{"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=48","prev":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=47","next":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=49","last":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=114"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":48,"next_page":49,"prev_page":47,"total_pages":114,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":470,"total_count":1140,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"cfc95d7f733d790136ba73f5","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Harry Harrison collection, 1964-2004, Date acquired: 00/00/2003","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/cfc95d7f733d790136ba73f5#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Harrison, Harry (1925-2012)"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/cfc95d7f733d790136ba73f5#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["The papers of science fiction writer Harry Harrison, who was probably best known for his Stainless Steel Rat character. The collection primarily consists of typescripts, setting copies, and copyedited proofs of many of Harrison's published and unpublished works as well as a small amount of correspondence. "],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/cfc95d7f733d790136ba73f5#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"cfc95d7f733d790136ba73f5","title_ssm":["Harry Harrison collection"],"title_tesim":["Harry Harrison collection"],"ead_ssi":"cfc95d7f733d790136ba73f5","unitdate_ssm":["1964-2004","Date acquired: 00/00/2003"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1964-2004"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 00/00/2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-2003-08","/repositories/2/resources/439"],"text":["MS-2003-08","/repositories/2/resources/439","Harry Harrison collection, 1964-2004, Date acquired: 00/00/2003","Science fiction -- American","Fantasy fiction -- American","Speculative fiction","The collection is organized into eleven alphabetically arranged series: Anthologies, Books, Comics, Correspondence, Courses, Essays, Lectures, Novelettes, Posters, Unpublished Manuscripts, and Videos.","Harry Harrison (1925 - 2012) was born Henry Maxwell Dempsey to Henry Leo and Ria (Kirjassoff) Harrison.  During the Depression, the elder Harrison worked intermittently as a newspaper compositor and proof-reader.  He first introduced Harry to science fiction as a seven-year-old, giving him a copy of the large-format pulp magazine Amazing Stories.  At the age of thirteen, Harry became a founding member of the Queens Chapter of the Science Fiction League; at the age of fifteen, he wrote his first fan letter, published in the Fall 1940 issue of Captain Future.","Upon graduating from Forest Hills High School (NY), Harrison was drafted into the U.S. Army Air Corps.  In 1944, while stationed in Laredo, Texas, he began studying the international language Esperanto, a lifelong pursuit and an influence on his later writings.  Discharged in 1946, Harrison eventually began studying art, attending the Manhattan Cartoonists and Illustrators School. The young illustrator teamed up with Wally Wood, and the two garnered the attention of Bill Gaines at E.C. Comics. Wood and Harrison persuaded Gaines to create a science fiction comic, and the editor responded with Weird Science.","Harrison's gradual move from illustration to writing began in the early 1950s when he was a member of the legendary New York Hydra Club (1946-1957/58),  founded in Frederick Pohl's Greenwich Village apartment.  During this period, Harrison developed an illness that limited his drawing abilities.  Using a typewriter, he wrote a short story called \"I Walk through the Rocks,\" which he sold to fellow Hydra member Damon Knight for $100.  Worlds Beyond published the story under the title \"Rock Diver\" in February 1951.  Harrison's second science fiction story, published under the pseudonym Felix Boyd, appeared in the September 1953 issue of  Rocket Stories.","In June 1954, Harrison married Joan Merkler, a dress designer and ballet dancer.  Harrison worked as an art director, a freelance comics script-writer and editor until the mid-1950s, when the scandal of Congressional hearings focused on Bill Gaines resulted in backlash, censoring, and the demise of E.C. Comics.  Harrison moved his family to Cuautla (Morelos) Mexico in 1956, so that he could work on Deathworld, his first full-length science fiction novel.  In August of the following year, Harrison published the short story, \"The Stainless Steel Rat,\" in John W. Campbell's Astounding Science Fiction.  This work introduced Harrison's most famous character, James Boliver, alias 'Slippery Jim' DiGriz.  Campbell's positive reception buoyed Harrison into writing more science fiction stories.  He rapidly became one of \"Campbell's writers,\" a group writers  now equated with the Golden Age of American science fiction.","During the early 1960s, Deathworld, Planet of the Damned and Vendetta for the Saint appeared in serialized form.  A novel he provisionally entitled If You Can Read This, You're Too Damn Close appeared in Frederick Pohl's Galaxy as \"Starsloggers\" and in Michael Moorcock's New Worlds under the title \"Bill, the Galactic Hero.\"  In 1965, he published his first short story collection, Two Tales and Eight Tomorrows, with an introduction by Brian Aldiss.  The two writers became lifelong friends and collaborators on over 20 science fiction anthologies.  Their most famous collaboration, the Best SF Series, was published consistently from 1967-1976.","During the late 1960s, the Harrisons returned to the United States, residing in San Diego, California.  Harrison's novels Plague from Space, The Technicolor Time Machine, Captive Universe, Spaceship Medic and Make Room! Make Room! appeared in print.  The latter formed the basis of the 1973 film, Soylent Green, for which Harrison received a \"Best Dramatic Presentation\" Nebula Award (1973).","In the 1970s, Harrison taught science fiction at San Diego State College and contributed to two college texts: A Science Fiction Reader (1973) and Science Fiction Novellas (1975).  During the decade, he edited 25 science fiction anthologies, including one in honor of his mentor-patron, John W. Campbell, who died in 1971.  Two years later, he and Brian Aldiss honored Campbell by establishing the John W. Campbell Memorial Award, an annual international juried award for the best science fiction novel.","Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, Harrison published his West of Eden trilogy, the first part of his Stars and Stripes Forever trilogy, five Bill, the Galactic Hero novels, and a number of short stories.  During this period, he formed collaborations with Tom Shippey, Jack Cohen, Robert E. Myers, and Marvin Minsky.  The first full-length study of Harrison's work, Harry Harrison by Leon Stover, appeared in 1990.","A prolific author, editor, fan, critic and historian of science fiction, Harrison's professional career spans more than five decades. He was the first president of the World SF (1978-80) and was nominated for three Nebula Awards and two Hugo Awards.  In 2001, Harrison celebrated his 50th anniversary as a science fiction writer by publishing 50 in 50, an anthology of his finest short stories.  He was inducted into the SF Hall of Fame in 2003.","Note written by ","published","This collection primarily consists of typescripts, setting copies, and copyedited proofs of many of Harrison's published and unpublished works as well as a small amount of correspondence.  Coverage of short stories dates from 1964-1987; coverage of novels dates from 1996-2002; correspondence dates from 1972-2004.  Editorial notation is prevalent throughout the collection.","None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.","The papers of science fiction writer Harry Harrison, who was probably best known for his Stainless Steel Rat character. The collection primarily consists of typescripts, setting copies, and copyedited proofs of many of Harrison's published and unpublished works as well as a small amount of correspondence. ","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Harrison, Harry (1925-2012)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-2003-08","/repositories/2/resources/439"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1964-2004, Date acquired: 00/00/2003"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Harry Harrison collection, 1964-2004, Date acquired: 00/00/2003"],"collection_title_tesim":["Harry Harrison collection, 1964-2004, Date acquired: 00/00/2003"],"collection_ssim":["Harry Harrison collection, 1964-2004, Date acquired: 00/00/2003"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Harrison, Harry (1925-2012)"],"creator_ssim":["Harrison, Harry (1925-2012)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Harrison, Harry (1925-2012)"],"creators_ssim":["Harrison, Harry (1925-2012)"],"access_terms_ssm":["None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Harry Harrison and David Merkler","Donation."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Science fiction -- American","Fantasy fiction -- American","Speculative fiction"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Science fiction -- American","Fantasy fiction -- American","Speculative fiction"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["10.00 Linear Feet","17 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["10.00 Linear Feet","17 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into eleven alphabetically arranged series: Anthologies, Books, Comics, Correspondence, Courses, Essays, Lectures, Novelettes, Posters, Unpublished Manuscripts, and Videos.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into eleven alphabetically arranged series: Anthologies, Books, Comics, Correspondence, Courses, Essays, Lectures, Novelettes, Posters, Unpublished Manuscripts, and Videos."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHarry Harrison (1925 - 2012) was born Henry Maxwell Dempsey to Henry Leo and Ria (Kirjassoff) Harrison.  During the Depression, the elder Harrison worked intermittently as a newspaper compositor and proof-reader.  He first introduced Harry to science fiction as a seven-year-old, giving him a copy of the large-format pulp magazine Amazing Stories.  At the age of thirteen, Harry became a founding member of the Queens Chapter of the Science Fiction League; at the age of fifteen, he wrote his first fan letter, published in the Fall 1940 issue of Captain Future.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUpon graduating from Forest Hills High School (NY), Harrison was drafted into the U.S. Army Air Corps.  In 1944, while stationed in Laredo, Texas, he began studying the international language Esperanto, a lifelong pursuit and an influence on his later writings.  Discharged in 1946, Harrison eventually began studying art, attending the Manhattan Cartoonists and Illustrators School. The young illustrator teamed up with Wally Wood, and the two garnered the attention of Bill Gaines at E.C. Comics. Wood and Harrison persuaded Gaines to create a science fiction comic, and the editor responded with Weird Science.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHarrison's gradual move from illustration to writing began in the early 1950s when he was a member of the legendary New York Hydra Club (1946-1957/58),  founded in Frederick Pohl's Greenwich Village apartment.  During this period, Harrison developed an illness that limited his drawing abilities.  Using a typewriter, he wrote a short story called \"I Walk through the Rocks,\" which he sold to fellow Hydra member Damon Knight for $100.  Worlds Beyond published the story under the title \"Rock Diver\" in February 1951.  Harrison's second science fiction story, published under the pseudonym Felix Boyd, appeared in the September 1953 issue of  Rocket Stories.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn June 1954, Harrison married Joan Merkler, a dress designer and ballet dancer.  Harrison worked as an art director, a freelance comics script-writer and editor until the mid-1950s, when the scandal of Congressional hearings focused on Bill Gaines resulted in backlash, censoring, and the demise of E.C. Comics.  Harrison moved his family to Cuautla (Morelos) Mexico in 1956, so that he could work on Deathworld, his first full-length science fiction novel.  In August of the following year, Harrison published the short story, \"The Stainless Steel Rat,\" in John W. Campbell's Astounding Science Fiction.  This work introduced Harrison's most famous character, James Boliver, alias 'Slippery Jim' DiGriz.  Campbell's positive reception buoyed Harrison into writing more science fiction stories.  He rapidly became one of \"Campbell's writers,\" a group writers  now equated with the Golden Age of American science fiction.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the early 1960s, Deathworld, Planet of the Damned and Vendetta for the Saint appeared in serialized form.  A novel he provisionally entitled If You Can Read This, You're Too Damn Close appeared in Frederick Pohl's Galaxy as \"Starsloggers\" and in Michael Moorcock's New Worlds under the title \"Bill, the Galactic Hero.\"  In 1965, he published his first short story collection, Two Tales and Eight Tomorrows, with an introduction by Brian Aldiss.  The two writers became lifelong friends and collaborators on over 20 science fiction anthologies.  Their most famous collaboration, the Best SF Series, was published consistently from 1967-1976.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the late 1960s, the Harrisons returned to the United States, residing in San Diego, California.  Harrison's novels Plague from Space, The Technicolor Time Machine, Captive Universe, Spaceship Medic and Make Room! Make Room! appeared in print.  The latter formed the basis of the 1973 film, Soylent Green, for which Harrison received a \"Best Dramatic Presentation\" Nebula Award (1973).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the 1970s, Harrison taught science fiction at San Diego State College and contributed to two college texts: A Science Fiction Reader (1973) and Science Fiction Novellas (1975).  During the decade, he edited 25 science fiction anthologies, including one in honor of his mentor-patron, John W. Campbell, who died in 1971.  Two years later, he and Brian Aldiss honored Campbell by establishing the John W. Campbell Memorial Award, an annual international juried award for the best science fiction novel.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThroughout the 1980s and 1990s, Harrison published his West of Eden trilogy, the first part of his Stars and Stripes Forever trilogy, five Bill, the Galactic Hero novels, and a number of short stories.  During this period, he formed collaborations with Tom Shippey, Jack Cohen, Robert E. Myers, and Marvin Minsky.  The first full-length study of Harrison's work, Harry Harrison by Leon Stover, appeared in 1990.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA prolific author, editor, fan, critic and historian of science fiction, Harrison's professional career spans more than five decades. He was the first president of the World SF (1978-80) and was nominated for three Nebula Awards and two Hugo Awards.  In 2001, Harrison celebrated his 50th anniversary as a science fiction writer by publishing 50 in 50, an anthology of his finest short stories.  He was inducted into the SF Hall of Fame in 2003.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Harry Harrison (1925 - 2012) was born Henry Maxwell Dempsey to Henry Leo and Ria (Kirjassoff) Harrison.  During the Depression, the elder Harrison worked intermittently as a newspaper compositor and proof-reader.  He first introduced Harry to science fiction as a seven-year-old, giving him a copy of the large-format pulp magazine Amazing Stories.  At the age of thirteen, Harry became a founding member of the Queens Chapter of the Science Fiction League; at the age of fifteen, he wrote his first fan letter, published in the Fall 1940 issue of Captain Future.","Upon graduating from Forest Hills High School (NY), Harrison was drafted into the U.S. Army Air Corps.  In 1944, while stationed in Laredo, Texas, he began studying the international language Esperanto, a lifelong pursuit and an influence on his later writings.  Discharged in 1946, Harrison eventually began studying art, attending the Manhattan Cartoonists and Illustrators School. The young illustrator teamed up with Wally Wood, and the two garnered the attention of Bill Gaines at E.C. Comics. Wood and Harrison persuaded Gaines to create a science fiction comic, and the editor responded with Weird Science.","Harrison's gradual move from illustration to writing began in the early 1950s when he was a member of the legendary New York Hydra Club (1946-1957/58),  founded in Frederick Pohl's Greenwich Village apartment.  During this period, Harrison developed an illness that limited his drawing abilities.  Using a typewriter, he wrote a short story called \"I Walk through the Rocks,\" which he sold to fellow Hydra member Damon Knight for $100.  Worlds Beyond published the story under the title \"Rock Diver\" in February 1951.  Harrison's second science fiction story, published under the pseudonym Felix Boyd, appeared in the September 1953 issue of  Rocket Stories.","In June 1954, Harrison married Joan Merkler, a dress designer and ballet dancer.  Harrison worked as an art director, a freelance comics script-writer and editor until the mid-1950s, when the scandal of Congressional hearings focused on Bill Gaines resulted in backlash, censoring, and the demise of E.C. Comics.  Harrison moved his family to Cuautla (Morelos) Mexico in 1956, so that he could work on Deathworld, his first full-length science fiction novel.  In August of the following year, Harrison published the short story, \"The Stainless Steel Rat,\" in John W. Campbell's Astounding Science Fiction.  This work introduced Harrison's most famous character, James Boliver, alias 'Slippery Jim' DiGriz.  Campbell's positive reception buoyed Harrison into writing more science fiction stories.  He rapidly became one of \"Campbell's writers,\" a group writers  now equated with the Golden Age of American science fiction.","During the early 1960s, Deathworld, Planet of the Damned and Vendetta for the Saint appeared in serialized form.  A novel he provisionally entitled If You Can Read This, You're Too Damn Close appeared in Frederick Pohl's Galaxy as \"Starsloggers\" and in Michael Moorcock's New Worlds under the title \"Bill, the Galactic Hero.\"  In 1965, he published his first short story collection, Two Tales and Eight Tomorrows, with an introduction by Brian Aldiss.  The two writers became lifelong friends and collaborators on over 20 science fiction anthologies.  Their most famous collaboration, the Best SF Series, was published consistently from 1967-1976.","During the late 1960s, the Harrisons returned to the United States, residing in San Diego, California.  Harrison's novels Plague from Space, The Technicolor Time Machine, Captive Universe, Spaceship Medic and Make Room! Make Room! appeared in print.  The latter formed the basis of the 1973 film, Soylent Green, for which Harrison received a \"Best Dramatic Presentation\" Nebula Award (1973).","In the 1970s, Harrison taught science fiction at San Diego State College and contributed to two college texts: A Science Fiction Reader (1973) and Science Fiction Novellas (1975).  During the decade, he edited 25 science fiction anthologies, including one in honor of his mentor-patron, John W. Campbell, who died in 1971.  Two years later, he and Brian Aldiss honored Campbell by establishing the John W. Campbell Memorial Award, an annual international juried award for the best science fiction novel.","Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, Harrison published his West of Eden trilogy, the first part of his Stars and Stripes Forever trilogy, five Bill, the Galactic Hero novels, and a number of short stories.  During this period, he formed collaborations with Tom Shippey, Jack Cohen, Robert E. Myers, and Marvin Minsky.  The first full-length study of Harrison's work, Harry Harrison by Leon Stover, appeared in 1990.","A prolific author, editor, fan, critic and historian of science fiction, Harrison's professional career spans more than five decades. He was the first president of the World SF (1978-80) and was nominated for three Nebula Awards and two Hugo Awards.  In 2001, Harrison celebrated his 50th anniversary as a science fiction writer by publishing 50 in 50, an anthology of his finest short stories.  He was inducted into the SF Hall of Fame in 2003.","Note written by "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003epublished\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Other Descriptive Information"],"odd_tesim":["published"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHarry Harrison Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Harry Harrison Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection primarily consists of typescripts, setting copies, and copyedited proofs of many of Harrison's published and unpublished works as well as a small amount of correspondence.\u0026#xA0; Coverage of short stories dates from 1964-1987; coverage of novels dates from 1996-2002; correspondence dates from 1972-2004.\u0026#xA0; Editorial notation is prevalent throughout the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection primarily consists of typescripts, setting copies, and copyedited proofs of many of Harrison's published and unpublished works as well as a small amount of correspondence.  Coverage of short stories dates from 1964-1987; coverage of novels dates from 1996-2002; correspondence dates from 1972-2004.  Editorial notation is prevalent throughout the collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_64c0cb274364750baf6307962fdbc5a1\"\u003eThe papers of science fiction writer Harry Harrison, who was probably best known for his Stainless Steel Rat character. The collection primarily consists of typescripts, setting copies, and copyedited proofs of many of Harrison's published and unpublished works as well as a small amount of correspondence.\u0026#xA0;\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The papers of science fiction writer Harry Harrison, who was probably best known for his Stainless Steel Rat character. The collection primarily consists of typescripts, setting copies, and copyedited proofs of many of Harrison's published and unpublished works as well as a small amount of correspondence. "],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Harrison, Harry (1925-2012)"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Harrison, Harry (1925-2012)"],"persname_ssim":["Harrison, Harry (1925-2012)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":124,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870863117407223808,"_root_":"cfc95d7f733d790136ba73f5","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:28:24.581Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"cfc95d7f733d790136ba73f5","title_ssm":["Harry Harrison collection"],"title_tesim":["Harry Harrison collection"],"ead_ssi":"cfc95d7f733d790136ba73f5","unitdate_ssm":["1964-2004","Date acquired: 00/00/2003"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1964-2004"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 00/00/2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-2003-08","/repositories/2/resources/439"],"text":["MS-2003-08","/repositories/2/resources/439","Harry Harrison collection, 1964-2004, Date acquired: 00/00/2003","Science fiction -- American","Fantasy fiction -- American","Speculative fiction","The collection is organized into eleven alphabetically arranged series: Anthologies, Books, Comics, Correspondence, Courses, Essays, Lectures, Novelettes, Posters, Unpublished Manuscripts, and Videos.","Harry Harrison (1925 - 2012) was born Henry Maxwell Dempsey to Henry Leo and Ria (Kirjassoff) Harrison.  During the Depression, the elder Harrison worked intermittently as a newspaper compositor and proof-reader.  He first introduced Harry to science fiction as a seven-year-old, giving him a copy of the large-format pulp magazine Amazing Stories.  At the age of thirteen, Harry became a founding member of the Queens Chapter of the Science Fiction League; at the age of fifteen, he wrote his first fan letter, published in the Fall 1940 issue of Captain Future.","Upon graduating from Forest Hills High School (NY), Harrison was drafted into the U.S. Army Air Corps.  In 1944, while stationed in Laredo, Texas, he began studying the international language Esperanto, a lifelong pursuit and an influence on his later writings.  Discharged in 1946, Harrison eventually began studying art, attending the Manhattan Cartoonists and Illustrators School. The young illustrator teamed up with Wally Wood, and the two garnered the attention of Bill Gaines at E.C. Comics. Wood and Harrison persuaded Gaines to create a science fiction comic, and the editor responded with Weird Science.","Harrison's gradual move from illustration to writing began in the early 1950s when he was a member of the legendary New York Hydra Club (1946-1957/58),  founded in Frederick Pohl's Greenwich Village apartment.  During this period, Harrison developed an illness that limited his drawing abilities.  Using a typewriter, he wrote a short story called \"I Walk through the Rocks,\" which he sold to fellow Hydra member Damon Knight for $100.  Worlds Beyond published the story under the title \"Rock Diver\" in February 1951.  Harrison's second science fiction story, published under the pseudonym Felix Boyd, appeared in the September 1953 issue of  Rocket Stories.","In June 1954, Harrison married Joan Merkler, a dress designer and ballet dancer.  Harrison worked as an art director, a freelance comics script-writer and editor until the mid-1950s, when the scandal of Congressional hearings focused on Bill Gaines resulted in backlash, censoring, and the demise of E.C. Comics.  Harrison moved his family to Cuautla (Morelos) Mexico in 1956, so that he could work on Deathworld, his first full-length science fiction novel.  In August of the following year, Harrison published the short story, \"The Stainless Steel Rat,\" in John W. Campbell's Astounding Science Fiction.  This work introduced Harrison's most famous character, James Boliver, alias 'Slippery Jim' DiGriz.  Campbell's positive reception buoyed Harrison into writing more science fiction stories.  He rapidly became one of \"Campbell's writers,\" a group writers  now equated with the Golden Age of American science fiction.","During the early 1960s, Deathworld, Planet of the Damned and Vendetta for the Saint appeared in serialized form.  A novel he provisionally entitled If You Can Read This, You're Too Damn Close appeared in Frederick Pohl's Galaxy as \"Starsloggers\" and in Michael Moorcock's New Worlds under the title \"Bill, the Galactic Hero.\"  In 1965, he published his first short story collection, Two Tales and Eight Tomorrows, with an introduction by Brian Aldiss.  The two writers became lifelong friends and collaborators on over 20 science fiction anthologies.  Their most famous collaboration, the Best SF Series, was published consistently from 1967-1976.","During the late 1960s, the Harrisons returned to the United States, residing in San Diego, California.  Harrison's novels Plague from Space, The Technicolor Time Machine, Captive Universe, Spaceship Medic and Make Room! Make Room! appeared in print.  The latter formed the basis of the 1973 film, Soylent Green, for which Harrison received a \"Best Dramatic Presentation\" Nebula Award (1973).","In the 1970s, Harrison taught science fiction at San Diego State College and contributed to two college texts: A Science Fiction Reader (1973) and Science Fiction Novellas (1975).  During the decade, he edited 25 science fiction anthologies, including one in honor of his mentor-patron, John W. Campbell, who died in 1971.  Two years later, he and Brian Aldiss honored Campbell by establishing the John W. Campbell Memorial Award, an annual international juried award for the best science fiction novel.","Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, Harrison published his West of Eden trilogy, the first part of his Stars and Stripes Forever trilogy, five Bill, the Galactic Hero novels, and a number of short stories.  During this period, he formed collaborations with Tom Shippey, Jack Cohen, Robert E. Myers, and Marvin Minsky.  The first full-length study of Harrison's work, Harry Harrison by Leon Stover, appeared in 1990.","A prolific author, editor, fan, critic and historian of science fiction, Harrison's professional career spans more than five decades. He was the first president of the World SF (1978-80) and was nominated for three Nebula Awards and two Hugo Awards.  In 2001, Harrison celebrated his 50th anniversary as a science fiction writer by publishing 50 in 50, an anthology of his finest short stories.  He was inducted into the SF Hall of Fame in 2003.","Note written by ","published","This collection primarily consists of typescripts, setting copies, and copyedited proofs of many of Harrison's published and unpublished works as well as a small amount of correspondence.  Coverage of short stories dates from 1964-1987; coverage of novels dates from 1996-2002; correspondence dates from 1972-2004.  Editorial notation is prevalent throughout the collection.","None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.","The papers of science fiction writer Harry Harrison, who was probably best known for his Stainless Steel Rat character. The collection primarily consists of typescripts, setting copies, and copyedited proofs of many of Harrison's published and unpublished works as well as a small amount of correspondence. ","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Harrison, Harry (1925-2012)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-2003-08","/repositories/2/resources/439"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1964-2004, Date acquired: 00/00/2003"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Harry Harrison collection, 1964-2004, Date acquired: 00/00/2003"],"collection_title_tesim":["Harry Harrison collection, 1964-2004, Date acquired: 00/00/2003"],"collection_ssim":["Harry Harrison collection, 1964-2004, Date acquired: 00/00/2003"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Harrison, Harry (1925-2012)"],"creator_ssim":["Harrison, Harry (1925-2012)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Harrison, Harry (1925-2012)"],"creators_ssim":["Harrison, Harry (1925-2012)"],"access_terms_ssm":["None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Harry Harrison and David Merkler","Donation."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Science fiction -- American","Fantasy fiction -- American","Speculative fiction"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Science fiction -- American","Fantasy fiction -- American","Speculative fiction"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["10.00 Linear Feet","17 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["10.00 Linear Feet","17 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into eleven alphabetically arranged series: Anthologies, Books, Comics, Correspondence, Courses, Essays, Lectures, Novelettes, Posters, Unpublished Manuscripts, and Videos.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into eleven alphabetically arranged series: Anthologies, Books, Comics, Correspondence, Courses, Essays, Lectures, Novelettes, Posters, Unpublished Manuscripts, and Videos."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHarry Harrison (1925 - 2012) was born Henry Maxwell Dempsey to Henry Leo and Ria (Kirjassoff) Harrison.  During the Depression, the elder Harrison worked intermittently as a newspaper compositor and proof-reader.  He first introduced Harry to science fiction as a seven-year-old, giving him a copy of the large-format pulp magazine Amazing Stories.  At the age of thirteen, Harry became a founding member of the Queens Chapter of the Science Fiction League; at the age of fifteen, he wrote his first fan letter, published in the Fall 1940 issue of Captain Future.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUpon graduating from Forest Hills High School (NY), Harrison was drafted into the U.S. Army Air Corps.  In 1944, while stationed in Laredo, Texas, he began studying the international language Esperanto, a lifelong pursuit and an influence on his later writings.  Discharged in 1946, Harrison eventually began studying art, attending the Manhattan Cartoonists and Illustrators School. The young illustrator teamed up with Wally Wood, and the two garnered the attention of Bill Gaines at E.C. Comics. Wood and Harrison persuaded Gaines to create a science fiction comic, and the editor responded with Weird Science.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHarrison's gradual move from illustration to writing began in the early 1950s when he was a member of the legendary New York Hydra Club (1946-1957/58),  founded in Frederick Pohl's Greenwich Village apartment.  During this period, Harrison developed an illness that limited his drawing abilities.  Using a typewriter, he wrote a short story called \"I Walk through the Rocks,\" which he sold to fellow Hydra member Damon Knight for $100.  Worlds Beyond published the story under the title \"Rock Diver\" in February 1951.  Harrison's second science fiction story, published under the pseudonym Felix Boyd, appeared in the September 1953 issue of  Rocket Stories.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn June 1954, Harrison married Joan Merkler, a dress designer and ballet dancer.  Harrison worked as an art director, a freelance comics script-writer and editor until the mid-1950s, when the scandal of Congressional hearings focused on Bill Gaines resulted in backlash, censoring, and the demise of E.C. Comics.  Harrison moved his family to Cuautla (Morelos) Mexico in 1956, so that he could work on Deathworld, his first full-length science fiction novel.  In August of the following year, Harrison published the short story, \"The Stainless Steel Rat,\" in John W. Campbell's Astounding Science Fiction.  This work introduced Harrison's most famous character, James Boliver, alias 'Slippery Jim' DiGriz.  Campbell's positive reception buoyed Harrison into writing more science fiction stories.  He rapidly became one of \"Campbell's writers,\" a group writers  now equated with the Golden Age of American science fiction.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the early 1960s, Deathworld, Planet of the Damned and Vendetta for the Saint appeared in serialized form.  A novel he provisionally entitled If You Can Read This, You're Too Damn Close appeared in Frederick Pohl's Galaxy as \"Starsloggers\" and in Michael Moorcock's New Worlds under the title \"Bill, the Galactic Hero.\"  In 1965, he published his first short story collection, Two Tales and Eight Tomorrows, with an introduction by Brian Aldiss.  The two writers became lifelong friends and collaborators on over 20 science fiction anthologies.  Their most famous collaboration, the Best SF Series, was published consistently from 1967-1976.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the late 1960s, the Harrisons returned to the United States, residing in San Diego, California.  Harrison's novels Plague from Space, The Technicolor Time Machine, Captive Universe, Spaceship Medic and Make Room! Make Room! appeared in print.  The latter formed the basis of the 1973 film, Soylent Green, for which Harrison received a \"Best Dramatic Presentation\" Nebula Award (1973).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the 1970s, Harrison taught science fiction at San Diego State College and contributed to two college texts: A Science Fiction Reader (1973) and Science Fiction Novellas (1975).  During the decade, he edited 25 science fiction anthologies, including one in honor of his mentor-patron, John W. Campbell, who died in 1971.  Two years later, he and Brian Aldiss honored Campbell by establishing the John W. Campbell Memorial Award, an annual international juried award for the best science fiction novel.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThroughout the 1980s and 1990s, Harrison published his West of Eden trilogy, the first part of his Stars and Stripes Forever trilogy, five Bill, the Galactic Hero novels, and a number of short stories.  During this period, he formed collaborations with Tom Shippey, Jack Cohen, Robert E. Myers, and Marvin Minsky.  The first full-length study of Harrison's work, Harry Harrison by Leon Stover, appeared in 1990.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA prolific author, editor, fan, critic and historian of science fiction, Harrison's professional career spans more than five decades. He was the first president of the World SF (1978-80) and was nominated for three Nebula Awards and two Hugo Awards.  In 2001, Harrison celebrated his 50th anniversary as a science fiction writer by publishing 50 in 50, an anthology of his finest short stories.  He was inducted into the SF Hall of Fame in 2003.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Harry Harrison (1925 - 2012) was born Henry Maxwell Dempsey to Henry Leo and Ria (Kirjassoff) Harrison.  During the Depression, the elder Harrison worked intermittently as a newspaper compositor and proof-reader.  He first introduced Harry to science fiction as a seven-year-old, giving him a copy of the large-format pulp magazine Amazing Stories.  At the age of thirteen, Harry became a founding member of the Queens Chapter of the Science Fiction League; at the age of fifteen, he wrote his first fan letter, published in the Fall 1940 issue of Captain Future.","Upon graduating from Forest Hills High School (NY), Harrison was drafted into the U.S. Army Air Corps.  In 1944, while stationed in Laredo, Texas, he began studying the international language Esperanto, a lifelong pursuit and an influence on his later writings.  Discharged in 1946, Harrison eventually began studying art, attending the Manhattan Cartoonists and Illustrators School. The young illustrator teamed up with Wally Wood, and the two garnered the attention of Bill Gaines at E.C. Comics. Wood and Harrison persuaded Gaines to create a science fiction comic, and the editor responded with Weird Science.","Harrison's gradual move from illustration to writing began in the early 1950s when he was a member of the legendary New York Hydra Club (1946-1957/58),  founded in Frederick Pohl's Greenwich Village apartment.  During this period, Harrison developed an illness that limited his drawing abilities.  Using a typewriter, he wrote a short story called \"I Walk through the Rocks,\" which he sold to fellow Hydra member Damon Knight for $100.  Worlds Beyond published the story under the title \"Rock Diver\" in February 1951.  Harrison's second science fiction story, published under the pseudonym Felix Boyd, appeared in the September 1953 issue of  Rocket Stories.","In June 1954, Harrison married Joan Merkler, a dress designer and ballet dancer.  Harrison worked as an art director, a freelance comics script-writer and editor until the mid-1950s, when the scandal of Congressional hearings focused on Bill Gaines resulted in backlash, censoring, and the demise of E.C. Comics.  Harrison moved his family to Cuautla (Morelos) Mexico in 1956, so that he could work on Deathworld, his first full-length science fiction novel.  In August of the following year, Harrison published the short story, \"The Stainless Steel Rat,\" in John W. Campbell's Astounding Science Fiction.  This work introduced Harrison's most famous character, James Boliver, alias 'Slippery Jim' DiGriz.  Campbell's positive reception buoyed Harrison into writing more science fiction stories.  He rapidly became one of \"Campbell's writers,\" a group writers  now equated with the Golden Age of American science fiction.","During the early 1960s, Deathworld, Planet of the Damned and Vendetta for the Saint appeared in serialized form.  A novel he provisionally entitled If You Can Read This, You're Too Damn Close appeared in Frederick Pohl's Galaxy as \"Starsloggers\" and in Michael Moorcock's New Worlds under the title \"Bill, the Galactic Hero.\"  In 1965, he published his first short story collection, Two Tales and Eight Tomorrows, with an introduction by Brian Aldiss.  The two writers became lifelong friends and collaborators on over 20 science fiction anthologies.  Their most famous collaboration, the Best SF Series, was published consistently from 1967-1976.","During the late 1960s, the Harrisons returned to the United States, residing in San Diego, California.  Harrison's novels Plague from Space, The Technicolor Time Machine, Captive Universe, Spaceship Medic and Make Room! Make Room! appeared in print.  The latter formed the basis of the 1973 film, Soylent Green, for which Harrison received a \"Best Dramatic Presentation\" Nebula Award (1973).","In the 1970s, Harrison taught science fiction at San Diego State College and contributed to two college texts: A Science Fiction Reader (1973) and Science Fiction Novellas (1975).  During the decade, he edited 25 science fiction anthologies, including one in honor of his mentor-patron, John W. Campbell, who died in 1971.  Two years later, he and Brian Aldiss honored Campbell by establishing the John W. Campbell Memorial Award, an annual international juried award for the best science fiction novel.","Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, Harrison published his West of Eden trilogy, the first part of his Stars and Stripes Forever trilogy, five Bill, the Galactic Hero novels, and a number of short stories.  During this period, he formed collaborations with Tom Shippey, Jack Cohen, Robert E. Myers, and Marvin Minsky.  The first full-length study of Harrison's work, Harry Harrison by Leon Stover, appeared in 1990.","A prolific author, editor, fan, critic and historian of science fiction, Harrison's professional career spans more than five decades. He was the first president of the World SF (1978-80) and was nominated for three Nebula Awards and two Hugo Awards.  In 2001, Harrison celebrated his 50th anniversary as a science fiction writer by publishing 50 in 50, an anthology of his finest short stories.  He was inducted into the SF Hall of Fame in 2003.","Note written by "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003epublished\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Other Descriptive Information"],"odd_tesim":["published"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHarry Harrison Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Harry Harrison Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection primarily consists of typescripts, setting copies, and copyedited proofs of many of Harrison's published and unpublished works as well as a small amount of correspondence.\u0026#xA0; Coverage of short stories dates from 1964-1987; coverage of novels dates from 1996-2002; correspondence dates from 1972-2004.\u0026#xA0; Editorial notation is prevalent throughout the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection primarily consists of typescripts, setting copies, and copyedited proofs of many of Harrison's published and unpublished works as well as a small amount of correspondence.  Coverage of short stories dates from 1964-1987; coverage of novels dates from 1996-2002; correspondence dates from 1972-2004.  Editorial notation is prevalent throughout the collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_64c0cb274364750baf6307962fdbc5a1\"\u003eThe papers of science fiction writer Harry Harrison, who was probably best known for his Stainless Steel Rat character. The collection primarily consists of typescripts, setting copies, and copyedited proofs of many of Harrison's published and unpublished works as well as a small amount of correspondence.\u0026#xA0;\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The papers of science fiction writer Harry Harrison, who was probably best known for his Stainless Steel Rat character. The collection primarily consists of typescripts, setting copies, and copyedited proofs of many of Harrison's published and unpublished works as well as a small amount of correspondence. "],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Harrison, Harry (1925-2012)"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Harrison, Harry (1925-2012)"],"persname_ssim":["Harrison, Harry (1925-2012)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":124,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870863117407223808,"_root_":"cfc95d7f733d790136ba73f5","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:28:24.581Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/cfc95d7f733d790136ba73f5"}},{"id":"5f967fc8601f35fa42db0563","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Harry K. Hudson collection, 1934-1987, bulk 1953-1981","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5f967fc8601f35fa42db0563#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Hudson, Harry K."],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5f967fc8601f35fa42db0563#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Harry K. Hudson, the Boys' Book collector who was one the sources for many of USF's resources in its Children's and Young Adult Literature Collections, was an avid collector of adventure novels, particularly serialized boys' books."],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5f967fc8601f35fa42db0563#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"5f967fc8601f35fa42db0563","title_ssm":["Harry K. Hudson collection"],"title_tesim":["Harry K. Hudson collection"],"ead_ssi":"5f967fc8601f35fa42db0563","unitdate_ssm":["1934-1987","1953-1981"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1953-1981"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1934-1987"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["H37","/repositories/2/resources/130"],"text":["H37","/repositories/2/resources/130","Harry K. Hudson collection, 1934-1987, bulk 1953-1981","Book collecting -- Florida","Children's literature","Children's literature in series","Children","Swift, Tom (Fictitious character)","Children's stories","Dime novels","The collection is arranged topically, with the major divisions being Hudson's materials on various authors, his personal papers, assorted bibliographies, magazines, and his correspondence, all arranged alphabetically. Hudson's correspondence and personal papers are grouped by topic or person, which leads to some small overlaps between correspondence and personal boxes (for example, a folder in a personal box might have correspondence, but is mixed with other materials related to the subject being discussed).","published","processed","John T. Dizer papers, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","Hudson's collection documents his research for his bibliographies, his collecting, and his correspondence with others interested in children's literature.","None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","Harry K. Hudson, the Boys' Book collector who was one the sources for many of USF's resources in its Children's and Young Adult Literature Collections, was an avid collector of adventure novels, particularly serialized boys' books.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Hudson, Harry K.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["H37","/repositories/2/resources/130"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1934-1987, bulk 1953-1981"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Harry K. Hudson collection, 1934-1987, bulk 1953-1981"],"collection_title_tesim":["Harry K. Hudson collection, 1934-1987, bulk 1953-1981"],"collection_ssim":["Harry K. 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Hudson's correspondence and personal papers are grouped by topic or person, which leads to some small overlaps between correspondence and personal boxes (for example, a folder in a personal box might have correspondence, but is mixed with other materials related to the subject being discussed).\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged topically, with the major divisions being Hudson's materials on various authors, his personal papers, assorted bibliographies, magazines, and his correspondence, all arranged alphabetically. Hudson's correspondence and personal papers are grouped by topic or person, which leads to some small overlaps between correspondence and personal boxes (for example, a folder in a personal box might have correspondence, but is mixed with other materials related to the subject being discussed)."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003epublished\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Other Descriptive Information"],"odd_tesim":["published"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHarry K. Hudson Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Harry K. Hudson Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eprocessed\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["processed"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn T. Dizer papers, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["John T. Dizer papers, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHudson's collection documents his research for his bibliographies, his collecting, and his correspondence with others interested in children's literature.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Hudson's collection documents his research for his bibliographies, his collecting, and his correspondence with others interested in children's literature."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0; The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a6431d77af526243c6a9dffd8eff4775\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eHarry K. 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Hudson, the Boys' Book collector who was one the sources for many of USF's resources in its Children's and Young Adult Literature Collections, was an avid collector of adventure novels, particularly serialized boys' books."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Hudson, Harry K."],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Hudson, Harry K."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":125,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870862429216309248,"_root_":"5f967fc8601f35fa42db0563","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:17:28.271Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"5f967fc8601f35fa42db0563","title_ssm":["Harry K. Hudson collection"],"title_tesim":["Harry K. 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Hudson's correspondence and personal papers are grouped by topic or person, which leads to some small overlaps between correspondence and personal boxes (for example, a folder in a personal box might have correspondence, but is mixed with other materials related to the subject being discussed)."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003epublished\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Other Descriptive Information"],"odd_tesim":["published"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHarry K. Hudson Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Harry K. Hudson Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eprocessed\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["processed"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn T. Dizer papers, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["John T. Dizer papers, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHudson's collection documents his research for his bibliographies, his collecting, and his correspondence with others interested in children's literature.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Hudson's collection documents his research for his bibliographies, his collecting, and his correspondence with others interested in children's literature."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0; The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a6431d77af526243c6a9dffd8eff4775\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eHarry K. Hudson, the Boys' Book collector who was one the sources for many of USF's resources in its Children's and Young Adult Literature Collections, was an avid collector of adventure novels, particularly serialized boys' books.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Harry K. Hudson, the Boys' Book collector who was one the sources for many of USF's resources in its Children's and Young Adult Literature Collections, was an avid collector of adventure novels, particularly serialized boys' books."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Hudson, Harry K."],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Hudson, Harry K."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":125,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870862429216309248,"_root_":"5f967fc8601f35fa42db0563","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:17:28.271Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5f967fc8601f35fa42db0563"}},{"id":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hasterlik-Hine collection consists personal correspondence between Giulia Kortischoner (married name Hine) and her family and friends. The personal correspondence consists of letters, postcards, get-well-soon cards, greeting cards, and a small number of travel documents. The collection contains discussions about the Holocaust, life as a Jewish refugee, and the progress of the war and life afterwards.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","title_filing_ssi":"Hasterlik-Hine collection","title_ssm":["Hasterlik-Hine collection"],"title_tesim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection"],"ead_ssi":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","unitdate_ssm":["1700-2000","Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1700-2000"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["98.0729","/repositories/10/resources/110"],"text":["98.0729","/repositories/10/resources/110","Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04","World War, 1939-1945","Jewish refugees--Germany--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--United States","World War, 1939-1945--Africa","World War, 1939-1945--Japan","World War, 1939-1945--Children","World War, 1939-1945--Censorship","World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--United States","United States--Race relations--History--20th century","Protestantism--20th century","Emigration and immigration","United States--Emigration and immigration--History--20th century","Formulas, recipes, etc.","New York World's Fair (1939-1940 : New York, N.Y.)","Burgtheater (Vienna, Austria)","Get-well cards","Children's drawings","Save the Children International Union","Poliomyelitis","Catholicism","Women--Employment--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Western Front","Nuns","Obstetrics","Child rearing in literature","Women--Employment--United States--History--20th century","Rationing","Diphtheria","V-J Day, 1945","Atomic bomb--History--20th century","Naturalization--United States","V-E Day, 1945","Theresienstadt (Concentration camp)","Switzerland--Social life and customs","Austria--History--Allied occupation, 1945-1955","United States--Social life and customs--1945-1970","Concentration Camps","World War, 1939-1945--Underground movements--Greece","Gurs (Concentration camp)","Education--Austria","Europe--Social conditions--20th century","United States--Social conditions--20th century","Africa--Race relations","Nuremberg War Crime Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, 1946-1949","Antisemitism","Infatuation","Kinderhilfswerk","Jews--Austria--Vienna--History","Scarcity","Gynecology","Personal correspondence","Postcards.","This collection is open to all researchers.","Giulia M. Kortischoner (married Hine) was born in Vienna, Austria on September 30, 1925 and passed away on June 16, 2015 in Boulder, Colorado.  \nOnly thirteen years old when World War II began, Giulia Koritschoner came of age in a time of uncertainty and chaos. Despite the context in which Giulia grew up, however, the letters of the Hasterlik-Hine collection demonstrate the fact that, for those on the home front, daily life often continued on as normal. Indeed, Giulia's correspondence throughout 1942 regularly includes cheerful greeting cards for holidays that are decorated with personalized drawings and beautiful calligraphy. These letters were sent from not only family members but also a vast array of friends and acquaintances that Giulia made throughout the war years. Giulia's letters to and from schoolmates portray scenes of growing up that remained largely unchanged even in times of war. This is particularly evident in Giulia's letters to and from Margaret Wolf, a friend from Schaffhausen who evolved from sending letters complaining about disliked teachers and unbearably boring school lessons to letters that explained her fears about graduating from school and having to enter the workforce. Giulia's own letters mirror this development, as she wrote to her family contemplating a variety of jobs, from a lab technician to a stenographer to a masseuse. Even in the midst of the war, the possibilities for the future seemed endless. \nYet, elements of the war do seep into many of the letters. Discussions of rationing figure prominently in much of Giulia's correspondence, as Ällägg Bechtold, a school friend from Schaffhausen, described how school was let out early in the spring because of a shortage of coal to keep students warm. Margaret Wolf complained that bakeries purposely sold old bread because it was thought that individuals would consume it more slowly than fresh bread. Even the letter that Giulia's school principal sent to her was written not on regular paper but rather on postcards that students were encouraged to fill with holiday greetings and send to soldiers in order to boost their morale. Many of Giulia's letters to and from her family during this time contain anxiety about Giulia's grandfather, Paul Hasterlik, who remained behind in Vienna while the rest of the family escaped. Although attempts were made to organize his passage to the United States, these efforts ultimately proved unsuccessful, and the letters reflect concerns about everything from whether Paul was able to find food to whether he was, in fact, actively being \"tormented.\" Although letters from Paul contained joy about Giulia's recovery from polio and excitement about her prospects for the future, he remained vague in descriptions of his own life, only briefly mentioning that he was forced to move to another apartment in Vienna. \nOther members of Giulia's family struggled during this time as well. Mia Hasterlik's letters outline her difficulties finding suitable employment in New York while living in unpleasant conditions. Perhaps most dramatically, Susi Weiss, Giulia's older sister who moved to Nairobi at the beginning of the war, describes the emotional and physical abuse to which her husband subjected her to and her overwhelming happiness at finally being free of him. This vast array of voices and subject matter reflected in the Hasterlik-Hine collection depict a strange intersection between war and daily life that occurred for those living on the home front during World War II. Ultimately, the collection offers an invaluable glimpse of what it means to come of age in a time of war, highlighting the fears, delights, and amusements that punctuated daily life. \nAs World War II came to an end in 1945, individuals across the globe celebrated the cessation of one of the deadliest conflicts in human history. Yet, for many people, the end of the war did not necessarily mean a return to normal life. The letters of the Hasterlik-Hine Collection provide a nuanced first-hand account of the tumultuous period following the end of the war, chronicling the story of a family that had to cope with not only the loss of family members and friends but also, perhaps most significantly, the loss of a homeland. Letters from Mia Hasterlik to her daughter, Giulia Koritschoner, highlight the joy with which the end of the war was received in the United States, expressing disbelief at the fact that \"this nightmare is really past, that it's over,\" and expressing excitement at a future that was \"spreading more beautiful in front of our eyes.\" Mia described the jubilation with which VE Day (Victory in Europe) and VJ Day (Victory over Japan) were celebrated in New York, where \"all the people [were] happy and drunk and all the soldiers and sailors [were] out of their minds. All the girls got kissed, everybody had lipstick on their faces, thousands of tons of paper, which people had thrown out their windows.\"Underlying the joy of these letters, however, was a lingering sense of sadness and loss. Mia lamented the \"heavy, irreplaceable loss\" of her father, Paul Hasterlik, who died at Theresienstadt in 1944. While Giulia expressed nostalgia for the Vienna that she was forced to flee from at the beginning of the war, Mia instead stated, \"I have no yearning whatsoever for Vienna, could never return. Because of… all the crimes which they carried out with their 'Golden Viennese Hearts.'\" Much of the correspondence during this time also highlights the desperate search for missing family members and friends that took place after the war. Mia, in particular, made frantic attempts to find Boni, an old family friend who had stayed behind in Vienna with Paul, and Ellen Christansen, a childhood friend of Giulia's who was also forced to remain in Vienna. \nExcitement over Giulia Koritschoner's upcoming trip to the United States characterizes many of the post-war letters, as does joy about reconnecting with the family friends that the Hasterlik-Hine family had lost contact with during the war. However, the final portion of the collection contains numerous insights, offering a view into the difficulties that accompanied post-war life in Austria. Supplies were so scarce that \"people had to fetch water in buckets an hour away on foot after having stood in line for an hour\" and had to \"take long walks in the woods to find small pieces of wood to have a little bit of heat.\" Yet, perceptions of the former Axis powers varied dramatically. Mia felt pity for those living in these countries, expressing sadness that individuals were \"starving\" in Vienna while those in the United States were \"suffocating in superabundance.\" Others, however, only expressed contempt for the former Axis powers, even stating that they did not see the point of sending rations and supplies to \"enemies who should starve to death.\"The one consensus among all parties seemed to be the dramatic nature of the occupation of Austria by Allied forces after the war, which was so severe that it seemed as if \"all the nations have sent their soldiers to Vienna.\" However, even in Vienna, life would, eventually, return to normal. \nIn a letter from March of 1946, Boni celebrated the future of Vienna, writing, \"Surely the people will tell you… about Vienna. About ruins and hunger, about cold rooms and deserted streets, about demoralization and despair. All that is also true here. But alongside that are also attractive things. People who want to live well, who certainly feel themselves to be unfortunate, but who are interested in the tragedies and little jokes of the greater evolution of things…\" Reflecting the tenacity, resilience, and hope for the future that characterizes the Hasterlik-Hine collection, Boni's letter exemplifies the sentiments upon which many of the survivors of World War II ultimately constructed their futures. Giulia's letters to childhood friends such as Ellen Christansen and Lisl Urbantschitsch transformed from letters filled with cartoons that complained about teachers to letters that reflected exciting plans for the future. While Giulia discussed her upcoming trip to the United States, Lisl shared her plans to emigrate to California and live with her father. Developing an increased sense of independence throughout the post-war years, Lisl would employ her artistic talent in order to secure a lucrative job making puppets. By 1947, Lisl was living in Paris and enjoying her independence. Giulia's life was, ultimately, one of joy and success as well. On April 21, 1946, she sailed from Paris, France to New York City, finally reuniting with her mother, Mia Hasterlik, from whom she had been separated for eight years. By 1948, Giulia had married Gerald Hine and was pregnant with their first child. Giulia would return to Vienna for a few years with her husband before living out the rest of her life in the United States. She passed away on June 16, 2015, at the age of 90.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll","The Hasterlik-Hine collection consists personal correspondence between Giulia Kortischoner (married name Hine) and her family and friends. The personal correspondence consists of letters, postcards, get-well-soon cards, greeting cards, and a small number of travel documents. The collection contains discussions about the Holocaust, life as a Jewish refugee, and the progress of the war and life afterwards.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Christansen","Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul","English German"],"unitid_tesim":["98.0729","/repositories/10/resources/110"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"collection_title_tesim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"collection_ssim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Christansen","Hasterlik, Paul"],"creator_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Christansen","Hasterlik, Paul"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Christansen"],"creators_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul","Christansen"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945","Jewish refugees--Germany--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--United States","World War, 1939-1945--Africa","World War, 1939-1945--Japan","World War, 1939-1945--Children","World War, 1939-1945--Censorship","World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--United States","United States--Race relations--History--20th century","Protestantism--20th century","Emigration and immigration","United States--Emigration and immigration--History--20th century","Formulas, recipes, etc.","New York World's Fair (1939-1940 : New York, N.Y.)","Burgtheater (Vienna, Austria)","Get-well cards","Children's 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literature","Women--Employment--United States--History--20th century","Rationing","Diphtheria","V-J Day, 1945","Atomic bomb--History--20th century","Naturalization--United States","V-E Day, 1945","Theresienstadt (Concentration camp)","Switzerland--Social life and customs","Austria--History--Allied occupation, 1945-1955","United States--Social life and customs--1945-1970","Concentration Camps","World War, 1939-1945--Underground movements--Greece","Gurs (Concentration camp)","Education--Austria","Europe--Social conditions--20th century","United States--Social conditions--20th century","Africa--Race relations","Nuremberg War Crime Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, 1946-1949","Antisemitism","Infatuation","Kinderhilfswerk","Jews--Austria--Vienna--History","Scarcity","Gynecology","Personal correspondence","Postcards."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.5 Linear Feet 18 boxes, 13 1LF boxes and 5 .5LF boxes"],"extent_tesim":["15.5 Linear Feet 18 boxes, 13 1LF boxes and 5 .5LF boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Personal correspondence","Postcards."],"date_range_isim":[1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Giulia M. Kortischoner (married Hine) was born in Vienna, Austria on September 30, 1925 and passed away on June 16, 2015 in Boulder, Colorado.  \nOnly thirteen years old when World War II began, Giulia Koritschoner came of age in a time of uncertainty and chaos. Despite the context in which Giulia grew up, however, the letters of the Hasterlik-Hine collection demonstrate the fact that, for those on the home front, daily life often continued on as normal. Indeed, Giulia's correspondence throughout 1942 regularly includes cheerful greeting cards for holidays that are decorated with personalized drawings and beautiful calligraphy. These letters were sent from not only family members but also a vast array of friends and acquaintances that Giulia made throughout the war years. Giulia's letters to and from schoolmates portray scenes of growing up that remained largely unchanged even in times of war. This is particularly evident in Giulia's letters to and from Margaret Wolf, a friend from Schaffhausen who evolved from sending letters complaining about disliked teachers and unbearably boring school lessons to letters that explained her fears about graduating from school and having to enter the workforce. Giulia's own letters mirror this development, as she wrote to her family contemplating a variety of jobs, from a lab technician to a stenographer to a masseuse. Even in the midst of the war, the possibilities for the future seemed endless. \nYet, elements of the war do seep into many of the letters. Discussions of rationing figure prominently in much of Giulia's correspondence, as Ällägg Bechtold, a school friend from Schaffhausen, described how school was let out early in the spring because of a shortage of coal to keep students warm. Margaret Wolf complained that bakeries purposely sold old bread because it was thought that individuals would consume it more slowly than fresh bread. Even the letter that Giulia's school principal sent to her was written not on regular paper but rather on postcards that students were encouraged to fill with holiday greetings and send to soldiers in order to boost their morale. Many of Giulia's letters to and from her family during this time contain anxiety about Giulia's grandfather, Paul Hasterlik, who remained behind in Vienna while the rest of the family escaped. Although attempts were made to organize his passage to the United States, these efforts ultimately proved unsuccessful, and the letters reflect concerns about everything from whether Paul was able to find food to whether he was, in fact, actively being \"tormented.\" Although letters from Paul contained joy about Giulia's recovery from polio and excitement about her prospects for the future, he remained vague in descriptions of his own life, only briefly mentioning that he was forced to move to another apartment in Vienna. \nOther members of Giulia's family struggled during this time as well. Mia Hasterlik's letters outline her difficulties finding suitable employment in New York while living in unpleasant conditions. Perhaps most dramatically, Susi Weiss, Giulia's older sister who moved to Nairobi at the beginning of the war, describes the emotional and physical abuse to which her husband subjected her to and her overwhelming happiness at finally being free of him. This vast array of voices and subject matter reflected in the Hasterlik-Hine collection depict a strange intersection between war and daily life that occurred for those living on the home front during World War II. Ultimately, the collection offers an invaluable glimpse of what it means to come of age in a time of war, highlighting the fears, delights, and amusements that punctuated daily life. \nAs World War II came to an end in 1945, individuals across the globe celebrated the cessation of one of the deadliest conflicts in human history. Yet, for many people, the end of the war did not necessarily mean a return to normal life. The letters of the Hasterlik-Hine Collection provide a nuanced first-hand account of the tumultuous period following the end of the war, chronicling the story of a family that had to cope with not only the loss of family members and friends but also, perhaps most significantly, the loss of a homeland. Letters from Mia Hasterlik to her daughter, Giulia Koritschoner, highlight the joy with which the end of the war was received in the United States, expressing disbelief at the fact that \"this nightmare is really past, that it's over,\" and expressing excitement at a future that was \"spreading more beautiful in front of our eyes.\" Mia described the jubilation with which VE Day (Victory in Europe) and VJ Day (Victory over Japan) were celebrated in New York, where \"all the people [were] happy and drunk and all the soldiers and sailors [were] out of their minds. All the girls got kissed, everybody had lipstick on their faces, thousands of tons of paper, which people had thrown out their windows.\"Underlying the joy of these letters, however, was a lingering sense of sadness and loss. Mia lamented the \"heavy, irreplaceable loss\" of her father, Paul Hasterlik, who died at Theresienstadt in 1944. While Giulia expressed nostalgia for the Vienna that she was forced to flee from at the beginning of the war, Mia instead stated, \"I have no yearning whatsoever for Vienna, could never return. Because of… all the crimes which they carried out with their 'Golden Viennese Hearts.'\" Much of the correspondence during this time also highlights the desperate search for missing family members and friends that took place after the war. Mia, in particular, made frantic attempts to find Boni, an old family friend who had stayed behind in Vienna with Paul, and Ellen Christansen, a childhood friend of Giulia's who was also forced to remain in Vienna. \nExcitement over Giulia Koritschoner's upcoming trip to the United States characterizes many of the post-war letters, as does joy about reconnecting with the family friends that the Hasterlik-Hine family had lost contact with during the war. However, the final portion of the collection contains numerous insights, offering a view into the difficulties that accompanied post-war life in Austria. Supplies were so scarce that \"people had to fetch water in buckets an hour away on foot after having stood in line for an hour\" and had to \"take long walks in the woods to find small pieces of wood to have a little bit of heat.\" Yet, perceptions of the former Axis powers varied dramatically. Mia felt pity for those living in these countries, expressing sadness that individuals were \"starving\" in Vienna while those in the United States were \"suffocating in superabundance.\" Others, however, only expressed contempt for the former Axis powers, even stating that they did not see the point of sending rations and supplies to \"enemies who should starve to death.\"The one consensus among all parties seemed to be the dramatic nature of the occupation of Austria by Allied forces after the war, which was so severe that it seemed as if \"all the nations have sent their soldiers to Vienna.\" However, even in Vienna, life would, eventually, return to normal. \nIn a letter from March of 1946, Boni celebrated the future of Vienna, writing, \"Surely the people will tell you… about Vienna. About ruins and hunger, about cold rooms and deserted streets, about demoralization and despair. All that is also true here. But alongside that are also attractive things. People who want to live well, who certainly feel themselves to be unfortunate, but who are interested in the tragedies and little jokes of the greater evolution of things…\" Reflecting the tenacity, resilience, and hope for the future that characterizes the Hasterlik-Hine collection, Boni's letter exemplifies the sentiments upon which many of the survivors of World War II ultimately constructed their futures. Giulia's letters to childhood friends such as Ellen Christansen and Lisl Urbantschitsch transformed from letters filled with cartoons that complained about teachers to letters that reflected exciting plans for the future. While Giulia discussed her upcoming trip to the United States, Lisl shared her plans to emigrate to California and live with her father. Developing an increased sense of independence throughout the post-war years, Lisl would employ her artistic talent in order to secure a lucrative job making puppets. By 1947, Lisl was living in Paris and enjoying her independence. Giulia's life was, ultimately, one of joy and success as well. On April 21, 1946, she sailed from Paris, France to New York City, finally reuniting with her mother, Mia Hasterlik, from whom she had been separated for eight years. By 1948, Giulia had married Gerald Hine and was pregnant with their first child. Giulia would return to Vienna for a few years with her husband before living out the rest of her life in the United States. She passed away on June 16, 2015, at the age of 90."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Hasterlik-Hine collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0729\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0729\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Hasterlik-Hine collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0729 ."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Link to selected digitized materials from this collection."],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hasterlik-Hine collection consists personal correspondence between Giulia Kortischoner (married name Hine) and her family and friends. The personal correspondence consists of letters, postcards, get-well-soon cards, greeting cards, and a small number of travel documents. The collection contains discussions about the Holocaust, life as a Jewish refugee, and the progress of the war and life afterwards.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Hasterlik-Hine collection consists personal correspondence between Giulia Kortischoner (married name Hine) and her family and friends. The personal correspondence consists of letters, postcards, get-well-soon cards, greeting cards, and a small number of travel documents. The collection contains discussions about the Holocaust, life as a Jewish refugee, and the progress of the war and life afterwards."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Christansen","Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Christansen","Hasterlik, Paul"],"famname_ssim":["Christansen"],"persname_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul"],"language_ssim":["English German"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":169,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:46:35.829Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGiulia M. Kortischoner (married Hine) was born in Vienna, Austria on September 30, 1925 and passed away on June 16, 2015 in Boulder, Colorado. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nOnly thirteen years old when World War II began, Giulia Koritschoner came of age in a time of uncertainty and chaos. Despite the context in which Giulia grew up, however, the letters of the Hasterlik-Hine collection demonstrate the fact that, for those on the home front, daily life often continued on as normal. Indeed, Giulia's correspondence throughout 1942 regularly includes cheerful greeting cards for holidays that are decorated with personalized drawings and beautiful calligraphy. These letters were sent from not only family members but also a vast array of friends and acquaintances that Giulia made throughout the war years. Giulia's letters to and from schoolmates portray scenes of growing up that remained largely unchanged even in times of war. This is particularly evident in Giulia's letters to and from Margaret Wolf, a friend from Schaffhausen who evolved from sending letters complaining about disliked teachers and unbearably boring school lessons to letters that explained her fears about graduating from school and having to enter the workforce. Giulia's own letters mirror this development, as she wrote to her family contemplating a variety of jobs, from a lab technician to a stenographer to a masseuse. Even in the midst of the war, the possibilities for the future seemed endless.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nYet, elements of the war do seep into many of the letters. Discussions of rationing figure prominently in much of Giulia's correspondence, as \u0026#xC4;ll\u0026#xE4;gg Bechtold, a school friend from Schaffhausen, described how school was let out early in the spring because of a shortage of coal to keep students warm. Margaret Wolf complained that bakeries purposely sold old bread because it was thought that individuals would consume it more slowly than fresh bread. Even the letter that Giulia's school principal sent to her was written not on regular paper but rather on postcards that students were encouraged to fill with holiday greetings and send to soldiers in order to boost their morale. Many of Giulia's letters to and from her family during this time contain anxiety about Giulia's grandfather, Paul Hasterlik, who remained behind in Vienna while the rest of the family escaped. Although attempts were made to organize his passage to the United States, these efforts ultimately proved unsuccessful, and the letters reflect concerns about everything from whether Paul was able to find food to whether he was, in fact, actively being \"tormented.\" Although letters from Paul contained joy about Giulia's recovery from polio and excitement about her prospects for the future, he remained vague in descriptions of his own life, only briefly mentioning that he was forced to move to another apartment in Vienna.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nOther members of Giulia's family struggled during this time as well. Mia Hasterlik's letters outline her difficulties finding suitable employment in New York while living in unpleasant conditions. Perhaps most dramatically, Susi Weiss, Giulia's older sister who moved to Nairobi at the beginning of the war, describes the emotional and physical abuse to which her husband subjected her to and her overwhelming happiness at finally being free of him. This vast array of voices and subject matter reflected in the Hasterlik-Hine collection depict a strange intersection between war and daily life that occurred for those living on the home front during World War II. Ultimately, the collection offers an invaluable glimpse of what it means to come of age in a time of war, highlighting the fears, delights, and amusements that punctuated daily life.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAs World War II came to an end in 1945, individuals across the globe celebrated the cessation of one of the deadliest conflicts in human history. Yet, for many people, the end of the war did not necessarily mean a return to normal life. The letters of the Hasterlik-Hine Collection provide a nuanced first-hand account of the tumultuous period following the end of the war, chronicling the story of a family that had to cope with not only the loss of family members and friends but also, perhaps most significantly, the loss of a homeland. Letters from Mia Hasterlik to her daughter, Giulia Koritschoner, highlight the joy with which the end of the war was received in the United States, expressing disbelief at the fact that \"this nightmare is really past, that it's over,\" and expressing excitement at a future that was \"spreading more beautiful in front of our eyes.\" Mia described the jubilation with which VE Day (Victory in Europe) and VJ Day (Victory over Japan) were celebrated in New York, where \"all the people [were] happy and drunk and all the soldiers and sailors [were] out of their minds. All the girls got kissed, everybody had lipstick on their faces, thousands of tons of paper, which people had thrown out their windows.\"Underlying the joy of these letters, however, was a lingering sense of sadness and loss. Mia lamented the \"heavy, irreplaceable loss\" of her father, Paul Hasterlik, who died at Theresienstadt in 1944. While Giulia expressed nostalgia for the Vienna that she was forced to flee from at the beginning of the war, Mia instead stated, \"I have no yearning whatsoever for Vienna, could never return. Because of\u0026#x2026; all the crimes which they carried out with their 'Golden Viennese Hearts.'\" Much of the correspondence during this time also highlights the desperate search for missing family members and friends that took place after the war. Mia, in particular, made frantic attempts to find Boni, an old family friend who had stayed behind in Vienna with Paul, and Ellen Christansen, a childhood friend of Giulia's who was also forced to remain in Vienna.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nExcitement over Giulia Koritschoner's upcoming trip to the United States characterizes many of the post-war letters, as does joy about reconnecting with the family friends that the Hasterlik-Hine family had lost contact with during the war. However, the final portion of the collection contains numerous insights, offering a view into the difficulties that accompanied post-war life in Austria. Supplies were so scarce that \"people had to fetch water in buckets an hour away on foot after having stood in line for an hour\" and had to \"take long walks in the woods to find small pieces of wood to have a little bit of heat.\" Yet, perceptions of the former Axis powers varied dramatically. Mia felt pity for those living in these countries, expressing sadness that individuals were \"starving\" in Vienna while those in the United States were \"suffocating in superabundance.\" Others, however, only expressed contempt for the former Axis powers, even stating that they did not see the point of sending rations and supplies to \"enemies who should starve to death.\"The one consensus among all parties seemed to be the dramatic nature of the occupation of Austria by Allied forces after the war, which was so severe that it seemed as if \"all the nations have sent their soldiers to Vienna.\" However, even in Vienna, life would, eventually, return to normal.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn a letter from March of 1946, Boni celebrated the future of Vienna, writing, \"Surely the people will tell you\u0026#x2026; about Vienna. About ruins and hunger, about cold rooms and deserted streets, about demoralization and despair. All that is also true here. But alongside that are also attractive things. People who want to live well, who certainly feel themselves to be unfortunate, but who are interested in the tragedies and little jokes of the greater evolution of things\u0026#x2026;\" Reflecting the tenacity, resilience, and hope for the future that characterizes the Hasterlik-Hine collection, Boni's letter exemplifies the sentiments upon which many of the survivors of World War II ultimately constructed their futures. Giulia's letters to childhood friends such as Ellen Christansen and Lisl Urbantschitsch transformed from letters filled with cartoons that complained about teachers to letters that reflected exciting plans for the future. While Giulia discussed her upcoming trip to the United States, Lisl shared her plans to emigrate to California and live with her father. Developing an increased sense of independence throughout the post-war years, Lisl would employ her artistic talent in order to secure a lucrative job making puppets. By 1947, Lisl was living in Paris and enjoying her independence. Giulia's life was, ultimately, one of joy and success as well. On April 21, 1946, she sailed from Paris, France to New York City, finally reuniting with her mother, Mia Hasterlik, from whom she had been separated for eight years. By 1948, Giulia had married Gerald Hine and was pregnant with their first child. Giulia would return to Vienna for a few years with her husband before living out the rest of her life in the United States. She passed away on June 16, 2015, at the age of 90.\u003c/p\u003e"],"collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","title_filing_ssi":"Hasterlik-Hine collection","title_ssm":["Hasterlik-Hine collection"],"title_tesim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection"],"ead_ssi":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","unitdate_ssm":["1700-2000","Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1700-2000"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["98.0729","/repositories/10/resources/110"],"text":["98.0729","/repositories/10/resources/110","Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04","World War, 1939-1945","Jewish refugees--Germany--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--United States","World War, 1939-1945--Africa","World War, 1939-1945--Japan","World War, 1939-1945--Children","World War, 1939-1945--Censorship","World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--United States","United States--Race relations--History--20th century","Protestantism--20th century","Emigration and immigration","United States--Emigration and immigration--History--20th century","Formulas, recipes, etc.","New York World's Fair (1939-1940 : New York, N.Y.)","Burgtheater (Vienna, Austria)","Get-well cards","Children's drawings","Save the Children International Union","Poliomyelitis","Catholicism","Women--Employment--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Western Front","Nuns","Obstetrics","Child rearing in literature","Women--Employment--United States--History--20th century","Rationing","Diphtheria","V-J Day, 1945","Atomic bomb--History--20th century","Naturalization--United States","V-E Day, 1945","Theresienstadt (Concentration camp)","Switzerland--Social life and customs","Austria--History--Allied occupation, 1945-1955","United States--Social life and customs--1945-1970","Concentration Camps","World War, 1939-1945--Underground movements--Greece","Gurs (Concentration camp)","Education--Austria","Europe--Social conditions--20th century","United States--Social conditions--20th century","Africa--Race relations","Nuremberg War Crime Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, 1946-1949","Antisemitism","Infatuation","Kinderhilfswerk","Jews--Austria--Vienna--History","Scarcity","Gynecology","Personal correspondence","Postcards.","This collection is open to all researchers.","Giulia M. Kortischoner (married Hine) was born in Vienna, Austria on September 30, 1925 and passed away on June 16, 2015 in Boulder, Colorado.  \nOnly thirteen years old when World War II began, Giulia Koritschoner came of age in a time of uncertainty and chaos. Despite the context in which Giulia grew up, however, the letters of the Hasterlik-Hine collection demonstrate the fact that, for those on the home front, daily life often continued on as normal. Indeed, Giulia's correspondence throughout 1942 regularly includes cheerful greeting cards for holidays that are decorated with personalized drawings and beautiful calligraphy. These letters were sent from not only family members but also a vast array of friends and acquaintances that Giulia made throughout the war years. Giulia's letters to and from schoolmates portray scenes of growing up that remained largely unchanged even in times of war. This is particularly evident in Giulia's letters to and from Margaret Wolf, a friend from Schaffhausen who evolved from sending letters complaining about disliked teachers and unbearably boring school lessons to letters that explained her fears about graduating from school and having to enter the workforce. Giulia's own letters mirror this development, as she wrote to her family contemplating a variety of jobs, from a lab technician to a stenographer to a masseuse. Even in the midst of the war, the possibilities for the future seemed endless. \nYet, elements of the war do seep into many of the letters. Discussions of rationing figure prominently in much of Giulia's correspondence, as Ällägg Bechtold, a school friend from Schaffhausen, described how school was let out early in the spring because of a shortage of coal to keep students warm. Margaret Wolf complained that bakeries purposely sold old bread because it was thought that individuals would consume it more slowly than fresh bread. Even the letter that Giulia's school principal sent to her was written not on regular paper but rather on postcards that students were encouraged to fill with holiday greetings and send to soldiers in order to boost their morale. Many of Giulia's letters to and from her family during this time contain anxiety about Giulia's grandfather, Paul Hasterlik, who remained behind in Vienna while the rest of the family escaped. Although attempts were made to organize his passage to the United States, these efforts ultimately proved unsuccessful, and the letters reflect concerns about everything from whether Paul was able to find food to whether he was, in fact, actively being \"tormented.\" Although letters from Paul contained joy about Giulia's recovery from polio and excitement about her prospects for the future, he remained vague in descriptions of his own life, only briefly mentioning that he was forced to move to another apartment in Vienna. \nOther members of Giulia's family struggled during this time as well. Mia Hasterlik's letters outline her difficulties finding suitable employment in New York while living in unpleasant conditions. Perhaps most dramatically, Susi Weiss, Giulia's older sister who moved to Nairobi at the beginning of the war, describes the emotional and physical abuse to which her husband subjected her to and her overwhelming happiness at finally being free of him. This vast array of voices and subject matter reflected in the Hasterlik-Hine collection depict a strange intersection between war and daily life that occurred for those living on the home front during World War II. Ultimately, the collection offers an invaluable glimpse of what it means to come of age in a time of war, highlighting the fears, delights, and amusements that punctuated daily life. \nAs World War II came to an end in 1945, individuals across the globe celebrated the cessation of one of the deadliest conflicts in human history. Yet, for many people, the end of the war did not necessarily mean a return to normal life. The letters of the Hasterlik-Hine Collection provide a nuanced first-hand account of the tumultuous period following the end of the war, chronicling the story of a family that had to cope with not only the loss of family members and friends but also, perhaps most significantly, the loss of a homeland. Letters from Mia Hasterlik to her daughter, Giulia Koritschoner, highlight the joy with which the end of the war was received in the United States, expressing disbelief at the fact that \"this nightmare is really past, that it's over,\" and expressing excitement at a future that was \"spreading more beautiful in front of our eyes.\" Mia described the jubilation with which VE Day (Victory in Europe) and VJ Day (Victory over Japan) were celebrated in New York, where \"all the people [were] happy and drunk and all the soldiers and sailors [were] out of their minds. All the girls got kissed, everybody had lipstick on their faces, thousands of tons of paper, which people had thrown out their windows.\"Underlying the joy of these letters, however, was a lingering sense of sadness and loss. Mia lamented the \"heavy, irreplaceable loss\" of her father, Paul Hasterlik, who died at Theresienstadt in 1944. While Giulia expressed nostalgia for the Vienna that she was forced to flee from at the beginning of the war, Mia instead stated, \"I have no yearning whatsoever for Vienna, could never return. Because of… all the crimes which they carried out with their 'Golden Viennese Hearts.'\" Much of the correspondence during this time also highlights the desperate search for missing family members and friends that took place after the war. Mia, in particular, made frantic attempts to find Boni, an old family friend who had stayed behind in Vienna with Paul, and Ellen Christansen, a childhood friend of Giulia's who was also forced to remain in Vienna. \nExcitement over Giulia Koritschoner's upcoming trip to the United States characterizes many of the post-war letters, as does joy about reconnecting with the family friends that the Hasterlik-Hine family had lost contact with during the war. However, the final portion of the collection contains numerous insights, offering a view into the difficulties that accompanied post-war life in Austria. Supplies were so scarce that \"people had to fetch water in buckets an hour away on foot after having stood in line for an hour\" and had to \"take long walks in the woods to find small pieces of wood to have a little bit of heat.\" Yet, perceptions of the former Axis powers varied dramatically. Mia felt pity for those living in these countries, expressing sadness that individuals were \"starving\" in Vienna while those in the United States were \"suffocating in superabundance.\" Others, however, only expressed contempt for the former Axis powers, even stating that they did not see the point of sending rations and supplies to \"enemies who should starve to death.\"The one consensus among all parties seemed to be the dramatic nature of the occupation of Austria by Allied forces after the war, which was so severe that it seemed as if \"all the nations have sent their soldiers to Vienna.\" However, even in Vienna, life would, eventually, return to normal. \nIn a letter from March of 1946, Boni celebrated the future of Vienna, writing, \"Surely the people will tell you… about Vienna. About ruins and hunger, about cold rooms and deserted streets, about demoralization and despair. All that is also true here. But alongside that are also attractive things. People who want to live well, who certainly feel themselves to be unfortunate, but who are interested in the tragedies and little jokes of the greater evolution of things…\" Reflecting the tenacity, resilience, and hope for the future that characterizes the Hasterlik-Hine collection, Boni's letter exemplifies the sentiments upon which many of the survivors of World War II ultimately constructed their futures. Giulia's letters to childhood friends such as Ellen Christansen and Lisl Urbantschitsch transformed from letters filled with cartoons that complained about teachers to letters that reflected exciting plans for the future. While Giulia discussed her upcoming trip to the United States, Lisl shared her plans to emigrate to California and live with her father. Developing an increased sense of independence throughout the post-war years, Lisl would employ her artistic talent in order to secure a lucrative job making puppets. By 1947, Lisl was living in Paris and enjoying her independence. Giulia's life was, ultimately, one of joy and success as well. On April 21, 1946, she sailed from Paris, France to New York City, finally reuniting with her mother, Mia Hasterlik, from whom she had been separated for eight years. By 1948, Giulia had married Gerald Hine and was pregnant with their first child. Giulia would return to Vienna for a few years with her husband before living out the rest of her life in the United States. She passed away on June 16, 2015, at the age of 90.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll","The Hasterlik-Hine collection consists personal correspondence between Giulia Kortischoner (married name Hine) and her family and friends. The personal correspondence consists of letters, postcards, get-well-soon cards, greeting cards, and a small number of travel documents. The collection contains discussions about the Holocaust, life as a Jewish refugee, and the progress of the war and life afterwards.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Christansen","Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul","English German"],"unitid_tesim":["98.0729","/repositories/10/resources/110"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"collection_title_tesim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"collection_ssim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Christansen","Hasterlik, Paul"],"creator_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Christansen","Hasterlik, Paul"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Christansen"],"creators_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul","Christansen"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945","Jewish refugees--Germany--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--United States","World War, 1939-1945--Africa","World War, 1939-1945--Japan","World War, 1939-1945--Children","World War, 1939-1945--Censorship","World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--United States","United States--Race relations--History--20th century","Protestantism--20th century","Emigration and immigration","United States--Emigration and immigration--History--20th century","Formulas, recipes, etc.","New York World's Fair (1939-1940 : New York, N.Y.)","Burgtheater (Vienna, Austria)","Get-well cards","Children's drawings","Save the Children International Union","Poliomyelitis","Catholicism","Women--Employment--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Western Front","Nuns","Obstetrics","Child rearing in literature","Women--Employment--United States--History--20th century","Rationing","Diphtheria","V-J Day, 1945","Atomic bomb--History--20th century","Naturalization--United States","V-E Day, 1945","Theresienstadt (Concentration camp)","Switzerland--Social life and customs","Austria--History--Allied occupation, 1945-1955","United States--Social life and customs--1945-1970","Concentration Camps","World War, 1939-1945--Underground movements--Greece","Gurs (Concentration camp)","Education--Austria","Europe--Social conditions--20th century","United States--Social conditions--20th century","Africa--Race relations","Nuremberg War Crime Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, 1946-1949","Antisemitism","Infatuation","Kinderhilfswerk","Jews--Austria--Vienna--History","Scarcity","Gynecology","Personal correspondence","Postcards."],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945","Jewish refugees--Germany--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--United States","World War, 1939-1945--Africa","World War, 1939-1945--Japan","World War, 1939-1945--Children","World War, 1939-1945--Censorship","World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--United States","United States--Race relations--History--20th century","Protestantism--20th century","Emigration and immigration","United States--Emigration and immigration--History--20th century","Formulas, recipes, etc.","New York World's Fair (1939-1940 : New York, N.Y.)","Burgtheater (Vienna, Austria)","Get-well cards","Children's drawings","Save the Children International Union","Poliomyelitis","Catholicism","Women--Employment--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Western Front","Nuns","Obstetrics","Child rearing in literature","Women--Employment--United States--History--20th century","Rationing","Diphtheria","V-J Day, 1945","Atomic bomb--History--20th century","Naturalization--United States","V-E Day, 1945","Theresienstadt (Concentration camp)","Switzerland--Social life and customs","Austria--History--Allied occupation, 1945-1955","United States--Social life and customs--1945-1970","Concentration Camps","World War, 1939-1945--Underground movements--Greece","Gurs (Concentration camp)","Education--Austria","Europe--Social conditions--20th century","United States--Social conditions--20th century","Africa--Race relations","Nuremberg War Crime Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, 1946-1949","Antisemitism","Infatuation","Kinderhilfswerk","Jews--Austria--Vienna--History","Scarcity","Gynecology","Personal correspondence","Postcards."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.5 Linear Feet 18 boxes, 13 1LF boxes and 5 .5LF boxes"],"extent_tesim":["15.5 Linear Feet 18 boxes, 13 1LF boxes and 5 .5LF boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Personal correspondence","Postcards."],"date_range_isim":[1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Giulia M. Kortischoner (married Hine) was born in Vienna, Austria on September 30, 1925 and passed away on June 16, 2015 in Boulder, Colorado.  \nOnly thirteen years old when World War II began, Giulia Koritschoner came of age in a time of uncertainty and chaos. Despite the context in which Giulia grew up, however, the letters of the Hasterlik-Hine collection demonstrate the fact that, for those on the home front, daily life often continued on as normal. Indeed, Giulia's correspondence throughout 1942 regularly includes cheerful greeting cards for holidays that are decorated with personalized drawings and beautiful calligraphy. These letters were sent from not only family members but also a vast array of friends and acquaintances that Giulia made throughout the war years. Giulia's letters to and from schoolmates portray scenes of growing up that remained largely unchanged even in times of war. This is particularly evident in Giulia's letters to and from Margaret Wolf, a friend from Schaffhausen who evolved from sending letters complaining about disliked teachers and unbearably boring school lessons to letters that explained her fears about graduating from school and having to enter the workforce. Giulia's own letters mirror this development, as she wrote to her family contemplating a variety of jobs, from a lab technician to a stenographer to a masseuse. Even in the midst of the war, the possibilities for the future seemed endless. \nYet, elements of the war do seep into many of the letters. Discussions of rationing figure prominently in much of Giulia's correspondence, as Ällägg Bechtold, a school friend from Schaffhausen, described how school was let out early in the spring because of a shortage of coal to keep students warm. Margaret Wolf complained that bakeries purposely sold old bread because it was thought that individuals would consume it more slowly than fresh bread. Even the letter that Giulia's school principal sent to her was written not on regular paper but rather on postcards that students were encouraged to fill with holiday greetings and send to soldiers in order to boost their morale. Many of Giulia's letters to and from her family during this time contain anxiety about Giulia's grandfather, Paul Hasterlik, who remained behind in Vienna while the rest of the family escaped. Although attempts were made to organize his passage to the United States, these efforts ultimately proved unsuccessful, and the letters reflect concerns about everything from whether Paul was able to find food to whether he was, in fact, actively being \"tormented.\" Although letters from Paul contained joy about Giulia's recovery from polio and excitement about her prospects for the future, he remained vague in descriptions of his own life, only briefly mentioning that he was forced to move to another apartment in Vienna. \nOther members of Giulia's family struggled during this time as well. Mia Hasterlik's letters outline her difficulties finding suitable employment in New York while living in unpleasant conditions. Perhaps most dramatically, Susi Weiss, Giulia's older sister who moved to Nairobi at the beginning of the war, describes the emotional and physical abuse to which her husband subjected her to and her overwhelming happiness at finally being free of him. This vast array of voices and subject matter reflected in the Hasterlik-Hine collection depict a strange intersection between war and daily life that occurred for those living on the home front during World War II. Ultimately, the collection offers an invaluable glimpse of what it means to come of age in a time of war, highlighting the fears, delights, and amusements that punctuated daily life. \nAs World War II came to an end in 1945, individuals across the globe celebrated the cessation of one of the deadliest conflicts in human history. Yet, for many people, the end of the war did not necessarily mean a return to normal life. The letters of the Hasterlik-Hine Collection provide a nuanced first-hand account of the tumultuous period following the end of the war, chronicling the story of a family that had to cope with not only the loss of family members and friends but also, perhaps most significantly, the loss of a homeland. Letters from Mia Hasterlik to her daughter, Giulia Koritschoner, highlight the joy with which the end of the war was received in the United States, expressing disbelief at the fact that \"this nightmare is really past, that it's over,\" and expressing excitement at a future that was \"spreading more beautiful in front of our eyes.\" Mia described the jubilation with which VE Day (Victory in Europe) and VJ Day (Victory over Japan) were celebrated in New York, where \"all the people [were] happy and drunk and all the soldiers and sailors [were] out of their minds. All the girls got kissed, everybody had lipstick on their faces, thousands of tons of paper, which people had thrown out their windows.\"Underlying the joy of these letters, however, was a lingering sense of sadness and loss. Mia lamented the \"heavy, irreplaceable loss\" of her father, Paul Hasterlik, who died at Theresienstadt in 1944. While Giulia expressed nostalgia for the Vienna that she was forced to flee from at the beginning of the war, Mia instead stated, \"I have no yearning whatsoever for Vienna, could never return. Because of… all the crimes which they carried out with their 'Golden Viennese Hearts.'\" Much of the correspondence during this time also highlights the desperate search for missing family members and friends that took place after the war. Mia, in particular, made frantic attempts to find Boni, an old family friend who had stayed behind in Vienna with Paul, and Ellen Christansen, a childhood friend of Giulia's who was also forced to remain in Vienna. \nExcitement over Giulia Koritschoner's upcoming trip to the United States characterizes many of the post-war letters, as does joy about reconnecting with the family friends that the Hasterlik-Hine family had lost contact with during the war. However, the final portion of the collection contains numerous insights, offering a view into the difficulties that accompanied post-war life in Austria. Supplies were so scarce that \"people had to fetch water in buckets an hour away on foot after having stood in line for an hour\" and had to \"take long walks in the woods to find small pieces of wood to have a little bit of heat.\" Yet, perceptions of the former Axis powers varied dramatically. Mia felt pity for those living in these countries, expressing sadness that individuals were \"starving\" in Vienna while those in the United States were \"suffocating in superabundance.\" Others, however, only expressed contempt for the former Axis powers, even stating that they did not see the point of sending rations and supplies to \"enemies who should starve to death.\"The one consensus among all parties seemed to be the dramatic nature of the occupation of Austria by Allied forces after the war, which was so severe that it seemed as if \"all the nations have sent their soldiers to Vienna.\" However, even in Vienna, life would, eventually, return to normal. \nIn a letter from March of 1946, Boni celebrated the future of Vienna, writing, \"Surely the people will tell you… about Vienna. About ruins and hunger, about cold rooms and deserted streets, about demoralization and despair. All that is also true here. But alongside that are also attractive things. People who want to live well, who certainly feel themselves to be unfortunate, but who are interested in the tragedies and little jokes of the greater evolution of things…\" Reflecting the tenacity, resilience, and hope for the future that characterizes the Hasterlik-Hine collection, Boni's letter exemplifies the sentiments upon which many of the survivors of World War II ultimately constructed their futures. Giulia's letters to childhood friends such as Ellen Christansen and Lisl Urbantschitsch transformed from letters filled with cartoons that complained about teachers to letters that reflected exciting plans for the future. While Giulia discussed her upcoming trip to the United States, Lisl shared her plans to emigrate to California and live with her father. Developing an increased sense of independence throughout the post-war years, Lisl would employ her artistic talent in order to secure a lucrative job making puppets. By 1947, Lisl was living in Paris and enjoying her independence. Giulia's life was, ultimately, one of joy and success as well. On April 21, 1946, she sailed from Paris, France to New York City, finally reuniting with her mother, Mia Hasterlik, from whom she had been separated for eight years. By 1948, Giulia had married Gerald Hine and was pregnant with their first child. Giulia would return to Vienna for a few years with her husband before living out the rest of her life in the United States. She passed away on June 16, 2015, at the age of 90."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Hasterlik-Hine collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0729\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0729\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Hasterlik-Hine collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0729 ."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Link to selected digitized materials from this collection."],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hasterlik-Hine collection consists personal correspondence between Giulia Kortischoner (married name Hine) and her family and friends. The personal correspondence consists of letters, postcards, get-well-soon cards, greeting cards, and a small number of travel documents. The collection contains discussions about the Holocaust, life as a Jewish refugee, and the progress of the war and life afterwards.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Hasterlik-Hine collection consists personal correspondence between Giulia Kortischoner (married name Hine) and her family and friends. The personal correspondence consists of letters, postcards, get-well-soon cards, greeting cards, and a small number of travel documents. The collection contains discussions about the Holocaust, life as a Jewish refugee, and the progress of the war and life afterwards."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Christansen","Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Christansen","Hasterlik, Paul"],"famname_ssim":["Christansen"],"persname_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul"],"language_ssim":["English German"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":169,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:46:35.829Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGiulia M. Kortischoner (married Hine) was born in Vienna, Austria on September 30, 1925 and passed away on June 16, 2015 in Boulder, Colorado. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nOnly thirteen years old when World War II began, Giulia Koritschoner came of age in a time of uncertainty and chaos. Despite the context in which Giulia grew up, however, the letters of the Hasterlik-Hine collection demonstrate the fact that, for those on the home front, daily life often continued on as normal. Indeed, Giulia's correspondence throughout 1942 regularly includes cheerful greeting cards for holidays that are decorated with personalized drawings and beautiful calligraphy. These letters were sent from not only family members but also a vast array of friends and acquaintances that Giulia made throughout the war years. Giulia's letters to and from schoolmates portray scenes of growing up that remained largely unchanged even in times of war. This is particularly evident in Giulia's letters to and from Margaret Wolf, a friend from Schaffhausen who evolved from sending letters complaining about disliked teachers and unbearably boring school lessons to letters that explained her fears about graduating from school and having to enter the workforce. Giulia's own letters mirror this development, as she wrote to her family contemplating a variety of jobs, from a lab technician to a stenographer to a masseuse. Even in the midst of the war, the possibilities for the future seemed endless.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nYet, elements of the war do seep into many of the letters. Discussions of rationing figure prominently in much of Giulia's correspondence, as \u0026#xC4;ll\u0026#xE4;gg Bechtold, a school friend from Schaffhausen, described how school was let out early in the spring because of a shortage of coal to keep students warm. Margaret Wolf complained that bakeries purposely sold old bread because it was thought that individuals would consume it more slowly than fresh bread. Even the letter that Giulia's school principal sent to her was written not on regular paper but rather on postcards that students were encouraged to fill with holiday greetings and send to soldiers in order to boost their morale. Many of Giulia's letters to and from her family during this time contain anxiety about Giulia's grandfather, Paul Hasterlik, who remained behind in Vienna while the rest of the family escaped. Although attempts were made to organize his passage to the United States, these efforts ultimately proved unsuccessful, and the letters reflect concerns about everything from whether Paul was able to find food to whether he was, in fact, actively being \"tormented.\" Although letters from Paul contained joy about Giulia's recovery from polio and excitement about her prospects for the future, he remained vague in descriptions of his own life, only briefly mentioning that he was forced to move to another apartment in Vienna.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nOther members of Giulia's family struggled during this time as well. Mia Hasterlik's letters outline her difficulties finding suitable employment in New York while living in unpleasant conditions. Perhaps most dramatically, Susi Weiss, Giulia's older sister who moved to Nairobi at the beginning of the war, describes the emotional and physical abuse to which her husband subjected her to and her overwhelming happiness at finally being free of him. This vast array of voices and subject matter reflected in the Hasterlik-Hine collection depict a strange intersection between war and daily life that occurred for those living on the home front during World War II. Ultimately, the collection offers an invaluable glimpse of what it means to come of age in a time of war, highlighting the fears, delights, and amusements that punctuated daily life.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAs World War II came to an end in 1945, individuals across the globe celebrated the cessation of one of the deadliest conflicts in human history. Yet, for many people, the end of the war did not necessarily mean a return to normal life. The letters of the Hasterlik-Hine Collection provide a nuanced first-hand account of the tumultuous period following the end of the war, chronicling the story of a family that had to cope with not only the loss of family members and friends but also, perhaps most significantly, the loss of a homeland. Letters from Mia Hasterlik to her daughter, Giulia Koritschoner, highlight the joy with which the end of the war was received in the United States, expressing disbelief at the fact that \"this nightmare is really past, that it's over,\" and expressing excitement at a future that was \"spreading more beautiful in front of our eyes.\" Mia described the jubilation with which VE Day (Victory in Europe) and VJ Day (Victory over Japan) were celebrated in New York, where \"all the people [were] happy and drunk and all the soldiers and sailors [were] out of their minds. All the girls got kissed, everybody had lipstick on their faces, thousands of tons of paper, which people had thrown out their windows.\"Underlying the joy of these letters, however, was a lingering sense of sadness and loss. Mia lamented the \"heavy, irreplaceable loss\" of her father, Paul Hasterlik, who died at Theresienstadt in 1944. While Giulia expressed nostalgia for the Vienna that she was forced to flee from at the beginning of the war, Mia instead stated, \"I have no yearning whatsoever for Vienna, could never return. Because of\u0026#x2026; all the crimes which they carried out with their 'Golden Viennese Hearts.'\" Much of the correspondence during this time also highlights the desperate search for missing family members and friends that took place after the war. Mia, in particular, made frantic attempts to find Boni, an old family friend who had stayed behind in Vienna with Paul, and Ellen Christansen, a childhood friend of Giulia's who was also forced to remain in Vienna.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nExcitement over Giulia Koritschoner's upcoming trip to the United States characterizes many of the post-war letters, as does joy about reconnecting with the family friends that the Hasterlik-Hine family had lost contact with during the war. However, the final portion of the collection contains numerous insights, offering a view into the difficulties that accompanied post-war life in Austria. Supplies were so scarce that \"people had to fetch water in buckets an hour away on foot after having stood in line for an hour\" and had to \"take long walks in the woods to find small pieces of wood to have a little bit of heat.\" Yet, perceptions of the former Axis powers varied dramatically. Mia felt pity for those living in these countries, expressing sadness that individuals were \"starving\" in Vienna while those in the United States were \"suffocating in superabundance.\" Others, however, only expressed contempt for the former Axis powers, even stating that they did not see the point of sending rations and supplies to \"enemies who should starve to death.\"The one consensus among all parties seemed to be the dramatic nature of the occupation of Austria by Allied forces after the war, which was so severe that it seemed as if \"all the nations have sent their soldiers to Vienna.\" However, even in Vienna, life would, eventually, return to normal.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn a letter from March of 1946, Boni celebrated the future of Vienna, writing, \"Surely the people will tell you\u0026#x2026; about Vienna. About ruins and hunger, about cold rooms and deserted streets, about demoralization and despair. All that is also true here. But alongside that are also attractive things. People who want to live well, who certainly feel themselves to be unfortunate, but who are interested in the tragedies and little jokes of the greater evolution of things\u0026#x2026;\" Reflecting the tenacity, resilience, and hope for the future that characterizes the Hasterlik-Hine collection, Boni's letter exemplifies the sentiments upon which many of the survivors of World War II ultimately constructed their futures. Giulia's letters to childhood friends such as Ellen Christansen and Lisl Urbantschitsch transformed from letters filled with cartoons that complained about teachers to letters that reflected exciting plans for the future. While Giulia discussed her upcoming trip to the United States, Lisl shared her plans to emigrate to California and live with her father. Developing an increased sense of independence throughout the post-war years, Lisl would employ her artistic talent in order to secure a lucrative job making puppets. By 1947, Lisl was living in Paris and enjoying her independence. Giulia's life was, ultimately, one of joy and success as well. On April 21, 1946, she sailed from Paris, France to New York City, finally reuniting with her mother, Mia Hasterlik, from whom she had been separated for eight years. By 1948, Giulia had married Gerald Hine and was pregnant with their first child. Giulia would return to Vienna for a few years with her husband before living out the rest of her life in the United States. She passed away on June 16, 2015, at the age of 90.\u003c/p\u003e"]}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378"}},{"id":"b7ddc964c6f13a7e308f2280","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Haynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers, 1959-1997, bulk 1990-1994","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/b7ddc964c6f13a7e308f2280#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Thomas A. Warren Law Offices (Tallahassee, Fla.)"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/b7ddc964c6f13a7e308f2280#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThe Haynes v. Shoneys Papers documents the largest racial discrimination class-action suit against a private employer in the history of civil rights law. The collection has significant historical and research value for American legal history and civil rights scholars. Some topics include the admissibility of prior discrimination as evidence, adverse witnesses, affirmative action, allegations of recent discrimination, class certification, defendants contacts with plaintiffs' witnesses and clients, deceased claimants notes, destruction of evidence, jury selection, Raymond Danner's claim to fight race discrimination, and the Southern Christian Leadership Conferences covenant with Shoneys, in which the corporation promised that it would do business with minority-owned firms and target management jobs and franchise ownership opportunities for African-Americans. Among the materials included are all court pleadings and filings in the case, affidavits and declarations, challenges, consent decrees, correspondence, depositions, discovery documents, expert witness files, interrogatories, investigative files, newspaper and magazine articles, notebooks, orders, policies, press releases, questionnaires, reports, research materials, right-to-sue requests, settlement documents, shopper reports, surveys, visitation reports, and the deposition transcripts of over 150 witnesses, who document the history of the alleged discrimination of Shoneys, Inc and Ray Danner.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/b7ddc964c6f13a7e308f2280#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"b7ddc964c6f13a7e308f2280","title_ssm":["Haynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers"],"title_tesim":["Haynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers"],"ead_ssi":"b7ddc964c6f13a7e308f2280","unitdate_ssm":["1959-1997","1990-1994"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1990-1994"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1959-1997"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 2004-001","/repositories/10/resources/728"],"text":["MSS 2004-001","/repositories/10/resources/728","Haynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers, 1959-1997, bulk 1990-1994","Discrimination in employment--United States--Case studies","Discrimination in restaurants--United States--Case studies","Race discrimination--United States","Shoney's Inc.--Personnel management","Interviews.","African Americans--Employment","Clippings (Books, newspapers, etc.)","Correspondence","Legal documents.","Notebooks.","Reports","Sound recordings.","Videocassettes.","This collection is open to all researchers. However, since many records contain personal information, such as Social Security numbers, researchers are requested to contact the Special Collections Department in advance of their visit so that staff may review these materials. The Applicant Claim Forms and Notice of Approval of Current or Former Employee Claims Series, because of the confidential nature of these materials, are closed until 2063. Users may access this collection at the Claude Pepper Library. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.","On April 4, 1989, Tallahassee (FL) attorney Tommy Warren and nine named plaintiffs, all former Shoneys and Captain Ds employees or job applicants, served Shoneys CEO, Ray Danner, and Shoneys, Inc. with a class-action suit alleging racial discrimination. The plaintiffs, represented by Warren and his co-counsel, civil rights attorney Barry Goldstein, sought more than half a billion dollars in back pay and punitive damages, in addition to a court-ordered affirmative action plan, to counteract claims of years of racially discriminatory company policy. Witnesses, such as Josephine Haynes, included tens of thousands of workers, former workers, and frustrated job applicants, who said they lost jobs, were denied jobs, or were not given opportunities at Shoneys for even the lowest-paying jobs because they were African-Americans. Other witnesses included lower level white managers, who testified that they were fired because they wouldnt follow company orders to reduce the number of African-Americans. Many said they were instructed to carry out a corporate strategy that was directed by the Companys founder and CEO, Ray Danner, not found in any Shoneys procedure manuals. During the course of the litigation, which lasted from 1989-1993, many allegations were made under oath, and entered into the court record that race discrimination at Shoneys was standard operating procedure and had existed during the entire time Ray Danner ran the company. Danner continually denied these allegations throughout the case.\nBy the time the case concluded in 1993, the total cost of the Shoneys settlement was $132.5 million, which was the plaintiffs final compromise figure and the largest ever in a racial discrimination case. In addition, Ray Danner personally contributed approximately $65 million to the settlement. This payment by an individual defendant was unprecedented in U.S. race discrimination cases. According to Steve Watkins The Black O, a book that documents the entire case, 28, 994 claims were submitted in the settlement. At Warren and Goldsteins insistence, that number was expanded beyond the scope of the class of discriminated individuals to include all of Shoneys divisions, except for the franchise stores, for the period from 1985 through November 3, 1992. Based on a complex formula approved by Judge Roger Vinson to determine the validity of those claims and the amount due each legitimate claimant, 20,909 people ultimately received money from the $105 million settlement pool. The plaintiffs attorneys spent nearly $2 million to notify these claimants about the settlement, an effort that the judge said was unmatched by any he had ever seen in a class-action case. Approximately $5 million from the settlement pool was designated for a special class of claimants, those who had been witnesses and named plaintiffs in the case. $10 million was earmarked for African-American former job applicants, and the bulk of the settlement, $90 million, went to incumbent African-American employees. Money left over when the settlement was completed, and after Shoneys final payment in 1998, was divided among five organizations: the United Negro College Fund, the Southern Poverty Law Center, the Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, the Washington Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, and Inroads, a group that works to increase management opportunities for minorities.\nIn the aftermath of the case, Shoneys complied with the affirmative action plan and significantly increased its hiring of restaurant managers, dining room supervisors, and servers of color. In 1995, the company brought in a new management team which greatly improved its position financially, and in hiring, promotion, and business opportunities for minoritized communities.\nNote written by","Partially funded by a National Publications and Records Commission grant, the collection was processed by Chad Underwood from March 2005 to October 2006.","The Haynes v. 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Among the materials included are all court pleadings and filings in the case, affidavits and declarations, challenges, consent decrees, correspondence, depositions, discovery documents, expert witness files, interrogatories, investigative files, newspaper and magazine articles, notebooks, orders, policies, press releases, questionnaires, reports, research materials, right-to-sue requests, settlement documents, shopper reports, surveys, visitation reports, and the deposition transcripts of over 150 witnesses, who document the history of the alleged discrimination of Shoneys, Inc and Ray Danner.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","Claude Pepper Library.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Thomas A. Warren Law Offices (Tallahassee, Fla.)","Danner, Raymond L.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 2004-001","/repositories/10/resources/728"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1959-1997, bulk 1990-1994"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Haynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers, 1959-1997, bulk 1990-1994"],"collection_title_tesim":["Haynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers, 1959-1997, bulk 1990-1994"],"collection_ssim":["Haynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers, 1959-1997, bulk 1990-1994"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Thomas A. 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Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was given by Thomas Warren, attorney, in 2003."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Discrimination in employment--United States--Case studies","Discrimination in restaurants--United States--Case studies","Race discrimination--United States","Shoney's Inc.--Personnel management","Interviews.","African Americans--Employment","Clippings (Books, newspapers, etc.)","Correspondence","Legal documents.","Notebooks.","Reports","Sound recordings.","Videocassettes."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Discrimination in employment--United States--Case studies","Discrimination in restaurants--United States--Case studies","Race discrimination--United States","Shoney's Inc.--Personnel management","Interviews.","African Americans--Employment","Clippings (Books, newspapers, etc.)","Correspondence","Legal documents.","Notebooks.","Reports","Sound recordings.","Videocassettes."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1,040 boxes","415.60 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1,040 boxes","415.60 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Clippings (Books, newspapers, etc.)","Correspondence","Legal documents.","Notebooks.","Reports","Sound recordings.","Videocassettes."],"date_range_isim":[1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers. However, since many records contain personal information, such as Social Security numbers, researchers are requested to contact the Special Collections Department in advance of their visit so that staff may review these materials. The Applicant Claim Forms and Notice of Approval of Current or Former Employee Claims Series, because of the confidential nature of these materials, are closed until 2063. Users may access this collection at the Claude Pepper Library. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers. However, since many records contain personal information, such as Social Security numbers, researchers are requested to contact the Special Collections Department in advance of their visit so that staff may review these materials. The Applicant Claim Forms and Notice of Approval of Current or Former Employee Claims Series, because of the confidential nature of these materials, are closed until 2063. Users may access this collection at the Claude Pepper Library. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOn April 4, 1989, Tallahassee (FL) attorney Tommy Warren and nine named plaintiffs, all former Shoneys and Captain Ds employees or job applicants, served Shoneys CEO, Ray Danner, and Shoneys, Inc. with a class-action suit alleging racial discrimination. The plaintiffs, represented by Warren and his co-counsel, civil rights attorney Barry Goldstein, sought more than half a billion dollars in back pay and punitive damages, in addition to a court-ordered affirmative action plan, to counteract claims of years of racially discriminatory company policy. Witnesses, such as Josephine Haynes, included tens of thousands of workers, former workers, and frustrated job applicants, who said they lost jobs, were denied jobs, or were not given opportunities at Shoneys for even the lowest-paying jobs because they were African-Americans. Other witnesses included lower level white managers, who testified that they were fired because they wouldnt follow company orders to reduce the number of African-Americans. Many said they were instructed to carry out a corporate strategy that was directed by the Companys founder and CEO, Ray Danner, not found in any Shoneys procedure manuals. During the course of the litigation, which lasted from 1989-1993, many allegations were made under oath, and entered into the court record that race discrimination at Shoneys was standard operating procedure and had existed during the entire time Ray Danner ran the company. Danner continually denied these allegations throughout the case.\nBy the time the case concluded in 1993, the total cost of the Shoneys settlement was $132.5 million, which was the plaintiffs final compromise figure and the largest ever in a racial discrimination case. In addition, Ray Danner personally contributed approximately $65 million to the settlement. This payment by an individual defendant was unprecedented in U.S. race discrimination cases. According to Steve Watkins The Black O, a book that documents the entire case, 28, 994 claims were submitted in the settlement. At Warren and Goldsteins insistence, that number was expanded beyond the scope of the class of discriminated individuals to include all of Shoneys divisions, except for the franchise stores, for the period from 1985 through November 3, 1992. Based on a complex formula approved by Judge Roger Vinson to determine the validity of those claims and the amount due each legitimate claimant, 20,909 people ultimately received money from the $105 million settlement pool. The plaintiffs attorneys spent nearly $2 million to notify these claimants about the settlement, an effort that the judge said was unmatched by any he had ever seen in a class-action case. Approximately $5 million from the settlement pool was designated for a special class of claimants, those who had been witnesses and named plaintiffs in the case. $10 million was earmarked for African-American former job applicants, and the bulk of the settlement, $90 million, went to incumbent African-American employees. Money left over when the settlement was completed, and after Shoneys final payment in 1998, was divided among five organizations: the United Negro College Fund, the Southern Poverty Law Center, the Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, the Washington Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, and Inroads, a group that works to increase management opportunities for minorities.\nIn the aftermath of the case, Shoneys complied with the affirmative action plan and significantly increased its hiring of restaurant managers, dining room supervisors, and servers of color. In 1995, the company brought in a new management team which greatly improved its position financially, and in hiring, promotion, and business opportunities for minoritized communities.\nNote written by\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["On April 4, 1989, Tallahassee (FL) attorney Tommy Warren and nine named plaintiffs, all former Shoneys and Captain Ds employees or job applicants, served Shoneys CEO, Ray Danner, and Shoneys, Inc. with a class-action suit alleging racial discrimination. The plaintiffs, represented by Warren and his co-counsel, civil rights attorney Barry Goldstein, sought more than half a billion dollars in back pay and punitive damages, in addition to a court-ordered affirmative action plan, to counteract claims of years of racially discriminatory company policy. Witnesses, such as Josephine Haynes, included tens of thousands of workers, former workers, and frustrated job applicants, who said they lost jobs, were denied jobs, or were not given opportunities at Shoneys for even the lowest-paying jobs because they were African-Americans. Other witnesses included lower level white managers, who testified that they were fired because they wouldnt follow company orders to reduce the number of African-Americans. Many said they were instructed to carry out a corporate strategy that was directed by the Companys founder and CEO, Ray Danner, not found in any Shoneys procedure manuals. During the course of the litigation, which lasted from 1989-1993, many allegations were made under oath, and entered into the court record that race discrimination at Shoneys was standard operating procedure and had existed during the entire time Ray Danner ran the company. Danner continually denied these allegations throughout the case.\nBy the time the case concluded in 1993, the total cost of the Shoneys settlement was $132.5 million, which was the plaintiffs final compromise figure and the largest ever in a racial discrimination case. In addition, Ray Danner personally contributed approximately $65 million to the settlement. This payment by an individual defendant was unprecedented in U.S. race discrimination cases. According to Steve Watkins The Black O, a book that documents the entire case, 28, 994 claims were submitted in the settlement. At Warren and Goldsteins insistence, that number was expanded beyond the scope of the class of discriminated individuals to include all of Shoneys divisions, except for the franchise stores, for the period from 1985 through November 3, 1992. Based on a complex formula approved by Judge Roger Vinson to determine the validity of those claims and the amount due each legitimate claimant, 20,909 people ultimately received money from the $105 million settlement pool. The plaintiffs attorneys spent nearly $2 million to notify these claimants about the settlement, an effort that the judge said was unmatched by any he had ever seen in a class-action case. Approximately $5 million from the settlement pool was designated for a special class of claimants, those who had been witnesses and named plaintiffs in the case. $10 million was earmarked for African-American former job applicants, and the bulk of the settlement, $90 million, went to incumbent African-American employees. Money left over when the settlement was completed, and after Shoneys final payment in 1998, was divided among five organizations: the United Negro College Fund, the Southern Poverty Law Center, the Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, the Washington Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, and Inroads, a group that works to increase management opportunities for minorities.\nIn the aftermath of the case, Shoneys complied with the affirmative action plan and significantly increased its hiring of restaurant managers, dining room supervisors, and servers of color. In 1995, the company brought in a new management team which greatly improved its position financially, and in hiring, promotion, and business opportunities for minoritized communities.\nNote written by"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHaynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-2004-001\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Haynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-2004-001"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePartially funded by a National Publications and Records Commission grant, the collection was processed by Chad Underwood from March 2005 to October 2006.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Partially funded by a National Publications and Records Commission grant, the collection was processed by Chad Underwood from March 2005 to October 2006."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Haynes v. Shoneys Papers documents the largest racial discrimination class-action suit against a private employer in the history of civil rights law. The collection has significant historical and research value for American legal history and civil rights scholars. Some topics include the admissibility of prior discrimination as evidence, adverse witnesses, affirmative action, allegations of recent discrimination, class certification, defendants contacts with plaintiffs' witnesses and clients, deceased claimants notes, destruction of evidence, jury selection, Raymond Danner's claim to fight race discrimination, and the Southern Christian Leadership Conferences covenant with Shoneys, in which the corporation promised that it would do business with minority-owned firms and target management jobs and franchise ownership opportunities for African-Americans. Among the materials included are all court pleadings and filings in the case, affidavits and declarations, challenges, consent decrees, correspondence, depositions, discovery documents, expert witness files, interrogatories, investigative files, newspaper and magazine articles, notebooks, orders, policies, press releases, questionnaires, reports, research materials, right-to-sue requests, settlement documents, shopper reports, surveys, visitation reports, and the deposition transcripts of over 150 witnesses, who document the history of the alleged discrimination of Shoneys, Inc and Ray Danner.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Haynes v. Shoneys Papers documents the largest racial discrimination class-action suit against a private employer in the history of civil rights law. The collection has significant historical and research value for American legal history and civil rights scholars. Some topics include the admissibility of prior discrimination as evidence, adverse witnesses, affirmative action, allegations of recent discrimination, class certification, defendants contacts with plaintiffs' witnesses and clients, deceased claimants notes, destruction of evidence, jury selection, Raymond Danner's claim to fight race discrimination, and the Southern Christian Leadership Conferences covenant with Shoneys, in which the corporation promised that it would do business with minority-owned firms and target management jobs and franchise ownership opportunities for African-Americans. Among the materials included are all court pleadings and filings in the case, affidavits and declarations, challenges, consent decrees, correspondence, depositions, discovery documents, expert witness files, interrogatories, investigative files, newspaper and magazine articles, notebooks, orders, policies, press releases, questionnaires, reports, research materials, right-to-sue requests, settlement documents, shopper reports, surveys, visitation reports, and the deposition transcripts of over 150 witnesses, who document the history of the alleged discrimination of Shoneys, Inc and Ray Danner."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. 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Papers, 1959-1997, bulk 1990-1994","Discrimination in employment--United States--Case studies","Discrimination in restaurants--United States--Case studies","Race discrimination--United States","Shoney's Inc.--Personnel management","Interviews.","African Americans--Employment","Clippings (Books, newspapers, etc.)","Correspondence","Legal documents.","Notebooks.","Reports","Sound recordings.","Videocassettes.","This collection is open to all researchers. However, since many records contain personal information, such as Social Security numbers, researchers are requested to contact the Special Collections Department in advance of their visit so that staff may review these materials. The Applicant Claim Forms and Notice of Approval of Current or Former Employee Claims Series, because of the confidential nature of these materials, are closed until 2063. Users may access this collection at the Claude Pepper Library. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.","On April 4, 1989, Tallahassee (FL) attorney Tommy Warren and nine named plaintiffs, all former Shoneys and Captain Ds employees or job applicants, served Shoneys CEO, Ray Danner, and Shoneys, Inc. with a class-action suit alleging racial discrimination. The plaintiffs, represented by Warren and his co-counsel, civil rights attorney Barry Goldstein, sought more than half a billion dollars in back pay and punitive damages, in addition to a court-ordered affirmative action plan, to counteract claims of years of racially discriminatory company policy. Witnesses, such as Josephine Haynes, included tens of thousands of workers, former workers, and frustrated job applicants, who said they lost jobs, were denied jobs, or were not given opportunities at Shoneys for even the lowest-paying jobs because they were African-Americans. Other witnesses included lower level white managers, who testified that they were fired because they wouldnt follow company orders to reduce the number of African-Americans. Many said they were instructed to carry out a corporate strategy that was directed by the Companys founder and CEO, Ray Danner, not found in any Shoneys procedure manuals. During the course of the litigation, which lasted from 1989-1993, many allegations were made under oath, and entered into the court record that race discrimination at Shoneys was standard operating procedure and had existed during the entire time Ray Danner ran the company. Danner continually denied these allegations throughout the case.\nBy the time the case concluded in 1993, the total cost of the Shoneys settlement was $132.5 million, which was the plaintiffs final compromise figure and the largest ever in a racial discrimination case. In addition, Ray Danner personally contributed approximately $65 million to the settlement. This payment by an individual defendant was unprecedented in U.S. race discrimination cases. According to Steve Watkins The Black O, a book that documents the entire case, 28, 994 claims were submitted in the settlement. At Warren and Goldsteins insistence, that number was expanded beyond the scope of the class of discriminated individuals to include all of Shoneys divisions, except for the franchise stores, for the period from 1985 through November 3, 1992. Based on a complex formula approved by Judge Roger Vinson to determine the validity of those claims and the amount due each legitimate claimant, 20,909 people ultimately received money from the $105 million settlement pool. The plaintiffs attorneys spent nearly $2 million to notify these claimants about the settlement, an effort that the judge said was unmatched by any he had ever seen in a class-action case. Approximately $5 million from the settlement pool was designated for a special class of claimants, those who had been witnesses and named plaintiffs in the case. $10 million was earmarked for African-American former job applicants, and the bulk of the settlement, $90 million, went to incumbent African-American employees. Money left over when the settlement was completed, and after Shoneys final payment in 1998, was divided among five organizations: the United Negro College Fund, the Southern Poverty Law Center, the Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, the Washington Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, and Inroads, a group that works to increase management opportunities for minorities.\nIn the aftermath of the case, Shoneys complied with the affirmative action plan and significantly increased its hiring of restaurant managers, dining room supervisors, and servers of color. In 1995, the company brought in a new management team which greatly improved its position financially, and in hiring, promotion, and business opportunities for minoritized communities.\nNote written by","Partially funded by a National Publications and Records Commission grant, the collection was processed by Chad Underwood from March 2005 to October 2006.","The Haynes v. Shoneys Papers documents the largest racial discrimination class-action suit against a private employer in the history of civil rights law. The collection has significant historical and research value for American legal history and civil rights scholars. Some topics include the admissibility of prior discrimination as evidence, adverse witnesses, affirmative action, allegations of recent discrimination, class certification, defendants contacts with plaintiffs' witnesses and clients, deceased claimants notes, destruction of evidence, jury selection, Raymond Danner's claim to fight race discrimination, and the Southern Christian Leadership Conferences covenant with Shoneys, in which the corporation promised that it would do business with minority-owned firms and target management jobs and franchise ownership opportunities for African-Americans. Among the materials included are all court pleadings and filings in the case, affidavits and declarations, challenges, consent decrees, correspondence, depositions, discovery documents, expert witness files, interrogatories, investigative files, newspaper and magazine articles, notebooks, orders, policies, press releases, questionnaires, reports, research materials, right-to-sue requests, settlement documents, shopper reports, surveys, visitation reports, and the deposition transcripts of over 150 witnesses, who document the history of the alleged discrimination of Shoneys, Inc and Ray Danner.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. 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However, since many records contain personal information, such as Social Security numbers, researchers are requested to contact the Special Collections Department in advance of their visit so that staff may review these materials. The Applicant Claim Forms and Notice of Approval of Current or Former Employee Claims Series, because of the confidential nature of these materials, are closed until 2063. Users may access this collection at the Claude Pepper Library. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers. However, since many records contain personal information, such as Social Security numbers, researchers are requested to contact the Special Collections Department in advance of their visit so that staff may review these materials. The Applicant Claim Forms and Notice of Approval of Current or Former Employee Claims Series, because of the confidential nature of these materials, are closed until 2063. Users may access this collection at the Claude Pepper Library. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOn April 4, 1989, Tallahassee (FL) attorney Tommy Warren and nine named plaintiffs, all former Shoneys and Captain Ds employees or job applicants, served Shoneys CEO, Ray Danner, and Shoneys, Inc. with a class-action suit alleging racial discrimination. The plaintiffs, represented by Warren and his co-counsel, civil rights attorney Barry Goldstein, sought more than half a billion dollars in back pay and punitive damages, in addition to a court-ordered affirmative action plan, to counteract claims of years of racially discriminatory company policy. Witnesses, such as Josephine Haynes, included tens of thousands of workers, former workers, and frustrated job applicants, who said they lost jobs, were denied jobs, or were not given opportunities at Shoneys for even the lowest-paying jobs because they were African-Americans. Other witnesses included lower level white managers, who testified that they were fired because they wouldnt follow company orders to reduce the number of African-Americans. Many said they were instructed to carry out a corporate strategy that was directed by the Companys founder and CEO, Ray Danner, not found in any Shoneys procedure manuals. During the course of the litigation, which lasted from 1989-1993, many allegations were made under oath, and entered into the court record that race discrimination at Shoneys was standard operating procedure and had existed during the entire time Ray Danner ran the company. Danner continually denied these allegations throughout the case.\nBy the time the case concluded in 1993, the total cost of the Shoneys settlement was $132.5 million, which was the plaintiffs final compromise figure and the largest ever in a racial discrimination case. In addition, Ray Danner personally contributed approximately $65 million to the settlement. This payment by an individual defendant was unprecedented in U.S. race discrimination cases. According to Steve Watkins The Black O, a book that documents the entire case, 28, 994 claims were submitted in the settlement. At Warren and Goldsteins insistence, that number was expanded beyond the scope of the class of discriminated individuals to include all of Shoneys divisions, except for the franchise stores, for the period from 1985 through November 3, 1992. Based on a complex formula approved by Judge Roger Vinson to determine the validity of those claims and the amount due each legitimate claimant, 20,909 people ultimately received money from the $105 million settlement pool. The plaintiffs attorneys spent nearly $2 million to notify these claimants about the settlement, an effort that the judge said was unmatched by any he had ever seen in a class-action case. Approximately $5 million from the settlement pool was designated for a special class of claimants, those who had been witnesses and named plaintiffs in the case. $10 million was earmarked for African-American former job applicants, and the bulk of the settlement, $90 million, went to incumbent African-American employees. Money left over when the settlement was completed, and after Shoneys final payment in 1998, was divided among five organizations: the United Negro College Fund, the Southern Poverty Law Center, the Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, the Washington Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, and Inroads, a group that works to increase management opportunities for minorities.\nIn the aftermath of the case, Shoneys complied with the affirmative action plan and significantly increased its hiring of restaurant managers, dining room supervisors, and servers of color. In 1995, the company brought in a new management team which greatly improved its position financially, and in hiring, promotion, and business opportunities for minoritized communities.\nNote written by\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["On April 4, 1989, Tallahassee (FL) attorney Tommy Warren and nine named plaintiffs, all former Shoneys and Captain Ds employees or job applicants, served Shoneys CEO, Ray Danner, and Shoneys, Inc. with a class-action suit alleging racial discrimination. The plaintiffs, represented by Warren and his co-counsel, civil rights attorney Barry Goldstein, sought more than half a billion dollars in back pay and punitive damages, in addition to a court-ordered affirmative action plan, to counteract claims of years of racially discriminatory company policy. Witnesses, such as Josephine Haynes, included tens of thousands of workers, former workers, and frustrated job applicants, who said they lost jobs, were denied jobs, or were not given opportunities at Shoneys for even the lowest-paying jobs because they were African-Americans. Other witnesses included lower level white managers, who testified that they were fired because they wouldnt follow company orders to reduce the number of African-Americans. Many said they were instructed to carry out a corporate strategy that was directed by the Companys founder and CEO, Ray Danner, not found in any Shoneys procedure manuals. During the course of the litigation, which lasted from 1989-1993, many allegations were made under oath, and entered into the court record that race discrimination at Shoneys was standard operating procedure and had existed during the entire time Ray Danner ran the company. Danner continually denied these allegations throughout the case.\nBy the time the case concluded in 1993, the total cost of the Shoneys settlement was $132.5 million, which was the plaintiffs final compromise figure and the largest ever in a racial discrimination case. In addition, Ray Danner personally contributed approximately $65 million to the settlement. This payment by an individual defendant was unprecedented in U.S. race discrimination cases. According to Steve Watkins The Black O, a book that documents the entire case, 28, 994 claims were submitted in the settlement. At Warren and Goldsteins insistence, that number was expanded beyond the scope of the class of discriminated individuals to include all of Shoneys divisions, except for the franchise stores, for the period from 1985 through November 3, 1992. Based on a complex formula approved by Judge Roger Vinson to determine the validity of those claims and the amount due each legitimate claimant, 20,909 people ultimately received money from the $105 million settlement pool. The plaintiffs attorneys spent nearly $2 million to notify these claimants about the settlement, an effort that the judge said was unmatched by any he had ever seen in a class-action case. Approximately $5 million from the settlement pool was designated for a special class of claimants, those who had been witnesses and named plaintiffs in the case. $10 million was earmarked for African-American former job applicants, and the bulk of the settlement, $90 million, went to incumbent African-American employees. Money left over when the settlement was completed, and after Shoneys final payment in 1998, was divided among five organizations: the United Negro College Fund, the Southern Poverty Law Center, the Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, the Washington Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, and Inroads, a group that works to increase management opportunities for minorities.\nIn the aftermath of the case, Shoneys complied with the affirmative action plan and significantly increased its hiring of restaurant managers, dining room supervisors, and servers of color. In 1995, the company brought in a new management team which greatly improved its position financially, and in hiring, promotion, and business opportunities for minoritized communities.\nNote written by"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHaynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-2004-001\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Haynes et al. v. Shoney's, Inc. Papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-2004-001"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePartially funded by a National Publications and Records Commission grant, the collection was processed by Chad Underwood from March 2005 to October 2006.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Partially funded by a National Publications and Records Commission grant, the collection was processed by Chad Underwood from March 2005 to October 2006."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Haynes v. Shoneys Papers documents the largest racial discrimination class-action suit against a private employer in the history of civil rights law. The collection has significant historical and research value for American legal history and civil rights scholars. Some topics include the admissibility of prior discrimination as evidence, adverse witnesses, affirmative action, allegations of recent discrimination, class certification, defendants contacts with plaintiffs' witnesses and clients, deceased claimants notes, destruction of evidence, jury selection, Raymond Danner's claim to fight race discrimination, and the Southern Christian Leadership Conferences covenant with Shoneys, in which the corporation promised that it would do business with minority-owned firms and target management jobs and franchise ownership opportunities for African-Americans. Among the materials included are all court pleadings and filings in the case, affidavits and declarations, challenges, consent decrees, correspondence, depositions, discovery documents, expert witness files, interrogatories, investigative files, newspaper and magazine articles, notebooks, orders, policies, press releases, questionnaires, reports, research materials, right-to-sue requests, settlement documents, shopper reports, surveys, visitation reports, and the deposition transcripts of over 150 witnesses, who document the history of the alleged discrimination of Shoneys, Inc and Ray Danner.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Haynes v. Shoneys Papers documents the largest racial discrimination class-action suit against a private employer in the history of civil rights law. The collection has significant historical and research value for American legal history and civil rights scholars. Some topics include the admissibility of prior discrimination as evidence, adverse witnesses, affirmative action, allegations of recent discrimination, class certification, defendants contacts with plaintiffs' witnesses and clients, deceased claimants notes, destruction of evidence, jury selection, Raymond Danner's claim to fight race discrimination, and the Southern Christian Leadership Conferences covenant with Shoneys, in which the corporation promised that it would do business with minority-owned firms and target management jobs and franchise ownership opportunities for African-Americans. Among the materials included are all court pleadings and filings in the case, affidavits and declarations, challenges, consent decrees, correspondence, depositions, discovery documents, expert witness files, interrogatories, investigative files, newspaper and magazine articles, notebooks, orders, policies, press releases, questionnaires, reports, research materials, right-to-sue requests, settlement documents, shopper reports, surveys, visitation reports, and the deposition transcripts of over 150 witnesses, who document the history of the alleged discrimination of Shoneys, Inc and Ray Danner."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections and Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_991a1ea9febf70050aa6b227f8416a78\"\u003eClaude Pepper Library.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Claude Pepper Library."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Thomas A. Warren Law Offices (Tallahassee, Fla.)","Danner, Raymond L."],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Thomas A. Warren Law Offices (Tallahassee, Fla.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Danner, Raymond L."],"persname_ssim":["Danner, Raymond L."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":4803,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"b7ddc964c6f13a7e308f2280","timestamp":"2026-07-09T10:15:54.221Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/b7ddc964c6f13a7e308f2280"}},{"id":"1b7914a61531fd42e10ffbbd","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Heinberg, Charles Jerome, Papers, 1952-1981, Date acquired: 06/23/1981","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/1b7914a61531fd42e10ffbbd#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Heinberg, Charles Jerome"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/1b7914a61531fd42e10ffbbd#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, newspaper clippings, programs, and other materials concerning his activities as mayor of Gulf Breeze (1961-1971), and professional activities in medical associations, medical research, and membership in the Triological Society. Includes a preliminary water study for Gulf Breeze (1961), Heinberg's history of Pensacola Hospital (Sacred Heart Hospital), and publications, reprints of published articles and typescripts of medical research papers written by Dr. Heinberg. \u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/1b7914a61531fd42e10ffbbd#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"1b7914a61531fd42e10ffbbd","title_ssm":["Heinberg, Charles Jerome, Papers"],"title_tesim":["Heinberg, Charles Jerome, Papers"],"ead_ssi":"1b7914a61531fd42e10ffbbd","unitdate_ssm":["1952-1981","Date acquired: 06/23/1981"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1952-1981"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 06/23/1981"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M1981-06","/repositories/2/resources/154"],"text":["M1981-06","/repositories/2/resources/154","Heinberg, Charles Jerome, Papers, 1952-1981, Date acquired: 06/23/1981","Gulf Breeze (Fla.)--Politics and government.","Medicine--Research.","Medicine--Societies, etc.","Water-supply--Florida--Gulf Breeze.","Physicians--Florida--Pensacola.","Histories--Florida--Gulf Breeze.","Mayors--Florida--Gulf Breeze.","Physicians--Florida--Gulf Breeze.","Programs--Florida--Gulf Breeze.","Open to researchers, dependent on our compliance with U.S. Copyright Law, HIPPA requirements, donor agreements and other applicable state and federal statutes.  Occasionally we may need to review a collection before permitting immediate access.","Dr. Heinberg previously donated a small collection (M1973-03) concerning his activities as mayor of Gulf Breeze.","Cataloged 06/24/1981","Correspondence, newspaper clippings, programs, and other materials concerning his activities as mayor of Gulf Breeze (1961-1971), and professional activities in medical associations, medical research, and membership in the Triological Society.  Includes a preliminary water study for Gulf Breeze (1961), Heinberg's history of Pensacola Hospital (Sacred Heart Hospital), and publications, reprints of published articles and typescripts of medical research papers written by Dr. Heinberg.  ","See also a second collection, M1981-06, containing historical notes on Gulf Breeze; scrapbook, 1961-1971 relating to Dr. Heinberg's service as the first mayor of the community; general papers relating to the Live Oak Reservation lands.","Digital photography, scanning, and photocopying of materials is prohibited.  Permission may be granted by the Special Collections Librarian for such reprography dependent on issues of copyright, ownership, condition, donor agreements, etc.  In general, staff do not make reproductions of copyright materials or materials for which title is not owned by the institution.  Recent revisions in the U.S. Copyright Law extended the copyright of correspondence, letters, and other personal papers to the life of the author plus seventy years.","UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center","American Laryngological, Rhinological, and Otological Society.","Sacred Heart Hospital (Pensacola, Fla.)","Escambia County Medical Society (Fla.)","Santa Rosa Utilities Company (Fla.)","Pensacola Hospital (Pensacola, Fla.)","Heinberg, Charles Jerome","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M1981-06","/repositories/2/resources/154"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1952-1981, Date acquired: 06/23/1981"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Heinberg, Charles Jerome, Papers, 1952-1981, Date acquired: 06/23/1981"],"collection_title_tesim":["Heinberg, Charles Jerome, Papers, 1952-1981, Date acquired: 06/23/1981"],"collection_ssim":["Heinberg, Charles Jerome, Papers, 1952-1981, Date acquired: 06/23/1981"],"repository_ssm":["UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center"],"repository_ssim":["UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Gulf Breeze (Fla.)--Politics and government."],"geogname_ssim":["Gulf Breeze (Fla.)--Politics and government."],"creator_ssm":["Heinberg, Charles Jerome"],"creator_ssim":["Heinberg, Charles Jerome"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Heinberg, Charles Jerome"],"creators_ssim":["Heinberg, Charles Jerome"],"places_ssim":["Gulf Breeze (Fla.)--Politics and government."],"access_terms_ssm":["Digital photography, scanning, and photocopying of materials is prohibited.  Permission may be granted by the Special Collections Librarian for such reprography dependent on issues of copyright, ownership, condition, donor agreements, etc.  In general, staff do not make reproductions of copyright materials or materials for which title is not owned by the institution.  Recent revisions in the U.S. Copyright Law extended the copyright of correspondence, letters, and other personal papers to the life of the author plus seventy years."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Dr. C. J. Heinberg, June 23, 1981"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Medicine--Research.","Medicine--Societies, etc.","Water-supply--Florida--Gulf Breeze.","Physicians--Florida--Pensacola.","Histories--Florida--Gulf Breeze.","Mayors--Florida--Gulf Breeze.","Physicians--Florida--Gulf Breeze.","Programs--Florida--Gulf Breeze."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Medicine--Research.","Medicine--Societies, etc.","Water-supply--Florida--Gulf Breeze.","Physicians--Florida--Pensacola.","Histories--Florida--Gulf Breeze.","Mayors--Florida--Gulf Breeze.","Physicians--Florida--Gulf Breeze.","Programs--Florida--Gulf Breeze."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["35.00 items"],"extent_tesim":["35.00 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Histories--Florida--Gulf Breeze.","Mayors--Florida--Gulf Breeze.","Physicians--Florida--Gulf Breeze.","Programs--Florida--Gulf Breeze."],"date_range_isim":[1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers, dependent on our compliance with U.S. Copyright Law, HIPPA requirements, donor agreements and other applicable state and federal statutes.  Occasionally we may need to review a collection before permitting immediate access.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers, dependent on our compliance with U.S. Copyright Law, HIPPA requirements, donor agreements and other applicable state and federal statutes.  Occasionally we may need to review a collection before permitting immediate access."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Heinberg previously donated a small collection (M1973-03) concerning his activities as mayor of Gulf Breeze.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Dr. Heinberg previously donated a small collection (M1973-03) concerning his activities as mayor of Gulf Breeze."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCataloged 06/24/1981\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Cataloged 06/24/1981"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, newspaper clippings, programs, and other materials concerning his activities as mayor of Gulf Breeze (1961-1971), and professional activities in medical associations, medical research, and membership in the Triological Society.  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Recent revisions in the U.S. Copyright Law extended the copyright of correspondence, letters, and other personal papers to the life of the author plus seventy years.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Digital photography, scanning, and photocopying of materials is prohibited.  Permission may be granted by the Special Collections Librarian for such reprography dependent on issues of copyright, ownership, condition, donor agreements, etc.  In general, staff do not make reproductions of copyright materials or materials for which title is not owned by the institution.  Recent revisions in the U.S. Copyright Law extended the copyright of correspondence, letters, and other personal papers to the life of the author plus seventy years."],"names_coll_ssim":["American Laryngological, Rhinological, and Otological Society.","Sacred Heart Hospital (Pensacola, Fla.)","Escambia County Medical Society (Fla.)","Santa Rosa Utilities Company (Fla.)","Pensacola Hospital (Pensacola, Fla.)"],"names_ssim":["UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center","American Laryngological, Rhinological, and Otological Society.","Sacred Heart Hospital (Pensacola, Fla.)","Escambia County Medical Society (Fla.)","Santa Rosa Utilities Company (Fla.)","Pensacola Hospital (Pensacola, Fla.)","Heinberg, Charles Jerome"],"corpname_ssim":["UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center","American Laryngological, Rhinological, and Otological Society.","Sacred Heart Hospital (Pensacola, Fla.)","Escambia County Medical Society (Fla.)","Santa Rosa Utilities Company (Fla.)","Pensacola Hospital (Pensacola, Fla.)"],"persname_ssim":["Heinberg, Charles Jerome"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":42,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870863407114092544,"_root_":"1b7914a61531fd42e10ffbbd","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:33:00.869Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"1b7914a61531fd42e10ffbbd","title_ssm":["Heinberg, Charles Jerome, Papers"],"title_tesim":["Heinberg, Charles Jerome, Papers"],"ead_ssi":"1b7914a61531fd42e10ffbbd","unitdate_ssm":["1952-1981","Date acquired: 06/23/1981"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1952-1981"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 06/23/1981"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M1981-06","/repositories/2/resources/154"],"text":["M1981-06","/repositories/2/resources/154","Heinberg, Charles Jerome, Papers, 1952-1981, Date acquired: 06/23/1981","Gulf Breeze (Fla.)--Politics and government.","Medicine--Research.","Medicine--Societies, etc.","Water-supply--Florida--Gulf Breeze.","Physicians--Florida--Pensacola.","Histories--Florida--Gulf Breeze.","Mayors--Florida--Gulf Breeze.","Physicians--Florida--Gulf Breeze.","Programs--Florida--Gulf Breeze.","Open to researchers, dependent on our compliance with U.S. Copyright Law, HIPPA requirements, donor agreements and other applicable state and federal statutes.  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Includes a preliminary water study for Gulf Breeze (1961), Heinberg's history of Pensacola Hospital (Sacred Heart Hospital), and publications, reprints of published articles and typescripts of medical research papers written by Dr. Heinberg.  ","See also a second collection, M1981-06, containing historical notes on Gulf Breeze; scrapbook, 1961-1971 relating to Dr. Heinberg's service as the first mayor of the community; general papers relating to the Live Oak Reservation lands."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigital photography, scanning, and photocopying of materials is prohibited.  Permission may be granted by the Special Collections Librarian for such reprography dependent on issues of copyright, ownership, condition, donor agreements, etc.  In general, staff do not make reproductions of copyright materials or materials for which title is not owned by the institution.  Recent revisions in the U.S. Copyright Law extended the copyright of correspondence, letters, and other personal papers to the life of the author plus seventy years.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Digital photography, scanning, and photocopying of materials is prohibited.  Permission may be granted by the Special Collections Librarian for such reprography dependent on issues of copyright, ownership, condition, donor agreements, etc.  In general, staff do not make reproductions of copyright materials or materials for which title is not owned by the institution.  Recent revisions in the U.S. Copyright Law extended the copyright of correspondence, letters, and other personal papers to the life of the author plus seventy years."],"names_coll_ssim":["American Laryngological, Rhinological, and Otological Society.","Sacred Heart Hospital (Pensacola, Fla.)","Escambia County Medical Society (Fla.)","Santa Rosa Utilities Company (Fla.)","Pensacola Hospital (Pensacola, Fla.)"],"names_ssim":["UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center","American Laryngological, Rhinological, and Otological Society.","Sacred Heart Hospital (Pensacola, Fla.)","Escambia County Medical Society (Fla.)","Santa Rosa Utilities Company (Fla.)","Pensacola Hospital (Pensacola, Fla.)","Heinberg, Charles Jerome"],"corpname_ssim":["UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center","American Laryngological, Rhinological, and Otological Society.","Sacred Heart Hospital (Pensacola, Fla.)","Escambia County Medical Society (Fla.)","Santa Rosa Utilities Company (Fla.)","Pensacola Hospital (Pensacola, Fla.)"],"persname_ssim":["Heinberg, Charles Jerome"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":42,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870863407114092544,"_root_":"1b7914a61531fd42e10ffbbd","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:33:00.869Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/1b7914a61531fd42e10ffbbd"}},{"id":"36fec5a8e863fc66e43f7e67","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Helen E. Walsh Collection, 1942-2004, Date acquired: 06/14/2004, bulk 1942-1945","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/36fec5a8e863fc66e43f7e67#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/36fec5a8e863fc66e43f7e67#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eHelen E. Walsh served in the Women's Army Corps from September 1942 to October 1945. She served as an artificer in Oran, Algeria, North Africa; Caserta, Italy; and Dijon, France. She earned three major battle stars for her service close to the front lines in three major battle areas of the European Theater, including Rome-Arno, North Apennines, and Rhineland. She was a Sergeant Major when she received an honorable medical discharge. Walsh remained active in the National Association of Women's Veterans, and kept extensive scrapbooks about her own service in the WAC, and of World War II in general. \u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/36fec5a8e863fc66e43f7e67#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"36fec5a8e863fc66e43f7e67","title_filing_ssi":"Walsh, Helen E. Collection","title_ssm":["Helen E. Walsh Collection"],"title_tesim":["Helen E. Walsh Collection"],"ead_ssi":"36fec5a8e863fc66e43f7e67","unitdate_ssm":["1942-2004","1942-1945","Date acquired: 06/14/2004"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1942-1945"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1942-2004"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 06/14/2004"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["04.0174","/repositories/10/resources/1018"],"text":["04.0174","/repositories/10/resources/1018","Helen E. Walsh Collection, 1942-2004, Date acquired: 06/14/2004, bulk 1942-1945","Fort Des Moines (Iowa)","Fort Devens (Mass.)","Camp Polk (La.)","Norfolk (Va.)","Oran (Algeria)","Caserta (Italy)","Dijon (France)","Fort Bragg (N.C.)","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy--Arno River Valley","World War, 1939-1945","United States--Armed Forces--Uniforms","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Algeria","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Africa, North","This collection is open to all researchers.","Helen Elizabeth Walsh was born August 10, 1914, in McGregor, Iowa. She was the youngest of five children and walked six miles to school every day in the countryside when she was a kid. She graduated high school as valedictorian in 1934 and went to Midland Linotype School in Charles City, Iowa. She worked as a linotype operator in Morning Sun, Iowa; Floyd, Iowa; and eventually in Fernandina, Florida.\n On September 26, 1942, at the age of twenty-eight, Walsh was one of the first women to enlist in the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps at Camp Blanding, Florida. She went to basic training in Des Moines, Iowa, on October 13, 1942. She served in the 8th Company, 2nd Battalion, \"Pee Wee\" Platoon. Prior to her overseas service, Walsh was stationed in Norfolk, Virginia, performing radar communications work for the Norfolk Virginia Air Corps from November 11, 1942, to March 22, 1943. She was stationed at Camp Polk, Louisiana, for training from March 22, 1943, to May 25, 1943. She completed training at Fort Devens, Massachusetts, from May 25, 1943, until August 1943.\n Walsh shipped out to Oran, Algeria, North Africa, on August 12, 1943. She served in Oran from September 1943 to July 1944. She first served in the air corps as a Technician 5th Class. Her role in the Women's Army Corps was as an artificer; she had her own workshop and fixed things like water works, irons, broken mirrors, etc. She had four young Algerian boys working in her workshop to keep it clean, and she lived in a tent with three other WACs. From July 1944 to November 1944, Walsh served in Caserta, Italy, as an artificer. She was promoted to Technician 4th class on October 23, 1944. In November 1944, she was stationed in Dijon, France, and was promoted to Sergeant in December 1944.\n In May 1945, Walsh shipped to Charleston, South Carolina, on the Army Hospital Ship Algonquin. She had debilitating pain in her jaw from numerous cysts. She received an Honorable Medical Discharge from the Army at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, on October 3, 1945. During World War II, Walsh provided war products and communications services to the front lines in Algeria, Italy, and France. She earned three major battle stars for her service close to the front lines in three major battle areas of the European Theater, including Rome-Arno, North Apennines, and Rhineland.\n After World War II, Walsh created scrapbooks containing extensive information about her personal WAC experiences; photographs from her time overseas; and newspaper clippings about herself, other WACs, and the war in general. She continued her work as a linotype operator for newspapers in Iowa, Minnesota, and Florida, before developing her own successful business in real estate property management when she settled in Decatur, Georgia. She was a member of the Atlanta World War II Roundtable and Avondale American Legion Post 66 and was involved in the National Association of Women Veterans. Walsh died in Decatur, Georgia, on December 24, 2007, at the age of 93.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","Processed February 2017; Updated June 2020","Helen E. Walsh served in the Women's Army Corps from September 1942 to October 1945. She served as an artificer in Oran, Algeria, North Africa; Caserta, Italy; and Dijon, France. She earned three major battle stars for her service close to the front lines in three major battle areas of the European Theater, including Rome-Arno, North Apennines, and Rhineland. She was a Sergeant Major when she received an honorable medical discharge. Walsh remained active in the National Association of Women's Veterans, and kept extensive scrapbooks about her own service in the WAC, and of World War II in general.\n The collection contains 1 box of documents and clippings about Walsh during and after her Army service, 1/2 box of photographs Walsh took while serving overseas, 2 artifact boxes containing Walsh's Army equipment and items she collected overseas, and 4 Women's Army Corps uniform pieces.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Camp Blanding (Fla.)","United States. Army. Women's Army Corps","Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007","English"],"unitid_tesim":["04.0174","/repositories/10/resources/1018"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1942-2004, Date acquired: 06/14/2004, bulk 1942-1945"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Helen E. Walsh Collection, 1942-2004, Date acquired: 06/14/2004, bulk 1942-1945"],"collection_title_tesim":["Helen E. Walsh Collection, 1942-2004, Date acquired: 06/14/2004, bulk 1942-1945"],"collection_ssim":["Helen E. Walsh Collection, 1942-2004, Date acquired: 06/14/2004, bulk 1942-1945"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Fort Des Moines (Iowa)","Fort Devens (Mass.)","Camp Polk (La.)","Norfolk (Va.)","Oran (Algeria)","Caserta (Italy)","Dijon (France)","Fort Bragg (N.C.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Fort Des Moines (Iowa)","Fort Devens (Mass.)","Camp Polk (La.)","Norfolk (Va.)","Oran (Algeria)","Caserta (Italy)","Dijon (France)","Fort Bragg (N.C.)"],"creator_ssm":["Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007"],"creator_ssim":["Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007"],"creators_ssim":["Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007"],"places_ssim":["Fort Des Moines (Iowa)","Fort Devens (Mass.)","Camp Polk (La.)","Norfolk (Va.)","Oran (Algeria)","Caserta (Italy)","Dijon (France)","Fort Bragg (N.C.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Helen E. Walsh","Donated"],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy--Arno River Valley","World War, 1939-1945","United States--Armed Forces--Uniforms","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Algeria","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Africa, North"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy--Arno River Valley","World War, 1939-1945","United States--Armed Forces--Uniforms","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Algeria","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Africa, North"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.5 boxes Gen Coll: [1] Full Box; PH Coll: (1) 1/2 box; AT Coll: [2] Full Boxes; Oversize\nUniform Box 1; Gen Coll: Oversize Box 5; Uniform Rack 2"],"extent_tesim":["2.5 boxes Gen Coll: [1] Full Box; PH Coll: (1) 1/2 box; AT Coll: [2] Full Boxes; Oversize\nUniform Box 1; Gen Coll: Oversize Box 5; Uniform Rack 2"],"date_range_isim":[1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHelen Elizabeth Walsh was born August 10, 1914, in McGregor, Iowa. She was the youngest of five children and walked six miles to school every day in the countryside when she was a kid. She graduated high school as valedictorian in 1934 and went to Midland Linotype School in Charles City, Iowa. She worked as a linotype operator in Morning Sun, Iowa; Floyd, Iowa; and eventually in Fernandina, Florida.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOn September 26, 1942, at the age of twenty-eight, Walsh was one of the first women to enlist in the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps at Camp Blanding, Florida. She went to basic training in Des Moines, Iowa, on October 13, 1942. She served in the 8th Company, 2nd Battalion, \"Pee Wee\" Platoon. Prior to her overseas service, Walsh was stationed in Norfolk, Virginia, performing radar communications work for the Norfolk Virginia Air Corps from November 11, 1942, to March 22, 1943. She was stationed at Camp Polk, Louisiana, for training from March 22, 1943, to May 25, 1943. She completed training at Fort Devens, Massachusetts, from May 25, 1943, until August 1943.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWalsh shipped out to Oran, Algeria, North Africa, on August 12, 1943. She served in Oran from September 1943 to July 1944. She first served in the air corps as a Technician 5th Class. Her role in the Women's Army Corps was as an artificer; she had her own workshop and fixed things like water works, irons, broken mirrors, etc. She had four young Algerian boys working in her workshop to keep it clean, and she lived in a tent with three other WACs. From July 1944 to November 1944, Walsh served in Caserta, Italy, as an artificer. She was promoted to Technician 4th class on October 23, 1944. In November 1944, she was stationed in Dijon, France, and was promoted to Sergeant in December 1944.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn May 1945, Walsh shipped to Charleston, South Carolina, on the Army Hospital Ship Algonquin. She had debilitating pain in her jaw from numerous cysts. She received an Honorable Medical Discharge from the Army at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, on October 3, 1945. During World War II, Walsh provided war products and communications services to the front lines in Algeria, Italy, and France. She earned three major battle stars for her service close to the front lines in three major battle areas of the European Theater, including Rome-Arno, North Apennines, and Rhineland.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAfter World War II, Walsh created scrapbooks containing extensive information about her personal WAC experiences; photographs from her time overseas; and newspaper clippings about herself, other WACs, and the war in general. She continued her work as a linotype operator for newspapers in Iowa, Minnesota, and Florida, before developing her own successful business in real estate property management when she settled in Decatur, Georgia. She was a member of the Atlanta World War II Roundtable and Avondale American Legion Post 66 and was involved in the National Association of Women Veterans. Walsh died in Decatur, Georgia, on December 24, 2007, at the age of 93.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Helen Elizabeth Walsh was born August 10, 1914, in McGregor, Iowa. She was the youngest of five children and walked six miles to school every day in the countryside when she was a kid. She graduated high school as valedictorian in 1934 and went to Midland Linotype School in Charles City, Iowa. She worked as a linotype operator in Morning Sun, Iowa; Floyd, Iowa; and eventually in Fernandina, Florida.\n On September 26, 1942, at the age of twenty-eight, Walsh was one of the first women to enlist in the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps at Camp Blanding, Florida. She went to basic training in Des Moines, Iowa, on October 13, 1942. She served in the 8th Company, 2nd Battalion, \"Pee Wee\" Platoon. Prior to her overseas service, Walsh was stationed in Norfolk, Virginia, performing radar communications work for the Norfolk Virginia Air Corps from November 11, 1942, to March 22, 1943. She was stationed at Camp Polk, Louisiana, for training from March 22, 1943, to May 25, 1943. She completed training at Fort Devens, Massachusetts, from May 25, 1943, until August 1943.\n Walsh shipped out to Oran, Algeria, North Africa, on August 12, 1943. She served in Oran from September 1943 to July 1944. She first served in the air corps as a Technician 5th Class. Her role in the Women's Army Corps was as an artificer; she had her own workshop and fixed things like water works, irons, broken mirrors, etc. She had four young Algerian boys working in her workshop to keep it clean, and she lived in a tent with three other WACs. From July 1944 to November 1944, Walsh served in Caserta, Italy, as an artificer. She was promoted to Technician 4th class on October 23, 1944. In November 1944, she was stationed in Dijon, France, and was promoted to Sergeant in December 1944.\n In May 1945, Walsh shipped to Charleston, South Carolina, on the Army Hospital Ship Algonquin. She had debilitating pain in her jaw from numerous cysts. She received an Honorable Medical Discharge from the Army at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, on October 3, 1945. During World War II, Walsh provided war products and communications services to the front lines in Algeria, Italy, and France. She earned three major battle stars for her service close to the front lines in three major battle areas of the European Theater, including Rome-Arno, North Apennines, and Rhineland.\n After World War II, Walsh created scrapbooks containing extensive information about her personal WAC experiences; photographs from her time overseas; and newspaper clippings about herself, other WACs, and the war in general. She continued her work as a linotype operator for newspapers in Iowa, Minnesota, and Florida, before developing her own successful business in real estate property management when she settled in Decatur, Georgia. She was a member of the Atlanta World War II Roundtable and Avondale American Legion Post 66 and was involved in the National Association of Women Veterans. Walsh died in Decatur, Georgia, on December 24, 2007, at the age of 93."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Helen E. Walsh Collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_04_0174\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_04_0174\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Helen E. Walsh Collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_04_0174 ."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed February 2017; Updated June 2020\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed February 2017; Updated June 2020"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHelen E. Walsh served in the Women's Army Corps from September 1942 to October 1945. She served as an artificer in Oran, Algeria, North Africa; Caserta, Italy; and Dijon, France. She earned three major battle stars for her service close to the front lines in three major battle areas of the European Theater, including Rome-Arno, North Apennines, and Rhineland. She was a Sergeant Major when she received an honorable medical discharge. Walsh remained active in the National Association of Women's Veterans, and kept extensive scrapbooks about her own service in the WAC, and of World War II in general.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe collection contains 1 box of documents and clippings about Walsh during and after her Army service, 1/2 box of photographs Walsh took while serving overseas, 2 artifact boxes containing Walsh's Army equipment and items she collected overseas, and 4 Women's Army Corps uniform pieces.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Helen E. Walsh served in the Women's Army Corps from September 1942 to October 1945. She served as an artificer in Oran, Algeria, North Africa; Caserta, Italy; and Dijon, France. She earned three major battle stars for her service close to the front lines in three major battle areas of the European Theater, including Rome-Arno, North Apennines, and Rhineland. She was a Sergeant Major when she received an honorable medical discharge. Walsh remained active in the National Association of Women's Veterans, and kept extensive scrapbooks about her own service in the WAC, and of World War II in general.\n The collection contains 1 box of documents and clippings about Walsh during and after her Army service, 1/2 box of photographs Walsh took while serving overseas, 2 artifact boxes containing Walsh's Army equipment and items she collected overseas, and 4 Women's Army Corps uniform pieces."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_coll_ssim":["Camp Blanding (Fla.)","United States. Army. Women's Army Corps"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Camp Blanding (Fla.)","United States. Army. Women's Army Corps","Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Camp Blanding (Fla.)","United States. Army. Women's Army Corps"],"persname_ssim":["Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":65,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870856701273440256,"_root_":"36fec5a8e863fc66e43f7e67","timestamp":"2026-07-16T07:46:25.679Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"36fec5a8e863fc66e43f7e67","title_filing_ssi":"Walsh, Helen E. Collection","title_ssm":["Helen E. Walsh Collection"],"title_tesim":["Helen E. Walsh Collection"],"ead_ssi":"36fec5a8e863fc66e43f7e67","unitdate_ssm":["1942-2004","1942-1945","Date acquired: 06/14/2004"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1942-1945"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1942-2004"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 06/14/2004"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["04.0174","/repositories/10/resources/1018"],"text":["04.0174","/repositories/10/resources/1018","Helen E. Walsh Collection, 1942-2004, Date acquired: 06/14/2004, bulk 1942-1945","Fort Des Moines (Iowa)","Fort Devens (Mass.)","Camp Polk (La.)","Norfolk (Va.)","Oran (Algeria)","Caserta (Italy)","Dijon (France)","Fort Bragg (N.C.)","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy--Arno River Valley","World War, 1939-1945","United States--Armed Forces--Uniforms","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Algeria","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Africa, North","This collection is open to all researchers.","Helen Elizabeth Walsh was born August 10, 1914, in McGregor, Iowa. She was the youngest of five children and walked six miles to school every day in the countryside when she was a kid. She graduated high school as valedictorian in 1934 and went to Midland Linotype School in Charles City, Iowa. She worked as a linotype operator in Morning Sun, Iowa; Floyd, Iowa; and eventually in Fernandina, Florida.\n On September 26, 1942, at the age of twenty-eight, Walsh was one of the first women to enlist in the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps at Camp Blanding, Florida. She went to basic training in Des Moines, Iowa, on October 13, 1942. She served in the 8th Company, 2nd Battalion, \"Pee Wee\" Platoon. Prior to her overseas service, Walsh was stationed in Norfolk, Virginia, performing radar communications work for the Norfolk Virginia Air Corps from November 11, 1942, to March 22, 1943. She was stationed at Camp Polk, Louisiana, for training from March 22, 1943, to May 25, 1943. She completed training at Fort Devens, Massachusetts, from May 25, 1943, until August 1943.\n Walsh shipped out to Oran, Algeria, North Africa, on August 12, 1943. She served in Oran from September 1943 to July 1944. She first served in the air corps as a Technician 5th Class. Her role in the Women's Army Corps was as an artificer; she had her own workshop and fixed things like water works, irons, broken mirrors, etc. She had four young Algerian boys working in her workshop to keep it clean, and she lived in a tent with three other WACs. From July 1944 to November 1944, Walsh served in Caserta, Italy, as an artificer. She was promoted to Technician 4th class on October 23, 1944. In November 1944, she was stationed in Dijon, France, and was promoted to Sergeant in December 1944.\n In May 1945, Walsh shipped to Charleston, South Carolina, on the Army Hospital Ship Algonquin. She had debilitating pain in her jaw from numerous cysts. She received an Honorable Medical Discharge from the Army at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, on October 3, 1945. During World War II, Walsh provided war products and communications services to the front lines in Algeria, Italy, and France. She earned three major battle stars for her service close to the front lines in three major battle areas of the European Theater, including Rome-Arno, North Apennines, and Rhineland.\n After World War II, Walsh created scrapbooks containing extensive information about her personal WAC experiences; photographs from her time overseas; and newspaper clippings about herself, other WACs, and the war in general. She continued her work as a linotype operator for newspapers in Iowa, Minnesota, and Florida, before developing her own successful business in real estate property management when she settled in Decatur, Georgia. She was a member of the Atlanta World War II Roundtable and Avondale American Legion Post 66 and was involved in the National Association of Women Veterans. Walsh died in Decatur, Georgia, on December 24, 2007, at the age of 93.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","Processed February 2017; Updated June 2020","Helen E. Walsh served in the Women's Army Corps from September 1942 to October 1945. She served as an artificer in Oran, Algeria, North Africa; Caserta, Italy; and Dijon, France. She earned three major battle stars for her service close to the front lines in three major battle areas of the European Theater, including Rome-Arno, North Apennines, and Rhineland. She was a Sergeant Major when she received an honorable medical discharge. Walsh remained active in the National Association of Women's Veterans, and kept extensive scrapbooks about her own service in the WAC, and of World War II in general.\n The collection contains 1 box of documents and clippings about Walsh during and after her Army service, 1/2 box of photographs Walsh took while serving overseas, 2 artifact boxes containing Walsh's Army equipment and items she collected overseas, and 4 Women's Army Corps uniform pieces.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Camp Blanding (Fla.)","United States. Army. Women's Army Corps","Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007","English"],"unitid_tesim":["04.0174","/repositories/10/resources/1018"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1942-2004, Date acquired: 06/14/2004, bulk 1942-1945"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Helen E. Walsh Collection, 1942-2004, Date acquired: 06/14/2004, bulk 1942-1945"],"collection_title_tesim":["Helen E. Walsh Collection, 1942-2004, Date acquired: 06/14/2004, bulk 1942-1945"],"collection_ssim":["Helen E. Walsh Collection, 1942-2004, Date acquired: 06/14/2004, bulk 1942-1945"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Fort Des Moines (Iowa)","Fort Devens (Mass.)","Camp Polk (La.)","Norfolk (Va.)","Oran (Algeria)","Caserta (Italy)","Dijon (France)","Fort Bragg (N.C.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Fort Des Moines (Iowa)","Fort Devens (Mass.)","Camp Polk (La.)","Norfolk (Va.)","Oran (Algeria)","Caserta (Italy)","Dijon (France)","Fort Bragg (N.C.)"],"creator_ssm":["Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007"],"creator_ssim":["Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007"],"creators_ssim":["Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007"],"places_ssim":["Fort Des Moines (Iowa)","Fort Devens (Mass.)","Camp Polk (La.)","Norfolk (Va.)","Oran (Algeria)","Caserta (Italy)","Dijon (France)","Fort Bragg (N.C.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Helen E. Walsh","Donated"],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy--Arno River Valley","World War, 1939-1945","United States--Armed Forces--Uniforms","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Algeria","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Africa, North"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy--Arno River Valley","World War, 1939-1945","United States--Armed Forces--Uniforms","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Algeria","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Africa, North"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.5 boxes Gen Coll: [1] Full Box; PH Coll: (1) 1/2 box; AT Coll: [2] Full Boxes; Oversize\nUniform Box 1; Gen Coll: Oversize Box 5; Uniform Rack 2"],"extent_tesim":["2.5 boxes Gen Coll: [1] Full Box; PH Coll: (1) 1/2 box; AT Coll: [2] Full Boxes; Oversize\nUniform Box 1; Gen Coll: Oversize Box 5; Uniform Rack 2"],"date_range_isim":[1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHelen Elizabeth Walsh was born August 10, 1914, in McGregor, Iowa. She was the youngest of five children and walked six miles to school every day in the countryside when she was a kid. She graduated high school as valedictorian in 1934 and went to Midland Linotype School in Charles City, Iowa. She worked as a linotype operator in Morning Sun, Iowa; Floyd, Iowa; and eventually in Fernandina, Florida.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOn September 26, 1942, at the age of twenty-eight, Walsh was one of the first women to enlist in the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps at Camp Blanding, Florida. She went to basic training in Des Moines, Iowa, on October 13, 1942. She served in the 8th Company, 2nd Battalion, \"Pee Wee\" Platoon. Prior to her overseas service, Walsh was stationed in Norfolk, Virginia, performing radar communications work for the Norfolk Virginia Air Corps from November 11, 1942, to March 22, 1943. She was stationed at Camp Polk, Louisiana, for training from March 22, 1943, to May 25, 1943. She completed training at Fort Devens, Massachusetts, from May 25, 1943, until August 1943.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWalsh shipped out to Oran, Algeria, North Africa, on August 12, 1943. She served in Oran from September 1943 to July 1944. She first served in the air corps as a Technician 5th Class. Her role in the Women's Army Corps was as an artificer; she had her own workshop and fixed things like water works, irons, broken mirrors, etc. She had four young Algerian boys working in her workshop to keep it clean, and she lived in a tent with three other WACs. From July 1944 to November 1944, Walsh served in Caserta, Italy, as an artificer. She was promoted to Technician 4th class on October 23, 1944. In November 1944, she was stationed in Dijon, France, and was promoted to Sergeant in December 1944.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn May 1945, Walsh shipped to Charleston, South Carolina, on the Army Hospital Ship Algonquin. She had debilitating pain in her jaw from numerous cysts. She received an Honorable Medical Discharge from the Army at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, on October 3, 1945. During World War II, Walsh provided war products and communications services to the front lines in Algeria, Italy, and France. She earned three major battle stars for her service close to the front lines in three major battle areas of the European Theater, including Rome-Arno, North Apennines, and Rhineland.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAfter World War II, Walsh created scrapbooks containing extensive information about her personal WAC experiences; photographs from her time overseas; and newspaper clippings about herself, other WACs, and the war in general. She continued her work as a linotype operator for newspapers in Iowa, Minnesota, and Florida, before developing her own successful business in real estate property management when she settled in Decatur, Georgia. She was a member of the Atlanta World War II Roundtable and Avondale American Legion Post 66 and was involved in the National Association of Women Veterans. Walsh died in Decatur, Georgia, on December 24, 2007, at the age of 93.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Helen Elizabeth Walsh was born August 10, 1914, in McGregor, Iowa. She was the youngest of five children and walked six miles to school every day in the countryside when she was a kid. She graduated high school as valedictorian in 1934 and went to Midland Linotype School in Charles City, Iowa. She worked as a linotype operator in Morning Sun, Iowa; Floyd, Iowa; and eventually in Fernandina, Florida.\n On September 26, 1942, at the age of twenty-eight, Walsh was one of the first women to enlist in the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps at Camp Blanding, Florida. She went to basic training in Des Moines, Iowa, on October 13, 1942. She served in the 8th Company, 2nd Battalion, \"Pee Wee\" Platoon. Prior to her overseas service, Walsh was stationed in Norfolk, Virginia, performing radar communications work for the Norfolk Virginia Air Corps from November 11, 1942, to March 22, 1943. She was stationed at Camp Polk, Louisiana, for training from March 22, 1943, to May 25, 1943. She completed training at Fort Devens, Massachusetts, from May 25, 1943, until August 1943.\n Walsh shipped out to Oran, Algeria, North Africa, on August 12, 1943. She served in Oran from September 1943 to July 1944. She first served in the air corps as a Technician 5th Class. Her role in the Women's Army Corps was as an artificer; she had her own workshop and fixed things like water works, irons, broken mirrors, etc. She had four young Algerian boys working in her workshop to keep it clean, and she lived in a tent with three other WACs. From July 1944 to November 1944, Walsh served in Caserta, Italy, as an artificer. She was promoted to Technician 4th class on October 23, 1944. In November 1944, she was stationed in Dijon, France, and was promoted to Sergeant in December 1944.\n In May 1945, Walsh shipped to Charleston, South Carolina, on the Army Hospital Ship Algonquin. She had debilitating pain in her jaw from numerous cysts. She received an Honorable Medical Discharge from the Army at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, on October 3, 1945. During World War II, Walsh provided war products and communications services to the front lines in Algeria, Italy, and France. She earned three major battle stars for her service close to the front lines in three major battle areas of the European Theater, including Rome-Arno, North Apennines, and Rhineland.\n After World War II, Walsh created scrapbooks containing extensive information about her personal WAC experiences; photographs from her time overseas; and newspaper clippings about herself, other WACs, and the war in general. She continued her work as a linotype operator for newspapers in Iowa, Minnesota, and Florida, before developing her own successful business in real estate property management when she settled in Decatur, Georgia. She was a member of the Atlanta World War II Roundtable and Avondale American Legion Post 66 and was involved in the National Association of Women Veterans. Walsh died in Decatur, Georgia, on December 24, 2007, at the age of 93."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Helen E. Walsh Collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_04_0174\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_04_0174\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Helen E. Walsh Collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_04_0174 ."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed February 2017; Updated June 2020\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed February 2017; Updated June 2020"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHelen E. Walsh served in the Women's Army Corps from September 1942 to October 1945. She served as an artificer in Oran, Algeria, North Africa; Caserta, Italy; and Dijon, France. She earned three major battle stars for her service close to the front lines in three major battle areas of the European Theater, including Rome-Arno, North Apennines, and Rhineland. She was a Sergeant Major when she received an honorable medical discharge. Walsh remained active in the National Association of Women's Veterans, and kept extensive scrapbooks about her own service in the WAC, and of World War II in general.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe collection contains 1 box of documents and clippings about Walsh during and after her Army service, 1/2 box of photographs Walsh took while serving overseas, 2 artifact boxes containing Walsh's Army equipment and items she collected overseas, and 4 Women's Army Corps uniform pieces.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Helen E. Walsh served in the Women's Army Corps from September 1942 to October 1945. She served as an artificer in Oran, Algeria, North Africa; Caserta, Italy; and Dijon, France. She earned three major battle stars for her service close to the front lines in three major battle areas of the European Theater, including Rome-Arno, North Apennines, and Rhineland. She was a Sergeant Major when she received an honorable medical discharge. Walsh remained active in the National Association of Women's Veterans, and kept extensive scrapbooks about her own service in the WAC, and of World War II in general.\n The collection contains 1 box of documents and clippings about Walsh during and after her Army service, 1/2 box of photographs Walsh took while serving overseas, 2 artifact boxes containing Walsh's Army equipment and items she collected overseas, and 4 Women's Army Corps uniform pieces."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_coll_ssim":["Camp Blanding (Fla.)","United States. Army. Women's Army Corps"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Camp Blanding (Fla.)","United States. Army. Women's Army Corps","Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Camp Blanding (Fla.)","United States. Army. Women's Army Corps"],"persname_ssim":["Walsh, Helen E. , 1914-2007"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":65,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870856701273440256,"_root_":"36fec5a8e863fc66e43f7e67","timestamp":"2026-07-16T07:46:25.679Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/36fec5a8e863fc66e43f7e67"}},{"id":"9eb2373cb4eb6464b6035d61","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Helen Ferris Port Everglades Collection, 1920-2001, bulk 1961-1997","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/9eb2373cb4eb6464b6035d61#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection documents the civic, political, and environmental activism of Helen Ferris, a long-time Fort Lauderdale resident and noted watchdog of Port Everglades. Materials reflect Ferris's extensive engagement with issues of public governance, environmental stewardship, and community advocacy from the mid 1970s through the early 2000s. Much of the collection highlights industrial activities and development projects proposed or undertaken at Port Everglades during this period, including a wastewater treatment plant, sludge plant, waste incinerator facility, asphalt plant, scrap metal recycling plant, and a proposed pipeline across Central Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/9eb2373cb4eb6464b6035d61#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"9eb2373cb4eb6464b6035d61","title_filing_ssi":"Ferris, Helen Port Everglades Collection","title_ssm":["Helen Ferris Port Everglades Collection"],"title_tesim":["Helen Ferris Port Everglades Collection"],"ead_ssi":"9eb2373cb4eb6464b6035d61","unitdate_ssm":["1920-2001, bulk 1961-1997"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1920-2001, bulk 1961-1997"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["BCHA.1997.7","/repositories/4/resources/499"],"text":["BCHA.1997.7","/repositories/4/resources/499","Helen Ferris Port Everglades Collection, 1920-2001, bulk 1961-1997","Port Everglades (Fort Lauderdale, Fla.)","Environmental protection","Collection is open for research.","Helen Ferris (1919–2012) was a civic, political, and environmental activist who grew up in Quincy, Massachusetts. During World War II, she worked for Bethlehem Steel, where she helped organize a union and became the company's first female shop steward. During the war, she advocated for equal pay for women and improved working conditions at the Fall River Shipyard.","After moving with her husband to South Florida in 1954, Ferris operated a day care center and later worked in a flower shop. At the age of 55, she earned a high school equivalency degree. In her spare time, she often went crabbing at Port Everglades, which was just around the corner from her home. After attending her first conchology show in Fort Lauderdale in 1970, she discovered a new hobby: creating shell flowers from Florida and Caribbean shells. Ferris's work went on to win five awards from the Broward Shell Club and was displayed at the Parker Playhouse. This proximity to the port sparked her curiosity, leading her to investigate activities there not long after settling in Fort Lauderdale.","For more than two decades, Ferris actively participated in public meetings at Port Everglades, denouncing misuse of public funds, corruption, ethics violations, governance issues, and environmental impacts associated with port operations. She was recognized as a fierce port watcher by commissioners and fellow activists in Broward County, eventually earning the title of \"Port Gadfly\" for her persistence in questioning the governance of the Port Everglades Authority.","Notably, she uncovered evidence that board members had used public money to buy themselves diamond and gold rings. She also fought against medical waste incinerators, monitored election law violations, and led a community revolt when the Port Authority attempted to approve a sludge treatment plant and later a scrap metal operation. Ferris played a key role in the abolishment of the independent Port Everglades Authority following a local referendum in 1992, which transferred administration of the port to Broward County in November 1994. ","Her involvement was fueled by a lifelong fascination with the nautical world and a commitment to protecting endangered species, including manatees and other aquatic wildlife. In 1979, after successfully advocating for the creation of an environmental department at the port, she served on its first environmental board.","Ferris was also active in the Harbordale-Portside Civic Association and the Citizens for Action Committee. In 1995, she was inducted into Broward County's Women's Hall of Fame for her significant contributions to society and to the advancement of women. Upon her death in 2012, she left a trust of approximately $400,000 to the Salvation Army to support efforts to combat poverty in Broward County.","This collection received file level processing by Frederic Santerre in April 2026. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.","The collection documents the civic, political, and environmental activism of Helen Ferris, a long-time Fort Lauderdale resident and noted watchdog of Port Everglades. Materials reflect Ferris's extensive engagement with issues of public governance, environmental stewardship, and community advocacy from the mid 1970s through the early 2000s. Much of the collection highlights industrial activities and development projects proposed or undertaken at Port Everglades during this period, including a wastewater treatment plant, sludge plant, waste incinerator facility, asphalt plant, scrap metal recycling plant, and a proposed pipeline across Central Florida.","The collection also reveals ethical concerns and illegal activities involving port commissioners over two decades. Materials document Ferris's role in mobilizing community opposition to certain port initiatives and her leadership in the successful campaign to abolish the independent Port Everglades Authority, which resulted in Broward County assuming responsibility for the port's administration.","Additional records illustrate her participation in environmental initiatives, including the establishment of the port's first environmental board in 1979, as well as her involvement in the Harbordale-Portside Civic Association, the Citizens for Action Committee, and other local advocacy groups. Other materials reflect her broader interests in marine life, endangered species protection, and community welfare.","Overall, the collection provides insight into grassroots activism in Broward County, the governance and development of Port Everglades, and the contributions of a prominent local female activist who was inducted into Broward County's Women's Hall of Fame in 1995.","The collection is arranged into seven series: 1. Port Everglades; 2. Activism and engagement; 3. Correspondence; 4. Newspapers clippings; 5. Publications; 6. Plaques and objects; 7. Audiovisual materials.","The Port Everglades Series contains documents related to activities at Port Everglades between 1971 and 2000. Materials include foundational documents such as charters, regulations, agreements, leases, plans, and reports, as well as meeting records, memorandums, legal documents, blueprints, pamphlets, promotional materials, and manuscript notes by Helen Ferris.","The Activism and Engagement Series documents environmental (oil, pipeline, soil and water pollution, animal protection), political (governance, ethic, corruption), and social issues (child care, prostitution, infrastructures, civic involvement) in which Helen Ferris took an active role at Port Everglades and within her surrounding community.","The Correspondence Series includes correspondence to and from Helen Ferris; Port Everglades commissioners, directors, and representatives; government officials (federal, state, and local); citizens; organizations; associations; institutions; and interest groups.\nThe Newspaper Clippings Series includes newspaper clippings mostly related to Port Everglades and environmental issues.","The Publications Series includes publications mostly related to port activities in Florida such as magazines, newsletters, books, guides and handbooks.","The Plaques and Objects series includes plaques and personal realia related to Helen Ferris.","The audiovisual materials series includes two video recordings involving Helen Ferris, one discussing Port Everglades Recycling  Industries and its connections to Quebec and the other about burglaries at Ferris' residence.","Access to collections in the Broward County Library Special Collections is not authorization to publish. Copyright of some items in this collection may be held by respective creators, not by the donor of the collection or the Broward County Library."," Broward County Historical Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["BCHA.1997.7","/repositories/4/resources/499"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1920-2001, bulk 1961-1997"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Helen Ferris Port Everglades Collection, 1920-2001, bulk 1961-1997"],"collection_title_tesim":["Helen Ferris Port Everglades Collection, 1920-2001, bulk 1961-1997"],"collection_ssim":["Helen Ferris Port Everglades Collection, 1920-2001, bulk 1961-1997"],"repository_ssm":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Port Everglades (Fort Lauderdale, Fla.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Port Everglades (Fort Lauderdale, Fla.)"],"places_ssim":["Port Everglades (Fort Lauderdale, Fla.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Access to collections in the Broward County Library Special Collections is not authorization to publish. Copyright of some items in this collection may be held by respective creators, not by the donor of the collection or the Broward County Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Helen Ferris donated materials to the Broward County Historical Commission in 1995 (Accession BCHA-1995.14).She donated an accrual on April 8, 1997 (Accession BCHA-1997.7), and at later dates."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Environmental protection"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Environmental protection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["36 Boxes"],"extent_tesim":["36 Boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHelen Ferris (1919\u0026#x2013;2012) was a civic, political, and environmental activist who grew up in Quincy, Massachusetts. During World War II, she worked for Bethlehem Steel, where she helped organize a union and became the company's first female shop steward. During the war, she advocated for equal pay for women and improved working conditions at the Fall River Shipyard.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter moving with her husband to South Florida in 1954, Ferris operated a day care center and later worked in a flower shop. At the age of 55, she earned a high school equivalency degree. In her spare time, she often went crabbing at Port Everglades, which was just around the corner from her home. After attending her first conchology show in Fort Lauderdale in 1970, she discovered a new hobby: creating shell flowers from Florida and Caribbean shells. Ferris's work went on to win five awards from the Broward Shell Club and was displayed at the Parker Playhouse. This proximity to the port sparked her curiosity, leading her to investigate activities there not long after settling in Fort Lauderdale.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor more than two decades, Ferris actively participated in public meetings at Port Everglades, denouncing misuse of public funds, corruption, ethics violations, governance issues, and environmental impacts associated with port operations. She was recognized as a fierce port watcher by commissioners and fellow activists in Broward County, eventually earning the title of \"Port Gadfly\" for her persistence in questioning the governance of the Port Everglades Authority.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNotably, she uncovered evidence that board members had used public money to buy themselves diamond and gold rings. She also fought against medical waste incinerators, monitored election law violations, and led a community revolt when the Port Authority attempted to approve a sludge treatment plant and later a scrap metal operation. Ferris played a key role in the abolishment of the independent Port Everglades Authority following a local referendum in 1992, which transferred administration of the port to Broward County in November 1994. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHer involvement was fueled by a lifelong fascination with the nautical world and a commitment to protecting endangered species, including manatees and other aquatic wildlife. In 1979, after successfully advocating for the creation of an environmental department at the port, she served on its first environmental board.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFerris was also active in the Harbordale-Portside Civic Association and the Citizens for Action Committee. In 1995, she was inducted into Broward County's Women's Hall of Fame for her significant contributions to society and to the advancement of women. Upon her death in 2012, she left a trust of approximately $400,000 to the Salvation Army to support efforts to combat poverty in Broward County.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Helen Ferris (1919–2012) was a civic, political, and environmental activist who grew up in Quincy, Massachusetts. During World War II, she worked for Bethlehem Steel, where she helped organize a union and became the company's first female shop steward. During the war, she advocated for equal pay for women and improved working conditions at the Fall River Shipyard.","After moving with her husband to South Florida in 1954, Ferris operated a day care center and later worked in a flower shop. At the age of 55, she earned a high school equivalency degree. In her spare time, she often went crabbing at Port Everglades, which was just around the corner from her home. After attending her first conchology show in Fort Lauderdale in 1970, she discovered a new hobby: creating shell flowers from Florida and Caribbean shells. Ferris's work went on to win five awards from the Broward Shell Club and was displayed at the Parker Playhouse. This proximity to the port sparked her curiosity, leading her to investigate activities there not long after settling in Fort Lauderdale.","For more than two decades, Ferris actively participated in public meetings at Port Everglades, denouncing misuse of public funds, corruption, ethics violations, governance issues, and environmental impacts associated with port operations. She was recognized as a fierce port watcher by commissioners and fellow activists in Broward County, eventually earning the title of \"Port Gadfly\" for her persistence in questioning the governance of the Port Everglades Authority.","Notably, she uncovered evidence that board members had used public money to buy themselves diamond and gold rings. She also fought against medical waste incinerators, monitored election law violations, and led a community revolt when the Port Authority attempted to approve a sludge treatment plant and later a scrap metal operation. Ferris played a key role in the abolishment of the independent Port Everglades Authority following a local referendum in 1992, which transferred administration of the port to Broward County in November 1994. ","Her involvement was fueled by a lifelong fascination with the nautical world and a commitment to protecting endangered species, including manatees and other aquatic wildlife. In 1979, after successfully advocating for the creation of an environmental department at the port, she served on its first environmental board.","Ferris was also active in the Harbordale-Portside Civic Association and the Citizens for Action Committee. In 1995, she was inducted into Broward County's Women's Hall of Fame for her significant contributions to society and to the advancement of women. Upon her death in 2012, she left a trust of approximately $400,000 to the Salvation Army to support efforts to combat poverty in Broward County."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHelen Ferris Port Everglades Collection, Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Helen Ferris Port Everglades Collection, Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection received file level processing by Frederic Santerre in April 2026. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection received file level processing by Frederic Santerre in April 2026. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection documents the civic, political, and environmental activism of Helen Ferris, a long-time Fort Lauderdale resident and noted watchdog of Port Everglades. Materials reflect Ferris's extensive engagement with issues of public governance, environmental stewardship, and community advocacy from the mid 1970s through the early 2000s. Much of the collection highlights industrial activities and development projects proposed or undertaken at Port Everglades during this period, including a wastewater treatment plant, sludge plant, waste incinerator facility, asphalt plant, scrap metal recycling plant, and a proposed pipeline across Central Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also reveals ethical concerns and illegal activities involving port commissioners over two decades. Materials document Ferris's role in mobilizing community opposition to certain port initiatives and her leadership in the successful campaign to abolish the independent Port Everglades Authority, which resulted in Broward County assuming responsibility for the port's administration.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional records illustrate her participation in environmental initiatives, including the establishment of the port's first environmental board in 1979, as well as her involvement in the Harbordale-Portside Civic Association, the Citizens for Action Committee, and other local advocacy groups. Other materials reflect her broader interests in marine life, endangered species protection, and community welfare.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOverall, the collection provides insight into grassroots activism in Broward County, the governance and development of Port Everglades, and the contributions of a prominent local female activist who was inducted into Broward County's Women's Hall of Fame in 1995.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into seven series: 1. Port Everglades; 2. Activism and engagement; 3. Correspondence; 4. Newspapers clippings; 5. Publications; 6. Plaques and objects; 7. Audiovisual materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Port Everglades Series contains documents related to activities at Port Everglades between 1971 and 2000. Materials include foundational documents such as charters, regulations, agreements, leases, plans, and reports, as well as meeting records, memorandums, legal documents, blueprints, pamphlets, promotional materials, and manuscript notes by Helen Ferris.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Activism and Engagement Series documents environmental (oil, pipeline, soil and water pollution, animal protection), political (governance, ethic, corruption), and social issues (child care, prostitution, infrastructures, civic involvement) in which Helen Ferris took an active role at Port Everglades and within her surrounding community.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Correspondence Series includes correspondence to and from Helen Ferris; Port Everglades commissioners, directors, and representatives; government officials (federal, state, and local); citizens; organizations; associations; institutions; and interest groups.\nThe Newspaper Clippings Series includes newspaper clippings mostly related to Port Everglades and environmental issues.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Publications Series includes publications mostly related to port activities in Florida such as magazines, newsletters, books, guides and handbooks.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Plaques and Objects series includes plaques and personal realia related to Helen Ferris.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe audiovisual materials series includes two video recordings involving Helen Ferris, one discussing Port Everglades Recycling  Industries and its connections to Quebec and the other about burglaries at Ferris' residence.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection documents the civic, political, and environmental activism of Helen Ferris, a long-time Fort Lauderdale resident and noted watchdog of Port Everglades. Materials reflect Ferris's extensive engagement with issues of public governance, environmental stewardship, and community advocacy from the mid 1970s through the early 2000s. Much of the collection highlights industrial activities and development projects proposed or undertaken at Port Everglades during this period, including a wastewater treatment plant, sludge plant, waste incinerator facility, asphalt plant, scrap metal recycling plant, and a proposed pipeline across Central Florida.","The collection also reveals ethical concerns and illegal activities involving port commissioners over two decades. Materials document Ferris's role in mobilizing community opposition to certain port initiatives and her leadership in the successful campaign to abolish the independent Port Everglades Authority, which resulted in Broward County assuming responsibility for the port's administration.","Additional records illustrate her participation in environmental initiatives, including the establishment of the port's first environmental board in 1979, as well as her involvement in the Harbordale-Portside Civic Association, the Citizens for Action Committee, and other local advocacy groups. Other materials reflect her broader interests in marine life, endangered species protection, and community welfare.","Overall, the collection provides insight into grassroots activism in Broward County, the governance and development of Port Everglades, and the contributions of a prominent local female activist who was inducted into Broward County's Women's Hall of Fame in 1995.","The collection is arranged into seven series: 1. Port Everglades; 2. Activism and engagement; 3. Correspondence; 4. Newspapers clippings; 5. Publications; 6. Plaques and objects; 7. Audiovisual materials.","The Port Everglades Series contains documents related to activities at Port Everglades between 1971 and 2000. Materials include foundational documents such as charters, regulations, agreements, leases, plans, and reports, as well as meeting records, memorandums, legal documents, blueprints, pamphlets, promotional materials, and manuscript notes by Helen Ferris.","The Activism and Engagement Series documents environmental (oil, pipeline, soil and water pollution, animal protection), political (governance, ethic, corruption), and social issues (child care, prostitution, infrastructures, civic involvement) in which Helen Ferris took an active role at Port Everglades and within her surrounding community.","The Correspondence Series includes correspondence to and from Helen Ferris; Port Everglades commissioners, directors, and representatives; government officials (federal, state, and local); citizens; organizations; associations; institutions; and interest groups.\nThe Newspaper Clippings Series includes newspaper clippings mostly related to Port Everglades and environmental issues.","The Publications Series includes publications mostly related to port activities in Florida such as magazines, newsletters, books, guides and handbooks.","The Plaques and Objects series includes plaques and personal realia related to Helen Ferris.","The audiovisual materials series includes two video recordings involving Helen Ferris, one discussing Port Everglades Recycling  Industries and its connections to Quebec and the other about burglaries at Ferris' residence."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccess to collections in the Broward County Library Special Collections is not authorization to publish. Copyright of some items in this collection may be held by respective creators, not by the donor of the collection or the Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Access to collections in the Broward County Library Special Collections is not authorization to publish. Copyright of some items in this collection may be held by respective creators, not by the donor of the collection or the Broward County Library."],"names_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives"],"corpname_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":337,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1876457693888118784,"_root_":"9eb2373cb4eb6464b6035d61","timestamp":"2026-09-16T03:31:48.480Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"9eb2373cb4eb6464b6035d61","title_filing_ssi":"Ferris, Helen Port Everglades Collection","title_ssm":["Helen Ferris Port Everglades Collection"],"title_tesim":["Helen Ferris Port Everglades Collection"],"ead_ssi":"9eb2373cb4eb6464b6035d61","unitdate_ssm":["1920-2001, bulk 1961-1997"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1920-2001, bulk 1961-1997"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["BCHA.1997.7","/repositories/4/resources/499"],"text":["BCHA.1997.7","/repositories/4/resources/499","Helen Ferris Port Everglades Collection, 1920-2001, bulk 1961-1997","Port Everglades (Fort Lauderdale, Fla.)","Environmental protection","Collection is open for research.","Helen Ferris (1919–2012) was a civic, political, and environmental activist who grew up in Quincy, Massachusetts. During World War II, she worked for Bethlehem Steel, where she helped organize a union and became the company's first female shop steward. During the war, she advocated for equal pay for women and improved working conditions at the Fall River Shipyard.","After moving with her husband to South Florida in 1954, Ferris operated a day care center and later worked in a flower shop. At the age of 55, she earned a high school equivalency degree. In her spare time, she often went crabbing at Port Everglades, which was just around the corner from her home. After attending her first conchology show in Fort Lauderdale in 1970, she discovered a new hobby: creating shell flowers from Florida and Caribbean shells. Ferris's work went on to win five awards from the Broward Shell Club and was displayed at the Parker Playhouse. This proximity to the port sparked her curiosity, leading her to investigate activities there not long after settling in Fort Lauderdale.","For more than two decades, Ferris actively participated in public meetings at Port Everglades, denouncing misuse of public funds, corruption, ethics violations, governance issues, and environmental impacts associated with port operations. She was recognized as a fierce port watcher by commissioners and fellow activists in Broward County, eventually earning the title of \"Port Gadfly\" for her persistence in questioning the governance of the Port Everglades Authority.","Notably, she uncovered evidence that board members had used public money to buy themselves diamond and gold rings. She also fought against medical waste incinerators, monitored election law violations, and led a community revolt when the Port Authority attempted to approve a sludge treatment plant and later a scrap metal operation. Ferris played a key role in the abolishment of the independent Port Everglades Authority following a local referendum in 1992, which transferred administration of the port to Broward County in November 1994. ","Her involvement was fueled by a lifelong fascination with the nautical world and a commitment to protecting endangered species, including manatees and other aquatic wildlife. In 1979, after successfully advocating for the creation of an environmental department at the port, she served on its first environmental board.","Ferris was also active in the Harbordale-Portside Civic Association and the Citizens for Action Committee. In 1995, she was inducted into Broward County's Women's Hall of Fame for her significant contributions to society and to the advancement of women. Upon her death in 2012, she left a trust of approximately $400,000 to the Salvation Army to support efforts to combat poverty in Broward County.","This collection received file level processing by Frederic Santerre in April 2026. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.","The collection documents the civic, political, and environmental activism of Helen Ferris, a long-time Fort Lauderdale resident and noted watchdog of Port Everglades. Materials reflect Ferris's extensive engagement with issues of public governance, environmental stewardship, and community advocacy from the mid 1970s through the early 2000s. Much of the collection highlights industrial activities and development projects proposed or undertaken at Port Everglades during this period, including a wastewater treatment plant, sludge plant, waste incinerator facility, asphalt plant, scrap metal recycling plant, and a proposed pipeline across Central Florida.","The collection also reveals ethical concerns and illegal activities involving port commissioners over two decades. Materials document Ferris's role in mobilizing community opposition to certain port initiatives and her leadership in the successful campaign to abolish the independent Port Everglades Authority, which resulted in Broward County assuming responsibility for the port's administration.","Additional records illustrate her participation in environmental initiatives, including the establishment of the port's first environmental board in 1979, as well as her involvement in the Harbordale-Portside Civic Association, the Citizens for Action Committee, and other local advocacy groups. Other materials reflect her broader interests in marine life, endangered species protection, and community welfare.","Overall, the collection provides insight into grassroots activism in Broward County, the governance and development of Port Everglades, and the contributions of a prominent local female activist who was inducted into Broward County's Women's Hall of Fame in 1995.","The collection is arranged into seven series: 1. Port Everglades; 2. Activism and engagement; 3. Correspondence; 4. Newspapers clippings; 5. Publications; 6. Plaques and objects; 7. Audiovisual materials.","The Port Everglades Series contains documents related to activities at Port Everglades between 1971 and 2000. Materials include foundational documents such as charters, regulations, agreements, leases, plans, and reports, as well as meeting records, memorandums, legal documents, blueprints, pamphlets, promotional materials, and manuscript notes by Helen Ferris.","The Activism and Engagement Series documents environmental (oil, pipeline, soil and water pollution, animal protection), political (governance, ethic, corruption), and social issues (child care, prostitution, infrastructures, civic involvement) in which Helen Ferris took an active role at Port Everglades and within her surrounding community.","The Correspondence Series includes correspondence to and from Helen Ferris; Port Everglades commissioners, directors, and representatives; government officials (federal, state, and local); citizens; organizations; associations; institutions; and interest groups.\nThe Newspaper Clippings Series includes newspaper clippings mostly related to Port Everglades and environmental issues.","The Publications Series includes publications mostly related to port activities in Florida such as magazines, newsletters, books, guides and handbooks.","The Plaques and Objects series includes plaques and personal realia related to Helen Ferris.","The audiovisual materials series includes two video recordings involving Helen Ferris, one discussing Port Everglades Recycling  Industries and its connections to Quebec and the other about burglaries at Ferris' residence.","Access to collections in the Broward County Library Special Collections is not authorization to publish. Copyright of some items in this collection may be held by respective creators, not by the donor of the collection or the Broward County Library."," Broward County Historical Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["BCHA.1997.7","/repositories/4/resources/499"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1920-2001, bulk 1961-1997"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Helen Ferris Port Everglades Collection, 1920-2001, bulk 1961-1997"],"collection_title_tesim":["Helen Ferris Port Everglades Collection, 1920-2001, bulk 1961-1997"],"collection_ssim":["Helen Ferris Port Everglades Collection, 1920-2001, bulk 1961-1997"],"repository_ssm":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Port Everglades (Fort Lauderdale, Fla.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Port Everglades (Fort Lauderdale, Fla.)"],"places_ssim":["Port Everglades (Fort Lauderdale, Fla.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Access to collections in the Broward County Library Special Collections is not authorization to publish. Copyright of some items in this collection may be held by respective creators, not by the donor of the collection or the Broward County Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Helen Ferris donated materials to the Broward County Historical Commission in 1995 (Accession BCHA-1995.14).She donated an accrual on April 8, 1997 (Accession BCHA-1997.7), and at later dates."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Environmental protection"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Environmental protection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["36 Boxes"],"extent_tesim":["36 Boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHelen Ferris (1919\u0026#x2013;2012) was a civic, political, and environmental activist who grew up in Quincy, Massachusetts. During World War II, she worked for Bethlehem Steel, where she helped organize a union and became the company's first female shop steward. During the war, she advocated for equal pay for women and improved working conditions at the Fall River Shipyard.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter moving with her husband to South Florida in 1954, Ferris operated a day care center and later worked in a flower shop. At the age of 55, she earned a high school equivalency degree. In her spare time, she often went crabbing at Port Everglades, which was just around the corner from her home. After attending her first conchology show in Fort Lauderdale in 1970, she discovered a new hobby: creating shell flowers from Florida and Caribbean shells. Ferris's work went on to win five awards from the Broward Shell Club and was displayed at the Parker Playhouse. This proximity to the port sparked her curiosity, leading her to investigate activities there not long after settling in Fort Lauderdale.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor more than two decades, Ferris actively participated in public meetings at Port Everglades, denouncing misuse of public funds, corruption, ethics violations, governance issues, and environmental impacts associated with port operations. She was recognized as a fierce port watcher by commissioners and fellow activists in Broward County, eventually earning the title of \"Port Gadfly\" for her persistence in questioning the governance of the Port Everglades Authority.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNotably, she uncovered evidence that board members had used public money to buy themselves diamond and gold rings. She also fought against medical waste incinerators, monitored election law violations, and led a community revolt when the Port Authority attempted to approve a sludge treatment plant and later a scrap metal operation. Ferris played a key role in the abolishment of the independent Port Everglades Authority following a local referendum in 1992, which transferred administration of the port to Broward County in November 1994. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHer involvement was fueled by a lifelong fascination with the nautical world and a commitment to protecting endangered species, including manatees and other aquatic wildlife. In 1979, after successfully advocating for the creation of an environmental department at the port, she served on its first environmental board.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFerris was also active in the Harbordale-Portside Civic Association and the Citizens for Action Committee. In 1995, she was inducted into Broward County's Women's Hall of Fame for her significant contributions to society and to the advancement of women. Upon her death in 2012, she left a trust of approximately $400,000 to the Salvation Army to support efforts to combat poverty in Broward County.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Helen Ferris (1919–2012) was a civic, political, and environmental activist who grew up in Quincy, Massachusetts. During World War II, she worked for Bethlehem Steel, where she helped organize a union and became the company's first female shop steward. During the war, she advocated for equal pay for women and improved working conditions at the Fall River Shipyard.","After moving with her husband to South Florida in 1954, Ferris operated a day care center and later worked in a flower shop. At the age of 55, she earned a high school equivalency degree. In her spare time, she often went crabbing at Port Everglades, which was just around the corner from her home. After attending her first conchology show in Fort Lauderdale in 1970, she discovered a new hobby: creating shell flowers from Florida and Caribbean shells. Ferris's work went on to win five awards from the Broward Shell Club and was displayed at the Parker Playhouse. This proximity to the port sparked her curiosity, leading her to investigate activities there not long after settling in Fort Lauderdale.","For more than two decades, Ferris actively participated in public meetings at Port Everglades, denouncing misuse of public funds, corruption, ethics violations, governance issues, and environmental impacts associated with port operations. She was recognized as a fierce port watcher by commissioners and fellow activists in Broward County, eventually earning the title of \"Port Gadfly\" for her persistence in questioning the governance of the Port Everglades Authority.","Notably, she uncovered evidence that board members had used public money to buy themselves diamond and gold rings. She also fought against medical waste incinerators, monitored election law violations, and led a community revolt when the Port Authority attempted to approve a sludge treatment plant and later a scrap metal operation. Ferris played a key role in the abolishment of the independent Port Everglades Authority following a local referendum in 1992, which transferred administration of the port to Broward County in November 1994. ","Her involvement was fueled by a lifelong fascination with the nautical world and a commitment to protecting endangered species, including manatees and other aquatic wildlife. In 1979, after successfully advocating for the creation of an environmental department at the port, she served on its first environmental board.","Ferris was also active in the Harbordale-Portside Civic Association and the Citizens for Action Committee. In 1995, she was inducted into Broward County's Women's Hall of Fame for her significant contributions to society and to the advancement of women. Upon her death in 2012, she left a trust of approximately $400,000 to the Salvation Army to support efforts to combat poverty in Broward County."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHelen Ferris Port Everglades Collection, Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Helen Ferris Port Everglades Collection, Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection received file level processing by Frederic Santerre in April 2026. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection received file level processing by Frederic Santerre in April 2026. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection documents the civic, political, and environmental activism of Helen Ferris, a long-time Fort Lauderdale resident and noted watchdog of Port Everglades. Materials reflect Ferris's extensive engagement with issues of public governance, environmental stewardship, and community advocacy from the mid 1970s through the early 2000s. Much of the collection highlights industrial activities and development projects proposed or undertaken at Port Everglades during this period, including a wastewater treatment plant, sludge plant, waste incinerator facility, asphalt plant, scrap metal recycling plant, and a proposed pipeline across Central Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also reveals ethical concerns and illegal activities involving port commissioners over two decades. Materials document Ferris's role in mobilizing community opposition to certain port initiatives and her leadership in the successful campaign to abolish the independent Port Everglades Authority, which resulted in Broward County assuming responsibility for the port's administration.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional records illustrate her participation in environmental initiatives, including the establishment of the port's first environmental board in 1979, as well as her involvement in the Harbordale-Portside Civic Association, the Citizens for Action Committee, and other local advocacy groups. Other materials reflect her broader interests in marine life, endangered species protection, and community welfare.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOverall, the collection provides insight into grassroots activism in Broward County, the governance and development of Port Everglades, and the contributions of a prominent local female activist who was inducted into Broward County's Women's Hall of Fame in 1995.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into seven series: 1. Port Everglades; 2. Activism and engagement; 3. Correspondence; 4. Newspapers clippings; 5. Publications; 6. Plaques and objects; 7. Audiovisual materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Port Everglades Series contains documents related to activities at Port Everglades between 1971 and 2000. Materials include foundational documents such as charters, regulations, agreements, leases, plans, and reports, as well as meeting records, memorandums, legal documents, blueprints, pamphlets, promotional materials, and manuscript notes by Helen Ferris.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Activism and Engagement Series documents environmental (oil, pipeline, soil and water pollution, animal protection), political (governance, ethic, corruption), and social issues (child care, prostitution, infrastructures, civic involvement) in which Helen Ferris took an active role at Port Everglades and within her surrounding community.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Correspondence Series includes correspondence to and from Helen Ferris; Port Everglades commissioners, directors, and representatives; government officials (federal, state, and local); citizens; organizations; associations; institutions; and interest groups.\nThe Newspaper Clippings Series includes newspaper clippings mostly related to Port Everglades and environmental issues.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Publications Series includes publications mostly related to port activities in Florida such as magazines, newsletters, books, guides and handbooks.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Plaques and Objects series includes plaques and personal realia related to Helen Ferris.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe audiovisual materials series includes two video recordings involving Helen Ferris, one discussing Port Everglades Recycling  Industries and its connections to Quebec and the other about burglaries at Ferris' residence.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection documents the civic, political, and environmental activism of Helen Ferris, a long-time Fort Lauderdale resident and noted watchdog of Port Everglades. Materials reflect Ferris's extensive engagement with issues of public governance, environmental stewardship, and community advocacy from the mid 1970s through the early 2000s. Much of the collection highlights industrial activities and development projects proposed or undertaken at Port Everglades during this period, including a wastewater treatment plant, sludge plant, waste incinerator facility, asphalt plant, scrap metal recycling plant, and a proposed pipeline across Central Florida.","The collection also reveals ethical concerns and illegal activities involving port commissioners over two decades. Materials document Ferris's role in mobilizing community opposition to certain port initiatives and her leadership in the successful campaign to abolish the independent Port Everglades Authority, which resulted in Broward County assuming responsibility for the port's administration.","Additional records illustrate her participation in environmental initiatives, including the establishment of the port's first environmental board in 1979, as well as her involvement in the Harbordale-Portside Civic Association, the Citizens for Action Committee, and other local advocacy groups. Other materials reflect her broader interests in marine life, endangered species protection, and community welfare.","Overall, the collection provides insight into grassroots activism in Broward County, the governance and development of Port Everglades, and the contributions of a prominent local female activist who was inducted into Broward County's Women's Hall of Fame in 1995.","The collection is arranged into seven series: 1. Port Everglades; 2. Activism and engagement; 3. Correspondence; 4. Newspapers clippings; 5. Publications; 6. Plaques and objects; 7. Audiovisual materials.","The Port Everglades Series contains documents related to activities at Port Everglades between 1971 and 2000. Materials include foundational documents such as charters, regulations, agreements, leases, plans, and reports, as well as meeting records, memorandums, legal documents, blueprints, pamphlets, promotional materials, and manuscript notes by Helen Ferris.","The Activism and Engagement Series documents environmental (oil, pipeline, soil and water pollution, animal protection), political (governance, ethic, corruption), and social issues (child care, prostitution, infrastructures, civic involvement) in which Helen Ferris took an active role at Port Everglades and within her surrounding community.","The Correspondence Series includes correspondence to and from Helen Ferris; Port Everglades commissioners, directors, and representatives; government officials (federal, state, and local); citizens; organizations; associations; institutions; and interest groups.\nThe Newspaper Clippings Series includes newspaper clippings mostly related to Port Everglades and environmental issues.","The Publications Series includes publications mostly related to port activities in Florida such as magazines, newsletters, books, guides and handbooks.","The Plaques and Objects series includes plaques and personal realia related to Helen Ferris.","The audiovisual materials series includes two video recordings involving Helen Ferris, one discussing Port Everglades Recycling  Industries and its connections to Quebec and the other about burglaries at Ferris' residence."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccess to collections in the Broward County Library Special Collections is not authorization to publish. Copyright of some items in this collection may be held by respective creators, not by the donor of the collection or the Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Access to collections in the Broward County Library Special Collections is not authorization to publish. Copyright of some items in this collection may be held by respective creators, not by the donor of the collection or the Broward County Library."],"names_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives"],"corpname_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":337,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1876457693888118784,"_root_":"9eb2373cb4eb6464b6035d61","timestamp":"2026-09-16T03:31:48.480Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/9eb2373cb4eb6464b6035d61"}},{"id":"c286db32a0ce7536db367d69","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Helen Gordon Davis collection, 1976-2004, Date acquired: 01/00/1996, bulk 1976-1992","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/c286db32a0ce7536db367d69#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Gordon Davis, Helen (1926-2015)"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/c286db32a0ce7536db367d69#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["A politician, Helen Gordon Davis served in the Florida Legislature from 1974-1992. 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Helen Gordon Davis was also a founding member of the Tampa Centre for Women."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHelen Gordon Davis collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Helen Gordon Davis collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of campaign materials, correspondence, human and women's rights materials, legislative bills, press clippings, photographs, research materials, and speeches from Helen Gordon Davis' public career. The collection also contains a large volume of materials documenting Davis' community activism in the Tampa Bay area, as well as photocopies of several scrapbooks. 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House of Representatives"],"persname_ssim":["Gordon Davis, Helen (1926-2015)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":323,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870863273219325952,"_root_":"c286db32a0ce7536db367d69","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:30:53.173Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/c286db32a0ce7536db367d69"}},{"id":"da0db5231ba5b9ff9e115806","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Helen Kohen Collection, bulk Undated","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/da0db5231ba5b9ff9e115806#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Kohen, Helen L."],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/da0db5231ba5b9ff9e115806#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection involves various artifacts such as audio interviews, newspapers, brochures, and catalogs from various artists, particularly Cuban-American artists. This includes Cesar Trasobares, painter Alfonzo, Mexican abstract painter and architect Fernando Garcia, and Wilfredo Lam.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/da0db5231ba5b9ff9e115806#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"da0db5231ba5b9ff9e115806","title_ssm":["Helen Kohen Collection"],"title_tesim":["Helen Kohen Collection"],"ead_ssi":"da0db5231ba5b9ff9e115806","unitdate_ssm":["Undated"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["Undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SPC6065","/repositories/2/resources/4"],"text":["SPC6065","/repositories/2/resources/4","Helen Kohen Collection, bulk Undated","Cuban American artists","Art critics--United States.","Artists--Florida--Miami--Catalogs.","Cuban American artists -- Interviews","Art--Florida--Miami--Exhibitions","The collection is open for research.","Helen Kohen was born June 4, 1931 and grew up in Brooklyn, New York and graduated from Smith College in Northhampton, MA, in 1953, followed by her move to Miami Beach to start her career in the arts. In 1978, Kohen began a new extension of her career by working as an art critic for the Miami Herald until her retirement in 1995. According to Michele Oka Doner, the Miami Beach artist who did the half-mile A Walk on the Beach installation at the Miami International Airport, \"Helen was the pioneer. She pulled out the rocks and tilled the soil. She made fertile ground so the art world could plant Miami Art Basel, the Wynwood Walls, and become a legendary destination for the aspiring and the acquisitive.\"","The papers of art historian and critic Helen L. are also archived in the Archives of American Art. The collection measures one linear foot and date from 1976 through 1996. They consist primarily of letters, postcards, exhibition announcements and invitations from artists in the Miami area. Also found are eighty-two mini cassette tapes of seventy-four interviews Kohen conducted with art dealers, collectors, contemporary artists, and others in the Miami area as research and background for her newspaper column and other articles (Archives of American Art).","http://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/helen-l-kohen-papers-5418/more","This collection involves various artifacts such as audio interviews, newspapers, brochures, and catalogs from various artists, particularly Cuban-American artists. This includes Cesar Trasobares, painter Alfonzo, Mexican abstract painter and architect Fernando Garcia, and Wilfredo Lam.","Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. 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In 1978, Kohen began a new extension of her career by working as an art critic for the Miami Herald until her retirement in 1995. According to Michele Oka Doner, the Miami Beach artist who did the half-mile A Walk on the Beach installation at the Miami International Airport, \"Helen was the pioneer. She pulled out the rocks and tilled the soil. She made fertile ground so the art world could plant Miami Art Basel, the Wynwood Walls, and become a legendary destination for the aspiring and the acquisitive.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Helen Kohen was born June 4, 1931 and grew up in Brooklyn, New York and graduated from Smith College in Northhampton, MA, in 1953, followed by her move to Miami Beach to start her career in the arts. In 1978, Kohen began a new extension of her career by working as an art critic for the Miami Herald until her retirement in 1995. According to Michele Oka Doner, the Miami Beach artist who did the half-mile A Walk on the Beach installation at the Miami International Airport, \"Helen was the pioneer. She pulled out the rocks and tilled the soil. She made fertile ground so the art world could plant Miami Art Basel, the Wynwood Walls, and become a legendary destination for the aspiring and the acquisitive.\""],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of art historian and critic Helen L. are also archived in the Archives of American Art. The collection measures one linear foot and date from 1976 through 1996. They consist primarily of letters, postcards, exhibition announcements and invitations from artists in the Miami area. Also found are eighty-two mini cassette tapes of seventy-four interviews Kohen conducted with art dealers, collectors, contemporary artists, and others in the Miami area as research and background for her newspaper column and other articles (Archives of American Art).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehttp://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/helen-l-kohen-papers-5418/more\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The papers of art historian and critic Helen L. are also archived in the Archives of American Art. The collection measures one linear foot and date from 1976 through 1996. They consist primarily of letters, postcards, exhibition announcements and invitations from artists in the Miami area. Also found are eighty-two mini cassette tapes of seventy-four interviews Kohen conducted with art dealers, collectors, contemporary artists, and others in the Miami area as research and background for her newspaper column and other articles (Archives of American Art).","http://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/helen-l-kohen-papers-5418/more"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection involves various artifacts such as audio interviews, newspapers, brochures, and catalogs from various artists, particularly Cuban-American artists. This includes Cesar Trasobares, painter Alfonzo, Mexican abstract painter and architect Fernando Garcia, and Wilfredo Lam.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection involves various artifacts such as audio interviews, newspapers, brochures, and catalogs from various artists, particularly Cuban-American artists. This includes Cesar Trasobares, painter Alfonzo, Mexican abstract painter and architect Fernando Garcia, and Wilfredo Lam."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections \u0026amp; University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Rights: In copyright. 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Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general","FIU Special Collections","Kohen, Helen L.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SPC6065","/repositories/2/resources/4"],"normalized_date_ssm":["bulk Undated"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Helen Kohen Collection, bulk Undated"],"collection_title_tesim":["Helen Kohen Collection, bulk Undated"],"collection_ssim":["Helen Kohen Collection, bulk Undated"],"repository_ssm":["FIU Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Kohen, Helen L."],"creator_ssim":["Kohen, Helen L."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Kohen, Helen L."],"creators_ssim":["Kohen, Helen L."],"access_terms_ssm":["Rights: In copyright. 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According to Michele Oka Doner, the Miami Beach artist who did the half-mile A Walk on the Beach installation at the Miami International Airport, \"Helen was the pioneer. She pulled out the rocks and tilled the soil. She made fertile ground so the art world could plant Miami Art Basel, the Wynwood Walls, and become a legendary destination for the aspiring and the acquisitive.\""],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of art historian and critic Helen L. are also archived in the Archives of American Art. The collection measures one linear foot and date from 1976 through 1996. They consist primarily of letters, postcards, exhibition announcements and invitations from artists in the Miami area. 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This includes Cesar Trasobares, painter Alfonzo, Mexican abstract painter and architect Fernando Garcia, and Wilfredo Lam."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections \u0026amp; University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. 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She moved to Fort Lauderdale, Florida in 1926 with her family. She graduated from Ft. Lauderdale High School in 1940, Florida State College for Women in 1944, and Baylor University in 1947. Helen Landers worked as a teacher and principal at Fern Hall School during the 1950s and 1960s in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. In 1990, she was appointed Broward County's second official historian for the Broward County Historical Commission and retired from this position in 2013.","Helen Landers married R. L. Landers and they had two children, Robert and James. She died on September 4, 2016.","The Helen Landers Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.","The Helen Landers Collection contains photographs, newspaper clippings, and multiple editions of the \"Flying L\" newspaper for Fort Lauderdale High School from 1926-1927 and 1938. It includes four photgraphs circa 1946 of Fern Hall School children on the beach, and four panoramic photographs of construction on Brickell Avenue in Fort Lauderdale, Florida."," Broward County Historical Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["BCHA.1991.10","/repositories/4/resources/171"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1926-1990"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Helen Landers Collection, 1926-1990"],"collection_title_tesim":["Helen Landers Collection, 1926-1990"],"collection_ssim":["Helen Landers Collection, 1926-1990"],"repository_ssm":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Fort Lauderdale (Fla.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Fort Lauderdale (Fla.)"],"places_ssim":["Fort Lauderdale (Fla.)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Helen Landers donated the materials to the Broward County Historical Commission on January 8, 1991 (Accession BCHA-1991.10). 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Helen Landers worked as a teacher and principal at Fern Hall School during the 1950s and 1960s in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. In 1990, she was appointed Broward County's second official historian for the Broward County Historical Commission and retired from this position in 2013.","Helen Landers married R. L. Landers and they had two children, Robert and James. She died on September 4, 2016."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHelen Landers Collection (BCHA-1991.10), Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Helen Landers Collection (BCHA-1991.10), Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Helen Landers Collection received container level processing. 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She moved to Fort Lauderdale, Florida in 1926 with her family. She graduated from Ft. Lauderdale High School in 1940, Florida State College for Women in 1944, and Baylor University in 1947. Helen Landers worked as a teacher and principal at Fern Hall School during the 1950s and 1960s in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. In 1990, she was appointed Broward County's second official historian for the Broward County Historical Commission and retired from this position in 2013.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHelen Landers married R. L. Landers and they had two children, Robert and James. She died on September 4, 2016.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Helen Elizabeth Herriott Landers was born in Springfield, Illinois on October 9, 1922. She moved to Fort Lauderdale, Florida in 1926 with her family. She graduated from Ft. Lauderdale High School in 1940, Florida State College for Women in 1944, and Baylor University in 1947. Helen Landers worked as a teacher and principal at Fern Hall School during the 1950s and 1960s in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. In 1990, she was appointed Broward County's second official historian for the Broward County Historical Commission and retired from this position in 2013.","Helen Landers married R. L. Landers and they had two children, Robert and James. She died on September 4, 2016."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHelen Landers Collection (BCHA-1991.10), Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Helen Landers Collection (BCHA-1991.10), Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Helen Landers Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The Helen Landers Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Helen Landers Collection contains photographs, newspaper clippings, and multiple editions of the \"Flying L\" newspaper for Fort Lauderdale High School from 1926-1927 and 1938. It includes four photgraphs circa 1946 of Fern Hall School children on the beach, and four panoramic photographs of construction on Brickell Avenue in Fort Lauderdale, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Helen Landers Collection contains photographs, newspaper clippings, and multiple editions of the \"Flying L\" newspaper for Fort Lauderdale High School from 1926-1927 and 1938. 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