farm, an early 20th century tourist attraction in Jacksonville, Florida.","Series 5- Atlantic Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting panoramic views of Atlantic Beach, local hotels, and other tourist attractions.","Series 6- Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting steamer ships owned by the Clyde Line, commercial shipping docks, and views of the intracoastal waterway.","Series 7- Bank Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the Florida National Bank, Atlantic National Bank, Barnett First National Bank, and other local Northeast Florida Bank buildings.","Series 8- Bridges (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting local Jacksonville, Florida bridges, including the Fuller Warren Bridge, Main Street Bridge, Matthews Bridge, Napolean Bonaparte Broward Bridge, and Hart Bridge.","Series 9- Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting buildings in downtown Jacksonville, including structures of architectural significance like the St. James Building and the Shriners Temple.","Series 10- Church Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting churches of different denominations, including Catholic, Baptist, Methodist, and Episcopal, in the Northeast Florida area.","Series 11- Clubs (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area athletic and social clubs. Examples include the Seminole Club, Fort George Club, Masonic Temple, and San Jose Golf Club.","Series 12- Cumberland Island, Georgia (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Thomas M. Carnegie's home, Dungeness. ","Series 13- Dixieland Park; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting early 20th century tourist attraction on the Southbank of Jacksonville. ","Series 14- Docks and Shipping (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of commercial shipping docks and steamer ships on the St Johns River in downtown Jacksonville. ","Series 15- Dwellings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting private residences in the Riverside, Springfield, Mandarin, and Ortega neighborhoods of Jacksonville. ","Series 16- Epping Forest; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the mansion of Alfred I. du Pont, now the Epping Forest Yacht Club.","Series 17- Eustis, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting photographic postcard taken in Eustis, Florida.","Series 18- Fernandina Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting businesses, municipal buildings, hotels, private residences, and beach scenes.","Series 19- Florida Ostrich Farm; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting tourist attraction popular in the early 20th century, with scenes of the farm with birds and ostriches racing. ","Series 20- Fort Clinch State Park, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting structures and ruins of the Civil War fort near Amelia Island and Fernandina Beach.","Series 21- Friendship Park; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Friendship fountain and the downtown Jacksonville skyline across from the park located on the Southbank. ","Series 22- Gardens (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of plants native to Northeast Florida and Cummer Museum and Gardens. ","Series 23- General (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a variety of scenes of locations in Jacksonville, cards printed by local printer H\u0026WB Drew Company, and cards addressed to Jacksonville addresses.","Series 24- Green Cove Springs, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Springs, the bathing pavilion, and the Qui-Si-Sana Hotel and Health Spa. ","Series 25- Hemming Park; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the grounds and businesses surrounding the park, known today as James Weldon Johnson Park. ","Series 26- Highways (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting several multi-lane highways and expressways in Jacksonville. ","Series 27- Hilliard, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a hotel located in Hilliard, Florida near the Florida/Georgia Border. ","Series 28- Hospitals (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area hospitals, including St. Vincent's Hospital, De Soto Sanatorium, St. Luke's Hospital, and Brewster Hospital. ","Series 29- Hotels (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area hotels, including Hotel Burbridge, Hotel Roosevelt, Aragon Hotel, and Windsor Hotel. ","Series 30- Jacksonville Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of local businesses, hotels, restaurants, and beaches.","Series 31- Keystone Heights, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a hotel in Keystone Heights, Florida. ","Series 32- Kingsley Plantation; Fort George Island, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting National Park Kingsley Plantation on Fort George Island. ","Series 33- Library Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the exteriors of Jacksonville area public library buildings.","Series 34- Marineland, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting aerial views of Marineland Studios, dolphins, and businesses at the historic tourist attraction. ","Series 35- Military Bases (arranged chronologically) contains photographic postcards depicting Camp Foster, founded as a work camp during the Great Depression, Camp Blanding Army Camp, and Camp Joseph E. Johnston.","Series 36- Mining (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting phosphate mining in Florida. ","Series 37- Monuments (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting monuments in the Jacksonville area.","Series 38- Motels (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting mid-20th century tourist motels in the Jacksonville area along U.S. Highway 1.","Series 39- Museums (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting artwork from the collections of the Cummer Museum in the Riverside neighborhood of Jacksonville, Florida. ","Series 40- Naval Air Station; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting structures at Mayport, Cecil Field, and Jacksonville Naval Air stations. ","Series 41- Neptune Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of beach front at Neptune Beach.","Series 42- Orange Park, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting structures at Moosehaven Retirement Community located in Orange Park, Florida on the St. Johns River. ","Series 43- Oriental Gardens; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes from the former tourist attraction located on San Jose Boulevard.","Series 44- Parks (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting historic images of parks in various Jacksonville neighborhoods, including Riverside and Springfield parks. ","Series 45- Persons (arranged chronologically) contains photographic postcards depicting portraits of visitors to Jacksonville. ","Series 46- Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting views of structures on the Ponte Vedra Inn and Club.","Series 47- Post Office Building (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting early 20th century Federal Post Office in downtown Jacksonville. ","Series 48- Public Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various municipal buildings including the original Duval County Courthouse, The Armory, and the Civic Auditorium of Jacksonville. ","Series 49- Restaurants (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area restaurants.","Series 50- St. Augustine, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting businesses, tourist attractions, and historic sites in St. Augustine, Florida","Series 51- St. Johns River, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes from the St. Johns River, ","Series 52- Sanford, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a steamer ship in Sanford, Florida.","Series 53- Schools (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting school buildings in the Jacksonville area including Central Grammar School, Duval High School, Edward Waters College.","Series 54- Silver Springs, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a scene of glass-bottom boats at the springs. ","Series 55- Souvenir Postcard Booklets (arranged chronologically) contains multi-postcard booklets depicting scenes from Northeast Florida.","Series 56- Streets (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting street views in downtown Jacksonville, and the Riverside and Springfield neighborhoods. ","Series 57- Theaters (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the Palace and New Palace theaters.","Series 58- Trailer Camps (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of tourist trailer campgrounds near Jacksonville. ","Series 59- Trees (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various species of trees native to Northeast Florida and the famous Treaty Oak live oak tree located in Jesse Ball duPont Park. ","Series 60- Turpentine Industry (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of turpentine camps in Northeast Florida.","Series 61- Union Station (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various scenes of the historic Union Station in Downtown Jacksonville, now the Prime F. Osborn III Convention Center.","Series 62- Universities and Colleges (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville University, University of North Florida, and Edward Waters College campuses. ","Series 63- Viaducts/Trains (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting railroad viaducts and close-up depictions of train engines. ","Series 64- Waterfronts (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various views of the Jacksonville skyline as seen from the St. Johns River. ","Series 65- Waterworks; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the historic waterworks located in the Springfield neighborhood of Jacksonville. ","Series 66- Zoos (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting views from the Jacksonville Zoo during the early and mid-20th century. ","Series 67- Sensitive Content (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting content that may be harmful or distressing to viewers. These items are available to review in person only.","Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information","UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["2024.001","/repositories/3/resources/82"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1858-2019"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, 1858-2019"],"collection_title_tesim":["Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, 1858-2019"],"collection_ssim":["Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, 1858-2019"],"repository_ssm":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was acquired through donation."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.92 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1.92 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\tIn the United States, the traditional picture postcard rose to popularity in the early 20th century. Postcard history is often divided into eight distinct \"eras\" beginning in the 1850s and continuing through the \"Golden Age of Postcards\" beginning around 1905 and lasting through 1915. In this golden age, millions of cards were printed and sold throughout the entire U.S. and collecting cards became a popular hobby. The Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection contains examples from many of the documented eras, including photographic cards popularized in the nineteen teens and twenties. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAdvances in printing and photographic techniques along with faster shipping methods between the U.S. and Europe allowed for the mass production of brightly colored pictorial cards to be quickly manufactured and distributed to sellers. In addition to the printers in major U.S. cities, a network of publishers and photographers allowed many local businesses in small towns across the U.S. to commission postcards of local \"views\" that were cheaply printed in Germany. Many images of small-town life, including municipal architecture, private residences, and street scenes were preserved and are a useful tool for local historians and researchers. These views act as a \"visual record of a town\" and help develop a fuller understanding of the locations represented in the postcards. Additionally, postcards depicted natural disasters, fires, local amusements, and tourist attractions and were important to the souvenir trade of the time.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAt the height of the industry's popularity, publishers would often share or even steal negatives to create their own postcards and often would change or distort the negative to make them appear different from other printers. Misspellings were common and incorrectly captioned cards were also prevalent. The Northeast Florida Regional Postcard collection has several examples of this business tactic and many examples of misspellings in the captions or titles on the cards. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nEnthusiasm for postcard collecting began to wane around 1912 and ended with the start of World War I. Even though the initial craze for postcards diminished, they are still produced and continue to be a useful visual record for researchers and historians of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection supports many of our Florida ephemera or Floridiana collections and is a great resource for the visual history of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and the other towns of Northeast Florida. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\n\u003cextref href=\"https://www.nysl.nysed.gov/msscfa/qc16510ess.htm\"\u003eNew York State Library Postcard Collection-Appendix C\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"https://siarchives.si.edu/history/featured-topics/postcard/postcard-history\"\u003eGreetings from the Smithsonian: A Postcard History\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["\tIn the United States, the traditional picture postcard rose to popularity in the early 20th century. Postcard history is often divided into eight distinct \"eras\" beginning in the 1850s and continuing through the \"Golden Age of Postcards\" beginning around 1905 and lasting through 1915. In this golden age, millions of cards were printed and sold throughout the entire U.S. and collecting cards became a popular hobby. The Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection contains examples from many of the documented eras, including photographic cards popularized in the nineteen teens and twenties. ","\nAdvances in printing and photographic techniques along with faster shipping methods between the U.S. and Europe allowed for the mass production of brightly colored pictorial cards to be quickly manufactured and distributed to sellers. In addition to the printers in major U.S. cities, a network of publishers and photographers allowed many local businesses in small towns across the U.S. to commission postcards of local \"views\" that were cheaply printed in Germany. Many images of small-town life, including municipal architecture, private residences, and street scenes were preserved and are a useful tool for local historians and researchers. These views act as a \"visual record of a town\" and help develop a fuller understanding of the locations represented in the postcards. Additionally, postcards depicted natural disasters, fires, local amusements, and tourist attractions and were important to the souvenir trade of the time.  ","\nAt the height of the industry's popularity, publishers would often share or even steal negatives to create their own postcards and often would change or distort the negative to make them appear different from other printers. Misspellings were common and incorrectly captioned cards were also prevalent. The Northeast Florida Regional Postcard collection has several examples of this business tactic and many examples of misspellings in the captions or titles on the cards. ","\nEnthusiasm for postcard collecting began to wane around 1912 and ended with the start of World War I. Even though the initial craze for postcards diminished, they are still produced and continue to be a useful visual record for researchers and historians of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection supports many of our Florida ephemera or Floridiana collections and is a great resource for the visual history of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and the other towns of Northeast Florida. ","Sources:\n New York State Library Postcard Collection-Appendix C","Greetings from the Smithsonian: A Postcard History"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNortheast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains postcards related to Northeast Florida's agricultural, shipping, manufacturing, and tourism industries and is part of a larger ephemera collection related to region. The collection was donated over several years by UNF library staff. Postcards range in date from the late 19th century through the late 20th century, with the bulk dates falling between 1900 and 1950. The collection is arranged alphabetically by series and chronologically within each series. \nSeries in this collection include the following:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1- Advertising Cards (arranged chronologically) contains business advertisement cards from Northeast Florida business and organizations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2- Agriculture (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the agricultural industry in Northeast Florida\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3- Airports (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville International Airport and local municipal airports in Northeast Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4- Alligator Farm; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes from the Alligator farm, an early 20th century tourist attraction in Jacksonville, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5- Atlantic Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting panoramic views of Atlantic Beach, local hotels, and other tourist attractions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6- Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting steamer ships owned by the Clyde Line, commercial shipping docks, and views of the intracoastal waterway.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7- Bank Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the Florida National Bank, Atlantic National Bank, Barnett First National Bank, and other local Northeast Florida Bank buildings.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8- Bridges (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting local Jacksonville, Florida bridges, including the Fuller Warren Bridge, Main Street Bridge, Matthews Bridge, Napolean Bonaparte Broward Bridge, and Hart Bridge.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9- Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting buildings in downtown Jacksonville, including structures of architectural significance like the St. James Building and the Shriners Temple.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 10- Church Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting churches of different denominations, including Catholic, Baptist, Methodist, and Episcopal, in the Northeast Florida area.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 11- Clubs (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area athletic and social clubs. Examples include the Seminole Club, Fort George Club, Masonic Temple, and San Jose Golf Club.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 12- Cumberland Island, Georgia (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Thomas M. Carnegie's home, Dungeness. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 13- Dixieland Park; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting early 20th century tourist attraction on the Southbank of Jacksonville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 14- Docks and Shipping (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of commercial shipping docks and steamer ships on the St Johns River in downtown Jacksonville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 15- Dwellings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting private residences in the Riverside, Springfield, Mandarin, and Ortega neighborhoods of Jacksonville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 16- Epping Forest; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the mansion of Alfred I. du Pont, now the Epping Forest Yacht Club.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 17- Eustis, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting photographic postcard taken in Eustis, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 18- Fernandina Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting businesses, municipal buildings, hotels, private residences, and beach scenes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 19- Florida Ostrich Farm; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting tourist attraction popular in the early 20th century, with scenes of the farm with birds and ostriches racing. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 20- Fort Clinch State Park, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting structures and ruins of the Civil War fort near Amelia Island and Fernandina Beach.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 21- Friendship Park; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Friendship fountain and the downtown Jacksonville skyline across from the park located on the Southbank. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 22- Gardens (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of plants native to Northeast Florida and Cummer Museum and Gardens. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 23- General (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a variety of scenes of locations in Jacksonville, cards printed by local printer H\u0026amp;WB Drew Company, and cards addressed to Jacksonville addresses.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 24- Green Cove Springs, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Springs, the bathing pavilion, and the Qui-Si-Sana Hotel and Health Spa. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 25- Hemming Park; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the grounds and businesses surrounding the park, known today as James Weldon Johnson Park. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 26- Highways (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting several multi-lane highways and expressways in Jacksonville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 27- Hilliard, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a hotel located in Hilliard, Florida near the Florida/Georgia Border. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 28- Hospitals (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area hospitals, including St. Vincent's Hospital, De Soto Sanatorium, St. Luke's Hospital, and Brewster Hospital. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 29- Hotels (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area hotels, including Hotel Burbridge, Hotel Roosevelt, Aragon Hotel, and Windsor Hotel. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 30- Jacksonville Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of local businesses, hotels, restaurants, and beaches.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 31- Keystone Heights, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a hotel in Keystone Heights, Florida. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 32- Kingsley Plantation; Fort George Island, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting National Park Kingsley Plantation on Fort George Island. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 33- Library Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the exteriors of Jacksonville area public library buildings.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 34- Marineland, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting aerial views of Marineland Studios, dolphins, and businesses at the historic tourist attraction. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 35- Military Bases (arranged chronologically) contains photographic postcards depicting Camp Foster, founded as a work camp during the Great Depression, Camp Blanding Army Camp, and Camp Joseph E. Johnston.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 36- Mining (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting phosphate mining in Florida. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 37- Monuments (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting monuments in the Jacksonville area.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 38- Motels (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting mid-20th century tourist motels in the Jacksonville area along U.S. Highway 1.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 39- Museums (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting artwork from the collections of the Cummer Museum in the Riverside neighborhood of Jacksonville, Florida. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 40- Naval Air Station; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting structures at Mayport, Cecil Field, and Jacksonville Naval Air stations. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 41- Neptune Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of beach front at Neptune Beach.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 42- Orange Park, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting structures at Moosehaven Retirement Community located in Orange Park, Florida on the St. Johns River. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 43- Oriental Gardens; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes from the former tourist attraction located on San Jose Boulevard.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 44- Parks (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting historic images of parks in various Jacksonville neighborhoods, including Riverside and Springfield parks. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 45- Persons (arranged chronologically) contains photographic postcards depicting portraits of visitors to Jacksonville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 46- Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting views of structures on the Ponte Vedra Inn and Club.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 47- Post Office Building (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting early 20th century Federal Post Office in downtown Jacksonville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 48- Public Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various municipal buildings including the original Duval County Courthouse, The Armory, and the Civic Auditorium of Jacksonville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 49- Restaurants (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area restaurants.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 50- St. Augustine, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting businesses, tourist attractions, and historic sites in St. Augustine, Florida\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 51- St. Johns River, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes from the St. Johns River, \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 52- Sanford, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a steamer ship in Sanford, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 53- Schools (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting school buildings in the Jacksonville area including Central Grammar School, Duval High School, Edward Waters College.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 54- Silver Springs, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a scene of glass-bottom boats at the springs. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 55- Souvenir Postcard Booklets (arranged chronologically) contains multi-postcard booklets depicting scenes from Northeast Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 56- Streets (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting street views in downtown Jacksonville, and the Riverside and Springfield neighborhoods. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 57- Theaters (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the Palace and New Palace theaters.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 58- Trailer Camps (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of tourist trailer campgrounds near Jacksonville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 59- Trees (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various species of trees native to Northeast Florida and the famous Treaty Oak live oak tree located in Jesse Ball duPont Park. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 60- Turpentine Industry (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of turpentine camps in Northeast Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 61- Union Station (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various scenes of the historic Union Station in Downtown Jacksonville, now the Prime F. Osborn III Convention Center.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 62- Universities and Colleges (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville University, University of North Florida, and Edward Waters College campuses. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 63- Viaducts/Trains (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting railroad viaducts and close-up depictions of train engines. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 64- Waterfronts (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various views of the Jacksonville skyline as seen from the St. Johns River. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 65- Waterworks; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the historic waterworks located in the Springfield neighborhood of Jacksonville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 66- Zoos (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting views from the Jacksonville Zoo during the early and mid-20th century. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 67- Sensitive Content (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting content that may be harmful or distressing to viewers. These items are available to review in person only.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains postcards related to Northeast Florida's agricultural, shipping, manufacturing, and tourism industries and is part of a larger ephemera collection related to region. The collection was donated over several years by UNF library staff. Postcards range in date from the late 19th century through the late 20th century, with the bulk dates falling between 1900 and 1950. The collection is arranged alphabetically by series and chronologically within each series. \nSeries in this collection include the following:","Series 1- Advertising Cards (arranged chronologically) contains business advertisement cards from Northeast Florida business and organizations.","Series 2- Agriculture (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the agricultural industry in Northeast Florida","Series 3- Airports (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville International Airport and local municipal airports in Northeast Florida.","Series 4- Alligator Farm; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes from the Alligator farm, an early 20th century tourist attraction in Jacksonville, Florida.","Series 5- Atlantic Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting panoramic views of Atlantic Beach, local hotels, and other tourist attractions.","Series 6- Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting steamer ships owned by the Clyde Line, commercial shipping docks, and views of the intracoastal waterway.","Series 7- Bank Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the Florida National Bank, Atlantic National Bank, Barnett First National Bank, and other local Northeast Florida Bank buildings.","Series 8- Bridges (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting local Jacksonville, Florida bridges, including the Fuller Warren Bridge, Main Street Bridge, Matthews Bridge, Napolean Bonaparte Broward Bridge, and Hart Bridge.","Series 9- Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting buildings in downtown Jacksonville, including structures of architectural significance like the St. James Building and the Shriners Temple.","Series 10- Church Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting churches of different denominations, including Catholic, Baptist, Methodist, and Episcopal, in the Northeast Florida area.","Series 11- Clubs (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area athletic and social clubs. Examples include the Seminole Club, Fort George Club, Masonic Temple, and San Jose Golf Club.","Series 12- Cumberland Island, Georgia (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Thomas M. Carnegie's home, Dungeness. ","Series 13- Dixieland Park; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting early 20th century tourist attraction on the Southbank of Jacksonville. ","Series 14- Docks and Shipping (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of commercial shipping docks and steamer ships on the St Johns River in downtown Jacksonville. ","Series 15- Dwellings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting private residences in the Riverside, Springfield, Mandarin, and Ortega neighborhoods of Jacksonville. ","Series 16- Epping Forest; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the mansion of Alfred I. du Pont, now the Epping Forest Yacht Club.","Series 17- Eustis, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting photographic postcard taken in Eustis, Florida.","Series 18- Fernandina Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting businesses, municipal buildings, hotels, private residences, and beach scenes.","Series 19- Florida Ostrich Farm; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting tourist attraction popular in the early 20th century, with scenes of the farm with birds and ostriches racing. ","Series 20- Fort Clinch State Park, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting structures and ruins of the Civil War fort near Amelia Island and Fernandina Beach.","Series 21- Friendship Park; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Friendship fountain and the downtown Jacksonville skyline across from the park located on the Southbank. ","Series 22- Gardens (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of plants native to Northeast Florida and Cummer Museum and Gardens. ","Series 23- General (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a variety of scenes of locations in Jacksonville, cards printed by local printer H\u0026WB Drew Company, and cards addressed to Jacksonville addresses.","Series 24- Green Cove Springs, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Springs, the bathing pavilion, and the Qui-Si-Sana Hotel and Health Spa. ","Series 25- Hemming Park; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the grounds and businesses surrounding the park, known today as James Weldon Johnson Park. ","Series 26- Highways (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting several multi-lane highways and expressways in Jacksonville. ","Series 27- Hilliard, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a hotel located in Hilliard, Florida near the Florida/Georgia Border. ","Series 28- Hospitals (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area hospitals, including St. Vincent's Hospital, De Soto Sanatorium, St. Luke's Hospital, and Brewster Hospital. ","Series 29- Hotels (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area hotels, including Hotel Burbridge, Hotel Roosevelt, Aragon Hotel, and Windsor Hotel. ","Series 30- Jacksonville Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of local businesses, hotels, restaurants, and beaches.","Series 31- Keystone Heights, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a hotel in Keystone Heights, Florida. ","Series 32- Kingsley Plantation; Fort George Island, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting National Park Kingsley Plantation on Fort George Island. ","Series 33- Library Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the exteriors of Jacksonville area public library buildings.","Series 34- Marineland, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting aerial views of Marineland Studios, dolphins, and businesses at the historic tourist attraction. ","Series 35- Military Bases (arranged chronologically) contains photographic postcards depicting Camp Foster, founded as a work camp during the Great Depression, Camp Blanding Army Camp, and Camp Joseph E. Johnston.","Series 36- Mining (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting phosphate mining in Florida. ","Series 37- Monuments (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting monuments in the Jacksonville area.","Series 38- Motels (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting mid-20th century tourist motels in the Jacksonville area along U.S. Highway 1.","Series 39- Museums (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting artwork from the collections of the Cummer Museum in the Riverside neighborhood of Jacksonville, Florida. ","Series 40- Naval Air Station; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting structures at Mayport, Cecil Field, and Jacksonville Naval Air stations. ","Series 41- Neptune Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of beach front at Neptune Beach.","Series 42- Orange Park, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting structures at Moosehaven Retirement Community located in Orange Park, Florida on the St. Johns River. ","Series 43- Oriental Gardens; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes from the former tourist attraction located on San Jose Boulevard.","Series 44- Parks (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting historic images of parks in various Jacksonville neighborhoods, including Riverside and Springfield parks. ","Series 45- Persons (arranged chronologically) contains photographic postcards depicting portraits of visitors to Jacksonville. ","Series 46- Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting views of structures on the Ponte Vedra Inn and Club.","Series 47- Post Office Building (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting early 20th century Federal Post Office in downtown Jacksonville. ","Series 48- Public Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various municipal buildings including the original Duval County Courthouse, The Armory, and the Civic Auditorium of Jacksonville. ","Series 49- Restaurants (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area restaurants.","Series 50- St. Augustine, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting businesses, tourist attractions, and historic sites in St. Augustine, Florida","Series 51- St. Johns River, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes from the St. Johns River, ","Series 52- Sanford, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a steamer ship in Sanford, Florida.","Series 53- Schools (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting school buildings in the Jacksonville area including Central Grammar School, Duval High School, Edward Waters College.","Series 54- Silver Springs, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a scene of glass-bottom boats at the springs. ","Series 55- Souvenir Postcard Booklets (arranged chronologically) contains multi-postcard booklets depicting scenes from Northeast Florida.","Series 56- Streets (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting street views in downtown Jacksonville, and the Riverside and Springfield neighborhoods. ","Series 57- Theaters (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the Palace and New Palace theaters.","Series 58- Trailer Camps (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of tourist trailer campgrounds near Jacksonville. ","Series 59- Trees (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various species of trees native to Northeast Florida and the famous Treaty Oak live oak tree located in Jesse Ball duPont Park. ","Series 60- Turpentine Industry (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of turpentine camps in Northeast Florida.","Series 61- Union Station (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various scenes of the historic Union Station in Downtown Jacksonville, now the Prime F. Osborn III Convention Center.","Series 62- Universities and Colleges (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville University, University of North Florida, and Edward Waters College campuses. ","Series 63- Viaducts/Trains (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting railroad viaducts and close-up depictions of train engines. ","Series 64- Waterfronts (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various views of the Jacksonville skyline as seen from the St. Johns River. ","Series 65- Waterworks; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the historic waterworks located in the Springfield neighborhood of Jacksonville. ","Series 66- Zoos (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting views from the Jacksonville Zoo during the early and mid-20th century. ","Series 67- Sensitive Content (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting content that may be harmful or distressing to viewers. These items are available to review in person only."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. 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