{"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1954\u0026page=401","prev":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1954\u0026page=400","next":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1954\u0026page=402","last":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1954\u0026page=417"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":401,"next_page":402,"prev_page":400,"total_pages":417,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":4000,"total_count":4165,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"bf94ada4377f2dbc813062ab","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Vintage Florida Postcards, 1930-2025","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/bf94ada4377f2dbc813062ab#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials included in the Vintage Florida Postcard collection include postcards from regions spanning the 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McClellan Photographs, 1941-1955","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/ec8fa364d25375bd1b750078_aspace_09739b26e8fed40ca23377263350ab0c#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains images from the Santa Maria School of Flying and personal photographs from Dewey McClellan's service abroad, as well as Viola Smith's service.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/ec8fa364d25375bd1b750078_aspace_09739b26e8fed40ca23377263350ab0c#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_09739b26e8fed40ca23377263350ab0c","ref_ssm":["aspace_09739b26e8fed40ca23377263350ab0c","aspace_09739b26e8fed40ca23377263350ab0c"],"id":"ec8fa364d25375bd1b750078_aspace_09739b26e8fed40ca23377263350ab0c","title_filing_ssi":"Viola B. and Dewey S. McClellan Photographs","title_ssm":["Viola B. and Dewey S. McClellan Photographs"],"title_tesim":["Viola B. and Dewey S. McClellan Photographs"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1941-1955"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1941-1955"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Viola B. and Dewey S. McClellan Photographs, 1941-1955"],"text":["Viola B. and Dewey S. McClellan Photographs, 1941-1955","McClellan-Smith Family collection, 1941-1945, Date accessioned: 2020-11-28","004","/repositories/10/archival_objects/190780","box 20.0008 - Box 1","folder 004","This folder contains images from the Santa Maria School of Flying and personal photographs from Dewey McClellan's service abroad, as well as Viola Smith's service."],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["ec8fa364d25375bd1b750078"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["McClellan-Smith Family collection, 1941-1945, Date accessioned: 2020-11-28"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["McClellan-Smith Family collection, 1941-1945, Date accessioned: 2020-11-28"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["004","/repositories/10/archival_objects/190780"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["McClellan-Smith Family collection, 1941-1945, Date accessioned: 2020-11-28"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":5,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to all researchers. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"date_range_isim":[1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955],"containers_ssim":["box 20.0008 - Box 1","folder 004"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains images from the Santa Maria School of Flying and personal photographs from Dewey McClellan's service abroad, as well as Viola Smith's service.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This folder contains images from the Santa Maria School of Flying and personal photographs from Dewey McClellan's service abroad, as well as Viola Smith's service."],"_nest_path_":"/components#4","_nest_parent_":"ec8fa364d25375bd1b750078","_root_":"ec8fa364d25375bd1b750078","timestamp":"2026-04-21T06:51:53.572Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"ec8fa364d25375bd1b750078","title_filing_ssi":"McClellan-Smith Family collection","title_ssm":["McClellan-Smith Family collection"],"title_tesim":["McClellan-Smith Family collection"],"ead_ssi":"ec8fa364d25375bd1b750078","unitdate_ssm":["1941-1945","Date accessioned: 2020-11-28"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1941-1945"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2020-11-28"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["20.0008","/repositories/10/resources/1790"],"text":["20.0008","/repositories/10/resources/1790","McClellan-Smith Family collection, 1941-1945, Date accessioned: 2020-11-28","Spokane (Wash.)","London (England)","Scotland","Fort Dix (N.J.)","Des Moines (Iowa)","Wiesbaden (Germany)","World War, 1939-1945, War dead","Wake Island","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1939-1945--Women","Marriage.","Prisoners of war--Japan","London (England)--History--Bombardment, 1940-1945","Air pilots, Military--United States","World War, 1939-1945--Europe","World War, 1939-1945--Pacific Area","World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives","Wake Island, Battle of, Wake Island, 1941","This collection is open to all researchers. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.","Viola B. McClellan, also known as \"Smitty,\" was born in Grant, Florida October 18, 1918, she died October 25, 2013.  She was the last of 8 children. Her father homesteaded 160 acres on Mullet Creek.  Her brother, Charles Elmer Smith, was captured by the Japanese in 1941 on Wake Island. Viola wanted to do something to help bring him home so she enlisted in the Woman's Army Corp in 1942. \n \nViola attended basic training and Officers Candidate School in Des Moines, Iowa. She was commissioned a 2nd Lt in February 1943. She was sent to Spokane, Washington as Company Commander of 300 enlisted women and four other officers. This was the first company of WAC's in Spokane. From there Viola went to overseas training at Fort Oglethorpe in Georgia. Without knowing where they were going, 18,000 men and 500 women crammed onboard the refitted troopship RMS Queen Elizabeth sailing out of New York and headed for Europe. As they were debarking in Scotland, they announced the invasion of France (D-Day, June 6, 1944).\n \nThirty of the women including Viola were assigned to the 5th Army Airways Communication System based in London. They were the first WAC's to be assigned to the AACS in London and arrived just as the buzzbombs were bombarding. Viola's primary job was to establish living quarters for 30 enlisted WACs. The women were organized into a company that preformed teletype operations, worked as drivers and administrative specialists, censored outgoing mail among other duties. They worked long hours six days a week while dodging the V1s and V2s.\n \nViola met her future husband, Captain Dewey S. McClellan, at a dinner in Hyde Park for 60 AACS people. Both were Captains and both part of the AACS. Dewey was from California and Viola from Florida. They were married on July 1, 1945 at St Peters Church on Vere St. in London. Viola was able to get a wedding dress from the Red Cross. All AACS personnel in the London area, officer and enlisted, were invited to attend the wedding and reception held at the WAC's billets. They honeymooned in Torquay in the south of England.\n \nAfter the victory in Japan, the AACS headquarters was moved to Wiesbaden, Germany. In Wiesbaden Viola set up housing for her WACs. She and Dewey were unable to get quarters together and eventually decided to go home. They were able to fly back to the US in a B-17, Dewey being one of the pilots. Unfortunately, her homecoming was bittersweet as she found out that her brother was one of 97 civilian prisoners on Wake Island gunned down by the Japanese in October 1943.\n \nCharles Elmer Smith or Elmer as everyone called him, was born in Grant Florida on January 15, 1916 and he died October 1943. He was the 7th child and my Mother, Viola B Smith, was the 8th.  They were close and being the youngest two, grew up together. My Mother has written a paper entitled \"What I remember about Charles Elmer Smith.\"  This paper describes their relationship.\n \nSmith was a civilian construction worker, welder, on Wake Island in 1941 helping to construct an air base.  He was one of 1150 civilian contractors captured by the Japanese in December of that year. Soon after this happened Viola enlisted in the Woman's Army Corp to help bring him home faster. According to my mother, Grandma traveled to Cassadaga, FL in hopes of gaining spiritual information on her son.\n \nMy Mother found out after the war ended that he never made it off Wake Island. Elmer and 97 other civilian prisoners were gunned down by the Japanese in October 1943. In 1946 a newspaper article told of several survivors of Japanese prison camps getting in touch with Uncle Elmer's parents relating what a wonderful job he did helping man the guns during the battle.  He was also given command of the men remaining on the island.  The letter from the Navy included the following: \"The knowledge that your son was doing his part for the defense of this nation should console you in your bereavement.\"\n \nDewey S McClellan was born in Oceanside, California on July 25,1920 and he died July 9,1998. He received his associate degree in June 1940 from Taft Junior College. In October of that year he attended a Private Flying School in Santa Maria, California for 8 weeks. He graduated November 30, 1940.  As Dewey was eager to fly and the US was not in WW II yet, he and a friend looked into flying for the Royal Canadian Air Force. Instead Dewey became an Aviation Cadet in the US Army. He graduated from the Air Corps Training Center at Luke Field in Arizona on January 9, 1942. He went into active service January 9, 1942 as a second lieutenant and was stationed at Morrison Field, Florida. He was assigned to the Air Corp Ferring Command.  Dewey flew four-engine aircraft from the US to England and the US to India. He was a crew commander and was assigned to the 3rs ferrying group of the Air Transport Command.\nLater Captain Dewey McClellan became a pilot and Communications Officer for the 5th Army Airways Communication System based in London. He installed and flight checked communications equipment and navigational aids for all aircraft, US and allied, in the European Theater of operations. \n \nLondon was where he met his future wife, my mother, Captain Viola Smith. They were both part of the 5th AACS and met at a wiener roast in Hyde Park. They were married July 1, 1945 in the Church of England on Vere Street in London. All AACS personal in the London area, officer and enlisted, were invited to attend the wedding and reception. They honeymooned in Torquay in the south of England.\nAfter victory in Japan, the AACS headquarters was moved to Wiesbaden, Germany. Unable to get quarters together, they eventually were able to fly back to the US in a B-17, Dewey being one of the pilots. Dewey's date of separation was December 29, 1946.\n \nThese biographies were written by Susan Smith, the donor of this collection,  in November 2020. Susan Smith is the daughter of Viola B. McClellan and Dewey S. McClellan.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection relates to Viola B. McClellan (Women's Auxillary Corps) and Dewey S. McClellan (U.S. Army Air Corps) who both served in the European Theater of Operations as a pilot during World War II. This collection also relates to Charles S. Smith who served as a civilian contractor and Japanese prisoner of war at Wake Island in the Pacific Theater of Operations. This collection contains documents, ephemera, and photographs.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army. Women's Army Auxiliary Corps","United States. Army Air Forces","United States. Army Air Forces. Army Airways Communications System","Taft College","Canada. Royal Canadian Air Force","Smith, Charles Elmer, 1916-1943","McClellan, Viola B., 1918-2013","McClellan, Dewey S., 1920-1998","Smith, Viola, 1918-1945","English"],"unitid_tesim":["20.0008","/repositories/10/resources/1790"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1941-1945, Date accessioned: 2020-11-28"],"normalized_title_ssm":["McClellan-Smith Family collection, 1941-1945, Date accessioned: 2020-11-28"],"collection_title_tesim":["McClellan-Smith Family collection, 1941-1945, Date accessioned: 2020-11-28"],"collection_ssim":["McClellan-Smith Family collection, 1941-1945, Date accessioned: 2020-11-28"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Spokane (Wash.)","London (England)","Scotland","Fort Dix (N.J.)","Des Moines (Iowa)","Wiesbaden (Germany)","World War, 1939-1945, War dead","Wake Island"],"geogname_ssim":["Spokane (Wash.)","London (England)","Scotland","Fort Dix (N.J.)","Des Moines (Iowa)","Wiesbaden (Germany)","World War, 1939-1945, War dead","Wake Island"],"creator_ssm":["Smith, Charles Elmer, 1916-1943","McClellan, Viola B., 1918-2013","McClellan, Dewey S., 1920-1998","Smith, Viola, 1918-1945"],"creator_ssim":["Smith, Charles Elmer, 1916-1943","McClellan, Viola B., 1918-2013","McClellan, Dewey S., 1920-1998","Smith, Viola, 1918-1945"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Smith, Charles Elmer, 1916-1943","McClellan, Viola B., 1918-2013","McClellan, Dewey S., 1920-1998","Smith, Viola, 1918-1945"],"creators_ssim":["Smith, Charles Elmer, 1916-1943","McClellan, Viola B., 1918-2013","McClellan, Dewey S., 1920-1998","Smith, Viola, 1918-1945"],"places_ssim":["Spokane (Wash.)","London (England)","Scotland","Fort Dix (N.J.)","Des Moines (Iowa)","Wiesbaden (Germany)","World War, 1939-1945, War dead","Wake Island"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by the daughter of Dewey and Viola Smith,  Susan Smith."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1939-1945--Women","Marriage.","Prisoners of war--Japan","London (England)--History--Bombardment, 1940-1945","Air pilots, Military--United States","World War, 1939-1945--Europe","World War, 1939-1945--Pacific Area","World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives","Wake Island, Battle of, Wake Island, 1941"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1939-1945--Women","Marriage.","Prisoners of war--Japan","London (England)--History--Bombardment, 1940-1945","Air pilots, Military--United States","World War, 1939-1945--Europe","World War, 1939-1945--Pacific Area","World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives","Wake Island, Battle of, Wake Island, 1941"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.5 Linear Feet 1 oversized box (30x30x3)"],"extent_tesim":["2.5 Linear Feet 1 oversized box (30x30x3)"],"date_range_isim":[1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers. ","This collection is in an offsite storage location. Please contact lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu with requests for access or for more information."],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Viola B. McClellan, also known as \"Smitty,\" was born in Grant, Florida October 18, 1918, she died October 25, 2013.  She was the last of 8 children. Her father homesteaded 160 acres on Mullet Creek.  Her brother, Charles Elmer Smith, was captured by the Japanese in 1941 on Wake Island. Viola wanted to do something to help bring him home so she enlisted in the Woman's Army Corp in 1942. \n \nViola attended basic training and Officers Candidate School in Des Moines, Iowa. She was commissioned a 2nd Lt in February 1943. She was sent to Spokane, Washington as Company Commander of 300 enlisted women and four other officers. This was the first company of WAC's in Spokane. From there Viola went to overseas training at Fort Oglethorpe in Georgia. Without knowing where they were going, 18,000 men and 500 women crammed onboard the refitted troopship RMS Queen Elizabeth sailing out of New York and headed for Europe. As they were debarking in Scotland, they announced the invasion of France (D-Day, June 6, 1944).\n \nThirty of the women including Viola were assigned to the 5th Army Airways Communication System based in London. They were the first WAC's to be assigned to the AACS in London and arrived just as the buzzbombs were bombarding. Viola's primary job was to establish living quarters for 30 enlisted WACs. The women were organized into a company that preformed teletype operations, worked as drivers and administrative specialists, censored outgoing mail among other duties. They worked long hours six days a week while dodging the V1s and V2s.\n \nViola met her future husband, Captain Dewey S. McClellan, at a dinner in Hyde Park for 60 AACS people. Both were Captains and both part of the AACS. Dewey was from California and Viola from Florida. They were married on July 1, 1945 at St Peters Church on Vere St. in London. Viola was able to get a wedding dress from the Red Cross. All AACS personnel in the London area, officer and enlisted, were invited to attend the wedding and reception held at the WAC's billets. They honeymooned in Torquay in the south of England.\n \nAfter the victory in Japan, the AACS headquarters was moved to Wiesbaden, Germany. In Wiesbaden Viola set up housing for her WACs. She and Dewey were unable to get quarters together and eventually decided to go home. They were able to fly back to the US in a B-17, Dewey being one of the pilots. Unfortunately, her homecoming was bittersweet as she found out that her brother was one of 97 civilian prisoners on Wake Island gunned down by the Japanese in October 1943.\n \nCharles Elmer Smith or Elmer as everyone called him, was born in Grant Florida on January 15, 1916 and he died October 1943. He was the 7th child and my Mother, Viola B Smith, was the 8th.  They were close and being the youngest two, grew up together. My Mother has written a paper entitled \"What I remember about Charles Elmer Smith.\"  This paper describes their relationship.\n \nSmith was a civilian construction worker, welder, on Wake Island in 1941 helping to construct an air base.  He was one of 1150 civilian contractors captured by the Japanese in December of that year. Soon after this happened Viola enlisted in the Woman's Army Corp to help bring him home faster. According to my mother, Grandma traveled to Cassadaga, FL in hopes of gaining spiritual information on her son.\n \nMy Mother found out after the war ended that he never made it off Wake Island. Elmer and 97 other civilian prisoners were gunned down by the Japanese in October 1943. In 1946 a newspaper article told of several survivors of Japanese prison camps getting in touch with Uncle Elmer's parents relating what a wonderful job he did helping man the guns during the battle.  He was also given command of the men remaining on the island.  The letter from the Navy included the following: \"The knowledge that your son was doing his part for the defense of this nation should console you in your bereavement.\"\n \nDewey S McClellan was born in Oceanside, California on July 25,1920 and he died July 9,1998. He received his associate degree in June 1940 from Taft Junior College. In October of that year he attended a Private Flying School in Santa Maria, California for 8 weeks. He graduated November 30, 1940.  As Dewey was eager to fly and the US was not in WW II yet, he and a friend looked into flying for the Royal Canadian Air Force. Instead Dewey became an Aviation Cadet in the US Army. He graduated from the Air Corps Training Center at Luke Field in Arizona on January 9, 1942. He went into active service January 9, 1942 as a second lieutenant and was stationed at Morrison Field, Florida. He was assigned to the Air Corp Ferring Command.  Dewey flew four-engine aircraft from the US to England and the US to India. He was a crew commander and was assigned to the 3rs ferrying group of the Air Transport Command.\nLater Captain Dewey McClellan became a pilot and Communications Officer for the 5th Army Airways Communication System based in London. He installed and flight checked communications equipment and navigational aids for all aircraft, US and allied, in the European Theater of operations. \n \nLondon was where he met his future wife, my mother, Captain Viola Smith. They were both part of the 5th AACS and met at a wiener roast in Hyde Park. They were married July 1, 1945 in the Church of England on Vere Street in London. All AACS personal in the London area, officer and enlisted, were invited to attend the wedding and reception. They honeymooned in Torquay in the south of England.\nAfter victory in Japan, the AACS headquarters was moved to Wiesbaden, Germany. Unable to get quarters together, they eventually were able to fly back to the US in a B-17, Dewey being one of the pilots. Dewey's date of separation was December 29, 1946.\n \nThese biographies were written by Susan Smith, the donor of this collection,  in November 2020. Susan Smith is the daughter of Viola B. McClellan and Dewey S. McClellan."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], McClellan-Smith family collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-20-2008\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], McClellan-Smith family collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-20-2008"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Viola B. McClellan (Women's Auxillary Corps) and Dewey S. McClellan (U.S. Army Air Corps) who both served in the European Theater of Operations as a pilot during World War II. This collection also relates to Charles S. Smith who served as a civilian contractor and Japanese prisoner of war at Wake Island in the Pacific Theater of Operations. This collection contains documents, ephemera, and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to Viola B. McClellan (Women's Auxillary Corps) and Dewey S. McClellan (U.S. Army Air Corps) who both served in the European Theater of Operations as a pilot during World War II. This collection also relates to Charles S. Smith who served as a civilian contractor and Japanese prisoner of war at Wake Island in the Pacific Theater of Operations. This collection contains documents, ephemera, and photographs."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Army. Women's Army Auxiliary Corps","United States. Army Air Forces","United States. Army Air Forces. Army Airways Communications System","Taft College","Canada. Royal Canadian Air Force","Smith, Charles Elmer, 1916-1943","McClellan, Viola B., 1918-2013","McClellan, Dewey S., 1920-1998"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army. Women's Army Auxiliary Corps","United States. Army Air Forces","United States. Army Air Forces. Army Airways Communications System","Taft College","Canada. Royal Canadian Air Force","Smith, Charles Elmer, 1916-1943","McClellan, Viola B., 1918-2013","McClellan, Dewey S., 1920-1998","Smith, Viola, 1918-1945"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army. Women's Army Auxiliary Corps","United States. Army Air Forces","United States. Army Air Forces. Army Airways Communications System","Taft College","Canada. Royal Canadian Air Force"],"persname_ssim":["Smith, Charles Elmer, 1916-1943","McClellan, Viola B., 1918-2013","McClellan, Dewey S., 1920-1998","Smith, Viola, 1918-1945"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":13,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"ec8fa364d25375bd1b750078","timestamp":"2026-04-21T06:51:53.572Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eViola B. McClellan, also known as \"Smitty,\" was born in Grant, Florida October 18, 1918, she died October 25, 2013.  She was the last of 8 children. Her father homesteaded 160 acres on Mullet Creek.  Her brother, Charles Elmer Smith, was captured by the Japanese in 1941 on Wake Island. Viola wanted to do something to help bring him home so she enlisted in the Woman's Army Corp in 1942. \n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nViola attended basic training and Officers Candidate School in Des Moines, Iowa. She was commissioned a 2nd Lt in February 1943. She was sent to Spokane, Washington as Company Commander of 300 enlisted women and four other officers. This was the first company of WAC's in Spokane. From there Viola went to overseas training at Fort Oglethorpe in Georgia. Without knowing where they were going, 18,000 men and 500 women crammed onboard the refitted troopship RMS Queen Elizabeth sailing out of New York and headed for Europe. As they were debarking in Scotland, they announced the invasion of France (D-Day, June 6, 1944).\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThirty of the women including Viola were assigned to the 5th Army Airways Communication System based in London. They were the first WAC's to be assigned to the AACS in London and arrived just as the buzzbombs were bombarding. Viola's primary job was to establish living quarters for 30 enlisted WACs. The women were organized into a company that preformed teletype operations, worked as drivers and administrative specialists, censored outgoing mail among other duties. They worked long hours six days a week while dodging the V1s and V2s.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nViola met her future husband, Captain Dewey S. McClellan, at a dinner in Hyde Park for 60 AACS people. Both were Captains and both part of the AACS. Dewey was from California and Viola from Florida. They were married on July 1, 1945 at St Peters Church on Vere St. in London. Viola was able to get a wedding dress from the Red Cross. All AACS personnel in the London area, officer and enlisted, were invited to attend the wedding and reception held at the WAC's billets. They honeymooned in Torquay in the south of England.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAfter the victory in Japan, the AACS headquarters was moved to Wiesbaden, Germany. In Wiesbaden Viola set up housing for her WACs. She and Dewey were unable to get quarters together and eventually decided to go home. They were able to fly back to the US in a B-17, Dewey being one of the pilots. Unfortunately, her homecoming was bittersweet as she found out that her brother was one of 97 civilian prisoners on Wake Island gunned down by the Japanese in October 1943.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nCharles Elmer Smith or Elmer as everyone called him, was born in Grant Florida on January 15, 1916 and he died October 1943. He was the 7th child and my Mother, Viola B Smith, was the 8th.  They were close and being the youngest two, grew up together. My Mother has written a paper entitled \"What I remember about Charles Elmer Smith.\"  This paper describes their relationship.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSmith was a civilian construction worker, welder, on Wake Island in 1941 helping to construct an air base.  He was one of 1150 civilian contractors captured by the Japanese in December of that year. Soon after this happened Viola enlisted in the Woman's Army Corp to help bring him home faster. According to my mother, Grandma traveled to Cassadaga, FL in hopes of gaining spiritual information on her son.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nMy Mother found out after the war ended that he never made it off Wake Island. Elmer and 97 other civilian prisoners were gunned down by the Japanese in October 1943. In 1946 a newspaper article told of several survivors of Japanese prison camps getting in touch with Uncle Elmer's parents relating what a wonderful job he did helping man the guns during the battle.  He was also given command of the men remaining on the island.  The letter from the Navy included the following: \"The knowledge that your son was doing his part for the defense of this nation should console you in your bereavement.\"\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nDewey S McClellan was born in Oceanside, California on July 25,1920 and he died July 9,1998. He received his associate degree in June 1940 from Taft Junior College. In October of that year he attended a Private Flying School in Santa Maria, California for 8 weeks. He graduated November 30, 1940.  As Dewey was eager to fly and the US was not in WW II yet, he and a friend looked into flying for the Royal Canadian Air Force. Instead Dewey became an Aviation Cadet in the US Army. He graduated from the Air Corps Training Center at Luke Field in Arizona on January 9, 1942. He went into active service January 9, 1942 as a second lieutenant and was stationed at Morrison Field, Florida. He was assigned to the Air Corp Ferring Command.  Dewey flew four-engine aircraft from the US to England and the US to India. He was a crew commander and was assigned to the 3rs ferrying group of the Air Transport Command.\nLater Captain Dewey McClellan became a pilot and Communications Officer for the 5th Army Airways Communication System based in London. He installed and flight checked communications equipment and navigational aids for all aircraft, US and allied, in the European Theater of operations. \n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nLondon was where he met his future wife, my mother, Captain Viola Smith. They were both part of the 5th AACS and met at a wiener roast in Hyde Park. They were married July 1, 1945 in the Church of England on Vere Street in London. All AACS personal in the London area, officer and enlisted, were invited to attend the wedding and reception. They honeymooned in Torquay in the south of England.\nAfter victory in Japan, the AACS headquarters was moved to Wiesbaden, Germany. Unable to get quarters together, they eventually were able to fly back to the US in a B-17, Dewey being one of the pilots. Dewey's date of separation was December 29, 1946.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThese biographies were written by Susan Smith, the donor of this collection,  in November 2020. Susan Smith is the daughter of Viola B. McClellan and Dewey S. McClellan.\u003c/p\u003e"]}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/ec8fa364d25375bd1b750078_aspace_09739b26e8fed40ca23377263350ab0c"}},{"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_54622","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Violaceae, 1954","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_54622#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_54622","ref_ssm":["aspace_54622","aspace_54622"],"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_54622","title_filing_ssi":"Violaceae","title_ssm":["Violaceae"],"title_tesim":["Violaceae"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1954"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1954"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Violaceae, 1954"],"text":["Violaceae, 1954","Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Plants By Family Files, 1908-1990.","Folder 14","/repositories/4/archival_objects/33838","box 150","folder 14"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_54557"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Plants By Family Files, 1908-1990."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Plants By Family Files, 1908-1990."],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 14","/repositories/4/archival_objects/33838"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":3123,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n\n  Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence\n  Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"\n"],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1954],"containers_ssim":["box 150","folder 14"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#61","_nest_parent_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_54557","_root_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:53:59.490Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","title_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection"],"title_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection"],"ead_ssi":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","unitdate_ssm":["1754-2014"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1754-2014"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148"],"text":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148","Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Marineland (Fla.)","Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)","The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"","The collection is divided into eight series by type of file.","Michael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004.","Materials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023.","A large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library  Online Catalog .  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling  and the  Henry Nehrling Papers  are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the  Harry P. Leu Gardens . The  Henry Nehrling Collection  and the  Theodore L. Mead Collection  are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the  Smithsonian Institution Archives .","Series I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.","\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.","\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.","\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.","\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.","\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.","\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.","\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder.","Michael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here.","UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society","Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1754-2014"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"collection_title_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"collection_ssim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"creator_ssm":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creator_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creators_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"places_ssim":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Some of these materials were donated to and others were purchased by the University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives from Michael A. Spencer in 2006 (CFM2006_09), 2011 (CFM2011_02), 2012 (CFM2012_10), and 2014 (CFM2014_01)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["130 Linear Feet 259 boxes, 2 flat files"],"extent_tesim":["130 Linear Feet 259 boxes, 2 flat files"],"genreform_ssim":["botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"date_range_isim":[1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBoxes 180-181: Personal correspondence\u003c/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBoxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\""],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into eight series by type of file.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into eight series by type of file."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Materials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library \u003cextref href=\"https://library.ucf.edu\"\u003eOnline Catalog\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08c\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally\u003c/extref\u003e, \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08b\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead\u003c/extref\u003e, \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08a\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling\u003c/extref\u003e and the \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM1999-03\"\u003eHenry Nehrling Papers\u003c/extref\u003e are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the \u003cextref href=\"http://www.leugardens.org/\"\u003eHarry P. Leu Gardens\u003c/extref\u003e. The \u003cextref href=\"https://aspace.rollins.edu/repositories/2/resources/4\"\u003eHenry Nehrling Collection\u003c/extref\u003e and the \u003cextref href=\"https://aspace.rollins.edu/repositories/2/resources/97\"\u003eTheodore L. Mead Collection\u003c/extref\u003e are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the \u003cextref href=\"http://siarchives.si.edu/\"\u003eSmithsonian Institution Archives\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["A large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library  Online Catalog .  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling  and the  Henry Nehrling Papers  are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the  Harry P. Leu Gardens . The  Henry Nehrling Collection  and the  Theodore L. Mead Collection  are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the  Smithsonian Institution Archives ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.","\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.","\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.","\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.","\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.","\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.","\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.","\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Copyright Statement"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8e33310d6b1a70e4d88f1e2d3043cf71\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here."],"names_coll_ssim":["Bromeliad Society","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society","Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society"],"persname_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3662,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:53:59.490Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_54622"}},{"id":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_acaf5de8f145d8a14e32cadb4f8dede6","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Violence and Court Cases (1 of 2)., 1898-2010, Undated","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_acaf5de8f145d8a14e32cadb4f8dede6#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_acaf5de8f145d8a14e32cadb4f8dede6","ref_ssm":["aspace_acaf5de8f145d8a14e32cadb4f8dede6","aspace_acaf5de8f145d8a14e32cadb4f8dede6"],"id":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_acaf5de8f145d8a14e32cadb4f8dede6","title_filing_ssi":"Violence and Court Cases (1 of 2).","title_ssm":["Violence and Court Cases (1 of 2)."],"title_tesim":["Violence and Court Cases (1 of 2)."],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1898-2010, Undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1898-2010, Undated"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Violence and Court Cases (1 of 2)., 1898-2010, Undated"],"text":["Violence and Court Cases (1 of 2)., 1898-2010, Undated","José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated","Folder 1","/repositories/4/archival_objects/54031","box 11","folder 1"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_e0da8a351e89d497ae16650ae623f50e"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 1","/repositories/4/archival_objects/54031"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":152,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"containers_ssim":["box 11","folder 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#41","_nest_parent_":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_e0da8a351e89d497ae16650ae623f50e","_root_":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","_version_":1870857755411087360,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:03:10.972Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","title_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection"],"title_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection"],"ead_ssi":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","unitdate_ssm":["1887-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1887-2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204"],"text":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204","José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs","Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","The entire collection is open for research.","José Guerra Alemán was born to José Guerra and Herminia Alemán-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as José Guerra Alemán, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pepín. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pepín. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.","In his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ejército) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 División de Infantería) called División Relámpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.","Once he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of Él País, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.","One of those encounters, José Guerra Alemán climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with José García and Eduardo Hernández (Guayo) in the same company. José Guerra Alemán directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.","With his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote Aún Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayorías Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (Díalogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biografía de su Abuelo el General José Braulio Alemán). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.","Understanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of José Guerra Alemán's identity. Jose Guerra Alemán's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named José Braulio Guerra Alemán fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, José Manuel Alemán, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ramón Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Auténtico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.","He rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alemán. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business.","Materials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately.","Books collected by José Guerra Alemán can be found by performing a series search for \"José Guerra Alemán Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog.","This collection was arranged in seven series:","\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alemán took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.","\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alemán used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.","\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. ","\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of José G. Alemán and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".","\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.","\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\"","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder.","The collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist José Guerra Alemán. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita.","UCF Special Collections","Guerra Alemán, José","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1887-2013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"collection_title_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"collection_ssim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"geogname_ssim":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"creator_ssm":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creator_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creators_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"places_ssim":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated by Carlos Guerra, José Guerra Alemán's son, to the University of Central Florida Libraries in 2014. (CFM2014_07)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["17.5 Linear Feet 20 boxes, 1 Flat File"],"extent_tesim":["17.5 Linear Feet 20 boxes, 1 Flat File"],"genreform_ssim":["correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"date_range_isim":[1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n was born to Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra and Herminia Alem\u0026#xE1;n-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pep\u0026#xED;n. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pep\u0026#xED;n. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ej\u0026#xE9;rcito) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 Divisi\u0026#xF3;n de Infanter\u0026#xED;a) called Divisi\u0026#xF3;n Rel\u0026#xE1;mpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOnce he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of \u0026#xC9;l Pa\u0026#xED;s, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOne of those encounters, Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with Jos\u0026#xE9; Garc\u0026#xED;a and Eduardo Hern\u0026#xE1;ndez (Guayo) in the same company. Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWith his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote A\u0026#xFA;n Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayor\u0026#xED;as Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (D\u0026#xED;alogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biograf\u0026#xED;a de su Abuelo el General Jos\u0026#xE9; Braulio Alem\u0026#xE1;n). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnderstanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n's identity. Jose Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named Jos\u0026#xE9; Braulio Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, Jos\u0026#xE9; Manuel Alem\u0026#xE1;n, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ram\u0026#xF3;n Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Aut\u0026#xE9;ntico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alem\u0026#xE1;n. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán was born to José Guerra and Herminia Alemán-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as José Guerra Alemán, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pepín. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pepín. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.","In his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ejército) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 División de Infantería) called División Relámpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.","Once he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of Él País, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.","One of those encounters, José Guerra Alemán climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with José García and Eduardo Hernández (Guayo) in the same company. José Guerra Alemán directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.","With his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote Aún Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayorías Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (Díalogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biografía de su Abuelo el General José Braulio Alemán). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.","Understanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of José Guerra Alemán's identity. Jose Guerra Alemán's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named José Braulio Guerra Alemán fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, José Manuel Alemán, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ramón Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Auténtico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.","He rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alemán. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n Collection, Special Collections and UniversityArchives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, Special Collections and UniversityArchives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Materials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks collected by Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n can be found by performing a series search for \"Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Books collected by José Guerra Alemán can be found by performing a series search for \"José Guerra Alemán Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was arranged in seven series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alem\u0026#xE1;n took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alem\u0026#xE1;n used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of Jos\u0026#xE9; G. Alem\u0026#xE1;n and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection was arranged in seven series:","\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alemán took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.","\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alemán used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.","\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. ","\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of José G. Alemán and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".","\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.","\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e4d41ff341ce7470c0d40282c3f71dd8\"\u003eThe collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist José Guerra Alemán. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita."],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Guerra Alemán, José"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":282,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870857755411087360,"_root_":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:03:10.972Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_acaf5de8f145d8a14e32cadb4f8dede6"}},{"id":"e609653f2a23d163f1345201","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Virgil R. Deane Collection, 1944-1970","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/e609653f2a23d163f1345201#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Deane, Virgil R., 1915-1999"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/e609653f2a23d163f1345201#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of 213 photographs and other miscellaneous materials, including Deane's photo order book for January 1945. The photographs are primarily 8x10 black and white prints, featuring daylight scenes. With only a few exceptions, the photographs are undated, with the earliest known photograph in the collection being 1944. Empirical evidence dates the majority of the collection as mid-twentieth century, ca. 1945-1965. The Jacksonville Beaches area is the prime setting for most of the photographs. Scenes and events depicted range from Beach parades, extensive Boardwalk activities (ferris wheel, carousel, bingo, arcade games, etc.), interior and exterior views of the Ponte Vedra Inn, African-American school children and group dinner events, and several unique 1950s road scenes. Major subject categories with their corresponding number of photographs include: Personal and group photographs - 37 Beaches - 48 Boats and the Intracoastal Waterway - 11 Hospitals - 1 Hotels, motels and apartments - 10 Jacksonville Beach (Fla.)--Boardwalk - 38 Ponte Vedra Inn (Ponte Vedra, Fla.) - 23 Restaurants and bars - 10 Retail and business establishments - 14 Roads and streets - 3 Schools - 18\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/e609653f2a23d163f1345201#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"e609653f2a23d163f1345201","title_ssm":["Virgil R. Deane Collection"],"title_tesim":["Virgil R. Deane Collection"],"ead_ssi":"e609653f2a23d163f1345201","unitdate_ssm":["1944-1970"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1944-1970"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["2002.001","/repositories/3/resources/34"],"text":["2002.001","/repositories/3/resources/34","Virgil R. Deane Collection, 1944-1970","Jacksonville Beach (Fla.)--History--Photographs.","Photographers--Florida--Jacksonville Beach.","The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.","Professional photographer, instructor. Virgil R. Deane was born in Mount Airy, North Carolina, in 1915. He opened his photography studio in Jacksonville Beach, Florida, in 1943. Major photographic assignments included a long tenure, 1947 - 1965, as staff photographer for Fletcher High School in Jacksonville Beach, and extensive work for national advertising agencies. His business clients included Winn-Dixie, General Electric, Life / Fortune / Time and other journals, United Press, Florida Times-Union / Jacksonville Journal, and Ponte Vedra Inn. Deane was also a photography instructor at Florida Community College. He maintained his studio unitil 1989, and died in Jacksonville Beach in November 1999.","Note written by ","The collection consists of 213 photographs and other miscellaneous materials, including Deane's photo order book for January 1945. The photographs are primarily 8x10 black and white prints, featuring daylight scenes. With only a few exceptions, the photographs are undated, with the earliest known photograph in the collection being 1944. Empirical evidence dates the majority of the collection as mid-twentieth century, ca. 1945-1965.\nThe Jacksonville Beaches area is the prime setting for most of the photographs. Scenes and events depicted range from Beach parades, extensive Boardwalk activities (ferris wheel, carousel, bingo, arcade games, etc.), interior and exterior views of the Ponte Vedra Inn, African-American school children and group dinner events, and several unique 1950s road scenes. Major subject categories with their corresponding number of photographs include:\nPersonal and group photographs - 37\nBeaches - 48\nBoats and the Intracoastal Waterway - 11\nHospitals - 1\nHotels, motels and apartments - 10\nJacksonville Beach (Fla.)--Boardwalk - 38\nPonte Vedra Inn (Ponte Vedra, Fla.) - 23\nRestaurants and bars - 10\nRetail and business establishments - 14\nRoads and streets - 3\nSchools - 18","Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information","UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","Deane, Virgil R., 1915-1999","English"],"unitid_tesim":["2002.001","/repositories/3/resources/34"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1944-1970"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virgil R. Deane Collection, 1944-1970"],"collection_title_tesim":["Virgil R. Deane Collection, 1944-1970"],"collection_ssim":["Virgil R. Deane Collection, 1944-1970"],"repository_ssm":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Jacksonville Beach (Fla.)--History--Photographs."],"geogname_ssim":["Jacksonville Beach (Fla.)--History--Photographs."],"creator_ssm":["Deane, Virgil R., 1915-1999"],"creator_ssim":["Deane, Virgil R., 1915-1999"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Deane, Virgil R., 1915-1999"],"creators_ssim":["Deane, Virgil R., 1915-1999"],"places_ssim":["Jacksonville Beach (Fla.)--History--Photographs."],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was acquired through donation from Valarie Lockwood in 2001"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Photographers--Florida--Jacksonville Beach."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Photographers--Florida--Jacksonville Beach."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.70 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["4.70 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProfessional photographer, instructor. Virgil R. Deane was born in Mount Airy, North Carolina, in 1915. He opened his photography studio in Jacksonville Beach, Florida, in 1943. Major photographic assignments included a long tenure, 1947 - 1965, as staff photographer for Fletcher High School in Jacksonville Beach, and extensive work for national advertising agencies. His business clients included Winn-Dixie, General Electric, Life / Fortune / Time and other journals, United Press, Florida Times-Union / Jacksonville Journal, and Ponte Vedra Inn. Deane was also a photography instructor at Florida Community College. He maintained his studio unitil 1989, and died in Jacksonville Beach in November 1999.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Professional photographer, instructor. Virgil R. Deane was born in Mount Airy, North Carolina, in 1915. He opened his photography studio in Jacksonville Beach, Florida, in 1943. Major photographic assignments included a long tenure, 1947 - 1965, as staff photographer for Fletcher High School in Jacksonville Beach, and extensive work for national advertising agencies. His business clients included Winn-Dixie, General Electric, Life / Fortune / Time and other journals, United Press, Florida Times-Union / Jacksonville Journal, and Ponte Vedra Inn. Deane was also a photography instructor at Florida Community College. He maintained his studio unitil 1989, and died in Jacksonville Beach in November 1999.","Note written by "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirgil R. Deane Collection, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Virgil R. Deane Collection, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of 213 photographs and other miscellaneous materials, including Deane's photo order book for January 1945. The photographs are primarily 8x10 black and white prints, featuring daylight scenes. With only a few exceptions, the photographs are undated, with the earliest known photograph in the collection being 1944. Empirical evidence dates the majority of the collection as mid-twentieth century, ca. 1945-1965.\nThe Jacksonville Beaches area is the prime setting for most of the photographs. Scenes and events depicted range from Beach parades, extensive Boardwalk activities (ferris wheel, carousel, bingo, arcade games, etc.), interior and exterior views of the Ponte Vedra Inn, African-American school children and group dinner events, and several unique 1950s road scenes. Major subject categories with their corresponding number of photographs include:\nPersonal and group photographs - 37\nBeaches - 48\nBoats and the Intracoastal Waterway - 11\nHospitals - 1\nHotels, motels and apartments - 10\nJacksonville Beach (Fla.)--Boardwalk - 38\nPonte Vedra Inn (Ponte Vedra, Fla.) - 23\nRestaurants and bars - 10\nRetail and business establishments - 14\nRoads and streets - 3\nSchools - 18\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of 213 photographs and other miscellaneous materials, including Deane's photo order book for January 1945. The photographs are primarily 8x10 black and white prints, featuring daylight scenes. With only a few exceptions, the photographs are undated, with the earliest known photograph in the collection being 1944. Empirical evidence dates the majority of the collection as mid-twentieth century, ca. 1945-1965.\nThe Jacksonville Beaches area is the prime setting for most of the photographs. Scenes and events depicted range from Beach parades, extensive Boardwalk activities (ferris wheel, carousel, bingo, arcade games, etc.), interior and exterior views of the Ponte Vedra Inn, African-American school children and group dinner events, and several unique 1950s road scenes. Major subject categories with their corresponding number of photographs include:\nPersonal and group photographs - 37\nBeaches - 48\nBoats and the Intracoastal Waterway - 11\nHospitals - 1\nHotels, motels and apartments - 10\nJacksonville Beach (Fla.)--Boardwalk - 38\nPonte Vedra Inn (Ponte Vedra, Fla.) - 23\nRestaurants and bars - 10\nRetail and business establishments - 14\nRoads and streets - 3\nSchools - 18"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"names_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","Deane, Virgil R., 1915-1999"],"corpname_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Deane, Virgil R., 1915-1999"],"persname_ssim":["Deane, Virgil R., 1915-1999"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870860513882144768,"_root_":"e609653f2a23d163f1345201","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:47:01.668Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"e609653f2a23d163f1345201","title_ssm":["Virgil R. Deane Collection"],"title_tesim":["Virgil R. Deane Collection"],"ead_ssi":"e609653f2a23d163f1345201","unitdate_ssm":["1944-1970"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1944-1970"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["2002.001","/repositories/3/resources/34"],"text":["2002.001","/repositories/3/resources/34","Virgil R. Deane Collection, 1944-1970","Jacksonville Beach (Fla.)--History--Photographs.","Photographers--Florida--Jacksonville Beach.","The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.","Professional photographer, instructor. Virgil R. Deane was born in Mount Airy, North Carolina, in 1915. He opened his photography studio in Jacksonville Beach, Florida, in 1943. Major photographic assignments included a long tenure, 1947 - 1965, as staff photographer for Fletcher High School in Jacksonville Beach, and extensive work for national advertising agencies. His business clients included Winn-Dixie, General Electric, Life / Fortune / Time and other journals, United Press, Florida Times-Union / Jacksonville Journal, and Ponte Vedra Inn. Deane was also a photography instructor at Florida Community College. He maintained his studio unitil 1989, and died in Jacksonville Beach in November 1999.","Note written by ","The collection consists of 213 photographs and other miscellaneous materials, including Deane's photo order book for January 1945. The photographs are primarily 8x10 black and white prints, featuring daylight scenes. With only a few exceptions, the photographs are undated, with the earliest known photograph in the collection being 1944. Empirical evidence dates the majority of the collection as mid-twentieth century, ca. 1945-1965.\nThe Jacksonville Beaches area is the prime setting for most of the photographs. Scenes and events depicted range from Beach parades, extensive Boardwalk activities (ferris wheel, carousel, bingo, arcade games, etc.), interior and exterior views of the Ponte Vedra Inn, African-American school children and group dinner events, and several unique 1950s road scenes. Major subject categories with their corresponding number of photographs include:\nPersonal and group photographs - 37\nBeaches - 48\nBoats and the Intracoastal Waterway - 11\nHospitals - 1\nHotels, motels and apartments - 10\nJacksonville Beach (Fla.)--Boardwalk - 38\nPonte Vedra Inn (Ponte Vedra, Fla.) - 23\nRestaurants and bars - 10\nRetail and business establishments - 14\nRoads and streets - 3\nSchools - 18","Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information","UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","Deane, Virgil R., 1915-1999","English"],"unitid_tesim":["2002.001","/repositories/3/resources/34"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1944-1970"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virgil R. Deane Collection, 1944-1970"],"collection_title_tesim":["Virgil R. Deane Collection, 1944-1970"],"collection_ssim":["Virgil R. Deane Collection, 1944-1970"],"repository_ssm":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Jacksonville Beach (Fla.)--History--Photographs."],"geogname_ssim":["Jacksonville Beach (Fla.)--History--Photographs."],"creator_ssm":["Deane, Virgil R., 1915-1999"],"creator_ssim":["Deane, Virgil R., 1915-1999"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Deane, Virgil R., 1915-1999"],"creators_ssim":["Deane, Virgil R., 1915-1999"],"places_ssim":["Jacksonville Beach (Fla.)--History--Photographs."],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was acquired through donation from Valarie Lockwood in 2001"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Photographers--Florida--Jacksonville Beach."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Photographers--Florida--Jacksonville Beach."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.70 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["4.70 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProfessional photographer, instructor. Virgil R. Deane was born in Mount Airy, North Carolina, in 1915. He opened his photography studio in Jacksonville Beach, Florida, in 1943. Major photographic assignments included a long tenure, 1947 - 1965, as staff photographer for Fletcher High School in Jacksonville Beach, and extensive work for national advertising agencies. His business clients included Winn-Dixie, General Electric, Life / Fortune / Time and other journals, United Press, Florida Times-Union / Jacksonville Journal, and Ponte Vedra Inn. Deane was also a photography instructor at Florida Community College. He maintained his studio unitil 1989, and died in Jacksonville Beach in November 1999.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Professional photographer, instructor. Virgil R. Deane was born in Mount Airy, North Carolina, in 1915. He opened his photography studio in Jacksonville Beach, Florida, in 1943. Major photographic assignments included a long tenure, 1947 - 1965, as staff photographer for Fletcher High School in Jacksonville Beach, and extensive work for national advertising agencies. His business clients included Winn-Dixie, General Electric, Life / Fortune / Time and other journals, United Press, Florida Times-Union / Jacksonville Journal, and Ponte Vedra Inn. Deane was also a photography instructor at Florida Community College. He maintained his studio unitil 1989, and died in Jacksonville Beach in November 1999.","Note written by "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirgil R. Deane Collection, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Virgil R. Deane Collection, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of 213 photographs and other miscellaneous materials, including Deane's photo order book for January 1945. The photographs are primarily 8x10 black and white prints, featuring daylight scenes. With only a few exceptions, the photographs are undated, with the earliest known photograph in the collection being 1944. Empirical evidence dates the majority of the collection as mid-twentieth century, ca. 1945-1965.\nThe Jacksonville Beaches area is the prime setting for most of the photographs. Scenes and events depicted range from Beach parades, extensive Boardwalk activities (ferris wheel, carousel, bingo, arcade games, etc.), interior and exterior views of the Ponte Vedra Inn, African-American school children and group dinner events, and several unique 1950s road scenes. Major subject categories with their corresponding number of photographs include:\nPersonal and group photographs - 37\nBeaches - 48\nBoats and the Intracoastal Waterway - 11\nHospitals - 1\nHotels, motels and apartments - 10\nJacksonville Beach (Fla.)--Boardwalk - 38\nPonte Vedra Inn (Ponte Vedra, Fla.) - 23\nRestaurants and bars - 10\nRetail and business establishments - 14\nRoads and streets - 3\nSchools - 18\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of 213 photographs and other miscellaneous materials, including Deane's photo order book for January 1945. The photographs are primarily 8x10 black and white prints, featuring daylight scenes. With only a few exceptions, the photographs are undated, with the earliest known photograph in the collection being 1944. Empirical evidence dates the majority of the collection as mid-twentieth century, ca. 1945-1965.\nThe Jacksonville Beaches area is the prime setting for most of the photographs. Scenes and events depicted range from Beach parades, extensive Boardwalk activities (ferris wheel, carousel, bingo, arcade games, etc.), interior and exterior views of the Ponte Vedra Inn, African-American school children and group dinner events, and several unique 1950s road scenes. Major subject categories with their corresponding number of photographs include:\nPersonal and group photographs - 37\nBeaches - 48\nBoats and the Intracoastal Waterway - 11\nHospitals - 1\nHotels, motels and apartments - 10\nJacksonville Beach (Fla.)--Boardwalk - 38\nPonte Vedra Inn (Ponte Vedra, Fla.) - 23\nRestaurants and bars - 10\nRetail and business establishments - 14\nRoads and streets - 3\nSchools - 18"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"names_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","Deane, Virgil R., 1915-1999"],"corpname_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Deane, Virgil R., 1915-1999"],"persname_ssim":["Deane, Virgil R., 1915-1999"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870860513882144768,"_root_":"e609653f2a23d163f1345201","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:47:01.668Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/e609653f2a23d163f1345201"}},{"id":"a0b8dca0cc27e719e79a099f_aspace_607a096168aa0abf285a76a6a0142e26","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Virgin Cypress Strand and Historic Bird Rookery Saved, 1954-11-12","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/a0b8dca0cc27e719e79a099f_aspace_607a096168aa0abf285a76a6a0142e26#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["National Audubon Society."],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/a0b8dca0cc27e719e79a099f_aspace_607a096168aa0abf285a76a6a0142e26#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_607a096168aa0abf285a76a6a0142e26","ref_ssm":["aspace_607a096168aa0abf285a76a6a0142e26","aspace_607a096168aa0abf285a76a6a0142e26"],"id":"a0b8dca0cc27e719e79a099f_aspace_607a096168aa0abf285a76a6a0142e26","title_filing_ssi":"Virgin Cypress Strand and Historic Bird Rookery Saved","title_ssm":["Virgin Cypress Strand and Historic Bird Rookery Saved"],"title_tesim":["Virgin Cypress Strand and Historic Bird Rookery Saved"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1954-11-12"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1954-11-12"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virgin Cypress Strand and Historic Bird Rookery Saved, 1954-11-12"],"text":["Virgin Cypress Strand and Historic Bird Rookery Saved, 1954-11-12","Audubon Society Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary records, 1937-2019","Subject Files","National Audubon Society – Policy- National Audubon Society – Schlitz Audubon Center","National Audubon Society – Publications","/repositories/2/archival_objects/198389","box 61","folder 7","object 6","National Audubon Society."],"component_level_isim":[4],"parent_ids_ssim":["a0b8dca0cc27e719e79a099f","a0b8dca0cc27e719e79a099f_aspace_4c29981ab2b06aeb8893c7a0e3a6accb","a0b8dca0cc27e719e79a099f_aspace_210eb3c0507bf4631272608bab24ce98","a0b8dca0cc27e719e79a099f_aspace_4d783b4daff37809af7c752c807b168e"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Audubon Society Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary records, 1937-2019","Subject Files","National Audubon Society – Policy- National Audubon Society – Schlitz Audubon Center","National Audubon Society – Publications"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Audubon Society Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary records, 1937-2019","Subject Files","National Audubon Society – Policy- National Audubon Society – Schlitz Audubon Center","National Audubon Society – Publications"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Box","File"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/2/archival_objects/198389"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Audubon Society Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary records, 1937-2019"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":1505,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Until 2034, USF Libraries must provide a 90 day notice to Florida Audubon Society in advance of any exhibition or cultural activity initiated by USF Libraries in which the sole focus of the exhibition or activity is the Florida Audubon Society."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"date_range_isim":[1954],"containers_ssim":["box 61","folder 7","object 6"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8f8b6ae107174d5a09e321feb9b36f7a\"\u003eNational Audubon Society.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["National Audubon Society."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#39/components#6/components#5","_nest_parent_":"a0b8dca0cc27e719e79a099f_aspace_4d783b4daff37809af7c752c807b168e","_root_":"a0b8dca0cc27e719e79a099f","_version_":1872946110924849152,"timestamp":"2026-08-08T09:16:41.949Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"a0b8dca0cc27e719e79a099f","title_ssm":["Audubon Society Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary records"],"title_tesim":["Audubon Society Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary records"],"ead_ssi":"a0b8dca0cc27e719e79a099f","unitdate_ssm":["1937-2019"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1937-2019"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-2020-03","/repositories/2/resources/583"],"text":["MS-2020-03","/repositories/2/resources/583","Audubon Society Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary records, 1937-2019","Ecology -- Florida","Conservationists -- Florida","Birds -- Habitat -- Florida","Birds -- Migration","Good.","Until 2034, USF Libraries must provide a 90 day notice to Florida Audubon Society in advance of any exhibition or cultural activity initiated by USF Libraries in which the sole focus of the exhibition or activity is the Florida Audubon Society.","This collection is divided into four series: Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary records, subject files, photographs and slides, and oversized material. The first series includes documents from work conducted at the sanctuary proper, though additional related documents may be found in the subject files. Within series, folders are arranged alphabetically.","Audubon Florida's Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary is a site which had been protected by Audubon wardens since the 1910s.  With no interest from the state in preserving the area, Audubon Florida founded the sanctuary in the mid-1950s.  From an initial 5,000 acres, it was expanded to more than 13,000 acres.  It is especially notable for its bald cypress forest and cypress domes, the only part of the original Fakahatchee cypress strand in the area to be preserved from logging, which commenced in 1944. As part of the Corkscrew watershed, the sanctuary is part of the western Everglades. To save the remaining cypress and vital habitat from destruction, Audubon led an effort to raise money to buy the property. By 1954, 5,680 acres were accumulated, the last virgin cypress forest in the entire world and the most important Wood Stork rookery in the U.S. When offered the property, the state of Florida expressed no interest in the site, so Audubon took ownership. By the 1970s and 80s, development had altered the local landscape and made the sanctuary a much less isolated site. Under the leadership of Executive Director (and longtime Audubon employee) Ed Carlson in the 1980s and 90s, the sanctuary incoroporated more formal education programs, a visitor center, and a boardwalk that provides a scenic tour of parts of the property. These records document the activities of the sanctuary, including habitat studies, research materials, educational records, correspondence, and general management of the site, from invasive species mitigation to controlled burns.","The Audubon Florida Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary Records donation included published book materials that are being processed for inclusion into the collection and will be traced on this record.","This collection consists of organizational papers, scientific data, field notebooks, correspondence, photographs and photographic slides, maps, and clippings.","Maps and publications related to the archival collection are cataloged individually and shelved in the Environment and Natural History Collection. Titles and links to the catalog record are available on this finding aid via the \"Cataloged Books, Publications, and Media\" and \"Cataloged Maps\" series.","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","The Audubon Society Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary records contain materials collecting the history of this sanctuary and the scientific and outreach work conducted on the property and surrounding area. In addition, this collection includes research materials from several National Audubon Society projects, including from the Paul J. 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It is especially notable for its bald cypress forest and cypress domes, the only part of the original Fakahatchee cypress strand in the area to be preserved from logging, which commenced in 1944. As part of the Corkscrew watershed, the sanctuary is part of the western Everglades. To save the remaining cypress and vital habitat from destruction, Audubon led an effort to raise money to buy the property. By 1954, 5,680 acres were accumulated, the last virgin cypress forest in the entire world and the most important Wood Stork rookery in the U.S. When offered the property, the state of Florida expressed no interest in the site, so Audubon took ownership. By the 1970s and 80s, development had altered the local landscape and made the sanctuary a much less isolated site. Under the leadership of Executive Director (and longtime Audubon employee) Ed Carlson in the 1980s and 90s, the sanctuary incoroporated more formal education programs, a visitor center, and a boardwalk that provides a scenic tour of parts of the property. These records document the activities of the sanctuary, including habitat studies, research materials, educational records, correspondence, and general management of the site, from invasive species mitigation to controlled burns.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"bioghist_tesim":["Audubon Florida's Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary is a site which had been protected by Audubon wardens since the 1910s.  With no interest from the state in preserving the area, Audubon Florida founded the sanctuary in the mid-1950s.  From an initial 5,000 acres, it was expanded to more than 13,000 acres.  It is especially notable for its bald cypress forest and cypress domes, the only part of the original Fakahatchee cypress strand in the area to be preserved from logging, which commenced in 1944. As part of the Corkscrew watershed, the sanctuary is part of the western Everglades. To save the remaining cypress and vital habitat from destruction, Audubon led an effort to raise money to buy the property. By 1954, 5,680 acres were accumulated, the last virgin cypress forest in the entire world and the most important Wood Stork rookery in the U.S. When offered the property, the state of Florida expressed no interest in the site, so Audubon took ownership. By the 1970s and 80s, development had altered the local landscape and made the sanctuary a much less isolated site. Under the leadership of Executive Director (and longtime Audubon employee) Ed Carlson in the 1980s and 90s, the sanctuary incoroporated more formal education programs, a visitor center, and a boardwalk that provides a scenic tour of parts of the property. These records document the activities of the sanctuary, including habitat studies, research materials, educational records, correspondence, and general management of the site, from invasive species mitigation to controlled burns."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Audubon Florida Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary Records donation included published book materials that are being processed for inclusion into the collection and will be traced on this record.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Cataloged Publications"],"odd_tesim":["The Audubon Florida Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary Records donation included published book materials that are being processed for inclusion into the collection and will be traced on this record."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of organizational papers, scientific data, field notebooks, correspondence, photographs and photographic slides, maps, and clippings.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of organizational papers, scientific data, field notebooks, correspondence, photographs and photographic slides, maps, and clippings."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaps and publications related to the archival collection are cataloged individually and shelved in the Environment and Natural History Collection. Titles and links to the catalog record are available on this finding aid via the \"Cataloged Books, Publications, and Media\" and \"Cataloged Maps\" series.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Maps and publications related to the archival collection are cataloged individually and shelved in the Environment and Natural History Collection. Titles and links to the catalog record are available on this finding aid via the \"Cataloged Books, Publications, and Media\" and \"Cataloged Maps\" series."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0;The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_bf60a5a83f90c49360b71829ac95b658\"\u003eThe Audubon Society Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary records contain materials collecting the history of this sanctuary and the scientific and outreach work conducted on the property and surrounding area. In addition, this collection includes research materials from several National Audubon Society projects, including from the Paul J. Rainey Wildlife Sanctuary and Platte River.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Audubon Society Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary records contain materials collecting the history of this sanctuary and the scientific and outreach work conducted on the property and surrounding area. In addition, this collection includes research materials from several National Audubon Society projects, including from the Paul J. Rainey Wildlife Sanctuary and Platte River."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Ed Carlson"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Ed Carlson"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2704,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1872946110924849152,"_root_":"a0b8dca0cc27e719e79a099f","timestamp":"2026-08-08T09:16:41.949Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/a0b8dca0cc27e719e79a099f_aspace_607a096168aa0abf285a76a6a0142e26"}},{"id":"0f3ff22ed6c6664bd88a5adc","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Virginia Snyder Collection, 1890-2011, Date acquired: 07/15/2011, bulk 1970-1990","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/0f3ff22ed6c6664bd88a5adc#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eBorn near Winchester, Virginia in 1920, Virginia Artrip Snyder moved to Boca Raton, Florida when she entered the inaugural class at Florida Atlantic University in 1964. She received a degree in government and politics in 1965 and went on to become an investigative reporter for the Ft. Lauderdale News and later the Boca Raton News. During her career in journalism she was accorded seven national, state, and local awards for investigative reporting. Mrs. Snyder gained prominence and credibility following her multi-part series that exposed the inhumane conditions at the South Florida State Mental Hospital. As a community activist, Mrs. Snyder spearheaded the establishment of the South County Neighborhood Center in Boca Raton which, in time, grew into the Florence Fuller Day Care Center and the Mae Volen Senior Center. Subsequent to her career as a reporter, Mrs. Snyder embarked on a new endeavor as private investigator. In 1975 she was named one of fourteen \"Outstanding Women of Florida\" by Governor Ruben Askew and one of \"Florida's Finest\" in 1996 by Governor Lawton Chiles. This collection is a compilation of Mrs. Snyder's work as a poet, news reporter, private investigator, and community activist.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/0f3ff22ed6c6664bd88a5adc#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"0f3ff22ed6c6664bd88a5adc","title_ssm":["Virginia Snyder Collection"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Snyder Collection"],"ead_ssi":"0f3ff22ed6c6664bd88a5adc","unitdate_ssm":["1890-2011","1970-1990","Date acquired: 07/15/2011"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1970-1990"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1890-2011"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 07/15/2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SPC00024","/repositories/2/resources/40"],"text":["SPC00024","/repositories/2/resources/40","Virginia Snyder Collection, 1890-2011, Date acquired: 07/15/2011, bulk 1970-1990","Collections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment.","Photocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library.","In 2012, Rrick Cullen, Jaclyn Nowack, and Teresa Van Dyke processed this collection.","Born near Winchester, Virginia in 1920, Virginia Artrip Snyder moved to Boca Raton, Florida when she entered the inaugural class at Florida Atlantic University in 1964. She received a degree in government and politics in 1965 and went on to become an investigative reporter for the Ft. Lauderdale News and later the Boca Raton News. During her career in journalism she was accorded seven national, state, and local awards for investigative reporting. Mrs. Snyder gained prominence and credibility following her multi-part series that exposed the inhumane conditions at the South Florida State Mental Hospital. As a community activist, Mrs. Snyder spearheaded the establishment of the South County Neighborhood Center in Boca Raton which, in time, grew into the Florence Fuller Day Care Center and the Mae Volen Senior Center. Subsequent to her career as a reporter, Mrs. Snyder embarked on a new endeavor as private investigator. In 1975 she was named one of fourteen \"Outstanding Women of Florida\" by Governor Ruben Askew and one of \"Florida's Finest\" in 1996 by Governor Lawton Chiles. This collection is a compilation of Mrs. Snyder's work as a poet, news reporter, private investigator, and community activist.","Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement.","When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder.","Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact  Special Collections .","Florida Atlantic University Libraries","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SPC00024","/repositories/2/resources/40"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1890-2011, Date acquired: 07/15/2011, bulk 1970-1990"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virginia Snyder Collection, 1890-2011, Date acquired: 07/15/2011, bulk 1970-1990"],"collection_title_tesim":["Virginia Snyder Collection, 1890-2011, Date acquired: 07/15/2011, bulk 1970-1990"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Snyder Collection, 1890-2011, Date acquired: 07/15/2011, bulk 1970-1990"],"repository_ssm":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"repository_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement.","When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder.","Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact  Special Collections ."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["43.00 Linear Feet","83 boxes other_unmapped"],"extent_tesim":["43.00 Linear Feet","83 boxes other_unmapped"],"date_range_isim":[1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment.","Photocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection Title including series, if any; Box and item number; Special Collections; Florida Atlantic University Libraries, Boca Raton, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Collection Title including series, if any; Box and item number; Special Collections; Florida Atlantic University Libraries, Boca Raton, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 2012, Rrick Cullen, Jaclyn Nowack, and Teresa Van Dyke processed this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In 2012, Rrick Cullen, Jaclyn Nowack, and Teresa Van Dyke processed this collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn near Winchester, Virginia in 1920, Virginia Artrip Snyder moved to Boca Raton, Florida when she entered the inaugural class at Florida Atlantic University in 1964. She received a degree in government and politics in 1965 and went on to become an investigative reporter for the Ft. Lauderdale News and later the Boca Raton News. During her career in journalism she was accorded seven national, state, and local awards for investigative reporting. Mrs. Snyder gained prominence and credibility following her multi-part series that exposed the inhumane conditions at the South Florida State Mental Hospital. As a community activist, Mrs. Snyder spearheaded the establishment of the South County Neighborhood Center in Boca Raton which, in time, grew into the Florence Fuller Day Care Center and the Mae Volen Senior Center. Subsequent to her career as a reporter, Mrs. Snyder embarked on a new endeavor as private investigator. In 1975 she was named one of fourteen \"Outstanding Women of Florida\" by Governor Ruben Askew and one of \"Florida's Finest\" in 1996 by Governor Lawton Chiles. This collection is a compilation of Mrs. Snyder's work as a poet, news reporter, private investigator, and community activist.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Born near Winchester, Virginia in 1920, Virginia Artrip Snyder moved to Boca Raton, Florida when she entered the inaugural class at Florida Atlantic University in 1964. She received a degree in government and politics in 1965 and went on to become an investigative reporter for the Ft. Lauderdale News and later the Boca Raton News. During her career in journalism she was accorded seven national, state, and local awards for investigative reporting. Mrs. Snyder gained prominence and credibility following her multi-part series that exposed the inhumane conditions at the South Florida State Mental Hospital. As a community activist, Mrs. Snyder spearheaded the establishment of the South County Neighborhood Center in Boca Raton which, in time, grew into the Florence Fuller Day Care Center and the Mae Volen Senior Center. Subsequent to her career as a reporter, Mrs. Snyder embarked on a new endeavor as private investigator. In 1975 she was named one of fourteen \"Outstanding Women of Florida\" by Governor Ruben Askew and one of \"Florida's Finest\" in 1996 by Governor Lawton Chiles. This collection is a compilation of Mrs. Snyder's work as a poet, news reporter, private investigator, and community activist."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhen using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShould the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact \u003ca href=\"mailto:lysca@fau.edu\"\u003eSpecial Collections\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement.","When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder.","Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact  Special Collections ."],"names_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"corpname_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2783,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870842130979618816,"_root_":"0f3ff22ed6c6664bd88a5adc","timestamp":"2026-07-16T03:54:50.079Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"0f3ff22ed6c6664bd88a5adc","title_ssm":["Virginia Snyder Collection"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Snyder Collection"],"ead_ssi":"0f3ff22ed6c6664bd88a5adc","unitdate_ssm":["1890-2011","1970-1990","Date acquired: 07/15/2011"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1970-1990"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1890-2011"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 07/15/2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SPC00024","/repositories/2/resources/40"],"text":["SPC00024","/repositories/2/resources/40","Virginia Snyder Collection, 1890-2011, Date acquired: 07/15/2011, bulk 1970-1990","Collections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment.","Photocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library.","In 2012, Rrick Cullen, Jaclyn Nowack, and Teresa Van Dyke processed this collection.","Born near Winchester, Virginia in 1920, Virginia Artrip Snyder moved to Boca Raton, Florida when she entered the inaugural class at Florida Atlantic University in 1964. She received a degree in government and politics in 1965 and went on to become an investigative reporter for the Ft. Lauderdale News and later the Boca Raton News. During her career in journalism she was accorded seven national, state, and local awards for investigative reporting. Mrs. Snyder gained prominence and credibility following her multi-part series that exposed the inhumane conditions at the South Florida State Mental Hospital. As a community activist, Mrs. Snyder spearheaded the establishment of the South County Neighborhood Center in Boca Raton which, in time, grew into the Florence Fuller Day Care Center and the Mae Volen Senior Center. Subsequent to her career as a reporter, Mrs. Snyder embarked on a new endeavor as private investigator. In 1975 she was named one of fourteen \"Outstanding Women of Florida\" by Governor Ruben Askew and one of \"Florida's Finest\" in 1996 by Governor Lawton Chiles. This collection is a compilation of Mrs. Snyder's work as a poet, news reporter, private investigator, and community activist.","Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement.","When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder.","Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact  Special Collections .","Florida Atlantic University Libraries","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SPC00024","/repositories/2/resources/40"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1890-2011, Date acquired: 07/15/2011, bulk 1970-1990"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virginia Snyder Collection, 1890-2011, Date acquired: 07/15/2011, bulk 1970-1990"],"collection_title_tesim":["Virginia Snyder Collection, 1890-2011, Date acquired: 07/15/2011, bulk 1970-1990"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Snyder Collection, 1890-2011, Date acquired: 07/15/2011, bulk 1970-1990"],"repository_ssm":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"repository_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement.","When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder.","Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact  Special Collections ."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["43.00 Linear Feet","83 boxes other_unmapped"],"extent_tesim":["43.00 Linear Feet","83 boxes other_unmapped"],"date_range_isim":[1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment.","Photocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection Title including series, if any; Box and item number; Special Collections; Florida Atlantic University Libraries, Boca Raton, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Collection Title including series, if any; Box and item number; Special Collections; Florida Atlantic University Libraries, Boca Raton, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 2012, Rrick Cullen, Jaclyn Nowack, and Teresa Van Dyke processed this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In 2012, Rrick Cullen, Jaclyn Nowack, and Teresa Van Dyke processed this collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn near Winchester, Virginia in 1920, Virginia Artrip Snyder moved to Boca Raton, Florida when she entered the inaugural class at Florida Atlantic University in 1964. She received a degree in government and politics in 1965 and went on to become an investigative reporter for the Ft. Lauderdale News and later the Boca Raton News. During her career in journalism she was accorded seven national, state, and local awards for investigative reporting. Mrs. Snyder gained prominence and credibility following her multi-part series that exposed the inhumane conditions at the South Florida State Mental Hospital. As a community activist, Mrs. Snyder spearheaded the establishment of the South County Neighborhood Center in Boca Raton which, in time, grew into the Florence Fuller Day Care Center and the Mae Volen Senior Center. Subsequent to her career as a reporter, Mrs. Snyder embarked on a new endeavor as private investigator. In 1975 she was named one of fourteen \"Outstanding Women of Florida\" by Governor Ruben Askew and one of \"Florida's Finest\" in 1996 by Governor Lawton Chiles. This collection is a compilation of Mrs. Snyder's work as a poet, news reporter, private investigator, and community activist.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Born near Winchester, Virginia in 1920, Virginia Artrip Snyder moved to Boca Raton, Florida when she entered the inaugural class at Florida Atlantic University in 1964. She received a degree in government and politics in 1965 and went on to become an investigative reporter for the Ft. Lauderdale News and later the Boca Raton News. During her career in journalism she was accorded seven national, state, and local awards for investigative reporting. Mrs. Snyder gained prominence and credibility following her multi-part series that exposed the inhumane conditions at the South Florida State Mental Hospital. As a community activist, Mrs. Snyder spearheaded the establishment of the South County Neighborhood Center in Boca Raton which, in time, grew into the Florence Fuller Day Care Center and the Mae Volen Senior Center. Subsequent to her career as a reporter, Mrs. Snyder embarked on a new endeavor as private investigator. In 1975 she was named one of fourteen \"Outstanding Women of Florida\" by Governor Ruben Askew and one of \"Florida's Finest\" in 1996 by Governor Lawton Chiles. This collection is a compilation of Mrs. Snyder's work as a poet, news reporter, private investigator, and community activist."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhen using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShould the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact \u003ca href=\"mailto:lysca@fau.edu\"\u003eSpecial Collections\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement.","When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder.","Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact  Special Collections ."],"names_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"corpname_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2783,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870842130979618816,"_root_":"0f3ff22ed6c6664bd88a5adc","timestamp":"2026-07-16T03:54:50.079Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/0f3ff22ed6c6664bd88a5adc"}},{"id":"bec408ef355489ed2515918e_aspace_10054","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Visual and Derogatory Material, 1800s-1969, Undated","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/bec408ef355489ed2515918e_aspace_10054#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThe series holds an array of \"visual\" material ranging from the early 1800s to the mid-1900's. Included in this series is the bulk of the more controversial racist items in the collection. Examples include derogatory postcards, advertisements, product packaging, magazine and newspaper illustrations, and other assorted ephemera. Flat file materials that consists of newspapers, and sheet music, are also included.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/bec408ef355489ed2515918e_aspace_10054#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_10054","ref_ssm":["aspace_10054","aspace_10054"],"id":"bec408ef355489ed2515918e_aspace_10054","title_filing_ssi":"Visual and Derogatory Material","title_ssm":["Visual and Derogatory Material"],"title_tesim":["Visual and Derogatory Material"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1800s-1969, Undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1800s-1969, Undated"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Visual and Derogatory Material, 1800s-1969, Undated"],"text":["Visual and Derogatory Material, 1800s-1969, Undated","African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003","Series 7","/repositories/4/archival_objects/24178","The series holds an array of \"visual\" material ranging from the early 1800s to the mid-1900's. Included in this series is the bulk of the more controversial racist items in the collection. Examples include derogatory postcards, advertisements, product packaging, magazine and newspaper illustrations, and other assorted ephemera. Flat file materials that consists of newspapers, and sheet music, are also included."],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["bec408ef355489ed2515918e"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Series 7","/repositories/4/archival_objects/24178"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":127,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":1144,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe series holds an array of \"visual\" material ranging from the early 1800s to the mid-1900's. Included in this series is the bulk of the more controversial racist items in the collection. Examples include derogatory postcards, advertisements, product packaging, magazine and newspaper illustrations, and other assorted ephemera. Flat file materials that consists of newspapers, and sheet music, are also included.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The series holds an array of \"visual\" material ranging from the early 1800s to the mid-1900's. Included in this series is the bulk of the more controversial racist items in the collection. Examples include derogatory postcards, advertisements, product packaging, magazine and newspaper illustrations, and other assorted ephemera. Flat file materials that consists of newspapers, and sheet music, are also included."],"_nest_path_":"/components#6","_nest_parent_":"bec408ef355489ed2515918e","_root_":"bec408ef355489ed2515918e","_version_":1879192534963453952,"timestamp":"2026-10-16T08:00:56.160Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"bec408ef355489ed2515918e","title_ssm":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection"],"title_tesim":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection"],"ead_ssi":"bec408ef355489ed2515918e","unitdate_ssm":["1791-2003"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1791-2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC085","/repositories/4/resources/106"],"text":["SC085","/repositories/4/resources/106","African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003","Apopka (Fla.)--History","African Americans -- History","African American photographers","African Americans -- Florida","African Americans -- Photography","Civil Rights","Civil War","photographs","The entire collection is open for research.","Carol Mundy has been an avid collector of African American memorabilia since the early 1990s when she purchased a copy of the 1901 edition of The Complete Life of William McKinley and Story of His Assassination. Included in the book was an 1880 correspondence from the U.S. army to the 10th Cavalry of \"Buffalo Soldiers.\" This discovery was the first step in a journey that would take her around the country in a quest to preserve African American culture. This quest ultimately led to the acquisition of more than 1,500 artifacts and documents that range from 1794 to 2010. Ms. Mundy also founded her own non-profit organization, African American History Education and Culture Society, and has curated a traveling exhibit entitled, \"The African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection.\" Further, Ms. Mundy has partnered with the University of Central Florida's Department of African American Studies to found the \"Carol E. Mundy African American Cultural and Diasporic Research Center\" using artifacts from the collection. According to their website, \"The Center will be fostered through research, dissemination of historical information and social traditions, educational programs, exhibits, conferences and related activities.\"","Processed by John Venecek, Sandra Varry, and Erica England; finding aid created by Nadeen Kiwan. Additional materials added to the collection by Antonice L. Morin in 2021.","A small book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search for the \"Carol Mundy Library\" in the  Online Catalog .","This collection consists of over 1,500 items related to the African American experience in the following formats: monographs, manuscripts, sheet music, pamphlets, journals, newspapers, broadsides, posters, photographs, and rare ephemera. These materials are divided into six topical series:","\nSeries I: Apopka Documents, 1892-1950, consists mostly of the personal papers of local businessmen, George Oden (1862-1939) and Michael Gladden, executor of Oden's estate. Also significant are a number of documents from Ella Wall, an Apopka resident who was the inspiration for a character in Zora Neale Hurston's Mules and Men. Mrs. Wall ran an Orange Grove, and was a close friend and confidant of Michael Gladden, Jr. until her death. Materials in this series largely consist of purchase receipts, tax forms, and other legal documents.","\nSeries II: Civil Rights-era, 1950-1997, consists of ephemera including magazines, sheet music, pamphlets, posters, and post cards. Not all the items in this series pertain directly to the Civil Rights Movement per se; rather they are grouped together because they fall within a specific date range.","\nSeries III: Dolls, circa 1930-1949, includes hand-made Caribbean island dolls, puppets and marionettes originating from the Caribbean.","\nSeries IV: Early America \u0026 Civil War-era, 1794-1892, contains the oldest materials in the collection that bookend the Civil War. Materials include magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, photographs and illustrations. Of particular interest is an original Buffalo Soldier muster roll signed by Colonel Abner Doubleday, discharge papers from 1874, and an authentic slave bill of sale.","\nSeries V: An oversized 19th century bible, 1857-1890, in a protective cloth clamshell and 11 black and white photographs that were originally stored inside the bible. The photographs vary both in subject and format, but do include several tintypes as well as portraits taken by notable African American photographer, James Presley (J.P.) Ball.","\nSeries VI: Photographs, 1860s - 1960s, includes a large collection of photographs that range from the 1860s - the 1960s. The \"assorted\" photographs in this collection are arranged chronologically, but there are several thematic sub-series as well. Those subseries include Bishop College, Civil Rights Movement, Civil Rights-era, South Dakota, and William T. Vernon photographs.","\nSeries VII: Visual Material, 1800s - 1969, consists of advertisements, postcards, product packaging, illustrations from magazines and newspapers, and other assorted \"visual\" ephemera. Much of the material in this series is considered racist or \"derogatory.\"","\nSeries VIII: Miscellaneous, 1880s - 1989, contains a small collection of materials that didn't fit into one of the other series. These materials include booklets, documents, pamphlets, and objects such as pins and medallions.","Series IX: Additional Materials, 1791 - 1990, consists of audio and visual items. In this series there are letters with envelopes and telegraphs. Letters delivered were most commonly with the family members of Blanche Kalfus and James Brasswell. There are official government documents and business documents consisting of receipts, deeds, contracts, notary public certificates, and justice of the peace certificates. This series also includes postcards, greeting, birthday and holiday cards, and invitations. There is memorabilia such as military buttons, pins, and patches, and a Civil War Veterans Metal. The photographs in this series consist of African American men, women, and children along with stereographs consisting of places and group photos. There are many different newsclippings, articles, programs, and advertisements.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","Collector, Ms. Carol Mundy amassed this collection of monographs, manuscripts, sheet music, pamphlets, journals, newspapers, broadsides, posters, photographs, and rare ephemera focusing on the African American history. While the collection is comprehensive both nationally and internationally, it also contains materials that pertain to the African American experience in central Florida.","UCF Special Collections","Mundy, Carol","Ball, James Presley, 1825-1904","Willis, Deborah, 1948-","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC085","/repositories/4/resources/106"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1791-2003"],"normalized_title_ssm":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003"],"collection_title_tesim":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003"],"collection_ssim":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Apopka (Fla.)--History"],"geogname_ssim":["Apopka (Fla.)--History"],"creator_ssm":["Mundy, Carol"],"creator_ssim":["Mundy, Carol"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Mundy, Carol"],"creators_ssim":["Mundy, Carol"],"places_ssim":["Apopka (Fla.)--History"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Most of these materials were purchased by the University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives from Carol Mundy in 2009 (CFM2009_02). Additional materials were donated in 2010/2012 (CFM2012_02) and 2019 (CFM2019_01)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","African American photographers","African Americans -- Florida","African Americans -- Photography","Civil Rights","Civil War","photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","African American photographers","African Americans -- Florida","African Americans -- Photography","Civil Rights","Civil War","photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["26 Linear Feet 36 boxes and 73 flat files"],"extent_tesim":["26 Linear Feet 36 boxes and 73 flat files"],"genreform_ssim":["photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarol Mundy has been an avid collector of African American memorabilia since the early 1990s when she purchased a copy of the 1901 edition of The Complete Life of William McKinley and Story of His Assassination. Included in the book was an 1880 correspondence from the U.S. army to the 10th Cavalry of \"Buffalo Soldiers.\" This discovery was the first step in a journey that would take her around the country in a quest to preserve African American culture. This quest ultimately led to the acquisition of more than 1,500 artifacts and documents that range from 1794 to 2010. Ms. Mundy also founded her own non-profit organization, African American History Education and Culture Society, and has curated a traveling exhibit entitled, \"The African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection.\" Further, Ms. Mundy has partnered with the University of Central Florida's Department of African American Studies to found the \"Carol E. Mundy African American Cultural and Diasporic Research Center\" using artifacts from the collection. According to their website, \"The Center will be fostered through research, dissemination of historical information and social traditions, educational programs, exhibits, conferences and related activities.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Carol Mundy has been an avid collector of African American memorabilia since the early 1990s when she purchased a copy of the 1901 edition of The Complete Life of William McKinley and Story of His Assassination. Included in the book was an 1880 correspondence from the U.S. army to the 10th Cavalry of \"Buffalo Soldiers.\" This discovery was the first step in a journey that would take her around the country in a quest to preserve African American culture. This quest ultimately led to the acquisition of more than 1,500 artifacts and documents that range from 1794 to 2010. Ms. Mundy also founded her own non-profit organization, African American History Education and Culture Society, and has curated a traveling exhibit entitled, \"The African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection.\" Further, Ms. Mundy has partnered with the University of Central Florida's Department of African American Studies to found the \"Carol E. Mundy African American Cultural and Diasporic Research Center\" using artifacts from the collection. According to their website, \"The Center will be fostered through research, dissemination of historical information and social traditions, educational programs, exhibits, conferences and related activities.\""],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAfrican American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1794-2010, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1794-2010, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by John Venecek, Sandra Varry, and Erica England; finding aid created by Nadeen Kiwan. Additional materials added to the collection by Antonice L. Morin in 2021.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by John Venecek, Sandra Varry, and Erica England; finding aid created by Nadeen Kiwan. Additional materials added to the collection by Antonice L. Morin in 2021."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA small book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search for the \"Carol Mundy Library\" in the \u003cextref href=\"https://library.ucf.edu\"\u003eOnline Catalog\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["A small book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search for the \"Carol Mundy Library\" in the  Online Catalog ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of over 1,500 items related to the African American experience in the following formats: monographs, manuscripts, sheet music, pamphlets, journals, newspapers, broadsides, posters, photographs, and rare ephemera. These materials are divided into six topical series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I: Apopka Documents, 1892-1950, consists mostly of the personal papers of local businessmen, George Oden (1862-1939) and Michael Gladden, executor of Oden's estate. Also significant are a number of documents from Ella Wall, an Apopka resident who was the inspiration for a character in Zora Neale Hurston's Mules and Men. Mrs. Wall ran an Orange Grove, and was a close friend and confidant of Michael Gladden, Jr. until her death. Materials in this series largely consist of purchase receipts, tax forms, and other legal documents.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Civil Rights-era, 1950-1997, consists of ephemera including magazines, sheet music, pamphlets, posters, and post cards. Not all the items in this series pertain directly to the Civil Rights Movement per se; rather they are grouped together because they fall within a specific date range.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Dolls, circa 1930-1949, includes hand-made Caribbean island dolls, puppets and marionettes originating from the Caribbean.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Early America \u0026amp; Civil War-era, 1794-1892, contains the oldest materials in the collection that bookend the Civil War. Materials include magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, photographs and illustrations. Of particular interest is an original Buffalo Soldier muster roll signed by Colonel Abner Doubleday, discharge papers from 1874, and an authentic slave bill of sale.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: An oversized 19th century bible, 1857-1890, in a protective cloth clamshell and 11 black and white photographs that were originally stored inside the bible. The photographs vary both in subject and format, but do include several tintypes as well as portraits taken by notable African American photographer, James Presley (J.P.) Ball.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Photographs, 1860s - 1960s, includes a large collection of photographs that range from the 1860s - the 1960s. The \"assorted\" photographs in this collection are arranged chronologically, but there are several thematic sub-series as well. Those subseries include Bishop College, Civil Rights Movement, Civil Rights-era, South Dakota, and William T. Vernon photographs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Visual Material, 1800s - 1969, consists of advertisements, postcards, product packaging, illustrations from magazines and newspapers, and other assorted \"visual\" ephemera. Much of the material in this series is considered racist or \"derogatory.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VIII: Miscellaneous, 1880s - 1989, contains a small collection of materials that didn't fit into one of the other series. These materials include booklets, documents, pamphlets, and objects such as pins and medallions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX: Additional Materials, 1791 - 1990, consists of audio and visual items. In this series there are letters with envelopes and telegraphs. Letters delivered were most commonly with the family members of Blanche Kalfus and James Brasswell. There are official government documents and business documents consisting of receipts, deeds, contracts, notary public certificates, and justice of the peace certificates. This series also includes postcards, greeting, birthday and holiday cards, and invitations. There is memorabilia such as military buttons, pins, and patches, and a Civil War Veterans Metal. The photographs in this series consist of African American men, women, and children along with stereographs consisting of places and group photos. There are many different newsclippings, articles, programs, and advertisements.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of over 1,500 items related to the African American experience in the following formats: monographs, manuscripts, sheet music, pamphlets, journals, newspapers, broadsides, posters, photographs, and rare ephemera. These materials are divided into six topical series:","\nSeries I: Apopka Documents, 1892-1950, consists mostly of the personal papers of local businessmen, George Oden (1862-1939) and Michael Gladden, executor of Oden's estate. Also significant are a number of documents from Ella Wall, an Apopka resident who was the inspiration for a character in Zora Neale Hurston's Mules and Men. Mrs. Wall ran an Orange Grove, and was a close friend and confidant of Michael Gladden, Jr. until her death. Materials in this series largely consist of purchase receipts, tax forms, and other legal documents.","\nSeries II: Civil Rights-era, 1950-1997, consists of ephemera including magazines, sheet music, pamphlets, posters, and post cards. Not all the items in this series pertain directly to the Civil Rights Movement per se; rather they are grouped together because they fall within a specific date range.","\nSeries III: Dolls, circa 1930-1949, includes hand-made Caribbean island dolls, puppets and marionettes originating from the Caribbean.","\nSeries IV: Early America \u0026 Civil War-era, 1794-1892, contains the oldest materials in the collection that bookend the Civil War. Materials include magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, photographs and illustrations. Of particular interest is an original Buffalo Soldier muster roll signed by Colonel Abner Doubleday, discharge papers from 1874, and an authentic slave bill of sale.","\nSeries V: An oversized 19th century bible, 1857-1890, in a protective cloth clamshell and 11 black and white photographs that were originally stored inside the bible. The photographs vary both in subject and format, but do include several tintypes as well as portraits taken by notable African American photographer, James Presley (J.P.) Ball.","\nSeries VI: Photographs, 1860s - 1960s, includes a large collection of photographs that range from the 1860s - the 1960s. The \"assorted\" photographs in this collection are arranged chronologically, but there are several thematic sub-series as well. Those subseries include Bishop College, Civil Rights Movement, Civil Rights-era, South Dakota, and William T. Vernon photographs.","\nSeries VII: Visual Material, 1800s - 1969, consists of advertisements, postcards, product packaging, illustrations from magazines and newspapers, and other assorted \"visual\" ephemera. Much of the material in this series is considered racist or \"derogatory.\"","\nSeries VIII: Miscellaneous, 1880s - 1989, contains a small collection of materials that didn't fit into one of the other series. These materials include booklets, documents, pamphlets, and objects such as pins and medallions.","Series IX: Additional Materials, 1791 - 1990, consists of audio and visual items. In this series there are letters with envelopes and telegraphs. Letters delivered were most commonly with the family members of Blanche Kalfus and James Brasswell. There are official government documents and business documents consisting of receipts, deeds, contracts, notary public certificates, and justice of the peace certificates. This series also includes postcards, greeting, birthday and holiday cards, and invitations. There is memorabilia such as military buttons, pins, and patches, and a Civil War Veterans Metal. The photographs in this series consist of African American men, women, and children along with stereographs consisting of places and group photos. There are many different newsclippings, articles, programs, and advertisements."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4cf0eb7fc38bbc5bdebff00649325802\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCollector, Ms. Carol Mundy amassed this collection of monographs, manuscripts, sheet music, pamphlets, journals, newspapers, broadsides, posters, photographs, and rare ephemera focusing on the African American history. While the collection is comprehensive both nationally and internationally, it also contains materials that pertain to the African American experience in central Florida.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Collector, Ms. Carol Mundy amassed this collection of monographs, manuscripts, sheet music, pamphlets, journals, newspapers, broadsides, posters, photographs, and rare ephemera focusing on the African American history. While the collection is comprehensive both nationally and internationally, it also contains materials that pertain to the African American experience in central Florida."],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Mundy, Carol","Ball, James Presley, 1825-1904","Willis, Deborah, 1948-"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Ball, James Presley, 1825-1904","Willis, Deborah, 1948-"],"persname_ssim":["Mundy, Carol","Ball, James Presley, 1825-1904","Willis, Deborah, 1948-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1675,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1879192534963453952,"_root_":"bec408ef355489ed2515918e","timestamp":"2026-10-16T08:00:56.160Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/bec408ef355489ed2515918e_aspace_10054"}},{"id":"3990c8b0263ef7e4284c134d_aspace_4c324cbce860844b377ae099a4de9933","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Visual Discrimination, Circa 1931-1988","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/3990c8b0263ef7e4284c134d_aspace_4c324cbce860844b377ae099a4de9933#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_4c324cbce860844b377ae099a4de9933","ref_ssm":["aspace_4c324cbce860844b377ae099a4de9933","aspace_4c324cbce860844b377ae099a4de9933"],"id":"3990c8b0263ef7e4284c134d_aspace_4c324cbce860844b377ae099a4de9933","title_filing_ssi":"Visual Discrimination","title_ssm":["Visual Discrimination"],"title_tesim":["Visual Discrimination"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 1931-1988"],"normalized_date_ssm":["Circa 1931-1988"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Visual Discrimination, Circa 1931-1988"],"text":["Visual Discrimination, Circa 1931-1988","Stetson Kennedy Papers, Circa 1936-1995","Works Progress Administration (WPA) Federal Writer's Project Research Papers","/repositories/3/archival_objects/1627","box 7","folder 138"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["3990c8b0263ef7e4284c134d","3990c8b0263ef7e4284c134d_aspace_2195af3280fdd14f76e6dc29fbbb2f37"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Stetson Kennedy Papers, Circa 1936-1995","Works Progress Administration (WPA) Federal Writer's Project Research Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Stetson Kennedy Papers, Circa 1936-1995","Works Progress Administration (WPA) Federal Writer's Project Research Papers"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/3/archival_objects/1627"],"repository_ssim":["Bienes Museum of the Modern Book: The Dianne and Michael Bienes Special Collections and Rare Book Library"],"collection_ssim":["Stetson Kennedy Papers, Circa 1936-1995"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":139,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The Stetson Kennedy Collection is open for research."],"date_range_isim":[1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988],"containers_ssim":["box 7","folder 138"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#105","_nest_parent_":"3990c8b0263ef7e4284c134d_aspace_2195af3280fdd14f76e6dc29fbbb2f37","_root_":"3990c8b0263ef7e4284c134d","_version_":1870839703710728192,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T03:16:15.540Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"3990c8b0263ef7e4284c134d","title_filing_ssi":"Kennedy, Stetson Papers","title_ssm":["Stetson Kennedy Papers"],"title_tesim":["Stetson Kennedy Papers"],"ead_ssi":"3990c8b0263ef7e4284c134d","unitdate_ssm":["Circa 1936-1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 1936-1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["BIENES.1996.1","/repositories/3/resources/33"],"text":["BIENES.1996.1","/repositories/3/resources/33","Stetson Kennedy Papers, Circa 1936-1995","The Stetson Kennedy Collection is open for research.","The series is arranged into two series: Series I. Correspondence and Series II. Works Progress Administration Federal Writers Project Research Papers.","William Stetson Kennedy also known as Stetson Kennedy, was born on October 5, 1911 in Jacksonville, Florida to Willye Stetson and George Wallace Kennedy. He was an American author, folklorist and human rights activist. In 1937, Kennedy worked for the Works Progress Administration's Federal Writer's Project where he collected and recorded folklore in Florida, U.S.A. He is also remembered for infiltrating the Ku Klux Klan during the 1940s, exposing its secrets to authorities and the world.","The Stetson Kennedy Collection was processed at the file level. The finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as aquisitions to the collection.","The Stetson Kennedy Papers contains correspondence, research papers, writings and photographs that document his time within the Works Progress Administration's  Federal Writers Project.","Bienes Museum of the Modern Book: The Dianne and Michael Bienes Special Collections and Rare Book Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["BIENES.1996.1","/repositories/3/resources/33"],"normalized_date_ssm":["Circa 1936-1995"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Stetson Kennedy Papers, Circa 1936-1995"],"collection_title_tesim":["Stetson Kennedy Papers, Circa 1936-1995"],"collection_ssim":["Stetson Kennedy Papers, Circa 1936-1995"],"repository_ssm":["Bienes Museum of the Modern Book: The Dianne and Michael Bienes Special Collections and Rare Book Library"],"repository_ssim":["Bienes Museum of the Modern Book: The Dianne and Michael Bienes Special Collections and Rare Book Library"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Stetson Kennedy papers was donated to the Bienes Museum of the Modern Book by Stetson Kennnedy."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.34 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["3.34 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Stetson Kennedy Collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The Stetson Kennedy Collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe series is arranged into two series: Series I. Correspondence and Series II. Works Progress Administration Federal Writers Project Research Papers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The series is arranged into two series: Series I. Correspondence and Series II. Works Progress Administration Federal Writers Project Research Papers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Stetson Kennedy also known as Stetson Kennedy, was born on October 5, 1911 in Jacksonville, Florida to Willye Stetson and George Wallace Kennedy. He was an American author, folklorist and human rights activist. In 1937, Kennedy worked for the Works Progress Administration's Federal Writer's Project where he collected and recorded folklore in Florida, U.S.A. He is also remembered for infiltrating the Ku Klux Klan during the 1940s, exposing its secrets to authorities and the world.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Stetson Kennedy also known as Stetson Kennedy, was born on October 5, 1911 in Jacksonville, Florida to Willye Stetson and George Wallace Kennedy. He was an American author, folklorist and human rights activist. In 1937, Kennedy worked for the Works Progress Administration's Federal Writer's Project where he collected and recorded folklore in Florida, U.S.A. He is also remembered for infiltrating the Ku Klux Klan during the 1940s, exposing its secrets to authorities and the world."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Stetson Kennedy Papers, Bienes Museum of the Modern Book, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["The Stetson Kennedy Papers, Bienes Museum of the Modern Book, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Stetson Kennedy Collection was processed at the file level. The finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as aquisitions to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The Stetson Kennedy Collection was processed at the file level. The finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as aquisitions to the collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Stetson Kennedy Papers contains correspondence, research papers, writings and photographs that document his time within the Works Progress Administration's  Federal Writers Project.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Stetson Kennedy Papers contains correspondence, research papers, writings and photographs that document his time within the Works Progress Administration's  Federal Writers Project."],"names_ssim":["Bienes Museum of the Modern Book: The Dianne and Michael Bienes Special Collections and Rare Book Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Bienes Museum of the Modern Book: The Dianne and Michael Bienes Special Collections and Rare Book Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":165,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870839703710728192,"_root_":"3990c8b0263ef7e4284c134d","timestamp":"2026-07-16T03:16:15.540Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/3990c8b0263ef7e4284c134d_aspace_4c324cbce860844b377ae099a4de9933"}},{"id":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_7c7243b4d414f992a8def17111639498","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_7c7243b4d414f992a8def17111639498#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis series includes photographs and negatives of José G. Alemán and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_7c7243b4d414f992a8def17111639498#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_7c7243b4d414f992a8def17111639498","ref_ssm":["aspace_7c7243b4d414f992a8def17111639498","aspace_7c7243b4d414f992a8def17111639498"],"id":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_7c7243b4d414f992a8def17111639498","title_filing_ssi":"Visual Materials","title_ssm":["Visual Materials"],"title_tesim":["Visual Materials"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 1900-Circa 2000"],"normalized_date_ssm":["Circa 1900-Circa 2000"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000"],"text":["Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000","José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","5","/repositories/4/archival_objects/54111","This series includes photographs and negatives of José G. Alemán and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\"."],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["725898a1a41349eb30ec365d"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["5","/repositories/4/archival_objects/54111"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":3,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":232,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis series includes photographs and negatives of Jos\u0026#xE9; G. Alem\u0026#xE1;n and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This series includes photographs and negatives of José G. Alemán and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\"."],"_nest_path_":"/components#4","_nest_parent_":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","_root_":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","_version_":1870857755411087360,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:03:10.972Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","title_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection"],"title_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection"],"ead_ssi":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","unitdate_ssm":["1887-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1887-2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204"],"text":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204","José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs","Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","The entire collection is open for research.","José Guerra Alemán was born to José Guerra and Herminia Alemán-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as José Guerra Alemán, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pepín. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pepín. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.","In his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ejército) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 División de Infantería) called División Relámpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.","Once he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of Él País, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.","One of those encounters, José Guerra Alemán climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with José García and Eduardo Hernández (Guayo) in the same company. José Guerra Alemán directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.","With his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote Aún Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayorías Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (Díalogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biografía de su Abuelo el General José Braulio Alemán). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.","Understanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of José Guerra Alemán's identity. Jose Guerra Alemán's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named José Braulio Guerra Alemán fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, José Manuel Alemán, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ramón Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Auténtico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.","He rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alemán. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business.","Materials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately.","Books collected by José Guerra Alemán can be found by performing a series search for \"José Guerra Alemán Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog.","This collection was arranged in seven series:","\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alemán took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.","\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alemán used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.","\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. ","\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of José G. Alemán and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".","\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.","\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\"","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder.","The collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist José Guerra Alemán. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita.","UCF Special Collections","Guerra Alemán, José","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1887-2013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"collection_title_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"collection_ssim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"geogname_ssim":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"creator_ssm":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creator_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creators_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"places_ssim":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated by Carlos Guerra, José Guerra Alemán's son, to the University of Central Florida Libraries in 2014. (CFM2014_07)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["17.5 Linear Feet 20 boxes, 1 Flat File"],"extent_tesim":["17.5 Linear Feet 20 boxes, 1 Flat File"],"genreform_ssim":["correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"date_range_isim":[1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n was born to Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra and Herminia Alem\u0026#xE1;n-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pep\u0026#xED;n. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pep\u0026#xED;n. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ej\u0026#xE9;rcito) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 Divisi\u0026#xF3;n de Infanter\u0026#xED;a) called Divisi\u0026#xF3;n Rel\u0026#xE1;mpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOnce he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of \u0026#xC9;l Pa\u0026#xED;s, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOne of those encounters, Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with Jos\u0026#xE9; Garc\u0026#xED;a and Eduardo Hern\u0026#xE1;ndez (Guayo) in the same company. Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWith his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote A\u0026#xFA;n Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayor\u0026#xED;as Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (D\u0026#xED;alogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biograf\u0026#xED;a de su Abuelo el General Jos\u0026#xE9; Braulio Alem\u0026#xE1;n). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnderstanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n's identity. Jose Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named Jos\u0026#xE9; Braulio Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, Jos\u0026#xE9; Manuel Alem\u0026#xE1;n, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ram\u0026#xF3;n Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Aut\u0026#xE9;ntico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alem\u0026#xE1;n. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán was born to José Guerra and Herminia Alemán-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as José Guerra Alemán, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pepín. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pepín. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.","In his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ejército) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 División de Infantería) called División Relámpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.","Once he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of Él País, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.","One of those encounters, José Guerra Alemán climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with José García and Eduardo Hernández (Guayo) in the same company. José Guerra Alemán directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.","With his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote Aún Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayorías Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (Díalogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biografía de su Abuelo el General José Braulio Alemán). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.","Understanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of José Guerra Alemán's identity. Jose Guerra Alemán's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named José Braulio Guerra Alemán fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, José Manuel Alemán, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ramón Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Auténtico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.","He rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alemán. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n Collection, Special Collections and UniversityArchives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, Special Collections and UniversityArchives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Materials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks collected by Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n can be found by performing a series search for \"Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Books collected by José Guerra Alemán can be found by performing a series search for \"José Guerra Alemán Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was arranged in seven series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alem\u0026#xE1;n took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alem\u0026#xE1;n used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of Jos\u0026#xE9; G. Alem\u0026#xE1;n and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection was arranged in seven series:","\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alemán took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.","\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alemán used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.","\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. ","\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of José G. Alemán and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".","\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.","\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e4d41ff341ce7470c0d40282c3f71dd8\"\u003eThe collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist José Guerra Alemán. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita."],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Guerra Alemán, José"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":282,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870857755411087360,"_root_":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:03:10.972Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/725898a1a41349eb30ec365d_aspace_7c7243b4d414f992a8def17111639498"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","value":"Michael A. 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