{"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1961\u0026page=89\u0026view=compact","prev":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1961\u0026page=88\u0026view=compact","next":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1961\u0026page=90\u0026view=compact","last":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1961\u0026page=407\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":89,"next_page":90,"prev_page":88,"total_pages":407,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":880,"total_count":4066,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_54576","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Crassulaceae, 1953-1977","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_54576#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_54576","ref_ssm":["aspace_54576","aspace_54576"],"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_54576","title_filing_ssi":"Crassulaceae","title_ssm":["Crassulaceae"],"title_tesim":["Crassulaceae"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1953-1977"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1953-1977"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Crassulaceae, 1953-1977"],"text":["Crassulaceae, 1953-1977","Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Plants By Family Files, 1908-1990.","Folder 9","/repositories/4/archival_objects/32942","box 147","folder 9"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_54557"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Plants By Family Files, 1908-1990."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Plants By Family Files, 1908-1990."],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 9","/repositories/4/archival_objects/32942"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":3078,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n\n  Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence\n  Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"\n"],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977],"containers_ssim":["box 147","folder 9"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#16","_nest_parent_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_54557","_root_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:53:59.490Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","title_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection"],"title_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection"],"ead_ssi":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","unitdate_ssm":["1754-2014"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1754-2014"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148"],"text":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148","Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Marineland (Fla.)","Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)","The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"","The collection is divided into eight series by type of file.","Michael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004.","Materials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023.","A large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library  Online Catalog .  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling  and the  Henry Nehrling Papers  are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the  Harry P. Leu Gardens . The  Henry Nehrling Collection  and the  Theodore L. Mead Collection  are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the  Smithsonian Institution Archives .","Series I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.","\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.","\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.","\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.","\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.","\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.","\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.","\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder.","Michael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here.","UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society","Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1754-2014"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"collection_title_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"collection_ssim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"creator_ssm":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creator_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creators_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"places_ssim":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Some of these materials were donated to and others were purchased by the University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives from Michael A. Spencer in 2006 (CFM2006_09), 2011 (CFM2011_02), 2012 (CFM2012_10), and 2014 (CFM2014_01)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["130 Linear Feet 259 boxes, 2 flat files"],"extent_tesim":["130 Linear Feet 259 boxes, 2 flat files"],"genreform_ssim":["botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"date_range_isim":[1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBoxes 180-181: Personal correspondence\u003c/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBoxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\""],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into eight series by type of file.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into eight series by type of file."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Materials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library \u003cextref href=\"https://library.ucf.edu\"\u003eOnline Catalog\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08c\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally\u003c/extref\u003e, \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08b\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead\u003c/extref\u003e, \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08a\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling\u003c/extref\u003e and the \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM1999-03\"\u003eHenry Nehrling Papers\u003c/extref\u003e are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the \u003cextref href=\"http://www.leugardens.org/\"\u003eHarry P. Leu Gardens\u003c/extref\u003e. The \u003cextref href=\"https://aspace.rollins.edu/repositories/2/resources/4\"\u003eHenry Nehrling Collection\u003c/extref\u003e and the \u003cextref href=\"https://aspace.rollins.edu/repositories/2/resources/97\"\u003eTheodore L. Mead Collection\u003c/extref\u003e are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the \u003cextref href=\"http://siarchives.si.edu/\"\u003eSmithsonian Institution Archives\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["A large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library  Online Catalog .  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling  and the  Henry Nehrling Papers  are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the  Harry P. Leu Gardens . The  Henry Nehrling Collection  and the  Theodore L. Mead Collection  are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the  Smithsonian Institution Archives ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.","\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.","\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.","\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.","\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.","\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.","\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.","\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Copyright Statement"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8e33310d6b1a70e4d88f1e2d3043cf71\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here."],"names_coll_ssim":["Bromeliad Society","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society","Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society"],"persname_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3662,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:53:59.490Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_54576"}},{"id":"1efe7df8e9cb3317e5aad19c_aspace_ec39cd01d66f0479e098afc7139948bc","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Crawford, William G. and family, Circa 1960-1969","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/1efe7df8e9cb3317e5aad19c_aspace_ec39cd01d66f0479e098afc7139948bc#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_ec39cd01d66f0479e098afc7139948bc","ref_ssm":["aspace_ec39cd01d66f0479e098afc7139948bc","aspace_ec39cd01d66f0479e098afc7139948bc"],"id":"1efe7df8e9cb3317e5aad19c_aspace_ec39cd01d66f0479e098afc7139948bc","title_filing_ssi":"Crawford, William G. and family","title_ssm":["Crawford, William G. and family"],"title_tesim":["Crawford, William G. and family"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 1960-1969"],"normalized_date_ssm":["Circa 1960-1969"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Crawford, William G. and family, Circa 1960-1969"],"text":["Crawford, William G. and family, Circa 1960-1969","J. W. \"Bill\" Stevens Collection, Circa 1940-1986","Correspondence","Correspondence, Cards, 1960-1971","/repositories/4/archival_objects/6579","box 1","folder 38"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["1efe7df8e9cb3317e5aad19c","1efe7df8e9cb3317e5aad19c_aspace_6c56bfc5d76dc8b00f12fd165743df4b","1efe7df8e9cb3317e5aad19c_aspace_2191ff6cd58a8cb53ccb2bc9cc868ab2"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["J. W. \"Bill\" Stevens Collection, Circa 1940-1986","Correspondence","Correspondence, Cards, 1960-1971"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["J. W. \"Bill\" Stevens Collection, Circa 1940-1986","Correspondence","Correspondence, Cards, 1960-1971"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/4/archival_objects/6579"],"repository_ssim":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"collection_ssim":["J. W. \"Bill\" Stevens Collection, Circa 1940-1986"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":41,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The J. W. \"Bill\" Stevens Collection is open for research."],"date_range_isim":[1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 38"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1/components#1","_nest_parent_":"1efe7df8e9cb3317e5aad19c_aspace_2191ff6cd58a8cb53ccb2bc9cc868ab2","_root_":"1efe7df8e9cb3317e5aad19c","_version_":1873196202288218112,"timestamp":"2026-08-11T03:31:47.707Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"1efe7df8e9cb3317e5aad19c","title_filing_ssi":"Stevens, J. W. \"Bill\"  Collection","title_ssm":["J. W. \"Bill\" Stevens Collection"],"title_tesim":["J. W. \"Bill\" Stevens Collection"],"ead_ssi":"1efe7df8e9cb3317e5aad19c","unitdate_ssm":["Circa 1940-1986"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 1940-1986"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["BCHA.1994.25","/repositories/4/resources/31"],"text":["BCHA.1994.25","/repositories/4/resources/31","J. W. \"Bill\" Stevens Collection, Circa 1940-1986","The J. W. \"Bill\" Stevens Collection is open for research.","J. W. (James Williams) \"Bill\" Stevens was born on Dember 12, 1917 to Vene Juanita and Homer Clair Stevens. He was raised in Grand Rapids, MI, and  moved to Fort Lauderdale, Broward County, Florida in 1925. While there he attended Oakland Park Elementary School and graduated from Miami High School in 1936. From 1941 to 1967, the Stevens family owned and operated five locations of the Stevens Bakery in Fort Lauderdale. Upon graduation, he attended Wittenberg University in Springfield, OH where he met his wife Jeanne Freeburger. He later enlisted to serve in the United States army serving as Captain in the 77th Infantry Division, Quartermaster Section, in Manila and Japan during World War II. After the war in 1946,  Stevens moved his family to Oakland Park where they raised their daughters, Barbara and Lynn. In 1946 Stevens won a seat on the Oakland Park City Council, and ran for the Broward County Commission. He served as that City's Mayor from 1955 to 1962. Stevens served 16 years on the Broward County Commission and was nicknamed \"Mr. Republican.\" In 1980, Stevens served a two year term on the Florida Senate where he along with State Representative Linda Cox (D-Ft. Lauderdale), passed the Trauma Center Designation bill. Stevens also held other positions throughout his life which included president of the Florida State association of County Commissioners, president appointee for the National Highway and Motor Vehicle Safety Committee, Blue Ribbon Transportation Committee. Stevens was also in the Electoral College for the election of president Eisenhower. He was the Assistant City Manager of Deerfield Beach, Florida from 1983-1986. Stevens also continued to pursue higher education and in 1984 received his Bachelor of Science Degree in Public Administration from Nova University in Davie, Florida. He became City Manager of Parkland, Broward County, Florida from 1986-1988.Outside of politics and education, Stevens was a member of the J.D. Hawkins Lodge in Oakland Park, and served as grandmaster of the 33rd Scottish Rite. J. W. \"Bill\" Stevens died on March 19, 2010, in Fort Walton Beach, FL.","This collection received file level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection","View a selection of digitized materials from the J. W. \"Bill\" Stevens Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives.","The J. W. \"Bill\" Stevens Collection contains photographs, correspondence, printed material and clippings documenting James Williams (J. W. \"Bill\") Stevens's career as mayor of Oakland Park, Florida as well as his tenure as state senator. Personal photographs and correspondence are also included in the collection."," Broward County Historical Archives","J. W. Stevens (James William \"Bill\")","English"],"unitid_tesim":["BCHA.1994.25","/repositories/4/resources/31"],"normalized_date_ssm":["Circa 1940-1986"],"normalized_title_ssm":["J. W. \"Bill\" Stevens Collection, Circa 1940-1986"],"collection_title_tesim":["J. W. \"Bill\" Stevens Collection, Circa 1940-1986"],"collection_ssim":["J. W. \"Bill\" Stevens Collection, Circa 1940-1986"],"repository_ssm":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"creator_ssm":["J. W. Stevens (James William \"Bill\")"],"creator_ssim":["J. W. Stevens (James William \"Bill\")"],"creator_persname_ssim":["J. W. Stevens (James William \"Bill\")"],"creators_ssim":["J. W. Stevens (James William \"Bill\")"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The J. W. \"Bill\" Stevens Collection was given to Broward County Historical Archives from the Mississippi Museum of History who received the collection from Barbara Fortner, daughter of J. W. \"Bill\" Stevens. Barbara Fortner also donated additional materials directly to the Broward County Historical Archives."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9 Hollinger Boxes","2 Boxes (irregular size)"],"extent_tesim":["9 Hollinger Boxes","2 Boxes (irregular size)"],"date_range_isim":[1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe J. W. \"Bill\" Stevens Collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The J. W. \"Bill\" Stevens Collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJ. W. (James Williams) \"Bill\" Stevens was born on Dember 12, 1917 to Vene Juanita and Homer Clair Stevens. He was raised in Grand Rapids, MI, and  moved to Fort Lauderdale, Broward County, Florida in 1925. While there he attended Oakland Park Elementary School and graduated from Miami High School in 1936. From 1941 to 1967, the Stevens family owned and operated five locations of the Stevens Bakery in Fort Lauderdale. Upon graduation, he attended Wittenberg University in Springfield, OH where he met his wife Jeanne Freeburger. He later enlisted to serve in the United States army serving as Captain in the 77th Infantry Division, Quartermaster Section, in Manila and Japan during World War II. After the war in 1946,  Stevens moved his family to Oakland Park where they raised their daughters, Barbara and Lynn. In 1946 Stevens won a seat on the Oakland Park City Council, and ran for the Broward County Commission. He served as that City's Mayor from 1955 to 1962. Stevens served 16 years on the Broward County Commission and was nicknamed \"Mr. Republican.\" In 1980, Stevens served a two year term on the Florida Senate where he along with State Representative Linda Cox (D-Ft. Lauderdale), passed the Trauma Center Designation bill. Stevens also held other positions throughout his life which included president of the Florida State association of County Commissioners, president appointee for the National Highway and Motor Vehicle Safety Committee, Blue Ribbon Transportation Committee. Stevens was also in the Electoral College for the election of president Eisenhower. He was the Assistant City Manager of Deerfield Beach, Florida from 1983-1986. Stevens also continued to pursue higher education and in 1984 received his Bachelor of Science Degree in Public Administration from Nova University in Davie, Florida. He became City Manager of Parkland, Broward County, Florida from 1986-1988.Outside of politics and education, Stevens was a member of the J.D. Hawkins Lodge in Oakland Park, and served as grandmaster of the 33rd Scottish Rite. J. W. \"Bill\" Stevens died on March 19, 2010, in Fort Walton Beach, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["J. W. (James Williams) \"Bill\" Stevens was born on Dember 12, 1917 to Vene Juanita and Homer Clair Stevens. He was raised in Grand Rapids, MI, and  moved to Fort Lauderdale, Broward County, Florida in 1925. While there he attended Oakland Park Elementary School and graduated from Miami High School in 1936. From 1941 to 1967, the Stevens family owned and operated five locations of the Stevens Bakery in Fort Lauderdale. Upon graduation, he attended Wittenberg University in Springfield, OH where he met his wife Jeanne Freeburger. He later enlisted to serve in the United States army serving as Captain in the 77th Infantry Division, Quartermaster Section, in Manila and Japan during World War II. After the war in 1946,  Stevens moved his family to Oakland Park where they raised their daughters, Barbara and Lynn. In 1946 Stevens won a seat on the Oakland Park City Council, and ran for the Broward County Commission. He served as that City's Mayor from 1955 to 1962. Stevens served 16 years on the Broward County Commission and was nicknamed \"Mr. Republican.\" In 1980, Stevens served a two year term on the Florida Senate where he along with State Representative Linda Cox (D-Ft. Lauderdale), passed the Trauma Center Designation bill. Stevens also held other positions throughout his life which included president of the Florida State association of County Commissioners, president appointee for the National Highway and Motor Vehicle Safety Committee, Blue Ribbon Transportation Committee. Stevens was also in the Electoral College for the election of president Eisenhower. He was the Assistant City Manager of Deerfield Beach, Florida from 1983-1986. Stevens also continued to pursue higher education and in 1984 received his Bachelor of Science Degree in Public Administration from Nova University in Davie, Florida. He became City Manager of Parkland, Broward County, Florida from 1986-1988.Outside of politics and education, Stevens was a member of the J.D. Hawkins Lodge in Oakland Park, and served as grandmaster of the 33rd Scottish Rite. J. W. \"Bill\" Stevens died on March 19, 2010, in Fort Walton Beach, FL."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJ. W. \"Bill\" Stevens Collection, Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["J. W. \"Bill\" Stevens Collection, Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection received file level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection received file level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://digitalarchives.broward.org/digital/collection/p16146coll42\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eView a selection of digitized materials from the J. W. \"Bill\" Stevens Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["View a selection of digitized materials from the J. W. \"Bill\" Stevens Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe J. W. \"Bill\" Stevens Collection contains photographs, correspondence, printed material and clippings documenting James Williams (J. W. \"Bill\") Stevens's career as mayor of Oakland Park, Florida as well as his tenure as state senator. Personal photographs and correspondence are also included in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The J. W. \"Bill\" Stevens Collection contains photographs, correspondence, printed material and clippings documenting James Williams (J. W. \"Bill\") Stevens's career as mayor of Oakland Park, Florida as well as his tenure as state senator. Personal photographs and correspondence are also included in the collection."],"names_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives","J. W. Stevens (James William \"Bill\")"],"corpname_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives"],"persname_ssim":["J. W. Stevens (James William \"Bill\")"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":159,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1873196202288218112,"_root_":"1efe7df8e9cb3317e5aad19c","timestamp":"2026-08-11T03:31:47.707Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/1efe7df8e9cb3317e5aad19c_aspace_ec39cd01d66f0479e098afc7139948bc"}},{"id":"9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8_aspace_f2c9ae61eb7f74d31c291b216dce2476","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Credenciales y recomendaciones de Angel González Fernández, 1961-1964","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8_aspace_f2c9ae61eb7f74d31c291b216dce2476#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_f2c9ae61eb7f74d31c291b216dce2476","ref_ssm":["aspace_f2c9ae61eb7f74d31c291b216dce2476","aspace_f2c9ae61eb7f74d31c291b216dce2476"],"id":"9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8_aspace_f2c9ae61eb7f74d31c291b216dce2476","title_filing_ssi":"Credenciales y recomendaciones de Angel González Fernández","title_ssm":["Credenciales y recomendaciones de Angel González Fernández"],"title_tesim":["Credenciales y recomendaciones de Angel González Fernández"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1961-1964"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1961-1964"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Credenciales y recomendaciones de Angel González Fernández, 1961-1964"],"text":["Credenciales y recomendaciones de Angel González Fernández, 1961-1964","Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975","Series I: Published Materials","Box 2 - Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil de Cuba (DRE)","12","/repositories/2/archival_objects/79189","Spanish; Castilian","Box 2","folder 12"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8","9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8_aspace_427d17a15995ff9e2faef70d6aa60f6e","9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8_aspace_db717a9dca216c93060e89e4189561ef"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975","Series I: Published Materials","Box 2 - Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil de Cuba (DRE)"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975","Series I: Published Materials","Box 2 - Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil de Cuba (DRE)"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Box 2"],"unitid_ssm":["12","/repositories/2/archival_objects/79189"],"repository_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":56,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"date_range_isim":[1961,1962,1963,1964],"language_ssim":["Spanish; Castilian"],"containers_ssim":["Box 2","folder 12"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1/components#11","_nest_parent_":"9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8_aspace_db717a9dca216c93060e89e4189561ef","_root_":"9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8","_version_":1870844454512885760,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T04:31:46.251Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8","title_ssm":["Cuban Archives"],"title_tesim":["Cuban Archives"],"ead_ssi":"9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8","unitdate_ssm":["1786-1989","1960-1975"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1960-1975"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1786-1989"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SPC2000","/repositories/2/resources/114"],"text":["SPC2000","/repositories/2/resources/114","Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into three Series: ","Series I: Published Materials\nSeries II: Visual/Audio Materials\nSeries III: Oversized Materials","La colección incluye periódicos, correspondencia, documentos oficiales y papeles personales sobre el comunismo, con un enfoque en las Américas. La mayor parte de la colección se centra en los exiliados cubanos del regimen de Fidel Castro, y se incluyen noticias internacionales sobre el comunismo. Adicionalmente, la colección incluye documentos del Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil en México y su organizaciones aliadas, con documentos personales de líderes de la DRE como Ángel Fernández González. La mayor parte de los ducumentos incluídos en la colleccion estan en español.","The collection includes newspapers, correspondences, official documents, and personal papers of the effects of Communism particularly in the Americas. Majority of the collection focuses on Cuban exiles, with international news regarding Communism being included. Additionally, the collection includes documents from the Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil in Mexico and allied organizations, with personal documents from leaders of the DRE such as Angel Fernandez Gonzalez. The majority of the document in the collection is in Spanish.","Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general","FIU Special Collections","La gran mayoría de esta colección está en español, con solo unos artículos en inglés, portugués brasileño o alemán.\n\nThe vast majority of this collection is in Spanish, with only a few items in either English, Brazilian Portuguese, or German."],"unitid_tesim":["SPC2000","/repositories/2/resources/114"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975"],"collection_title_tesim":["Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975"],"collection_ssim":["Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975"],"repository_ssm":["FIU Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"access_terms_ssm":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["8 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into three Series: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Published Materials\nSeries II: Visual/Audio Materials\nSeries III: Oversized Materials\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into three Series: ","Series I: Published Materials\nSeries II: Visual/Audio Materials\nSeries III: Oversized Materials"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLa colecci\u0026#xF3;n incluye peri\u0026#xF3;dicos, correspondencia, documentos oficiales y papeles personales sobre el comunismo, con un enfoque en las Am\u0026#xE9;ricas. 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Additionally, the collection includes documents from the Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil in Mexico and allied organizations, with personal documents from leaders of the DRE such as Angel Fernandez Gonzalez. The majority of the document in the collection is in Spanish.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["La colección incluye periódicos, correspondencia, documentos oficiales y papeles personales sobre el comunismo, con un enfoque en las Américas. La mayor parte de la colección se centra en los exiliados cubanos del regimen de Fidel Castro, y se incluyen noticias internacionales sobre el comunismo. Adicionalmente, la colección incluye documentos del Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil en México y su organizaciones aliadas, con documentos personales de líderes de la DRE como Ángel Fernández González. La mayor parte de los ducumentos incluídos en la colleccion estan en español.","The collection includes newspapers, correspondences, official documents, and personal papers of the effects of Communism particularly in the Americas. Majority of the collection focuses on Cuban exiles, with international news regarding Communism being included. Additionally, the collection includes documents from the Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil in Mexico and allied organizations, with personal documents from leaders of the DRE such as Angel Fernandez Gonzalez. The majority of the document in the collection is in Spanish."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections \u0026amp; University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"names_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["La gran mayoría de esta colección está en español, con solo unos artículos en inglés, portugués brasileño o alemán.\n\nThe vast majority of this collection is in Spanish, with only a few items in either English, Brazilian Portuguese, or German."],"total_component_count_is":369,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870844454512885760,"_root_":"9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8","timestamp":"2026-07-16T04:31:46.251Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8_aspace_f2c9ae61eb7f74d31c291b216dce2476"}},{"id":"9103edeb73f113d6780867e7","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Creek Indian Project Records, 1817-1981, Date acquired: 06/00/1981, bulk 1950-1981","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/9103edeb73f113d6780867e7#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Dysart, Jane."],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/9103edeb73f113d6780867e7#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eRecords and papers pertaining to the Creek Indians of Northwest Florida, collected by the University of West Florida faculty members, Jane Dysart and Lucius Ellsworth, as part of a grant project. Records include research bibliographies and research publications dealing with the history of the Creek Indians from earliest settlement to 1980, census records, claims made to the federal government in 1906 and 1957, a newspaper index of materials about the Creeks in Northwest Florida (1950-1980), records about the efforts toward formal recognition, and oral histories of Creek Indians of Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/9103edeb73f113d6780867e7#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"9103edeb73f113d6780867e7","title_ssm":["Creek Indian Project Records"],"title_tesim":["Creek Indian Project Records"],"ead_ssi":"9103edeb73f113d6780867e7","unitdate_ssm":["1817-1981","1950-1981","Date acquired: 06/00/1981"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1950-1981"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1817-1981"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 06/00/1981"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M1981-07","/repositories/2/resources/158"],"text":["M1981-07","/repositories/2/resources/158","Creek Indian Project Records, 1817-1981, Date acquired: 06/00/1981, bulk 1950-1981","Creek Indians--Florida.","Indexes (reference sources)--Florida.","Bibliographies--Florida.","Census records--Florida.","Oral histories--Florida.","Open to researchers, dependent on our compliance with U.S. Copyright Law, HIPPA requirements, donor agreements and other applicable state and federal statutes.  Occasionally we may need to review a collection before permitting immediate access.","Revised 02/21/1985","Revised 07/12/1983","Cataloged 12/18/1981","Records and papers pertaining to the Creek Indians of Northwest Florida, collected by the University of West Florida faculty members, Jane Dysart and Lucius Ellsworth, as part of a grant project.  Records include research bibliographies and research publications dealing with the history of the Creek Indians from earliest settlement to 1980, census records, claims made to the federal government in 1906 and 1957, a newspaper index of materials about the Creeks in Northwest Florida (1950-1980), records about the efforts toward formal recognition, and oral histories of Creek Indians of Florida.","A detailed inventory of the oral histories, narrators, and subjects is available.","Digital photography, scanning, and photocopying of materials is prohibited.  Permission may be granted by the Special Collections Librarian for such reprography dependent on issues of copyright, ownership, condition, donor agreements, etc.  In general, staff do not make reproductions of copyright materials or materials for which title is not owned by the institution.  Recent revisions in the U.S. Copyright Law extended the copyright of correspondence, letters, and other personal papers to the life of the author plus seventy years.","Special Collections does not have signed releases for all of the oral history tapes.","UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center","Dysart, Jane.","Ellsworth, Lucius F.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M1981-07","/repositories/2/resources/158"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1817-1981, Date acquired: 06/00/1981, bulk 1950-1981"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Creek Indian Project Records, 1817-1981, Date acquired: 06/00/1981, bulk 1950-1981"],"collection_title_tesim":["Creek Indian Project Records, 1817-1981, Date acquired: 06/00/1981, bulk 1950-1981"],"collection_ssim":["Creek Indian Project Records, 1817-1981, Date acquired: 06/00/1981, bulk 1950-1981"],"repository_ssm":["UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center"],"repository_ssim":["UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center"],"creator_ssm":["Dysart, Jane.","Ellsworth, Lucius F."],"creator_ssim":["Dysart, Jane.","Ellsworth, Lucius F."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Dysart, Jane.","Ellsworth, Lucius F."],"creators_ssim":["Dysart, Jane.","Ellsworth, Lucius F."],"access_terms_ssm":["Digital photography, scanning, and photocopying of materials is prohibited.  Permission may be granted by the Special Collections Librarian for such reprography dependent on issues of copyright, ownership, condition, donor agreements, etc.  In general, staff do not make reproductions of copyright materials or materials for which title is not owned by the institution.  Recent revisions in the U.S. Copyright Law extended the copyright of correspondence, letters, and other personal papers to the life of the author plus seventy years.","Special Collections does not have signed releases for all of the oral history tapes."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Dr. Jane Dysart and Dr. Lucius Ellsworth, June 1981"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Creek Indians--Florida.","Indexes (reference sources)--Florida.","Bibliographies--Florida.","Census records--Florida.","Oral histories--Florida."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Creek Indians--Florida.","Indexes (reference sources)--Florida.","Bibliographies--Florida.","Census records--Florida.","Oral histories--Florida."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1096.00 items"],"extent_tesim":["1096.00 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Indexes (reference sources)--Florida.","Bibliographies--Florida.","Census records--Florida.","Oral histories--Florida."],"date_range_isim":[1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers, dependent on our compliance with U.S. Copyright Law, HIPPA requirements, donor agreements and other applicable state and federal statutes.  Occasionally we may need to review a collection before permitting immediate access.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers, dependent on our compliance with U.S. Copyright Law, HIPPA requirements, donor agreements and other applicable state and federal statutes.  Occasionally we may need to review a collection before permitting immediate access."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRevised 02/21/1985\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRevised 07/12/1983\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCataloged 12/18/1981\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Revised 02/21/1985","Revised 07/12/1983","Cataloged 12/18/1981"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords and papers pertaining to the Creek Indians of Northwest Florida, collected by the University of West Florida faculty members, Jane Dysart and Lucius Ellsworth, as part of a grant project.  Records include research bibliographies and research publications dealing with the history of the Creek Indians from earliest settlement to 1980, census records, claims made to the federal government in 1906 and 1957, a newspaper index of materials about the Creeks in Northwest Florida (1950-1980), records about the efforts toward formal recognition, and oral histories of Creek Indians of Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA detailed inventory of the oral histories, narrators, and subjects is available.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Records and papers pertaining to the Creek Indians of Northwest Florida, collected by the University of West Florida faculty members, Jane Dysart and Lucius Ellsworth, as part of a grant project.  Records include research bibliographies and research publications dealing with the history of the Creek Indians from earliest settlement to 1980, census records, claims made to the federal government in 1906 and 1957, a newspaper index of materials about the Creeks in Northwest Florida (1950-1980), records about the efforts toward formal recognition, and oral histories of Creek Indians of Florida.","A detailed inventory of the oral histories, narrators, and subjects is available."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigital photography, scanning, and photocopying of materials is prohibited.  Permission may be granted by the Special Collections Librarian for such reprography dependent on issues of copyright, ownership, condition, donor agreements, etc.  In general, staff do not make reproductions of copyright materials or materials for which title is not owned by the institution.  Recent revisions in the U.S. Copyright Law extended the copyright of correspondence, letters, and other personal papers to the life of the author plus seventy years.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections does not have signed releases for all of the oral history tapes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Digital photography, scanning, and photocopying of materials is prohibited.  Permission may be granted by the Special Collections Librarian for such reprography dependent on issues of copyright, ownership, condition, donor agreements, etc.  In general, staff do not make reproductions of copyright materials or materials for which title is not owned by the institution.  Recent revisions in the U.S. Copyright Law extended the copyright of correspondence, letters, and other personal papers to the life of the author plus seventy years.","Special Collections does not have signed releases for all of the oral history tapes."],"names_ssim":["UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center","Dysart, Jane.","Ellsworth, Lucius F."],"corpname_ssim":["UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Ellsworth, Lucius F.","Dysart, Jane."],"persname_ssim":["Dysart, Jane.","Ellsworth, Lucius F."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":109,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870863398917373952,"_root_":"9103edeb73f113d6780867e7","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:32:53.050Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"9103edeb73f113d6780867e7","title_ssm":["Creek Indian Project Records"],"title_tesim":["Creek Indian Project Records"],"ead_ssi":"9103edeb73f113d6780867e7","unitdate_ssm":["1817-1981","1950-1981","Date acquired: 06/00/1981"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1950-1981"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1817-1981"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 06/00/1981"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M1981-07","/repositories/2/resources/158"],"text":["M1981-07","/repositories/2/resources/158","Creek Indian Project Records, 1817-1981, Date acquired: 06/00/1981, bulk 1950-1981","Creek Indians--Florida.","Indexes (reference sources)--Florida.","Bibliographies--Florida.","Census records--Florida.","Oral histories--Florida.","Open to researchers, dependent on our compliance with U.S. Copyright Law, HIPPA requirements, donor agreements and other applicable state and federal statutes.  Occasionally we may need to review a collection before permitting immediate access.","Revised 02/21/1985","Revised 07/12/1983","Cataloged 12/18/1981","Records and papers pertaining to the Creek Indians of Northwest Florida, collected by the University of West Florida faculty members, Jane Dysart and Lucius Ellsworth, as part of a grant project.  Records include research bibliographies and research publications dealing with the history of the Creek Indians from earliest settlement to 1980, census records, claims made to the federal government in 1906 and 1957, a newspaper index of materials about the Creeks in Northwest Florida (1950-1980), records about the efforts toward formal recognition, and oral histories of Creek Indians of Florida.","A detailed inventory of the oral histories, narrators, and subjects is available.","Digital photography, scanning, and photocopying of materials is prohibited.  Permission may be granted by the Special Collections Librarian for such reprography dependent on issues of copyright, ownership, condition, donor agreements, etc.  In general, staff do not make reproductions of copyright materials or materials for which title is not owned by the institution.  Recent revisions in the U.S. Copyright Law extended the copyright of correspondence, letters, and other personal papers to the life of the author plus seventy years.","Special Collections does not have signed releases for all of the oral history tapes.","UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center","Dysart, Jane.","Ellsworth, Lucius F.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M1981-07","/repositories/2/resources/158"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1817-1981, Date acquired: 06/00/1981, bulk 1950-1981"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Creek Indian Project Records, 1817-1981, Date acquired: 06/00/1981, bulk 1950-1981"],"collection_title_tesim":["Creek Indian Project Records, 1817-1981, Date acquired: 06/00/1981, bulk 1950-1981"],"collection_ssim":["Creek Indian Project Records, 1817-1981, Date acquired: 06/00/1981, bulk 1950-1981"],"repository_ssm":["UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center"],"repository_ssim":["UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center"],"creator_ssm":["Dysart, Jane.","Ellsworth, Lucius F."],"creator_ssim":["Dysart, Jane.","Ellsworth, Lucius F."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Dysart, Jane.","Ellsworth, Lucius F."],"creators_ssim":["Dysart, Jane.","Ellsworth, Lucius F."],"access_terms_ssm":["Digital photography, scanning, and photocopying of materials is prohibited.  Permission may be granted by the Special Collections Librarian for such reprography dependent on issues of copyright, ownership, condition, donor agreements, etc.  In general, staff do not make reproductions of copyright materials or materials for which title is not owned by the institution.  Recent revisions in the U.S. Copyright Law extended the copyright of correspondence, letters, and other personal papers to the life of the author plus seventy years.","Special Collections does not have signed releases for all of the oral history tapes."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Dr. Jane Dysart and Dr. Lucius Ellsworth, June 1981"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Creek Indians--Florida.","Indexes (reference sources)--Florida.","Bibliographies--Florida.","Census records--Florida.","Oral histories--Florida."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Creek Indians--Florida.","Indexes (reference sources)--Florida.","Bibliographies--Florida.","Census records--Florida.","Oral histories--Florida."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1096.00 items"],"extent_tesim":["1096.00 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Indexes (reference sources)--Florida.","Bibliographies--Florida.","Census records--Florida.","Oral histories--Florida."],"date_range_isim":[1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers, dependent on our compliance with U.S. Copyright Law, HIPPA requirements, donor agreements and other applicable state and federal statutes.  Occasionally we may need to review a collection before permitting immediate access.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers, dependent on our compliance with U.S. Copyright Law, HIPPA requirements, donor agreements and other applicable state and federal statutes.  Occasionally we may need to review a collection before permitting immediate access."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRevised 02/21/1985\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRevised 07/12/1983\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCataloged 12/18/1981\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Revised 02/21/1985","Revised 07/12/1983","Cataloged 12/18/1981"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords and papers pertaining to the Creek Indians of Northwest Florida, collected by the University of West Florida faculty members, Jane Dysart and Lucius Ellsworth, as part of a grant project.  Records include research bibliographies and research publications dealing with the history of the Creek Indians from earliest settlement to 1980, census records, claims made to the federal government in 1906 and 1957, a newspaper index of materials about the Creeks in Northwest Florida (1950-1980), records about the efforts toward formal recognition, and oral histories of Creek Indians of Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA detailed inventory of the oral histories, narrators, and subjects is available.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Records and papers pertaining to the Creek Indians of Northwest Florida, collected by the University of West Florida faculty members, Jane Dysart and Lucius Ellsworth, as part of a grant project.  Records include research bibliographies and research publications dealing with the history of the Creek Indians from earliest settlement to 1980, census records, claims made to the federal government in 1906 and 1957, a newspaper index of materials about the Creeks in Northwest Florida (1950-1980), records about the efforts toward formal recognition, and oral histories of Creek Indians of Florida.","A detailed inventory of the oral histories, narrators, and subjects is available."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigital photography, scanning, and photocopying of materials is prohibited.  Permission may be granted by the Special Collections Librarian for such reprography dependent on issues of copyright, ownership, condition, donor agreements, etc.  In general, staff do not make reproductions of copyright materials or materials for which title is not owned by the institution.  Recent revisions in the U.S. Copyright Law extended the copyright of correspondence, letters, and other personal papers to the life of the author plus seventy years.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections does not have signed releases for all of the oral history tapes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Digital photography, scanning, and photocopying of materials is prohibited.  Permission may be granted by the Special Collections Librarian for such reprography dependent on issues of copyright, ownership, condition, donor agreements, etc.  In general, staff do not make reproductions of copyright materials or materials for which title is not owned by the institution.  Recent revisions in the U.S. Copyright Law extended the copyright of correspondence, letters, and other personal papers to the life of the author plus seventy years.","Special Collections does not have signed releases for all of the oral history tapes."],"names_ssim":["UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center","Dysart, Jane.","Ellsworth, Lucius F."],"corpname_ssim":["UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Ellsworth, Lucius F.","Dysart, Jane."],"persname_ssim":["Dysart, Jane.","Ellsworth, Lucius F."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":109,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870863398917373952,"_root_":"9103edeb73f113d6780867e7","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:32:53.050Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/9103edeb73f113d6780867e7"}},{"id":"32d6bb2d876b7e0004696da0","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Crispen Nissen papers, 1941-1999, Date acquired: 09/10/1998, bulk 1943","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/32d6bb2d876b7e0004696da0#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Nissen, Crispen"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/32d6bb2d876b7e0004696da0#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eCrispen Nissen served as a sergeant in the U.S. Army Air Corps with the 12th and 18th Weather Squadrons during World War II in the United States, England, North Africa, and Italy. This collection includes an original diary Nissen kept from 1941-1942, describing his daily thoughts, experiences, and observations about the general war effort. The collection also includes Vmail and handwritten letters, written by Nissen to his fiancee and future wife, Etrulia Ellis, as well as the letters she sent to him.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/32d6bb2d876b7e0004696da0#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"32d6bb2d876b7e0004696da0","title_ssm":["Crispen Nissen papers"],"title_tesim":["Crispen Nissen papers"],"ead_ssi":"32d6bb2d876b7e0004696da0","unitdate_ssm":["1941-1999","1943","Date acquired: 09/10/1998"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1943"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1941-1999"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 09/10/1998"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["98.0704","/repositories/10/resources/97"],"text":["98.0704","/repositories/10/resources/97","Crispen Nissen papers, 1941-1999, Date acquired: 09/10/1998, bulk 1943","Prisoners of war--Italy","Weather forecasting--History","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations, American","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations, American--Personal narratives","World War, 1939-1945--Prisoners and prisons, Italian","World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American","World War, 1939-1945--Prisoners and prisons, German","World War, 1939-1945--United States","United States. Army Air Forces--Military life","Prisoners of war","World War, 1939-1945--Great Britain","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Africa, North","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","Diary","This collection is open to all researchers.","creator","Crispen Nissen was born in England in 1914.  He entered service on June 19, 1941. He served in England (1942), North Africa (1942) and Italy (1944-1945). Crispen passed away on June 5, 2011, in Greeneville, TN.  During the war, he married his girlfriend Etrulia Ellis to whom Nissen corresponded. The letters written by Nissen reflect The letters detail their feelings for one another, their day-to-day experiences, and their plans for after the war. The letters also include much detail on Camp Life and Italian POWs in his area. A one-page \"Veteran Questionnaire\" completed by Nissen provides some information about his time of service.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","Crispen Nissen served as a sergeant in the U.S. Army Air Corps with the 12th and 18th Weather Squadrons during World War II in the United States, England, North Africa, and Italy. This collection includes an original diary Nissen kept from 1941-1942, describing his daily thoughts, experiences, and observations about the general war effort. The collection also includes Vmail and handwritten letters, written by Nissen to his fiancee and future wife, Etrulia Ellis, as well as the letters she sent to him.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Air Weather Service","United States. 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The collection also includes Vmail and handwritten letters, written by Nissen to his fiancee and future wife, Etrulia Ellis, as well as the letters she sent to him."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. 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Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Subject Files, 1880-2003.","Pineapple., 1907-2000.","Designs, 1945-1985","Folder 1","/repositories/4/archival_objects/33712","box 61","folder 1"],"component_level_isim":[4],"parent_ids_ssim":["4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52621","4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52914","4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52929"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Subject Files, 1880-2003.","Pineapple., 1907-2000.","Designs, 1945-1985"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Subject Files, 1880-2003.","Pineapple., 1907-2000.","Designs, 1945-1985"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries","File"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 1","/repositories/4/archival_objects/33712"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":1489,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n\n  Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence\n  Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"\n"],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961],"containers_ssim":["box 61","folder 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#136/components#10/components#0","_nest_parent_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52929","_root_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:53:59.490Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","title_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection"],"title_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection"],"ead_ssi":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","unitdate_ssm":["1754-2014"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1754-2014"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148"],"text":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148","Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Marineland (Fla.)","Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)","The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"","The collection is divided into eight series by type of file.","Michael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004.","Materials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023.","A large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library  Online Catalog .  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling  and the  Henry Nehrling Papers  are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the  Harry P. Leu Gardens . The  Henry Nehrling Collection  and the  Theodore L. Mead Collection  are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the  Smithsonian Institution Archives .","Series I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.","\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.","\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.","\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.","\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.","\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.","\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.","\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder.","Michael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here.","UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society","Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1754-2014"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"collection_title_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"collection_ssim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"creator_ssm":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creator_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creators_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"places_ssim":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Some of these materials were donated to and others were purchased by the University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives from Michael A. Spencer in 2006 (CFM2006_09), 2011 (CFM2011_02), 2012 (CFM2012_10), and 2014 (CFM2014_01)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["130 Linear Feet 259 boxes, 2 flat files"],"extent_tesim":["130 Linear Feet 259 boxes, 2 flat files"],"genreform_ssim":["botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"date_range_isim":[1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBoxes 180-181: Personal correspondence\u003c/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBoxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\""],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into eight series by type of file.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into eight series by type of file."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Materials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library \u003cextref href=\"https://library.ucf.edu\"\u003eOnline Catalog\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08c\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally\u003c/extref\u003e, \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08b\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead\u003c/extref\u003e, \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08a\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling\u003c/extref\u003e and the \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM1999-03\"\u003eHenry Nehrling Papers\u003c/extref\u003e are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the \u003cextref href=\"http://www.leugardens.org/\"\u003eHarry P. Leu Gardens\u003c/extref\u003e. The \u003cextref href=\"https://aspace.rollins.edu/repositories/2/resources/4\"\u003eHenry Nehrling Collection\u003c/extref\u003e and the \u003cextref href=\"https://aspace.rollins.edu/repositories/2/resources/97\"\u003eTheodore L. Mead Collection\u003c/extref\u003e are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the \u003cextref href=\"http://siarchives.si.edu/\"\u003eSmithsonian Institution Archives\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["A large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library  Online Catalog .  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling  and the  Henry Nehrling Papers  are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the  Harry P. Leu Gardens . The  Henry Nehrling Collection  and the  Theodore L. Mead Collection  are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the  Smithsonian Institution Archives ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.","\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.","\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.","\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.","\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.","\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.","\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.","\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Copyright Statement"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8e33310d6b1a70e4d88f1e2d3043cf71\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here."],"names_coll_ssim":["Bromeliad Society","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society","Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society"],"persname_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3662,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:53:59.490Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52931"}},{"id":"9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8_aspace_7e519254b6605ccb9794744344f610f0","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Cronología – La lucha religiosa en la Cuba de Castro, 1959-1961","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8_aspace_7e519254b6605ccb9794744344f610f0#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_7e519254b6605ccb9794744344f610f0","ref_ssm":["aspace_7e519254b6605ccb9794744344f610f0","aspace_7e519254b6605ccb9794744344f610f0"],"id":"9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8_aspace_7e519254b6605ccb9794744344f610f0","title_filing_ssi":"Cronología – La lucha religiosa en la Cuba de Castro ","title_ssm":["Cronología – La lucha religiosa en la Cuba de Castro "],"title_tesim":["Cronología – La lucha religiosa en la Cuba de Castro "],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1959-1961"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1959-1961"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cronología – La lucha religiosa en la Cuba de Castro, 1959-1961"],"text":["Cronología – La lucha religiosa en la Cuba de Castro, 1959-1961","Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975","Series I: Published Materials","Box 5","35","/repositories/2/archival_objects/79088","Spanish; Castilian","Box 5","folder 35"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8","9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8_aspace_427d17a15995ff9e2faef70d6aa60f6e","9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8_aspace_c63f40c149890bbd416d68c53c722300"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975","Series I: Published Materials","Box 5"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975","Series I: Published Materials","Box 5"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Box 5"],"unitid_ssm":["35","/repositories/2/archival_objects/79088"],"repository_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":209,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"date_range_isim":[1959,1960,1961],"language_ssim":["Spanish; Castilian"],"containers_ssim":["Box 5","folder 35"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#4/components#34","_nest_parent_":"9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8_aspace_c63f40c149890bbd416d68c53c722300","_root_":"9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8","_version_":1870844454512885760,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T04:31:46.251Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8","title_ssm":["Cuban Archives"],"title_tesim":["Cuban Archives"],"ead_ssi":"9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8","unitdate_ssm":["1786-1989","1960-1975"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1960-1975"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1786-1989"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SPC2000","/repositories/2/resources/114"],"text":["SPC2000","/repositories/2/resources/114","Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into three Series: ","Series I: Published Materials\nSeries II: Visual/Audio Materials\nSeries III: Oversized Materials","La colección incluye periódicos, correspondencia, documentos oficiales y papeles personales sobre el comunismo, con un enfoque en las Américas. La mayor parte de la colección se centra en los exiliados cubanos del regimen de Fidel Castro, y se incluyen noticias internacionales sobre el comunismo. Adicionalmente, la colección incluye documentos del Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil en México y su organizaciones aliadas, con documentos personales de líderes de la DRE como Ángel Fernández González. La mayor parte de los ducumentos incluídos en la colleccion estan en español.","The collection includes newspapers, correspondences, official documents, and personal papers of the effects of Communism particularly in the Americas. Majority of the collection focuses on Cuban exiles, with international news regarding Communism being included. Additionally, the collection includes documents from the Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil in Mexico and allied organizations, with personal documents from leaders of the DRE such as Angel Fernandez Gonzalez. The majority of the document in the collection is in Spanish.","Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general","FIU Special Collections","La gran mayoría de esta colección está en español, con solo unos artículos en inglés, portugués brasileño o alemán.\n\nThe vast majority of this collection is in Spanish, with only a few items in either English, Brazilian Portuguese, or German."],"unitid_tesim":["SPC2000","/repositories/2/resources/114"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975"],"collection_title_tesim":["Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975"],"collection_ssim":["Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975"],"repository_ssm":["FIU Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"access_terms_ssm":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["8 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into three Series: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Published Materials\nSeries II: Visual/Audio Materials\nSeries III: Oversized Materials\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into three Series: ","Series I: Published Materials\nSeries II: Visual/Audio Materials\nSeries III: Oversized Materials"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLa colecci\u0026#xF3;n incluye peri\u0026#xF3;dicos, correspondencia, documentos oficiales y papeles personales sobre el comunismo, con un enfoque en las Am\u0026#xE9;ricas. La mayor parte de la colecci\u0026#xF3;n se centra en los exiliados cubanos del regimen de Fidel Castro, y se incluyen noticias internacionales sobre el comunismo. Adicionalmente, la colecci\u0026#xF3;n incluye documentos del Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil en M\u0026#xE9;xico y su organizaciones aliadas, con documentos personales de l\u0026#xED;deres de la DRE como \u0026#xC1;ngel Fern\u0026#xE1;ndez Gonz\u0026#xE1;lez. La mayor parte de los ducumentos inclu\u0026#xED;dos en la colleccion estan en espa\u0026#xF1;ol.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes newspapers, correspondences, official documents, and personal papers of the effects of Communism particularly in the Americas. Majority of the collection focuses on Cuban exiles, with international news regarding Communism being included. Additionally, the collection includes documents from the Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil in Mexico and allied organizations, with personal documents from leaders of the DRE such as Angel Fernandez Gonzalez. The majority of the document in the collection is in Spanish.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["La colección incluye periódicos, correspondencia, documentos oficiales y papeles personales sobre el comunismo, con un enfoque en las Américas. La mayor parte de la colección se centra en los exiliados cubanos del regimen de Fidel Castro, y se incluyen noticias internacionales sobre el comunismo. Adicionalmente, la colección incluye documentos del Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil en México y su organizaciones aliadas, con documentos personales de líderes de la DRE como Ángel Fernández González. La mayor parte de los ducumentos incluídos en la colleccion estan en español.","The collection includes newspapers, correspondences, official documents, and personal papers of the effects of Communism particularly in the Americas. Majority of the collection focuses on Cuban exiles, with international news regarding Communism being included. Additionally, the collection includes documents from the Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil in Mexico and allied organizations, with personal documents from leaders of the DRE such as Angel Fernandez Gonzalez. The majority of the document in the collection is in Spanish."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections \u0026amp; University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"names_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["La gran mayoría de esta colección está en español, con solo unos artículos en inglés, portugués brasileño o alemán.\n\nThe vast majority of this collection is in Spanish, with only a few items in either English, Brazilian Portuguese, or German."],"total_component_count_is":369,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870844454512885760,"_root_":"9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8","timestamp":"2026-07-16T04:31:46.251Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8_aspace_7e519254b6605ccb9794744344f610f0"}},{"id":"7e7730d0a16959bd1212da48_aspace_70761","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Crosses of Military Service, Circa 1923-1968","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/7e7730d0a16959bd1212da48_aspace_70761#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_70761","ref_ssm":["aspace_70761","aspace_70761"],"id":"7e7730d0a16959bd1212da48_aspace_70761","title_filing_ssi":"Crosses of Military Service","title_ssm":["Crosses of Military Service"],"title_tesim":["Crosses of Military Service"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 1923-1968"],"normalized_date_ssm":["Circa 1923-1968"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Crosses of Military Service, Circa 1923-1968"],"text":["Crosses of Military Service, Circa 1923-1968","United Daughters of the Confederacy Medal Collection, 1899-1968","United Daughters of the Confederacy Medal Collection, Circa 1899-1968","Sub-Series 3","/repositories/4/archival_objects/3682"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["7e7730d0a16959bd1212da48","7e7730d0a16959bd1212da48_aspace_70757"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["United Daughters of the Confederacy Medal Collection, 1899-1968","United Daughters of the Confederacy Medal Collection, Circa 1899-1968"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["United Daughters of the Confederacy Medal Collection, 1899-1968","United Daughters of the Confederacy Medal Collection, Circa 1899-1968"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["Sub-Series 3","/repositories/4/archival_objects/3682"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["United Daughters of the Confederacy Medal Collection, 1899-1968"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":5,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":4,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#2","_nest_parent_":"7e7730d0a16959bd1212da48_aspace_70757","_root_":"7e7730d0a16959bd1212da48","timestamp":"2026-07-08T02:56:07.473Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"7e7730d0a16959bd1212da48","title_ssm":["United Daughters of the Confederacy Medal Collection"],"title_tesim":["United Daughters of the Confederacy Medal Collection"],"ead_ssi":"7e7730d0a16959bd1212da48","unitdate_ssm":["1899-1968"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1899-1968"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.015","/repositories/4/resources/14"],"text":["SC.015","/repositories/4/resources/14","United Daughters of the Confederacy Medal Collection, 1899-1968","Philippines -- History -- Philippine American War, 1899-1902","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Korean War, 1950-1953","Veterans--Confederate States of America","World War, 1914-1918 -- Medals, badges, decorations, etc.","World War, 1939-1945 -- Medals, badges, decorations, etc.","Vietnam War, 1961-1975 -- Medals","The entire collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged in the same way it was originally displayed in the shadow box.","Mrs. Mary Ann Lamar Erwin, the wife of Confederate Captain Alexander S. Erwin, was inspired by the July 20-23, 1898 Confederate Reunion at Atlanta, Georgia to honor Confederate veterans for their service. Mrs. Erwin and Mrs. Sarah E. Gabbett are credited with designing the Southern Cross of Honor. Charles W. Crankshaw of Atlanta, Georgia was chosen as the manufacturer. Crankshaw was a reputable jeweler in the Atlanta region, but he subcontracted Schwaab Stamp \u0026 Seal Company of Milwaukee, Wisconsin to meet the order of 12,500 medals. The crosses that bore Crankshaw's name were actually struck by Schwaab. The medal was presented at the Sixth United Daughters of the Confederacy Convention in 1899. The first cross was bestowed to Captain Alexander S. Erwin on April 26, 1900. Later, the United Daughters of the Confederacy fired the Schwaab Stamp \u0026 Seal Company for striking the 1902-1903 convention badges that appropriated much of the Cross of Honor design without authorization. In 1904, the Daughters hired The Whitehead \u0026 Hoag Company of Newark, New Jersey to produce the medal. In all, 78,761 were produced from 1900 to 1959. The medal in the collection is one from the Crankshaw-Schwaab era (1900-1903), but it may be among the first medals because it has a pinback. It was a feature among the first medals struck.","The badge that commemorates the Twenty-Fourth Annual Reunion of United Confederate Veterans was presented to those who attended the event that took place between May 6-8, 1914 at Jacksonville, Florida. It was produced by the The Whitehead \u0026 Hoag Company of Newark, New Jersey.","\nIn 1918, World War I began and the United Daughters of the Confederacy entered into War Relief work. It was asked of each chapter keep records of all those of Confederate lineage who had enlisted in WWI as in hopes of one day honoring their service. During the Twenty-Fifth Annual Meeting that was held between April 1-5, 1919 in Louisville, Kentucky, Mary B. Poppenheim, the President-General of the United Daughters of the Confederacy, suggested a committee be created. Its purpose would be to explore the \"practicability\" of awarding veterans of the American Expeditionary Forces that were descendants of Confederates \"a suitable medal\" that was comparable to the Southern Cross of Honor. The suggestion was given to her by Major Wallace Streater, an officer in the A.E.F. of Confederate descent. The Convention adopted the resolution and the motion was carried.","\nThe Committee on Insignia for Confederate Descendants of the World War was created at the Twenty Fifth Convention and Mrs. W.B. Scarborough became the head of the committee. They would make their first report at a convention at Tampa, Florida on November 15, 1919. At the Twenty-Seventh Annual Meeting that was held from November 8-12, 1921 at St. Louis, Missouri, the Committee was tasked to find an artist for the medal. At the Twenty-Eighth Annual Meeting that was held from November 14-18, 1922 at Birmingham, Alabama, the Committee reported that they had taken the recommendation from the Numismatic Society of New York to select Chester Beach to design the medal and the Convention approved the motion. The Committee was authorized to order of 5,000 medals. The Medallic Art Company in New York was chosen to produce the orders.","\nThursday afternoon, November 22, 1923, a cross marked by a circle as its number, was placed on the tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Arlington, and that same evening the first two were presented to Major General Robert Lee Bullard and to Major Wallace Streater.","\nDuring Thirty-Third Annual Convention that took place in Richmond, Virginia from November 16-20, 1926, Ms. Mary Lou Gordon White of Tennessee suggested veterans of the Spanish-American War have an award similar to the Cross of Military Service with similar guidelines. At the Thirty-Fourth Annual Convention held in Charleston, South Carolina from November 15 to 19, 1927, the idea was formally approved by the Executive Committee. At the Thirty-Fifth Annual Convention held from November 20-24, 1928 at Houston, Texas, a committee was approved to prepare the rules of bestowal and recommend a design of the medal.","\nMrs. Julia N. Streater, wife of Major Wallace Streater, was the chairman of the committee and submitted a report at the Thirty-Sixth Annual Convention that was held from November 19-23, 1929 at Biloxi, Mississippi. Mrs. Streater's report stated they had consulted Major A. H. Dondero of the U.S. Army Officers Reserve Corps on the design of the medal and estimated that there were 5,000 to 6,000 eligible veterans. The Committee report also suggested that veterans of the \"Cuban Pacification\" and the \"Philippine Insurrection\" be accommodated for their service. After a small debate on whether to include the \"Cuban Pacification\" and \"Philippine Insurrection\" for the same decoration or not, the report and its recommendation were adopted, seconded, and carried by the Convention.","\nAt the Thirty-Seventh Annual Convention that was held from November 18-22, 1930 at Asheville, North Carolina, The Committee submitted a report that advised separate medals be created for the Philippine Insurrection and/or the Cuban Pacification veterans after consultations with experts. The Convention adopted these recommendations and 200 Philippine Insurrection Crosses of Military Service were ordered. The Medallic Art Company produced the crosses. The very first recipient was Major J. Russell Ingram of Florida at the Thirty-Eighth Annual Convention at Jacksonville, Florida in November 17-21, 1931.","\nAt the Forty-Ninth Annual Convention held at St. Louis, Missouri from November 4-6, 1942, President-General Eloise W. Wright recommended a committee be created for the purpose creating a medal for veterans of the Second World War who were descendants of Confederates. Mrs. McFarland of Texas moved the recommendation for adoption, seconded by Mrs. Merchant, and the recommendation was carried.\n    \n    \nDuring the Fiftieth Annual Convention that took place from November 18-21, 1943 at Columbus, Ohio, the Chairman of the Committee for Securing a Military Cross for World War No. 2, Mrs. Katherine Robinson Everett, reported she had contacted Chester A. Beach regarding the design of the medal and Clyde C. Trees, the president of Medallic Art Company, regarding the production of the medal. Mrs. Merchant motioned for the recommendation of Mr. Beach's design, the Medallic Art Company produce the medal, and obtaining permission by the U.S. Government to produce the medal as the allocation of metals were for the war effort. After an argument between members at the convention regarding the medal, Mrs. Woodbury moved the decision be made at a future date and Mrs. Merchant withdrew her recommendation. Mrs. Schuyler seconded Mrs. Woodbury's motion and it was carried.","\nDuring the Fifty-First Annual Convention that took place from November 21-24, 1944 at Nashville, Tennessee, President-General Mary Hadley Woodard reported the past difficulties to unable to produce Crosses of Military Service due to restrictions on the use of metals by the Federal government because of the allocation of metals to be used for the war effort. Mrs. Woodard was confident with the war's end \"imminent,\" restrictions would be lifted. Mrs. Everett, Chairman of the Committee on Cross of Military Service - World War No. 2, reported six design choices for the cross and the recommendation of Chester A. Beach as well as sculptor Roger Noble Burnham to use the Medallic Art Company to produce the cross. It was decided that the Committee and the Executive Board choose the design.","\nDuring the Fifty-Second Annual Convention that took place from November 21-23, 1945 at Houston, Texas, President-General Woodard reported with regulations lifted on metals on July 1, 1945, negotiations with the Medallic Art Company began with order of 5,000 medals. However, the company reported back with there would be delay due to the need for materials to produce the medals. A sketch of the final design of the cross was available for viewing at the convention. During the Fifty-Third Annual Convention that took place from November 18-23, 1946 at Jackson, Mississippi, Mrs. Cecil Brawley Long, Custodian of Crosses of Honor and Service, reported distribution of the crosses had begun and Lieutenant Commander Spencer Downs Wright was the first recipient.","\nDuring the Fifty-Eighth Annual Convention that took place November 7-9, 1951, in Asheville, North Carolina, Recorder-General of Crosses of Honor and Service Liza Ellen Carpenter recommended the Medallic Art Company be authorized to set aside bronze for 3,000 Korean War Crosses of Military Service. At the Fifty-Ninth Annual Convention that took place November 9-13, 1952 in Biloxi, Mississippi, this recommendation was changed from 3,000 to 1,000 and be ordered in lots of 250 twice a year. This extended the final payment to two years from the first shipment. The recommendation was seconded and adopted. At the Sixtieth Annual Convention that took place November 8-12, 1953 in Washington, D.C., the first cross was given to Captain James Cornelius Ruddell, Jr., and was awarded posthumously.","\nThe Vietnam Cross was presented for the first time in 1968 at the Annual Convention in Richmond, Virginia. The first three crosses were presented to General William C. Westmoreland, Lieutenant Colonel John L. Heiss, III, and to Major James Ewell Brown Stuart, IV.","The set of medals were donated by the United Daughters of the Confederacy Jefferson Davis Chapter No. 2173 by President Mrs. Gwen Hadden, and Mrs. Robert E. Drake, the Recorder of Crosses, to the University of Central Florida Associate Dean of Library Development, Dr. W. Rex Brown, and the University of Central Florida Director of Libraries, Anne Marie Allison, during a presentation ceremony that took place May 24, 1988 at the University of Central Florida Library Special Collections Room.","The medals were placed in a shadow box that included incscriptions of the medals. In 2017, Book Conservator Christopher Saclolo removed the medals from the shadow box and the medals were transferred to a more archival appropriate box. The finding aid was created by Steven Trelstad in 2017.","African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1794-2010","William D. Chapman Collection, 1865, 1975","John O. Moench Collection, Circa 1861-1865","United Daughters of the Confederacy Medal Collection, Circa 1899-1968, consists of a set of bronze medals donated by the Jefferson Davis Chapter No. 2173 of the United Daughters of the Confederacy that include the Southern Cross of Honor, five Crosses of Military Service from World War I to the Vietnam War, and a badge from the Twenty-Fourth Annual Convention of the United Confederate Veterans.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","The collection contains six bronze medals and one badge from the United Daughters of the Confederacy. The medals were created to honor either Confederate veterans for their service in the Confederate Armed Forces or their descendants who served in the United States military during the Philippine Insurrection (1899-1902), World War I (1917-1918), World War II (1941-1945), the Korean War (1950-1953), and the Vietnam War (1955-1975). The badge commemorates the Twenty-Fourth Annual United Confederate Veterans Reunion in 1914 and was given those in attendance.","UCF Special Collections","United Confederate Veterans","United Daughters of the Confederacy. Jefferson Davis Chapter No. 2173 (Orlando, Fla.)","United Daughters of the Confederacy -- Medals","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC.015","/repositories/4/resources/14"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1899-1968"],"normalized_title_ssm":["United Daughters of the Confederacy Medal Collection, 1899-1968"],"collection_title_tesim":["United Daughters of the Confederacy Medal Collection, 1899-1968"],"collection_ssim":["United Daughters of the Confederacy Medal Collection, 1899-1968"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Philippines -- History -- Philippine American War, 1899-1902","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["Philippines -- History -- Philippine American War, 1899-1902","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["Philippines -- History -- Philippine American War, 1899-1902","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Jefferson Davis Chapter No. 2173 of the United Daughters of the Confederacy donated these materials to the University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives in 1988 (CFM1988_01)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Korean War, 1950-1953","Veterans--Confederate States of America","World War, 1914-1918 -- Medals, badges, decorations, etc.","World War, 1939-1945 -- Medals, badges, decorations, etc.","Vietnam War, 1961-1975 -- Medals"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Korean War, 1950-1953","Veterans--Confederate States of America","World War, 1914-1918 -- Medals, badges, decorations, etc.","World War, 1939-1945 -- Medals, badges, decorations, etc.","Vietnam War, 1961-1975 -- Medals"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.25 Linear Feet 1 Box"],"extent_tesim":["1.25 Linear Feet 1 Box"],"date_range_isim":[1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in the same way it was originally displayed in the shadow box.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in the same way it was originally displayed in the shadow box."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMrs. Mary Ann Lamar Erwin, the wife of Confederate Captain Alexander S. Erwin, was inspired by the July 20-23, 1898 Confederate Reunion at Atlanta, Georgia to honor Confederate veterans for their service. Mrs. Erwin and Mrs. Sarah E. Gabbett are credited with designing the Southern Cross of Honor. Charles W. Crankshaw of Atlanta, Georgia was chosen as the manufacturer. Crankshaw was a reputable jeweler in the Atlanta region, but he subcontracted Schwaab Stamp \u0026amp; Seal Company of Milwaukee, Wisconsin to meet the order of 12,500 medals. The crosses that bore Crankshaw's name were actually struck by Schwaab. The medal was presented at the Sixth United Daughters of the Confederacy Convention in 1899. The first cross was bestowed to Captain Alexander S. Erwin on April 26, 1900. Later, the United Daughters of the Confederacy fired the Schwaab Stamp \u0026amp; Seal Company for striking the 1902-1903 convention badges that appropriated much of the Cross of Honor design without authorization. In 1904, the Daughters hired The Whitehead \u0026amp; Hoag Company of Newark, New Jersey to produce the medal. In all, 78,761 were produced from 1900 to 1959. The medal in the collection is one from the Crankshaw-Schwaab era (1900-1903), but it may be among the first medals because it has a pinback. It was a feature among the first medals struck.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe badge that commemorates the Twenty-Fourth Annual Reunion of United Confederate Veterans was presented to those who attended the event that took place between May 6-8, 1914 at Jacksonville, Florida. It was produced by the The Whitehead \u0026amp; Hoag Company of Newark, New Jersey.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIn 1918, World War I began and the United Daughters of the Confederacy entered into War Relief work. It was asked of each chapter keep records of all those of Confederate lineage who had enlisted in WWI as in hopes of one day honoring their service. During the Twenty-Fifth Annual Meeting that was held between April 1-5, 1919 in Louisville, Kentucky, Mary B. Poppenheim, the President-General of the United Daughters of the Confederacy, suggested a committee be created. Its purpose would be to explore the \"practicability\" of awarding veterans of the American Expeditionary Forces that were descendants of Confederates \"a suitable medal\" that was comparable to the Southern Cross of Honor. The suggestion was given to her by Major Wallace Streater, an officer in the A.E.F. of Confederate descent. The Convention adopted the resolution and the motion was carried.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe Committee on Insignia for Confederate Descendants of the World War was created at the Twenty Fifth Convention and Mrs. W.B. Scarborough became the head of the committee. They would make their first report at a convention at Tampa, Florida on November 15, 1919. At the Twenty-Seventh Annual Meeting that was held from November 8-12, 1921 at St. Louis, Missouri, the Committee was tasked to find an artist for the medal. At the Twenty-Eighth Annual Meeting that was held from November 14-18, 1922 at Birmingham, Alabama, the Committee reported that they had taken the recommendation from the Numismatic Society of New York to select Chester Beach to design the medal and the Convention approved the motion. The Committee was authorized to order of 5,000 medals. The Medallic Art Company in New York was chosen to produce the orders.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThursday afternoon, November 22, 1923, a cross marked by a circle as its number, was placed on the tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Arlington, and that same evening the first two were presented to Major General Robert Lee Bullard and to Major Wallace Streater.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nDuring Thirty-Third Annual Convention that took place in Richmond, Virginia from November 16-20, 1926, Ms. Mary Lou Gordon White of Tennessee suggested veterans of the Spanish-American War have an award similar to the Cross of Military Service with similar guidelines. At the Thirty-Fourth Annual Convention held in Charleston, South Carolina from November 15 to 19, 1927, the idea was formally approved by the Executive Committee. At the Thirty-Fifth Annual Convention held from November 20-24, 1928 at Houston, Texas, a committee was approved to prepare the rules of bestowal and recommend a design of the medal.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMrs. Julia N. Streater, wife of Major Wallace Streater, was the chairman of the committee and submitted a report at the Thirty-Sixth Annual Convention that was held from November 19-23, 1929 at Biloxi, Mississippi. Mrs. Streater's report stated they had consulted Major A. H. Dondero of the U.S. Army Officers Reserve Corps on the design of the medal and estimated that there were 5,000 to 6,000 eligible veterans. The Committee report also suggested that veterans of the \"Cuban Pacification\" and the \"Philippine Insurrection\" be accommodated for their service. After a small debate on whether to include the \"Cuban Pacification\" and \"Philippine Insurrection\" for the same decoration or not, the report and its recommendation were adopted, seconded, and carried by the Convention.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAt the Thirty-Seventh Annual Convention that was held from November 18-22, 1930 at Asheville, North Carolina, The Committee submitted a report that advised separate medals be created for the Philippine Insurrection and/or the Cuban Pacification veterans after consultations with experts. The Convention adopted these recommendations and 200 Philippine Insurrection Crosses of Military Service were ordered. The Medallic Art Company produced the crosses. The very first recipient was Major J. Russell Ingram of Florida at the Thirty-Eighth Annual Convention at Jacksonville, Florida in November 17-21, 1931.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAt the Forty-Ninth Annual Convention held at St. Louis, Missouri from November 4-6, 1942, President-General Eloise W. Wright recommended a committee be created for the purpose creating a medal for veterans of the Second World War who were descendants of Confederates. Mrs. McFarland of Texas moved the recommendation for adoption, seconded by Mrs. Merchant, and the recommendation was carried.\n    \n    \nDuring the Fiftieth Annual Convention that took place from November 18-21, 1943 at Columbus, Ohio, the Chairman of the Committee for Securing a Military Cross for World War No. 2, Mrs. Katherine Robinson Everett, reported she had contacted Chester A. Beach regarding the design of the medal and Clyde C. Trees, the president of Medallic Art Company, regarding the production of the medal. Mrs. Merchant motioned for the recommendation of Mr. Beach's design, the Medallic Art Company produce the medal, and obtaining permission by the U.S. Government to produce the medal as the allocation of metals were for the war effort. After an argument between members at the convention regarding the medal, Mrs. Woodbury moved the decision be made at a future date and Mrs. Merchant withdrew her recommendation. Mrs. Schuyler seconded Mrs. Woodbury's motion and it was carried.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nDuring the Fifty-First Annual Convention that took place from November 21-24, 1944 at Nashville, Tennessee, President-General Mary Hadley Woodard reported the past difficulties to unable to produce Crosses of Military Service due to restrictions on the use of metals by the Federal government because of the allocation of metals to be used for the war effort. Mrs. Woodard was confident with the war's end \"imminent,\" restrictions would be lifted. Mrs. Everett, Chairman of the Committee on Cross of Military Service - World War No. 2, reported six design choices for the cross and the recommendation of Chester A. Beach as well as sculptor Roger Noble Burnham to use the Medallic Art Company to produce the cross. It was decided that the Committee and the Executive Board choose the design.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nDuring the Fifty-Second Annual Convention that took place from November 21-23, 1945 at Houston, Texas, President-General Woodard reported with regulations lifted on metals on July 1, 1945, negotiations with the Medallic Art Company began with order of 5,000 medals. However, the company reported back with there would be delay due to the need for materials to produce the medals. A sketch of the final design of the cross was available for viewing at the convention. During the Fifty-Third Annual Convention that took place from November 18-23, 1946 at Jackson, Mississippi, Mrs. Cecil Brawley Long, Custodian of Crosses of Honor and Service, reported distribution of the crosses had begun and Lieutenant Commander Spencer Downs Wright was the first recipient.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nDuring the Fifty-Eighth Annual Convention that took place November 7-9, 1951, in Asheville, North Carolina, Recorder-General of Crosses of Honor and Service Liza Ellen Carpenter recommended the Medallic Art Company be authorized to set aside bronze for 3,000 Korean War Crosses of Military Service. At the Fifty-Ninth Annual Convention that took place November 9-13, 1952 in Biloxi, Mississippi, this recommendation was changed from 3,000 to 1,000 and be ordered in lots of 250 twice a year. This extended the final payment to two years from the first shipment. The recommendation was seconded and adopted. At the Sixtieth Annual Convention that took place November 8-12, 1953 in Washington, D.C., the first cross was given to Captain James Cornelius Ruddell, Jr., and was awarded posthumously.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe Vietnam Cross was presented for the first time in 1968 at the Annual Convention in Richmond, Virginia. The first three crosses were presented to General William C. Westmoreland, Lieutenant Colonel John L. Heiss, III, and to Major James Ewell Brown Stuart, IV.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Mrs. Mary Ann Lamar Erwin, the wife of Confederate Captain Alexander S. Erwin, was inspired by the July 20-23, 1898 Confederate Reunion at Atlanta, Georgia to honor Confederate veterans for their service. Mrs. Erwin and Mrs. Sarah E. Gabbett are credited with designing the Southern Cross of Honor. Charles W. Crankshaw of Atlanta, Georgia was chosen as the manufacturer. Crankshaw was a reputable jeweler in the Atlanta region, but he subcontracted Schwaab Stamp \u0026 Seal Company of Milwaukee, Wisconsin to meet the order of 12,500 medals. The crosses that bore Crankshaw's name were actually struck by Schwaab. The medal was presented at the Sixth United Daughters of the Confederacy Convention in 1899. The first cross was bestowed to Captain Alexander S. Erwin on April 26, 1900. Later, the United Daughters of the Confederacy fired the Schwaab Stamp \u0026 Seal Company for striking the 1902-1903 convention badges that appropriated much of the Cross of Honor design without authorization. In 1904, the Daughters hired The Whitehead \u0026 Hoag Company of Newark, New Jersey to produce the medal. In all, 78,761 were produced from 1900 to 1959. The medal in the collection is one from the Crankshaw-Schwaab era (1900-1903), but it may be among the first medals because it has a pinback. It was a feature among the first medals struck.","The badge that commemorates the Twenty-Fourth Annual Reunion of United Confederate Veterans was presented to those who attended the event that took place between May 6-8, 1914 at Jacksonville, Florida. It was produced by the The Whitehead \u0026 Hoag Company of Newark, New Jersey.","\nIn 1918, World War I began and the United Daughters of the Confederacy entered into War Relief work. It was asked of each chapter keep records of all those of Confederate lineage who had enlisted in WWI as in hopes of one day honoring their service. During the Twenty-Fifth Annual Meeting that was held between April 1-5, 1919 in Louisville, Kentucky, Mary B. Poppenheim, the President-General of the United Daughters of the Confederacy, suggested a committee be created. Its purpose would be to explore the \"practicability\" of awarding veterans of the American Expeditionary Forces that were descendants of Confederates \"a suitable medal\" that was comparable to the Southern Cross of Honor. The suggestion was given to her by Major Wallace Streater, an officer in the A.E.F. of Confederate descent. The Convention adopted the resolution and the motion was carried.","\nThe Committee on Insignia for Confederate Descendants of the World War was created at the Twenty Fifth Convention and Mrs. W.B. Scarborough became the head of the committee. They would make their first report at a convention at Tampa, Florida on November 15, 1919. At the Twenty-Seventh Annual Meeting that was held from November 8-12, 1921 at St. Louis, Missouri, the Committee was tasked to find an artist for the medal. At the Twenty-Eighth Annual Meeting that was held from November 14-18, 1922 at Birmingham, Alabama, the Committee reported that they had taken the recommendation from the Numismatic Society of New York to select Chester Beach to design the medal and the Convention approved the motion. The Committee was authorized to order of 5,000 medals. The Medallic Art Company in New York was chosen to produce the orders.","\nThursday afternoon, November 22, 1923, a cross marked by a circle as its number, was placed on the tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Arlington, and that same evening the first two were presented to Major General Robert Lee Bullard and to Major Wallace Streater.","\nDuring Thirty-Third Annual Convention that took place in Richmond, Virginia from November 16-20, 1926, Ms. Mary Lou Gordon White of Tennessee suggested veterans of the Spanish-American War have an award similar to the Cross of Military Service with similar guidelines. At the Thirty-Fourth Annual Convention held in Charleston, South Carolina from November 15 to 19, 1927, the idea was formally approved by the Executive Committee. At the Thirty-Fifth Annual Convention held from November 20-24, 1928 at Houston, Texas, a committee was approved to prepare the rules of bestowal and recommend a design of the medal.","\nMrs. Julia N. Streater, wife of Major Wallace Streater, was the chairman of the committee and submitted a report at the Thirty-Sixth Annual Convention that was held from November 19-23, 1929 at Biloxi, Mississippi. Mrs. Streater's report stated they had consulted Major A. H. Dondero of the U.S. Army Officers Reserve Corps on the design of the medal and estimated that there were 5,000 to 6,000 eligible veterans. The Committee report also suggested that veterans of the \"Cuban Pacification\" and the \"Philippine Insurrection\" be accommodated for their service. After a small debate on whether to include the \"Cuban Pacification\" and \"Philippine Insurrection\" for the same decoration or not, the report and its recommendation were adopted, seconded, and carried by the Convention.","\nAt the Thirty-Seventh Annual Convention that was held from November 18-22, 1930 at Asheville, North Carolina, The Committee submitted a report that advised separate medals be created for the Philippine Insurrection and/or the Cuban Pacification veterans after consultations with experts. The Convention adopted these recommendations and 200 Philippine Insurrection Crosses of Military Service were ordered. The Medallic Art Company produced the crosses. The very first recipient was Major J. Russell Ingram of Florida at the Thirty-Eighth Annual Convention at Jacksonville, Florida in November 17-21, 1931.","\nAt the Forty-Ninth Annual Convention held at St. Louis, Missouri from November 4-6, 1942, President-General Eloise W. Wright recommended a committee be created for the purpose creating a medal for veterans of the Second World War who were descendants of Confederates. Mrs. McFarland of Texas moved the recommendation for adoption, seconded by Mrs. Merchant, and the recommendation was carried.\n    \n    \nDuring the Fiftieth Annual Convention that took place from November 18-21, 1943 at Columbus, Ohio, the Chairman of the Committee for Securing a Military Cross for World War No. 2, Mrs. Katherine Robinson Everett, reported she had contacted Chester A. Beach regarding the design of the medal and Clyde C. Trees, the president of Medallic Art Company, regarding the production of the medal. Mrs. Merchant motioned for the recommendation of Mr. Beach's design, the Medallic Art Company produce the medal, and obtaining permission by the U.S. Government to produce the medal as the allocation of metals were for the war effort. After an argument between members at the convention regarding the medal, Mrs. Woodbury moved the decision be made at a future date and Mrs. Merchant withdrew her recommendation. Mrs. Schuyler seconded Mrs. Woodbury's motion and it was carried.","\nDuring the Fifty-First Annual Convention that took place from November 21-24, 1944 at Nashville, Tennessee, President-General Mary Hadley Woodard reported the past difficulties to unable to produce Crosses of Military Service due to restrictions on the use of metals by the Federal government because of the allocation of metals to be used for the war effort. Mrs. Woodard was confident with the war's end \"imminent,\" restrictions would be lifted. Mrs. Everett, Chairman of the Committee on Cross of Military Service - World War No. 2, reported six design choices for the cross and the recommendation of Chester A. Beach as well as sculptor Roger Noble Burnham to use the Medallic Art Company to produce the cross. It was decided that the Committee and the Executive Board choose the design.","\nDuring the Fifty-Second Annual Convention that took place from November 21-23, 1945 at Houston, Texas, President-General Woodard reported with regulations lifted on metals on July 1, 1945, negotiations with the Medallic Art Company began with order of 5,000 medals. However, the company reported back with there would be delay due to the need for materials to produce the medals. A sketch of the final design of the cross was available for viewing at the convention. During the Fifty-Third Annual Convention that took place from November 18-23, 1946 at Jackson, Mississippi, Mrs. Cecil Brawley Long, Custodian of Crosses of Honor and Service, reported distribution of the crosses had begun and Lieutenant Commander Spencer Downs Wright was the first recipient.","\nDuring the Fifty-Eighth Annual Convention that took place November 7-9, 1951, in Asheville, North Carolina, Recorder-General of Crosses of Honor and Service Liza Ellen Carpenter recommended the Medallic Art Company be authorized to set aside bronze for 3,000 Korean War Crosses of Military Service. At the Fifty-Ninth Annual Convention that took place November 9-13, 1952 in Biloxi, Mississippi, this recommendation was changed from 3,000 to 1,000 and be ordered in lots of 250 twice a year. This extended the final payment to two years from the first shipment. The recommendation was seconded and adopted. At the Sixtieth Annual Convention that took place November 8-12, 1953 in Washington, D.C., the first cross was given to Captain James Cornelius Ruddell, Jr., and was awarded posthumously.","\nThe Vietnam Cross was presented for the first time in 1968 at the Annual Convention in Richmond, Virginia. The first three crosses were presented to General William C. Westmoreland, Lieutenant Colonel John L. Heiss, III, and to Major James Ewell Brown Stuart, IV."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnited Daughters of the Confederacy Medal Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["United Daughters of the Confederacy Medal Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe set of medals were donated by the United Daughters of the Confederacy Jefferson Davis Chapter No. 2173 by President Mrs. Gwen Hadden, and Mrs. Robert E. Drake, the Recorder of Crosses, to the University of Central Florida Associate Dean of Library Development, Dr. W. Rex Brown, and the University of Central Florida Director of Libraries, Anne Marie Allison, during a presentation ceremony that took place May 24, 1988 at the University of Central Florida Library Special Collections Room.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe medals were placed in a shadow box that included incscriptions of the medals. In 2017, Book Conservator Christopher Saclolo removed the medals from the shadow box and the medals were transferred to a more archival appropriate box. The finding aid was created by Steven Trelstad in 2017.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The set of medals were donated by the United Daughters of the Confederacy Jefferson Davis Chapter No. 2173 by President Mrs. Gwen Hadden, and Mrs. Robert E. Drake, the Recorder of Crosses, to the University of Central Florida Associate Dean of Library Development, Dr. W. Rex Brown, and the University of Central Florida Director of Libraries, Anne Marie Allison, during a presentation ceremony that took place May 24, 1988 at the University of Central Florida Library Special Collections Room.","The medals were placed in a shadow box that included incscriptions of the medals. In 2017, Book Conservator Christopher Saclolo removed the medals from the shadow box and the medals were transferred to a more archival appropriate box. The finding aid was created by Steven Trelstad in 2017."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2009-02\"\u003eAfrican American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1794-2010\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2005-20\"\u003eWilliam D. Chapman Collection, 1865, 1975\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM1995_02\"\u003eJohn O. Moench Collection, Circa 1861-1865\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1794-2010","William D. Chapman Collection, 1865, 1975","John O. Moench Collection, Circa 1861-1865"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnited Daughters of the Confederacy Medal Collection, Circa 1899-1968, consists of a set of bronze medals donated by the Jefferson Davis Chapter No. 2173 of the United Daughters of the Confederacy that include the Southern Cross of Honor, five Crosses of Military Service from World War I to the Vietnam War, and a badge from the Twenty-Fourth Annual Convention of the United Confederate Veterans.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["United Daughters of the Confederacy Medal Collection, Circa 1899-1968, consists of a set of bronze medals donated by the Jefferson Davis Chapter No. 2173 of the United Daughters of the Confederacy that include the Southern Cross of Honor, five Crosses of Military Service from World War I to the Vietnam War, and a badge from the Twenty-Fourth Annual Convention of the United Confederate Veterans."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_26056843807eb84600eff1e8f6b3007f\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection contains six bronze medals and one badge from the United Daughters of the Confederacy. The medals were created to honor either Confederate veterans for their service in the Confederate Armed Forces or their descendants who served in the United States military during the Philippine Insurrection (1899-1902), World War I (1917-1918), World War II (1941-1945), the Korean War (1950-1953), and the Vietnam War (1955-1975). The badge commemorates the Twenty-Fourth Annual United Confederate Veterans Reunion in 1914 and was given those in attendance.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains six bronze medals and one badge from the United Daughters of the Confederacy. The medals were created to honor either Confederate veterans for their service in the Confederate Armed Forces or their descendants who served in the United States military during the Philippine Insurrection (1899-1902), World War I (1917-1918), World War II (1941-1945), the Korean War (1950-1953), and the Vietnam War (1955-1975). The badge commemorates the Twenty-Fourth Annual United Confederate Veterans Reunion in 1914 and was given those in attendance."],"names_coll_ssim":["United Confederate Veterans","United Daughters of the Confederacy. Jefferson Davis Chapter No. 2173 (Orlando, Fla.)","United Daughters of the Confederacy -- Medals"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","United Confederate Veterans","United Daughters of the Confederacy. Jefferson Davis Chapter No. 2173 (Orlando, Fla.)","United Daughters of the Confederacy -- Medals"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","United Confederate Veterans","United Daughters of the Confederacy. Jefferson Davis Chapter No. 2173 (Orlando, Fla.)","United Daughters of the Confederacy -- Medals"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":9,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"7e7730d0a16959bd1212da48","timestamp":"2026-07-08T02:56:07.473Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/7e7730d0a16959bd1212da48_aspace_70761"}},{"id":"5e3bbf735cc1bfaad29d7a9c_aspace_e492efc83ee7558e10022605c70d449c","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Cross Florida Barge Canal, 1960-1970","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5e3bbf735cc1bfaad29d7a9c_aspace_e492efc83ee7558e10022605c70d449c#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_e492efc83ee7558e10022605c70d449c","ref_ssm":["aspace_e492efc83ee7558e10022605c70d449c","aspace_e492efc83ee7558e10022605c70d449c"],"id":"5e3bbf735cc1bfaad29d7a9c_aspace_e492efc83ee7558e10022605c70d449c","title_filing_ssi":"Cross Florida Barge Canal","title_ssm":["Cross Florida Barge Canal"],"title_tesim":["Cross Florida Barge Canal"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1960-1970"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1960-1970"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cross Florida Barge Canal, 1960-1970"],"text":["Cross Florida Barge Canal, 1960-1970","Florida Audubon Society Maitland records, 1900-2000","Box 36 - Cabinet 8, Drawer 3","Folder 1","/repositories/2/archival_objects/174572","box 36","folder 1"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["5e3bbf735cc1bfaad29d7a9c","5e3bbf735cc1bfaad29d7a9c_aspace_0ff5987fa4b27252d315dd51a2ac2750"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Florida Audubon Society Maitland records, 1900-2000","Box 36 - Cabinet 8, Drawer 3"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Florida Audubon Society Maitland records, 1900-2000","Box 36 - Cabinet 8, Drawer 3"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Box"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 1","/repositories/2/archival_objects/174572"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Florida Audubon Society Maitland records, 1900-2000"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":1059,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Until 2034, USF Libraries must provide 90 day notice to Florida Audubon Society in advance of any exhibition or cultural activity initiated by USF Libraries in which the sole focus of the exhibitions or or activity is the Florida Audubon Society."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"date_range_isim":[1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970],"containers_ssim":["box 36","folder 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#31/components#0","_nest_parent_":"5e3bbf735cc1bfaad29d7a9c_aspace_0ff5987fa4b27252d315dd51a2ac2750","_root_":"5e3bbf735cc1bfaad29d7a9c","_version_":1870863566723088384,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:35:32.977Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"5e3bbf735cc1bfaad29d7a9c","title_ssm":["Florida Audubon Society Maitland records"],"title_tesim":["Florida Audubon Society Maitland records"],"ead_ssi":"5e3bbf735cc1bfaad29d7a9c","unitdate_ssm":["1900-2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1900-2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["File","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-2023-04","/repositories/2/resources/621"],"text":["MS-2023-04","/repositories/2/resources/621","Florida Audubon Society Maitland records, 1900-2000","Until 2034, USF Libraries must provide 90 day notice to Florida Audubon Society in advance of any exhibition or cultural activity initiated by USF Libraries in which the sole focus of the exhibitions or or activity is the Florida Audubon Society.","None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-2023-04","/repositories/2/resources/621"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1900-2000"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Florida Audubon Society Maitland records, 1900-2000"],"collection_title_tesim":["Florida Audubon Society Maitland records, 1900-2000"],"collection_ssim":["Florida Audubon Society Maitland records, 1900-2000"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"access_terms_ssm":["None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["102 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["102 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUntil 2034, USF Libraries must provide 90 day notice to Florida Audubon Society in advance of any exhibition or cultural activity initiated by USF Libraries in which the sole focus of the exhibitions or or activity is the Florida Audubon Society.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Until 2034, USF Libraries must provide 90 day notice to Florida Audubon Society in advance of any exhibition or cultural activity initiated by USF Libraries in which the sole focus of the exhibitions or or activity is the Florida Audubon Society."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0; The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2356,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870863566723088384,"_root_":"5e3bbf735cc1bfaad29d7a9c","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:35:32.977Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5e3bbf735cc1bfaad29d7a9c_aspace_e492efc83ee7558e10022605c70d449c"}},{"id":"d049b8f1d279e90b99a77f6a_aspace_7537d1305a4c110e2f0923c338c9f736","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Cross, Roberta Collection, 1957-1964","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/d049b8f1d279e90b99a77f6a_aspace_7537d1305a4c110e2f0923c338c9f736#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eDonated by Roberta Cross in 2011, the collection includes nine 8mm reels. The collection mostly depicts Cross during her childhood and her family living at U.S. Naval Station Midway on the Midway Atoll between 1957-1958 due to the naval service of her father, Richard S. Butterfield. There are also family trips to San Diego, San Francisco, the Grand Canyon, traveling through Wyoming, Reno, Nevada, Nebraska, and Kings Beach, California. 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