{"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1951\u0026page=31","prev":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1951\u0026page=30","next":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1951\u0026page=32","last":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1951\u0026page=411"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":31,"next_page":32,"prev_page":30,"total_pages":411,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":300,"total_count":4101,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378_aspace_461ee1b46273f380034243c5fd0dbeed","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Belgium, France, Yugoslavia, Mexico and Hungary Postcards, 1940-1999","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378_aspace_461ee1b46273f380034243c5fd0dbeed#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains five report covers with postcards collected by members of the Hasterlik-Hine family. This includes a report cover titled \"Belgium\" (Item 5695), a report cover titled \"France\" (Item 5697), two report covers titled \"Yugoslavia\" (Item 5635), a report cover titled \"Mexico,\" and a report cover titled \"Hungary\" (Item 5690).\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378_aspace_461ee1b46273f380034243c5fd0dbeed#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_461ee1b46273f380034243c5fd0dbeed","ref_ssm":["aspace_461ee1b46273f380034243c5fd0dbeed","aspace_461ee1b46273f380034243c5fd0dbeed"],"id":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378_aspace_461ee1b46273f380034243c5fd0dbeed","title_filing_ssi":"Belgium, France, Yugoslavia, Mexico and Hungary Postcards","title_ssm":["Belgium, France, Yugoslavia, Mexico and Hungary Postcards"],"title_tesim":["Belgium, France, Yugoslavia, Mexico and Hungary Postcards"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1940-1999"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1940-1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Belgium, France, Yugoslavia, Mexico and Hungary Postcards, 1940-1999"],"text":["Belgium, France, Yugoslavia, Mexico and Hungary Postcards, 1940-1999","Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04","007","/repositories/10/archival_objects/180857","98.0729 Box 10","folder 007","This folder contains five report covers with postcards collected by members of the Hasterlik-Hine family. This includes a report cover titled \"Belgium\" (Item 5695), a report cover titled \"France\" (Item 5697), two report covers titled \"Yugoslavia\" (Item 5635), a report cover titled \"Mexico,\" and a report cover titled \"Hungary\" (Item 5690)."],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["007","/repositories/10/archival_objects/180857"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":119,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates."],"date_range_isim":[1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"containers_ssim":["98.0729 Box 10","folder 007"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains five report covers with postcards collected by members of the Hasterlik-Hine family. This includes a report cover titled \"Belgium\" (Item 5695), a report cover titled \"France\" (Item 5697), two report covers titled \"Yugoslavia\" (Item 5635), a report cover titled \"Mexico,\" and a report cover titled \"Hungary\" (Item 5690).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This folder contains five report covers with postcards collected by members of the Hasterlik-Hine family. This includes a report cover titled \"Belgium\" (Item 5695), a report cover titled \"France\" (Item 5697), two report covers titled \"Yugoslavia\" (Item 5635), a report cover titled \"Mexico,\" and a report cover titled \"Hungary\" (Item 5690)."],"_nest_path_":"/components#118","_nest_parent_":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","_root_":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:46:35.829Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","title_filing_ssi":"Hasterlik-Hine collection","title_ssm":["Hasterlik-Hine collection"],"title_tesim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection"],"ead_ssi":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","unitdate_ssm":["1700-2000","Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1700-2000"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["98.0729","/repositories/10/resources/110"],"text":["98.0729","/repositories/10/resources/110","Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04","World War, 1939-1945","Jewish refugees--Germany--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--United States","World War, 1939-1945--Africa","World War, 1939-1945--Japan","World War, 1939-1945--Children","World War, 1939-1945--Censorship","World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--United States","United States--Race relations--History--20th century","Protestantism--20th century","Emigration and immigration","United States--Emigration and immigration--History--20th century","Formulas, recipes, etc.","New York World's Fair (1939-1940 : New York, N.Y.)","Burgtheater (Vienna, Austria)","Get-well cards","Children's drawings","Save the Children International Union","Poliomyelitis","Catholicism","Women--Employment--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Western Front","Nuns","Obstetrics","Child rearing in literature","Women--Employment--United States--History--20th century","Rationing","Diphtheria","V-J Day, 1945","Atomic bomb--History--20th century","Naturalization--United States","V-E Day, 1945","Theresienstadt (Concentration camp)","Switzerland--Social life and customs","Austria--History--Allied occupation, 1945-1955","United States--Social life and customs--1945-1970","Concentration Camps","World War, 1939-1945--Underground movements--Greece","Gurs (Concentration camp)","Education--Austria","Europe--Social conditions--20th century","United States--Social conditions--20th century","Africa--Race relations","Nuremberg War Crime Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, 1946-1949","Antisemitism","Infatuation","Kinderhilfswerk","Jews--Austria--Vienna--History","Scarcity","Gynecology","Personal correspondence","Postcards.","This collection is open to all researchers.","Giulia M. Kortischoner (married Hine) was born in Vienna, Austria on September 30, 1925 and passed away on June 16, 2015 in Boulder, Colorado.  \nOnly thirteen years old when World War II began, Giulia Koritschoner came of age in a time of uncertainty and chaos. Despite the context in which Giulia grew up, however, the letters of the Hasterlik-Hine collection demonstrate the fact that, for those on the home front, daily life often continued on as normal. Indeed, Giulia's correspondence throughout 1942 regularly includes cheerful greeting cards for holidays that are decorated with personalized drawings and beautiful calligraphy. These letters were sent from not only family members but also a vast array of friends and acquaintances that Giulia made throughout the war years. Giulia's letters to and from schoolmates portray scenes of growing up that remained largely unchanged even in times of war. This is particularly evident in Giulia's letters to and from Margaret Wolf, a friend from Schaffhausen who evolved from sending letters complaining about disliked teachers and unbearably boring school lessons to letters that explained her fears about graduating from school and having to enter the workforce. Giulia's own letters mirror this development, as she wrote to her family contemplating a variety of jobs, from a lab technician to a stenographer to a masseuse. Even in the midst of the war, the possibilities for the future seemed endless. \nYet, elements of the war do seep into many of the letters. Discussions of rationing figure prominently in much of Giulia's correspondence, as Ällägg Bechtold, a school friend from Schaffhausen, described how school was let out early in the spring because of a shortage of coal to keep students warm. Margaret Wolf complained that bakeries purposely sold old bread because it was thought that individuals would consume it more slowly than fresh bread. Even the letter that Giulia's school principal sent to her was written not on regular paper but rather on postcards that students were encouraged to fill with holiday greetings and send to soldiers in order to boost their morale. Many of Giulia's letters to and from her family during this time contain anxiety about Giulia's grandfather, Paul Hasterlik, who remained behind in Vienna while the rest of the family escaped. Although attempts were made to organize his passage to the United States, these efforts ultimately proved unsuccessful, and the letters reflect concerns about everything from whether Paul was able to find food to whether he was, in fact, actively being \"tormented.\" Although letters from Paul contained joy about Giulia's recovery from polio and excitement about her prospects for the future, he remained vague in descriptions of his own life, only briefly mentioning that he was forced to move to another apartment in Vienna. \nOther members of Giulia's family struggled during this time as well. Mia Hasterlik's letters outline her difficulties finding suitable employment in New York while living in unpleasant conditions. Perhaps most dramatically, Susi Weiss, Giulia's older sister who moved to Nairobi at the beginning of the war, describes the emotional and physical abuse to which her husband subjected her to and her overwhelming happiness at finally being free of him. This vast array of voices and subject matter reflected in the Hasterlik-Hine collection depict a strange intersection between war and daily life that occurred for those living on the home front during World War II. Ultimately, the collection offers an invaluable glimpse of what it means to come of age in a time of war, highlighting the fears, delights, and amusements that punctuated daily life. \nAs World War II came to an end in 1945, individuals across the globe celebrated the cessation of one of the deadliest conflicts in human history. Yet, for many people, the end of the war did not necessarily mean a return to normal life. The letters of the Hasterlik-Hine Collection provide a nuanced first-hand account of the tumultuous period following the end of the war, chronicling the story of a family that had to cope with not only the loss of family members and friends but also, perhaps most significantly, the loss of a homeland. Letters from Mia Hasterlik to her daughter, Giulia Koritschoner, highlight the joy with which the end of the war was received in the United States, expressing disbelief at the fact that \"this nightmare is really past, that it's over,\" and expressing excitement at a future that was \"spreading more beautiful in front of our eyes.\" Mia described the jubilation with which VE Day (Victory in Europe) and VJ Day (Victory over Japan) were celebrated in New York, where \"all the people [were] happy and drunk and all the soldiers and sailors [were] out of their minds. All the girls got kissed, everybody had lipstick on their faces, thousands of tons of paper, which people had thrown out their windows.\"Underlying the joy of these letters, however, was a lingering sense of sadness and loss. Mia lamented the \"heavy, irreplaceable loss\" of her father, Paul Hasterlik, who died at Theresienstadt in 1944. While Giulia expressed nostalgia for the Vienna that she was forced to flee from at the beginning of the war, Mia instead stated, \"I have no yearning whatsoever for Vienna, could never return. Because of… all the crimes which they carried out with their 'Golden Viennese Hearts.'\" Much of the correspondence during this time also highlights the desperate search for missing family members and friends that took place after the war. Mia, in particular, made frantic attempts to find Boni, an old family friend who had stayed behind in Vienna with Paul, and Ellen Christansen, a childhood friend of Giulia's who was also forced to remain in Vienna. \nExcitement over Giulia Koritschoner's upcoming trip to the United States characterizes many of the post-war letters, as does joy about reconnecting with the family friends that the Hasterlik-Hine family had lost contact with during the war. However, the final portion of the collection contains numerous insights, offering a view into the difficulties that accompanied post-war life in Austria. Supplies were so scarce that \"people had to fetch water in buckets an hour away on foot after having stood in line for an hour\" and had to \"take long walks in the woods to find small pieces of wood to have a little bit of heat.\" Yet, perceptions of the former Axis powers varied dramatically. Mia felt pity for those living in these countries, expressing sadness that individuals were \"starving\" in Vienna while those in the United States were \"suffocating in superabundance.\" Others, however, only expressed contempt for the former Axis powers, even stating that they did not see the point of sending rations and supplies to \"enemies who should starve to death.\"The one consensus among all parties seemed to be the dramatic nature of the occupation of Austria by Allied forces after the war, which was so severe that it seemed as if \"all the nations have sent their soldiers to Vienna.\" However, even in Vienna, life would, eventually, return to normal. \nIn a letter from March of 1946, Boni celebrated the future of Vienna, writing, \"Surely the people will tell you… about Vienna. About ruins and hunger, about cold rooms and deserted streets, about demoralization and despair. All that is also true here. But alongside that are also attractive things. People who want to live well, who certainly feel themselves to be unfortunate, but who are interested in the tragedies and little jokes of the greater evolution of things…\" Reflecting the tenacity, resilience, and hope for the future that characterizes the Hasterlik-Hine collection, Boni's letter exemplifies the sentiments upon which many of the survivors of World War II ultimately constructed their futures. Giulia's letters to childhood friends such as Ellen Christansen and Lisl Urbantschitsch transformed from letters filled with cartoons that complained about teachers to letters that reflected exciting plans for the future. While Giulia discussed her upcoming trip to the United States, Lisl shared her plans to emigrate to California and live with her father. Developing an increased sense of independence throughout the post-war years, Lisl would employ her artistic talent in order to secure a lucrative job making puppets. By 1947, Lisl was living in Paris and enjoying her independence. Giulia's life was, ultimately, one of joy and success as well. On April 21, 1946, she sailed from Paris, France to New York City, finally reuniting with her mother, Mia Hasterlik, from whom she had been separated for eight years. By 1948, Giulia had married Gerald Hine and was pregnant with their first child. Giulia would return to Vienna for a few years with her husband before living out the rest of her life in the United States. She passed away on June 16, 2015, at the age of 90.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll","The Hasterlik-Hine collection consists personal correspondence between Giulia Kortischoner (married name Hine) and her family and friends. The personal correspondence consists of letters, postcards, get-well-soon cards, greeting cards, and a small number of travel documents. The collection contains discussions about the Holocaust, life as a Jewish refugee, and the progress of the war and life afterwards.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Christansen","Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul","English German"],"unitid_tesim":["98.0729","/repositories/10/resources/110"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"collection_title_tesim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"collection_ssim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Christansen","Hasterlik, Paul"],"creator_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Christansen","Hasterlik, Paul"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Christansen"],"creators_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul","Christansen"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945","Jewish refugees--Germany--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--United States","World War, 1939-1945--Africa","World War, 1939-1945--Japan","World War, 1939-1945--Children","World War, 1939-1945--Censorship","World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--United States","United States--Race relations--History--20th century","Protestantism--20th century","Emigration and immigration","United States--Emigration and immigration--History--20th century","Formulas, recipes, etc.","New York World's Fair (1939-1940 : New York, N.Y.)","Burgtheater (Vienna, Austria)","Get-well cards","Children's 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literature","Women--Employment--United States--History--20th century","Rationing","Diphtheria","V-J Day, 1945","Atomic bomb--History--20th century","Naturalization--United States","V-E Day, 1945","Theresienstadt (Concentration camp)","Switzerland--Social life and customs","Austria--History--Allied occupation, 1945-1955","United States--Social life and customs--1945-1970","Concentration Camps","World War, 1939-1945--Underground movements--Greece","Gurs (Concentration camp)","Education--Austria","Europe--Social conditions--20th century","United States--Social conditions--20th century","Africa--Race relations","Nuremberg War Crime Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, 1946-1949","Antisemitism","Infatuation","Kinderhilfswerk","Jews--Austria--Vienna--History","Scarcity","Gynecology","Personal correspondence","Postcards."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.5 Linear Feet 18 boxes, 13 1LF boxes and 5 .5LF boxes"],"extent_tesim":["15.5 Linear Feet 18 boxes, 13 1LF boxes and 5 .5LF 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collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Giulia M. Kortischoner (married Hine) was born in Vienna, Austria on September 30, 1925 and passed away on June 16, 2015 in Boulder, Colorado.  \nOnly thirteen years old when World War II began, Giulia Koritschoner came of age in a time of uncertainty and chaos. Despite the context in which Giulia grew up, however, the letters of the Hasterlik-Hine collection demonstrate the fact that, for those on the home front, daily life often continued on as normal. Indeed, Giulia's correspondence throughout 1942 regularly includes cheerful greeting cards for holidays that are decorated with personalized drawings and beautiful calligraphy. These letters were sent from not only family members but also a vast array of friends and acquaintances that Giulia made throughout the war years. Giulia's letters to and from schoolmates portray scenes of growing up that remained largely unchanged even in times of war. This is particularly evident in Giulia's letters to and from Margaret Wolf, a friend from Schaffhausen who evolved from sending letters complaining about disliked teachers and unbearably boring school lessons to letters that explained her fears about graduating from school and having to enter the workforce. Giulia's own letters mirror this development, as she wrote to her family contemplating a variety of jobs, from a lab technician to a stenographer to a masseuse. Even in the midst of the war, the possibilities for the future seemed endless. \nYet, elements of the war do seep into many of the letters. Discussions of rationing figure prominently in much of Giulia's correspondence, as Ällägg Bechtold, a school friend from Schaffhausen, described how school was let out early in the spring because of a shortage of coal to keep students warm. Margaret Wolf complained that bakeries purposely sold old bread because it was thought that individuals would consume it more slowly than fresh bread. Even the letter that Giulia's school principal sent to her was written not on regular paper but rather on postcards that students were encouraged to fill with holiday greetings and send to soldiers in order to boost their morale. Many of Giulia's letters to and from her family during this time contain anxiety about Giulia's grandfather, Paul Hasterlik, who remained behind in Vienna while the rest of the family escaped. Although attempts were made to organize his passage to the United States, these efforts ultimately proved unsuccessful, and the letters reflect concerns about everything from whether Paul was able to find food to whether he was, in fact, actively being \"tormented.\" Although letters from Paul contained joy about Giulia's recovery from polio and excitement about her prospects for the future, he remained vague in descriptions of his own life, only briefly mentioning that he was forced to move to another apartment in Vienna. \nOther members of Giulia's family struggled during this time as well. Mia Hasterlik's letters outline her difficulties finding suitable employment in New York while living in unpleasant conditions. Perhaps most dramatically, Susi Weiss, Giulia's older sister who moved to Nairobi at the beginning of the war, describes the emotional and physical abuse to which her husband subjected her to and her overwhelming happiness at finally being free of him. This vast array of voices and subject matter reflected in the Hasterlik-Hine collection depict a strange intersection between war and daily life that occurred for those living on the home front during World War II. Ultimately, the collection offers an invaluable glimpse of what it means to come of age in a time of war, highlighting the fears, delights, and amusements that punctuated daily life. \nAs World War II came to an end in 1945, individuals across the globe celebrated the cessation of one of the deadliest conflicts in human history. Yet, for many people, the end of the war did not necessarily mean a return to normal life. The letters of the Hasterlik-Hine Collection provide a nuanced first-hand account of the tumultuous period following the end of the war, chronicling the story of a family that had to cope with not only the loss of family members and friends but also, perhaps most significantly, the loss of a homeland. Letters from Mia Hasterlik to her daughter, Giulia Koritschoner, highlight the joy with which the end of the war was received in the United States, expressing disbelief at the fact that \"this nightmare is really past, that it's over,\" and expressing excitement at a future that was \"spreading more beautiful in front of our eyes.\" Mia described the jubilation with which VE Day (Victory in Europe) and VJ Day (Victory over Japan) were celebrated in New York, where \"all the people [were] happy and drunk and all the soldiers and sailors [were] out of their minds. All the girls got kissed, everybody had lipstick on their faces, thousands of tons of paper, which people had thrown out their windows.\"Underlying the joy of these letters, however, was a lingering sense of sadness and loss. Mia lamented the \"heavy, irreplaceable loss\" of her father, Paul Hasterlik, who died at Theresienstadt in 1944. While Giulia expressed nostalgia for the Vienna that she was forced to flee from at the beginning of the war, Mia instead stated, \"I have no yearning whatsoever for Vienna, could never return. Because of… all the crimes which they carried out with their 'Golden Viennese Hearts.'\" Much of the correspondence during this time also highlights the desperate search for missing family members and friends that took place after the war. Mia, in particular, made frantic attempts to find Boni, an old family friend who had stayed behind in Vienna with Paul, and Ellen Christansen, a childhood friend of Giulia's who was also forced to remain in Vienna. \nExcitement over Giulia Koritschoner's upcoming trip to the United States characterizes many of the post-war letters, as does joy about reconnecting with the family friends that the Hasterlik-Hine family had lost contact with during the war. However, the final portion of the collection contains numerous insights, offering a view into the difficulties that accompanied post-war life in Austria. Supplies were so scarce that \"people had to fetch water in buckets an hour away on foot after having stood in line for an hour\" and had to \"take long walks in the woods to find small pieces of wood to have a little bit of heat.\" Yet, perceptions of the former Axis powers varied dramatically. Mia felt pity for those living in these countries, expressing sadness that individuals were \"starving\" in Vienna while those in the United States were \"suffocating in superabundance.\" Others, however, only expressed contempt for the former Axis powers, even stating that they did not see the point of sending rations and supplies to \"enemies who should starve to death.\"The one consensus among all parties seemed to be the dramatic nature of the occupation of Austria by Allied forces after the war, which was so severe that it seemed as if \"all the nations have sent their soldiers to Vienna.\" However, even in Vienna, life would, eventually, return to normal. \nIn a letter from March of 1946, Boni celebrated the future of Vienna, writing, \"Surely the people will tell you… about Vienna. About ruins and hunger, about cold rooms and deserted streets, about demoralization and despair. All that is also true here. But alongside that are also attractive things. People who want to live well, who certainly feel themselves to be unfortunate, but who are interested in the tragedies and little jokes of the greater evolution of things…\" Reflecting the tenacity, resilience, and hope for the future that characterizes the Hasterlik-Hine collection, Boni's letter exemplifies the sentiments upon which many of the survivors of World War II ultimately constructed their futures. Giulia's letters to childhood friends such as Ellen Christansen and Lisl Urbantschitsch transformed from letters filled with cartoons that complained about teachers to letters that reflected exciting plans for the future. While Giulia discussed her upcoming trip to the United States, Lisl shared her plans to emigrate to California and live with her father. Developing an increased sense of independence throughout the post-war years, Lisl would employ her artistic talent in order to secure a lucrative job making puppets. By 1947, Lisl was living in Paris and enjoying her independence. Giulia's life was, ultimately, one of joy and success as well. On April 21, 1946, she sailed from Paris, France to New York City, finally reuniting with her mother, Mia Hasterlik, from whom she had been separated for eight years. By 1948, Giulia had married Gerald Hine and was pregnant with their first child. Giulia would return to Vienna for a few years with her husband before living out the rest of her life in the United States. She passed away on June 16, 2015, at the age of 90."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Hasterlik-Hine collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0729\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0729\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Hasterlik-Hine collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0729 ."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Link to selected digitized materials from this collection."],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hasterlik-Hine collection consists personal correspondence between Giulia Kortischoner (married name Hine) and her family and friends. The personal correspondence consists of letters, postcards, get-well-soon cards, greeting cards, and a small number of travel documents. The collection contains discussions about the Holocaust, life as a Jewish refugee, and the progress of the war and life afterwards.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Hasterlik-Hine collection consists personal correspondence between Giulia Kortischoner (married name Hine) and her family and friends. The personal correspondence consists of letters, postcards, get-well-soon cards, greeting cards, and a small number of travel documents. The collection contains discussions about the Holocaust, life as a Jewish refugee, and the progress of the war and life afterwards."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Christansen","Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Christansen","Hasterlik, Paul"],"famname_ssim":["Christansen"],"persname_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul"],"language_ssim":["English German"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":169,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:46:35.829Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGiulia M. Kortischoner (married Hine) was born in Vienna, Austria on September 30, 1925 and passed away on June 16, 2015 in Boulder, Colorado. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nOnly thirteen years old when World War II began, Giulia Koritschoner came of age in a time of uncertainty and chaos. Despite the context in which Giulia grew up, however, the letters of the Hasterlik-Hine collection demonstrate the fact that, for those on the home front, daily life often continued on as normal. Indeed, Giulia's correspondence throughout 1942 regularly includes cheerful greeting cards for holidays that are decorated with personalized drawings and beautiful calligraphy. These letters were sent from not only family members but also a vast array of friends and acquaintances that Giulia made throughout the war years. Giulia's letters to and from schoolmates portray scenes of growing up that remained largely unchanged even in times of war. This is particularly evident in Giulia's letters to and from Margaret Wolf, a friend from Schaffhausen who evolved from sending letters complaining about disliked teachers and unbearably boring school lessons to letters that explained her fears about graduating from school and having to enter the workforce. Giulia's own letters mirror this development, as she wrote to her family contemplating a variety of jobs, from a lab technician to a stenographer to a masseuse. Even in the midst of the war, the possibilities for the future seemed endless.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nYet, elements of the war do seep into many of the letters. Discussions of rationing figure prominently in much of Giulia's correspondence, as \u0026#xC4;ll\u0026#xE4;gg Bechtold, a school friend from Schaffhausen, described how school was let out early in the spring because of a shortage of coal to keep students warm. Margaret Wolf complained that bakeries purposely sold old bread because it was thought that individuals would consume it more slowly than fresh bread. Even the letter that Giulia's school principal sent to her was written not on regular paper but rather on postcards that students were encouraged to fill with holiday greetings and send to soldiers in order to boost their morale. Many of Giulia's letters to and from her family during this time contain anxiety about Giulia's grandfather, Paul Hasterlik, who remained behind in Vienna while the rest of the family escaped. Although attempts were made to organize his passage to the United States, these efforts ultimately proved unsuccessful, and the letters reflect concerns about everything from whether Paul was able to find food to whether he was, in fact, actively being \"tormented.\" Although letters from Paul contained joy about Giulia's recovery from polio and excitement about her prospects for the future, he remained vague in descriptions of his own life, only briefly mentioning that he was forced to move to another apartment in Vienna.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nOther members of Giulia's family struggled during this time as well. Mia Hasterlik's letters outline her difficulties finding suitable employment in New York while living in unpleasant conditions. Perhaps most dramatically, Susi Weiss, Giulia's older sister who moved to Nairobi at the beginning of the war, describes the emotional and physical abuse to which her husband subjected her to and her overwhelming happiness at finally being free of him. This vast array of voices and subject matter reflected in the Hasterlik-Hine collection depict a strange intersection between war and daily life that occurred for those living on the home front during World War II. Ultimately, the collection offers an invaluable glimpse of what it means to come of age in a time of war, highlighting the fears, delights, and amusements that punctuated daily life.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAs World War II came to an end in 1945, individuals across the globe celebrated the cessation of one of the deadliest conflicts in human history. Yet, for many people, the end of the war did not necessarily mean a return to normal life. The letters of the Hasterlik-Hine Collection provide a nuanced first-hand account of the tumultuous period following the end of the war, chronicling the story of a family that had to cope with not only the loss of family members and friends but also, perhaps most significantly, the loss of a homeland. Letters from Mia Hasterlik to her daughter, Giulia Koritschoner, highlight the joy with which the end of the war was received in the United States, expressing disbelief at the fact that \"this nightmare is really past, that it's over,\" and expressing excitement at a future that was \"spreading more beautiful in front of our eyes.\" Mia described the jubilation with which VE Day (Victory in Europe) and VJ Day (Victory over Japan) were celebrated in New York, where \"all the people [were] happy and drunk and all the soldiers and sailors [were] out of their minds. All the girls got kissed, everybody had lipstick on their faces, thousands of tons of paper, which people had thrown out their windows.\"Underlying the joy of these letters, however, was a lingering sense of sadness and loss. Mia lamented the \"heavy, irreplaceable loss\" of her father, Paul Hasterlik, who died at Theresienstadt in 1944. While Giulia expressed nostalgia for the Vienna that she was forced to flee from at the beginning of the war, Mia instead stated, \"I have no yearning whatsoever for Vienna, could never return. Because of\u0026#x2026; all the crimes which they carried out with their 'Golden Viennese Hearts.'\" Much of the correspondence during this time also highlights the desperate search for missing family members and friends that took place after the war. Mia, in particular, made frantic attempts to find Boni, an old family friend who had stayed behind in Vienna with Paul, and Ellen Christansen, a childhood friend of Giulia's who was also forced to remain in Vienna.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nExcitement over Giulia Koritschoner's upcoming trip to the United States characterizes many of the post-war letters, as does joy about reconnecting with the family friends that the Hasterlik-Hine family had lost contact with during the war. However, the final portion of the collection contains numerous insights, offering a view into the difficulties that accompanied post-war life in Austria. Supplies were so scarce that \"people had to fetch water in buckets an hour away on foot after having stood in line for an hour\" and had to \"take long walks in the woods to find small pieces of wood to have a little bit of heat.\" Yet, perceptions of the former Axis powers varied dramatically. Mia felt pity for those living in these countries, expressing sadness that individuals were \"starving\" in Vienna while those in the United States were \"suffocating in superabundance.\" Others, however, only expressed contempt for the former Axis powers, even stating that they did not see the point of sending rations and supplies to \"enemies who should starve to death.\"The one consensus among all parties seemed to be the dramatic nature of the occupation of Austria by Allied forces after the war, which was so severe that it seemed as if \"all the nations have sent their soldiers to Vienna.\" However, even in Vienna, life would, eventually, return to normal.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn a letter from March of 1946, Boni celebrated the future of Vienna, writing, \"Surely the people will tell you\u0026#x2026; about Vienna. About ruins and hunger, about cold rooms and deserted streets, about demoralization and despair. All that is also true here. But alongside that are also attractive things. People who want to live well, who certainly feel themselves to be unfortunate, but who are interested in the tragedies and little jokes of the greater evolution of things\u0026#x2026;\" Reflecting the tenacity, resilience, and hope for the future that characterizes the Hasterlik-Hine collection, Boni's letter exemplifies the sentiments upon which many of the survivors of World War II ultimately constructed their futures. Giulia's letters to childhood friends such as Ellen Christansen and Lisl Urbantschitsch transformed from letters filled with cartoons that complained about teachers to letters that reflected exciting plans for the future. While Giulia discussed her upcoming trip to the United States, Lisl shared her plans to emigrate to California and live with her father. Developing an increased sense of independence throughout the post-war years, Lisl would employ her artistic talent in order to secure a lucrative job making puppets. By 1947, Lisl was living in Paris and enjoying her independence. Giulia's life was, ultimately, one of joy and success as well. On April 21, 1946, she sailed from Paris, France to New York City, finally reuniting with her mother, Mia Hasterlik, from whom she had been separated for eight years. By 1948, Giulia had married Gerald Hine and was pregnant with their first child. Giulia would return to Vienna for a few years with her husband before living out the rest of her life in the United States. She passed away on June 16, 2015, at the age of 90.\u003c/p\u003e"]}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378_aspace_461ee1b46273f380034243c5fd0dbeed"}},{"id":"7c55237a86962eb72ad56ef5_aspace_b51c4155b1d21dcce5540d43e2b3f1c1","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Bell, Book, and Candle, 1951-03-29","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/7c55237a86962eb72ad56ef5_aspace_b51c4155b1d21dcce5540d43e2b3f1c1#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eTheatre: Ethel Barrymore Theatre. Cast: Rex Harrison, Lilli Palmer, Scott McKay, Jean Adair, Larry Gates.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/7c55237a86962eb72ad56ef5_aspace_b51c4155b1d21dcce5540d43e2b3f1c1#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_b51c4155b1d21dcce5540d43e2b3f1c1","ref_ssm":["aspace_b51c4155b1d21dcce5540d43e2b3f1c1","aspace_b51c4155b1d21dcce5540d43e2b3f1c1"],"id":"7c55237a86962eb72ad56ef5_aspace_b51c4155b1d21dcce5540d43e2b3f1c1","title_filing_ssi":"Bell, Book, and Candle","title_ssm":["Bell, Book, and Candle"],"title_tesim":["Bell, Book, and Candle"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1951-03-29"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1951-03-29"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bell, Book, and Candle, 1951-03-29"],"text":["Bell, Book, and Candle, 1951-03-29","Playbill Collection., 1938-2005","Playbill Collection, Box 2, 1947-1952","MS004/02/26","/repositories/2/archival_objects/93","Barrymore Theatre Corporation","Barrymore Theatre Corporation","Harrison, Rex","Palmer, Lilli, 1914-1986","McKay, Scott, 1915-1987","Adair, Jean, 1873-1953","Gates, Larry, 1915-1996","Harrison, Rex","Palmer, Lilli, 1914-1986","McKay, Scott, 1915-1987","Adair, Jean, 1873-1953","Gates, Larry, 1915-1996","box 2","folder 26","Theatre: Ethel Barrymore Theatre.  Cast: Rex Harrison, Lilli Palmer, Scott McKay, Jean Adair, Larry Gates."],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["7c55237a86962eb72ad56ef5","7c55237a86962eb72ad56ef5_aspace_fb79ff3231cb3be7f6fe3ef0052a3f96"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Playbill Collection., 1938-2005","Playbill Collection, Box 2, 1947-1952"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Playbill Collection., 1938-2005","Playbill Collection, Box 2, 1947-1952"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["MS004/02/26","/repositories/2/archival_objects/93"],"repository_ssim":["Broward College Archives and Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Playbill Collection., 1938-2005"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":60,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Since there are no restrictions on this collection, it is open to research. However, please contact Broward College Archives and Special Collections, University/College Library at Broward College Central Campus in advance to schedule an appointment."],"date_range_isim":[1951],"names_ssim":["Barrymore Theatre Corporation","Barrymore Theatre Corporation","Harrison, Rex","Palmer, Lilli, 1914-1986","McKay, Scott, 1915-1987","Adair, Jean, 1873-1953","Gates, Larry, 1915-1996","Harrison, Rex","Palmer, Lilli, 1914-1986","McKay, Scott, 1915-1987","Adair, Jean, 1873-1953","Gates, Larry, 1915-1996"],"corpname_ssim":["Barrymore Theatre Corporation"],"persname_ssim":["Harrison, Rex","Palmer, Lilli, 1914-1986","McKay, Scott, 1915-1987","Adair, Jean, 1873-1953","Gates, Larry, 1915-1996"],"containers_ssim":["box 2","folder 26"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTheatre: Ethel Barrymore Theatre.  Cast: Rex Harrison, Lilli Palmer, Scott McKay, Jean Adair, Larry Gates.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Theatre: Ethel Barrymore Theatre.  Cast: Rex Harrison, Lilli Palmer, Scott McKay, Jean Adair, Larry Gates."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#25","_nest_parent_":"7c55237a86962eb72ad56ef5_aspace_fb79ff3231cb3be7f6fe3ef0052a3f96","_root_":"7c55237a86962eb72ad56ef5","timestamp":"2026-07-09T01:29:14.283Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"7c55237a86962eb72ad56ef5","title_ssm":["Playbill Collection."],"title_tesim":["Playbill Collection."],"ead_ssi":"7c55237a86962eb72ad56ef5","unitdate_ssm":["1938-2005"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1938-2005"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS004","/repositories/2/resources/2"],"text":["MS004","/repositories/2/resources/2","Playbill Collection., 1938-2005","Broadway (New York, N.Y.)","Special Collections","Playbills","Theater","Theater programs","22 boxes.","Donated to Special Collections in 2005 by faculty of the Visual and Performing Arts department.","Processed by Lisa Amato.","Since there are no restrictions on this collection, it is open to research. However, please contact Broward College Archives and Special Collections, University/College Library at Broward College Central Campus in advance to schedule an appointment.","Collection of Playbills of Broadway productions, 1938-2005. Collected by the faculty of the Visual and Performing Arts department.","Broward College Archives and Special Collections ","Cort Theatre (New York, N.Y.)","Forrest Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Shubert Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Plymouth Theatre Corporation (New York, N.Y.)","Empire Theatre (New York, N.Y.)","Longacre Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Music Box Theater (New York, N.Y.)","Martin Beck Theatre (New York, N.Y.)","Biltmore Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Henry Miller's Theatre (New York, N.Y.)","Fulton Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Booth Theatre (New York, N.Y.)","John Golden Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y. : 1937-)","Majestic Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Playhouse Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Royale Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Lyceum Theatre (New York, N.Y. : 45th Street)","Barrymore Theatre Corporation","Belasco Theatre (New York, N.Y.)","Morosco Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Forty-Eighth Street Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Coronet Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Alvin Theatre Corporation","Hudson Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Ziegfeld Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","St. James Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Forty-sixth Street Theatre (New York, N.Y.)","Barton Brothers (Comedy team)","National Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Mark Hellinger Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","ANTA (Organization). National Theatre Service","Broadhurst Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Phoenix Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Imperial Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Adelphi Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Winter Garden (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Broadway Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Ambassador Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Lunt-Fontanne Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Jones Beach Stadium (Long Island, N.Y.)","Brooks Atkinson Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Helen Hayes Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","New York City Center","ANTA Washington Square Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Hospice de Charenton","Billy Rose Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Royal Shakespeare Company","Eugene O'Neill Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Joseph E. Levine Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Theatre de Lys (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Palace Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Vivian Beaumont Theater (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Uris Theatre (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Walnut Street Theatre (Philadelphia, Pa.)","Circle in the Square (Organization : New York, N.Y.)","Nederlander Theatre (New York, N.Y.)","George Gershwin Theatre (New York, N.Y.)","Neil Simon Theatre (New York, N.Y.)","Al Hirschfeld Theatre (New York, N.Y.)","Richard Rodgers Theatre (New York, N.Y.)","Walter Kerr Theatre (New York, N.Y.)","Union Square Theatre","Manhattan Theatre Club","New Amsterdam Theatre (New York, N.Y.)","Asro, Alexander, 1888-1963","Greaza, Walter, 1897-1973","Dunstan, Cliff, 1906-1968","Barton, James, 1890-1962","Dere, Ann, 1868-1954","Hepburn, Katharine, 1907-2003","Heflin, Van, 1910-1971","Cotten, Joseph, 1905-1994","Dinehart, Alan, 1918-1992","Farrell, Glenda, 1904-1971","Talbot, Lyle","Stickney, Dorothy","Craig, Helen, 1912-1986","Woolley, Monty, 1888-1963","Hammond, Virginia, 1893-1972","Watson, Lucile, 1879-1962","Lukas, Paul, 1894-1971","Christians, Mady, 1900-1951","Booth, Shirley","Carnovsky, Morris","Sayers, Jo Ann","Musgrove, Gertrude","Fay, Terence J., 1932-","Bolen, Mellie Virginia","Gordon, Bruce, 1931-","Adair, Jean, 1873-1953","Brooks, Patricia (Amy Helen Patricia)","Sundberg, Clinton, 1903-1987","Wood, Peggy, 1892-1978","Natwick, Mildred, 1905-1994","Corbett, Leonora, 1908-1960","Evelyn, Judith, 1913-1967","Emery, John, 1905-1964","Ober, Philip, 1902-1982","Robbins, Barbara","Field, Betty, 1918-1973","Field, Virginia, 1917-1992","Calder, King, 1898-1964","Burton, Robert, (Actor)","Owen, Ethel, 1893-1997","Gresham, Edith, 1897-1976","Calhern, Louis, 1895-1956","Annabella, 1909-1996","Karlweiss, Oskar, 1894?-1956","Bromberg, J. Edward, 1903-1951","Nagel, Conrad, 1897-1970","Daniell, Henry, 1894-1963","Margetson, Arthur, 1897-1951","Goodner, Carol, 1904-2001","Burr, Anne, 1920-2003","Landis, Jessie Royce, 1904-1972","Keith, Robert, 1896-1966","Caulfield, Betty","Sullavan, Margaret, 1909-1960","Nugent, Elliott, 1896-1980","Christie, Audrey","Blackmer, Sidney, 1895-1973","Wilson, Lois, 1894-1988","Fitzgerald, Neil, 1892-1982","Harvey, Georgia, -1960","O'Connor, Patrick, 1925-2012","Smith, Howard, 1893-1968","MacKellar, Helen, 1895-1966","Dabney, Augusta, 1918-2008","Bernard, Dorothy, 1890-1955","Homolka, Oscar, 1898-1978","Lawrence, Gertrude","Massey, Raymond","Daly, James, 1918-1978","Holliday, Judy","Douglas, Paul, 1907-1959","Merrill, Beth, 1892-1986","Kennedy, Arthur, 1914-1990","Snow, Lois Wheeler","Begley, Ed, 1901-1970","Malden, Karl","Bergman, Ingrid, 1915-1982","Wanamaker, Sam, 1919-1993","Brent, Romney, 1902-1976","Bellamy, Ralph, 1904-1991","Francis, Kay, 1905-1968","McCormick, Myron","Watson, Minor, 1889-1965","Gillmore, Margalo, 1897-1986","Brooks, David, (Vocalist)","Sullivan, Elliott, 1907-1974","Fassett, Jay, 1889-1973","Kelly, Paul, 1899-1956","Whitmore, James, 1921-2009","Garfield, John","Anthony, Joseph, 1912-1993","White, Bobby","Oakland, Simon","Loder, John, 1898-1988","Cummings, Victoria","Lockhart, June, 1925-","Daniels, Marc","Rathbone, Basil, 1892-1967","Hiller, Wendy, 1912-2003","Collinge, Patricia, 1894-1974","Muni, Paul, 1895-1967","Stone, Carol, 1915-","Andrews, Ted, 1907-1966","Jones, Henry, 1912-1999","Fonda, Henry, 1905-1982","Lane, Rusty, 1899-1986","Berg, Gertrude, 1899-1966","Loeb, Philip, 1894-1955","Lascoe, Henry","Drake, Alfred, 1914-1992","Hunt, Marsha, 1917-","Tandy, Jessica","Brando, Marlon","Hunter, Kim, 1922-2002","Emerson, Faye","Cossart, Ernest, 1876-1951","Allister, Claude, 1891-1970","Clarke, Robert, 1920-2005","Bankhead, Tallulah, 1902-1968","Cook, Donald, 1901-1961","Baxley, Barbara","Langford, William, 1920-1955","Carroll, Madeleine, 1906-1987","Bolger, Ray","Cornell, Katherine, 1972-","Wiseman, Joseph","Gilbert, Lou, 1909-1978","Westerfield, James, 1913-1971","Martin, Mary, 1913-1990","Pinza, Ezio","Duncan, Todd","Banks, Leslie, 1890-1952","Gregory, James, 1911-2002","Keefer, Don, 1916-2014","Cushing, Winifred, 1907-1990","Jerome, Edwin, 1884-1959","Lorring, Joan","Lishner, Leon, 1913-1995","Blakely, Don, -2004","Lane, Gloria","Alda, Robert","Blaine, Vivian, 1921-1995","Levene, Sam, 1905-1980","Bigley, Isabel","Rooney, Pat, 1880-1962","Kaye, Stubby","Pedi, Tom, 1913-1996","Harrison, Rex","Palmer, Lilli, 1914-1986","McKay, Scott, 1915-1987","Gates, Larry, 1915-1996","Howard, Michael, 1923-","Hagen, Uta, 1919-2004","Dann, Roger","Kasznar, Kurt, 1913-1979","Dana, Leora","Burr, Donald","Stehli, Edgar, 1884-1973","Gabor, Eva, 1921-1995","Hugo, Laurence, 1917-1994","Maxwell, Frank","Ericson, John, 1927-","Henderson, Douglas, 1919-1978","Aherne, Brian, 1902-1986","George, Grace, 1879-1961","Sullivan, Liam, 1923-1998","Harris, Julie, 1925-2013","Prince, William, 1913-1996","Fabian, Olga, 1885-1983","Brooks, Martin E., 1925-2015","Jeffreys, Anne","Raitt, John E., 1912-","Wheeler, Bert, 1895-1968","Halliday, Robert, 1891-1975","Keen, Malcolm, 1887-1970","Morrow, Jeff, 1907-1993","Morgan, Ralph, 1883-1956","Cobb, Lee J., 1911-1976","Smith, Art, 1899-1973","Hansen, William, 1911-1975","De Santis, Joe, 1909-1989","Hodiak, John","McCarthy, Lin","Bel Geddes, Barbara","Nelson, Barry, 1920-2007","Dunn, Ralph, 1900-1968","Elliott, Stephen, 1918-2005","Donehue, Vincent J., 1915-1966","Segal, Vivienne","Lang, Harold, -1985","Hanley, James, 1918-1970","Berghof, Herbert","Sinclair, Betty","Merivale, John, 1917-1990","Ritchard, Cyril, 1897-1977","Mitchell-Cotts, Campbell, 1902-1964","Dyneley, Peter, 1921-1977","Douglas, Melvyn","Rowles, Polly, 1914-2001","Pierpont, Laura, 1881-1972","Di Luca, Dino, 1903-1991","Brooks, Geraldine, 1925-1977","St. Clair, Lydia, 1898-1970","Murphy, Donald, 1918-","Coote, Robert, 1909-1982","Skulnik, Menasha, 1892-1970","Whorf, Richard, 1906-1966","Rose, Norman, 1917-2004","Huber, Gusti, 1914-1993","Derr, Richard, 1917-1992","Bethencourt, Francis, 1923-2001","O'Malley, J. Pat (James Pat)","Brown, Vanessa, 1928-1999","Emhardt, Robert, 1914-1994","Allbritton, Louise, 1920-1979","Ewell, Tom, 1909-1994","Wayne, David, 1914-1995","Forsythe, John, 1918-2010","Ford, Paul, 1901-1976","Niki, Mariko","Gazzara, Ben, 1930-2012","Storch, Arthur, 1925-2013","Kellin, Mike, 1922-1983","Hingle, Pat","Franciosa, Anthony, 1928-2006","Nesbitt, Cathleen, 1888-1982","Gear, Luella, 1897-1980","Cromwell, John, 1886-1979","Brynner, Yul","Von Furstenberg, Betsy, 1931-2015","Tone, Franchot","Jackson, Anne, 1925-2016","Blyden, Larry, 1925-1975","Young, Gig, 1913-1978","Gillette, Priscilla","Douglass, Stephen, 1921-2011","Ballard, Kaye","Whiting, Jack, 1901-1961","Miller, Betty, 1925-","Penn, Leo, 1921-1998","Greene, James, 1926-","D'Annunzio, Lola, 1930-1956","Hepburn, Audrey, 1929-1993","Ferrer, Mel","Alexander, John, 1897-1982","King, Edith, 1896-1963","Hewitt, Alan, 1915-1986","Preston, Robert, 1918-1987","Graham, Ronny","McCormick, Parker","Faye, Joey","Leachman, Cloris","Thompson, Rex, 1942-","Cooper, Jackie, 1922-2011","Nolan, Lloyd","Sullivan, Barry, 1912-1994","Carey, Macdonald","Lord, Marjorie","Myers, Pauline, 1913-1996","Walken, Ken","Povah, Phyllis","Kelly, Nancy, 1921-1995","McCormack, Patty, 1945-","O'Hare, John","Varden, Evelyn, 1893-1958","Heckart, Eileen, 1919-2001","Coleman, Nancy, 1912-2000","Newman, Paul, 1925-2008","Pratt, Judson, 1916-2002","Blakely, Gene","Hackett, Buddy, 1924-2003","Bond, Sheila","Cowan, Jerome, 1897-1972","Knef, Hildegard, 1925-2002","Ameche, Don","Sullivan, Francis L.","Jessel, Patricia, 1920-1968","Lyons, Gene, 1921-1974","Randall, Anthony L.","Leslie, Bethel","Bagley, Ed","Schildkraut, Joseph, 1895-1964","Strasberg, Susan","Moore, Dennie, 1907-1978","Gilford, Jack","Winters, Shelley","Silvera, Frank, 1914-1970","Robinson, Edward G., 1893-1973","Rowlands, Gena","Russell, Rosalind","Blackburn, Dorothy","Klavun, Walter, 1906-1984","Chaplin, Sydney","Stapleton, Jean, 1923-2013","Lawrence, Eddie, 1919-2014","Clark, Dort, 1917-1989","Lamas, Fernando","Gibson, Virginia","Polk, Gordon","Merman, Ethel","Olson, Nancy, 1928-","McGavin, Darren, 1922-2006","Frey, Nathaniel","Lawrence, Carol, 1932-","Kert, Larry","Rivera, Chita","Callan, Michael, 1935-","Leroy, Ken","Verdon, Gwen","Ritter, Thelma","Wallace, George, 1917-2005","Prud'homme, Cameron, 1892-1967","Hayes, Helen, 1900-1993","Burton, Richard, 1925-1984","Cook, Barbara","Burns, David, 1902-1971","Kelton, Pert","Macready, George, 1899-1973","Darvas, Lilli, 1902-1974","Burstyn, Ellen, 1932-","Webber, Robert, 1924-1989","Ballard, Shirley, 1925-","Millay, Diana","Reilly, Hugh, 1915-1998","Horne, Lena","Montalbán, Ricardo","Premice, Josephine","Adams, Joe, 1922-","Hall, Adelaide","Davis, Ossie","Desmond, Johnny","Seymour, Anne, 1909-1988","Andrews, Dana, 1909-1992","Bancroft, Anne, 1931-2005","Nuyen, France, 1939-","Shatner, William","Randell, Ron, 1918-2005","Marshall, Sarah, 1933-2014","Cheng, Stephen Chun-Tao","Leslie, Noel","Colbert, Claudette","Boyer, Charles, 1899-1978","Newmar, Julie, 1933-","Ryan, Edmon","Skinner, Cornelia Otis, 1901-1979","Ruggles, Charlie, 1886-1970","Peppard, George","Hart, Dolores, 1938-","Umeki, Miyoshi, 1929-2007","Hall, Juanita, 1901-1968","Kenney, Ed","Luke, Keye, 1904-1991","Hong Young, Arabella","Suzuki, Pat","Bloom, Claire, 1931-","Steiger, Rod, 1925-2002","Tamiroff, Akim, 1899-1972","Willman, Noel, 1918-1988","Hardwicke, Cedric, 1893-1964","Balin, Ina, 1937-1990","Questel, Mae, 1910-1998","Tolan, Michael, 1925-2011","Klugman, Jack","Church, Sandra","Griffith, Andy, 1926-2012","Gray, Dolores","Lund, Art","Prince, Jack, 1920-1994","McNeil, Claudia","Dee, Ruby","Gossett, Louis, Jr., 1936-","Marshall, E. G., 1914-1998","Dixon, Jean, 1896-1981","Thatcher, Torin, 1905-1981","Congdon, James","Duke, Patty, 1946-2016","Culver, Roland, 1900-1984","Bryant, Michael, 1928-2002","Bedford, Brian, 1935-2016","Bosley, Tom","Hanley, Ellen","Da Silva, Howard, 1909-1986","Bacall, Lauren, 1924-2014","Robards, Jason","Stapleton, Maureen","Worth, Irene","Revere, Anne, 1903-1990","Gleason, Jackie, 1916-1987","Pidgeon, Walter, 1897-1984","Herlie, Eileen","Morse, Robert, 1931-","Bikel, Theodore","Neway, Patricia, 1919-2012","Tracy, Lee, 1898-1968","Lovejoy, Frank, 1912-1962","Maguire, Kathleen, 1925-1989","Chayefsky, Paddy, 1923-1981","Harron, Don","Ben-Ami, Jacob","Van Dyke, Dick","Lynde, Paul","Pollard, Michael J.","Watson, Susan, 1938-","Nelson, Gene, 1920-1996","Kean, Jane","Grove, Betty Ann","Munshin, Jules, 1915-1970","Sherwood, Madeleine","Fonda, Jane, 1937-","MacArthur, James, 1937-2010","Husmann, Ron","Rodgers, Eileen","Everhart, Rex","Miller, Wynne","Kiley, Richard","Morris, Chester","McCarthy, Kevin, 1914-2010","Cotsworth, Staats, 1908-1979","Ball, Lucille, 1911-1989","Andes, Keith","Stewart, Paula, 1929-","David, Clifford, 1932-","Andrews, Julie","McDowall, Roddy","Goulet, Robert, 1933-2007","Seal, Elizabeth","March, Hal, 1920-1970","Jacobi, Lou","Berlinger, Warren, 1937-","Alberghetti, Anna Maria","Mitchell, James, 1920-2010","Weede, Robert","Benzell, Mimi","Picon, Molly","Rall, Tommy","Vallée, Rudy, 1901-1986","Scott, Bonnie, 1941-","Reilly, Charles Nelson","Carson, Jeannie","Lipson, Paul","Nelson, Jen","Squire, William, 1916-1989","Pavek, Janet, 1936-2009","Main, Laurie","Allinson, Michael","Moser, Margot, 1930-","Cooper, Melville, 1896-1973","Dilworth, Gordon","Maude, Margery, 1889-1979","Carroll, Diahann","Newley, Anthony","Quayle, Anna","Baker, Jennifer, 1946-","Revill, Clive","Sewell, Danny, 1930-2001","Carroll, Helena","Ramsay, Robin, 1939-","Leigh, Vivien, 1913-1967","Aumont, Jean Pierre","De Koven, Roger","Troy, Louise","Irving, George S.","McGuire, Biff, 1927-","Smith, Patricia, 1930-2011","Evans, Mike, 1949-2006","Sherman, Hiram, 1908-1989","Allen, Norman, 1939-","Bond, Gary, 1940-1995","Dobie, Alan","McEwan, Geraldine","Foster, Barry, 1927-2002","Shawn, Dick","Kobart, Ruth","Cooper, Horace","Dayton, Dan, 1923-1999","Dennis, Sandy, 1937-1992","Porter, Don, 1912-1997","Murphy, Rosemary","Hackman, Gene","Torn, Rip, 1931-2019","Daniels, Billy, 1915-1988","Wayne, Paula, 1934-","Burnett, Carol","Cassidy, Jack, 1927-1976","Patterson, Dick","Garrett, Betty, 1919-2011","Shaw, Robert, 1927-1978","Cronyn, Hume","Voskovec, Jiří, 1905-1981","Hubbard, Elizabeth, 1933-","Bates, Alan, 1934-2003","Pettet, Joanna","Alexander, Joan","Salsbury, Colgate","Moreno, Rita","Dell, Gabriel","Ghostley, Alice, 1926-2007","Alderman, John, 1933-1987","Schofield, Frank, (Actor)","Dussault, Nancy","Bernardi, Herschel","Burr, Robert","Antonio, Lou, 1934-","Walker, Betty","Golonka, Arlene","Parsons, Estelle","Mostel, Zero, 1915-1977","Karnilova, Maria","Arthur, Beatrice","Merlin, Joanna","Pendleton, Austin","Convy, Bert","Wolfit, Donald, 1902-1968","Rhodes, Marjorie, 1897-1979","Murray, Brian, 1937-2018","Drivas, Robert, 1935-1986","Anspach, Susan, 1942-2018","St. John, Marco, 1939-","Hoffman, Ferdi, -1989","Davis, Sammy, Jr., 1925-1990","Tobey, Kenneth, 1917-2002","King, Alan, 1927-2004","MacRae, Sheila, 1921-2014","Orbach, Jerry","Gillette, Anita, 1936-","LaMotta, Jake","Campanella, Frank, 1919-2006","Dunaway, Faye","Holbrook, Hal","Beck, Stanley, 1936-","Costello, Mariclare","Loden, Barbara, 1932-1980","Mann, Paul, 1915-1985","Price, Gilbert","Jillson, Joyce","Francis, Arlene","Meeker, Ralph, 1920-1988","Forster, Robert, 1942-","Dekker, Albert, 1905-1968","Strudwick, Shepperd, 1907-1983","Peaslee, Richard. (Title of work: Marat/Sade.)","Ward, Janet, 1925-1995","Bond, Sudie, 1928-1984","Elliot, Jane, 1947-","Reid, Beryl, 1919-1996","Atkins, Eileen, 1934-","Bowers, Lally, 1917-1984","Harris, Barbara, 1935-2018","Alda, Alan, 1936-","Wisdom, Norman","Rose, George, 1920-1988","Straight, Beatrice","Moore, Robert, 1927-1984","Hecht, Paul","Wood, John, 1930-2011","Routledge, Patricia","Bayliss, Peter","Bolam, James, 1935-","Caldwell, Zoe","Watson, Douglass, 1921-1989","Cooper, Roy, 1930-","Taubin, Amy","Maher, Joseph, 1933-1998","Balsam, Martin, 1919-1996","Grizzard, George","Silver, Joe, 1922-1989","Dillon, Melinda, 1939-","O'Hara, Jill","Winter, Edward, 1937-2001","Jones, James Earl","Alexander, Jane, 1939-","Mathews, George, 1911-1984","Masterson, Peter","Haynes, Hilda, 1912-1986","Patterson, James, 1932-1972","Colon, Miriam","Smith, Sammy","Hughes, Barnard, 1915-2006","Pollock, Nancy, 1902-1979","Calloway, Cab, 1907-1994","Yancy, Emily","Rasulala, Thalmus, 1939-1991","Jones, Dean, 1931-2015","Barrie, Barbara","Coe, George","Cunningham, John, 1932-","Stritch, Elaine","Ralston, Teri","Wilson, Dolores, 1929-2010","Steffe, Edwin","Griffis, William","Ukena, Paul","Gallagher, Helen, 1926-","Dewhurst, Colleen","Curtis, Keene, 1923-2002","Martin, Leila, 1936-","Linden, Hal","Marchand, Nancy, 1928-2000","Allen, Rae","Macy, Bill, 1922-","Payne, Virginia","Lieber, Paul","Falk, Peter, 1927-2011","Grant, Lee, 1927-","Gardenia, Vincent","Stanley, Florence, 1924-2003","Hughes, Tresa","Dietrich, Dena","Reynolds, Debbie","Markham, Monte","Warrick, Ruth","Kelly, Patsy, 1910-1981","Robbins, Rex, 1935-","Schultz, Jack","Lithgow, John, 1945-","Scott, George C., 1927-1999","Christie, Julie, 1941-","Williamson, Nicol","Wilson, Elizabeth, 1921-2015","Cox, Richard, 1948-","McMillan, Kenneth, 1932-1989","Flanders, Ed, 1934-1995","O'Leary, John, 1926-","Stadlen, Lewis J.","Baker, Mark W., 1946-","Brennan, Maureen, (Musician)","Gable, June, 1945-","St. Darr, Deborah","Freed, Sam, 1948-","Lansbury, Angela, 1925-","Charisse, Zan","Wilson, Mary Louise","Langford, Bonnie","Gabel, Martin, 1912-1986","Rees, Roger, 1944-2015","Carter, John, 1927-2015","Spriggs, Elizabeth","Little, Cleavon","Eikenberry, Jill","Gorrin, Michael","Grodin, Charles","Brown, Graham, 1924-2011","Cole, Carole, 1944-2009","Miller, Linda, 1942-","Williams, Dick Anthony","Knight, Shirley, 1936-2020","Lee, Kaiulani","Montgomery, Barbara","Sacks, Michael","Pickles, Christina","Stattel, Robert","Morris, Beth, 1949-","Booth, James, 1927-2005","Owen, Meg Wynn","Cuka, Frances","Bott, John, 1923-1994","Christmas, David","Fairbank, Spring","Hudson, Travis, (Singer)","Jones, Charlotte, 1916-1992","Harding, Paul, (Actor)","Reeve, Christopher, 1952-2004","Lawrence, Elizabeth, 1922-2000","Luckinbill, Laurence","Schell, Maria, 1926-2005","Ford, Ruth, 1911-2009","Gielgud, John, 1904-2000","Richardson, Ralph, Sir, 1902-1983","Visitor, Nana","Berger, Lauree","Bergman, Sandahl","Rigby, Terence","Kitchen, Michael, 1948-","Richardson, Ian, 1934-2007","Andreas, Christine","Van Devere, Trish","Dishy, Bob","Ramsey, John","Elizondo, Hector","Long, Avon","Attles, Joseph","Ebert, Joyce","Elliott, Patricia, 1938-2015","Fitzgerald, Geraldine, 1913-2005","Gregorio, Rose","Sommer, M. Josef","Towers, Constance","Vidnovic, Martin","Angela, June, 1959-","Kermoyan, Michael","McArdle, Andrea","Faison, Sandy","Fitch, Robert, (Actor)","Loudon, Dorothy","Carlos, Laurie","Collins, Risë","Quayle, Anthony, 1913-1989","Brown, Georgia","Gingold, Hermione, 1897-1987","Minnelli, Liza","Soboloff, Arnold, 1930-1979","Crofoot, Gayle, 1953-","Minami, Roger","Goddard, Mark, 1936-","Gwynne, Fred","Carlin, Tom (Thomas A.), 1928-1991","O'Hare, Michael, 1952-2012","Rupert, Gene","Anderman, Maureen, 1946-","Bayer, Gary","Bobbie, Walter, 1945-","Benedict, Gail","Ceballos, René, 1953-","Chadman, Christopher","Kahn, Madeline","Cullum, John, 1930-","Coca, Imogene","Kline, Kevin","Channing, Carol","Bracken, Eddie, 1915-2002","Reams, Lee Roy","Lacey, Florence","Lydiard, Robert, 1944-","Korey, Alix","Hirsch, Judd","Wedgeworth, Ann, 1934-2017","Latessa, Dick","Carter, Nell","De Shields, André, 1946-","McQueen, Armelia","Page, Ken","Leary, David","O'Brien, Sylvia, (Soprano)","Choate, Tim, 1954-2004","De Lappe, Gemze","McGovern, Dennis","Shaw, Leon, -1981","Copeland, Maurice","Faber, Ron, 1933-","Gray, Joel","Holgate, Ron","Vinovich, Steve, 1945-","Varrone, Gene","Curry, John, 1949-1994","Starbuck, JoJo","Carroll, Danny","Cooper, Marilyn","Corrigan, Richard","Cariou, Len","Garber, Victor","Jennings, Ken","Louise, Merle","Rice, Sarah, 1955-","Ullmann, Liv","Hearn, George","Silliman, Maureen","Holm, Celeste, 1917-2012","Franks, Laurie, 1929-","Caskey, Marilyn","Conway, Kevin","Shelley, Carole","Anglim, Philip","Horton, John, 1937-","Ivey, Judith, 1951-","Radner, Gilda","Novello, Don","Shaffer, Paul, 1949-","Vidal, Maria","Tozzi, Giorgio","Flaningam, Louisa","Michele, Linda","Arnaz, Lucie, 1951-","Klein, Robert, 1942-","Scardino, Don","Blair, Pamela","Weiss, Gordon Joseph","Perkins, Anthony, 1932-1992","Farrow, Mia, 1945-","Cook, Carole","May, Deborah","Mullavey, Greg, 1939-","Palance, Holly, 1950-","De Guzman, Josie","Marshall, Ken, 1950-","Allen, Debbie, 1950-","Smith, Maggie, 1934-","Evans, Peter, 1950-1989","Schultz, Dwight","Williams, Clarence, III, 1939-","Stanley, Pat, 1931-","Rathburn, Roger","Pugh, Ted, 1937-","Baxter, Keith, 1933-","Marsh, Jean","Gwillim, Jack","Booth, Eric","Rooney, Mickey","Miller, Ann, 1923-2004","Stone, Sid, -1986","Morris, Anita, 1943-1994","Fletcher, Jack","Leeds, Peter, 1917-1996","Leibman, Ron","Manoff, Dinah","Van Patten, Joyce, 1934-","Scollay, Fred J., 1923-2015","Austin, Beth","Rabb, Ellis, 1930-1998","Coffield, Peter, 1945-1983","Cook, Roderick","Dangler, Anita","Frey, Leonard, 1938-1988","Dale, Jim","Close, Glenn, 1947-","Tatum, Marianne","Crofoot, Leonard","Witter, William C.","Hamilton, Frank, 1925-","Kantor, Kenneth","Hausman, Elaine, 1949-","Le Gallienne, Eva, 1899-1991","Nelson, Ruth, 1905-1992","Denniston, Leslie","Hines, Maurice","Jamison, Judith","Hyman, Phyllis","Benjamin, P. 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Edward, 1903-1951","Nagel, Conrad, 1897-1970","Daniell, Henry, 1894-1963","Margetson, Arthur, 1897-1951","Goodner, Carol, 1904-2001","Burr, Anne, 1920-2003","Landis, Jessie Royce, 1904-1972","Keith, Robert, 1896-1966","Caulfield, Betty","Sullavan, Margaret, 1909-1960","Nugent, Elliott, 1896-1980","Christie, Audrey","Blackmer, Sidney, 1895-1973","Wilson, Lois, 1894-1988","Fitzgerald, Neil, 1892-1982","Harvey, Georgia, -1960","O'Connor, Patrick, 1925-2012","Smith, Howard, 1893-1968","MacKellar, Helen, 1895-1966","Dabney, Augusta, 1918-2008","Bernard, Dorothy, 1890-1955","Homolka, Oscar, 1898-1978","Lawrence, Gertrude","Massey, Raymond","Daly, James, 1918-1978","Holliday, Judy","Douglas, Paul, 1907-1959","Merrill, Beth, 1892-1986","Kennedy, Arthur, 1914-1990","Snow, Lois Wheeler","Begley, Ed, 1901-1970","Malden, Karl","Bergman, Ingrid, 1915-1982","Wanamaker, Sam, 1919-1993","Brent, Romney, 1902-1976","Bellamy, Ralph, 1904-1991","Francis, Kay, 1905-1968","McCormick, Myron","Watson, Minor, 1889-1965","Gillmore, Margalo, 1897-1986","Brooks, David, (Vocalist)","Sullivan, Elliott, 1907-1974","Fassett, Jay, 1889-1973","Kelly, Paul, 1899-1956","Whitmore, James, 1921-2009","Garfield, John","Anthony, Joseph, 1912-1993","White, Bobby","Oakland, Simon","Loder, John, 1898-1988","Cummings, Victoria","Lockhart, June, 1925-","Daniels, Marc","Rathbone, Basil, 1892-1967","Hiller, Wendy, 1912-2003","Collinge, Patricia, 1894-1974","Muni, Paul, 1895-1967","Stone, Carol, 1915-","Andrews, Ted, 1907-1966","Jones, Henry, 1912-1999","Fonda, Henry, 1905-1982","Lane, Rusty, 1899-1986","Berg, Gertrude, 1899-1966","Loeb, Philip, 1894-1955","Lascoe, Henry","Drake, Alfred, 1914-1992","Hunt, Marsha, 1917-","Tandy, Jessica","Brando, Marlon","Hunter, Kim, 1922-2002","Emerson, Faye","Cossart, Ernest, 1876-1951","Allister, Claude, 1891-1970","Clarke, Robert, 1920-2005","Bankhead, Tallulah, 1902-1968","Cook, Donald, 1901-1961","Baxley, Barbara","Langford, William, 1920-1955","Carroll, Madeleine, 1906-1987","Bolger, Ray","Cornell, Katherine, 1972-","Wiseman, Joseph","Gilbert, Lou, 1909-1978","Westerfield, James, 1913-1971","Martin, Mary, 1913-1990","Pinza, Ezio","Duncan, Todd","Banks, Leslie, 1890-1952","Gregory, James, 1911-2002","Keefer, Don, 1916-2014","Cushing, Winifred, 1907-1990","Jerome, Edwin, 1884-1959","Lorring, Joan","Lishner, Leon, 1913-1995","Blakely, Don, -2004","Lane, Gloria","Alda, Robert","Blaine, Vivian, 1921-1995","Levene, Sam, 1905-1980","Bigley, Isabel","Rooney, Pat, 1880-1962","Kaye, Stubby","Pedi, Tom, 1913-1996","Harrison, Rex","Palmer, Lilli, 1914-1986","McKay, Scott, 1915-1987","Gates, Larry, 1915-1996","Howard, Michael, 1923-","Hagen, Uta, 1919-2004","Dann, Roger","Kasznar, Kurt, 1913-1979","Dana, Leora","Burr, Donald","Stehli, Edgar, 1884-1973","Gabor, Eva, 1921-1995","Hugo, Laurence, 1917-1994","Maxwell, Frank","Ericson, John, 1927-","Henderson, Douglas, 1919-1978","Aherne, Brian, 1902-1986","George, Grace, 1879-1961","Sullivan, Liam, 1923-1998","Harris, Julie, 1925-2013","Prince, William, 1913-1996","Fabian, Olga, 1885-1983","Brooks, Martin E., 1925-2015","Jeffreys, Anne","Raitt, John E., 1912-","Wheeler, Bert, 1895-1968","Halliday, Robert, 1891-1975","Keen, Malcolm, 1887-1970","Morrow, Jeff, 1907-1993","Morgan, Ralph, 1883-1956","Cobb, Lee J., 1911-1976","Smith, Art, 1899-1973","Hansen, William, 1911-1975","De Santis, Joe, 1909-1989","Hodiak, John","McCarthy, Lin","Bel Geddes, Barbara","Nelson, Barry, 1920-2007","Dunn, Ralph, 1900-1968","Elliott, Stephen, 1918-2005","Donehue, Vincent J., 1915-1966","Segal, Vivienne","Lang, Harold, -1985","Hanley, James, 1918-1970","Berghof, Herbert","Sinclair, Betty","Merivale, John, 1917-1990","Ritchard, Cyril, 1897-1977","Mitchell-Cotts, Campbell, 1902-1964","Dyneley, Peter, 1921-1977","Douglas, Melvyn","Rowles, Polly, 1914-2001","Pierpont, Laura, 1881-1972","Di Luca, Dino, 1903-1991","Brooks, Geraldine, 1925-1977","St. Clair, Lydia, 1898-1970","Murphy, Donald, 1918-","Coote, Robert, 1909-1982","Skulnik, Menasha, 1892-1970","Whorf, Richard, 1906-1966","Rose, Norman, 1917-2004","Huber, Gusti, 1914-1993","Derr, Richard, 1917-1992","Bethencourt, Francis, 1923-2001","O'Malley, J. Pat (James Pat)","Brown, Vanessa, 1928-1999","Emhardt, Robert, 1914-1994","Allbritton, Louise, 1920-1979","Ewell, Tom, 1909-1994","Wayne, David, 1914-1995","Forsythe, John, 1918-2010","Ford, Paul, 1901-1976","Niki, Mariko","Gazzara, Ben, 1930-2012","Storch, Arthur, 1925-2013","Kellin, Mike, 1922-1983","Hingle, Pat","Franciosa, Anthony, 1928-2006","Nesbitt, Cathleen, 1888-1982","Gear, Luella, 1897-1980","Cromwell, John, 1886-1979","Brynner, Yul","Von Furstenberg, Betsy, 1931-2015","Tone, Franchot","Jackson, Anne, 1925-2016","Blyden, Larry, 1925-1975","Young, Gig, 1913-1978","Gillette, Priscilla","Douglass, Stephen, 1921-2011","Ballard, Kaye","Whiting, Jack, 1901-1961","Miller, Betty, 1925-","Penn, Leo, 1921-1998","Greene, James, 1926-","D'Annunzio, Lola, 1930-1956","Hepburn, Audrey, 1929-1993","Ferrer, Mel","Alexander, John, 1897-1982","King, Edith, 1896-1963","Hewitt, Alan, 1915-1986","Preston, Robert, 1918-1987","Graham, Ronny","McCormick, Parker","Faye, Joey","Leachman, Cloris","Thompson, Rex, 1942-","Cooper, Jackie, 1922-2011","Nolan, Lloyd","Sullivan, Barry, 1912-1994","Carey, Macdonald","Lord, Marjorie","Myers, Pauline, 1913-1996","Walken, Ken","Povah, Phyllis","Kelly, Nancy, 1921-1995","McCormack, Patty, 1945-","O'Hare, John","Varden, Evelyn, 1893-1958","Heckart, Eileen, 1919-2001","Coleman, Nancy, 1912-2000","Newman, Paul, 1925-2008","Pratt, Judson, 1916-2002","Blakely, Gene","Hackett, Buddy, 1924-2003","Bond, Sheila","Cowan, Jerome, 1897-1972","Knef, Hildegard, 1925-2002","Ameche, Don","Sullivan, Francis L.","Jessel, Patricia, 1920-1968","Lyons, Gene, 1921-1974","Randall, Anthony L.","Leslie, Bethel","Bagley, Ed","Schildkraut, Joseph, 1895-1964","Strasberg, Susan","Moore, Dennie, 1907-1978","Gilford, Jack","Winters, Shelley","Silvera, Frank, 1914-1970","Robinson, Edward G., 1893-1973","Rowlands, Gena","Russell, Rosalind","Blackburn, Dorothy","Klavun, Walter, 1906-1984","Chaplin, Sydney","Stapleton, Jean, 1923-2013","Lawrence, Eddie, 1919-2014","Clark, Dort, 1917-1989","Lamas, Fernando","Gibson, Virginia","Polk, Gordon","Merman, Ethel","Olson, Nancy, 1928-","McGavin, Darren, 1922-2006","Frey, Nathaniel","Lawrence, Carol, 1932-","Kert, Larry","Rivera, Chita","Callan, Michael, 1935-","Leroy, Ken","Verdon, Gwen","Ritter, Thelma","Wallace, George, 1917-2005","Prud'homme, Cameron, 1892-1967","Hayes, Helen, 1900-1993","Burton, Richard, 1925-1984","Cook, Barbara","Burns, David, 1902-1971","Kelton, Pert","Macready, George, 1899-1973","Darvas, Lilli, 1902-1974","Burstyn, Ellen, 1932-","Webber, Robert, 1924-1989","Ballard, Shirley, 1925-","Millay, Diana","Reilly, Hugh, 1915-1998","Horne, Lena","Montalbán, Ricardo","Premice, Josephine","Adams, Joe, 1922-","Hall, Adelaide","Davis, Ossie","Desmond, Johnny","Seymour, Anne, 1909-1988","Andrews, Dana, 1909-1992","Bancroft, Anne, 1931-2005","Nuyen, France, 1939-","Shatner, William","Randell, Ron, 1918-2005","Marshall, Sarah, 1933-2014","Cheng, Stephen Chun-Tao","Leslie, Noel","Colbert, Claudette","Boyer, Charles, 1899-1978","Newmar, Julie, 1933-","Ryan, Edmon","Skinner, Cornelia Otis, 1901-1979","Ruggles, Charlie, 1886-1970","Peppard, George","Hart, Dolores, 1938-","Umeki, Miyoshi, 1929-2007","Hall, Juanita, 1901-1968","Kenney, Ed","Luke, Keye, 1904-1991","Hong Young, Arabella","Suzuki, Pat","Bloom, Claire, 1931-","Steiger, Rod, 1925-2002","Tamiroff, Akim, 1899-1972","Willman, Noel, 1918-1988","Hardwicke, Cedric, 1893-1964","Balin, Ina, 1937-1990","Questel, Mae, 1910-1998","Tolan, Michael, 1925-2011","Klugman, Jack","Church, Sandra","Griffith, Andy, 1926-2012","Gray, Dolores","Lund, Art","Prince, Jack, 1920-1994","McNeil, Claudia","Dee, Ruby","Gossett, Louis, Jr., 1936-","Marshall, E. G., 1914-1998","Dixon, Jean, 1896-1981","Thatcher, Torin, 1905-1981","Congdon, James","Duke, Patty, 1946-2016","Culver, Roland, 1900-1984","Bryant, Michael, 1928-2002","Bedford, Brian, 1935-2016","Bosley, Tom","Hanley, Ellen","Da Silva, Howard, 1909-1986","Bacall, Lauren, 1924-2014","Robards, Jason","Stapleton, Maureen","Worth, Irene","Revere, Anne, 1903-1990","Gleason, Jackie, 1916-1987","Pidgeon, Walter, 1897-1984","Herlie, Eileen","Morse, Robert, 1931-","Bikel, Theodore","Neway, Patricia, 1919-2012","Tracy, Lee, 1898-1968","Lovejoy, Frank, 1912-1962","Maguire, Kathleen, 1925-1989","Chayefsky, Paddy, 1923-1981","Harron, Don","Ben-Ami, Jacob","Van Dyke, Dick","Lynde, Paul","Pollard, Michael J.","Watson, Susan, 1938-","Nelson, Gene, 1920-1996","Kean, Jane","Grove, Betty Ann","Munshin, Jules, 1915-1970","Sherwood, Madeleine","Fonda, Jane, 1937-","MacArthur, James, 1937-2010","Husmann, Ron","Rodgers, Eileen","Everhart, Rex","Miller, Wynne","Kiley, Richard","Morris, Chester","McCarthy, Kevin, 1914-2010","Cotsworth, Staats, 1908-1979","Ball, Lucille, 1911-1989","Andes, Keith","Stewart, Paula, 1929-","David, Clifford, 1932-","Andrews, Julie","McDowall, Roddy","Goulet, Robert, 1933-2007","Seal, Elizabeth","March, Hal, 1920-1970","Jacobi, Lou","Berlinger, Warren, 1937-","Alberghetti, Anna Maria","Mitchell, James, 1920-2010","Weede, Robert","Benzell, Mimi","Picon, Molly","Rall, Tommy","Vallée, Rudy, 1901-1986","Scott, Bonnie, 1941-","Reilly, Charles Nelson","Carson, Jeannie","Lipson, Paul","Nelson, Jen","Squire, William, 1916-1989","Pavek, Janet, 1936-2009","Main, Laurie","Allinson, Michael","Moser, Margot, 1930-","Cooper, Melville, 1896-1973","Dilworth, Gordon","Maude, Margery, 1889-1979","Carroll, Diahann","Newley, Anthony","Quayle, Anna","Baker, Jennifer, 1946-","Revill, Clive","Sewell, Danny, 1930-2001","Carroll, Helena","Ramsay, Robin, 1939-","Leigh, Vivien, 1913-1967","Aumont, Jean Pierre","De Koven, Roger","Troy, Louise","Irving, George S.","McGuire, Biff, 1927-","Smith, Patricia, 1930-2011","Evans, Mike, 1949-2006","Sherman, Hiram, 1908-1989","Allen, Norman, 1939-","Bond, Gary, 1940-1995","Dobie, Alan","McEwan, Geraldine","Foster, Barry, 1927-2002","Shawn, Dick","Kobart, Ruth","Cooper, Horace","Dayton, Dan, 1923-1999","Dennis, Sandy, 1937-1992","Porter, Don, 1912-1997","Murphy, Rosemary","Hackman, Gene","Torn, Rip, 1931-2019","Daniels, Billy, 1915-1988","Wayne, Paula, 1934-","Burnett, Carol","Cassidy, Jack, 1927-1976","Patterson, Dick","Garrett, Betty, 1919-2011","Shaw, Robert, 1927-1978","Cronyn, Hume","Voskovec, Jiří, 1905-1981","Hubbard, Elizabeth, 1933-","Bates, Alan, 1934-2003","Pettet, Joanna","Alexander, Joan","Salsbury, Colgate","Moreno, Rita","Dell, Gabriel","Ghostley, Alice, 1926-2007","Alderman, John, 1933-1987","Schofield, Frank, (Actor)","Dussault, Nancy","Bernardi, Herschel","Burr, Robert","Antonio, Lou, 1934-","Walker, Betty","Golonka, Arlene","Parsons, Estelle","Mostel, Zero, 1915-1977","Karnilova, Maria","Arthur, Beatrice","Merlin, Joanna","Pendleton, Austin","Convy, Bert","Wolfit, Donald, 1902-1968","Rhodes, Marjorie, 1897-1979","Murray, Brian, 1937-2018","Drivas, Robert, 1935-1986","Anspach, Susan, 1942-2018","St. John, Marco, 1939-","Hoffman, Ferdi, -1989","Davis, Sammy, Jr., 1925-1990","Tobey, Kenneth, 1917-2002","King, Alan, 1927-2004","MacRae, Sheila, 1921-2014","Orbach, Jerry","Gillette, Anita, 1936-","LaMotta, Jake","Campanella, Frank, 1919-2006","Dunaway, Faye","Holbrook, Hal","Beck, Stanley, 1936-","Costello, Mariclare","Loden, Barbara, 1932-1980","Mann, Paul, 1915-1985","Price, Gilbert","Jillson, Joyce","Francis, Arlene","Meeker, Ralph, 1920-1988","Forster, Robert, 1942-","Dekker, Albert, 1905-1968","Strudwick, Shepperd, 1907-1983","Peaslee, Richard. (Title of work: Marat/Sade.)","Ward, Janet, 1925-1995","Bond, Sudie, 1928-1984","Elliot, Jane, 1947-","Reid, Beryl, 1919-1996","Atkins, Eileen, 1934-","Bowers, Lally, 1917-1984","Harris, Barbara, 1935-2018","Alda, Alan, 1936-","Wisdom, Norman","Rose, George, 1920-1988","Straight, Beatrice","Moore, Robert, 1927-1984","Hecht, Paul","Wood, John, 1930-2011","Routledge, Patricia","Bayliss, Peter","Bolam, James, 1935-","Caldwell, Zoe","Watson, Douglass, 1921-1989","Cooper, Roy, 1930-","Taubin, Amy","Maher, Joseph, 1933-1998","Balsam, Martin, 1919-1996","Grizzard, George","Silver, Joe, 1922-1989","Dillon, Melinda, 1939-","O'Hara, Jill","Winter, Edward, 1937-2001","Jones, James Earl","Alexander, Jane, 1939-","Mathews, George, 1911-1984","Masterson, Peter","Haynes, Hilda, 1912-1986","Patterson, James, 1932-1972","Colon, Miriam","Smith, Sammy","Hughes, Barnard, 1915-2006","Pollock, Nancy, 1902-1979","Calloway, Cab, 1907-1994","Yancy, Emily","Rasulala, Thalmus, 1939-1991","Jones, Dean, 1931-2015","Barrie, Barbara","Coe, George","Cunningham, John, 1932-","Stritch, Elaine","Ralston, Teri","Wilson, Dolores, 1929-2010","Steffe, Edwin","Griffis, William","Ukena, Paul","Gallagher, Helen, 1926-","Dewhurst, Colleen","Curtis, Keene, 1923-2002","Martin, Leila, 1936-","Linden, Hal","Marchand, Nancy, 1928-2000","Allen, Rae","Macy, Bill, 1922-","Payne, Virginia","Lieber, Paul","Falk, Peter, 1927-2011","Grant, Lee, 1927-","Gardenia, Vincent","Stanley, Florence, 1924-2003","Hughes, Tresa","Dietrich, Dena","Reynolds, Debbie","Markham, Monte","Warrick, Ruth","Kelly, Patsy, 1910-1981","Robbins, Rex, 1935-","Schultz, Jack","Lithgow, John, 1945-","Scott, George C., 1927-1999","Christie, Julie, 1941-","Williamson, Nicol","Wilson, Elizabeth, 1921-2015","Cox, Richard, 1948-","McMillan, Kenneth, 1932-1989","Flanders, Ed, 1934-1995","O'Leary, John, 1926-","Stadlen, Lewis J.","Baker, Mark W., 1946-","Brennan, Maureen, (Musician)","Gable, June, 1945-","St. Darr, Deborah","Freed, Sam, 1948-","Lansbury, Angela, 1925-","Charisse, Zan","Wilson, Mary Louise","Langford, Bonnie","Gabel, Martin, 1912-1986","Rees, Roger, 1944-2015","Carter, John, 1927-2015","Spriggs, Elizabeth","Little, Cleavon","Eikenberry, Jill","Gorrin, Michael","Grodin, Charles","Brown, Graham, 1924-2011","Cole, Carole, 1944-2009","Miller, Linda, 1942-","Williams, Dick Anthony","Knight, Shirley, 1936-2020","Lee, Kaiulani","Montgomery, Barbara","Sacks, Michael","Pickles, Christina","Stattel, Robert","Morris, Beth, 1949-","Booth, James, 1927-2005","Owen, Meg Wynn","Cuka, Frances","Bott, John, 1923-1994","Christmas, David","Fairbank, Spring","Hudson, Travis, (Singer)","Jones, Charlotte, 1916-1992","Harding, Paul, (Actor)","Reeve, Christopher, 1952-2004","Lawrence, Elizabeth, 1922-2000","Luckinbill, Laurence","Schell, Maria, 1926-2005","Ford, Ruth, 1911-2009","Gielgud, John, 1904-2000","Richardson, Ralph, Sir, 1902-1983","Visitor, Nana","Berger, Lauree","Bergman, Sandahl","Rigby, Terence","Kitchen, Michael, 1948-","Richardson, Ian, 1934-2007","Andreas, Christine","Van Devere, Trish","Dishy, Bob","Ramsey, John","Elizondo, Hector","Long, Avon","Attles, Joseph","Ebert, Joyce","Elliott, Patricia, 1938-2015","Fitzgerald, Geraldine, 1913-2005","Gregorio, Rose","Sommer, M. Josef","Towers, Constance","Vidnovic, Martin","Angela, June, 1959-","Kermoyan, Michael","McArdle, Andrea","Faison, Sandy","Fitch, Robert, (Actor)","Loudon, Dorothy","Carlos, Laurie","Collins, Risë","Quayle, Anthony, 1913-1989","Brown, Georgia","Gingold, Hermione, 1897-1987","Minnelli, Liza","Soboloff, Arnold, 1930-1979","Crofoot, Gayle, 1953-","Minami, Roger","Goddard, Mark, 1936-","Gwynne, Fred","Carlin, Tom (Thomas A.), 1928-1991","O'Hare, Michael, 1952-2012","Rupert, Gene","Anderman, Maureen, 1946-","Bayer, Gary","Bobbie, Walter, 1945-","Benedict, Gail","Ceballos, René, 1953-","Chadman, Christopher","Kahn, Madeline","Cullum, John, 1930-","Coca, Imogene","Kline, Kevin","Channing, Carol","Bracken, Eddie, 1915-2002","Reams, Lee Roy","Lacey, Florence","Lydiard, Robert, 1944-","Korey, Alix","Hirsch, Judd","Wedgeworth, Ann, 1934-2017","Latessa, Dick","Carter, Nell","De Shields, André, 1946-","McQueen, Armelia","Page, Ken","Leary, David","O'Brien, Sylvia, (Soprano)","Choate, Tim, 1954-2004","De Lappe, Gemze","McGovern, Dennis","Shaw, Leon, -1981","Copeland, Maurice","Faber, Ron, 1933-","Gray, Joel","Holgate, Ron","Vinovich, Steve, 1945-","Varrone, Gene","Curry, John, 1949-1994","Starbuck, JoJo","Carroll, Danny","Cooper, Marilyn","Corrigan, Richard","Cariou, Len","Garber, Victor","Jennings, Ken","Louise, Merle","Rice, Sarah, 1955-","Ullmann, Liv","Hearn, George","Silliman, Maureen","Holm, Celeste, 1917-2012","Franks, Laurie, 1929-","Caskey, Marilyn","Conway, Kevin","Shelley, Carole","Anglim, Philip","Horton, John, 1937-","Ivey, Judith, 1951-","Radner, Gilda","Novello, Don","Shaffer, Paul, 1949-","Vidal, Maria","Tozzi, Giorgio","Flaningam, Louisa","Michele, Linda","Arnaz, Lucie, 1951-","Klein, Robert, 1942-","Scardino, Don","Blair, Pamela","Weiss, Gordon Joseph","Perkins, Anthony, 1932-1992","Farrow, Mia, 1945-","Cook, Carole","May, Deborah","Mullavey, Greg, 1939-","Palance, Holly, 1950-","De Guzman, Josie","Marshall, Ken, 1950-","Allen, Debbie, 1950-","Smith, Maggie, 1934-","Evans, Peter, 1950-1989","Schultz, Dwight","Williams, Clarence, III, 1939-","Stanley, Pat, 1931-","Rathburn, Roger","Pugh, Ted, 1937-","Baxter, Keith, 1933-","Marsh, Jean","Gwillim, Jack","Booth, Eric","Rooney, Mickey","Miller, Ann, 1923-2004","Stone, Sid, -1986","Morris, Anita, 1943-1994","Fletcher, Jack","Leeds, Peter, 1917-1996","Leibman, Ron","Manoff, Dinah","Van Patten, Joyce, 1934-","Scollay, Fred J., 1923-2015","Austin, Beth","Rabb, Ellis, 1930-1998","Coffield, Peter, 1945-1983","Cook, Roderick","Dangler, Anita","Frey, Leonard, 1938-1988","Dale, Jim","Close, Glenn, 1947-","Tatum, Marianne","Crofoot, Leonard","Witter, William C.","Hamilton, Frank, 1925-","Kantor, Kenneth","Hausman, Elaine, 1949-","Le Gallienne, Eva, 1899-1991","Nelson, Ruth, 1905-1992","Denniston, Leslie","Hines, Maurice","Jamison, Judith","Hyman, Phyllis","Benjamin, P. J.","Chapman, Gary, (Dancer)","Drake, Donna","Ronstadt, Linda","Smith, Rex","Hines, Gregory","Battle, Hinton","Burge, Gregg","Baskerville, Priscilla","Ellington, Mercedes","Grimes, Tammy","Bova, Joe","Richert, Wanda","Taylor, Elizabeth, 1932-2011","Zerbe, Anthony, 1936-","Aldredge, Tom","Christopher, Dennis","Ard, Ken","Buckley, Betty","Sutherland, Diane","Hack, Steven","King, Donna, 1957-","Charles, Walter","Julia, Raul","McNeely, Anna","Jones, Reed","Hall, Harriet","Newton, John, 1965-","Howard, Alan, 1937-2015","Dean, Felicity, 1959-","Miller, Pip, 1947-","Yates, Marjorie","Howey, David","Ede, George, 1931-","Babatunde, Obba","Derricks, Cleavant","Harney, Ben","Ralph, Sheryl Lee","Devine, Loretta","Allen, Elizabeth, 1929-2006","James, Jessica, 1929-1990","Brown, Lisa, 1954-","Henning, Doug","Wright, Rebecca, 1947-2006","Lane, Nathan, 1956-","Lyndeck, Edmund","Pacino, Al, 1940-","Johnston, J. J., 1933-","Hayden, James, 1953-1983","Panova, Galina","De la Pena, George","Merrill, Dina","Barry, Gene","Herman, Jerry, 1931-2019","Fierstein, Harvey, 1954-","Garner, Jay","Breen, Patrick, 1960-","Chibas, Marissa","Stevens, Fisher","Gracen, Elizabeth, 1961-","Paige, Janis","Gersten, Alexandra","Drake, Dennis","Goldberg, Whoopi, 1955-","Ivey, Dana","Martin, George, 1929-2010","McGoohan, Patrick, 1928-2009","Harris, Rosemary, 1927-","Pogorelich, Ivo, 1958-","Stewart, Malcolm, 1948-","Correia, Don","D'Arcy, Marcy","Slutsker, Peter","Rowe, Hansford","Fancy, Richard","Grant, Faye","Johnson, Van, 1916-2008","Jackson, Glenda","Peil, Mary Beth","Gunton, Bob","Jenkins, Daniel H.","Auberjonois, René, 1940-2019","Jones, Simon, 1950-","Hurt, Mary Beth","Kurtz, Swoosie","Channing, Stockard","Lindsay, Robert, 1949-","Plunkett, Maryann","Thomas, Marlo","Silver, Ron, 1946-2009","Georger, Diana, 1962-","Hoyt, Lon","Vaughan, Melanie","Moore, Mary Tyler, 1936-2017","Redgrave, Lynn, 1943-2010","Tubb, Barry, 1963-","Wilkinson, Colm","Page, Geraldine","Danner, Blythe","Chamberlain, Richard, 1935-","De Niro, Robert","Macchio, Ralph, 1961-","Andrews, Brian, (Actor)","Beechman, Laurie","Pressley, Brenda","Raines, Ron","Fowler, Beth, 1940-","Stanley, Gordon, 1951-","Green, David, 1942 June 16-","Jacobi, Derek","Gurney, Rachel, 1920-2001","Agutter, Jenny","Clarke, Richard, 1930-2005","Gough, Michael, 1916-2011","Rodgers, Richard, 1902-1979","Hammerstein, Oscar, II, 1895-1960","Goodman, Dody","Adams, Edie, 1927-2008","Frid, Jonathan, 1924-2012","Hall, Huntz, 1920-1999","Martin, Millicent","LuPone, Patti","McGillin, Howard","McCutcheon, Bill","Williams, Billy Dee, 1937-","Wong, B. D.","McCoo, Marilyn","Neuwirth, Bebe","Hillner, John","Dvorsky, George","Kopyc, Frank, 1948-","Marshal, Gary","Bohmer, Ron","Allen, Peter, 1944-1992","Wilson, Julie, 1924-2015","Edwards, Randall","Braxton, Brenda","Nolen, Timothy","Cohenour, Patti, 1952-","Barton, Steve, 1954-2001","Sternhagen, Frances, 1930-","Hyman, Earle, 1926-2017","Serra, Raymond","Meara, Anne","Garrick, Barbara","Baker, Dylan","Clarkson, Patricia","Conroy, Kevin","Frechette, Peter, 1956-","Baranski, Christine","Nelson, Mark","Roberts, Tony, 1939-","Brown, Ruth, 1928-2006","Hopkins, Linda, 1924-2017","Smith, Carrie, 1925-2012","Allen, Joan, 1956-","Daly, Tyne","Hadary, Jonathan","Moore, Crista","Collins, Pauline, 1940-","Redgrave, Vanessa, 1937-","Anderson, Kevin, 1960-","De Benedet, Rachel","Higgins, Joel","Sandy, Gary","Mallory, Victoria","Mason, Karen, (Singer)","Prince, Faith","Wise, Scott","Carmello, Carolee","Bogardus, Stephen","Thomas, Richard, 1951-","Naughton, James, 1945-","Edelman, Gregg","Tune, Tommy","Turner, Kathleen, 1954-","Johns, Glynis","Granger, Stewart, 1913-1993","Geraci, Drew","Casnoff, Philip","Ruivivar, Francis","Hunter, Joann M.","Carroll, Nancy E., (Singer)","Tucci, Lin, 1960-","Kinney, Terry","Sinise, Gary","Ramos, Paulo","Parker, Mary-Louise","Hutton, Timothy, 1960-","Hipp, Paul","Topol, 1935-","Rupert, Michael","Price, Lonny","Metz, Janet","Rigby, Cathy, 1952-","Hanna, Stephen","Vance, Courtney B.","Hines, Mimi","Pryce, Jonathan","Grey, Joel, 1932-","Crawford, Michael, 1942-","Fraser, Alison, 1955-","Eagan, Daisy","Carradine, Keith, 1949-","Ruehl, Mercedes","Spacey, Kevin","Blum, Mark, 1950-2020","Salonga, Lea","Callaway, Liz","Falk, Willy","Donnelly, Donal","Collins, Joan, 1933-","Groener, Harry","Shalhoub, Tony, 1953-","Margulies, David","Gallagher, Peter, 1955-","Pinkins, Tonya","Benson, Jodi","Curry, Tim","Pappas, Evan","Badolato, Bill","Corley, Nick","Lynes, Kristi","Hyslop, Jeff","Crivello, Anthony, 1955-","Adler, Bruce","Illmann, Margaret","Panaro, Hugh","Browne, Leslie","Breuler, Robert","Hayden, Michael, 1963-","Murphy, Sally","McMartin, John","Luker, Rebecca","McKee, Lonette","Jacoby, Mark","Campbell, Alan, 1957-","Ripley, Alice","Burton, Kate","Jones, Jeffrey, 1947-","Whitehead, Paxton","Nouri, Michael","Jones, Cherry, 1956-","Ramsay, Remak","Cypher, Jon","Goldsby, Helen","Fried, Theodora","Loud, David, 1961-","Morris, Jay Hunter","Reinking, Ann","Chiasson, Gilles, 1966-","Diggs, Taye","Hicks, Rodney, 1974-","Pascal, Adam","Stewart, Gwen","Rapp, Anthony","Mitchell, Brian Stokes","Friedman, Peter, 1949-","Mazzie, Marin","McDonald, Audra","Richardson, Natasha","Graves, Rupert, 1963-","Friel, Anna, 1976-","Hinds, Ciarán, 1953-","Pope, Stephanie","Fleming, Eugene","Moore, Dana","Parkinson, Elizabeth, (Dancer)","Bolton, John, 1965-","Gaines, Boyd","Spanger, Amy","Berresse, Michael","Lenox, Adriane","Wilkof, Lee","Binion, Sandy","Dow, Bruce","Dean, Bradley","Bowen, Andrea, 1990-","Cumpsty, Michael","Ebersole, Christine","Testa, 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Josef","Towers, Constance","Vidnovic, Martin","Angela, June, 1959-","Kermoyan, Michael","McArdle, Andrea","Faison, Sandy","Fitch, Robert, (Actor)","Loudon, Dorothy","Carlos, Laurie","Collins, Risë","Quayle, Anthony, 1913-1989","Brown, Georgia","Gingold, Hermione, 1897-1987","Minnelli, Liza","Soboloff, Arnold, 1930-1979","Crofoot, Gayle, 1953-","Minami, Roger","Goddard, Mark, 1936-","Gwynne, Fred","Carlin, Tom (Thomas A.), 1928-1991","O'Hare, Michael, 1952-2012","Rupert, Gene","Anderman, Maureen, 1946-","Bayer, Gary","Bobbie, Walter, 1945-","Benedict, Gail","Ceballos, René, 1953-","Chadman, Christopher","Kahn, Madeline","Cullum, John, 1930-","Coca, Imogene","Kline, Kevin","Channing, Carol","Bracken, Eddie, 1915-2002","Reams, Lee Roy","Lacey, Florence","Lydiard, Robert, 1944-","Korey, Alix","Hirsch, Judd","Wedgeworth, Ann, 1934-2017","Latessa, Dick","Carter, Nell","De Shields, André, 1946-","McQueen, Armelia","Page, Ken","Leary, David","O'Brien, Sylvia, (Soprano)","Choate, Tim, 1954-2004","De Lappe, Gemze","McGovern, Dennis","Shaw, Leon, -1981","Copeland, Maurice","Faber, Ron, 1933-","Gray, Joel","Holgate, Ron","Vinovich, Steve, 1945-","Varrone, Gene","Curry, John, 1949-1994","Starbuck, JoJo","Carroll, Danny","Cooper, Marilyn","Corrigan, Richard","Cariou, Len","Garber, Victor","Jennings, Ken","Louise, Merle","Rice, Sarah, 1955-","Ullmann, Liv","Hearn, George","Silliman, Maureen","Holm, Celeste, 1917-2012","Franks, Laurie, 1929-","Caskey, Marilyn","Conway, Kevin","Shelley, Carole","Anglim, Philip","Horton, John, 1937-","Ivey, Judith, 1951-","Radner, Gilda","Novello, Don","Shaffer, Paul, 1949-","Vidal, Maria","Tozzi, Giorgio","Flaningam, Louisa","Michele, Linda","Arnaz, Lucie, 1951-","Klein, Robert, 1942-","Scardino, Don","Blair, Pamela","Weiss, Gordon Joseph","Perkins, Anthony, 1932-1992","Farrow, Mia, 1945-","Cook, Carole","May, Deborah","Mullavey, Greg, 1939-","Palance, Holly, 1950-","De Guzman, Josie","Marshall, Ken, 1950-","Allen, Debbie, 1950-","Smith, Maggie, 1934-","Evans, Peter, 1950-1989","Schultz, Dwight","Williams, Clarence, III, 1939-","Stanley, Pat, 1931-","Rathburn, Roger","Pugh, Ted, 1937-","Baxter, Keith, 1933-","Marsh, Jean","Gwillim, Jack","Booth, Eric","Rooney, Mickey","Miller, Ann, 1923-2004","Stone, Sid, -1986","Morris, Anita, 1943-1994","Fletcher, Jack","Leeds, Peter, 1917-1996","Leibman, Ron","Manoff, Dinah","Van Patten, Joyce, 1934-","Scollay, Fred J., 1923-2015","Austin, Beth","Rabb, Ellis, 1930-1998","Coffield, Peter, 1945-1983","Cook, Roderick","Dangler, Anita","Frey, Leonard, 1938-1988","Dale, Jim","Close, Glenn, 1947-","Tatum, Marianne","Crofoot, Leonard","Witter, William C.","Hamilton, Frank, 1925-","Kantor, Kenneth","Hausman, Elaine, 1949-","Le Gallienne, Eva, 1899-1991","Nelson, Ruth, 1905-1992","Denniston, Leslie","Hines, Maurice","Jamison, Judith","Hyman, Phyllis","Benjamin, P. J.","Chapman, Gary, (Dancer)","Drake, Donna","Ronstadt, Linda","Smith, Rex","Hines, Gregory","Battle, Hinton","Burge, Gregg","Baskerville, Priscilla","Ellington, Mercedes","Grimes, Tammy","Bova, Joe","Richert, Wanda","Taylor, Elizabeth, 1932-2011","Zerbe, Anthony, 1936-","Aldredge, Tom","Christopher, Dennis","Ard, Ken","Buckley, Betty","Sutherland, Diane","Hack, Steven","King, Donna, 1957-","Charles, Walter","Julia, Raul","McNeely, Anna","Jones, Reed","Hall, Harriet","Newton, John, 1965-","Howard, Alan, 1937-2015","Dean, Felicity, 1959-","Miller, Pip, 1947-","Yates, Marjorie","Howey, David","Ede, George, 1931-","Babatunde, Obba","Derricks, Cleavant","Harney, Ben","Ralph, Sheryl Lee","Devine, Loretta","Allen, Elizabeth, 1929-2006","James, Jessica, 1929-1990","Brown, Lisa, 1954-","Henning, Doug","Wright, Rebecca, 1947-2006","Lane, Nathan, 1956-","Lyndeck, Edmund","Pacino, Al, 1940-","Johnston, J. 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D.","McCoo, Marilyn","Neuwirth, Bebe","Hillner, John","Dvorsky, George","Kopyc, Frank, 1948-","Marshal, Gary","Bohmer, Ron","Allen, Peter, 1944-1992","Wilson, Julie, 1924-2015","Edwards, Randall","Braxton, Brenda","Nolen, Timothy","Cohenour, Patti, 1952-","Barton, Steve, 1954-2001","Sternhagen, Frances, 1930-","Hyman, Earle, 1926-2017","Serra, Raymond","Meara, Anne","Garrick, Barbara","Baker, Dylan","Clarkson, Patricia","Conroy, Kevin","Frechette, Peter, 1956-","Baranski, Christine","Nelson, Mark","Roberts, Tony, 1939-","Brown, Ruth, 1928-2006","Hopkins, Linda, 1924-2017","Smith, Carrie, 1925-2012","Allen, Joan, 1956-","Daly, Tyne","Hadary, Jonathan","Moore, Crista","Collins, Pauline, 1940-","Redgrave, Vanessa, 1937-","Anderson, Kevin, 1960-","De Benedet, Rachel","Higgins, Joel","Sandy, Gary","Mallory, Victoria","Mason, Karen, (Singer)","Prince, Faith","Wise, Scott","Carmello, Carolee","Bogardus, Stephen","Thomas, Richard, 1951-","Naughton, James, 1945-","Edelman, Gregg","Tune, Tommy","Turner, Kathleen, 1954-","Johns, Glynis","Granger, Stewart, 1913-1993","Geraci, Drew","Casnoff, Philip","Ruivivar, Francis","Hunter, Joann M.","Carroll, Nancy E., (Singer)","Tucci, Lin, 1960-","Kinney, Terry","Sinise, Gary","Ramos, Paulo","Parker, Mary-Louise","Hutton, Timothy, 1960-","Hipp, Paul","Topol, 1935-","Rupert, Michael","Price, Lonny","Metz, Janet","Rigby, Cathy, 1952-","Hanna, Stephen","Vance, Courtney B.","Hines, Mimi","Pryce, Jonathan","Grey, Joel, 1932-","Crawford, Michael, 1942-","Fraser, Alison, 1955-","Eagan, Daisy","Carradine, Keith, 1949-","Ruehl, Mercedes","Spacey, Kevin","Blum, Mark, 1950-2020","Salonga, Lea","Callaway, Liz","Falk, Willy","Donnelly, Donal","Collins, Joan, 1933-","Groener, Harry","Shalhoub, Tony, 1953-","Margulies, David","Gallagher, Peter, 1955-","Pinkins, Tonya","Benson, Jodi","Curry, Tim","Pappas, Evan","Badolato, Bill","Corley, Nick","Lynes, Kristi","Hyslop, Jeff","Crivello, Anthony, 1955-","Adler, Bruce","Illmann, Margaret","Panaro, 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Mary","Buell, Bill, 1952-","Scherer, John, (Vocalist)","Champlin, Donna Lynne","Edwards, David, 1971-","Yulin, Harris","Lansbury, David","Van Dyck, Jennifer","Thornton, Angela","Emerson, Michael, 1954-","Foster, Sutton","Harris, Harriet Sansom, 1955-","Kudisch, Marc","Christian, Angela","Leung, Ken","Nathan, Anne L.","Jue, Francis","Biggs, Jason, 1978-","Silverstone, Alicia","Guyer, Murphy","Slezak, Victor, 1957-","Winokur, Marissa Jaret","Bundy, Laura Bell","Davis, Mary Bond","Hart, Linda, (Singer)","Morrison, Matthew, 1978-","Llana, José","Allen, Sandra, (Singer)","Ing, Alvin","Liu, Allen","Lee, Hoon, 1973-","Long, Jodi","Kim, Randall Duk","Gorshin, Frank","Feldshuh, Tovah","Racey, Noah, 1969-","Orbach, Ron","Bartlett, Peter, 1942-","Jackman, Hugh","Block, Stephanie J.","Keating, Isabel","Emick, Jarrod","Langella, Frank","Liotta, Ray","Adams, Jane, 1965-","Narayan, Manu","Dharker, Ayesha, 1977-","Crystal, Billy","Prosky, Robert, 1930-2008","McGovern, Maureen","Carroll, Janet, (Jazz vocalist)","Powers, Jenny","Uggams, Leslie","Powell, Linda, 1966-","Berlin, Jeannie, 1949-","Burns, Jere, 1954-","Glushak, Joanna","Kerwin, Brian","Korbich, Eddie","Smith-Cameron, J.","White, Alton Fitzgerald","Rutigliano, Danny","Friedman, Maria","Paice, Jill","Ball, Michael, 1962-","Brazier, Adam","Maxwell, Jan, 1956-2018","Zien, Chip","Cahoon, Kevin","Marlow, Ellen, 1994-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":506,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"7c55237a86962eb72ad56ef5","timestamp":"2026-07-09T01:29:14.283Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/7c55237a86962eb72ad56ef5_aspace_b51c4155b1d21dcce5540d43e2b3f1c1"}},{"id":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_f06d617827d50f35ea6b7204f4585419","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Bendiz Reinhard, 1945-1959","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_f06d617827d50f35ea6b7204f4585419#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_f06d617827d50f35ea6b7204f4585419","ref_ssm":["aspace_f06d617827d50f35ea6b7204f4585419","aspace_f06d617827d50f35ea6b7204f4585419"],"id":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_f06d617827d50f35ea6b7204f4585419","title_filing_ssi":"Bendiz Reinhard","title_ssm":["Bendiz Reinhard"],"title_tesim":["Bendiz Reinhard"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1945-1959"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1945-1959"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bendiz Reinhard, 1945-1959"],"text":["Bendiz Reinhard, 1945-1959","Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006","Writings by others","/repositories/2/archival_objects/28995","box 44","folder 19"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_60421e776c845bf7cd0dc7e916c56d99"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006","Writings by others"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006","Writings by others"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/2/archival_objects/28995"],"repository_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":978,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection is open for research."],"date_range_isim":[1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959],"containers_ssim":["box 44","folder 19"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#127","_nest_parent_":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_60421e776c845bf7cd0dc7e916c56d99","_root_":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","timestamp":"2026-04-21T02:08:51.248Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","title_filing_ssi":"Sudarkasa, Niara Collection","title_ssm":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection"],"title_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection"],"ead_ssi":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","unitdate_ssm":["1934-2006"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1934-2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["AARLCC.2006.4","/repositories/2/resources/51"],"text":["AARLCC.2006.4","/repositories/2/resources/51","Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006","Bahamian Americans","Correspondence","Photographs","plaques (flat objects)","Periodicals","The Niara Sudarkasa Collection is open for research.","View a selection of digitized materials from the Niara Sudarkasa Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives.","Niara Sudarkasa, born Gloria Albertha Marshall to a Bahamian immigrant family on August 14, 1938, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, demonstrated exceptional academic promise from an early age. She graduated from Dillard High School at just 14 years old and, at 15, entered Fisk University on a Ford Foundation scholarship to study English. Her intellectual journey deepened at Oberlin College, where exposure to courses on the African diaspora inspired her to change her major to Sociology-Anthropology, earning her bachelor's degree in 1957.","Gloria enrolled at Columbia University in New York, where she pursued graduate studies in Anthropology. She earned both her Master's (1959) and Ph.D. degrees in (1964), becoming the first African American woman to teach at Columbia University. Following the completion of her doctorate, Dr. Sudarkasa was appointed assistant professor of anthropology at New York University (1970-1976), again marking a historic first for an African American woman. ","Gloria Albertha Marshall adopted the name Niara Sudarkasa to reflect her evolving identity as a cultural bridge between African Americans and continental Africans. Her name change marked a deepening commitment to diasporic connection and cultural reclamation.\nAt the University of Michigan, Dr. Sudarkasa continued to break barriers, becoming the first African American faculty member in the Department of Anthropology. From 1978 to 1981, she served as Associate Director of the Center for Afro-American and African Studies, advancing scholarship and institutional support for African diaspora research.","In 1986, she became the first female president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania, a role she held until 1998. Her scholarship increasingly centered on the lives of women in West Africa and the enduring strength of the Black family. Her work in Nigeria earned her recognition from the royal court: in 2001, His Royal Majesty Aláyélúwà Ọba Ọkúnadé Sijuwade Olúbùsẹ II of the Royal Court of Ifẹ́ conferred upon her the chieftaincy title Yèyé Olókun Ìgbàdérò. She was the first African American to receive this honor from the Ifẹ́ Kingdom.","Following her retirement from higher education, Dr. Sudarkasa returned to her hometown of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where she became the first scholar-in-residence at the newly opened African American Research Library and Cultural Center in 2002.\nDr. Sudarkasa was married to John L. Clark and was the mother of Michael Sudarkasa. She passed away on May 31, 2019, at the age of 80, leaving behind a legacy of scholarship, leadership, and cultural stewardship.","The Niara Sudarkasa Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection. ","Parts of the collection have received file level processing. From January 2022 to May 2024, FIU interns, Emmanuel George, and Dominique St. Victor processed \"Series I. Correspondence\" and \"Series III. Professional Papers, Sub-series 1. Writings by Niara Sudarkasa and Sub-series 2. Writings by Others\" as part of the WPHL-FIU Community Data Curation grant.","The Niara Sudarkasa Collection documents the career of anthropologist, Africanist, professor, and university president Dr. Niara Sudarkasa. The collection contains correspondence, scholarly writings, publications, research files, audio visual materials, awards, and business papers dating from 1934 to 2006. The collection also includes Dr. Sudarka's personal library of more than 2,500 books, journals, and pamphlets. The collection highlights Dr. Sudarkasa's professional achievements including becoming the first woman president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania and first Black faculty member of the Anthropology Department at the University of Michigan. Her papers are a unique resource on Yoruba language and culture, ethnic groups in higher education, and the Black Power Movement in the United States. They also document her work to strengthen international programs at Lincoln and the University of Michigan.","Books from this collection were cataloged in the Broward County Library catalog with the prefix \"SUD\".","AARLCC Special Collections","University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)","Sudarkasa, Niara","English"],"unitid_tesim":["AARLCC.2006.4","/repositories/2/resources/51"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1934-2006"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006"],"collection_title_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006"],"collection_ssim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006"],"repository_ssm":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"creator_ssim":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"creators_ssim":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Dr. Niara Sudarkasa donated the materials to the AARLCC Special Collections on October 17, 2006 (Accession AARLCC-2006.4)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Bahamian Americans","Correspondence","Photographs","plaques (flat objects)","Periodicals"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Bahamian Americans","Correspondence","Photographs","plaques (flat objects)","Periodicals"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["400 Hollinger Boxes","410 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["400 Hollinger Boxes","410 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Photographs","plaques (flat objects)","Periodicals"],"date_range_isim":[1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Niara Sudarkasa Collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://digitalarchives.broward.org/digital/collection/nsb\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eView a selection of digitized materials from the Niara Sudarkasa Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Digitized Materials"],"altformavail_tesim":["View a selection of digitized materials from the Niara Sudarkasa Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNiara Sudarkasa, born Gloria Albertha Marshall to a Bahamian immigrant family on August 14, 1938, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, demonstrated exceptional academic promise from an early age. She graduated from Dillard High School at just 14 years old and, at 15, entered Fisk University on a Ford Foundation scholarship to study English. Her intellectual journey deepened at Oberlin College, where exposure to courses on the African diaspora inspired her to change her major to Sociology-Anthropology, earning her bachelor's degree in 1957.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGloria enrolled at Columbia University in New York, where she pursued graduate studies in Anthropology. She earned both her Master's (1959) and Ph.D. degrees in (1964), becoming the first African American woman to teach at Columbia University. Following the completion of her doctorate, Dr. Sudarkasa was appointed assistant professor of anthropology at New York University (1970-1976), again marking a historic first for an African American woman. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGloria Albertha Marshall adopted the name Niara Sudarkasa to reflect her evolving identity as a cultural bridge between African Americans and continental Africans. Her name change marked a deepening commitment to diasporic connection and cultural reclamation.\nAt the University of Michigan, Dr. Sudarkasa continued to break barriers, becoming the first African American faculty member in the Department of Anthropology. From 1978 to 1981, she served as Associate Director of the Center for Afro-American and African Studies, advancing scholarship and institutional support for African diaspora research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1986, she became the first female president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania, a role she held until 1998. Her scholarship increasingly centered on the lives of women in West Africa and the enduring strength of the Black family. Her work in Nigeria earned her recognition from the royal court: in 2001, His Royal Majesty Al\u0026#xE1;y\u0026#xE9;l\u0026#xFA;w\u0026#xE0; \u0026#x1ECC;ba \u0026#x1ECC;k\u0026#xFA;nad\u0026#xE9; Sijuwade Ol\u0026#xFA;b\u0026#xF9;s\u0026#x1EB9; II of the Royal Court of If\u0026#x1EB9;\u0026#x301; conferred upon her the chieftaincy title Y\u0026#xE8;y\u0026#xE9; Ol\u0026#xF3;kun \u0026#xCC;gb\u0026#xE0;d\u0026#xE9;r\u0026#xF2;. She was the first African American to receive this honor from the If\u0026#x1EB9;\u0026#x301; Kingdom.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFollowing her retirement from higher education, Dr. Sudarkasa returned to her hometown of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where she became the first scholar-in-residence at the newly opened African American Research Library and Cultural Center in 2002.\nDr. Sudarkasa was married to John L. Clark and was the mother of Michael Sudarkasa. She passed away on May 31, 2019, at the age of 80, leaving behind a legacy of scholarship, leadership, and cultural stewardship.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa, born Gloria Albertha Marshall to a Bahamian immigrant family on August 14, 1938, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, demonstrated exceptional academic promise from an early age. She graduated from Dillard High School at just 14 years old and, at 15, entered Fisk University on a Ford Foundation scholarship to study English. Her intellectual journey deepened at Oberlin College, where exposure to courses on the African diaspora inspired her to change her major to Sociology-Anthropology, earning her bachelor's degree in 1957.","Gloria enrolled at Columbia University in New York, where she pursued graduate studies in Anthropology. She earned both her Master's (1959) and Ph.D. degrees in (1964), becoming the first African American woman to teach at Columbia University. Following the completion of her doctorate, Dr. Sudarkasa was appointed assistant professor of anthropology at New York University (1970-1976), again marking a historic first for an African American woman. ","Gloria Albertha Marshall adopted the name Niara Sudarkasa to reflect her evolving identity as a cultural bridge between African Americans and continental Africans. Her name change marked a deepening commitment to diasporic connection and cultural reclamation.\nAt the University of Michigan, Dr. Sudarkasa continued to break barriers, becoming the first African American faculty member in the Department of Anthropology. From 1978 to 1981, she served as Associate Director of the Center for Afro-American and African Studies, advancing scholarship and institutional support for African diaspora research.","In 1986, she became the first female president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania, a role she held until 1998. Her scholarship increasingly centered on the lives of women in West Africa and the enduring strength of the Black family. Her work in Nigeria earned her recognition from the royal court: in 2001, His Royal Majesty Aláyélúwà Ọba Ọkúnadé Sijuwade Olúbùsẹ II of the Royal Court of Ifẹ́ conferred upon her the chieftaincy title Yèyé Olókun Ìgbàdérò. She was the first African American to receive this honor from the Ifẹ́ Kingdom.","Following her retirement from higher education, Dr. Sudarkasa returned to her hometown of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where she became the first scholar-in-residence at the newly opened African American Research Library and Cultural Center in 2002.\nDr. Sudarkasa was married to John L. Clark and was the mother of Michael Sudarkasa. She passed away on May 31, 2019, at the age of 80, leaving behind a legacy of scholarship, leadership, and cultural stewardship."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNiara Sudarkasa Collection, African American Research Library and Cultural Center Special Collections, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, African American Research Library and Cultural Center Special Collections, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Niara Sudarkasa Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParts of the collection have received file level processing. From January 2022 to May 2024, FIU interns, Emmanuel George, and Dominique St. Victor processed \"Series I. Correspondence\" and \"Series III. Professional Papers, Sub-series 1. Writings by Niara Sudarkasa and Sub-series 2. Writings by Others\" as part of the WPHL-FIU Community Data Curation grant.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection. ","Parts of the collection have received file level processing. From January 2022 to May 2024, FIU interns, Emmanuel George, and Dominique St. Victor processed \"Series I. Correspondence\" and \"Series III. Professional Papers, Sub-series 1. Writings by Niara Sudarkasa and Sub-series 2. Writings by Others\" as part of the WPHL-FIU Community Data Curation grant."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Niara Sudarkasa Collection documents the career of anthropologist, Africanist, professor, and university president Dr. Niara Sudarkasa. The collection contains correspondence, scholarly writings, publications, research files, audio visual materials, awards, and business papers dating from 1934 to 2006. The collection also includes Dr. Sudarka's personal library of more than 2,500 books, journals, and pamphlets. The collection highlights Dr. Sudarkasa's professional achievements including becoming the first woman president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania and first Black faculty member of the Anthropology Department at the University of Michigan. Her papers are a unique resource on Yoruba language and culture, ethnic groups in higher education, and the Black Power Movement in the United States. They also document her work to strengthen international programs at Lincoln and the University of Michigan.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection documents the career of anthropologist, Africanist, professor, and university president Dr. Niara Sudarkasa. The collection contains correspondence, scholarly writings, publications, research files, audio visual materials, awards, and business papers dating from 1934 to 2006. The collection also includes Dr. Sudarka's personal library of more than 2,500 books, journals, and pamphlets. The collection highlights Dr. Sudarkasa's professional achievements including becoming the first woman president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania and first Black faculty member of the Anthropology Department at the University of Michigan. Her papers are a unique resource on Yoruba language and culture, ethnic groups in higher education, and the Black Power Movement in the United States. They also document her work to strengthen international programs at Lincoln and the University of Michigan."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://broward.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/search/results?qu=SUD\u0026amp;qf=LOCATION%09Shelf+Location%091%3AAF-SPC%09AARLCC+Special+Collections\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBooks from this collection were cataloged in the Broward County Library catalog with the prefix \"SUD\".\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Access the Books"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Books from this collection were cataloged in the Broward County Library catalog with the prefix \"SUD\"."],"names_coll_ssim":["University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)"],"names_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections","University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)","Sudarkasa, Niara"],"corpname_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections","University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)"],"persname_ssim":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2760,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","timestamp":"2026-04-21T02:08:51.248Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_f06d617827d50f35ea6b7204f4585419"}},{"id":"8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f_aspace_5c0422c8d4ac625300fc6d4175c050c2","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Beneficencia Asturiana, 1948-1977","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f_aspace_5c0422c8d4ac625300fc6d4175c050c2#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_5c0422c8d4ac625300fc6d4175c050c2","ref_ssm":["aspace_5c0422c8d4ac625300fc6d4175c050c2","aspace_5c0422c8d4ac625300fc6d4175c050c2"],"id":"8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f_aspace_5c0422c8d4ac625300fc6d4175c050c2","title_filing_ssi":"Beneficencia Asturiana","title_ssm":["Beneficencia Asturiana"],"title_tesim":["Beneficencia Asturiana"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1948-1977"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1948-1977"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Beneficencia Asturiana, 1948-1977"],"text":["Beneficencia Asturiana, 1948-1977","Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987","Financial Records","205","/repositories/2/archival_objects/158893","box 205"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f","8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f_aspace_185606"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987","Financial Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987","Financial Records"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["205","/repositories/2/archival_objects/158893"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":2,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":771,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/for more information."],"date_range_isim":[1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977],"containers_ssim":["box 205"],"_nest_path_":"/components#5/components#50","_nest_parent_":"8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f_aspace_185606","_root_":"8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f","_version_":1875301659078295552,"timestamp":"2026-09-03T09:17:07.659Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f","title_ssm":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection"],"title_tesim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection"],"ead_ssi":"8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f","unitdate_ssm":["1902-2007","1902-1987","Date acquired: 00/00/1989"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1902-1987"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1902-2007"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 00/00/1989"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-1989-02","/repositories/2/resources/542"],"text":["MS-1989-02","/repositories/2/resources/542","Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987","Tampa (Fla.) -- History","Cigar industry -- Florida -- Tampa","Cuba -- Relations -- Florida -- Tampa","Clubs -- Florida -- Tampa","Tampa (Fla.) -- Social life and customs","Playbills -- Florida -- Tampa","The Centro Asturiano de Tampa Collection is arranged into series according to subject. These include organizational, financial, ephemera, artifacts, photographs, and media. Records are arranged chronologically within each series. Boxes 159-243 contain financial records.","When Spanish immigrants came to Tampa in the 1890s, they brought with them the idea of the mutual aid society, a voluntary association or club that pooled resources to provide members with a variety of social, cultural, and economic benefits.  The first such club established in Tampa was the Centro Español, founded in 1891. The Centro Asturiano began in 1902 when a group of members seceded from the Centro Español to create a club that included healthcare.  Named for the northwest Spanish region of Asturias from which many of the founding members had come, the new society was chartered as a branch of the Centro Asturiano de Habana, and was known for decades as the \"Tampa Delegation\" of the Cuban organization.","On January 22, 1909, the club dedicated a handsome red brick building, which cost $75,000.  When fire destroyed the building in 1912, club members voted to build an even larger and more impressive facility. This columned, neoclassical building, which the  Tampa Morning Tribune  called \"the most beautiful building in the South,\" opened in 1914 at a cost of $110,000. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974 and retains its stature as one of the most outstanding structures in Tampa's Ybor City historic district. The club's cantina provided a pleasant atmosphere for members to spend their leisure time, a place to talk, play dominos, and smoke a cigar.  The palatial ballroom was the scene of glittering social affairs, balls, tea dances, and other activities. A space was set aside for a library and gymnasium as well to promote the club's mission of education, good health and the general well-being of its members. The Centro's building served as a center of social and cultural life for its community and is still owned by the club to this day.","A central part of club life was the building's elaborate theatre.  In its heyday, the Centro theatre was the venue for plays, operas, musicals, and other performances featuring both local talent and well-known Cuban, Spanish, and Italian entertainers who made Ybor City part of their tours. During the depression years of the 1930s, the Spanish language unit of the WPA Federal Theatre presented performances in the Centro's theatre, which was also used for cigar labor union meetings and other events.","The largest of all the Tampa fraternal clubs, the Centro expanded and flourished in the early decades of the twentieth century, due in large part to its acceptance of members from various ethnicities and its medical facilities. Following World War II however, membership gradually declined as economic and demographic changes eroded the cigar-making immigrant community.  Many of the services offered by the club either became functions of government agencies or were too expensive to maintain, lessening the advantages of membership. With the assimilation of its traditional membership base into the general population, the club was no longer the center of the cohesive ethnic community it once served. Despite adversity, the Centro Asturiano has endured, serving as an icon of heritage to descendants of the Spanish immigrants who played such a significant role in the development of modern Tampa.","Note written by Paul Camp, 2006; Joe Tamargo, 2011.","Centro Asturiano De Tampa Membership Records Photograph Collection . Tampa, Florida: University of South Florida Libraries, 2003.","Centro Asturiano Library Collection,  Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","Centro Español De Tampa Collection , USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Cuban Club Records , USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","The Centro Asturiano de Tampa Collection consists of club and hospital records, meeting minutes, photographs, ephemera, zarzuelas, playbills, financial records, memorias, and cemetery records. Artifacts include flags, trophies, printing plates, and various other items related to the club.","None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/for more information.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Centro Asturiano de Tampa","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-1989-02","/repositories/2/resources/542"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987"],"collection_title_tesim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987"],"collection_ssim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Tampa (Fla.) -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Tampa (Fla.) -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa"],"creator_ssim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa"],"creators_ssim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa"],"places_ssim":["Tampa (Fla.) -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa","Donation"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Cigar industry -- Florida -- Tampa","Cuba -- Relations -- Florida -- Tampa","Clubs -- Florida -- Tampa","Tampa (Fla.) -- Social life and customs","Playbills -- Florida -- Tampa"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Cigar industry -- Florida -- Tampa","Cuba -- Relations -- Florida -- Tampa","Clubs -- Florida -- Tampa","Tampa (Fla.) -- Social life and customs","Playbills -- Florida -- Tampa"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["164.7 Linear Feet","241 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["164.7 Linear Feet","241 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Playbills -- Florida -- Tampa"],"date_range_isim":[1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Centro Asturiano de Tampa Collection is arranged into series according to subject. These include organizational, financial, ephemera, artifacts, photographs, and media. Records are arranged chronologically within each series. Boxes 159-243 contain financial records.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Centro Asturiano de Tampa Collection is arranged into series according to subject. These include organizational, financial, ephemera, artifacts, photographs, and media. Records are arranged chronologically within each series. Boxes 159-243 contain financial records."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWhen Spanish immigrants came to Tampa in the 1890s, they brought with them the idea of the mutual aid society, a voluntary association or club that pooled resources to provide members with a variety of social, cultural, and economic benefits.  The first such club established in Tampa was the Centro Espa\u0026#xF1;ol, founded in 1891. The Centro Asturiano began in 1902 when a group of members seceded from the Centro Espa\u0026#xF1;ol to create a club that included healthcare.  Named for the northwest Spanish region of Asturias from which many of the founding members had come, the new society was chartered as a branch of the Centro Asturiano de Habana, and was known for decades as the \"Tampa Delegation\" of the Cuban organization.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn January 22, 1909, the club dedicated a handsome red brick building, which cost $75,000.  When fire destroyed the building in 1912, club members voted to build an even larger and more impressive facility. This columned, neoclassical building, which the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTampa Morning Tribune\u003c/emph\u003e called \"the most beautiful building in the South,\" opened in 1914 at a cost of $110,000. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974 and retains its stature as one of the most outstanding structures in Tampa's Ybor City historic district. The club's cantina provided a pleasant atmosphere for members to spend their leisure time, a place to talk, play dominos, and smoke a cigar.  The palatial ballroom was the scene of glittering social affairs, balls, tea dances, and other activities. A space was set aside for a library and gymnasium as well to promote the club's mission of education, good health and the general well-being of its members. The Centro's building served as a center of social and cultural life for its community and is still owned by the club to this day.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA central part of club life was the building's elaborate theatre.  In its heyday, the Centro theatre was the venue for plays, operas, musicals, and other performances featuring both local talent and well-known Cuban, Spanish, and Italian entertainers who made Ybor City part of their tours. During the depression years of the 1930s, the Spanish language unit of the WPA Federal Theatre presented performances in the Centro's theatre, which was also used for cigar labor union meetings and other events.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe largest of all the Tampa fraternal clubs, the Centro expanded and flourished in the early decades of the twentieth century, due in large part to its acceptance of members from various ethnicities and its medical facilities. Following World War II however, membership gradually declined as economic and demographic changes eroded the cigar-making immigrant community.  Many of the services offered by the club either became functions of government agencies or were too expensive to maintain, lessening the advantages of membership. With the assimilation of its traditional membership base into the general population, the club was no longer the center of the cohesive ethnic community it once served. Despite adversity, the Centro Asturiano has endured, serving as an icon of heritage to descendants of the Spanish immigrants who played such a significant role in the development of modern Tampa.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Paul Camp, 2006; Joe Tamargo, 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["When Spanish immigrants came to Tampa in the 1890s, they brought with them the idea of the mutual aid society, a voluntary association or club that pooled resources to provide members with a variety of social, cultural, and economic benefits.  The first such club established in Tampa was the Centro Español, founded in 1891. The Centro Asturiano began in 1902 when a group of members seceded from the Centro Español to create a club that included healthcare.  Named for the northwest Spanish region of Asturias from which many of the founding members had come, the new society was chartered as a branch of the Centro Asturiano de Habana, and was known for decades as the \"Tampa Delegation\" of the Cuban organization.","On January 22, 1909, the club dedicated a handsome red brick building, which cost $75,000.  When fire destroyed the building in 1912, club members voted to build an even larger and more impressive facility. This columned, neoclassical building, which the  Tampa Morning Tribune  called \"the most beautiful building in the South,\" opened in 1914 at a cost of $110,000. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974 and retains its stature as one of the most outstanding structures in Tampa's Ybor City historic district. The club's cantina provided a pleasant atmosphere for members to spend their leisure time, a place to talk, play dominos, and smoke a cigar.  The palatial ballroom was the scene of glittering social affairs, balls, tea dances, and other activities. A space was set aside for a library and gymnasium as well to promote the club's mission of education, good health and the general well-being of its members. The Centro's building served as a center of social and cultural life for its community and is still owned by the club to this day.","A central part of club life was the building's elaborate theatre.  In its heyday, the Centro theatre was the venue for plays, operas, musicals, and other performances featuring both local talent and well-known Cuban, Spanish, and Italian entertainers who made Ybor City part of their tours. During the depression years of the 1930s, the Spanish language unit of the WPA Federal Theatre presented performances in the Centro's theatre, which was also used for cigar labor union meetings and other events.","The largest of all the Tampa fraternal clubs, the Centro expanded and flourished in the early decades of the twentieth century, due in large part to its acceptance of members from various ethnicities and its medical facilities. Following World War II however, membership gradually declined as economic and demographic changes eroded the cigar-making immigrant community.  Many of the services offered by the club either became functions of government agencies or were too expensive to maintain, lessening the advantages of membership. With the assimilation of its traditional membership base into the general population, the club was no longer the center of the cohesive ethnic community it once served. Despite adversity, the Centro Asturiano has endured, serving as an icon of heritage to descendants of the Spanish immigrants who played such a significant role in the development of modern Tampa.","Note written by Paul Camp, 2006; Joe Tamargo, 2011."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCentro Asturiano de Tampa collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCentro Asturiano De Tampa Membership Records Photograph Collection\u003c/emph\u003e. Tampa, Florida: University of South Florida Libraries, 2003.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCentro Asturiano Library Collection,\u003c/emph\u003e Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCentro Espan\u0026#x303;ol De Tampa Collection\u003c/emph\u003e, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCuban Club Records\u003c/emph\u003e, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Centro Asturiano De Tampa Membership Records Photograph Collection . Tampa, Florida: University of South Florida Libraries, 2003.","Centro Asturiano Library Collection,  Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","Centro Español De Tampa Collection , USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Cuban Club Records , USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Centro Asturiano de Tampa Collection consists of club and hospital records, meeting minutes, photographs, ephemera, zarzuelas, playbills, financial records, memorias, and cemetery records. Artifacts include flags, trophies, printing plates, and various other items related to the club.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Centro Asturiano de Tampa Collection consists of club and hospital records, meeting minutes, photographs, ephemera, zarzuelas, playbills, financial records, memorias, and cemetery records. Artifacts include flags, trophies, printing plates, and various other items related to the club."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa"],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Centro Asturiano de Tampa"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Centro Asturiano de Tampa"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1038,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1875301659078295552,"_root_":"8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f","timestamp":"2026-09-03T09:17:07.659Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f_aspace_5c0422c8d4ac625300fc6d4175c050c2"}},{"id":"322420487f73584d3ed6788b","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Benjamin H. Nahabedian Collection, Circa 1940s-1965","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/322420487f73584d3ed6788b#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThe Benjamin H. Nahabedian Collection consists of nine photographs and six postcards. Several photographs depict hotels in Fort Lauderdale and East Las Olas following a hurricane. The collection also includes images of the Pan American Airport in Miami and canal scenes from Fort Lauderdale.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/322420487f73584d3ed6788b#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"322420487f73584d3ed6788b","title_filing_ssi":"Nahabedian, Benjamin H. Collection","title_ssm":["Benjamin H. Nahabedian Collection"],"title_tesim":["Benjamin H. 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The company specialized in salvaging architectural elements—such as windows, doors, lighting, and cabinetry—from homes scheduled for demolition, offering unique and upscale items to homeowners and designers. After Liz Johnson's passing in 2005, Nahabedian continued operating the business for his daughter, who became the owner. His work reflected a commitment to recycling and repurposing materials, contributing to South Florida's vibrant estate sale and salvage industry.","This collection received collection-level description by Erin Purdy in December 2024. Item-level processing was completed by Frederic Santerre in January 2026. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.","The Benjamin H. Nahabedian Collection consists of nine photographs and six postcards. Several photographs depict hotels in Fort Lauderdale and East Las Olas following a hurricane. The collection also includes images of the Pan American Airport in Miami and canal scenes from Fort Lauderdale."," Broward County Historical Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["BCHA.2003.27","/repositories/4/resources/314"],"normalized_date_ssm":["Circa 1940s-1965"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Benjamin H. Nahabedian Collection, Circa 1940s-1965"],"collection_title_tesim":["Benjamin H. Nahabedian Collection, Circa 1940s-1965"],"collection_ssim":["Benjamin H. 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His work reflected a commitment to recycling and repurposing materials, contributing to South Florida's vibrant estate sale and salvage industry.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Benjamin Nahabedian (1938-2022) was a South Florida entrepreneur and business manager best known for founding Demolition \u0026 Estate Sales in Fort Lauderdale in 1992 with his wife, Liz Johnson. The company specialized in salvaging architectural elements—such as windows, doors, lighting, and cabinetry—from homes scheduled for demolition, offering unique and upscale items to homeowners and designers. After Liz Johnson's passing in 2005, Nahabedian continued operating the business for his daughter, who became the owner. His work reflected a commitment to recycling and repurposing materials, contributing to South Florida's vibrant estate sale and salvage industry."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBenjamin H. 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Nahabedian Collection consists of nine photographs and six postcards. Several photographs depict hotels in Fort Lauderdale and East Las Olas following a hurricane. The collection also includes images of the Pan American Airport in Miami and canal scenes from Fort Lauderdale.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Benjamin H. Nahabedian Collection consists of nine photographs and six postcards. Several photographs depict hotels in Fort Lauderdale and East Las Olas following a hurricane. The collection also includes images of the Pan American Airport in Miami and canal scenes from Fort Lauderdale."],"names_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives"],"corpname_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":16,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1871565437703028736,"_root_":"322420487f73584d3ed6788b","timestamp":"2026-07-24T03:31:29.410Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"322420487f73584d3ed6788b","title_filing_ssi":"Nahabedian, Benjamin H. Collection","title_ssm":["Benjamin H. Nahabedian Collection"],"title_tesim":["Benjamin H. 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Leland collection, 1920-2016, Date accessioned: 2021-02-26, bulk 1941-1946","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/6056dca14b33c7e6aebaba6e#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Leland, Benjamin T., 1920-2016"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/6056dca14b33c7e6aebaba6e#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to U.S. Navy Lieutenant Benjamin T. Leland who served as a fighter pilot on the U.S.S. \u003cem\u003eWasp\u003c/em\u003e with VF-86 Squadron during World War II in the Pacific Theater of Operations and remained in the U.S. Navy Reserves until retiring in 1964. He was recalled to active duty as a pilot during the Korean War from 1951 to 1953 and served with Squadron VF-831 on the U.S.S. \u003cem\u003eAntietam\u003c/em\u003e. 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Leland collection, 1920-2016, Date accessioned: 2021-02-26, bulk 1941-1946","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Pacific Area","World War, 1939-1945--Pacific Ocean--Naval operations, American","Hellcat (Fighter planes)","Korean War, 1950-1953","This collection is open to all researchers.","Benjamin T. Leland was born on February 15, 1920 in Pittsburgh, PA. He graduated with a B.S. in Civil Engineering from Union College in 1942. Before enlisting in the U.S. Navy, he worked as an Instrument man on a survey party for the Naval Supply Depot, Scotia, N.Y.  Leland entered the U.S. Navy in November 1942 and was selected for flight training. He attended pre-flight training at University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N.C. He received additional training at Glenview Naval Air Station, Glenview, IL, and Corpus Christi, TX. After flight training, Leland was stationed at Cecil Otis Field and Camp Edwards, MA.  In September 1944, he left San Diego, CA for the Pacific Theater of Operations and was subsequently assigned squadron VF-86 aboard the U.S.S.  Wasp  CV-18 flying support and bombing missions on F6F Hellcat fighters on Okinawa and Japan in 1945. Leland was released from active duty in February 1947 and worked for the Lackawanna Railroad as an engineer. In 1951, he was recalled to active duty in the U.S. Navy during the Korean War and flew missions in Korea with VF-831 on the U.S.S.  Antietam . He was again released from active service in 1953. He worked for the Douglas Corporation, Tulsa, OK as an engineer.  Leland passed away on October 27, 2016.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection relates to U.S. Navy Lieutenant Benjamin T. Leland who served as a fighter pilot on the U.S.S.  Wasp  with VF-86 Squadron during World War II in the Pacific Theater of Operations and remained in the U.S. Navy Reserves until retiring in 1964. He was recalled to active duty as a pilot during the Korean War from 1951 to 1953 and served with Squadron VF-831 on the U.S.S.  Antietam .  This collection includes Leland's oral history interview transcript, memoirs, artifacts, flight equipment, documents, Leland's U.S. Navy Flight Jacket, and photographs.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. 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This collection includes Leland's oral history interview transcript, memoirs, artifacts, flight equipment, documents, Leland's U.S. Navy Flight Jacket, and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to U.S. Navy Lieutenant Benjamin T. Leland who served as a fighter pilot on the U.S.S.  Wasp  with VF-86 Squadron during World War II in the Pacific Theater of Operations and remained in the U.S. Navy Reserves until retiring in 1964. He was recalled to active duty as a pilot during the Korean War from 1951 to 1953 and served with Squadron VF-831 on the U.S.S.  Antietam .  This collection includes Leland's oral history interview transcript, memoirs, artifacts, flight equipment, documents, Leland's U.S. Navy Flight Jacket, and photographs."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_coll_ssim":["Wasp (Aircraft carrier : CVS-18)","Leland, Benjamin T., 1920-2016"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Wasp (Aircraft carrier : CVS-18)","Leland, Benjamin T., 1920-2016"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Wasp (Aircraft carrier : CVS-18)"],"persname_ssim":["Leland, Benjamin T., 1920-2016"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":12,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"6056dca14b33c7e6aebaba6e","timestamp":"2026-07-11T04:56:51.609Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/6056dca14b33c7e6aebaba6e_aspace_d0d1d5031726284dedb4ebcd59eb914a"}},{"id":"41fcb0a4c4dd61a7a3fe4a91","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Ben White Raceway Papers, 1946-1978","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/41fcb0a4c4dd61a7a3fe4a91#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Ben White Raceway"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/41fcb0a4c4dd61a7a3fe4a91#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Ben White Raceway located on a 120- acre tract in Fairview Park, near downtown Orlando, Florida, was the largest training facility and winter home for champion racehorses. The track was named in honor of one of the nation's most famous trainers, Ben White, who won numerous titles and chose Orlando as a training site in 1920. The track lost popularity as the expense to ship horses to Orlando became too great. In July 2001, the name was changed to Trotters Park. In January 10, 2002, the City of Orlando decided to close the struggling facility to convert the property into a city park."],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/41fcb0a4c4dd61a7a3fe4a91#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"41fcb0a4c4dd61a7a3fe4a91","title_ssm":["Ben White Raceway Papers"],"title_tesim":["Ben White Raceway Papers"],"ead_ssi":"41fcb0a4c4dd61a7a3fe4a91","unitdate_ssm":["1946-1978"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1946-1978"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC011","/repositories/4/resources/16"],"text":["SC011","/repositories/4/resources/16","Ben White Raceway Papers, 1946-1978","Orlando (Fla.)","Orange County (Fla.)","Harness racing","The entire collection is open for research.","Ben White Raceway was the largest training facility and winter home for champion racehorses. Located in Fairview Park, a 120-acre tract about 3 miles from downtown Orlando, the raceway was owned and maintained by the City of Orlando. The track was named in honor of one of the nation's most famous trainers, Ben White, who won numerous titles and chose Orlando as a training site in 1920. As a result of White's international reputation, the track became known as \"the colt capital of harness racing\".","\nBen White Raceway, however, lost popularity as it proved to be too expensive to ship horses to Orlando. In July 2001, the name was changed to Trotters Park at the request of Ben White's family because the track no longer had anything to do with harness racing. By January 10, 2002, the City of Orlando decided to close the already struggling facility and use the property for a city park.","Collection processed by Nadine Helm; finding aid prepared by Nadine Helm.\nMaterial is housed in one box and separated into folders by content. Directories, minutes and programs are then arranged in chronological order.","The Ben White Raceway Papers include historical background, correspondence, photographs, newspaper clippings, and directories of the many champion horses that trained at the facility throughout its 30 year existence.","Unpublished records are protected by copyright. Permission to publish quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","Ben White Raceway located on a 120- acre tract in Fairview Park, near downtown Orlando, Florida, was the largest training facility and winter home for champion racehorses. The track was named in honor of one of the nation's most famous trainers, Ben White, who won numerous titles and chose Orlando as a training site in 1920. The track lost popularity as the expense to ship horses to Orlando became too great. In July 2001, the name was changed to Trotters Park. In January 10, 2002, the City of Orlando decided to close the struggling facility to convert the property into a city park.","UCF Special Collections","Ben White Raceway","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC011","/repositories/4/resources/16"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1946-1978"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ben White Raceway Papers, 1946-1978"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ben White Raceway Papers, 1946-1978"],"collection_ssim":["Ben White Raceway Papers, 1946-1978"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Orlando (Fla.)","Orange County (Fla.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Orlando (Fla.)","Orange County (Fla.)"],"creator_ssm":["Ben White Raceway"],"creator_ssim":["Ben White Raceway"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Ben White Raceway"],"creators_ssim":["Ben White Raceway"],"places_ssim":["Orlando (Fla.)","Orange County (Fla.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished records are protected by copyright. Permission to publish quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to the University of Central Florida Libraries during or after 1978 (CFM1978_01)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Harness racing"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Harness racing"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.50 Linear Feet 1 Box"],"extent_tesim":["0.50 Linear Feet 1 Box"],"date_range_isim":[1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBen White Raceway was the largest training facility and winter home for champion racehorses. Located in Fairview Park, a 120-acre tract about 3 miles from downtown Orlando, the raceway was owned and maintained by the City of Orlando. The track was named in honor of one of the nation's most famous trainers, Ben White, who won numerous titles and chose Orlando as a training site in 1920. As a result of White's international reputation, the track became known as \"the colt capital of harness racing\".\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nBen White Raceway, however, lost popularity as it proved to be too expensive to ship horses to Orlando. In July 2001, the name was changed to Trotters Park at the request of Ben White's family because the track no longer had anything to do with harness racing. By January 10, 2002, the City of Orlando decided to close the already struggling facility and use the property for a city park.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Ben White Raceway was the largest training facility and winter home for champion racehorses. Located in Fairview Park, a 120-acre tract about 3 miles from downtown Orlando, the raceway was owned and maintained by the City of Orlando. The track was named in honor of one of the nation's most famous trainers, Ben White, who won numerous titles and chose Orlando as a training site in 1920. As a result of White's international reputation, the track became known as \"the colt capital of harness racing\".","\nBen White Raceway, however, lost popularity as it proved to be too expensive to ship horses to Orlando. In July 2001, the name was changed to Trotters Park at the request of Ben White's family because the track no longer had anything to do with harness racing. By January 10, 2002, the City of Orlando decided to close the already struggling facility and use the property for a city park."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBen White Raceway Papers, 1946-1978, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Ben White Raceway Papers, 1946-1978, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection processed by Nadine Helm; finding aid prepared by Nadine Helm.\nMaterial is housed in one box and separated into folders by content. Directories, minutes and programs are then arranged in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Collection processed by Nadine Helm; finding aid prepared by Nadine Helm.\nMaterial is housed in one box and separated into folders by content. Directories, minutes and programs are then arranged in chronological order."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Ben White Raceway Papers include historical background, correspondence, photographs, newspaper clippings, and directories of the many champion horses that trained at the facility throughout its 30 year existence.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Ben White Raceway Papers include historical background, correspondence, photographs, newspaper clippings, and directories of the many champion horses that trained at the facility throughout its 30 year existence."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished records are protected by copyright. Permission to publish quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished records are protected by copyright. Permission to publish quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8606b837b4637641cac975c990db55e1\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eBen White Raceway located on a 120- acre tract in Fairview Park, near downtown Orlando, Florida, was the largest training facility and winter home for champion racehorses. The track was named in honor of one of the nation's most famous trainers, Ben White, who won numerous titles and chose Orlando as a training site in 1920. The track lost popularity as the expense to ship horses to Orlando became too great. In July 2001, the name was changed to Trotters Park. In January 10, 2002, the City of Orlando decided to close the struggling facility to convert the property into a city park.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Ben White Raceway located on a 120- acre tract in Fairview Park, near downtown Orlando, Florida, was the largest training facility and winter home for champion racehorses. The track was named in honor of one of the nation's most famous trainers, Ben White, who won numerous titles and chose Orlando as a training site in 1920. The track lost popularity as the expense to ship horses to Orlando became too great. In July 2001, the name was changed to Trotters Park. In January 10, 2002, the City of Orlando decided to close the struggling facility to convert the property into a city park."],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Ben White Raceway"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Ben White Raceway"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":12,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1874753293978173440,"_root_":"41fcb0a4c4dd61a7a3fe4a91","timestamp":"2026-08-28T08:01:06.065Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"41fcb0a4c4dd61a7a3fe4a91","title_ssm":["Ben White Raceway Papers"],"title_tesim":["Ben White Raceway Papers"],"ead_ssi":"41fcb0a4c4dd61a7a3fe4a91","unitdate_ssm":["1946-1978"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1946-1978"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC011","/repositories/4/resources/16"],"text":["SC011","/repositories/4/resources/16","Ben White Raceway Papers, 1946-1978","Orlando (Fla.)","Orange County (Fla.)","Harness racing","The entire collection is open for research.","Ben White Raceway was the largest training facility and winter home for champion racehorses. Located in Fairview Park, a 120-acre tract about 3 miles from downtown Orlando, the raceway was owned and maintained by the City of Orlando. The track was named in honor of one of the nation's most famous trainers, Ben White, who won numerous titles and chose Orlando as a training site in 1920. As a result of White's international reputation, the track became known as \"the colt capital of harness racing\".","\nBen White Raceway, however, lost popularity as it proved to be too expensive to ship horses to Orlando. In July 2001, the name was changed to Trotters Park at the request of Ben White's family because the track no longer had anything to do with harness racing. By January 10, 2002, the City of Orlando decided to close the already struggling facility and use the property for a city park.","Collection processed by Nadine Helm; finding aid prepared by Nadine Helm.\nMaterial is housed in one box and separated into folders by content. Directories, minutes and programs are then arranged in chronological order.","The Ben White Raceway Papers include historical background, correspondence, photographs, newspaper clippings, and directories of the many champion horses that trained at the facility throughout its 30 year existence.","Unpublished records are protected by copyright. Permission to publish quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","Ben White Raceway located on a 120- acre tract in Fairview Park, near downtown Orlando, Florida, was the largest training facility and winter home for champion racehorses. The track was named in honor of one of the nation's most famous trainers, Ben White, who won numerous titles and chose Orlando as a training site in 1920. The track lost popularity as the expense to ship horses to Orlando became too great. In July 2001, the name was changed to Trotters Park. In January 10, 2002, the City of Orlando decided to close the struggling facility to convert the property into a city park.","UCF Special Collections","Ben White Raceway","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC011","/repositories/4/resources/16"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1946-1978"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ben White Raceway Papers, 1946-1978"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ben White Raceway Papers, 1946-1978"],"collection_ssim":["Ben White Raceway Papers, 1946-1978"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Orlando (Fla.)","Orange County (Fla.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Orlando (Fla.)","Orange County (Fla.)"],"creator_ssm":["Ben White Raceway"],"creator_ssim":["Ben White Raceway"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Ben White Raceway"],"creators_ssim":["Ben White Raceway"],"places_ssim":["Orlando (Fla.)","Orange County (Fla.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished records are protected by copyright. Permission to publish quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to the University of Central Florida Libraries during or after 1978 (CFM1978_01)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Harness racing"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Harness racing"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.50 Linear Feet 1 Box"],"extent_tesim":["0.50 Linear Feet 1 Box"],"date_range_isim":[1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBen White Raceway was the largest training facility and winter home for champion racehorses. Located in Fairview Park, a 120-acre tract about 3 miles from downtown Orlando, the raceway was owned and maintained by the City of Orlando. The track was named in honor of one of the nation's most famous trainers, Ben White, who won numerous titles and chose Orlando as a training site in 1920. As a result of White's international reputation, the track became known as \"the colt capital of harness racing\".\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nBen White Raceway, however, lost popularity as it proved to be too expensive to ship horses to Orlando. In July 2001, the name was changed to Trotters Park at the request of Ben White's family because the track no longer had anything to do with harness racing. By January 10, 2002, the City of Orlando decided to close the already struggling facility and use the property for a city park.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Ben White Raceway was the largest training facility and winter home for champion racehorses. Located in Fairview Park, a 120-acre tract about 3 miles from downtown Orlando, the raceway was owned and maintained by the City of Orlando. The track was named in honor of one of the nation's most famous trainers, Ben White, who won numerous titles and chose Orlando as a training site in 1920. As a result of White's international reputation, the track became known as \"the colt capital of harness racing\".","\nBen White Raceway, however, lost popularity as it proved to be too expensive to ship horses to Orlando. In July 2001, the name was changed to Trotters Park at the request of Ben White's family because the track no longer had anything to do with harness racing. By January 10, 2002, the City of Orlando decided to close the already struggling facility and use the property for a city park."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBen White Raceway Papers, 1946-1978, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Ben White Raceway Papers, 1946-1978, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection processed by Nadine Helm; finding aid prepared by Nadine Helm.\nMaterial is housed in one box and separated into folders by content. Directories, minutes and programs are then arranged in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Collection processed by Nadine Helm; finding aid prepared by Nadine Helm.\nMaterial is housed in one box and separated into folders by content. Directories, minutes and programs are then arranged in chronological order."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Ben White Raceway Papers include historical background, correspondence, photographs, newspaper clippings, and directories of the many champion horses that trained at the facility throughout its 30 year existence.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Ben White Raceway Papers include historical background, correspondence, photographs, newspaper clippings, and directories of the many champion horses that trained at the facility throughout its 30 year existence."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished records are protected by copyright. Permission to publish quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished records are protected by copyright. Permission to publish quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8606b837b4637641cac975c990db55e1\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eBen White Raceway located on a 120- acre tract in Fairview Park, near downtown Orlando, Florida, was the largest training facility and winter home for champion racehorses. The track was named in honor of one of the nation's most famous trainers, Ben White, who won numerous titles and chose Orlando as a training site in 1920. The track lost popularity as the expense to ship horses to Orlando became too great. In July 2001, the name was changed to Trotters Park. In January 10, 2002, the City of Orlando decided to close the struggling facility to convert the property into a city park.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Ben White Raceway located on a 120- acre tract in Fairview Park, near downtown Orlando, Florida, was the largest training facility and winter home for champion racehorses. The track was named in honor of one of the nation's most famous trainers, Ben White, who won numerous titles and chose Orlando as a training site in 1920. The track lost popularity as the expense to ship horses to Orlando became too great. In July 2001, the name was changed to Trotters Park. In January 10, 2002, the City of Orlando decided to close the struggling facility to convert the property into a city park."],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Ben White Raceway"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Ben White Raceway"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":12,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1874753293978173440,"_root_":"41fcb0a4c4dd61a7a3fe4a91","timestamp":"2026-08-28T08:01:06.065Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/41fcb0a4c4dd61a7a3fe4a91"}},{"id":"976011b2d2f0d067aaa03413","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Bernard Diederich Collection, 1945-2010","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/976011b2d2f0d067aaa03413#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Diederich, Bernard"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/976011b2d2f0d067aaa03413#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThe Bernard Diederich Collection includes both papers and media. Diederich's papers constitute over 130 boxes (143 linear feet); they include Diederich's telegraphs and telexes, his reporter's notepads, and his interview notes, as well as historical documents, such as Central American and Caribbean newspapers and political posters and booklets. The papers also include his private correspondence, which reveals the many challenges encountered by journalists who work in Latin America and the Caribbean. The media collection contains over 20,000 slides and photos that document Diederich's travels. It also includes videotapes and audio cassettes with Diederich's many interviews with Central American and Caribbean leaders.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/976011b2d2f0d067aaa03413#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"976011b2d2f0d067aaa03413","title_ssm":["Bernard Diederich Collection"],"title_tesim":["Bernard Diederich Collection"],"ead_ssi":"976011b2d2f0d067aaa03413","unitdate_ssm":["1945-2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1945-2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["File","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SPC7010","/repositories/2/resources/73"],"text":["SPC7010","/repositories/2/resources/73","Bernard Diederich Collection, 1945-2010","Haiti--Politics and government.","The Bernard Diederich Collection includes both papers and media. Diederich's papers constitute over 130 boxes (143 linear feet); they include Diederich's telegraphs and telexes, his reporter's notepads, and his interview notes, as well as historical documents, such as Central American and Caribbean newspapers and political posters and booklets. The papers also include his private correspondence, which reveals the many challenges encountered by journalists who work in Latin America and the Caribbean. The media collection contains over 20,000 slides and photos that document Diederich's travels. It also includes videotapes and audio cassettes with Diederich's many interviews with Central American and Caribbean leaders.","Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections. ","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general","FIU Special Collections","Diederich, Bernard","English Spanish; Castilian"],"unitid_tesim":["SPC7010","/repositories/2/resources/73"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1945-2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bernard Diederich Collection, 1945-2010"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bernard Diederich Collection, 1945-2010"],"collection_ssim":["Bernard Diederich Collection, 1945-2010"],"repository_ssm":["FIU Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Diederich, Bernard"],"creator_ssim":["Diederich, Bernard"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Diederich, Bernard"],"creators_ssim":["Diederich, Bernard"],"access_terms_ssm":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections. ","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Haiti--Politics and government."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Haiti--Politics and government."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["128.00 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["128.00 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Bernard Diederich Collection includes both papers and media. Diederich's papers constitute over 130 boxes (143 linear feet); they include Diederich's telegraphs and telexes, his reporter's notepads, and his interview notes, as well as historical documents, such as Central American and Caribbean newspapers and political posters and booklets. The papers also include his private correspondence, which reveals the many challenges encountered by journalists who work in Latin America and the Caribbean. The media collection contains over 20,000 slides and photos that document Diederich's travels. It also includes videotapes and audio cassettes with Diederich's many interviews with Central American and Caribbean leaders.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Bernard Diederich Collection includes both papers and media. Diederich's papers constitute over 130 boxes (143 linear feet); they include Diederich's telegraphs and telexes, his reporter's notepads, and his interview notes, as well as historical documents, such as Central American and Caribbean newspapers and political posters and booklets. The papers also include his private correspondence, which reveals the many challenges encountered by journalists who work in Latin America and the Caribbean. The media collection contains over 20,000 slides and photos that document Diederich's travels. It also includes videotapes and audio cassettes with Diederich's many interviews with Central American and Caribbean leaders."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections \u0026amp; University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. 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