{"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1967\u0026page=244\u0026view=compact","prev":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1967\u0026page=243\u0026view=compact","next":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1967\u0026page=245\u0026view=compact","last":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1967\u0026page=453\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":244,"next_page":245,"prev_page":243,"total_pages":453,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":2430,"total_count":4528,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"fcab20b88f8ed86bfbd56dc2_aspace_e8f987b257fc84d81c56a88e464ded01","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Letters of recommendation and thank you correspondence, 1952 - 1969","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/fcab20b88f8ed86bfbd56dc2_aspace_e8f987b257fc84d81c56a88e464ded01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_e8f987b257fc84d81c56a88e464ded01","ref_ssm":["aspace_e8f987b257fc84d81c56a88e464ded01","aspace_e8f987b257fc84d81c56a88e464ded01"],"id":"fcab20b88f8ed86bfbd56dc2_aspace_e8f987b257fc84d81c56a88e464ded01","title_filing_ssi":"Letters of recommendation and thank you correspondence","title_ssm":["Letters of recommendation and thank you correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Letters of recommendation and thank you correspondence"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1952 - 1969"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1952 - 1969"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Letters of recommendation and thank you correspondence, 1952 - 1969"],"text":["Letters of recommendation and thank you correspondence, 1952 - 1969","Easter Lily Gates Collection, 1898-1982","Professional Papers, Circa 1898-1979","/repositories/4/archival_objects/3699","box 12","folder 208"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["fcab20b88f8ed86bfbd56dc2","fcab20b88f8ed86bfbd56dc2_aspace_466aff297e2e90dde111ffa8f99c03a3"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Easter Lily Gates Collection, 1898-1982","Professional Papers, Circa 1898-1979"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Easter Lily Gates Collection, 1898-1982","Professional Papers, Circa 1898-1979"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/4/archival_objects/3699"],"repository_ssim":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Easter Lily Gates Collection, 1898-1982"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":212,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The Easter Lily Gates Collection is open for research."],"date_range_isim":[1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969],"containers_ssim":["box 12","folder 208"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#22","_nest_parent_":"fcab20b88f8ed86bfbd56dc2_aspace_466aff297e2e90dde111ffa8f99c03a3","_root_":"fcab20b88f8ed86bfbd56dc2","_version_":1875370525482549248,"timestamp":"2026-09-04T03:31:43.893Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"fcab20b88f8ed86bfbd56dc2","title_filing_ssi":"Gates, Easter Lily Collection","title_ssm":["Easter Lily Gates Collection"],"title_tesim":["Easter Lily Gates Collection"],"ead_ssi":"fcab20b88f8ed86bfbd56dc2","unitdate_ssm":["1898-1982"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1898-1982"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["BCHA.2021.1","/repositories/4/resources/179"],"text":["BCHA.2021.1","/repositories/4/resources/179","Easter Lily Gates Collection, 1898-1982","Broward County (Fla.)","Gates, Easter Lily, 1889-1985 -- Correspondence","Broward County (Fla.). Board of County Commissioners","Voter registration -- Florida -- Broward County","Voting -- Florida -- Broward County","Elections -- Florida -- Broward County","Photographs","Hats","Programs","Maps","Certificates","The collection is arranged into 6 series: Series I. Correspondence, Series II. Professional Papers, Series III. Personal Papers, Series IV. Printed Materials, Series V. Awards, and Series VI. Ephemera.","Easter Lily Biblo Gates was born on April 21, 1889, in Des Moines, Iowa to parents Elijah and Etta Biblo. Easter Lily Gates travelled west with her family by covered wagon to Utah and Nevada. She made hats as a store clerk at 17 years old. On January 20, 1910, she married George Peter Gates.","Easter and George Gates moved to Fort Lauderdale, Florida in 1918. They had two sons named Robert and Theodore. In 1926, Easter Lily saved her family in a severe hurricane by carrying her husband and two sons to the second floor of their home; they lost everything they owned and two weeks later her husband died from anemia. To provide for her children, Gates became Broward County's first female bus driver. In 1928, she ran for and won the  Supervisor of Elections job.  She maintained this position for 40 years, from 1929 to 1969. Easter Lily Gates registered Broward County's first Seminole and African-American voters.","Easter Lily Gates retired in 1969 at 80 years old. At 92 years old, she moved to Tampa, Florida and Thomasville, Georgia to live with her sons. Easter Lily Gates entered a nursing home in Tampa before her death. She died in February 1985.","This collection received file level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.","View a selection of digitized materials from the Easter Lily Gates Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives.","The Easter Lily Gates Collection contains correspondence, photographs, printed materials, maps, prayer books, awards, political and election materials documenting the professional and personal life of Easter Lily Gates.","The Easter Lily Gates Collection is open for research."," Broward County Historical Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["BCHA.2021.1","/repositories/4/resources/179"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1898-1982"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Easter Lily Gates Collection, 1898-1982"],"collection_title_tesim":["Easter Lily Gates Collection, 1898-1982"],"collection_ssim":["Easter Lily Gates Collection, 1898-1982"],"repository_ssm":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Broward County (Fla.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Broward County (Fla.)"],"places_ssim":["Broward County (Fla.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The Easter Lily Gates Collection is open for research."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Gates, Easter Lily, 1889-1985 -- Correspondence","Broward County (Fla.). Board of County Commissioners","Voter registration -- Florida -- Broward County","Voting -- Florida -- Broward County","Elections -- Florida -- Broward County","Photographs","Hats","Programs","Maps","Certificates"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Gates, Easter Lily, 1889-1985 -- Correspondence","Broward County (Fla.). Board of County Commissioners","Voter registration -- Florida -- Broward County","Voting -- Florida -- Broward County","Elections -- Florida -- Broward County","Photographs","Hats","Programs","Maps","Certificates"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["33 Hollinger Boxes"],"extent_tesim":["33 Hollinger Boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs","Hats","Programs","Maps","Certificates"],"date_range_isim":[1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into 6 series: Series I. Correspondence, Series II. Professional Papers, Series III. Personal Papers, Series IV. Printed Materials, Series V. Awards, and Series VI. Ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into 6 series: Series I. Correspondence, Series II. Professional Papers, Series III. Personal Papers, Series IV. Printed Materials, Series V. Awards, and Series VI. Ephemera."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEaster Lily Biblo Gates was born on April 21, 1889, in Des Moines, Iowa to parents Elijah and Etta Biblo. Easter Lily Gates travelled west with her family by covered wagon to Utah and Nevada. She made hats as a store clerk at 17 years old. On January 20, 1910, she married George Peter Gates.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEaster and George Gates moved to Fort Lauderdale, Florida in 1918. They had two sons named Robert and Theodore. In 1926, Easter Lily saved her family in a severe hurricane by carrying her husband and two sons to the second floor of their home; they lost everything they owned and two weeks later her husband died from anemia. To provide for her children, Gates became Broward County's first female bus driver. In 1928, she ran for and won the  Supervisor of Elections job.  She maintained this position for 40 years, from 1929 to 1969. Easter Lily Gates registered Broward County's first Seminole and African-American voters.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEaster Lily Gates retired in 1969 at 80 years old. At 92 years old, she moved to Tampa, Florida and Thomasville, Georgia to live with her sons. Easter Lily Gates entered a nursing home in Tampa before her death. She died in February 1985.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Easter Lily Biblo Gates was born on April 21, 1889, in Des Moines, Iowa to parents Elijah and Etta Biblo. Easter Lily Gates travelled west with her family by covered wagon to Utah and Nevada. She made hats as a store clerk at 17 years old. On January 20, 1910, she married George Peter Gates.","Easter and George Gates moved to Fort Lauderdale, Florida in 1918. They had two sons named Robert and Theodore. In 1926, Easter Lily saved her family in a severe hurricane by carrying her husband and two sons to the second floor of their home; they lost everything they owned and two weeks later her husband died from anemia. To provide for her children, Gates became Broward County's first female bus driver. In 1928, she ran for and won the  Supervisor of Elections job.  She maintained this position for 40 years, from 1929 to 1969. Easter Lily Gates registered Broward County's first Seminole and African-American voters.","Easter Lily Gates retired in 1969 at 80 years old. At 92 years old, she moved to Tampa, Florida and Thomasville, Georgia to live with her sons. Easter Lily Gates entered a nursing home in Tampa before her death. She died in February 1985."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEaster Lily Gates Collection, Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Easter Lily Gates Collection, Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection received file level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection received file level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://digitalarchives.broward.org/digital/collection/elgates/search\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eView a selection of digitized materials from the Easter Lily Gates Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["View a selection of digitized materials from the Easter Lily Gates Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Easter Lily Gates Collection contains correspondence, photographs, printed materials, maps, prayer books, awards, political and election materials documenting the professional and personal life of Easter Lily Gates.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Easter Lily Gates Collection contains correspondence, photographs, printed materials, maps, prayer books, awards, political and election materials documenting the professional and personal life of Easter Lily Gates."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Easter Lily Gates Collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The Easter Lily Gates Collection is open for research."],"names_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives"],"corpname_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":501,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1875370525482549248,"_root_":"fcab20b88f8ed86bfbd56dc2","timestamp":"2026-09-04T03:31:43.893Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/fcab20b88f8ed86bfbd56dc2_aspace_e8f987b257fc84d81c56a88e464ded01"}},{"id":"28d7586342368d6dd25a48c1_aspace_ef47ba27ed2dd13eaf94e94080a5f2b5","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Letters of Support for City Council Ward 8 Election, 1967-05-01-1967-05-09","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/28d7586342368d6dd25a48c1_aspace_ef47ba27ed2dd13eaf94e94080a5f2b5#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_ef47ba27ed2dd13eaf94e94080a5f2b5","ref_ssm":["aspace_ef47ba27ed2dd13eaf94e94080a5f2b5","aspace_ef47ba27ed2dd13eaf94e94080a5f2b5"],"id":"28d7586342368d6dd25a48c1_aspace_ef47ba27ed2dd13eaf94e94080a5f2b5","title_filing_ssi":"Letters of Support for City Council Ward 8 Election","title_ssm":["Letters of Support for City Council Ward 8 Election"],"title_tesim":["Letters of Support for City Council Ward 8 Election"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1967-05-01-1967-05-09"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1967-05-01-1967-05-09"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Letters of Support for City Council Ward 8 Election, 1967-05-01-1967-05-09"],"text":["Letters of Support for City Council Ward 8 Election, 1967-05-01-1967-05-09","Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers, 1967-2008","Campaign Materials, undated, 1967-05 - 1967-07","/repositories/3/archival_objects/10840","box 1","folder 8"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["28d7586342368d6dd25a48c1","28d7586342368d6dd25a48c1_aspace_0a142a915c9df957f1be6393c8cd6974"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers, 1967-2008","Campaign Materials, undated, 1967-05 - 1967-07"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers, 1967-2008","Campaign Materials, undated, 1967-05 - 1967-07"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/3/archival_objects/10840"],"repository_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers, 1967-2008"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":9,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"date_range_isim":[1967],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 8"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#7","_nest_parent_":"28d7586342368d6dd25a48c1_aspace_0a142a915c9df957f1be6393c8cd6974","_root_":"28d7586342368d6dd25a48c1","timestamp":"2026-04-25T03:06:44.656Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"28d7586342368d6dd25a48c1","title_ssm":["Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers"],"ead_ssi":"28d7586342368d6dd25a48c1","unitdate_ssm":["1967-2008"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1967-2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["2007.004","/repositories/3/resources/50"],"text":["2007.004","/repositories/3/resources/50","Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers, 1967-2008","Duval County (Fla.)--Politics and government--20th century.","Florida--Politics and government--1951-","Jacksonville (Fla.)--History--20th century.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Politics and government--20th century.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Biography.","Metropolitan government--Florida--Jacksonville.","Printed materials","The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.","Homer Hudson Humphries, Jr., was born in Jacksonville, Florida on January 15, 1930, and attended local schools. After graduation from the Bolles School, he received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1958 from the University of Virginia, and a Bachelor of Laws degree from Stetson University in 1961. His early legal work included positions as the Assistant Duval County Solicitor (1963-1965), and Assistant State Attorney for Duval County (1965-1967). In June 1967, he was elected from Ward 8 to the Jacksonville City Council (prior to Consolidation), and under the new consolidated government, won election to the City Council from District 13. He became Council President on July 1, 1970, the third and the last President of consolidated government's first City Council. In 1971, he did not seek re-election to the Council, and returned to private law practice in Jacksonville.","Humphries was active in a number of civic, fraternal, professional, and religious organizations. A month after Humphries left the Council in 1971, Mayor Hans Tanzler appointed him to the first Downtown Development Authority (DDA), and he served the next eight years as DDA Chairman. In 1989, he was appointed to the Fourth Judicial Nominating Commission by Florida Governor Bob Martinez, and served a four-year term until 1992. Other civic activities included service affiliations with the Florida League of Cities, Florida Community College, Jacksonville Chamber of Commerce, Jacksonville Children's Museum, and St. Luke's Hospital.","His involvement with the University of North Florida deserves special mention. In 1969, as a member of the Jacksonville City Council, he was a strong supporter of the present suburban location for the University versus an urban site as proposed by other Council members. He was appointed to the first University of North Florida Foundation Board of Trustees, and was elected Foundation Board President in 1976-77. For his extensive service to the University, he was awarded a UNF Presidential medallion in October 2008.","Humphries had a long and distinguished service in the U.S. military. In 1953, he enlisted in the United States Air Force, and entered the Cadet Aviation Program. He served in the U.S. and overseas as a squadron pilot until his release from active duty in 1958 to pursue his civilian education. Subsequently, he joined the Florida Air National Guard, serving in several capacities where he held leadership positions: Air Operations Officer for State Headquarters (1972); Lieutenant Colonel and Director of Operations (1976-77); Chief of Staff and promotion to Colonel (1980); and promotion to Brigadier General in 1984. He retired from the Guard in 1989, and was awarded the Legion of Merit medal for his 36 years of outstanding military service.","The collection contains materials relating to Humphries' political activities, chiefly his tenure on the Jacksonville City Council from 1967-1971. The core of the collection are newspaper clippings pertaining to the Council's activities under the new consolidated government. Additional printed materials provide documentation on the site selection of the University of North Florida in 1969.","The Humphries Papers are of interest to scholars researching Jacksonville's consolidation period, as well as providing information on Humphries as a key political figure during the same time period. The collection, when used in conjunction with other sources such as the Jacksonville, Florida, Government Consolidation Collection and the Richard A. Martin Papers, provides insights and documentation on a pivotal era of Jacksonville history.","The collection has eight series:","Series 1 - Campaign Materials for Humphries' City Council Elections include correspondence, newspaper ads and articles, sample ballots and other general information about the elections and Humphries' candidacy.","Series 2 - City Council includes primarily newspaper articles about City Council activities including consolidation. There is also a Consolidation Day program, a copy of the Consolidation Resolution and a small amount of correspondence.","Series 3 - Florida Air National Guard (FANG) has a few articles and a certificate of appreciation regarding Humphries affiliation with the organization.","Series 4 - Florida Times Union includes some letters to the editor that Humphries authored.","Series 5 - is Humphries' obituary.","Series 6 - Publications includes a memoir authored by Humphries.","Series 7 - St. Luke's Hospital Association Executive Committee consists of a 1967 Annual Report that includes mention of Humphries as a Special Representative to the Executive Committee.","Series 8 - University of North Florida (UNF) Board of Trustees includes newspaper articles, a transcript of an interview, a copy of the Resolution to convey the property for the building of UNF, and a Founders Day program showing that Humphries received a UNF Presidential Medallion in 2008 for his service in creating the university.","Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information","UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","Jacksonville (Fla.) City Council.","University of North Florida.","Humphries, Homer H., Jr., 1930-","Humphries, Homer H., 1930-","English"],"unitid_tesim":["2007.004","/repositories/3/resources/50"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1967-2008"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers, 1967-2008"],"collection_title_tesim":["Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers, 1967-2008"],"collection_ssim":["Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers, 1967-2008"],"repository_ssm":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Duval County (Fla.)--Politics and government--20th century.","Florida--Politics and government--1951-","Jacksonville (Fla.)--History--20th century.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Politics and government--20th century."],"geogname_ssim":["Duval County (Fla.)--Politics and government--20th century.","Florida--Politics and government--1951-","Jacksonville (Fla.)--History--20th century.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Politics and government--20th century."],"creator_ssm":["Humphries, Homer H., Jr., 1930-"],"creator_ssim":["Humphries, Homer H., Jr., 1930-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Humphries, Homer H., Jr., 1930-"],"creators_ssim":["Humphries, Homer H., Jr., 1930-"],"places_ssim":["Duval County (Fla.)--Politics and government--20th century.","Florida--Politics and government--1951-","Jacksonville (Fla.)--History--20th century.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Politics and government--20th century."],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was acquired through donation from Homer Humphries, 2007"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Jacksonville (Fla.)--Biography.","Metropolitan government--Florida--Jacksonville.","Printed materials"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Jacksonville (Fla.)--Biography.","Metropolitan government--Florida--Jacksonville.","Printed materials"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["2.50 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Printed materials"],"date_range_isim":[1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHomer Hudson Humphries, Jr., was born in Jacksonville, Florida on January 15, 1930, and attended local schools. After graduation from the Bolles School, he received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1958 from the University of Virginia, and a Bachelor of Laws degree from Stetson University in 1961. His early legal work included positions as the Assistant Duval County Solicitor (1963-1965), and Assistant State Attorney for Duval County (1965-1967). In June 1967, he was elected from Ward 8 to the Jacksonville City Council (prior to Consolidation), and under the new consolidated government, won election to the City Council from District 13. He became Council President on July 1, 1970, the third and the last President of consolidated government's first City Council. In 1971, he did not seek re-election to the Council, and returned to private law practice in Jacksonville.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHumphries was active in a number of civic, fraternal, professional, and religious organizations. A month after Humphries left the Council in 1971, Mayor Hans Tanzler appointed him to the first Downtown Development Authority (DDA), and he served the next eight years as DDA Chairman. In 1989, he was appointed to the Fourth Judicial Nominating Commission by Florida Governor Bob Martinez, and served a four-year term until 1992. Other civic activities included service affiliations with the Florida League of Cities, Florida Community College, Jacksonville Chamber of Commerce, Jacksonville Children's Museum, and St. Luke's Hospital.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHis involvement with the University of North Florida deserves special mention. In 1969, as a member of the Jacksonville City Council, he was a strong supporter of the present suburban location for the University versus an urban site as proposed by other Council members. He was appointed to the first University of North Florida Foundation Board of Trustees, and was elected Foundation Board President in 1976-77. For his extensive service to the University, he was awarded a UNF Presidential medallion in October 2008.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHumphries had a long and distinguished service in the U.S. military. In 1953, he enlisted in the United States Air Force, and entered the Cadet Aviation Program. He served in the U.S. and overseas as a squadron pilot until his release from active duty in 1958 to pursue his civilian education. Subsequently, he joined the Florida Air National Guard, serving in several capacities where he held leadership positions: Air Operations Officer for State Headquarters (1972); Lieutenant Colonel and Director of Operations (1976-77); Chief of Staff and promotion to Colonel (1980); and promotion to Brigadier General in 1984. He retired from the Guard in 1989, and was awarded the Legion of Merit medal for his 36 years of outstanding military service.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Homer Hudson Humphries, Jr., was born in Jacksonville, Florida on January 15, 1930, and attended local schools. After graduation from the Bolles School, he received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1958 from the University of Virginia, and a Bachelor of Laws degree from Stetson University in 1961. His early legal work included positions as the Assistant Duval County Solicitor (1963-1965), and Assistant State Attorney for Duval County (1965-1967). In June 1967, he was elected from Ward 8 to the Jacksonville City Council (prior to Consolidation), and under the new consolidated government, won election to the City Council from District 13. He became Council President on July 1, 1970, the third and the last President of consolidated government's first City Council. In 1971, he did not seek re-election to the Council, and returned to private law practice in Jacksonville.","Humphries was active in a number of civic, fraternal, professional, and religious organizations. A month after Humphries left the Council in 1971, Mayor Hans Tanzler appointed him to the first Downtown Development Authority (DDA), and he served the next eight years as DDA Chairman. In 1989, he was appointed to the Fourth Judicial Nominating Commission by Florida Governor Bob Martinez, and served a four-year term until 1992. Other civic activities included service affiliations with the Florida League of Cities, Florida Community College, Jacksonville Chamber of Commerce, Jacksonville Children's Museum, and St. Luke's Hospital.","His involvement with the University of North Florida deserves special mention. In 1969, as a member of the Jacksonville City Council, he was a strong supporter of the present suburban location for the University versus an urban site as proposed by other Council members. He was appointed to the first University of North Florida Foundation Board of Trustees, and was elected Foundation Board President in 1976-77. For his extensive service to the University, he was awarded a UNF Presidential medallion in October 2008.","Humphries had a long and distinguished service in the U.S. military. In 1953, he enlisted in the United States Air Force, and entered the Cadet Aviation Program. He served in the U.S. and overseas as a squadron pilot until his release from active duty in 1958 to pursue his civilian education. Subsequently, he joined the Florida Air National Guard, serving in several capacities where he held leadership positions: Air Operations Officer for State Headquarters (1972); Lieutenant Colonel and Director of Operations (1976-77); Chief of Staff and promotion to Colonel (1980); and promotion to Brigadier General in 1984. He retired from the Guard in 1989, and was awarded the Legion of Merit medal for his 36 years of outstanding military service."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHomer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains materials relating to Humphries' political activities, chiefly his tenure on the Jacksonville City Council from 1967-1971. The core of the collection are newspaper clippings pertaining to the Council's activities under the new consolidated government. Additional printed materials provide documentation on the site selection of the University of North Florida in 1969.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Humphries Papers are of interest to scholars researching Jacksonville's consolidation period, as well as providing information on Humphries as a key political figure during the same time period. The collection, when used in conjunction with other sources such as the Jacksonville, Florida, Government Consolidation Collection and the Richard A. Martin Papers, provides insights and documentation on a pivotal era of Jacksonville history.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection has eight series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1 - Campaign Materials for Humphries' City Council Elections include correspondence, newspaper ads and articles, sample ballots and other general information about the elections and Humphries' candidacy.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2 - City Council includes primarily newspaper articles about City Council activities including consolidation. There is also a Consolidation Day program, a copy of the Consolidation Resolution and a small amount of correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3 - Florida Air National Guard (FANG) has a few articles and a certificate of appreciation regarding Humphries affiliation with the organization.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4 - Florida Times Union includes some letters to the editor that Humphries authored.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5 - is Humphries' obituary.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6 - Publications includes a memoir authored by Humphries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7 - St. Luke's Hospital Association Executive Committee consists of a 1967 Annual Report that includes mention of Humphries as a Special Representative to the Executive Committee.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8 - University of North Florida (UNF) Board of Trustees includes newspaper articles, a transcript of an interview, a copy of the Resolution to convey the property for the building of UNF, and a Founders Day program showing that Humphries received a UNF Presidential Medallion in 2008 for his service in creating the university.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains materials relating to Humphries' political activities, chiefly his tenure on the Jacksonville City Council from 1967-1971. The core of the collection are newspaper clippings pertaining to the Council's activities under the new consolidated government. Additional printed materials provide documentation on the site selection of the University of North Florida in 1969.","The Humphries Papers are of interest to scholars researching Jacksonville's consolidation period, as well as providing information on Humphries as a key political figure during the same time period. The collection, when used in conjunction with other sources such as the Jacksonville, Florida, Government Consolidation Collection and the Richard A. Martin Papers, provides insights and documentation on a pivotal era of Jacksonville history.","The collection has eight series:","Series 1 - Campaign Materials for Humphries' City Council Elections include correspondence, newspaper ads and articles, sample ballots and other general information about the elections and Humphries' candidacy.","Series 2 - City Council includes primarily newspaper articles about City Council activities including consolidation. There is also a Consolidation Day program, a copy of the Consolidation Resolution and a small amount of correspondence.","Series 3 - Florida Air National Guard (FANG) has a few articles and a certificate of appreciation regarding Humphries affiliation with the organization.","Series 4 - Florida Times Union includes some letters to the editor that Humphries authored.","Series 5 - is Humphries' obituary.","Series 6 - Publications includes a memoir authored by Humphries.","Series 7 - St. Luke's Hospital Association Executive Committee consists of a 1967 Annual Report that includes mention of Humphries as a Special Representative to the Executive Committee.","Series 8 - University of North Florida (UNF) Board of Trustees includes newspaper articles, a transcript of an interview, a copy of the Resolution to convey the property for the building of UNF, and a Founders Day program showing that Humphries received a UNF Presidential Medallion in 2008 for his service in creating the university."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"names_coll_ssim":["Jacksonville (Fla.) City Council.","University of North Florida.","Humphries, Homer H., 1930-"],"names_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","Jacksonville (Fla.) City Council.","University of North Florida.","Humphries, Homer H., Jr., 1930-","Humphries, Homer H., 1930-"],"corpname_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","Jacksonville (Fla.) City Council.","University of North Florida."],"persname_ssim":["Humphries, Homer H., Jr., 1930-","Humphries, Homer H., 1930-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":36,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"28d7586342368d6dd25a48c1","timestamp":"2026-04-25T03:06:44.656Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/28d7586342368d6dd25a48c1_aspace_ef47ba27ed2dd13eaf94e94080a5f2b5"}},{"id":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e_aspace_2e6bb80c225b7052c93e71156ca68a77","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"\"Letters re Peleliu\", 1945-1993","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/93843f695abc3ff145923e4e_aspace_2e6bb80c225b7052c93e71156ca68a77#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains 34 letters responding to ads Carl Lyren published in Old Breed News and other locations. In the ad, Lyren expressed that he wanted to hear of the experiences of veterans from the battle of Peleliufor a book he was writing and requested veterans send their name, address, telephone number, and number of unit on Peleliuand he would contact them further with specific questions. Some of the responses contain only that information and are written on postcards or typed on slips of paper folded once and tucked into envelopes. Other responses span several pages and recount personal stories of closes calls or reiterate how their expectations of this battle were of a much shorter engagement. Also included in this folder is a clipping of the ad, copies of a few responses Lyren sent, three letters from a Gold Star mother, copies of book reviews, an excerpt from LIFE magazine, and two photographs. \u003cbr\u003eThe overall sentiment of the veterans in their letters is that of offering their help in any way possible; in addition to their own accounts, they recommend books and articles, offer personal photographs, share the names and contacts of others that should be contacted and generally commend Lyren for the undertaking.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/93843f695abc3ff145923e4e_aspace_2e6bb80c225b7052c93e71156ca68a77#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_2e6bb80c225b7052c93e71156ca68a77","ref_ssm":["aspace_2e6bb80c225b7052c93e71156ca68a77","aspace_2e6bb80c225b7052c93e71156ca68a77"],"id":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e_aspace_2e6bb80c225b7052c93e71156ca68a77","title_filing_ssi":"\"Letters re Peleliu\"","title_ssm":["\"Letters re Peleliu\""],"title_tesim":["\"Letters re Peleliu\""],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1945-1993"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1945-1993"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"Letters re Peleliu\", 1945-1993"],"text":["\"Letters re Peleliu\", 1945-1993","Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19","001","/repositories/10/archival_objects/179493","18.0033 - Box 1","folder 001","This folder contains 34 letters responding to ads Carl Lyren published in Old Breed News and other locations. In the ad, Lyren expressed that he wanted to hear of the experiences of veterans from the battle of Peleliufor a book he was writing and requested veterans send their name, address, telephone number, and number of unit on Peleliuand he would contact them further with specific questions. Some of the responses contain only that information and are written on postcards or typed on slips of paper folded once and tucked into envelopes. Other responses span several pages and recount personal stories of closes calls or reiterate how their expectations of this battle were of a much shorter engagement. Also included in this folder is a clipping of the ad, copies of a few responses Lyren sent, three letters from a Gold Star mother, copies of book reviews, an excerpt from LIFE magazine, and two photographs.\n The overall sentiment of the veterans in their letters is that of offering their help in any way possible; in addition to their own accounts, they recommend books and articles, offer personal photographs, share the names and contacts of others that should be contacted and generally commend Lyren for the undertaking."],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["93843f695abc3ff145923e4e"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["001","/repositories/10/archival_objects/179493"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"date_range_isim":[1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993],"containers_ssim":["18.0033 - Box 1","folder 001"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains 34 letters responding to ads Carl Lyren published in Old Breed News and other locations. In the ad, Lyren expressed that he wanted to hear of the experiences of veterans from the battle of Peleliufor a book he was writing and requested veterans send their name, address, telephone number, and number of unit on Peleliuand he would contact them further with specific questions. Some of the responses contain only that information and are written on postcards or typed on slips of paper folded once and tucked into envelopes. Other responses span several pages and recount personal stories of closes calls or reiterate how their expectations of this battle were of a much shorter engagement. Also included in this folder is a clipping of the ad, copies of a few responses Lyren sent, three letters from a Gold Star mother, copies of book reviews, an excerpt from LIFE magazine, and two photographs.\n\u003cbr/\u003eThe overall sentiment of the veterans in their letters is that of offering their help in any way possible; in addition to their own accounts, they recommend books and articles, offer personal photographs, share the names and contacts of others that should be contacted and generally commend Lyren for the undertaking.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This folder contains 34 letters responding to ads Carl Lyren published in Old Breed News and other locations. In the ad, Lyren expressed that he wanted to hear of the experiences of veterans from the battle of Peleliufor a book he was writing and requested veterans send their name, address, telephone number, and number of unit on Peleliuand he would contact them further with specific questions. Some of the responses contain only that information and are written on postcards or typed on slips of paper folded once and tucked into envelopes. Other responses span several pages and recount personal stories of closes calls or reiterate how their expectations of this battle were of a much shorter engagement. Also included in this folder is a clipping of the ad, copies of a few responses Lyren sent, three letters from a Gold Star mother, copies of book reviews, an excerpt from LIFE magazine, and two photographs.\n The overall sentiment of the veterans in their letters is that of offering their help in any way possible; in addition to their own accounts, they recommend books and articles, offer personal photographs, share the names and contacts of others that should be contacted and generally commend Lyren for the undertaking."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","_nest_parent_":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e","_root_":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e","timestamp":"2026-07-11T04:18:23.323Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e","title_filing_ssi":"Carl Lyren Peleliu Collection","title_ssm":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection"],"title_tesim":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection"],"ead_ssi":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e","unitdate_ssm":["1944-1998","Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1944-1998"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["18.0033","/repositories/10/resources/1492"],"text":["18.0033","/repositories/10/resources/1492","Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19","Peleliu, Battle of, Palau, 1944","World War, 1939-1945","Battle casualties","Marines","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Disvision, 1st","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Division, 1st","United States. Marine Corps--History--20th century","United States. Marine Corps--Military life","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 14th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th. Battalion, 1st.","United States. Marine Fighter Squadron, 214th--History.","Japan--History, Military","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Division, 5th","This collection is open to all researchers.","Born on November 4, 1925, U.S. Marine Marine Corps Sergeant Carl Lyren first served in the Asiatic-Pacific theater during World War II from 1943-1946 with Company C, 2nd Amtrac (Amphibious tractor) Battalion, 2nd Marine Division. He served on Saipan and Iheyajima, and survived a Japanese Kamikaze attack on LST 884 off Okinawa on April 1, 1945. He reenlisted in the Corps during the Korean Conflict from 1950-1952. He studied at the University of Indiana, and graduated from the University of Chicago in 1954 with a Master's degree in International Relations. Carl Lyren was a writer all his life, and was employed at many major advertising agencies in Chicago and New York, also specializing in food writing and authoring several cookbooks. Also among his publications include French Cooking for the American Table (with Rene Verdon), 365 Ways to Cook Chicken, and Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944. Lyren passed away on June 12, 2003.","\nProvided by Patricia Byrne Lyren, edited by Laran Dixon.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection relates to Carl Lyren who served in the United States Marine Corps in 2nd Marine Division the Pacific Theater. The materials of this collection are made up of maps, unclassified documents from both Japanese and U.S. forces, books, letters, interviews with veterans, photographs, newspaper clippings, and personal notes made by Carl Lyren in his research in writing on the battle of Peleliu, also in this collection is the  original manuscript of the publication Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003","English"],"unitid_tesim":["18.0033","/repositories/10/resources/1492"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"collection_ssim":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Peleliu, Battle of, Palau, 1944"],"geogname_ssim":["Peleliu, Battle of, Palau, 1944"],"creator_ssm":["Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"creator_ssim":["Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"creators_ssim":["Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"places_ssim":["Peleliu, Battle of, Palau, 1944"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945","Battle casualties","Marines","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Disvision, 1st","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Division, 1st","United States. Marine Corps--History--20th century","United States. Marine Corps--Military life","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 14th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th. Battalion, 1st.","United States. Marine Fighter Squadron, 214th--History.","Japan--History, Military","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Division, 5th"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945","Battle casualties","Marines","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Disvision, 1st","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Division, 1st","United States. Marine Corps--History--20th century","United States. Marine Corps--Military life","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 14th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th. Battalion, 1st.","United States. Marine Fighter Squadron, 214th--History.","Japan--History, Military","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Division, 5th"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.5 Linear Feet","3 folders Nine Legal-sized standard boxes (one containing a smaller box with photographs and four books), and three oversize folders located in oversize box 11."],"extent_tesim":["4.5 Linear Feet","3 folders Nine Legal-sized standard boxes (one containing a smaller box with photographs and four books), and three oversize folders located in oversize box 11."],"date_range_isim":[1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn on November 4, 1925, U.S. Marine Marine Corps Sergeant Carl Lyren first served in the Asiatic-Pacific theater during World War II from 1943-1946 with Company C, 2nd Amtrac (Amphibious tractor) Battalion, 2nd Marine Division. He served on Saipan and Iheyajima, and survived a Japanese Kamikaze attack on LST 884 off Okinawa on April 1, 1945. He reenlisted in the Corps during the Korean Conflict from 1950-1952. He studied at the University of Indiana, and graduated from the University of Chicago in 1954 with a Master's degree in International Relations. Carl Lyren was a writer all his life, and was employed at many major advertising agencies in Chicago and New York, also specializing in food writing and authoring several cookbooks. Also among his publications include French Cooking for the American Table (with Rene Verdon), 365 Ways to Cook Chicken, and Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944. Lyren passed away on June 12, 2003.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nProvided by Patricia Byrne Lyren, edited by Laran Dixon.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born on November 4, 1925, U.S. Marine Marine Corps Sergeant Carl Lyren first served in the Asiatic-Pacific theater during World War II from 1943-1946 with Company C, 2nd Amtrac (Amphibious tractor) Battalion, 2nd Marine Division. He served on Saipan and Iheyajima, and survived a Japanese Kamikaze attack on LST 884 off Okinawa on April 1, 1945. He reenlisted in the Corps during the Korean Conflict from 1950-1952. He studied at the University of Indiana, and graduated from the University of Chicago in 1954 with a Master's degree in International Relations. Carl Lyren was a writer all his life, and was employed at many major advertising agencies in Chicago and New York, also specializing in food writing and authoring several cookbooks. Also among his publications include French Cooking for the American Table (with Rene Verdon), 365 Ways to Cook Chicken, and Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944. Lyren passed away on June 12, 2003.","\nProvided by Patricia Byrne Lyren, edited by Laran Dixon."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_18_0033\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_18_0033\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_18_0033"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Carl Lyren who served in the United States Marine Corps in 2nd Marine Division the Pacific Theater. The materials of this collection are made up of maps, unclassified documents from both Japanese and U.S. forces, books, letters, interviews with veterans, photographs, newspaper clippings, and personal notes made by Carl Lyren in his research in writing on the battle of Peleliu, also in this collection is the  original manuscript of the publication Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to Carl Lyren who served in the United States Marine Corps in 2nd Marine Division the Pacific Theater. The materials of this collection are made up of maps, unclassified documents from both Japanese and U.S. forces, books, letters, interviews with veterans, photographs, newspaper clippings, and personal notes made by Carl Lyren in his research in writing on the battle of Peleliu, also in this collection is the  original manuscript of the publication Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":69,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e","timestamp":"2026-07-11T04:18:23.323Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/93843f695abc3ff145923e4e_aspace_2e6bb80c225b7052c93e71156ca68a77"}},{"id":"8a9f3a8d10a13e0d07511e23_aspace_206620","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Letters to and from Various Friends, 1942-1976","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8a9f3a8d10a13e0d07511e23_aspace_206620#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_206620","ref_ssm":["aspace_206620","aspace_206620"],"id":"8a9f3a8d10a13e0d07511e23_aspace_206620","title_filing_ssi":"Letters to and from Various Friends","title_ssm":["Letters to and from Various Friends"],"title_tesim":["Letters to and from Various Friends"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1942-1976"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1942-1976"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Letters to and from Various Friends, 1942-1976"],"text":["Letters to and from Various Friends, 1942-1976","Simeon C. Sparkman collection, 1940-1976, Date acquired: 2016-10-28, Date accessioned: 2020-06-01, bulk 1942-1945","Folder 001","/repositories/10/archival_objects/130352","16.0030 - Box 1","folder 001"],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["8a9f3a8d10a13e0d07511e23"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Simeon C. Sparkman collection, 1940-1976, Date acquired: 2016-10-28, Date accessioned: 2020-06-01, bulk 1942-1945"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Simeon C. Sparkman collection, 1940-1976, Date acquired: 2016-10-28, Date accessioned: 2020-06-01, bulk 1942-1945"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 001","/repositories/10/archival_objects/130352"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Simeon C. 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Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"date_range_isim":[1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976],"containers_ssim":["16.0030 - Box 1","folder 001"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","_nest_parent_":"8a9f3a8d10a13e0d07511e23","_root_":"8a9f3a8d10a13e0d07511e23","timestamp":"2026-07-09T10:47:59.306Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"8a9f3a8d10a13e0d07511e23","title_filing_ssi":"Sparkman, Simeon C. collection","title_ssm":["Simeon C. Sparkman collection"],"title_tesim":["Simeon C. Sparkman collection"],"ead_ssi":"8a9f3a8d10a13e0d07511e23","unitdate_ssm":["1940-1976","1942-1945","Date acquired: 2016-10-28","Date accessioned: 2020-06-01"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1942-1945"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1940-1976"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 2016-10-28","Date accessioned: 2020-06-01"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["16.0030","/repositories/10/resources/867"],"text":["16.0030","/repositories/10/resources/867","Simeon C. Sparkman collection, 1940-1976, Date acquired: 2016-10-28, Date accessioned: 2020-06-01, bulk 1942-1945","Liverpool (England)","Burtonwood (England)","World War, 1939-1945--Europe","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations, American--Personal narratives","United States. Air Force--History","United States. Army--History--World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives","United States. Army Air Forces--Military life","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Europe","Soldiers--Florida.","World War, 1939-1945","This collections is available to all researchers.","Simeon C. Sparkman was born on September 26, 1915, and raised in Plant City, FL. However, he  lived in St. Petersburg, Florida, for most of his life. He married Ursula Wahlstrom in 1940, and together they had three children. This collection documents his time in the 8th Air Force from 1943 to 1945, at Burtonwood Base, Warrington, England, also known as Base Air Depot No. 1. Sparkman was specifically assigned to Hangar 5, Mary Ann Site, \"B\" Shift, Aero Repair Crew 6, and was the ranking NCO on Crew 6 in the grade of T/Sgt. Prior to his World War II service, Sparkman also served in the Florida National Guard. Sparkman entered service at Camp Blanding, FL, on June 22, 1943, Sparkman enlisted as an aircraft mechanic volunteer and spent two months in Lackland, Texas, for training before being deployed to Warrington, England. American forces stationed at Base Air Depot No. 1 were responsible for repairing damaged aircraft of the various squadrons also serving at the Air Base. Following German surrender, Sparkman's unit was deployed to the U.S. for active duty. He later became promoted to Master Sergeant before he returned back to Florida in December 1945. He passed away on February 20, 1985 in Florida.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection contains a compilation of personal letters and official documents, photographs, personal items, and military badges of Sgt. Simeon C. Sparkman who served with the 8th Air Force from 1943 to 1945, at Burtonwood Air Depot, Warrington, England, also known as Base Air Depot No. 1. Sparkman was specifically assigned to Hangar 5, Mary Ann Site, \"B\" Shift, Aero Repair Crew 6, and was the ranking NCO on Crew 6 in the grade of T/Sgt. The papers in this collection are comprised of correspondence with his wife, parents, and other family members and close friends.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 8th","Sparkman, Simeon C., 1915-1985","English"],"unitid_tesim":["16.0030","/repositories/10/resources/867"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1940-1976, Date acquired: 2016-10-28, Date accessioned: 2020-06-01, bulk 1942-1945"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Simeon C. Sparkman collection, 1940-1976, Date acquired: 2016-10-28, Date accessioned: 2020-06-01, bulk 1942-1945"],"collection_title_tesim":["Simeon C. Sparkman collection, 1940-1976, Date acquired: 2016-10-28, Date accessioned: 2020-06-01, bulk 1942-1945"],"collection_ssim":["Simeon C. Sparkman collection, 1940-1976, Date acquired: 2016-10-28, Date accessioned: 2020-06-01, bulk 1942-1945"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Liverpool (England)","Burtonwood (England)"],"geogname_ssim":["Liverpool (England)","Burtonwood (England)"],"creator_ssm":["Sparkman, Simeon C., 1915-1985"],"creator_ssim":["Sparkman, Simeon C., 1915-1985"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sparkman, Simeon C., 1915-1985"],"creators_ssim":["Sparkman, Simeon C., 1915-1985"],"places_ssim":["Liverpool (England)","Burtonwood (England)"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was donated by Steven L. Sparkman, son of Simeon C. Sparkman. The collection was acquired by the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience on October 28, 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--Europe","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations, American--Personal narratives","United States. Air Force--History","United States. Army--History--World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives","United States. Army Air Forces--Military life","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Europe","Soldiers--Florida.","World War, 1939-1945"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945--Europe","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations, American--Personal narratives","United States. 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However, he  lived in St. Petersburg, Florida, for most of his life. He married Ursula Wahlstrom in 1940, and together they had three children. This collection documents his time in the 8th Air Force from 1943 to 1945, at Burtonwood Base, Warrington, England, also known as Base Air Depot No. 1. Sparkman was specifically assigned to Hangar 5, Mary Ann Site, \"B\" Shift, Aero Repair Crew 6, and was the ranking NCO on Crew 6 in the grade of T/Sgt. Prior to his World War II service, Sparkman also served in the Florida National Guard.\u0026#xA0;Sparkman entered service at Camp Blanding, FL, on June 22, 1943, Sparkman enlisted as an aircraft mechanic volunteer and spent two months in Lackland, Texas, for training before being deployed to Warrington, England. American forces stationed at Base Air Depot No. 1 were responsible for repairing damaged aircraft of the various squadrons also serving at the Air Base. Following German surrender, Sparkman's unit was deployed to the U.S. for active duty. He later became promoted to Master Sergeant before he returned back to Florida in December 1945. He passed away on February 20, 1985 in Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Simeon C. Sparkman was born on September 26, 1915, and raised in Plant City, FL. However, he  lived in St. Petersburg, Florida, for most of his life. He married Ursula Wahlstrom in 1940, and together they had three children. This collection documents his time in the 8th Air Force from 1943 to 1945, at Burtonwood Base, Warrington, England, also known as Base Air Depot No. 1. Sparkman was specifically assigned to Hangar 5, Mary Ann Site, \"B\" Shift, Aero Repair Crew 6, and was the ranking NCO on Crew 6 in the grade of T/Sgt. Prior to his World War II service, Sparkman also served in the Florida National Guard. Sparkman entered service at Camp Blanding, FL, on June 22, 1943, Sparkman enlisted as an aircraft mechanic volunteer and spent two months in Lackland, Texas, for training before being deployed to Warrington, England. American forces stationed at Base Air Depot No. 1 were responsible for repairing damaged aircraft of the various squadrons also serving at the Air Base. Following German surrender, Sparkman's unit was deployed to the U.S. for active duty. He later became promoted to Master Sergeant before he returned back to Florida in December 1945. He passed away on February 20, 1985 in Florida."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Simeon C. Sparkman collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-16-1930\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Simeon C. Sparkman collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-16-1930"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains a compilation of personal letters and official documents, photographs, personal items, and military badges of Sgt. Simeon C. Sparkman who served with the 8th Air Force from 1943 to 1945, at Burtonwood Air Depot, Warrington, England, also known as Base Air Depot No. 1. Sparkman was specifically assigned to Hangar 5, Mary Ann Site, \"B\" Shift, Aero Repair Crew 6, and was the ranking NCO on Crew 6 in the grade of T/Sgt. The papers in this collection are comprised of correspondence with his wife, parents, and other family members and close friends.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains a compilation of personal letters and official documents, photographs, personal items, and military badges of Sgt. Simeon C. Sparkman who served with the 8th Air Force from 1943 to 1945, at Burtonwood Air Depot, Warrington, England, also known as Base Air Depot No. 1. Sparkman was specifically assigned to Hangar 5, Mary Ann Site, \"B\" Shift, Aero Repair Crew 6, and was the ranking NCO on Crew 6 in the grade of T/Sgt. The papers in this collection are comprised of correspondence with his wife, parents, and other family members and close friends."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 8th"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 8th","Sparkman, Simeon C., 1915-1985"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 8th"],"persname_ssim":["Sparkman, Simeon C., 1915-1985"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":73,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"8a9f3a8d10a13e0d07511e23","timestamp":"2026-07-09T10:47:59.306Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8a9f3a8d10a13e0d07511e23_aspace_206620"}},{"id":"447fec1457e486cb004ab68b_aspace_d5bb81d3ed98a060b9740f13a78d191a","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Letters to Jane Upon Henry's Passing, 1967","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/447fec1457e486cb004ab68b_aspace_d5bb81d3ed98a060b9740f13a78d191a#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_d5bb81d3ed98a060b9740f13a78d191a","ref_ssm":["aspace_d5bb81d3ed98a060b9740f13a78d191a","aspace_d5bb81d3ed98a060b9740f13a78d191a"],"id":"447fec1457e486cb004ab68b_aspace_d5bb81d3ed98a060b9740f13a78d191a","title_filing_ssi":"Letters to Jane Upon Henry's Passing","title_ssm":["Letters to Jane Upon Henry's Passing"],"title_tesim":["Letters to Jane Upon Henry's Passing"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1967"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1967"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Letters to Jane Upon Henry's Passing, 1967"],"text":["Letters to Jane Upon Henry's Passing, 1967","Reno Family Papers, 1900-2000","Box 1","Henry Reno","Personal","Folder 10","/repositories/2/archival_objects/76494","folder 10"],"component_level_isim":[4],"parent_ids_ssim":["447fec1457e486cb004ab68b","447fec1457e486cb004ab68b_aspace_3137c720462df7b4c577a4daff9057c8","447fec1457e486cb004ab68b_aspace_ce9206dbf5be9aaeb39922c378e6c93a","447fec1457e486cb004ab68b_aspace_879b220abd07dc085de60373b4ca64ef"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Reno Family Papers, 1900-2000","Box 1","Henry Reno","Personal"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Reno Family Papers, 1900-2000","Box 1","Henry Reno","Personal"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Other level","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 10","/repositories/2/archival_objects/76494"],"repository_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Reno Family Papers, 1900-2000"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":13,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact Special Collections \u0026 University Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The Reno Family Papers are owned by Florida International University.  This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"date_range_isim":[1967],"containers_ssim":["folder 10"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#0/components#9","_nest_parent_":"447fec1457e486cb004ab68b_aspace_879b220abd07dc085de60373b4ca64ef","_root_":"447fec1457e486cb004ab68b","_version_":1870844441296633856,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T04:31:33.651Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"447fec1457e486cb004ab68b","title_ssm":["Reno Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Reno Family Papers"],"ead_ssi":"447fec1457e486cb004ab68b","unitdate_ssm":["1900-2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1900-2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SPC9005","/repositories/2/resources/109"],"text":["SPC9005","/repositories/2/resources/109","Reno Family Papers, 1900-2000","Miami","correspondence","editorials","Miami Herald","Miami News","Newsday","Authorship","Journalism","Journalism--Regional","Journalists","Newspaper Employees","reporters and reporting","This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact Special Collections \u0026 University Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials.","The materials in this collection are arranged as follows:\nHenry Reno--Personal, Professional;\nJane Wood Reno--Personal, Professional;\nChildren of Henry and Jane Reno;\nFamily and Friends;\nFamily Photos;\nGeneral Photos;\nScrapbooks--Janet Reno European Trip;\nOversize Items;\nJane Reno Oversize Items;\nRobert Reno Oversize Items;\nRobert Reno \"The Liberal Opinions\" Newspaper Column","Henry Olaf Reno was a Danish-American journalist. Born in Denmark with the surname Rasmussen, Reno emigrated to the United States in 1912 and settled in Miami, Florida. After attending the University of Tennessee, he became a reporter for the Miami Herald, working there primarily as a crime reporter for 43 years. Henry Olaf Reno had 3 children. He passed away on 7 August 1967 in Miami, Miami-Dade, Florida, USA.","Jane Wood Reno worked as a reporter for the now-defunct Miami News. Jane Wood entered Lanier High School for Girls in Macon, Georgia, at age 11. In 1925, her family moved to Miami, Florida, and she entered Miami High School as a sophomore and graduated at age 15. Her father, a lawyer, had moved down during the Miami boom years. While she intially thought that Florida was dull and boring, the 1926 hurricane changed her mind. \"It had force, all that great power. It was something I could feel,\" she said. She then entered the University of Miami as an English major, but after two years took off to Greece to live with her Aunt Margaret Sloan (Hunter) Balfour and her husband, Dr. Marshall Balfour. In 1932 she returned to Florida and went back to UM but switched her major to physics. After graduating, she went to work as a social worker in Miami.","In high school, Jane Wood had been interested in journalism and even interviewed Marjorie Stoneman Douglas. In her first two years of college, though, her partying caused her to flunk journalism. After the 1935 Hurricane, she grew disenchanted with social work and went to work at the Miami Herald.","At the Herald, she met and later married its star police reporter, Henry Olaf Reno, and even managed to scoop him on a story which earned her \"The Big Story Award.\"Jane and Henry built their house \"way out by the Everglades\" in what is now the middle of suburban Kendall. In addition to her job as a reported, Jane managed the Miami Seaquarium account as a publicist and grabbed world attention when she sent a male porpoise--via ocean liner--to Italy to console a femal porpoise whose mate had died. All of her pet peacocks were named Horace. ","\nThe Children:","Janet Reno was the first female US Attorney General, appointed by Pressident Bill Clinton in 1993. This was fitting, as she had always been a pioneer. She attended Cornell University, where she majored in chemistry during a time when there were not many women in that field. While at Cornell she was a member of the Women's Student Government Association (WSGA). She graduated from Harvard Law School as one of only 16 women in a class of 500. She worked for the Dade County State Attorney's office, and subsequently became State Attorney for the 11th Judicial Circuit of Florida in 1978. ","After her tenure at US Attorney General, she returned to Florida and became involved in environmental and educational activism. She ran in the Democratic primary for Governor in 2002, though she was subsequently defeated. She passed away from Parkinson's Disease in 2016.","Maggy Reno Hurchalla was an actitivst and a Martin County (Florida) commissioner from 1974-1994, serving as a Democrat in a heavily Republican region. She was the county's first female county commissioner and was known for her strong environmentalist views, she served on the state board of the Nature Conservancy and on the Governor's Commission for a Sustainable South Florida. She passed away in 2022.","Robert Reno followed his parents into a career in journalism. He worked for the Miami Herald in both Miami and Key West, New Orleans Times-Picayune, and Newsday. According to his obituary in The Miami Herald: \"As a liberal columnist from the 1980s until his retirement in early 2003, Reno took on the National Rifle Association, conservatives, and the super rich, railed against poverty, social inequality and corrupt politicians, and delighted in deflating the outsized egos of the powerful.\" Robert passed away in 2012.","Mark Reno had a keen sense of adventure. According to a Miami Herald article after his death, it was noted that he \"worked as a game warden, a boat captain, an alligator wrestler, a scuba diver, a paratrooper, ran tugboats and an oil supply ship off the coast of Nigeria, and, primarily, worked as a carpenter. While in the Army he earned a commission as a 2nd Lieutenant, prompting Henry to dub him \"Lt. Fuzz\" (a nod to the \"Beetle Bailey\" comic stip character). In his last two months, he managed to carve benches out of tree remains he'd kept, left over from the devastation of Hurricane Andrew in 1992.\" Mark Reno also worked as a bailiff in Dade County. He passed away in 2014.","Extended Family Represented in this Collection:","George Wood, Jane's father, was an attorney in Macon, GA, and later in Miami. Included in these papers are some of his correspondence and dockets related to legal cases he worked on during the 1920s, especially during the Florida Land Boom. ","Winifried Wood: Jane's sister was a pilot and a member of the famed Women's Air Service Pilots (WASP) during World War II. She wrote a book about her adventures entitled \"We Were WASPS,\" a manuscript of which is maintained in this collection. ","Other family members are, of course, mentioned. Jane had started to work on family geneology and some of her notes are included herein. ","LANGUAGE WARNING: Some personal correspondence and newspaper articles contain language that was common in the American South during the mid-20th century. Outdated language, slurs, and other terms that may be considered harmful or offensive are present.","The materials in this collection represent the Reno family's service as journalists as well as their love of South Florida. These materials are the private and public writings, photographs, and ephemera of the family and provide biographical background and context to multiple figures, including Attorney General Janet Reno. \nReflecting the family's journalistic occupations, Henry, Jane, and Robert's newspaper articles and columns make up the bulk of the items in this collection.","The Reno Family Papers are owned by Florida International University.  This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general","FIU Special Collections","Henry Olaf and Jane Wood Reno","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SPC9005","/repositories/2/resources/109"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1900-2000"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Reno Family Papers, 1900-2000"],"collection_title_tesim":["Reno Family Papers, 1900-2000"],"collection_ssim":["Reno Family Papers, 1900-2000"],"repository_ssm":["FIU Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Miami"],"geogname_ssim":["Miami"],"creator_ssm":["Henry Olaf and Jane Wood Reno"],"creator_ssim":["Henry Olaf and Jane Wood Reno"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Henry Olaf and Jane Wood Reno"],"creators_ssim":["Henry Olaf and Jane Wood Reno"],"places_ssim":["Miami"],"access_terms_ssm":["The Reno Family Papers are owned by Florida International University.  This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Materials were donated by Maggy (Reno) Hurchalla"],"access_subjects_ssim":["correspondence","editorials","Miami Herald","Miami News","Newsday","Authorship","Journalism","Journalism--Regional","Journalists","Newspaper Employees","reporters and reporting"],"access_subjects_ssm":["correspondence","editorials","Miami Herald","Miami News","Newsday","Authorship","Journalism","Journalism--Regional","Journalists","Newspaper Employees","reporters and reporting"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["22.62 Linear Feet","14 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["22.62 Linear Feet","14 boxes"],"physfacet_tesim":["4 Banker Boxes; 7 Medium Flat Boxes; 3 Large Flat Boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research. Researchers must contact Special Collections \u0026amp; University Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact Special Collections \u0026 University Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this collection are arranged as follows:\nHenry Reno--Personal, Professional;\nJane Wood Reno--Personal, Professional;\nChildren of Henry and Jane Reno;\nFamily and Friends;\nFamily Photos;\nGeneral Photos;\nScrapbooks--Janet Reno European Trip;\nOversize Items;\nJane Reno Oversize Items;\nRobert Reno Oversize Items;\nRobert Reno \"The Liberal Opinions\" Newspaper Column\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The materials in this collection are arranged as follows:\nHenry Reno--Personal, Professional;\nJane Wood Reno--Personal, Professional;\nChildren of Henry and Jane Reno;\nFamily and Friends;\nFamily Photos;\nGeneral Photos;\nScrapbooks--Janet Reno European Trip;\nOversize Items;\nJane Reno Oversize Items;\nRobert Reno Oversize Items;\nRobert Reno \"The Liberal Opinions\" Newspaper Column"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenry Olaf Reno was a Danish-American journalist. Born in Denmark with the surname Rasmussen, Reno emigrated to the United States in 1912 and settled in Miami, Florida. After attending the University of Tennessee, he became a reporter for the Miami Herald, working there primarily as a crime reporter for 43 years. Henry Olaf Reno had 3 children. He passed away on 7 August 1967 in Miami, Miami-Dade, Florida, USA.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJane Wood Reno worked as a reporter for the now-defunct Miami News. Jane Wood entered Lanier High School for Girls in Macon, Georgia, at age 11. In 1925, her family moved to Miami, Florida, and she entered Miami High School as a sophomore and graduated at age 15. Her father, a lawyer, had moved down during the Miami boom years. While she intially thought that Florida was dull and boring, the 1926 hurricane changed her mind. \"It had force, all that great power. It was something I could feel,\" she said. She then entered the University of Miami as an English major, but after two years took off to Greece to live with her Aunt Margaret Sloan (Hunter) Balfour and her husband, Dr. Marshall Balfour. In 1932 she returned to Florida and went back to UM but switched her major to physics. After graduating, she went to work as a social worker in Miami.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn high school, Jane Wood had been interested in journalism and even interviewed Marjorie Stoneman Douglas. In her first two years of college, though, her partying caused her to flunk journalism. After the 1935 Hurricane, she grew disenchanted with social work and went to work at the Miami Herald.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAt the Herald, she met and later married its star police reporter, Henry Olaf Reno, and even managed to scoop him on a story which earned her \"The Big Story Award.\"Jane and Henry built their house \"way out by the Everglades\" in what is now the middle of suburban Kendall. In addition to her job as a reported, Jane managed the Miami Seaquarium account as a publicist and grabbed world attention when she sent a male porpoise--via ocean liner--to Italy to console a femal porpoise whose mate had died. All of her pet peacocks were named Horace. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe Children:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJanet Reno was the first female US Attorney General, appointed by Pressident Bill Clinton in 1993. This was fitting, as she had always been a pioneer. She attended Cornell University, where she majored in chemistry during a time when there were not many women in that field. While at Cornell she was a member of the Women's Student Government Association (WSGA). She graduated from Harvard Law School as one of only 16 women in a class of 500. She worked for the Dade County State Attorney's office, and subsequently became State Attorney for the 11th Judicial Circuit of Florida in 1978. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter her tenure at US Attorney General, she returned to Florida and became involved in environmental and educational activism. She ran in the Democratic primary for Governor in 2002, though she was subsequently defeated. She passed away from Parkinson's Disease in 2016.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaggy Reno Hurchalla was an actitivst and a Martin County (Florida) commissioner from 1974-1994, serving as a Democrat in a heavily Republican region. She was the county's first female county commissioner and was known for her strong environmentalist views, she served on the state board of the Nature Conservancy and on the Governor's Commission for a Sustainable South Florida. She passed away in 2022.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobert Reno followed his parents into a career in journalism. He worked for the Miami Herald in both Miami and Key West, New Orleans Times-Picayune, and Newsday. According to his obituary in The Miami Herald: \"As a liberal columnist from the 1980s until his retirement in early 2003, Reno took on the National Rifle Association, conservatives, and the super rich, railed against poverty, social inequality and corrupt politicians, and delighted in deflating the outsized egos of the powerful.\" Robert passed away in 2012.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMark Reno had a keen sense of adventure. According to a Miami Herald article after his death, it was noted that he \"worked as a game warden, a boat captain, an alligator wrestler, a scuba diver, a paratrooper, ran tugboats and an oil supply ship off the coast of Nigeria, and, primarily, worked as a carpenter. While in the Army he earned a commission as a 2nd Lieutenant, prompting Henry to dub him \"Lt. Fuzz\" (a nod to the \"Beetle Bailey\" comic stip character). In his last two months, he managed to carve benches out of tree remains he'd kept, left over from the devastation of Hurricane Andrew in 1992.\" Mark Reno also worked as a bailiff in Dade County. He passed away in 2014.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExtended Family Represented in this Collection:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeorge Wood, Jane's father, was an attorney in Macon, GA, and later in Miami. Included in these papers are some of his correspondence and dockets related to legal cases he worked on during the 1920s, especially during the Florida Land Boom. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWinifried Wood: Jane's sister was a pilot and a member of the famed Women's Air Service Pilots (WASP) during World War II. She wrote a book about her adventures entitled \"We Were WASPS,\" a manuscript of which is maintained in this collection. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther family members are, of course, mentioned. Jane had started to work on family geneology and some of her notes are included herein. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Henry Olaf Reno was a Danish-American journalist. Born in Denmark with the surname Rasmussen, Reno emigrated to the United States in 1912 and settled in Miami, Florida. After attending the University of Tennessee, he became a reporter for the Miami Herald, working there primarily as a crime reporter for 43 years. Henry Olaf Reno had 3 children. He passed away on 7 August 1967 in Miami, Miami-Dade, Florida, USA.","Jane Wood Reno worked as a reporter for the now-defunct Miami News. Jane Wood entered Lanier High School for Girls in Macon, Georgia, at age 11. In 1925, her family moved to Miami, Florida, and she entered Miami High School as a sophomore and graduated at age 15. Her father, a lawyer, had moved down during the Miami boom years. While she intially thought that Florida was dull and boring, the 1926 hurricane changed her mind. \"It had force, all that great power. It was something I could feel,\" she said. She then entered the University of Miami as an English major, but after two years took off to Greece to live with her Aunt Margaret Sloan (Hunter) Balfour and her husband, Dr. Marshall Balfour. In 1932 she returned to Florida and went back to UM but switched her major to physics. After graduating, she went to work as a social worker in Miami.","In high school, Jane Wood had been interested in journalism and even interviewed Marjorie Stoneman Douglas. In her first two years of college, though, her partying caused her to flunk journalism. After the 1935 Hurricane, she grew disenchanted with social work and went to work at the Miami Herald.","At the Herald, she met and later married its star police reporter, Henry Olaf Reno, and even managed to scoop him on a story which earned her \"The Big Story Award.\"Jane and Henry built their house \"way out by the Everglades\" in what is now the middle of suburban Kendall. In addition to her job as a reported, Jane managed the Miami Seaquarium account as a publicist and grabbed world attention when she sent a male porpoise--via ocean liner--to Italy to console a femal porpoise whose mate had died. All of her pet peacocks were named Horace. ","\nThe Children:","Janet Reno was the first female US Attorney General, appointed by Pressident Bill Clinton in 1993. This was fitting, as she had always been a pioneer. She attended Cornell University, where she majored in chemistry during a time when there were not many women in that field. While at Cornell she was a member of the Women's Student Government Association (WSGA). She graduated from Harvard Law School as one of only 16 women in a class of 500. She worked for the Dade County State Attorney's office, and subsequently became State Attorney for the 11th Judicial Circuit of Florida in 1978. ","After her tenure at US Attorney General, she returned to Florida and became involved in environmental and educational activism. She ran in the Democratic primary for Governor in 2002, though she was subsequently defeated. She passed away from Parkinson's Disease in 2016.","Maggy Reno Hurchalla was an actitivst and a Martin County (Florida) commissioner from 1974-1994, serving as a Democrat in a heavily Republican region. She was the county's first female county commissioner and was known for her strong environmentalist views, she served on the state board of the Nature Conservancy and on the Governor's Commission for a Sustainable South Florida. She passed away in 2022.","Robert Reno followed his parents into a career in journalism. He worked for the Miami Herald in both Miami and Key West, New Orleans Times-Picayune, and Newsday. According to his obituary in The Miami Herald: \"As a liberal columnist from the 1980s until his retirement in early 2003, Reno took on the National Rifle Association, conservatives, and the super rich, railed against poverty, social inequality and corrupt politicians, and delighted in deflating the outsized egos of the powerful.\" Robert passed away in 2012.","Mark Reno had a keen sense of adventure. According to a Miami Herald article after his death, it was noted that he \"worked as a game warden, a boat captain, an alligator wrestler, a scuba diver, a paratrooper, ran tugboats and an oil supply ship off the coast of Nigeria, and, primarily, worked as a carpenter. While in the Army he earned a commission as a 2nd Lieutenant, prompting Henry to dub him \"Lt. Fuzz\" (a nod to the \"Beetle Bailey\" comic stip character). In his last two months, he managed to carve benches out of tree remains he'd kept, left over from the devastation of Hurricane Andrew in 1992.\" Mark Reno also worked as a bailiff in Dade County. He passed away in 2014.","Extended Family Represented in this Collection:","George Wood, Jane's father, was an attorney in Macon, GA, and later in Miami. Included in these papers are some of his correspondence and dockets related to legal cases he worked on during the 1920s, especially during the Florida Land Boom. ","Winifried Wood: Jane's sister was a pilot and a member of the famed Women's Air Service Pilots (WASP) during World War II. She wrote a book about her adventures entitled \"We Were WASPS,\" a manuscript of which is maintained in this collection. ","Other family members are, of course, mentioned. Jane had started to work on family geneology and some of her notes are included herein. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLANGUAGE WARNING: Some personal correspondence and newspaper articles contain language that was common in the American South during the mid-20th century. Outdated language, slurs, and other terms that may be considered harmful or offensive are present.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Harmful Language Statement"],"odd_tesim":["LANGUAGE WARNING: Some personal correspondence and newspaper articles contain language that was common in the American South during the mid-20th century. Outdated language, slurs, and other terms that may be considered harmful or offensive are present."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this collection represent the Reno family's service as journalists as well as their love of South Florida. These materials are the private and public writings, photographs, and ephemera of the family and provide biographical background and context to multiple figures, including Attorney General Janet Reno. \nReflecting the family's journalistic occupations, Henry, Jane, and Robert's newspaper articles and columns make up the bulk of the items in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The materials in this collection represent the Reno family's service as journalists as well as their love of South Florida. These materials are the private and public writings, photographs, and ephemera of the family and provide biographical background and context to multiple figures, including Attorney General Janet Reno. \nReflecting the family's journalistic occupations, Henry, Jane, and Robert's newspaper articles and columns make up the bulk of the items in this collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Reno Family Papers are owned by Florida International University.  This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The Reno Family Papers are owned by Florida International University.  This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"names_ssim":["FIU Special Collections","Henry Olaf and Jane Wood Reno"],"corpname_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"famname_ssim":["Henry Olaf and Jane Wood Reno"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":358,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870844441296633856,"_root_":"447fec1457e486cb004ab68b","timestamp":"2026-07-16T04:31:33.651Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/447fec1457e486cb004ab68b_aspace_d5bb81d3ed98a060b9740f13a78d191a"}},{"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_51719","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Leu Sarasy, 1948-1983","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_51719#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_51719","ref_ssm":["aspace_51719","aspace_51719"],"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_51719","title_filing_ssi":"Leu Sarasy","title_ssm":["Leu Sarasy"],"title_tesim":["Leu Sarasy"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1948-1983"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1948-1983"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Leu Sarasy, 1948-1983"],"text":["Leu Sarasy, 1948-1983","Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991","Correspondence, 1930-1990","Folder 10","/repositories/4/archival_objects/35021","box 22","folder 10"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_51261","4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_51262"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991","Correspondence, 1930-1990"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991","Correspondence, 1930-1990"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 10","/repositories/4/archival_objects/35021"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":452,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n\n  Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence\n  Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"\n"],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983],"containers_ssim":["box 22","folder 10"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#449","_nest_parent_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_51262","_root_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:53:59.490Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","title_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection"],"title_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection"],"ead_ssi":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","unitdate_ssm":["1754-2014"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1754-2014"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148"],"text":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148","Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Marineland (Fla.)","Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)","The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"","The collection is divided into eight series by type of file.","Michael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004.","Materials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023.","A large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library  Online Catalog .  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling  and the  Henry Nehrling Papers  are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the  Harry P. Leu Gardens . The  Henry Nehrling Collection  and the  Theodore L. Mead Collection  are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the  Smithsonian Institution Archives .","Series I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.","\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.","\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.","\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.","\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.","\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.","\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.","\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder.","Michael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here.","UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society","Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1754-2014"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"collection_title_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"collection_ssim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"creator_ssm":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creator_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creators_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"places_ssim":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Some of these materials were donated to and others were purchased by the University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives from Michael A. Spencer in 2006 (CFM2006_09), 2011 (CFM2011_02), 2012 (CFM2012_10), and 2014 (CFM2014_01)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["130 Linear Feet 259 boxes, 2 flat files"],"extent_tesim":["130 Linear Feet 259 boxes, 2 flat files"],"genreform_ssim":["botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"date_range_isim":[1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBoxes 180-181: Personal correspondence\u003c/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBoxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\""],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into eight series by type of file.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into eight series by type of file."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Materials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library \u003cextref href=\"https://library.ucf.edu\"\u003eOnline Catalog\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08c\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally\u003c/extref\u003e, \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08b\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead\u003c/extref\u003e, \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08a\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling\u003c/extref\u003e and the \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM1999-03\"\u003eHenry Nehrling Papers\u003c/extref\u003e are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the \u003cextref href=\"http://www.leugardens.org/\"\u003eHarry P. Leu Gardens\u003c/extref\u003e. The \u003cextref href=\"https://aspace.rollins.edu/repositories/2/resources/4\"\u003eHenry Nehrling Collection\u003c/extref\u003e and the \u003cextref href=\"https://aspace.rollins.edu/repositories/2/resources/97\"\u003eTheodore L. Mead Collection\u003c/extref\u003e are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the \u003cextref href=\"http://siarchives.si.edu/\"\u003eSmithsonian Institution Archives\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["A large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library  Online Catalog .  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling  and the  Henry Nehrling Papers  are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the  Harry P. Leu Gardens . The  Henry Nehrling Collection  and the  Theodore L. Mead Collection  are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the  Smithsonian Institution Archives ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.","\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.","\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.","\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.","\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.","\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.","\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.","\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Copyright Statement"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8e33310d6b1a70e4d88f1e2d3043cf71\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here."],"names_coll_ssim":["Bromeliad Society","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society","Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society"],"persname_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3662,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:53:59.490Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_51719"}},{"id":"0808953c723ed9661cdbafcd","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Levi Marrero Collection, bulk date unknown","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/0808953c723ed9661cdbafcd#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Marrero, Leví"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/0808953c723ed9661cdbafcd#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Cuban historian Levi Marrero author of a multi-volume \"Cuba, economía y sociedad\" donated a large manuscript collection of the documents used to write his book. In addition he donated other research materials, items selected for inclusion in his books and correspondence. This archive represents his personal papers donated to FIU."],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/0808953c723ed9661cdbafcd#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"0808953c723ed9661cdbafcd","title_ssm":["Levi Marrero Collection"],"title_tesim":["Levi Marrero Collection"],"ead_ssi":"0808953c723ed9661cdbafcd","unitdate_ssm":["date unknown"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["date unknown"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SPC5030","/repositories/2/resources/62"],"text":["SPC5030","/repositories/2/resources/62","Levi Marrero Collection, bulk date unknown","Cuba -- Condiciones económicas","Cuba -- Condiciones sociales","Cuba -- Economic conditions"," Cuba -- Social conditions","This collection is open for research.","This collection has been kept in the original order that it was received by the university.","Leví Marrero was born in a city called Santa Clara in Cuba. It was in 1940 that he began teaching as the Chair of Geography and History of the Secondary Education Institute of La Vibora, Havana. Then, around 1951, he was the general superintendent of Higher Secondary Education and served as Professor of Economic History of Cuba. He ended up leaving his job in 1960, in a public letter, asking the Minister at the time to abandon the communist revolution. After the public letter, he chose to take refuge in the Venezuelan embassy in Havana and arrived in that country at the beginning of 1961, where he was received by President Rómulo Betancourt. In 1965, he moved to Puerto Rico, practicing as a professor in Humacao, in 1968-69 he lived in Seville, Spain, collecting data in the Archivo de Indias, for his work: Cuba: Economy and Society (17 volumes). Marrero died in San Juan, Puerto Rico, on March 10, 1995","Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. ","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general","Cuban historian Levi Marrero author of a multi-volume \"Cuba, economía y sociedad\" donated a large manuscript collection of the documents used to write his book. In addition he donated other research materials, items selected for inclusion in his books and correspondence. This archive represents his personal papers donated to FIU.","FIU Special Collections","Marrero, Leví","Spanish; Castilian"],"unitid_tesim":["SPC5030","/repositories/2/resources/62"],"normalized_date_ssm":["bulk date unknown"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Levi Marrero Collection, bulk date unknown"],"collection_title_tesim":["Levi Marrero Collection, bulk date unknown"],"collection_ssim":["Levi Marrero Collection, bulk date unknown"],"repository_ssm":["FIU Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Marrero, Leví"],"creator_ssim":["Marrero, Leví"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Marrero, Leví"],"creators_ssim":["Marrero, Leví"],"access_terms_ssm":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. ","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Levi Marrero"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Cuba -- Condiciones económicas","Cuba -- Condiciones sociales","Cuba -- Economic conditions"," Cuba -- Social conditions"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Cuba -- Condiciones económicas","Cuba -- Condiciones sociales","Cuba -- Economic conditions"," Cuba -- Social conditions"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["12.00 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["12.00 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1534,1535,1536,1537,1538,1539,1540,1541,1542,1543,1544,1545,1546,1547,1548,1549,1550,1551,1552,1553,1554,1555,1556,1557,1558,1559,1560,1561,1562,1563,1564,1565,1566,1567,1568,1569,1570,1571,1572,1573,1574,1575,1576,1577,1578,1579,1580,1581,1582,1583,1584,1585,1586,1587,1588,1589,1590,1591,1592,1593,1594,1595,1596,1597,1598,1599,1600,1601,1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection has been kept in the original order that it was received by the university.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection has been kept in the original order that it was received by the university."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLev\u0026#xED; Marrero was born in a city called Santa Clara in Cuba. It was in 1940 that he began teaching as the Chair of Geography and History of the Secondary Education Institute of La Vibora, Havana. Then, around 1951, he was the general superintendent of Higher Secondary Education and served as Professor of Economic History of Cuba. He ended up leaving his job in 1960, in a public letter, asking the Minister at the time to abandon the communist revolution. After the public letter, he chose to take refuge in the Venezuelan embassy in Havana and arrived in that country at the beginning of 1961, where he was received by President R\u0026#xF3;mulo Betancourt. In 1965, he moved to Puerto Rico, practicing as a professor in Humacao, in 1968-69 he lived in Seville, Spain, collecting data in the Archivo de Indias, for his work: Cuba: Economy and Society (17 volumes). Marrero died in San Juan, Puerto Rico, on March 10, 1995\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Leví Marrero was born in a city called Santa Clara in Cuba. It was in 1940 that he began teaching as the Chair of Geography and History of the Secondary Education Institute of La Vibora, Havana. Then, around 1951, he was the general superintendent of Higher Secondary Education and served as Professor of Economic History of Cuba. He ended up leaving his job in 1960, in a public letter, asking the Minister at the time to abandon the communist revolution. After the public letter, he chose to take refuge in the Venezuelan embassy in Havana and arrived in that country at the beginning of 1961, where he was received by President Rómulo Betancourt. In 1965, he moved to Puerto Rico, practicing as a professor in Humacao, in 1968-69 he lived in Seville, Spain, collecting data in the Archivo de Indias, for his work: Cuba: Economy and Society (17 volumes). Marrero died in San Juan, Puerto Rico, on March 10, 1995"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections \u0026amp; University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. ","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_febff8e40ccdfd830da4ee2eb95c618e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCuban historian Levi Marrero author of a multi-volume \"Cuba, economi\u0026#x301;a y sociedad\" donated a large manuscript collection of the documents used to write his book. In addition he donated other research materials, items selected for inclusion in his books and correspondence. This archive represents his personal papers donated to FIU.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Cuban historian Levi Marrero author of a multi-volume \"Cuba, economía y sociedad\" donated a large manuscript collection of the documents used to write his book. In addition he donated other research materials, items selected for inclusion in his books and correspondence. This archive represents his personal papers donated to FIU."],"names_ssim":["FIU Special Collections","Marrero, Leví"],"corpname_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Marrero, Leví"],"language_ssim":["Spanish; Castilian"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":142,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870844649972695040,"_root_":"0808953c723ed9661cdbafcd","timestamp":"2026-07-16T04:34:52.663Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"0808953c723ed9661cdbafcd","title_ssm":["Levi Marrero Collection"],"title_tesim":["Levi Marrero Collection"],"ead_ssi":"0808953c723ed9661cdbafcd","unitdate_ssm":["date unknown"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["date unknown"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SPC5030","/repositories/2/resources/62"],"text":["SPC5030","/repositories/2/resources/62","Levi Marrero Collection, bulk date unknown","Cuba -- Condiciones económicas","Cuba -- Condiciones sociales","Cuba -- Economic conditions"," Cuba -- Social conditions","This collection is open for research.","This collection has been kept in the original order that it was received by the university.","Leví Marrero was born in a city called Santa Clara in Cuba. It was in 1940 that he began teaching as the Chair of Geography and History of the Secondary Education Institute of La Vibora, Havana. Then, around 1951, he was the general superintendent of Higher Secondary Education and served as Professor of Economic History of Cuba. He ended up leaving his job in 1960, in a public letter, asking the Minister at the time to abandon the communist revolution. After the public letter, he chose to take refuge in the Venezuelan embassy in Havana and arrived in that country at the beginning of 1961, where he was received by President Rómulo Betancourt. In 1965, he moved to Puerto Rico, practicing as a professor in Humacao, in 1968-69 he lived in Seville, Spain, collecting data in the Archivo de Indias, for his work: Cuba: Economy and Society (17 volumes). Marrero died in San Juan, Puerto Rico, on March 10, 1995","Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. ","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general","Cuban historian Levi Marrero author of a multi-volume \"Cuba, economía y sociedad\" donated a large manuscript collection of the documents used to write his book. In addition he donated other research materials, items selected for inclusion in his books and correspondence. 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Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. 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It was in 1940 that he began teaching as the Chair of Geography and History of the Secondary Education Institute of La Vibora, Havana. Then, around 1951, he was the general superintendent of Higher Secondary Education and served as Professor of Economic History of Cuba. He ended up leaving his job in 1960, in a public letter, asking the Minister at the time to abandon the communist revolution. After the public letter, he chose to take refuge in the Venezuelan embassy in Havana and arrived in that country at the beginning of 1961, where he was received by President R\u0026#xF3;mulo Betancourt. In 1965, he moved to Puerto Rico, practicing as a professor in Humacao, in 1968-69 he lived in Seville, Spain, collecting data in the Archivo de Indias, for his work: Cuba: Economy and Society (17 volumes). Marrero died in San Juan, Puerto Rico, on March 10, 1995\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Leví Marrero was born in a city called Santa Clara in Cuba. It was in 1940 that he began teaching as the Chair of Geography and History of the Secondary Education Institute of La Vibora, Havana. Then, around 1951, he was the general superintendent of Higher Secondary Education and served as Professor of Economic History of Cuba. He ended up leaving his job in 1960, in a public letter, asking the Minister at the time to abandon the communist revolution. After the public letter, he chose to take refuge in the Venezuelan embassy in Havana and arrived in that country at the beginning of 1961, where he was received by President Rómulo Betancourt. In 1965, he moved to Puerto Rico, practicing as a professor in Humacao, in 1968-69 he lived in Seville, Spain, collecting data in the Archivo de Indias, for his work: Cuba: Economy and Society (17 volumes). Marrero died in San Juan, Puerto Rico, on March 10, 1995"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections \u0026amp; University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. ","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_febff8e40ccdfd830da4ee2eb95c618e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCuban historian Levi Marrero author of a multi-volume \"Cuba, economi\u0026#x301;a y sociedad\" donated a large manuscript collection of the documents used to write his book. In addition he donated other research materials, items selected for inclusion in his books and correspondence. 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This archive represents his personal papers donated to FIU."],"names_ssim":["FIU Special Collections","Marrero, Leví"],"corpname_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Marrero, Leví"],"language_ssim":["Spanish; Castilian"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":142,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870844649972695040,"_root_":"0808953c723ed9661cdbafcd","timestamp":"2026-07-16T04:34:52.663Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/0808953c723ed9661cdbafcd"}},{"id":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_25f89a91465b30c32f15903d29bb7ff6","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Levine, Donald N. 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(Part 1), Circa 1950-1969","Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006","Writings by others","/repositories/2/archival_objects/29708","","box 67","folder 11"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_60421e776c845bf7cd0dc7e916c56d99"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006","Writings by others"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006","Writings by others"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/2/archival_objects/29708"],"repository_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":1691,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection is open for research."],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969],"language_ssim":[""],"containers_ssim":["box 67","folder 11"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#840","_nest_parent_":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_60421e776c845bf7cd0dc7e916c56d99","_root_":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","timestamp":"2026-04-21T02:08:51.248Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","title_filing_ssi":"Sudarkasa, Niara Collection","title_ssm":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection"],"title_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection"],"ead_ssi":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","unitdate_ssm":["1934-2006"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1934-2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["AARLCC.2006.4","/repositories/2/resources/51"],"text":["AARLCC.2006.4","/repositories/2/resources/51","Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006","Bahamian Americans","Correspondence","Photographs","plaques (flat objects)","Periodicals","The Niara Sudarkasa Collection is open for research.","View a selection of digitized materials from the Niara Sudarkasa Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives.","Niara Sudarkasa, born Gloria Albertha Marshall to a Bahamian immigrant family on August 14, 1938, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, demonstrated exceptional academic promise from an early age. She graduated from Dillard High School at just 14 years old and, at 15, entered Fisk University on a Ford Foundation scholarship to study English. Her intellectual journey deepened at Oberlin College, where exposure to courses on the African diaspora inspired her to change her major to Sociology-Anthropology, earning her bachelor's degree in 1957.","Gloria enrolled at Columbia University in New York, where she pursued graduate studies in Anthropology. She earned both her Master's (1959) and Ph.D. degrees in (1964), becoming the first African American woman to teach at Columbia University. Following the completion of her doctorate, Dr. Sudarkasa was appointed assistant professor of anthropology at New York University (1970-1976), again marking a historic first for an African American woman. ","Gloria Albertha Marshall adopted the name Niara Sudarkasa to reflect her evolving identity as a cultural bridge between African Americans and continental Africans. Her name change marked a deepening commitment to diasporic connection and cultural reclamation.\nAt the University of Michigan, Dr. Sudarkasa continued to break barriers, becoming the first African American faculty member in the Department of Anthropology. From 1978 to 1981, she served as Associate Director of the Center for Afro-American and African Studies, advancing scholarship and institutional support for African diaspora research.","In 1986, she became the first female president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania, a role she held until 1998. Her scholarship increasingly centered on the lives of women in West Africa and the enduring strength of the Black family. Her work in Nigeria earned her recognition from the royal court: in 2001, His Royal Majesty Aláyélúwà Ọba Ọkúnadé Sijuwade Olúbùsẹ II of the Royal Court of Ifẹ́ conferred upon her the chieftaincy title Yèyé Olókun Ìgbàdérò. She was the first African American to receive this honor from the Ifẹ́ Kingdom.","Following her retirement from higher education, Dr. Sudarkasa returned to her hometown of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where she became the first scholar-in-residence at the newly opened African American Research Library and Cultural Center in 2002.\nDr. Sudarkasa was married to John L. Clark and was the mother of Michael Sudarkasa. She passed away on May 31, 2019, at the age of 80, leaving behind a legacy of scholarship, leadership, and cultural stewardship.","The Niara Sudarkasa Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection. ","Parts of the collection have received file level processing. From January 2022 to May 2024, FIU interns, Emmanuel George, and Dominique St. Victor processed \"Series I. Correspondence\" and \"Series III. Professional Papers, Sub-series 1. Writings by Niara Sudarkasa and Sub-series 2. Writings by Others\" as part of the WPHL-FIU Community Data Curation grant.","The Niara Sudarkasa Collection documents the career of anthropologist, Africanist, professor, and university president Dr. Niara Sudarkasa. The collection contains correspondence, scholarly writings, publications, research files, audio visual materials, awards, and business papers dating from 1934 to 2006. The collection also includes Dr. Sudarka's personal library of more than 2,500 books, journals, and pamphlets. The collection highlights Dr. Sudarkasa's professional achievements including becoming the first woman president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania and first Black faculty member of the Anthropology Department at the University of Michigan. Her papers are a unique resource on Yoruba language and culture, ethnic groups in higher education, and the Black Power Movement in the United States. They also document her work to strengthen international programs at Lincoln and the University of Michigan.","Books from this collection were cataloged in the Broward County Library catalog with the prefix \"SUD\".","AARLCC Special Collections","University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)","Sudarkasa, Niara","English"],"unitid_tesim":["AARLCC.2006.4","/repositories/2/resources/51"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1934-2006"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006"],"collection_title_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006"],"collection_ssim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006"],"repository_ssm":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"creator_ssim":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"creators_ssim":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Dr. Niara Sudarkasa donated the materials to the AARLCC Special Collections on October 17, 2006 (Accession AARLCC-2006.4)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Bahamian Americans","Correspondence","Photographs","plaques (flat objects)","Periodicals"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Bahamian Americans","Correspondence","Photographs","plaques (flat objects)","Periodicals"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["400 Hollinger Boxes","410 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["400 Hollinger Boxes","410 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Photographs","plaques (flat objects)","Periodicals"],"date_range_isim":[1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Niara Sudarkasa Collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://digitalarchives.broward.org/digital/collection/nsb\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eView a selection of digitized materials from the Niara Sudarkasa Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Digitized Materials"],"altformavail_tesim":["View a selection of digitized materials from the Niara Sudarkasa Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNiara Sudarkasa, born Gloria Albertha Marshall to a Bahamian immigrant family on August 14, 1938, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, demonstrated exceptional academic promise from an early age. She graduated from Dillard High School at just 14 years old and, at 15, entered Fisk University on a Ford Foundation scholarship to study English. Her intellectual journey deepened at Oberlin College, where exposure to courses on the African diaspora inspired her to change her major to Sociology-Anthropology, earning her bachelor's degree in 1957.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGloria enrolled at Columbia University in New York, where she pursued graduate studies in Anthropology. She earned both her Master's (1959) and Ph.D. degrees in (1964), becoming the first African American woman to teach at Columbia University. Following the completion of her doctorate, Dr. Sudarkasa was appointed assistant professor of anthropology at New York University (1970-1976), again marking a historic first for an African American woman. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGloria Albertha Marshall adopted the name Niara Sudarkasa to reflect her evolving identity as a cultural bridge between African Americans and continental Africans. Her name change marked a deepening commitment to diasporic connection and cultural reclamation.\nAt the University of Michigan, Dr. Sudarkasa continued to break barriers, becoming the first African American faculty member in the Department of Anthropology. From 1978 to 1981, she served as Associate Director of the Center for Afro-American and African Studies, advancing scholarship and institutional support for African diaspora research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1986, she became the first female president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania, a role she held until 1998. Her scholarship increasingly centered on the lives of women in West Africa and the enduring strength of the Black family. Her work in Nigeria earned her recognition from the royal court: in 2001, His Royal Majesty Al\u0026#xE1;y\u0026#xE9;l\u0026#xFA;w\u0026#xE0; \u0026#x1ECC;ba \u0026#x1ECC;k\u0026#xFA;nad\u0026#xE9; Sijuwade Ol\u0026#xFA;b\u0026#xF9;s\u0026#x1EB9; II of the Royal Court of If\u0026#x1EB9;\u0026#x301; conferred upon her the chieftaincy title Y\u0026#xE8;y\u0026#xE9; Ol\u0026#xF3;kun \u0026#xCC;gb\u0026#xE0;d\u0026#xE9;r\u0026#xF2;. She was the first African American to receive this honor from the If\u0026#x1EB9;\u0026#x301; Kingdom.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFollowing her retirement from higher education, Dr. Sudarkasa returned to her hometown of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where she became the first scholar-in-residence at the newly opened African American Research Library and Cultural Center in 2002.\nDr. Sudarkasa was married to John L. Clark and was the mother of Michael Sudarkasa. She passed away on May 31, 2019, at the age of 80, leaving behind a legacy of scholarship, leadership, and cultural stewardship.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa, born Gloria Albertha Marshall to a Bahamian immigrant family on August 14, 1938, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, demonstrated exceptional academic promise from an early age. She graduated from Dillard High School at just 14 years old and, at 15, entered Fisk University on a Ford Foundation scholarship to study English. Her intellectual journey deepened at Oberlin College, where exposure to courses on the African diaspora inspired her to change her major to Sociology-Anthropology, earning her bachelor's degree in 1957.","Gloria enrolled at Columbia University in New York, where she pursued graduate studies in Anthropology. She earned both her Master's (1959) and Ph.D. degrees in (1964), becoming the first African American woman to teach at Columbia University. Following the completion of her doctorate, Dr. Sudarkasa was appointed assistant professor of anthropology at New York University (1970-1976), again marking a historic first for an African American woman. ","Gloria Albertha Marshall adopted the name Niara Sudarkasa to reflect her evolving identity as a cultural bridge between African Americans and continental Africans. Her name change marked a deepening commitment to diasporic connection and cultural reclamation.\nAt the University of Michigan, Dr. Sudarkasa continued to break barriers, becoming the first African American faculty member in the Department of Anthropology. From 1978 to 1981, she served as Associate Director of the Center for Afro-American and African Studies, advancing scholarship and institutional support for African diaspora research.","In 1986, she became the first female president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania, a role she held until 1998. Her scholarship increasingly centered on the lives of women in West Africa and the enduring strength of the Black family. Her work in Nigeria earned her recognition from the royal court: in 2001, His Royal Majesty Aláyélúwà Ọba Ọkúnadé Sijuwade Olúbùsẹ II of the Royal Court of Ifẹ́ conferred upon her the chieftaincy title Yèyé Olókun Ìgbàdérò. She was the first African American to receive this honor from the Ifẹ́ Kingdom.","Following her retirement from higher education, Dr. Sudarkasa returned to her hometown of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where she became the first scholar-in-residence at the newly opened African American Research Library and Cultural Center in 2002.\nDr. Sudarkasa was married to John L. Clark and was the mother of Michael Sudarkasa. She passed away on May 31, 2019, at the age of 80, leaving behind a legacy of scholarship, leadership, and cultural stewardship."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNiara Sudarkasa Collection, African American Research Library and Cultural Center Special Collections, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, African American Research Library and Cultural Center Special Collections, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Niara Sudarkasa Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParts of the collection have received file level processing. From January 2022 to May 2024, FIU interns, Emmanuel George, and Dominique St. Victor processed \"Series I. Correspondence\" and \"Series III. Professional Papers, Sub-series 1. Writings by Niara Sudarkasa and Sub-series 2. Writings by Others\" as part of the WPHL-FIU Community Data Curation grant.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection. ","Parts of the collection have received file level processing. From January 2022 to May 2024, FIU interns, Emmanuel George, and Dominique St. Victor processed \"Series I. Correspondence\" and \"Series III. Professional Papers, Sub-series 1. Writings by Niara Sudarkasa and Sub-series 2. Writings by Others\" as part of the WPHL-FIU Community Data Curation grant."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Niara Sudarkasa Collection documents the career of anthropologist, Africanist, professor, and university president Dr. Niara Sudarkasa. The collection contains correspondence, scholarly writings, publications, research files, audio visual materials, awards, and business papers dating from 1934 to 2006. The collection also includes Dr. Sudarka's personal library of more than 2,500 books, journals, and pamphlets. The collection highlights Dr. Sudarkasa's professional achievements including becoming the first woman president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania and first Black faculty member of the Anthropology Department at the University of Michigan. Her papers are a unique resource on Yoruba language and culture, ethnic groups in higher education, and the Black Power Movement in the United States. They also document her work to strengthen international programs at Lincoln and the University of Michigan.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection documents the career of anthropologist, Africanist, professor, and university president Dr. Niara Sudarkasa. The collection contains correspondence, scholarly writings, publications, research files, audio visual materials, awards, and business papers dating from 1934 to 2006. The collection also includes Dr. Sudarka's personal library of more than 2,500 books, journals, and pamphlets. The collection highlights Dr. Sudarkasa's professional achievements including becoming the first woman president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania and first Black faculty member of the Anthropology Department at the University of Michigan. Her papers are a unique resource on Yoruba language and culture, ethnic groups in higher education, and the Black Power Movement in the United States. They also document her work to strengthen international programs at Lincoln and the University of Michigan."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://broward.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/search/results?qu=SUD\u0026amp;qf=LOCATION%09Shelf+Location%091%3AAF-SPC%09AARLCC+Special+Collections\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBooks from this collection were cataloged in the Broward County Library catalog with the prefix \"SUD\".\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Access the Books"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Books from this collection were cataloged in the Broward County Library catalog with the prefix \"SUD\"."],"names_coll_ssim":["University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)"],"names_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections","University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)","Sudarkasa, Niara"],"corpname_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections","University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)"],"persname_ssim":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2760,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","timestamp":"2026-04-21T02:08:51.248Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_25f89a91465b30c32f15903d29bb7ff6"}},{"id":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_307c1404d2f9de92aefdd19f33980f65","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Levine, Donald N. (Part 2), Circa 1950-1969","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_307c1404d2f9de92aefdd19f33980f65#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_307c1404d2f9de92aefdd19f33980f65","ref_ssm":["aspace_307c1404d2f9de92aefdd19f33980f65","aspace_307c1404d2f9de92aefdd19f33980f65"],"id":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_307c1404d2f9de92aefdd19f33980f65","title_filing_ssi":"Levine, Donald N. (Part 2)","title_ssm":["Levine, Donald N. (Part 2)"],"title_tesim":["Levine, Donald N. (Part 2)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 1950-1969"],"normalized_date_ssm":["Circa 1950-1969"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Levine, Donald N. (Part 2), Circa 1950-1969"],"text":["Levine, Donald N. (Part 2), Circa 1950-1969","Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006","Writings by others","/repositories/2/archival_objects/29709","","box 67","folder 12"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_60421e776c845bf7cd0dc7e916c56d99"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006","Writings by others"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006","Writings by others"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/2/archival_objects/29709"],"repository_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":1692,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection is open for research."],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969],"language_ssim":[""],"containers_ssim":["box 67","folder 12"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#841","_nest_parent_":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_60421e776c845bf7cd0dc7e916c56d99","_root_":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","timestamp":"2026-04-21T02:08:51.248Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","title_filing_ssi":"Sudarkasa, Niara Collection","title_ssm":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection"],"title_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection"],"ead_ssi":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","unitdate_ssm":["1934-2006"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1934-2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["AARLCC.2006.4","/repositories/2/resources/51"],"text":["AARLCC.2006.4","/repositories/2/resources/51","Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006","Bahamian Americans","Correspondence","Photographs","plaques (flat objects)","Periodicals","The Niara Sudarkasa Collection is open for research.","View a selection of digitized materials from the Niara Sudarkasa Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives.","Niara Sudarkasa, born Gloria Albertha Marshall to a Bahamian immigrant family on August 14, 1938, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, demonstrated exceptional academic promise from an early age. She graduated from Dillard High School at just 14 years old and, at 15, entered Fisk University on a Ford Foundation scholarship to study English. Her intellectual journey deepened at Oberlin College, where exposure to courses on the African diaspora inspired her to change her major to Sociology-Anthropology, earning her bachelor's degree in 1957.","Gloria enrolled at Columbia University in New York, where she pursued graduate studies in Anthropology. She earned both her Master's (1959) and Ph.D. degrees in (1964), becoming the first African American woman to teach at Columbia University. Following the completion of her doctorate, Dr. Sudarkasa was appointed assistant professor of anthropology at New York University (1970-1976), again marking a historic first for an African American woman. ","Gloria Albertha Marshall adopted the name Niara Sudarkasa to reflect her evolving identity as a cultural bridge between African Americans and continental Africans. Her name change marked a deepening commitment to diasporic connection and cultural reclamation.\nAt the University of Michigan, Dr. Sudarkasa continued to break barriers, becoming the first African American faculty member in the Department of Anthropology. From 1978 to 1981, she served as Associate Director of the Center for Afro-American and African Studies, advancing scholarship and institutional support for African diaspora research.","In 1986, she became the first female president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania, a role she held until 1998. Her scholarship increasingly centered on the lives of women in West Africa and the enduring strength of the Black family. Her work in Nigeria earned her recognition from the royal court: in 2001, His Royal Majesty Aláyélúwà Ọba Ọkúnadé Sijuwade Olúbùsẹ II of the Royal Court of Ifẹ́ conferred upon her the chieftaincy title Yèyé Olókun Ìgbàdérò. She was the first African American to receive this honor from the Ifẹ́ Kingdom.","Following her retirement from higher education, Dr. Sudarkasa returned to her hometown of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where she became the first scholar-in-residence at the newly opened African American Research Library and Cultural Center in 2002.\nDr. Sudarkasa was married to John L. Clark and was the mother of Michael Sudarkasa. She passed away on May 31, 2019, at the age of 80, leaving behind a legacy of scholarship, leadership, and cultural stewardship.","The Niara Sudarkasa Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection. ","Parts of the collection have received file level processing. From January 2022 to May 2024, FIU interns, Emmanuel George, and Dominique St. Victor processed \"Series I. Correspondence\" and \"Series III. Professional Papers, Sub-series 1. Writings by Niara Sudarkasa and Sub-series 2. Writings by Others\" as part of the WPHL-FIU Community Data Curation grant.","The Niara Sudarkasa Collection documents the career of anthropologist, Africanist, professor, and university president Dr. Niara Sudarkasa. The collection contains correspondence, scholarly writings, publications, research files, audio visual materials, awards, and business papers dating from 1934 to 2006. The collection also includes Dr. Sudarka's personal library of more than 2,500 books, journals, and pamphlets. The collection highlights Dr. Sudarkasa's professional achievements including becoming the first woman president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania and first Black faculty member of the Anthropology Department at the University of Michigan. Her papers are a unique resource on Yoruba language and culture, ethnic groups in higher education, and the Black Power Movement in the United States. They also document her work to strengthen international programs at Lincoln and the University of Michigan.","Books from this collection were cataloged in the Broward County Library catalog with the prefix \"SUD\".","AARLCC Special Collections","University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)","Sudarkasa, Niara","English"],"unitid_tesim":["AARLCC.2006.4","/repositories/2/resources/51"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1934-2006"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006"],"collection_title_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006"],"collection_ssim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006"],"repository_ssm":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"creator_ssim":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"creators_ssim":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Dr. Niara Sudarkasa donated the materials to the AARLCC Special Collections on October 17, 2006 (Accession AARLCC-2006.4)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Bahamian Americans","Correspondence","Photographs","plaques (flat objects)","Periodicals"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Bahamian Americans","Correspondence","Photographs","plaques (flat objects)","Periodicals"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["400 Hollinger Boxes","410 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["400 Hollinger Boxes","410 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Photographs","plaques (flat objects)","Periodicals"],"date_range_isim":[1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Niara Sudarkasa Collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://digitalarchives.broward.org/digital/collection/nsb\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eView a selection of digitized materials from the Niara Sudarkasa Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Digitized Materials"],"altformavail_tesim":["View a selection of digitized materials from the Niara Sudarkasa Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNiara Sudarkasa, born Gloria Albertha Marshall to a Bahamian immigrant family on August 14, 1938, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, demonstrated exceptional academic promise from an early age. She graduated from Dillard High School at just 14 years old and, at 15, entered Fisk University on a Ford Foundation scholarship to study English. Her intellectual journey deepened at Oberlin College, where exposure to courses on the African diaspora inspired her to change her major to Sociology-Anthropology, earning her bachelor's degree in 1957.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGloria enrolled at Columbia University in New York, where she pursued graduate studies in Anthropology. She earned both her Master's (1959) and Ph.D. degrees in (1964), becoming the first African American woman to teach at Columbia University. Following the completion of her doctorate, Dr. Sudarkasa was appointed assistant professor of anthropology at New York University (1970-1976), again marking a historic first for an African American woman. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGloria Albertha Marshall adopted the name Niara Sudarkasa to reflect her evolving identity as a cultural bridge between African Americans and continental Africans. Her name change marked a deepening commitment to diasporic connection and cultural reclamation.\nAt the University of Michigan, Dr. Sudarkasa continued to break barriers, becoming the first African American faculty member in the Department of Anthropology. From 1978 to 1981, she served as Associate Director of the Center for Afro-American and African Studies, advancing scholarship and institutional support for African diaspora research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1986, she became the first female president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania, a role she held until 1998. Her scholarship increasingly centered on the lives of women in West Africa and the enduring strength of the Black family. Her work in Nigeria earned her recognition from the royal court: in 2001, His Royal Majesty Al\u0026#xE1;y\u0026#xE9;l\u0026#xFA;w\u0026#xE0; \u0026#x1ECC;ba \u0026#x1ECC;k\u0026#xFA;nad\u0026#xE9; Sijuwade Ol\u0026#xFA;b\u0026#xF9;s\u0026#x1EB9; II of the Royal Court of If\u0026#x1EB9;\u0026#x301; conferred upon her the chieftaincy title Y\u0026#xE8;y\u0026#xE9; Ol\u0026#xF3;kun \u0026#xCC;gb\u0026#xE0;d\u0026#xE9;r\u0026#xF2;. She was the first African American to receive this honor from the If\u0026#x1EB9;\u0026#x301; Kingdom.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFollowing her retirement from higher education, Dr. Sudarkasa returned to her hometown of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where she became the first scholar-in-residence at the newly opened African American Research Library and Cultural Center in 2002.\nDr. Sudarkasa was married to John L. Clark and was the mother of Michael Sudarkasa. She passed away on May 31, 2019, at the age of 80, leaving behind a legacy of scholarship, leadership, and cultural stewardship.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa, born Gloria Albertha Marshall to a Bahamian immigrant family on August 14, 1938, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, demonstrated exceptional academic promise from an early age. She graduated from Dillard High School at just 14 years old and, at 15, entered Fisk University on a Ford Foundation scholarship to study English. Her intellectual journey deepened at Oberlin College, where exposure to courses on the African diaspora inspired her to change her major to Sociology-Anthropology, earning her bachelor's degree in 1957.","Gloria enrolled at Columbia University in New York, where she pursued graduate studies in Anthropology. She earned both her Master's (1959) and Ph.D. degrees in (1964), becoming the first African American woman to teach at Columbia University. Following the completion of her doctorate, Dr. Sudarkasa was appointed assistant professor of anthropology at New York University (1970-1976), again marking a historic first for an African American woman. ","Gloria Albertha Marshall adopted the name Niara Sudarkasa to reflect her evolving identity as a cultural bridge between African Americans and continental Africans. Her name change marked a deepening commitment to diasporic connection and cultural reclamation.\nAt the University of Michigan, Dr. Sudarkasa continued to break barriers, becoming the first African American faculty member in the Department of Anthropology. From 1978 to 1981, she served as Associate Director of the Center for Afro-American and African Studies, advancing scholarship and institutional support for African diaspora research.","In 1986, she became the first female president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania, a role she held until 1998. Her scholarship increasingly centered on the lives of women in West Africa and the enduring strength of the Black family. Her work in Nigeria earned her recognition from the royal court: in 2001, His Royal Majesty Aláyélúwà Ọba Ọkúnadé Sijuwade Olúbùsẹ II of the Royal Court of Ifẹ́ conferred upon her the chieftaincy title Yèyé Olókun Ìgbàdérò. She was the first African American to receive this honor from the Ifẹ́ Kingdom.","Following her retirement from higher education, Dr. Sudarkasa returned to her hometown of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where she became the first scholar-in-residence at the newly opened African American Research Library and Cultural Center in 2002.\nDr. Sudarkasa was married to John L. Clark and was the mother of Michael Sudarkasa. She passed away on May 31, 2019, at the age of 80, leaving behind a legacy of scholarship, leadership, and cultural stewardship."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNiara Sudarkasa Collection, African American Research Library and Cultural Center Special Collections, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, African American Research Library and Cultural Center Special Collections, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Niara Sudarkasa Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParts of the collection have received file level processing. From January 2022 to May 2024, FIU interns, Emmanuel George, and Dominique St. Victor processed \"Series I. Correspondence\" and \"Series III. Professional Papers, Sub-series 1. Writings by Niara Sudarkasa and Sub-series 2. Writings by Others\" as part of the WPHL-FIU Community Data Curation grant.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection. ","Parts of the collection have received file level processing. From January 2022 to May 2024, FIU interns, Emmanuel George, and Dominique St. Victor processed \"Series I. Correspondence\" and \"Series III. Professional Papers, Sub-series 1. Writings by Niara Sudarkasa and Sub-series 2. Writings by Others\" as part of the WPHL-FIU Community Data Curation grant."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Niara Sudarkasa Collection documents the career of anthropologist, Africanist, professor, and university president Dr. Niara Sudarkasa. The collection contains correspondence, scholarly writings, publications, research files, audio visual materials, awards, and business papers dating from 1934 to 2006. The collection also includes Dr. Sudarka's personal library of more than 2,500 books, journals, and pamphlets. The collection highlights Dr. Sudarkasa's professional achievements including becoming the first woman president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania and first Black faculty member of the Anthropology Department at the University of Michigan. Her papers are a unique resource on Yoruba language and culture, ethnic groups in higher education, and the Black Power Movement in the United States. They also document her work to strengthen international programs at Lincoln and the University of Michigan.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection documents the career of anthropologist, Africanist, professor, and university president Dr. Niara Sudarkasa. The collection contains correspondence, scholarly writings, publications, research files, audio visual materials, awards, and business papers dating from 1934 to 2006. The collection also includes Dr. Sudarka's personal library of more than 2,500 books, journals, and pamphlets. The collection highlights Dr. Sudarkasa's professional achievements including becoming the first woman president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania and first Black faculty member of the Anthropology Department at the University of Michigan. Her papers are a unique resource on Yoruba language and culture, ethnic groups in higher education, and the Black Power Movement in the United States. They also document her work to strengthen international programs at Lincoln and the University of Michigan."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://broward.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/search/results?qu=SUD\u0026amp;qf=LOCATION%09Shelf+Location%091%3AAF-SPC%09AARLCC+Special+Collections\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBooks from this collection were cataloged in the Broward County Library catalog with the prefix \"SUD\".\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Access the Books"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Books from this collection were cataloged in the Broward County Library catalog with the prefix \"SUD\"."],"names_coll_ssim":["University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)"],"names_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections","University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)","Sudarkasa, Niara"],"corpname_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections","University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)"],"persname_ssim":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2760,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","timestamp":"2026-04-21T02:08:51.248Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_307c1404d2f9de92aefdd19f33980f65"}},{"id":"59b5da2f9ee72e5e6476f2ba","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"LGBTQ+ ephemera collection, 1930-2023, Date acquired: 08/00/2013","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/59b5da2f9ee72e5e6476f2ba#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Anonymous"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/59b5da2f9ee72e5e6476f2ba#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["A collection of ephemera relating to the LGBTQ+ community in the United States and Europe."],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/59b5da2f9ee72e5e6476f2ba#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"59b5da2f9ee72e5e6476f2ba","title_ssm":["LGBTQ+ ephemera collection"],"title_tesim":["LGBTQ+ ephemera collection"],"ead_ssi":"59b5da2f9ee72e5e6476f2ba","unitdate_ssm":["1930-2023","Date acquired: 08/00/2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1930-2023"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 08/00/2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-2013-06","/repositories/2/resources/185"],"text":["MS-2013-06","/repositories/2/resources/185","LGBTQ+ ephemera collection, 1930-2023, Date acquired: 08/00/2013","LGBTQ+","LGBTQ+ film festivals","Lesbian and gay experience","Queer studies -- Tampa (Fla.)","Gay culture","Gay men -- Florida","Gay rights -- United States","Gays -- Social life and customs","HIV/AIDS","HIV/AIDS awareness","Queer community ","Queer culture","LGBTQ+ activists","LGBTQ+ communities","LGBTQ+ History","Some material in this collection is restricted by age. Patron will be required to demonstrate by State Issued ID that they are of the proper age of consent (18+) to view this material.","The material is arranged by content type, and where applicable, by alphabetical order.","Gay Surfer Collection, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","Donald L. Bentz Collection, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida","The Equality Florida Records, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida","The National Center for Lesbian Rights (St. Petersburg Office) Records, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","The collection contains magazines, ephemera, pamphlets, publications, buttons, stickers, photographs, and clothing items relating to LGBTQ+ communities. Materials focus on the Tampa Bay region, Florida, the United States, and globally. Topics include LGBTQ+ support organizations, activism, public health, sexual wellness, legislation, social life and culture, LGBTQ+ businesses, HIV/AIDS information and advocacy, and LGBTQ+-affirming religious spaces.","Magazine series removed and cataloged separately.","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","A collection of ephemera relating to the LGBTQ+ community in the United States and Europe.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Anonymous","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-2013-06","/repositories/2/resources/185"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1930-2023, Date acquired: 08/00/2013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["LGBTQ+ ephemera collection, 1930-2023, Date acquired: 08/00/2013"],"collection_title_tesim":["LGBTQ+ ephemera collection, 1930-2023, Date acquired: 08/00/2013"],"collection_ssim":["LGBTQ+ ephemera collection, 1930-2023, Date acquired: 08/00/2013"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Anonymous"],"creator_ssim":["Anonymous"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Anonymous"],"creators_ssim":["Anonymous"],"access_terms_ssm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Anonymous","Donation"],"access_subjects_ssim":["LGBTQ+","LGBTQ+ film festivals","Lesbian and gay experience","Queer studies -- Tampa (Fla.)","Gay culture","Gay men -- Florida","Gay rights -- United States","Gays -- Social life and customs","HIV/AIDS","HIV/AIDS awareness","Queer community ","Queer culture","LGBTQ+ activists","LGBTQ+ communities","LGBTQ+ History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["LGBTQ+","LGBTQ+ film festivals","Lesbian and gay experience","Queer studies -- Tampa (Fla.)","Gay culture","Gay men -- Florida","Gay rights -- United States","Gays -- Social life and customs","HIV/AIDS","HIV/AIDS awareness","Queer community ","Queer culture","LGBTQ+ activists","LGBTQ+ communities","LGBTQ+ History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.25 Linear Feet","17 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["8.25 Linear Feet","17 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome material in this collection is restricted by age. Patron will be required to demonstrate by State Issued ID that they are of the proper age of consent (18+) to view this material.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Some material in this collection is restricted by age. Patron will be required to demonstrate by State Issued ID that they are of the proper age of consent (18+) to view this material."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe material is arranged by content type, and where applicable, by alphabetical order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The material is arranged by content type, and where applicable, by alphabetical order."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLGBT Ephemera Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u0026#xA0;\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["LGBT Ephemera Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. "],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGay Surfer Collection, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDonald L. Bentz Collection, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Equality Florida Records, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe National Center for Lesbian Rights (St. Petersburg Office) Records, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Gay Surfer Collection, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","Donald L. Bentz Collection, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida","The Equality Florida Records, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida","The National Center for Lesbian Rights (St. Petersburg Office) Records, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains magazines, ephemera, pamphlets, publications, buttons, stickers, photographs, and clothing items relating to LGBTQ+ communities. Materials focus on the Tampa Bay region, Florida, the United States, and globally. Topics include LGBTQ+ support organizations, activism, public health, sexual wellness, legislation, social life and culture, LGBTQ+ businesses, HIV/AIDS information and advocacy, and LGBTQ+-affirming religious spaces.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains magazines, ephemera, pamphlets, publications, buttons, stickers, photographs, and clothing items relating to LGBTQ+ communities. Materials focus on the Tampa Bay region, Florida, the United States, and globally. Topics include LGBTQ+ support organizations, activism, public health, sexual wellness, legislation, social life and culture, LGBTQ+ businesses, HIV/AIDS information and advocacy, and LGBTQ+-affirming religious spaces."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMagazine series removed and cataloged separately.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Magazine series removed and cataloged separately."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0;The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_b4167eb073c62e340fce5c4396c875db\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eA collection of ephemera relating to the LGBTQ+ community in the United States and Europe.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of ephemera relating to the LGBTQ+ community in the United States and Europe."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Anonymous"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Anonymous"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":976,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1872764914041356288,"_root_":"59b5da2f9ee72e5e6476f2ba","timestamp":"2026-08-06T09:16:39.172Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"59b5da2f9ee72e5e6476f2ba","title_ssm":["LGBTQ+ ephemera collection"],"title_tesim":["LGBTQ+ ephemera collection"],"ead_ssi":"59b5da2f9ee72e5e6476f2ba","unitdate_ssm":["1930-2023","Date acquired: 08/00/2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1930-2023"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 08/00/2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-2013-06","/repositories/2/resources/185"],"text":["MS-2013-06","/repositories/2/resources/185","LGBTQ+ ephemera collection, 1930-2023, Date acquired: 08/00/2013","LGBTQ+","LGBTQ+ film festivals","Lesbian and gay experience","Queer studies -- Tampa (Fla.)","Gay culture","Gay men -- Florida","Gay rights -- United States","Gays -- Social life and customs","HIV/AIDS","HIV/AIDS awareness","Queer community ","Queer culture","LGBTQ+ activists","LGBTQ+ communities","LGBTQ+ History","Some material in this collection is restricted by age. Patron will be required to demonstrate by State Issued ID that they are of the proper age of consent (18+) to view this material.","The material is arranged by content type, and where applicable, by alphabetical order.","Gay Surfer Collection, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","Donald L. Bentz Collection, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida","The Equality Florida Records, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida","The National Center for Lesbian Rights (St. Petersburg Office) Records, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","The collection contains magazines, ephemera, pamphlets, publications, buttons, stickers, photographs, and clothing items relating to LGBTQ+ communities. Materials focus on the Tampa Bay region, Florida, the United States, and globally. Topics include LGBTQ+ support organizations, activism, public health, sexual wellness, legislation, social life and culture, LGBTQ+ businesses, HIV/AIDS information and advocacy, and LGBTQ+-affirming religious spaces.","Magazine series removed and cataloged separately.","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","A collection of ephemera relating to the LGBTQ+ community in the United States and Europe.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Anonymous","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-2013-06","/repositories/2/resources/185"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1930-2023, Date acquired: 08/00/2013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["LGBTQ+ ephemera collection, 1930-2023, Date acquired: 08/00/2013"],"collection_title_tesim":["LGBTQ+ ephemera collection, 1930-2023, Date acquired: 08/00/2013"],"collection_ssim":["LGBTQ+ ephemera collection, 1930-2023, Date acquired: 08/00/2013"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Anonymous"],"creator_ssim":["Anonymous"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Anonymous"],"creators_ssim":["Anonymous"],"access_terms_ssm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Anonymous","Donation"],"access_subjects_ssim":["LGBTQ+","LGBTQ+ film festivals","Lesbian and gay experience","Queer studies -- Tampa (Fla.)","Gay culture","Gay men -- Florida","Gay rights -- United States","Gays -- Social life and customs","HIV/AIDS","HIV/AIDS awareness","Queer community ","Queer culture","LGBTQ+ activists","LGBTQ+ communities","LGBTQ+ History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["LGBTQ+","LGBTQ+ film festivals","Lesbian and gay experience","Queer studies -- Tampa (Fla.)","Gay culture","Gay men -- Florida","Gay rights -- United States","Gays -- Social life and customs","HIV/AIDS","HIV/AIDS awareness","Queer community ","Queer culture","LGBTQ+ activists","LGBTQ+ communities","LGBTQ+ History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.25 Linear Feet","17 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["8.25 Linear Feet","17 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome material in this collection is restricted by age. Patron will be required to demonstrate by State Issued ID that they are of the proper age of consent (18+) to view this material.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Some material in this collection is restricted by age. Patron will be required to demonstrate by State Issued ID that they are of the proper age of consent (18+) to view this material."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe material is arranged by content type, and where applicable, by alphabetical order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The material is arranged by content type, and where applicable, by alphabetical order."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLGBT Ephemera Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u0026#xA0;\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["LGBT Ephemera Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. "],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGay Surfer Collection, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDonald L. Bentz Collection, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Equality Florida Records, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe National Center for Lesbian Rights (St. Petersburg Office) Records, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Gay Surfer Collection, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","Donald L. Bentz Collection, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida","The Equality Florida Records, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida","The National Center for Lesbian Rights (St. Petersburg Office) Records, Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains magazines, ephemera, pamphlets, publications, buttons, stickers, photographs, and clothing items relating to LGBTQ+ communities. Materials focus on the Tampa Bay region, Florida, the United States, and globally. Topics include LGBTQ+ support organizations, activism, public health, sexual wellness, legislation, social life and culture, LGBTQ+ businesses, HIV/AIDS information and advocacy, and LGBTQ+-affirming religious spaces.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains magazines, ephemera, pamphlets, publications, buttons, stickers, photographs, and clothing items relating to LGBTQ+ communities. Materials focus on the Tampa Bay region, Florida, the United States, and globally. Topics include LGBTQ+ support organizations, activism, public health, sexual wellness, legislation, social life and culture, LGBTQ+ businesses, HIV/AIDS information and advocacy, and LGBTQ+-affirming religious spaces."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMagazine series removed and cataloged separately.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Magazine series removed and cataloged separately."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0;The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_b4167eb073c62e340fce5c4396c875db\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eA collection of ephemera relating to the LGBTQ+ community in the United States and Europe.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of ephemera relating to the LGBTQ+ community in the United States and Europe."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Anonymous"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Anonymous"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":976,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1872764914041356288,"_root_":"59b5da2f9ee72e5e6476f2ba","timestamp":"2026-08-06T09:16:39.172Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/59b5da2f9ee72e5e6476f2ba"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","value":"Michael A. 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