{"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1971\u0026page=465","prev":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1971\u0026page=464","next":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1971\u0026page=466","last":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1971\u0026page=498"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":465,"next_page":466,"prev_page":464,"total_pages":498,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":4640,"total_count":4973,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"731b674a396f199a6d388d63_aspace_e4e10815a8fa87ac9e1a5750ed66bbe5","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"United Nations, 1971","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/731b674a396f199a6d388d63_aspace_e4e10815a8fa87ac9e1a5750ed66bbe5#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_e4e10815a8fa87ac9e1a5750ed66bbe5","ref_ssm":["aspace_e4e10815a8fa87ac9e1a5750ed66bbe5","aspace_e4e10815a8fa87ac9e1a5750ed66bbe5"],"id":"731b674a396f199a6d388d63_aspace_e4e10815a8fa87ac9e1a5750ed66bbe5","title_filing_ssi":"United Nations","title_ssm":["United Nations"],"title_tesim":["United Nations"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1971"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1971"],"normalized_title_ssm":["United Nations, 1971"],"text":["United Nations, 1971","Congressman James A. Haley Collection, 1948-1977","U.S. Congressional Papers","United Nations","/repositories/2/archival_objects/29423","box 304","folder 4"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["731b674a396f199a6d388d63","731b674a396f199a6d388d63_aspace_5741d34efd25f269c0c7a777de774a22","731b674a396f199a6d388d63_aspace_b09d5629380eb307970317ea0033e077"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Congressman James A. Haley Collection, 1948-1977","U.S. Congressional Papers","United Nations"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Congressman James A. Haley Collection, 1948-1977","U.S. Congressional Papers","United Nations"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Subgroup","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/2/archival_objects/29423"],"repository_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Congressman James A. Haley Collection, 1948-1977"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":3950,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to\nunprocessed born digital materials."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The Congressman James A. Haley Papers are owned by Florida Southern College. This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by\nthe copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Please inquire if you have questions -\narchives@flsouthern.edu. ","Constituent Correspondence files are restricted from publication until 2052"],"date_range_isim":[1971],"containers_ssim":["box 304","folder 4"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#525/components#6","_nest_parent_":"731b674a396f199a6d388d63_aspace_b09d5629380eb307970317ea0033e077","_root_":"731b674a396f199a6d388d63","_version_":1875924461057736704,"timestamp":"2026-09-10T06:16:17.977Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"731b674a396f199a6d388d63","title_ssm":["Congressman James A. Haley Collection"],"title_tesim":["Congressman James A. Haley Collection"],"ead_ssi":"731b674a396f199a6d388d63","unitdate_ssm":["1948-1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1948-1977"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS1040","/repositories/2/resources/17"],"text":["MS1040","/repositories/2/resources/17","Congressman James A. Haley Collection, 1948-1977","Washington D.C.","Florida--Politics","Lakeland and Polk County Politics","United States. Congress","House of Representatives--Florida--State Legislature","Circus--management","Correspondence","Clippings","Speeches","This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to\nunprocessed born digital materials.","The materials in this collection were maintained by the subject's staff by issue and date. With some modifications allowing for clarity, they have been arranged in a similar fashion. However, you will find that individual issues may appear under multiple subject headings. For example, \"Watergate\" may\nappear under its own heading as well as under \"Richard Nixon\" or \"Nixon Administration.\" Please note that even though the files are arranged by issue, some correspondence might also be located in \"catch-all\" categories such as \"Haley Bills: Master File: 83rd Congress: 1953-1954,\"\n\"Correspondence: 19XX,\" to use but two examples.","James A. Haley, as chairman of the House Interior Committee during the 1970s, was instrumental in the creation of Big Cypress National Preserve. Franklin Adams lobbied for the establishment of the Big Cypress National Preserve along with many other environmental issues. The Franklin Adams Papers are housed at Florida International University. The Franklin Adams Collection, SPC9000, at Florida International University, Miami. ","James Andrew Haley (January 4, 1899 – August 6, 1981) was a U.S. Representative from Florida. Born in Jacksonville, Alabama, Haley attended the public schools and the University of Alabama. He served in the U.S. Army during World War I, and saw combat in France. He was an accountant in Sarasota, Florida, from 1920 to 1933 and served as general manager of the John Ringling estate from 1933 to 1943.\nOn December 4, 1942, Haley married Aubrey Ringling (née Aubrey Barlow Black), the widow of Richard T. Ringling who had died in 1931. Richard Ringling was the son of one of the original Ringling brothers. From 1943 to 1945, he was the first vice president of Ringling Circus and president and\ndirector of Ringling Brothers, Barnum \u0026 Bailey. In 1944, a fire broke out at a Ringling Circus show in Hartford, Connecticut that killed 169 persons. As a result of the fire he and five other circus officials pleaded no contest to charges of involuntary manslaughter and were sentenced to prison. He served\neight months and in 1945 was returned to Florida, where he received a pardon from Governor Millard F. Caldwell. Upon his release from prison, Haley again served as president and director for the Ringling Bros. and Barnum and Bailey Circus of Sarasota from 1946 to 1948. He engaged in newspaper publishing and\nlater in general printing business. He served as chairman of the Democratic Executive Committee of Sarasota County 1935–1952. He was elected and served as member of the Florida House of Representatives from 1949 to 1952. He was a delegate to the Democratic National Conventions in 1952, 1956, and 1960.\nHaley was elected as a Democrat to the Eighty-third and to the eleven succeeding Congresses (January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1977). He was a member of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, the Hospital Subcommittee of the Veterans Affair Committee, and the Indian Affairs Subcommittee. He served as chairman of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs (Ninety-third\nand Ninety-fourth Congresses). Haley was not a candidate for reelection to the Ninety-fifth Congress in 1976.","Haley died in Sarasota on August 6, 1981 and was interred in Boca Raton Cemetery in Boca Raton,FL. The James A. Haley Veterans Hospital located in Tampa is named for him. ","Sources: U.S. House of Representatives Official Biography and Haley Papers biographical data, 2018","The James A. Haley Papers consist of his personal and political papers. Correspondence, clippings, newsletters, photographs, congressional reports, and awards from various civic and political organizations give insight into Haley's public interests. Photographs of his wife, the Circus and political\naffiliates uncover the many facets of Haley's life. A limited amount of biographical information, including news articles about his death, reflect on how this public figure kept his private life private. Of note is the\nseries about the Hartford Circus fire. ","The Papers are arranged in five collections: Personal, Hartford Circus Fire, Political, Florida House of Representatives, and U.S. Congressional.","The Personal papers, arranged alphabetically by format, consists of calendars, correspondence, newsletters, photographs, awards and other ephemera giving a broad look into Haley's life in and out of office. A limited amount of biographical information, including news articles about his death, is included.","Haley Papers\nCorrespondence, newsletters, and awards from various civic and political organizations show the range of Haley's public interests while the invitations he accepted give a sense of the social life of a congressman in the 1950s-1970s. Congratulatory messages may give insight into who he counted\namong his political allies. The correspondence in this series, 1940-1981, the bulk of which are letters from Haley's time in the U.S. House of Representative (1953-1976) is of a general nature and may not be of a specific topic, but often must still be viewed as official. Since Haley was a public figure, the materials in this series should be viewed in the context that public figures kept their private life private.","The ephemera is mostly three-dimensional objects from Haley's office. The photographs within this series are also generally of an official nature. They are arranged by subject. Of particular note are the\nphotographs of Haley with several U.S. Presidents. Please see a digital exhibit at\nhttp://www.flsouthern.edu/library/mckay-archives/digital-exhibits/haley-presidents.aspx.","The Hartford Circus Fire collection encompasses documentation of the burning of a tent at the Ringling Bros. and Barnum \u0026 Baily Circus in Hartford, Connecticut on July 6, 1944, the loss of 150 lives, and the resulting trial. As first vice president of the Company, James A. Haley took responsibility, was found\nguilty of manslaughter, and served time in a federal prison. The documentation is comprised of, but not limited to, correspondence, news clippings, financial documents and court records. Correspondence takes the form of letters and telegrams with topics between Haley and staff and Haley and lawyers about what happened in the fire and with the trial. There are also letters to Haley while he is in jail, mostly regarding his personal health and welfare. There are extensive newspaper clippings about the fire and the trial. Corporate information includes circus routes, minutes and by-laws. The financial documents are extensive and record the financial standing of the circus, while Court Records consist of trial scripts, pleas, and scripts from the parole hearing. Anyone searching for general understanding of the events of the fire should look at the newspapers, and then the letters and telegrams.","The Political Papers collection concerns Haley's campaigns and party work. As a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, Haley was up for reelection every two years. The Campaign Files sub-series contains correspondence, government records, news articles, and other documents related to the subject's political campaigns between 1952 and 1974. Of special interest are the endorsements which how where and from whom he received his political support from.","The Democratic Party sub-collection reflects the subject's involvement with his political party. He served as a delegate to several Democratic National Conventions over the course of his career. He also took an interest in other political races throughout Florida and the nation. This series contains correspondence and newspaper articles concerning elections not specific to the subject, as well as general party information for candidates and booklets produced for the conventions.","The Florida House of Representatives collection encompass Haley's career as the State Representative for Sarasota County in the Florida House of Representatives. Haley held this office from 1948-1952. The materials are arranged in as logical order as possible. There was no discernable order prior to processing as the materials had been housed and rehoused several times since they were donated to the college. Of special note are the materials related to the Haley Committee Investigating Crime, which investigated political corruption and organized crime in the state. The collection also includes materials concerning state issues of the day, as well as issues specific to Sarasota County. Additionally, there are reference materials used by the subject in the performance of his duties. The Haley Committee on Investigating Crime sub-series contains transcripts of hearings, proceedings,\ncorrespondence, and news articles related to this committee, while the Issues sub-series is arranged Haley Papers\nalphabetically and contains correspondence, legislation, news articles, and reference material related to the respective issue. The Reference sub-series contain Florida House and Senate Bill Summaries, Legislative calendars, House and Senate Journals, and roll call votes. And, the Sarasota District subseries contain correspondence, reference materials, and news articles related specifically to that district.","The U.S. Congressional Papers, the largest collection, comprise the political aspects of Haley's US congressional career. The materials are arranged in alphabetical order created by his office. Haley held a seat representing the southwest coast and heartland of Florida from 1953-1977. The materials in this\nseries contain correspondence, articles, government documents, and photographs; they cover nearly every major issue to confront the United States during the 1950s through the 1970s. Of special note is the constituent correspondence, which are letters from citizens to Haley asking for information or help on a variety of topics. Letters and telegrams sent to Haley by citizens in his district give a sense of the\nviews of the general public concerning the issues of the era. Haley's views are expressed in his replies. The materials are arranged alphabetically by issue and date. This arrangement closely corresponds to how they were filed in the subject's office. Please note that even though the files are arranged by issue, some correspondence might also be located in \"catch-all\" categories such as \"Haley Bills: Master File: 83rd Congress: 1953-1954,\"\n\"Correspondence: 19XX,\" to use but two examples. ","The Congressman James A. Haley Papers are owned by Florida Southern College. This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by\nthe copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Please inquire if you have questions -\narchives@flsouthern.edu. ","Constituent Correspondence files are restricted from publication until 2052","The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections","Haley, James A., Congressman ","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS1040","/repositories/2/resources/17"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1948-1977"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Congressman James A. Haley Collection, 1948-1977"],"collection_title_tesim":["Congressman James A. Haley Collection, 1948-1977"],"collection_ssim":["Congressman James A. Haley Collection, 1948-1977"],"repository_ssm":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"repository_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Washington D.C."],"geogname_ssim":["Washington D.C."],"creator_ssm":["Haley, James A., Congressman "],"creator_ssim":["Haley, James A., Congressman "],"creator_persname_ssim":["Haley, James A., Congressman "],"creators_ssim":["Haley, James A., Congressman "],"places_ssim":["Washington D.C."],"access_terms_ssm":["The Congressman James A. Haley Papers are owned by Florida Southern College. This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by\nthe copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Please inquire if you have questions -\narchives@flsouthern.edu. ","Constituent Correspondence files are restricted from publication until 2052"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Florida--Politics","Lakeland and Polk County Politics","United States. Congress","House of Representatives--Florida--State Legislature","Circus--management","Correspondence","Clippings","Speeches"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Florida--Politics","Lakeland and Polk County Politics","United States. Congress","House of Representatives--Florida--State Legislature","Circus--management","Correspondence","Clippings","Speeches"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["150 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["150 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Clippings","Speeches"],"date_range_isim":[1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to\nunprocessed born digital materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to\nunprocessed born digital materials."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this collection were maintained by the subject's staff by issue and date. With some modifications allowing for clarity, they have been arranged in a similar fashion. However, you will find that individual issues may appear under multiple subject headings. For example, \"Watergate\" may\nappear under its own heading as well as under \"Richard Nixon\" or \"Nixon Administration.\" Please note that even though the files are arranged by issue, some correspondence might also be located in \"catch-all\" categories such as \"Haley Bills: Master File: 83rd Congress: 1953-1954,\"\n\"Correspondence: 19XX,\" to use but two examples.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJames A. Haley, as chairman of the House Interior Committee during the 1970s, was instrumental in the creation of Big Cypress National Preserve. Franklin Adams lobbied for the establishment of the Big Cypress National Preserve along with many other environmental issues. The Franklin Adams Papers are housed at Florida International University. The Franklin Adams Collection, SPC9000, at Florida International University, Miami. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The materials in this collection were maintained by the subject's staff by issue and date. With some modifications allowing for clarity, they have been arranged in a similar fashion. However, you will find that individual issues may appear under multiple subject headings. For example, \"Watergate\" may\nappear under its own heading as well as under \"Richard Nixon\" or \"Nixon Administration.\" Please note that even though the files are arranged by issue, some correspondence might also be located in \"catch-all\" categories such as \"Haley Bills: Master File: 83rd Congress: 1953-1954,\"\n\"Correspondence: 19XX,\" to use but two examples.","James A. Haley, as chairman of the House Interior Committee during the 1970s, was instrumental in the creation of Big Cypress National Preserve. Franklin Adams lobbied for the establishment of the Big Cypress National Preserve along with many other environmental issues. The Franklin Adams Papers are housed at Florida International University. The Franklin Adams Collection, SPC9000, at Florida International University, Miami. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Andrew Haley (January 4, 1899 \u0026#x2013; August 6, 1981) was a U.S. Representative from Florida. Born in Jacksonville, Alabama, Haley attended the public schools and the University of Alabama. He served in the U.S. Army during World War I, and saw combat in France. He was an accountant in Sarasota, Florida, from 1920 to 1933 and served as general manager of the John Ringling estate from 1933 to 1943.\nOn December 4, 1942, Haley married Aubrey Ringling (n\u0026#xE9;e Aubrey Barlow Black), the widow of Richard T. Ringling who had died in 1931. Richard Ringling was the son of one of the original Ringling brothers. From 1943 to 1945, he was the first vice president of Ringling Circus and president and\ndirector of Ringling Brothers, Barnum \u0026amp; Bailey. In 1944, a fire broke out at a Ringling Circus show in Hartford, Connecticut that killed 169 persons. As a result of the fire he and five other circus officials pleaded no contest to charges of involuntary manslaughter and were sentenced to prison. He served\neight months and in 1945 was returned to Florida, where he received a pardon from Governor Millard F. Caldwell. Upon his release from prison, Haley again served as president and director for the Ringling Bros. and Barnum and Bailey Circus of Sarasota from 1946 to 1948. He engaged in newspaper publishing and\nlater in general printing business. He served as chairman of the Democratic Executive Committee of Sarasota County 1935\u0026#x2013;1952. He was elected and served as member of the Florida House of Representatives from 1949 to 1952. He was a delegate to the Democratic National Conventions in 1952, 1956, and 1960.\nHaley was elected as a Democrat to the Eighty-third and to the eleven succeeding Congresses (January 3, 1953 \u0026#x2013; January 3, 1977). He was a member of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, the Hospital Subcommittee of the Veterans Affair Committee, and the Indian Affairs Subcommittee. He served as chairman of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs (Ninety-third\nand Ninety-fourth Congresses). Haley was not a candidate for reelection to the Ninety-fifth Congress in 1976.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHaley died in Sarasota on August 6, 1981 and was interred in Boca Raton Cemetery in Boca Raton,FL. The James A. Haley Veterans Hospital located in Tampa is named for him. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources: U.S. House of Representatives Official Biography and Haley Papers biographical data, 2018\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Andrew Haley (January 4, 1899 – August 6, 1981) was a U.S. Representative from Florida. Born in Jacksonville, Alabama, Haley attended the public schools and the University of Alabama. He served in the U.S. Army during World War I, and saw combat in France. He was an accountant in Sarasota, Florida, from 1920 to 1933 and served as general manager of the John Ringling estate from 1933 to 1943.\nOn December 4, 1942, Haley married Aubrey Ringling (née Aubrey Barlow Black), the widow of Richard T. Ringling who had died in 1931. Richard Ringling was the son of one of the original Ringling brothers. From 1943 to 1945, he was the first vice president of Ringling Circus and president and\ndirector of Ringling Brothers, Barnum \u0026 Bailey. In 1944, a fire broke out at a Ringling Circus show in Hartford, Connecticut that killed 169 persons. As a result of the fire he and five other circus officials pleaded no contest to charges of involuntary manslaughter and were sentenced to prison. He served\neight months and in 1945 was returned to Florida, where he received a pardon from Governor Millard F. Caldwell. Upon his release from prison, Haley again served as president and director for the Ringling Bros. and Barnum and Bailey Circus of Sarasota from 1946 to 1948. He engaged in newspaper publishing and\nlater in general printing business. He served as chairman of the Democratic Executive Committee of Sarasota County 1935–1952. He was elected and served as member of the Florida House of Representatives from 1949 to 1952. He was a delegate to the Democratic National Conventions in 1952, 1956, and 1960.\nHaley was elected as a Democrat to the Eighty-third and to the eleven succeeding Congresses (January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1977). He was a member of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, the Hospital Subcommittee of the Veterans Affair Committee, and the Indian Affairs Subcommittee. He served as chairman of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs (Ninety-third\nand Ninety-fourth Congresses). Haley was not a candidate for reelection to the Ninety-fifth Congress in 1976.","Haley died in Sarasota on August 6, 1981 and was interred in Boca Raton Cemetery in Boca Raton,FL. The James A. Haley Veterans Hospital located in Tampa is named for him. ","Sources: U.S. House of Representatives Official Biography and Haley Papers biographical data, 2018"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe James A. Haley Papers consist of his personal and political papers. Correspondence, clippings, newsletters, photographs, congressional reports, and awards from various civic and political organizations give insight into Haley's public interests. Photographs of his wife, the Circus and political\naffiliates uncover the many facets of Haley's life. A limited amount of biographical information, including news articles about his death, reflect on how this public figure kept his private life private. Of note is the\nseries about the Hartford Circus fire. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Papers are arranged in five collections: Personal, Hartford Circus Fire, Political, Florida House of Representatives, and U.S. Congressional.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Personal papers, arranged alphabetically by format, consists of calendars, correspondence, newsletters, photographs, awards and other ephemera giving a broad look into Haley's life in and out of office. A limited amount of biographical information, including news articles about his death, is included.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHaley Papers\nCorrespondence, newsletters, and awards from various civic and political organizations show the range of Haley's public interests while the invitations he accepted give a sense of the social life of a congressman in the 1950s-1970s. Congratulatory messages may give insight into who he counted\namong his political allies. The correspondence in this series, 1940-1981, the bulk of which are letters from Haley's time in the U.S. House of Representative (1953-1976) is of a general nature and may not be of a specific topic, but often must still be viewed as official. Since Haley was a public figure, the materials in this series should be viewed in the context that public figures kept their private life private.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe ephemera is mostly three-dimensional objects from Haley's office. The photographs within this series are also generally of an official nature. They are arranged by subject. Of particular note are the\nphotographs of Haley with several U.S. Presidents. Please see a digital exhibit at\nhttp://www.flsouthern.edu/library/mckay-archives/digital-exhibits/haley-presidents.aspx.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Hartford Circus Fire collection encompasses documentation of the burning of a tent at the Ringling Bros. and Barnum \u0026amp; Baily Circus in Hartford, Connecticut on July 6, 1944, the loss of 150 lives, and the resulting trial. As first vice president of the Company, James A. Haley took responsibility, was found\nguilty of manslaughter, and served time in a federal prison. The documentation is comprised of, but not limited to, correspondence, news clippings, financial documents and court records. Correspondence takes the form of letters and telegrams with topics between Haley and staff and Haley and lawyers about what happened in the fire and with the trial. There are also letters to Haley while he is in jail, mostly regarding his personal health and welfare. There are extensive newspaper clippings about the fire and the trial. Corporate information includes circus routes, minutes and by-laws. The financial documents are extensive and record the financial standing of the circus, while Court Records consist of trial scripts, pleas, and scripts from the parole hearing. Anyone searching for general understanding of the events of the fire should look at the newspapers, and then the letters and telegrams.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Political Papers collection concerns Haley's campaigns and party work. As a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, Haley was up for reelection every two years. The Campaign Files sub-series contains correspondence, government records, news articles, and other documents related to the subject's political campaigns between 1952 and 1974. Of special interest are the endorsements which how where and from whom he received his political support from.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Democratic Party sub-collection reflects the subject's involvement with his political party. He served as a delegate to several Democratic National Conventions over the course of his career. He also took an interest in other political races throughout Florida and the nation. This series contains correspondence and newspaper articles concerning elections not specific to the subject, as well as general party information for candidates and booklets produced for the conventions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Florida House of Representatives collection encompass Haley's career as the State Representative for Sarasota County in the Florida House of Representatives. Haley held this office from 1948-1952. The materials are arranged in as logical order as possible. There was no discernable order prior to processing as the materials had been housed and rehoused several times since they were donated to the college. Of special note are the materials related to the Haley Committee Investigating Crime, which investigated political corruption and organized crime in the state. The collection also includes materials concerning state issues of the day, as well as issues specific to Sarasota County. Additionally, there are reference materials used by the subject in the performance of his duties. The Haley Committee on Investigating Crime sub-series contains transcripts of hearings, proceedings,\ncorrespondence, and news articles related to this committee, while the Issues sub-series is arranged Haley Papers\nalphabetically and contains correspondence, legislation, news articles, and reference material related to the respective issue. The Reference sub-series contain Florida House and Senate Bill Summaries, Legislative calendars, House and Senate Journals, and roll call votes. And, the Sarasota District subseries contain correspondence, reference materials, and news articles related specifically to that district.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe U.S. Congressional Papers, the largest collection, comprise the political aspects of Haley's US congressional career. The materials are arranged in alphabetical order created by his office. Haley held a seat representing the southwest coast and heartland of Florida from 1953-1977. The materials in this\nseries contain correspondence, articles, government documents, and photographs; they cover nearly every major issue to confront the United States during the 1950s through the 1970s. Of special note is the constituent correspondence, which are letters from citizens to Haley asking for information or help on a variety of topics. Letters and telegrams sent to Haley by citizens in his district give a sense of the\nviews of the general public concerning the issues of the era. Haley's views are expressed in his replies. The materials are arranged alphabetically by issue and date. This arrangement closely corresponds to how they were filed in the subject's office. Please note that even though the files are arranged by issue, some correspondence might also be located in \"catch-all\" categories such as \"Haley Bills: Master File: 83rd Congress: 1953-1954,\"\n\"Correspondence: 19XX,\" to use but two examples. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The James A. Haley Papers consist of his personal and political papers. Correspondence, clippings, newsletters, photographs, congressional reports, and awards from various civic and political organizations give insight into Haley's public interests. Photographs of his wife, the Circus and political\naffiliates uncover the many facets of Haley's life. A limited amount of biographical information, including news articles about his death, reflect on how this public figure kept his private life private. Of note is the\nseries about the Hartford Circus fire. ","The Papers are arranged in five collections: Personal, Hartford Circus Fire, Political, Florida House of Representatives, and U.S. Congressional.","The Personal papers, arranged alphabetically by format, consists of calendars, correspondence, newsletters, photographs, awards and other ephemera giving a broad look into Haley's life in and out of office. A limited amount of biographical information, including news articles about his death, is included.","Haley Papers\nCorrespondence, newsletters, and awards from various civic and political organizations show the range of Haley's public interests while the invitations he accepted give a sense of the social life of a congressman in the 1950s-1970s. Congratulatory messages may give insight into who he counted\namong his political allies. The correspondence in this series, 1940-1981, the bulk of which are letters from Haley's time in the U.S. House of Representative (1953-1976) is of a general nature and may not be of a specific topic, but often must still be viewed as official. Since Haley was a public figure, the materials in this series should be viewed in the context that public figures kept their private life private.","The ephemera is mostly three-dimensional objects from Haley's office. The photographs within this series are also generally of an official nature. They are arranged by subject. Of particular note are the\nphotographs of Haley with several U.S. Presidents. Please see a digital exhibit at\nhttp://www.flsouthern.edu/library/mckay-archives/digital-exhibits/haley-presidents.aspx.","The Hartford Circus Fire collection encompasses documentation of the burning of a tent at the Ringling Bros. and Barnum \u0026 Baily Circus in Hartford, Connecticut on July 6, 1944, the loss of 150 lives, and the resulting trial. As first vice president of the Company, James A. Haley took responsibility, was found\nguilty of manslaughter, and served time in a federal prison. The documentation is comprised of, but not limited to, correspondence, news clippings, financial documents and court records. Correspondence takes the form of letters and telegrams with topics between Haley and staff and Haley and lawyers about what happened in the fire and with the trial. There are also letters to Haley while he is in jail, mostly regarding his personal health and welfare. There are extensive newspaper clippings about the fire and the trial. Corporate information includes circus routes, minutes and by-laws. The financial documents are extensive and record the financial standing of the circus, while Court Records consist of trial scripts, pleas, and scripts from the parole hearing. Anyone searching for general understanding of the events of the fire should look at the newspapers, and then the letters and telegrams.","The Political Papers collection concerns Haley's campaigns and party work. As a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, Haley was up for reelection every two years. The Campaign Files sub-series contains correspondence, government records, news articles, and other documents related to the subject's political campaigns between 1952 and 1974. Of special interest are the endorsements which how where and from whom he received his political support from.","The Democratic Party sub-collection reflects the subject's involvement with his political party. He served as a delegate to several Democratic National Conventions over the course of his career. He also took an interest in other political races throughout Florida and the nation. This series contains correspondence and newspaper articles concerning elections not specific to the subject, as well as general party information for candidates and booklets produced for the conventions.","The Florida House of Representatives collection encompass Haley's career as the State Representative for Sarasota County in the Florida House of Representatives. Haley held this office from 1948-1952. The materials are arranged in as logical order as possible. There was no discernable order prior to processing as the materials had been housed and rehoused several times since they were donated to the college. Of special note are the materials related to the Haley Committee Investigating Crime, which investigated political corruption and organized crime in the state. The collection also includes materials concerning state issues of the day, as well as issues specific to Sarasota County. Additionally, there are reference materials used by the subject in the performance of his duties. The Haley Committee on Investigating Crime sub-series contains transcripts of hearings, proceedings,\ncorrespondence, and news articles related to this committee, while the Issues sub-series is arranged Haley Papers\nalphabetically and contains correspondence, legislation, news articles, and reference material related to the respective issue. The Reference sub-series contain Florida House and Senate Bill Summaries, Legislative calendars, House and Senate Journals, and roll call votes. And, the Sarasota District subseries contain correspondence, reference materials, and news articles related specifically to that district.","The U.S. Congressional Papers, the largest collection, comprise the political aspects of Haley's US congressional career. The materials are arranged in alphabetical order created by his office. Haley held a seat representing the southwest coast and heartland of Florida from 1953-1977. The materials in this\nseries contain correspondence, articles, government documents, and photographs; they cover nearly every major issue to confront the United States during the 1950s through the 1970s. Of special note is the constituent correspondence, which are letters from citizens to Haley asking for information or help on a variety of topics. Letters and telegrams sent to Haley by citizens in his district give a sense of the\nviews of the general public concerning the issues of the era. Haley's views are expressed in his replies. The materials are arranged alphabetically by issue and date. This arrangement closely corresponds to how they were filed in the subject's office. Please note that even though the files are arranged by issue, some correspondence might also be located in \"catch-all\" categories such as \"Haley Bills: Master File: 83rd Congress: 1953-1954,\"\n\"Correspondence: 19XX,\" to use but two examples. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Congressman James A. Haley Papers are owned by Florida Southern College. This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by\nthe copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Please inquire if you have questions -\narchives@flsouthern.edu. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eConstituent Correspondence files are restricted from publication until 2052\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The Congressman James A. Haley Papers are owned by Florida Southern College. This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by\nthe copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Please inquire if you have questions -\narchives@flsouthern.edu. ","Constituent Correspondence files are restricted from publication until 2052"],"names_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections","Haley, James A., Congressman "],"corpname_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Haley, James A., Congressman "],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":4376,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1875924461057736704,"_root_":"731b674a396f199a6d388d63","timestamp":"2026-09-10T06:16:17.977Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/731b674a396f199a6d388d63_aspace_e4e10815a8fa87ac9e1a5750ed66bbe5"}},{"id":"2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_59255","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"United States, 1945-1980","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_59255#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_59255","ref_ssm":["aspace_59255","aspace_59255"],"id":"2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_59255","title_filing_ssi":"United States","title_ssm":["United States"],"title_tesim":["United States"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1945-1980"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1945-1980"],"normalized_title_ssm":["United States, 1945-1980"],"text":["United States, 1945-1980","Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018","Additional Materials, 1911-2018, Undated","Accession no: CFM2015_08, 1945-1989, Undated","Publications, 1945-1989, Undated","Sub-Series 3","/repositories/4/archival_objects/17405","box 6"],"component_level_isim":[4],"parent_ids_ssim":["2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d","2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_58713","2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_58714","2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_58731"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018","Additional Materials, 1911-2018, Undated","Accession no: CFM2015_08, 1945-1989, Undated","Publications, 1945-1989, Undated"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018","Additional Materials, 1911-2018, Undated","Accession no: CFM2015_08, 1945-1989, Undated","Publications, 1945-1989, Undated"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["Sub-Series 3","/repositories/4/archival_objects/17405"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":3,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":1161,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished records are protected by copyright. Permission to publish quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980],"containers_ssim":["box 6"],"_nest_path_":"/components#5/components#0/components#2/components#2","_nest_parent_":"2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_58731","_root_":"2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d","_version_":1870858035398705152,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:07:37.887Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d","title_ssm":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive"],"title_tesim":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive"],"ead_ssi":"2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d","unitdate_ssm":["1911-2018"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1911-2018"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.097","/repositories/4/resources/78"],"text":["SC.097","/repositories/4/resources/78","Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018","Denver (Colo.)","Houston (Tex.)","Philadelphia (Pa.)","Bromeliaceae","Botany","Plant hybridization","Botanical gardens -- Florida -- Orlando","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","The entire collection is open for research.","For many years, the bromeliad co-existed with the human, floral and animal inhabitants of the lush, tropical environment of the America. Each took advantage of what the other had to offer. Bromeliad history tells us that Christopher Columbus sailed the ocean blue and bumped into a new world. With his boat filled with goodies from the tropics, Columbus sailed the ocean again and managed to bump into his homeland, Spain. His Queen sent him back to the new world, and on his return trip he took a vicious looking plant with long, spiny leaves and a luscious sweet fruit growing from the center of the leaves. Christopher brought his Queen a pineapple. The first bromeliad to leave the new world.","Other adventures and explorers followed and returned to their homeland with wonders never seen before. Some of the wonders were tropical plants and many of them became known as bromeliads. Thus, the Bromeliacea family was described; and slowly over the years, its popularity invaded the United States. Bromeliad Society began in 1948 when Mr. Joseph Schneider of San Gabrial, California asked the organizer of Round Robins for the Flower Grower if she could get a group together who were interested in bromeliads. She placed a call for members of her Round Robin which brought an immediate response from Miss Victoria Padilla and Mrs. Sue Hutchinson who were soon followed by seven others, and they in turn brought four more. This group formed a Round Robin, exchanging their experiences with bromeliads by correspondence with one another for approximately two years. In the spring of 1950, a call was sent out to all members of the Round Robin, and others interested in bromeliads to attend a pot luck dinner at the home of Mrs. Doroth Behrends in Los Angeles, California on May 21st to discuss the suggestion made by Mr. Schneider that a Bromeliad Society be organized. There were fourteen enthusiastic bromeliad people in attendance. The meeting was called to order by Victoria Padilla. It was decided to hold an organizational meeting the following September.","The September 17, 1950 meeting was held on a Sunday afternoon in the home of Mr. and Mrs. Frank Overton in Glendale, California. Twenty one prospective members attended, with a surprise guest, Mr. Mulford Foster of Orlando, Florida. This group organized not just a local society, but an international society for the benefit of bromeliad enthusiasts all over the world. The first officers elected were: President, Mulford Foster; First Vice President, David Barry, Jr.; Second Vice President, Russell J. Seibert; Secretary, Victoria Padilla, and Treasurer, Frank H. Overton. In addition to the officers, Lyman B. Smith, H. B. Trau, Elmer J. Lorenz and Morris Schick were asked to serve on the Board of Directors. A Board of Honorary Trustees was elected, all of them from different countries.","This meeting was a fire of enthusiasm. In a very short time, the membership grew from less than thirty local Californians to an international group of nearly 100 charter members, representing the following countries; Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Canal Zone, Costa Rica, France, Great Britain, New Zealand and the United States. First year was used to establish By-laws, goals, to build a membership and a treasury. The first Life Member of this new Society was Franklin M. DeVoe of Gulf Hammock, Florida. In January 1951, less than a year later, President Mulford Foster because editor of the The Bromeliad Society Bulletin, a bi-monthly publication to be sent to all members. Annual dues for membership remained $3.50 until March-April 1963 when the dues were increased to $4.00.","In November 1951, a local group organized The Southern California Bromeliad Society and became the first Affiliate of The Bromeliad Society. Early in 1953, The Bromeliad Society announced that it had been duly incorporated under the laws of the State of California as a non-profit organization. The March-April 1954 issue of The Bromeliad Society Bulletin announced that The Louisiana Bromeliad Society had applied for affiliation with The Bromeliad Society. December 1955 Bulletin, acknowledged the third affiliate, The Florida West Coast Bromeliad Society, and in the May-June 1959 Bulletin, The South Florida Bromeliad Society was established with Nat DeLeon President.","In the ten year period, The Bromeliad Society had grown to a membership of over 400, 100 of which were members living in countries other than the United States. In the United States, three states led in membership and activity: Florida (90 members), California (80 members) and Louisiana (30 members). There were four Affiliates, 2 in Florida, one in California, and one in Louisiana.","In the ensuing years The Bromeliad Society followed the rugged path of progress. Victoria Padilla became Editor of The Bromeliad Society Bulletin, and color pictures were introduced in 1960. In 1964, all cover pictures of the Bulletin were presented in color. In 1971, The Bromeliad Society Bulletin was given a new name, Journal of the Bromeliad Society. Victoria Padilla continued as Editor. In 1970, plans were made for a 20th Birthday celebration to be held in Southern California and hosted by the five Affiliates in the Los Angeles area. It was to feature an \"all bromeliad show\". This celebration led to future Bromeliad World Conferences. The Bromeliad Society has sponsored and funded many exceptional improvements to the future of bromeliads, and strives to ever improve the knowledge and appreciation of bromeliads for its members and the general public.","List of past Bromeliad World Conferences:","\n1972 Houston, Texas - First acknowledged Bromeliad Conference","\n1975 25th Anniversary Celebration, Buena Park, California","\n1977 New Orleans, Louisiana","\n1980 Orlando, Florida - 30th Birthday celebration","\n1982 Corpus Christi, Texas - \"Bromeliaceae Ole\"","\n1984 Los Angeles, California - \"Bromelympics\"","\n1986 New Orleans, Louisiana - \"One Mo' Time\"","\n1988 Miami, Florida - \"Miami Magic\"","\n1990 Houston, Texas - Bromeliads in Space\"","\n1992 Tampa, Florida - \"Bromeliad Safari\"","\n1994 San Diego, California - \"Bromeliads in Paradise\"","\n1996 Orlando, Florida - \"Orlandiana '96\"","\n1998 Houston, Texas - \"Bromeliad Roundup\"","\n2000 San Francisco, California - \"50th Birthday Celebration\"","\n2002 St. Petersburg, Florida - \"Bromeliad Beach Party\"","\n2004 Chicago, Illinois","\n2006 San Diego, California - \"Bromeliads on the Border\"","\n2008 Cairns, Australia - \"Bromeliads Down Under\"","\n2010 New Orleans, Louisiana - \"Bromeliads in the Big Easy\"","2012 Orlando, Florida - \"Orlandiana '12\"","\n2014 Honolulu, Hawaii - \"Bromeliads in Paradise\"","\n2018 San Diego, California - \"Fiesta de las Bromelias\"","Collection processed by Suphi Burak Ogreten; finding aid prepared by Suphi Burak Ogreten. Materials were arranged in chronological order and then placed in pH neutral folders and boxes. Fragile and high use items were placed in polyester sleeves.","The Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection . Collector, Michael A. Spencer amassed this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented in this fine collection.","The Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead , who was a horticulturist and owned an orange grove in Eustis, Florida and developed a property in Oviedo, Florida to research and hybridize plants. The collection contains Mead's notebook and family correspondence, together with a brochure and news clipping about the founding of Mead Gardens in Winter Park, Florida.","Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally . Nally grew bromeliads and other plants on the property that had once belonged to Henry Nehrling at Gotha, Florida. This collection documents both his work at the property and his personal life.","Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling . These materials were collected by Michael Spencer because of his interest in botany and his links with Central Florida. Of particular interest are Nehrling's notebooks, correspondence, photographs and plant labels. The collection also contains a few materials, which belonged to Mr. Spencer concerning the attempts to save Nehrling's Palm Cottage Gardens.","Henry Nehrling Papers . Henry Nehrling was a horticulturist famous for his gardens in Gotha and Naples, Florida. These papers are primarily manuscripts of his articles in the American Eagle and other writings about plants. They include a few news clippings, plant lists, correspondence and other documentation of a business and personal nature.","Archival Collection of Dr. Henry H. Nehrling from the Collection of Michael D. Kahn . These materials were in the possession of Betty Pooler Mitchell Nehrling, Henry Nehrling's second wife. The collection consists of letters, documents, photographs, postcards and monographs which provides insight into the familial and financial affairs of the Nehrling Gardens. It also offers a look at Henry Nehrling during the tumultuous years of Florida's boom and bust, and a glimpse of his failing physical and mental state while he sought refuge in a quiet communal colony in Southwest Florida.","Bromeliad Society International","Affiliated Societies of Bromeliad Society International","Florida Council of Affiliated Societies","Series I: Records, 1953-2006, contains biographies of Bromeliad Society International members and collected materials on conferences \u0026 symposiums, manuscripts, and various correspondence. Series also holds organizational files such as the minutes of the general meeting and the meeting of the board of directors, bylaws \u0026 standing rules of the Bromeliad Society, annual reports, financial statements, and affiliate shows committee reports.","\nSeries II: Plants, 1942-2003, includes documents that pertain to the registration of cultivar names. Applications for registration of Bromeliad are arranged in alphabetical order first by genus then proposed name. Some of the registrations may contain sample images along with the applications either in print or slide format. Series also holds one folder of articles and clippings related to Bromeliad which are collected by Bromeliad Society International members.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1951-2006, holds bromeliad publications from Australia, Brazil, Canada, Czech Republic, Mexico, Switzerland, and United States. Publications are arranged in alphabetical order by country, and then arranged in chronological order.","\nSeries IV: Photographs, 1949-2001, in three sub-series; Plants, People, and Digital Files. Most of the bromeliad cultivar photographs and registrar's files are stored in either floppy discs or CD-ROMs. Only one folder contains photographs of Bromeliad Society International members; such as Mulford B. Foster, Ella Kelly and Victoria Padilla.","\nSeries V: Memorabilia, 1980-2004, includes Bromeliad Society International pins and posters that were issued for the World Bromeliad Conferences. A number of posters are signed and numbered by the artists, such as John Barbie Jr. and Steve Littlefield.","\nSeries VI: Additional Materials, 1911-2018, This series holds additional materials received from the Bromeliad Society International (BSI) in 2015, 2016, 2018, and 2022. Some of these materials include a World Bromeliad Conference '72 schedule events and a letter sent out to BSI members from the chair, Patrick Mitchell; a manuscript called \"Bromeliad Hybrids and Cultivars\" compiled by Brian Smith in 1984; \"A Preliminary Listing of All Known Cultivar and Grex Names for the Bromeliaceae\" created by Bromeliad Society, Inc. and arranged by Don A. Beadle, includes named and unnamed grexes, names of collectors, hybridizers, developers, references, and dates; \"First tentative Listing of Bromeliad Cultivars\" prepared by Brian Smith in 1989; four copper color separations for one print; and various publications from Australia, New Zealand, and the United States.","Unpublished records are protected by copyright. Permission to publish quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","The Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive consists of historical materials, including photographs related to cultivation of bromeliads; field notes related to the collection of bromeliads in the wild; list of plant entries in judged bromeliad shows; incoming and outgoing correspondence from early bromeliad growers; biographies; administrative records of the BSI such as, copyright registrations, copies of meeting minutes, annual reports, and bylaws; BSI publications; and ephemera, including posters and pins. The purpose of the BSI is to promote and maintain public and scientific interest in the research, development, preservation, and distribution of bromeliads, both natural and hybrid, throughout the world.","UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society International","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC.097","/repositories/4/resources/78"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1911-2018"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018"],"collection_ssim":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Denver (Colo.)","Houston (Tex.)","Philadelphia (Pa.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Denver (Colo.)","Houston (Tex.)","Philadelphia (Pa.)"],"places_ssim":["Denver (Colo.)","Houston (Tex.)","Philadelphia (Pa.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished records are protected by copyright. Permission to publish quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives Department acquired these materials from Jay Thurrott in 2014 (CFM2014_04). Additional materials were donated in 2015 (CFM2015_08), 2016 (CFM2016_06), 2018 (CFM2018_11) and 2022 (CFM2022_17)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Bromeliaceae","Botany","Plant hybridization","Botanical gardens -- Florida -- Orlando","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Bromeliaceae","Botany","Plant hybridization","Botanical gardens -- Florida -- Orlando","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13 Linear Feet 27 Boxes, 1 Flat File, 1 Flat Box"],"extent_tesim":["13 Linear Feet 27 Boxes, 1 Flat File, 1 Flat Box"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographic prints","slides (photographs)","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)"],"date_range_isim":[1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFor many years, the bromeliad co-existed with the human, floral and animal inhabitants of the lush, tropical environment of the America. Each took advantage of what the other had to offer. Bromeliad history tells us that Christopher Columbus sailed the ocean blue and bumped into a new world. With his boat filled with goodies from the tropics, Columbus sailed the ocean again and managed to bump into his homeland, Spain. His Queen sent him back to the new world, and on his return trip he took a vicious looking plant with long, spiny leaves and a luscious sweet fruit growing from the center of the leaves. Christopher brought his Queen a pineapple. The first bromeliad to leave the new world.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther adventures and explorers followed and returned to their homeland with wonders never seen before. Some of the wonders were tropical plants and many of them became known as bromeliads. Thus, the Bromeliacea family was described; and slowly over the years, its popularity invaded the United States. Bromeliad Society began in 1948 when Mr. Joseph Schneider of San Gabrial, California asked the organizer of Round Robins for the Flower Grower if she could get a group together who were interested in bromeliads. She placed a call for members of her Round Robin which brought an immediate response from Miss Victoria Padilla and Mrs. Sue Hutchinson who were soon followed by seven others, and they in turn brought four more. This group formed a Round Robin, exchanging their experiences with bromeliads by correspondence with one another for approximately two years. In the spring of 1950, a call was sent out to all members of the Round Robin, and others interested in bromeliads to attend a pot luck dinner at the home of Mrs. Doroth Behrends in Los Angeles, California on May 21st to discuss the suggestion made by Mr. Schneider that a Bromeliad Society be organized. There were fourteen enthusiastic bromeliad people in attendance. The meeting was called to order by Victoria Padilla. It was decided to hold an organizational meeting the following September.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe September 17, 1950 meeting was held on a Sunday afternoon in the home of Mr. and Mrs. Frank Overton in Glendale, California. Twenty one prospective members attended, with a surprise guest, Mr. Mulford Foster of Orlando, Florida. This group organized not just a local society, but an international society for the benefit of bromeliad enthusiasts all over the world. The first officers elected were: President, Mulford Foster; First Vice President, David Barry, Jr.; Second Vice President, Russell J. Seibert; Secretary, Victoria Padilla, and Treasurer, Frank H. Overton. In addition to the officers, Lyman B. Smith, H. B. Trau, Elmer J. Lorenz and Morris Schick were asked to serve on the Board of Directors. A Board of Honorary Trustees was elected, all of them from different countries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis meeting was a fire of enthusiasm. In a very short time, the membership grew from less than thirty local Californians to an international group of nearly 100 charter members, representing the following countries; Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Canal Zone, Costa Rica, France, Great Britain, New Zealand and the United States. First year was used to establish By-laws, goals, to build a membership and a treasury. The first Life Member of this new Society was Franklin M. DeVoe of Gulf Hammock, Florida. In January 1951, less than a year later, President Mulford Foster because editor of the The Bromeliad Society Bulletin, a bi-monthly publication to be sent to all members. Annual dues for membership remained $3.50 until March-April 1963 when the dues were increased to $4.00.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn November 1951, a local group organized The Southern California Bromeliad Society and became the first Affiliate of The Bromeliad Society. Early in 1953, The Bromeliad Society announced that it had been duly incorporated under the laws of the State of California as a non-profit organization. The March-April 1954 issue of The Bromeliad Society Bulletin announced that The Louisiana Bromeliad Society had applied for affiliation with The Bromeliad Society. December 1955 Bulletin, acknowledged the third affiliate, The Florida West Coast Bromeliad Society, and in the May-June 1959 Bulletin, The South Florida Bromeliad Society was established with Nat DeLeon President.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the ten year period, The Bromeliad Society had grown to a membership of over 400, 100 of which were members living in countries other than the United States. In the United States, three states led in membership and activity: Florida (90 members), California (80 members) and Louisiana (30 members). There were four Affiliates, 2 in Florida, one in California, and one in Louisiana.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the ensuing years The Bromeliad Society followed the rugged path of progress. Victoria Padilla became Editor of The Bromeliad Society Bulletin, and color pictures were introduced in 1960. In 1964, all cover pictures of the Bulletin were presented in color. In 1971, The Bromeliad Society Bulletin was given a new name, Journal of the Bromeliad Society. Victoria Padilla continued as Editor. In 1970, plans were made for a 20th Birthday celebration to be held in Southern California and hosted by the five Affiliates in the Los Angeles area. It was to feature an \"all bromeliad show\". This celebration led to future Bromeliad World Conferences. The Bromeliad Society has sponsored and funded many exceptional improvements to the future of bromeliads, and strives to ever improve the knowledge and appreciation of bromeliads for its members and the general public.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eList of past Bromeliad World Conferences:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1972 Houston, Texas - First acknowledged Bromeliad Conference\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1975 25th Anniversary Celebration, Buena Park, California\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1977 New Orleans, Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1980 Orlando, Florida - 30th Birthday celebration\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1982 Corpus Christi, Texas - \"Bromeliaceae Ole\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1984 Los Angeles, California - \"Bromelympics\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1986 New Orleans, Louisiana - \"One Mo' Time\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1988 Miami, Florida - \"Miami Magic\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1990 Houston, Texas - Bromeliads in Space\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1992 Tampa, Florida - \"Bromeliad Safari\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1994 San Diego, California - \"Bromeliads in Paradise\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1996 Orlando, Florida - \"Orlandiana '96\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1998 Houston, Texas - \"Bromeliad Roundup\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2000 San Francisco, California - \"50th Birthday Celebration\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2002 St. Petersburg, Florida - \"Bromeliad Beach Party\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2004 Chicago, Illinois\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2006 San Diego, California - \"Bromeliads on the Border\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2008 Cairns, Australia - \"Bromeliads Down Under\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2010 New Orleans, Louisiana - \"Bromeliads in the Big Easy\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2012 Orlando, Florida - \"Orlandiana '12\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2014 Honolulu, Hawaii - \"Bromeliads in Paradise\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2018 San Diego, California - \"Fiesta de las Bromelias\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["For many years, the bromeliad co-existed with the human, floral and animal inhabitants of the lush, tropical environment of the America. Each took advantage of what the other had to offer. Bromeliad history tells us that Christopher Columbus sailed the ocean blue and bumped into a new world. With his boat filled with goodies from the tropics, Columbus sailed the ocean again and managed to bump into his homeland, Spain. His Queen sent him back to the new world, and on his return trip he took a vicious looking plant with long, spiny leaves and a luscious sweet fruit growing from the center of the leaves. Christopher brought his Queen a pineapple. The first bromeliad to leave the new world.","Other adventures and explorers followed and returned to their homeland with wonders never seen before. Some of the wonders were tropical plants and many of them became known as bromeliads. Thus, the Bromeliacea family was described; and slowly over the years, its popularity invaded the United States. Bromeliad Society began in 1948 when Mr. Joseph Schneider of San Gabrial, California asked the organizer of Round Robins for the Flower Grower if she could get a group together who were interested in bromeliads. She placed a call for members of her Round Robin which brought an immediate response from Miss Victoria Padilla and Mrs. Sue Hutchinson who were soon followed by seven others, and they in turn brought four more. This group formed a Round Robin, exchanging their experiences with bromeliads by correspondence with one another for approximately two years. In the spring of 1950, a call was sent out to all members of the Round Robin, and others interested in bromeliads to attend a pot luck dinner at the home of Mrs. Doroth Behrends in Los Angeles, California on May 21st to discuss the suggestion made by Mr. Schneider that a Bromeliad Society be organized. There were fourteen enthusiastic bromeliad people in attendance. The meeting was called to order by Victoria Padilla. It was decided to hold an organizational meeting the following September.","The September 17, 1950 meeting was held on a Sunday afternoon in the home of Mr. and Mrs. Frank Overton in Glendale, California. Twenty one prospective members attended, with a surprise guest, Mr. Mulford Foster of Orlando, Florida. This group organized not just a local society, but an international society for the benefit of bromeliad enthusiasts all over the world. The first officers elected were: President, Mulford Foster; First Vice President, David Barry, Jr.; Second Vice President, Russell J. Seibert; Secretary, Victoria Padilla, and Treasurer, Frank H. Overton. In addition to the officers, Lyman B. Smith, H. B. Trau, Elmer J. Lorenz and Morris Schick were asked to serve on the Board of Directors. A Board of Honorary Trustees was elected, all of them from different countries.","This meeting was a fire of enthusiasm. In a very short time, the membership grew from less than thirty local Californians to an international group of nearly 100 charter members, representing the following countries; Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Canal Zone, Costa Rica, France, Great Britain, New Zealand and the United States. First year was used to establish By-laws, goals, to build a membership and a treasury. The first Life Member of this new Society was Franklin M. DeVoe of Gulf Hammock, Florida. In January 1951, less than a year later, President Mulford Foster because editor of the The Bromeliad Society Bulletin, a bi-monthly publication to be sent to all members. Annual dues for membership remained $3.50 until March-April 1963 when the dues were increased to $4.00.","In November 1951, a local group organized The Southern California Bromeliad Society and became the first Affiliate of The Bromeliad Society. Early in 1953, The Bromeliad Society announced that it had been duly incorporated under the laws of the State of California as a non-profit organization. The March-April 1954 issue of The Bromeliad Society Bulletin announced that The Louisiana Bromeliad Society had applied for affiliation with The Bromeliad Society. December 1955 Bulletin, acknowledged the third affiliate, The Florida West Coast Bromeliad Society, and in the May-June 1959 Bulletin, The South Florida Bromeliad Society was established with Nat DeLeon President.","In the ten year period, The Bromeliad Society had grown to a membership of over 400, 100 of which were members living in countries other than the United States. In the United States, three states led in membership and activity: Florida (90 members), California (80 members) and Louisiana (30 members). There were four Affiliates, 2 in Florida, one in California, and one in Louisiana.","In the ensuing years The Bromeliad Society followed the rugged path of progress. Victoria Padilla became Editor of The Bromeliad Society Bulletin, and color pictures were introduced in 1960. In 1964, all cover pictures of the Bulletin were presented in color. In 1971, The Bromeliad Society Bulletin was given a new name, Journal of the Bromeliad Society. Victoria Padilla continued as Editor. In 1970, plans were made for a 20th Birthday celebration to be held in Southern California and hosted by the five Affiliates in the Los Angeles area. It was to feature an \"all bromeliad show\". This celebration led to future Bromeliad World Conferences. The Bromeliad Society has sponsored and funded many exceptional improvements to the future of bromeliads, and strives to ever improve the knowledge and appreciation of bromeliads for its members and the general public.","List of past Bromeliad World Conferences:","\n1972 Houston, Texas - First acknowledged Bromeliad Conference","\n1975 25th Anniversary Celebration, Buena Park, California","\n1977 New Orleans, Louisiana","\n1980 Orlando, Florida - 30th Birthday celebration","\n1982 Corpus Christi, Texas - \"Bromeliaceae Ole\"","\n1984 Los Angeles, California - \"Bromelympics\"","\n1986 New Orleans, Louisiana - \"One Mo' Time\"","\n1988 Miami, Florida - \"Miami Magic\"","\n1990 Houston, Texas - Bromeliads in Space\"","\n1992 Tampa, Florida - \"Bromeliad Safari\"","\n1994 San Diego, California - \"Bromeliads in Paradise\"","\n1996 Orlando, Florida - \"Orlandiana '96\"","\n1998 Houston, Texas - \"Bromeliad Roundup\"","\n2000 San Francisco, California - \"50th Birthday Celebration\"","\n2002 St. Petersburg, Florida - \"Bromeliad Beach Party\"","\n2004 Chicago, Illinois","\n2006 San Diego, California - \"Bromeliads on the Border\"","\n2008 Cairns, Australia - \"Bromeliads Down Under\"","\n2010 New Orleans, Louisiana - \"Bromeliads in the Big Easy\"","2012 Orlando, Florida - \"Orlandiana '12\"","\n2014 Honolulu, Hawaii - \"Bromeliads in Paradise\"","\n2018 San Diego, California - \"Fiesta de las Bromelias\""],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBromeliad Society International Archive, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Bromeliad Society International Archive, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection processed by Suphi Burak Ogreten; finding aid prepared by Suphi Burak Ogreten. Materials were arranged in chronological order and then placed in pH neutral folders and boxes. Fragile and high use items were placed in polyester sleeves.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Collection processed by Suphi Burak Ogreten; finding aid prepared by Suphi Burak Ogreten. Materials were arranged in chronological order and then placed in pH neutral folders and boxes. Fragile and high use items were placed in polyester sleeves."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-09\"\u003eThe Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection\u003c/extref\u003e. Collector, Michael A. Spencer amassed this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented in this fine collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08b\"\u003eThe Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead\u003c/extref\u003e, who was a horticulturist and owned an orange grove in Eustis, Florida and developed a property in Oviedo, Florida to research and hybridize plants. The collection contains Mead's notebook and family correspondence, together with a brochure and news clipping about the founding of Mead Gardens in Winter Park, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08c\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally\u003c/extref\u003e. Nally grew bromeliads and other plants on the property that had once belonged to Henry Nehrling at Gotha, Florida. This collection documents both his work at the property and his personal life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08a\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling\u003c/extref\u003e. These materials were collected by Michael Spencer because of his interest in botany and his links with Central Florida. Of particular interest are Nehrling's notebooks, correspondence, photographs and plant labels. The collection also contains a few materials, which belonged to Mr. Spencer concerning the attempts to save Nehrling's Palm Cottage Gardens.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM1999-03\"\u003eHenry Nehrling Papers\u003c/extref\u003e. Henry Nehrling was a horticulturist famous for his gardens in Gotha and Naples, Florida. These papers are primarily manuscripts of his articles in the American Eagle and other writings about plants. They include a few news clippings, plant lists, correspondence and other documentation of a business and personal nature.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2014-09\"\u003eArchival Collection of Dr. Henry H. Nehrling from the Collection of Michael D. Kahn\u003c/extref\u003e. These materials were in the possession of Betty Pooler Mitchell Nehrling, Henry Nehrling's second wife. The collection consists of letters, documents, photographs, postcards and monographs which provides insight into the familial and financial affairs of the Nehrling Gardens. It also offers a look at Henry Nehrling during the tumultuous years of Florida's boom and bust, and a glimpse of his failing physical and mental state while he sought refuge in a quiet communal colony in Southwest Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://www.bsi.org/new/\"\u003eBromeliad Society International\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://www.bsi.org/bsi_info/affiliates/?bylocation\"\u003eAffiliated Societies of Bromeliad Society International\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://www.fcbs.org\"\u003eFlorida Council of Affiliated Societies\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection . Collector, Michael A. Spencer amassed this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented in this fine collection.","The Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead , who was a horticulturist and owned an orange grove in Eustis, Florida and developed a property in Oviedo, Florida to research and hybridize plants. The collection contains Mead's notebook and family correspondence, together with a brochure and news clipping about the founding of Mead Gardens in Winter Park, Florida.","Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally . Nally grew bromeliads and other plants on the property that had once belonged to Henry Nehrling at Gotha, Florida. This collection documents both his work at the property and his personal life.","Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling . These materials were collected by Michael Spencer because of his interest in botany and his links with Central Florida. Of particular interest are Nehrling's notebooks, correspondence, photographs and plant labels. The collection also contains a few materials, which belonged to Mr. Spencer concerning the attempts to save Nehrling's Palm Cottage Gardens.","Henry Nehrling Papers . Henry Nehrling was a horticulturist famous for his gardens in Gotha and Naples, Florida. These papers are primarily manuscripts of his articles in the American Eagle and other writings about plants. They include a few news clippings, plant lists, correspondence and other documentation of a business and personal nature.","Archival Collection of Dr. Henry H. Nehrling from the Collection of Michael D. Kahn . These materials were in the possession of Betty Pooler Mitchell Nehrling, Henry Nehrling's second wife. The collection consists of letters, documents, photographs, postcards and monographs which provides insight into the familial and financial affairs of the Nehrling Gardens. It also offers a look at Henry Nehrling during the tumultuous years of Florida's boom and bust, and a glimpse of his failing physical and mental state while he sought refuge in a quiet communal colony in Southwest Florida.","Bromeliad Society International","Affiliated Societies of Bromeliad Society International","Florida Council of Affiliated Societies"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Records, 1953-2006, contains biographies of Bromeliad Society International members and collected materials on conferences \u0026amp; symposiums, manuscripts, and various correspondence. Series also holds organizational files such as the minutes of the general meeting and the meeting of the board of directors, bylaws \u0026amp; standing rules of the Bromeliad Society, annual reports, financial statements, and affiliate shows committee reports.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Plants, 1942-2003, includes documents that pertain to the registration of cultivar names. Applications for registration of Bromeliad are arranged in alphabetical order first by genus then proposed name. Some of the registrations may contain sample images along with the applications either in print or slide format. Series also holds one folder of articles and clippings related to Bromeliad which are collected by Bromeliad Society International members.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Publications, 1951-2006, holds bromeliad publications from Australia, Brazil, Canada, Czech Republic, Mexico, Switzerland, and United States. Publications are arranged in alphabetical order by country, and then arranged in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Photographs, 1949-2001, in three sub-series; Plants, People, and Digital Files. Most of the bromeliad cultivar photographs and registrar's files are stored in either floppy discs or CD-ROMs. Only one folder contains photographs of Bromeliad Society International members; such as Mulford B. Foster, Ella Kelly and Victoria Padilla.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Memorabilia, 1980-2004, includes Bromeliad Society International pins and posters that were issued for the World Bromeliad Conferences. A number of posters are signed and numbered by the artists, such as John Barbie Jr. and Steve Littlefield.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Additional Materials, 1911-2018, This series holds additional materials received from the Bromeliad Society International (BSI) in 2015, 2016, 2018, and 2022. Some of these materials include a World Bromeliad Conference '72 schedule events and a letter sent out to BSI members from the chair, Patrick Mitchell; a manuscript called \"Bromeliad Hybrids and Cultivars\" compiled by Brian Smith in 1984; \"A Preliminary Listing of All Known Cultivar and Grex Names for the Bromeliaceae\" created by Bromeliad Society, Inc. and arranged by Don A. Beadle, includes named and unnamed grexes, names of collectors, hybridizers, developers, references, and dates; \"First tentative Listing of Bromeliad Cultivars\" prepared by Brian Smith in 1989; four copper color separations for one print; and various publications from Australia, New Zealand, and the United States.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series I: Records, 1953-2006, contains biographies of Bromeliad Society International members and collected materials on conferences \u0026 symposiums, manuscripts, and various correspondence. Series also holds organizational files such as the minutes of the general meeting and the meeting of the board of directors, bylaws \u0026 standing rules of the Bromeliad Society, annual reports, financial statements, and affiliate shows committee reports.","\nSeries II: Plants, 1942-2003, includes documents that pertain to the registration of cultivar names. Applications for registration of Bromeliad are arranged in alphabetical order first by genus then proposed name. Some of the registrations may contain sample images along with the applications either in print or slide format. Series also holds one folder of articles and clippings related to Bromeliad which are collected by Bromeliad Society International members.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1951-2006, holds bromeliad publications from Australia, Brazil, Canada, Czech Republic, Mexico, Switzerland, and United States. Publications are arranged in alphabetical order by country, and then arranged in chronological order.","\nSeries IV: Photographs, 1949-2001, in three sub-series; Plants, People, and Digital Files. Most of the bromeliad cultivar photographs and registrar's files are stored in either floppy discs or CD-ROMs. Only one folder contains photographs of Bromeliad Society International members; such as Mulford B. Foster, Ella Kelly and Victoria Padilla.","\nSeries V: Memorabilia, 1980-2004, includes Bromeliad Society International pins and posters that were issued for the World Bromeliad Conferences. A number of posters are signed and numbered by the artists, such as John Barbie Jr. and Steve Littlefield.","\nSeries VI: Additional Materials, 1911-2018, This series holds additional materials received from the Bromeliad Society International (BSI) in 2015, 2016, 2018, and 2022. Some of these materials include a World Bromeliad Conference '72 schedule events and a letter sent out to BSI members from the chair, Patrick Mitchell; a manuscript called \"Bromeliad Hybrids and Cultivars\" compiled by Brian Smith in 1984; \"A Preliminary Listing of All Known Cultivar and Grex Names for the Bromeliaceae\" created by Bromeliad Society, Inc. and arranged by Don A. Beadle, includes named and unnamed grexes, names of collectors, hybridizers, developers, references, and dates; \"First tentative Listing of Bromeliad Cultivars\" prepared by Brian Smith in 1989; four copper color separations for one print; and various publications from Australia, New Zealand, and the United States."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished records are protected by copyright. Permission to publish quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished records are protected by copyright. Permission to publish quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9ae065e663a8566449eee07dbeca3db9\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive consists of historical materials, including photographs related to cultivation of bromeliads; field notes related to the collection of bromeliads in the wild; list of plant entries in judged bromeliad shows; incoming and outgoing correspondence from early bromeliad growers; biographies; administrative records of the BSI such as, copyright registrations, copies of meeting minutes, annual reports, and bylaws; BSI publications; and ephemera, including posters and pins. The purpose of the BSI is to promote and maintain public and scientific interest in the research, development, preservation, and distribution of bromeliads, both natural and hybrid, throughout the world.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive consists of historical materials, including photographs related to cultivation of bromeliads; field notes related to the collection of bromeliads in the wild; list of plant entries in judged bromeliad shows; incoming and outgoing correspondence from early bromeliad growers; biographies; administrative records of the BSI such as, copyright registrations, copies of meeting minutes, annual reports, and bylaws; BSI publications; and ephemera, including posters and pins. The purpose of the BSI is to promote and maintain public and scientific interest in the research, development, preservation, and distribution of bromeliads, both natural and hybrid, throughout the world."],"names_coll_ssim":["Bromeliad Society International"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society International"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society International"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1613,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870858035398705152,"_root_":"2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:07:37.887Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_59255"}},{"id":"2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_45563","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"United States, 1951-2006","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_45563#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_45563","ref_ssm":["aspace_45563","aspace_45563"],"id":"2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_45563","title_filing_ssi":"United States","title_ssm":["United States"],"title_tesim":["United States"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1951-2006"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1951-2006"],"normalized_title_ssm":["United States, 1951-2006"],"text":["United States, 1951-2006","Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018","Publications, 1951-2006","Sub-Series 7","/repositories/4/archival_objects/17470"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d","2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_45383"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018","Publications, 1951-2006"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018","Publications, 1951-2006"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["Sub-Series 7","/repositories/4/archival_objects/17470"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":17,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":802,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished records are protected by copyright. Permission to publish quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#6","_nest_parent_":"2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_45383","_root_":"2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d","_version_":1870858035398705152,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:07:37.887Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d","title_ssm":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive"],"title_tesim":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive"],"ead_ssi":"2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d","unitdate_ssm":["1911-2018"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1911-2018"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.097","/repositories/4/resources/78"],"text":["SC.097","/repositories/4/resources/78","Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018","Denver (Colo.)","Houston (Tex.)","Philadelphia (Pa.)","Bromeliaceae","Botany","Plant hybridization","Botanical gardens -- Florida -- Orlando","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","The entire collection is open for research.","For many years, the bromeliad co-existed with the human, floral and animal inhabitants of the lush, tropical environment of the America. Each took advantage of what the other had to offer. Bromeliad history tells us that Christopher Columbus sailed the ocean blue and bumped into a new world. With his boat filled with goodies from the tropics, Columbus sailed the ocean again and managed to bump into his homeland, Spain. His Queen sent him back to the new world, and on his return trip he took a vicious looking plant with long, spiny leaves and a luscious sweet fruit growing from the center of the leaves. Christopher brought his Queen a pineapple. The first bromeliad to leave the new world.","Other adventures and explorers followed and returned to their homeland with wonders never seen before. Some of the wonders were tropical plants and many of them became known as bromeliads. Thus, the Bromeliacea family was described; and slowly over the years, its popularity invaded the United States. Bromeliad Society began in 1948 when Mr. Joseph Schneider of San Gabrial, California asked the organizer of Round Robins for the Flower Grower if she could get a group together who were interested in bromeliads. She placed a call for members of her Round Robin which brought an immediate response from Miss Victoria Padilla and Mrs. Sue Hutchinson who were soon followed by seven others, and they in turn brought four more. This group formed a Round Robin, exchanging their experiences with bromeliads by correspondence with one another for approximately two years. In the spring of 1950, a call was sent out to all members of the Round Robin, and others interested in bromeliads to attend a pot luck dinner at the home of Mrs. Doroth Behrends in Los Angeles, California on May 21st to discuss the suggestion made by Mr. Schneider that a Bromeliad Society be organized. There were fourteen enthusiastic bromeliad people in attendance. The meeting was called to order by Victoria Padilla. It was decided to hold an organizational meeting the following September.","The September 17, 1950 meeting was held on a Sunday afternoon in the home of Mr. and Mrs. Frank Overton in Glendale, California. Twenty one prospective members attended, with a surprise guest, Mr. Mulford Foster of Orlando, Florida. This group organized not just a local society, but an international society for the benefit of bromeliad enthusiasts all over the world. The first officers elected were: President, Mulford Foster; First Vice President, David Barry, Jr.; Second Vice President, Russell J. Seibert; Secretary, Victoria Padilla, and Treasurer, Frank H. Overton. In addition to the officers, Lyman B. Smith, H. B. Trau, Elmer J. Lorenz and Morris Schick were asked to serve on the Board of Directors. A Board of Honorary Trustees was elected, all of them from different countries.","This meeting was a fire of enthusiasm. In a very short time, the membership grew from less than thirty local Californians to an international group of nearly 100 charter members, representing the following countries; Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Canal Zone, Costa Rica, France, Great Britain, New Zealand and the United States. First year was used to establish By-laws, goals, to build a membership and a treasury. The first Life Member of this new Society was Franklin M. DeVoe of Gulf Hammock, Florida. In January 1951, less than a year later, President Mulford Foster because editor of the The Bromeliad Society Bulletin, a bi-monthly publication to be sent to all members. Annual dues for membership remained $3.50 until March-April 1963 when the dues were increased to $4.00.","In November 1951, a local group organized The Southern California Bromeliad Society and became the first Affiliate of The Bromeliad Society. Early in 1953, The Bromeliad Society announced that it had been duly incorporated under the laws of the State of California as a non-profit organization. The March-April 1954 issue of The Bromeliad Society Bulletin announced that The Louisiana Bromeliad Society had applied for affiliation with The Bromeliad Society. December 1955 Bulletin, acknowledged the third affiliate, The Florida West Coast Bromeliad Society, and in the May-June 1959 Bulletin, The South Florida Bromeliad Society was established with Nat DeLeon President.","In the ten year period, The Bromeliad Society had grown to a membership of over 400, 100 of which were members living in countries other than the United States. In the United States, three states led in membership and activity: Florida (90 members), California (80 members) and Louisiana (30 members). There were four Affiliates, 2 in Florida, one in California, and one in Louisiana.","In the ensuing years The Bromeliad Society followed the rugged path of progress. Victoria Padilla became Editor of The Bromeliad Society Bulletin, and color pictures were introduced in 1960. In 1964, all cover pictures of the Bulletin were presented in color. In 1971, The Bromeliad Society Bulletin was given a new name, Journal of the Bromeliad Society. Victoria Padilla continued as Editor. In 1970, plans were made for a 20th Birthday celebration to be held in Southern California and hosted by the five Affiliates in the Los Angeles area. It was to feature an \"all bromeliad show\". This celebration led to future Bromeliad World Conferences. The Bromeliad Society has sponsored and funded many exceptional improvements to the future of bromeliads, and strives to ever improve the knowledge and appreciation of bromeliads for its members and the general public.","List of past Bromeliad World Conferences:","\n1972 Houston, Texas - First acknowledged Bromeliad Conference","\n1975 25th Anniversary Celebration, Buena Park, California","\n1977 New Orleans, Louisiana","\n1980 Orlando, Florida - 30th Birthday celebration","\n1982 Corpus Christi, Texas - \"Bromeliaceae Ole\"","\n1984 Los Angeles, California - \"Bromelympics\"","\n1986 New Orleans, Louisiana - \"One Mo' Time\"","\n1988 Miami, Florida - \"Miami Magic\"","\n1990 Houston, Texas - Bromeliads in Space\"","\n1992 Tampa, Florida - \"Bromeliad Safari\"","\n1994 San Diego, California - \"Bromeliads in Paradise\"","\n1996 Orlando, Florida - \"Orlandiana '96\"","\n1998 Houston, Texas - \"Bromeliad Roundup\"","\n2000 San Francisco, California - \"50th Birthday Celebration\"","\n2002 St. Petersburg, Florida - \"Bromeliad Beach Party\"","\n2004 Chicago, Illinois","\n2006 San Diego, California - \"Bromeliads on the Border\"","\n2008 Cairns, Australia - \"Bromeliads Down Under\"","\n2010 New Orleans, Louisiana - \"Bromeliads in the Big Easy\"","2012 Orlando, Florida - \"Orlandiana '12\"","\n2014 Honolulu, Hawaii - \"Bromeliads in Paradise\"","\n2018 San Diego, California - \"Fiesta de las Bromelias\"","Collection processed by Suphi Burak Ogreten; finding aid prepared by Suphi Burak Ogreten. Materials were arranged in chronological order and then placed in pH neutral folders and boxes. Fragile and high use items were placed in polyester sleeves.","The Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection . Collector, Michael A. Spencer amassed this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented in this fine collection.","The Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead , who was a horticulturist and owned an orange grove in Eustis, Florida and developed a property in Oviedo, Florida to research and hybridize plants. The collection contains Mead's notebook and family correspondence, together with a brochure and news clipping about the founding of Mead Gardens in Winter Park, Florida.","Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally . Nally grew bromeliads and other plants on the property that had once belonged to Henry Nehrling at Gotha, Florida. This collection documents both his work at the property and his personal life.","Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling . These materials were collected by Michael Spencer because of his interest in botany and his links with Central Florida. Of particular interest are Nehrling's notebooks, correspondence, photographs and plant labels. The collection also contains a few materials, which belonged to Mr. Spencer concerning the attempts to save Nehrling's Palm Cottage Gardens.","Henry Nehrling Papers . Henry Nehrling was a horticulturist famous for his gardens in Gotha and Naples, Florida. These papers are primarily manuscripts of his articles in the American Eagle and other writings about plants. They include a few news clippings, plant lists, correspondence and other documentation of a business and personal nature.","Archival Collection of Dr. Henry H. Nehrling from the Collection of Michael D. Kahn . These materials were in the possession of Betty Pooler Mitchell Nehrling, Henry Nehrling's second wife. The collection consists of letters, documents, photographs, postcards and monographs which provides insight into the familial and financial affairs of the Nehrling Gardens. It also offers a look at Henry Nehrling during the tumultuous years of Florida's boom and bust, and a glimpse of his failing physical and mental state while he sought refuge in a quiet communal colony in Southwest Florida.","Bromeliad Society International","Affiliated Societies of Bromeliad Society International","Florida Council of Affiliated Societies","Series I: Records, 1953-2006, contains biographies of Bromeliad Society International members and collected materials on conferences \u0026 symposiums, manuscripts, and various correspondence. Series also holds organizational files such as the minutes of the general meeting and the meeting of the board of directors, bylaws \u0026 standing rules of the Bromeliad Society, annual reports, financial statements, and affiliate shows committee reports.","\nSeries II: Plants, 1942-2003, includes documents that pertain to the registration of cultivar names. Applications for registration of Bromeliad are arranged in alphabetical order first by genus then proposed name. Some of the registrations may contain sample images along with the applications either in print or slide format. Series also holds one folder of articles and clippings related to Bromeliad which are collected by Bromeliad Society International members.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1951-2006, holds bromeliad publications from Australia, Brazil, Canada, Czech Republic, Mexico, Switzerland, and United States. Publications are arranged in alphabetical order by country, and then arranged in chronological order.","\nSeries IV: Photographs, 1949-2001, in three sub-series; Plants, People, and Digital Files. Most of the bromeliad cultivar photographs and registrar's files are stored in either floppy discs or CD-ROMs. Only one folder contains photographs of Bromeliad Society International members; such as Mulford B. Foster, Ella Kelly and Victoria Padilla.","\nSeries V: Memorabilia, 1980-2004, includes Bromeliad Society International pins and posters that were issued for the World Bromeliad Conferences. A number of posters are signed and numbered by the artists, such as John Barbie Jr. and Steve Littlefield.","\nSeries VI: Additional Materials, 1911-2018, This series holds additional materials received from the Bromeliad Society International (BSI) in 2015, 2016, 2018, and 2022. Some of these materials include a World Bromeliad Conference '72 schedule events and a letter sent out to BSI members from the chair, Patrick Mitchell; a manuscript called \"Bromeliad Hybrids and Cultivars\" compiled by Brian Smith in 1984; \"A Preliminary Listing of All Known Cultivar and Grex Names for the Bromeliaceae\" created by Bromeliad Society, Inc. and arranged by Don A. Beadle, includes named and unnamed grexes, names of collectors, hybridizers, developers, references, and dates; \"First tentative Listing of Bromeliad Cultivars\" prepared by Brian Smith in 1989; four copper color separations for one print; and various publications from Australia, New Zealand, and the United States.","Unpublished records are protected by copyright. Permission to publish quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","The Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive consists of historical materials, including photographs related to cultivation of bromeliads; field notes related to the collection of bromeliads in the wild; list of plant entries in judged bromeliad shows; incoming and outgoing correspondence from early bromeliad growers; biographies; administrative records of the BSI such as, copyright registrations, copies of meeting minutes, annual reports, and bylaws; BSI publications; and ephemera, including posters and pins. The purpose of the BSI is to promote and maintain public and scientific interest in the research, development, preservation, and distribution of bromeliads, both natural and hybrid, throughout the world.","UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society International","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC.097","/repositories/4/resources/78"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1911-2018"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018"],"collection_ssim":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Denver (Colo.)","Houston (Tex.)","Philadelphia (Pa.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Denver (Colo.)","Houston (Tex.)","Philadelphia (Pa.)"],"places_ssim":["Denver (Colo.)","Houston (Tex.)","Philadelphia (Pa.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished records are protected by copyright. Permission to publish quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives Department acquired these materials from Jay Thurrott in 2014 (CFM2014_04). Additional materials were donated in 2015 (CFM2015_08), 2016 (CFM2016_06), 2018 (CFM2018_11) and 2022 (CFM2022_17)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Bromeliaceae","Botany","Plant hybridization","Botanical gardens -- Florida -- Orlando","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Bromeliaceae","Botany","Plant hybridization","Botanical gardens -- Florida -- Orlando","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13 Linear Feet 27 Boxes, 1 Flat File, 1 Flat Box"],"extent_tesim":["13 Linear Feet 27 Boxes, 1 Flat File, 1 Flat Box"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographic prints","slides (photographs)","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)"],"date_range_isim":[1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFor many years, the bromeliad co-existed with the human, floral and animal inhabitants of the lush, tropical environment of the America. Each took advantage of what the other had to offer. Bromeliad history tells us that Christopher Columbus sailed the ocean blue and bumped into a new world. With his boat filled with goodies from the tropics, Columbus sailed the ocean again and managed to bump into his homeland, Spain. His Queen sent him back to the new world, and on his return trip he took a vicious looking plant with long, spiny leaves and a luscious sweet fruit growing from the center of the leaves. Christopher brought his Queen a pineapple. The first bromeliad to leave the new world.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther adventures and explorers followed and returned to their homeland with wonders never seen before. Some of the wonders were tropical plants and many of them became known as bromeliads. Thus, the Bromeliacea family was described; and slowly over the years, its popularity invaded the United States. Bromeliad Society began in 1948 when Mr. Joseph Schneider of San Gabrial, California asked the organizer of Round Robins for the Flower Grower if she could get a group together who were interested in bromeliads. She placed a call for members of her Round Robin which brought an immediate response from Miss Victoria Padilla and Mrs. Sue Hutchinson who were soon followed by seven others, and they in turn brought four more. This group formed a Round Robin, exchanging their experiences with bromeliads by correspondence with one another for approximately two years. In the spring of 1950, a call was sent out to all members of the Round Robin, and others interested in bromeliads to attend a pot luck dinner at the home of Mrs. Doroth Behrends in Los Angeles, California on May 21st to discuss the suggestion made by Mr. Schneider that a Bromeliad Society be organized. There were fourteen enthusiastic bromeliad people in attendance. The meeting was called to order by Victoria Padilla. It was decided to hold an organizational meeting the following September.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe September 17, 1950 meeting was held on a Sunday afternoon in the home of Mr. and Mrs. Frank Overton in Glendale, California. Twenty one prospective members attended, with a surprise guest, Mr. Mulford Foster of Orlando, Florida. This group organized not just a local society, but an international society for the benefit of bromeliad enthusiasts all over the world. The first officers elected were: President, Mulford Foster; First Vice President, David Barry, Jr.; Second Vice President, Russell J. Seibert; Secretary, Victoria Padilla, and Treasurer, Frank H. Overton. In addition to the officers, Lyman B. Smith, H. B. Trau, Elmer J. Lorenz and Morris Schick were asked to serve on the Board of Directors. A Board of Honorary Trustees was elected, all of them from different countries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis meeting was a fire of enthusiasm. In a very short time, the membership grew from less than thirty local Californians to an international group of nearly 100 charter members, representing the following countries; Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Canal Zone, Costa Rica, France, Great Britain, New Zealand and the United States. First year was used to establish By-laws, goals, to build a membership and a treasury. The first Life Member of this new Society was Franklin M. DeVoe of Gulf Hammock, Florida. In January 1951, less than a year later, President Mulford Foster because editor of the The Bromeliad Society Bulletin, a bi-monthly publication to be sent to all members. Annual dues for membership remained $3.50 until March-April 1963 when the dues were increased to $4.00.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn November 1951, a local group organized The Southern California Bromeliad Society and became the first Affiliate of The Bromeliad Society. Early in 1953, The Bromeliad Society announced that it had been duly incorporated under the laws of the State of California as a non-profit organization. The March-April 1954 issue of The Bromeliad Society Bulletin announced that The Louisiana Bromeliad Society had applied for affiliation with The Bromeliad Society. December 1955 Bulletin, acknowledged the third affiliate, The Florida West Coast Bromeliad Society, and in the May-June 1959 Bulletin, The South Florida Bromeliad Society was established with Nat DeLeon President.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the ten year period, The Bromeliad Society had grown to a membership of over 400, 100 of which were members living in countries other than the United States. In the United States, three states led in membership and activity: Florida (90 members), California (80 members) and Louisiana (30 members). There were four Affiliates, 2 in Florida, one in California, and one in Louisiana.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the ensuing years The Bromeliad Society followed the rugged path of progress. Victoria Padilla became Editor of The Bromeliad Society Bulletin, and color pictures were introduced in 1960. In 1964, all cover pictures of the Bulletin were presented in color. In 1971, The Bromeliad Society Bulletin was given a new name, Journal of the Bromeliad Society. Victoria Padilla continued as Editor. In 1970, plans were made for a 20th Birthday celebration to be held in Southern California and hosted by the five Affiliates in the Los Angeles area. It was to feature an \"all bromeliad show\". This celebration led to future Bromeliad World Conferences. The Bromeliad Society has sponsored and funded many exceptional improvements to the future of bromeliads, and strives to ever improve the knowledge and appreciation of bromeliads for its members and the general public.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eList of past Bromeliad World Conferences:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1972 Houston, Texas - First acknowledged Bromeliad Conference\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1975 25th Anniversary Celebration, Buena Park, California\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1977 New Orleans, Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1980 Orlando, Florida - 30th Birthday celebration\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1982 Corpus Christi, Texas - \"Bromeliaceae Ole\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1984 Los Angeles, California - \"Bromelympics\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1986 New Orleans, Louisiana - \"One Mo' Time\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1988 Miami, Florida - \"Miami Magic\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1990 Houston, Texas - Bromeliads in Space\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1992 Tampa, Florida - \"Bromeliad Safari\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1994 San Diego, California - \"Bromeliads in Paradise\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1996 Orlando, Florida - \"Orlandiana '96\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1998 Houston, Texas - \"Bromeliad Roundup\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2000 San Francisco, California - \"50th Birthday Celebration\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2002 St. Petersburg, Florida - \"Bromeliad Beach Party\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2004 Chicago, Illinois\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2006 San Diego, California - \"Bromeliads on the Border\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2008 Cairns, Australia - \"Bromeliads Down Under\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2010 New Orleans, Louisiana - \"Bromeliads in the Big Easy\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2012 Orlando, Florida - \"Orlandiana '12\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2014 Honolulu, Hawaii - \"Bromeliads in Paradise\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2018 San Diego, California - \"Fiesta de las Bromelias\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["For many years, the bromeliad co-existed with the human, floral and animal inhabitants of the lush, tropical environment of the America. Each took advantage of what the other had to offer. Bromeliad history tells us that Christopher Columbus sailed the ocean blue and bumped into a new world. With his boat filled with goodies from the tropics, Columbus sailed the ocean again and managed to bump into his homeland, Spain. His Queen sent him back to the new world, and on his return trip he took a vicious looking plant with long, spiny leaves and a luscious sweet fruit growing from the center of the leaves. Christopher brought his Queen a pineapple. The first bromeliad to leave the new world.","Other adventures and explorers followed and returned to their homeland with wonders never seen before. Some of the wonders were tropical plants and many of them became known as bromeliads. Thus, the Bromeliacea family was described; and slowly over the years, its popularity invaded the United States. Bromeliad Society began in 1948 when Mr. Joseph Schneider of San Gabrial, California asked the organizer of Round Robins for the Flower Grower if she could get a group together who were interested in bromeliads. She placed a call for members of her Round Robin which brought an immediate response from Miss Victoria Padilla and Mrs. Sue Hutchinson who were soon followed by seven others, and they in turn brought four more. This group formed a Round Robin, exchanging their experiences with bromeliads by correspondence with one another for approximately two years. In the spring of 1950, a call was sent out to all members of the Round Robin, and others interested in bromeliads to attend a pot luck dinner at the home of Mrs. Doroth Behrends in Los Angeles, California on May 21st to discuss the suggestion made by Mr. Schneider that a Bromeliad Society be organized. There were fourteen enthusiastic bromeliad people in attendance. The meeting was called to order by Victoria Padilla. It was decided to hold an organizational meeting the following September.","The September 17, 1950 meeting was held on a Sunday afternoon in the home of Mr. and Mrs. Frank Overton in Glendale, California. Twenty one prospective members attended, with a surprise guest, Mr. Mulford Foster of Orlando, Florida. This group organized not just a local society, but an international society for the benefit of bromeliad enthusiasts all over the world. The first officers elected were: President, Mulford Foster; First Vice President, David Barry, Jr.; Second Vice President, Russell J. Seibert; Secretary, Victoria Padilla, and Treasurer, Frank H. Overton. In addition to the officers, Lyman B. Smith, H. B. Trau, Elmer J. Lorenz and Morris Schick were asked to serve on the Board of Directors. A Board of Honorary Trustees was elected, all of them from different countries.","This meeting was a fire of enthusiasm. In a very short time, the membership grew from less than thirty local Californians to an international group of nearly 100 charter members, representing the following countries; Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Canal Zone, Costa Rica, France, Great Britain, New Zealand and the United States. First year was used to establish By-laws, goals, to build a membership and a treasury. The first Life Member of this new Society was Franklin M. DeVoe of Gulf Hammock, Florida. In January 1951, less than a year later, President Mulford Foster because editor of the The Bromeliad Society Bulletin, a bi-monthly publication to be sent to all members. Annual dues for membership remained $3.50 until March-April 1963 when the dues were increased to $4.00.","In November 1951, a local group organized The Southern California Bromeliad Society and became the first Affiliate of The Bromeliad Society. Early in 1953, The Bromeliad Society announced that it had been duly incorporated under the laws of the State of California as a non-profit organization. The March-April 1954 issue of The Bromeliad Society Bulletin announced that The Louisiana Bromeliad Society had applied for affiliation with The Bromeliad Society. December 1955 Bulletin, acknowledged the third affiliate, The Florida West Coast Bromeliad Society, and in the May-June 1959 Bulletin, The South Florida Bromeliad Society was established with Nat DeLeon President.","In the ten year period, The Bromeliad Society had grown to a membership of over 400, 100 of which were members living in countries other than the United States. In the United States, three states led in membership and activity: Florida (90 members), California (80 members) and Louisiana (30 members). There were four Affiliates, 2 in Florida, one in California, and one in Louisiana.","In the ensuing years The Bromeliad Society followed the rugged path of progress. Victoria Padilla became Editor of The Bromeliad Society Bulletin, and color pictures were introduced in 1960. In 1964, all cover pictures of the Bulletin were presented in color. In 1971, The Bromeliad Society Bulletin was given a new name, Journal of the Bromeliad Society. Victoria Padilla continued as Editor. In 1970, plans were made for a 20th Birthday celebration to be held in Southern California and hosted by the five Affiliates in the Los Angeles area. It was to feature an \"all bromeliad show\". This celebration led to future Bromeliad World Conferences. The Bromeliad Society has sponsored and funded many exceptional improvements to the future of bromeliads, and strives to ever improve the knowledge and appreciation of bromeliads for its members and the general public.","List of past Bromeliad World Conferences:","\n1972 Houston, Texas - First acknowledged Bromeliad Conference","\n1975 25th Anniversary Celebration, Buena Park, California","\n1977 New Orleans, Louisiana","\n1980 Orlando, Florida - 30th Birthday celebration","\n1982 Corpus Christi, Texas - \"Bromeliaceae Ole\"","\n1984 Los Angeles, California - \"Bromelympics\"","\n1986 New Orleans, Louisiana - \"One Mo' Time\"","\n1988 Miami, Florida - \"Miami Magic\"","\n1990 Houston, Texas - Bromeliads in Space\"","\n1992 Tampa, Florida - \"Bromeliad Safari\"","\n1994 San Diego, California - \"Bromeliads in Paradise\"","\n1996 Orlando, Florida - \"Orlandiana '96\"","\n1998 Houston, Texas - \"Bromeliad Roundup\"","\n2000 San Francisco, California - \"50th Birthday Celebration\"","\n2002 St. Petersburg, Florida - \"Bromeliad Beach Party\"","\n2004 Chicago, Illinois","\n2006 San Diego, California - \"Bromeliads on the Border\"","\n2008 Cairns, Australia - \"Bromeliads Down Under\"","\n2010 New Orleans, Louisiana - \"Bromeliads in the Big Easy\"","2012 Orlando, Florida - \"Orlandiana '12\"","\n2014 Honolulu, Hawaii - \"Bromeliads in Paradise\"","\n2018 San Diego, California - \"Fiesta de las Bromelias\""],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBromeliad Society International Archive, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Bromeliad Society International Archive, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection processed by Suphi Burak Ogreten; finding aid prepared by Suphi Burak Ogreten. Materials were arranged in chronological order and then placed in pH neutral folders and boxes. Fragile and high use items were placed in polyester sleeves.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Collection processed by Suphi Burak Ogreten; finding aid prepared by Suphi Burak Ogreten. Materials were arranged in chronological order and then placed in pH neutral folders and boxes. Fragile and high use items were placed in polyester sleeves."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-09\"\u003eThe Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection\u003c/extref\u003e. Collector, Michael A. Spencer amassed this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented in this fine collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08b\"\u003eThe Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead\u003c/extref\u003e, who was a horticulturist and owned an orange grove in Eustis, Florida and developed a property in Oviedo, Florida to research and hybridize plants. The collection contains Mead's notebook and family correspondence, together with a brochure and news clipping about the founding of Mead Gardens in Winter Park, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08c\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally\u003c/extref\u003e. Nally grew bromeliads and other plants on the property that had once belonged to Henry Nehrling at Gotha, Florida. This collection documents both his work at the property and his personal life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08a\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling\u003c/extref\u003e. These materials were collected by Michael Spencer because of his interest in botany and his links with Central Florida. Of particular interest are Nehrling's notebooks, correspondence, photographs and plant labels. The collection also contains a few materials, which belonged to Mr. Spencer concerning the attempts to save Nehrling's Palm Cottage Gardens.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM1999-03\"\u003eHenry Nehrling Papers\u003c/extref\u003e. Henry Nehrling was a horticulturist famous for his gardens in Gotha and Naples, Florida. These papers are primarily manuscripts of his articles in the American Eagle and other writings about plants. They include a few news clippings, plant lists, correspondence and other documentation of a business and personal nature.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2014-09\"\u003eArchival Collection of Dr. Henry H. Nehrling from the Collection of Michael D. Kahn\u003c/extref\u003e. These materials were in the possession of Betty Pooler Mitchell Nehrling, Henry Nehrling's second wife. The collection consists of letters, documents, photographs, postcards and monographs which provides insight into the familial and financial affairs of the Nehrling Gardens. It also offers a look at Henry Nehrling during the tumultuous years of Florida's boom and bust, and a glimpse of his failing physical and mental state while he sought refuge in a quiet communal colony in Southwest Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://www.bsi.org/new/\"\u003eBromeliad Society International\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://www.bsi.org/bsi_info/affiliates/?bylocation\"\u003eAffiliated Societies of Bromeliad Society International\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://www.fcbs.org\"\u003eFlorida Council of Affiliated Societies\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection . Collector, Michael A. Spencer amassed this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented in this fine collection.","The Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead , who was a horticulturist and owned an orange grove in Eustis, Florida and developed a property in Oviedo, Florida to research and hybridize plants. The collection contains Mead's notebook and family correspondence, together with a brochure and news clipping about the founding of Mead Gardens in Winter Park, Florida.","Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally . Nally grew bromeliads and other plants on the property that had once belonged to Henry Nehrling at Gotha, Florida. This collection documents both his work at the property and his personal life.","Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling . These materials were collected by Michael Spencer because of his interest in botany and his links with Central Florida. Of particular interest are Nehrling's notebooks, correspondence, photographs and plant labels. The collection also contains a few materials, which belonged to Mr. Spencer concerning the attempts to save Nehrling's Palm Cottage Gardens.","Henry Nehrling Papers . Henry Nehrling was a horticulturist famous for his gardens in Gotha and Naples, Florida. These papers are primarily manuscripts of his articles in the American Eagle and other writings about plants. They include a few news clippings, plant lists, correspondence and other documentation of a business and personal nature.","Archival Collection of Dr. Henry H. Nehrling from the Collection of Michael D. Kahn . These materials were in the possession of Betty Pooler Mitchell Nehrling, Henry Nehrling's second wife. The collection consists of letters, documents, photographs, postcards and monographs which provides insight into the familial and financial affairs of the Nehrling Gardens. It also offers a look at Henry Nehrling during the tumultuous years of Florida's boom and bust, and a glimpse of his failing physical and mental state while he sought refuge in a quiet communal colony in Southwest Florida.","Bromeliad Society International","Affiliated Societies of Bromeliad Society International","Florida Council of Affiliated Societies"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Records, 1953-2006, contains biographies of Bromeliad Society International members and collected materials on conferences \u0026amp; symposiums, manuscripts, and various correspondence. Series also holds organizational files such as the minutes of the general meeting and the meeting of the board of directors, bylaws \u0026amp; standing rules of the Bromeliad Society, annual reports, financial statements, and affiliate shows committee reports.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Plants, 1942-2003, includes documents that pertain to the registration of cultivar names. Applications for registration of Bromeliad are arranged in alphabetical order first by genus then proposed name. Some of the registrations may contain sample images along with the applications either in print or slide format. Series also holds one folder of articles and clippings related to Bromeliad which are collected by Bromeliad Society International members.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Publications, 1951-2006, holds bromeliad publications from Australia, Brazil, Canada, Czech Republic, Mexico, Switzerland, and United States. Publications are arranged in alphabetical order by country, and then arranged in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Photographs, 1949-2001, in three sub-series; Plants, People, and Digital Files. Most of the bromeliad cultivar photographs and registrar's files are stored in either floppy discs or CD-ROMs. Only one folder contains photographs of Bromeliad Society International members; such as Mulford B. Foster, Ella Kelly and Victoria Padilla.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Memorabilia, 1980-2004, includes Bromeliad Society International pins and posters that were issued for the World Bromeliad Conferences. A number of posters are signed and numbered by the artists, such as John Barbie Jr. and Steve Littlefield.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Additional Materials, 1911-2018, This series holds additional materials received from the Bromeliad Society International (BSI) in 2015, 2016, 2018, and 2022. Some of these materials include a World Bromeliad Conference '72 schedule events and a letter sent out to BSI members from the chair, Patrick Mitchell; a manuscript called \"Bromeliad Hybrids and Cultivars\" compiled by Brian Smith in 1984; \"A Preliminary Listing of All Known Cultivar and Grex Names for the Bromeliaceae\" created by Bromeliad Society, Inc. and arranged by Don A. Beadle, includes named and unnamed grexes, names of collectors, hybridizers, developers, references, and dates; \"First tentative Listing of Bromeliad Cultivars\" prepared by Brian Smith in 1989; four copper color separations for one print; and various publications from Australia, New Zealand, and the United States.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series I: Records, 1953-2006, contains biographies of Bromeliad Society International members and collected materials on conferences \u0026 symposiums, manuscripts, and various correspondence. Series also holds organizational files such as the minutes of the general meeting and the meeting of the board of directors, bylaws \u0026 standing rules of the Bromeliad Society, annual reports, financial statements, and affiliate shows committee reports.","\nSeries II: Plants, 1942-2003, includes documents that pertain to the registration of cultivar names. Applications for registration of Bromeliad are arranged in alphabetical order first by genus then proposed name. Some of the registrations may contain sample images along with the applications either in print or slide format. Series also holds one folder of articles and clippings related to Bromeliad which are collected by Bromeliad Society International members.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1951-2006, holds bromeliad publications from Australia, Brazil, Canada, Czech Republic, Mexico, Switzerland, and United States. Publications are arranged in alphabetical order by country, and then arranged in chronological order.","\nSeries IV: Photographs, 1949-2001, in three sub-series; Plants, People, and Digital Files. Most of the bromeliad cultivar photographs and registrar's files are stored in either floppy discs or CD-ROMs. Only one folder contains photographs of Bromeliad Society International members; such as Mulford B. Foster, Ella Kelly and Victoria Padilla.","\nSeries V: Memorabilia, 1980-2004, includes Bromeliad Society International pins and posters that were issued for the World Bromeliad Conferences. A number of posters are signed and numbered by the artists, such as John Barbie Jr. and Steve Littlefield.","\nSeries VI: Additional Materials, 1911-2018, This series holds additional materials received from the Bromeliad Society International (BSI) in 2015, 2016, 2018, and 2022. Some of these materials include a World Bromeliad Conference '72 schedule events and a letter sent out to BSI members from the chair, Patrick Mitchell; a manuscript called \"Bromeliad Hybrids and Cultivars\" compiled by Brian Smith in 1984; \"A Preliminary Listing of All Known Cultivar and Grex Names for the Bromeliaceae\" created by Bromeliad Society, Inc. and arranged by Don A. Beadle, includes named and unnamed grexes, names of collectors, hybridizers, developers, references, and dates; \"First tentative Listing of Bromeliad Cultivars\" prepared by Brian Smith in 1989; four copper color separations for one print; and various publications from Australia, New Zealand, and the United States."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished records are protected by copyright. Permission to publish quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished records are protected by copyright. Permission to publish quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9ae065e663a8566449eee07dbeca3db9\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive consists of historical materials, including photographs related to cultivation of bromeliads; field notes related to the collection of bromeliads in the wild; list of plant entries in judged bromeliad shows; incoming and outgoing correspondence from early bromeliad growers; biographies; administrative records of the BSI such as, copyright registrations, copies of meeting minutes, annual reports, and bylaws; BSI publications; and ephemera, including posters and pins. The purpose of the BSI is to promote and maintain public and scientific interest in the research, development, preservation, and distribution of bromeliads, both natural and hybrid, throughout the world.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive consists of historical materials, including photographs related to cultivation of bromeliads; field notes related to the collection of bromeliads in the wild; list of plant entries in judged bromeliad shows; incoming and outgoing correspondence from early bromeliad growers; biographies; administrative records of the BSI such as, copyright registrations, copies of meeting minutes, annual reports, and bylaws; BSI publications; and ephemera, including posters and pins. The purpose of the BSI is to promote and maintain public and scientific interest in the research, development, preservation, and distribution of bromeliads, both natural and hybrid, throughout the world."],"names_coll_ssim":["Bromeliad Society International"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society International"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society International"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1613,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870858035398705152,"_root_":"2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:07:37.887Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_45563"}},{"id":"2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_67108","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"United States, 1951-2009","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_67108#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_67108","ref_ssm":["aspace_67108","aspace_67108"],"id":"2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_67108","title_filing_ssi":"United States","title_ssm":["United States"],"title_tesim":["United States"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1951-2009"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1951-2009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["United States, 1951-2009"],"text":["United States, 1951-2009","Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018","Additional Materials, 1911-2018, Undated","Accession no: CFM2016_06, 1946-2012, Undated","Publications, 1951-2009","Sub-Series 3","/repositories/4/archival_objects/17557"],"component_level_isim":[4],"parent_ids_ssim":["2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d","2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_58713","2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_66956","2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_67098"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018","Additional Materials, 1911-2018, Undated","Accession no: CFM2016_06, 1946-2012, Undated","Publications, 1951-2009"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018","Additional Materials, 1911-2018, Undated","Accession no: CFM2016_06, 1946-2012, Undated","Publications, 1951-2009"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["Sub-Series 3","/repositories/4/archival_objects/17557"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":20,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":1444,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished records are protected by copyright. Permission to publish quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009],"_nest_path_":"/components#5/components#1/components#3/components#2","_nest_parent_":"2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_67098","_root_":"2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d","_version_":1870858035398705152,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:07:37.887Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d","title_ssm":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive"],"title_tesim":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive"],"ead_ssi":"2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d","unitdate_ssm":["1911-2018"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1911-2018"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.097","/repositories/4/resources/78"],"text":["SC.097","/repositories/4/resources/78","Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018","Denver (Colo.)","Houston (Tex.)","Philadelphia (Pa.)","Bromeliaceae","Botany","Plant hybridization","Botanical gardens -- Florida -- Orlando","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","The entire collection is open for research.","For many years, the bromeliad co-existed with the human, floral and animal inhabitants of the lush, tropical environment of the America. Each took advantage of what the other had to offer. Bromeliad history tells us that Christopher Columbus sailed the ocean blue and bumped into a new world. With his boat filled with goodies from the tropics, Columbus sailed the ocean again and managed to bump into his homeland, Spain. His Queen sent him back to the new world, and on his return trip he took a vicious looking plant with long, spiny leaves and a luscious sweet fruit growing from the center of the leaves. Christopher brought his Queen a pineapple. The first bromeliad to leave the new world.","Other adventures and explorers followed and returned to their homeland with wonders never seen before. Some of the wonders were tropical plants and many of them became known as bromeliads. Thus, the Bromeliacea family was described; and slowly over the years, its popularity invaded the United States. Bromeliad Society began in 1948 when Mr. Joseph Schneider of San Gabrial, California asked the organizer of Round Robins for the Flower Grower if she could get a group together who were interested in bromeliads. She placed a call for members of her Round Robin which brought an immediate response from Miss Victoria Padilla and Mrs. Sue Hutchinson who were soon followed by seven others, and they in turn brought four more. This group formed a Round Robin, exchanging their experiences with bromeliads by correspondence with one another for approximately two years. In the spring of 1950, a call was sent out to all members of the Round Robin, and others interested in bromeliads to attend a pot luck dinner at the home of Mrs. Doroth Behrends in Los Angeles, California on May 21st to discuss the suggestion made by Mr. Schneider that a Bromeliad Society be organized. There were fourteen enthusiastic bromeliad people in attendance. The meeting was called to order by Victoria Padilla. It was decided to hold an organizational meeting the following September.","The September 17, 1950 meeting was held on a Sunday afternoon in the home of Mr. and Mrs. Frank Overton in Glendale, California. Twenty one prospective members attended, with a surprise guest, Mr. Mulford Foster of Orlando, Florida. This group organized not just a local society, but an international society for the benefit of bromeliad enthusiasts all over the world. The first officers elected were: President, Mulford Foster; First Vice President, David Barry, Jr.; Second Vice President, Russell J. Seibert; Secretary, Victoria Padilla, and Treasurer, Frank H. Overton. In addition to the officers, Lyman B. Smith, H. B. Trau, Elmer J. Lorenz and Morris Schick were asked to serve on the Board of Directors. A Board of Honorary Trustees was elected, all of them from different countries.","This meeting was a fire of enthusiasm. In a very short time, the membership grew from less than thirty local Californians to an international group of nearly 100 charter members, representing the following countries; Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Canal Zone, Costa Rica, France, Great Britain, New Zealand and the United States. First year was used to establish By-laws, goals, to build a membership and a treasury. The first Life Member of this new Society was Franklin M. DeVoe of Gulf Hammock, Florida. In January 1951, less than a year later, President Mulford Foster because editor of the The Bromeliad Society Bulletin, a bi-monthly publication to be sent to all members. Annual dues for membership remained $3.50 until March-April 1963 when the dues were increased to $4.00.","In November 1951, a local group organized The Southern California Bromeliad Society and became the first Affiliate of The Bromeliad Society. Early in 1953, The Bromeliad Society announced that it had been duly incorporated under the laws of the State of California as a non-profit organization. The March-April 1954 issue of The Bromeliad Society Bulletin announced that The Louisiana Bromeliad Society had applied for affiliation with The Bromeliad Society. December 1955 Bulletin, acknowledged the third affiliate, The Florida West Coast Bromeliad Society, and in the May-June 1959 Bulletin, The South Florida Bromeliad Society was established with Nat DeLeon President.","In the ten year period, The Bromeliad Society had grown to a membership of over 400, 100 of which were members living in countries other than the United States. In the United States, three states led in membership and activity: Florida (90 members), California (80 members) and Louisiana (30 members). There were four Affiliates, 2 in Florida, one in California, and one in Louisiana.","In the ensuing years The Bromeliad Society followed the rugged path of progress. Victoria Padilla became Editor of The Bromeliad Society Bulletin, and color pictures were introduced in 1960. In 1964, all cover pictures of the Bulletin were presented in color. In 1971, The Bromeliad Society Bulletin was given a new name, Journal of the Bromeliad Society. Victoria Padilla continued as Editor. In 1970, plans were made for a 20th Birthday celebration to be held in Southern California and hosted by the five Affiliates in the Los Angeles area. It was to feature an \"all bromeliad show\". This celebration led to future Bromeliad World Conferences. The Bromeliad Society has sponsored and funded many exceptional improvements to the future of bromeliads, and strives to ever improve the knowledge and appreciation of bromeliads for its members and the general public.","List of past Bromeliad World Conferences:","\n1972 Houston, Texas - First acknowledged Bromeliad Conference","\n1975 25th Anniversary Celebration, Buena Park, California","\n1977 New Orleans, Louisiana","\n1980 Orlando, Florida - 30th Birthday celebration","\n1982 Corpus Christi, Texas - \"Bromeliaceae Ole\"","\n1984 Los Angeles, California - \"Bromelympics\"","\n1986 New Orleans, Louisiana - \"One Mo' Time\"","\n1988 Miami, Florida - \"Miami Magic\"","\n1990 Houston, Texas - Bromeliads in Space\"","\n1992 Tampa, Florida - \"Bromeliad Safari\"","\n1994 San Diego, California - \"Bromeliads in Paradise\"","\n1996 Orlando, Florida - \"Orlandiana '96\"","\n1998 Houston, Texas - \"Bromeliad Roundup\"","\n2000 San Francisco, California - \"50th Birthday Celebration\"","\n2002 St. Petersburg, Florida - \"Bromeliad Beach Party\"","\n2004 Chicago, Illinois","\n2006 San Diego, California - \"Bromeliads on the Border\"","\n2008 Cairns, Australia - \"Bromeliads Down Under\"","\n2010 New Orleans, Louisiana - \"Bromeliads in the Big Easy\"","2012 Orlando, Florida - \"Orlandiana '12\"","\n2014 Honolulu, Hawaii - \"Bromeliads in Paradise\"","\n2018 San Diego, California - \"Fiesta de las Bromelias\"","Collection processed by Suphi Burak Ogreten; finding aid prepared by Suphi Burak Ogreten. Materials were arranged in chronological order and then placed in pH neutral folders and boxes. Fragile and high use items were placed in polyester sleeves.","The Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection . Collector, Michael A. Spencer amassed this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented in this fine collection.","The Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead , who was a horticulturist and owned an orange grove in Eustis, Florida and developed a property in Oviedo, Florida to research and hybridize plants. The collection contains Mead's notebook and family correspondence, together with a brochure and news clipping about the founding of Mead Gardens in Winter Park, Florida.","Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally . Nally grew bromeliads and other plants on the property that had once belonged to Henry Nehrling at Gotha, Florida. This collection documents both his work at the property and his personal life.","Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling . These materials were collected by Michael Spencer because of his interest in botany and his links with Central Florida. Of particular interest are Nehrling's notebooks, correspondence, photographs and plant labels. The collection also contains a few materials, which belonged to Mr. Spencer concerning the attempts to save Nehrling's Palm Cottage Gardens.","Henry Nehrling Papers . Henry Nehrling was a horticulturist famous for his gardens in Gotha and Naples, Florida. These papers are primarily manuscripts of his articles in the American Eagle and other writings about plants. They include a few news clippings, plant lists, correspondence and other documentation of a business and personal nature.","Archival Collection of Dr. Henry H. Nehrling from the Collection of Michael D. Kahn . These materials were in the possession of Betty Pooler Mitchell Nehrling, Henry Nehrling's second wife. The collection consists of letters, documents, photographs, postcards and monographs which provides insight into the familial and financial affairs of the Nehrling Gardens. It also offers a look at Henry Nehrling during the tumultuous years of Florida's boom and bust, and a glimpse of his failing physical and mental state while he sought refuge in a quiet communal colony in Southwest Florida.","Bromeliad Society International","Affiliated Societies of Bromeliad Society International","Florida Council of Affiliated Societies","Series I: Records, 1953-2006, contains biographies of Bromeliad Society International members and collected materials on conferences \u0026 symposiums, manuscripts, and various correspondence. Series also holds organizational files such as the minutes of the general meeting and the meeting of the board of directors, bylaws \u0026 standing rules of the Bromeliad Society, annual reports, financial statements, and affiliate shows committee reports.","\nSeries II: Plants, 1942-2003, includes documents that pertain to the registration of cultivar names. Applications for registration of Bromeliad are arranged in alphabetical order first by genus then proposed name. Some of the registrations may contain sample images along with the applications either in print or slide format. Series also holds one folder of articles and clippings related to Bromeliad which are collected by Bromeliad Society International members.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1951-2006, holds bromeliad publications from Australia, Brazil, Canada, Czech Republic, Mexico, Switzerland, and United States. Publications are arranged in alphabetical order by country, and then arranged in chronological order.","\nSeries IV: Photographs, 1949-2001, in three sub-series; Plants, People, and Digital Files. Most of the bromeliad cultivar photographs and registrar's files are stored in either floppy discs or CD-ROMs. Only one folder contains photographs of Bromeliad Society International members; such as Mulford B. Foster, Ella Kelly and Victoria Padilla.","\nSeries V: Memorabilia, 1980-2004, includes Bromeliad Society International pins and posters that were issued for the World Bromeliad Conferences. A number of posters are signed and numbered by the artists, such as John Barbie Jr. and Steve Littlefield.","\nSeries VI: Additional Materials, 1911-2018, This series holds additional materials received from the Bromeliad Society International (BSI) in 2015, 2016, 2018, and 2022. Some of these materials include a World Bromeliad Conference '72 schedule events and a letter sent out to BSI members from the chair, Patrick Mitchell; a manuscript called \"Bromeliad Hybrids and Cultivars\" compiled by Brian Smith in 1984; \"A Preliminary Listing of All Known Cultivar and Grex Names for the Bromeliaceae\" created by Bromeliad Society, Inc. and arranged by Don A. Beadle, includes named and unnamed grexes, names of collectors, hybridizers, developers, references, and dates; \"First tentative Listing of Bromeliad Cultivars\" prepared by Brian Smith in 1989; four copper color separations for one print; and various publications from Australia, New Zealand, and the United States.","Unpublished records are protected by copyright. Permission to publish quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","The Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive consists of historical materials, including photographs related to cultivation of bromeliads; field notes related to the collection of bromeliads in the wild; list of plant entries in judged bromeliad shows; incoming and outgoing correspondence from early bromeliad growers; biographies; administrative records of the BSI such as, copyright registrations, copies of meeting minutes, annual reports, and bylaws; BSI publications; and ephemera, including posters and pins. The purpose of the BSI is to promote and maintain public and scientific interest in the research, development, preservation, and distribution of bromeliads, both natural and hybrid, throughout the world.","UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society International","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC.097","/repositories/4/resources/78"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1911-2018"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018"],"collection_ssim":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Denver (Colo.)","Houston (Tex.)","Philadelphia (Pa.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Denver (Colo.)","Houston (Tex.)","Philadelphia (Pa.)"],"places_ssim":["Denver (Colo.)","Houston (Tex.)","Philadelphia (Pa.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished records are protected by copyright. Permission to publish quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives Department acquired these materials from Jay Thurrott in 2014 (CFM2014_04). Additional materials were donated in 2015 (CFM2015_08), 2016 (CFM2016_06), 2018 (CFM2018_11) and 2022 (CFM2022_17)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Bromeliaceae","Botany","Plant hybridization","Botanical gardens -- Florida -- Orlando","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Bromeliaceae","Botany","Plant hybridization","Botanical gardens -- Florida -- Orlando","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13 Linear Feet 27 Boxes, 1 Flat File, 1 Flat Box"],"extent_tesim":["13 Linear Feet 27 Boxes, 1 Flat File, 1 Flat Box"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographic prints","slides (photographs)","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)"],"date_range_isim":[1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFor many years, the bromeliad co-existed with the human, floral and animal inhabitants of the lush, tropical environment of the America. Each took advantage of what the other had to offer. Bromeliad history tells us that Christopher Columbus sailed the ocean blue and bumped into a new world. With his boat filled with goodies from the tropics, Columbus sailed the ocean again and managed to bump into his homeland, Spain. His Queen sent him back to the new world, and on his return trip he took a vicious looking plant with long, spiny leaves and a luscious sweet fruit growing from the center of the leaves. Christopher brought his Queen a pineapple. The first bromeliad to leave the new world.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther adventures and explorers followed and returned to their homeland with wonders never seen before. Some of the wonders were tropical plants and many of them became known as bromeliads. Thus, the Bromeliacea family was described; and slowly over the years, its popularity invaded the United States. Bromeliad Society began in 1948 when Mr. Joseph Schneider of San Gabrial, California asked the organizer of Round Robins for the Flower Grower if she could get a group together who were interested in bromeliads. She placed a call for members of her Round Robin which brought an immediate response from Miss Victoria Padilla and Mrs. Sue Hutchinson who were soon followed by seven others, and they in turn brought four more. This group formed a Round Robin, exchanging their experiences with bromeliads by correspondence with one another for approximately two years. In the spring of 1950, a call was sent out to all members of the Round Robin, and others interested in bromeliads to attend a pot luck dinner at the home of Mrs. Doroth Behrends in Los Angeles, California on May 21st to discuss the suggestion made by Mr. Schneider that a Bromeliad Society be organized. There were fourteen enthusiastic bromeliad people in attendance. The meeting was called to order by Victoria Padilla. It was decided to hold an organizational meeting the following September.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe September 17, 1950 meeting was held on a Sunday afternoon in the home of Mr. and Mrs. Frank Overton in Glendale, California. Twenty one prospective members attended, with a surprise guest, Mr. Mulford Foster of Orlando, Florida. This group organized not just a local society, but an international society for the benefit of bromeliad enthusiasts all over the world. The first officers elected were: President, Mulford Foster; First Vice President, David Barry, Jr.; Second Vice President, Russell J. Seibert; Secretary, Victoria Padilla, and Treasurer, Frank H. Overton. In addition to the officers, Lyman B. Smith, H. B. Trau, Elmer J. Lorenz and Morris Schick were asked to serve on the Board of Directors. A Board of Honorary Trustees was elected, all of them from different countries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis meeting was a fire of enthusiasm. In a very short time, the membership grew from less than thirty local Californians to an international group of nearly 100 charter members, representing the following countries; Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Canal Zone, Costa Rica, France, Great Britain, New Zealand and the United States. First year was used to establish By-laws, goals, to build a membership and a treasury. The first Life Member of this new Society was Franklin M. DeVoe of Gulf Hammock, Florida. In January 1951, less than a year later, President Mulford Foster because editor of the The Bromeliad Society Bulletin, a bi-monthly publication to be sent to all members. Annual dues for membership remained $3.50 until March-April 1963 when the dues were increased to $4.00.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn November 1951, a local group organized The Southern California Bromeliad Society and became the first Affiliate of The Bromeliad Society. Early in 1953, The Bromeliad Society announced that it had been duly incorporated under the laws of the State of California as a non-profit organization. The March-April 1954 issue of The Bromeliad Society Bulletin announced that The Louisiana Bromeliad Society had applied for affiliation with The Bromeliad Society. December 1955 Bulletin, acknowledged the third affiliate, The Florida West Coast Bromeliad Society, and in the May-June 1959 Bulletin, The South Florida Bromeliad Society was established with Nat DeLeon President.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the ten year period, The Bromeliad Society had grown to a membership of over 400, 100 of which were members living in countries other than the United States. In the United States, three states led in membership and activity: Florida (90 members), California (80 members) and Louisiana (30 members). There were four Affiliates, 2 in Florida, one in California, and one in Louisiana.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the ensuing years The Bromeliad Society followed the rugged path of progress. Victoria Padilla became Editor of The Bromeliad Society Bulletin, and color pictures were introduced in 1960. In 1964, all cover pictures of the Bulletin were presented in color. In 1971, The Bromeliad Society Bulletin was given a new name, Journal of the Bromeliad Society. Victoria Padilla continued as Editor. In 1970, plans were made for a 20th Birthday celebration to be held in Southern California and hosted by the five Affiliates in the Los Angeles area. It was to feature an \"all bromeliad show\". This celebration led to future Bromeliad World Conferences. The Bromeliad Society has sponsored and funded many exceptional improvements to the future of bromeliads, and strives to ever improve the knowledge and appreciation of bromeliads for its members and the general public.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eList of past Bromeliad World Conferences:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1972 Houston, Texas - First acknowledged Bromeliad Conference\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1975 25th Anniversary Celebration, Buena Park, California\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1977 New Orleans, Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1980 Orlando, Florida - 30th Birthday celebration\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1982 Corpus Christi, Texas - \"Bromeliaceae Ole\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1984 Los Angeles, California - \"Bromelympics\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1986 New Orleans, Louisiana - \"One Mo' Time\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1988 Miami, Florida - \"Miami Magic\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1990 Houston, Texas - Bromeliads in Space\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1992 Tampa, Florida - \"Bromeliad Safari\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1994 San Diego, California - \"Bromeliads in Paradise\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1996 Orlando, Florida - \"Orlandiana '96\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1998 Houston, Texas - \"Bromeliad Roundup\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2000 San Francisco, California - \"50th Birthday Celebration\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2002 St. Petersburg, Florida - \"Bromeliad Beach Party\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2004 Chicago, Illinois\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2006 San Diego, California - \"Bromeliads on the Border\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2008 Cairns, Australia - \"Bromeliads Down Under\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2010 New Orleans, Louisiana - \"Bromeliads in the Big Easy\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2012 Orlando, Florida - \"Orlandiana '12\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2014 Honolulu, Hawaii - \"Bromeliads in Paradise\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2018 San Diego, California - \"Fiesta de las Bromelias\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["For many years, the bromeliad co-existed with the human, floral and animal inhabitants of the lush, tropical environment of the America. Each took advantage of what the other had to offer. Bromeliad history tells us that Christopher Columbus sailed the ocean blue and bumped into a new world. With his boat filled with goodies from the tropics, Columbus sailed the ocean again and managed to bump into his homeland, Spain. His Queen sent him back to the new world, and on his return trip he took a vicious looking plant with long, spiny leaves and a luscious sweet fruit growing from the center of the leaves. Christopher brought his Queen a pineapple. The first bromeliad to leave the new world.","Other adventures and explorers followed and returned to their homeland with wonders never seen before. Some of the wonders were tropical plants and many of them became known as bromeliads. Thus, the Bromeliacea family was described; and slowly over the years, its popularity invaded the United States. Bromeliad Society began in 1948 when Mr. Joseph Schneider of San Gabrial, California asked the organizer of Round Robins for the Flower Grower if she could get a group together who were interested in bromeliads. She placed a call for members of her Round Robin which brought an immediate response from Miss Victoria Padilla and Mrs. Sue Hutchinson who were soon followed by seven others, and they in turn brought four more. This group formed a Round Robin, exchanging their experiences with bromeliads by correspondence with one another for approximately two years. In the spring of 1950, a call was sent out to all members of the Round Robin, and others interested in bromeliads to attend a pot luck dinner at the home of Mrs. Doroth Behrends in Los Angeles, California on May 21st to discuss the suggestion made by Mr. Schneider that a Bromeliad Society be organized. There were fourteen enthusiastic bromeliad people in attendance. The meeting was called to order by Victoria Padilla. It was decided to hold an organizational meeting the following September.","The September 17, 1950 meeting was held on a Sunday afternoon in the home of Mr. and Mrs. Frank Overton in Glendale, California. Twenty one prospective members attended, with a surprise guest, Mr. Mulford Foster of Orlando, Florida. This group organized not just a local society, but an international society for the benefit of bromeliad enthusiasts all over the world. The first officers elected were: President, Mulford Foster; First Vice President, David Barry, Jr.; Second Vice President, Russell J. Seibert; Secretary, Victoria Padilla, and Treasurer, Frank H. Overton. In addition to the officers, Lyman B. Smith, H. B. Trau, Elmer J. Lorenz and Morris Schick were asked to serve on the Board of Directors. A Board of Honorary Trustees was elected, all of them from different countries.","This meeting was a fire of enthusiasm. In a very short time, the membership grew from less than thirty local Californians to an international group of nearly 100 charter members, representing the following countries; Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Canal Zone, Costa Rica, France, Great Britain, New Zealand and the United States. First year was used to establish By-laws, goals, to build a membership and a treasury. The first Life Member of this new Society was Franklin M. DeVoe of Gulf Hammock, Florida. In January 1951, less than a year later, President Mulford Foster because editor of the The Bromeliad Society Bulletin, a bi-monthly publication to be sent to all members. Annual dues for membership remained $3.50 until March-April 1963 when the dues were increased to $4.00.","In November 1951, a local group organized The Southern California Bromeliad Society and became the first Affiliate of The Bromeliad Society. Early in 1953, The Bromeliad Society announced that it had been duly incorporated under the laws of the State of California as a non-profit organization. The March-April 1954 issue of The Bromeliad Society Bulletin announced that The Louisiana Bromeliad Society had applied for affiliation with The Bromeliad Society. December 1955 Bulletin, acknowledged the third affiliate, The Florida West Coast Bromeliad Society, and in the May-June 1959 Bulletin, The South Florida Bromeliad Society was established with Nat DeLeon President.","In the ten year period, The Bromeliad Society had grown to a membership of over 400, 100 of which were members living in countries other than the United States. In the United States, three states led in membership and activity: Florida (90 members), California (80 members) and Louisiana (30 members). There were four Affiliates, 2 in Florida, one in California, and one in Louisiana.","In the ensuing years The Bromeliad Society followed the rugged path of progress. Victoria Padilla became Editor of The Bromeliad Society Bulletin, and color pictures were introduced in 1960. In 1964, all cover pictures of the Bulletin were presented in color. In 1971, The Bromeliad Society Bulletin was given a new name, Journal of the Bromeliad Society. Victoria Padilla continued as Editor. In 1970, plans were made for a 20th Birthday celebration to be held in Southern California and hosted by the five Affiliates in the Los Angeles area. It was to feature an \"all bromeliad show\". This celebration led to future Bromeliad World Conferences. The Bromeliad Society has sponsored and funded many exceptional improvements to the future of bromeliads, and strives to ever improve the knowledge and appreciation of bromeliads for its members and the general public.","List of past Bromeliad World Conferences:","\n1972 Houston, Texas - First acknowledged Bromeliad Conference","\n1975 25th Anniversary Celebration, Buena Park, California","\n1977 New Orleans, Louisiana","\n1980 Orlando, Florida - 30th Birthday celebration","\n1982 Corpus Christi, Texas - \"Bromeliaceae Ole\"","\n1984 Los Angeles, California - \"Bromelympics\"","\n1986 New Orleans, Louisiana - \"One Mo' Time\"","\n1988 Miami, Florida - \"Miami Magic\"","\n1990 Houston, Texas - Bromeliads in Space\"","\n1992 Tampa, Florida - \"Bromeliad Safari\"","\n1994 San Diego, California - \"Bromeliads in Paradise\"","\n1996 Orlando, Florida - \"Orlandiana '96\"","\n1998 Houston, Texas - \"Bromeliad Roundup\"","\n2000 San Francisco, California - \"50th Birthday Celebration\"","\n2002 St. Petersburg, Florida - \"Bromeliad Beach Party\"","\n2004 Chicago, Illinois","\n2006 San Diego, California - \"Bromeliads on the Border\"","\n2008 Cairns, Australia - \"Bromeliads Down Under\"","\n2010 New Orleans, Louisiana - \"Bromeliads in the Big Easy\"","2012 Orlando, Florida - \"Orlandiana '12\"","\n2014 Honolulu, Hawaii - \"Bromeliads in Paradise\"","\n2018 San Diego, California - \"Fiesta de las Bromelias\""],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBromeliad Society International Archive, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Bromeliad Society International Archive, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection processed by Suphi Burak Ogreten; finding aid prepared by Suphi Burak Ogreten. Materials were arranged in chronological order and then placed in pH neutral folders and boxes. Fragile and high use items were placed in polyester sleeves.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Collection processed by Suphi Burak Ogreten; finding aid prepared by Suphi Burak Ogreten. Materials were arranged in chronological order and then placed in pH neutral folders and boxes. Fragile and high use items were placed in polyester sleeves."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-09\"\u003eThe Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection\u003c/extref\u003e. Collector, Michael A. Spencer amassed this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented in this fine collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08b\"\u003eThe Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead\u003c/extref\u003e, who was a horticulturist and owned an orange grove in Eustis, Florida and developed a property in Oviedo, Florida to research and hybridize plants. The collection contains Mead's notebook and family correspondence, together with a brochure and news clipping about the founding of Mead Gardens in Winter Park, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08c\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally\u003c/extref\u003e. Nally grew bromeliads and other plants on the property that had once belonged to Henry Nehrling at Gotha, Florida. This collection documents both his work at the property and his personal life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08a\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling\u003c/extref\u003e. These materials were collected by Michael Spencer because of his interest in botany and his links with Central Florida. Of particular interest are Nehrling's notebooks, correspondence, photographs and plant labels. The collection also contains a few materials, which belonged to Mr. Spencer concerning the attempts to save Nehrling's Palm Cottage Gardens.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM1999-03\"\u003eHenry Nehrling Papers\u003c/extref\u003e. Henry Nehrling was a horticulturist famous for his gardens in Gotha and Naples, Florida. These papers are primarily manuscripts of his articles in the American Eagle and other writings about plants. They include a few news clippings, plant lists, correspondence and other documentation of a business and personal nature.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2014-09\"\u003eArchival Collection of Dr. Henry H. Nehrling from the Collection of Michael D. Kahn\u003c/extref\u003e. These materials were in the possession of Betty Pooler Mitchell Nehrling, Henry Nehrling's second wife. The collection consists of letters, documents, photographs, postcards and monographs which provides insight into the familial and financial affairs of the Nehrling Gardens. It also offers a look at Henry Nehrling during the tumultuous years of Florida's boom and bust, and a glimpse of his failing physical and mental state while he sought refuge in a quiet communal colony in Southwest Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://www.bsi.org/new/\"\u003eBromeliad Society International\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://www.bsi.org/bsi_info/affiliates/?bylocation\"\u003eAffiliated Societies of Bromeliad Society International\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://www.fcbs.org\"\u003eFlorida Council of Affiliated Societies\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection . Collector, Michael A. Spencer amassed this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented in this fine collection.","The Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead , who was a horticulturist and owned an orange grove in Eustis, Florida and developed a property in Oviedo, Florida to research and hybridize plants. The collection contains Mead's notebook and family correspondence, together with a brochure and news clipping about the founding of Mead Gardens in Winter Park, Florida.","Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally . Nally grew bromeliads and other plants on the property that had once belonged to Henry Nehrling at Gotha, Florida. This collection documents both his work at the property and his personal life.","Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling . These materials were collected by Michael Spencer because of his interest in botany and his links with Central Florida. Of particular interest are Nehrling's notebooks, correspondence, photographs and plant labels. The collection also contains a few materials, which belonged to Mr. Spencer concerning the attempts to save Nehrling's Palm Cottage Gardens.","Henry Nehrling Papers . Henry Nehrling was a horticulturist famous for his gardens in Gotha and Naples, Florida. These papers are primarily manuscripts of his articles in the American Eagle and other writings about plants. They include a few news clippings, plant lists, correspondence and other documentation of a business and personal nature.","Archival Collection of Dr. Henry H. Nehrling from the Collection of Michael D. Kahn . These materials were in the possession of Betty Pooler Mitchell Nehrling, Henry Nehrling's second wife. The collection consists of letters, documents, photographs, postcards and monographs which provides insight into the familial and financial affairs of the Nehrling Gardens. It also offers a look at Henry Nehrling during the tumultuous years of Florida's boom and bust, and a glimpse of his failing physical and mental state while he sought refuge in a quiet communal colony in Southwest Florida.","Bromeliad Society International","Affiliated Societies of Bromeliad Society International","Florida Council of Affiliated Societies"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Records, 1953-2006, contains biographies of Bromeliad Society International members and collected materials on conferences \u0026amp; symposiums, manuscripts, and various correspondence. Series also holds organizational files such as the minutes of the general meeting and the meeting of the board of directors, bylaws \u0026amp; standing rules of the Bromeliad Society, annual reports, financial statements, and affiliate shows committee reports.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Plants, 1942-2003, includes documents that pertain to the registration of cultivar names. Applications for registration of Bromeliad are arranged in alphabetical order first by genus then proposed name. Some of the registrations may contain sample images along with the applications either in print or slide format. Series also holds one folder of articles and clippings related to Bromeliad which are collected by Bromeliad Society International members.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Publications, 1951-2006, holds bromeliad publications from Australia, Brazil, Canada, Czech Republic, Mexico, Switzerland, and United States. Publications are arranged in alphabetical order by country, and then arranged in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Photographs, 1949-2001, in three sub-series; Plants, People, and Digital Files. Most of the bromeliad cultivar photographs and registrar's files are stored in either floppy discs or CD-ROMs. Only one folder contains photographs of Bromeliad Society International members; such as Mulford B. Foster, Ella Kelly and Victoria Padilla.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Memorabilia, 1980-2004, includes Bromeliad Society International pins and posters that were issued for the World Bromeliad Conferences. A number of posters are signed and numbered by the artists, such as John Barbie Jr. and Steve Littlefield.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Additional Materials, 1911-2018, This series holds additional materials received from the Bromeliad Society International (BSI) in 2015, 2016, 2018, and 2022. Some of these materials include a World Bromeliad Conference '72 schedule events and a letter sent out to BSI members from the chair, Patrick Mitchell; a manuscript called \"Bromeliad Hybrids and Cultivars\" compiled by Brian Smith in 1984; \"A Preliminary Listing of All Known Cultivar and Grex Names for the Bromeliaceae\" created by Bromeliad Society, Inc. and arranged by Don A. Beadle, includes named and unnamed grexes, names of collectors, hybridizers, developers, references, and dates; \"First tentative Listing of Bromeliad Cultivars\" prepared by Brian Smith in 1989; four copper color separations for one print; and various publications from Australia, New Zealand, and the United States.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series I: Records, 1953-2006, contains biographies of Bromeliad Society International members and collected materials on conferences \u0026 symposiums, manuscripts, and various correspondence. Series also holds organizational files such as the minutes of the general meeting and the meeting of the board of directors, bylaws \u0026 standing rules of the Bromeliad Society, annual reports, financial statements, and affiliate shows committee reports.","\nSeries II: Plants, 1942-2003, includes documents that pertain to the registration of cultivar names. Applications for registration of Bromeliad are arranged in alphabetical order first by genus then proposed name. Some of the registrations may contain sample images along with the applications either in print or slide format. Series also holds one folder of articles and clippings related to Bromeliad which are collected by Bromeliad Society International members.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1951-2006, holds bromeliad publications from Australia, Brazil, Canada, Czech Republic, Mexico, Switzerland, and United States. Publications are arranged in alphabetical order by country, and then arranged in chronological order.","\nSeries IV: Photographs, 1949-2001, in three sub-series; Plants, People, and Digital Files. Most of the bromeliad cultivar photographs and registrar's files are stored in either floppy discs or CD-ROMs. Only one folder contains photographs of Bromeliad Society International members; such as Mulford B. Foster, Ella Kelly and Victoria Padilla.","\nSeries V: Memorabilia, 1980-2004, includes Bromeliad Society International pins and posters that were issued for the World Bromeliad Conferences. A number of posters are signed and numbered by the artists, such as John Barbie Jr. and Steve Littlefield.","\nSeries VI: Additional Materials, 1911-2018, This series holds additional materials received from the Bromeliad Society International (BSI) in 2015, 2016, 2018, and 2022. Some of these materials include a World Bromeliad Conference '72 schedule events and a letter sent out to BSI members from the chair, Patrick Mitchell; a manuscript called \"Bromeliad Hybrids and Cultivars\" compiled by Brian Smith in 1984; \"A Preliminary Listing of All Known Cultivar and Grex Names for the Bromeliaceae\" created by Bromeliad Society, Inc. and arranged by Don A. Beadle, includes named and unnamed grexes, names of collectors, hybridizers, developers, references, and dates; \"First tentative Listing of Bromeliad Cultivars\" prepared by Brian Smith in 1989; four copper color separations for one print; and various publications from Australia, New Zealand, and the United States."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished records are protected by copyright. Permission to publish quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished records are protected by copyright. Permission to publish quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9ae065e663a8566449eee07dbeca3db9\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive consists of historical materials, including photographs related to cultivation of bromeliads; field notes related to the collection of bromeliads in the wild; list of plant entries in judged bromeliad shows; incoming and outgoing correspondence from early bromeliad growers; biographies; administrative records of the BSI such as, copyright registrations, copies of meeting minutes, annual reports, and bylaws; BSI publications; and ephemera, including posters and pins. The purpose of the BSI is to promote and maintain public and scientific interest in the research, development, preservation, and distribution of bromeliads, both natural and hybrid, throughout the world.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive consists of historical materials, including photographs related to cultivation of bromeliads; field notes related to the collection of bromeliads in the wild; list of plant entries in judged bromeliad shows; incoming and outgoing correspondence from early bromeliad growers; biographies; administrative records of the BSI such as, copyright registrations, copies of meeting minutes, annual reports, and bylaws; BSI publications; and ephemera, including posters and pins. The purpose of the BSI is to promote and maintain public and scientific interest in the research, development, preservation, and distribution of bromeliads, both natural and hybrid, throughout the world."],"names_coll_ssim":["Bromeliad Society International"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society International"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society International"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1613,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870858035398705152,"_root_":"2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:07:37.887Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_67108"}},{"id":"ea10a278e35b143f130f4d56_aspace_d468e776c03d9d84bcf44b797df48d80","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"United States Census Data, Articles on Individuals in the Census Data and Articles on Historic Sites, 1790-2001","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/ea10a278e35b143f130f4d56_aspace_d468e776c03d9d84bcf44b797df48d80#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_d468e776c03d9d84bcf44b797df48d80","ref_ssm":["aspace_d468e776c03d9d84bcf44b797df48d80","aspace_d468e776c03d9d84bcf44b797df48d80"],"id":"ea10a278e35b143f130f4d56_aspace_d468e776c03d9d84bcf44b797df48d80","title_filing_ssi":"United States Census Data, Articles on Individuals in the Census Data and Articles on Historic Sites","title_ssm":["United States Census Data, Articles on Individuals in the Census Data and Articles on Historic Sites"],"title_tesim":["United States Census Data, Articles on Individuals in the Census Data and Articles on Historic Sites"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1790-2001"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1790-2001"],"normalized_title_ssm":["United States Census Data, Articles on Individuals in the Census Data and Articles on Historic Sites, 1790-2001"],"text":["United States Census Data, Articles on Individuals in the Census Data and Articles on Historic Sites, 1790-2001","Carol Mundy: African American Legacy Research Files, 1790-2012","Research Files, 1790-2012, Undated.","Apopka and Ocoee, 1790-2009, Undated","/repositories/4/archival_objects/55932","Box 2","Folder 10"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["ea10a278e35b143f130f4d56","ea10a278e35b143f130f4d56_aspace_seriesI","ea10a278e35b143f130f4d56_aspace_566b4a4ea8e52d9f883800e9dfc5a3fe"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Carol Mundy: African American Legacy Research Files, 1790-2012","Research Files, 1790-2012, Undated.","Apopka and Ocoee, 1790-2009, Undated"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Carol Mundy: African American Legacy Research Files, 1790-2012","Research Files, 1790-2012, Undated.","Apopka and Ocoee, 1790-2009, Undated"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/4/archival_objects/55932"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Carol Mundy: African American Legacy Research Files, 1790-2012"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":23,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001],"containers_ssim":["Box 2","Folder 10"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1/components#3","_nest_parent_":"ea10a278e35b143f130f4d56_aspace_566b4a4ea8e52d9f883800e9dfc5a3fe","_root_":"ea10a278e35b143f130f4d56","_version_":1870857796524703744,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:03:50.193Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"ea10a278e35b143f130f4d56","title_ssm":["Carol Mundy: African American Legacy Research Files"],"title_tesim":["Carol Mundy: African American Legacy Research Files"],"ead_ssi":"ea10a278e35b143f130f4d56","unitdate_ssm":["1790-2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1790-2012"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.121","/repositories/4/resources/220"],"text":["SC.121","/repositories/4/resources/220","Carol Mundy: African American Legacy Research Files, 1790-2012","Apopka (Fla.)--History","Ocoee (Fla.)--History","Eatonville (Fla.)--History","African Americans","African Americans -- Florida -- History","manuscripts (documents)","photographs","The entire collection is open for research.","Ms. Carol Mundy's mother was an antique dealer and this love that Ms. Mundy had for antiques from a young age helped foster an interest and love of history. Ms. Carol Mundy, a former flight attendant was able to travel the world throughout her career. As a result she was able to compile these documents in this collection and its sister collection also house at the UCF Special Collection and University Archives and known as the African American Legacy: the Carol Mundy Collection which hold about one thousand five hundred pieces of history that Ms. Mundy collected previously. The original collection was obtained by the University of Central Florida Special Collections \u0026 University Archives in 2009.","The research files were given to the University of Central Florida History Department through their program known as Regional Initiative for Collecting the History, Experiences and Stories (RICHES). They were housed in the History Department for a number of years and were donated to the University of Central Florida Special Collections \u0026 University Archives. Ms. Mundy saw the University of Central Florida John C. Hitt Library as the perfect institution to house her collection. She also wanted to bring more attention and educate the public and students about the African American Legacy. In 2009, the University of Central Florida, honored Ms. Mundy through the Burnett Honors College. Within the pages of pamphlet handed out at the event that day. In the pamphlet it discusses the importance of preserving and educating youth.","When the University of Central Florida Special Collection \u0026 University Archives received this collection, most of the documents were in three ring binders. Upon receiving the collection the binders were in no particular order and have been organized by city. Some of the documents were put clear sleeves to keep them safe for the time being within the binders. Upon processing this collection, staples, binder clips, and paperclips were removed. The contents that were once in the binders are now housed in acid free folders and boxes.The photographs and the transparency are also housed in clear archival sleeves.","African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1794-2010","The collection is divided into 3 series.","Series I: Research Files, 1790-2012, Undated, consists of documents from three major areas Apopka, Eatonville, and Ocoee. The documents include articles, historic preservation manuals, land plans, census data, draft registration, and plot summaries.","Series II: Manuscripts, 2006-2009, Undated, consists of manuscripts written by Perrine Slim. The name Perrine Slim was a pseudonym for William Gladden Jr. In this series, there is also an article related to one of the manuscripts.","Series III: Photographs, 1920-Circa. 1950's, Undated, includes several photographs primarily of members of the Boykin family and the Gladden family.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","This research collection primarily looks at African American Legacy in small town Florida, including Eatonville, Apopka, and Ocoee. Through photographs, manuscripts, census data, historic home registers, and so much more; you can dive deep into researching these historic African American cities. Delve into the historic homes and their inhabitance of these historic cities through this collection. The documents in this collection are primarily photocopies, or photographs of original documents. 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Ms. Carol Mundy, a former flight attendant was able to travel the world throughout her career. As a result she was able to compile these documents in this collection and its sister collection also house at the UCF Special Collection and University Archives and known as the African American Legacy: the Carol Mundy Collection which hold about one thousand five hundred pieces of history that Ms. Mundy collected previously. The original collection was obtained by the University of Central Florida Special Collections \u0026amp; University Archives in 2009.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe research files were given to the University of Central Florida History Department through their program known as Regional Initiative for Collecting the History, Experiences and Stories (RICHES). They were housed in the History Department for a number of years and were donated to the University of Central Florida Special Collections \u0026amp; University Archives. Ms. Mundy saw the University of Central Florida John C. Hitt Library as the perfect institution to house her collection. She also wanted to bring more attention and educate the public and students about the African American Legacy. In 2009, the University of Central Florida, honored Ms. Mundy through the Burnett Honors College. Within the pages of pamphlet handed out at the event that day. In the pamphlet it discusses the importance of preserving and educating youth.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Ms. Carol Mundy's mother was an antique dealer and this love that Ms. Mundy had for antiques from a young age helped foster an interest and love of history. Ms. Carol Mundy, a former flight attendant was able to travel the world throughout her career. As a result she was able to compile these documents in this collection and its sister collection also house at the UCF Special Collection and University Archives and known as the African American Legacy: the Carol Mundy Collection which hold about one thousand five hundred pieces of history that Ms. Mundy collected previously. The original collection was obtained by the University of Central Florida Special Collections \u0026 University Archives in 2009.","The research files were given to the University of Central Florida History Department through their program known as Regional Initiative for Collecting the History, Experiences and Stories (RICHES). They were housed in the History Department for a number of years and were donated to the University of Central Florida Special Collections \u0026 University Archives. Ms. Mundy saw the University of Central Florida John C. Hitt Library as the perfect institution to house her collection. She also wanted to bring more attention and educate the public and students about the African American Legacy. In 2009, the University of Central Florida, honored Ms. Mundy through the Burnett Honors College. Within the pages of pamphlet handed out at the event that day. In the pamphlet it discusses the importance of preserving and educating youth."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarol Mundy: African American Legacy Research Files, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Carol Mundy: African American Legacy Research Files, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWhen the University of Central Florida Special Collection \u0026amp; University Archives received this collection, most of the documents were in three ring binders. Upon receiving the collection the binders were in no particular order and have been organized by city. Some of the documents were put clear sleeves to keep them safe for the time being within the binders. Upon processing this collection, staples, binder clips, and paperclips were removed. The contents that were once in the binders are now housed in acid free folders and boxes.The photographs and the transparency are also housed in clear archival sleeves.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing History"],"processinfo_tesim":["When the University of Central Florida Special Collection \u0026 University Archives received this collection, most of the documents were in three ring binders. Upon receiving the collection the binders were in no particular order and have been organized by city. Some of the documents were put clear sleeves to keep them safe for the time being within the binders. Upon processing this collection, staples, binder clips, and paperclips were removed. The contents that were once in the binders are now housed in acid free folders and boxes.The photographs and the transparency are also housed in clear archival sleeves."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2009-02\"\u003eAfrican American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1794-2010\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1794-2010"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into 3 series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Research Files, 1790-2012, Undated, consists of documents from three major areas Apopka, Eatonville, and Ocoee. The documents include articles, historic preservation manuals, land plans, census data, draft registration, and plot summaries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Manuscripts, 2006-2009, Undated, consists of manuscripts written by Perrine Slim. The name Perrine Slim was a pseudonym for William Gladden Jr. In this series, there is also an article related to one of the manuscripts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Photographs, 1920-Circa. 1950's, Undated, includes several photographs primarily of members of the Boykin family and the Gladden family.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Collection Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection is divided into 3 series.","Series I: Research Files, 1790-2012, Undated, consists of documents from three major areas Apopka, Eatonville, and Ocoee. The documents include articles, historic preservation manuals, land plans, census data, draft registration, and plot summaries.","Series II: Manuscripts, 2006-2009, Undated, consists of manuscripts written by Perrine Slim. The name Perrine Slim was a pseudonym for William Gladden Jr. In this series, there is also an article related to one of the manuscripts.","Series III: Photographs, 1920-Circa. 1950's, Undated, includes several photographs primarily of members of the Boykin family and the Gladden family."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Copyright Statement"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a3e726e4ada6767d05cdb00c3da6057b\"\u003eThis research collection primarily looks at African American Legacy in small town Florida, including Eatonville, Apopka, and Ocoee. Through photographs, manuscripts, census data, historic home registers, and so much more; you can dive deep into researching these historic African American cities. Delve into the historic homes and their inhabitance of these historic cities through this collection. The documents in this collection are primarily photocopies, or photographs of original documents. The documents in this collection as a result were printed or created recently.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This research collection primarily looks at African American Legacy in small town Florida, including Eatonville, Apopka, and Ocoee. Through photographs, manuscripts, census data, historic home registers, and so much more; you can dive deep into researching these historic African American cities. Delve into the historic homes and their inhabitance of these historic cities through this collection. The documents in this collection are primarily photocopies, or photographs of original documents. The documents in this collection as a result were printed or created recently."],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Mundy, Carol"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Mundy, Carol"],"persname_ssim":["Mundy, Carol"],"language_ssim":["The materials are written in English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":77,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870857796524703744,"_root_":"ea10a278e35b143f130f4d56","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:03:50.193Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/ea10a278e35b143f130f4d56_aspace_d468e776c03d9d84bcf44b797df48d80"}},{"id":"ea10a278e35b143f130f4d56_aspace_736ecb2e49731393569936f62861824a","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"United States Census Data for Ocoee, 1867-1998. 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She also wanted to bring more attention and educate the public and students about the African American Legacy. In 2009, the University of Central Florida, honored Ms. Mundy through the Burnett Honors College. Within the pages of pamphlet handed out at the event that day. In the pamphlet it discusses the importance of preserving and educating youth."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarol Mundy: African American Legacy Research Files, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Carol Mundy: African American Legacy Research Files, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWhen the University of Central Florida Special Collection \u0026amp; University Archives received this collection, most of the documents were in three ring binders. 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The contents that were once in the binders are now housed in acid free folders and boxes.The photographs and the transparency are also housed in clear archival sleeves."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2009-02\"\u003eAfrican American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1794-2010\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1794-2010"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into 3 series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Research Files, 1790-2012, Undated, consists of documents from three major areas Apopka, Eatonville, and Ocoee. The documents include articles, historic preservation manuals, land plans, census data, draft registration, and plot summaries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Manuscripts, 2006-2009, Undated, consists of manuscripts written by Perrine Slim. The name Perrine Slim was a pseudonym for William Gladden Jr. In this series, there is also an article related to one of the manuscripts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Photographs, 1920-Circa. 1950's, Undated, includes several photographs primarily of members of the Boykin family and the Gladden family.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Collection Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection is divided into 3 series.","Series I: Research Files, 1790-2012, Undated, consists of documents from three major areas Apopka, Eatonville, and Ocoee. The documents include articles, historic preservation manuals, land plans, census data, draft registration, and plot summaries.","Series II: Manuscripts, 2006-2009, Undated, consists of manuscripts written by Perrine Slim. The name Perrine Slim was a pseudonym for William Gladden Jr. In this series, there is also an article related to one of the manuscripts.","Series III: Photographs, 1920-Circa. 1950's, Undated, includes several photographs primarily of members of the Boykin family and the Gladden family."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Copyright Statement"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a3e726e4ada6767d05cdb00c3da6057b\"\u003eThis research collection primarily looks at African American Legacy in small town Florida, including Eatonville, Apopka, and Ocoee. Through photographs, manuscripts, census data, historic home registers, and so much more; you can dive deep into researching these historic African American cities. Delve into the historic homes and their inhabitance of these historic cities through this collection. The documents in this collection are primarily photocopies, or photographs of original documents. The documents in this collection as a result were printed or created recently.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This research collection primarily looks at African American Legacy in small town Florida, including Eatonville, Apopka, and Ocoee. Through photographs, manuscripts, census data, historic home registers, and so much more; you can dive deep into researching these historic African American cities. Delve into the historic homes and their inhabitance of these historic cities through this collection. The documents in this collection are primarily photocopies, or photographs of original documents. The documents in this collection as a result were printed or created recently."],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Mundy, Carol"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Mundy, Carol"],"persname_ssim":["Mundy, Carol"],"language_ssim":["The materials are written in English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":77,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870857796524703744,"_root_":"ea10a278e35b143f130f4d56","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:03:50.193Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/ea10a278e35b143f130f4d56_aspace_736ecb2e49731393569936f62861824a"}},{"id":"ea10a278e35b143f130f4d56_aspace_0a4937370a7894e50634840673ac225a","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"United States Federal Census Data for Ocoee, Articles, University of Central Florida African American Studies Pamphlet, 1862-2008, Undated.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/ea10a278e35b143f130f4d56_aspace_0a4937370a7894e50634840673ac225a#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_0a4937370a7894e50634840673ac225a","ref_ssm":["aspace_0a4937370a7894e50634840673ac225a","aspace_0a4937370a7894e50634840673ac225a"],"id":"ea10a278e35b143f130f4d56_aspace_0a4937370a7894e50634840673ac225a","title_filing_ssi":"United States Federal Census Data for Ocoee, Articles, University of Central Florida African American Studies Pamphlet","title_ssm":["United States Federal Census Data for Ocoee, Articles, University of Central Florida African American Studies Pamphlet"],"title_tesim":["United States Federal Census Data for Ocoee, Articles, University of Central Florida African American Studies Pamphlet"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862-2008, Undated."],"normalized_date_ssm":["1862-2008, Undated."],"normalized_title_ssm":["United States Federal Census Data for Ocoee, Articles, University of Central Florida African American Studies Pamphlet, 1862-2008, Undated."],"text":["United States Federal Census Data for Ocoee, Articles, University of Central Florida African American Studies Pamphlet, 1862-2008, Undated.","Carol Mundy: African American Legacy Research Files, 1790-2012","Research Files, 1790-2012, Undated.","Apopka and Ocoee, 1790-2009, Undated","/repositories/4/archival_objects/55934","Box 3","Folder 1"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["ea10a278e35b143f130f4d56","ea10a278e35b143f130f4d56_aspace_seriesI","ea10a278e35b143f130f4d56_aspace_566b4a4ea8e52d9f883800e9dfc5a3fe"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Carol Mundy: African American Legacy Research Files, 1790-2012","Research Files, 1790-2012, Undated.","Apopka and Ocoee, 1790-2009, Undated"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Carol Mundy: African American Legacy Research Files, 1790-2012","Research Files, 1790-2012, Undated.","Apopka and Ocoee, 1790-2009, Undated"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/4/archival_objects/55934"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Carol Mundy: African American Legacy Research Files, 1790-2012"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":25,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"containers_ssim":["Box 3","Folder 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1/components#5","_nest_parent_":"ea10a278e35b143f130f4d56_aspace_566b4a4ea8e52d9f883800e9dfc5a3fe","_root_":"ea10a278e35b143f130f4d56","_version_":1870857796524703744,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:03:50.193Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"ea10a278e35b143f130f4d56","title_ssm":["Carol Mundy: African American Legacy Research Files"],"title_tesim":["Carol Mundy: African American Legacy Research Files"],"ead_ssi":"ea10a278e35b143f130f4d56","unitdate_ssm":["1790-2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1790-2012"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.121","/repositories/4/resources/220"],"text":["SC.121","/repositories/4/resources/220","Carol Mundy: African American Legacy Research Files, 1790-2012","Apopka (Fla.)--History","Ocoee (Fla.)--History","Eatonville (Fla.)--History","African Americans","African Americans -- Florida -- History","manuscripts (documents)","photographs","The entire collection is open for research.","Ms. Carol Mundy's mother was an antique dealer and this love that Ms. Mundy had for antiques from a young age helped foster an interest and love of history. 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Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","This research collection primarily looks at African American Legacy in small town Florida, including Eatonville, Apopka, and Ocoee. Through photographs, manuscripts, census data, historic home registers, and so much more; you can dive deep into researching these historic African American cities. Delve into the historic homes and their inhabitance of these historic cities through this collection. The documents in this collection are primarily photocopies, or photographs of original documents. The documents in this collection as a result were printed or created recently.","UCF Special Collections","Mundy, Carol","The materials are written in English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC.121","/repositories/4/resources/220"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1790-2012"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carol Mundy: African American Legacy Research Files, 1790-2012"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carol Mundy: African American Legacy Research Files, 1790-2012"],"collection_ssim":["Carol Mundy: African American Legacy Research Files, 1790-2012"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Apopka (Fla.)--History","Ocoee (Fla.)--History","Eatonville (Fla.)--History"],"geogname_ssim":["Apopka (Fla.)--History","Ocoee (Fla.)--History","Eatonville (Fla.)--History"],"places_ssim":["Apopka (Fla.)--History","Ocoee (Fla.)--History","Eatonville (Fla.)--History"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Regional Initiative for Collecting the History, Experiences and Stories (RICHES) of Central Florida transferred these materials to the University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections \u0026 University Archives in 2020 (CFM2020_05)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans","African Americans -- Florida -- History","manuscripts (documents)","photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans","African Americans -- Florida -- History","manuscripts (documents)","photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.25 Linear Feet 5 Boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.25 Linear Feet 5 Boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["manuscripts (documents)","photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMs. Carol Mundy's mother was an antique dealer and this love that Ms. Mundy had for antiques from a young age helped foster an interest and love of history. Ms. Carol Mundy, a former flight attendant was able to travel the world throughout her career. As a result she was able to compile these documents in this collection and its sister collection also house at the UCF Special Collection and University Archives and known as the African American Legacy: the Carol Mundy Collection which hold about one thousand five hundred pieces of history that Ms. Mundy collected previously. The original collection was obtained by the University of Central Florida Special Collections \u0026amp; University Archives in 2009.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe research files were given to the University of Central Florida History Department through their program known as Regional Initiative for Collecting the History, Experiences and Stories (RICHES). They were housed in the History Department for a number of years and were donated to the University of Central Florida Special Collections \u0026amp; University Archives. Ms. Mundy saw the University of Central Florida John C. Hitt Library as the perfect institution to house her collection. She also wanted to bring more attention and educate the public and students about the African American Legacy. In 2009, the University of Central Florida, honored Ms. Mundy through the Burnett Honors College. Within the pages of pamphlet handed out at the event that day. In the pamphlet it discusses the importance of preserving and educating youth.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Ms. Carol Mundy's mother was an antique dealer and this love that Ms. Mundy had for antiques from a young age helped foster an interest and love of history. Ms. Carol Mundy, a former flight attendant was able to travel the world throughout her career. As a result she was able to compile these documents in this collection and its sister collection also house at the UCF Special Collection and University Archives and known as the African American Legacy: the Carol Mundy Collection which hold about one thousand five hundred pieces of history that Ms. Mundy collected previously. The original collection was obtained by the University of Central Florida Special Collections \u0026 University Archives in 2009.","The research files were given to the University of Central Florida History Department through their program known as Regional Initiative for Collecting the History, Experiences and Stories (RICHES). They were housed in the History Department for a number of years and were donated to the University of Central Florida Special Collections \u0026 University Archives. Ms. Mundy saw the University of Central Florida John C. Hitt Library as the perfect institution to house her collection. She also wanted to bring more attention and educate the public and students about the African American Legacy. In 2009, the University of Central Florida, honored Ms. Mundy through the Burnett Honors College. Within the pages of pamphlet handed out at the event that day. In the pamphlet it discusses the importance of preserving and educating youth."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarol Mundy: African American Legacy Research Files, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Carol Mundy: African American Legacy Research Files, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWhen the University of Central Florida Special Collection \u0026amp; University Archives received this collection, most of the documents were in three ring binders. Upon receiving the collection the binders were in no particular order and have been organized by city. Some of the documents were put clear sleeves to keep them safe for the time being within the binders. Upon processing this collection, staples, binder clips, and paperclips were removed. The contents that were once in the binders are now housed in acid free folders and boxes.The photographs and the transparency are also housed in clear archival sleeves.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing History"],"processinfo_tesim":["When the University of Central Florida Special Collection \u0026 University Archives received this collection, most of the documents were in three ring binders. Upon receiving the collection the binders were in no particular order and have been organized by city. Some of the documents were put clear sleeves to keep them safe for the time being within the binders. Upon processing this collection, staples, binder clips, and paperclips were removed. The contents that were once in the binders are now housed in acid free folders and boxes.The photographs and the transparency are also housed in clear archival sleeves."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2009-02\"\u003eAfrican American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1794-2010\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1794-2010"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into 3 series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Research Files, 1790-2012, Undated, consists of documents from three major areas Apopka, Eatonville, and Ocoee. The documents include articles, historic preservation manuals, land plans, census data, draft registration, and plot summaries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Manuscripts, 2006-2009, Undated, consists of manuscripts written by Perrine Slim. The name Perrine Slim was a pseudonym for William Gladden Jr. In this series, there is also an article related to one of the manuscripts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Photographs, 1920-Circa. 1950's, Undated, includes several photographs primarily of members of the Boykin family and the Gladden family.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Collection Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection is divided into 3 series.","Series I: Research Files, 1790-2012, Undated, consists of documents from three major areas Apopka, Eatonville, and Ocoee. The documents include articles, historic preservation manuals, land plans, census data, draft registration, and plot summaries.","Series II: Manuscripts, 2006-2009, Undated, consists of manuscripts written by Perrine Slim. The name Perrine Slim was a pseudonym for William Gladden Jr. In this series, there is also an article related to one of the manuscripts.","Series III: Photographs, 1920-Circa. 1950's, Undated, includes several photographs primarily of members of the Boykin family and the Gladden family."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Copyright Statement"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a3e726e4ada6767d05cdb00c3da6057b\"\u003eThis research collection primarily looks at African American Legacy in small town Florida, including Eatonville, Apopka, and Ocoee. Through photographs, manuscripts, census data, historic home registers, and so much more; you can dive deep into researching these historic African American cities. Delve into the historic homes and their inhabitance of these historic cities through this collection. The documents in this collection are primarily photocopies, or photographs of original documents. The documents in this collection as a result were printed or created recently.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This research collection primarily looks at African American Legacy in small town Florida, including Eatonville, Apopka, and Ocoee. Through photographs, manuscripts, census data, historic home registers, and so much more; you can dive deep into researching these historic African American cities. Delve into the historic homes and their inhabitance of these historic cities through this collection. The documents in this collection are primarily photocopies, or photographs of original documents. The documents in this collection as a result were printed or created recently."],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Mundy, Carol"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Mundy, Carol"],"persname_ssim":["Mundy, Carol"],"language_ssim":["The materials are written in English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":77,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870857796524703744,"_root_":"ea10a278e35b143f130f4d56","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:03:50.193Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/ea10a278e35b143f130f4d56_aspace_0a4937370a7894e50634840673ac225a"}},{"id":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_5e5fa12205785f78999b522c77ac0afb","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"United States of America, 1941-1999, Undated","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_5e5fa12205785f78999b522c77ac0afb#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_5e5fa12205785f78999b522c77ac0afb","ref_ssm":["aspace_5e5fa12205785f78999b522c77ac0afb","aspace_5e5fa12205785f78999b522c77ac0afb"],"id":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_5e5fa12205785f78999b522c77ac0afb","title_filing_ssi":"United States of America","title_ssm":["United States of America"],"title_tesim":["United States of America"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1941-1999, Undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1941-1999, Undated"],"normalized_title_ssm":["United States of America, 1941-1999, Undated"],"text":["United States of America, 1941-1999, Undated","José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated","International News, 1912-2009, Undated","Folder 6","/repositories/4/archival_objects/54006","box 9","folder 6"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_e0da8a351e89d497ae16650ae623f50e","725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_9bff358be83a4cbef24ed688963aab7c"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated","International News, 1912-2009, Undated"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated","International News, 1912-2009, Undated"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 6","/repositories/4/archival_objects/54006"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":128,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"containers_ssim":["box 9","folder 6"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#18/components#10","_nest_parent_":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_9bff358be83a4cbef24ed688963aab7c","_root_":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","_version_":1870857755411087360,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:03:10.972Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","title_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection"],"title_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection"],"ead_ssi":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","unitdate_ssm":["1887-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1887-2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204"],"text":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204","José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs","Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","The entire collection is open for research.","José Guerra Alemán was born to José Guerra and Herminia Alemán-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as José Guerra Alemán, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pepín. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pepín. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.","In his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ejército) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 División de Infantería) called División Relámpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.","Once he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of Él País, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.","One of those encounters, José Guerra Alemán climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with José García and Eduardo Hernández (Guayo) in the same company. José Guerra Alemán directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.","With his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote Aún Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayorías Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (Díalogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biografía de su Abuelo el General José Braulio Alemán). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.","Understanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of José Guerra Alemán's identity. Jose Guerra Alemán's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named José Braulio Guerra Alemán fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, José Manuel Alemán, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ramón Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Auténtico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.","He rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alemán. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business.","Materials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately.","Books collected by José Guerra Alemán can be found by performing a series search for \"José Guerra Alemán Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog.","This collection was arranged in seven series:","\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alemán took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.","\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alemán used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.","\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. ","\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of José G. Alemán and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".","\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.","\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\"","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder.","The collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist José Guerra Alemán. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita.","UCF Special Collections","Guerra Alemán, José","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1887-2013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"collection_title_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"collection_ssim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"geogname_ssim":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"creator_ssm":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creator_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creators_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"places_ssim":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated by Carlos Guerra, José Guerra Alemán's son, to the University of Central Florida Libraries in 2014. (CFM2014_07)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["17.5 Linear Feet 20 boxes, 1 Flat File"],"extent_tesim":["17.5 Linear Feet 20 boxes, 1 Flat File"],"genreform_ssim":["correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"date_range_isim":[1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n was born to Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra and Herminia Alem\u0026#xE1;n-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pep\u0026#xED;n. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pep\u0026#xED;n. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ej\u0026#xE9;rcito) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 Divisi\u0026#xF3;n de Infanter\u0026#xED;a) called Divisi\u0026#xF3;n Rel\u0026#xE1;mpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOnce he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of \u0026#xC9;l Pa\u0026#xED;s, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOne of those encounters, Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with Jos\u0026#xE9; Garc\u0026#xED;a and Eduardo Hern\u0026#xE1;ndez (Guayo) in the same company. Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWith his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote A\u0026#xFA;n Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayor\u0026#xED;as Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (D\u0026#xED;alogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biograf\u0026#xED;a de su Abuelo el General Jos\u0026#xE9; Braulio Alem\u0026#xE1;n). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnderstanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n's identity. Jose Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named Jos\u0026#xE9; Braulio Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, Jos\u0026#xE9; Manuel Alem\u0026#xE1;n, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ram\u0026#xF3;n Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Aut\u0026#xE9;ntico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alem\u0026#xE1;n. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán was born to José Guerra and Herminia Alemán-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as José Guerra Alemán, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pepín. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pepín. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.","In his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ejército) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 División de Infantería) called División Relámpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.","Once he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of Él País, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.","One of those encounters, José Guerra Alemán climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with José García and Eduardo Hernández (Guayo) in the same company. José Guerra Alemán directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.","With his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote Aún Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayorías Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (Díalogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biografía de su Abuelo el General José Braulio Alemán). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.","Understanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of José Guerra Alemán's identity. Jose Guerra Alemán's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named José Braulio Guerra Alemán fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, José Manuel Alemán, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ramón Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Auténtico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.","He rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alemán. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n Collection, Special Collections and UniversityArchives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, Special Collections and UniversityArchives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Materials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks collected by Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n can be found by performing a series search for \"Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Books collected by José Guerra Alemán can be found by performing a series search for \"José Guerra Alemán Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was arranged in seven series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alem\u0026#xE1;n took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alem\u0026#xE1;n used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of Jos\u0026#xE9; G. Alem\u0026#xE1;n and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection was arranged in seven series:","\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alemán took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.","\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alemán used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.","\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. ","\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of José G. Alemán and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".","\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.","\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e4d41ff341ce7470c0d40282c3f71dd8\"\u003eThe collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist José Guerra Alemán. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita."],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Guerra Alemán, José"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":282,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870857755411087360,"_root_":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:03:10.972Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_5e5fa12205785f78999b522c77ac0afb"}},{"id":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_48d677d9cfd829eb732e255a5227ef35","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"United States of America, 1965-1987, Undated","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_48d677d9cfd829eb732e255a5227ef35#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_48d677d9cfd829eb732e255a5227ef35","ref_ssm":["aspace_48d677d9cfd829eb732e255a5227ef35","aspace_48d677d9cfd829eb732e255a5227ef35"],"id":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_48d677d9cfd829eb732e255a5227ef35","title_filing_ssi":"United States of America","title_ssm":["United States of America"],"title_tesim":["United States of America"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1965-1987, Undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1965-1987, Undated"],"normalized_title_ssm":["United States of America, 1965-1987, Undated"],"text":["United States of America, 1965-1987, Undated","José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated","International News, 1912-2009, Undated","Folder 5","/repositories/4/archival_objects/54005","box 9","folder 5"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_e0da8a351e89d497ae16650ae623f50e","725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_9bff358be83a4cbef24ed688963aab7c"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated","International News, 1912-2009, Undated"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated","International News, 1912-2009, Undated"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 5","/repositories/4/archival_objects/54005"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":127,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987],"containers_ssim":["box 9","folder 5"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#18/components#9","_nest_parent_":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_9bff358be83a4cbef24ed688963aab7c","_root_":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","_version_":1870857755411087360,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:03:10.972Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","title_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection"],"title_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection"],"ead_ssi":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","unitdate_ssm":["1887-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1887-2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204"],"text":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204","José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs","Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","The entire collection is open for research.","José Guerra Alemán was born to José Guerra and Herminia Alemán-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as José Guerra Alemán, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pepín. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pepín. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.","In his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ejército) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 División de Infantería) called División Relámpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.","Once he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of Él País, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.","One of those encounters, José Guerra Alemán climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with José García and Eduardo Hernández (Guayo) in the same company. José Guerra Alemán directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.","With his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote Aún Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayorías Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (Díalogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biografía de su Abuelo el General José Braulio Alemán). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.","Understanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of José Guerra Alemán's identity. Jose Guerra Alemán's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named José Braulio Guerra Alemán fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, José Manuel Alemán, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ramón Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Auténtico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.","He rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alemán. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business.","Materials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately.","Books collected by José Guerra Alemán can be found by performing a series search for \"José Guerra Alemán Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog.","This collection was arranged in seven series:","\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alemán took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.","\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alemán used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.","\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. ","\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of José G. Alemán and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".","\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.","\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\"","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder.","The collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist José Guerra Alemán. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita.","UCF Special Collections","Guerra Alemán, José","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1887-2013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"collection_title_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"collection_ssim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"geogname_ssim":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"creator_ssm":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creator_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creators_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"places_ssim":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated by Carlos Guerra, José Guerra Alemán's son, to the University of Central Florida Libraries in 2014. (CFM2014_07)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["17.5 Linear Feet 20 boxes, 1 Flat File"],"extent_tesim":["17.5 Linear Feet 20 boxes, 1 Flat File"],"genreform_ssim":["correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"date_range_isim":[1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n was born to Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra and Herminia Alem\u0026#xE1;n-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pep\u0026#xED;n. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pep\u0026#xED;n. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ej\u0026#xE9;rcito) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 Divisi\u0026#xF3;n de Infanter\u0026#xED;a) called Divisi\u0026#xF3;n Rel\u0026#xE1;mpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOnce he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of \u0026#xC9;l Pa\u0026#xED;s, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOne of those encounters, Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with Jos\u0026#xE9; Garc\u0026#xED;a and Eduardo Hern\u0026#xE1;ndez (Guayo) in the same company. Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWith his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote A\u0026#xFA;n Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayor\u0026#xED;as Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (D\u0026#xED;alogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biograf\u0026#xED;a de su Abuelo el General Jos\u0026#xE9; Braulio Alem\u0026#xE1;n). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnderstanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n's identity. Jose Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named Jos\u0026#xE9; Braulio Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, Jos\u0026#xE9; Manuel Alem\u0026#xE1;n, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ram\u0026#xF3;n Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Aut\u0026#xE9;ntico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alem\u0026#xE1;n. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán was born to José Guerra and Herminia Alemán-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as José Guerra Alemán, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pepín. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pepín. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.","In his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ejército) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 División de Infantería) called División Relámpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.","Once he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of Él País, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.","One of those encounters, José Guerra Alemán climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with José García and Eduardo Hernández (Guayo) in the same company. José Guerra Alemán directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.","With his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote Aún Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayorías Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (Díalogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biografía de su Abuelo el General José Braulio Alemán). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.","Understanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of José Guerra Alemán's identity. Jose Guerra Alemán's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named José Braulio Guerra Alemán fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, José Manuel Alemán, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ramón Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Auténtico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.","He rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alemán. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n Collection, Special Collections and UniversityArchives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, Special Collections and UniversityArchives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Materials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks collected by Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n can be found by performing a series search for \"Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Books collected by José Guerra Alemán can be found by performing a series search for \"José Guerra Alemán Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was arranged in seven series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alem\u0026#xE1;n took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alem\u0026#xE1;n used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of Jos\u0026#xE9; G. Alem\u0026#xE1;n and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection was arranged in seven series:","\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alemán took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.","\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alemán used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.","\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. ","\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of José G. Alemán and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".","\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.","\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e4d41ff341ce7470c0d40282c3f71dd8\"\u003eThe collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist José Guerra Alemán. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita."],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Guerra Alemán, José"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":282,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870857755411087360,"_root_":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:03:10.972Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_48d677d9cfd829eb732e255a5227ef35"}},{"id":"d30d450ad5c3cc83ec59c62c_aspace_a8753e8940d0bfebe944cbccf88e4789","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"University Center: A Short History, bulk 1969-1972","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/d30d450ad5c3cc83ec59c62c_aspace_a8753e8940d0bfebe944cbccf88e4789#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eTwo copies of \"The University Center: A Short History\" written by President Kenneth R. Williams, October 4, 1972, one copy is Marked with corrections; Listing of each area of the University Center in both segments 1 and 2; Planning Committee meeting minutes, January 17, 1969; University Center Dedication Planning Committee minutes, August 21, 1972\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/d30d450ad5c3cc83ec59c62c_aspace_a8753e8940d0bfebe944cbccf88e4789#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_a8753e8940d0bfebe944cbccf88e4789","ref_ssm":["aspace_a8753e8940d0bfebe944cbccf88e4789","aspace_a8753e8940d0bfebe944cbccf88e4789"],"id":"d30d450ad5c3cc83ec59c62c_aspace_a8753e8940d0bfebe944cbccf88e4789","title_filing_ssi":"University Center: A Short History","title_ssm":["University Center: A Short History"],"title_tesim":["University Center: A Short History"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1969-1972"],"normalized_date_ssm":["bulk 1969-1972"],"normalized_title_ssm":["University Center: A Short History, bulk 1969-1972"],"text":["University Center: A Short History, bulk 1969-1972","University Center, bulk 1964-1995","University Center, bulk 1964-1995","/repositories/2/archival_objects/70544","box 2","folder 1","Two copies of \"The University Center: A Short History\" written by President Kenneth R. 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