{"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1964\u0026page=216","prev":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1964\u0026page=215","next":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1964\u0026page=217","last":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1964\u0026page=431"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":216,"next_page":217,"prev_page":215,"total_pages":431,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":2150,"total_count":4307,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"8936e1529956230dd7d1e475","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Joseph Jennings transcript, 1922-2008, Date acquired: 12/07/2001, bulk 1941-1945","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8936e1529956230dd7d1e475#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Jennings, Joseph"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8936e1529956230dd7d1e475#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of an oral history interview transcript of Joseph Jennings, who was enlisted in the U.S. Navy and worked as an aircraft radio operator during World War II and served in the South Atlantic guarding the Brazilian coastline near Rio do Janeiro. The interview covers his duties and anecdotes, like his training in Norfolk, VA, his emergency appendectomy, and his time in Dutch Guyana. 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The interview covers his duties and anecdotes, like his training in Norfolk, VA, his emergency appendectomy, and his time in Dutch Guyana. The interview also describes his early years during the Great Depression in Oklahoma.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of an oral history interview transcript of Joseph Jennings, who was enlisted in the U.S. Navy and worked as an aircraft radio operator during World War II and served in the South Atlantic guarding the Brazilian coastline near Rio do Janeiro. The interview covers his duties and anecdotes, like his training in Norfolk, VA, his emergency appendectomy, and his time in Dutch Guyana. 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Cittadini collection, 1943-2005, Date acquired: 10/22/2004, bulk 1944","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/6a5e8e878dcb645f10e9a6e6#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Cittadini, Joseph L."],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/6a5e8e878dcb645f10e9a6e6#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Joseph L. Cittadini who served as a Navigator with the 384th Bombardment Group.  The collection includes photographs, letters, and official documents from his time as a navigator with the US Army Air Corp and his time as a prisoner of war during World War II. Photographs include several of Cittadini with his crew of the \"Goin' Dawg\" and \"Nutalls Nut House\" B-17 bombers. 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Cittadini collection, 1943-2005, Date acquired: 10/22/2004, bulk 1944","Stalag Luft XIII","Stalag Luft VII","Grafton-Underwood (Eng.)","Nuremberg (Germany)","World War, 1939-1945--Germany","Prisoners of war--Europe--Interviews","World War, 1939-1945--Prisoners and prisons","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations","World War, 1939-1945--Great Britain","Prisoners of war--United States","Navigation (Aeronautics)","This collection is open to all researchers.","Joseph L. Cittadini was born September 15, 1916, in Montreal, Canada. At age 11, he moved to Brooklyn, New York, where he lived for most of his adult life with wife Florence.On August 14, 1943, he joined active service at age 25, making him one of the older men during his Navigator Pre-Flight and Advanced training at Selman Field, Lousiana. As part of the 384th Bomb Group out of Grafton-Underwood in England, he completed 19 missions before his plane went down on the 20th. Cittadini was then captured and held as a prisoner of war for almost a year, primarily at Stalag Luft III in Sagan, Germany, then in Stalag XIIID in Nurnberg, then finally in Stalag Luft VIIA in Moosberg, moving each time allied forces drew near. The camp in Moosberg was liberated by General Patton's 3rd Army on April 29, 1945.","Upon release, he was sent to Miami Beach, Florida and then Ellington Field, Texas for rehabilitation. After the war, he received the Purple Heart for wounds received during his 20th mission. Cittadini left active service in December of 1945, though he remained a reserve officer until 1968. The last few years of his life were spent in Melbourne, Florida near Patrick Air Force Base. His rank at death was Lieutenant Colonel.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection relates to Joseph L. Cittadini who served as a Navigator with the 384th Bombardment Group.  The collection includes photographs, letters, and official documents from his time as a navigator with the US Army Air Corp and his time as a prisoner of war during World War II. Photographs include several of Cittadini with his crew of the \"Goin' Dawg\" and \"Nutalls Nut House\" B-17 bombers. Cittadini was a prisoner of war for a year after being shot down on a mission over Berlin and was held in several POW camps, but primarily in Stalag Luft III in Sagan, Germany. His account of this is told in detail in both a manuscript and an oral history transcript.","Other documents include letters from his wife, Florence, detailing her experiences as a wife of a soldier who was missing in action. Several official records are included, which give information on topics such as Cittadini's marriage, his receipt of a Purple Heart, and his medical history. Also included is a copy of the October 1944 edition of the Navigator's Information File.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Group, 384th","United States. Army. European Theater of Operations","Stalag Luft III","Cittadini, Joseph L.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["01.0359","/repositories/10/resources/918"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1943-2005, Date acquired: 10/22/2004, bulk 1944"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joseph L. 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His rank at death was Lieutenant Colonel."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Joseph L. Cittadini collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_01_0359\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_01_0359\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Joseph L. Cittadini collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_01_0359 ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Joseph L. Cittadini who served as a Navigator with the 384th Bombardment Group.\u0026#xA0; The collection includes photographs, letters, and official documents from his time as a navigator with the US Army Air Corp and his time as a prisoner of war during World War II. Photographs include several of Cittadini with his crew of the \"Goin' Dawg\" and \"Nutalls Nut House\" B-17 bombers. Cittadini was a prisoner of war for a year after being shot down on a mission over Berlin and was held in several POW camps, but primarily in Stalag Luft III in Sagan, Germany. His account of this is told in detail in both a manuscript and an oral history transcript.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOther documents include letters from his wife, Florence, detailing her experiences as a wife of a soldier who was missing in action. Several official records are included, which give information on topics such as Cittadini's marriage, his receipt of a Purple Heart, and his medical history. Also included is a copy of the October 1944 edition of the Navigator's Information File.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to Joseph L. Cittadini who served as a Navigator with the 384th Bombardment Group.  The collection includes photographs, letters, and official documents from his time as a navigator with the US Army Air Corp and his time as a prisoner of war during World War II. Photographs include several of Cittadini with his crew of the \"Goin' Dawg\" and \"Nutalls Nut House\" B-17 bombers. Cittadini was a prisoner of war for a year after being shot down on a mission over Berlin and was held in several POW camps, but primarily in Stalag Luft III in Sagan, Germany. His account of this is told in detail in both a manuscript and an oral history transcript.","Other documents include letters from his wife, Florence, detailing her experiences as a wife of a soldier who was missing in action. Several official records are included, which give information on topics such as Cittadini's marriage, his receipt of a Purple Heart, and his medical history. 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Cittadini who served as a Navigator with the 384th Bombardment Group.  The collection includes photographs, letters, and official documents from his time as a navigator with the US Army Air Corp and his time as a prisoner of war during World War II. Photographs include several of Cittadini with his crew of the \"Goin' Dawg\" and \"Nutalls Nut House\" B-17 bombers. Cittadini was a prisoner of war for a year after being shot down on a mission over Berlin and was held in several POW camps, but primarily in Stalag Luft III in Sagan, Germany. His account of this is told in detail in both a manuscript and an oral history transcript.","Other documents include letters from his wife, Florence, detailing her experiences as a wife of a soldier who was missing in action. Several official records are included, which give information on topics such as Cittadini's marriage, his receipt of a Purple Heart, and his medical history. 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His rank at death was Lieutenant Colonel."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Joseph L. Cittadini collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_01_0359\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_01_0359\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Joseph L. 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Photographs include several of Cittadini with his crew of the \"Goin' Dawg\" and \"Nutalls Nut House\" B-17 bombers. Cittadini was a prisoner of war for a year after being shot down on a mission over Berlin and was held in several POW camps, but primarily in Stalag Luft III in Sagan, Germany. His account of this is told in detail in both a manuscript and an oral history transcript.","Other documents include letters from his wife, Florence, detailing her experiences as a wife of a soldier who was missing in action. Several official records are included, which give information on topics such as Cittadini's marriage, his receipt of a Purple Heart, and his medical history. 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Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Till-Mobley, Mamie, 1921-2003","Till, Emmett, 1941-1955","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 2017-002","/repositories/10/resources/962"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1955-1960, 1990-2005, Date acquired: 02/13/2017, bulk 1955-1960"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joseph Tobias Papers, 1955-1960, 1990-2005, Date acquired: 02/13/2017, bulk 1955-1960"],"collection_title_tesim":["Joseph Tobias Papers, 1955-1960, 1990-2005, Date acquired: 02/13/2017, bulk 1955-1960"],"collection_ssim":["Joseph Tobias Papers, 1955-1960, 1990-2005, Date acquired: 02/13/2017, bulk 1955-1960"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright restrictions may apply to works in this collection. Re-use or copying beyond Fair Use may require permission from the rights-holder. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Nina Tobias","Deed of Gift"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Motion picture industry."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Motion picture industry."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1.50 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], Joseph Tobias Papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.\nhttps://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-2017-002\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], Joseph Tobias Papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.\nhttps://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/MSS-2017-002"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProfessional papers, case files, and collected publications of Joseph Tobias, attorney based in Chicago, Illinois, regarding his representation of Mamie Till-Mobley from 1955 to 1960. 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See our full Statement on Potentially Harmful Content here: \u003cextref href=\"https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/potentially-harmful-content-statement\"\u003ehttps://repository.lib.fsu.edu/potentially-harmful-content-statement\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Online Copies Available","Potentially Harmful Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Professional papers, case files, and collected publications of Joseph Tobias, attorney based in Chicago, Illinois, regarding his representation of Mamie Till-Mobley from 1955 to 1960. Documents include case files for  Mamie Bradley v. Cowles Magazines, Inc., Vernon C. 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Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Till-Mobley, Mamie, 1921-2003","Till, Emmett, 1941-1955"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Till-Mobley, Mamie, 1921-2003","Till, Emmett, 1941-1955"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People"],"persname_ssim":["Till-Mobley, Mamie, 1921-2003","Till, Emmett, 1941-1955"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":23,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"a6496c277ac033f2ed37ee19","timestamp":"2026-07-10T09:34:48.857Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/a6496c277ac033f2ed37ee19"}},{"id":"3aa44c844434bb72164107fe","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Joseph Z. Smith Collection, Circa 1922-2000","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/3aa44c844434bb72164107fe#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThe Joseph Z. Smith Collection documents Bishop Joseph Z. Smith's career in the Church of God and community organizing and contains 16 photographs of Bishop Joseph Z. Smith and his family and associates and a biographical description.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/3aa44c844434bb72164107fe#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"3aa44c844434bb72164107fe","title_filing_ssi":"Smith, Joseph Z. Collection","title_ssm":["Joseph Z. Smith Collection"],"title_tesim":["Joseph Z. 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Alemán, 1950's-2000's, Undated","José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000","Photographs, Circa 1900-Circa 2000","Folder 26","/repositories/4/archival_objects/54121","box 19","folder 26"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_7c7243b4d414f992a8def17111639498","725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_be69d6b0e10bb11fc945713384dde515"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000","Photographs, Circa 1900-Circa 2000"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000","Photographs, Circa 1900-Circa 2000"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 26","/repositories/4/archival_objects/54121"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":242,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"containers_ssim":["box 19","folder 26"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#0/components#8","_nest_parent_":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_be69d6b0e10bb11fc945713384dde515","_root_":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","_version_":1870857755411087360,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:03:10.972Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","title_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection"],"title_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection"],"ead_ssi":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","unitdate_ssm":["1887-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1887-2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204"],"text":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204","José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs","Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","The entire collection is open for research.","José Guerra Alemán was born to José Guerra and Herminia Alemán-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as José Guerra Alemán, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pepín. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pepín. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.","In his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ejército) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 División de Infantería) called División Relámpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.","Once he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of Él País, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.","One of those encounters, José Guerra Alemán climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with José García and Eduardo Hernández (Guayo) in the same company. José Guerra Alemán directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.","With his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote Aún Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayorías Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (Díalogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biografía de su Abuelo el General José Braulio Alemán). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.","Understanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of José Guerra Alemán's identity. Jose Guerra Alemán's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named José Braulio Guerra Alemán fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, José Manuel Alemán, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ramón Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Auténtico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.","He rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alemán. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business.","Materials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately.","Books collected by José Guerra Alemán can be found by performing a series search for \"José Guerra Alemán Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog.","This collection was arranged in seven series:","\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alemán took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.","\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alemán used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.","\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. ","\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of José G. Alemán and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".","\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.","\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\"","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder.","The collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist José Guerra Alemán. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita.","UCF Special Collections","Guerra Alemán, José","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1887-2013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"collection_title_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"collection_ssim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"geogname_ssim":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"creator_ssm":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creator_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creators_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"places_ssim":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated by Carlos Guerra, José Guerra Alemán's son, to the University of Central Florida Libraries in 2014. (CFM2014_07)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["17.5 Linear Feet 20 boxes, 1 Flat File"],"extent_tesim":["17.5 Linear Feet 20 boxes, 1 Flat File"],"genreform_ssim":["correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"date_range_isim":[1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n was born to Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra and Herminia Alem\u0026#xE1;n-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pep\u0026#xED;n. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pep\u0026#xED;n. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ej\u0026#xE9;rcito) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 Divisi\u0026#xF3;n de Infanter\u0026#xED;a) called Divisi\u0026#xF3;n Rel\u0026#xE1;mpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOnce he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of \u0026#xC9;l Pa\u0026#xED;s, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOne of those encounters, Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with Jos\u0026#xE9; Garc\u0026#xED;a and Eduardo Hern\u0026#xE1;ndez (Guayo) in the same company. Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWith his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote A\u0026#xFA;n Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayor\u0026#xED;as Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (D\u0026#xED;alogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biograf\u0026#xED;a de su Abuelo el General Jos\u0026#xE9; Braulio Alem\u0026#xE1;n). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnderstanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n's identity. Jose Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named Jos\u0026#xE9; Braulio Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, Jos\u0026#xE9; Manuel Alem\u0026#xE1;n, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ram\u0026#xF3;n Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Aut\u0026#xE9;ntico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alem\u0026#xE1;n. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán was born to José Guerra and Herminia Alemán-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as José Guerra Alemán, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pepín. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pepín. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.","In his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ejército) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 División de Infantería) called División Relámpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.","Once he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of Él País, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.","One of those encounters, José Guerra Alemán climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with José García and Eduardo Hernández (Guayo) in the same company. José Guerra Alemán directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.","With his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote Aún Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayorías Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (Díalogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biografía de su Abuelo el General José Braulio Alemán). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.","Understanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of José Guerra Alemán's identity. Jose Guerra Alemán's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named José Braulio Guerra Alemán fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, José Manuel Alemán, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ramón Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Auténtico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.","He rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alemán. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n Collection, Special Collections and UniversityArchives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, Special Collections and UniversityArchives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Materials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks collected by Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n can be found by performing a series search for \"Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Books collected by José Guerra Alemán can be found by performing a series search for \"José Guerra Alemán Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was arranged in seven series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alem\u0026#xE1;n took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alem\u0026#xE1;n used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of Jos\u0026#xE9; G. Alem\u0026#xE1;n and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection was arranged in seven series:","\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alemán took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.","\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alemán used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.","\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. ","\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of José G. Alemán and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".","\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.","\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e4d41ff341ce7470c0d40282c3f71dd8\"\u003eThe collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist José Guerra Alemán. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita."],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Guerra Alemán, José"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":282,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870857755411087360,"_root_":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:03:10.972Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_7e17ed6068de083f317340d8fe48008c"}},{"id":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/725898a1a41349eb30ec365d#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/725898a1a41349eb30ec365d#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["The collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist José Guerra Alemán. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita."],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/725898a1a41349eb30ec365d#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","title_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection"],"title_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection"],"ead_ssi":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","unitdate_ssm":["1887-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1887-2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204"],"text":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204","José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs","Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","The entire collection is open for research.","José Guerra Alemán was born to José Guerra and Herminia Alemán-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as José Guerra Alemán, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pepín. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pepín. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.","In his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ejército) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 División de Infantería) called División Relámpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.","Once he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of Él País, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.","One of those encounters, José Guerra Alemán climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with José García and Eduardo Hernández (Guayo) in the same company. José Guerra Alemán directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.","With his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote Aún Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayorías Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (Díalogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biografía de su Abuelo el General José Braulio Alemán). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.","Understanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of José Guerra Alemán's identity. Jose Guerra Alemán's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named José Braulio Guerra Alemán fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, José Manuel Alemán, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ramón Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Auténtico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.","He rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alemán. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business.","Materials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately.","Books collected by José Guerra Alemán can be found by performing a series search for \"José Guerra Alemán Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog.","This collection was arranged in seven series:","\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alemán took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.","\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alemán used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.","\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. ","\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of José G. Alemán and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".","\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.","\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\"","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder.","The collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist José Guerra Alemán. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita.","UCF Special Collections","Guerra Alemán, José","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1887-2013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"collection_title_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"collection_ssim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"geogname_ssim":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"creator_ssm":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creator_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creators_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"places_ssim":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated by Carlos Guerra, José Guerra Alemán's son, to the University of Central Florida Libraries in 2014. (CFM2014_07)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["17.5 Linear Feet 20 boxes, 1 Flat File"],"extent_tesim":["17.5 Linear Feet 20 boxes, 1 Flat File"],"genreform_ssim":["correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"date_range_isim":[1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n was born to Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra and Herminia Alem\u0026#xE1;n-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pep\u0026#xED;n. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pep\u0026#xED;n. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ej\u0026#xE9;rcito) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 Divisi\u0026#xF3;n de Infanter\u0026#xED;a) called Divisi\u0026#xF3;n Rel\u0026#xE1;mpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOnce he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of \u0026#xC9;l Pa\u0026#xED;s, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOne of those encounters, Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with Jos\u0026#xE9; Garc\u0026#xED;a and Eduardo Hern\u0026#xE1;ndez (Guayo) in the same company. Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWith his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote A\u0026#xFA;n Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayor\u0026#xED;as Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (D\u0026#xED;alogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biograf\u0026#xED;a de su Abuelo el General Jos\u0026#xE9; Braulio Alem\u0026#xE1;n). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnderstanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n's identity. Jose Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named Jos\u0026#xE9; Braulio Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, Jos\u0026#xE9; Manuel Alem\u0026#xE1;n, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ram\u0026#xF3;n Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Aut\u0026#xE9;ntico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alem\u0026#xE1;n. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán was born to José Guerra and Herminia Alemán-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as José Guerra Alemán, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pepín. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pepín. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.","In his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ejército) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 División de Infantería) called División Relámpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.","Once he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of Él País, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.","One of those encounters, José Guerra Alemán climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with José García and Eduardo Hernández (Guayo) in the same company. José Guerra Alemán directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.","With his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote Aún Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayorías Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (Díalogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biografía de su Abuelo el General José Braulio Alemán). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.","Understanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of José Guerra Alemán's identity. Jose Guerra Alemán's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named José Braulio Guerra Alemán fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, José Manuel Alemán, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ramón Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Auténtico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.","He rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alemán. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n Collection, Special Collections and UniversityArchives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, Special Collections and UniversityArchives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Materials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks collected by Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n can be found by performing a series search for \"Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Books collected by José Guerra Alemán can be found by performing a series search for \"José Guerra Alemán Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was arranged in seven series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alem\u0026#xE1;n took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alem\u0026#xE1;n used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of Jos\u0026#xE9; G. Alem\u0026#xE1;n and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection was arranged in seven series:","\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alemán took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.","\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alemán used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.","\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. ","\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of José G. Alemán and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".","\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.","\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e4d41ff341ce7470c0d40282c3f71dd8\"\u003eThe collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist José Guerra Alemán. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita."],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Guerra Alemán, José"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":282,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870857755411087360,"_root_":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:03:10.972Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","title_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection"],"title_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection"],"ead_ssi":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","unitdate_ssm":["1887-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1887-2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204"],"text":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204","José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs","Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","The entire collection is open for research.","José Guerra Alemán was born to José Guerra and Herminia Alemán-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as José Guerra Alemán, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pepín. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pepín. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.","In his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ejército) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 División de Infantería) called División Relámpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.","Once he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of Él País, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.","One of those encounters, José Guerra Alemán climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with José García and Eduardo Hernández (Guayo) in the same company. José Guerra Alemán directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.","With his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote Aún Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayorías Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (Díalogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biografía de su Abuelo el General José Braulio Alemán). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.","Understanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of José Guerra Alemán's identity. Jose Guerra Alemán's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named José Braulio Guerra Alemán fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, José Manuel Alemán, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ramón Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Auténtico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.","He rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alemán. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business.","Materials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately.","Books collected by José Guerra Alemán can be found by performing a series search for \"José Guerra Alemán Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog.","This collection was arranged in seven series:","\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alemán took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.","\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alemán used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.","\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. ","\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of José G. Alemán and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".","\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.","\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\"","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder.","The collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist José Guerra Alemán. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita.","UCF Special Collections","Guerra Alemán, José","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1887-2013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"collection_title_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"collection_ssim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"geogname_ssim":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"creator_ssm":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creator_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creators_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"places_ssim":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated by Carlos Guerra, José Guerra Alemán's son, to the University of Central Florida Libraries in 2014. (CFM2014_07)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["17.5 Linear Feet 20 boxes, 1 Flat File"],"extent_tesim":["17.5 Linear Feet 20 boxes, 1 Flat File"],"genreform_ssim":["correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"date_range_isim":[1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n was born to Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra and Herminia Alem\u0026#xE1;n-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pep\u0026#xED;n. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pep\u0026#xED;n. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ej\u0026#xE9;rcito) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 Divisi\u0026#xF3;n de Infanter\u0026#xED;a) called Divisi\u0026#xF3;n Rel\u0026#xE1;mpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOnce he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of \u0026#xC9;l Pa\u0026#xED;s, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOne of those encounters, Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with Jos\u0026#xE9; Garc\u0026#xED;a and Eduardo Hern\u0026#xE1;ndez (Guayo) in the same company. Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWith his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote A\u0026#xFA;n Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayor\u0026#xED;as Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (D\u0026#xED;alogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biograf\u0026#xED;a de su Abuelo el General Jos\u0026#xE9; Braulio Alem\u0026#xE1;n). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnderstanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n's identity. Jose Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named Jos\u0026#xE9; Braulio Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, Jos\u0026#xE9; Manuel Alem\u0026#xE1;n, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ram\u0026#xF3;n Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Aut\u0026#xE9;ntico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alem\u0026#xE1;n. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán was born to José Guerra and Herminia Alemán-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as José Guerra Alemán, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pepín. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pepín. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.","In his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ejército) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 División de Infantería) called División Relámpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.","Once he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of Él País, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.","One of those encounters, José Guerra Alemán climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with José García and Eduardo Hernández (Guayo) in the same company. José Guerra Alemán directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.","With his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote Aún Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayorías Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (Díalogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biografía de su Abuelo el General José Braulio Alemán). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.","Understanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of José Guerra Alemán's identity. Jose Guerra Alemán's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named José Braulio Guerra Alemán fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, José Manuel Alemán, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ramón Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Auténtico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.","He rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alemán. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n Collection, Special Collections and UniversityArchives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, Special Collections and UniversityArchives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Materials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks collected by Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n can be found by performing a series search for \"Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Books collected by José Guerra Alemán can be found by performing a series search for \"José Guerra Alemán Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was arranged in seven series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alem\u0026#xE1;n took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alem\u0026#xE1;n used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of Jos\u0026#xE9; G. Alem\u0026#xE1;n and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection was arranged in seven series:","\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alemán took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.","\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alemán used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.","\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. ","\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of José G. Alemán and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".","\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.","\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e4d41ff341ce7470c0d40282c3f71dd8\"\u003eThe collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist José Guerra Alemán. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita."],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Guerra Alemán, José"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":282,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870857755411087360,"_root_":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:03:10.972Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/725898a1a41349eb30ec365d"}},{"id":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection reflects the lives and activities of the Avellanals, a prominent pioneering Ybor City family, with the bulk of the collection documenting the life and career of Lt. General José Luis Avellanal y Jimenez. Among the papers in the collection are pamphlets, diaries, ledgers, correspondence, invoices and receipts, contracts, real estate title abstracts, lawsuits (including testimonies), certificates, photographs, corporate minutes, audits, medical reports, patents, stock certificates, newspaper clippings, and a small number of artifacts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06","title_ssm":["José Luis Avellanal collection"],"title_tesim":["José Luis Avellanal collection"],"ead_ssi":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06","unitdate_ssm":["1907-1981"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1907-1981"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-1984-01","/repositories/2/resources/183"],"text":["MS-1984-01","/repositories/2/resources/183","José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981","Ybor City (Tampa, Fla.) -- Social life and customs","El Pasaje Hotel (Tampa, Fla.)","Immigrants -- Florida -- History","The collection is arranged within series by subject.","José Luis Avellanal y Jimenez was born on October 3, 1903 to Concepción Jimenez and Dr. José Ramon Avellanal, a prominent Ybor City physician who was also the founder of El Bien Público Clinic.","From a very young age, José Luis was a major source of worry to his parents. Among his father's numerous patients  was a neighborhood boy treated for ocular damage after being shot in the eye by the young Avellanal, as well as a child persuaded into testing out one of José Luis' new inventions: an electric chair.","As punishment for his mischief, José Luis found himself in solitary confinement, but devised a plan of escape that involved stealing his father's vehicle. Having not yet learned how to drive, his plan of escape was a failure, and he found himself being shipped off to military school in Georgia.","José Luis eventually returned to Tampa, but not before getting himself into a scrape in Lebanon, Tennessee, where he was charged with kidnapping a young woman and possession of narcotics.","Upon his return to Ybor City, Avellanal took up residence at El Pasaje Hotel, where he conducted experiments in cryogenics and attempted to publish articles on the resurrection of dead bodies. From his El Pasaje Hotel residence, Avellanal also entered the race for state senator, held services as an ordained Baptist minister, practiced medicine as a gynecologist and plastic surgeon (with diplomas obtained during his absence in Cuba), and established Southern University, a college offering degrees (but no courses) to the masses. A trial ensued in which Avellanal defended himself against charges of running a diploma mill, and in 1947, the Southern University Charter was revoked.","Avellanal was the creator and founder of numerous organizations, including the Legión de Honor de la República de Cuba (Legion of Honor of the Republic of Cuba), an organization that bestowed honors and awards to worthy individuals such as Fulgencio Batista of Cuba, Chinese Congresswoman Grace Yi Hsu, and Norberto Lopez Avelar, then governor of the Mexican state of Morelos. While in Mexico, Avellanal obtained the title of Lieutenant General and was often seen in full uniform at Ybor City events.","In the early 1970s, Avellanal joined the advisory committee for Ybor City's Hillsborough Community College campus and led efforts to save the El Pasaje Hotel building, for which he received a preservation award from U.S. Senator Richard Stone. José Luis Avellanal died in 1982, and remains one of the most colorful characters in Ybor City memory.","Note written by Jean McAllister, 2011","Jose Ramon Avellanal Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Prince Alexis N. Gagarin Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Avellanal-Jimenez, Jose L.  El Pasaje: Building and Its Adjoining Grounds, a Federal National Historic Site, 1888-1977, Tampa, Florida . Tampa, Fla.: s.n, 1977. Print.","The collection reflects the lives and activities of the Avellanals, a prominent pioneering Ybor City family, with the bulk of the collection documenting the life and career of Lt. General José Luis Avellanal y Jimenez. Among the papers in the collection are pamphlets, diaries, ledgers, correspondence, invoices and receipts, contracts, real estate title abstracts, lawsuits (including testimonies), certificates, photographs, corporate minutes, audits, medical reports, patents, stock certificates, newspaper clippings, and a small number of artifacts.","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-1984-01","/repositories/2/resources/183"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1907-1981"],"normalized_title_ssm":["José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981"],"collection_title_tesim":["José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981"],"collection_ssim":["José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Ybor City (Tampa, Fla.) -- Social life and customs"],"geogname_ssim":["Ybor City (Tampa, Fla.) -- Social life and customs"],"creator_ssm":["Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"creator_ssim":["Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"creators_ssim":["Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"places_ssim":["Ybor City (Tampa, Fla.) -- Social life and customs"],"access_terms_ssm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Avellanal Family","Donation"],"access_subjects_ssim":["El Pasaje Hotel (Tampa, Fla.)","Immigrants -- Florida -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["El Pasaje Hotel (Tampa, Fla.)","Immigrants -- Florida -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["42.44 Linear Feet","95 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["42.44 Linear Feet","95 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged within series by subject.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged within series by subject."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Luis Avellanal y Jimenez was born on October 3, 1903 to Concepci\u0026#xF3;n Jimenez and Dr. Jos\u0026#xE9; Ramon Avellanal, a prominent Ybor City physician who was also the founder of El Bien P\u0026#xFA;blico Clinic.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom a very young age, Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis was a major source of worry to his parents. Among his father's numerous patients\u0026#xA0; was a neighborhood boy treated for ocular damage after being shot in the eye by the young Avellanal, as well as a child persuaded into testing out one of Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis' new inventions: an electric chair.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs punishment for his mischief, Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis found himself in solitary confinement, but devised a plan of escape that involved stealing his father's vehicle. Having not yet learned how to drive, his plan of escape was a failure, and he found himself being shipped off to military school in Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Luis eventually returned to Tampa, but not before getting himself into a scrape in Lebanon, Tennessee, where he was charged with kidnapping a young woman and possession of narcotics.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUpon his return to Ybor City, Avellanal took up residence at El Pasaje Hotel, where he conducted experiments in cryogenics and attempted to publish articles on the resurrection of dead bodies. From his El Pasaje Hotel residence, Avellanal also entered the race for state senator, held services as an ordained Baptist minister, practiced medicine as a gynecologist and plastic surgeon (with diplomas obtained during his absence in Cuba), and established Southern University, a college offering degrees (but no courses) to the masses. A trial ensued in which Avellanal defended himself against charges of running a diploma mill, and in 1947, the Southern University Charter was revoked.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAvellanal was the creator and founder of numerous organizations, including the Legi\u0026#xF3;n de Honor de la Rep\u0026#xFA;blica de Cuba (Legion of Honor of the Republic of Cuba), an organization that bestowed honors and awards to worthy individuals such as Fulgencio Batista of Cuba, Chinese Congresswoman Grace Yi Hsu, and Norberto Lopez Avelar, then governor of the Mexican state of Morelos. While in Mexico, Avellanal obtained the title of Lieutenant General and was often seen in full uniform at Ybor City events.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the early 1970s, Avellanal joined the advisory committee for Ybor City's Hillsborough Community College campus and led efforts to save the El Pasaje Hotel building, for which he received a preservation award from U.S. Senator Richard Stone. Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis Avellanal died in 1982, and remains one of the most colorful characters in Ybor City memory.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Jean McAllister, 2011\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["José Luis Avellanal y Jimenez was born on October 3, 1903 to Concepción Jimenez and Dr. José Ramon Avellanal, a prominent Ybor City physician who was also the founder of El Bien Público Clinic.","From a very young age, José Luis was a major source of worry to his parents. Among his father's numerous patients  was a neighborhood boy treated for ocular damage after being shot in the eye by the young Avellanal, as well as a child persuaded into testing out one of José Luis' new inventions: an electric chair.","As punishment for his mischief, José Luis found himself in solitary confinement, but devised a plan of escape that involved stealing his father's vehicle. Having not yet learned how to drive, his plan of escape was a failure, and he found himself being shipped off to military school in Georgia.","José Luis eventually returned to Tampa, but not before getting himself into a scrape in Lebanon, Tennessee, where he was charged with kidnapping a young woman and possession of narcotics.","Upon his return to Ybor City, Avellanal took up residence at El Pasaje Hotel, where he conducted experiments in cryogenics and attempted to publish articles on the resurrection of dead bodies. From his El Pasaje Hotel residence, Avellanal also entered the race for state senator, held services as an ordained Baptist minister, practiced medicine as a gynecologist and plastic surgeon (with diplomas obtained during his absence in Cuba), and established Southern University, a college offering degrees (but no courses) to the masses. A trial ensued in which Avellanal defended himself against charges of running a diploma mill, and in 1947, the Southern University Charter was revoked.","Avellanal was the creator and founder of numerous organizations, including the Legión de Honor de la República de Cuba (Legion of Honor of the Republic of Cuba), an organization that bestowed honors and awards to worthy individuals such as Fulgencio Batista of Cuba, Chinese Congresswoman Grace Yi Hsu, and Norberto Lopez Avelar, then governor of the Mexican state of Morelos. While in Mexico, Avellanal obtained the title of Lieutenant General and was often seen in full uniform at Ybor City events.","In the early 1970s, Avellanal joined the advisory committee for Ybor City's Hillsborough Community College campus and led efforts to save the El Pasaje Hotel building, for which he received a preservation award from U.S. Senator Richard Stone. José Luis Avellanal died in 1982, and remains one of the most colorful characters in Ybor City memory.","Note written by Jean McAllister, 2011"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJose Luis Avellanal collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Jose Luis Avellanal collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJose Ramon Avellanal Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrince Alexis N. Gagarin Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAvellanal-Jimenez, Jose L. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEl Pasaje: Building and Its Adjoining Grounds, a Federal National Historic Site, 1888-1977, Tampa, Florida\u003c/emph\u003e. Tampa, Fla.: s.n, 1977. Print.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Related Publications"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Jose Ramon Avellanal Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Prince Alexis N. Gagarin Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Avellanal-Jimenez, Jose L.  El Pasaje: Building and Its Adjoining Grounds, a Federal National Historic Site, 1888-1977, Tampa, Florida . Tampa, Fla.: s.n, 1977. Print."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection reflects the lives and activities of the Avellanals, a prominent pioneering Ybor City family, with the bulk of the collection documenting the life and career of Lt. General Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis Avellanal y Jimenez. Among the papers in the collection are pamphlets, diaries, ledgers, correspondence, invoices and receipts, contracts, real estate title abstracts, lawsuits (including testimonies), certificates, photographs, corporate minutes, audits, medical reports, patents, stock certificates, newspaper clippings, and a small number of artifacts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection reflects the lives and activities of the Avellanals, a prominent pioneering Ybor City family, with the bulk of the collection documenting the life and career of Lt. General José Luis Avellanal y Jimenez. Among the papers in the collection are pamphlets, diaries, ledgers, correspondence, invoices and receipts, contracts, real estate title abstracts, lawsuits (including testimonies), certificates, photographs, corporate minutes, audits, medical reports, patents, stock certificates, newspaper clippings, and a small number of artifacts."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0;The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":790,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870862580648509440,"_root_":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:19:52.663Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06","title_ssm":["José Luis Avellanal collection"],"title_tesim":["José Luis Avellanal collection"],"ead_ssi":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06","unitdate_ssm":["1907-1981"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1907-1981"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-1984-01","/repositories/2/resources/183"],"text":["MS-1984-01","/repositories/2/resources/183","José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981","Ybor City (Tampa, Fla.) -- Social life and customs","El Pasaje Hotel (Tampa, Fla.)","Immigrants -- Florida -- History","The collection is arranged within series by subject.","José Luis Avellanal y Jimenez was born on October 3, 1903 to Concepción Jimenez and Dr. José Ramon Avellanal, a prominent Ybor City physician who was also the founder of El Bien Público Clinic.","From a very young age, José Luis was a major source of worry to his parents. Among his father's numerous patients  was a neighborhood boy treated for ocular damage after being shot in the eye by the young Avellanal, as well as a child persuaded into testing out one of José Luis' new inventions: an electric chair.","As punishment for his mischief, José Luis found himself in solitary confinement, but devised a plan of escape that involved stealing his father's vehicle. Having not yet learned how to drive, his plan of escape was a failure, and he found himself being shipped off to military school in Georgia.","José Luis eventually returned to Tampa, but not before getting himself into a scrape in Lebanon, Tennessee, where he was charged with kidnapping a young woman and possession of narcotics.","Upon his return to Ybor City, Avellanal took up residence at El Pasaje Hotel, where he conducted experiments in cryogenics and attempted to publish articles on the resurrection of dead bodies. From his El Pasaje Hotel residence, Avellanal also entered the race for state senator, held services as an ordained Baptist minister, practiced medicine as a gynecologist and plastic surgeon (with diplomas obtained during his absence in Cuba), and established Southern University, a college offering degrees (but no courses) to the masses. A trial ensued in which Avellanal defended himself against charges of running a diploma mill, and in 1947, the Southern University Charter was revoked.","Avellanal was the creator and founder of numerous organizations, including the Legión de Honor de la República de Cuba (Legion of Honor of the Republic of Cuba), an organization that bestowed honors and awards to worthy individuals such as Fulgencio Batista of Cuba, Chinese Congresswoman Grace Yi Hsu, and Norberto Lopez Avelar, then governor of the Mexican state of Morelos. While in Mexico, Avellanal obtained the title of Lieutenant General and was often seen in full uniform at Ybor City events.","In the early 1970s, Avellanal joined the advisory committee for Ybor City's Hillsborough Community College campus and led efforts to save the El Pasaje Hotel building, for which he received a preservation award from U.S. Senator Richard Stone. José Luis Avellanal died in 1982, and remains one of the most colorful characters in Ybor City memory.","Note written by Jean McAllister, 2011","Jose Ramon Avellanal Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Prince Alexis N. Gagarin Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Avellanal-Jimenez, Jose L.  El Pasaje: Building and Its Adjoining Grounds, a Federal National Historic Site, 1888-1977, Tampa, Florida . Tampa, Fla.: s.n, 1977. Print.","The collection reflects the lives and activities of the Avellanals, a prominent pioneering Ybor City family, with the bulk of the collection documenting the life and career of Lt. General José Luis Avellanal y Jimenez. Among the papers in the collection are pamphlets, diaries, ledgers, correspondence, invoices and receipts, contracts, real estate title abstracts, lawsuits (including testimonies), certificates, photographs, corporate minutes, audits, medical reports, patents, stock certificates, newspaper clippings, and a small number of artifacts.","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-1984-01","/repositories/2/resources/183"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1907-1981"],"normalized_title_ssm":["José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981"],"collection_title_tesim":["José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981"],"collection_ssim":["José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Ybor City (Tampa, Fla.) -- Social life and customs"],"geogname_ssim":["Ybor City (Tampa, Fla.) -- Social life and customs"],"creator_ssm":["Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"creator_ssim":["Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"creators_ssim":["Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"places_ssim":["Ybor City (Tampa, Fla.) -- Social life and customs"],"access_terms_ssm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Avellanal Family","Donation"],"access_subjects_ssim":["El Pasaje Hotel (Tampa, Fla.)","Immigrants -- Florida -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["El Pasaje Hotel (Tampa, Fla.)","Immigrants -- Florida -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["42.44 Linear Feet","95 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["42.44 Linear Feet","95 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged within series by subject.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged within series by subject."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Luis Avellanal y Jimenez was born on October 3, 1903 to Concepci\u0026#xF3;n Jimenez and Dr. Jos\u0026#xE9; Ramon Avellanal, a prominent Ybor City physician who was also the founder of El Bien P\u0026#xFA;blico Clinic.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom a very young age, Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis was a major source of worry to his parents. Among his father's numerous patients\u0026#xA0; was a neighborhood boy treated for ocular damage after being shot in the eye by the young Avellanal, as well as a child persuaded into testing out one of Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis' new inventions: an electric chair.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs punishment for his mischief, Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis found himself in solitary confinement, but devised a plan of escape that involved stealing his father's vehicle. Having not yet learned how to drive, his plan of escape was a failure, and he found himself being shipped off to military school in Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Luis eventually returned to Tampa, but not before getting himself into a scrape in Lebanon, Tennessee, where he was charged with kidnapping a young woman and possession of narcotics.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUpon his return to Ybor City, Avellanal took up residence at El Pasaje Hotel, where he conducted experiments in cryogenics and attempted to publish articles on the resurrection of dead bodies. From his El Pasaje Hotel residence, Avellanal also entered the race for state senator, held services as an ordained Baptist minister, practiced medicine as a gynecologist and plastic surgeon (with diplomas obtained during his absence in Cuba), and established Southern University, a college offering degrees (but no courses) to the masses. A trial ensued in which Avellanal defended himself against charges of running a diploma mill, and in 1947, the Southern University Charter was revoked.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAvellanal was the creator and founder of numerous organizations, including the Legi\u0026#xF3;n de Honor de la Rep\u0026#xFA;blica de Cuba (Legion of Honor of the Republic of Cuba), an organization that bestowed honors and awards to worthy individuals such as Fulgencio Batista of Cuba, Chinese Congresswoman Grace Yi Hsu, and Norberto Lopez Avelar, then governor of the Mexican state of Morelos. While in Mexico, Avellanal obtained the title of Lieutenant General and was often seen in full uniform at Ybor City events.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the early 1970s, Avellanal joined the advisory committee for Ybor City's Hillsborough Community College campus and led efforts to save the El Pasaje Hotel building, for which he received a preservation award from U.S. Senator Richard Stone. Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis Avellanal died in 1982, and remains one of the most colorful characters in Ybor City memory.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Jean McAllister, 2011\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["José Luis Avellanal y Jimenez was born on October 3, 1903 to Concepción Jimenez and Dr. José Ramon Avellanal, a prominent Ybor City physician who was also the founder of El Bien Público Clinic.","From a very young age, José Luis was a major source of worry to his parents. Among his father's numerous patients  was a neighborhood boy treated for ocular damage after being shot in the eye by the young Avellanal, as well as a child persuaded into testing out one of José Luis' new inventions: an electric chair.","As punishment for his mischief, José Luis found himself in solitary confinement, but devised a plan of escape that involved stealing his father's vehicle. Having not yet learned how to drive, his plan of escape was a failure, and he found himself being shipped off to military school in Georgia.","José Luis eventually returned to Tampa, but not before getting himself into a scrape in Lebanon, Tennessee, where he was charged with kidnapping a young woman and possession of narcotics.","Upon his return to Ybor City, Avellanal took up residence at El Pasaje Hotel, where he conducted experiments in cryogenics and attempted to publish articles on the resurrection of dead bodies. From his El Pasaje Hotel residence, Avellanal also entered the race for state senator, held services as an ordained Baptist minister, practiced medicine as a gynecologist and plastic surgeon (with diplomas obtained during his absence in Cuba), and established Southern University, a college offering degrees (but no courses) to the masses. A trial ensued in which Avellanal defended himself against charges of running a diploma mill, and in 1947, the Southern University Charter was revoked.","Avellanal was the creator and founder of numerous organizations, including the Legión de Honor de la República de Cuba (Legion of Honor of the Republic of Cuba), an organization that bestowed honors and awards to worthy individuals such as Fulgencio Batista of Cuba, Chinese Congresswoman Grace Yi Hsu, and Norberto Lopez Avelar, then governor of the Mexican state of Morelos. While in Mexico, Avellanal obtained the title of Lieutenant General and was often seen in full uniform at Ybor City events.","In the early 1970s, Avellanal joined the advisory committee for Ybor City's Hillsborough Community College campus and led efforts to save the El Pasaje Hotel building, for which he received a preservation award from U.S. Senator Richard Stone. José Luis Avellanal died in 1982, and remains one of the most colorful characters in Ybor City memory.","Note written by Jean McAllister, 2011"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJose Luis Avellanal collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Jose Luis Avellanal collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJose Ramon Avellanal Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrince Alexis N. Gagarin Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAvellanal-Jimenez, Jose L. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEl Pasaje: Building and Its Adjoining Grounds, a Federal National Historic Site, 1888-1977, Tampa, Florida\u003c/emph\u003e. Tampa, Fla.: s.n, 1977. Print.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Related Publications"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Jose Ramon Avellanal Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Prince Alexis N. Gagarin Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Avellanal-Jimenez, Jose L.  El Pasaje: Building and Its Adjoining Grounds, a Federal National Historic Site, 1888-1977, Tampa, Florida . Tampa, Fla.: s.n, 1977. Print."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection reflects the lives and activities of the Avellanals, a prominent pioneering Ybor City family, with the bulk of the collection documenting the life and career of Lt. General Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis Avellanal y Jimenez. Among the papers in the collection are pamphlets, diaries, ledgers, correspondence, invoices and receipts, contracts, real estate title abstracts, lawsuits (including testimonies), certificates, photographs, corporate minutes, audits, medical reports, patents, stock certificates, newspaper clippings, and a small number of artifacts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection reflects the lives and activities of the Avellanals, a prominent pioneering Ybor City family, with the bulk of the collection documenting the life and career of Lt. General José Luis Avellanal y Jimenez. Among the papers in the collection are pamphlets, diaries, ledgers, correspondence, invoices and receipts, contracts, real estate title abstracts, lawsuits (including testimonies), certificates, photographs, corporate minutes, audits, medical reports, patents, stock certificates, newspaper clippings, and a small number of artifacts."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0;The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":790,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870862580648509440,"_root_":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:19:52.663Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06"}},{"id":"f1098bbf9fbfeb8d23de54a0_aspace_71f87f6d876ab6fe089ddc2a77929e78","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Journal, Circa 1963-1964","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/f1098bbf9fbfeb8d23de54a0_aspace_71f87f6d876ab6fe089ddc2a77929e78#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_71f87f6d876ab6fe089ddc2a77929e78","ref_ssm":["aspace_71f87f6d876ab6fe089ddc2a77929e78","aspace_71f87f6d876ab6fe089ddc2a77929e78"],"id":"f1098bbf9fbfeb8d23de54a0_aspace_71f87f6d876ab6fe089ddc2a77929e78","title_filing_ssi":"Journal","title_ssm":["Journal"],"title_tesim":["Journal"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 1963-1964"],"normalized_date_ssm":["Circa 1963-1964"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Journal, Circa 1963-1964"],"text":["Journal, Circa 1963-1964","Michael Shaara Collection, Circa 1947-1990","Personal Papers, Circa 1946-1980","/repositories/3/archival_objects/12800","box 21","folder 9"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["f1098bbf9fbfeb8d23de54a0","f1098bbf9fbfeb8d23de54a0_aspace_757b0f7bdae82d9094cc10b0d2f9488c"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Michael Shaara Collection, Circa 1947-1990","Personal Papers, Circa 1946-1980"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Michael Shaara Collection, Circa 1947-1990","Personal Papers, Circa 1946-1980"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/3/archival_objects/12800"],"repository_ssim":["Bienes Museum of the Modern Book: The Dianne and Michael Bienes Special Collections and Rare Book Library"],"collection_ssim":["Michael Shaara Collection, Circa 1947-1990"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":430,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The Michael Shaara Collection is open for research."],"date_range_isim":[1963,1964],"containers_ssim":["box 21","folder 9"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#8","_nest_parent_":"f1098bbf9fbfeb8d23de54a0_aspace_757b0f7bdae82d9094cc10b0d2f9488c","_root_":"f1098bbf9fbfeb8d23de54a0","_version_":1879174602967482368,"timestamp":"2026-10-16T03:15:54.887Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"f1098bbf9fbfeb8d23de54a0","title_filing_ssi":"Shaara, Michael Collection","title_ssm":["Michael Shaara Collection"],"title_tesim":["Michael Shaara Collection"],"ead_ssi":"f1098bbf9fbfeb8d23de54a0","unitdate_ssm":["Circa 1947-1990"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 1947-1990"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["File","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["BIENES.2022.1","/repositories/3/resources/178"],"text":["BIENES.2022.1","/repositories/3/resources/178","Michael Shaara Collection, Circa 1947-1990","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Fiction","Shaara, Michael -- Correspondence","American literature","Historical fiction, American","Science fiction","Manuscripts","Short stories","Photographs","Clippings","The Michael Shaara Collection is open for research.","Related archival material can be found in the Denver Public Library, Western History/Genealogy Department, Denver, Colorado. Visit DenverLibrary.org for further information.","The Michael Shaara Collection contains eight series: Series I. Correspondence, Series II. Writings, Series III. Professional Papers, Series IV. Personal Papers, Series V. Financial and Legal Documents, Series VI. Photographs, Series VII. Awards, and Series VIII. Printed Materials.","Michael Shaara (1929-1988) was born on June 23, 1929 in Jersey City, N.J. to Michael Joseph Sr. and Allene Shaara. Michael Shaara graduated from Rutgers University with a bachelor's degree in 1951 and completed graduate studies at Columbia University (1952-1953) and University of Vermont (1953-1954). He began writing short stories in the 1950s after holding jobs as a paratrooper, merchant seaman, and police officer in St. Petersburg, Florida. In 1959, he was hired as an English instructor at Florida State University (FSU) and by 1968, became an Associate Professor. He taught English, literature and creative writing courses.","Michael Shaara wrote four novels and published more than 70 short stories in magazines including Cosmopolitan, Galaxy, Fantastic Universe, Playboy, Redbook, and the Saturday Evening Post. He began writing science fiction and fantasy genres for the popular pulp fiction magazines of the time and won several awards. Shaara received the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1975 for his novel \"The Killer Angels\". His other three novels are: \"The Broken Place\" (1968), \"The Noah Conspiracy\" (known as the \"Herald\", 1981), and \"For Love of the Game\" (1991). Two of his novels were made into films: television miniseries \"Gettysburg\", an adaptation of \"The Killer Angels\" and film \"For Love of the Game\" (1991) based on the novel of the same name. ","In 1965, Michael Shaara had his first major heart attack and wrote about the experience in an article published by the Saturday Evening Post. The article \"In the Midst of Life\" won an American Medical Association award for medical journalism. While teaching an FSU abroad program in Italy in 1972, he had a motorcycle accident. He was unconcious for weeks and suffered from a severe brain injury. Later he described this event in his story \"Brain Damage\". ","Michael Shaara married Helen Krumweide (1928-2016) on September 16, 1950, and had two children, Jeffrey and Lila Elise. Jeff Shaara wrote the novels \"Gods and Generals\" (1996) and \"The Last Full Measure\" (1998) which serve as as a prequel and sequel to \"The Killer Angels.\" Jeff Shaara continues to write novels.","This collection received file level processing. The finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.","View a selection of digitized materials from the Michael Shaara Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives.","The Michael Shaara Collection contains manuscripts, correspondence, photographs, teaching lectures and notes, speeches, financial documents, personal papers, books, awards, programs, newspaper clippings, and publications collected by author Michael Shaara (1929-1988). Manuscripts and drafts include his four novels (\"The Killer Angels\", \"The Broken Place\", \"The Herald\", and \"For Love of the Game\") and short stories.","Bienes Museum of the Modern Book: The Dianne and Michael Bienes Special Collections and Rare Book Library","Florida State University. Department of English","Shaara, Michael","English"],"unitid_tesim":["BIENES.2022.1","/repositories/3/resources/178"],"normalized_date_ssm":["Circa 1947-1990"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Michael Shaara Collection, Circa 1947-1990"],"collection_title_tesim":["Michael Shaara Collection, Circa 1947-1990"],"collection_ssim":["Michael Shaara Collection, Circa 1947-1990"],"repository_ssm":["Bienes Museum of the Modern Book: The Dianne and Michael Bienes Special Collections and Rare Book Library"],"repository_ssim":["Bienes Museum of the Modern Book: The Dianne and Michael Bienes Special Collections and Rare Book Library"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Fiction"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Fiction"],"creator_ssm":["Shaara, Michael"],"creator_ssim":["Shaara, Michael"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Shaara, Michael"],"creators_ssim":["Shaara, Michael"],"places_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Fiction"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Helen Shaara donated the Michael Shaara Collection to the Bienes Museum of the Modern Book on October 15, 1998."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Shaara, Michael -- Correspondence","American literature","Historical fiction, American","Science fiction","Manuscripts","Short stories","Photographs","Clippings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Shaara, Michael -- Correspondence","American literature","Historical fiction, American","Science fiction","Manuscripts","Short stories","Photographs","Clippings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["26 Hollinger Boxes"],"extent_tesim":["26 Hollinger Boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Manuscripts","Short stories","Photographs","Clippings"],"date_range_isim":[1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Michael Shaara Collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The Michael Shaara Collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRelated archival material can be found in the Denver Public Library, Western History/Genealogy Department, Denver, Colorado. Visit DenverLibrary.org for further information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Related archival material can be found in the Denver Public Library, Western History/Genealogy Department, Denver, Colorado. Visit DenverLibrary.org for further information."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Michael Shaara Collection contains eight series: Series I. Correspondence, Series II. Writings, Series III. Professional Papers, Series IV. Personal Papers, Series V. Financial and Legal Documents, Series VI. Photographs, Series VII. Awards, and Series VIII. Printed Materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Michael Shaara Collection contains eight series: Series I. Correspondence, Series II. Writings, Series III. Professional Papers, Series IV. Personal Papers, Series V. Financial and Legal Documents, Series VI. Photographs, Series VII. Awards, and Series VIII. Printed Materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael Shaara (1929-1988) was born on June 23, 1929 in Jersey City, N.J. to Michael Joseph Sr. and Allene Shaara. Michael Shaara graduated from Rutgers University with a bachelor's degree in 1951 and completed graduate studies at Columbia University (1952-1953) and University of Vermont (1953-1954). He began writing short stories in the 1950s after holding jobs as a paratrooper, merchant seaman, and police officer in St. Petersburg, Florida. In 1959, he was hired as an English instructor at Florida State University (FSU) and by 1968, became an Associate Professor. He taught English, literature and creative writing courses.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMichael Shaara wrote four novels and published more than 70 short stories in magazines including Cosmopolitan, Galaxy, Fantastic Universe, Playboy, Redbook, and the Saturday Evening Post. He began writing science fiction and fantasy genres for the popular pulp fiction magazines of the time and won several awards. Shaara received the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1975 for his novel \"The Killer Angels\". His other three novels are: \"The Broken Place\" (1968), \"The Noah Conspiracy\" (known as the \"Herald\", 1981), and \"For Love of the Game\" (1991). Two of his novels were made into films: television miniseries \"Gettysburg\", an adaptation of \"The Killer Angels\" and film \"For Love of the Game\" (1991) based on the novel of the same name. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1965, Michael Shaara had his first major heart attack and wrote about the experience in an article published by the Saturday Evening Post. The article \"In the Midst of Life\" won an American Medical Association award for medical journalism. While teaching an FSU abroad program in Italy in 1972, he had a motorcycle accident. He was unconcious for weeks and suffered from a severe brain injury. Later he described this event in his story \"Brain Damage\". \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMichael Shaara married Helen Krumweide (1928-2016) on September 16, 1950, and had two children, Jeffrey and Lila Elise. Jeff Shaara wrote the novels \"Gods and Generals\" (1996) and \"The Last Full Measure\" (1998) which serve as as a prequel and sequel to \"The Killer Angels.\" Jeff Shaara continues to write novels.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Michael Shaara (1929-1988) was born on June 23, 1929 in Jersey City, N.J. to Michael Joseph Sr. and Allene Shaara. Michael Shaara graduated from Rutgers University with a bachelor's degree in 1951 and completed graduate studies at Columbia University (1952-1953) and University of Vermont (1953-1954). He began writing short stories in the 1950s after holding jobs as a paratrooper, merchant seaman, and police officer in St. Petersburg, Florida. In 1959, he was hired as an English instructor at Florida State University (FSU) and by 1968, became an Associate Professor. He taught English, literature and creative writing courses.","Michael Shaara wrote four novels and published more than 70 short stories in magazines including Cosmopolitan, Galaxy, Fantastic Universe, Playboy, Redbook, and the Saturday Evening Post. He began writing science fiction and fantasy genres for the popular pulp fiction magazines of the time and won several awards. Shaara received the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1975 for his novel \"The Killer Angels\". His other three novels are: \"The Broken Place\" (1968), \"The Noah Conspiracy\" (known as the \"Herald\", 1981), and \"For Love of the Game\" (1991). Two of his novels were made into films: television miniseries \"Gettysburg\", an adaptation of \"The Killer Angels\" and film \"For Love of the Game\" (1991) based on the novel of the same name. ","In 1965, Michael Shaara had his first major heart attack and wrote about the experience in an article published by the Saturday Evening Post. The article \"In the Midst of Life\" won an American Medical Association award for medical journalism. While teaching an FSU abroad program in Italy in 1972, he had a motorcycle accident. He was unconcious for weeks and suffered from a severe brain injury. Later he described this event in his story \"Brain Damage\". ","Michael Shaara married Helen Krumweide (1928-2016) on September 16, 1950, and had two children, Jeffrey and Lila Elise. Jeff Shaara wrote the novels \"Gods and Generals\" (1996) and \"The Last Full Measure\" (1998) which serve as as a prequel and sequel to \"The Killer Angels.\" Jeff Shaara continues to write novels."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael Shaara Collection, Bienes Museum of the Modern Book, Broward County Library\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Michael Shaara Collection, Bienes Museum of the Modern Book, Broward County Library"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection received file level processing. The finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection received file level processing. The finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://digitalarchives.broward.org/digital/collection/michaelshaara\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eView a selection of digitized materials from the Michael Shaara Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["View a selection of digitized materials from the Michael Shaara Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Michael Shaara Collection contains manuscripts, correspondence, photographs, teaching lectures and notes, speeches, financial documents, personal papers, books, awards, programs, newspaper clippings, and publications collected by author Michael Shaara (1929-1988). Manuscripts and drafts include his four novels (\"The Killer Angels\", \"The Broken Place\", \"The Herald\", and \"For Love of the Game\") and short stories.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Michael Shaara Collection contains manuscripts, correspondence, photographs, teaching lectures and notes, speeches, financial documents, personal papers, books, awards, programs, newspaper clippings, and publications collected by author Michael Shaara (1929-1988). Manuscripts and drafts include his four novels (\"The Killer Angels\", \"The Broken Place\", \"The Herald\", and \"For Love of the Game\") and short stories."],"names_coll_ssim":["Florida State University. Department of English"],"names_ssim":["Bienes Museum of the Modern Book: The Dianne and Michael Bienes Special Collections and Rare Book Library","Florida State University. Department of English","Shaara, Michael"],"corpname_ssim":["Bienes Museum of the Modern Book: The Dianne and Michael Bienes Special Collections and Rare Book Library","Florida State University. Department of English"],"persname_ssim":["Shaara, Michael"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":551,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1879174602967482368,"_root_":"f1098bbf9fbfeb8d23de54a0","timestamp":"2026-10-16T03:15:54.887Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/f1098bbf9fbfeb8d23de54a0_aspace_71f87f6d876ab6fe089ddc2a77929e78"}},{"id":"2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_73353","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Journal of the Bromeliad Society Fifty Years Index, 1951-2000","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_73353#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_73353","ref_ssm":["aspace_73353","aspace_73353"],"id":"2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_73353","title_filing_ssi":"Journal of the Bromeliad Society Fifty Years Index","title_ssm":["Journal of the Bromeliad Society Fifty Years Index"],"title_tesim":["Journal of the Bromeliad Society Fifty Years Index"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1951-2000"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1951-2000"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Journal of the Bromeliad Society Fifty Years Index, 1951-2000"],"text":["Journal of the Bromeliad Society Fifty Years Index, 1951-2000","Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018","Publications, 1951-2006","United States, 1951-2006","Item 1","/repositories/4/archival_objects/18062","box 3","folder 8"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d","2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_45383","2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_45563"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018","Publications, 1951-2006","United States, 1951-2006"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018","Publications, 1951-2006","United States, 1951-2006"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["Item 1","/repositories/4/archival_objects/18062"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":884,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished records are protected by copyright. Permission to publish quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"containers_ssim":["box 3","folder 8"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#6/components#10","_nest_parent_":"2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_45563","_root_":"2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d","_version_":1870858035398705152,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:07:37.887Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d","title_ssm":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive"],"title_tesim":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive"],"ead_ssi":"2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d","unitdate_ssm":["1911-2018"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1911-2018"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.097","/repositories/4/resources/78"],"text":["SC.097","/repositories/4/resources/78","Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018","Denver (Colo.)","Houston (Tex.)","Philadelphia (Pa.)","Bromeliaceae","Botany","Plant hybridization","Botanical gardens -- Florida -- Orlando","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","The entire collection is open for research.","For many years, the bromeliad co-existed with the human, floral and animal inhabitants of the lush, tropical environment of the America. Each took advantage of what the other had to offer. Bromeliad history tells us that Christopher Columbus sailed the ocean blue and bumped into a new world. With his boat filled with goodies from the tropics, Columbus sailed the ocean again and managed to bump into his homeland, Spain. His Queen sent him back to the new world, and on his return trip he took a vicious looking plant with long, spiny leaves and a luscious sweet fruit growing from the center of the leaves. Christopher brought his Queen a pineapple. The first bromeliad to leave the new world.","Other adventures and explorers followed and returned to their homeland with wonders never seen before. Some of the wonders were tropical plants and many of them became known as bromeliads. Thus, the Bromeliacea family was described; and slowly over the years, its popularity invaded the United States. Bromeliad Society began in 1948 when Mr. Joseph Schneider of San Gabrial, California asked the organizer of Round Robins for the Flower Grower if she could get a group together who were interested in bromeliads. She placed a call for members of her Round Robin which brought an immediate response from Miss Victoria Padilla and Mrs. Sue Hutchinson who were soon followed by seven others, and they in turn brought four more. This group formed a Round Robin, exchanging their experiences with bromeliads by correspondence with one another for approximately two years. In the spring of 1950, a call was sent out to all members of the Round Robin, and others interested in bromeliads to attend a pot luck dinner at the home of Mrs. Doroth Behrends in Los Angeles, California on May 21st to discuss the suggestion made by Mr. Schneider that a Bromeliad Society be organized. There were fourteen enthusiastic bromeliad people in attendance. The meeting was called to order by Victoria Padilla. It was decided to hold an organizational meeting the following September.","The September 17, 1950 meeting was held on a Sunday afternoon in the home of Mr. and Mrs. Frank Overton in Glendale, California. Twenty one prospective members attended, with a surprise guest, Mr. Mulford Foster of Orlando, Florida. This group organized not just a local society, but an international society for the benefit of bromeliad enthusiasts all over the world. The first officers elected were: President, Mulford Foster; First Vice President, David Barry, Jr.; Second Vice President, Russell J. Seibert; Secretary, Victoria Padilla, and Treasurer, Frank H. Overton. In addition to the officers, Lyman B. Smith, H. B. Trau, Elmer J. Lorenz and Morris Schick were asked to serve on the Board of Directors. A Board of Honorary Trustees was elected, all of them from different countries.","This meeting was a fire of enthusiasm. In a very short time, the membership grew from less than thirty local Californians to an international group of nearly 100 charter members, representing the following countries; Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Canal Zone, Costa Rica, France, Great Britain, New Zealand and the United States. First year was used to establish By-laws, goals, to build a membership and a treasury. The first Life Member of this new Society was Franklin M. DeVoe of Gulf Hammock, Florida. In January 1951, less than a year later, President Mulford Foster because editor of the The Bromeliad Society Bulletin, a bi-monthly publication to be sent to all members. Annual dues for membership remained $3.50 until March-April 1963 when the dues were increased to $4.00.","In November 1951, a local group organized The Southern California Bromeliad Society and became the first Affiliate of The Bromeliad Society. Early in 1953, The Bromeliad Society announced that it had been duly incorporated under the laws of the State of California as a non-profit organization. The March-April 1954 issue of The Bromeliad Society Bulletin announced that The Louisiana Bromeliad Society had applied for affiliation with The Bromeliad Society. December 1955 Bulletin, acknowledged the third affiliate, The Florida West Coast Bromeliad Society, and in the May-June 1959 Bulletin, The South Florida Bromeliad Society was established with Nat DeLeon President.","In the ten year period, The Bromeliad Society had grown to a membership of over 400, 100 of which were members living in countries other than the United States. In the United States, three states led in membership and activity: Florida (90 members), California (80 members) and Louisiana (30 members). There were four Affiliates, 2 in Florida, one in California, and one in Louisiana.","In the ensuing years The Bromeliad Society followed the rugged path of progress. Victoria Padilla became Editor of The Bromeliad Society Bulletin, and color pictures were introduced in 1960. In 1964, all cover pictures of the Bulletin were presented in color. In 1971, The Bromeliad Society Bulletin was given a new name, Journal of the Bromeliad Society. Victoria Padilla continued as Editor. In 1970, plans were made for a 20th Birthday celebration to be held in Southern California and hosted by the five Affiliates in the Los Angeles area. It was to feature an \"all bromeliad show\". This celebration led to future Bromeliad World Conferences. The Bromeliad Society has sponsored and funded many exceptional improvements to the future of bromeliads, and strives to ever improve the knowledge and appreciation of bromeliads for its members and the general public.","List of past Bromeliad World Conferences:","\n1972 Houston, Texas - First acknowledged Bromeliad Conference","\n1975 25th Anniversary Celebration, Buena Park, California","\n1977 New Orleans, Louisiana","\n1980 Orlando, Florida - 30th Birthday celebration","\n1982 Corpus Christi, Texas - \"Bromeliaceae Ole\"","\n1984 Los Angeles, California - \"Bromelympics\"","\n1986 New Orleans, Louisiana - \"One Mo' Time\"","\n1988 Miami, Florida - \"Miami Magic\"","\n1990 Houston, Texas - Bromeliads in Space\"","\n1992 Tampa, Florida - \"Bromeliad Safari\"","\n1994 San Diego, California - \"Bromeliads in Paradise\"","\n1996 Orlando, Florida - \"Orlandiana '96\"","\n1998 Houston, Texas - \"Bromeliad Roundup\"","\n2000 San Francisco, California - \"50th Birthday Celebration\"","\n2002 St. Petersburg, Florida - \"Bromeliad Beach Party\"","\n2004 Chicago, Illinois","\n2006 San Diego, California - \"Bromeliads on the Border\"","\n2008 Cairns, Australia - \"Bromeliads Down Under\"","\n2010 New Orleans, Louisiana - \"Bromeliads in the Big Easy\"","2012 Orlando, Florida - \"Orlandiana '12\"","\n2014 Honolulu, Hawaii - \"Bromeliads in Paradise\"","\n2018 San Diego, California - \"Fiesta de las Bromelias\"","Collection processed by Suphi Burak Ogreten; finding aid prepared by Suphi Burak Ogreten. Materials were arranged in chronological order and then placed in pH neutral folders and boxes. Fragile and high use items were placed in polyester sleeves.","The Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection . Collector, Michael A. Spencer amassed this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented in this fine collection.","The Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead , who was a horticulturist and owned an orange grove in Eustis, Florida and developed a property in Oviedo, Florida to research and hybridize plants. The collection contains Mead's notebook and family correspondence, together with a brochure and news clipping about the founding of Mead Gardens in Winter Park, Florida.","Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally . Nally grew bromeliads and other plants on the property that had once belonged to Henry Nehrling at Gotha, Florida. This collection documents both his work at the property and his personal life.","Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling . These materials were collected by Michael Spencer because of his interest in botany and his links with Central Florida. Of particular interest are Nehrling's notebooks, correspondence, photographs and plant labels. The collection also contains a few materials, which belonged to Mr. Spencer concerning the attempts to save Nehrling's Palm Cottage Gardens.","Henry Nehrling Papers . Henry Nehrling was a horticulturist famous for his gardens in Gotha and Naples, Florida. These papers are primarily manuscripts of his articles in the American Eagle and other writings about plants. They include a few news clippings, plant lists, correspondence and other documentation of a business and personal nature.","Archival Collection of Dr. Henry H. Nehrling from the Collection of Michael D. Kahn . These materials were in the possession of Betty Pooler Mitchell Nehrling, Henry Nehrling's second wife. The collection consists of letters, documents, photographs, postcards and monographs which provides insight into the familial and financial affairs of the Nehrling Gardens. It also offers a look at Henry Nehrling during the tumultuous years of Florida's boom and bust, and a glimpse of his failing physical and mental state while he sought refuge in a quiet communal colony in Southwest Florida.","Bromeliad Society International","Affiliated Societies of Bromeliad Society International","Florida Council of Affiliated Societies","Series I: Records, 1953-2006, contains biographies of Bromeliad Society International members and collected materials on conferences \u0026 symposiums, manuscripts, and various correspondence. Series also holds organizational files such as the minutes of the general meeting and the meeting of the board of directors, bylaws \u0026 standing rules of the Bromeliad Society, annual reports, financial statements, and affiliate shows committee reports.","\nSeries II: Plants, 1942-2003, includes documents that pertain to the registration of cultivar names. Applications for registration of Bromeliad are arranged in alphabetical order first by genus then proposed name. Some of the registrations may contain sample images along with the applications either in print or slide format. Series also holds one folder of articles and clippings related to Bromeliad which are collected by Bromeliad Society International members.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1951-2006, holds bromeliad publications from Australia, Brazil, Canada, Czech Republic, Mexico, Switzerland, and United States. Publications are arranged in alphabetical order by country, and then arranged in chronological order.","\nSeries IV: Photographs, 1949-2001, in three sub-series; Plants, People, and Digital Files. Most of the bromeliad cultivar photographs and registrar's files are stored in either floppy discs or CD-ROMs. Only one folder contains photographs of Bromeliad Society International members; such as Mulford B. Foster, Ella Kelly and Victoria Padilla.","\nSeries V: Memorabilia, 1980-2004, includes Bromeliad Society International pins and posters that were issued for the World Bromeliad Conferences. A number of posters are signed and numbered by the artists, such as John Barbie Jr. and Steve Littlefield.","\nSeries VI: Additional Materials, 1911-2018, This series holds additional materials received from the Bromeliad Society International (BSI) in 2015, 2016, 2018, and 2022. Some of these materials include a World Bromeliad Conference '72 schedule events and a letter sent out to BSI members from the chair, Patrick Mitchell; a manuscript called \"Bromeliad Hybrids and Cultivars\" compiled by Brian Smith in 1984; \"A Preliminary Listing of All Known Cultivar and Grex Names for the Bromeliaceae\" created by Bromeliad Society, Inc. and arranged by Don A. Beadle, includes named and unnamed grexes, names of collectors, hybridizers, developers, references, and dates; \"First tentative Listing of Bromeliad Cultivars\" prepared by Brian Smith in 1989; four copper color separations for one print; and various publications from Australia, New Zealand, and the United States.","Unpublished records are protected by copyright. Permission to publish quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","The Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive consists of historical materials, including photographs related to cultivation of bromeliads; field notes related to the collection of bromeliads in the wild; list of plant entries in judged bromeliad shows; incoming and outgoing correspondence from early bromeliad growers; biographies; administrative records of the BSI such as, copyright registrations, copies of meeting minutes, annual reports, and bylaws; BSI publications; and ephemera, including posters and pins. The purpose of the BSI is to promote and maintain public and scientific interest in the research, development, preservation, and distribution of bromeliads, both natural and hybrid, throughout the world.","UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society International","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC.097","/repositories/4/resources/78"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1911-2018"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018"],"collection_ssim":["Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive, 1911-2018"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Denver (Colo.)","Houston (Tex.)","Philadelphia (Pa.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Denver (Colo.)","Houston (Tex.)","Philadelphia (Pa.)"],"places_ssim":["Denver (Colo.)","Houston (Tex.)","Philadelphia (Pa.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished records are protected by copyright. Permission to publish quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives Department acquired these materials from Jay Thurrott in 2014 (CFM2014_04). Additional materials were donated in 2015 (CFM2015_08), 2016 (CFM2016_06), 2018 (CFM2018_11) and 2022 (CFM2022_17)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Bromeliaceae","Botany","Plant hybridization","Botanical gardens -- Florida -- Orlando","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Bromeliaceae","Botany","Plant hybridization","Botanical gardens -- Florida -- Orlando","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13 Linear Feet 27 Boxes, 1 Flat File, 1 Flat Box"],"extent_tesim":["13 Linear Feet 27 Boxes, 1 Flat File, 1 Flat Box"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographic prints","slides (photographs)","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)"],"date_range_isim":[1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFor many years, the bromeliad co-existed with the human, floral and animal inhabitants of the lush, tropical environment of the America. Each took advantage of what the other had to offer. Bromeliad history tells us that Christopher Columbus sailed the ocean blue and bumped into a new world. With his boat filled with goodies from the tropics, Columbus sailed the ocean again and managed to bump into his homeland, Spain. His Queen sent him back to the new world, and on his return trip he took a vicious looking plant with long, spiny leaves and a luscious sweet fruit growing from the center of the leaves. Christopher brought his Queen a pineapple. The first bromeliad to leave the new world.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther adventures and explorers followed and returned to their homeland with wonders never seen before. Some of the wonders were tropical plants and many of them became known as bromeliads. Thus, the Bromeliacea family was described; and slowly over the years, its popularity invaded the United States. Bromeliad Society began in 1948 when Mr. Joseph Schneider of San Gabrial, California asked the organizer of Round Robins for the Flower Grower if she could get a group together who were interested in bromeliads. She placed a call for members of her Round Robin which brought an immediate response from Miss Victoria Padilla and Mrs. Sue Hutchinson who were soon followed by seven others, and they in turn brought four more. This group formed a Round Robin, exchanging their experiences with bromeliads by correspondence with one another for approximately two years. In the spring of 1950, a call was sent out to all members of the Round Robin, and others interested in bromeliads to attend a pot luck dinner at the home of Mrs. Doroth Behrends in Los Angeles, California on May 21st to discuss the suggestion made by Mr. Schneider that a Bromeliad Society be organized. There were fourteen enthusiastic bromeliad people in attendance. The meeting was called to order by Victoria Padilla. It was decided to hold an organizational meeting the following September.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe September 17, 1950 meeting was held on a Sunday afternoon in the home of Mr. and Mrs. Frank Overton in Glendale, California. Twenty one prospective members attended, with a surprise guest, Mr. Mulford Foster of Orlando, Florida. This group organized not just a local society, but an international society for the benefit of bromeliad enthusiasts all over the world. The first officers elected were: President, Mulford Foster; First Vice President, David Barry, Jr.; Second Vice President, Russell J. Seibert; Secretary, Victoria Padilla, and Treasurer, Frank H. Overton. In addition to the officers, Lyman B. Smith, H. B. Trau, Elmer J. Lorenz and Morris Schick were asked to serve on the Board of Directors. A Board of Honorary Trustees was elected, all of them from different countries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis meeting was a fire of enthusiasm. In a very short time, the membership grew from less than thirty local Californians to an international group of nearly 100 charter members, representing the following countries; Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Canal Zone, Costa Rica, France, Great Britain, New Zealand and the United States. First year was used to establish By-laws, goals, to build a membership and a treasury. The first Life Member of this new Society was Franklin M. DeVoe of Gulf Hammock, Florida. In January 1951, less than a year later, President Mulford Foster because editor of the The Bromeliad Society Bulletin, a bi-monthly publication to be sent to all members. Annual dues for membership remained $3.50 until March-April 1963 when the dues were increased to $4.00.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn November 1951, a local group organized The Southern California Bromeliad Society and became the first Affiliate of The Bromeliad Society. Early in 1953, The Bromeliad Society announced that it had been duly incorporated under the laws of the State of California as a non-profit organization. The March-April 1954 issue of The Bromeliad Society Bulletin announced that The Louisiana Bromeliad Society had applied for affiliation with The Bromeliad Society. December 1955 Bulletin, acknowledged the third affiliate, The Florida West Coast Bromeliad Society, and in the May-June 1959 Bulletin, The South Florida Bromeliad Society was established with Nat DeLeon President.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the ten year period, The Bromeliad Society had grown to a membership of over 400, 100 of which were members living in countries other than the United States. In the United States, three states led in membership and activity: Florida (90 members), California (80 members) and Louisiana (30 members). There were four Affiliates, 2 in Florida, one in California, and one in Louisiana.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the ensuing years The Bromeliad Society followed the rugged path of progress. Victoria Padilla became Editor of The Bromeliad Society Bulletin, and color pictures were introduced in 1960. In 1964, all cover pictures of the Bulletin were presented in color. In 1971, The Bromeliad Society Bulletin was given a new name, Journal of the Bromeliad Society. Victoria Padilla continued as Editor. In 1970, plans were made for a 20th Birthday celebration to be held in Southern California and hosted by the five Affiliates in the Los Angeles area. It was to feature an \"all bromeliad show\". This celebration led to future Bromeliad World Conferences. The Bromeliad Society has sponsored and funded many exceptional improvements to the future of bromeliads, and strives to ever improve the knowledge and appreciation of bromeliads for its members and the general public.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eList of past Bromeliad World Conferences:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1972 Houston, Texas - First acknowledged Bromeliad Conference\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1975 25th Anniversary Celebration, Buena Park, California\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1977 New Orleans, Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1980 Orlando, Florida - 30th Birthday celebration\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1982 Corpus Christi, Texas - \"Bromeliaceae Ole\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1984 Los Angeles, California - \"Bromelympics\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1986 New Orleans, Louisiana - \"One Mo' Time\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1988 Miami, Florida - \"Miami Magic\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1990 Houston, Texas - Bromeliads in Space\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1992 Tampa, Florida - \"Bromeliad Safari\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1994 San Diego, California - \"Bromeliads in Paradise\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1996 Orlando, Florida - \"Orlandiana '96\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n1998 Houston, Texas - \"Bromeliad Roundup\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2000 San Francisco, California - \"50th Birthday Celebration\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2002 St. Petersburg, Florida - \"Bromeliad Beach Party\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2004 Chicago, Illinois\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2006 San Diego, California - \"Bromeliads on the Border\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2008 Cairns, Australia - \"Bromeliads Down Under\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2010 New Orleans, Louisiana - \"Bromeliads in the Big Easy\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2012 Orlando, Florida - \"Orlandiana '12\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2014 Honolulu, Hawaii - \"Bromeliads in Paradise\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2018 San Diego, California - \"Fiesta de las Bromelias\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["For many years, the bromeliad co-existed with the human, floral and animal inhabitants of the lush, tropical environment of the America. Each took advantage of what the other had to offer. Bromeliad history tells us that Christopher Columbus sailed the ocean blue and bumped into a new world. With his boat filled with goodies from the tropics, Columbus sailed the ocean again and managed to bump into his homeland, Spain. His Queen sent him back to the new world, and on his return trip he took a vicious looking plant with long, spiny leaves and a luscious sweet fruit growing from the center of the leaves. Christopher brought his Queen a pineapple. The first bromeliad to leave the new world.","Other adventures and explorers followed and returned to their homeland with wonders never seen before. Some of the wonders were tropical plants and many of them became known as bromeliads. Thus, the Bromeliacea family was described; and slowly over the years, its popularity invaded the United States. Bromeliad Society began in 1948 when Mr. Joseph Schneider of San Gabrial, California asked the organizer of Round Robins for the Flower Grower if she could get a group together who were interested in bromeliads. She placed a call for members of her Round Robin which brought an immediate response from Miss Victoria Padilla and Mrs. Sue Hutchinson who were soon followed by seven others, and they in turn brought four more. This group formed a Round Robin, exchanging their experiences with bromeliads by correspondence with one another for approximately two years. In the spring of 1950, a call was sent out to all members of the Round Robin, and others interested in bromeliads to attend a pot luck dinner at the home of Mrs. Doroth Behrends in Los Angeles, California on May 21st to discuss the suggestion made by Mr. Schneider that a Bromeliad Society be organized. There were fourteen enthusiastic bromeliad people in attendance. The meeting was called to order by Victoria Padilla. It was decided to hold an organizational meeting the following September.","The September 17, 1950 meeting was held on a Sunday afternoon in the home of Mr. and Mrs. Frank Overton in Glendale, California. Twenty one prospective members attended, with a surprise guest, Mr. Mulford Foster of Orlando, Florida. This group organized not just a local society, but an international society for the benefit of bromeliad enthusiasts all over the world. The first officers elected were: President, Mulford Foster; First Vice President, David Barry, Jr.; Second Vice President, Russell J. Seibert; Secretary, Victoria Padilla, and Treasurer, Frank H. Overton. In addition to the officers, Lyman B. Smith, H. B. Trau, Elmer J. Lorenz and Morris Schick were asked to serve on the Board of Directors. A Board of Honorary Trustees was elected, all of them from different countries.","This meeting was a fire of enthusiasm. In a very short time, the membership grew from less than thirty local Californians to an international group of nearly 100 charter members, representing the following countries; Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Canal Zone, Costa Rica, France, Great Britain, New Zealand and the United States. First year was used to establish By-laws, goals, to build a membership and a treasury. The first Life Member of this new Society was Franklin M. DeVoe of Gulf Hammock, Florida. In January 1951, less than a year later, President Mulford Foster because editor of the The Bromeliad Society Bulletin, a bi-monthly publication to be sent to all members. Annual dues for membership remained $3.50 until March-April 1963 when the dues were increased to $4.00.","In November 1951, a local group organized The Southern California Bromeliad Society and became the first Affiliate of The Bromeliad Society. Early in 1953, The Bromeliad Society announced that it had been duly incorporated under the laws of the State of California as a non-profit organization. The March-April 1954 issue of The Bromeliad Society Bulletin announced that The Louisiana Bromeliad Society had applied for affiliation with The Bromeliad Society. December 1955 Bulletin, acknowledged the third affiliate, The Florida West Coast Bromeliad Society, and in the May-June 1959 Bulletin, The South Florida Bromeliad Society was established with Nat DeLeon President.","In the ten year period, The Bromeliad Society had grown to a membership of over 400, 100 of which were members living in countries other than the United States. In the United States, three states led in membership and activity: Florida (90 members), California (80 members) and Louisiana (30 members). There were four Affiliates, 2 in Florida, one in California, and one in Louisiana.","In the ensuing years The Bromeliad Society followed the rugged path of progress. Victoria Padilla became Editor of The Bromeliad Society Bulletin, and color pictures were introduced in 1960. In 1964, all cover pictures of the Bulletin were presented in color. In 1971, The Bromeliad Society Bulletin was given a new name, Journal of the Bromeliad Society. Victoria Padilla continued as Editor. In 1970, plans were made for a 20th Birthday celebration to be held in Southern California and hosted by the five Affiliates in the Los Angeles area. It was to feature an \"all bromeliad show\". This celebration led to future Bromeliad World Conferences. The Bromeliad Society has sponsored and funded many exceptional improvements to the future of bromeliads, and strives to ever improve the knowledge and appreciation of bromeliads for its members and the general public.","List of past Bromeliad World Conferences:","\n1972 Houston, Texas - First acknowledged Bromeliad Conference","\n1975 25th Anniversary Celebration, Buena Park, California","\n1977 New Orleans, Louisiana","\n1980 Orlando, Florida - 30th Birthday celebration","\n1982 Corpus Christi, Texas - \"Bromeliaceae Ole\"","\n1984 Los Angeles, California - \"Bromelympics\"","\n1986 New Orleans, Louisiana - \"One Mo' Time\"","\n1988 Miami, Florida - \"Miami Magic\"","\n1990 Houston, Texas - Bromeliads in Space\"","\n1992 Tampa, Florida - \"Bromeliad Safari\"","\n1994 San Diego, California - \"Bromeliads in Paradise\"","\n1996 Orlando, Florida - \"Orlandiana '96\"","\n1998 Houston, Texas - \"Bromeliad Roundup\"","\n2000 San Francisco, California - \"50th Birthday Celebration\"","\n2002 St. Petersburg, Florida - \"Bromeliad Beach Party\"","\n2004 Chicago, Illinois","\n2006 San Diego, California - \"Bromeliads on the Border\"","\n2008 Cairns, Australia - \"Bromeliads Down Under\"","\n2010 New Orleans, Louisiana - \"Bromeliads in the Big Easy\"","2012 Orlando, Florida - \"Orlandiana '12\"","\n2014 Honolulu, Hawaii - \"Bromeliads in Paradise\"","\n2018 San Diego, California - \"Fiesta de las Bromelias\""],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBromeliad Society International Archive, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Bromeliad Society International Archive, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection processed by Suphi Burak Ogreten; finding aid prepared by Suphi Burak Ogreten. Materials were arranged in chronological order and then placed in pH neutral folders and boxes. Fragile and high use items were placed in polyester sleeves.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Collection processed by Suphi Burak Ogreten; finding aid prepared by Suphi Burak Ogreten. Materials were arranged in chronological order and then placed in pH neutral folders and boxes. Fragile and high use items were placed in polyester sleeves."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-09\"\u003eThe Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection\u003c/extref\u003e. Collector, Michael A. Spencer amassed this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented in this fine collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08b\"\u003eThe Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead\u003c/extref\u003e, who was a horticulturist and owned an orange grove in Eustis, Florida and developed a property in Oviedo, Florida to research and hybridize plants. The collection contains Mead's notebook and family correspondence, together with a brochure and news clipping about the founding of Mead Gardens in Winter Park, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08c\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally\u003c/extref\u003e. Nally grew bromeliads and other plants on the property that had once belonged to Henry Nehrling at Gotha, Florida. This collection documents both his work at the property and his personal life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08a\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling\u003c/extref\u003e. These materials were collected by Michael Spencer because of his interest in botany and his links with Central Florida. Of particular interest are Nehrling's notebooks, correspondence, photographs and plant labels. The collection also contains a few materials, which belonged to Mr. Spencer concerning the attempts to save Nehrling's Palm Cottage Gardens.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM1999-03\"\u003eHenry Nehrling Papers\u003c/extref\u003e. Henry Nehrling was a horticulturist famous for his gardens in Gotha and Naples, Florida. These papers are primarily manuscripts of his articles in the American Eagle and other writings about plants. They include a few news clippings, plant lists, correspondence and other documentation of a business and personal nature.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2014-09\"\u003eArchival Collection of Dr. Henry H. Nehrling from the Collection of Michael D. Kahn\u003c/extref\u003e. These materials were in the possession of Betty Pooler Mitchell Nehrling, Henry Nehrling's second wife. The collection consists of letters, documents, photographs, postcards and monographs which provides insight into the familial and financial affairs of the Nehrling Gardens. It also offers a look at Henry Nehrling during the tumultuous years of Florida's boom and bust, and a glimpse of his failing physical and mental state while he sought refuge in a quiet communal colony in Southwest Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://www.bsi.org/new/\"\u003eBromeliad Society International\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://www.bsi.org/bsi_info/affiliates/?bylocation\"\u003eAffiliated Societies of Bromeliad Society International\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://www.fcbs.org\"\u003eFlorida Council of Affiliated Societies\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection . Collector, Michael A. Spencer amassed this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented in this fine collection.","The Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead , who was a horticulturist and owned an orange grove in Eustis, Florida and developed a property in Oviedo, Florida to research and hybridize plants. The collection contains Mead's notebook and family correspondence, together with a brochure and news clipping about the founding of Mead Gardens in Winter Park, Florida.","Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally . Nally grew bromeliads and other plants on the property that had once belonged to Henry Nehrling at Gotha, Florida. This collection documents both his work at the property and his personal life.","Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling . These materials were collected by Michael Spencer because of his interest in botany and his links with Central Florida. Of particular interest are Nehrling's notebooks, correspondence, photographs and plant labels. The collection also contains a few materials, which belonged to Mr. Spencer concerning the attempts to save Nehrling's Palm Cottage Gardens.","Henry Nehrling Papers . Henry Nehrling was a horticulturist famous for his gardens in Gotha and Naples, Florida. These papers are primarily manuscripts of his articles in the American Eagle and other writings about plants. They include a few news clippings, plant lists, correspondence and other documentation of a business and personal nature.","Archival Collection of Dr. Henry H. Nehrling from the Collection of Michael D. Kahn . These materials were in the possession of Betty Pooler Mitchell Nehrling, Henry Nehrling's second wife. The collection consists of letters, documents, photographs, postcards and monographs which provides insight into the familial and financial affairs of the Nehrling Gardens. It also offers a look at Henry Nehrling during the tumultuous years of Florida's boom and bust, and a glimpse of his failing physical and mental state while he sought refuge in a quiet communal colony in Southwest Florida.","Bromeliad Society International","Affiliated Societies of Bromeliad Society International","Florida Council of Affiliated Societies"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Records, 1953-2006, contains biographies of Bromeliad Society International members and collected materials on conferences \u0026amp; symposiums, manuscripts, and various correspondence. Series also holds organizational files such as the minutes of the general meeting and the meeting of the board of directors, bylaws \u0026amp; standing rules of the Bromeliad Society, annual reports, financial statements, and affiliate shows committee reports.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Plants, 1942-2003, includes documents that pertain to the registration of cultivar names. Applications for registration of Bromeliad are arranged in alphabetical order first by genus then proposed name. Some of the registrations may contain sample images along with the applications either in print or slide format. Series also holds one folder of articles and clippings related to Bromeliad which are collected by Bromeliad Society International members.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Publications, 1951-2006, holds bromeliad publications from Australia, Brazil, Canada, Czech Republic, Mexico, Switzerland, and United States. Publications are arranged in alphabetical order by country, and then arranged in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Photographs, 1949-2001, in three sub-series; Plants, People, and Digital Files. Most of the bromeliad cultivar photographs and registrar's files are stored in either floppy discs or CD-ROMs. Only one folder contains photographs of Bromeliad Society International members; such as Mulford B. Foster, Ella Kelly and Victoria Padilla.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Memorabilia, 1980-2004, includes Bromeliad Society International pins and posters that were issued for the World Bromeliad Conferences. A number of posters are signed and numbered by the artists, such as John Barbie Jr. and Steve Littlefield.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Additional Materials, 1911-2018, This series holds additional materials received from the Bromeliad Society International (BSI) in 2015, 2016, 2018, and 2022. Some of these materials include a World Bromeliad Conference '72 schedule events and a letter sent out to BSI members from the chair, Patrick Mitchell; a manuscript called \"Bromeliad Hybrids and Cultivars\" compiled by Brian Smith in 1984; \"A Preliminary Listing of All Known Cultivar and Grex Names for the Bromeliaceae\" created by Bromeliad Society, Inc. and arranged by Don A. Beadle, includes named and unnamed grexes, names of collectors, hybridizers, developers, references, and dates; \"First tentative Listing of Bromeliad Cultivars\" prepared by Brian Smith in 1989; four copper color separations for one print; and various publications from Australia, New Zealand, and the United States.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series I: Records, 1953-2006, contains biographies of Bromeliad Society International members and collected materials on conferences \u0026 symposiums, manuscripts, and various correspondence. Series also holds organizational files such as the minutes of the general meeting and the meeting of the board of directors, bylaws \u0026 standing rules of the Bromeliad Society, annual reports, financial statements, and affiliate shows committee reports.","\nSeries II: Plants, 1942-2003, includes documents that pertain to the registration of cultivar names. Applications for registration of Bromeliad are arranged in alphabetical order first by genus then proposed name. Some of the registrations may contain sample images along with the applications either in print or slide format. Series also holds one folder of articles and clippings related to Bromeliad which are collected by Bromeliad Society International members.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1951-2006, holds bromeliad publications from Australia, Brazil, Canada, Czech Republic, Mexico, Switzerland, and United States. Publications are arranged in alphabetical order by country, and then arranged in chronological order.","\nSeries IV: Photographs, 1949-2001, in three sub-series; Plants, People, and Digital Files. Most of the bromeliad cultivar photographs and registrar's files are stored in either floppy discs or CD-ROMs. Only one folder contains photographs of Bromeliad Society International members; such as Mulford B. Foster, Ella Kelly and Victoria Padilla.","\nSeries V: Memorabilia, 1980-2004, includes Bromeliad Society International pins and posters that were issued for the World Bromeliad Conferences. A number of posters are signed and numbered by the artists, such as John Barbie Jr. and Steve Littlefield.","\nSeries VI: Additional Materials, 1911-2018, This series holds additional materials received from the Bromeliad Society International (BSI) in 2015, 2016, 2018, and 2022. Some of these materials include a World Bromeliad Conference '72 schedule events and a letter sent out to BSI members from the chair, Patrick Mitchell; a manuscript called \"Bromeliad Hybrids and Cultivars\" compiled by Brian Smith in 1984; \"A Preliminary Listing of All Known Cultivar and Grex Names for the Bromeliaceae\" created by Bromeliad Society, Inc. and arranged by Don A. Beadle, includes named and unnamed grexes, names of collectors, hybridizers, developers, references, and dates; \"First tentative Listing of Bromeliad Cultivars\" prepared by Brian Smith in 1989; four copper color separations for one print; and various publications from Australia, New Zealand, and the United States."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished records are protected by copyright. Permission to publish quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished records are protected by copyright. Permission to publish quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9ae065e663a8566449eee07dbeca3db9\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive consists of historical materials, including photographs related to cultivation of bromeliads; field notes related to the collection of bromeliads in the wild; list of plant entries in judged bromeliad shows; incoming and outgoing correspondence from early bromeliad growers; biographies; administrative records of the BSI such as, copyright registrations, copies of meeting minutes, annual reports, and bylaws; BSI publications; and ephemera, including posters and pins. The purpose of the BSI is to promote and maintain public and scientific interest in the research, development, preservation, and distribution of bromeliads, both natural and hybrid, throughout the world.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Bromeliad Society International (BSI) Archive consists of historical materials, including photographs related to cultivation of bromeliads; field notes related to the collection of bromeliads in the wild; list of plant entries in judged bromeliad shows; incoming and outgoing correspondence from early bromeliad growers; biographies; administrative records of the BSI such as, copyright registrations, copies of meeting minutes, annual reports, and bylaws; BSI publications; and ephemera, including posters and pins. The purpose of the BSI is to promote and maintain public and scientific interest in the research, development, preservation, and distribution of bromeliads, both natural and hybrid, throughout the world."],"names_coll_ssim":["Bromeliad Society International"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society International"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society International"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1613,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870858035398705152,"_root_":"2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:07:37.887Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/2d920f17dde733c1cf36099d_aspace_73353"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Michael A. 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Special Collections Department","hits":5},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=University+of+South+Florida.+Library.+Special+Collections+Department\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1964"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Florida Audubon Society","value":"Florida Audubon Society","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Florida+Audubon+Society\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1964"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Mickler, Georgine, 1914-1998","value":"Mickler, Georgine, 1914-1998","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Mickler%2C+Georgine%2C+1914-1998\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1964"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Mickler, Thomas, 1912-1997","value":"Mickler, Thomas, 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