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They published a history of the 460th, along with editing and publishing a newsletter for the 460th Bomb Group Society.","Note written by Jordan Bolan","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","The collection of the 460th Heavy Bombardment Group Society contains a unit history of this B-24 U.S. Army Air Corps Group, 55th Wing, 760th, 761st, 762nd, 763rd Squadrons and Group Headquarters, which served in the Italian Campaign. This collection primarily focuses on the memory of the war and those who served in the 460th. Included is a listing of the airmen who were held as prisoners of war, including their squadrons, positions on the plane (e.g. pilot, gunner), the date, mission, and what country or stalag in which they were held. 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They published a history of the 460th, along with editing and publishing a newsletter for the 460th Bomb Group Society.","Note written by Jordan Bolan"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], 460th Heavy Bombardment Group Society papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_01_0046\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_01_0046\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], 460th Heavy Bombardment Group Society papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_01_0046 ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection of the 460th Heavy Bombardment Group Society contains a unit history of this B-24 U.S. Army Air Corps Group, 55th Wing, 760th, 761st, 762nd, 763rd Squadrons and Group Headquarters, which served in the Italian Campaign. This collection primarily focuses on the memory of the war and those who served in the 460th. Included is a listing of the airmen who were held as prisoners of war, including their squadrons, positions on the plane (e.g. pilot, gunner), the date, mission, and what country or stalag in which they were held. Also included is a booklet, \"Remembering the 460th Bomb Group (H),\" which contains photographs, personnel lists, and maps, and was prepared as a gift from Duane and Betty Bohnstedt to their members. There are mission lists, target details, flight records, and crew searches. The collection includes issues of the society's veterans' association magazine, \"Black Panther\" from mid-1990 to their final issue, December 2005.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAdditionally, there are copies of diaries, personal files, memoirs, and wartime letters assembled and sent to Bohnstedt by various crew members. An oral history of Bohnstedt is included. Correspondence is included with members that gave to his collection, as well as his accounts of personal research and travel while assembling this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection of the 460th Heavy Bombardment Group Society contains a unit history of this B-24 U.S. Army Air Corps Group, 55th Wing, 760th, 761st, 762nd, 763rd Squadrons and Group Headquarters, which served in the Italian Campaign. This collection primarily focuses on the memory of the war and those who served in the 460th. Included is a listing of the airmen who were held as prisoners of war, including their squadrons, positions on the plane (e.g. pilot, gunner), the date, mission, and what country or stalag in which they were held. Also included is a booklet, \"Remembering the 460th Bomb Group (H),\" which contains photographs, personnel lists, and maps, and was prepared as a gift from Duane and Betty Bohnstedt to their members. There are mission lists, target details, flight records, and crew searches. The collection includes issues of the society's veterans' association magazine, \"Black Panther\" from mid-1990 to their final issue, December 2005.","Additionally, there are copies of diaries, personal files, memoirs, and wartime letters assembled and sent to Bohnstedt by various crew members. An oral history of Bohnstedt is included. Correspondence is included with members that gave to his collection, as well as his accounts of personal research and travel while assembling this collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_e6da208691d4ff964bb3e8a2b5fd52c9\"\u003eClaude Pepper Library\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Claude Pepper Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Group (H), 460th","United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 15th","Germany. Luftwaffe","Great Britain. Royal Air Force."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Group (H), 460th","United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 15th","Germany. Luftwaffe","Great Britain. Royal Air Force.","Bohnstedt, Duane","Bohnstedt, Betty","Schwartz, John G., 1917-2003"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Group (H), 460th","United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 15th","Germany. Luftwaffe","Great Britain. Royal Air Force."],"famname_ssim":["Bohnstedt, Duane","Bohnstedt, Betty"],"persname_ssim":["Schwartz, John G., 1917-2003"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":345,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1875295911299514368,"_root_":"5500fdde41498d66fc4946d1","timestamp":"2026-09-03T07:45:46.264Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5500fdde41498d66fc4946d1"}},{"id":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/480e46a504f2fba6b1588537#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/480e46a504f2fba6b1588537#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to the 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) that was assigned to the 15th Air Force and based in Torretta, Italy as a component of the Foggia Airfield Complex during World War II and assigned B-24 Liberator heavy bombers.  The materials contained in this collection were subsequently assembled during the post-war period by the 484th Bombardment Group Association.  The collection contains official reports, data sheets, statistics, newspapers, Missing Air Crew Reports, personal histories, photographs, and unit histories.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/480e46a504f2fba6b1588537#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537","title_filing_ssi":"484th Bombardment Group Association papers","title_ssm":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers"],"title_tesim":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers"],"ead_ssi":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537","unitdate_ssm":["1939-1998"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1939-1998"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["02.0047","/repositories/10/resources/197"],"text":["02.0047","/repositories/10/resources/197","484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998","Foggia (Italy)","B-24 (Bomber)","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Yugoslavia","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","This collection is open to all researchers.","Constituted as 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) on September 14, 1943, the group officially activated on September 20th. Trained for combat with B-24 Liberator heavy bombers, the group transferred to Torretto Airfield in Italy during March and April 1944. Torretta airfield (also known as Cerignola #3) served as a semi-permanent heavy bomber airfield located approximately 14km (9 miles) southwest of Cerignola in Apulia, Italy.  This airbase would eventually form part of the Foggia Airfield Complex.  Assigned to Fifteenth Air Force, the group was redesignated the 484th Bombardment Group (Pathfinder) in May 1944 but did not perform pathfinder functions. Again, redesignated 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) in November 1944, the group operated primarily as a strategic bombardment organization through to April 1945.\n The group attacked targets such as oil refineries, oil storage plants, aircraft factories, heavy industry, and communications in Italy, France, Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Rumania, and Yugoslavia. On June 13, 1944, a heavy smoke screen prevented the group from bombing marshaling yards at Munich. In spite of severe damage from German flak and fighters, and despite heavy gunfire encountered at the alternate target, the group bombed marshaling yards at Innsbruck and received a Distinguished Unit Citation (DUC) for its persistent action. The group received a second DUC for performance on August 22, 1944, when, unescorted, the organization fought its way through an intense opposition to attack underground oil storage installations in Vienna. In addition to strategic missions, the 484th supported the allied ground drive toward Rome by bombing bridges, supply dumps, viaducts, and marshaling yards from April to June 1944. Furthermore, the group ferried gasoline and oil to Allied forces in southern France during September 1944 and supported the final advance through northern Italy.  Moved to Casablanca in May 1945, the group was assigned to Air Transport Command and subsequently deactivated in French Morocco on July 25, 1945. Squadrons assigned to the group included the 824th, 825th, 826th, and 827th. Stations assigned for the group during the war included Harvard AAF,  Nebraska from September 20, 1943, to March 2, 1944; Torretta AAF, Italy from April 1944-May 1945; and Casablanca, French Morocco, from May 25 to July 25, 1945. The assigned commanders included Colonel William B Keese from October 1943 to April 1945 and Lieutenant Colonel Chester C. Busch from April 1945 to deactivation","History of  The Torretta Flyer  newsletter:","Bud Markel wrote the history of the 484th Bomb Group and preserved it in  The Torretta Flyer.  He and his wife Bea organized the first reunion of the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups in May of 1981.  In December of 1981, the 461st and 484th Bomb Groups Association were incorporated in the state of California as a non-profit corporation. Starting with a newsletter bulletin to keep early members up to date on the fledgling organization, the name  The Torretta Flyer  was first applied to newsletter number 4. In 1992 the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups formed their own separate associations. Bud was the president of the 484th BG Association and the editor of  The Torretta Flyer  until the association was disbanded in 2001.  An excellent writer, photographer, aviation historian, and organizer, Bud published  The Torretta Flyer  twice yearly for 20 years.  With the help of Bea, he also organized and hosted annual reunions for the association.  The Torretta Flyer  evolved from a mimeographed newsletter into a fine glossy magazine filled with photographs, data compiled from official sources, letters and stories written by members, and scholarly contributions from writers in the historical aviation field.  When the 484th BG Association was disbanded, Bud and Bea donated 50 1200 page bound two-volume sets of  The Torretta Flyer  to various libraries and museums around the country.  Bud Markel flew 35 combat missions as a B-24 engineer between January and May of 1945.  He was employed as an A\u0026P mechanic for United Airlines in Los Angeles from 1948 until retirement.  He was especially proud of the 484th BG Association scholarship fund which was originally conceived as a living memorial to the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups.  Through this fund, the association donated $53,000 to deserving high school students from the area around Cerignola, Italy.  The Torretta Flyer  is copyright © 484th Bomb Group Association","Link to The Torretta Flyer newsletter index:  http://www.484th.org/Torretta%20Flyer/Torretta%20Flyer.htm","Source:","\"484th Bombardment Group (H).\" www.484th.org. Accessed June 8, 2018. http://www.484th.org/.","Note written by Dick Olson, 484th Bombardment Group Association Historian","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","Link to official website of the 484th Bombardment Group Association:   http://www.484th.org/ . This website is also included in an  Internet Archive web collection  for the World War II Archives. ","The Internet Archive collection includes the website for the 461st Bombardment Group (H).","This collection relates to the 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) that was assigned to the 15th Air Force and based in Torretta, Italy as a component of the Foggia Airfield Complex during World War II and assigned B-24 Liberator heavy bombers.  The materials contained in this collection were subsequently assembled during the post-war period by the 484th Bombardment Group Association.  The collection contains official reports, data sheets, statistics, newspapers, Missing Air Crew Reports, personal histories, photographs, and unit histories.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","Claude Pepper Library","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","484th Bombardment Group Association","United States. Army Air Forces, Bombardment Group (H), 484th","English"],"unitid_tesim":["02.0047","/repositories/10/resources/197"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1939-1998"],"normalized_title_ssm":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"collection_title_tesim":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"collection_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Foggia (Italy)"],"geogname_ssim":["Foggia (Italy)"],"creator_ssm":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"creator_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"creators_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"places_ssim":["Foggia (Italy)"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"access_subjects_ssim":["B-24 (Bomber)","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Yugoslavia","World War, 1939-1945--Austria"],"access_subjects_ssm":["B-24 (Bomber)","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Yugoslavia","World War, 1939-1945--Austria"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["17 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["17 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConstituted as 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) on September 14, 1943, the group officially activated on September 20th. Trained for combat with B-24 Liberator heavy bombers, the group transferred to Torretto Airfield in Italy during March and April 1944. Torretta airfield (also known as Cerignola #3) served as a semi-permanent heavy bomber airfield located approximately 14km (9 miles) southwest of Cerignola in Apulia, Italy.\u0026#xA0; This airbase would eventually form part of the Foggia Airfield Complex.\u0026#xA0; Assigned to Fifteenth Air Force, the group was redesignated the 484th Bombardment Group (Pathfinder) in May 1944 but did not perform pathfinder functions. Again, redesignated 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) in November 1944, the group operated primarily as a strategic bombardment organization through to April 1945.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe group attacked targets such as oil refineries, oil storage plants, aircraft factories, heavy industry, and communications in Italy, France, Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Rumania, and Yugoslavia. On June 13, 1944, a heavy smoke screen prevented the group from bombing marshaling yards at Munich. In spite of severe damage from German flak and fighters, and despite heavy gunfire encountered at the alternate target, the group bombed marshaling yards at Innsbruck and received a Distinguished Unit Citation (DUC) for its persistent action. The group received a second DUC for performance on August 22, 1944, when, unescorted, the organization fought its way through an intense opposition to attack underground oil storage installations in Vienna. In addition to strategic missions, the 484th supported the allied ground drive toward Rome by bombing bridges, supply dumps, viaducts, and marshaling yards from April to June 1944. Furthermore, the group ferried gasoline and oil to Allied forces in southern France during September 1944 and supported the final advance through northern Italy.\u0026#xA0; Moved to Casablanca in May 1945, the group was assigned to Air Transport Command and subsequently deactivated in French Morocco on July 25, 1945. Squadrons assigned to the group included the 824th, 825th, 826th, and 827th. Stations assigned for the group during the war included Harvard AAF,\u0026#xA0; Nebraska from September 20, 1943, to March 2, 1944; Torretta AAF, Italy from April 1944-May 1945; and Casablanca, French Morocco, from May 25 to July 25, 1945. The assigned commanders included Colonel William B Keese from October 1943 to April 1945 and Lieutenant Colonel Chester C. Busch from April 1945 to deactivation\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eHistory of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e newsletter:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBud Markel wrote the history of the 484th Bomb Group and preserved it in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer.\u003c/emph\u003e He and his wife Bea organized the first reunion of the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups in May of 1981.\u0026#xA0; In December of 1981, the 461st and 484th Bomb Groups Association were incorporated in the state of California as a non-profit corporation. Starting with a newsletter bulletin to keep early members up to date on the fledgling organization, the name \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e was first applied to newsletter number 4. In 1992 the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups formed their own separate associations. Bud was the president of the 484th BG Association and the editor of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e until the association was disbanded in 2001.\u0026#xA0; An excellent writer, photographer, aviation historian, and organizer, Bud published \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e twice yearly for 20 years.\u0026#xA0; With the help of Bea, he also organized and hosted annual reunions for the association. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e evolved from a mimeographed newsletter into a fine glossy magazine filled with photographs, data compiled from official sources, letters and stories written by members, and scholarly contributions from writers in the historical aviation field.\u0026#xA0; When the 484th BG Association was disbanded, Bud and Bea donated 50 1200 page bound two-volume sets of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e to various libraries and museums around the country.\u0026#xA0; Bud Markel flew 35 combat missions as a B-24 engineer between January and May of 1945.\u0026#xA0; He was employed as an A\u0026amp;P mechanic for United Airlines in Los Angeles from 1948 until retirement.\u0026#xA0; He was especially proud of the 484th BG Association scholarship fund which was originally conceived as a living memorial to the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups.\u0026#xA0; Through this fund, the association donated $53,000 to deserving high school students from the area around Cerignola, Italy. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e is copyright \u0026#xA9; 484th Bomb Group Association\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLink to The Torretta Flyer newsletter index: \u003cextref href=\"http://www.484th.org/Torretta%20Flyer/Torretta%20Flyer.htm\"\u003ehttp://www.484th.org/Torretta%20Flyer/Torretta%20Flyer.htm\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSource:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\"484th Bombardment Group (H).\" www.484th.org. Accessed June 8, 2018. http://www.484th.org/.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eNote written by Dick Olson, 484th Bombardment Group Association Historian\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Constituted as 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) on September 14, 1943, the group officially activated on September 20th. Trained for combat with B-24 Liberator heavy bombers, the group transferred to Torretto Airfield in Italy during March and April 1944. Torretta airfield (also known as Cerignola #3) served as a semi-permanent heavy bomber airfield located approximately 14km (9 miles) southwest of Cerignola in Apulia, Italy.  This airbase would eventually form part of the Foggia Airfield Complex.  Assigned to Fifteenth Air Force, the group was redesignated the 484th Bombardment Group (Pathfinder) in May 1944 but did not perform pathfinder functions. Again, redesignated 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) in November 1944, the group operated primarily as a strategic bombardment organization through to April 1945.\n The group attacked targets such as oil refineries, oil storage plants, aircraft factories, heavy industry, and communications in Italy, France, Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Rumania, and Yugoslavia. On June 13, 1944, a heavy smoke screen prevented the group from bombing marshaling yards at Munich. In spite of severe damage from German flak and fighters, and despite heavy gunfire encountered at the alternate target, the group bombed marshaling yards at Innsbruck and received a Distinguished Unit Citation (DUC) for its persistent action. The group received a second DUC for performance on August 22, 1944, when, unescorted, the organization fought its way through an intense opposition to attack underground oil storage installations in Vienna. In addition to strategic missions, the 484th supported the allied ground drive toward Rome by bombing bridges, supply dumps, viaducts, and marshaling yards from April to June 1944. Furthermore, the group ferried gasoline and oil to Allied forces in southern France during September 1944 and supported the final advance through northern Italy.  Moved to Casablanca in May 1945, the group was assigned to Air Transport Command and subsequently deactivated in French Morocco on July 25, 1945. Squadrons assigned to the group included the 824th, 825th, 826th, and 827th. Stations assigned for the group during the war included Harvard AAF,  Nebraska from September 20, 1943, to March 2, 1944; Torretta AAF, Italy from April 1944-May 1945; and Casablanca, French Morocco, from May 25 to July 25, 1945. The assigned commanders included Colonel William B Keese from October 1943 to April 1945 and Lieutenant Colonel Chester C. Busch from April 1945 to deactivation","History of  The Torretta Flyer  newsletter:","Bud Markel wrote the history of the 484th Bomb Group and preserved it in  The Torretta Flyer.  He and his wife Bea organized the first reunion of the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups in May of 1981.  In December of 1981, the 461st and 484th Bomb Groups Association were incorporated in the state of California as a non-profit corporation. Starting with a newsletter bulletin to keep early members up to date on the fledgling organization, the name  The Torretta Flyer  was first applied to newsletter number 4. In 1992 the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups formed their own separate associations. Bud was the president of the 484th BG Association and the editor of  The Torretta Flyer  until the association was disbanded in 2001.  An excellent writer, photographer, aviation historian, and organizer, Bud published  The Torretta Flyer  twice yearly for 20 years.  With the help of Bea, he also organized and hosted annual reunions for the association.  The Torretta Flyer  evolved from a mimeographed newsletter into a fine glossy magazine filled with photographs, data compiled from official sources, letters and stories written by members, and scholarly contributions from writers in the historical aviation field.  When the 484th BG Association was disbanded, Bud and Bea donated 50 1200 page bound two-volume sets of  The Torretta Flyer  to various libraries and museums around the country.  Bud Markel flew 35 combat missions as a B-24 engineer between January and May of 1945.  He was employed as an A\u0026P mechanic for United Airlines in Los Angeles from 1948 until retirement.  He was especially proud of the 484th BG Association scholarship fund which was originally conceived as a living memorial to the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups.  Through this fund, the association donated $53,000 to deserving high school students from the area around Cerignola, Italy.  The Torretta Flyer  is copyright © 484th Bomb Group Association","Link to The Torretta Flyer newsletter index:  http://www.484th.org/Torretta%20Flyer/Torretta%20Flyer.htm","Source:","\"484th Bombardment Group (H).\" www.484th.org. Accessed June 8, 2018. http://www.484th.org/.","Note written by Dick Olson, 484th Bombardment Group Association Historian"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], 484th Bombardment Group Association papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_02_0047\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_02_0047\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], 484th Bombardment Group Association papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_02_0047 ."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLink to official website of the 484th Bombardment Group Association:\u0026#xA0; \u003cextref href=\"http://www.484th.org/\"\u003ehttp://www.484th.org/\u003c/extref\u003e. This website is also included in an \u003cextref href=\"https://archive-it.org/collections/10115\"\u003eInternet Archive web collection\u003c/extref\u003e for the World War II Archives. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Internet Archive collection includes the website for the 461st Bombardment Group (H).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials - Related Publications"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Link to official website of the 484th Bombardment Group Association:   http://www.484th.org/ . This website is also included in an  Internet Archive web collection  for the World War II Archives. ","The Internet Archive collection includes the website for the 461st Bombardment Group (H)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to the 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) that was assigned to the 15th Air Force and based in Torretta, Italy as a component of the Foggia Airfield Complex during World War II and assigned B-24 Liberator heavy bombers.\u0026#xA0; The materials contained in this collection were subsequently assembled during the post-war period by the 484th Bombardment Group Association.\u0026#xA0; The collection contains official reports, data sheets, statistics, newspapers, Missing Air Crew Reports, personal histories, photographs, and unit histories.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to the 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) that was assigned to the 15th Air Force and based in Torretta, Italy as a component of the Foggia Airfield Complex during World War II and assigned B-24 Liberator heavy bombers.  The materials contained in this collection were subsequently assembled during the post-war period by the 484th Bombardment Group Association.  The collection contains official reports, data sheets, statistics, newspapers, Missing Air Crew Reports, personal histories, photographs, and unit histories."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_dc95db454fe0ad060bd914009fe90431\"\u003eClaude Pepper Library\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Claude Pepper Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association","United States. Army Air Forces, Bombardment Group (H), 484th"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","484th Bombardment Group Association","United States. Army Air Forces, Bombardment Group (H), 484th"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","484th Bombardment Group Association","United States. Army Air Forces, Bombardment Group (H), 484th"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":315,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537","timestamp":"2026-07-10T05:44:27.461Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537","title_filing_ssi":"484th Bombardment Group Association papers","title_ssm":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers"],"title_tesim":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers"],"ead_ssi":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537","unitdate_ssm":["1939-1998"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1939-1998"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["02.0047","/repositories/10/resources/197"],"text":["02.0047","/repositories/10/resources/197","484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998","Foggia (Italy)","B-24 (Bomber)","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Yugoslavia","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","This collection is open to all researchers.","Constituted as 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) on September 14, 1943, the group officially activated on September 20th. Trained for combat with B-24 Liberator heavy bombers, the group transferred to Torretto Airfield in Italy during March and April 1944. Torretta airfield (also known as Cerignola #3) served as a semi-permanent heavy bomber airfield located approximately 14km (9 miles) southwest of Cerignola in Apulia, Italy.  This airbase would eventually form part of the Foggia Airfield Complex.  Assigned to Fifteenth Air Force, the group was redesignated the 484th Bombardment Group (Pathfinder) in May 1944 but did not perform pathfinder functions. Again, redesignated 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) in November 1944, the group operated primarily as a strategic bombardment organization through to April 1945.\n The group attacked targets such as oil refineries, oil storage plants, aircraft factories, heavy industry, and communications in Italy, France, Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Rumania, and Yugoslavia. On June 13, 1944, a heavy smoke screen prevented the group from bombing marshaling yards at Munich. In spite of severe damage from German flak and fighters, and despite heavy gunfire encountered at the alternate target, the group bombed marshaling yards at Innsbruck and received a Distinguished Unit Citation (DUC) for its persistent action. The group received a second DUC for performance on August 22, 1944, when, unescorted, the organization fought its way through an intense opposition to attack underground oil storage installations in Vienna. In addition to strategic missions, the 484th supported the allied ground drive toward Rome by bombing bridges, supply dumps, viaducts, and marshaling yards from April to June 1944. Furthermore, the group ferried gasoline and oil to Allied forces in southern France during September 1944 and supported the final advance through northern Italy.  Moved to Casablanca in May 1945, the group was assigned to Air Transport Command and subsequently deactivated in French Morocco on July 25, 1945. Squadrons assigned to the group included the 824th, 825th, 826th, and 827th. Stations assigned for the group during the war included Harvard AAF,  Nebraska from September 20, 1943, to March 2, 1944; Torretta AAF, Italy from April 1944-May 1945; and Casablanca, French Morocco, from May 25 to July 25, 1945. The assigned commanders included Colonel William B Keese from October 1943 to April 1945 and Lieutenant Colonel Chester C. Busch from April 1945 to deactivation","History of  The Torretta Flyer  newsletter:","Bud Markel wrote the history of the 484th Bomb Group and preserved it in  The Torretta Flyer.  He and his wife Bea organized the first reunion of the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups in May of 1981.  In December of 1981, the 461st and 484th Bomb Groups Association were incorporated in the state of California as a non-profit corporation. Starting with a newsletter bulletin to keep early members up to date on the fledgling organization, the name  The Torretta Flyer  was first applied to newsletter number 4. In 1992 the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups formed their own separate associations. Bud was the president of the 484th BG Association and the editor of  The Torretta Flyer  until the association was disbanded in 2001.  An excellent writer, photographer, aviation historian, and organizer, Bud published  The Torretta Flyer  twice yearly for 20 years.  With the help of Bea, he also organized and hosted annual reunions for the association.  The Torretta Flyer  evolved from a mimeographed newsletter into a fine glossy magazine filled with photographs, data compiled from official sources, letters and stories written by members, and scholarly contributions from writers in the historical aviation field.  When the 484th BG Association was disbanded, Bud and Bea donated 50 1200 page bound two-volume sets of  The Torretta Flyer  to various libraries and museums around the country.  Bud Markel flew 35 combat missions as a B-24 engineer between January and May of 1945.  He was employed as an A\u0026P mechanic for United Airlines in Los Angeles from 1948 until retirement.  He was especially proud of the 484th BG Association scholarship fund which was originally conceived as a living memorial to the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups.  Through this fund, the association donated $53,000 to deserving high school students from the area around Cerignola, Italy.  The Torretta Flyer  is copyright © 484th Bomb Group Association","Link to The Torretta Flyer newsletter index:  http://www.484th.org/Torretta%20Flyer/Torretta%20Flyer.htm","Source:","\"484th Bombardment Group (H).\" www.484th.org. Accessed June 8, 2018. http://www.484th.org/.","Note written by Dick Olson, 484th Bombardment Group Association Historian","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","Link to official website of the 484th Bombardment Group Association:   http://www.484th.org/ . This website is also included in an  Internet Archive web collection  for the World War II Archives. ","The Internet Archive collection includes the website for the 461st Bombardment Group (H).","This collection relates to the 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) that was assigned to the 15th Air Force and based in Torretta, Italy as a component of the Foggia Airfield Complex during World War II and assigned B-24 Liberator heavy bombers.  The materials contained in this collection were subsequently assembled during the post-war period by the 484th Bombardment Group Association.  The collection contains official reports, data sheets, statistics, newspapers, Missing Air Crew Reports, personal histories, photographs, and unit histories.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","Claude Pepper Library","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","484th Bombardment Group Association","United States. Army Air Forces, Bombardment Group (H), 484th","English"],"unitid_tesim":["02.0047","/repositories/10/resources/197"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1939-1998"],"normalized_title_ssm":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"collection_title_tesim":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"collection_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Foggia (Italy)"],"geogname_ssim":["Foggia (Italy)"],"creator_ssm":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"creator_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"creators_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"places_ssim":["Foggia (Italy)"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"access_subjects_ssim":["B-24 (Bomber)","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Yugoslavia","World War, 1939-1945--Austria"],"access_subjects_ssm":["B-24 (Bomber)","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Yugoslavia","World War, 1939-1945--Austria"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["17 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["17 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConstituted as 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) on September 14, 1943, the group officially activated on September 20th. Trained for combat with B-24 Liberator heavy bombers, the group transferred to Torretto Airfield in Italy during March and April 1944. Torretta airfield (also known as Cerignola #3) served as a semi-permanent heavy bomber airfield located approximately 14km (9 miles) southwest of Cerignola in Apulia, Italy.\u0026#xA0; This airbase would eventually form part of the Foggia Airfield Complex.\u0026#xA0; Assigned to Fifteenth Air Force, the group was redesignated the 484th Bombardment Group (Pathfinder) in May 1944 but did not perform pathfinder functions. Again, redesignated 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) in November 1944, the group operated primarily as a strategic bombardment organization through to April 1945.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe group attacked targets such as oil refineries, oil storage plants, aircraft factories, heavy industry, and communications in Italy, France, Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Rumania, and Yugoslavia. On June 13, 1944, a heavy smoke screen prevented the group from bombing marshaling yards at Munich. In spite of severe damage from German flak and fighters, and despite heavy gunfire encountered at the alternate target, the group bombed marshaling yards at Innsbruck and received a Distinguished Unit Citation (DUC) for its persistent action. The group received a second DUC for performance on August 22, 1944, when, unescorted, the organization fought its way through an intense opposition to attack underground oil storage installations in Vienna. In addition to strategic missions, the 484th supported the allied ground drive toward Rome by bombing bridges, supply dumps, viaducts, and marshaling yards from April to June 1944. Furthermore, the group ferried gasoline and oil to Allied forces in southern France during September 1944 and supported the final advance through northern Italy.\u0026#xA0; Moved to Casablanca in May 1945, the group was assigned to Air Transport Command and subsequently deactivated in French Morocco on July 25, 1945. Squadrons assigned to the group included the 824th, 825th, 826th, and 827th. Stations assigned for the group during the war included Harvard AAF,\u0026#xA0; Nebraska from September 20, 1943, to March 2, 1944; Torretta AAF, Italy from April 1944-May 1945; and Casablanca, French Morocco, from May 25 to July 25, 1945. The assigned commanders included Colonel William B Keese from October 1943 to April 1945 and Lieutenant Colonel Chester C. Busch from April 1945 to deactivation\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eHistory of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e newsletter:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBud Markel wrote the history of the 484th Bomb Group and preserved it in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer.\u003c/emph\u003e He and his wife Bea organized the first reunion of the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups in May of 1981.\u0026#xA0; In December of 1981, the 461st and 484th Bomb Groups Association were incorporated in the state of California as a non-profit corporation. Starting with a newsletter bulletin to keep early members up to date on the fledgling organization, the name \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e was first applied to newsletter number 4. In 1992 the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups formed their own separate associations. Bud was the president of the 484th BG Association and the editor of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e until the association was disbanded in 2001.\u0026#xA0; An excellent writer, photographer, aviation historian, and organizer, Bud published \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e twice yearly for 20 years.\u0026#xA0; With the help of Bea, he also organized and hosted annual reunions for the association. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e evolved from a mimeographed newsletter into a fine glossy magazine filled with photographs, data compiled from official sources, letters and stories written by members, and scholarly contributions from writers in the historical aviation field.\u0026#xA0; When the 484th BG Association was disbanded, Bud and Bea donated 50 1200 page bound two-volume sets of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e to various libraries and museums around the country.\u0026#xA0; Bud Markel flew 35 combat missions as a B-24 engineer between January and May of 1945.\u0026#xA0; He was employed as an A\u0026amp;P mechanic for United Airlines in Los Angeles from 1948 until retirement.\u0026#xA0; He was especially proud of the 484th BG Association scholarship fund which was originally conceived as a living memorial to the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups.\u0026#xA0; Through this fund, the association donated $53,000 to deserving high school students from the area around Cerignola, Italy. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e is copyright \u0026#xA9; 484th Bomb Group Association\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLink to The Torretta Flyer newsletter index: \u003cextref href=\"http://www.484th.org/Torretta%20Flyer/Torretta%20Flyer.htm\"\u003ehttp://www.484th.org/Torretta%20Flyer/Torretta%20Flyer.htm\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSource:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\"484th Bombardment Group (H).\" www.484th.org. Accessed June 8, 2018. http://www.484th.org/.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eNote written by Dick Olson, 484th Bombardment Group Association Historian\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Constituted as 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) on September 14, 1943, the group officially activated on September 20th. Trained for combat with B-24 Liberator heavy bombers, the group transferred to Torretto Airfield in Italy during March and April 1944. Torretta airfield (also known as Cerignola #3) served as a semi-permanent heavy bomber airfield located approximately 14km (9 miles) southwest of Cerignola in Apulia, Italy.  This airbase would eventually form part of the Foggia Airfield Complex.  Assigned to Fifteenth Air Force, the group was redesignated the 484th Bombardment Group (Pathfinder) in May 1944 but did not perform pathfinder functions. Again, redesignated 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) in November 1944, the group operated primarily as a strategic bombardment organization through to April 1945.\n The group attacked targets such as oil refineries, oil storage plants, aircraft factories, heavy industry, and communications in Italy, France, Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Rumania, and Yugoslavia. On June 13, 1944, a heavy smoke screen prevented the group from bombing marshaling yards at Munich. In spite of severe damage from German flak and fighters, and despite heavy gunfire encountered at the alternate target, the group bombed marshaling yards at Innsbruck and received a Distinguished Unit Citation (DUC) for its persistent action. The group received a second DUC for performance on August 22, 1944, when, unescorted, the organization fought its way through an intense opposition to attack underground oil storage installations in Vienna. In addition to strategic missions, the 484th supported the allied ground drive toward Rome by bombing bridges, supply dumps, viaducts, and marshaling yards from April to June 1944. Furthermore, the group ferried gasoline and oil to Allied forces in southern France during September 1944 and supported the final advance through northern Italy.  Moved to Casablanca in May 1945, the group was assigned to Air Transport Command and subsequently deactivated in French Morocco on July 25, 1945. Squadrons assigned to the group included the 824th, 825th, 826th, and 827th. Stations assigned for the group during the war included Harvard AAF,  Nebraska from September 20, 1943, to March 2, 1944; Torretta AAF, Italy from April 1944-May 1945; and Casablanca, French Morocco, from May 25 to July 25, 1945. The assigned commanders included Colonel William B Keese from October 1943 to April 1945 and Lieutenant Colonel Chester C. Busch from April 1945 to deactivation","History of  The Torretta Flyer  newsletter:","Bud Markel wrote the history of the 484th Bomb Group and preserved it in  The Torretta Flyer.  He and his wife Bea organized the first reunion of the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups in May of 1981.  In December of 1981, the 461st and 484th Bomb Groups Association were incorporated in the state of California as a non-profit corporation. Starting with a newsletter bulletin to keep early members up to date on the fledgling organization, the name  The Torretta Flyer  was first applied to newsletter number 4. In 1992 the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups formed their own separate associations. Bud was the president of the 484th BG Association and the editor of  The Torretta Flyer  until the association was disbanded in 2001.  An excellent writer, photographer, aviation historian, and organizer, Bud published  The Torretta Flyer  twice yearly for 20 years.  With the help of Bea, he also organized and hosted annual reunions for the association.  The Torretta Flyer  evolved from a mimeographed newsletter into a fine glossy magazine filled with photographs, data compiled from official sources, letters and stories written by members, and scholarly contributions from writers in the historical aviation field.  When the 484th BG Association was disbanded, Bud and Bea donated 50 1200 page bound two-volume sets of  The Torretta Flyer  to various libraries and museums around the country.  Bud Markel flew 35 combat missions as a B-24 engineer between January and May of 1945.  He was employed as an A\u0026P mechanic for United Airlines in Los Angeles from 1948 until retirement.  He was especially proud of the 484th BG Association scholarship fund which was originally conceived as a living memorial to the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups.  Through this fund, the association donated $53,000 to deserving high school students from the area around Cerignola, Italy.  The Torretta Flyer  is copyright © 484th Bomb Group Association","Link to The Torretta Flyer newsletter index:  http://www.484th.org/Torretta%20Flyer/Torretta%20Flyer.htm","Source:","\"484th Bombardment Group (H).\" www.484th.org. Accessed June 8, 2018. http://www.484th.org/.","Note written by Dick Olson, 484th Bombardment Group Association Historian"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], 484th Bombardment Group Association papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_02_0047\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_02_0047\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], 484th Bombardment Group Association papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_02_0047 ."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLink to official website of the 484th Bombardment Group Association:\u0026#xA0; \u003cextref href=\"http://www.484th.org/\"\u003ehttp://www.484th.org/\u003c/extref\u003e. This website is also included in an \u003cextref href=\"https://archive-it.org/collections/10115\"\u003eInternet Archive web collection\u003c/extref\u003e for the World War II Archives. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Internet Archive collection includes the website for the 461st Bombardment Group (H).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials - Related Publications"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Link to official website of the 484th Bombardment Group Association:   http://www.484th.org/ . This website is also included in an  Internet Archive web collection  for the World War II Archives. ","The Internet Archive collection includes the website for the 461st Bombardment Group (H)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to the 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) that was assigned to the 15th Air Force and based in Torretta, Italy as a component of the Foggia Airfield Complex during World War II and assigned B-24 Liberator heavy bombers.\u0026#xA0; The materials contained in this collection were subsequently assembled during the post-war period by the 484th Bombardment Group Association.\u0026#xA0; The collection contains official reports, data sheets, statistics, newspapers, Missing Air Crew Reports, personal histories, photographs, and unit histories.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to the 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) that was assigned to the 15th Air Force and based in Torretta, Italy as a component of the Foggia Airfield Complex during World War II and assigned B-24 Liberator heavy bombers.  The materials contained in this collection were subsequently assembled during the post-war period by the 484th Bombardment Group Association.  The collection contains official reports, data sheets, statistics, newspapers, Missing Air Crew Reports, personal histories, photographs, and unit histories."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_dc95db454fe0ad060bd914009fe90431\"\u003eClaude Pepper Library\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Claude Pepper Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association","United States. Army Air Forces, Bombardment Group (H), 484th"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","484th Bombardment Group Association","United States. Army Air Forces, Bombardment Group (H), 484th"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","484th Bombardment Group Association","United States. 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Ettinger papers, 1962-2015","Other Organizations, 1971–1998","League of Women Voters, 1987–1992","/repositories/4/archival_objects/91896","box 12","folder 9"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["dd1185e4a432441cb5a55467","dd1185e4a432441cb5a55467_aspace_54d2048274b19f829776c927de6e47c8","dd1185e4a432441cb5a55467_aspace_bed786a28fd19683b216b27d47e18272"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Beatrice B. Ettinger papers, 1962-2015","Other Organizations, 1971–1998","League of Women Voters, 1987–1992"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Beatrice B. Ettinger papers, 1962-2015","Other Organizations, 1971–1998","League of Women Voters, 1987–1992"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/4/archival_objects/91896"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Beatrice B. 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Ettinger papers"],"ead_ssi":"dd1185e4a432441cb5a55467","unitdate_ssm":["1962-2015"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1962-2015"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC37","/repositories/4/resources/38"],"text":["SC37","/repositories/4/resources/38","Beatrice B. Ettinger papers, 1962-2015","Adult Education of Women","Women -- Education","Hotels","Equal Rights Amendments","Feminism -- United States","Feminism","International Women's Decade, 1976-1985","International Women's Year, 1975","Women's rights -- United States","Feminism and education","Equal Rights Amendments -- United States","photographs","scrapbooks","The entire collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into three series by topic, then arranged alphabetically within each series.","Beatrice \"Bea\" Bornstein Ettinger was born in Paterson, New Jersey, on June 21, 1917. In 1932, she moved to Orlando, Florida with her parents at age 15. She graduated from the University of Miami and the University of Miami Law School. Ettinger was active in a variety of organizations, serving as Vice President of the Florida League of Women Voters, Director of Region IV of the National Displaced Homemaker Network, and Secretary of Learning Institute for Elders. Ettinger was instrumental in establishing the Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women. Her achievements were honored by the local community as Orlando's Outstanding Woman of the Year in 1977, Woman of Achievement in 1979 and Community Leader of the Year in 1981. She was nominated for the Florida Women's Hall of Fame in 1982 and 1984. \n \nIn 1966, a group of women met to start the Council for Continuing Education for Women in Orlando, an organization that offered educational and career opportunities for women. It was run by volunteers until 1974, when it cooperated with the Valencia Community College to establish the Center for Continuing Education for Women. The Center created and sponsored programs on a variety of topics designed to assist women who wanted to further their education and possibly return to the workforce. Ettinger was president of the Council and directed the Center until 1986, when Connie Fisher became Director. In 1991, the Council moved from Valencia Community College and entered into a new agreement with the University of Central Florida, where it continued with its work in association with the Women's Studies Program. Ettinger passed away in 2015.","Collection processed by Judith Beale; finding aid prepared by Judith Beale. Duplications were removed, news clippings were photocopied onto acid free paper and the materials were rehoused. Rehoused and additional materials processed by Ava Botwin in 2026.","Similar materials may be found in the  Phyllis J. Hudson Papers  and the  Lynda Van Scoyoc Papers .","Series I: Council for Continuing Education for Women, 1964-1997 is the largest series and fully documents the Council's activities and that of the Center that it sponsored. Its programs included Displaced Homemaker, Florida Women in Agriculture and Women in Citrus. The Center received awards from Walt Disney World in 1975, 1979, 1981, 1984 and 1986 when it received the \"Spirit of Epcot\" Award. Financial Aid for Career Training Inc. worked with the Center and provided loans for women to improve their skills so that they could return to the work force.","\nSeries II: Other Organizations, 1971-1988 holds materials concerning various other organizations in which Ettinger had an interest. Most of these organizations concern women and education, such as, the Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women. However, political and community organizations, such as, the League of Women Voters and the Jewish Community Center are also represented here.","\nSeries III: Personal, 1969-1994 contains documents of a more personal nature and includes Ettinger's date book, certificates, the documents prepared for her nomination to the Florida Women's Hall of Fame and information about her relationship with Valencia Community College.","Series IV: Additional Materials, 1962-2015, contains additional papers and photographs relating to Ettinger's personal achievements and involvement in various Florida organizations.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder","The Beatrice B. Ettinger papers contain correspondence, leaflets, posters, minutes and reports that show women's position in society in the 1970s and 1980s. Continuing Education is the focus of these papers since Ettinger accumulated many of the materials between 1970 and 1992 when she was President of the Council for Continuing Education for Women. This organization established a Center that was based first at Valencia Community College and later at the University of Central Florida. Ettinger also collected documents concerning other organizations in which she was interested that fostered women's intellectual and political growth, such as, the Central Florida Women's Resource Center Inc. and the League of Women Voters. Additional materials provide some personal information about Mrs. Ettinger.","UCF Special Collections","Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women","Central Florida Women's Resource Center","Council for Continuing Education for Women of Central Florida","Florida League of Women Voters","Valencia Community College","Center for Women's Medicine at Florida Hospital","University of Central Florida","Ettinger, Beatrice B., 1917-2015","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC37","/repositories/4/resources/38"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1962-2015"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Beatrice B. Ettinger papers, 1962-2015"],"collection_title_tesim":["Beatrice B. Ettinger papers, 1962-2015"],"collection_ssim":["Beatrice B. 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Additional materials gifted by Marilyn Crotty, Bea's daughter, in 2026 (CFM2026_04)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Adult Education of Women","Women -- Education","Hotels","Equal Rights Amendments","Feminism -- United States","Feminism","International Women's Decade, 1976-1985","International Women's Year, 1975","Women's rights -- United States","Feminism and education","Equal Rights Amendments -- United States","photographs","scrapbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Adult Education of Women","Women -- Education","Hotels","Equal Rights Amendments","Feminism -- United States","Feminism","International Women's Decade, 1976-1985","International Women's Year, 1975","Women's rights -- United States","Feminism and education","Equal Rights Amendments -- United States","photographs","scrapbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["10.2 Linear Feet 17 boxes, 5 flat files"],"extent_tesim":["10.2 Linear Feet 17 boxes, 5 flat files"],"genreform_ssim":["photographs","scrapbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into three series by topic, then arranged alphabetically within each series.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into three series by topic, then arranged alphabetically within each series."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBeatrice \"Bea\" Bornstein Ettinger was born in Paterson, New Jersey, on June 21, 1917. In 1932, she moved to Orlando, Florida with her parents at age 15. She graduated from the University of Miami and the University of Miami Law School. Ettinger was active in a variety of organizations, serving as Vice President of the Florida League of Women Voters, Director of Region IV of the National Displaced Homemaker Network, and Secretary of Learning Institute for Elders. Ettinger was instrumental in establishing the Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women. Her achievements were honored by the local community as Orlando's Outstanding Woman of the Year in 1977, Woman of Achievement in 1979 and Community Leader of the Year in 1981. She was nominated for the Florida Women's Hall of Fame in 1982 and 1984. \n \nIn 1966, a group of women met to start the Council for Continuing Education for Women in Orlando, an organization that offered educational and career opportunities for women. It was run by volunteers until 1974, when it cooperated with the Valencia Community College to establish the Center for Continuing Education for Women. The Center created and sponsored programs on a variety of topics designed to assist women who wanted to further their education and possibly return to the workforce. Ettinger was president of the Council and directed the Center until 1986, when Connie Fisher became Director. In 1991, the Council moved from Valencia Community College and entered into a new agreement with the University of Central Florida, where it continued with its work in association with the Women's Studies Program. Ettinger passed away in 2015.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Beatrice \"Bea\" Bornstein Ettinger was born in Paterson, New Jersey, on June 21, 1917. In 1932, she moved to Orlando, Florida with her parents at age 15. She graduated from the University of Miami and the University of Miami Law School. Ettinger was active in a variety of organizations, serving as Vice President of the Florida League of Women Voters, Director of Region IV of the National Displaced Homemaker Network, and Secretary of Learning Institute for Elders. Ettinger was instrumental in establishing the Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women. Her achievements were honored by the local community as Orlando's Outstanding Woman of the Year in 1977, Woman of Achievement in 1979 and Community Leader of the Year in 1981. She was nominated for the Florida Women's Hall of Fame in 1982 and 1984. \n \nIn 1966, a group of women met to start the Council for Continuing Education for Women in Orlando, an organization that offered educational and career opportunities for women. It was run by volunteers until 1974, when it cooperated with the Valencia Community College to establish the Center for Continuing Education for Women. The Center created and sponsored programs on a variety of topics designed to assist women who wanted to further their education and possibly return to the workforce. Ettinger was president of the Council and directed the Center until 1986, when Connie Fisher became Director. In 1991, the Council moved from Valencia Community College and entered into a new agreement with the University of Central Florida, where it continued with its work in association with the Women's Studies Program. Ettinger passed away in 2015."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Beatrice B. Ettinger Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Beatrice B. Ettinger Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection processed by Judith Beale; finding aid prepared by Judith Beale. Duplications were removed, news clippings were photocopied onto acid free paper and the materials were rehoused. Rehoused and additional materials processed by Ava Botwin in 2026.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Collection processed by Judith Beale; finding aid prepared by Judith Beale. Duplications were removed, news clippings were photocopied onto acid free paper and the materials were rehoused. Rehoused and additional materials processed by Ava Botwin in 2026."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSimilar materials may be found in the \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2005-02\"\u003ePhyllis J. Hudson Papers\u003c/extref\u003e and the \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2005-15\"\u003eLynda Van Scoyoc Papers\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Similar materials may be found in the  Phyllis J. Hudson Papers  and the  Lynda Van Scoyoc Papers ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Council for Continuing Education for Women, 1964-1997 is the largest series and fully documents the Council's activities and that of the Center that it sponsored. Its programs included Displaced Homemaker, Florida Women in Agriculture and Women in Citrus. The Center received awards from Walt Disney World in 1975, 1979, 1981, 1984 and 1986 when it received the \"Spirit of Epcot\" Award. Financial Aid for Career Training Inc. worked with the Center and provided loans for women to improve their skills so that they could return to the work force.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Other Organizations, 1971-1988 holds materials concerning various other organizations in which Ettinger had an interest. Most of these organizations concern women and education, such as, the Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women. However, political and community organizations, such as, the League of Women Voters and the Jewish Community Center are also represented here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Personal, 1969-1994 contains documents of a more personal nature and includes Ettinger's date book, certificates, the documents prepared for her nomination to the Florida Women's Hall of Fame and information about her relationship with Valencia Community College.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV: Additional Materials, 1962-2015, contains additional papers and photographs relating to Ettinger's personal achievements and involvement in various Florida organizations.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series I: Council for Continuing Education for Women, 1964-1997 is the largest series and fully documents the Council's activities and that of the Center that it sponsored. Its programs included Displaced Homemaker, Florida Women in Agriculture and Women in Citrus. The Center received awards from Walt Disney World in 1975, 1979, 1981, 1984 and 1986 when it received the \"Spirit of Epcot\" Award. Financial Aid for Career Training Inc. worked with the Center and provided loans for women to improve their skills so that they could return to the work force.","\nSeries II: Other Organizations, 1971-1988 holds materials concerning various other organizations in which Ettinger had an interest. Most of these organizations concern women and education, such as, the Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women. However, political and community organizations, such as, the League of Women Voters and the Jewish Community Center are also represented here.","\nSeries III: Personal, 1969-1994 contains documents of a more personal nature and includes Ettinger's date book, certificates, the documents prepared for her nomination to the Florida Women's Hall of Fame and information about her relationship with Valencia Community College.","Series IV: Additional Materials, 1962-2015, contains additional papers and photographs relating to Ettinger's personal achievements and involvement in various Florida organizations."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Copyright Statement"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a2224d4bedac95e53f407a622a6fe541\"\u003eThe Beatrice B. Ettinger papers contain correspondence, leaflets, posters, minutes and reports that show women's position in society in the 1970s and 1980s. Continuing Education is the focus of these papers since Ettinger accumulated many of the materials between 1970 and 1992 when she was President of the Council for Continuing Education for Women. This organization established a Center that was based first at Valencia Community College and later at the University of Central Florida. Ettinger also collected documents concerning other organizations in which she was interested that fostered women's intellectual and political growth, such as, the Central Florida Women's Resource Center Inc. and the League of Women Voters. Additional materials provide some personal information about Mrs. Ettinger.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Beatrice B. Ettinger papers contain correspondence, leaflets, posters, minutes and reports that show women's position in society in the 1970s and 1980s. Continuing Education is the focus of these papers since Ettinger accumulated many of the materials between 1970 and 1992 when she was President of the Council for Continuing Education for Women. This organization established a Center that was based first at Valencia Community College and later at the University of Central Florida. Ettinger also collected documents concerning other organizations in which she was interested that fostered women's intellectual and political growth, such as, the Central Florida Women's Resource Center Inc. and the League of Women Voters. Additional materials provide some personal information about Mrs. Ettinger."],"names_coll_ssim":["Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women","Central Florida Women's Resource Center","Council for Continuing Education for Women of Central Florida","Florida League of Women Voters","Valencia Community College","Center for Women's Medicine at Florida Hospital","University of Central Florida","Ettinger, Beatrice B., 1917-2015"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women","Central Florida Women's Resource Center","Council for Continuing Education for Women of Central Florida","Florida League of Women Voters","Valencia Community College","Center for Women's Medicine at Florida Hospital","University of Central Florida","Ettinger, Beatrice B., 1917-2015"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women","Central Florida Women's Resource Center","Council for Continuing Education for Women of Central Florida","Florida League of Women Voters","Valencia Community College","Center for Women's Medicine at Florida Hospital","University of Central Florida"],"persname_ssim":["Ettinger, Beatrice B., 1917-2015"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":200,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1874753310664163328,"_root_":"dd1185e4a432441cb5a55467","timestamp":"2026-08-28T08:01:21.975Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/dd1185e4a432441cb5a55467_aspace_2d33dc524f500efa6ea5c5f8edda10b9"}},{"id":"dd1185e4a432441cb5a55467_aspace_be4dd6063dccefca338f3329f1041093","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"50th Anniversary and Citizens Participation Conference, 1989–1990","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/dd1185e4a432441cb5a55467_aspace_be4dd6063dccefca338f3329f1041093#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_be4dd6063dccefca338f3329f1041093","ref_ssm":["aspace_be4dd6063dccefca338f3329f1041093","aspace_be4dd6063dccefca338f3329f1041093"],"id":"dd1185e4a432441cb5a55467_aspace_be4dd6063dccefca338f3329f1041093","title_filing_ssi":"50th Anniversary and Citizens Participation Conference","title_ssm":["50th Anniversary and Citizens Participation Conference"],"title_tesim":["50th Anniversary and Citizens Participation Conference"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1989–1990"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1989–1990"],"normalized_title_ssm":["50th Anniversary and Citizens Participation Conference, 1989–1990"],"text":["50th Anniversary and Citizens Participation Conference, 1989–1990","Beatrice B. 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She graduated from the University of Miami and the University of Miami Law School. Ettinger was active in a variety of organizations, serving as Vice President of the Florida League of Women Voters, Director of Region IV of the National Displaced Homemaker Network, and Secretary of Learning Institute for Elders. Ettinger was instrumental in establishing the Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women. Her achievements were honored by the local community as Orlando's Outstanding Woman of the Year in 1977, Woman of Achievement in 1979 and Community Leader of the Year in 1981. She was nominated for the Florida Women's Hall of Fame in 1982 and 1984. \n \nIn 1966, a group of women met to start the Council for Continuing Education for Women in Orlando, an organization that offered educational and career opportunities for women. It was run by volunteers until 1974, when it cooperated with the Valencia Community College to establish the Center for Continuing Education for Women. The Center created and sponsored programs on a variety of topics designed to assist women who wanted to further their education and possibly return to the workforce. Ettinger was president of the Council and directed the Center until 1986, when Connie Fisher became Director. In 1991, the Council moved from Valencia Community College and entered into a new agreement with the University of Central Florida, where it continued with its work in association with the Women's Studies Program. Ettinger passed away in 2015.","Collection processed by Judith Beale; finding aid prepared by Judith Beale. Duplications were removed, news clippings were photocopied onto acid free paper and the materials were rehoused. Rehoused and additional materials processed by Ava Botwin in 2026.","Similar materials may be found in the  Phyllis J. Hudson Papers  and the  Lynda Van Scoyoc Papers .","Series I: Council for Continuing Education for Women, 1964-1997 is the largest series and fully documents the Council's activities and that of the Center that it sponsored. Its programs included Displaced Homemaker, Florida Women in Agriculture and Women in Citrus. The Center received awards from Walt Disney World in 1975, 1979, 1981, 1984 and 1986 when it received the \"Spirit of Epcot\" Award. Financial Aid for Career Training Inc. worked with the Center and provided loans for women to improve their skills so that they could return to the work force.","\nSeries II: Other Organizations, 1971-1988 holds materials concerning various other organizations in which Ettinger had an interest. Most of these organizations concern women and education, such as, the Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women. However, political and community organizations, such as, the League of Women Voters and the Jewish Community Center are also represented here.","\nSeries III: Personal, 1969-1994 contains documents of a more personal nature and includes Ettinger's date book, certificates, the documents prepared for her nomination to the Florida Women's Hall of Fame and information about her relationship with Valencia Community College.","Series IV: Additional Materials, 1962-2015, contains additional papers and photographs relating to Ettinger's personal achievements and involvement in various Florida organizations.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder","The Beatrice B. Ettinger papers contain correspondence, leaflets, posters, minutes and reports that show women's position in society in the 1970s and 1980s. Continuing Education is the focus of these papers since Ettinger accumulated many of the materials between 1970 and 1992 when she was President of the Council for Continuing Education for Women. This organization established a Center that was based first at Valencia Community College and later at the University of Central Florida. Ettinger also collected documents concerning other organizations in which she was interested that fostered women's intellectual and political growth, such as, the Central Florida Women's Resource Center Inc. and the League of Women Voters. Additional materials provide some personal information about Mrs. Ettinger.","UCF Special Collections","Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women","Central Florida Women's Resource Center","Council for Continuing Education for Women of Central Florida","Florida League of Women Voters","Valencia Community College","Center for Women's Medicine at Florida Hospital","University of Central Florida","Ettinger, Beatrice B., 1917-2015","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC37","/repositories/4/resources/38"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1962-2015"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Beatrice B. Ettinger papers, 1962-2015"],"collection_title_tesim":["Beatrice B. Ettinger papers, 1962-2015"],"collection_ssim":["Beatrice B. Ettinger papers, 1962-2015"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Ettinger, Beatrice B., 1917-2015"],"creator_ssim":["Ettinger, Beatrice B., 1917-2015"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Ettinger, Beatrice B., 1917-2015"],"creators_ssim":["Ettinger, Beatrice B., 1917-2015"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Beatrice B. Ettinger donated these materials to the University of Central Florida Libraries Special Collections Department in 2002 (CFM2002_02). Additional materials gifted by Marilyn Crotty, Bea's daughter, in 2026 (CFM2026_04)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Adult Education of Women","Women -- Education","Hotels","Equal Rights Amendments","Feminism -- United States","Feminism","International Women's Decade, 1976-1985","International Women's Year, 1975","Women's rights -- United States","Feminism and education","Equal Rights Amendments -- United States","photographs","scrapbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Adult Education of Women","Women -- Education","Hotels","Equal Rights Amendments","Feminism -- United States","Feminism","International Women's Decade, 1976-1985","International Women's Year, 1975","Women's rights -- United States","Feminism and education","Equal Rights Amendments -- United States","photographs","scrapbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["10.2 Linear Feet 17 boxes, 5 flat files"],"extent_tesim":["10.2 Linear Feet 17 boxes, 5 flat files"],"genreform_ssim":["photographs","scrapbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into three series by topic, then arranged alphabetically within each series.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into three series by topic, then arranged alphabetically within each series."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBeatrice \"Bea\" Bornstein Ettinger was born in Paterson, New Jersey, on June 21, 1917. In 1932, she moved to Orlando, Florida with her parents at age 15. She graduated from the University of Miami and the University of Miami Law School. Ettinger was active in a variety of organizations, serving as Vice President of the Florida League of Women Voters, Director of Region IV of the National Displaced Homemaker Network, and Secretary of Learning Institute for Elders. Ettinger was instrumental in establishing the Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women. Her achievements were honored by the local community as Orlando's Outstanding Woman of the Year in 1977, Woman of Achievement in 1979 and Community Leader of the Year in 1981. She was nominated for the Florida Women's Hall of Fame in 1982 and 1984. \n \nIn 1966, a group of women met to start the Council for Continuing Education for Women in Orlando, an organization that offered educational and career opportunities for women. It was run by volunteers until 1974, when it cooperated with the Valencia Community College to establish the Center for Continuing Education for Women. The Center created and sponsored programs on a variety of topics designed to assist women who wanted to further their education and possibly return to the workforce. Ettinger was president of the Council and directed the Center until 1986, when Connie Fisher became Director. In 1991, the Council moved from Valencia Community College and entered into a new agreement with the University of Central Florida, where it continued with its work in association with the Women's Studies Program. Ettinger passed away in 2015.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Beatrice \"Bea\" Bornstein Ettinger was born in Paterson, New Jersey, on June 21, 1917. In 1932, she moved to Orlando, Florida with her parents at age 15. She graduated from the University of Miami and the University of Miami Law School. Ettinger was active in a variety of organizations, serving as Vice President of the Florida League of Women Voters, Director of Region IV of the National Displaced Homemaker Network, and Secretary of Learning Institute for Elders. Ettinger was instrumental in establishing the Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women. Her achievements were honored by the local community as Orlando's Outstanding Woman of the Year in 1977, Woman of Achievement in 1979 and Community Leader of the Year in 1981. She was nominated for the Florida Women's Hall of Fame in 1982 and 1984. \n \nIn 1966, a group of women met to start the Council for Continuing Education for Women in Orlando, an organization that offered educational and career opportunities for women. It was run by volunteers until 1974, when it cooperated with the Valencia Community College to establish the Center for Continuing Education for Women. The Center created and sponsored programs on a variety of topics designed to assist women who wanted to further their education and possibly return to the workforce. Ettinger was president of the Council and directed the Center until 1986, when Connie Fisher became Director. In 1991, the Council moved from Valencia Community College and entered into a new agreement with the University of Central Florida, where it continued with its work in association with the Women's Studies Program. Ettinger passed away in 2015."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Beatrice B. Ettinger Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Beatrice B. Ettinger Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection processed by Judith Beale; finding aid prepared by Judith Beale. Duplications were removed, news clippings were photocopied onto acid free paper and the materials were rehoused. Rehoused and additional materials processed by Ava Botwin in 2026.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Collection processed by Judith Beale; finding aid prepared by Judith Beale. Duplications were removed, news clippings were photocopied onto acid free paper and the materials were rehoused. Rehoused and additional materials processed by Ava Botwin in 2026."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSimilar materials may be found in the \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2005-02\"\u003ePhyllis J. Hudson Papers\u003c/extref\u003e and the \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2005-15\"\u003eLynda Van Scoyoc Papers\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Similar materials may be found in the  Phyllis J. Hudson Papers  and the  Lynda Van Scoyoc Papers ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Council for Continuing Education for Women, 1964-1997 is the largest series and fully documents the Council's activities and that of the Center that it sponsored. Its programs included Displaced Homemaker, Florida Women in Agriculture and Women in Citrus. The Center received awards from Walt Disney World in 1975, 1979, 1981, 1984 and 1986 when it received the \"Spirit of Epcot\" Award. Financial Aid for Career Training Inc. worked with the Center and provided loans for women to improve their skills so that they could return to the work force.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Other Organizations, 1971-1988 holds materials concerning various other organizations in which Ettinger had an interest. Most of these organizations concern women and education, such as, the Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women. However, political and community organizations, such as, the League of Women Voters and the Jewish Community Center are also represented here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Personal, 1969-1994 contains documents of a more personal nature and includes Ettinger's date book, certificates, the documents prepared for her nomination to the Florida Women's Hall of Fame and information about her relationship with Valencia Community College.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV: Additional Materials, 1962-2015, contains additional papers and photographs relating to Ettinger's personal achievements and involvement in various Florida organizations.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series I: Council for Continuing Education for Women, 1964-1997 is the largest series and fully documents the Council's activities and that of the Center that it sponsored. Its programs included Displaced Homemaker, Florida Women in Agriculture and Women in Citrus. The Center received awards from Walt Disney World in 1975, 1979, 1981, 1984 and 1986 when it received the \"Spirit of Epcot\" Award. Financial Aid for Career Training Inc. worked with the Center and provided loans for women to improve their skills so that they could return to the work force.","\nSeries II: Other Organizations, 1971-1988 holds materials concerning various other organizations in which Ettinger had an interest. Most of these organizations concern women and education, such as, the Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women. However, political and community organizations, such as, the League of Women Voters and the Jewish Community Center are also represented here.","\nSeries III: Personal, 1969-1994 contains documents of a more personal nature and includes Ettinger's date book, certificates, the documents prepared for her nomination to the Florida Women's Hall of Fame and information about her relationship with Valencia Community College.","Series IV: Additional Materials, 1962-2015, contains additional papers and photographs relating to Ettinger's personal achievements and involvement in various Florida organizations."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Copyright Statement"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a2224d4bedac95e53f407a622a6fe541\"\u003eThe Beatrice B. Ettinger papers contain correspondence, leaflets, posters, minutes and reports that show women's position in society in the 1970s and 1980s. Continuing Education is the focus of these papers since Ettinger accumulated many of the materials between 1970 and 1992 when she was President of the Council for Continuing Education for Women. This organization established a Center that was based first at Valencia Community College and later at the University of Central Florida. Ettinger also collected documents concerning other organizations in which she was interested that fostered women's intellectual and political growth, such as, the Central Florida Women's Resource Center Inc. and the League of Women Voters. Additional materials provide some personal information about Mrs. Ettinger.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Beatrice B. Ettinger papers contain correspondence, leaflets, posters, minutes and reports that show women's position in society in the 1970s and 1980s. Continuing Education is the focus of these papers since Ettinger accumulated many of the materials between 1970 and 1992 when she was President of the Council for Continuing Education for Women. This organization established a Center that was based first at Valencia Community College and later at the University of Central Florida. Ettinger also collected documents concerning other organizations in which she was interested that fostered women's intellectual and political growth, such as, the Central Florida Women's Resource Center Inc. and the League of Women Voters. Additional materials provide some personal information about Mrs. Ettinger."],"names_coll_ssim":["Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women","Central Florida Women's Resource Center","Council for Continuing Education for Women of Central Florida","Florida League of Women Voters","Valencia Community College","Center for Women's Medicine at Florida Hospital","University of Central Florida","Ettinger, Beatrice B., 1917-2015"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women","Central Florida Women's Resource Center","Council for Continuing Education for Women of Central Florida","Florida League of Women Voters","Valencia Community College","Center for Women's Medicine at Florida Hospital","University of Central Florida","Ettinger, Beatrice B., 1917-2015"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women","Central Florida Women's Resource Center","Council for Continuing Education for Women of Central Florida","Florida League of Women Voters","Valencia Community College","Center for Women's Medicine at Florida Hospital","University of Central Florida"],"persname_ssim":["Ettinger, Beatrice B., 1917-2015"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":200,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1874753310664163328,"_root_":"dd1185e4a432441cb5a55467","timestamp":"2026-08-28T08:01:21.975Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/dd1185e4a432441cb5a55467_aspace_be4dd6063dccefca338f3329f1041093"}},{"id":"71b8a757b0f138dee122db24_aspace_1eea0daf73bfe7a5c07fc1898fc16116","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"53rd year, # 3, 4, 1, 2, 7, 6a, 6b, 1988-1989","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/71b8a757b0f138dee122db24_aspace_1eea0daf73bfe7a5c07fc1898fc16116#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_1eea0daf73bfe7a5c07fc1898fc16116","ref_ssm":["aspace_1eea0daf73bfe7a5c07fc1898fc16116","aspace_1eea0daf73bfe7a5c07fc1898fc16116"],"id":"71b8a757b0f138dee122db24_aspace_1eea0daf73bfe7a5c07fc1898fc16116","title_filing_ssi":"53rd year, # 3, 4, 1, 2, 7, 6a, 6b","title_ssm":["53rd year, # 3, 4, 1, 2, 7, 6a, 6b"],"title_tesim":["53rd year, # 3, 4, 1, 2, 7, 6a, 6b"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1988-1989"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1988-1989"],"normalized_title_ssm":["53rd year, # 3, 4, 1, 2, 7, 6a, 6b, 1988-1989"],"text":["53rd year, # 3, 4, 1, 2, 7, 6a, 6b, 1988-1989","Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010","Bulletins","State Bulletins","/repositories/2/archival_objects/38719","box 6","folder 2"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["71b8a757b0f138dee122db24","71b8a757b0f138dee122db24_aspace_b4b97215712bf23eb440a9556e731f9a","71b8a757b0f138dee122db24_aspace_ecd34b1c0f836fabfbd1ffbd37054406"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010","Bulletins","State Bulletins"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010","Bulletins","State Bulletins"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/2/archival_objects/38719"],"repository_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":47,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to\nunprocessed born digital materials."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish materials from the Florida Bandmasters Association Records must be obtained from the Florida Bandmasters Association. Please inquire with the College Archivist if you have questions 863-616-6487"],"date_range_isim":[1988,1989],"containers_ssim":["box 6","folder 2"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#44","_nest_parent_":"71b8a757b0f138dee122db24_aspace_ecd34b1c0f836fabfbd1ffbd37054406","_root_":"71b8a757b0f138dee122db24","_version_":1877102187519148032,"timestamp":"2026-09-23T06:15:45.471Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"71b8a757b0f138dee122db24","title_ssm":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records"],"title_tesim":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records"],"ead_ssi":"71b8a757b0f138dee122db24","unitdate_ssm":["1936-2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1936-2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS1000","/repositories/2/resources/26"],"text":["MS1000","/repositories/2/resources/26","Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010","Florida Bandmaster Association","School bands--Florida--History","Music contests--Florida","Photographs--United States","Correspondence","Photographs","This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to\nunprocessed born digital materials.","The Florida Bandmasters Association (FBA) has guided the musical development of generations of Florida's high school students since 1936. Formed by a few visionary high school band directors from across Florida, the FBA sought to promote interest in high school bands and band contests during an era where few schools had bands but interest was growing, and to strengthen the professional standing of the state's band directors. The FBA sponsored a\nsingle State Festival for several years. In the late 1940's, the Festival became large enough that the state was divided into six geographical Districts, and District Contests were devised to serve as qualifiers for bands attending the State Contest. Since then, additional growth resulted in 10\nDistricts, then to 14, then to 15 in 1982, to 17 in 1987, and to 19 in 1995. There is still 19 districts.\nThroughout the years, the FBA has managed state- and district-level band festivals, clinics, and other events, ensuring that music remained in the public school curriculum and maintaining high musical standards for students. In 1966, the FBA completed an amicable merger with the Florida Association of Bandmasters, the equivalent organization for African-American schools\nprior to integration. The FABD had formed in 1941with Leander Kirksey as the first president. He was followed by George H. Hill (1955-1960) and James W. Wilson (1960-1966). Wilson later served as president of the FBA from 1974-1975. Early organizers and leaders of the FBA include some giants in the school band field, including first president Major Ed Chenette, P.J. Gustat, Browne Greaton Cole, and John J. Heney. For a complete list of presidents visit https://fba.flmusiced.org/about/history. FBA eventually became a component organization of the Florida Music Education Association.\nIn addition, the FBA had a relationship with the Florida High School Activities Association, from whom the FBA, and their associated events, received funding. John Joseph Heney, Sr. (1903-1978) was a percussionist, music educator, and historian. He played with numerous bands throughout his career, most notably the John Phillip Sousa Band during its final six years. In addition to playing professionally, Heney taught at numerous schools in the Florida area, including Ketterlinus High School, Stetson University, and DeLand High School, where he stayed for thirty-two years. He was a founder of the FBA and instrumental in starting the archives. For more information, please visit: http://www.pas.org/docs/defaultsource/SoundEnhancedPdfs/the-life-and-music-of-john-joseph-heney.pdf?sfvrsn=2","This collection documents the functions and activities of the Florida Bandmasters Association. Included are governance-related materials such as constitutions and bylaws, as well as informational bulletins; financial records; minutes of state, district, and committee meetings; and\ncorrespondence to and from Association leadership. Of note for genealogists are annual membership directories and membership applications from the 1940 into the 1960s that include a resume and photograph of each applicant. The collection also includes detailed records of band contests and festivals, with records pertaining to the administrative and logistical efforts as\nwell as results. Other documentary forms found in the collection are a small number of musical scores and cassette tapes of performances.","The records have been arranged in eight series, six of which have been further arranged in subseries.","Series 1: Bulletins, 1941-2010. Nine feet two inches or 22 boxes. Bulletins includes both State (1941-2010) and District (1946-1995) arranged separately and chronologically. The content of the bulletins changed slightly over the years, and may contain general information for the membership, meeting times, meeting agendas or minutes, and contest results. Some issues are missing.","Series 2: Constitutions, Bylaws, Handbooks, Manuals, \u0026 Proclamations, 1939-2010. 20 inches or 4 boxes. Arranged by year. Copies of the current constitution or by-law were often printed in an annual handbook.\nSeries 3: Contests and other events, 1936-1996. Twenty feet 5 inches or 49 boxes. Arranged in five subseries – Contests (1936-1996), Adjudication (1962-1992), Clinics (1943-1993), Music Lists (1954-1994), and Music Scores, n.d. Each subseries is arranged chronologically. Records include documents relating to events sponsored or managed by FBA, including district and state contests/festivals, the All-Star Marching Band, and All-State competitions.","Series 4: Correspondence, 1927-1994. Twelve feet, one inch or twenty-nine boxes. This series was maintained in original order (as found in 2018) which included materials by Correspondent (1927-1994), and more routine Business Correspondence by year (1948-1993). It contains a variety of letters from FBA presidents, executive secretaries, and other related people or organizations about finances, meetings, activities, events, and association history.\nSeries 5, Financial Records, 1939-2008. Two feet, eleven inches or seven boxes, arranged by year. Documents include ledgers, reports, and budgets at the state and district levels. Financial information can also be found in Bulletins and Minutes.","Series 6, Meetings, 1938-2009. Eight feet, nine inches or twenty-one boxes, arranged in four subseries and then chronologically. State and district meetings were held by officers and reflect decisions made for the group. State Minutes, 1938-1993 and District Minutes, 1945-2009 sometimes include agendas, but they typically describe the events of the meeting and may include a list of attendees, a statement of the issues considered by the participants, and related responses or decisions for the issues. The Committees, 1950-1993 minutes, arranged alphabetically by committee name are not a complete record of all committees. Some minutes were never filed with the main office. Some minutes of the committees are recorded in the bulletins. Decisions made at the business meeting attended by the general membership are found within the Summer Conventions, 1968-1993.","Series 7, Membership, 1949-2000. Three feet, ten inches or nine boxes. The Membership Applications, 1949-1985 from the earlier years often include a photograph and resume-like information. Directories, 1946-2000 are the compilation of information into a published booklet. The News includes some obituaries and newspaper clipping of some members.","Series 8, Related Materials, 1940-1974, n.d. Twenty inches, or five boxes. This last series includes materials by and about John J. Heney, Sr. Heney was a member of the Sousa Band Fraternal Society. Several boxes of materials reflect his involvement with the John Philip Sousa Band, and his interest in preserving Sousa's memory after the band leader's death. The Photographs include mostly albums of marching bands, but also of some band directors.","Permission to publish materials from the Florida Bandmasters Association Records must be obtained from the Florida Bandmasters Association. Please inquire with the College Archivist if you have questions 863-616-6487","The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections","Florida Bandmaster Association","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS1000","/repositories/2/resources/26"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1936-2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010"],"collection_title_tesim":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010"],"collection_ssim":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010"],"repository_ssm":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"repository_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Florida Bandmaster Association"],"creator_ssim":["Florida Bandmaster Association"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Florida Bandmaster Association"],"creators_ssim":["Florida Bandmaster Association"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish materials from the Florida Bandmasters Association Records must be obtained from the Florida Bandmasters Association. Please inquire with the College Archivist if you have questions 863-616-6487"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Beginning in 1967, John J. Heney took on the role of FBA archivist and began to assemble what records he could collect from former FBA presidents, executive director Robert Lampi, and individual bandmasters. Heney made arrangements with the University of Florida to store the records, which he delivered in several installments through 1978. In 1988, because of a connection between an FBA member and Florida Southern College, the collection was returned to the FBA and moved to FSC."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Florida Bandmaster Association","School bands--Florida--History","Music contests--Florida","Photographs--United States","Correspondence","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Florida Bandmaster Association","School bands--Florida--History","Music contests--Florida","Photographs--United States","Correspondence","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["60.5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["60.5 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to\nunprocessed born digital materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to\nunprocessed born digital materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Florida Bandmasters Association (FBA) has guided the musical development of generations of Florida's high school students since 1936. Formed by a few visionary high school band directors from across Florida, the FBA sought to promote interest in high school bands and band contests during an era where few schools had bands but interest was growing, and to strengthen the professional standing of the state's band directors. The FBA sponsored a\nsingle State Festival for several years. In the late 1940's, the Festival became large enough that the state was divided into six geographical Districts, and District Contests were devised to serve as qualifiers for bands attending the State Contest. Since then, additional growth resulted in 10\nDistricts, then to 14, then to 15 in 1982, to 17 in 1987, and to 19 in 1995. There is still 19 districts.\nThroughout the years, the FBA has managed state- and district-level band festivals, clinics, and other events, ensuring that music remained in the public school curriculum and maintaining high musical standards for students. In 1966, the FBA completed an amicable merger with the Florida Association of Bandmasters, the equivalent organization for African-American schools\nprior to integration. The FABD had formed in 1941with Leander Kirksey as the first president. He was followed by George H. Hill (1955-1960) and James W. Wilson (1960-1966). Wilson later served as president of the FBA from 1974-1975. Early organizers and leaders of the FBA include some giants in the school band field, including first president Major Ed Chenette, P.J. Gustat, Browne Greaton Cole, and John J. Heney. For a complete list of presidents visit https://fba.flmusiced.org/about/history. FBA eventually became a component organization of the Florida Music Education Association.\nIn addition, the FBA had a relationship with the Florida High School Activities Association, from whom the FBA, and their associated events, received funding. John Joseph Heney, Sr. (1903-1978) was a percussionist, music educator, and historian. He played with numerous bands throughout his career, most notably the John Phillip Sousa Band during its final six years. In addition to playing professionally, Heney taught at numerous schools in the Florida area, including Ketterlinus High School, Stetson University, and DeLand High School, where he stayed for thirty-two years. He was a founder of the FBA and instrumental in starting the archives. For more information, please visit: http://www.pas.org/docs/defaultsource/SoundEnhancedPdfs/the-life-and-music-of-john-joseph-heney.pdf?sfvrsn=2\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Florida Bandmasters Association (FBA) has guided the musical development of generations of Florida's high school students since 1936. Formed by a few visionary high school band directors from across Florida, the FBA sought to promote interest in high school bands and band contests during an era where few schools had bands but interest was growing, and to strengthen the professional standing of the state's band directors. The FBA sponsored a\nsingle State Festival for several years. In the late 1940's, the Festival became large enough that the state was divided into six geographical Districts, and District Contests were devised to serve as qualifiers for bands attending the State Contest. Since then, additional growth resulted in 10\nDistricts, then to 14, then to 15 in 1982, to 17 in 1987, and to 19 in 1995. There is still 19 districts.\nThroughout the years, the FBA has managed state- and district-level band festivals, clinics, and other events, ensuring that music remained in the public school curriculum and maintaining high musical standards for students. In 1966, the FBA completed an amicable merger with the Florida Association of Bandmasters, the equivalent organization for African-American schools\nprior to integration. The FABD had formed in 1941with Leander Kirksey as the first president. He was followed by George H. Hill (1955-1960) and James W. Wilson (1960-1966). Wilson later served as president of the FBA from 1974-1975. Early organizers and leaders of the FBA include some giants in the school band field, including first president Major Ed Chenette, P.J. Gustat, Browne Greaton Cole, and John J. Heney. For a complete list of presidents visit https://fba.flmusiced.org/about/history. FBA eventually became a component organization of the Florida Music Education Association.\nIn addition, the FBA had a relationship with the Florida High School Activities Association, from whom the FBA, and their associated events, received funding. John Joseph Heney, Sr. (1903-1978) was a percussionist, music educator, and historian. He played with numerous bands throughout his career, most notably the John Phillip Sousa Band during its final six years. In addition to playing professionally, Heney taught at numerous schools in the Florida area, including Ketterlinus High School, Stetson University, and DeLand High School, where he stayed for thirty-two years. He was a founder of the FBA and instrumental in starting the archives. For more information, please visit: http://www.pas.org/docs/defaultsource/SoundEnhancedPdfs/the-life-and-music-of-john-joseph-heney.pdf?sfvrsn=2"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the functions and activities of the Florida Bandmasters Association. Included are governance-related materials such as constitutions and bylaws, as well as informational bulletins; financial records; minutes of state, district, and committee meetings; and\ncorrespondence to and from Association leadership. Of note for genealogists are annual membership directories and membership applications from the 1940 into the 1960s that include a resume and photograph of each applicant. The collection also includes detailed records of band contests and festivals, with records pertaining to the administrative and logistical efforts as\nwell as results. Other documentary forms found in the collection are a small number of musical scores and cassette tapes of performances.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe records have been arranged in eight series, six of which have been further arranged in subseries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Bulletins, 1941-2010. Nine feet two inches or 22 boxes. Bulletins includes both State (1941-2010) and District (1946-1995) arranged separately and chronologically. The content of the bulletins changed slightly over the years, and may contain general information for the membership, meeting times, meeting agendas or minutes, and contest results. Some issues are missing.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Constitutions, Bylaws, Handbooks, Manuals, \u0026amp; Proclamations, 1939-2010. 20 inches or 4 boxes. Arranged by year. Copies of the current constitution or by-law were often printed in an annual handbook.\nSeries 3: Contests and other events, 1936-1996. Twenty feet 5 inches or 49 boxes. Arranged in five subseries \u0026#x2013; Contests (1936-1996), Adjudication (1962-1992), Clinics (1943-1993), Music Lists (1954-1994), and Music Scores, n.d. Each subseries is arranged chronologically. Records include documents relating to events sponsored or managed by FBA, including district and state contests/festivals, the All-Star Marching Band, and All-State competitions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Correspondence, 1927-1994. Twelve feet, one inch or twenty-nine boxes. This series was maintained in original order (as found in 2018) which included materials by Correspondent (1927-1994), and more routine Business Correspondence by year (1948-1993). It contains a variety of letters from FBA presidents, executive secretaries, and other related people or organizations about finances, meetings, activities, events, and association history.\nSeries 5, Financial Records, 1939-2008. Two feet, eleven inches or seven boxes, arranged by year. Documents include ledgers, reports, and budgets at the state and district levels. Financial information can also be found in Bulletins and Minutes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6, Meetings, 1938-2009. Eight feet, nine inches or twenty-one boxes, arranged in four subseries and then chronologically. State and district meetings were held by officers and reflect decisions made for the group. State Minutes, 1938-1993 and District Minutes, 1945-2009 sometimes include agendas, but they typically describe the events of the meeting and may include a list of attendees, a statement of the issues considered by the participants, and related responses or decisions for the issues. The Committees, 1950-1993 minutes, arranged alphabetically by committee name are not a complete record of all committees. Some minutes were never filed with the main office. Some minutes of the committees are recorded in the bulletins. Decisions made at the business meeting attended by the general membership are found within the Summer Conventions, 1968-1993.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7, Membership, 1949-2000. Three feet, ten inches or nine boxes. The Membership Applications, 1949-1985 from the earlier years often include a photograph and resume-like information. Directories, 1946-2000 are the compilation of information into a published booklet. The News includes some obituaries and newspaper clipping of some members.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8, Related Materials, 1940-1974, n.d. Twenty inches, or five boxes. This last series includes materials by and about John J. Heney, Sr. Heney was a member of the Sousa Band Fraternal Society. Several boxes of materials reflect his involvement with the John Philip Sousa Band, and his interest in preserving Sousa's memory after the band leader's death. The Photographs include mostly albums of marching bands, but also of some band directors.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents the functions and activities of the Florida Bandmasters Association. Included are governance-related materials such as constitutions and bylaws, as well as informational bulletins; financial records; minutes of state, district, and committee meetings; and\ncorrespondence to and from Association leadership. Of note for genealogists are annual membership directories and membership applications from the 1940 into the 1960s that include a resume and photograph of each applicant. The collection also includes detailed records of band contests and festivals, with records pertaining to the administrative and logistical efforts as\nwell as results. Other documentary forms found in the collection are a small number of musical scores and cassette tapes of performances.","The records have been arranged in eight series, six of which have been further arranged in subseries.","Series 1: Bulletins, 1941-2010. Nine feet two inches or 22 boxes. Bulletins includes both State (1941-2010) and District (1946-1995) arranged separately and chronologically. The content of the bulletins changed slightly over the years, and may contain general information for the membership, meeting times, meeting agendas or minutes, and contest results. Some issues are missing.","Series 2: Constitutions, Bylaws, Handbooks, Manuals, \u0026 Proclamations, 1939-2010. 20 inches or 4 boxes. Arranged by year. Copies of the current constitution or by-law were often printed in an annual handbook.\nSeries 3: Contests and other events, 1936-1996. Twenty feet 5 inches or 49 boxes. Arranged in five subseries – Contests (1936-1996), Adjudication (1962-1992), Clinics (1943-1993), Music Lists (1954-1994), and Music Scores, n.d. Each subseries is arranged chronologically. Records include documents relating to events sponsored or managed by FBA, including district and state contests/festivals, the All-Star Marching Band, and All-State competitions.","Series 4: Correspondence, 1927-1994. Twelve feet, one inch or twenty-nine boxes. This series was maintained in original order (as found in 2018) which included materials by Correspondent (1927-1994), and more routine Business Correspondence by year (1948-1993). It contains a variety of letters from FBA presidents, executive secretaries, and other related people or organizations about finances, meetings, activities, events, and association history.\nSeries 5, Financial Records, 1939-2008. Two feet, eleven inches or seven boxes, arranged by year. Documents include ledgers, reports, and budgets at the state and district levels. Financial information can also be found in Bulletins and Minutes.","Series 6, Meetings, 1938-2009. Eight feet, nine inches or twenty-one boxes, arranged in four subseries and then chronologically. State and district meetings were held by officers and reflect decisions made for the group. State Minutes, 1938-1993 and District Minutes, 1945-2009 sometimes include agendas, but they typically describe the events of the meeting and may include a list of attendees, a statement of the issues considered by the participants, and related responses or decisions for the issues. The Committees, 1950-1993 minutes, arranged alphabetically by committee name are not a complete record of all committees. Some minutes were never filed with the main office. Some minutes of the committees are recorded in the bulletins. Decisions made at the business meeting attended by the general membership are found within the Summer Conventions, 1968-1993.","Series 7, Membership, 1949-2000. Three feet, ten inches or nine boxes. The Membership Applications, 1949-1985 from the earlier years often include a photograph and resume-like information. Directories, 1946-2000 are the compilation of information into a published booklet. The News includes some obituaries and newspaper clipping of some members.","Series 8, Related Materials, 1940-1974, n.d. Twenty inches, or five boxes. This last series includes materials by and about John J. Heney, Sr. Heney was a member of the Sousa Band Fraternal Society. Several boxes of materials reflect his involvement with the John Philip Sousa Band, and his interest in preserving Sousa's memory after the band leader's death. The Photographs include mostly albums of marching bands, but also of some band directors."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish materials from the Florida Bandmasters Association Records must be obtained from the Florida Bandmasters Association. Please inquire with the College Archivist if you have questions 863-616-6487\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish materials from the Florida Bandmasters Association Records must be obtained from the Florida Bandmasters Association. Please inquire with the College Archivist if you have questions 863-616-6487"],"names_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections","Florida Bandmaster Association"],"corpname_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections","Florida Bandmaster Association"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2839,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1877102187519148032,"_root_":"71b8a757b0f138dee122db24","timestamp":"2026-09-23T06:15:45.471Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/71b8a757b0f138dee122db24_aspace_1eea0daf73bfe7a5c07fc1898fc16116"}},{"id":"71b8a757b0f138dee122db24_aspace_8447c9b4c2d17200f8dde46f7bf7b0c7","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"54th year, # 2, 7, 3, 4, 1, 8, 6, 1989-1990","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/71b8a757b0f138dee122db24_aspace_8447c9b4c2d17200f8dde46f7bf7b0c7#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_8447c9b4c2d17200f8dde46f7bf7b0c7","ref_ssm":["aspace_8447c9b4c2d17200f8dde46f7bf7b0c7","aspace_8447c9b4c2d17200f8dde46f7bf7b0c7"],"id":"71b8a757b0f138dee122db24_aspace_8447c9b4c2d17200f8dde46f7bf7b0c7","title_filing_ssi":"54th year, # 2, 7, 3, 4, 1, 8, 6","title_ssm":["54th year, # 2, 7, 3, 4, 1, 8, 6"],"title_tesim":["54th year, # 2, 7, 3, 4, 1, 8, 6"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1989-1990"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1989-1990"],"normalized_title_ssm":["54th year, # 2, 7, 3, 4, 1, 8, 6, 1989-1990"],"text":["54th year, # 2, 7, 3, 4, 1, 8, 6, 1989-1990","Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010","Bulletins","State Bulletins","/repositories/2/archival_objects/38720","box 6","folder 3"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["71b8a757b0f138dee122db24","71b8a757b0f138dee122db24_aspace_b4b97215712bf23eb440a9556e731f9a","71b8a757b0f138dee122db24_aspace_ecd34b1c0f836fabfbd1ffbd37054406"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010","Bulletins","State Bulletins"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010","Bulletins","State Bulletins"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/2/archival_objects/38720"],"repository_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":48,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to\nunprocessed born digital materials."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish materials from the Florida Bandmasters Association Records must be obtained from the Florida Bandmasters Association. Please inquire with the College Archivist if you have questions 863-616-6487"],"date_range_isim":[1989,1990],"containers_ssim":["box 6","folder 3"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#45","_nest_parent_":"71b8a757b0f138dee122db24_aspace_ecd34b1c0f836fabfbd1ffbd37054406","_root_":"71b8a757b0f138dee122db24","_version_":1877102187519148032,"timestamp":"2026-09-23T06:15:45.471Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"71b8a757b0f138dee122db24","title_ssm":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records"],"title_tesim":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records"],"ead_ssi":"71b8a757b0f138dee122db24","unitdate_ssm":["1936-2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1936-2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS1000","/repositories/2/resources/26"],"text":["MS1000","/repositories/2/resources/26","Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010","Florida Bandmaster Association","School bands--Florida--History","Music contests--Florida","Photographs--United States","Correspondence","Photographs","This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to\nunprocessed born digital materials.","The Florida Bandmasters Association (FBA) has guided the musical development of generations of Florida's high school students since 1936. Formed by a few visionary high school band directors from across Florida, the FBA sought to promote interest in high school bands and band contests during an era where few schools had bands but interest was growing, and to strengthen the professional standing of the state's band directors. The FBA sponsored a\nsingle State Festival for several years. In the late 1940's, the Festival became large enough that the state was divided into six geographical Districts, and District Contests were devised to serve as qualifiers for bands attending the State Contest. Since then, additional growth resulted in 10\nDistricts, then to 14, then to 15 in 1982, to 17 in 1987, and to 19 in 1995. There is still 19 districts.\nThroughout the years, the FBA has managed state- and district-level band festivals, clinics, and other events, ensuring that music remained in the public school curriculum and maintaining high musical standards for students. In 1966, the FBA completed an amicable merger with the Florida Association of Bandmasters, the equivalent organization for African-American schools\nprior to integration. The FABD had formed in 1941with Leander Kirksey as the first president. He was followed by George H. Hill (1955-1960) and James W. Wilson (1960-1966). Wilson later served as president of the FBA from 1974-1975. Early organizers and leaders of the FBA include some giants in the school band field, including first president Major Ed Chenette, P.J. Gustat, Browne Greaton Cole, and John J. Heney. For a complete list of presidents visit https://fba.flmusiced.org/about/history. FBA eventually became a component organization of the Florida Music Education Association.\nIn addition, the FBA had a relationship with the Florida High School Activities Association, from whom the FBA, and their associated events, received funding. John Joseph Heney, Sr. (1903-1978) was a percussionist, music educator, and historian. He played with numerous bands throughout his career, most notably the John Phillip Sousa Band during its final six years. In addition to playing professionally, Heney taught at numerous schools in the Florida area, including Ketterlinus High School, Stetson University, and DeLand High School, where he stayed for thirty-two years. He was a founder of the FBA and instrumental in starting the archives. For more information, please visit: http://www.pas.org/docs/defaultsource/SoundEnhancedPdfs/the-life-and-music-of-john-joseph-heney.pdf?sfvrsn=2","This collection documents the functions and activities of the Florida Bandmasters Association. Included are governance-related materials such as constitutions and bylaws, as well as informational bulletins; financial records; minutes of state, district, and committee meetings; and\ncorrespondence to and from Association leadership. Of note for genealogists are annual membership directories and membership applications from the 1940 into the 1960s that include a resume and photograph of each applicant. The collection also includes detailed records of band contests and festivals, with records pertaining to the administrative and logistical efforts as\nwell as results. Other documentary forms found in the collection are a small number of musical scores and cassette tapes of performances.","The records have been arranged in eight series, six of which have been further arranged in subseries.","Series 1: Bulletins, 1941-2010. Nine feet two inches or 22 boxes. Bulletins includes both State (1941-2010) and District (1946-1995) arranged separately and chronologically. The content of the bulletins changed slightly over the years, and may contain general information for the membership, meeting times, meeting agendas or minutes, and contest results. Some issues are missing.","Series 2: Constitutions, Bylaws, Handbooks, Manuals, \u0026 Proclamations, 1939-2010. 20 inches or 4 boxes. Arranged by year. Copies of the current constitution or by-law were often printed in an annual handbook.\nSeries 3: Contests and other events, 1936-1996. Twenty feet 5 inches or 49 boxes. Arranged in five subseries – Contests (1936-1996), Adjudication (1962-1992), Clinics (1943-1993), Music Lists (1954-1994), and Music Scores, n.d. Each subseries is arranged chronologically. Records include documents relating to events sponsored or managed by FBA, including district and state contests/festivals, the All-Star Marching Band, and All-State competitions.","Series 4: Correspondence, 1927-1994. Twelve feet, one inch or twenty-nine boxes. This series was maintained in original order (as found in 2018) which included materials by Correspondent (1927-1994), and more routine Business Correspondence by year (1948-1993). It contains a variety of letters from FBA presidents, executive secretaries, and other related people or organizations about finances, meetings, activities, events, and association history.\nSeries 5, Financial Records, 1939-2008. Two feet, eleven inches or seven boxes, arranged by year. Documents include ledgers, reports, and budgets at the state and district levels. Financial information can also be found in Bulletins and Minutes.","Series 6, Meetings, 1938-2009. Eight feet, nine inches or twenty-one boxes, arranged in four subseries and then chronologically. State and district meetings were held by officers and reflect decisions made for the group. State Minutes, 1938-1993 and District Minutes, 1945-2009 sometimes include agendas, but they typically describe the events of the meeting and may include a list of attendees, a statement of the issues considered by the participants, and related responses or decisions for the issues. The Committees, 1950-1993 minutes, arranged alphabetically by committee name are not a complete record of all committees. Some minutes were never filed with the main office. Some minutes of the committees are recorded in the bulletins. Decisions made at the business meeting attended by the general membership are found within the Summer Conventions, 1968-1993.","Series 7, Membership, 1949-2000. Three feet, ten inches or nine boxes. The Membership Applications, 1949-1985 from the earlier years often include a photograph and resume-like information. Directories, 1946-2000 are the compilation of information into a published booklet. The News includes some obituaries and newspaper clipping of some members.","Series 8, Related Materials, 1940-1974, n.d. Twenty inches, or five boxes. This last series includes materials by and about John J. Heney, Sr. Heney was a member of the Sousa Band Fraternal Society. Several boxes of materials reflect his involvement with the John Philip Sousa Band, and his interest in preserving Sousa's memory after the band leader's death. The Photographs include mostly albums of marching bands, but also of some band directors.","Permission to publish materials from the Florida Bandmasters Association Records must be obtained from the Florida Bandmasters Association. Please inquire with the College Archivist if you have questions 863-616-6487","The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections","Florida Bandmaster Association","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS1000","/repositories/2/resources/26"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1936-2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010"],"collection_title_tesim":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010"],"collection_ssim":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010"],"repository_ssm":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"repository_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Florida Bandmaster Association"],"creator_ssim":["Florida Bandmaster Association"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Florida Bandmaster Association"],"creators_ssim":["Florida Bandmaster Association"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish materials from the Florida Bandmasters Association Records must be obtained from the Florida Bandmasters Association. Please inquire with the College Archivist if you have questions 863-616-6487"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Beginning in 1967, John J. Heney took on the role of FBA archivist and began to assemble what records he could collect from former FBA presidents, executive director Robert Lampi, and individual bandmasters. Heney made arrangements with the University of Florida to store the records, which he delivered in several installments through 1978. In 1988, because of a connection between an FBA member and Florida Southern College, the collection was returned to the FBA and moved to FSC."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Florida Bandmaster Association","School bands--Florida--History","Music contests--Florida","Photographs--United States","Correspondence","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Florida Bandmaster Association","School bands--Florida--History","Music contests--Florida","Photographs--United States","Correspondence","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["60.5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["60.5 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to\nunprocessed born digital materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to\nunprocessed born digital materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Florida Bandmasters Association (FBA) has guided the musical development of generations of Florida's high school students since 1936. Formed by a few visionary high school band directors from across Florida, the FBA sought to promote interest in high school bands and band contests during an era where few schools had bands but interest was growing, and to strengthen the professional standing of the state's band directors. The FBA sponsored a\nsingle State Festival for several years. In the late 1940's, the Festival became large enough that the state was divided into six geographical Districts, and District Contests were devised to serve as qualifiers for bands attending the State Contest. Since then, additional growth resulted in 10\nDistricts, then to 14, then to 15 in 1982, to 17 in 1987, and to 19 in 1995. There is still 19 districts.\nThroughout the years, the FBA has managed state- and district-level band festivals, clinics, and other events, ensuring that music remained in the public school curriculum and maintaining high musical standards for students. In 1966, the FBA completed an amicable merger with the Florida Association of Bandmasters, the equivalent organization for African-American schools\nprior to integration. The FABD had formed in 1941with Leander Kirksey as the first president. He was followed by George H. Hill (1955-1960) and James W. Wilson (1960-1966). Wilson later served as president of the FBA from 1974-1975. Early organizers and leaders of the FBA include some giants in the school band field, including first president Major Ed Chenette, P.J. Gustat, Browne Greaton Cole, and John J. Heney. For a complete list of presidents visit https://fba.flmusiced.org/about/history. FBA eventually became a component organization of the Florida Music Education Association.\nIn addition, the FBA had a relationship with the Florida High School Activities Association, from whom the FBA, and their associated events, received funding. John Joseph Heney, Sr. (1903-1978) was a percussionist, music educator, and historian. He played with numerous bands throughout his career, most notably the John Phillip Sousa Band during its final six years. In addition to playing professionally, Heney taught at numerous schools in the Florida area, including Ketterlinus High School, Stetson University, and DeLand High School, where he stayed for thirty-two years. He was a founder of the FBA and instrumental in starting the archives. For more information, please visit: http://www.pas.org/docs/defaultsource/SoundEnhancedPdfs/the-life-and-music-of-john-joseph-heney.pdf?sfvrsn=2\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Florida Bandmasters Association (FBA) has guided the musical development of generations of Florida's high school students since 1936. Formed by a few visionary high school band directors from across Florida, the FBA sought to promote interest in high school bands and band contests during an era where few schools had bands but interest was growing, and to strengthen the professional standing of the state's band directors. The FBA sponsored a\nsingle State Festival for several years. In the late 1940's, the Festival became large enough that the state was divided into six geographical Districts, and District Contests were devised to serve as qualifiers for bands attending the State Contest. Since then, additional growth resulted in 10\nDistricts, then to 14, then to 15 in 1982, to 17 in 1987, and to 19 in 1995. There is still 19 districts.\nThroughout the years, the FBA has managed state- and district-level band festivals, clinics, and other events, ensuring that music remained in the public school curriculum and maintaining high musical standards for students. In 1966, the FBA completed an amicable merger with the Florida Association of Bandmasters, the equivalent organization for African-American schools\nprior to integration. The FABD had formed in 1941with Leander Kirksey as the first president. He was followed by George H. Hill (1955-1960) and James W. Wilson (1960-1966). Wilson later served as president of the FBA from 1974-1975. Early organizers and leaders of the FBA include some giants in the school band field, including first president Major Ed Chenette, P.J. Gustat, Browne Greaton Cole, and John J. Heney. For a complete list of presidents visit https://fba.flmusiced.org/about/history. FBA eventually became a component organization of the Florida Music Education Association.\nIn addition, the FBA had a relationship with the Florida High School Activities Association, from whom the FBA, and their associated events, received funding. John Joseph Heney, Sr. (1903-1978) was a percussionist, music educator, and historian. He played with numerous bands throughout his career, most notably the John Phillip Sousa Band during its final six years. In addition to playing professionally, Heney taught at numerous schools in the Florida area, including Ketterlinus High School, Stetson University, and DeLand High School, where he stayed for thirty-two years. He was a founder of the FBA and instrumental in starting the archives. For more information, please visit: http://www.pas.org/docs/defaultsource/SoundEnhancedPdfs/the-life-and-music-of-john-joseph-heney.pdf?sfvrsn=2"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the functions and activities of the Florida Bandmasters Association. Included are governance-related materials such as constitutions and bylaws, as well as informational bulletins; financial records; minutes of state, district, and committee meetings; and\ncorrespondence to and from Association leadership. Of note for genealogists are annual membership directories and membership applications from the 1940 into the 1960s that include a resume and photograph of each applicant. The collection also includes detailed records of band contests and festivals, with records pertaining to the administrative and logistical efforts as\nwell as results. Other documentary forms found in the collection are a small number of musical scores and cassette tapes of performances.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe records have been arranged in eight series, six of which have been further arranged in subseries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Bulletins, 1941-2010. Nine feet two inches or 22 boxes. Bulletins includes both State (1941-2010) and District (1946-1995) arranged separately and chronologically. The content of the bulletins changed slightly over the years, and may contain general information for the membership, meeting times, meeting agendas or minutes, and contest results. Some issues are missing.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Constitutions, Bylaws, Handbooks, Manuals, \u0026amp; Proclamations, 1939-2010. 20 inches or 4 boxes. Arranged by year. Copies of the current constitution or by-law were often printed in an annual handbook.\nSeries 3: Contests and other events, 1936-1996. Twenty feet 5 inches or 49 boxes. Arranged in five subseries \u0026#x2013; Contests (1936-1996), Adjudication (1962-1992), Clinics (1943-1993), Music Lists (1954-1994), and Music Scores, n.d. Each subseries is arranged chronologically. Records include documents relating to events sponsored or managed by FBA, including district and state contests/festivals, the All-Star Marching Band, and All-State competitions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Correspondence, 1927-1994. Twelve feet, one inch or twenty-nine boxes. This series was maintained in original order (as found in 2018) which included materials by Correspondent (1927-1994), and more routine Business Correspondence by year (1948-1993). It contains a variety of letters from FBA presidents, executive secretaries, and other related people or organizations about finances, meetings, activities, events, and association history.\nSeries 5, Financial Records, 1939-2008. Two feet, eleven inches or seven boxes, arranged by year. Documents include ledgers, reports, and budgets at the state and district levels. Financial information can also be found in Bulletins and Minutes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6, Meetings, 1938-2009. Eight feet, nine inches or twenty-one boxes, arranged in four subseries and then chronologically. State and district meetings were held by officers and reflect decisions made for the group. State Minutes, 1938-1993 and District Minutes, 1945-2009 sometimes include agendas, but they typically describe the events of the meeting and may include a list of attendees, a statement of the issues considered by the participants, and related responses or decisions for the issues. The Committees, 1950-1993 minutes, arranged alphabetically by committee name are not a complete record of all committees. Some minutes were never filed with the main office. Some minutes of the committees are recorded in the bulletins. Decisions made at the business meeting attended by the general membership are found within the Summer Conventions, 1968-1993.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7, Membership, 1949-2000. Three feet, ten inches or nine boxes. The Membership Applications, 1949-1985 from the earlier years often include a photograph and resume-like information. Directories, 1946-2000 are the compilation of information into a published booklet. The News includes some obituaries and newspaper clipping of some members.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8, Related Materials, 1940-1974, n.d. Twenty inches, or five boxes. This last series includes materials by and about John J. Heney, Sr. Heney was a member of the Sousa Band Fraternal Society. Several boxes of materials reflect his involvement with the John Philip Sousa Band, and his interest in preserving Sousa's memory after the band leader's death. The Photographs include mostly albums of marching bands, but also of some band directors.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents the functions and activities of the Florida Bandmasters Association. Included are governance-related materials such as constitutions and bylaws, as well as informational bulletins; financial records; minutes of state, district, and committee meetings; and\ncorrespondence to and from Association leadership. Of note for genealogists are annual membership directories and membership applications from the 1940 into the 1960s that include a resume and photograph of each applicant. The collection also includes detailed records of band contests and festivals, with records pertaining to the administrative and logistical efforts as\nwell as results. Other documentary forms found in the collection are a small number of musical scores and cassette tapes of performances.","The records have been arranged in eight series, six of which have been further arranged in subseries.","Series 1: Bulletins, 1941-2010. Nine feet two inches or 22 boxes. Bulletins includes both State (1941-2010) and District (1946-1995) arranged separately and chronologically. The content of the bulletins changed slightly over the years, and may contain general information for the membership, meeting times, meeting agendas or minutes, and contest results. Some issues are missing.","Series 2: Constitutions, Bylaws, Handbooks, Manuals, \u0026 Proclamations, 1939-2010. 20 inches or 4 boxes. Arranged by year. Copies of the current constitution or by-law were often printed in an annual handbook.\nSeries 3: Contests and other events, 1936-1996. Twenty feet 5 inches or 49 boxes. Arranged in five subseries – Contests (1936-1996), Adjudication (1962-1992), Clinics (1943-1993), Music Lists (1954-1994), and Music Scores, n.d. Each subseries is arranged chronologically. Records include documents relating to events sponsored or managed by FBA, including district and state contests/festivals, the All-Star Marching Band, and All-State competitions.","Series 4: Correspondence, 1927-1994. Twelve feet, one inch or twenty-nine boxes. This series was maintained in original order (as found in 2018) which included materials by Correspondent (1927-1994), and more routine Business Correspondence by year (1948-1993). It contains a variety of letters from FBA presidents, executive secretaries, and other related people or organizations about finances, meetings, activities, events, and association history.\nSeries 5, Financial Records, 1939-2008. Two feet, eleven inches or seven boxes, arranged by year. Documents include ledgers, reports, and budgets at the state and district levels. Financial information can also be found in Bulletins and Minutes.","Series 6, Meetings, 1938-2009. Eight feet, nine inches or twenty-one boxes, arranged in four subseries and then chronologically. State and district meetings were held by officers and reflect decisions made for the group. State Minutes, 1938-1993 and District Minutes, 1945-2009 sometimes include agendas, but they typically describe the events of the meeting and may include a list of attendees, a statement of the issues considered by the participants, and related responses or decisions for the issues. The Committees, 1950-1993 minutes, arranged alphabetically by committee name are not a complete record of all committees. Some minutes were never filed with the main office. Some minutes of the committees are recorded in the bulletins. Decisions made at the business meeting attended by the general membership are found within the Summer Conventions, 1968-1993.","Series 7, Membership, 1949-2000. Three feet, ten inches or nine boxes. The Membership Applications, 1949-1985 from the earlier years often include a photograph and resume-like information. Directories, 1946-2000 are the compilation of information into a published booklet. The News includes some obituaries and newspaper clipping of some members.","Series 8, Related Materials, 1940-1974, n.d. Twenty inches, or five boxes. This last series includes materials by and about John J. Heney, Sr. Heney was a member of the Sousa Band Fraternal Society. Several boxes of materials reflect his involvement with the John Philip Sousa Band, and his interest in preserving Sousa's memory after the band leader's death. The Photographs include mostly albums of marching bands, but also of some band directors."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish materials from the Florida Bandmasters Association Records must be obtained from the Florida Bandmasters Association. Please inquire with the College Archivist if you have questions 863-616-6487\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish materials from the Florida Bandmasters Association Records must be obtained from the Florida Bandmasters Association. Please inquire with the College Archivist if you have questions 863-616-6487"],"names_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections","Florida Bandmaster Association"],"corpname_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections","Florida Bandmaster Association"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2839,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1877102187519148032,"_root_":"71b8a757b0f138dee122db24","timestamp":"2026-09-23T06:15:45.471Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/71b8a757b0f138dee122db24_aspace_8447c9b4c2d17200f8dde46f7bf7b0c7"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"George L. Stuart, Jr. Collection, 1952-1991, bulk 1979-1990","value":"George L. 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