{"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026page=125","prev":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026page=124","next":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026page=126","last":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026page=553"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":125,"next_page":126,"prev_page":124,"total_pages":553,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":1240,"total_count":5526,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"63f85ee1ad3b0ea5b7bd3ffa_aspace_be8eda057741d577200569c8a8909cc1","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Customers at the Von D. Mizell Library, 1976","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/63f85ee1ad3b0ea5b7bd3ffa_aspace_be8eda057741d577200569c8a8909cc1#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_be8eda057741d577200569c8a8909cc1","ref_ssm":["aspace_be8eda057741d577200569c8a8909cc1","aspace_be8eda057741d577200569c8a8909cc1"],"id":"63f85ee1ad3b0ea5b7bd3ffa_aspace_be8eda057741d577200569c8a8909cc1","title_filing_ssi":"Customers at the Von D. Mizell Library","title_ssm":["Customers at the Von D. Mizell Library"],"title_tesim":["Customers at the Von D. Mizell Library"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1976"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1976"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Customers at the Von D. Mizell Library, 1976"],"text":["Customers at the Von D. Mizell Library, 1976","Library-In-Action Collection, Circa 1969-2002","Photographs and Slides, 1976-1999","Photographs","/repositories/2/archival_objects/18648","box 17","folder 8"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["63f85ee1ad3b0ea5b7bd3ffa","63f85ee1ad3b0ea5b7bd3ffa_aspace_21edf81d6f4be3162cc5407ddb0c8c11","63f85ee1ad3b0ea5b7bd3ffa_aspace_9ba575b04d94aeaa7b7c5537309cc82f"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Library-In-Action Collection, Circa 1969-2002","Photographs and Slides, 1976-1999","Photographs"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Library-In-Action Collection, Circa 1969-2002","Photographs and Slides, 1976-1999","Photographs"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/2/archival_objects/18648"],"repository_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Library-In-Action Collection, Circa 1969-2002"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":232,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The Library-In-Action Collection is open for research."],"date_range_isim":[1976],"containers_ssim":["box 17","folder 8"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#0/components#7","_nest_parent_":"63f85ee1ad3b0ea5b7bd3ffa_aspace_9ba575b04d94aeaa7b7c5537309cc82f","_root_":"63f85ee1ad3b0ea5b7bd3ffa","_version_":1876455833356730368,"timestamp":"2026-09-16T03:02:14.138Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"63f85ee1ad3b0ea5b7bd3ffa","title_filing_ssi":"Library-In-Action Collection","title_ssm":["Library-In-Action Collection"],"title_tesim":["Library-In-Action Collection"],"ead_ssi":"63f85ee1ad3b0ea5b7bd3ffa","unitdate_ssm":["Circa 1969-2002"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 1969-2002"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["File","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["AARLCC.2024.4","/repositories/2/resources/356"],"text":["AARLCC.2024.4","/repositories/2/resources/356","Library-In-Action Collection, Circa 1969-2002","Fort Lauderdale (Fla.)","Broward County (Fla.)","Libraries and Black people","Public libraries -- Florida -- Broward County","Literacy","Subsidies","Correspondence","minutes (administrative records)","Photographs","slides (photographs)","Clippings","Proclamations","plaques (flat objects)","Certificates","The Library-In-Action Collection is open for research.","View a selection of digitized materials from the Library-In-Action Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives.","The collection is arranged into 11 series: Series I. Correspondence, Series II. Administrative Files, Series III. Photographs and Slides, Series IV. Programming, Series V. Printed Materials, Series VI. Sistrunk Historical Festival, Series VII. Awards and Proclamations, Series VIII. Objects, Series IX. Langston Hughes Library and Tyrone Bryant Papers, Series X. Art XI. Audio-Visual Materials.","Broward County Library created the Library-in-Action (LIA) initiative to address educational needs and increase access to libraries in historically underserved, primarily minority communities in Broward County. It started in 1975 as the Broward County Library \"Project for the Economically Disadvantaged\" but soon became internationally known as Library-in-Action Project. The project ran until 2002.","The Von D. Mizell Library in the historic Sistrunk neighborhood, which became part of the Broward County Library system in 1974, was the headquarters of Library-In-Action. As a result of LIA-authored grant funding, four additional libraries were opened: Dania Beach Library (Feb. 5, 1979), Collier City Library (1980), Rock Island Library (1980), and Carver Ranches Library (1982). Also in 1980, the Von D. Mizell Library moved to a new building with a larger collection. These five libraries provided youth and adults with free access to books, literacy classes, and tutoring services. They also created tailor-made services and programs based on community input.","Broward County Library's Assistant Director, Samuel Morrison, hired an administrative team to oversee the LIA program: Tyrone Bryant (Director), Janet Hansen (Assistant Director), and Tanya Simons-Oparah (Outreach Services Coordinator). The LIA team earned millions of dollars in grants, trained librarians and staff, and conducted programming. ","From 1977 to 1980, Library-In-Action staff canvassed neighborhoods and offered library resources to the Collier City community before the Collier City Library was built. The LIA's Homework Assistance program bussed children from elementary schools to the Collier City Library, where they received help with their homework and school projects, graduating more than 200 students in its early years. ","The LIA project also involved a Bookmobile and a Footmobile service - where staff went door-to-door promoting libraries and delivering books. Other notable programs included speakers such as Alex Haley (author of \"Roots\") in 1980, Elton Fox, and Tom Feelings. The Black Heritage program educated children on Africa, and an African hut was constructed in the Von D. Mizell Library as part of the programming.","LIA Director Tyrone Bryant coined the name \"Library-In-Action\". Tyrone Bryant (1942-1988) was a graduate of Florida Agriculture and Mechanical University. Prior to his directorship at the Langston Hughes Library he was the director of the Committee for the Corona-East Elmhurst Community Corp, where he began working in 1967. The Committee's activism ultimately formed the Langston Hughes Cultural Center and Library in the Corona neighborhood in New York City. Tyrone Bryant became the first Director of the Langston Hughes Library which opened April 26, 1969 and served the needs of inner-city residents. Bryant moved to Fort Lauderdale in 1975 to become the LIA Director. The many programs conducted during the BCL LIA project originated from Tyrone Byrant's experience with programs at the Langston Hughes Library, such as the Homework Assistance Program. In 1983 Bryant was named Assistant Director of the Broward County Library system in charge of Special Services while also retaining his position as Project Director of LIA. Bryant also served as the chairman of the Sistrunk Historical Festival from 1983 until 1988. He married Claudia Wright in 1986. Tyrone Bryant died on February 24, 1988 at age 45. The Rock Island Library was rededicated in his honor on April 20, 1988 as the Tyrone Bryant Library Branch.","The 1980 Sistrunk Historical Festival saw the dedication of the Von D. Mizell Center which housed the Von D. Mizell Branch Library.","The LIA program collaborated with the City of Fort Lauderdale to create the Sistrunk Historical Festival in 1979, celebrating the county's black pioneers. The festival began as a two-day event to initiate economic redevelopment and held programming on African American culture, and under Bryant's chairmanship grew to a month-long event drawing over 100,000 people by 1988.","This collection received file level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.","Von D. Mizell Library Collection","The Library-In-Action Collection documents the Library-In-Action initiative started by the Broward County Library in 1975 to address literacy and access in underserved communities. The collection also documents the career of Tyrone Bryant from his tenure at the Langston Hughes Library through his directorship at Library-In-Action, as well as the Sistrunk Historical Festival.","Materials in the collection consist of correspondence, budgets, meeting minutes, staff files, grants, reports, photographs, slides, programs, newspaper clippings, newsletters, press releases, certificates, proclamations, audio-visual materials, and objects.","AARLCC Special Collections","Broward County Library","Langston Hughes Community Library and Cultural Center. 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Correspondence, Series II. Administrative Files, Series III. Photographs and Slides, Series IV. Programming, Series V. Printed Materials, Series VI. Sistrunk Historical Festival, Series VII. Awards and Proclamations, Series VIII. Objects, Series IX. Langston Hughes Library and Tyrone Bryant Papers, Series X. Art XI. Audio-Visual Materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into 11 series: Series I. Correspondence, Series II. Administrative Files, Series III. Photographs and Slides, Series IV. Programming, Series V. Printed Materials, Series VI. Sistrunk Historical Festival, Series VII. Awards and Proclamations, Series VIII. Objects, Series IX. Langston Hughes Library and Tyrone Bryant Papers, Series X. Art XI. Audio-Visual Materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBroward County Library created the Library-in-Action (LIA) initiative to address educational needs and increase access to libraries in historically underserved, primarily minority communities in Broward County. It started in 1975 as the Broward County Library \"Project for the Economically Disadvantaged\" but soon became internationally known as Library-in-Action Project. The project ran until 2002.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Von D. Mizell Library in the historic Sistrunk neighborhood, which became part of the Broward County Library system in 1974, was the headquarters of Library-In-Action. As a result of LIA-authored grant funding, four additional libraries were opened: Dania Beach Library (Feb. 5, 1979), Collier City Library (1980), Rock Island Library (1980), and Carver Ranches Library (1982). Also in 1980, the Von D. Mizell Library moved to a new building with a larger collection. These five libraries provided youth and adults with free access to books, literacy classes, and tutoring services. They also created tailor-made services and programs based on community input.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBroward County Library's Assistant Director, Samuel Morrison, hired an administrative team to oversee the LIA program: Tyrone Bryant (Director), Janet Hansen (Assistant Director), and Tanya Simons-Oparah (Outreach Services Coordinator). The LIA team earned millions of dollars in grants, trained librarians and staff, and conducted programming. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1977 to 1980, Library-In-Action staff canvassed neighborhoods and offered library resources to the Collier City community before the Collier City Library was built. The LIA's Homework Assistance program bussed children from elementary schools to the Collier City Library, where they received help with their homework and school projects, graduating more than 200 students in its early years. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe LIA project also involved a Bookmobile and a Footmobile service - where staff went door-to-door promoting libraries and delivering books. Other notable programs included speakers such as Alex Haley (author of \"Roots\") in 1980, Elton Fox, and Tom Feelings. The Black Heritage program educated children on Africa, and an African hut was constructed in the Von D. Mizell Library as part of the programming.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLIA Director Tyrone Bryant coined the name \"Library-In-Action\". Tyrone Bryant (1942-1988) was a graduate of Florida Agriculture and Mechanical University. Prior to his directorship at the Langston Hughes Library he was the director of the Committee for the Corona-East Elmhurst Community Corp, where he began working in 1967. The Committee's activism ultimately formed the Langston Hughes Cultural Center and Library in the Corona neighborhood in New York City. Tyrone Bryant became the first Director of the Langston Hughes Library which opened April 26, 1969 and served the needs of inner-city residents. Bryant moved to Fort Lauderdale in 1975 to become the LIA Director. The many programs conducted during the BCL LIA project originated from Tyrone Byrant's experience with programs at the Langston Hughes Library, such as the Homework Assistance Program. In 1983 Bryant was named Assistant Director of the Broward County Library system in charge of Special Services while also retaining his position as Project Director of LIA. Bryant also served as the chairman of the Sistrunk Historical Festival from 1983 until 1988. He married Claudia Wright in 1986. Tyrone Bryant died on February 24, 1988 at age 45. The Rock Island Library was rededicated in his honor on April 20, 1988 as the Tyrone Bryant Library Branch.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe 1980 Sistrunk Historical Festival saw the dedication of the Von D. Mizell Center which housed the Von D. Mizell Branch Library.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe LIA program collaborated with the City of Fort Lauderdale to create the Sistrunk Historical Festival in 1979, celebrating the county's black pioneers. The festival began as a two-day event to initiate economic redevelopment and held programming on African American culture, and under Bryant's chairmanship grew to a month-long event drawing over 100,000 people by 1988.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Broward County Library created the Library-in-Action (LIA) initiative to address educational needs and increase access to libraries in historically underserved, primarily minority communities in Broward County. It started in 1975 as the Broward County Library \"Project for the Economically Disadvantaged\" but soon became internationally known as Library-in-Action Project. The project ran until 2002.","The Von D. Mizell Library in the historic Sistrunk neighborhood, which became part of the Broward County Library system in 1974, was the headquarters of Library-In-Action. As a result of LIA-authored grant funding, four additional libraries were opened: Dania Beach Library (Feb. 5, 1979), Collier City Library (1980), Rock Island Library (1980), and Carver Ranches Library (1982). Also in 1980, the Von D. Mizell Library moved to a new building with a larger collection. These five libraries provided youth and adults with free access to books, literacy classes, and tutoring services. They also created tailor-made services and programs based on community input.","Broward County Library's Assistant Director, Samuel Morrison, hired an administrative team to oversee the LIA program: Tyrone Bryant (Director), Janet Hansen (Assistant Director), and Tanya Simons-Oparah (Outreach Services Coordinator). The LIA team earned millions of dollars in grants, trained librarians and staff, and conducted programming. ","From 1977 to 1980, Library-In-Action staff canvassed neighborhoods and offered library resources to the Collier City community before the Collier City Library was built. The LIA's Homework Assistance program bussed children from elementary schools to the Collier City Library, where they received help with their homework and school projects, graduating more than 200 students in its early years. ","The LIA project also involved a Bookmobile and a Footmobile service - where staff went door-to-door promoting libraries and delivering books. Other notable programs included speakers such as Alex Haley (author of \"Roots\") in 1980, Elton Fox, and Tom Feelings. The Black Heritage program educated children on Africa, and an African hut was constructed in the Von D. Mizell Library as part of the programming.","LIA Director Tyrone Bryant coined the name \"Library-In-Action\". Tyrone Bryant (1942-1988) was a graduate of Florida Agriculture and Mechanical University. Prior to his directorship at the Langston Hughes Library he was the director of the Committee for the Corona-East Elmhurst Community Corp, where he began working in 1967. The Committee's activism ultimately formed the Langston Hughes Cultural Center and Library in the Corona neighborhood in New York City. Tyrone Bryant became the first Director of the Langston Hughes Library which opened April 26, 1969 and served the needs of inner-city residents. Bryant moved to Fort Lauderdale in 1975 to become the LIA Director. The many programs conducted during the BCL LIA project originated from Tyrone Byrant's experience with programs at the Langston Hughes Library, such as the Homework Assistance Program. In 1983 Bryant was named Assistant Director of the Broward County Library system in charge of Special Services while also retaining his position as Project Director of LIA. Bryant also served as the chairman of the Sistrunk Historical Festival from 1983 until 1988. He married Claudia Wright in 1986. Tyrone Bryant died on February 24, 1988 at age 45. The Rock Island Library was rededicated in his honor on April 20, 1988 as the Tyrone Bryant Library Branch.","The 1980 Sistrunk Historical Festival saw the dedication of the Von D. Mizell Center which housed the Von D. Mizell Branch Library.","The LIA program collaborated with the City of Fort Lauderdale to create the Sistrunk Historical Festival in 1979, celebrating the county's black pioneers. The festival began as a two-day event to initiate economic redevelopment and held programming on African American culture, and under Bryant's chairmanship grew to a month-long event drawing over 100,000 people by 1988."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLibrary-In-Action Collection, African American Research Library and Cultural Center, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Library-In-Action Collection, African American Research Library and Cultural Center, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection received file level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection received file level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://broward.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/185\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eVon D. Mizell Library Collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Von D. Mizell Library Collection"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Library-In-Action Collection documents the Library-In-Action initiative started by the Broward County Library in 1975 to address literacy and access in underserved communities. The collection also documents the career of Tyrone Bryant from his tenure at the Langston Hughes Library through his directorship at Library-In-Action, as well as the Sistrunk Historical Festival.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collection consist of correspondence, budgets, meeting minutes, staff files, grants, reports, photographs, slides, programs, newspaper clippings, newsletters, press releases, certificates, proclamations, audio-visual materials, and objects.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Library-In-Action Collection documents the Library-In-Action initiative started by the Broward County Library in 1975 to address literacy and access in underserved communities. The collection also documents the career of Tyrone Bryant from his tenure at the Langston Hughes Library through his directorship at Library-In-Action, as well as the Sistrunk Historical Festival.","Materials in the collection consist of correspondence, budgets, meeting minutes, staff files, grants, reports, photographs, slides, programs, newspaper clippings, newsletters, press releases, certificates, proclamations, audio-visual materials, and objects."],"names_coll_ssim":["Broward County Library","Langston Hughes Community Library and Cultural Center. Queens Public Library (Corona, N.Y.)","Bryant, Tyrone, 1942-1988"],"names_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections","Broward County Library","Langston Hughes Community Library and Cultural Center. Queens Public Library (Corona, N.Y.)","Bryant, Tyrone, 1942-1988"],"corpname_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections","Broward County Library","Langston Hughes Community Library and Cultural Center. 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The first series includes documents from work conducted at the sanctuary proper, though additional related documents may be found in the subject files. Within series, folders are arranged alphabetically.","Audubon Florida's Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary is a site which had been protected by Audubon wardens since the 1910s.  With no interest from the state in preserving the area, Audubon Florida founded the sanctuary in the mid-1950s.  From an initial 5,000 acres, it was expanded to more than 13,000 acres.  It is especially notable for its bald cypress forest and cypress domes, the only part of the original Fakahatchee cypress strand in the area to be preserved from logging, which commenced in 1944. As part of the Corkscrew watershed, the sanctuary is part of the western Everglades. To save the remaining cypress and vital habitat from destruction, Audubon led an effort to raise money to buy the property. By 1954, 5,680 acres were accumulated, the last virgin cypress forest in the entire world and the most important Wood Stork rookery in the U.S. When offered the property, the state of Florida expressed no interest in the site, so Audubon took ownership. By the 1970s and 80s, development had altered the local landscape and made the sanctuary a much less isolated site. Under the leadership of Executive Director (and longtime Audubon employee) Ed Carlson in the 1980s and 90s, the sanctuary incoroporated more formal education programs, a visitor center, and a boardwalk that provides a scenic tour of parts of the property. These records document the activities of the sanctuary, including habitat studies, research materials, educational records, correspondence, and general management of the site, from invasive species mitigation to controlled burns.","The Audubon Florida Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary Records donation included published book materials that are being processed for inclusion into the collection and will be traced on this record.","This collection consists of organizational papers, scientific data, field notebooks, correspondence, photographs and photographic slides, maps, and clippings.","Maps and publications related to the archival collection are cataloged individually and shelved in the Environment and Natural History Collection. Titles and links to the catalog record are available on this finding aid via the \"Cataloged Books, Publications, and Media\" and \"Cataloged Maps\" series.","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","The Audubon Society Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary records contain materials collecting the history of this sanctuary and the scientific and outreach work conducted on the property and surrounding area. In addition, this collection includes research materials from several National Audubon Society projects, including from the Paul J. 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Titles and links to the catalog record are available on this finding aid via the \"Cataloged Books, Publications, and Media\" and \"Cataloged Maps\" series."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0;The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_bf60a5a83f90c49360b71829ac95b658\"\u003eThe Audubon Society Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary records contain materials collecting the history of this sanctuary and the scientific and outreach work conducted on the property and surrounding area. In addition, this collection includes research materials from several National Audubon Society projects, including from the Paul J. Rainey Wildlife Sanctuary and Platte River.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Audubon Society Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary records contain materials collecting the history of this sanctuary and the scientific and outreach work conducted on the property and surrounding area. In addition, this collection includes research materials from several National Audubon Society projects, including from the Paul J. 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Bill (1930-2013)"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/3633cdfe85084e0f7df08165#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["The C.W. \"Bill\" Young Papers consist of government reports, files, legislation, news articles, photographs, and audio visual clips of Congressman Bill Young's time in office 1960- 2013."],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/3633cdfe85084e0f7df08165#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"3633cdfe85084e0f7df08165","title_ssm":["C. W. \"Bill\" Young papers"],"title_tesim":["C. W. \"Bill\" Young papers"],"ead_ssi":"3633cdfe85084e0f7df08165","unitdate_ssm":["1953-2013","1960-2013","Date acquired: 04/16/2014"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1960-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1953-2013"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 04/16/2014"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-2014-15","/repositories/2/resources/278"],"text":["MS-2014-15","/repositories/2/resources/278","C. W. \"Bill\" Young papers, 1953-2013, Date acquired: 04/16/2014, bulk 1960-2013","St. Petersburg (Fla.) ","Florida","Tampa (Fla.) -- Politics and government","Congressman","The C.W. \"Bill\" Young Papers are arranged by four series. Series 1: Working Papers consists of, appropriation files, oil drilling, defense bills, and environmental reports. Series 2: News Articles and Personal Materials consists of news clippings concerning Bill Young and Florida Legislation, scrapbooks, and schedule books. Series 3: Photographs consists of photographs of political leaders, campaigns, and Bill Young with constituents. This series also contains CD and USB drives with photographs. Series 4: Audio Visual consists of audio in the format of reel, cassette, VHS, and DVD.","Charles William \"Bill\" Young was born on December 16, 1930 and died on October 18, 2013. Bill Young served as a Florida Senator from 1960-1970 and in the United States House of Representatives from 1971-2013. Although a high school dropout, Bill Young was able to climb the political ladder in Florida, becoming one of the longest serving Republican members of congress. Young served on the Committee of Appropriations and on the subcommittee for Defense, Military Construction, Veterans affairs, and Related Agencies. Bill Young was dedicated to the Tampa Bay and St. Petersburg area, supporting legislation for infrastructure and environmental protection. Young married in 1949 to Marian Ford; together they had three children: Terry, Pamela, and Kimber. Young divorced Marian in 1985 and married Beverly Angello in the same year. Beverly had a child from a previous marriage, Robert; however, Bill adopted him early on in their marriage. Bill and Beverly had two more children during the course of their marriage, Billy and Patrick.","Note written by C.W. \"Bill\" Young","Partially Processed","Sam Gibbons Collection","https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/w_bill_young/40043, https://www.congress.gov/member/c-w-young/Y0000319","None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","The C.W. \"Bill\" Young Papers consist of government reports, files, legislation, news articles, photographs, and audio visual clips of Congressman Bill Young's time in office 1960- 2013.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Florida. 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","Florida","Tampa (Fla.) -- Politics and government"],"access_terms_ssm":["None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Beverly Young","Donation"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Congressman"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Congressman"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["201.00 Linear Feet","142 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["201.00 Linear Feet","142 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe C.W. \"Bill\" Young Papers are arranged by four series. 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Series 3: Photographs consists of photographs of political leaders, campaigns, and Bill Young with constituents. This series also contains CD and USB drives with photographs. Series 4: Audio Visual consists of audio in the format of reel, cassette, VHS, and DVD."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCharles William \"Bill\" Young was born on December 16, 1930 and died on October 18, 2013. Bill Young served as a Florida Senator from 1960-1970 and in the United States House of Representatives from 1971-2013. Although a high school dropout, Bill Young was able to climb the political ladder in Florida, becoming one of the longest serving Republican members of congress. Young served on the Committee of Appropriations and on the subcommittee for Defense, Military Construction, Veterans affairs, and Related Agencies. Bill Young was dedicated to the Tampa Bay and St. Petersburg area, supporting legislation for infrastructure and environmental protection. Young married in 1949 to Marian Ford; together they had three children: Terry, Pamela, and Kimber. Young divorced Marian in 1985 and married Beverly Angello in the same year. Beverly had a child from a previous marriage, Robert; however, Bill adopted him early on in their marriage. Bill and Beverly had two more children during the course of their marriage, Billy and Patrick.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by C.W. \"Bill\" Young\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Charles William \"Bill\" Young was born on December 16, 1930 and died on October 18, 2013. Bill Young served as a Florida Senator from 1960-1970 and in the United States House of Representatives from 1971-2013. Although a high school dropout, Bill Young was able to climb the political ladder in Florida, becoming one of the longest serving Republican members of congress. Young served on the Committee of Appropriations and on the subcommittee for Defense, Military Construction, Veterans affairs, and Related Agencies. Bill Young was dedicated to the Tampa Bay and St. Petersburg area, supporting legislation for infrastructure and environmental protection. Young married in 1949 to Marian Ford; together they had three children: Terry, Pamela, and Kimber. Young divorced Marian in 1985 and married Beverly Angello in the same year. Beverly had a child from a previous marriage, Robert; however, Bill adopted him early on in their marriage. Bill and Beverly had two more children during the course of their marriage, Billy and Patrick.","Note written by C.W. \"Bill\" Young"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eC.W. \"Bill\" Young Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["C.W. \"Bill\" Young Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePartially Processed\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Partially Processed"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSam Gibbons Collection\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehttps://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/w_bill_young/40043, https://www.congress.gov/member/c-w-young/Y0000319\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Sam Gibbons Collection","https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/w_bill_young/40043, https://www.congress.gov/member/c-w-young/Y0000319"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0; The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9989c28b0ee3198959892e7adad3721b\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe C.W. \"Bill\" Young Papers consist of government reports, files, legislation, news articles, photographs, and audio visual clips of Congressman Bill Young's time in office 1960- 2013.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The C.W. \"Bill\" Young Papers consist of government reports, files, legislation, news articles, photographs, and audio visual clips of Congressman Bill Young's time in office 1960- 2013."],"names_coll_ssim":["Florida. Legislature. House of Representatives"],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Florida. Legislature. House of Representatives","Young, C. W. Bill (1930-2013)"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Florida. Legislature. House of Representatives"],"persname_ssim":["Young, C. W. Bill (1930-2013)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3510,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870862744557715456,"_root_":"3633cdfe85084e0f7df08165","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:22:28.915Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"3633cdfe85084e0f7df08165","title_ssm":["C. W. \"Bill\" Young papers"],"title_tesim":["C. W. \"Bill\" Young papers"],"ead_ssi":"3633cdfe85084e0f7df08165","unitdate_ssm":["1953-2013","1960-2013","Date acquired: 04/16/2014"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1960-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1953-2013"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 04/16/2014"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-2014-15","/repositories/2/resources/278"],"text":["MS-2014-15","/repositories/2/resources/278","C. W. \"Bill\" Young papers, 1953-2013, Date acquired: 04/16/2014, bulk 1960-2013","St. Petersburg (Fla.) ","Florida","Tampa (Fla.) -- Politics and government","Congressman","The C.W. \"Bill\" Young Papers are arranged by four series. Series 1: Working Papers consists of, appropriation files, oil drilling, defense bills, and environmental reports. Series 2: News Articles and Personal Materials consists of news clippings concerning Bill Young and Florida Legislation, scrapbooks, and schedule books. Series 3: Photographs consists of photographs of political leaders, campaigns, and Bill Young with constituents. This series also contains CD and USB drives with photographs. Series 4: Audio Visual consists of audio in the format of reel, cassette, VHS, and DVD.","Charles William \"Bill\" Young was born on December 16, 1930 and died on October 18, 2013. Bill Young served as a Florida Senator from 1960-1970 and in the United States House of Representatives from 1971-2013. Although a high school dropout, Bill Young was able to climb the political ladder in Florida, becoming one of the longest serving Republican members of congress. Young served on the Committee of Appropriations and on the subcommittee for Defense, Military Construction, Veterans affairs, and Related Agencies. Bill Young was dedicated to the Tampa Bay and St. Petersburg area, supporting legislation for infrastructure and environmental protection. Young married in 1949 to Marian Ford; together they had three children: Terry, Pamela, and Kimber. Young divorced Marian in 1985 and married Beverly Angello in the same year. Beverly had a child from a previous marriage, Robert; however, Bill adopted him early on in their marriage. Bill and Beverly had two more children during the course of their marriage, Billy and Patrick.","Note written by C.W. \"Bill\" Young","Partially Processed","Sam Gibbons Collection","https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/w_bill_young/40043, https://www.congress.gov/member/c-w-young/Y0000319","None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","The C.W. \"Bill\" Young Papers consist of government reports, files, legislation, news articles, photographs, and audio visual clips of Congressman Bill Young's time in office 1960- 2013.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Florida. Legislature. House of Representatives","Young, C. W. Bill (1930-2013)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-2014-15","/repositories/2/resources/278"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1953-2013, Date acquired: 04/16/2014, bulk 1960-2013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["C. W. \"Bill\" Young papers, 1953-2013, Date acquired: 04/16/2014, bulk 1960-2013"],"collection_title_tesim":["C. W. \"Bill\" Young papers, 1953-2013, Date acquired: 04/16/2014, bulk 1960-2013"],"collection_ssim":["C. W. \"Bill\" Young papers, 1953-2013, Date acquired: 04/16/2014, bulk 1960-2013"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["St. Petersburg (Fla.) ","Florida","Tampa (Fla.) -- Politics and government"],"geogname_ssim":["St. Petersburg (Fla.) ","Florida","Tampa (Fla.) -- Politics and government"],"creator_ssm":["Young, C. W. Bill (1930-2013)"],"creator_ssim":["Young, C. W. Bill (1930-2013)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Young, C. W. Bill (1930-2013)"],"creators_ssim":["Young, C. W. Bill (1930-2013)"],"places_ssim":["St. Petersburg (Fla.) ","Florida","Tampa (Fla.) -- Politics and government"],"access_terms_ssm":["None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Beverly Young","Donation"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Congressman"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Congressman"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["201.00 Linear Feet","142 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["201.00 Linear Feet","142 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe C.W. \"Bill\" Young Papers are arranged by four series. Series 1: Working Papers consists of, appropriation files, oil drilling, defense bills, and environmental reports. Series 2: News Articles and Personal Materials consists of news clippings concerning Bill Young and Florida Legislation, scrapbooks, and schedule books. Series 3: Photographs consists of photographs of political leaders, campaigns, and Bill Young with constituents. This series also contains CD and USB drives with photographs. Series 4: Audio Visual consists of audio in the format of reel, cassette, VHS, and DVD.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The C.W. \"Bill\" Young Papers are arranged by four series. Series 1: Working Papers consists of, appropriation files, oil drilling, defense bills, and environmental reports. Series 2: News Articles and Personal Materials consists of news clippings concerning Bill Young and Florida Legislation, scrapbooks, and schedule books. Series 3: Photographs consists of photographs of political leaders, campaigns, and Bill Young with constituents. This series also contains CD and USB drives with photographs. Series 4: Audio Visual consists of audio in the format of reel, cassette, VHS, and DVD."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCharles William \"Bill\" Young was born on December 16, 1930 and died on October 18, 2013. Bill Young served as a Florida Senator from 1960-1970 and in the United States House of Representatives from 1971-2013. Although a high school dropout, Bill Young was able to climb the political ladder in Florida, becoming one of the longest serving Republican members of congress. Young served on the Committee of Appropriations and on the subcommittee for Defense, Military Construction, Veterans affairs, and Related Agencies. Bill Young was dedicated to the Tampa Bay and St. Petersburg area, supporting legislation for infrastructure and environmental protection. Young married in 1949 to Marian Ford; together they had three children: Terry, Pamela, and Kimber. Young divorced Marian in 1985 and married Beverly Angello in the same year. Beverly had a child from a previous marriage, Robert; however, Bill adopted him early on in their marriage. Bill and Beverly had two more children during the course of their marriage, Billy and Patrick.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by C.W. \"Bill\" Young\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Charles William \"Bill\" Young was born on December 16, 1930 and died on October 18, 2013. Bill Young served as a Florida Senator from 1960-1970 and in the United States House of Representatives from 1971-2013. Although a high school dropout, Bill Young was able to climb the political ladder in Florida, becoming one of the longest serving Republican members of congress. Young served on the Committee of Appropriations and on the subcommittee for Defense, Military Construction, Veterans affairs, and Related Agencies. Bill Young was dedicated to the Tampa Bay and St. Petersburg area, supporting legislation for infrastructure and environmental protection. Young married in 1949 to Marian Ford; together they had three children: Terry, Pamela, and Kimber. Young divorced Marian in 1985 and married Beverly Angello in the same year. Beverly had a child from a previous marriage, Robert; however, Bill adopted him early on in their marriage. Bill and Beverly had two more children during the course of their marriage, Billy and Patrick.","Note written by C.W. \"Bill\" Young"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eC.W. \"Bill\" Young Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["C.W. \"Bill\" Young Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePartially Processed\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Partially Processed"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSam Gibbons Collection\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehttps://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/w_bill_young/40043, https://www.congress.gov/member/c-w-young/Y0000319\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Sam Gibbons Collection","https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/w_bill_young/40043, https://www.congress.gov/member/c-w-young/Y0000319"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0; The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9989c28b0ee3198959892e7adad3721b\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe C.W. \"Bill\" Young Papers consist of government reports, files, legislation, news articles, photographs, and audio visual clips of Congressman Bill Young's time in office 1960- 2013.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The C.W. \"Bill\" Young Papers consist of government reports, files, legislation, news articles, photographs, and audio visual clips of Congressman Bill Young's time in office 1960- 2013."],"names_coll_ssim":["Florida. Legislature. House of Representatives"],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Florida. Legislature. House of Representatives","Young, C. W. Bill (1930-2013)"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Florida. Legislature. House of Representatives"],"persname_ssim":["Young, C. W. Bill (1930-2013)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3510,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870862744557715456,"_root_":"3633cdfe85084e0f7df08165","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:22:28.915Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/3633cdfe85084e0f7df08165"}},{"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_54693","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Cycads, 1924-1983","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_54693#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_54693","ref_ssm":["aspace_54693","aspace_54693"],"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_54693","title_filing_ssi":"Cycads","title_ssm":["Cycads"],"title_tesim":["Cycads"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1924-1983"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1924-1983"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cycads, 1924-1983"],"text":["Cycads, 1924-1983","Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Natural History, 1853-1997.","Folder 7","/repositories/4/archival_objects/33820","box 155","folder 7"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_54625"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Natural History, 1853-1997."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Natural History, 1853-1997."],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 7","/repositories/4/archival_objects/33820"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":17,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":3190,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n\n  Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence\n  Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"\n"],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983],"containers_ssim":["box 155","folder 7"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#61","_nest_parent_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_54625","_root_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:53:59.490Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","title_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection"],"title_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection"],"ead_ssi":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","unitdate_ssm":["1754-2014"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1754-2014"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148"],"text":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148","Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Marineland (Fla.)","Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)","The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"","The collection is divided into eight series by type of file.","Michael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004.","Materials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023.","A large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library  Online Catalog .  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling  and the  Henry Nehrling Papers  are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the  Harry P. Leu Gardens . The  Henry Nehrling Collection  and the  Theodore L. Mead Collection  are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the  Smithsonian Institution Archives .","Series I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.","\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.","\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.","\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.","\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.","\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.","\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.","\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder.","Michael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here.","UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society","Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1754-2014"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"collection_title_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"collection_ssim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"creator_ssm":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creator_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creators_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"places_ssim":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Some of these materials were donated to and others were purchased by the University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives from Michael A. Spencer in 2006 (CFM2006_09), 2011 (CFM2011_02), 2012 (CFM2012_10), and 2014 (CFM2014_01)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["130 Linear Feet 259 boxes, 2 flat files"],"extent_tesim":["130 Linear Feet 259 boxes, 2 flat files"],"genreform_ssim":["botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"date_range_isim":[1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBoxes 180-181: Personal correspondence\u003c/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBoxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\""],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into eight series by type of file.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into eight series by type of file."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Materials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library \u003cextref href=\"https://library.ucf.edu\"\u003eOnline Catalog\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08c\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally\u003c/extref\u003e, \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08b\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead\u003c/extref\u003e, \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08a\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling\u003c/extref\u003e and the \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM1999-03\"\u003eHenry Nehrling Papers\u003c/extref\u003e are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the \u003cextref href=\"http://www.leugardens.org/\"\u003eHarry P. Leu Gardens\u003c/extref\u003e. The \u003cextref href=\"https://aspace.rollins.edu/repositories/2/resources/4\"\u003eHenry Nehrling Collection\u003c/extref\u003e and the \u003cextref href=\"https://aspace.rollins.edu/repositories/2/resources/97\"\u003eTheodore L. Mead Collection\u003c/extref\u003e are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the \u003cextref href=\"http://siarchives.si.edu/\"\u003eSmithsonian Institution Archives\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["A large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library  Online Catalog .  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling  and the  Henry Nehrling Papers  are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the  Harry P. Leu Gardens . The  Henry Nehrling Collection  and the  Theodore L. Mead Collection  are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the  Smithsonian Institution Archives ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.","\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.","\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.","\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.","\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.","\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.","\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.","\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Copyright Statement"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8e33310d6b1a70e4d88f1e2d3043cf71\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here."],"names_coll_ssim":["Bromeliad Society","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society","Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society"],"persname_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3662,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:53:59.490Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_54693"}},{"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_54714","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Cypress, 1974-1985","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_54714#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_54714","ref_ssm":["aspace_54714","aspace_54714"],"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_54714","title_filing_ssi":"Cypress","title_ssm":["Cypress"],"title_tesim":["Cypress"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1974-1985"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1974-1985"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cypress, 1974-1985"],"text":["Cypress, 1974-1985","Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Natural History, 1853-1997.","Folder 1","/repositories/4/archival_objects/33824","box 157","folder 1"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_54625"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Natural History, 1853-1997."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Natural History, 1853-1997."],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 1","/repositories/4/archival_objects/33824"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":3208,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n\n  Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence\n  Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"\n"],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985],"containers_ssim":["box 157","folder 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#62","_nest_parent_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_54625","_root_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:53:59.490Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","title_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection"],"title_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection"],"ead_ssi":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","unitdate_ssm":["1754-2014"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1754-2014"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148"],"text":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148","Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Marineland (Fla.)","Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)","The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"","The collection is divided into eight series by type of file.","Michael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004.","Materials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023.","A large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library  Online Catalog .  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling  and the  Henry Nehrling Papers  are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the  Harry P. Leu Gardens . The  Henry Nehrling Collection  and the  Theodore L. Mead Collection  are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the  Smithsonian Institution Archives .","Series I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.","\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.","\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.","\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.","\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.","\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.","\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.","\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder.","Michael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here.","UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society","Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1754-2014"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"collection_title_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"collection_ssim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"creator_ssm":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creator_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creators_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"places_ssim":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Some of these materials were donated to and others were purchased by the University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives from Michael A. Spencer in 2006 (CFM2006_09), 2011 (CFM2011_02), 2012 (CFM2012_10), and 2014 (CFM2014_01)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["130 Linear Feet 259 boxes, 2 flat files"],"extent_tesim":["130 Linear Feet 259 boxes, 2 flat files"],"genreform_ssim":["botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"date_range_isim":[1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBoxes 180-181: Personal correspondence\u003c/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBoxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\""],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into eight series by type of file.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into eight series by type of file."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Materials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library \u003cextref href=\"https://library.ucf.edu\"\u003eOnline Catalog\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08c\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally\u003c/extref\u003e, \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08b\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead\u003c/extref\u003e, \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08a\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling\u003c/extref\u003e and the \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM1999-03\"\u003eHenry Nehrling Papers\u003c/extref\u003e are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the \u003cextref href=\"http://www.leugardens.org/\"\u003eHarry P. Leu Gardens\u003c/extref\u003e. The \u003cextref href=\"https://aspace.rollins.edu/repositories/2/resources/4\"\u003eHenry Nehrling Collection\u003c/extref\u003e and the \u003cextref href=\"https://aspace.rollins.edu/repositories/2/resources/97\"\u003eTheodore L. Mead Collection\u003c/extref\u003e are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the \u003cextref href=\"http://siarchives.si.edu/\"\u003eSmithsonian Institution Archives\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["A large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library  Online Catalog .  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling  and the  Henry Nehrling Papers  are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the  Harry P. Leu Gardens . The  Henry Nehrling Collection  and the  Theodore L. Mead Collection  are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the  Smithsonian Institution Archives ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.","\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.","\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.","\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.","\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.","\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.","\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.","\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Copyright Statement"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8e33310d6b1a70e4d88f1e2d3043cf71\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here."],"names_coll_ssim":["Bromeliad Society","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society","Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society"],"persname_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3662,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:53:59.490Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_54714"}},{"id":"33eb7d7837b712c15c2083e3_aspace_4ea11906b3f6306c12c700c0225b7d13","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Cypress Chapter Newsletters, 1976-1979","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/33eb7d7837b712c15c2083e3_aspace_4ea11906b3f6306c12c700c0225b7d13#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_4ea11906b3f6306c12c700c0225b7d13","ref_ssm":["aspace_4ea11906b3f6306c12c700c0225b7d13","aspace_4ea11906b3f6306c12c700c0225b7d13"],"id":"33eb7d7837b712c15c2083e3_aspace_4ea11906b3f6306c12c700c0225b7d13","title_filing_ssi":"Cypress Chapter Newsletters","title_ssm":["Cypress Chapter Newsletters"],"title_tesim":["Cypress Chapter Newsletters"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1976-1979"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1976-1979"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cypress Chapter Newsletters, 1976-1979"],"text":["Cypress Chapter Newsletters, 1976-1979","Franklin Adams Collection, 1960-2019","Box 9","IWLA Florida Div.","/repositories/2/archival_objects/75498","box 9","folder 16"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["33eb7d7837b712c15c2083e3","33eb7d7837b712c15c2083e3_aspace_71a53572a968623b6c6cd91233aadb35","33eb7d7837b712c15c2083e3_aspace_e18d9b14eddc4394b22e283a71805187"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Franklin Adams Collection, 1960-2019","Box 9","IWLA Florida Div."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Franklin Adams Collection, 1960-2019","Box 9","IWLA Florida Div."],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Other level","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/2/archival_objects/75498"],"repository_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Franklin Adams Collection, 1960-2019"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":311,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact Special Collections \u0026 University Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about\nthe copyright holder of materials found in our collections.","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"date_range_isim":[1976,1977,1978,1979],"containers_ssim":["box 9","folder 16"],"_nest_path_":"/components#8/components#0/components#15","_nest_parent_":"33eb7d7837b712c15c2083e3_aspace_e18d9b14eddc4394b22e283a71805187","_root_":"33eb7d7837b712c15c2083e3","_version_":1870844419699113984,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T04:31:13.054Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"33eb7d7837b712c15c2083e3","title_ssm":["Franklin Adams Collection"],"title_tesim":["Franklin Adams Collection"],"ead_ssi":"33eb7d7837b712c15c2083e3","unitdate_ssm":["1960-2019"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1960-2019"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SPC 9000","/repositories/2/resources/107"],"text":["SPC 9000","/repositories/2/resources/107","Franklin Adams Collection, 1960-2019","Big Cypress National Preserve","Everglades","Marco Island (Fla: island)","Wildlife at risk","Wildlife conservation","Urban development.","Florida panther","Conservation","Douglas, Marjory Stoneman","Izaac Walton League","Water conservation","Eco clubs","Environmental justice","Environmental policy","Petroleum--Prospecting","This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact Special Collections \u0026 University Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials.","The materials in this collection are arranged in the following series':","Big Cypress Preservation Efforts;\nBig Cypress Swamp Advisory Committee on Oil Pads, Access Roads, Drilling \u0026 Seismic Exploration;\nBiographical Information;\nCollier DRI;\nCorrespondence;\nMarjory Stoneman Douglas;\nEnvironmental Confederation of SW Florida;\nEverglades Oil Drilling;\nFlorida Biodiversity Lawsuit;\nFlorida Conservation Foundation;\nFlorida Panther;\nFlorida Water Task Force;\nFlorida Wildlife Federation;\nFriends of the Everglades;\nIWLA Big Cypress Chapter History;\nIWLA Florida Division;\nKissimmee River Valley;\nMarco Island Litigation;\nMarshall, Arthur R. \"Art\";\nMosquito Control Spraying;\nRaccoon Point;\nWater!","Franklin B. Adams was born in Miami, FL, to G.B. and Lois Franklin Adams. He is a graduate of Miami Senior High School, Miami Dade Junior College (Now Miami-Dade College), and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Surveying and Mapping School. Mr. Adams is a Florida Master Naturalist. He served in the 841st Engineer Battalion of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. He has worked as a land surveyor, charter boat captain, and eco-guide in the Everglades City-Naples area of Florida. ","He has served as a member of numerous environmental and conservation organizations, which is the focus of this collection. Over the past fifty years, Franklin has served in leadership positions with the Friends of the Everglades; Big Cypress Nature Center; Florida Conservation Foundation; Izaak Walton League of America; Environmental Confederation of Southwest Florida; Florida Native Plant Society (founding member); Coalition to Save the Everglades; \"Water!;\" and the Florida Wildlife Federation. ","He worked to establish the Florida Wildlife Federation Southwest Florida Office, as well as the restoration of the Kissimmee-Okeechobee-Everglades system. He fought against the Miami Jetport and lobbied for the establishment of the Big Cypress National Preserve. He also worked to preserve the habitat of the Florida Panther and was a key figure in the protection of this endangered cat. ","Mr. Adams has received numerous awards over the years related to his conservation work. Among these are Izaak Walton League of America Cypress Chapter Service Award, National Wildlife Federation Conservation Achievement Award, and the National Wildlife Federation Hall of Fame Award.","\nFraklin Adams lives in the Naples area. To learn more about his background, please refer to the biographical series within this collection. ","The issues that Fraklin Adams worked on were also of interest to the U.S. Congressmen from the area. James A. Haley, as chairman of the House Interior Committee during thr 1970s, was instrumental in the creation of Big Cypress National Preserve. His papers (https://www.flsouthern.edu/getattachment/library/mckay-archives/finding-aids/HALEY-Finding-Aid.pdf.aspx?lang=en-US) are maintained at Florida Southern College and contain references to many of the same issues that Mr. Adams was involved with. \nMr. Haley's successor, Andy Ireland, also took interest in issues facing Florida's environment. His papers may also be found at Florida Southern College (https://www.flsouthern.edu/getattachment/library/McKay-Archives/Finding-Aids/Ireland-for-web-page.doc.aspx?lang=en-US)","***Please copy and past the URLs into your browser window to view the Haley and Ireland finding aids***","The materials in this collection reflect the subject's interest in environmental preservation. Mr. Adams served in a number of environmental interest organizations such as the Isaac Walton League of America (IWLA), The Florida Water Task Force, and the Florida Wildlife Federation, to give but a few examples. The bulk of the collection contains correspondence, news clippings, legal documents, and blueprints/aerial maps of affected lands.","Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about\nthe copyright holder of materials found in our collections.","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general","FIU Special Collections","Franklin B. Adams","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SPC 9000","/repositories/2/resources/107"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1960-2019"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Franklin Adams Collection, 1960-2019"],"collection_title_tesim":["Franklin Adams Collection, 1960-2019"],"collection_ssim":["Franklin Adams Collection, 1960-2019"],"repository_ssm":["FIU Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Big Cypress National Preserve","Everglades","Marco Island (Fla: island)"],"geogname_ssim":["Big Cypress National Preserve","Everglades","Marco Island (Fla: island)"],"creator_ssm":["Franklin B. Adams"],"creator_ssim":["Franklin B. Adams"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Franklin B. Adams"],"creators_ssim":["Franklin B. Adams"],"places_ssim":["Big Cypress National Preserve","Everglades","Marco Island (Fla: island)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about\nthe copyright holder of materials found in our collections.","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Materials were donated by Franklin Adams"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Wildlife at risk","Wildlife conservation","Urban development.","Florida panther","Conservation","Douglas, Marjory Stoneman","Izaac Walton League","Water conservation","Eco clubs","Environmental justice","Environmental policy","Petroleum--Prospecting"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Wildlife at risk","Wildlife conservation","Urban development.","Florida panther","Conservation","Douglas, Marjory Stoneman","Izaac Walton League","Water conservation","Eco clubs","Environmental justice","Environmental policy","Petroleum--Prospecting"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13.00 Linear Feet","12 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["13.00 Linear Feet","12 boxes"],"physfacet_tesim":["11 Banker boxes; 1 legal-size document case"],"date_range_isim":[1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research. Researchers must contact Special Collections \u0026amp; University Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact Special Collections \u0026 University Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this collection are arranged in the following series':\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBig Cypress Preservation Efforts;\nBig Cypress Swamp Advisory Committee on Oil Pads, Access Roads, Drilling \u0026amp; Seismic Exploration;\nBiographical Information;\nCollier DRI;\nCorrespondence;\nMarjory Stoneman Douglas;\nEnvironmental Confederation of SW Florida;\nEverglades Oil Drilling;\nFlorida Biodiversity Lawsuit;\nFlorida Conservation Foundation;\nFlorida Panther;\nFlorida Water Task Force;\nFlorida Wildlife Federation;\nFriends of the Everglades;\nIWLA Big Cypress Chapter History;\nIWLA Florida Division;\nKissimmee River Valley;\nMarco Island Litigation;\nMarshall, Arthur R. \"Art\";\nMosquito Control Spraying;\nRaccoon Point;\nWater!\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The materials in this collection are arranged in the following series':","Big Cypress Preservation Efforts;\nBig Cypress Swamp Advisory Committee on Oil Pads, Access Roads, Drilling \u0026 Seismic Exploration;\nBiographical Information;\nCollier DRI;\nCorrespondence;\nMarjory Stoneman Douglas;\nEnvironmental Confederation of SW Florida;\nEverglades Oil Drilling;\nFlorida Biodiversity Lawsuit;\nFlorida Conservation Foundation;\nFlorida Panther;\nFlorida Water Task Force;\nFlorida Wildlife Federation;\nFriends of the Everglades;\nIWLA Big Cypress Chapter History;\nIWLA Florida Division;\nKissimmee River Valley;\nMarco Island Litigation;\nMarshall, Arthur R. \"Art\";\nMosquito Control Spraying;\nRaccoon Point;\nWater!"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFranklin B. Adams was born in Miami, FL, to G.B. and Lois Franklin Adams. He is a graduate of Miami Senior High School, Miami Dade Junior College (Now Miami-Dade College), and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Surveying and Mapping School. Mr. Adams is a Florida Master Naturalist. He served in the 841st Engineer Battalion of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. He has worked as a land surveyor, charter boat captain, and eco-guide in the Everglades City-Naples area of Florida. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe has served as a member of numerous environmental and conservation organizations, which is the focus of this collection. Over the past fifty years, Franklin has served in leadership positions with the Friends of the Everglades; Big Cypress Nature Center; Florida Conservation Foundation; Izaak Walton League of America; Environmental Confederation of Southwest Florida; Florida Native Plant Society (founding member); Coalition to Save the Everglades; \"Water!;\" and the Florida Wildlife Federation. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe worked to establish the Florida Wildlife Federation Southwest Florida Office, as well as the restoration of the Kissimmee-Okeechobee-Everglades system. He fought against the Miami Jetport and lobbied for the establishment of the Big Cypress National Preserve. He also worked to preserve the habitat of the Florida Panther and was a key figure in the protection of this endangered cat. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMr. Adams has received numerous awards over the years related to his conservation work. Among these are Izaak Walton League of America Cypress Chapter Service Award, National Wildlife Federation Conservation Achievement Award, and the National Wildlife Federation Hall of Fame Award.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nFraklin Adams lives in the Naples area. To learn more about his background, please refer to the biographical series within this collection. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Franklin B. Adams was born in Miami, FL, to G.B. and Lois Franklin Adams. He is a graduate of Miami Senior High School, Miami Dade Junior College (Now Miami-Dade College), and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Surveying and Mapping School. Mr. Adams is a Florida Master Naturalist. He served in the 841st Engineer Battalion of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. He has worked as a land surveyor, charter boat captain, and eco-guide in the Everglades City-Naples area of Florida. ","He has served as a member of numerous environmental and conservation organizations, which is the focus of this collection. Over the past fifty years, Franklin has served in leadership positions with the Friends of the Everglades; Big Cypress Nature Center; Florida Conservation Foundation; Izaak Walton League of America; Environmental Confederation of Southwest Florida; Florida Native Plant Society (founding member); Coalition to Save the Everglades; \"Water!;\" and the Florida Wildlife Federation. ","He worked to establish the Florida Wildlife Federation Southwest Florida Office, as well as the restoration of the Kissimmee-Okeechobee-Everglades system. He fought against the Miami Jetport and lobbied for the establishment of the Big Cypress National Preserve. He also worked to preserve the habitat of the Florida Panther and was a key figure in the protection of this endangered cat. ","Mr. Adams has received numerous awards over the years related to his conservation work. Among these are Izaak Walton League of America Cypress Chapter Service Award, National Wildlife Federation Conservation Achievement Award, and the National Wildlife Federation Hall of Fame Award.","\nFraklin Adams lives in the Naples area. To learn more about his background, please refer to the biographical series within this collection. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe issues that Fraklin Adams worked on were also of interest to the U.S. Congressmen from the area. James A. Haley, as chairman of the House Interior Committee during thr 1970s, was instrumental in the creation of Big Cypress National Preserve. His papers (https://www.flsouthern.edu/getattachment/library/mckay-archives/finding-aids/HALEY-Finding-Aid.pdf.aspx?lang=en-US) are maintained at Florida Southern College and contain references to many of the same issues that Mr. Adams was involved with. \nMr. Haley's successor, Andy Ireland, also took interest in issues facing Florida's environment. His papers may also be found at Florida Southern College (https://www.flsouthern.edu/getattachment/library/McKay-Archives/Finding-Aids/Ireland-for-web-page.doc.aspx?lang=en-US)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e***Please copy and past the URLs into your browser window to view the Haley and Ireland finding aids***\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["The issues that Fraklin Adams worked on were also of interest to the U.S. Congressmen from the area. James A. Haley, as chairman of the House Interior Committee during thr 1970s, was instrumental in the creation of Big Cypress National Preserve. His papers (https://www.flsouthern.edu/getattachment/library/mckay-archives/finding-aids/HALEY-Finding-Aid.pdf.aspx?lang=en-US) are maintained at Florida Southern College and contain references to many of the same issues that Mr. Adams was involved with. \nMr. Haley's successor, Andy Ireland, also took interest in issues facing Florida's environment. His papers may also be found at Florida Southern College (https://www.flsouthern.edu/getattachment/library/McKay-Archives/Finding-Aids/Ireland-for-web-page.doc.aspx?lang=en-US)","***Please copy and past the URLs into your browser window to view the Haley and Ireland finding aids***"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this collection reflect the subject's interest in environmental preservation. Mr. Adams served in a number of environmental interest organizations such as the Isaac Walton League of America (IWLA), The Florida Water Task Force, and the Florida Wildlife Federation, to give but a few examples. The bulk of the collection contains correspondence, news clippings, legal documents, and blueprints/aerial maps of affected lands.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The materials in this collection reflect the subject's interest in environmental preservation. Mr. Adams served in a number of environmental interest organizations such as the Isaac Walton League of America (IWLA), The Florida Water Task Force, and the Florida Wildlife Federation, to give but a few examples. The bulk of the collection contains correspondence, news clippings, legal documents, and blueprints/aerial maps of affected lands."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections \u0026amp; University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about\nthe copyright holder of materials found in our collections.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about\nthe copyright holder of materials found in our collections.","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"names_ssim":["FIU Special Collections","Franklin B. Adams"],"corpname_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Franklin B. Adams"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":424,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870844419699113984,"_root_":"33eb7d7837b712c15c2083e3","timestamp":"2026-07-16T04:31:13.054Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/33eb7d7837b712c15c2083e3_aspace_4ea11906b3f6306c12c700c0225b7d13"}},{"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52757","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Cypress Gardens, 1962-1979","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52757#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_52757","ref_ssm":["aspace_52757","aspace_52757"],"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52757","title_filing_ssi":"Cypress Gardens","title_ssm":["Cypress Gardens"],"title_tesim":["Cypress Gardens"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1962-1979"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1962-1979"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cypress Gardens, 1962-1979"],"text":["Cypress Gardens, 1962-1979","Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Subject Files, 1880-2003.","Folder 15-16","/repositories/4/archival_objects/33046","box 50","folder 15-16"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52621"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Subject Files, 1880-2003."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Subject Files, 1880-2003."],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 15-16","/repositories/4/archival_objects/33046"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":1341,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n\n  Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence\n  Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"\n"],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979],"containers_ssim":["box 50","folder 15-16"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#52","_nest_parent_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52621","_root_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:53:59.490Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","title_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection"],"title_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection"],"ead_ssi":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","unitdate_ssm":["1754-2014"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1754-2014"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148"],"text":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148","Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Marineland (Fla.)","Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)","The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"","The collection is divided into eight series by type of file.","Michael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004.","Materials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023.","A large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library  Online Catalog .  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling  and the  Henry Nehrling Papers  are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the  Harry P. Leu Gardens . The  Henry Nehrling Collection  and the  Theodore L. Mead Collection  are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the  Smithsonian Institution Archives .","Series I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.","\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.","\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.","\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.","\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.","\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.","\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.","\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder.","Michael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here.","UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society","Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1754-2014"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"collection_title_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"collection_ssim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"creator_ssm":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creator_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creators_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"places_ssim":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Some of these materials were donated to and others were purchased by the University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives from Michael A. Spencer in 2006 (CFM2006_09), 2011 (CFM2011_02), 2012 (CFM2012_10), and 2014 (CFM2014_01)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["130 Linear Feet 259 boxes, 2 flat files"],"extent_tesim":["130 Linear Feet 259 boxes, 2 flat files"],"genreform_ssim":["botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"date_range_isim":[1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBoxes 180-181: Personal correspondence\u003c/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBoxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\""],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into eight series by type of file.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into eight series by type of file."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Materials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library \u003cextref href=\"https://library.ucf.edu\"\u003eOnline Catalog\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08c\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally\u003c/extref\u003e, \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08b\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead\u003c/extref\u003e, \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08a\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling\u003c/extref\u003e and the \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM1999-03\"\u003eHenry Nehrling Papers\u003c/extref\u003e are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the \u003cextref href=\"http://www.leugardens.org/\"\u003eHarry P. Leu Gardens\u003c/extref\u003e. The \u003cextref href=\"https://aspace.rollins.edu/repositories/2/resources/4\"\u003eHenry Nehrling Collection\u003c/extref\u003e and the \u003cextref href=\"https://aspace.rollins.edu/repositories/2/resources/97\"\u003eTheodore L. Mead Collection\u003c/extref\u003e are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the \u003cextref href=\"http://siarchives.si.edu/\"\u003eSmithsonian Institution Archives\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["A large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library  Online Catalog .  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling  and the  Henry Nehrling Papers  are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the  Harry P. Leu Gardens . The  Henry Nehrling Collection  and the  Theodore L. Mead Collection  are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the  Smithsonian Institution Archives ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.","\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.","\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.","\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.","\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.","\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.","\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.","\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Copyright Statement"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8e33310d6b1a70e4d88f1e2d3043cf71\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here."],"names_coll_ssim":["Bromeliad Society","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society","Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society"],"persname_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3662,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:53:59.490Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52757"}},{"id":"4ecd9741f5ab1f086d98fc86_aspace_8a9fd5bdebf4cb73445f623467523a9c","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Cyrus Johnson, 1963-1978","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4ecd9741f5ab1f086d98fc86_aspace_8a9fd5bdebf4cb73445f623467523a9c#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eInterview with Cyrus Johnson, 1/18/1978; Correspondence from Johnson, 1963\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4ecd9741f5ab1f086d98fc86_aspace_8a9fd5bdebf4cb73445f623467523a9c#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_8a9fd5bdebf4cb73445f623467523a9c","ref_ssm":["aspace_8a9fd5bdebf4cb73445f623467523a9c","aspace_8a9fd5bdebf4cb73445f623467523a9c"],"id":"4ecd9741f5ab1f086d98fc86_aspace_8a9fd5bdebf4cb73445f623467523a9c","title_filing_ssi":"Cyrus Johnson","title_ssm":["Cyrus Johnson"],"title_tesim":["Cyrus Johnson"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1963-1978"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1963-1978"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cyrus Johnson, 1963-1978"],"text":["Cyrus Johnson, 1963-1978","Dr. Heather Frazer and Dr. John O'Sullivan Research Collection, 1871 - 2006","CPS Interviews, bulk 1937-1994","/repositories/2/archival_objects/78180","box 54","folder 2","Interview with Cyrus Johnson, 1/18/1978; Correspondence from Johnson, 1963"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["4ecd9741f5ab1f086d98fc86","4ecd9741f5ab1f086d98fc86_aspace_57b49525d96320568965f61781a082d6"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Dr. Heather Frazer and Dr. John O'Sullivan Research Collection, 1871 - 2006","CPS Interviews, bulk 1937-1994"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Dr. Heather Frazer and Dr. John O'Sullivan Research Collection, 1871 - 2006","CPS Interviews, bulk 1937-1994"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/2/archival_objects/78180"],"repository_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. Heather Frazer and Dr. John O'Sullivan Research Collection, 1871 - 2006"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":591,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment.","Photocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library. See less"],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement. When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder. Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections. See less See less"],"date_range_isim":[1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978],"containers_ssim":["box 54","folder 2"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eInterview with Cyrus Johnson, 1/18/1978; Correspondence from Johnson, 1963\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Interview with Cyrus Johnson, 1/18/1978; Correspondence from Johnson, 1963"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#57","_nest_parent_":"4ecd9741f5ab1f086d98fc86_aspace_57b49525d96320568965f61781a082d6","_root_":"4ecd9741f5ab1f086d98fc86","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:01:13.886Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"4ecd9741f5ab1f086d98fc86","title_ssm":["Dr. Heather Frazer and Dr. John O'Sullivan Research Collection"],"title_tesim":["Dr. Heather Frazer and Dr. John O'Sullivan Research Collection"],"ead_ssi":"4ecd9741f5ab1f086d98fc86","unitdate_ssm":["1871 - 2006"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1871 - 2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UAFP0012","/repositories/2/resources/203"],"text":["UAFP0012","/repositories/2/resources/203","Dr. Heather Frazer and Dr. John O'Sullivan Research Collection, 1871 - 2006","United States","World War, 1939-1945","University Archives","University Archives -- Faculty Papers"," Civilian Public Service -- History","World War, 1939-1945 -- Conscientious objectors -- United States","Oral history","Collections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment.","Photocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library. See less","The Frazer-O'Sullivan Collection contains the research for the co- authored book, We Have Just Begun to Not Fight: An Oral History of Conscientious Objectors in the Civilian Public Service During World War II, by Heather Frazer and John O'Sullivan. More than 40,000 American men refused to fight during World War II. Citing principled opposition, they declared themselves conscientious objectors. Rejecting combat duty, nearly 12,000 men entered Civilian Public Service (CPS) with the intent to perform \"work of national importance\" as an alternative to combat duty. The CPS program was set up by members of the historic peace churches (Mennonites, Brethren, and Quakers) and participated in by pacifists from other churches, of no specific religious persuasion, and, in the case of a few, no persuasion except not to fight in that particular war. CPS men worked as aides in mental hospitals, volunteered as smoke jumpers in forest fires, and participated in grueling medical and scientific experiments.  Frazer and O'Sullivan use the oral histories of 15 CPS men and two of their wives to illuminate their experience during World War II. ","Heather T. Frazer (1940 – 2016) was a professor of history at Florida Atlantic University. In 1971, she became the first female faculty member in the FAU history department where she taught for 35 years before retiring in 2006. During her tenure, she served as Department Chair and Director of Graduate Studies. She also pioneered the study of women's history at FAU, helping establish the Women's Studies program, which is now the Center for Women, Gender and Sexuality Studies. Dr. Frazer taught courses in women's history, modern Britain and British Empire, Indian history, and oral history.","John O'Sullivan (1939-2000) was a professor of history at Florida Atlantic University. In 1971, he came to Florida Atlantic University where he served as chair of the History Department (1975-1978) and devoted his entire academic career. Dr. O'Sullivan received numerous research fellowships including the American Philosophical Society, the American Historical Association, and the Sloan Foundation. His areas of specialization were World War II, Vietnam War, Nuclear Age, the Holocaust, Peace History, Oral History and Modern American Political and Diplomatic Affairs.","Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement. When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder. Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections. See less See less","Florida Atlantic University Libraries","English"],"unitid_tesim":["UAFP0012","/repositories/2/resources/203"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1871 - 2006"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dr. Heather Frazer and Dr. John O'Sullivan Research Collection, 1871 - 2006"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dr. Heather Frazer and Dr. John O'Sullivan Research Collection, 1871 - 2006"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. Heather Frazer and Dr. John O'Sullivan Research Collection, 1871 - 2006"],"repository_ssm":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"repository_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"geogname_ssm":["United States"],"geogname_ssim":["United States"],"places_ssim":["United States"],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement. When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder. Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections. See less See less"],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945","University Archives","University Archives -- Faculty Papers"," Civilian Public Service -- History","World War, 1939-1945 -- Conscientious objectors -- United States","Oral history"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945","University Archives","University Archives -- Faculty Papers"," Civilian Public Service -- History","World War, 1939-1945 -- Conscientious objectors -- United States","Oral history"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["67 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["67 boxes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library. See less\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment.","Photocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library. See less"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Frazer-O'Sullivan Collection contains the research for the co- authored book, We Have Just Begun to Not Fight: An Oral History of Conscientious Objectors in the Civilian Public Service During World War II, by Heather Frazer and John O'Sullivan. More than 40,000 American men refused to fight during World War II. Citing principled opposition, they declared themselves conscientious objectors. Rejecting combat duty, nearly 12,000 men entered Civilian Public Service (CPS) with the intent to perform \"work of national importance\" as an alternative to combat duty. The CPS program was set up by members of the historic peace churches (Mennonites, Brethren, and Quakers) and participated in by pacifists from other churches, of no specific religious persuasion, and, in the case of a few, no persuasion except not to fight in that particular war. CPS men worked as aides in mental hospitals, volunteered as smoke jumpers in forest fires, and participated in grueling medical and scientific experiments.  Frazer and O'Sullivan use the oral histories of 15 CPS men and two of their wives to illuminate their experience during World War II. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHeather T. Frazer (1940 \u0026#x2013; 2016) was a professor of history at Florida Atlantic University. In 1971, she became the first female faculty member in the FAU history department where she taught for 35 years before retiring in 2006. During her tenure, she served as Department Chair and Director of Graduate Studies. She also pioneered the study of women's history at FAU, helping establish the Women's Studies program, which is now the Center for Women, Gender and Sexuality Studies. Dr. Frazer taught courses in women's history, modern Britain and British Empire, Indian history, and oral history.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohn O'Sullivan (1939-2000) was a professor of history at Florida Atlantic University. In 1971, he came to Florida Atlantic University where he served as chair of the History Department (1975-1978) and devoted his entire academic career. Dr. O'Sullivan received numerous research fellowships including the American Philosophical Society, the American Historical Association, and the Sloan Foundation. His areas of specialization were World War II, Vietnam War, Nuclear Age, the Holocaust, Peace History, Oral History and Modern American Political and Diplomatic Affairs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Frazer-O'Sullivan Collection contains the research for the co- authored book, We Have Just Begun to Not Fight: An Oral History of Conscientious Objectors in the Civilian Public Service During World War II, by Heather Frazer and John O'Sullivan. More than 40,000 American men refused to fight during World War II. Citing principled opposition, they declared themselves conscientious objectors. Rejecting combat duty, nearly 12,000 men entered Civilian Public Service (CPS) with the intent to perform \"work of national importance\" as an alternative to combat duty. The CPS program was set up by members of the historic peace churches (Mennonites, Brethren, and Quakers) and participated in by pacifists from other churches, of no specific religious persuasion, and, in the case of a few, no persuasion except not to fight in that particular war. CPS men worked as aides in mental hospitals, volunteered as smoke jumpers in forest fires, and participated in grueling medical and scientific experiments.  Frazer and O'Sullivan use the oral histories of 15 CPS men and two of their wives to illuminate their experience during World War II. ","Heather T. Frazer (1940 – 2016) was a professor of history at Florida Atlantic University. In 1971, she became the first female faculty member in the FAU history department where she taught for 35 years before retiring in 2006. During her tenure, she served as Department Chair and Director of Graduate Studies. She also pioneered the study of women's history at FAU, helping establish the Women's Studies program, which is now the Center for Women, Gender and Sexuality Studies. Dr. Frazer taught courses in women's history, modern Britain and British Empire, Indian history, and oral history.","John O'Sullivan (1939-2000) was a professor of history at Florida Atlantic University. In 1971, he came to Florida Atlantic University where he served as chair of the History Department (1975-1978) and devoted his entire academic career. Dr. O'Sullivan received numerous research fellowships including the American Philosophical Society, the American Historical Association, and the Sloan Foundation. His areas of specialization were World War II, Vietnam War, Nuclear Age, the Holocaust, Peace History, Oral History and Modern American Political and Diplomatic Affairs."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement. When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder. Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections. See less See less\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement. When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder. Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections. See less See less"],"names_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"corpname_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":808,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"4ecd9741f5ab1f086d98fc86","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:01:13.886Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4ecd9741f5ab1f086d98fc86_aspace_8a9fd5bdebf4cb73445f623467523a9c"}},{"id":"caafc6b8db90f2f2957ce126","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Dae D. Baird, Jr. papers, 1944-2009, Date acquired: 11/20/2009","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/caafc6b8db90f2f2957ce126#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Baird, Dae D., Jr., 1918-2016"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/caafc6b8db90f2f2957ce126#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains papers pertaining to Ensign Dae D. Baird, Jr. and his experiences as a Merchant Marine during World War II.The papers include photographs, letters, speeches, biographical articles, and military documents.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/caafc6b8db90f2f2957ce126#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"caafc6b8db90f2f2957ce126","title_filing_ssi":"Baird, Dae D., Jr. papers","title_ssm":["Dae D. Baird, Jr. papers"],"title_tesim":["Dae D. Baird, Jr. papers"],"ead_ssi":"caafc6b8db90f2f2957ce126","unitdate_ssm":["1944-2009","Date acquired: 11/20/2009"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1944-2009"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 11/20/2009"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["09.0169","/repositories/10/resources/468"],"text":["09.0169","/repositories/10/resources/468","Dae D. Baird, Jr. papers, 1944-2009, Date acquired: 11/20/2009","Merchant marine--Egypt--History.","Merchant marine--Italy--History.","Merchant marine--Persian Gulf Region--History.","Merchant mariners--History","Merchant marine--United States","Merchant marine--Officers","Merchant mariners--United States","Merchant marine--Records and correspondence.","Merchant marine Safety regulations","World War, 1939-1945--Naval operations","This collection is open to all researchers.","Creator","Ensign Dae D. Baird, Jr. was a Merchant Marine Purser during World War II. While serving, Baird also served as the pharmacist aboard the SS William Bradford. After leaving his pregnant wife in Tennessee, Baird traveled across the ocean through the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea, and into the Persian Gulf. The SS William Bradford also took Baird into the Indian Ocean, about the coast of Africa, back towards South America, and then returned home to New York. In his letters, Baird speaks mostly of the weather; he is very vague about the actual War. He does speak in detail about the blackout regulations and the safety aboard the ship. For his services, Baird was rewarded multiple medals including: The Atlantic War Zone, The World War II, and the Mediterranean-Middle East War Zone. 50 years after the war, Baird received an award from Russia for his services in the Great Patriot War. Baird spoke at many memorials and documented many of his experiences as a Merchant Marine in articles on the War. Baird is still alive.","Note written by Hannah Shapiro","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection contains papers pertaining to Ensign Dae D. Baird, Jr. and his experiences as a Merchant Marine during World War II.The papers include photographs, letters, speeches, biographical articles, and military documents.","The Dae D. Baird, Jr. collection pertains to the service of Ensign Dae D. Baird, Jr. in the United States Merchant Marines from June 1943 until 1946, as a Purser. Consisting of copies of photographs, records of medals, and articles on the Merchant Marine and Mr. Baird's experiences during World War II, the collection provides insight into the experiences of a Merchant Mariner. In his brief account on the war, \"Unusual and Rare World War II Experiences,\" Mr. Baird describes his experiences aboard the SS William Bradford as it carried ammunition and airplane engines to Russia via the Trans-Iranian Railroad. Having traveled across the Atlantic, the Mediterranean and down the coast of Africa to Capetown, the account details the dangers onboard Merchant ships, including the need for blackouts and the use of barrage balloons. Other details discussed include Italian fleets using firewood as fuel, the emergence of the Black Plague in the city of Suez, sightings of whales and albatrosses, the conversion of ships into hospital ships, and initiations for crossing the Equator. The collection includes a photograph of three medals: the Atlantic War Zone, the Mediterranean-Middle East War Zone, and the World War II. Documentation for a medal from the Russian government shows the medal, a certificate, and a letter about the medal. The medal commemorates the fiftieth anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriot War and is for Mr. Baird's brave service. The accompanying certificate is signed by Boris Yeltsin, the Russian president at the time. Also included are copies of his Honorable Discharge certificate from the United States Coast Guard, dated August 6, 1945, and his World War II Honoree certificate. Copies of photographs show Mr. Baird in his uniform, during the war, and one at his ninetieth birthday. \nThere are two brief articles on the Merchant Marine written by Mr. Baird. The article, \"World War II, Merchant Marine Review,\" discusses the high casualty rate and involvement in the invasions of North Africa, Sicily, Salerno, Anzio, Southern France, Normandy, Iwo Jima, and Guadalcanal. The Merchant Seamen continued to be under attack by Japanese forces following \"Victory over Japan Day.\" The article includes quotes from General Douglas MacArthur and President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. The quotes exhibit the high esteem in which the two men held the Merchant Mariners for their service in \"every theater of operation\" while performing such a dangerous job for the Allies. The other article, \"More Information about the Merchant Marine,\" is about the recognition deserved by Merchant Seamen and how it took forty years for the United States government to honor their war service and grant them Veteran Status. The article also discusses the Veteran's Memorial Service and their goal to inform people on the achievements of the Merchant Mariners as the number of those who served in World War II diminishes. \nThe following letters were written by Dae D. Baird, Jr. during his voyage from May to November of 1944 on the SS William Bradford, a Liberty Ship. Baird served as a Purser in the Merchant Marine. His duties, while focusing primarily on various paperwork including port entry procedures and the ship's payroll, also included the duties of the Pharmicist's Mate, treating minor troubles for the crew such as cuts, fevers, seasickness, and constipation. As Purser, he interacted with a large percentage of the somewhat diverse Merchant Marine and U.S. Navy Armed Guard crew and remarked on his opinions of the different \ncharacters on board. The letters were written to his wife, Evelyn E. Baird, back home in Memphis, Tennessee. At the start of his voyage in May, Evelyn was pregnant with their son, and gave birth to him later during Dae Baird's voyage. For about a month Baird did not know any details of the birth, although he attempted to get information via a cablegram from the Red Cross. \nThe SS William Bradford sailed from Norfolk, Virginia in an initial convoy of 131 ships, including 97 freighters and tankers, 25 Landing Craft, and their escort of 3 Destroyers and 6 Destroyer Escorts. The ship's cargo consisted of ammunition and crated airplane engines to be unloaded at Bandar Shahpur in Iran. From there the cargo would be shipped to the U.S.S.R. via the Trans-Iranian railroad. Parts of the convoy the William Bradford sailed in left for various destinations, a large portion departing to Sicily and Italy, and other ships in a later convoy peeled off towards India. \nFrom Norfolk, the convoy sailed across the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea, through the Straights of Gibraltar and across the North African Coast, passing locations such as Oran, Tunis, Algiers, Bizerte, Malta, Cyrenica, Derma, Tobruk, and Alexandria, before stopping at Port Said at the entrance of the Suez Canal. Stopping again briefly at Suez before entering the Red Sea, the crew were not allowed shore leave on account of the Black Plague. The SS William Bradford sailed out of convoy in the Red Sea and halted at the port of Aden, where they were given only limited shore leave and were not allowed to swim due to the danger of sharks. Here they rejoined a convoy in the Arabian Sea, continuing through the Gulf of Oman to Bandar Shahpur in the Persian Gulf. \nThe weather here was extremely hot, and apparently Bandar Shahpur was considered one of the hottest places in the world. Baird was compelled to sleep on deck instead of his quarters, which were poorly ventilated due to blackout restrictions. Their ship almost ran aground in shallow water while trying to find the entrance to the port. Their cargo, unloaded by natives under U.S. Army supervision, took almost three weeks to unload, and the only source of entertainment for Baird was in the U.S. Army garrison located there. Their cargo finally unloaded, the ship stopped briefly at Bahrein Island to refuel, and then left the Persian Gulf, entering the Indian Ocean. Rounding Africa, they passed by Madagascar and eventually stopped at Durban, South Africa, and again at Capetown, South Africa for 16 days to repair their refrigeration unit. Baird was able to go ashore and see the sights in both Durban and South Africa. \nThe SS William Bradford then crossed the South Atlantic, stopping at Buenos Aires, Argentina to pick up a cargo of shelled corn. The ship then traveled north, stopping at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and Port of Spain, Trinidad. At Trinidad, Baird had to sign off and pay off an injured crew member, leaving him stranded to get back home by himself. From Trinidad, the ship traversed the Caribbean Sea out of convoy through the Windward Passage between Haiti and Cuba, traveled up the Eastern Coast starting at Florida, and finally returned to New York. \nDuring his voyage, Baird frequently writes about the weather, which for most of the voyage was relatively fair, with the exception of the extreme heat in the Red Sea, Persian Gulf, and Indian Oceans, and summer monsoons encountered in those areas. After fair weather, Baird had to catch up since it was too difficult to use a typewriter with the ship rolling in bad weather. Other than his \nPurser duties, Baird and other crew members did many things to pass the time. Baird began reading his first book, \"Men of Albermarle\", and other crew members frequently read books and magazines. The crew played games, and gambled with various games such as dice and card games like four-headed cribbage. They listened to the radio for programs from Allied Expeditionary Stations (AES) such as programs with singer Guy Lombardo, as well as news from the BBC and other broadcast sources. During their voyage the crew heard about the Fall of Rome, the D-Day Invasion of Normandy, the July assassination attempt on Hitler, and other historic events. In some ports, Baird and others were able to see movies, such as \"Wild West\", \"Bomber's Moon\", \"True to Life\", \"Swing Fever\", and \"White Savage.\" Also of note is an initiation for crew members passing south of the Equator which Baird participated in, and a V-lock style haircut that was popular among the crew. \nAlthough Baird wrote many letters to his wife, he was only able to mail three of them during his voyage. Few of the ports he stopped at had reliable mail service, and letters to and from his wife took a long time to be delivered. However, these letters survive as Baird's account of his voyage and his proof of his devotion to his wife during that time in 1944. ","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Baird, Dae D., Jr., 1918-2016","English"],"unitid_tesim":["09.0169","/repositories/10/resources/468"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1944-2009, Date acquired: 11/20/2009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dae D. Baird, Jr. papers, 1944-2009, Date acquired: 11/20/2009"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dae D. Baird, Jr. papers, 1944-2009, Date acquired: 11/20/2009"],"collection_ssim":["Dae D. Baird, Jr. papers, 1944-2009, Date acquired: 11/20/2009"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Merchant marine--Egypt--History.","Merchant marine--Italy--History.","Merchant marine--Persian Gulf Region--History."],"geogname_ssim":["Merchant marine--Egypt--History.","Merchant marine--Italy--History.","Merchant marine--Persian Gulf Region--History."],"creator_ssm":["Baird, Dae D., Jr., 1918-2016"],"creator_ssim":["Baird, Dae D., Jr., 1918-2016"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Baird, Dae D., Jr., 1918-2016"],"creators_ssim":["Baird, Dae D., Jr., 1918-2016"],"places_ssim":["Merchant marine--Egypt--History.","Merchant marine--Italy--History.","Merchant marine--Persian Gulf Region--History."],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Dae Dominic Baird Jr.","Donation"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Merchant mariners--History","Merchant marine--United States","Merchant marine--Officers","Merchant mariners--United States","Merchant marine--Records and correspondence.","Merchant marine Safety regulations","World War, 1939-1945--Naval operations"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Merchant mariners--History","Merchant marine--United States","Merchant marine--Officers","Merchant mariners--United States","Merchant marine--Records and correspondence.","Merchant marine Safety regulations","World War, 1939-1945--Naval operations"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4 folders"],"extent_tesim":["4 folders"],"date_range_isim":[1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCreator\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["Creator"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEnsign Dae D. Baird, Jr. was a Merchant Marine Purser during World War II. While serving, Baird also served as the pharmacist aboard the SS William Bradford. After leaving his pregnant wife in Tennessee, Baird traveled across the ocean through the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea, and into the Persian Gulf. The SS William Bradford also took Baird into the Indian Ocean, about the coast of Africa, back towards South America, and then returned home to New York. In his letters, Baird speaks mostly of the weather; he is very vague about the actual War. He does speak in detail about the blackout regulations and the safety aboard the ship. For his services, Baird was rewarded multiple medals including: The Atlantic War Zone, The World War II, and the Mediterranean-Middle East War Zone. 50 years after the war, Baird received an award from Russia for his services in the Great Patriot War. Baird spoke at many memorials and documented many of his experiences as a Merchant Marine in articles on the War. Baird is still alive.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Hannah Shapiro\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Ensign Dae D. Baird, Jr. was a Merchant Marine Purser during World War II. While serving, Baird also served as the pharmacist aboard the SS William Bradford. After leaving his pregnant wife in Tennessee, Baird traveled across the ocean through the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea, and into the Persian Gulf. The SS William Bradford also took Baird into the Indian Ocean, about the coast of Africa, back towards South America, and then returned home to New York. In his letters, Baird speaks mostly of the weather; he is very vague about the actual War. He does speak in detail about the blackout regulations and the safety aboard the ship. For his services, Baird was rewarded multiple medals including: The Atlantic War Zone, The World War II, and the Mediterranean-Middle East War Zone. 50 years after the war, Baird received an award from Russia for his services in the Great Patriot War. Baird spoke at many memorials and documented many of his experiences as a Merchant Marine in articles on the War. Baird is still alive.","Note written by Hannah Shapiro"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Dae D. Baird, Jr. papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_09_0169\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_09_0169\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Dae D. Baird, Jr. papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_09_0169 ."],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains papers pertaining to Ensign Dae D. Baird, Jr. and his experiences as a Merchant Marine during World War II.The papers include photographs, letters, speeches, biographical articles, and military documents.","The Dae D. Baird, Jr. collection pertains to the service of Ensign Dae D. Baird, Jr. in the United States Merchant Marines from June 1943 until 1946, as a Purser. Consisting of copies of photographs, records of medals, and articles on the Merchant Marine and Mr. Baird's experiences during World War II, the collection provides insight into the experiences of a Merchant Mariner. In his brief account on the war, \"Unusual and Rare World War II Experiences,\" Mr. Baird describes his experiences aboard the SS William Bradford as it carried ammunition and airplane engines to Russia via the Trans-Iranian Railroad. Having traveled across the Atlantic, the Mediterranean and down the coast of Africa to Capetown, the account details the dangers onboard Merchant ships, including the need for blackouts and the use of barrage balloons. Other details discussed include Italian fleets using firewood as fuel, the emergence of the Black Plague in the city of Suez, sightings of whales and albatrosses, the conversion of ships into hospital ships, and initiations for crossing the Equator. The collection includes a photograph of three medals: the Atlantic War Zone, the Mediterranean-Middle East War Zone, and the World War II. Documentation for a medal from the Russian government shows the medal, a certificate, and a letter about the medal. The medal commemorates the fiftieth anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriot War and is for Mr. Baird's brave service. The accompanying certificate is signed by Boris Yeltsin, the Russian president at the time. Also included are copies of his Honorable Discharge certificate from the United States Coast Guard, dated August 6, 1945, and his World War II Honoree certificate. Copies of photographs show Mr. Baird in his uniform, during the war, and one at his ninetieth birthday. \nThere are two brief articles on the Merchant Marine written by Mr. Baird. The article, \"World War II, Merchant Marine Review,\" discusses the high casualty rate and involvement in the invasions of North Africa, Sicily, Salerno, Anzio, Southern France, Normandy, Iwo Jima, and Guadalcanal. The Merchant Seamen continued to be under attack by Japanese forces following \"Victory over Japan Day.\" The article includes quotes from General Douglas MacArthur and President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. The quotes exhibit the high esteem in which the two men held the Merchant Mariners for their service in \"every theater of operation\" while performing such a dangerous job for the Allies. The other article, \"More Information about the Merchant Marine,\" is about the recognition deserved by Merchant Seamen and how it took forty years for the United States government to honor their war service and grant them Veteran Status. The article also discusses the Veteran's Memorial Service and their goal to inform people on the achievements of the Merchant Mariners as the number of those who served in World War II diminishes. \nThe following letters were written by Dae D. Baird, Jr. during his voyage from May to November of 1944 on the SS William Bradford, a Liberty Ship. Baird served as a Purser in the Merchant Marine. His duties, while focusing primarily on various paperwork including port entry procedures and the ship's payroll, also included the duties of the Pharmicist's Mate, treating minor troubles for the crew such as cuts, fevers, seasickness, and constipation. As Purser, he interacted with a large percentage of the somewhat diverse Merchant Marine and U.S. Navy Armed Guard crew and remarked on his opinions of the different \ncharacters on board. The letters were written to his wife, Evelyn E. Baird, back home in Memphis, Tennessee. At the start of his voyage in May, Evelyn was pregnant with their son, and gave birth to him later during Dae Baird's voyage. For about a month Baird did not know any details of the birth, although he attempted to get information via a cablegram from the Red Cross. \nThe SS William Bradford sailed from Norfolk, Virginia in an initial convoy of 131 ships, including 97 freighters and tankers, 25 Landing Craft, and their escort of 3 Destroyers and 6 Destroyer Escorts. The ship's cargo consisted of ammunition and crated airplane engines to be unloaded at Bandar Shahpur in Iran. From there the cargo would be shipped to the U.S.S.R. via the Trans-Iranian railroad. Parts of the convoy the William Bradford sailed in left for various destinations, a large portion departing to Sicily and Italy, and other ships in a later convoy peeled off towards India. \nFrom Norfolk, the convoy sailed across the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea, through the Straights of Gibraltar and across the North African Coast, passing locations such as Oran, Tunis, Algiers, Bizerte, Malta, Cyrenica, Derma, Tobruk, and Alexandria, before stopping at Port Said at the entrance of the Suez Canal. Stopping again briefly at Suez before entering the Red Sea, the crew were not allowed shore leave on account of the Black Plague. The SS William Bradford sailed out of convoy in the Red Sea and halted at the port of Aden, where they were given only limited shore leave and were not allowed to swim due to the danger of sharks. Here they rejoined a convoy in the Arabian Sea, continuing through the Gulf of Oman to Bandar Shahpur in the Persian Gulf. \nThe weather here was extremely hot, and apparently Bandar Shahpur was considered one of the hottest places in the world. Baird was compelled to sleep on deck instead of his quarters, which were poorly ventilated due to blackout restrictions. Their ship almost ran aground in shallow water while trying to find the entrance to the port. Their cargo, unloaded by natives under U.S. Army supervision, took almost three weeks to unload, and the only source of entertainment for Baird was in the U.S. Army garrison located there. Their cargo finally unloaded, the ship stopped briefly at Bahrein Island to refuel, and then left the Persian Gulf, entering the Indian Ocean. Rounding Africa, they passed by Madagascar and eventually stopped at Durban, South Africa, and again at Capetown, South Africa for 16 days to repair their refrigeration unit. Baird was able to go ashore and see the sights in both Durban and South Africa. \nThe SS William Bradford then crossed the South Atlantic, stopping at Buenos Aires, Argentina to pick up a cargo of shelled corn. The ship then traveled north, stopping at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and Port of Spain, Trinidad. At Trinidad, Baird had to sign off and pay off an injured crew member, leaving him stranded to get back home by himself. From Trinidad, the ship traversed the Caribbean Sea out of convoy through the Windward Passage between Haiti and Cuba, traveled up the Eastern Coast starting at Florida, and finally returned to New York. \nDuring his voyage, Baird frequently writes about the weather, which for most of the voyage was relatively fair, with the exception of the extreme heat in the Red Sea, Persian Gulf, and Indian Oceans, and summer monsoons encountered in those areas. After fair weather, Baird had to catch up since it was too difficult to use a typewriter with the ship rolling in bad weather. Other than his \nPurser duties, Baird and other crew members did many things to pass the time. Baird began reading his first book, \"Men of Albermarle\", and other crew members frequently read books and magazines. The crew played games, and gambled with various games such as dice and card games like four-headed cribbage. They listened to the radio for programs from Allied Expeditionary Stations (AES) such as programs with singer Guy Lombardo, as well as news from the BBC and other broadcast sources. During their voyage the crew heard about the Fall of Rome, the D-Day Invasion of Normandy, the July assassination attempt on Hitler, and other historic events. In some ports, Baird and others were able to see movies, such as \"Wild West\", \"Bomber's Moon\", \"True to Life\", \"Swing Fever\", and \"White Savage.\" Also of note is an initiation for crew members passing south of the Equator which Baird participated in, and a V-lock style haircut that was popular among the crew. \nAlthough Baird wrote many letters to his wife, he was only able to mail three of them during his voyage. Few of the ports he stopped at had reliable mail service, and letters to and from his wife took a long time to be delivered. However, these letters survive as Baird's account of his voyage and his proof of his devotion to his wife during that time in 1944. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Baird, Dae D., Jr., 1918-2016"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Baird, Dae D., Jr., 1918-2016"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":4,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"caafc6b8db90f2f2957ce126","timestamp":"2026-07-10T08:14:20.165Z","scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains papers pertaining to Ensign Dae D. Baird, Jr. and his experiences as a Merchant Marine during World War II.The papers include photographs, letters, speeches, biographical articles, and military documents.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Dae D. Baird, Jr. collection pertains to the service of Ensign Dae D. Baird, Jr. in the United States Merchant Marines from June 1943 until 1946, as a Purser. Consisting of copies of photographs, records of medals, and articles on the Merchant Marine and Mr. Baird's experiences during World War II, the collection provides insight into the experiences of a Merchant Mariner. In his brief account on the war, \"Unusual and Rare World War II Experiences,\" Mr. Baird describes his experiences aboard the SS William Bradford as it carried ammunition and airplane engines to Russia via the Trans-Iranian Railroad. Having traveled across the Atlantic, the Mediterranean and down the coast of Africa to Capetown, the account details the dangers onboard Merchant ships, including the need for blackouts and the use of barrage balloons. Other details discussed include Italian fleets using firewood as fuel, the emergence of the Black Plague in the city of Suez, sightings of whales and albatrosses, the conversion of ships into hospital ships, and initiations for crossing the Equator. The collection includes a photograph of three medals: the Atlantic War Zone, the Mediterranean-Middle East War Zone, and the World War II. Documentation for a medal from the Russian government shows the medal, a certificate, and a letter about the medal. The medal commemorates the fiftieth anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriot War and is for Mr. Baird's brave service. The accompanying certificate is signed by Boris Yeltsin, the Russian president at the time. Also included are copies of his Honorable Discharge certificate from the United States Coast Guard, dated August 6, 1945, and his World War II Honoree certificate. Copies of photographs show Mr. Baird in his uniform, during the war, and one at his ninetieth birthday. \nThere are two brief articles on the Merchant Marine written by Mr. Baird. The article, \"World War II, Merchant Marine Review,\" discusses the high casualty rate and involvement in the invasions of North Africa, Sicily, Salerno, Anzio, Southern France, Normandy, Iwo Jima, and Guadalcanal. The Merchant Seamen continued to be under attack by Japanese forces following \"Victory over Japan Day.\" The article includes quotes from General Douglas MacArthur and President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. The quotes exhibit the high esteem in which the two men held the Merchant Mariners for their service in \"every theater of operation\" while performing such a dangerous job for the Allies. The other article, \"More Information about the Merchant Marine,\" is about the recognition deserved by Merchant Seamen and how it took forty years for the United States government to honor their war service and grant them Veteran Status. The article also discusses the Veteran's Memorial Service and their goal to inform people on the achievements of the Merchant Mariners as the number of those who served in World War II diminishes. \nThe following letters were written by Dae D. Baird, Jr. during his voyage from May to November of 1944 on the SS William Bradford, a Liberty Ship. Baird served as a Purser in the Merchant Marine. His duties, while focusing primarily on various paperwork including port entry procedures and the ship's payroll, also included the duties of the Pharmicist's Mate, treating minor troubles for the crew such as cuts, fevers, seasickness, and constipation. As Purser, he interacted with a large percentage of the somewhat diverse Merchant Marine and U.S. Navy Armed Guard crew and remarked on his opinions of the different \ncharacters on board. The letters were written to his wife, Evelyn E. Baird, back home in Memphis, Tennessee. At the start of his voyage in May, Evelyn was pregnant with their son, and gave birth to him later during Dae Baird's voyage. For about a month Baird did not know any details of the birth, although he attempted to get information via a cablegram from the Red Cross. \nThe SS William Bradford sailed from Norfolk, Virginia in an initial convoy of 131 ships, including 97 freighters and tankers, 25 Landing Craft, and their escort of 3 Destroyers and 6 Destroyer Escorts. The ship's cargo consisted of ammunition and crated airplane engines to be unloaded at Bandar Shahpur in Iran. From there the cargo would be shipped to the U.S.S.R. via the Trans-Iranian railroad. Parts of the convoy the William Bradford sailed in left for various destinations, a large portion departing to Sicily and Italy, and other ships in a later convoy peeled off towards India. \nFrom Norfolk, the convoy sailed across the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea, through the Straights of Gibraltar and across the North African Coast, passing locations such as Oran, Tunis, Algiers, Bizerte, Malta, Cyrenica, Derma, Tobruk, and Alexandria, before stopping at Port Said at the entrance of the Suez Canal. Stopping again briefly at Suez before entering the Red Sea, the crew were not allowed shore leave on account of the Black Plague. The SS William Bradford sailed out of convoy in the Red Sea and halted at the port of Aden, where they were given only limited shore leave and were not allowed to swim due to the danger of sharks. Here they rejoined a convoy in the Arabian Sea, continuing through the Gulf of Oman to Bandar Shahpur in the Persian Gulf. \nThe weather here was extremely hot, and apparently Bandar Shahpur was considered one of the hottest places in the world. Baird was compelled to sleep on deck instead of his quarters, which were poorly ventilated due to blackout restrictions. Their ship almost ran aground in shallow water while trying to find the entrance to the port. Their cargo, unloaded by natives under U.S. Army supervision, took almost three weeks to unload, and the only source of entertainment for Baird was in the U.S. Army garrison located there. Their cargo finally unloaded, the ship stopped briefly at Bahrein Island to refuel, and then left the Persian Gulf, entering the Indian Ocean. Rounding Africa, they passed by Madagascar and eventually stopped at Durban, South Africa, and again at Capetown, South Africa for 16 days to repair their refrigeration unit. Baird was able to go ashore and see the sights in both Durban and South Africa. \nThe SS William Bradford then crossed the South Atlantic, stopping at Buenos Aires, Argentina to pick up a cargo of shelled corn. The ship then traveled north, stopping at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and Port of Spain, Trinidad. At Trinidad, Baird had to sign off and pay off an injured crew member, leaving him stranded to get back home by himself. From Trinidad, the ship traversed the Caribbean Sea out of convoy through the Windward Passage between Haiti and Cuba, traveled up the Eastern Coast starting at Florida, and finally returned to New York. \nDuring his voyage, Baird frequently writes about the weather, which for most of the voyage was relatively fair, with the exception of the extreme heat in the Red Sea, Persian Gulf, and Indian Oceans, and summer monsoons encountered in those areas. After fair weather, Baird had to catch up since it was too difficult to use a typewriter with the ship rolling in bad weather. Other than his \nPurser duties, Baird and other crew members did many things to pass the time. Baird began reading his first book, \"Men of Albermarle\", and other crew members frequently read books and magazines. The crew played games, and gambled with various games such as dice and card games like four-headed cribbage. They listened to the radio for programs from Allied Expeditionary Stations (AES) such as programs with singer Guy Lombardo, as well as news from the BBC and other broadcast sources. During their voyage the crew heard about the Fall of Rome, the D-Day Invasion of Normandy, the July assassination attempt on Hitler, and other historic events. In some ports, Baird and others were able to see movies, such as \"Wild West\", \"Bomber's Moon\", \"True to Life\", \"Swing Fever\", and \"White Savage.\" Also of note is an initiation for crew members passing south of the Equator which Baird participated in, and a V-lock style haircut that was popular among the crew. \nAlthough Baird wrote many letters to his wife, he was only able to mail three of them during his voyage. Few of the ports he stopped at had reliable mail service, and letters to and from his wife took a long time to be delivered. However, these letters survive as Baird's account of his voyage and his proof of his devotion to his wife during that time in 1944. \u003c/p\u003e"],"collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"caafc6b8db90f2f2957ce126","title_filing_ssi":"Baird, Dae D., Jr. papers","title_ssm":["Dae D. Baird, Jr. papers"],"title_tesim":["Dae D. Baird, Jr. papers"],"ead_ssi":"caafc6b8db90f2f2957ce126","unitdate_ssm":["1944-2009","Date acquired: 11/20/2009"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1944-2009"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 11/20/2009"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["09.0169","/repositories/10/resources/468"],"text":["09.0169","/repositories/10/resources/468","Dae D. Baird, Jr. papers, 1944-2009, Date acquired: 11/20/2009","Merchant marine--Egypt--History.","Merchant marine--Italy--History.","Merchant marine--Persian Gulf Region--History.","Merchant mariners--History","Merchant marine--United States","Merchant marine--Officers","Merchant mariners--United States","Merchant marine--Records and correspondence.","Merchant marine Safety regulations","World War, 1939-1945--Naval operations","This collection is open to all researchers.","Creator","Ensign Dae D. Baird, Jr. was a Merchant Marine Purser during World War II. While serving, Baird also served as the pharmacist aboard the SS William Bradford. After leaving his pregnant wife in Tennessee, Baird traveled across the ocean through the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea, and into the Persian Gulf. The SS William Bradford also took Baird into the Indian Ocean, about the coast of Africa, back towards South America, and then returned home to New York. In his letters, Baird speaks mostly of the weather; he is very vague about the actual War. He does speak in detail about the blackout regulations and the safety aboard the ship. For his services, Baird was rewarded multiple medals including: The Atlantic War Zone, The World War II, and the Mediterranean-Middle East War Zone. 50 years after the war, Baird received an award from Russia for his services in the Great Patriot War. Baird spoke at many memorials and documented many of his experiences as a Merchant Marine in articles on the War. Baird is still alive.","Note written by Hannah Shapiro","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection contains papers pertaining to Ensign Dae D. Baird, Jr. and his experiences as a Merchant Marine during World War II.The papers include photographs, letters, speeches, biographical articles, and military documents.","The Dae D. Baird, Jr. collection pertains to the service of Ensign Dae D. Baird, Jr. in the United States Merchant Marines from June 1943 until 1946, as a Purser. Consisting of copies of photographs, records of medals, and articles on the Merchant Marine and Mr. Baird's experiences during World War II, the collection provides insight into the experiences of a Merchant Mariner. In his brief account on the war, \"Unusual and Rare World War II Experiences,\" Mr. Baird describes his experiences aboard the SS William Bradford as it carried ammunition and airplane engines to Russia via the Trans-Iranian Railroad. Having traveled across the Atlantic, the Mediterranean and down the coast of Africa to Capetown, the account details the dangers onboard Merchant ships, including the need for blackouts and the use of barrage balloons. Other details discussed include Italian fleets using firewood as fuel, the emergence of the Black Plague in the city of Suez, sightings of whales and albatrosses, the conversion of ships into hospital ships, and initiations for crossing the Equator. The collection includes a photograph of three medals: the Atlantic War Zone, the Mediterranean-Middle East War Zone, and the World War II. Documentation for a medal from the Russian government shows the medal, a certificate, and a letter about the medal. The medal commemorates the fiftieth anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriot War and is for Mr. Baird's brave service. The accompanying certificate is signed by Boris Yeltsin, the Russian president at the time. Also included are copies of his Honorable Discharge certificate from the United States Coast Guard, dated August 6, 1945, and his World War II Honoree certificate. Copies of photographs show Mr. Baird in his uniform, during the war, and one at his ninetieth birthday. \nThere are two brief articles on the Merchant Marine written by Mr. Baird. The article, \"World War II, Merchant Marine Review,\" discusses the high casualty rate and involvement in the invasions of North Africa, Sicily, Salerno, Anzio, Southern France, Normandy, Iwo Jima, and Guadalcanal. The Merchant Seamen continued to be under attack by Japanese forces following \"Victory over Japan Day.\" The article includes quotes from General Douglas MacArthur and President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. The quotes exhibit the high esteem in which the two men held the Merchant Mariners for their service in \"every theater of operation\" while performing such a dangerous job for the Allies. The other article, \"More Information about the Merchant Marine,\" is about the recognition deserved by Merchant Seamen and how it took forty years for the United States government to honor their war service and grant them Veteran Status. The article also discusses the Veteran's Memorial Service and their goal to inform people on the achievements of the Merchant Mariners as the number of those who served in World War II diminishes. \nThe following letters were written by Dae D. Baird, Jr. during his voyage from May to November of 1944 on the SS William Bradford, a Liberty Ship. Baird served as a Purser in the Merchant Marine. His duties, while focusing primarily on various paperwork including port entry procedures and the ship's payroll, also included the duties of the Pharmicist's Mate, treating minor troubles for the crew such as cuts, fevers, seasickness, and constipation. As Purser, he interacted with a large percentage of the somewhat diverse Merchant Marine and U.S. Navy Armed Guard crew and remarked on his opinions of the different \ncharacters on board. The letters were written to his wife, Evelyn E. Baird, back home in Memphis, Tennessee. At the start of his voyage in May, Evelyn was pregnant with their son, and gave birth to him later during Dae Baird's voyage. For about a month Baird did not know any details of the birth, although he attempted to get information via a cablegram from the Red Cross. \nThe SS William Bradford sailed from Norfolk, Virginia in an initial convoy of 131 ships, including 97 freighters and tankers, 25 Landing Craft, and their escort of 3 Destroyers and 6 Destroyer Escorts. The ship's cargo consisted of ammunition and crated airplane engines to be unloaded at Bandar Shahpur in Iran. From there the cargo would be shipped to the U.S.S.R. via the Trans-Iranian railroad. Parts of the convoy the William Bradford sailed in left for various destinations, a large portion departing to Sicily and Italy, and other ships in a later convoy peeled off towards India. \nFrom Norfolk, the convoy sailed across the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea, through the Straights of Gibraltar and across the North African Coast, passing locations such as Oran, Tunis, Algiers, Bizerte, Malta, Cyrenica, Derma, Tobruk, and Alexandria, before stopping at Port Said at the entrance of the Suez Canal. Stopping again briefly at Suez before entering the Red Sea, the crew were not allowed shore leave on account of the Black Plague. The SS William Bradford sailed out of convoy in the Red Sea and halted at the port of Aden, where they were given only limited shore leave and were not allowed to swim due to the danger of sharks. Here they rejoined a convoy in the Arabian Sea, continuing through the Gulf of Oman to Bandar Shahpur in the Persian Gulf. \nThe weather here was extremely hot, and apparently Bandar Shahpur was considered one of the hottest places in the world. Baird was compelled to sleep on deck instead of his quarters, which were poorly ventilated due to blackout restrictions. Their ship almost ran aground in shallow water while trying to find the entrance to the port. Their cargo, unloaded by natives under U.S. Army supervision, took almost three weeks to unload, and the only source of entertainment for Baird was in the U.S. Army garrison located there. Their cargo finally unloaded, the ship stopped briefly at Bahrein Island to refuel, and then left the Persian Gulf, entering the Indian Ocean. Rounding Africa, they passed by Madagascar and eventually stopped at Durban, South Africa, and again at Capetown, South Africa for 16 days to repair their refrigeration unit. Baird was able to go ashore and see the sights in both Durban and South Africa. \nThe SS William Bradford then crossed the South Atlantic, stopping at Buenos Aires, Argentina to pick up a cargo of shelled corn. The ship then traveled north, stopping at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and Port of Spain, Trinidad. At Trinidad, Baird had to sign off and pay off an injured crew member, leaving him stranded to get back home by himself. From Trinidad, the ship traversed the Caribbean Sea out of convoy through the Windward Passage between Haiti and Cuba, traveled up the Eastern Coast starting at Florida, and finally returned to New York. \nDuring his voyage, Baird frequently writes about the weather, which for most of the voyage was relatively fair, with the exception of the extreme heat in the Red Sea, Persian Gulf, and Indian Oceans, and summer monsoons encountered in those areas. After fair weather, Baird had to catch up since it was too difficult to use a typewriter with the ship rolling in bad weather. Other than his \nPurser duties, Baird and other crew members did many things to pass the time. Baird began reading his first book, \"Men of Albermarle\", and other crew members frequently read books and magazines. The crew played games, and gambled with various games such as dice and card games like four-headed cribbage. They listened to the radio for programs from Allied Expeditionary Stations (AES) such as programs with singer Guy Lombardo, as well as news from the BBC and other broadcast sources. During their voyage the crew heard about the Fall of Rome, the D-Day Invasion of Normandy, the July assassination attempt on Hitler, and other historic events. In some ports, Baird and others were able to see movies, such as \"Wild West\", \"Bomber's Moon\", \"True to Life\", \"Swing Fever\", and \"White Savage.\" Also of note is an initiation for crew members passing south of the Equator which Baird participated in, and a V-lock style haircut that was popular among the crew. \nAlthough Baird wrote many letters to his wife, he was only able to mail three of them during his voyage. Few of the ports he stopped at had reliable mail service, and letters to and from his wife took a long time to be delivered. However, these letters survive as Baird's account of his voyage and his proof of his devotion to his wife during that time in 1944. ","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Baird, Dae D., Jr., 1918-2016","English"],"unitid_tesim":["09.0169","/repositories/10/resources/468"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1944-2009, Date acquired: 11/20/2009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dae D. Baird, Jr. papers, 1944-2009, Date acquired: 11/20/2009"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dae D. Baird, Jr. papers, 1944-2009, Date acquired: 11/20/2009"],"collection_ssim":["Dae D. Baird, Jr. papers, 1944-2009, Date acquired: 11/20/2009"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Merchant marine--Egypt--History.","Merchant marine--Italy--History.","Merchant marine--Persian Gulf Region--History."],"geogname_ssim":["Merchant marine--Egypt--History.","Merchant marine--Italy--History.","Merchant marine--Persian Gulf Region--History."],"creator_ssm":["Baird, Dae D., Jr., 1918-2016"],"creator_ssim":["Baird, Dae D., Jr., 1918-2016"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Baird, Dae D., Jr., 1918-2016"],"creators_ssim":["Baird, Dae D., Jr., 1918-2016"],"places_ssim":["Merchant marine--Egypt--History.","Merchant marine--Italy--History.","Merchant marine--Persian Gulf Region--History."],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Dae Dominic Baird Jr.","Donation"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Merchant mariners--History","Merchant marine--United States","Merchant marine--Officers","Merchant mariners--United States","Merchant marine--Records and correspondence.","Merchant marine Safety regulations","World War, 1939-1945--Naval operations"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Merchant mariners--History","Merchant marine--United States","Merchant marine--Officers","Merchant mariners--United States","Merchant marine--Records and correspondence.","Merchant marine Safety regulations","World War, 1939-1945--Naval operations"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4 folders"],"extent_tesim":["4 folders"],"date_range_isim":[1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCreator\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["Creator"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEnsign Dae D. Baird, Jr. was a Merchant Marine Purser during World War II. While serving, Baird also served as the pharmacist aboard the SS William Bradford. After leaving his pregnant wife in Tennessee, Baird traveled across the ocean through the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea, and into the Persian Gulf. The SS William Bradford also took Baird into the Indian Ocean, about the coast of Africa, back towards South America, and then returned home to New York. In his letters, Baird speaks mostly of the weather; he is very vague about the actual War. He does speak in detail about the blackout regulations and the safety aboard the ship. For his services, Baird was rewarded multiple medals including: The Atlantic War Zone, The World War II, and the Mediterranean-Middle East War Zone. 50 years after the war, Baird received an award from Russia for his services in the Great Patriot War. Baird spoke at many memorials and documented many of his experiences as a Merchant Marine in articles on the War. Baird is still alive.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Hannah Shapiro\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Ensign Dae D. Baird, Jr. was a Merchant Marine Purser during World War II. While serving, Baird also served as the pharmacist aboard the SS William Bradford. After leaving his pregnant wife in Tennessee, Baird traveled across the ocean through the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea, and into the Persian Gulf. The SS William Bradford also took Baird into the Indian Ocean, about the coast of Africa, back towards South America, and then returned home to New York. In his letters, Baird speaks mostly of the weather; he is very vague about the actual War. He does speak in detail about the blackout regulations and the safety aboard the ship. For his services, Baird was rewarded multiple medals including: The Atlantic War Zone, The World War II, and the Mediterranean-Middle East War Zone. 50 years after the war, Baird received an award from Russia for his services in the Great Patriot War. Baird spoke at many memorials and documented many of his experiences as a Merchant Marine in articles on the War. Baird is still alive.","Note written by Hannah Shapiro"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Dae D. Baird, Jr. papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_09_0169\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_09_0169\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Dae D. Baird, Jr. papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_09_0169 ."],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains papers pertaining to Ensign Dae D. Baird, Jr. and his experiences as a Merchant Marine during World War II.The papers include photographs, letters, speeches, biographical articles, and military documents.","The Dae D. Baird, Jr. collection pertains to the service of Ensign Dae D. Baird, Jr. in the United States Merchant Marines from June 1943 until 1946, as a Purser. Consisting of copies of photographs, records of medals, and articles on the Merchant Marine and Mr. Baird's experiences during World War II, the collection provides insight into the experiences of a Merchant Mariner. In his brief account on the war, \"Unusual and Rare World War II Experiences,\" Mr. Baird describes his experiences aboard the SS William Bradford as it carried ammunition and airplane engines to Russia via the Trans-Iranian Railroad. Having traveled across the Atlantic, the Mediterranean and down the coast of Africa to Capetown, the account details the dangers onboard Merchant ships, including the need for blackouts and the use of barrage balloons. Other details discussed include Italian fleets using firewood as fuel, the emergence of the Black Plague in the city of Suez, sightings of whales and albatrosses, the conversion of ships into hospital ships, and initiations for crossing the Equator. The collection includes a photograph of three medals: the Atlantic War Zone, the Mediterranean-Middle East War Zone, and the World War II. Documentation for a medal from the Russian government shows the medal, a certificate, and a letter about the medal. The medal commemorates the fiftieth anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriot War and is for Mr. Baird's brave service. The accompanying certificate is signed by Boris Yeltsin, the Russian president at the time. Also included are copies of his Honorable Discharge certificate from the United States Coast Guard, dated August 6, 1945, and his World War II Honoree certificate. Copies of photographs show Mr. Baird in his uniform, during the war, and one at his ninetieth birthday. \nThere are two brief articles on the Merchant Marine written by Mr. Baird. The article, \"World War II, Merchant Marine Review,\" discusses the high casualty rate and involvement in the invasions of North Africa, Sicily, Salerno, Anzio, Southern France, Normandy, Iwo Jima, and Guadalcanal. The Merchant Seamen continued to be under attack by Japanese forces following \"Victory over Japan Day.\" The article includes quotes from General Douglas MacArthur and President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. The quotes exhibit the high esteem in which the two men held the Merchant Mariners for their service in \"every theater of operation\" while performing such a dangerous job for the Allies. The other article, \"More Information about the Merchant Marine,\" is about the recognition deserved by Merchant Seamen and how it took forty years for the United States government to honor their war service and grant them Veteran Status. The article also discusses the Veteran's Memorial Service and their goal to inform people on the achievements of the Merchant Mariners as the number of those who served in World War II diminishes. \nThe following letters were written by Dae D. Baird, Jr. during his voyage from May to November of 1944 on the SS William Bradford, a Liberty Ship. Baird served as a Purser in the Merchant Marine. His duties, while focusing primarily on various paperwork including port entry procedures and the ship's payroll, also included the duties of the Pharmicist's Mate, treating minor troubles for the crew such as cuts, fevers, seasickness, and constipation. As Purser, he interacted with a large percentage of the somewhat diverse Merchant Marine and U.S. Navy Armed Guard crew and remarked on his opinions of the different \ncharacters on board. The letters were written to his wife, Evelyn E. Baird, back home in Memphis, Tennessee. At the start of his voyage in May, Evelyn was pregnant with their son, and gave birth to him later during Dae Baird's voyage. For about a month Baird did not know any details of the birth, although he attempted to get information via a cablegram from the Red Cross. \nThe SS William Bradford sailed from Norfolk, Virginia in an initial convoy of 131 ships, including 97 freighters and tankers, 25 Landing Craft, and their escort of 3 Destroyers and 6 Destroyer Escorts. The ship's cargo consisted of ammunition and crated airplane engines to be unloaded at Bandar Shahpur in Iran. From there the cargo would be shipped to the U.S.S.R. via the Trans-Iranian railroad. Parts of the convoy the William Bradford sailed in left for various destinations, a large portion departing to Sicily and Italy, and other ships in a later convoy peeled off towards India. \nFrom Norfolk, the convoy sailed across the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea, through the Straights of Gibraltar and across the North African Coast, passing locations such as Oran, Tunis, Algiers, Bizerte, Malta, Cyrenica, Derma, Tobruk, and Alexandria, before stopping at Port Said at the entrance of the Suez Canal. Stopping again briefly at Suez before entering the Red Sea, the crew were not allowed shore leave on account of the Black Plague. The SS William Bradford sailed out of convoy in the Red Sea and halted at the port of Aden, where they were given only limited shore leave and were not allowed to swim due to the danger of sharks. Here they rejoined a convoy in the Arabian Sea, continuing through the Gulf of Oman to Bandar Shahpur in the Persian Gulf. \nThe weather here was extremely hot, and apparently Bandar Shahpur was considered one of the hottest places in the world. Baird was compelled to sleep on deck instead of his quarters, which were poorly ventilated due to blackout restrictions. Their ship almost ran aground in shallow water while trying to find the entrance to the port. Their cargo, unloaded by natives under U.S. Army supervision, took almost three weeks to unload, and the only source of entertainment for Baird was in the U.S. Army garrison located there. Their cargo finally unloaded, the ship stopped briefly at Bahrein Island to refuel, and then left the Persian Gulf, entering the Indian Ocean. Rounding Africa, they passed by Madagascar and eventually stopped at Durban, South Africa, and again at Capetown, South Africa for 16 days to repair their refrigeration unit. Baird was able to go ashore and see the sights in both Durban and South Africa. \nThe SS William Bradford then crossed the South Atlantic, stopping at Buenos Aires, Argentina to pick up a cargo of shelled corn. The ship then traveled north, stopping at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and Port of Spain, Trinidad. At Trinidad, Baird had to sign off and pay off an injured crew member, leaving him stranded to get back home by himself. From Trinidad, the ship traversed the Caribbean Sea out of convoy through the Windward Passage between Haiti and Cuba, traveled up the Eastern Coast starting at Florida, and finally returned to New York. \nDuring his voyage, Baird frequently writes about the weather, which for most of the voyage was relatively fair, with the exception of the extreme heat in the Red Sea, Persian Gulf, and Indian Oceans, and summer monsoons encountered in those areas. After fair weather, Baird had to catch up since it was too difficult to use a typewriter with the ship rolling in bad weather. Other than his \nPurser duties, Baird and other crew members did many things to pass the time. Baird began reading his first book, \"Men of Albermarle\", and other crew members frequently read books and magazines. The crew played games, and gambled with various games such as dice and card games like four-headed cribbage. They listened to the radio for programs from Allied Expeditionary Stations (AES) such as programs with singer Guy Lombardo, as well as news from the BBC and other broadcast sources. During their voyage the crew heard about the Fall of Rome, the D-Day Invasion of Normandy, the July assassination attempt on Hitler, and other historic events. In some ports, Baird and others were able to see movies, such as \"Wild West\", \"Bomber's Moon\", \"True to Life\", \"Swing Fever\", and \"White Savage.\" Also of note is an initiation for crew members passing south of the Equator which Baird participated in, and a V-lock style haircut that was popular among the crew. \nAlthough Baird wrote many letters to his wife, he was only able to mail three of them during his voyage. Few of the ports he stopped at had reliable mail service, and letters to and from his wife took a long time to be delivered. However, these letters survive as Baird's account of his voyage and his proof of his devotion to his wife during that time in 1944. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Baird, Dae D., Jr., 1918-2016"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Baird, Dae D., Jr., 1918-2016"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":4,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"caafc6b8db90f2f2957ce126","timestamp":"2026-07-10T08:14:20.165Z","scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains papers pertaining to Ensign Dae D. Baird, Jr. and his experiences as a Merchant Marine during World War II.The papers include photographs, letters, speeches, biographical articles, and military documents.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Dae D. Baird, Jr. collection pertains to the service of Ensign Dae D. Baird, Jr. in the United States Merchant Marines from June 1943 until 1946, as a Purser. Consisting of copies of photographs, records of medals, and articles on the Merchant Marine and Mr. Baird's experiences during World War II, the collection provides insight into the experiences of a Merchant Mariner. In his brief account on the war, \"Unusual and Rare World War II Experiences,\" Mr. Baird describes his experiences aboard the SS William Bradford as it carried ammunition and airplane engines to Russia via the Trans-Iranian Railroad. Having traveled across the Atlantic, the Mediterranean and down the coast of Africa to Capetown, the account details the dangers onboard Merchant ships, including the need for blackouts and the use of barrage balloons. Other details discussed include Italian fleets using firewood as fuel, the emergence of the Black Plague in the city of Suez, sightings of whales and albatrosses, the conversion of ships into hospital ships, and initiations for crossing the Equator. The collection includes a photograph of three medals: the Atlantic War Zone, the Mediterranean-Middle East War Zone, and the World War II. Documentation for a medal from the Russian government shows the medal, a certificate, and a letter about the medal. The medal commemorates the fiftieth anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriot War and is for Mr. Baird's brave service. The accompanying certificate is signed by Boris Yeltsin, the Russian president at the time. Also included are copies of his Honorable Discharge certificate from the United States Coast Guard, dated August 6, 1945, and his World War II Honoree certificate. Copies of photographs show Mr. Baird in his uniform, during the war, and one at his ninetieth birthday. \nThere are two brief articles on the Merchant Marine written by Mr. Baird. The article, \"World War II, Merchant Marine Review,\" discusses the high casualty rate and involvement in the invasions of North Africa, Sicily, Salerno, Anzio, Southern France, Normandy, Iwo Jima, and Guadalcanal. The Merchant Seamen continued to be under attack by Japanese forces following \"Victory over Japan Day.\" The article includes quotes from General Douglas MacArthur and President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. The quotes exhibit the high esteem in which the two men held the Merchant Mariners for their service in \"every theater of operation\" while performing such a dangerous job for the Allies. The other article, \"More Information about the Merchant Marine,\" is about the recognition deserved by Merchant Seamen and how it took forty years for the United States government to honor their war service and grant them Veteran Status. The article also discusses the Veteran's Memorial Service and their goal to inform people on the achievements of the Merchant Mariners as the number of those who served in World War II diminishes. \nThe following letters were written by Dae D. Baird, Jr. during his voyage from May to November of 1944 on the SS William Bradford, a Liberty Ship. Baird served as a Purser in the Merchant Marine. His duties, while focusing primarily on various paperwork including port entry procedures and the ship's payroll, also included the duties of the Pharmicist's Mate, treating minor troubles for the crew such as cuts, fevers, seasickness, and constipation. As Purser, he interacted with a large percentage of the somewhat diverse Merchant Marine and U.S. Navy Armed Guard crew and remarked on his opinions of the different \ncharacters on board. The letters were written to his wife, Evelyn E. Baird, back home in Memphis, Tennessee. At the start of his voyage in May, Evelyn was pregnant with their son, and gave birth to him later during Dae Baird's voyage. For about a month Baird did not know any details of the birth, although he attempted to get information via a cablegram from the Red Cross. \nThe SS William Bradford sailed from Norfolk, Virginia in an initial convoy of 131 ships, including 97 freighters and tankers, 25 Landing Craft, and their escort of 3 Destroyers and 6 Destroyer Escorts. The ship's cargo consisted of ammunition and crated airplane engines to be unloaded at Bandar Shahpur in Iran. From there the cargo would be shipped to the U.S.S.R. via the Trans-Iranian railroad. Parts of the convoy the William Bradford sailed in left for various destinations, a large portion departing to Sicily and Italy, and other ships in a later convoy peeled off towards India. \nFrom Norfolk, the convoy sailed across the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea, through the Straights of Gibraltar and across the North African Coast, passing locations such as Oran, Tunis, Algiers, Bizerte, Malta, Cyrenica, Derma, Tobruk, and Alexandria, before stopping at Port Said at the entrance of the Suez Canal. Stopping again briefly at Suez before entering the Red Sea, the crew were not allowed shore leave on account of the Black Plague. The SS William Bradford sailed out of convoy in the Red Sea and halted at the port of Aden, where they were given only limited shore leave and were not allowed to swim due to the danger of sharks. Here they rejoined a convoy in the Arabian Sea, continuing through the Gulf of Oman to Bandar Shahpur in the Persian Gulf. \nThe weather here was extremely hot, and apparently Bandar Shahpur was considered one of the hottest places in the world. Baird was compelled to sleep on deck instead of his quarters, which were poorly ventilated due to blackout restrictions. Their ship almost ran aground in shallow water while trying to find the entrance to the port. Their cargo, unloaded by natives under U.S. Army supervision, took almost three weeks to unload, and the only source of entertainment for Baird was in the U.S. Army garrison located there. Their cargo finally unloaded, the ship stopped briefly at Bahrein Island to refuel, and then left the Persian Gulf, entering the Indian Ocean. Rounding Africa, they passed by Madagascar and eventually stopped at Durban, South Africa, and again at Capetown, South Africa for 16 days to repair their refrigeration unit. Baird was able to go ashore and see the sights in both Durban and South Africa. \nThe SS William Bradford then crossed the South Atlantic, stopping at Buenos Aires, Argentina to pick up a cargo of shelled corn. The ship then traveled north, stopping at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and Port of Spain, Trinidad. At Trinidad, Baird had to sign off and pay off an injured crew member, leaving him stranded to get back home by himself. From Trinidad, the ship traversed the Caribbean Sea out of convoy through the Windward Passage between Haiti and Cuba, traveled up the Eastern Coast starting at Florida, and finally returned to New York. \nDuring his voyage, Baird frequently writes about the weather, which for most of the voyage was relatively fair, with the exception of the extreme heat in the Red Sea, Persian Gulf, and Indian Oceans, and summer monsoons encountered in those areas. After fair weather, Baird had to catch up since it was too difficult to use a typewriter with the ship rolling in bad weather. Other than his \nPurser duties, Baird and other crew members did many things to pass the time. Baird began reading his first book, \"Men of Albermarle\", and other crew members frequently read books and magazines. The crew played games, and gambled with various games such as dice and card games like four-headed cribbage. They listened to the radio for programs from Allied Expeditionary Stations (AES) such as programs with singer Guy Lombardo, as well as news from the BBC and other broadcast sources. During their voyage the crew heard about the Fall of Rome, the D-Day Invasion of Normandy, the July assassination attempt on Hitler, and other historic events. In some ports, Baird and others were able to see movies, such as \"Wild West\", \"Bomber's Moon\", \"True to Life\", \"Swing Fever\", and \"White Savage.\" Also of note is an initiation for crew members passing south of the Equator which Baird participated in, and a V-lock style haircut that was popular among the crew. \nAlthough Baird wrote many letters to his wife, he was only able to mail three of them during his voyage. Few of the ports he stopped at had reliable mail service, and letters to and from his wife took a long time to be delivered. However, these letters survive as Baird's account of his voyage and his proof of his devotion to his wife during that time in 1944. \u003c/p\u003e"]}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/caafc6b8db90f2f2957ce126"}},{"id":"fc68935be80e6d2bf630694c_aspace_cc510445d594601a2695cf57d97ddade","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Daily Planner, 1976","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/fc68935be80e6d2bf630694c_aspace_cc510445d594601a2695cf57d97ddade#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_cc510445d594601a2695cf57d97ddade","ref_ssm":["aspace_cc510445d594601a2695cf57d97ddade","aspace_cc510445d594601a2695cf57d97ddade"],"id":"fc68935be80e6d2bf630694c_aspace_cc510445d594601a2695cf57d97ddade","title_filing_ssi":"Daily Planner\t","title_ssm":["Daily Planner\t"],"title_tesim":["Daily Planner\t"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1976"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1976"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Daily Planner, 1976"],"text":["Daily Planner, 1976","Esther Rolle Collection, Circa 1970-1999","Personal Papers","General papers","/repositories/2/archival_objects/375","box 15","folder 91"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["fc68935be80e6d2bf630694c","fc68935be80e6d2bf630694c_aspace_ef270c4b04f5f97bc7c2af7f4a7da3b1","fc68935be80e6d2bf630694c_aspace_f2f72a4eddc071882fe08f432ac04f26"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Esther Rolle Collection, Circa 1970-1999","Personal Papers","General papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Esther Rolle Collection, Circa 1970-1999","Personal Papers","General papers"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/2/archival_objects/375"],"repository_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Esther Rolle Collection, Circa 1970-1999"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":203,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research."],"date_range_isim":[1976],"containers_ssim":["box 15","folder 91"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#2/components#1","_nest_parent_":"fc68935be80e6d2bf630694c_aspace_f2f72a4eddc071882fe08f432ac04f26","_root_":"fc68935be80e6d2bf630694c","_version_":1870838778311999488,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T03:01:33.003Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"fc68935be80e6d2bf630694c","title_filing_ssi":"Rolle, Esther Collection ","title_ssm":["Esther Rolle Collection"],"title_tesim":["Esther Rolle Collection"],"ead_ssi":"fc68935be80e6d2bf630694c","unitdate_ssm":["Circa 1970-1999"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 1970-1999"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["AARLCC.2005.2","/repositories/2/resources/2"],"text":["AARLCC.2005.2","/repositories/2/resources/2","Esther Rolle Collection, Circa 1970-1999","Pompano Beach (Fla.)","Caribbean Americans","Actresses","Bahamian Americans","African American political activists","Collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into four series: Series I. Photographs, Series II. Awards, Series III. Personal Papers, and Series IV. Printed Materials.","Esther Rolle (1920-1998) was born in Pompano Beach, Florida to Bahamian parents Jonathan Rolle and Elizabeth Dames Rolle on November 8, 1920. Rolle was one of eighteen children. As a child, Rolle, along with her siblings, performed plays for churches and schools throughout Florida. She attended Booker T. Washington high school in Miami Beach, Florida and upon graduation attended Spelman College in Atlanta, Georgia, as well as Hunter College in New York City, New York. While in New York City, Rolle worked on the stage performing in theatrical productions on and off Broadway and became a member of the Negro Ensemble Company, a New York City based theater and workshop company. In 1955, she married Oscar Robinson, whom she divorced in 1975. Esther Rolle is known for her role as Florida Evans in the sitcoms Maude and Good Times. She also appeared in film, television and theatrical productions, including I know Why the Caged Bird Sings (1979), Cleopatra Jones (1973), the 1989 PBS televised play A Raisin in the Sun, Driving Miss Daisy (1989), How to Make an American Quilt (1995), Rosewood (1997), Down in the Delta (1998) and Train Ride (2000). Rolle won an Emmy Award for her supporting role as Ruth, in Summer of My German Soldier (1979). She also received other awards including an Image Award from the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in 1974 for best actress in a comedy for her work in Good Times. In 1987 she was inducted into the NAACP Hall of Fame and was the first woman to be honored with the NAACP Chairman's Civil Rights Leadership Award in 1990. Esther Rolle died on November 17, 1998 in Los Angeles, CA.","View a selection of digitized materials from the Esther Rolle Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives.","The Esther Rolle collection consists of photographs, awards, audio-visual, and printed materials that document the life and career of actress and dancer Esther Rolle. The collection contains materials that illustrate Esther Rolle's work in multiple films and television shows such as Good Times, P.K. and the Kid, as well as Driving Miss Daisy. The collection includes multiple awards commemorating her achievements, including the NAACP Eighth Image Award (statuette) for Best Actress In A Series (1974), the 20th Annual NAACP Image Awards 1987 Hall of Fame Award (statuette), the NAACP Image Award (statuette) 1973 Best T.V. Actress Series, and the 1978-1979 Emmy Award (statuette) for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Limited Series or a Special – Summer of My German Soldier, October 30, 1978 – NBC.","AARLCC Special Collections","English"],"unitid_tesim":["AARLCC.2005.2","/repositories/2/resources/2"],"normalized_date_ssm":["Circa 1970-1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Esther Rolle Collection, Circa 1970-1999"],"collection_title_tesim":["Esther Rolle Collection, Circa 1970-1999"],"collection_ssim":["Esther Rolle Collection, Circa 1970-1999"],"repository_ssm":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Pompano Beach (Fla.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Pompano Beach (Fla.)"],"places_ssim":["Pompano Beach (Fla.)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Kenneth and Janice Rolle donated the materials to the AARLCC Special Collections on December 15, 2005 (Accession AARLCC-2005.2). Jet magazine dated Sept. 1978 and Playbill: The Member of the Wedding, Roundabout Thatre Company, March, 1989, were purchased via vendor."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Caribbean Americans","Actresses","Bahamian Americans","African American political activists"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Caribbean Americans","Actresses","Bahamian Americans","African American political activists"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["20 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["20 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into four series: Series I. Photographs, Series II. Awards, Series III. Personal Papers, and Series IV. Printed Materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into four series: Series I. Photographs, Series II. Awards, Series III. Personal Papers, and Series IV. Printed Materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEsther Rolle (1920-1998) was born in Pompano Beach, Florida to Bahamian parents Jonathan Rolle and Elizabeth Dames Rolle on November 8, 1920. Rolle was one of eighteen children. As a child, Rolle, along with her siblings, performed plays for churches and schools throughout Florida. She attended Booker T. Washington high school in Miami Beach, Florida and upon graduation attended Spelman College in Atlanta, Georgia, as well as Hunter College in New York City, New York. While in New York City, Rolle worked on the stage performing in theatrical productions on and off Broadway and became a member of the Negro Ensemble Company, a New York City based theater and workshop company. In 1955, she married Oscar Robinson, whom she divorced in 1975. Esther Rolle is known for her role as Florida Evans in the sitcoms Maude and Good Times. She also appeared in film, television and theatrical productions, including I know Why the Caged Bird Sings (1979), Cleopatra Jones (1973), the 1989 PBS televised play A Raisin in the Sun, Driving Miss Daisy (1989), How to Make an American Quilt (1995), Rosewood (1997), Down in the Delta (1998) and Train Ride (2000). Rolle won an Emmy Award for her supporting role as Ruth, in Summer of My German Soldier (1979). She also received other awards including an Image Award from the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in 1974 for best actress in a comedy for her work in Good Times. In 1987 she was inducted into the NAACP Hall of Fame and was the first woman to be honored with the NAACP Chairman's Civil Rights Leadership Award in 1990. Esther Rolle died on November 17, 1998 in Los Angeles, CA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Esther Rolle (1920-1998) was born in Pompano Beach, Florida to Bahamian parents Jonathan Rolle and Elizabeth Dames Rolle on November 8, 1920. Rolle was one of eighteen children. As a child, Rolle, along with her siblings, performed plays for churches and schools throughout Florida. She attended Booker T. Washington high school in Miami Beach, Florida and upon graduation attended Spelman College in Atlanta, Georgia, as well as Hunter College in New York City, New York. While in New York City, Rolle worked on the stage performing in theatrical productions on and off Broadway and became a member of the Negro Ensemble Company, a New York City based theater and workshop company. In 1955, she married Oscar Robinson, whom she divorced in 1975. Esther Rolle is known for her role as Florida Evans in the sitcoms Maude and Good Times. She also appeared in film, television and theatrical productions, including I know Why the Caged Bird Sings (1979), Cleopatra Jones (1973), the 1989 PBS televised play A Raisin in the Sun, Driving Miss Daisy (1989), How to Make an American Quilt (1995), Rosewood (1997), Down in the Delta (1998) and Train Ride (2000). Rolle won an Emmy Award for her supporting role as Ruth, in Summer of My German Soldier (1979). She also received other awards including an Image Award from the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in 1974 for best actress in a comedy for her work in Good Times. In 1987 she was inducted into the NAACP Hall of Fame and was the first woman to be honored with the NAACP Chairman's Civil Rights Leadership Award in 1990. Esther Rolle died on November 17, 1998 in Los Angeles, CA."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEsther Rolle Collection, African American Research Library and Cultural Center, Broward County Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Esther Rolle Collection, African American Research Library and Cultural Center, Broward County Libraries."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://digitalarchives.broward.org/digital/collection/p16146coll16/search\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eView a selection of digitized materials from the Esther Rolle Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["View a selection of digitized materials from the Esther Rolle Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Esther Rolle collection consists of photographs, awards, audio-visual, and printed materials that document the life and career of actress and dancer Esther Rolle. The collection contains materials that illustrate Esther Rolle's work in multiple films and television shows such as Good Times, P.K. and the Kid, as well as Driving Miss Daisy. The collection includes multiple awards commemorating her achievements, including the NAACP Eighth Image Award (statuette) for Best Actress In A Series (1974), the 20th Annual NAACP Image Awards 1987 Hall of Fame Award (statuette), the NAACP Image Award (statuette) 1973 Best T.V. Actress Series, and the 1978-1979 Emmy Award (statuette) for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Limited Series or a Special \u0026#x2013; Summer of My German Soldier, October 30, 1978 \u0026#x2013; NBC.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Esther Rolle collection consists of photographs, awards, audio-visual, and printed materials that document the life and career of actress and dancer Esther Rolle. The collection contains materials that illustrate Esther Rolle's work in multiple films and television shows such as Good Times, P.K. and the Kid, as well as Driving Miss Daisy. The collection includes multiple awards commemorating her achievements, including the NAACP Eighth Image Award (statuette) for Best Actress In A Series (1974), the 20th Annual NAACP Image Awards 1987 Hall of Fame Award (statuette), the NAACP Image Award (statuette) 1973 Best T.V. 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