{"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1983\u0026page=283","prev":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1983\u0026page=282","next":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1983\u0026page=284","last":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1983\u0026page=605"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":283,"next_page":284,"prev_page":282,"total_pages":605,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":2820,"total_count":6046,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"0cf96e40c805041edb174096","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"J.L. 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Reed and Son photograph collection, 1938-2013","Funeral homes","Undertakers and undertaking","J.L. Reed and Son funeral home was a funeral home company active in Tampa, FL from 1898 to 1913. Joseph Lawrence Reed (d.1938) purchased the Lovengreen Funeral Home in 1897 and renamed it the JL Reed and Son Funeral Home. The funeral home remained in operation under succeeding generations of Reeds until 2013.","Contains photographs from the 1930s to 2013 covering the JL Reed and Son Funeral Home in Tampa. Photographs show scenes of the interior and exterior of the JR Reed and Son's Funeral Home along with the Marion Reed Funeral Home. Many of the photographs are reproductions of Burgert Brothers photographs while others are originals. Depending on the source, some of the photographs are in black and white while the others are in color.","None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright. 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Forts of Florida . S.l.: Florida Historical Research Foundation, 1978. Print.","Gray, J M.  Historical Site Mapping . Tallahassee: Florida Historical Research Foundation, 1978. Print","This collection contains the written works of J. Mason Gray along with a few documents relating to the Florida Historical Research Foundation. Also included in the collection are historic photographs of Tampa and Florida in general, negatives, postcards, other assorted images, manuscripts and ephemera of a varying nature.","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","A collection of personal documents, writings, photographs and negatives of J. Mason Gray, Florida Historical Site researcher.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Florida Historical Society","Gray, J. 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Also included in the collection are historic photographs of Tampa and Florida in general, negatives, postcards, other assorted images, manuscripts and ephemera of a varying nature.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the written works of J. Mason Gray along with a few documents relating to the Florida Historical Research Foundation. 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Also included in the collection are historic photographs of Tampa and Florida in general, negatives, postcards, other assorted images, manuscripts and ephemera of a varying nature.","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","A collection of personal documents, writings, photographs and negatives of J. Mason Gray, Florida Historical Site researcher.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Florida Historical Society","Gray, J. Mason","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-1993-03","/repositories/2/resources/524"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1972-1986, Date acquired: 00/00/1993"],"normalized_title_ssm":["J. Mason Gray papers, 1972-1986, Date acquired: 00/00/1993"],"collection_title_tesim":["J. Mason Gray papers, 1972-1986, Date acquired: 00/00/1993"],"collection_ssim":["J. 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Publications\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e4. Audio/Visual materials\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e5. Miscellaneous\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type:","1. Documents","2. Manuscripts","3. Publications","4. Audio/Visual materials","5. Miscellaneous"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Mason Gray was born on September 11, 1939 in Tampa, Florida.\u0026#xA0; A graduate in Business from University of South Florida, Gray would go on to become a leading historical researcher and writer specializing in forgotten military forts. He is the author of \"Historical Site Mapping,\" \"An Encyclopedia of Indian Artifact Identification,\" and \"Florida's Forgotten Forts.\" Gray was also a co-founder and executive director of Florida Historical Research Foundation, Inc.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehttp://www.ncgenweb.us/hoke/aussiejim.html\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Kevin Arms, 2013\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Mason Gray was born on September 11, 1939 in Tampa, Florida.  A graduate in Business from University of South Florida, Gray would go on to become a leading historical researcher and writer specializing in forgotten military forts. He is the author of \"Historical Site Mapping,\" \"An Encyclopedia of Indian Artifact Identification,\" and \"Florida's Forgotten Forts.\" Gray was also a co-founder and executive director of Florida Historical Research Foundation, Inc.","http://www.ncgenweb.us/hoke/aussiejim.html","Note written by Kevin Arms, 2013"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJ. Mason Gray Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["J. Mason Gray Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGray, J M. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFlorida Encyclopedia of Indian Artifact Identification\u003c/emph\u003e. S.l: s.n., 1988. Print.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGray, James M. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eForts of Florida\u003c/emph\u003e. S.l.: Florida Historical Research Foundation, 1978. Print.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGray, J M. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistorical Site Mapping\u003c/emph\u003e. Tallahassee: Florida Historical Research Foundation, 1978. Print\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Publications"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Gray, J M.  Florida Encyclopedia of Indian Artifact Identification . S.l: s.n., 1988. Print.","Gray, James M.  Forts of Florida . S.l.: Florida Historical Research Foundation, 1978. Print.","Gray, J M.  Historical Site Mapping . Tallahassee: Florida Historical Research Foundation, 1978. Print"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the written works of J. Mason Gray along with a few documents relating to the Florida Historical Research Foundation. Also included in the collection are historic photographs of Tampa and Florida in general, negatives, postcards, other assorted images, manuscripts and ephemera of a varying nature.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the written works of J. Mason Gray along with a few documents relating to the Florida Historical Research Foundation. Also included in the collection are historic photographs of Tampa and Florida in general, negatives, postcards, other assorted images, manuscripts and ephemera of a varying nature."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0;The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_cc4721fc0b41163a4a44867c17ce833b\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eA collection of personal documents, writings, photographs and negatives of J. Mason Gray, Florida Historical Site researcher.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of personal documents, writings, photographs and negatives of J. Mason Gray, Florida Historical Site researcher."],"names_coll_ssim":["Florida Historical Society"],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Florida Historical Society","Gray, J. Mason"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Florida Historical Society"],"famname_ssim":["Gray, J. Mason"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":65,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870863258220494848,"_root_":"5cdf891d0662a6f7fde32f02","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:30:38.872Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5cdf891d0662a6f7fde32f02"}},{"id":"4bbf48af02688e09144d84fb","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer Student Activities photographic collection, 1965-1989","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4bbf48af02688e09144d84fb#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\""],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4bbf48af02688e09144d84fb#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Collection documents campus activities and student life at USF St. Petersburg through photographs."],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4bbf48af02688e09144d84fb#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"4bbf48af02688e09144d84fb","title_ssm":["J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer Student Activities photographic collection"],"title_tesim":["J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer Student Activities photographic collection"],"ead_ssi":"4bbf48af02688e09144d84fb","unitdate_ssm":["1965-1989 "],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1965-1989 "],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SP-RG-730-003","/repositories/3/resources/732"],"text":["SP-RG-730-003","/repositories/3/resources/732","J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer Student Activities photographic collection, 1965-1989","University of South Florida -- History","College students -- Florida -- Photographs","Universities and colleges -- St. Petersburg","Scrapbooks","Since 1969, J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer has played a paramount role in the development of student leadership on campus. She served as a founding member of the Student Activities office and she worked in the Division of Student Affairs for nearly twenty-six years. With an avid interest in journalism, she established and contributed to a number of campus publications, including the Crow's Nest. Tschiderer now works part-time in the Office of Advancement.","For additional photographic images of USF St. Petersburg, please consult with staff and examine the slides, scrapbooks, and photographs in the USF St. Petersburg Audio/Visual Archives (Record Group 10).","Collection includes notable events, members of the campus community, and general scenes that document the campus and student experience at USF St. Petersburg. Materials consist of scrapbooks, slides, photographs, and photographic negatives from the mid 1960s through 1989.","Coverage began in the late 1960s, at a time when the campus covered the peninsula presently used by the College of Marine Science. Many photographs show student events and activities at the campus pool, in \"A\" and \"B\" Buildings, and along Bayboro Harbor. Photographs from the 1980s document the expansion of campus facilities with the opening of the original Poynter Library (now Bayboro Hall), Davis Hall (formerly Bayboro Hall), and Coquina Hall. ","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.","Collection documents campus activities and student life at USF St. Petersburg through photographs.","USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives","Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\"","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SP-RG-730-003","/repositories/3/resources/732"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1965-1989"],"normalized_title_ssm":["J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer Student Activities photographic collection, 1965-1989"],"collection_title_tesim":["J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer Student Activities photographic collection, 1965-1989"],"collection_ssim":["J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer Student Activities photographic collection, 1965-1989"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\""],"creator_ssim":["Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\""],"creator_persname_ssim":["Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\""],"creators_ssim":["Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\""],"access_terms_ssm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer donated three scrapbooks in summer 2005 to the Nelson Poynter Memorial Library for use in the Fortieth Anniversary Exhibit of the campus. She gave the library additional slides, photographs, and photographic negatives in August 2006."],"access_subjects_ssim":["University of South Florida -- History","College students -- Florida -- Photographs","Universities and colleges -- St. Petersburg","Scrapbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["University of South Florida -- History","College students -- Florida -- Photographs","Universities and colleges -- St. Petersburg","Scrapbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.10 Linear Feet The materials in this collection occupy three scrapbooks, two standard boxes, and one oversize box."],"extent_tesim":["2.10 Linear Feet The materials in this collection occupy three scrapbooks, two standard boxes, and one oversize box."],"genreform_ssim":["Scrapbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSince 1969, J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer has played a paramount role in the development of student leadership on campus. She served as a founding member of the Student Activities office and she worked in the Division of Student Affairs for nearly twenty-six years. With an avid interest in journalism, she established and contributed to a number of campus publications, including the Crow's Nest. Tschiderer now works part-time in the Office of Advancement.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Since 1969, J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer has played a paramount role in the development of student leadership on campus. She served as a founding member of the Student Activities office and she worked in the Division of Student Affairs for nearly twenty-six years. With an avid interest in journalism, she established and contributed to a number of campus publications, including the Crow's Nest. Tschiderer now works part-time in the Office of Advancement."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJ. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer Student Activities photographic collection, Nelson Poynter Memorial Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer Student Activities photographic collection, Nelson Poynter Memorial Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFor additional photographic images of USF St. Petersburg, please consult with staff and examine the slides, scrapbooks, and photographs in the USF St. Petersburg Audio/Visual Archives (Record Group 10).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["For additional photographic images of USF St. Petersburg, please consult with staff and examine the slides, scrapbooks, and photographs in the USF St. Petersburg Audio/Visual Archives (Record Group 10)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection includes notable events, members of the campus community, and general scenes that document the campus and student experience at USF St. Petersburg. Materials consist of scrapbooks, slides, photographs, and photographic negatives from the mid 1960s through 1989.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCoverage began in the late 1960s, at a time when the campus covered the peninsula presently used by the College of Marine Science. Many photographs show student events and activities at the campus pool, in \"A\" and \"B\" Buildings, and along Bayboro Harbor. Photographs from the 1980s document the expansion of campus facilities with the opening of the original Poynter Library (now Bayboro Hall), Davis Hall (formerly Bayboro Hall), and Coquina Hall. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection includes notable events, members of the campus community, and general scenes that document the campus and student experience at USF St. Petersburg. Materials consist of scrapbooks, slides, photographs, and photographic negatives from the mid 1960s through 1989.","Coverage began in the late 1960s, at a time when the campus covered the peninsula presently used by the College of Marine Science. Many photographs show student events and activities at the campus pool, in \"A\" and \"B\" Buildings, and along Bayboro Harbor. Photographs from the 1980s document the expansion of campus facilities with the opening of the original Poynter Library (now Bayboro Hall), Davis Hall (formerly Bayboro Hall), and Coquina Hall. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a91d59002e318b8a9821e5eb2682c6ae\"\u003eCollection documents campus activities and student life at USF St. Petersburg through photographs.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Collection documents campus activities and student life at USF St. Petersburg through photographs."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives","Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\""],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\""],"persname_ssim":["Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\""],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"4bbf48af02688e09144d84fb","timestamp":"2026-07-11T03:29:16.553Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"4bbf48af02688e09144d84fb","title_ssm":["J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer Student Activities photographic collection"],"title_tesim":["J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer Student Activities photographic collection"],"ead_ssi":"4bbf48af02688e09144d84fb","unitdate_ssm":["1965-1989 "],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1965-1989 "],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SP-RG-730-003","/repositories/3/resources/732"],"text":["SP-RG-730-003","/repositories/3/resources/732","J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer Student Activities photographic collection, 1965-1989","University of South Florida -- History","College students -- Florida -- Photographs","Universities and colleges -- St. Petersburg","Scrapbooks","Since 1969, J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer has played a paramount role in the development of student leadership on campus. She served as a founding member of the Student Activities office and she worked in the Division of Student Affairs for nearly twenty-six years. With an avid interest in journalism, she established and contributed to a number of campus publications, including the Crow's Nest. Tschiderer now works part-time in the Office of Advancement.","For additional photographic images of USF St. Petersburg, please consult with staff and examine the slides, scrapbooks, and photographs in the USF St. Petersburg Audio/Visual Archives (Record Group 10).","Collection includes notable events, members of the campus community, and general scenes that document the campus and student experience at USF St. Petersburg. Materials consist of scrapbooks, slides, photographs, and photographic negatives from the mid 1960s through 1989.","Coverage began in the late 1960s, at a time when the campus covered the peninsula presently used by the College of Marine Science. Many photographs show student events and activities at the campus pool, in \"A\" and \"B\" Buildings, and along Bayboro Harbor. Photographs from the 1980s document the expansion of campus facilities with the opening of the original Poynter Library (now Bayboro Hall), Davis Hall (formerly Bayboro Hall), and Coquina Hall. ","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.","Collection documents campus activities and student life at USF St. Petersburg through photographs.","USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives","Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\"","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SP-RG-730-003","/repositories/3/resources/732"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1965-1989"],"normalized_title_ssm":["J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer Student Activities photographic collection, 1965-1989"],"collection_title_tesim":["J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer Student Activities photographic collection, 1965-1989"],"collection_ssim":["J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer Student Activities photographic collection, 1965-1989"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\""],"creator_ssim":["Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\""],"creator_persname_ssim":["Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\""],"creators_ssim":["Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\""],"access_terms_ssm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer donated three scrapbooks in summer 2005 to the Nelson Poynter Memorial Library for use in the Fortieth Anniversary Exhibit of the campus. She gave the library additional slides, photographs, and photographic negatives in August 2006."],"access_subjects_ssim":["University of South Florida -- History","College students -- Florida -- Photographs","Universities and colleges -- St. Petersburg","Scrapbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["University of South Florida -- History","College students -- Florida -- Photographs","Universities and colleges -- St. Petersburg","Scrapbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.10 Linear Feet The materials in this collection occupy three scrapbooks, two standard boxes, and one oversize box."],"extent_tesim":["2.10 Linear Feet The materials in this collection occupy three scrapbooks, two standard boxes, and one oversize box."],"genreform_ssim":["Scrapbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSince 1969, J. 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Tschiderer now works part-time in the Office of Advancement."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJ. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer Student Activities photographic collection, Nelson Poynter Memorial Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer Student Activities photographic collection, Nelson Poynter Memorial Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFor additional photographic images of USF St. Petersburg, please consult with staff and examine the slides, scrapbooks, and photographs in the USF St. Petersburg Audio/Visual Archives (Record Group 10).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["For additional photographic images of USF St. Petersburg, please consult with staff and examine the slides, scrapbooks, and photographs in the USF St. Petersburg Audio/Visual Archives (Record Group 10)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection includes notable events, members of the campus community, and general scenes that document the campus and student experience at USF St. Petersburg. Materials consist of scrapbooks, slides, photographs, and photographic negatives from the mid 1960s through 1989.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCoverage began in the late 1960s, at a time when the campus covered the peninsula presently used by the College of Marine Science. Many photographs show student events and activities at the campus pool, in \"A\" and \"B\" Buildings, and along Bayboro Harbor. Photographs from the 1980s document the expansion of campus facilities with the opening of the original Poynter Library (now Bayboro Hall), Davis Hall (formerly Bayboro Hall), and Coquina Hall. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection includes notable events, members of the campus community, and general scenes that document the campus and student experience at USF St. Petersburg. Materials consist of scrapbooks, slides, photographs, and photographic negatives from the mid 1960s through 1989.","Coverage began in the late 1960s, at a time when the campus covered the peninsula presently used by the College of Marine Science. Many photographs show student events and activities at the campus pool, in \"A\" and \"B\" Buildings, and along Bayboro Harbor. Photographs from the 1980s document the expansion of campus facilities with the opening of the original Poynter Library (now Bayboro Hall), Davis Hall (formerly Bayboro Hall), and Coquina Hall. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a91d59002e318b8a9821e5eb2682c6ae\"\u003eCollection documents campus activities and student life at USF St. Petersburg through photographs.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Collection documents campus activities and student life at USF St. Petersburg through photographs."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives","Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\""],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\""],"persname_ssim":["Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\""],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"4bbf48af02688e09144d84fb","timestamp":"2026-07-11T03:29:16.553Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4bbf48af02688e09144d84fb"}},{"id":"5302c55058300dcc7074cfce","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer Student Publications collection, 1969-1995","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5302c55058300dcc7074cfce#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\""],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5302c55058300dcc7074cfce#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["This collection includes original issues of USF St. Petersburg's student publications from J.M \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer."],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5302c55058300dcc7074cfce#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"5302c55058300dcc7074cfce","title_ssm":["J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer Student Publications collection"],"title_tesim":["J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer Student Publications collection"],"ead_ssi":"5302c55058300dcc7074cfce","unitdate_ssm":["1969-1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1969-1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SP-MS-1995-002","/repositories/3/resources/689"],"text":["SP-MS-1995-002","/repositories/3/resources/689","J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer Student Publications collection, 1969-1995","Universities and colleges -- St. Petersburg","Newspapers","Student publications","Since 1969, J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer has played a paramount role in the development of student leadership on campus. She served as a founding member of the Student Activities office and she worked in the Division of Student Affairs for 26 years. With an avid interest in journalism, she established and contributed to a number of campus publications, including the Crow's Nest.","This collection comprise of the Crow's Nest and Bayboro Raconteur of USF St. Petersburg from 1969 through 1995. Materials include pamplets, newspaper, newsletter, and correspondence from these student publications.","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.","This collection includes original issues of USF St. Petersburg's student publications from J.M \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer.","USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives","Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\"","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SP-MS-1995-002","/repositories/3/resources/689"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1969-1995"],"normalized_title_ssm":["J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer Student Publications collection, 1969-1995"],"collection_title_tesim":["J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer Student Publications collection, 1969-1995"],"collection_ssim":["J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer Student Publications collection, 1969-1995"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\""],"creator_ssim":["Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\""],"creator_persname_ssim":["Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\""],"creators_ssim":["Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\""],"access_terms_ssm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer donated collection in December 1995."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Universities and colleges -- St. Petersburg","Newspapers","Student publications"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Universities and colleges -- St. Petersburg","Newspapers","Student publications"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSince 1969, J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer has played a paramount role in the development of student leadership on campus. She served as a founding member of the Student Activities office and she worked in the Division of Student Affairs for 26 years. With an avid interest in journalism, she established and contributed to a number of campus publications, including the Crow's Nest.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Since 1969, J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer has played a paramount role in the development of student leadership on campus. She served as a founding member of the Student Activities office and she worked in the Division of Student Affairs for 26 years. With an avid interest in journalism, she established and contributed to a number of campus publications, including the Crow's Nest."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJ. M. Sudsy Tschiderer Student Publications Collection, Nelson Poynter Memorial Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["J. M. Sudsy Tschiderer Student Publications Collection, Nelson Poynter Memorial Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection comprise of the Crow's Nest and Bayboro Raconteur of USF St. Petersburg from 1969 through 1995. Materials include pamplets, newspaper, newsletter, and correspondence from these student publications.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection comprise of the Crow's Nest and Bayboro Raconteur of USF St. Petersburg from 1969 through 1995. Materials include pamplets, newspaper, newsletter, and correspondence from these student publications."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_edffeeb47a4236b594c5cc67b4a115f9\"\u003eThis collection includes original issues of USF St. Petersburg's student publications from J.M \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes original issues of USF St. Petersburg's student publications from J.M \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives","Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\""],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\""],"persname_ssim":["Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\""],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1875844225339228160,"_root_":"5302c55058300dcc7074cfce","timestamp":"2026-09-09T09:00:59.285Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"5302c55058300dcc7074cfce","title_ssm":["J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer Student Publications collection"],"title_tesim":["J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer Student Publications collection"],"ead_ssi":"5302c55058300dcc7074cfce","unitdate_ssm":["1969-1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1969-1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SP-MS-1995-002","/repositories/3/resources/689"],"text":["SP-MS-1995-002","/repositories/3/resources/689","J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer Student Publications collection, 1969-1995","Universities and colleges -- St. Petersburg","Newspapers","Student publications","Since 1969, J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer has played a paramount role in the development of student leadership on campus. She served as a founding member of the Student Activities office and she worked in the Division of Student Affairs for 26 years. With an avid interest in journalism, she established and contributed to a number of campus publications, including the Crow's Nest.","This collection comprise of the Crow's Nest and Bayboro Raconteur of USF St. Petersburg from 1969 through 1995. Materials include pamplets, newspaper, newsletter, and correspondence from these student publications.","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.","This collection includes original issues of USF St. Petersburg's student publications from J.M \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer.","USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives","Tschiderer, J. 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Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer donated collection in December 1995."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Universities and colleges -- St. Petersburg","Newspapers","Student publications"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Universities and colleges -- St. Petersburg","Newspapers","Student publications"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSince 1969, J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer has played a paramount role in the development of student leadership on campus. She served as a founding member of the Student Activities office and she worked in the Division of Student Affairs for 26 years. With an avid interest in journalism, she established and contributed to a number of campus publications, including the Crow's Nest.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Since 1969, J. M. \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer has played a paramount role in the development of student leadership on campus. She served as a founding member of the Student Activities office and she worked in the Division of Student Affairs for 26 years. With an avid interest in journalism, she established and contributed to a number of campus publications, including the Crow's Nest."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJ. M. Sudsy Tschiderer Student Publications Collection, Nelson Poynter Memorial Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["J. M. Sudsy Tschiderer Student Publications Collection, Nelson Poynter Memorial Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection comprise of the Crow's Nest and Bayboro Raconteur of USF St. Petersburg from 1969 through 1995. Materials include pamplets, newspaper, newsletter, and correspondence from these student publications.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection comprise of the Crow's Nest and Bayboro Raconteur of USF St. Petersburg from 1969 through 1995. Materials include pamplets, newspaper, newsletter, and correspondence from these student publications."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_edffeeb47a4236b594c5cc67b4a115f9\"\u003eThis collection includes original issues of USF St. Petersburg's student publications from J.M \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes original issues of USF St. Petersburg's student publications from J.M \"Sudsy\" Tschiderer."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives","Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\""],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\""],"persname_ssim":["Tschiderer, J. M. \"Sudsy\""],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1875844225339228160,"_root_":"5302c55058300dcc7074cfce","timestamp":"2026-09-09T09:00:59.285Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5302c55058300dcc7074cfce"}},{"id":"dd1185e4a432441cb5a55467_aspace_7cd211e2708b100485712a97a328d0dd","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Job Search, 1981–1993","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/dd1185e4a432441cb5a55467_aspace_7cd211e2708b100485712a97a328d0dd#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_7cd211e2708b100485712a97a328d0dd","ref_ssm":["aspace_7cd211e2708b100485712a97a328d0dd","aspace_7cd211e2708b100485712a97a328d0dd"],"id":"dd1185e4a432441cb5a55467_aspace_7cd211e2708b100485712a97a328d0dd","title_filing_ssi":"Job Search","title_ssm":["Job Search"],"title_tesim":["Job Search"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1981–1993"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1981–1993"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Job Search, 1981–1993"],"text":["Job Search, 1981–1993","Beatrice B. Ettinger papers, 1962-2015","Council for Continuing Education for Women, 1964–1997","Programs, 1968–1997","/repositories/4/archival_objects/91837","box 6","folder 4"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["dd1185e4a432441cb5a55467","dd1185e4a432441cb5a55467_aspace_28429a92c847549f23b797d6de1e74b6","dd1185e4a432441cb5a55467_aspace_970b6daf83908e44167b6888dfab2925"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Beatrice B. Ettinger papers, 1962-2015","Council for Continuing Education for Women, 1964–1997","Programs, 1968–1997"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Beatrice B. Ettinger papers, 1962-2015","Council for Continuing Education for Women, 1964–1997","Programs, 1968–1997"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/4/archival_objects/91837"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Beatrice B. Ettinger papers, 1962-2015"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":69,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder"],"date_range_isim":[1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993],"containers_ssim":["box 6","folder 4"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#37/components#24","_nest_parent_":"dd1185e4a432441cb5a55467_aspace_970b6daf83908e44167b6888dfab2925","_root_":"dd1185e4a432441cb5a55467","_version_":1874753310664163328,"timestamp":"2026-08-28T08:01:21.975Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"dd1185e4a432441cb5a55467","title_ssm":["Beatrice B. Ettinger papers"],"title_tesim":["Beatrice B. Ettinger papers"],"ead_ssi":"dd1185e4a432441cb5a55467","unitdate_ssm":["1962-2015"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1962-2015"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC37","/repositories/4/resources/38"],"text":["SC37","/repositories/4/resources/38","Beatrice B. Ettinger papers, 1962-2015","Adult Education of Women","Women -- Education","Hotels","Equal Rights Amendments","Feminism -- United States","Feminism","International Women's Decade, 1976-1985","International Women's Year, 1975","Women's rights -- United States","Feminism and education","Equal Rights Amendments -- United States","photographs","scrapbooks","The entire collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into three series by topic, then arranged alphabetically within each series.","Beatrice \"Bea\" Bornstein Ettinger was born in Paterson, New Jersey, on June 21, 1917. In 1932, she moved to Orlando, Florida with her parents at age 15. She graduated from the University of Miami and the University of Miami Law School. Ettinger was active in a variety of organizations, serving as Vice President of the Florida League of Women Voters, Director of Region IV of the National Displaced Homemaker Network, and Secretary of Learning Institute for Elders. Ettinger was instrumental in establishing the Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women. Her achievements were honored by the local community as Orlando's Outstanding Woman of the Year in 1977, Woman of Achievement in 1979 and Community Leader of the Year in 1981. She was nominated for the Florida Women's Hall of Fame in 1982 and 1984. \n \nIn 1966, a group of women met to start the Council for Continuing Education for Women in Orlando, an organization that offered educational and career opportunities for women. It was run by volunteers until 1974, when it cooperated with the Valencia Community College to establish the Center for Continuing Education for Women. The Center created and sponsored programs on a variety of topics designed to assist women who wanted to further their education and possibly return to the workforce. Ettinger was president of the Council and directed the Center until 1986, when Connie Fisher became Director. In 1991, the Council moved from Valencia Community College and entered into a new agreement with the University of Central Florida, where it continued with its work in association with the Women's Studies Program. Ettinger passed away in 2015.","Collection processed by Judith Beale; finding aid prepared by Judith Beale. Duplications were removed, news clippings were photocopied onto acid free paper and the materials were rehoused. Rehoused and additional materials processed by Ava Botwin in 2026.","Similar materials may be found in the  Phyllis J. Hudson Papers  and the  Lynda Van Scoyoc Papers .","Series I: Council for Continuing Education for Women, 1964-1997 is the largest series and fully documents the Council's activities and that of the Center that it sponsored. Its programs included Displaced Homemaker, Florida Women in Agriculture and Women in Citrus. The Center received awards from Walt Disney World in 1975, 1979, 1981, 1984 and 1986 when it received the \"Spirit of Epcot\" Award. Financial Aid for Career Training Inc. worked with the Center and provided loans for women to improve their skills so that they could return to the work force.","\nSeries II: Other Organizations, 1971-1988 holds materials concerning various other organizations in which Ettinger had an interest. Most of these organizations concern women and education, such as, the Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women. However, political and community organizations, such as, the League of Women Voters and the Jewish Community Center are also represented here.","\nSeries III: Personal, 1969-1994 contains documents of a more personal nature and includes Ettinger's date book, certificates, the documents prepared for her nomination to the Florida Women's Hall of Fame and information about her relationship with Valencia Community College.","Series IV: Additional Materials, 1962-2015, contains additional papers and photographs relating to Ettinger's personal achievements and involvement in various Florida organizations.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder","The Beatrice B. Ettinger papers contain correspondence, leaflets, posters, minutes and reports that show women's position in society in the 1970s and 1980s. Continuing Education is the focus of these papers since Ettinger accumulated many of the materials between 1970 and 1992 when she was President of the Council for Continuing Education for Women. This organization established a Center that was based first at Valencia Community College and later at the University of Central Florida. Ettinger also collected documents concerning other organizations in which she was interested that fostered women's intellectual and political growth, such as, the Central Florida Women's Resource Center Inc. and the League of Women Voters. Additional materials provide some personal information about Mrs. Ettinger.","UCF Special Collections","Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women","Central Florida Women's Resource Center","Council for Continuing Education for Women of Central Florida","Florida League of Women Voters","Valencia Community College","Center for Women's Medicine at Florida Hospital","University of Central Florida","Ettinger, Beatrice B., 1917-2015","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC37","/repositories/4/resources/38"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1962-2015"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Beatrice B. Ettinger papers, 1962-2015"],"collection_title_tesim":["Beatrice B. Ettinger papers, 1962-2015"],"collection_ssim":["Beatrice B. Ettinger papers, 1962-2015"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Ettinger, Beatrice B., 1917-2015"],"creator_ssim":["Ettinger, Beatrice B., 1917-2015"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Ettinger, Beatrice B., 1917-2015"],"creators_ssim":["Ettinger, Beatrice B., 1917-2015"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Beatrice B. Ettinger donated these materials to the University of Central Florida Libraries Special Collections Department in 2002 (CFM2002_02). Additional materials gifted by Marilyn Crotty, Bea's daughter, in 2026 (CFM2026_04)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Adult Education of Women","Women -- Education","Hotels","Equal Rights Amendments","Feminism -- United States","Feminism","International Women's Decade, 1976-1985","International Women's Year, 1975","Women's rights -- United States","Feminism and education","Equal Rights Amendments -- United States","photographs","scrapbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Adult Education of Women","Women -- Education","Hotels","Equal Rights Amendments","Feminism -- United States","Feminism","International Women's Decade, 1976-1985","International Women's Year, 1975","Women's rights -- United States","Feminism and education","Equal Rights Amendments -- United States","photographs","scrapbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["10.2 Linear Feet 17 boxes, 5 flat files"],"extent_tesim":["10.2 Linear Feet 17 boxes, 5 flat files"],"genreform_ssim":["photographs","scrapbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into three series by topic, then arranged alphabetically within each series.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into three series by topic, then arranged alphabetically within each series."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBeatrice \"Bea\" Bornstein Ettinger was born in Paterson, New Jersey, on June 21, 1917. In 1932, she moved to Orlando, Florida with her parents at age 15. She graduated from the University of Miami and the University of Miami Law School. Ettinger was active in a variety of organizations, serving as Vice President of the Florida League of Women Voters, Director of Region IV of the National Displaced Homemaker Network, and Secretary of Learning Institute for Elders. Ettinger was instrumental in establishing the Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women. Her achievements were honored by the local community as Orlando's Outstanding Woman of the Year in 1977, Woman of Achievement in 1979 and Community Leader of the Year in 1981. She was nominated for the Florida Women's Hall of Fame in 1982 and 1984. \n \nIn 1966, a group of women met to start the Council for Continuing Education for Women in Orlando, an organization that offered educational and career opportunities for women. It was run by volunteers until 1974, when it cooperated with the Valencia Community College to establish the Center for Continuing Education for Women. The Center created and sponsored programs on a variety of topics designed to assist women who wanted to further their education and possibly return to the workforce. Ettinger was president of the Council and directed the Center until 1986, when Connie Fisher became Director. In 1991, the Council moved from Valencia Community College and entered into a new agreement with the University of Central Florida, where it continued with its work in association with the Women's Studies Program. Ettinger passed away in 2015.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Beatrice \"Bea\" Bornstein Ettinger was born in Paterson, New Jersey, on June 21, 1917. In 1932, she moved to Orlando, Florida with her parents at age 15. She graduated from the University of Miami and the University of Miami Law School. Ettinger was active in a variety of organizations, serving as Vice President of the Florida League of Women Voters, Director of Region IV of the National Displaced Homemaker Network, and Secretary of Learning Institute for Elders. Ettinger was instrumental in establishing the Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women. Her achievements were honored by the local community as Orlando's Outstanding Woman of the Year in 1977, Woman of Achievement in 1979 and Community Leader of the Year in 1981. She was nominated for the Florida Women's Hall of Fame in 1982 and 1984. \n \nIn 1966, a group of women met to start the Council for Continuing Education for Women in Orlando, an organization that offered educational and career opportunities for women. It was run by volunteers until 1974, when it cooperated with the Valencia Community College to establish the Center for Continuing Education for Women. The Center created and sponsored programs on a variety of topics designed to assist women who wanted to further their education and possibly return to the workforce. Ettinger was president of the Council and directed the Center until 1986, when Connie Fisher became Director. In 1991, the Council moved from Valencia Community College and entered into a new agreement with the University of Central Florida, where it continued with its work in association with the Women's Studies Program. Ettinger passed away in 2015."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Beatrice B. Ettinger Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Beatrice B. Ettinger Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection processed by Judith Beale; finding aid prepared by Judith Beale. Duplications were removed, news clippings were photocopied onto acid free paper and the materials were rehoused. Rehoused and additional materials processed by Ava Botwin in 2026.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Collection processed by Judith Beale; finding aid prepared by Judith Beale. Duplications were removed, news clippings were photocopied onto acid free paper and the materials were rehoused. Rehoused and additional materials processed by Ava Botwin in 2026."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSimilar materials may be found in the \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2005-02\"\u003ePhyllis J. Hudson Papers\u003c/extref\u003e and the \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2005-15\"\u003eLynda Van Scoyoc Papers\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Similar materials may be found in the  Phyllis J. Hudson Papers  and the  Lynda Van Scoyoc Papers ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Council for Continuing Education for Women, 1964-1997 is the largest series and fully documents the Council's activities and that of the Center that it sponsored. Its programs included Displaced Homemaker, Florida Women in Agriculture and Women in Citrus. The Center received awards from Walt Disney World in 1975, 1979, 1981, 1984 and 1986 when it received the \"Spirit of Epcot\" Award. Financial Aid for Career Training Inc. worked with the Center and provided loans for women to improve their skills so that they could return to the work force.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Other Organizations, 1971-1988 holds materials concerning various other organizations in which Ettinger had an interest. Most of these organizations concern women and education, such as, the Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women. However, political and community organizations, such as, the League of Women Voters and the Jewish Community Center are also represented here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Personal, 1969-1994 contains documents of a more personal nature and includes Ettinger's date book, certificates, the documents prepared for her nomination to the Florida Women's Hall of Fame and information about her relationship with Valencia Community College.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV: Additional Materials, 1962-2015, contains additional papers and photographs relating to Ettinger's personal achievements and involvement in various Florida organizations.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series I: Council for Continuing Education for Women, 1964-1997 is the largest series and fully documents the Council's activities and that of the Center that it sponsored. Its programs included Displaced Homemaker, Florida Women in Agriculture and Women in Citrus. The Center received awards from Walt Disney World in 1975, 1979, 1981, 1984 and 1986 when it received the \"Spirit of Epcot\" Award. Financial Aid for Career Training Inc. worked with the Center and provided loans for women to improve their skills so that they could return to the work force.","\nSeries II: Other Organizations, 1971-1988 holds materials concerning various other organizations in which Ettinger had an interest. Most of these organizations concern women and education, such as, the Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women. However, political and community organizations, such as, the League of Women Voters and the Jewish Community Center are also represented here.","\nSeries III: Personal, 1969-1994 contains documents of a more personal nature and includes Ettinger's date book, certificates, the documents prepared for her nomination to the Florida Women's Hall of Fame and information about her relationship with Valencia Community College.","Series IV: Additional Materials, 1962-2015, contains additional papers and photographs relating to Ettinger's personal achievements and involvement in various Florida organizations."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Copyright Statement"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a2224d4bedac95e53f407a622a6fe541\"\u003eThe Beatrice B. Ettinger papers contain correspondence, leaflets, posters, minutes and reports that show women's position in society in the 1970s and 1980s. Continuing Education is the focus of these papers since Ettinger accumulated many of the materials between 1970 and 1992 when she was President of the Council for Continuing Education for Women. This organization established a Center that was based first at Valencia Community College and later at the University of Central Florida. Ettinger also collected documents concerning other organizations in which she was interested that fostered women's intellectual and political growth, such as, the Central Florida Women's Resource Center Inc. and the League of Women Voters. Additional materials provide some personal information about Mrs. Ettinger.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Beatrice B. Ettinger papers contain correspondence, leaflets, posters, minutes and reports that show women's position in society in the 1970s and 1980s. Continuing Education is the focus of these papers since Ettinger accumulated many of the materials between 1970 and 1992 when she was President of the Council for Continuing Education for Women. This organization established a Center that was based first at Valencia Community College and later at the University of Central Florida. Ettinger also collected documents concerning other organizations in which she was interested that fostered women's intellectual and political growth, such as, the Central Florida Women's Resource Center Inc. and the League of Women Voters. Additional materials provide some personal information about Mrs. Ettinger."],"names_coll_ssim":["Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women","Central Florida Women's Resource Center","Council for Continuing Education for Women of Central Florida","Florida League of Women Voters","Valencia Community College","Center for Women's Medicine at Florida Hospital","University of Central Florida","Ettinger, Beatrice B., 1917-2015"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women","Central Florida Women's Resource Center","Council for Continuing Education for Women of Central Florida","Florida League of Women Voters","Valencia Community College","Center for Women's Medicine at Florida Hospital","University of Central Florida","Ettinger, Beatrice B., 1917-2015"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Central Florida Educational Consortium for Women","Central Florida Women's Resource Center","Council for Continuing Education for Women of Central Florida","Florida League of Women Voters","Valencia Community College","Center for Women's Medicine at Florida Hospital","University of Central Florida"],"persname_ssim":["Ettinger, Beatrice B., 1917-2015"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":200,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1874753310664163328,"_root_":"dd1185e4a432441cb5a55467","timestamp":"2026-08-28T08:01:21.975Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/dd1185e4a432441cb5a55467_aspace_7cd211e2708b100485712a97a328d0dd"}},{"id":"0d0bc0634a7ddd1c5d6bec45","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Joe Carlucci Papers, 1911-1986","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/0d0bc0634a7ddd1c5d6bec45#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/0d0bc0634a7ddd1c5d6bec45#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains correspondence, administrative and subject files, and printed materials relating to Mr. Carlucci's political activities. Few personal items are included. Subject files provide detailed information on highly publicized and controversial Jacksonville, Florida issues (Offshore Power Systems, etc.) and prominent local individuals; extensive documentation on the site selection of the University of North Florida; and insights into the Hans Tanzler mayoral era of Jacksonville politics and government. The Carlucci Papers complement related collections on Jacksonville's government consolidation during the same time period: Richard A. Martin Papers; Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers; Jacksonville, Florida, Government Consolidation Collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/0d0bc0634a7ddd1c5d6bec45#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"0d0bc0634a7ddd1c5d6bec45","title_ssm":["Joe Carlucci Papers"],"title_tesim":["Joe Carlucci Papers"],"ead_ssi":"0d0bc0634a7ddd1c5d6bec45","unitdate_ssm":["1911-1986"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1911-1986"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1988.001","/repositories/3/resources/30"],"text":["1988.001","/repositories/3/resources/30","Joe Carlucci Papers, 1911-1986","Duval County (Fla.)--Biography.","Duval County (Fla.)--Politics and government.","Florida--Politics and government--1951-","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Politics and government.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Biography.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--History.","Legislators--Florida--Biography.","Correspondence","Printed materials","The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.","Joe Carlucci was born in Huntington Beach, New York on January 5, 1929. Upon moving to Florida at age 17, he attended Florida State University and was manager of FSU's first football team in 1947-48. After attending the University of Miami Law School for two years, he began his insurance career with State Farm Insurance Company in 1954. In 1962, he opened his own State Farm office in Jacksonville, Florida.\nMr. Carlucci's political career began in 1966 with an unsuccessful bid for the Florida Senate tenth district office. In 1968, he was elected as a Councilman-at-large, Group No. 3 to the Jacksonville City Council, with re-election victories in 1971 and 1975. His campaign for the Florida Senate, District 8 office, in 1978 was successful, a position he held until his death on February 1, 1986.\nOn both the local and state levels, Mr. Carlucci's political career was marked by his aggressive and forceful personality and he was often labeled a \"maverick\" for his lone but determined approach to confronting issues in which he believed strongly. As a Jacksonville City Council member, two of his more significant contributions were his legislation creating the Consumer Affairs Division of the City and his bill regulating the City's hiring of professional services which later served as a model for the state of Florida.\nDuring his seven-year tenure in the Florida Senate, many of his contributions were related to reforms of Florida's criminal justice system and child abuse laws. He also served on the Joint Legislative Auditing Committee and became known as \"the taxpayers' watchdog\" over questionable state expenditures. On a local level, he was particularly proud of legislation which established a lower division at the University of North Florida.\nMr. Carlucci was the recipient of numerous awards during his political career, chief among them being the Distinguished Councilman of the Year Award for 1968-69 and 1971-72. In addition, he was honored by various community service groups for his dedication to Jacksonville causes.\nHe was married to the former Louise Moore of Jacksonville and had two children: Michael and Matthew. In 1987, Matthew Carlucci followed in his father's footsteps as a Jacksonville City Councilman, serving as an at-large Council member to 1994. He rejoined the Council in 1999 as a district representative from San Marco / Southside and was elected City Council President for the 2001-2002 term. In August, 2002, he announced his candidacy for Mayor, but finished fourth in the April 15, 2003 election with 20 percent of the vote.","Note written by ","The collection contains correspondence, administrative and subject files, and printed materials relating to Mr. Carlucci's political activities. Few personal items are included. Subject files provide detailed information on highly publicized and controversial Jacksonville, Florida issues (Offshore Power Systems, etc.) and prominent local individuals; extensive documentation on the site selection of the University of North Florida; and insights into the Hans Tanzler mayoral era of Jacksonville politics and government. The Carlucci Papers complement related collections on Jacksonville's government consolidation during the same time period: Richard A. Martin Papers; Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers; Jacksonville, Florida, Government Consolidation Collection.","Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information","UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","Jacksonville (Fla.) City Council.","University of North Florida.","Florida. Legislature. Senate.--Biography.","Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1988.001","/repositories/3/resources/30"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1911-1986"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joe Carlucci Papers, 1911-1986"],"collection_title_tesim":["Joe Carlucci Papers, 1911-1986"],"collection_ssim":["Joe Carlucci Papers, 1911-1986"],"repository_ssm":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Duval County (Fla.)--Biography.","Duval County (Fla.)--Politics and government.","Florida--Politics and government--1951-","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Politics and government."],"geogname_ssim":["Duval County (Fla.)--Biography.","Duval County (Fla.)--Politics and government.","Florida--Politics and government--1951-","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Politics and government."],"creator_ssm":["Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986"],"creator_ssim":["Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986"],"creators_ssim":["Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986"],"places_ssim":["Duval County (Fla.)--Biography.","Duval County (Fla.)--Politics and government.","Florida--Politics and government--1951-","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Politics and government."],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was acquired through donation from Louise Carlucci, 1988"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Jacksonville (Fla.)--Biography.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--History.","Legislators--Florida--Biography.","Correspondence","Printed materials"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Jacksonville (Fla.)--Biography.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--History.","Legislators--Florida--Biography.","Correspondence","Printed materials"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["15.00 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Printed materials"],"date_range_isim":[1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoe Carlucci was born in Huntington Beach, New York on January 5, 1929. Upon moving to Florida at age 17, he attended Florida State University and was manager of FSU's first football team in 1947-48. After attending the University of Miami Law School for two years, he began his insurance career with State Farm Insurance Company in 1954. In 1962, he opened his own State Farm office in Jacksonville, Florida.\nMr. Carlucci's political career began in 1966 with an unsuccessful bid for the Florida Senate tenth district office. In 1968, he was elected as a Councilman-at-large, Group No. 3 to the Jacksonville City Council, with re-election victories in 1971 and 1975. His campaign for the Florida Senate, District 8 office, in 1978 was successful, a position he held until his death on February 1, 1986.\nOn both the local and state levels, Mr. Carlucci's political career was marked by his aggressive and forceful personality and he was often labeled a \"maverick\" for his lone but determined approach to confronting issues in which he believed strongly. As a Jacksonville City Council member, two of his more significant contributions were his legislation creating the Consumer Affairs Division of the City and his bill regulating the City's hiring of professional services which later served as a model for the state of Florida.\nDuring his seven-year tenure in the Florida Senate, many of his contributions were related to reforms of Florida's criminal justice system and child abuse laws. He also served on the Joint Legislative Auditing Committee and became known as \"the taxpayers' watchdog\" over questionable state expenditures. On a local level, he was particularly proud of legislation which established a lower division at the University of North Florida.\nMr. Carlucci was the recipient of numerous awards during his political career, chief among them being the Distinguished Councilman of the Year Award for 1968-69 and 1971-72. In addition, he was honored by various community service groups for his dedication to Jacksonville causes.\nHe was married to the former Louise Moore of Jacksonville and had two children: Michael and Matthew. In 1987, Matthew Carlucci followed in his father's footsteps as a Jacksonville City Councilman, serving as an at-large Council member to 1994. He rejoined the Council in 1999 as a district representative from San Marco / Southside and was elected City Council President for the 2001-2002 term. In August, 2002, he announced his candidacy for Mayor, but finished fourth in the April 15, 2003 election with 20 percent of the vote.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joe Carlucci was born in Huntington Beach, New York on January 5, 1929. Upon moving to Florida at age 17, he attended Florida State University and was manager of FSU's first football team in 1947-48. After attending the University of Miami Law School for two years, he began his insurance career with State Farm Insurance Company in 1954. In 1962, he opened his own State Farm office in Jacksonville, Florida.\nMr. Carlucci's political career began in 1966 with an unsuccessful bid for the Florida Senate tenth district office. In 1968, he was elected as a Councilman-at-large, Group No. 3 to the Jacksonville City Council, with re-election victories in 1971 and 1975. His campaign for the Florida Senate, District 8 office, in 1978 was successful, a position he held until his death on February 1, 1986.\nOn both the local and state levels, Mr. Carlucci's political career was marked by his aggressive and forceful personality and he was often labeled a \"maverick\" for his lone but determined approach to confronting issues in which he believed strongly. As a Jacksonville City Council member, two of his more significant contributions were his legislation creating the Consumer Affairs Division of the City and his bill regulating the City's hiring of professional services which later served as a model for the state of Florida.\nDuring his seven-year tenure in the Florida Senate, many of his contributions were related to reforms of Florida's criminal justice system and child abuse laws. He also served on the Joint Legislative Auditing Committee and became known as \"the taxpayers' watchdog\" over questionable state expenditures. On a local level, he was particularly proud of legislation which established a lower division at the University of North Florida.\nMr. Carlucci was the recipient of numerous awards during his political career, chief among them being the Distinguished Councilman of the Year Award for 1968-69 and 1971-72. In addition, he was honored by various community service groups for his dedication to Jacksonville causes.\nHe was married to the former Louise Moore of Jacksonville and had two children: Michael and Matthew. In 1987, Matthew Carlucci followed in his father's footsteps as a Jacksonville City Councilman, serving as an at-large Council member to 1994. He rejoined the Council in 1999 as a district representative from San Marco / Southside and was elected City Council President for the 2001-2002 term. In August, 2002, he announced his candidacy for Mayor, but finished fourth in the April 15, 2003 election with 20 percent of the vote.","Note written by "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoe Carlucci Collection, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Joe Carlucci Collection, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains correspondence, administrative and subject files, and printed materials relating to Mr. Carlucci's political activities. Few personal items are included. Subject files provide detailed information on highly publicized and controversial Jacksonville, Florida issues (Offshore Power Systems, etc.) and prominent local individuals; extensive documentation on the site selection of the University of North Florida; and insights into the Hans Tanzler mayoral era of Jacksonville politics and government. The Carlucci Papers complement related collections on Jacksonville's government consolidation during the same time period: Richard A. Martin Papers; Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers; Jacksonville, Florida, Government Consolidation Collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains correspondence, administrative and subject files, and printed materials relating to Mr. Carlucci's political activities. Few personal items are included. Subject files provide detailed information on highly publicized and controversial Jacksonville, Florida issues (Offshore Power Systems, etc.) and prominent local individuals; extensive documentation on the site selection of the University of North Florida; and insights into the Hans Tanzler mayoral era of Jacksonville politics and government. The Carlucci Papers complement related collections on Jacksonville's government consolidation during the same time period: Richard A. Martin Papers; Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers; Jacksonville, Florida, Government Consolidation Collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"names_coll_ssim":["Jacksonville (Fla.) City Council.","University of North Florida.","Florida. Legislature. Senate.--Biography.","Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986"],"names_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","Jacksonville (Fla.) City Council.","University of North Florida.","Florida. Legislature. Senate.--Biography.","Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986"],"corpname_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","Jacksonville (Fla.) City Council.","University of North Florida.","Florida. Legislature. Senate.--Biography."],"persname_ssim":["Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"0d0bc0634a7ddd1c5d6bec45","timestamp":"2026-07-09T03:15:35.525Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"0d0bc0634a7ddd1c5d6bec45","title_ssm":["Joe Carlucci Papers"],"title_tesim":["Joe Carlucci Papers"],"ead_ssi":"0d0bc0634a7ddd1c5d6bec45","unitdate_ssm":["1911-1986"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1911-1986"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1988.001","/repositories/3/resources/30"],"text":["1988.001","/repositories/3/resources/30","Joe Carlucci Papers, 1911-1986","Duval County (Fla.)--Biography.","Duval County (Fla.)--Politics and government.","Florida--Politics and government--1951-","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Politics and government.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Biography.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--History.","Legislators--Florida--Biography.","Correspondence","Printed materials","The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.","Joe Carlucci was born in Huntington Beach, New York on January 5, 1929. Upon moving to Florida at age 17, he attended Florida State University and was manager of FSU's first football team in 1947-48. After attending the University of Miami Law School for two years, he began his insurance career with State Farm Insurance Company in 1954. In 1962, he opened his own State Farm office in Jacksonville, Florida.\nMr. Carlucci's political career began in 1966 with an unsuccessful bid for the Florida Senate tenth district office. In 1968, he was elected as a Councilman-at-large, Group No. 3 to the Jacksonville City Council, with re-election victories in 1971 and 1975. His campaign for the Florida Senate, District 8 office, in 1978 was successful, a position he held until his death on February 1, 1986.\nOn both the local and state levels, Mr. Carlucci's political career was marked by his aggressive and forceful personality and he was often labeled a \"maverick\" for his lone but determined approach to confronting issues in which he believed strongly. As a Jacksonville City Council member, two of his more significant contributions were his legislation creating the Consumer Affairs Division of the City and his bill regulating the City's hiring of professional services which later served as a model for the state of Florida.\nDuring his seven-year tenure in the Florida Senate, many of his contributions were related to reforms of Florida's criminal justice system and child abuse laws. He also served on the Joint Legislative Auditing Committee and became known as \"the taxpayers' watchdog\" over questionable state expenditures. On a local level, he was particularly proud of legislation which established a lower division at the University of North Florida.\nMr. Carlucci was the recipient of numerous awards during his political career, chief among them being the Distinguished Councilman of the Year Award for 1968-69 and 1971-72. In addition, he was honored by various community service groups for his dedication to Jacksonville causes.\nHe was married to the former Louise Moore of Jacksonville and had two children: Michael and Matthew. In 1987, Matthew Carlucci followed in his father's footsteps as a Jacksonville City Councilman, serving as an at-large Council member to 1994. He rejoined the Council in 1999 as a district representative from San Marco / Southside and was elected City Council President for the 2001-2002 term. In August, 2002, he announced his candidacy for Mayor, but finished fourth in the April 15, 2003 election with 20 percent of the vote.","Note written by ","The collection contains correspondence, administrative and subject files, and printed materials relating to Mr. Carlucci's political activities. Few personal items are included. Subject files provide detailed information on highly publicized and controversial Jacksonville, Florida issues (Offshore Power Systems, etc.) and prominent local individuals; extensive documentation on the site selection of the University of North Florida; and insights into the Hans Tanzler mayoral era of Jacksonville politics and government. The Carlucci Papers complement related collections on Jacksonville's government consolidation during the same time period: Richard A. Martin Papers; Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers; Jacksonville, Florida, Government Consolidation Collection.","Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information","UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","Jacksonville (Fla.) City Council.","University of North Florida.","Florida. Legislature. Senate.--Biography.","Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1988.001","/repositories/3/resources/30"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1911-1986"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joe Carlucci Papers, 1911-1986"],"collection_title_tesim":["Joe Carlucci Papers, 1911-1986"],"collection_ssim":["Joe Carlucci Papers, 1911-1986"],"repository_ssm":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Duval County (Fla.)--Biography.","Duval County (Fla.)--Politics and government.","Florida--Politics and government--1951-","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Politics and government."],"geogname_ssim":["Duval County (Fla.)--Biography.","Duval County (Fla.)--Politics and government.","Florida--Politics and government--1951-","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Politics and government."],"creator_ssm":["Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986"],"creator_ssim":["Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986"],"creators_ssim":["Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986"],"places_ssim":["Duval County (Fla.)--Biography.","Duval County (Fla.)--Politics and government.","Florida--Politics and government--1951-","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Politics and government."],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was acquired through donation from Louise Carlucci, 1988"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Jacksonville (Fla.)--Biography.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--History.","Legislators--Florida--Biography.","Correspondence","Printed materials"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Jacksonville (Fla.)--Biography.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--History.","Legislators--Florida--Biography.","Correspondence","Printed materials"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["15.00 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Printed materials"],"date_range_isim":[1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoe Carlucci was born in Huntington Beach, New York on January 5, 1929. Upon moving to Florida at age 17, he attended Florida State University and was manager of FSU's first football team in 1947-48. After attending the University of Miami Law School for two years, he began his insurance career with State Farm Insurance Company in 1954. In 1962, he opened his own State Farm office in Jacksonville, Florida.\nMr. Carlucci's political career began in 1966 with an unsuccessful bid for the Florida Senate tenth district office. In 1968, he was elected as a Councilman-at-large, Group No. 3 to the Jacksonville City Council, with re-election victories in 1971 and 1975. His campaign for the Florida Senate, District 8 office, in 1978 was successful, a position he held until his death on February 1, 1986.\nOn both the local and state levels, Mr. Carlucci's political career was marked by his aggressive and forceful personality and he was often labeled a \"maverick\" for his lone but determined approach to confronting issues in which he believed strongly. As a Jacksonville City Council member, two of his more significant contributions were his legislation creating the Consumer Affairs Division of the City and his bill regulating the City's hiring of professional services which later served as a model for the state of Florida.\nDuring his seven-year tenure in the Florida Senate, many of his contributions were related to reforms of Florida's criminal justice system and child abuse laws. He also served on the Joint Legislative Auditing Committee and became known as \"the taxpayers' watchdog\" over questionable state expenditures. On a local level, he was particularly proud of legislation which established a lower division at the University of North Florida.\nMr. Carlucci was the recipient of numerous awards during his political career, chief among them being the Distinguished Councilman of the Year Award for 1968-69 and 1971-72. In addition, he was honored by various community service groups for his dedication to Jacksonville causes.\nHe was married to the former Louise Moore of Jacksonville and had two children: Michael and Matthew. In 1987, Matthew Carlucci followed in his father's footsteps as a Jacksonville City Councilman, serving as an at-large Council member to 1994. He rejoined the Council in 1999 as a district representative from San Marco / Southside and was elected City Council President for the 2001-2002 term. In August, 2002, he announced his candidacy for Mayor, but finished fourth in the April 15, 2003 election with 20 percent of the vote.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joe Carlucci was born in Huntington Beach, New York on January 5, 1929. Upon moving to Florida at age 17, he attended Florida State University and was manager of FSU's first football team in 1947-48. After attending the University of Miami Law School for two years, he began his insurance career with State Farm Insurance Company in 1954. In 1962, he opened his own State Farm office in Jacksonville, Florida.\nMr. Carlucci's political career began in 1966 with an unsuccessful bid for the Florida Senate tenth district office. In 1968, he was elected as a Councilman-at-large, Group No. 3 to the Jacksonville City Council, with re-election victories in 1971 and 1975. His campaign for the Florida Senate, District 8 office, in 1978 was successful, a position he held until his death on February 1, 1986.\nOn both the local and state levels, Mr. Carlucci's political career was marked by his aggressive and forceful personality and he was often labeled a \"maverick\" for his lone but determined approach to confronting issues in which he believed strongly. As a Jacksonville City Council member, two of his more significant contributions were his legislation creating the Consumer Affairs Division of the City and his bill regulating the City's hiring of professional services which later served as a model for the state of Florida.\nDuring his seven-year tenure in the Florida Senate, many of his contributions were related to reforms of Florida's criminal justice system and child abuse laws. He also served on the Joint Legislative Auditing Committee and became known as \"the taxpayers' watchdog\" over questionable state expenditures. On a local level, he was particularly proud of legislation which established a lower division at the University of North Florida.\nMr. Carlucci was the recipient of numerous awards during his political career, chief among them being the Distinguished Councilman of the Year Award for 1968-69 and 1971-72. In addition, he was honored by various community service groups for his dedication to Jacksonville causes.\nHe was married to the former Louise Moore of Jacksonville and had two children: Michael and Matthew. In 1987, Matthew Carlucci followed in his father's footsteps as a Jacksonville City Councilman, serving as an at-large Council member to 1994. He rejoined the Council in 1999 as a district representative from San Marco / Southside and was elected City Council President for the 2001-2002 term. In August, 2002, he announced his candidacy for Mayor, but finished fourth in the April 15, 2003 election with 20 percent of the vote.","Note written by "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoe Carlucci Collection, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Joe Carlucci Collection, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains correspondence, administrative and subject files, and printed materials relating to Mr. Carlucci's political activities. Few personal items are included. Subject files provide detailed information on highly publicized and controversial Jacksonville, Florida issues (Offshore Power Systems, etc.) and prominent local individuals; extensive documentation on the site selection of the University of North Florida; and insights into the Hans Tanzler mayoral era of Jacksonville politics and government. The Carlucci Papers complement related collections on Jacksonville's government consolidation during the same time period: Richard A. Martin Papers; Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers; Jacksonville, Florida, Government Consolidation Collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains correspondence, administrative and subject files, and printed materials relating to Mr. Carlucci's political activities. Few personal items are included. Subject files provide detailed information on highly publicized and controversial Jacksonville, Florida issues (Offshore Power Systems, etc.) and prominent local individuals; extensive documentation on the site selection of the University of North Florida; and insights into the Hans Tanzler mayoral era of Jacksonville politics and government. The Carlucci Papers complement related collections on Jacksonville's government consolidation during the same time period: Richard A. Martin Papers; Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers; Jacksonville, Florida, Government Consolidation Collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"names_coll_ssim":["Jacksonville (Fla.) City Council.","University of North Florida.","Florida. Legislature. Senate.--Biography.","Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986"],"names_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","Jacksonville (Fla.) City Council.","University of North Florida.","Florida. Legislature. Senate.--Biography.","Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986"],"corpname_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","Jacksonville (Fla.) City Council.","University of North Florida.","Florida. Legislature. Senate.--Biography."],"persname_ssim":["Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"0d0bc0634a7ddd1c5d6bec45","timestamp":"2026-07-09T03:15:35.525Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/0d0bc0634a7ddd1c5d6bec45"}},{"id":"8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9_aspace_6997e20d8da00eda17d0d1c60b1fd3e1","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9_aspace_6997e20d8da00eda17d0d1c60b1fd3e1#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a USB Flash Drive which contains scanned copies of original letters, documents, photographs, manuscript biography, newspaper articles, and artifacts that belonged to Sparks.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9_aspace_6997e20d8da00eda17d0d1c60b1fd3e1#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_6997e20d8da00eda17d0d1c60b1fd3e1","ref_ssm":["aspace_6997e20d8da00eda17d0d1c60b1fd3e1","aspace_6997e20d8da00eda17d0d1c60b1fd3e1"],"id":"8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9_aspace_6997e20d8da00eda17d0d1c60b1fd3e1","title_filing_ssi":"Joe Gray Sparks papers","title_ssm":["Joe Gray Sparks papers"],"title_tesim":["Joe Gray Sparks papers"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1915-1994"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1915-1994"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994"],"text":["Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994","Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24","001","/repositories/10/archival_objects/178666","English","Single Folder Collections – 2019 Box","folder 19.0007-Folder 1","This folder contains a USB Flash Drive which contains scanned copies of original letters, documents, photographs, manuscript biography, newspaper articles, and artifacts that belonged to Sparks."],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["001","/repositories/10/archival_objects/178666"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"date_range_isim":[1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"language_ssim":["English"],"containers_ssim":["Single Folder Collections – 2019 Box","folder 19.0007-Folder 1"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a USB Flash Drive which contains scanned copies of original letters, documents, photographs, manuscript biography, newspaper articles, and artifacts that belonged to Sparks.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents Note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This folder contains a USB Flash Drive which contains scanned copies of original letters, documents, photographs, manuscript biography, newspaper articles, and artifacts that belonged to Sparks."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","_nest_parent_":"8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9","_root_":"8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9","timestamp":"2026-07-10T04:33:57.267Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9","title_filing_ssi":"Sparks, Joe Gray Papers","title_ssm":["Joe Gray Sparks papers"],"title_tesim":["Joe Gray Sparks papers"],"ead_ssi":"8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9","unitdate_ssm":["1915-1994","Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1915-1994"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["19.0007","/repositories/10/resources/1447"],"text":["19.0007","/repositories/10/resources/1447","Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24","World War, 1939-1945--China","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Pacific Ocean","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--China","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Burma","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--India","B-25 (Bomber)","This collection is open to all researchers.","Joe Gray Sparks was born May 9, 1915 in Douglas, AZ. His family lived in Tombstone, AZ until 1922 when they moved to Tucson, AZ. While in Tombstone, Sparks' father worked as a conductor on the El Paso Southwestern railroad. Tombstone had about 4000 people at that time. \nSparks started piano lessons in 1923 at age eight. He had lessons until age fifteen. For a short time, he went to school in Phoenix near where his aunt lived. However, he returned to Tucson.  He was invited two summers to a cattle ranch in Northern New Mexico where he had his own horse to ride and helped with the chores. At some point he changed schools and skipped a grade and had a hard time adjusting, missed his friends and did poorly in school. After two years, he graduated and entered Tucson High School in 1929.  \nWhile in high school, Sparks played the piano and participated in Boy Scouts. He worked in grocery stores and drug stores. He tried his own business selling Eskimo Pies to service stations and hospitals. He developed an interest in religion and read the Bible. He thought of becoming a minister.  \nSparks graduated from Tucson High School on May 26, 1933 at the age of eighteen. He wanted to join the army, but his sister persuaded him to do at least one year of college at University of Arizona, and he was admitted in 1933. He attended off and on for about six years.  \nFrom 1933 to 1939, while intermittently going to college, he had various jobs. He tutored the Arizona Boys Chorus from April 1-June 15th, 1933 to make up their school work while they were away on tour. He worked in the Santa Rita Mountains for a government soil erosion center typing reports, was secretary to a lawyer, taught typing at the Deaf and Blind School, worked for the Phantom Ranch in Colorado and the Circle Z Ranch near Patagonia, AZ.  \nIn May of 1938, he was appointed a Park Ranger at the North Rim of the Grand Canyon on the recommendation of Senator Carl Hayden who was a friend of his father's. This was a summer job. He hiked the Grand Canyon from rim to rim and took flights over the canyon with a friend. Those flights over the Canyon inspired Sparks' desire to become a pilot.  \nSparks joined the Army in September 1939. He received a letter of recommendation from the dean at University of Arizona to the Army Air Corp. The letter indicated that he had somewhat more than 2 years of college work at the University of Arizona with a scholarship record above average that included four semesters of military training. He was initially rejected from the Army Air Corp because he was underweight. In February of 1940, he joined the army as enlisted in Ft. Bliss, Texas.  At the time he entered the US Army in Ft. Bliss Texas as an enlisted man, he was employed as an assistant freight agent by the Southern Pacific Railroad which he found to be a dead-end job.  \nAfter a month at Ft. Bliss, Sparks was sent to Fort Ord, CA with the 3rd Infantry division (near Monterey) Another month later, he went to Moffat Field near Mountain View and Sunnyvale. He took leave to visit an Army Air Corp senior officer who recommended him for flying school as he had some college education.  \nSparks spent a total of six months as an enlisted man, then nine months as a flying cadet, one year as a 2nd Lieutenant, two years as a First Lieutenant, two years as a Captain and one year as a Major. Sparks had his primary flight training at Cal Aero in Glendale, California for three months, basic flight training at Randolph Field in Texas for 3 months, and then advanced flight training at Brooks Field in Texas for 3 months. He received his wings as a 2nd Lieutenant in February 8, of 1941. He was in the Army Air Corp Reserves at Kelly Field in San Antonio for a while.  \nIn February of 1941, Sparks was transferred to McChord Field in Washington and was there until May 1941. He was assigned to the 17th Bombardment Group and then the 12th Bombardment Group under Colonel Goodrich, and the 81st Squadron. When he first came to Tacoma in 1941, he met Patricia Fitz (to become his second wife). Sparks also spent some time in Spokane and Redding California (in December 1941) where he met Melba (who became his first wife). Pearl Harbor was bombed in early December and America entered WWII.  \nIn early 1942, Sparks transferred to Esler Field in the middle of Louisiana with the 81st Squadron until May of 1942.  He flew for a month at Wright Paterson in Ohio. In Louisiana, Sparks overshot the runway in a blinding rainstorm while landing. His CO was annoyed and thus made him commanding officer of part of the 11th Bomber Squadron that was sent to Karachi India by boat.  \nSparks left Columbia, South Carolina on a boat, the Santa Paula, in May 1942 travelling around the horn of Africa to India. He was the Commanding Officer of the 11th Bomb Squadron ground echelon. He arrived in Karachi India in July 1942. He helped build a camp in an old Indian armored division while they waited for replacement airplanes to arrive for a couple of months. Finally, seven B-25 bombers arrived, and he flew one to China in October 1942 with co-pilot Jimmy Routt where he joined the China Air Task Force. This was the 11th Bomber Squadron air echelon, stationed in Kunming, China. He participated in a series of bombing raids in eastern China, Hong Kong, Kweilin docks, and Haiphong under General Chenault and Colonel Bayse. He flew 30 combat bombing missions in China until January 1943 when he was transferred to Karachi to serve as a test pilot, formation training officer, and engineering officer for crews arriving in India under Captain Bramwell. He was there until April 1943 when he was sent to Kurmitola, India by train across India to set up an advance refueling station close to Burma.  \nIn July of 1943, Sparks was sent to Raniket for 2 weeks to rest camp in the Himalayas. Upon his return, he joined the 13th Squadron of the Air Transport Command at Chabua, India to fly C-47s over the Hump from India to China for a month. He was then sent to Agra where he ferried B-25 bombers into China. In October of 1943, he flew transports from Chabua to Kunming. He also flew C-47s around India from Bangalore, Andal to Chabua via Calcutta, India. In February 1944, Sparks was promoted to Captain and ordered to come home. He came home via Khartoum on a C47, Accra Africa on a C87, to Natal Brazil on a C-46 and then to Miami. ","\nArriving back in the US, he went home to see his family, then out to California to see Melba to propose marriage, but then had to quickly return Berry field in Nashville, Tennessee.  In Nashville, TN, he had the job of interviewing incoming pilots from overseas and reporting their qualifications to Cincinnati headquarters of the ferrying division of the Air Transport Command. He quite enjoyed this and did his best to get them stationed in jobs that they wanted.  \nHe married Melba Joyce Gloeckler on May 27, 1944 in Porterville, Calif. No members of his family were present. He had to return immediately to Nashville while she stayed in Los Angeles, and he found a place for them to live. They survived the summer in Nashville by sleeping in the basement of their rental house until he was assigned to Long Beach California in the fall. They drove there by car. They rented an apartment near the ocean and enjoyed swimming and dancing during time off.  \nSparks went on a long trip ferrying a B-24 heavy bomber to Australia a short time after he had been in Long Beach. He was gone almost a month and felt very lonesome. He flew to Hawaii, Canton, New Caledonia, Suara, Indonesia, and Ipswich and Brisbane, Australia. He liked Brisbane but only had three days there. He then flew back in a C-54.  \nSparks was transferred to Stockton, CA in July 1945 (while his wife stayed on Long Beach). He flew C-47s in the Military Transport Division for four months, transporting war wounded to hospitals around the country. He obtained a commercial pilot's license in October 1945. In early 1946, his instrument rating indicated that he had logged over 1000 flying hours. However, in his journal, he indicated that he had over 2000 flying hours.  \nIn late February 1946, Sparks drove out to the airfield in Stockton, California and shot himself through the left nipple with his 45-caliber service pistol. This was around the 5th anniversary of his becoming a pilot. He slumped forward onto the car horn and a passing farmer heard it and put him in the back of a hay wagon and drove him to the hospital. He was transferred to Letterman General Hospital in San Francisco where he remained until June 1946. Sparks received a promotion to Major.  His wife, Melba, then took him to a hospital in Long Beach where he received several electroshock treatments for depression and was finally discharged from the hospital in December 1946.  \nIn September 1946 he had a leave from the hospital and Sparks and Melba travelled about 3000 miles by car to Yellowstone, Yosemite, Grants Park, and Sequoia National Parks over a period of three weeks. He said in his diary that: \"We had decided before I left the hospital, we could not in all fairness hold our marriage together.\" \"We remained the best of friends and I used to send Melba gifts and money whenever she needed it.\"  \nIn December of 1946, Sparks spent Christmas with the Sparks family in Tucson, and Miami. Melba was not with him. He returned to his old room in his parent's home in Tucson. Melba filed for and was granted a divorce on January 23, 1947 in Los Angeles. Sparks received an honorable discharge from the Army Air Corp with the rank of Major in February 1947. ","Sparks moved to Tucson and spent most of 1947 and 1948 taking several college courses. On February 4, 1949, he married Patricia H. Fitz. He originally met her in Tacoma in 1941 and then became reacquainted with her in 1948 when they both were living in Tucson Arizona.  Sparks returned to college full time on the GI Bill and obtained a BA in business administration.  \nThe Sparks had two daughters, Patricia Jo Sparks in 1950 and Terri Lee Sparks in 1955. The Sparks were married for 45 years. Patricia cared for Joe throughout his many years of illness and was the primary wage earner of the family. His two daughters attended college, helped in part by the GI bill. His oldest daughter, Patricia obtained an MD degree in 1975 and practiced medicine as a specialist for 30 years. Their youngest daughter, Terri, obtained a master's degree in education and worked as a primary school teacher until her retirement.  \nSparks continued to suffer from bipolar disorder, primarily major depression. After 1960, he could not maintain employment and his disability assessment by the Veterans Administration was increase to 100% service-connected disability. Sparks passed away in 1994 at the age of 78 of kidney failure due to lithium toxicity.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection relates to Captain Joe Gray Sparks who served as a pilot with the 11 Bomb Squadron in the Pacific Theater during World War II.  This collection includes a flash memory drive containing scanned copies of letters, documents, photographs, manuscript biography, newspaper articles, and artifacts that belonged to Sparks.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["19.0007","/repositories/10/resources/1447"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"collection_title_tesim":["Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"collection_ssim":["Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945--China"],"geogname_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--China"],"creator_ssm":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"creator_ssim":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"creators_ssim":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"places_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--China"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Pacific Ocean","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--China","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Burma","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--India","B-25 (Bomber)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Pacific Ocean","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--China","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Burma","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--India","B-25 (Bomber)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 folders"],"extent_tesim":["1 folders"],"date_range_isim":[1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access Note"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joe Gray Sparks was born May 9, 1915 in Douglas, AZ. His family lived in Tombstone, AZ until 1922 when they moved to Tucson, AZ. While in Tombstone, Sparks' father worked as a conductor on the El Paso Southwestern railroad. Tombstone had about 4000 people at that time. \nSparks started piano lessons in 1923 at age eight. He had lessons until age fifteen. For a short time, he went to school in Phoenix near where his aunt lived. However, he returned to Tucson.  He was invited two summers to a cattle ranch in Northern New Mexico where he had his own horse to ride and helped with the chores. At some point he changed schools and skipped a grade and had a hard time adjusting, missed his friends and did poorly in school. After two years, he graduated and entered Tucson High School in 1929.  \nWhile in high school, Sparks played the piano and participated in Boy Scouts. He worked in grocery stores and drug stores. He tried his own business selling Eskimo Pies to service stations and hospitals. He developed an interest in religion and read the Bible. He thought of becoming a minister.  \nSparks graduated from Tucson High School on May 26, 1933 at the age of eighteen. He wanted to join the army, but his sister persuaded him to do at least one year of college at University of Arizona, and he was admitted in 1933. He attended off and on for about six years.  \nFrom 1933 to 1939, while intermittently going to college, he had various jobs. He tutored the Arizona Boys Chorus from April 1-June 15th, 1933 to make up their school work while they were away on tour. He worked in the Santa Rita Mountains for a government soil erosion center typing reports, was secretary to a lawyer, taught typing at the Deaf and Blind School, worked for the Phantom Ranch in Colorado and the Circle Z Ranch near Patagonia, AZ.  \nIn May of 1938, he was appointed a Park Ranger at the North Rim of the Grand Canyon on the recommendation of Senator Carl Hayden who was a friend of his father's. This was a summer job. He hiked the Grand Canyon from rim to rim and took flights over the canyon with a friend. Those flights over the Canyon inspired Sparks' desire to become a pilot.  \nSparks joined the Army in September 1939. He received a letter of recommendation from the dean at University of Arizona to the Army Air Corp. The letter indicated that he had somewhat more than 2 years of college work at the University of Arizona with a scholarship record above average that included four semesters of military training. He was initially rejected from the Army Air Corp because he was underweight. In February of 1940, he joined the army as enlisted in Ft. Bliss, Texas.  At the time he entered the US Army in Ft. Bliss Texas as an enlisted man, he was employed as an assistant freight agent by the Southern Pacific Railroad which he found to be a dead-end job.  \nAfter a month at Ft. Bliss, Sparks was sent to Fort Ord, CA with the 3rd Infantry division (near Monterey) Another month later, he went to Moffat Field near Mountain View and Sunnyvale. He took leave to visit an Army Air Corp senior officer who recommended him for flying school as he had some college education.  \nSparks spent a total of six months as an enlisted man, then nine months as a flying cadet, one year as a 2nd Lieutenant, two years as a First Lieutenant, two years as a Captain and one year as a Major. Sparks had his primary flight training at Cal Aero in Glendale, California for three months, basic flight training at Randolph Field in Texas for 3 months, and then advanced flight training at Brooks Field in Texas for 3 months. He received his wings as a 2nd Lieutenant in February 8, of 1941. He was in the Army Air Corp Reserves at Kelly Field in San Antonio for a while.  \nIn February of 1941, Sparks was transferred to McChord Field in Washington and was there until May 1941. He was assigned to the 17th Bombardment Group and then the 12th Bombardment Group under Colonel Goodrich, and the 81st Squadron. When he first came to Tacoma in 1941, he met Patricia Fitz (to become his second wife). Sparks also spent some time in Spokane and Redding California (in December 1941) where he met Melba (who became his first wife). Pearl Harbor was bombed in early December and America entered WWII.  \nIn early 1942, Sparks transferred to Esler Field in the middle of Louisiana with the 81st Squadron until May of 1942.  He flew for a month at Wright Paterson in Ohio. In Louisiana, Sparks overshot the runway in a blinding rainstorm while landing. His CO was annoyed and thus made him commanding officer of part of the 11th Bomber Squadron that was sent to Karachi India by boat.  \nSparks left Columbia, South Carolina on a boat, the Santa Paula, in May 1942 travelling around the horn of Africa to India. He was the Commanding Officer of the 11th Bomb Squadron ground echelon. He arrived in Karachi India in July 1942. He helped build a camp in an old Indian armored division while they waited for replacement airplanes to arrive for a couple of months. Finally, seven B-25 bombers arrived, and he flew one to China in October 1942 with co-pilot Jimmy Routt where he joined the China Air Task Force. This was the 11th Bomber Squadron air echelon, stationed in Kunming, China. He participated in a series of bombing raids in eastern China, Hong Kong, Kweilin docks, and Haiphong under General Chenault and Colonel Bayse. He flew 30 combat bombing missions in China until January 1943 when he was transferred to Karachi to serve as a test pilot, formation training officer, and engineering officer for crews arriving in India under Captain Bramwell. He was there until April 1943 when he was sent to Kurmitola, India by train across India to set up an advance refueling station close to Burma.  \nIn July of 1943, Sparks was sent to Raniket for 2 weeks to rest camp in the Himalayas. Upon his return, he joined the 13th Squadron of the Air Transport Command at Chabua, India to fly C-47s over the Hump from India to China for a month. He was then sent to Agra where he ferried B-25 bombers into China. In October of 1943, he flew transports from Chabua to Kunming. He also flew C-47s around India from Bangalore, Andal to Chabua via Calcutta, India. In February 1944, Sparks was promoted to Captain and ordered to come home. He came home via Khartoum on a C47, Accra Africa on a C87, to Natal Brazil on a C-46 and then to Miami. ","\nArriving back in the US, he went home to see his family, then out to California to see Melba to propose marriage, but then had to quickly return Berry field in Nashville, Tennessee.  In Nashville, TN, he had the job of interviewing incoming pilots from overseas and reporting their qualifications to Cincinnati headquarters of the ferrying division of the Air Transport Command. He quite enjoyed this and did his best to get them stationed in jobs that they wanted.  \nHe married Melba Joyce Gloeckler on May 27, 1944 in Porterville, Calif. No members of his family were present. He had to return immediately to Nashville while she stayed in Los Angeles, and he found a place for them to live. They survived the summer in Nashville by sleeping in the basement of their rental house until he was assigned to Long Beach California in the fall. They drove there by car. They rented an apartment near the ocean and enjoyed swimming and dancing during time off.  \nSparks went on a long trip ferrying a B-24 heavy bomber to Australia a short time after he had been in Long Beach. He was gone almost a month and felt very lonesome. He flew to Hawaii, Canton, New Caledonia, Suara, Indonesia, and Ipswich and Brisbane, Australia. He liked Brisbane but only had three days there. He then flew back in a C-54.  \nSparks was transferred to Stockton, CA in July 1945 (while his wife stayed on Long Beach). He flew C-47s in the Military Transport Division for four months, transporting war wounded to hospitals around the country. He obtained a commercial pilot's license in October 1945. In early 1946, his instrument rating indicated that he had logged over 1000 flying hours. However, in his journal, he indicated that he had over 2000 flying hours.  \nIn late February 1946, Sparks drove out to the airfield in Stockton, California and shot himself through the left nipple with his 45-caliber service pistol. This was around the 5th anniversary of his becoming a pilot. He slumped forward onto the car horn and a passing farmer heard it and put him in the back of a hay wagon and drove him to the hospital. He was transferred to Letterman General Hospital in San Francisco where he remained until June 1946. Sparks received a promotion to Major.  His wife, Melba, then took him to a hospital in Long Beach where he received several electroshock treatments for depression and was finally discharged from the hospital in December 1946.  \nIn September 1946 he had a leave from the hospital and Sparks and Melba travelled about 3000 miles by car to Yellowstone, Yosemite, Grants Park, and Sequoia National Parks over a period of three weeks. He said in his diary that: \"We had decided before I left the hospital, we could not in all fairness hold our marriage together.\" \"We remained the best of friends and I used to send Melba gifts and money whenever she needed it.\"  \nIn December of 1946, Sparks spent Christmas with the Sparks family in Tucson, and Miami. Melba was not with him. He returned to his old room in his parent's home in Tucson. Melba filed for and was granted a divorce on January 23, 1947 in Los Angeles. Sparks received an honorable discharge from the Army Air Corp with the rank of Major in February 1947. ","Sparks moved to Tucson and spent most of 1947 and 1948 taking several college courses. On February 4, 1949, he married Patricia H. Fitz. He originally met her in Tacoma in 1941 and then became reacquainted with her in 1948 when they both were living in Tucson Arizona.  Sparks returned to college full time on the GI Bill and obtained a BA in business administration.  \nThe Sparks had two daughters, Patricia Jo Sparks in 1950 and Terri Lee Sparks in 1955. The Sparks were married for 45 years. Patricia cared for Joe throughout his many years of illness and was the primary wage earner of the family. His two daughters attended college, helped in part by the GI bill. His oldest daughter, Patricia obtained an MD degree in 1975 and practiced medicine as a specialist for 30 years. Their youngest daughter, Terri, obtained a master's degree in education and worked as a primary school teacher until her retirement.  \nSparks continued to suffer from bipolar disorder, primarily major depression. After 1960, he could not maintain employment and his disability assessment by the Veterans Administration was increase to 100% service-connected disability. Sparks passed away in 1994 at the age of 78 of kidney failure due to lithium toxicity."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Joe Gray Sparks papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_19_0007\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_19_0007\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Joe Gray Sparks papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_19_0007"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Captain Joe Gray Sparks who served as a pilot with the 11 Bomb Squadron in the Pacific Theater during World War II.  This collection includes a flash memory drive containing scanned copies of letters, documents, photographs, manuscript biography, newspaper articles, and artifacts that belonged to Sparks.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to Captain Joe Gray Sparks who served as a pilot with the 11 Bomb Squadron in the Pacific Theater during World War II.  This collection includes a flash memory drive containing scanned copies of letters, documents, photographs, manuscript biography, newspaper articles, and artifacts that belonged to Sparks."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use Note"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"persname_ssim":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9","timestamp":"2026-07-10T04:33:57.267Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoe Gray Sparks was born May 9, 1915 in Douglas, AZ. His family lived in Tombstone, AZ until 1922 when they moved to Tucson, AZ. While in Tombstone, Sparks' father worked as a conductor on the El Paso Southwestern railroad. Tombstone had about 4000 people at that time.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks started piano lessons in 1923 at age eight. He had lessons until age fifteen. For a short time, he went to school in Phoenix near where his aunt lived. However, he returned to Tucson.  He was invited two summers to a cattle ranch in Northern New Mexico where he had his own horse to ride and helped with the chores. At some point he changed schools and skipped a grade and had a hard time adjusting, missed his friends and did poorly in school. After two years, he graduated and entered Tucson High School in 1929. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nWhile in high school, Sparks played the piano and participated in Boy Scouts. He worked in grocery stores and drug stores. He tried his own business selling Eskimo Pies to service stations and hospitals. He developed an interest in religion and read the Bible. He thought of becoming a minister. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks graduated from Tucson High School on May 26, 1933 at the age of eighteen. He wanted to join the army, but his sister persuaded him to do at least one year of college at University of Arizona, and he was admitted in 1933. He attended off and on for about six years. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nFrom 1933 to 1939, while intermittently going to college, he had various jobs. He tutored the Arizona Boys Chorus from April 1-June 15th, 1933 to make up their school work while they were away on tour. He worked in the Santa Rita Mountains for a government soil erosion center typing reports, was secretary to a lawyer, taught typing at the Deaf and Blind School, worked for the Phantom Ranch in Colorado and the Circle Z Ranch near Patagonia, AZ. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn May of 1938, he was appointed a Park Ranger at the North Rim of the Grand Canyon on the recommendation of Senator Carl Hayden who was a friend of his father's. This was a summer job. He hiked the Grand Canyon from rim to rim and took flights over the canyon with a friend. Those flights over the Canyon inspired Sparks' desire to become a pilot. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks joined the Army in September 1939. He received a letter of recommendation from the dean at University of Arizona to the Army Air Corp. The letter indicated that he had somewhat more than 2 years of college work at the University of Arizona with a scholarship record above average that included four semesters of military training. He was initially rejected from the Army Air Corp because he was underweight. In February of 1940, he joined the army as enlisted in Ft. Bliss, Texas.  At the time he entered the US Army in Ft. Bliss Texas as an enlisted man, he was employed as an assistant freight agent by the Southern Pacific Railroad which he found to be a dead-end job. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAfter a month at Ft. Bliss, Sparks was sent to Fort Ord, CA with the 3rd Infantry division (near Monterey) Another month later, he went to Moffat Field near Mountain View and Sunnyvale. He took leave to visit an Army Air Corp senior officer who recommended him for flying school as he had some college education. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks spent a total of six months as an enlisted man, then nine months as a flying cadet, one year as a 2nd Lieutenant, two years as a First Lieutenant, two years as a Captain and one year as a Major. Sparks had his primary flight training at Cal Aero in Glendale, California for three months, basic flight training at Randolph Field in Texas for 3 months, and then advanced flight training at Brooks Field in Texas for 3 months. He received his wings as a 2nd Lieutenant in February 8, of 1941. He was in the Army Air Corp Reserves at Kelly Field in San Antonio for a while. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn February of 1941, Sparks was transferred to McChord Field in Washington and was there until May 1941. He was assigned to the 17th Bombardment Group and then the 12th Bombardment Group under Colonel Goodrich, and the 81st Squadron. When he first came to Tacoma in 1941, he met Patricia Fitz (to become his second wife). Sparks also spent some time in Spokane and Redding California (in December 1941) where he met Melba (who became his first wife). Pearl Harbor was bombed in early December and America entered WWII. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn early 1942, Sparks transferred to Esler Field in the middle of Louisiana with the 81st Squadron until May of 1942.  He flew for a month at Wright Paterson in Ohio. In Louisiana, Sparks overshot the runway in a blinding rainstorm while landing. His CO was annoyed and thus made him commanding officer of part of the 11th Bomber Squadron that was sent to Karachi India by boat. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks left Columbia, South Carolina on a boat, the Santa Paula, in May 1942 travelling around the horn of Africa to India. He was the Commanding Officer of the 11th Bomb Squadron ground echelon. He arrived in Karachi India in July 1942. He helped build a camp in an old Indian armored division while they waited for replacement airplanes to arrive for a couple of months. Finally, seven B-25 bombers arrived, and he flew one to China in October 1942 with co-pilot Jimmy Routt where he joined the China Air Task Force. This was the 11th Bomber Squadron air echelon, stationed in Kunming, China. He participated in a series of bombing raids in eastern China, Hong Kong, Kweilin docks, and Haiphong under General Chenault and Colonel Bayse. He flew 30 combat bombing missions in China until January 1943 when he was transferred to Karachi to serve as a test pilot, formation training officer, and engineering officer for crews arriving in India under Captain Bramwell. He was there until April 1943 when he was sent to Kurmitola, India by train across India to set up an advance refueling station close to Burma. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn July of 1943, Sparks was sent to Raniket for 2 weeks to rest camp in the Himalayas. Upon his return, he joined the 13th Squadron of the Air Transport Command at Chabua, India to fly C-47s over the Hump from India to China for a month. He was then sent to Agra where he ferried B-25 bombers into China. In October of 1943, he flew transports from Chabua to Kunming. He also flew C-47s around India from Bangalore, Andal to Chabua via Calcutta, India. In February 1944, Sparks was promoted to Captain and ordered to come home. He came home via Khartoum on a C47, Accra Africa on a C87, to Natal Brazil on a C-46 and then to Miami. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nArriving back in the US, he went home to see his family, then out to California to see Melba to propose marriage, but then had to quickly return Berry field in Nashville, Tennessee.  In Nashville, TN, he had the job of interviewing incoming pilots from overseas and reporting their qualifications to Cincinnati headquarters of the ferrying division of the Air Transport Command. He quite enjoyed this and did his best to get them stationed in jobs that they wanted. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nHe married Melba Joyce Gloeckler on May 27, 1944 in Porterville, Calif. No members of his family were present. He had to return immediately to Nashville while she stayed in Los Angeles, and he found a place for them to live. They survived the summer in Nashville by sleeping in the basement of their rental house until he was assigned to Long Beach California in the fall. They drove there by car. They rented an apartment near the ocean and enjoyed swimming and dancing during time off. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks went on a long trip ferrying a B-24 heavy bomber to Australia a short time after he had been in Long Beach. He was gone almost a month and felt very lonesome. He flew to Hawaii, Canton, New Caledonia, Suara, Indonesia, and Ipswich and Brisbane, Australia. He liked Brisbane but only had three days there. He then flew back in a C-54. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks was transferred to Stockton, CA in July 1945 (while his wife stayed on Long Beach). He flew C-47s in the Military Transport Division for four months, transporting war wounded to hospitals around the country. He obtained a commercial pilot's license in October 1945. In early 1946, his instrument rating indicated that he had logged over 1000 flying hours. However, in his journal, he indicated that he had over 2000 flying hours. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn late February 1946, Sparks drove out to the airfield in Stockton, California and shot himself through the left nipple with his 45-caliber service pistol. This was around the 5th anniversary of his becoming a pilot. He slumped forward onto the car horn and a passing farmer heard it and put him in the back of a hay wagon and drove him to the hospital. He was transferred to Letterman General Hospital in San Francisco where he remained until June 1946. Sparks received a promotion to Major.  His wife, Melba, then took him to a hospital in Long Beach where he received several electroshock treatments for depression and was finally discharged from the hospital in December 1946. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn September 1946 he had a leave from the hospital and Sparks and Melba travelled about 3000 miles by car to Yellowstone, Yosemite, Grants Park, and Sequoia National Parks over a period of three weeks. He said in his diary that: \"We had decided before I left the hospital, we could not in all fairness hold our marriage together.\" \"We remained the best of friends and I used to send Melba gifts and money whenever she needed it.\" \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn December of 1946, Sparks spent Christmas with the Sparks family in Tucson, and Miami. Melba was not with him. He returned to his old room in his parent's home in Tucson. Melba filed for and was granted a divorce on January 23, 1947 in Los Angeles. Sparks received an honorable discharge from the Army Air Corp with the rank of Major in February 1947. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSparks moved to Tucson and spent most of 1947 and 1948 taking several college courses. On February 4, 1949, he married Patricia H. Fitz. He originally met her in Tacoma in 1941 and then became reacquainted with her in 1948 when they both were living in Tucson Arizona.  Sparks returned to college full time on the GI Bill and obtained a BA in business administration. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThe Sparks had two daughters, Patricia Jo Sparks in 1950 and Terri Lee Sparks in 1955. The Sparks were married for 45 years. Patricia cared for Joe throughout his many years of illness and was the primary wage earner of the family. His two daughters attended college, helped in part by the GI bill. His oldest daughter, Patricia obtained an MD degree in 1975 and practiced medicine as a specialist for 30 years. Their youngest daughter, Terri, obtained a master's degree in education and worked as a primary school teacher until her retirement. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks continued to suffer from bipolar disorder, primarily major depression. After 1960, he could not maintain employment and his disability assessment by the Veterans Administration was increase to 100% service-connected disability. Sparks passed away in 1994 at the age of 78 of kidney failure due to lithium toxicity.\u003c/p\u003e"]}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9_aspace_6997e20d8da00eda17d0d1c60b1fd3e1"}},{"id":"8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Captain Joe Gray Sparks who served as a pilot with the 11 Bomb Squadron in the Pacific Theater during World War II. This collection includes a flash memory drive containing scanned copies of letters, documents, photographs, manuscript biography, newspaper articles, and artifacts that belonged to Sparks.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9","title_filing_ssi":"Sparks, Joe Gray Papers","title_ssm":["Joe Gray Sparks papers"],"title_tesim":["Joe Gray Sparks papers"],"ead_ssi":"8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9","unitdate_ssm":["1915-1994","Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1915-1994"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["19.0007","/repositories/10/resources/1447"],"text":["19.0007","/repositories/10/resources/1447","Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24","World War, 1939-1945--China","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Pacific Ocean","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--China","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Burma","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--India","B-25 (Bomber)","This collection is open to all researchers.","Joe Gray Sparks was born May 9, 1915 in Douglas, AZ. His family lived in Tombstone, AZ until 1922 when they moved to Tucson, AZ. While in Tombstone, Sparks' father worked as a conductor on the El Paso Southwestern railroad. Tombstone had about 4000 people at that time. \nSparks started piano lessons in 1923 at age eight. He had lessons until age fifteen. For a short time, he went to school in Phoenix near where his aunt lived. However, he returned to Tucson.  He was invited two summers to a cattle ranch in Northern New Mexico where he had his own horse to ride and helped with the chores. At some point he changed schools and skipped a grade and had a hard time adjusting, missed his friends and did poorly in school. After two years, he graduated and entered Tucson High School in 1929.  \nWhile in high school, Sparks played the piano and participated in Boy Scouts. He worked in grocery stores and drug stores. He tried his own business selling Eskimo Pies to service stations and hospitals. He developed an interest in religion and read the Bible. He thought of becoming a minister.  \nSparks graduated from Tucson High School on May 26, 1933 at the age of eighteen. He wanted to join the army, but his sister persuaded him to do at least one year of college at University of Arizona, and he was admitted in 1933. He attended off and on for about six years.  \nFrom 1933 to 1939, while intermittently going to college, he had various jobs. He tutored the Arizona Boys Chorus from April 1-June 15th, 1933 to make up their school work while they were away on tour. He worked in the Santa Rita Mountains for a government soil erosion center typing reports, was secretary to a lawyer, taught typing at the Deaf and Blind School, worked for the Phantom Ranch in Colorado and the Circle Z Ranch near Patagonia, AZ.  \nIn May of 1938, he was appointed a Park Ranger at the North Rim of the Grand Canyon on the recommendation of Senator Carl Hayden who was a friend of his father's. This was a summer job. He hiked the Grand Canyon from rim to rim and took flights over the canyon with a friend. Those flights over the Canyon inspired Sparks' desire to become a pilot.  \nSparks joined the Army in September 1939. He received a letter of recommendation from the dean at University of Arizona to the Army Air Corp. The letter indicated that he had somewhat more than 2 years of college work at the University of Arizona with a scholarship record above average that included four semesters of military training. He was initially rejected from the Army Air Corp because he was underweight. In February of 1940, he joined the army as enlisted in Ft. Bliss, Texas.  At the time he entered the US Army in Ft. Bliss Texas as an enlisted man, he was employed as an assistant freight agent by the Southern Pacific Railroad which he found to be a dead-end job.  \nAfter a month at Ft. Bliss, Sparks was sent to Fort Ord, CA with the 3rd Infantry division (near Monterey) Another month later, he went to Moffat Field near Mountain View and Sunnyvale. He took leave to visit an Army Air Corp senior officer who recommended him for flying school as he had some college education.  \nSparks spent a total of six months as an enlisted man, then nine months as a flying cadet, one year as a 2nd Lieutenant, two years as a First Lieutenant, two years as a Captain and one year as a Major. Sparks had his primary flight training at Cal Aero in Glendale, California for three months, basic flight training at Randolph Field in Texas for 3 months, and then advanced flight training at Brooks Field in Texas for 3 months. He received his wings as a 2nd Lieutenant in February 8, of 1941. He was in the Army Air Corp Reserves at Kelly Field in San Antonio for a while.  \nIn February of 1941, Sparks was transferred to McChord Field in Washington and was there until May 1941. He was assigned to the 17th Bombardment Group and then the 12th Bombardment Group under Colonel Goodrich, and the 81st Squadron. When he first came to Tacoma in 1941, he met Patricia Fitz (to become his second wife). Sparks also spent some time in Spokane and Redding California (in December 1941) where he met Melba (who became his first wife). Pearl Harbor was bombed in early December and America entered WWII.  \nIn early 1942, Sparks transferred to Esler Field in the middle of Louisiana with the 81st Squadron until May of 1942.  He flew for a month at Wright Paterson in Ohio. In Louisiana, Sparks overshot the runway in a blinding rainstorm while landing. His CO was annoyed and thus made him commanding officer of part of the 11th Bomber Squadron that was sent to Karachi India by boat.  \nSparks left Columbia, South Carolina on a boat, the Santa Paula, in May 1942 travelling around the horn of Africa to India. He was the Commanding Officer of the 11th Bomb Squadron ground echelon. He arrived in Karachi India in July 1942. He helped build a camp in an old Indian armored division while they waited for replacement airplanes to arrive for a couple of months. Finally, seven B-25 bombers arrived, and he flew one to China in October 1942 with co-pilot Jimmy Routt where he joined the China Air Task Force. This was the 11th Bomber Squadron air echelon, stationed in Kunming, China. He participated in a series of bombing raids in eastern China, Hong Kong, Kweilin docks, and Haiphong under General Chenault and Colonel Bayse. He flew 30 combat bombing missions in China until January 1943 when he was transferred to Karachi to serve as a test pilot, formation training officer, and engineering officer for crews arriving in India under Captain Bramwell. He was there until April 1943 when he was sent to Kurmitola, India by train across India to set up an advance refueling station close to Burma.  \nIn July of 1943, Sparks was sent to Raniket for 2 weeks to rest camp in the Himalayas. Upon his return, he joined the 13th Squadron of the Air Transport Command at Chabua, India to fly C-47s over the Hump from India to China for a month. He was then sent to Agra where he ferried B-25 bombers into China. In October of 1943, he flew transports from Chabua to Kunming. He also flew C-47s around India from Bangalore, Andal to Chabua via Calcutta, India. In February 1944, Sparks was promoted to Captain and ordered to come home. He came home via Khartoum on a C47, Accra Africa on a C87, to Natal Brazil on a C-46 and then to Miami. ","\nArriving back in the US, he went home to see his family, then out to California to see Melba to propose marriage, but then had to quickly return Berry field in Nashville, Tennessee.  In Nashville, TN, he had the job of interviewing incoming pilots from overseas and reporting their qualifications to Cincinnati headquarters of the ferrying division of the Air Transport Command. He quite enjoyed this and did his best to get them stationed in jobs that they wanted.  \nHe married Melba Joyce Gloeckler on May 27, 1944 in Porterville, Calif. No members of his family were present. He had to return immediately to Nashville while she stayed in Los Angeles, and he found a place for them to live. They survived the summer in Nashville by sleeping in the basement of their rental house until he was assigned to Long Beach California in the fall. They drove there by car. They rented an apartment near the ocean and enjoyed swimming and dancing during time off.  \nSparks went on a long trip ferrying a B-24 heavy bomber to Australia a short time after he had been in Long Beach. He was gone almost a month and felt very lonesome. He flew to Hawaii, Canton, New Caledonia, Suara, Indonesia, and Ipswich and Brisbane, Australia. He liked Brisbane but only had three days there. He then flew back in a C-54.  \nSparks was transferred to Stockton, CA in July 1945 (while his wife stayed on Long Beach). He flew C-47s in the Military Transport Division for four months, transporting war wounded to hospitals around the country. He obtained a commercial pilot's license in October 1945. In early 1946, his instrument rating indicated that he had logged over 1000 flying hours. However, in his journal, he indicated that he had over 2000 flying hours.  \nIn late February 1946, Sparks drove out to the airfield in Stockton, California and shot himself through the left nipple with his 45-caliber service pistol. This was around the 5th anniversary of his becoming a pilot. He slumped forward onto the car horn and a passing farmer heard it and put him in the back of a hay wagon and drove him to the hospital. He was transferred to Letterman General Hospital in San Francisco where he remained until June 1946. Sparks received a promotion to Major.  His wife, Melba, then took him to a hospital in Long Beach where he received several electroshock treatments for depression and was finally discharged from the hospital in December 1946.  \nIn September 1946 he had a leave from the hospital and Sparks and Melba travelled about 3000 miles by car to Yellowstone, Yosemite, Grants Park, and Sequoia National Parks over a period of three weeks. He said in his diary that: \"We had decided before I left the hospital, we could not in all fairness hold our marriage together.\" \"We remained the best of friends and I used to send Melba gifts and money whenever she needed it.\"  \nIn December of 1946, Sparks spent Christmas with the Sparks family in Tucson, and Miami. Melba was not with him. He returned to his old room in his parent's home in Tucson. Melba filed for and was granted a divorce on January 23, 1947 in Los Angeles. Sparks received an honorable discharge from the Army Air Corp with the rank of Major in February 1947. ","Sparks moved to Tucson and spent most of 1947 and 1948 taking several college courses. On February 4, 1949, he married Patricia H. Fitz. He originally met her in Tacoma in 1941 and then became reacquainted with her in 1948 when they both were living in Tucson Arizona.  Sparks returned to college full time on the GI Bill and obtained a BA in business administration.  \nThe Sparks had two daughters, Patricia Jo Sparks in 1950 and Terri Lee Sparks in 1955. The Sparks were married for 45 years. Patricia cared for Joe throughout his many years of illness and was the primary wage earner of the family. His two daughters attended college, helped in part by the GI bill. His oldest daughter, Patricia obtained an MD degree in 1975 and practiced medicine as a specialist for 30 years. Their youngest daughter, Terri, obtained a master's degree in education and worked as a primary school teacher until her retirement.  \nSparks continued to suffer from bipolar disorder, primarily major depression. After 1960, he could not maintain employment and his disability assessment by the Veterans Administration was increase to 100% service-connected disability. Sparks passed away in 1994 at the age of 78 of kidney failure due to lithium toxicity.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection relates to Captain Joe Gray Sparks who served as a pilot with the 11 Bomb Squadron in the Pacific Theater during World War II.  This collection includes a flash memory drive containing scanned copies of letters, documents, photographs, manuscript biography, newspaper articles, and artifacts that belonged to Sparks.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["19.0007","/repositories/10/resources/1447"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"collection_title_tesim":["Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"collection_ssim":["Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945--China"],"geogname_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--China"],"creator_ssm":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"creator_ssim":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"creators_ssim":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"places_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--China"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Pacific Ocean","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--China","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Burma","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--India","B-25 (Bomber)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Pacific Ocean","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--China","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Burma","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--India","B-25 (Bomber)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 folders"],"extent_tesim":["1 folders"],"date_range_isim":[1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access Note"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joe Gray Sparks was born May 9, 1915 in Douglas, AZ. His family lived in Tombstone, AZ until 1922 when they moved to Tucson, AZ. While in Tombstone, Sparks' father worked as a conductor on the El Paso Southwestern railroad. Tombstone had about 4000 people at that time. \nSparks started piano lessons in 1923 at age eight. He had lessons until age fifteen. For a short time, he went to school in Phoenix near where his aunt lived. However, he returned to Tucson.  He was invited two summers to a cattle ranch in Northern New Mexico where he had his own horse to ride and helped with the chores. At some point he changed schools and skipped a grade and had a hard time adjusting, missed his friends and did poorly in school. After two years, he graduated and entered Tucson High School in 1929.  \nWhile in high school, Sparks played the piano and participated in Boy Scouts. He worked in grocery stores and drug stores. He tried his own business selling Eskimo Pies to service stations and hospitals. He developed an interest in religion and read the Bible. He thought of becoming a minister.  \nSparks graduated from Tucson High School on May 26, 1933 at the age of eighteen. He wanted to join the army, but his sister persuaded him to do at least one year of college at University of Arizona, and he was admitted in 1933. He attended off and on for about six years.  \nFrom 1933 to 1939, while intermittently going to college, he had various jobs. He tutored the Arizona Boys Chorus from April 1-June 15th, 1933 to make up their school work while they were away on tour. He worked in the Santa Rita Mountains for a government soil erosion center typing reports, was secretary to a lawyer, taught typing at the Deaf and Blind School, worked for the Phantom Ranch in Colorado and the Circle Z Ranch near Patagonia, AZ.  \nIn May of 1938, he was appointed a Park Ranger at the North Rim of the Grand Canyon on the recommendation of Senator Carl Hayden who was a friend of his father's. This was a summer job. He hiked the Grand Canyon from rim to rim and took flights over the canyon with a friend. Those flights over the Canyon inspired Sparks' desire to become a pilot.  \nSparks joined the Army in September 1939. He received a letter of recommendation from the dean at University of Arizona to the Army Air Corp. The letter indicated that he had somewhat more than 2 years of college work at the University of Arizona with a scholarship record above average that included four semesters of military training. He was initially rejected from the Army Air Corp because he was underweight. In February of 1940, he joined the army as enlisted in Ft. Bliss, Texas.  At the time he entered the US Army in Ft. Bliss Texas as an enlisted man, he was employed as an assistant freight agent by the Southern Pacific Railroad which he found to be a dead-end job.  \nAfter a month at Ft. Bliss, Sparks was sent to Fort Ord, CA with the 3rd Infantry division (near Monterey) Another month later, he went to Moffat Field near Mountain View and Sunnyvale. He took leave to visit an Army Air Corp senior officer who recommended him for flying school as he had some college education.  \nSparks spent a total of six months as an enlisted man, then nine months as a flying cadet, one year as a 2nd Lieutenant, two years as a First Lieutenant, two years as a Captain and one year as a Major. Sparks had his primary flight training at Cal Aero in Glendale, California for three months, basic flight training at Randolph Field in Texas for 3 months, and then advanced flight training at Brooks Field in Texas for 3 months. He received his wings as a 2nd Lieutenant in February 8, of 1941. He was in the Army Air Corp Reserves at Kelly Field in San Antonio for a while.  \nIn February of 1941, Sparks was transferred to McChord Field in Washington and was there until May 1941. He was assigned to the 17th Bombardment Group and then the 12th Bombardment Group under Colonel Goodrich, and the 81st Squadron. When he first came to Tacoma in 1941, he met Patricia Fitz (to become his second wife). Sparks also spent some time in Spokane and Redding California (in December 1941) where he met Melba (who became his first wife). Pearl Harbor was bombed in early December and America entered WWII.  \nIn early 1942, Sparks transferred to Esler Field in the middle of Louisiana with the 81st Squadron until May of 1942.  He flew for a month at Wright Paterson in Ohio. In Louisiana, Sparks overshot the runway in a blinding rainstorm while landing. His CO was annoyed and thus made him commanding officer of part of the 11th Bomber Squadron that was sent to Karachi India by boat.  \nSparks left Columbia, South Carolina on a boat, the Santa Paula, in May 1942 travelling around the horn of Africa to India. He was the Commanding Officer of the 11th Bomb Squadron ground echelon. He arrived in Karachi India in July 1942. He helped build a camp in an old Indian armored division while they waited for replacement airplanes to arrive for a couple of months. Finally, seven B-25 bombers arrived, and he flew one to China in October 1942 with co-pilot Jimmy Routt where he joined the China Air Task Force. This was the 11th Bomber Squadron air echelon, stationed in Kunming, China. He participated in a series of bombing raids in eastern China, Hong Kong, Kweilin docks, and Haiphong under General Chenault and Colonel Bayse. He flew 30 combat bombing missions in China until January 1943 when he was transferred to Karachi to serve as a test pilot, formation training officer, and engineering officer for crews arriving in India under Captain Bramwell. He was there until April 1943 when he was sent to Kurmitola, India by train across India to set up an advance refueling station close to Burma.  \nIn July of 1943, Sparks was sent to Raniket for 2 weeks to rest camp in the Himalayas. Upon his return, he joined the 13th Squadron of the Air Transport Command at Chabua, India to fly C-47s over the Hump from India to China for a month. He was then sent to Agra where he ferried B-25 bombers into China. In October of 1943, he flew transports from Chabua to Kunming. He also flew C-47s around India from Bangalore, Andal to Chabua via Calcutta, India. In February 1944, Sparks was promoted to Captain and ordered to come home. He came home via Khartoum on a C47, Accra Africa on a C87, to Natal Brazil on a C-46 and then to Miami. ","\nArriving back in the US, he went home to see his family, then out to California to see Melba to propose marriage, but then had to quickly return Berry field in Nashville, Tennessee.  In Nashville, TN, he had the job of interviewing incoming pilots from overseas and reporting their qualifications to Cincinnati headquarters of the ferrying division of the Air Transport Command. He quite enjoyed this and did his best to get them stationed in jobs that they wanted.  \nHe married Melba Joyce Gloeckler on May 27, 1944 in Porterville, Calif. No members of his family were present. He had to return immediately to Nashville while she stayed in Los Angeles, and he found a place for them to live. They survived the summer in Nashville by sleeping in the basement of their rental house until he was assigned to Long Beach California in the fall. They drove there by car. They rented an apartment near the ocean and enjoyed swimming and dancing during time off.  \nSparks went on a long trip ferrying a B-24 heavy bomber to Australia a short time after he had been in Long Beach. He was gone almost a month and felt very lonesome. He flew to Hawaii, Canton, New Caledonia, Suara, Indonesia, and Ipswich and Brisbane, Australia. He liked Brisbane but only had three days there. He then flew back in a C-54.  \nSparks was transferred to Stockton, CA in July 1945 (while his wife stayed on Long Beach). He flew C-47s in the Military Transport Division for four months, transporting war wounded to hospitals around the country. He obtained a commercial pilot's license in October 1945. In early 1946, his instrument rating indicated that he had logged over 1000 flying hours. However, in his journal, he indicated that he had over 2000 flying hours.  \nIn late February 1946, Sparks drove out to the airfield in Stockton, California and shot himself through the left nipple with his 45-caliber service pistol. This was around the 5th anniversary of his becoming a pilot. He slumped forward onto the car horn and a passing farmer heard it and put him in the back of a hay wagon and drove him to the hospital. He was transferred to Letterman General Hospital in San Francisco where he remained until June 1946. Sparks received a promotion to Major.  His wife, Melba, then took him to a hospital in Long Beach where he received several electroshock treatments for depression and was finally discharged from the hospital in December 1946.  \nIn September 1946 he had a leave from the hospital and Sparks and Melba travelled about 3000 miles by car to Yellowstone, Yosemite, Grants Park, and Sequoia National Parks over a period of three weeks. He said in his diary that: \"We had decided before I left the hospital, we could not in all fairness hold our marriage together.\" \"We remained the best of friends and I used to send Melba gifts and money whenever she needed it.\"  \nIn December of 1946, Sparks spent Christmas with the Sparks family in Tucson, and Miami. Melba was not with him. He returned to his old room in his parent's home in Tucson. Melba filed for and was granted a divorce on January 23, 1947 in Los Angeles. Sparks received an honorable discharge from the Army Air Corp with the rank of Major in February 1947. ","Sparks moved to Tucson and spent most of 1947 and 1948 taking several college courses. On February 4, 1949, he married Patricia H. Fitz. He originally met her in Tacoma in 1941 and then became reacquainted with her in 1948 when they both were living in Tucson Arizona.  Sparks returned to college full time on the GI Bill and obtained a BA in business administration.  \nThe Sparks had two daughters, Patricia Jo Sparks in 1950 and Terri Lee Sparks in 1955. The Sparks were married for 45 years. Patricia cared for Joe throughout his many years of illness and was the primary wage earner of the family. His two daughters attended college, helped in part by the GI bill. His oldest daughter, Patricia obtained an MD degree in 1975 and practiced medicine as a specialist for 30 years. Their youngest daughter, Terri, obtained a master's degree in education and worked as a primary school teacher until her retirement.  \nSparks continued to suffer from bipolar disorder, primarily major depression. After 1960, he could not maintain employment and his disability assessment by the Veterans Administration was increase to 100% service-connected disability. Sparks passed away in 1994 at the age of 78 of kidney failure due to lithium toxicity."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Joe Gray Sparks papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_19_0007\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_19_0007\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Joe Gray Sparks papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_19_0007"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Captain Joe Gray Sparks who served as a pilot with the 11 Bomb Squadron in the Pacific Theater during World War II.  This collection includes a flash memory drive containing scanned copies of letters, documents, photographs, manuscript biography, newspaper articles, and artifacts that belonged to Sparks.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to Captain Joe Gray Sparks who served as a pilot with the 11 Bomb Squadron in the Pacific Theater during World War II.  This collection includes a flash memory drive containing scanned copies of letters, documents, photographs, manuscript biography, newspaper articles, and artifacts that belonged to Sparks."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use Note"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"persname_ssim":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9","timestamp":"2026-07-10T04:33:57.267Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoe Gray Sparks was born May 9, 1915 in Douglas, AZ. His family lived in Tombstone, AZ until 1922 when they moved to Tucson, AZ. While in Tombstone, Sparks' father worked as a conductor on the El Paso Southwestern railroad. Tombstone had about 4000 people at that time.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks started piano lessons in 1923 at age eight. He had lessons until age fifteen. For a short time, he went to school in Phoenix near where his aunt lived. However, he returned to Tucson.  He was invited two summers to a cattle ranch in Northern New Mexico where he had his own horse to ride and helped with the chores. At some point he changed schools and skipped a grade and had a hard time adjusting, missed his friends and did poorly in school. After two years, he graduated and entered Tucson High School in 1929. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nWhile in high school, Sparks played the piano and participated in Boy Scouts. He worked in grocery stores and drug stores. He tried his own business selling Eskimo Pies to service stations and hospitals. He developed an interest in religion and read the Bible. He thought of becoming a minister. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks graduated from Tucson High School on May 26, 1933 at the age of eighteen. He wanted to join the army, but his sister persuaded him to do at least one year of college at University of Arizona, and he was admitted in 1933. He attended off and on for about six years. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nFrom 1933 to 1939, while intermittently going to college, he had various jobs. He tutored the Arizona Boys Chorus from April 1-June 15th, 1933 to make up their school work while they were away on tour. He worked in the Santa Rita Mountains for a government soil erosion center typing reports, was secretary to a lawyer, taught typing at the Deaf and Blind School, worked for the Phantom Ranch in Colorado and the Circle Z Ranch near Patagonia, AZ. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn May of 1938, he was appointed a Park Ranger at the North Rim of the Grand Canyon on the recommendation of Senator Carl Hayden who was a friend of his father's. This was a summer job. He hiked the Grand Canyon from rim to rim and took flights over the canyon with a friend. Those flights over the Canyon inspired Sparks' desire to become a pilot. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks joined the Army in September 1939. He received a letter of recommendation from the dean at University of Arizona to the Army Air Corp. The letter indicated that he had somewhat more than 2 years of college work at the University of Arizona with a scholarship record above average that included four semesters of military training. He was initially rejected from the Army Air Corp because he was underweight. In February of 1940, he joined the army as enlisted in Ft. Bliss, Texas.  At the time he entered the US Army in Ft. Bliss Texas as an enlisted man, he was employed as an assistant freight agent by the Southern Pacific Railroad which he found to be a dead-end job. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAfter a month at Ft. Bliss, Sparks was sent to Fort Ord, CA with the 3rd Infantry division (near Monterey) Another month later, he went to Moffat Field near Mountain View and Sunnyvale. He took leave to visit an Army Air Corp senior officer who recommended him for flying school as he had some college education. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks spent a total of six months as an enlisted man, then nine months as a flying cadet, one year as a 2nd Lieutenant, two years as a First Lieutenant, two years as a Captain and one year as a Major. Sparks had his primary flight training at Cal Aero in Glendale, California for three months, basic flight training at Randolph Field in Texas for 3 months, and then advanced flight training at Brooks Field in Texas for 3 months. He received his wings as a 2nd Lieutenant in February 8, of 1941. He was in the Army Air Corp Reserves at Kelly Field in San Antonio for a while. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn February of 1941, Sparks was transferred to McChord Field in Washington and was there until May 1941. He was assigned to the 17th Bombardment Group and then the 12th Bombardment Group under Colonel Goodrich, and the 81st Squadron. When he first came to Tacoma in 1941, he met Patricia Fitz (to become his second wife). Sparks also spent some time in Spokane and Redding California (in December 1941) where he met Melba (who became his first wife). Pearl Harbor was bombed in early December and America entered WWII. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn early 1942, Sparks transferred to Esler Field in the middle of Louisiana with the 81st Squadron until May of 1942.  He flew for a month at Wright Paterson in Ohio. In Louisiana, Sparks overshot the runway in a blinding rainstorm while landing. His CO was annoyed and thus made him commanding officer of part of the 11th Bomber Squadron that was sent to Karachi India by boat. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks left Columbia, South Carolina on a boat, the Santa Paula, in May 1942 travelling around the horn of Africa to India. He was the Commanding Officer of the 11th Bomb Squadron ground echelon. He arrived in Karachi India in July 1942. He helped build a camp in an old Indian armored division while they waited for replacement airplanes to arrive for a couple of months. Finally, seven B-25 bombers arrived, and he flew one to China in October 1942 with co-pilot Jimmy Routt where he joined the China Air Task Force. This was the 11th Bomber Squadron air echelon, stationed in Kunming, China. He participated in a series of bombing raids in eastern China, Hong Kong, Kweilin docks, and Haiphong under General Chenault and Colonel Bayse. He flew 30 combat bombing missions in China until January 1943 when he was transferred to Karachi to serve as a test pilot, formation training officer, and engineering officer for crews arriving in India under Captain Bramwell. He was there until April 1943 when he was sent to Kurmitola, India by train across India to set up an advance refueling station close to Burma. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn July of 1943, Sparks was sent to Raniket for 2 weeks to rest camp in the Himalayas. Upon his return, he joined the 13th Squadron of the Air Transport Command at Chabua, India to fly C-47s over the Hump from India to China for a month. He was then sent to Agra where he ferried B-25 bombers into China. In October of 1943, he flew transports from Chabua to Kunming. He also flew C-47s around India from Bangalore, Andal to Chabua via Calcutta, India. In February 1944, Sparks was promoted to Captain and ordered to come home. He came home via Khartoum on a C47, Accra Africa on a C87, to Natal Brazil on a C-46 and then to Miami. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nArriving back in the US, he went home to see his family, then out to California to see Melba to propose marriage, but then had to quickly return Berry field in Nashville, Tennessee.  In Nashville, TN, he had the job of interviewing incoming pilots from overseas and reporting their qualifications to Cincinnati headquarters of the ferrying division of the Air Transport Command. He quite enjoyed this and did his best to get them stationed in jobs that they wanted. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nHe married Melba Joyce Gloeckler on May 27, 1944 in Porterville, Calif. No members of his family were present. He had to return immediately to Nashville while she stayed in Los Angeles, and he found a place for them to live. They survived the summer in Nashville by sleeping in the basement of their rental house until he was assigned to Long Beach California in the fall. They drove there by car. They rented an apartment near the ocean and enjoyed swimming and dancing during time off. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks went on a long trip ferrying a B-24 heavy bomber to Australia a short time after he had been in Long Beach. He was gone almost a month and felt very lonesome. He flew to Hawaii, Canton, New Caledonia, Suara, Indonesia, and Ipswich and Brisbane, Australia. He liked Brisbane but only had three days there. He then flew back in a C-54. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks was transferred to Stockton, CA in July 1945 (while his wife stayed on Long Beach). He flew C-47s in the Military Transport Division for four months, transporting war wounded to hospitals around the country. He obtained a commercial pilot's license in October 1945. In early 1946, his instrument rating indicated that he had logged over 1000 flying hours. However, in his journal, he indicated that he had over 2000 flying hours. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn late February 1946, Sparks drove out to the airfield in Stockton, California and shot himself through the left nipple with his 45-caliber service pistol. This was around the 5th anniversary of his becoming a pilot. He slumped forward onto the car horn and a passing farmer heard it and put him in the back of a hay wagon and drove him to the hospital. He was transferred to Letterman General Hospital in San Francisco where he remained until June 1946. Sparks received a promotion to Major.  His wife, Melba, then took him to a hospital in Long Beach where he received several electroshock treatments for depression and was finally discharged from the hospital in December 1946. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn September 1946 he had a leave from the hospital and Sparks and Melba travelled about 3000 miles by car to Yellowstone, Yosemite, Grants Park, and Sequoia National Parks over a period of three weeks. He said in his diary that: \"We had decided before I left the hospital, we could not in all fairness hold our marriage together.\" \"We remained the best of friends and I used to send Melba gifts and money whenever she needed it.\" \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn December of 1946, Sparks spent Christmas with the Sparks family in Tucson, and Miami. Melba was not with him. He returned to his old room in his parent's home in Tucson. Melba filed for and was granted a divorce on January 23, 1947 in Los Angeles. Sparks received an honorable discharge from the Army Air Corp with the rank of Major in February 1947. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSparks moved to Tucson and spent most of 1947 and 1948 taking several college courses. On February 4, 1949, he married Patricia H. Fitz. He originally met her in Tacoma in 1941 and then became reacquainted with her in 1948 when they both were living in Tucson Arizona.  Sparks returned to college full time on the GI Bill and obtained a BA in business administration. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThe Sparks had two daughters, Patricia Jo Sparks in 1950 and Terri Lee Sparks in 1955. The Sparks were married for 45 years. Patricia cared for Joe throughout his many years of illness and was the primary wage earner of the family. His two daughters attended college, helped in part by the GI bill. His oldest daughter, Patricia obtained an MD degree in 1975 and practiced medicine as a specialist for 30 years. Their youngest daughter, Terri, obtained a master's degree in education and worked as a primary school teacher until her retirement. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks continued to suffer from bipolar disorder, primarily major depression. After 1960, he could not maintain employment and his disability assessment by the Veterans Administration was increase to 100% service-connected disability. Sparks passed away in 1994 at the age of 78 of kidney failure due to lithium toxicity.\u003c/p\u003e"],"collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9","title_filing_ssi":"Sparks, Joe Gray Papers","title_ssm":["Joe Gray Sparks papers"],"title_tesim":["Joe Gray Sparks papers"],"ead_ssi":"8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9","unitdate_ssm":["1915-1994","Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1915-1994"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["19.0007","/repositories/10/resources/1447"],"text":["19.0007","/repositories/10/resources/1447","Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24","World War, 1939-1945--China","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Pacific Ocean","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--China","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Burma","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--India","B-25 (Bomber)","This collection is open to all researchers.","Joe Gray Sparks was born May 9, 1915 in Douglas, AZ. His family lived in Tombstone, AZ until 1922 when they moved to Tucson, AZ. While in Tombstone, Sparks' father worked as a conductor on the El Paso Southwestern railroad. Tombstone had about 4000 people at that time. \nSparks started piano lessons in 1923 at age eight. He had lessons until age fifteen. For a short time, he went to school in Phoenix near where his aunt lived. However, he returned to Tucson.  He was invited two summers to a cattle ranch in Northern New Mexico where he had his own horse to ride and helped with the chores. At some point he changed schools and skipped a grade and had a hard time adjusting, missed his friends and did poorly in school. After two years, he graduated and entered Tucson High School in 1929.  \nWhile in high school, Sparks played the piano and participated in Boy Scouts. He worked in grocery stores and drug stores. He tried his own business selling Eskimo Pies to service stations and hospitals. He developed an interest in religion and read the Bible. He thought of becoming a minister.  \nSparks graduated from Tucson High School on May 26, 1933 at the age of eighteen. He wanted to join the army, but his sister persuaded him to do at least one year of college at University of Arizona, and he was admitted in 1933. He attended off and on for about six years.  \nFrom 1933 to 1939, while intermittently going to college, he had various jobs. He tutored the Arizona Boys Chorus from April 1-June 15th, 1933 to make up their school work while they were away on tour. He worked in the Santa Rita Mountains for a government soil erosion center typing reports, was secretary to a lawyer, taught typing at the Deaf and Blind School, worked for the Phantom Ranch in Colorado and the Circle Z Ranch near Patagonia, AZ.  \nIn May of 1938, he was appointed a Park Ranger at the North Rim of the Grand Canyon on the recommendation of Senator Carl Hayden who was a friend of his father's. This was a summer job. He hiked the Grand Canyon from rim to rim and took flights over the canyon with a friend. Those flights over the Canyon inspired Sparks' desire to become a pilot.  \nSparks joined the Army in September 1939. He received a letter of recommendation from the dean at University of Arizona to the Army Air Corp. The letter indicated that he had somewhat more than 2 years of college work at the University of Arizona with a scholarship record above average that included four semesters of military training. He was initially rejected from the Army Air Corp because he was underweight. In February of 1940, he joined the army as enlisted in Ft. Bliss, Texas.  At the time he entered the US Army in Ft. Bliss Texas as an enlisted man, he was employed as an assistant freight agent by the Southern Pacific Railroad which he found to be a dead-end job.  \nAfter a month at Ft. Bliss, Sparks was sent to Fort Ord, CA with the 3rd Infantry division (near Monterey) Another month later, he went to Moffat Field near Mountain View and Sunnyvale. He took leave to visit an Army Air Corp senior officer who recommended him for flying school as he had some college education.  \nSparks spent a total of six months as an enlisted man, then nine months as a flying cadet, one year as a 2nd Lieutenant, two years as a First Lieutenant, two years as a Captain and one year as a Major. Sparks had his primary flight training at Cal Aero in Glendale, California for three months, basic flight training at Randolph Field in Texas for 3 months, and then advanced flight training at Brooks Field in Texas for 3 months. He received his wings as a 2nd Lieutenant in February 8, of 1941. He was in the Army Air Corp Reserves at Kelly Field in San Antonio for a while.  \nIn February of 1941, Sparks was transferred to McChord Field in Washington and was there until May 1941. He was assigned to the 17th Bombardment Group and then the 12th Bombardment Group under Colonel Goodrich, and the 81st Squadron. When he first came to Tacoma in 1941, he met Patricia Fitz (to become his second wife). Sparks also spent some time in Spokane and Redding California (in December 1941) where he met Melba (who became his first wife). Pearl Harbor was bombed in early December and America entered WWII.  \nIn early 1942, Sparks transferred to Esler Field in the middle of Louisiana with the 81st Squadron until May of 1942.  He flew for a month at Wright Paterson in Ohio. In Louisiana, Sparks overshot the runway in a blinding rainstorm while landing. His CO was annoyed and thus made him commanding officer of part of the 11th Bomber Squadron that was sent to Karachi India by boat.  \nSparks left Columbia, South Carolina on a boat, the Santa Paula, in May 1942 travelling around the horn of Africa to India. He was the Commanding Officer of the 11th Bomb Squadron ground echelon. He arrived in Karachi India in July 1942. He helped build a camp in an old Indian armored division while they waited for replacement airplanes to arrive for a couple of months. Finally, seven B-25 bombers arrived, and he flew one to China in October 1942 with co-pilot Jimmy Routt where he joined the China Air Task Force. This was the 11th Bomber Squadron air echelon, stationed in Kunming, China. He participated in a series of bombing raids in eastern China, Hong Kong, Kweilin docks, and Haiphong under General Chenault and Colonel Bayse. He flew 30 combat bombing missions in China until January 1943 when he was transferred to Karachi to serve as a test pilot, formation training officer, and engineering officer for crews arriving in India under Captain Bramwell. He was there until April 1943 when he was sent to Kurmitola, India by train across India to set up an advance refueling station close to Burma.  \nIn July of 1943, Sparks was sent to Raniket for 2 weeks to rest camp in the Himalayas. Upon his return, he joined the 13th Squadron of the Air Transport Command at Chabua, India to fly C-47s over the Hump from India to China for a month. He was then sent to Agra where he ferried B-25 bombers into China. In October of 1943, he flew transports from Chabua to Kunming. He also flew C-47s around India from Bangalore, Andal to Chabua via Calcutta, India. In February 1944, Sparks was promoted to Captain and ordered to come home. He came home via Khartoum on a C47, Accra Africa on a C87, to Natal Brazil on a C-46 and then to Miami. ","\nArriving back in the US, he went home to see his family, then out to California to see Melba to propose marriage, but then had to quickly return Berry field in Nashville, Tennessee.  In Nashville, TN, he had the job of interviewing incoming pilots from overseas and reporting their qualifications to Cincinnati headquarters of the ferrying division of the Air Transport Command. He quite enjoyed this and did his best to get them stationed in jobs that they wanted.  \nHe married Melba Joyce Gloeckler on May 27, 1944 in Porterville, Calif. No members of his family were present. He had to return immediately to Nashville while she stayed in Los Angeles, and he found a place for them to live. They survived the summer in Nashville by sleeping in the basement of their rental house until he was assigned to Long Beach California in the fall. They drove there by car. They rented an apartment near the ocean and enjoyed swimming and dancing during time off.  \nSparks went on a long trip ferrying a B-24 heavy bomber to Australia a short time after he had been in Long Beach. He was gone almost a month and felt very lonesome. He flew to Hawaii, Canton, New Caledonia, Suara, Indonesia, and Ipswich and Brisbane, Australia. He liked Brisbane but only had three days there. He then flew back in a C-54.  \nSparks was transferred to Stockton, CA in July 1945 (while his wife stayed on Long Beach). He flew C-47s in the Military Transport Division for four months, transporting war wounded to hospitals around the country. He obtained a commercial pilot's license in October 1945. In early 1946, his instrument rating indicated that he had logged over 1000 flying hours. However, in his journal, he indicated that he had over 2000 flying hours.  \nIn late February 1946, Sparks drove out to the airfield in Stockton, California and shot himself through the left nipple with his 45-caliber service pistol. This was around the 5th anniversary of his becoming a pilot. He slumped forward onto the car horn and a passing farmer heard it and put him in the back of a hay wagon and drove him to the hospital. He was transferred to Letterman General Hospital in San Francisco where he remained until June 1946. Sparks received a promotion to Major.  His wife, Melba, then took him to a hospital in Long Beach where he received several electroshock treatments for depression and was finally discharged from the hospital in December 1946.  \nIn September 1946 he had a leave from the hospital and Sparks and Melba travelled about 3000 miles by car to Yellowstone, Yosemite, Grants Park, and Sequoia National Parks over a period of three weeks. He said in his diary that: \"We had decided before I left the hospital, we could not in all fairness hold our marriage together.\" \"We remained the best of friends and I used to send Melba gifts and money whenever she needed it.\"  \nIn December of 1946, Sparks spent Christmas with the Sparks family in Tucson, and Miami. Melba was not with him. He returned to his old room in his parent's home in Tucson. Melba filed for and was granted a divorce on January 23, 1947 in Los Angeles. Sparks received an honorable discharge from the Army Air Corp with the rank of Major in February 1947. ","Sparks moved to Tucson and spent most of 1947 and 1948 taking several college courses. On February 4, 1949, he married Patricia H. Fitz. He originally met her in Tacoma in 1941 and then became reacquainted with her in 1948 when they both were living in Tucson Arizona.  Sparks returned to college full time on the GI Bill and obtained a BA in business administration.  \nThe Sparks had two daughters, Patricia Jo Sparks in 1950 and Terri Lee Sparks in 1955. The Sparks were married for 45 years. Patricia cared for Joe throughout his many years of illness and was the primary wage earner of the family. His two daughters attended college, helped in part by the GI bill. His oldest daughter, Patricia obtained an MD degree in 1975 and practiced medicine as a specialist for 30 years. Their youngest daughter, Terri, obtained a master's degree in education and worked as a primary school teacher until her retirement.  \nSparks continued to suffer from bipolar disorder, primarily major depression. After 1960, he could not maintain employment and his disability assessment by the Veterans Administration was increase to 100% service-connected disability. Sparks passed away in 1994 at the age of 78 of kidney failure due to lithium toxicity.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection relates to Captain Joe Gray Sparks who served as a pilot with the 11 Bomb Squadron in the Pacific Theater during World War II.  This collection includes a flash memory drive containing scanned copies of letters, documents, photographs, manuscript biography, newspaper articles, and artifacts that belonged to Sparks.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["19.0007","/repositories/10/resources/1447"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"collection_title_tesim":["Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"collection_ssim":["Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945--China"],"geogname_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--China"],"creator_ssm":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"creator_ssim":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"creators_ssim":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"places_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--China"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Pacific Ocean","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--China","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Burma","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--India","B-25 (Bomber)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Pacific Ocean","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--China","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Burma","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--India","B-25 (Bomber)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 folders"],"extent_tesim":["1 folders"],"date_range_isim":[1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access Note"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joe Gray Sparks was born May 9, 1915 in Douglas, AZ. His family lived in Tombstone, AZ until 1922 when they moved to Tucson, AZ. While in Tombstone, Sparks' father worked as a conductor on the El Paso Southwestern railroad. Tombstone had about 4000 people at that time. \nSparks started piano lessons in 1923 at age eight. He had lessons until age fifteen. For a short time, he went to school in Phoenix near where his aunt lived. However, he returned to Tucson.  He was invited two summers to a cattle ranch in Northern New Mexico where he had his own horse to ride and helped with the chores. At some point he changed schools and skipped a grade and had a hard time adjusting, missed his friends and did poorly in school. After two years, he graduated and entered Tucson High School in 1929.  \nWhile in high school, Sparks played the piano and participated in Boy Scouts. He worked in grocery stores and drug stores. He tried his own business selling Eskimo Pies to service stations and hospitals. He developed an interest in religion and read the Bible. He thought of becoming a minister.  \nSparks graduated from Tucson High School on May 26, 1933 at the age of eighteen. He wanted to join the army, but his sister persuaded him to do at least one year of college at University of Arizona, and he was admitted in 1933. He attended off and on for about six years.  \nFrom 1933 to 1939, while intermittently going to college, he had various jobs. He tutored the Arizona Boys Chorus from April 1-June 15th, 1933 to make up their school work while they were away on tour. He worked in the Santa Rita Mountains for a government soil erosion center typing reports, was secretary to a lawyer, taught typing at the Deaf and Blind School, worked for the Phantom Ranch in Colorado and the Circle Z Ranch near Patagonia, AZ.  \nIn May of 1938, he was appointed a Park Ranger at the North Rim of the Grand Canyon on the recommendation of Senator Carl Hayden who was a friend of his father's. This was a summer job. He hiked the Grand Canyon from rim to rim and took flights over the canyon with a friend. Those flights over the Canyon inspired Sparks' desire to become a pilot.  \nSparks joined the Army in September 1939. He received a letter of recommendation from the dean at University of Arizona to the Army Air Corp. The letter indicated that he had somewhat more than 2 years of college work at the University of Arizona with a scholarship record above average that included four semesters of military training. He was initially rejected from the Army Air Corp because he was underweight. In February of 1940, he joined the army as enlisted in Ft. Bliss, Texas.  At the time he entered the US Army in Ft. Bliss Texas as an enlisted man, he was employed as an assistant freight agent by the Southern Pacific Railroad which he found to be a dead-end job.  \nAfter a month at Ft. Bliss, Sparks was sent to Fort Ord, CA with the 3rd Infantry division (near Monterey) Another month later, he went to Moffat Field near Mountain View and Sunnyvale. He took leave to visit an Army Air Corp senior officer who recommended him for flying school as he had some college education.  \nSparks spent a total of six months as an enlisted man, then nine months as a flying cadet, one year as a 2nd Lieutenant, two years as a First Lieutenant, two years as a Captain and one year as a Major. Sparks had his primary flight training at Cal Aero in Glendale, California for three months, basic flight training at Randolph Field in Texas for 3 months, and then advanced flight training at Brooks Field in Texas for 3 months. He received his wings as a 2nd Lieutenant in February 8, of 1941. He was in the Army Air Corp Reserves at Kelly Field in San Antonio for a while.  \nIn February of 1941, Sparks was transferred to McChord Field in Washington and was there until May 1941. He was assigned to the 17th Bombardment Group and then the 12th Bombardment Group under Colonel Goodrich, and the 81st Squadron. When he first came to Tacoma in 1941, he met Patricia Fitz (to become his second wife). Sparks also spent some time in Spokane and Redding California (in December 1941) where he met Melba (who became his first wife). Pearl Harbor was bombed in early December and America entered WWII.  \nIn early 1942, Sparks transferred to Esler Field in the middle of Louisiana with the 81st Squadron until May of 1942.  He flew for a month at Wright Paterson in Ohio. In Louisiana, Sparks overshot the runway in a blinding rainstorm while landing. His CO was annoyed and thus made him commanding officer of part of the 11th Bomber Squadron that was sent to Karachi India by boat.  \nSparks left Columbia, South Carolina on a boat, the Santa Paula, in May 1942 travelling around the horn of Africa to India. He was the Commanding Officer of the 11th Bomb Squadron ground echelon. He arrived in Karachi India in July 1942. He helped build a camp in an old Indian armored division while they waited for replacement airplanes to arrive for a couple of months. Finally, seven B-25 bombers arrived, and he flew one to China in October 1942 with co-pilot Jimmy Routt where he joined the China Air Task Force. This was the 11th Bomber Squadron air echelon, stationed in Kunming, China. He participated in a series of bombing raids in eastern China, Hong Kong, Kweilin docks, and Haiphong under General Chenault and Colonel Bayse. He flew 30 combat bombing missions in China until January 1943 when he was transferred to Karachi to serve as a test pilot, formation training officer, and engineering officer for crews arriving in India under Captain Bramwell. He was there until April 1943 when he was sent to Kurmitola, India by train across India to set up an advance refueling station close to Burma.  \nIn July of 1943, Sparks was sent to Raniket for 2 weeks to rest camp in the Himalayas. Upon his return, he joined the 13th Squadron of the Air Transport Command at Chabua, India to fly C-47s over the Hump from India to China for a month. He was then sent to Agra where he ferried B-25 bombers into China. In October of 1943, he flew transports from Chabua to Kunming. He also flew C-47s around India from Bangalore, Andal to Chabua via Calcutta, India. In February 1944, Sparks was promoted to Captain and ordered to come home. He came home via Khartoum on a C47, Accra Africa on a C87, to Natal Brazil on a C-46 and then to Miami. ","\nArriving back in the US, he went home to see his family, then out to California to see Melba to propose marriage, but then had to quickly return Berry field in Nashville, Tennessee.  In Nashville, TN, he had the job of interviewing incoming pilots from overseas and reporting their qualifications to Cincinnati headquarters of the ferrying division of the Air Transport Command. He quite enjoyed this and did his best to get them stationed in jobs that they wanted.  \nHe married Melba Joyce Gloeckler on May 27, 1944 in Porterville, Calif. No members of his family were present. He had to return immediately to Nashville while she stayed in Los Angeles, and he found a place for them to live. They survived the summer in Nashville by sleeping in the basement of their rental house until he was assigned to Long Beach California in the fall. They drove there by car. They rented an apartment near the ocean and enjoyed swimming and dancing during time off.  \nSparks went on a long trip ferrying a B-24 heavy bomber to Australia a short time after he had been in Long Beach. He was gone almost a month and felt very lonesome. He flew to Hawaii, Canton, New Caledonia, Suara, Indonesia, and Ipswich and Brisbane, Australia. He liked Brisbane but only had three days there. He then flew back in a C-54.  \nSparks was transferred to Stockton, CA in July 1945 (while his wife stayed on Long Beach). He flew C-47s in the Military Transport Division for four months, transporting war wounded to hospitals around the country. He obtained a commercial pilot's license in October 1945. In early 1946, his instrument rating indicated that he had logged over 1000 flying hours. However, in his journal, he indicated that he had over 2000 flying hours.  \nIn late February 1946, Sparks drove out to the airfield in Stockton, California and shot himself through the left nipple with his 45-caliber service pistol. This was around the 5th anniversary of his becoming a pilot. He slumped forward onto the car horn and a passing farmer heard it and put him in the back of a hay wagon and drove him to the hospital. He was transferred to Letterman General Hospital in San Francisco where he remained until June 1946. Sparks received a promotion to Major.  His wife, Melba, then took him to a hospital in Long Beach where he received several electroshock treatments for depression and was finally discharged from the hospital in December 1946.  \nIn September 1946 he had a leave from the hospital and Sparks and Melba travelled about 3000 miles by car to Yellowstone, Yosemite, Grants Park, and Sequoia National Parks over a period of three weeks. He said in his diary that: \"We had decided before I left the hospital, we could not in all fairness hold our marriage together.\" \"We remained the best of friends and I used to send Melba gifts and money whenever she needed it.\"  \nIn December of 1946, Sparks spent Christmas with the Sparks family in Tucson, and Miami. Melba was not with him. He returned to his old room in his parent's home in Tucson. Melba filed for and was granted a divorce on January 23, 1947 in Los Angeles. Sparks received an honorable discharge from the Army Air Corp with the rank of Major in February 1947. ","Sparks moved to Tucson and spent most of 1947 and 1948 taking several college courses. On February 4, 1949, he married Patricia H. Fitz. He originally met her in Tacoma in 1941 and then became reacquainted with her in 1948 when they both were living in Tucson Arizona.  Sparks returned to college full time on the GI Bill and obtained a BA in business administration.  \nThe Sparks had two daughters, Patricia Jo Sparks in 1950 and Terri Lee Sparks in 1955. The Sparks were married for 45 years. Patricia cared for Joe throughout his many years of illness and was the primary wage earner of the family. His two daughters attended college, helped in part by the GI bill. His oldest daughter, Patricia obtained an MD degree in 1975 and practiced medicine as a specialist for 30 years. Their youngest daughter, Terri, obtained a master's degree in education and worked as a primary school teacher until her retirement.  \nSparks continued to suffer from bipolar disorder, primarily major depression. After 1960, he could not maintain employment and his disability assessment by the Veterans Administration was increase to 100% service-connected disability. Sparks passed away in 1994 at the age of 78 of kidney failure due to lithium toxicity."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Joe Gray Sparks papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_19_0007\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_19_0007\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Joe Gray Sparks papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_19_0007"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Captain Joe Gray Sparks who served as a pilot with the 11 Bomb Squadron in the Pacific Theater during World War II.  This collection includes a flash memory drive containing scanned copies of letters, documents, photographs, manuscript biography, newspaper articles, and artifacts that belonged to Sparks.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to Captain Joe Gray Sparks who served as a pilot with the 11 Bomb Squadron in the Pacific Theater during World War II.  This collection includes a flash memory drive containing scanned copies of letters, documents, photographs, manuscript biography, newspaper articles, and artifacts that belonged to Sparks."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use Note"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"persname_ssim":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9","timestamp":"2026-07-10T04:33:57.267Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoe Gray Sparks was born May 9, 1915 in Douglas, AZ. His family lived in Tombstone, AZ until 1922 when they moved to Tucson, AZ. While in Tombstone, Sparks' father worked as a conductor on the El Paso Southwestern railroad. Tombstone had about 4000 people at that time.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks started piano lessons in 1923 at age eight. He had lessons until age fifteen. For a short time, he went to school in Phoenix near where his aunt lived. However, he returned to Tucson.  He was invited two summers to a cattle ranch in Northern New Mexico where he had his own horse to ride and helped with the chores. At some point he changed schools and skipped a grade and had a hard time adjusting, missed his friends and did poorly in school. After two years, he graduated and entered Tucson High School in 1929. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nWhile in high school, Sparks played the piano and participated in Boy Scouts. He worked in grocery stores and drug stores. He tried his own business selling Eskimo Pies to service stations and hospitals. He developed an interest in religion and read the Bible. He thought of becoming a minister. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks graduated from Tucson High School on May 26, 1933 at the age of eighteen. He wanted to join the army, but his sister persuaded him to do at least one year of college at University of Arizona, and he was admitted in 1933. He attended off and on for about six years. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nFrom 1933 to 1939, while intermittently going to college, he had various jobs. He tutored the Arizona Boys Chorus from April 1-June 15th, 1933 to make up their school work while they were away on tour. He worked in the Santa Rita Mountains for a government soil erosion center typing reports, was secretary to a lawyer, taught typing at the Deaf and Blind School, worked for the Phantom Ranch in Colorado and the Circle Z Ranch near Patagonia, AZ. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn May of 1938, he was appointed a Park Ranger at the North Rim of the Grand Canyon on the recommendation of Senator Carl Hayden who was a friend of his father's. This was a summer job. He hiked the Grand Canyon from rim to rim and took flights over the canyon with a friend. Those flights over the Canyon inspired Sparks' desire to become a pilot. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks joined the Army in September 1939. He received a letter of recommendation from the dean at University of Arizona to the Army Air Corp. The letter indicated that he had somewhat more than 2 years of college work at the University of Arizona with a scholarship record above average that included four semesters of military training. He was initially rejected from the Army Air Corp because he was underweight. In February of 1940, he joined the army as enlisted in Ft. Bliss, Texas.  At the time he entered the US Army in Ft. Bliss Texas as an enlisted man, he was employed as an assistant freight agent by the Southern Pacific Railroad which he found to be a dead-end job. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAfter a month at Ft. Bliss, Sparks was sent to Fort Ord, CA with the 3rd Infantry division (near Monterey) Another month later, he went to Moffat Field near Mountain View and Sunnyvale. He took leave to visit an Army Air Corp senior officer who recommended him for flying school as he had some college education. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks spent a total of six months as an enlisted man, then nine months as a flying cadet, one year as a 2nd Lieutenant, two years as a First Lieutenant, two years as a Captain and one year as a Major. Sparks had his primary flight training at Cal Aero in Glendale, California for three months, basic flight training at Randolph Field in Texas for 3 months, and then advanced flight training at Brooks Field in Texas for 3 months. He received his wings as a 2nd Lieutenant in February 8, of 1941. He was in the Army Air Corp Reserves at Kelly Field in San Antonio for a while. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn February of 1941, Sparks was transferred to McChord Field in Washington and was there until May 1941. He was assigned to the 17th Bombardment Group and then the 12th Bombardment Group under Colonel Goodrich, and the 81st Squadron. When he first came to Tacoma in 1941, he met Patricia Fitz (to become his second wife). Sparks also spent some time in Spokane and Redding California (in December 1941) where he met Melba (who became his first wife). Pearl Harbor was bombed in early December and America entered WWII. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn early 1942, Sparks transferred to Esler Field in the middle of Louisiana with the 81st Squadron until May of 1942.  He flew for a month at Wright Paterson in Ohio. In Louisiana, Sparks overshot the runway in a blinding rainstorm while landing. His CO was annoyed and thus made him commanding officer of part of the 11th Bomber Squadron that was sent to Karachi India by boat. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks left Columbia, South Carolina on a boat, the Santa Paula, in May 1942 travelling around the horn of Africa to India. He was the Commanding Officer of the 11th Bomb Squadron ground echelon. He arrived in Karachi India in July 1942. He helped build a camp in an old Indian armored division while they waited for replacement airplanes to arrive for a couple of months. Finally, seven B-25 bombers arrived, and he flew one to China in October 1942 with co-pilot Jimmy Routt where he joined the China Air Task Force. This was the 11th Bomber Squadron air echelon, stationed in Kunming, China. He participated in a series of bombing raids in eastern China, Hong Kong, Kweilin docks, and Haiphong under General Chenault and Colonel Bayse. He flew 30 combat bombing missions in China until January 1943 when he was transferred to Karachi to serve as a test pilot, formation training officer, and engineering officer for crews arriving in India under Captain Bramwell. He was there until April 1943 when he was sent to Kurmitola, India by train across India to set up an advance refueling station close to Burma. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn July of 1943, Sparks was sent to Raniket for 2 weeks to rest camp in the Himalayas. Upon his return, he joined the 13th Squadron of the Air Transport Command at Chabua, India to fly C-47s over the Hump from India to China for a month. He was then sent to Agra where he ferried B-25 bombers into China. In October of 1943, he flew transports from Chabua to Kunming. He also flew C-47s around India from Bangalore, Andal to Chabua via Calcutta, India. In February 1944, Sparks was promoted to Captain and ordered to come home. He came home via Khartoum on a C47, Accra Africa on a C87, to Natal Brazil on a C-46 and then to Miami. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nArriving back in the US, he went home to see his family, then out to California to see Melba to propose marriage, but then had to quickly return Berry field in Nashville, Tennessee.  In Nashville, TN, he had the job of interviewing incoming pilots from overseas and reporting their qualifications to Cincinnati headquarters of the ferrying division of the Air Transport Command. He quite enjoyed this and did his best to get them stationed in jobs that they wanted. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nHe married Melba Joyce Gloeckler on May 27, 1944 in Porterville, Calif. No members of his family were present. He had to return immediately to Nashville while she stayed in Los Angeles, and he found a place for them to live. They survived the summer in Nashville by sleeping in the basement of their rental house until he was assigned to Long Beach California in the fall. They drove there by car. They rented an apartment near the ocean and enjoyed swimming and dancing during time off. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks went on a long trip ferrying a B-24 heavy bomber to Australia a short time after he had been in Long Beach. He was gone almost a month and felt very lonesome. He flew to Hawaii, Canton, New Caledonia, Suara, Indonesia, and Ipswich and Brisbane, Australia. He liked Brisbane but only had three days there. He then flew back in a C-54. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks was transferred to Stockton, CA in July 1945 (while his wife stayed on Long Beach). He flew C-47s in the Military Transport Division for four months, transporting war wounded to hospitals around the country. He obtained a commercial pilot's license in October 1945. In early 1946, his instrument rating indicated that he had logged over 1000 flying hours. However, in his journal, he indicated that he had over 2000 flying hours. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn late February 1946, Sparks drove out to the airfield in Stockton, California and shot himself through the left nipple with his 45-caliber service pistol. This was around the 5th anniversary of his becoming a pilot. He slumped forward onto the car horn and a passing farmer heard it and put him in the back of a hay wagon and drove him to the hospital. He was transferred to Letterman General Hospital in San Francisco where he remained until June 1946. Sparks received a promotion to Major.  His wife, Melba, then took him to a hospital in Long Beach where he received several electroshock treatments for depression and was finally discharged from the hospital in December 1946. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn September 1946 he had a leave from the hospital and Sparks and Melba travelled about 3000 miles by car to Yellowstone, Yosemite, Grants Park, and Sequoia National Parks over a period of three weeks. He said in his diary that: \"We had decided before I left the hospital, we could not in all fairness hold our marriage together.\" \"We remained the best of friends and I used to send Melba gifts and money whenever she needed it.\" \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn December of 1946, Sparks spent Christmas with the Sparks family in Tucson, and Miami. Melba was not with him. He returned to his old room in his parent's home in Tucson. Melba filed for and was granted a divorce on January 23, 1947 in Los Angeles. Sparks received an honorable discharge from the Army Air Corp with the rank of Major in February 1947. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSparks moved to Tucson and spent most of 1947 and 1948 taking several college courses. On February 4, 1949, he married Patricia H. Fitz. He originally met her in Tacoma in 1941 and then became reacquainted with her in 1948 when they both were living in Tucson Arizona.  Sparks returned to college full time on the GI Bill and obtained a BA in business administration. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThe Sparks had two daughters, Patricia Jo Sparks in 1950 and Terri Lee Sparks in 1955. The Sparks were married for 45 years. Patricia cared for Joe throughout his many years of illness and was the primary wage earner of the family. His two daughters attended college, helped in part by the GI bill. His oldest daughter, Patricia obtained an MD degree in 1975 and practiced medicine as a specialist for 30 years. Their youngest daughter, Terri, obtained a master's degree in education and worked as a primary school teacher until her retirement. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks continued to suffer from bipolar disorder, primarily major depression. After 1960, he could not maintain employment and his disability assessment by the Veterans Administration was increase to 100% service-connected disability. Sparks passed away in 1994 at the age of 78 of kidney failure due to lithium toxicity.\u003c/p\u003e"]}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9"}},{"id":"3b29b27e6190553e67cba650","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Joe Louis Reliford Collection, 1952-2003","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/3b29b27e6190553e67cba650#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThe Joe Louis Reliford Collection contains materials donated by Joe Louis Reliford, who holds the record for being the youngest person at age 12 to play in a professional baseball game and broke the color barrier in the Georgia State League. The collection includes autographed photographs, an autographed copy of Reliford's 1997 autobiography \"From Bat Boy to Hall of Frame\", and an autographed miniature baseball bat.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/3b29b27e6190553e67cba650#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"3b29b27e6190553e67cba650","title_filing_ssi":"Reliford, Joe Louis Collection","title_ssm":["Joe Louis Reliford Collection"],"title_tesim":["Joe Louis Reliford Collection"],"ead_ssi":"3b29b27e6190553e67cba650","unitdate_ssm":["1952-2003"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1952-2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["AARLCC.2003.14","/repositories/2/resources/494"],"text":["AARLCC.2003.14","/repositories/2/resources/494","Joe Louis Reliford Collection, 1952-2003","Baseball players","Collection is open for research.","This collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.","The Joe Louis Reliford Collection contains materials donated by Joe Louis Reliford, who holds the record for being the youngest person at age 12 to play in a professional baseball game and broke the color barrier in the Georgia State League. The collection includes autographed photographs, an autographed copy of Reliford's 1997 autobiography \"From Bat Boy to Hall of Frame\", and an autographed miniature baseball bat.","AARLCC Special Collections","English"],"unitid_tesim":["AARLCC.2003.14","/repositories/2/resources/494"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1952-2003"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joe Louis Reliford Collection, 1952-2003"],"collection_title_tesim":["Joe Louis Reliford Collection, 1952-2003"],"collection_ssim":["Joe Louis Reliford Collection, 1952-2003"],"repository_ssm":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Joe Louis Reliford donated the materials to the AARLCC Special Collections on April 30, 2003 (Accession AARLCC-2003.14)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Baseball players"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Baseball players"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Hollinger Box"],"extent_tesim":["1 Hollinger Box"],"date_range_isim":[1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAARLCC Special Collections, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["AARLCC Special Collections, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Joe Louis Reliford Collection contains materials donated by Joe Louis Reliford, who holds the record for being the youngest person at age 12 to play in a professional baseball game and broke the color barrier in the Georgia State League. The collection includes autographed photographs, an autographed copy of Reliford's 1997 autobiography \"From Bat Boy to Hall of Frame\", and an autographed miniature baseball bat.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Joe Louis Reliford Collection contains materials donated by Joe Louis Reliford, who holds the record for being the youngest person at age 12 to play in a professional baseball game and broke the color barrier in the Georgia State League. The collection includes autographed photographs, an autographed copy of Reliford's 1997 autobiography \"From Bat Boy to Hall of Frame\", and an autographed miniature baseball bat."],"names_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"3b29b27e6190553e67cba650","timestamp":"2026-07-10T01:48:45.483Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"3b29b27e6190553e67cba650","title_filing_ssi":"Reliford, Joe Louis Collection","title_ssm":["Joe Louis Reliford Collection"],"title_tesim":["Joe Louis Reliford Collection"],"ead_ssi":"3b29b27e6190553e67cba650","unitdate_ssm":["1952-2003"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1952-2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["AARLCC.2003.14","/repositories/2/resources/494"],"text":["AARLCC.2003.14","/repositories/2/resources/494","Joe Louis Reliford Collection, 1952-2003","Baseball players","Collection is open for research.","This collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.","The Joe Louis Reliford Collection contains materials donated by Joe Louis Reliford, who holds the record for being the youngest person at age 12 to play in a professional baseball game and broke the color barrier in the Georgia State League. The collection includes autographed photographs, an autographed copy of Reliford's 1997 autobiography \"From Bat Boy to Hall of Frame\", and an autographed miniature baseball bat.","AARLCC Special Collections","English"],"unitid_tesim":["AARLCC.2003.14","/repositories/2/resources/494"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1952-2003"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joe Louis Reliford Collection, 1952-2003"],"collection_title_tesim":["Joe Louis Reliford Collection, 1952-2003"],"collection_ssim":["Joe Louis Reliford Collection, 1952-2003"],"repository_ssm":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Joe Louis Reliford donated the materials to the AARLCC Special Collections on April 30, 2003 (Accession AARLCC-2003.14)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Baseball players"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Baseball players"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Hollinger Box"],"extent_tesim":["1 Hollinger Box"],"date_range_isim":[1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAARLCC Special Collections, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["AARLCC Special Collections, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Joe Louis Reliford Collection contains materials donated by Joe Louis Reliford, who holds the record for being the youngest person at age 12 to play in a professional baseball game and broke the color barrier in the Georgia State League. The collection includes autographed photographs, an autographed copy of Reliford's 1997 autobiography \"From Bat Boy to Hall of Frame\", and an autographed miniature baseball bat.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Joe Louis Reliford Collection contains materials donated by Joe Louis Reliford, who holds the record for being the youngest person at age 12 to play in a professional baseball game and broke the color barrier in the Georgia State League. The collection includes autographed photographs, an autographed copy of Reliford's 1997 autobiography \"From Bat Boy to Hall of Frame\", and an autographed miniature baseball bat."],"names_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"3b29b27e6190553e67cba650","timestamp":"2026-07-10T01:48:45.483Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/3b29b27e6190553e67cba650"}},{"id":"327a719ef39dc0daf945bfe2_aspace_864155f4cec26fce4888b725a165a9da","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Joel R. Baker Files, 1945-2009","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/327a719ef39dc0daf945bfe2_aspace_864155f4cec26fce4888b725a165a9da#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_864155f4cec26fce4888b725a165a9da","ref_ssm":["aspace_864155f4cec26fce4888b725a165a9da","aspace_864155f4cec26fce4888b725a165a9da"],"id":"327a719ef39dc0daf945bfe2_aspace_864155f4cec26fce4888b725a165a9da","title_filing_ssi":"Joel R. Baker Files","title_ssm":["Joel R. Baker Files"],"title_tesim":["Joel R. Baker Files"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1945-2009"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1945-2009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joel R. Baker Files, 1945-2009"],"text":["Joel R. Baker Files, 1945-2009","Into the Unknown: The X-1 Story Research files, 1942-2013, bulk 1942-1955","Research files, 1943-2013, undated","/repositories/4/archival_objects/55103","Box 4","Folder 5"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["327a719ef39dc0daf945bfe2","327a719ef39dc0daf945bfe2_aspace_seriesII"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Into the Unknown: The X-1 Story Research files, 1942-2013, bulk 1942-1955","Research files, 1943-2013, undated"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Into the Unknown: The X-1 Story Research files, 1942-2013, bulk 1942-1955","Research files, 1943-2013, undated"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/4/archival_objects/55103"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Into the Unknown: The X-1 Story Research files, 1942-2013, bulk 1942-1955"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":44,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009],"containers_ssim":["Box 4","Folder 5"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#30","_nest_parent_":"327a719ef39dc0daf945bfe2_aspace_seriesII","_root_":"327a719ef39dc0daf945bfe2","_version_":1878014774349922304,"timestamp":"2026-10-03T08:00:56.124Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"327a719ef39dc0daf945bfe2","title_ssm":["Into the Unknown: The X-1 Story Research files"],"title_tesim":["Into the Unknown: The X-1 Story Research files"],"ead_ssi":"327a719ef39dc0daf945bfe2","unitdate_ssm":["1942-2013","1942-1955"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1942-1955"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1942-2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC116","/repositories/4/resources/216"],"text":["SC116","/repositories/4/resources/216","Into the Unknown: The X-1 Story Research files, 1942-2013, bulk 1942-1955","High-speed aeronautics","Bell X-1 (Supersonic plane)","Supersonic planes","manuscripts (documents)","newspaper clippings","interviews","photographs","audiocassettes","VHS","The entire collection is open for research.","This collection is arranged by material type.","Louis C. Rotundo was born on October 28, 1949. He graduated from the University of Central Florida (UCF) in 1975 and then worked for United States Senator Lawton Childes as an aide. Rotundo served as a lobbyist for the State of Florida and was employed by UCF from 1980 to 1988 as Special Assistant to the Director of the Florida Solar Energy Center (FSEC) and Special Assistant to the President of UCF from 1984 to 1987. After departing from UCF in 1988, Rotundo worked as the Principal of Louis Rotundo and Associates, a Central Florida based company that specializes in lobbying and consulting.","Processed and finding aid prepared by Alexander S. Jerome. Finding aid revised for consistency by Chloe Lanham in 2026.","For more information on Special Collections \u0026 University Archives, please see our  website .","This collection contains the files that Louis Rotundo used for the research of his book,  Into the Unknown: The X-1 Story . The book \"describes the complete history of the world's first supersonic aircraft, the Bell X-1.\" Materials consist of manuscripts, reports, interview transcripts, news clippings, photographs, and multimedia. This collection provides insight into the history of the X-1 plane and the work of Louis Rotundo.","Series I: Manuscripts, 1989-1991, undated contains 11 manuscripts including  Forgotten Dawn  and  Into the Unknown . ","Series II: Research files, 1943-2013, undated contains 73 research files used by the author when writing Into the Unknown. Research files include reports, interview notes and transcripts, and news clippings.  ","Series III: Photographs, 1942-1995, undated contains 302 photographs, broken up into 8 subseries, including photographs of the Pinecastle Army Airfield tests and Muroc tests. Photographs also depict Bell company employees and aircrafts. ","Series IV: Multimedia files, 1946-2003, undated contains 27 multimedia, including VHS tapes, audio cassettes, floppy disks, and film. Media contains documentaries on the X-1 and other X-Planes, and interviews with individuals that worked on the X-1 project. ","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","This collection contains the files that Louis Rotundo used for the research of his book, Into the Unknown: The X-1 Story. The book \"describes the complete history of the world's first supersonic aircraft, the Bell X-1.\" Materials consist of manuscripts, reports, interview transcripts, news clippings, photographs, and multimedia. This collection provides insight into the history of the X-1 plane and the work of Louis Rotundo.\n\nLouis C. Rotundo was born on October 28, 1949. He graduated from the University of Central Florida (UCF) in 1975 and then worked for United States Senator Lawton Childes as an aide. Rotundo served as a lobbyist for the State of Florida and was employed by UCF from 1980 to 1988 as Special Assistant to the Director of the Florida Solar Energy Center (FSEC) and Special Assistant to the President of UCF from 1984 to 1987. After departing from UCF in 1988, Rotundo worked as the Principal of Louis Rotundo and Associates, a Central Florida based company that specializes in lobbying and consulting.","UCF Special Collections","United States. Air Force","United States. Army","United States. 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CFM2019_08)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["High-speed aeronautics","Bell X-1 (Supersonic plane)","Supersonic planes","manuscripts (documents)","newspaper clippings","interviews","photographs","audiocassettes","VHS"],"access_subjects_ssm":["High-speed aeronautics","Bell X-1 (Supersonic plane)","Supersonic planes","manuscripts (documents)","newspaper clippings","interviews","photographs","audiocassettes","VHS"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.25 Linear Feet 15 Boxes"],"extent_tesim":["8.25 Linear Feet 15 Boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["manuscripts (documents)","newspaper clippings","interviews","photographs","audiocassettes","VHS"],"date_range_isim":[1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged by material type."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLouis C. Rotundo was born on October 28, 1949. He graduated from the University of Central Florida (UCF) in 1975 and then worked for United States Senator Lawton Childes as an aide. Rotundo served as a lobbyist for the State of Florida and was employed by UCF from 1980 to 1988 as Special Assistant to the Director of the Florida Solar Energy Center (FSEC) and Special Assistant to the President of UCF from 1984 to 1987. After departing from UCF in 1988, Rotundo worked as the Principal of Louis Rotundo and Associates, a Central Florida based company that specializes in lobbying and consulting.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Louis C. Rotundo was born on October 28, 1949. He graduated from the University of Central Florida (UCF) in 1975 and then worked for United States Senator Lawton Childes as an aide. Rotundo served as a lobbyist for the State of Florida and was employed by UCF from 1980 to 1988 as Special Assistant to the Director of the Florida Solar Energy Center (FSEC) and Special Assistant to the President of UCF from 1984 to 1987. After departing from UCF in 1988, Rotundo worked as the Principal of Louis Rotundo and Associates, a Central Florida based company that specializes in lobbying and consulting."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Into the Unknown: The X-1 Story Research files, Special Collections \u0026amp; University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Into the Unknown: The X-1 Story Research files, Special Collections \u0026 University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed and finding aid prepared by Alexander S. Jerome. Finding aid revised for consistency by Chloe Lanham in 2026.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed and finding aid prepared by Alexander S. Jerome. Finding aid revised for consistency by Chloe Lanham in 2026."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFor more information on Special Collections \u0026amp; University Archives, please see our \u003cextref href=\"https://library.ucf.edu/about/departments/special-collections-university-archives/\"\u003ewebsite\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["For more information on Special Collections \u0026 University Archives, please see our  website ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the files that Louis Rotundo used for the research of his book, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eInto the Unknown: The X-1 Story\u003c/emph\u003e. The book \"describes the complete history of the world's first supersonic aircraft, the Bell X-1.\" Materials consist of manuscripts, reports, interview transcripts, news clippings, photographs, and multimedia. This collection provides insight into the history of the X-1 plane and the work of Louis Rotundo.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Manuscripts, 1989-1991, undated contains 11 manuscripts including \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eForgotten Dawn\u003c/emph\u003e and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eInto the Unknown\u003c/emph\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Research files, 1943-2013, undated contains 73 research files used by the author when writing Into the Unknown. Research files include reports, interview notes and transcripts, and news clippings.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Photographs, 1942-1995, undated contains 302 photographs, broken up into 8 subseries, including photographs of the Pinecastle Army Airfield tests and Muroc tests. Photographs also depict Bell company employees and aircrafts. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV: Multimedia files, 1946-2003, undated contains 27 multimedia, including VHS tapes, audio cassettes, floppy disks, and film. Media contains documentaries on the X-1 and other X-Planes, and interviews with individuals that worked on the X-1 project. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the files that Louis Rotundo used for the research of his book,  Into the Unknown: The X-1 Story . The book \"describes the complete history of the world's first supersonic aircraft, the Bell X-1.\" Materials consist of manuscripts, reports, interview transcripts, news clippings, photographs, and multimedia. This collection provides insight into the history of the X-1 plane and the work of Louis Rotundo.","Series I: Manuscripts, 1989-1991, undated contains 11 manuscripts including  Forgotten Dawn  and  Into the Unknown . ","Series II: Research files, 1943-2013, undated contains 73 research files used by the author when writing Into the Unknown. Research files include reports, interview notes and transcripts, and news clippings.  ","Series III: Photographs, 1942-1995, undated contains 302 photographs, broken up into 8 subseries, including photographs of the Pinecastle Army Airfield tests and Muroc tests. Photographs also depict Bell company employees and aircrafts. ","Series IV: Multimedia files, 1946-2003, undated contains 27 multimedia, including VHS tapes, audio cassettes, floppy disks, and film. Media contains documentaries on the X-1 and other X-Planes, and interviews with individuals that worked on the X-1 project. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Copyright Statement"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_712b66cac3d836f1c027b0b6c1fbb1e4\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the files that Louis Rotundo used for the research of his book, Into the Unknown: The X-1 Story. The book \"describes the complete history of the world's first supersonic aircraft, the Bell X-1.\" Materials consist of manuscripts, reports, interview transcripts, news clippings, photographs, and multimedia. This collection provides insight into the history of the X-1 plane and the work of Louis Rotundo.\n\nLouis C. Rotundo was born on October 28, 1949. He graduated from the University of Central Florida (UCF) in 1975 and then worked for United States Senator Lawton Childes as an aide. Rotundo served as a lobbyist for the State of Florida and was employed by UCF from 1980 to 1988 as Special Assistant to the Director of the Florida Solar Energy Center (FSEC) and Special Assistant to the President of UCF from 1984 to 1987. After departing from UCF in 1988, Rotundo worked as the Principal of Louis Rotundo and Associates, a Central Florida based company that specializes in lobbying and consulting.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the files that Louis Rotundo used for the research of his book, Into the Unknown: The X-1 Story. The book \"describes the complete history of the world's first supersonic aircraft, the Bell X-1.\" Materials consist of manuscripts, reports, interview transcripts, news clippings, photographs, and multimedia. This collection provides insight into the history of the X-1 plane and the work of Louis Rotundo.\n\nLouis C. Rotundo was born on October 28, 1949. He graduated from the University of Central Florida (UCF) in 1975 and then worked for United States Senator Lawton Childes as an aide. Rotundo served as a lobbyist for the State of Florida and was employed by UCF from 1980 to 1988 as Special Assistant to the Director of the Florida Solar Energy Center (FSEC) and Special Assistant to the President of UCF from 1984 to 1987. After departing from UCF in 1988, Rotundo worked as the Principal of Louis Rotundo and Associates, a Central Florida based company that specializes in lobbying and consulting."],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Air Force","United States. Army","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","United States. Air Force","United States. Army","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration","Rotundo, Louis C."],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","United States. Air Force","United States. Army","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration"],"persname_ssim":["Rotundo, Louis C."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":437,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1878014774349922304,"_root_":"327a719ef39dc0daf945bfe2","timestamp":"2026-10-03T08:00:56.124Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/327a719ef39dc0daf945bfe2_aspace_864155f4cec26fce4888b725a165a9da"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Audubon Society Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary records, 1937-2019","value":"Audubon Society Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary records, 1937-2019","hits":246},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Audubon+Society+Corkscrew+Swamp+Sanctuary+records%2C+1937-2019\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1983"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Michael A. 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