{"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1949\u0026page=341\u0026view=compact","prev":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1949\u0026page=340\u0026view=compact","next":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1949\u0026page=342\u0026view=compact","last":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1949\u0026page=406\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":341,"next_page":342,"prev_page":340,"total_pages":406,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":3400,"total_count":4058,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"6ef8107929816c0a1803c8ae_aspace_0897a36e4339a1f852bb92a25d97c696","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Scrapbooks, 1940-1969","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/6ef8107929816c0a1803c8ae_aspace_0897a36e4339a1f852bb92a25d97c696#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_0897a36e4339a1f852bb92a25d97c696","ref_ssm":["aspace_0897a36e4339a1f852bb92a25d97c696","aspace_0897a36e4339a1f852bb92a25d97c696"],"id":"6ef8107929816c0a1803c8ae_aspace_0897a36e4339a1f852bb92a25d97c696","title_filing_ssi":"Scrapbooks","title_ssm":["Scrapbooks"],"title_tesim":["Scrapbooks"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1940-1969"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1940-1969"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Scrapbooks, 1940-1969"],"text":["Scrapbooks, 1940-1969","Jordan Park collection, 1938-1980","/repositories/3/archival_objects/186500"],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["6ef8107929816c0a1803c8ae"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Jordan Park collection, 1938-1980"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Jordan Park collection, 1938-1980"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/3/archival_objects/186500"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Jordan Park collection, 1938-1980"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":4,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":20,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"date_range_isim":[1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969],"_nest_path_":"/components#2","_nest_parent_":"6ef8107929816c0a1803c8ae","_root_":"6ef8107929816c0a1803c8ae","timestamp":"2026-07-10T03:12:42.653Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"6ef8107929816c0a1803c8ae","title_ssm":["Jordan Park collection"],"title_tesim":["Jordan Park collection"],"ead_ssi":"6ef8107929816c0a1803c8ae","unitdate_ssm":["1938-1980"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1938-1980"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SP-MS-2009-01","/repositories/3/resources/647"],"text":["SP-MS-2009-01","/repositories/3/resources/647","Jordan Park collection, 1938-1980","Florida—Race relations.","African Americans -- Segregation","African Americans -- Florida -- St. Petersburg (Fla.) ","The materials in the Jordan Park Collection nearly were discarded; the good fortune of the preservation of these items is considerable. Special Collections and Archives at the Poynter Library received the various photographs, property records, maps, documents, and scrapbooks from Dayton Stone on 18 June 2009. Stone had discovered these items while cleaning out an abandoned property in St. Petersburg. Subsequent review of the materials revealed the necessity of some conservation work and arrangement due to the condition in which these items had existed prior to his fortunate discovery. These records fill an important gap in our history.","Historic sources strongly indicate that Jordan Park was named for local black pioneer, Elder Jordan Sr., and that he donated land for the housing project. Indeed, Jordan Sr. was a successful entrepreneur who owned a reckonable amount of real estate in St. Petersburg during the height of the Jim Crow years. It should also be noted that Jordan Elementary School, the second school available to local African American students in St. Petersburg, sat in close proximity to the site where Jordan Park housing project was built. (The red brick school building still stands and has been renovated for use by a local Head Start program as part of the city's Midtown initiatives.) Elder Jordan Sr. built housing along 22nd Street South (the thoroughfare at the heart of St. Petersburg's black community), as well as houses laid out in courts further southeast of this area. Logical inference based on several historic sources point toward the housing project being named for Jordan Elementary School, and the school being named for Jordan Sr., who was for all purposes, a prominent developer in the local African American community.","These records fill an important gap in our history. The initial Jordan Park residential units were constructed between 1939 and 1941. After some success in relocating residents from \"derelict\" structures to this new facility, authorities approved additional housing at the Jordan Park site. The majority of the funding for its construction came from federal sources during the New Deal as part of the Wagner-Steagall Housing Act passed in August 1937. Beyond the importance of the items specifically concerned with Jordan Park, there are several photographs and records that document the substandard housing that existed in St. Petersburg's African American neighborhoods at the time that Jordan Park was expected to replace, including structures in Peppertown and the Gas Plant district. Many of the original black neighborhoods have since transitioned into other use (including the site of Tropicana Field on the former Gas Plant property) with little reference material available to researchers to learn about them.","Beyond the importance of the items specifically concerned with Jordan Park, there are several photographs and records that document the substandard housing that existed in St. Petersburg's African American neighborhoods at the time that Jordan Park was expected to replace, including structures in Peppertown and the Gas Plant district. Many of the original black neighborhoods have since transitioned into other use (including the site of Tropicana Field on the former Gas Plant property) with little reference material available to researchers to learn about them. The Jordan Park Collection fills many gaps in the historical record and allows researchers to reconstruct, in part, certain neighborhoods from the time in a way not previously possible.","This collection was originally published in 2009 and was updated in 2024.","Materials related to the Jordan Park Housing Project in St. Petersburg, Florida including project documentation, photographs and album, scrapbooks, and maps.","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.","The materials in the Jordan Park Collection nearly were discarded; the good fortune of the preservation of these items is considerable. Poynter Library received the various photographs, property records, maps, documents, and scrapbooks from Dayton Stone in June 2009. These materials depict the Jordan Park residential units built by the St. Petersburg Housing Authority.","USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives","West Coast Title Company (St. Petersburg, Fla.)","St. Petersburg Times ","Housing Authority of the City of St. Petersburg (Fla.)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SP-MS-2009-01","/repositories/3/resources/647"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1938-1980"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jordan Park collection, 1938-1980"],"collection_title_tesim":["Jordan Park collection, 1938-1980"],"collection_ssim":["Jordan Park collection, 1938-1980"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives"],"creator_ssm":["West Coast Title Company (St. Petersburg, Fla.)","St. Petersburg Times "],"creator_ssim":["West Coast Title Company (St. Petersburg, Fla.)","St. Petersburg Times "],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Coast Title Company (St. Petersburg, Fla.)","St. Petersburg Times "],"creators_ssim":["West Coast Title Company (St. Petersburg, Fla.)","St. Petersburg Times "],"access_terms_ssm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Florida—Race relations.","African Americans -- Segregation","African Americans -- Florida -- St. Petersburg (Fla.) "],"access_subjects_ssm":["Florida—Race relations.","African Americans -- Segregation","African Americans -- Florida -- St. Petersburg (Fla.) "],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["10 boxes 4 Document Boxes, 4 Object Boxes, 2 Oversized Boxes"],"extent_tesim":["10 boxes 4 Document Boxes, 4 Object Boxes, 2 Oversized Boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials in the Jordan Park Collection nearly were discarded; the good fortune of the preservation of these items is considerable. Special Collections and Archives at the Poynter Library received the various photographs, property records, maps, documents, and scrapbooks from Dayton Stone on 18 June 2009. Stone had discovered these items while cleaning out an abandoned property in St. Petersburg. Subsequent review of the materials revealed the necessity of some conservation work and arrangement due to the condition in which these items had existed prior to his fortunate discovery. These records fill an important gap in our history.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHistoric sources strongly indicate that Jordan Park was named for local black pioneer, Elder Jordan Sr., and that he donated land for the housing project. Indeed, Jordan Sr. was a successful entrepreneur who owned a reckonable amount of real estate in St. Petersburg during the height of the Jim Crow years. It should also be noted that Jordan Elementary School, the second school available to local African American students in St. Petersburg, sat in close proximity to the site where Jordan Park housing project was built. (The red brick school building still stands and has been renovated for use by a local Head Start program as part of the city's Midtown initiatives.) Elder Jordan Sr. built housing along 22nd Street South (the thoroughfare at the heart of St. Petersburg's black community), as well as houses laid out in courts further southeast of this area. Logical inference based on several historic sources point toward the housing project being named for Jordan Elementary School, and the school being named for Jordan Sr., who was for all purposes, a prominent developer in the local African American community.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese records fill an important gap in our history. The initial Jordan Park residential units were constructed between 1939 and 1941. After some success in relocating residents from \"derelict\" structures to this new facility, authorities approved additional housing at the Jordan Park site. The majority of the funding for its construction came from federal sources during the New Deal as part of the Wagner-Steagall Housing Act passed in August 1937. Beyond the importance of the items specifically concerned with Jordan Park, there are several photographs and records that document the substandard housing that existed in St. Petersburg's African American neighborhoods at the time that Jordan Park was expected to replace, including structures in Peppertown and the Gas Plant district. Many of the original black neighborhoods have since transitioned into other use (including the site of Tropicana Field on the former Gas Plant property) with little reference material available to researchers to learn about them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBeyond the importance of the items specifically concerned with Jordan Park, there are several photographs and records that document the substandard housing that existed in St. Petersburg's African American neighborhoods at the time that Jordan Park was expected to replace, including structures in Peppertown and the Gas Plant district. Many of the original black neighborhoods have since transitioned into other use (including the site of Tropicana Field on the former Gas Plant property) with little reference material available to researchers to learn about them. The Jordan Park Collection fills many gaps in the historical record and allows researchers to reconstruct, in part, certain neighborhoods from the time in a way not previously possible.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The materials in the Jordan Park Collection nearly were discarded; the good fortune of the preservation of these items is considerable. Special Collections and Archives at the Poynter Library received the various photographs, property records, maps, documents, and scrapbooks from Dayton Stone on 18 June 2009. Stone had discovered these items while cleaning out an abandoned property in St. Petersburg. Subsequent review of the materials revealed the necessity of some conservation work and arrangement due to the condition in which these items had existed prior to his fortunate discovery. These records fill an important gap in our history.","Historic sources strongly indicate that Jordan Park was named for local black pioneer, Elder Jordan Sr., and that he donated land for the housing project. Indeed, Jordan Sr. was a successful entrepreneur who owned a reckonable amount of real estate in St. Petersburg during the height of the Jim Crow years. It should also be noted that Jordan Elementary School, the second school available to local African American students in St. Petersburg, sat in close proximity to the site where Jordan Park housing project was built. (The red brick school building still stands and has been renovated for use by a local Head Start program as part of the city's Midtown initiatives.) Elder Jordan Sr. built housing along 22nd Street South (the thoroughfare at the heart of St. Petersburg's black community), as well as houses laid out in courts further southeast of this area. Logical inference based on several historic sources point toward the housing project being named for Jordan Elementary School, and the school being named for Jordan Sr., who was for all purposes, a prominent developer in the local African American community.","These records fill an important gap in our history. The initial Jordan Park residential units were constructed between 1939 and 1941. After some success in relocating residents from \"derelict\" structures to this new facility, authorities approved additional housing at the Jordan Park site. The majority of the funding for its construction came from federal sources during the New Deal as part of the Wagner-Steagall Housing Act passed in August 1937. Beyond the importance of the items specifically concerned with Jordan Park, there are several photographs and records that document the substandard housing that existed in St. Petersburg's African American neighborhoods at the time that Jordan Park was expected to replace, including structures in Peppertown and the Gas Plant district. Many of the original black neighborhoods have since transitioned into other use (including the site of Tropicana Field on the former Gas Plant property) with little reference material available to researchers to learn about them.","Beyond the importance of the items specifically concerned with Jordan Park, there are several photographs and records that document the substandard housing that existed in St. Petersburg's African American neighborhoods at the time that Jordan Park was expected to replace, including structures in Peppertown and the Gas Plant district. Many of the original black neighborhoods have since transitioned into other use (including the site of Tropicana Field on the former Gas Plant property) with little reference material available to researchers to learn about them. The Jordan Park Collection fills many gaps in the historical record and allows researchers to reconstruct, in part, certain neighborhoods from the time in a way not previously possible."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJordan Park collection, Nelson Poynter Memorial Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Jordan Park collection, Nelson Poynter Memorial Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was originally published in 2009 and was updated in 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection was originally published in 2009 and was updated in 2024."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials related to the Jordan Park Housing Project in St. Petersburg, Florida including project documentation, photographs and album, scrapbooks, and maps.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Materials related to the Jordan Park Housing Project in St. Petersburg, Florida including project documentation, photographs and album, scrapbooks, and maps."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_97bc1bd41e67edcfa435a97daf74d656\"\u003eThe materials in the Jordan Park Collection nearly were discarded; the good fortune of the preservation of these items is considerable. Poynter Library received the various photographs, property records, maps, documents, and scrapbooks from Dayton Stone in June 2009. These materials depict the Jordan Park residential units built by the St. Petersburg Housing Authority.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The materials in the Jordan Park Collection nearly were discarded; the good fortune of the preservation of these items is considerable. Poynter Library received the various photographs, property records, maps, documents, and scrapbooks from Dayton Stone in June 2009. These materials depict the Jordan Park residential units built by the St. Petersburg Housing Authority."],"names_coll_ssim":["Housing Authority of the City of St. Petersburg (Fla.)"],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives","West Coast Title Company (St. Petersburg, Fla.)","St. Petersburg Times ","Housing Authority of the City of St. Petersburg (Fla.)"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives","West Coast Title Company (St. Petersburg, Fla.)","St. Petersburg Times ","Housing Authority of the City of St. Petersburg (Fla.)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":28,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"6ef8107929816c0a1803c8ae","timestamp":"2026-07-10T03:12:42.653Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/6ef8107929816c0a1803c8ae_aspace_0897a36e4339a1f852bb92a25d97c696"}},{"id":"fa7267d0d7c856054ef95e7d_aspace_18276","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Scrapbooks, circa 1945-1980","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/fa7267d0d7c856054ef95e7d_aspace_18276#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_18276","ref_ssm":["aspace_18276","aspace_18276"],"id":"fa7267d0d7c856054ef95e7d_aspace_18276","title_filing_ssi":"Scrapbooks","title_ssm":["Scrapbooks"],"title_tesim":["Scrapbooks"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1945-1980"],"normalized_date_ssm":["circa 1945-1980"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Scrapbooks, circa 1945-1980"],"text":["Scrapbooks, circa 1945-1980","Archimedes L. A. Patti Research Papers, 1922-1993","Research, 1922-1993, undated.","Personal Items, circa 1945-1985, undated.","Folder 1","/repositories/4/archival_objects/40005","box 10","folder 1"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["fa7267d0d7c856054ef95e7d","fa7267d0d7c856054ef95e7d_aspace_18113","fa7267d0d7c856054ef95e7d_aspace_18272"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Archimedes L. A. Patti Research Papers, 1922-1993","Research, 1922-1993, undated.","Personal Items, circa 1945-1985, undated."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Archimedes L. A. Patti Research Papers, 1922-1993","Research, 1922-1993, undated.","Personal Items, circa 1945-1985, undated."],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 1","/repositories/4/archival_objects/40005"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Archimedes L. A. Patti Research Papers, 1922-1993"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":142,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Equipment is not available for playing the 8 inch floppy disks in Series I."],"date_range_isim":[1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980],"containers_ssim":["box 10","folder 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#2/components#1","_nest_parent_":"fa7267d0d7c856054ef95e7d_aspace_18272","_root_":"fa7267d0d7c856054ef95e7d","_version_":1874662718601953280,"timestamp":"2026-08-27T08:01:26.645Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"fa7267d0d7c856054ef95e7d","title_ssm":["Archimedes L. A. Patti Research Papers"],"title_tesim":["Archimedes L. A. Patti Research Papers"],"ead_ssi":"fa7267d0d7c856054ef95e7d","unitdate_ssm":["1922-1993"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1922-1993"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC026","/repositories/4/resources/170"],"text":["SC026","/repositories/4/resources/170","Archimedes L. A. Patti Research Papers, 1922-1993","United States -- Foreign relations -- 1945-1989","United States -- Foreign relations -- Vietnam","Vietnam -- Foreign relations -- United States","Vietnam -- History -- 1945-1975","Photographic prints","The entire collection is open for research.","Archimedes L. A. Patti was a writer, historian and retired Army lieutenant colonel best known for his work with Ho Chi Minh 1945 and his subsequent 1980 book, Why Viet Nam? Prelude to America's Albatross. After his service in the European Theater during World War II, Patti was transferred to the Office of Strategic Services (OSS – precursor to CIA) in Hanoi, Vietnam. While there, Patti was named head of a secret OSS mission under President Franklin Delano Roosevelt designed to support anti-colonialism in Asia. Part of Patti's mission was to befriend Ho Chi Minh and train Ho's men to fight the occupying Japanese forces in Vietnam. Patti was later pulled out of Vietnam by the United States in 1945 but he continued his friendly relations with Ho and his representatives. After his retirement, Patti worked closely with federal agencies in creating plans for civil governance in the event of a catastrophic attack on the US. Patti also became a well-known writer, recounting his work with Ho in 1945 and the changing face of politics in the Indochina region. Held for publication in the 1950s due to its controversial subject matter on communism, Patti's book, Why Viet Nam? Prelude to America's Albatross was published in 1980 and became known as a critical work on the study of politics in Asia. Patti passed away in Winter Park in 1998 at age 84 and is buried at Arlington National Cemetery in Washington DC.","Processed by Alexandra Olsen, April Karlene Anderson and Katie Seeler; finding aid prepared by April Karlene Anderson, Jonathon Teasley and Katie Seeler. Photographs processed by Sandra Varry, encoded by Kelly Gaiser.\t ","Rusty staples and paper clips have been removed where necessary. Paper materials were placed in acid free folders which in turn are housed in acid free boxes. Some photographs were placed in mylar enclosures to protect flaking emulsion. All photographs were placed in acid free folders. Negatives were placed into acid free sleeves and stored in acid free folders. Scrapbooks have been wrapped in acid free paper and tied with cotton cloth to prevent further damage.","Books collected by Archimedes L. A. Patti can be found by performing a series search for \"Archimedes L. A. Patti collection\" in the   Library Catalog  .","\nPatti, Archimedes L. A. Why Viet Nam?: Prelude to America's Albatross. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1980. Call Number: Special Collections -  E183.8.V5 P3 1980 .","The collection is divided into three series based on the type of manuscript materials found in the collection. Many parts of this collection were found not to be in the original order as created by Patti. Where possible, original order was retained while remaining materials were organized by material type.","\nSeries I: Research, 1922-1993, Undated, contains research notes created by Patti. These notes can be found throughout the series in various forms, mostly handwritten directly on news clippings, photocopied monographs, magazines and in personal notebooks. This series also includes photographs, an audio tape, handwritten and typed index notecards, maps of Indochina and scrapbooks created by Patti.","\nSeries II: Photographs, 1919-1990, Undated, Materials in this series include original negatives and images, as well as those given to and collected or copied by Patti. Please refer to the included scrapbooks (Series I, box 10) for additional notations and images.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1948-1990, Undated, contains draft and final manuscript materials for the author's published and unpublished works. This series includes reviews of the author's published work by the Washington Post, New York Times, and CBS.","Equipment is not available for playing the 8 inch floppy disks in Series I.","This collection contains the research materials collected by Archimedes L. A. Patti for use in his historical writings. Known for his military career, his work in the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) and his relationship with Ho Chi Minh, Patti was recognized later in life as a respected researcher and historian on Indochina affairs. Notes, manuscripts, ephemera, photographs, maps, books and scrapbooks are held in this collection. Of important note are photographs given to Patti by Ho Chi Minh in 1945.","UCF Special Collections","United States. Central Intelligence Agency","United States. Army","Patti, Archimedes L. A.","Hồ, Chí Minh, 1890-1969","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC026","/repositories/4/resources/170"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1922-1993"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Archimedes L. A. Patti Research Papers, 1922-1993"],"collection_title_tesim":["Archimedes L. A. Patti Research Papers, 1922-1993"],"collection_ssim":["Archimedes L. A. Patti Research Papers, 1922-1993"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- Foreign relations -- 1945-1989","United States -- Foreign relations -- Vietnam","Vietnam -- Foreign relations -- United States","Vietnam -- History -- 1945-1975"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- Foreign relations -- 1945-1989","United States -- Foreign relations -- Vietnam","Vietnam -- Foreign relations -- United States","Vietnam -- History -- 1945-1975"],"places_ssim":["United States -- Foreign relations -- 1945-1989","United States -- Foreign relations -- Vietnam","Vietnam -- Foreign relations -- United States","Vietnam -- History -- 1945-1975"],"access_terms_ssm":["Equipment is not available for playing the 8 inch floppy disks in Series I."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Mr. Patti's wife, Margaret Telford Patti donated these materials to the University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives in 1998 (CFM1998_02)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Photographic prints"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Photographic prints"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["20.25 Linear Feet 27 Boxes, 1 Flat File"],"extent_tesim":["20.25 Linear Feet 27 Boxes, 1 Flat File"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographic prints"],"date_range_isim":[1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArchimedes L. A. Patti was a writer, historian and retired Army lieutenant colonel best known for his work with Ho Chi Minh 1945 and his subsequent 1980 book, Why Viet Nam? Prelude to America's Albatross. After his service in the European Theater during World War II, Patti was transferred to the Office of Strategic Services (OSS \u0026#x2013; precursor to CIA) in Hanoi, Vietnam. While there, Patti was named head of a secret OSS mission under President Franklin Delano Roosevelt designed to support anti-colonialism in Asia. Part of Patti's mission was to befriend Ho Chi Minh and train Ho's men to fight the occupying Japanese forces in Vietnam. Patti was later pulled out of Vietnam by the United States in 1945 but he continued his friendly relations with Ho and his representatives. After his retirement, Patti worked closely with federal agencies in creating plans for civil governance in the event of a catastrophic attack on the US. Patti also became a well-known writer, recounting his work with Ho in 1945 and the changing face of politics in the Indochina region. Held for publication in the 1950s due to its controversial subject matter on communism, Patti's book, Why Viet Nam? Prelude to America's Albatross was published in 1980 and became known as a critical work on the study of politics in Asia. Patti passed away in Winter Park in 1998 at age 84 and is buried at Arlington National Cemetery in Washington DC.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Archimedes L. A. Patti was a writer, historian and retired Army lieutenant colonel best known for his work with Ho Chi Minh 1945 and his subsequent 1980 book, Why Viet Nam? Prelude to America's Albatross. After his service in the European Theater during World War II, Patti was transferred to the Office of Strategic Services (OSS – precursor to CIA) in Hanoi, Vietnam. While there, Patti was named head of a secret OSS mission under President Franklin Delano Roosevelt designed to support anti-colonialism in Asia. Part of Patti's mission was to befriend Ho Chi Minh and train Ho's men to fight the occupying Japanese forces in Vietnam. Patti was later pulled out of Vietnam by the United States in 1945 but he continued his friendly relations with Ho and his representatives. After his retirement, Patti worked closely with federal agencies in creating plans for civil governance in the event of a catastrophic attack on the US. Patti also became a well-known writer, recounting his work with Ho in 1945 and the changing face of politics in the Indochina region. Held for publication in the 1950s due to its controversial subject matter on communism, Patti's book, Why Viet Nam? Prelude to America's Albatross was published in 1980 and became known as a critical work on the study of politics in Asia. Patti passed away in Winter Park in 1998 at age 84 and is buried at Arlington National Cemetery in Washington DC."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Archimedes L. A. Patti Research Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["The Archimedes L. A. Patti Research Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Alexandra Olsen, April Karlene Anderson and Katie Seeler; finding aid prepared by April Karlene Anderson, Jonathon Teasley and Katie Seeler. Photographs processed by Sandra Varry, encoded by Kelly Gaiser.\t \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRusty staples and paper clips have been removed where necessary. Paper materials were placed in acid free folders which in turn are housed in acid free boxes. Some photographs were placed in mylar enclosures to protect flaking emulsion. All photographs were placed in acid free folders. Negatives were placed into acid free sleeves and stored in acid free folders. Scrapbooks have been wrapped in acid free paper and tied with cotton cloth to prevent further damage.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Alexandra Olsen, April Karlene Anderson and Katie Seeler; finding aid prepared by April Karlene Anderson, Jonathon Teasley and Katie Seeler. Photographs processed by Sandra Varry, encoded by Kelly Gaiser.\t ","Rusty staples and paper clips have been removed where necessary. Paper materials were placed in acid free folders which in turn are housed in acid free boxes. Some photographs were placed in mylar enclosures to protect flaking emulsion. All photographs were placed in acid free folders. Negatives were placed into acid free sleeves and stored in acid free folders. Scrapbooks have been wrapped in acid free paper and tied with cotton cloth to prevent further damage."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks collected by Archimedes L. A. Patti can be found by performing a series search for \"Archimedes L. A. Patti collection\" in the \u003cextref href=\"https://library.ucf.edu\"\u003e Library Catalog\u003c/extref\u003e .\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nPatti, Archimedes L. A. Why Viet Nam?: Prelude to America's Albatross. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1980. Call Number: Special Collections - \u003cextref href=\"https://ucf-flvc.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01FALSC_UCF/6a1ouu/alma990239794040306596\"\u003eE183.8.V5 P3 1980\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Books collected by Archimedes L. A. Patti can be found by performing a series search for \"Archimedes L. A. Patti collection\" in the   Library Catalog  .","\nPatti, Archimedes L. A. Why Viet Nam?: Prelude to America's Albatross. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1980. Call Number: Special Collections -  E183.8.V5 P3 1980 ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into three series based on the type of manuscript materials found in the collection. Many parts of this collection were found not to be in the original order as created by Patti. Where possible, original order was retained while remaining materials were organized by material type.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I: Research, 1922-1993, Undated, contains research notes created by Patti. These notes can be found throughout the series in various forms, mostly handwritten directly on news clippings, photocopied monographs, magazines and in personal notebooks. This series also includes photographs, an audio tape, handwritten and typed index notecards, maps of Indochina and scrapbooks created by Patti.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Photographs, 1919-1990, Undated, Materials in this series include original negatives and images, as well as those given to and collected or copied by Patti. Please refer to the included scrapbooks (Series I, box 10) for additional notations and images.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Publications, 1948-1990, Undated, contains draft and final manuscript materials for the author's published and unpublished works. This series includes reviews of the author's published work by the Washington Post, New York Times, and CBS.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection is divided into three series based on the type of manuscript materials found in the collection. Many parts of this collection were found not to be in the original order as created by Patti. Where possible, original order was retained while remaining materials were organized by material type.","\nSeries I: Research, 1922-1993, Undated, contains research notes created by Patti. These notes can be found throughout the series in various forms, mostly handwritten directly on news clippings, photocopied monographs, magazines and in personal notebooks. This series also includes photographs, an audio tape, handwritten and typed index notecards, maps of Indochina and scrapbooks created by Patti.","\nSeries II: Photographs, 1919-1990, Undated, Materials in this series include original negatives and images, as well as those given to and collected or copied by Patti. Please refer to the included scrapbooks (Series I, box 10) for additional notations and images.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1948-1990, Undated, contains draft and final manuscript materials for the author's published and unpublished works. This series includes reviews of the author's published work by the Washington Post, New York Times, and CBS."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEquipment is not available for playing the 8 inch floppy disks in Series I.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Equipment is not available for playing the 8 inch floppy disks in Series I."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c343b6effee0bd568c36f0980a6f0f2a\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the research materials collected by Archimedes L. A. Patti for use in his historical writings. Known for his military career, his work in the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) and his relationship with Ho Chi Minh, Patti was recognized later in life as a respected researcher and historian on Indochina affairs. Notes, manuscripts, ephemera, photographs, maps, books and scrapbooks are held in this collection. Of important note are photographs given to Patti by Ho Chi Minh in 1945.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the research materials collected by Archimedes L. A. Patti for use in his historical writings. Known for his military career, his work in the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) and his relationship with Ho Chi Minh, Patti was recognized later in life as a respected researcher and historian on Indochina affairs. Notes, manuscripts, ephemera, photographs, maps, books and scrapbooks are held in this collection. Of important note are photographs given to Patti by Ho Chi Minh in 1945."],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Central Intelligence Agency","United States. Army","Patti, Archimedes L. A.","Hồ, Chí Minh, 1890-1969"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","United States. Central Intelligence Agency","United States. Army","Patti, Archimedes L. A.","Hồ, Chí Minh, 1890-1969"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","United States. Central Intelligence Agency","United States. Army"],"persname_ssim":["Patti, Archimedes L. A.","Hồ, Chí Minh, 1890-1969"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":691,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1874662718601953280,"_root_":"fa7267d0d7c856054ef95e7d","timestamp":"2026-08-27T08:01:26.645Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/fa7267d0d7c856054ef95e7d_aspace_18276"}},{"id":"110d41e3af7af4547b4832a8_aspace_a4969507f2e249787dcb022fc79456b7","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Seaboard Air Line Railroad Company, 1948-1983","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/110d41e3af7af4547b4832a8_aspace_a4969507f2e249787dcb022fc79456b7#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_a4969507f2e249787dcb022fc79456b7","ref_ssm":["aspace_a4969507f2e249787dcb022fc79456b7","aspace_a4969507f2e249787dcb022fc79456b7"],"id":"110d41e3af7af4547b4832a8_aspace_a4969507f2e249787dcb022fc79456b7","title_filing_ssi":"Seaboard Air Line Railroad Company\n","title_ssm":["Seaboard Air Line Railroad Company\n"],"title_tesim":["Seaboard Air Line Railroad Company\n"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1948-1983"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1948-1983"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Seaboard Air Line Railroad Company, 1948-1983"],"text":["Seaboard Air Line Railroad Company, 1948-1983","W.G. Roe and Sons Collection, 1930s-2020s","Railroads, 1948-1983","/repositories/3/archival_objects/44599","box 2"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["110d41e3af7af4547b4832a8","110d41e3af7af4547b4832a8_aspace_84ccf76c6c320caf619e2d097ef6bcfa"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["W.G. Roe and Sons Collection, 1930s-2020s","Railroads, 1948-1983"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["W.G. Roe and Sons Collection, 1930s-2020s","Railroads, 1948-1983"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/3/archival_objects/44599"],"repository_ssim":["Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives"],"collection_ssim":["W.G. Roe and Sons Collection, 1930s-2020s"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":3,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":14,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the archives' ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["This collection is owned by Florida Southern College and is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."],"date_range_isim":[1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983],"containers_ssim":["box 2"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#1","_nest_parent_":"110d41e3af7af4547b4832a8_aspace_84ccf76c6c320caf619e2d097ef6bcfa","_root_":"110d41e3af7af4547b4832a8","_version_":1870852044726730752,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T06:32:24.851Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"110d41e3af7af4547b4832a8","title_ssm":["W.G. Roe and Sons Collection"],"title_tesim":["W.G. Roe and Sons Collection"],"ead_ssi":"110d41e3af7af4547b4832a8","unitdate_ssm":["1930s-2020s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1930s-2020s"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["CIT7010","/repositories/3/resources/144"],"text":["CIT7010","/repositories/3/resources/144","W.G. Roe and Sons Collection, 1930s-2020s","Railroads-Florida-History","Fruit Trade-New York","Citrus fruit industry--Florida","Fruit Crate Labels","This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the archives' ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials.","Since 1910, the Roes have been in the business of providing customers with an exceptional citrus experience. From humble beginnings, four generations have built Noble into the business that it is today. William G. Roe, the founder of Noble, began a fresh fruit distributorship in upstate New York. Wanting to be closer to his network of suppliers, he moved his family to Florida and built a packing house next to the Seaboard Coastline Railroad (a common practice in those days). It was at this time his sons, Frederick and Willard, began planting citrus groves, focusing specifically on tangerines. In fact, the first tangerine trees planted were the Dancey. In 1927, the \"Noble®\" name was registered and thus began the packing of only the best tangerines. (Taken from WG Roe and Sons official LinkedIn Profile: Wm. G. Roe \u0026 Sons, Inc.: Overview | LinkedIn)","This collection contains business records from the WG Roe and Sons company.  These papers range from legal records to financial information, including transactions.  There are blueprints and building records from their packing houses.  This collection also contains fire protection information relating to inspections and sprinkler installation in the packing house.  It also references the Moundgrove Fruit Company, an old citrus company from earlier in the 90s.  In terms of more recent information, it contains collector's information for citrus labels and other collection items, as well as recent nominations and inductions into the Citrus Hall of Fame.","This collection is owned by Florida Southern College and is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).","Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["CIT7010","/repositories/3/resources/144"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1930s-2020s"],"normalized_title_ssm":["W.G. Roe and Sons Collection, 1930s-2020s"],"collection_title_tesim":["W.G. Roe and Sons Collection, 1930s-2020s"],"collection_ssim":["W.G. Roe and Sons Collection, 1930s-2020s"],"repository_ssm":["Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Railroads-Florida-History","Fruit Trade-New York"],"geogname_ssim":["Railroads-Florida-History","Fruit Trade-New York"],"places_ssim":["Railroads-Florida-History","Fruit Trade-New York"],"access_terms_ssm":["This collection is owned by Florida Southern College and is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was donated to the McKay Archives by Bill Roe in 2026."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Citrus fruit industry--Florida","Fruit Crate Labels"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Citrus fruit industry--Florida","Fruit Crate Labels"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.12 Linear Feet 3 Standard Legal Boxes, 1 Flat Box, and two Large Books"],"extent_tesim":["1.12 Linear Feet 3 Standard Legal Boxes, 1 Flat Box, and two Large Books"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the archives' ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the archives' ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSince 1910, the Roes have been in the business of providing customers with an exceptional citrus experience. From humble beginnings, four generations have built Noble into the business that it is today. William G. Roe, the founder of Noble, began a fresh fruit distributorship in upstate New York. Wanting to be closer to his network of suppliers, he moved his family to Florida and built a packing house next to the Seaboard Coastline Railroad (a common practice in those days). It was at this time his sons, Frederick and Willard, began planting citrus groves, focusing specifically on tangerines. In fact, the first tangerine trees planted were the Dancey. In 1927, the \"Noble\u0026#xAE;\" name was registered and thus began the packing of only the best tangerines. (Taken from WG Roe and Sons official LinkedIn Profile: Wm. G. Roe \u0026amp; Sons, Inc.: Overview | LinkedIn)\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Since 1910, the Roes have been in the business of providing customers with an exceptional citrus experience. From humble beginnings, four generations have built Noble into the business that it is today. William G. Roe, the founder of Noble, began a fresh fruit distributorship in upstate New York. Wanting to be closer to his network of suppliers, he moved his family to Florida and built a packing house next to the Seaboard Coastline Railroad (a common practice in those days). It was at this time his sons, Frederick and Willard, began planting citrus groves, focusing specifically on tangerines. In fact, the first tangerine trees planted were the Dancey. In 1927, the \"Noble®\" name was registered and thus began the packing of only the best tangerines. (Taken from WG Roe and Sons official LinkedIn Profile: Wm. G. Roe \u0026 Sons, Inc.: Overview | LinkedIn)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains business records from the WG Roe and Sons company.  These papers range from legal records to financial information, including transactions.  There are blueprints and building records from their packing houses.  This collection also contains fire protection information relating to inspections and sprinkler installation in the packing house.  It also references the Moundgrove Fruit Company, an old citrus company from earlier in the 90s.  In terms of more recent information, it contains collector's information for citrus labels and other collection items, as well as recent nominations and inductions into the Citrus Hall of Fame.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains business records from the WG Roe and Sons company.  These papers range from legal records to financial information, including transactions.  There are blueprints and building records from their packing houses.  This collection also contains fire protection information relating to inspections and sprinkler installation in the packing house.  It also references the Moundgrove Fruit Company, an old citrus company from earlier in the 90s.  In terms of more recent information, it contains collector's information for citrus labels and other collection items, as well as recent nominations and inductions into the Citrus Hall of Fame."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is owned by Florida Southern College and is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["This collection is owned by Florida Southern College and is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."],"names_ssim":["Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":59,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870852044726730752,"_root_":"110d41e3af7af4547b4832a8","timestamp":"2026-07-16T06:32:24.851Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/110d41e3af7af4547b4832a8_aspace_a4969507f2e249787dcb022fc79456b7"}},{"id":"c5c7a60ad1585ca3dbd593be_aspace_e2146bb11a325412e2ec1811e8033d8f","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Seasonal Changes in Florida…, 1940-12, 1945-04, 1949-10, 1959-08","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/c5c7a60ad1585ca3dbd593be_aspace_e2146bb11a325412e2ec1811e8033d8f#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_e2146bb11a325412e2ec1811e8033d8f","ref_ssm":["aspace_e2146bb11a325412e2ec1811e8033d8f","aspace_e2146bb11a325412e2ec1811e8033d8f"],"id":"c5c7a60ad1585ca3dbd593be_aspace_e2146bb11a325412e2ec1811e8033d8f","title_filing_ssi":"Seasonal Changes in Florida…","title_ssm":["Seasonal Changes in Florida…"],"title_tesim":["Seasonal Changes in Florida…"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1940-12","1945-04","1949-10","1959-08"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1940-12, 1945-04, 1949-10, 1959-08"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Seasonal Changes in Florida…, 1940-12, 1945-04, 1949-10, 1959-08"],"text":["Seasonal Changes in Florida…, 1940-12, 1945-04, 1949-10, 1959-08","Thomas Mack Archives, 1910-2003","Citrus Industry","Quality Control","/repositories/3/archival_objects/38518","box 3","folder 12"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["c5c7a60ad1585ca3dbd593be","c5c7a60ad1585ca3dbd593be_aspace_f067f60a2f728233c8bcf918dc94cc41","c5c7a60ad1585ca3dbd593be_aspace_004722c15116735a5b05969244b21288"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Thomas Mack Archives, 1910-2003","Citrus Industry","Quality Control"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Thomas Mack Archives, 1910-2003","Citrus Industry","Quality Control"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/3/archival_objects/38518"],"repository_ssim":["Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Thomas Mack Archives, 1910-2003"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":41,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the archives' ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials"],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["This collection is owned by Florida Southern College and is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."],"date_range_isim":[1940,1945,1949,1959],"containers_ssim":["box 3","folder 12"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#5/components#2","_nest_parent_":"c5c7a60ad1585ca3dbd593be_aspace_004722c15116735a5b05969244b21288","_root_":"c5c7a60ad1585ca3dbd593be","_version_":1877193769379430400,"timestamp":"2026-09-24T06:31:24.773Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"c5c7a60ad1585ca3dbd593be","title_ssm":["Thomas Mack Archives"],"title_tesim":["Thomas Mack Archives"],"ead_ssi":"c5c7a60ad1585ca3dbd593be","unitdate_ssm":["1910-2003"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1910-2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["CIT1000","/repositories/3/resources/137"],"text":["CIT1000","/repositories/3/resources/137","Thomas Mack Archives, 1910-2003","Citrus fruit industry--Florida--History.","Nurseries (Horticulture)--Florida--History.","Citrus fruits--Diseases and pests--Control","Citrus--Fertilizers--Florida","Citrus fruits--Processing--Florida","Citrus fruits--Marketing--Florida","Citrus fruit industry--By-products","This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the archives' ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials","Thomas B. Mack never owned a grove or operated a packinghouse, but nevertheless was an integral member of Florida's Citrus community for over half a century. Born in Orangeburg, South Carolina, on October 27, 1914, Mack himself always said that he may have been destined to join the citrus world. His family moved to Florida seven years after his birth, initially landing in Wauchula before finally settling in Plant City. Mack's father was involved in agriculture, managing the Wauchula-based Kilgore Seed Company (later known as the Asgrow Florida Company) during the 1920s.","Mack graduated from Plant City High School in 1933 and entered the University of Florida in 1934 with the intention of becoming a doctor. At the urging of a professor, he abandoned his plan and instead declared himself an Ornamental Horticulture major. In 1937, Mack got married and was forced to drop out of school. He worked with a candy company in Plant City before joining the army at the outbreak of World War II. Mack served throughout the war and returned to the University of Florida in 1946, graduating in 1947 with a degree in Ornamental Horticulture with an emphasis in landscape architecture. Prior to graduation, Mack received offers from Florida Southern College to join in the formation of a new Citrus Department, but he considered the salary too low and declined the offer.","Mack gained employment with the Department of Education in what was dubbed a \"veteran's vocational agriculture\" program, designed to allow veterans to utilize their GI Bill of Rights. He was given control of the citrus aspect of the program despite only having a basic knowledge of the subject, leading to an arrangement with Dr. A.F. Camp of the University of Florida Research Center in Lake Alfred, where Dr. Camp would handle the bulk of the teaching while Mack supervised and handled the more rudimentary tasks. The program benefited Mack as much as the veterans, as he gained five years of experience in the field before the program ended in 1951. In this same year, Mack was once again approached by Florida Southern College, and this time he accepted.","Mack and his colleagues had their work cut out for them, as the college's idea of a vocational program, designed to train students for jobs in the field, rather than a research-based program, was not entirely accepted by those in the collegiate community. Nevertheless, Mack and his peers eventually developed a premier citrus program at the school. Florida Southern had the benefit of having a large amount of grove land on campus, which Mack and his colleagues used extensively. Mack and fellow faculty member Raymond Lyle used their connections as University of Florida graduates to set up opportunities for students to learn at the Research Center in Lake Alfred. In addition to regular full-time students, Mack and his colleagues set up a part-time program where students from within the industry could be sent to be educated in the field, often financially backed by their employers. Mack was most effective at gaining industry support for the citrus program as a whole, even reviving the idea of an advisory board composed of industry leaders, known as the Citrus Advisory Committee.","In 1958, the program gained publicity when it moved into the Polk Science Building, designed by renowned architect Frank Lloyd Wright. Mack was often called upon to act as a P.R. man to visitors and as a campus liaison with Wright himself. He was initially excited to hear of plans for the first Wright-designed greenhouse in the world, but was dismayed to find it essentially useless when it was built almost entirely out of concrete, according to the architect's calculations on light needed for plant growth. This forced Mack to adopt the role of fund raiser, and he eventually raised funds to build a functioning greenhouse, which he cheekily dubbed the \"Frank Lloyd Wright Greenhouse.\" Throughout the remainder of his career, Mack was an effective if sometimes eccentric fund raiser, raising money for an even larger greenhouse and eventually an entirely new citrus building, which he dedicated to one of the primary benefactors, naming it the Jack M. Berry Citrus Building. Mack raised funds for a mini-bus for the department at an alumni dinner in 1978, where he convinced those attending that the doors were locked and they would not be opened until money had been raised.","Mack became chair of the Department in 1971, re-naming it the Citrus Institute. He served in this capacity for ten years, retiring from full-time teaching in 1981. In his honor, a \"Roast Professor Mack Night\" was held, upon which he received a $12,000 retirement gift. He continued teaching on a part-time basis until 1999, earning the title of Professor Emeritus. Throughout his half-century of teaching, Mack had taught many of the current industry leaders.","His retirement in 1999 came about so he could spend more time organizing a citrus archives collection which he had been assembling since 1947, when he first entered the citrus field. Throughout the remainder of his life he collected citrus labels, magazines, text books, photographs, business records, and other forms of citrus memorabilia, eventually amassing the world's largest collection of citrus-related items. Over 60,000 photos and 1,000 labels are present, and many books date to the nineteenth century, including an 1881 copy of Orange Culture. Mack's intention was to create an open source of information for the industry. The Jack M. Berry Citrus building was built with room for the collection, but it eventually outgrew these facilities and had to be moved elsewhere on the Florida Southern campus. The collection currently is housed in the Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay Jr. Archives Center on the Florida Southern campus.","Mack also made a name for himself as a writer. He was dubbed \"Mr. Citrifacts\" for his production of a column called \"Citrifacts,\" which contained random citrus-related trivia. These were later compiled into the books Citrifacts I and Citrifacts II, whose sale benefited Florida Southern College. He also wrote a column called Polk Garden Clinic, where he answered plant-related questions every Saturday for twelve years. He was also a prominent landscaper and community member, once having a day dedicated to him by the city of Lakeland. He was chosen for the honor of building a garden to represent it in the sister-city project with the Japanese city Imabari.","Mack was inducted to the Florida Citrus Hall of Fame in 1997. In 2004, the citrus world said goodbye to one of its most colorful members when Thomas B. Mack passed away due to cancer at the age of 90.\nBiographical Information found via Florida Citrus Hall of Fame website.","This collection contains information ranging from citrus pest biology to citrus products and byproducts.  It has business data on the industry, including individual groves' records, and photographical and historical accounts of citrus varieties and storage techniques.  It contains information on both pests and various pesticides, as well as soil health.  Other, non-citrus plants are included in this horticultural collection.  Lastly, this collection has a record of its own existence in Florida Southern's Archives.","This collection is owned by Florida Southern College and is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).","Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["CIT1000","/repositories/3/resources/137"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1910-2003"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Thomas Mack Archives, 1910-2003"],"collection_title_tesim":["Thomas Mack Archives, 1910-2003"],"collection_ssim":["Thomas Mack Archives, 1910-2003"],"repository_ssm":["Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["This collection is owned by Florida Southern College and is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was built by Professor Thomas Mack sometime prior to 2002."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Citrus fruit industry--Florida--History.","Nurseries (Horticulture)--Florida--History.","Citrus fruits--Diseases and pests--Control","Citrus--Fertilizers--Florida","Citrus fruits--Processing--Florida","Citrus fruits--Marketing--Florida","Citrus fruit industry--By-products"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Citrus fruit industry--Florida--History.","Nurseries (Horticulture)--Florida--History.","Citrus fruits--Diseases and pests--Control","Citrus--Fertilizers--Florida","Citrus fruits--Processing--Florida","Citrus fruits--Marketing--Florida","Citrus fruit industry--By-products"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.45 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["3.45 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the archives' ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the archives' ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThomas B. Mack never owned a grove or operated a packinghouse, but nevertheless was an integral member of Florida's Citrus community for over half a century. Born in Orangeburg, South Carolina, on October 27, 1914, Mack himself always said that he may have been destined to join the citrus world. His family moved to Florida seven years after his birth, initially landing in Wauchula before finally settling in Plant City. Mack's father was involved in agriculture, managing the Wauchula-based Kilgore Seed Company (later known as the Asgrow Florida Company) during the 1920s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMack graduated from Plant City High School in 1933 and entered the University of Florida in 1934 with the intention of becoming a doctor. At the urging of a professor, he abandoned his plan and instead declared himself an Ornamental Horticulture major. In 1937, Mack got married and was forced to drop out of school. He worked with a candy company in Plant City before joining the army at the outbreak of World War II. Mack served throughout the war and returned to the University of Florida in 1946, graduating in 1947 with a degree in Ornamental Horticulture with an emphasis in landscape architecture. Prior to graduation, Mack received offers from Florida Southern College to join in the formation of a new Citrus Department, but he considered the salary too low and declined the offer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMack gained employment with the Department of Education in what was dubbed a \"veteran's vocational agriculture\" program, designed to allow veterans to utilize their GI Bill of Rights. He was given control of the citrus aspect of the program despite only having a basic knowledge of the subject, leading to an arrangement with Dr. A.F. Camp of the University of Florida Research Center in Lake Alfred, where Dr. Camp would handle the bulk of the teaching while Mack supervised and handled the more rudimentary tasks. The program benefited Mack as much as the veterans, as he gained five years of experience in the field before the program ended in 1951. In this same year, Mack was once again approached by Florida Southern College, and this time he accepted.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMack and his colleagues had their work cut out for them, as the college's idea of a vocational program, designed to train students for jobs in the field, rather than a research-based program, was not entirely accepted by those in the collegiate community. Nevertheless, Mack and his peers eventually developed a premier citrus program at the school. Florida Southern had the benefit of having a large amount of grove land on campus, which Mack and his colleagues used extensively. Mack and fellow faculty member Raymond Lyle used their connections as University of Florida graduates to set up opportunities for students to learn at the Research Center in Lake Alfred. In addition to regular full-time students, Mack and his colleagues set up a part-time program where students from within the industry could be sent to be educated in the field, often financially backed by their employers. Mack was most effective at gaining industry support for the citrus program as a whole, even reviving the idea of an advisory board composed of industry leaders, known as the Citrus Advisory Committee.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1958, the program gained publicity when it moved into the Polk Science Building, designed by renowned architect Frank Lloyd Wright. Mack was often called upon to act as a P.R. man to visitors and as a campus liaison with Wright himself. He was initially excited to hear of plans for the first Wright-designed greenhouse in the world, but was dismayed to find it essentially useless when it was built almost entirely out of concrete, according to the architect's calculations on light needed for plant growth. This forced Mack to adopt the role of fund raiser, and he eventually raised funds to build a functioning greenhouse, which he cheekily dubbed the \"Frank Lloyd Wright Greenhouse.\" Throughout the remainder of his career, Mack was an effective if sometimes eccentric fund raiser, raising money for an even larger greenhouse and eventually an entirely new citrus building, which he dedicated to one of the primary benefactors, naming it the Jack M. Berry Citrus Building. Mack raised funds for a mini-bus for the department at an alumni dinner in 1978, where he convinced those attending that the doors were locked and they would not be opened until money had been raised.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMack became chair of the Department in 1971, re-naming it the Citrus Institute. He served in this capacity for ten years, retiring from full-time teaching in 1981. In his honor, a \"Roast Professor Mack Night\" was held, upon which he received a $12,000 retirement gift. He continued teaching on a part-time basis until 1999, earning the title of Professor Emeritus. Throughout his half-century of teaching, Mack had taught many of the current industry leaders.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHis retirement in 1999 came about so he could spend more time organizing a citrus archives collection which he had been assembling since 1947, when he first entered the citrus field. Throughout the remainder of his life he collected citrus labels, magazines, text books, photographs, business records, and other forms of citrus memorabilia, eventually amassing the world's largest collection of citrus-related items. Over 60,000 photos and 1,000 labels are present, and many books date to the nineteenth century, including an 1881 copy of Orange Culture. Mack's intention was to create an open source of information for the industry. The Jack M. Berry Citrus building was built with room for the collection, but it eventually outgrew these facilities and had to be moved elsewhere on the Florida Southern campus. The collection currently is housed in the Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay Jr. Archives Center on the Florida Southern campus.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMack also made a name for himself as a writer. He was dubbed \"Mr. Citrifacts\" for his production of a column called \"Citrifacts,\" which contained random citrus-related trivia. These were later compiled into the books Citrifacts I and Citrifacts II, whose sale benefited Florida Southern College. He also wrote a column called Polk Garden Clinic, where he answered plant-related questions every Saturday for twelve years. He was also a prominent landscaper and community member, once having a day dedicated to him by the city of Lakeland. He was chosen for the honor of building a garden to represent it in the sister-city project with the Japanese city Imabari.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMack was inducted to the Florida Citrus Hall of Fame in 1997. In 2004, the citrus world said goodbye to one of its most colorful members when Thomas B. Mack passed away due to cancer at the age of 90.\nBiographical Information found via Florida Citrus Hall of Fame website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Thomas B. Mack never owned a grove or operated a packinghouse, but nevertheless was an integral member of Florida's Citrus community for over half a century. Born in Orangeburg, South Carolina, on October 27, 1914, Mack himself always said that he may have been destined to join the citrus world. His family moved to Florida seven years after his birth, initially landing in Wauchula before finally settling in Plant City. Mack's father was involved in agriculture, managing the Wauchula-based Kilgore Seed Company (later known as the Asgrow Florida Company) during the 1920s.","Mack graduated from Plant City High School in 1933 and entered the University of Florida in 1934 with the intention of becoming a doctor. At the urging of a professor, he abandoned his plan and instead declared himself an Ornamental Horticulture major. In 1937, Mack got married and was forced to drop out of school. He worked with a candy company in Plant City before joining the army at the outbreak of World War II. Mack served throughout the war and returned to the University of Florida in 1946, graduating in 1947 with a degree in Ornamental Horticulture with an emphasis in landscape architecture. Prior to graduation, Mack received offers from Florida Southern College to join in the formation of a new Citrus Department, but he considered the salary too low and declined the offer.","Mack gained employment with the Department of Education in what was dubbed a \"veteran's vocational agriculture\" program, designed to allow veterans to utilize their GI Bill of Rights. He was given control of the citrus aspect of the program despite only having a basic knowledge of the subject, leading to an arrangement with Dr. A.F. Camp of the University of Florida Research Center in Lake Alfred, where Dr. Camp would handle the bulk of the teaching while Mack supervised and handled the more rudimentary tasks. The program benefited Mack as much as the veterans, as he gained five years of experience in the field before the program ended in 1951. In this same year, Mack was once again approached by Florida Southern College, and this time he accepted.","Mack and his colleagues had their work cut out for them, as the college's idea of a vocational program, designed to train students for jobs in the field, rather than a research-based program, was not entirely accepted by those in the collegiate community. Nevertheless, Mack and his peers eventually developed a premier citrus program at the school. Florida Southern had the benefit of having a large amount of grove land on campus, which Mack and his colleagues used extensively. Mack and fellow faculty member Raymond Lyle used their connections as University of Florida graduates to set up opportunities for students to learn at the Research Center in Lake Alfred. In addition to regular full-time students, Mack and his colleagues set up a part-time program where students from within the industry could be sent to be educated in the field, often financially backed by their employers. Mack was most effective at gaining industry support for the citrus program as a whole, even reviving the idea of an advisory board composed of industry leaders, known as the Citrus Advisory Committee.","In 1958, the program gained publicity when it moved into the Polk Science Building, designed by renowned architect Frank Lloyd Wright. Mack was often called upon to act as a P.R. man to visitors and as a campus liaison with Wright himself. He was initially excited to hear of plans for the first Wright-designed greenhouse in the world, but was dismayed to find it essentially useless when it was built almost entirely out of concrete, according to the architect's calculations on light needed for plant growth. This forced Mack to adopt the role of fund raiser, and he eventually raised funds to build a functioning greenhouse, which he cheekily dubbed the \"Frank Lloyd Wright Greenhouse.\" Throughout the remainder of his career, Mack was an effective if sometimes eccentric fund raiser, raising money for an even larger greenhouse and eventually an entirely new citrus building, which he dedicated to one of the primary benefactors, naming it the Jack M. Berry Citrus Building. Mack raised funds for a mini-bus for the department at an alumni dinner in 1978, where he convinced those attending that the doors were locked and they would not be opened until money had been raised.","Mack became chair of the Department in 1971, re-naming it the Citrus Institute. He served in this capacity for ten years, retiring from full-time teaching in 1981. In his honor, a \"Roast Professor Mack Night\" was held, upon which he received a $12,000 retirement gift. He continued teaching on a part-time basis until 1999, earning the title of Professor Emeritus. Throughout his half-century of teaching, Mack had taught many of the current industry leaders.","His retirement in 1999 came about so he could spend more time organizing a citrus archives collection which he had been assembling since 1947, when he first entered the citrus field. Throughout the remainder of his life he collected citrus labels, magazines, text books, photographs, business records, and other forms of citrus memorabilia, eventually amassing the world's largest collection of citrus-related items. Over 60,000 photos and 1,000 labels are present, and many books date to the nineteenth century, including an 1881 copy of Orange Culture. Mack's intention was to create an open source of information for the industry. The Jack M. Berry Citrus building was built with room for the collection, but it eventually outgrew these facilities and had to be moved elsewhere on the Florida Southern campus. The collection currently is housed in the Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay Jr. Archives Center on the Florida Southern campus.","Mack also made a name for himself as a writer. He was dubbed \"Mr. Citrifacts\" for his production of a column called \"Citrifacts,\" which contained random citrus-related trivia. These were later compiled into the books Citrifacts I and Citrifacts II, whose sale benefited Florida Southern College. He also wrote a column called Polk Garden Clinic, where he answered plant-related questions every Saturday for twelve years. He was also a prominent landscaper and community member, once having a day dedicated to him by the city of Lakeland. He was chosen for the honor of building a garden to represent it in the sister-city project with the Japanese city Imabari.","Mack was inducted to the Florida Citrus Hall of Fame in 1997. In 2004, the citrus world said goodbye to one of its most colorful members when Thomas B. Mack passed away due to cancer at the age of 90.\nBiographical Information found via Florida Citrus Hall of Fame website."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains information ranging from citrus pest biology to citrus products and byproducts.  It has business data on the industry, including individual groves' records, and photographical and historical accounts of citrus varieties and storage techniques.  It contains information on both pests and various pesticides, as well as soil health.  Other, non-citrus plants are included in this horticultural collection.  Lastly, this collection has a record of its own existence in Florida Southern's Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains information ranging from citrus pest biology to citrus products and byproducts.  It has business data on the industry, including individual groves' records, and photographical and historical accounts of citrus varieties and storage techniques.  It contains information on both pests and various pesticides, as well as soil health.  Other, non-citrus plants are included in this horticultural collection.  Lastly, this collection has a record of its own existence in Florida Southern's Archives."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is owned by Florida Southern College and is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["This collection is owned by Florida Southern College and is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."],"names_ssim":["Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":194,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1877193769379430400,"_root_":"c5c7a60ad1585ca3dbd593be","timestamp":"2026-09-24T06:31:24.773Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/c5c7a60ad1585ca3dbd593be_aspace_e2146bb11a325412e2ec1811e8033d8f"}},{"id":"d3616fdf15e8d4c7a8a83827_aspace_bc416da7df4329d8c97ecfe59f4f5cf6","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Seasonal Changes in Florida Tangerines, 1949-10","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/d3616fdf15e8d4c7a8a83827_aspace_bc416da7df4329d8c97ecfe59f4f5cf6#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_bc416da7df4329d8c97ecfe59f4f5cf6","ref_ssm":["aspace_bc416da7df4329d8c97ecfe59f4f5cf6","aspace_bc416da7df4329d8c97ecfe59f4f5cf6"],"id":"d3616fdf15e8d4c7a8a83827_aspace_bc416da7df4329d8c97ecfe59f4f5cf6","title_filing_ssi":"Seasonal Changes in Florida Tangerines","title_ssm":["Seasonal Changes in Florida Tangerines"],"title_tesim":["Seasonal Changes in Florida Tangerines"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1949-10"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1949-10"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Seasonal Changes in Florida Tangerines, 1949-10"],"text":["Seasonal Changes in Florida Tangerines, 1949-10","Jim Ellis Collection, 1885-1999","Grower Information","/repositories/3/archival_objects/34323","box 9"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["d3616fdf15e8d4c7a8a83827","d3616fdf15e8d4c7a8a83827_aspace_179e5f100310dbc132288b18fe52640c"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Jim Ellis Collection, 1885-1999","Grower Information"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Jim Ellis Collection, 1885-1999","Grower Information"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/3/archival_objects/34323"],"repository_ssim":["Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Jim Ellis Collection, 1885-1999"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":114,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the archives' ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["This collection is owned by Florida Southern College and is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."],"date_range_isim":[1949],"containers_ssim":["box 9"],"_nest_path_":"/components#8/components#6","_nest_parent_":"d3616fdf15e8d4c7a8a83827_aspace_179e5f100310dbc132288b18fe52640c","_root_":"d3616fdf15e8d4c7a8a83827","_version_":1870852005533057024,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T06:31:47.472Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"d3616fdf15e8d4c7a8a83827","title_ssm":["Jim Ellis Collection"],"title_tesim":["Jim Ellis Collection"],"ead_ssi":"d3616fdf15e8d4c7a8a83827","unitdate_ssm":["1885-1999"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1885-1999"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["CIT4030","/repositories/3/resources/135"],"text":["CIT4030","/repositories/3/resources/135","Jim Ellis Collection, 1885-1999","Citrus fruit industry--Florida--History.","Fruit Crate Labels","Fruit--Labels--Florida","Antiques--Florida--Collectors and collecting","Citrus fruit industry--Florida--Polk County","Florida Citrus Mutual","Citrus fruits--Diseases and pests--Florida","Agricultural policy--United States","Citrus fruits--Packing--Florida","This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the archives' ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials.","James Howard Ellis was born on April 2, 1935 to Percy and Fannie Ellis in their wooden frame home in the middle of an Alturas orange grove, by our current Florida Commissioner of Agriculture, Adam Putnam's great-grandfather, Dr. Hughes.  His father had a small grove, but also worked at Lake Garfield Citrus Cooperative as a night watchman and repaired their wooden field crates before moving up the ladder to become the General Manager.  Jim grew up with his younger brother Charles, working in his family's groves hoeing, feeding livestock, pruning trees – whatever needed to be done – a trait he would carry with him throughout his life.","He attended a wooden three-room schoolhouse in Alturas through six grades, moving on to Bartow High School for two years before going to the Summerlin Institute – where he graduated in 1953. He was a Sentinel in the FFA, as well as a member of the Parliamentarian and Judging Teams, and participated in the first Polk County Youth Fair, where he placed with a dairy animal. After graduation, he attended a National Guard summer camp, which prompted him to join the army in September of that year. He served in the United States Army with the 7th Infantry Division from 1953-56 in Korea, replacing those who were on the front lines and preparing their remains for shipment back to the United States.","He finished his tour of duty and returned home in 1956, where he met and married his wife of almost 60 years, Shirley, who he met through her father, a Baptist preacher in Alturas.  He worked for a year with the Plant Board on the burrowing nematode project, digging up roots and putting them in a jar for testing.  His crew leader was a graduate of Florida Southern College and it didn't take Jim long to realize that an education meant better wages, so he signed up for Florida Southern College on the GI Bill majoring in citrus. While there, he was president of the Citrus Club and received the Florida Citrus Mutual Award for Outstanding Achievement in the field of citrus studies, graduating in 1960 with a degree in citrus.  While attending school, Jim worked part-time in groves for whoever would hire him, earning a reputation as a personable hard worker who knew his way around a grove.","Shortly before Jim's graduation, Bob Rutledge, the general manager of Florida Citrus Mutual, was driving through town, saw Jim, and yelled out the car window for Jim to stop by and see him.  Jim did, and Rutledge hired him on the spot as the Florida Citrus Mutual field man for Polk County under Dale Carlton. He worked there for five years during the early stages of FCM– hosting steak dinners and signing up growers as members of the organization.","In 1965, his father and Uncle Joe needed him as a shipping clerk for Lake Garfield Citrus Cooperative and, after a brief stint selling chemicals to growers, he moved up the ladder to General Manager, making him the third Ellis man to work in that position for Lake Garfield Citrus Cooperative.","As general manager, Jim learned to \"think outside the box,\" always experimenting with ways to do things better but – more importantly – sharing his successes with other industry members.  In 1979, he gave a presentation to the Florida State Horticultural Society which was printed in the February 1980 issue of Citrus Industry Magazine titled \"Innovations for Citrus Packinghouses.\"  The article showcased a number of unique ideas including: mechanical gathering of leaves and other trash in pallet boxes that are dumped with a homemade forklift attachment; controlled recycling of hot air to reduce dryer fuel costs; a \"magnetic broom\" on forklift trucks in the receiving yard to gather nails and junk metal that otherwise ruin tires; and electric photocells that detected a fruit pile-up in the cannery bins and shut off the necessary equipment. He introduced the first electronic sorter to the state of Florida and experimented with cutting and scoring grapefruit, applying a sweetener and shrink wrapping them to market as a breakfast item. In addition, he was among the early experimenters using different forms of automated fruit harvesting equipment such as cherry pickers to shake seedling trees and abscission chemicals, which were only good when conditions were ideal.","When the freezes shut down the packinghouse in the late '80s, Jim went to work at Orange-Co as the production manager for Polk County, going back to chemical sales when they shut down.  However, his broad knowledge of the growers and the industry made him an ideal candidate for running the Citrus License \u0026 Bonds, Division of Fruits \u0026 Vegetables, for the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services.  His attention to detail and love for the industry helped him watch out for the growers' interest in numerous fruit-buying situations.","Jim has served on numerous boards, including stints as president for the Polk County Farm Bureau, Florida Citrus Showcase and the Interior Seald-Sweet Shippers, Inc. He was a member of the Citrus Research and Education Foundation, the Polk County Extension Overall Advisory Council, the Florida Farm Bureau and a 25-year member of the Kiwanis Club.","His main love, however, is history and talking about history.  Jim always has a story to tell if you have the time to listen, and – if you don't – you should make time, because he's a great storyteller!!!  His recollections of the early days of the industry are an invaluable asset to the Florida Citrus Hall of Fame's Oral History Project, and he is constantly finding old artifacts to add to the archival collections – along with the information on how they were utilized. He continues to run the \"No Names\" Club, which is strictly for \"old-timers,\" and sets up the meetings and programs each month.","However, Jim is probably best known for not only his passion for the citrus industry and its history, but his citrus crate label collection.  He has one of the largest collections of Florida citrus crate labels in the world, which is the nucleus for the Florida Citrus Label Digital Collection at Florida Southern College.  He and fellow label collector, Jerry Chicone, brought label-collecting to the forefront in the early '60s and '70s, when people were throwing out and burning old labels to make room in the packinghouses for the cardboard fruit boxes which had taken the place of the wooden shipping crates.  His collection, along with that of Chicone's, has been used in three books on citrus labels, and has even been featured in the décor of a restaurant recently opened in Sarasota!","However, the newest development based on Jim's collection is the Polk County Citrus Label Driving Tour, which is a collaboration between the Florida Citrus Hall of Fame, Visit Central Florida and The Polk County History and Heritage Trail to stimulate interest in the history and citrus legacy of all the communities throughout Polk County. This flagship program currently includes almost 20 installations with enlarged reproductions of the vintage labels located on various buildings and sites throughout the county. The accompanying map provides background information on each label displayed, presenting the connection between that community and the citrus industry and the long-term goal is to eventually take the concept statewide and help showcase the importance of the citrus industry to the state of Florida.","He has been an avid speaker about both citrus labels and the industry in general, helping educate everyone from school children to senior citizens on the Florida citrus industry.  He was also a key component in creating the partnership in 2008 between the Florida Citrus Hall of Fame and his beloved alma mater, Florida Southern College.  He attended the initial meetings between Dr. Anne Kerr, Rob Tate and the Hall of Fame, helping to smooth the way for the move to FSC and raise the necessary funding.  Funding that not only led to a physical presence on campus, but a website and fellowship endowments that have led to an engaged learning program with FSC students focused on preserving the heritage of the Florida citrus industry.  Current digital collections include over 1,500 Florida citrus labels, 350 industry postcards and 500 photographs, as well as oral history interviews and Hall of Fame member biographies.","Jim has led a distinguished career for decades in the Florida citrus industry as a grower, packer, industry representative and historian. His love of the industry and his willingness to share his knowledge has made him an invaluable resource to whoever asks him for help or information.  Dr. Calvin Arnold summed it up nicely: \"Jim really gives to the industry from his heart, with no expectation of personal gain – his passion IS the citrus industry.\"\nBiographical Information found via Florida Citrus Hall of Fame website.","This collection contains various artifacts relating to citrus history.  The bulk of the collection is made of citrus labeling, ranging from collected crate labels to can labels, correspondence on label collecting, and even a crate label stamp.  It also contains information on inspections on citrus and vegetable groves, including inspector manuals and records.  Finiancial and business records are also contained in this collection.","This collection is owned by Florida Southern College and is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).","Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["CIT4030","/repositories/3/resources/135"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1885-1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jim Ellis Collection, 1885-1999"],"collection_title_tesim":["Jim Ellis Collection, 1885-1999"],"collection_ssim":["Jim Ellis Collection, 1885-1999"],"repository_ssm":["Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["This collection is owned by Florida Southern College and is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was donated by Jim Ellis 2014-current."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Citrus fruit industry--Florida--History.","Fruit Crate Labels","Fruit--Labels--Florida","Antiques--Florida--Collectors and collecting","Citrus fruit industry--Florida--Polk County","Florida Citrus Mutual","Citrus fruits--Diseases and pests--Florida","Agricultural policy--United States","Citrus fruits--Packing--Florida"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Citrus fruit industry--Florida--History.","Fruit Crate Labels","Fruit--Labels--Florida","Antiques--Florida--Collectors and collecting","Citrus fruit industry--Florida--Polk County","Florida Citrus Mutual","Citrus fruits--Diseases and pests--Florida","Agricultural policy--United States","Citrus fruits--Packing--Florida"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.37 Linear Feet 3 Legal Standard Archival Document Containers and 10 banker storage boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4.37 Linear Feet 3 Legal Standard Archival Document Containers and 10 banker storage boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the archives' ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the archives' ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Howard Ellis was born on April 2, 1935 to Percy and Fannie Ellis in their wooden frame home in the middle of an Alturas orange grove, by our current Florida Commissioner of Agriculture, Adam Putnam's great-grandfather, Dr. Hughes.  His father had a small grove, but also worked at Lake Garfield Citrus Cooperative as a night watchman and repaired their wooden field crates before moving up the ladder to become the General Manager.  Jim grew up with his younger brother Charles, working in his family's groves hoeing, feeding livestock, pruning trees \u0026#x2013; whatever needed to be done \u0026#x2013; a trait he would carry with him throughout his life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe attended a wooden three-room schoolhouse in Alturas through six grades, moving on to Bartow High School for two years before going to the Summerlin Institute \u0026#x2013; where he graduated in 1953. He was a Sentinel in the FFA, as well as a member of the Parliamentarian and Judging Teams, and participated in the first Polk County Youth Fair, where he placed with a dairy animal. After graduation, he attended a National Guard summer camp, which prompted him to join the army in September of that year. He served in the United States Army with the 7th Infantry Division from 1953-56 in Korea, replacing those who were on the front lines and preparing their remains for shipment back to the United States.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe finished his tour of duty and returned home in 1956, where he met and married his wife of almost 60 years, Shirley, who he met through her father, a Baptist preacher in Alturas.  He worked for a year with the Plant Board on the burrowing nematode project, digging up roots and putting them in a jar for testing.  His crew leader was a graduate of Florida Southern College and it didn't take Jim long to realize that an education meant better wages, so he signed up for Florida Southern College on the GI Bill majoring in citrus. While there, he was president of the Citrus Club and received the Florida Citrus Mutual Award for Outstanding Achievement in the field of citrus studies, graduating in 1960 with a degree in citrus.  While attending school, Jim worked part-time in groves for whoever would hire him, earning a reputation as a personable hard worker who knew his way around a grove.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShortly before Jim's graduation, Bob Rutledge, the general manager of Florida Citrus Mutual, was driving through town, saw Jim, and yelled out the car window for Jim to stop by and see him.  Jim did, and Rutledge hired him on the spot as the Florida Citrus Mutual field man for Polk County under Dale Carlton. He worked there for five years during the early stages of FCM\u0026#x2013; hosting steak dinners and signing up growers as members of the organization.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1965, his father and Uncle Joe needed him as a shipping clerk for Lake Garfield Citrus Cooperative and, after a brief stint selling chemicals to growers, he moved up the ladder to General Manager, making him the third Ellis man to work in that position for Lake Garfield Citrus Cooperative.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs general manager, Jim learned to \"think outside the box,\" always experimenting with ways to do things better but \u0026#x2013; more importantly \u0026#x2013; sharing his successes with other industry members.  In 1979, he gave a presentation to the Florida State Horticultural Society which was printed in the February 1980 issue of Citrus Industry Magazine titled \"Innovations for Citrus Packinghouses.\"  The article showcased a number of unique ideas including: mechanical gathering of leaves and other trash in pallet boxes that are dumped with a homemade forklift attachment; controlled recycling of hot air to reduce dryer fuel costs; a \"magnetic broom\" on forklift trucks in the receiving yard to gather nails and junk metal that otherwise ruin tires; and electric photocells that detected a fruit pile-up in the cannery bins and shut off the necessary equipment. He introduced the first electronic sorter to the state of Florida and experimented with cutting and scoring grapefruit, applying a sweetener and shrink wrapping them to market as a breakfast item. In addition, he was among the early experimenters using different forms of automated fruit harvesting equipment such as cherry pickers to shake seedling trees and abscission chemicals, which were only good when conditions were ideal.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhen the freezes shut down the packinghouse in the late '80s, Jim went to work at Orange-Co as the production manager for Polk County, going back to chemical sales when they shut down.  However, his broad knowledge of the growers and the industry made him an ideal candidate for running the Citrus License \u0026amp; Bonds, Division of Fruits \u0026amp; Vegetables, for the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services.  His attention to detail and love for the industry helped him watch out for the growers' interest in numerous fruit-buying situations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJim has served on numerous boards, including stints as president for the Polk County Farm Bureau, Florida Citrus Showcase and the Interior Seald-Sweet Shippers, Inc. He was a member of the Citrus Research and Education Foundation, the Polk County Extension Overall Advisory Council, the Florida Farm Bureau and a 25-year member of the Kiwanis Club.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHis main love, however, is history and talking about history.  Jim always has a story to tell if you have the time to listen, and \u0026#x2013; if you don't \u0026#x2013; you should make time, because he's a great storyteller!!!  His recollections of the early days of the industry are an invaluable asset to the Florida Citrus Hall of Fame's Oral History Project, and he is constantly finding old artifacts to add to the archival collections \u0026#x2013; along with the information on how they were utilized. He continues to run the \"No Names\" Club, which is strictly for \"old-timers,\" and sets up the meetings and programs each month.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHowever, Jim is probably best known for not only his passion for the citrus industry and its history, but his citrus crate label collection.  He has one of the largest collections of Florida citrus crate labels in the world, which is the nucleus for the Florida Citrus Label Digital Collection at Florida Southern College.  He and fellow label collector, Jerry Chicone, brought label-collecting to the forefront in the early '60s and '70s, when people were throwing out and burning old labels to make room in the packinghouses for the cardboard fruit boxes which had taken the place of the wooden shipping crates.  His collection, along with that of Chicone's, has been used in three books on citrus labels, and has even been featured in the d\u0026#xE9;cor of a restaurant recently opened in Sarasota!\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHowever, the newest development based on Jim's collection is the Polk County Citrus Label Driving Tour, which is a collaboration between the Florida Citrus Hall of Fame, Visit Central Florida and The Polk County History and Heritage Trail to stimulate interest in the history and citrus legacy of all the communities throughout Polk County. This flagship program currently includes almost 20 installations with enlarged reproductions of the vintage labels located on various buildings and sites throughout the county. The accompanying map provides background information on each label displayed, presenting the connection between that community and the citrus industry and the long-term goal is to eventually take the concept statewide and help showcase the importance of the citrus industry to the state of Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe has been an avid speaker about both citrus labels and the industry in general, helping educate everyone from school children to senior citizens on the Florida citrus industry.  He was also a key component in creating the partnership in 2008 between the Florida Citrus Hall of Fame and his beloved alma mater, Florida Southern College.  He attended the initial meetings between Dr. Anne Kerr, Rob Tate and the Hall of Fame, helping to smooth the way for the move to FSC and raise the necessary funding.  Funding that not only led to a physical presence on campus, but a website and fellowship endowments that have led to an engaged learning program with FSC students focused on preserving the heritage of the Florida citrus industry.  Current digital collections include over 1,500 Florida citrus labels, 350 industry postcards and 500 photographs, as well as oral history interviews and Hall of Fame member biographies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJim has led a distinguished career for decades in the Florida citrus industry as a grower, packer, industry representative and historian. His love of the industry and his willingness to share his knowledge has made him an invaluable resource to whoever asks him for help or information.  Dr. Calvin Arnold summed it up nicely: \"Jim really gives to the industry from his heart, with no expectation of personal gain \u0026#x2013; his passion IS the citrus industry.\"\nBiographical Information found via Florida Citrus Hall of Fame website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Howard Ellis was born on April 2, 1935 to Percy and Fannie Ellis in their wooden frame home in the middle of an Alturas orange grove, by our current Florida Commissioner of Agriculture, Adam Putnam's great-grandfather, Dr. Hughes.  His father had a small grove, but also worked at Lake Garfield Citrus Cooperative as a night watchman and repaired their wooden field crates before moving up the ladder to become the General Manager.  Jim grew up with his younger brother Charles, working in his family's groves hoeing, feeding livestock, pruning trees – whatever needed to be done – a trait he would carry with him throughout his life.","He attended a wooden three-room schoolhouse in Alturas through six grades, moving on to Bartow High School for two years before going to the Summerlin Institute – where he graduated in 1953. He was a Sentinel in the FFA, as well as a member of the Parliamentarian and Judging Teams, and participated in the first Polk County Youth Fair, where he placed with a dairy animal. After graduation, he attended a National Guard summer camp, which prompted him to join the army in September of that year. He served in the United States Army with the 7th Infantry Division from 1953-56 in Korea, replacing those who were on the front lines and preparing their remains for shipment back to the United States.","He finished his tour of duty and returned home in 1956, where he met and married his wife of almost 60 years, Shirley, who he met through her father, a Baptist preacher in Alturas.  He worked for a year with the Plant Board on the burrowing nematode project, digging up roots and putting them in a jar for testing.  His crew leader was a graduate of Florida Southern College and it didn't take Jim long to realize that an education meant better wages, so he signed up for Florida Southern College on the GI Bill majoring in citrus. While there, he was president of the Citrus Club and received the Florida Citrus Mutual Award for Outstanding Achievement in the field of citrus studies, graduating in 1960 with a degree in citrus.  While attending school, Jim worked part-time in groves for whoever would hire him, earning a reputation as a personable hard worker who knew his way around a grove.","Shortly before Jim's graduation, Bob Rutledge, the general manager of Florida Citrus Mutual, was driving through town, saw Jim, and yelled out the car window for Jim to stop by and see him.  Jim did, and Rutledge hired him on the spot as the Florida Citrus Mutual field man for Polk County under Dale Carlton. He worked there for five years during the early stages of FCM– hosting steak dinners and signing up growers as members of the organization.","In 1965, his father and Uncle Joe needed him as a shipping clerk for Lake Garfield Citrus Cooperative and, after a brief stint selling chemicals to growers, he moved up the ladder to General Manager, making him the third Ellis man to work in that position for Lake Garfield Citrus Cooperative.","As general manager, Jim learned to \"think outside the box,\" always experimenting with ways to do things better but – more importantly – sharing his successes with other industry members.  In 1979, he gave a presentation to the Florida State Horticultural Society which was printed in the February 1980 issue of Citrus Industry Magazine titled \"Innovations for Citrus Packinghouses.\"  The article showcased a number of unique ideas including: mechanical gathering of leaves and other trash in pallet boxes that are dumped with a homemade forklift attachment; controlled recycling of hot air to reduce dryer fuel costs; a \"magnetic broom\" on forklift trucks in the receiving yard to gather nails and junk metal that otherwise ruin tires; and electric photocells that detected a fruit pile-up in the cannery bins and shut off the necessary equipment. He introduced the first electronic sorter to the state of Florida and experimented with cutting and scoring grapefruit, applying a sweetener and shrink wrapping them to market as a breakfast item. In addition, he was among the early experimenters using different forms of automated fruit harvesting equipment such as cherry pickers to shake seedling trees and abscission chemicals, which were only good when conditions were ideal.","When the freezes shut down the packinghouse in the late '80s, Jim went to work at Orange-Co as the production manager for Polk County, going back to chemical sales when they shut down.  However, his broad knowledge of the growers and the industry made him an ideal candidate for running the Citrus License \u0026 Bonds, Division of Fruits \u0026 Vegetables, for the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services.  His attention to detail and love for the industry helped him watch out for the growers' interest in numerous fruit-buying situations.","Jim has served on numerous boards, including stints as president for the Polk County Farm Bureau, Florida Citrus Showcase and the Interior Seald-Sweet Shippers, Inc. He was a member of the Citrus Research and Education Foundation, the Polk County Extension Overall Advisory Council, the Florida Farm Bureau and a 25-year member of the Kiwanis Club.","His main love, however, is history and talking about history.  Jim always has a story to tell if you have the time to listen, and – if you don't – you should make time, because he's a great storyteller!!!  His recollections of the early days of the industry are an invaluable asset to the Florida Citrus Hall of Fame's Oral History Project, and he is constantly finding old artifacts to add to the archival collections – along with the information on how they were utilized. He continues to run the \"No Names\" Club, which is strictly for \"old-timers,\" and sets up the meetings and programs each month.","However, Jim is probably best known for not only his passion for the citrus industry and its history, but his citrus crate label collection.  He has one of the largest collections of Florida citrus crate labels in the world, which is the nucleus for the Florida Citrus Label Digital Collection at Florida Southern College.  He and fellow label collector, Jerry Chicone, brought label-collecting to the forefront in the early '60s and '70s, when people were throwing out and burning old labels to make room in the packinghouses for the cardboard fruit boxes which had taken the place of the wooden shipping crates.  His collection, along with that of Chicone's, has been used in three books on citrus labels, and has even been featured in the décor of a restaurant recently opened in Sarasota!","However, the newest development based on Jim's collection is the Polk County Citrus Label Driving Tour, which is a collaboration between the Florida Citrus Hall of Fame, Visit Central Florida and The Polk County History and Heritage Trail to stimulate interest in the history and citrus legacy of all the communities throughout Polk County. This flagship program currently includes almost 20 installations with enlarged reproductions of the vintage labels located on various buildings and sites throughout the county. The accompanying map provides background information on each label displayed, presenting the connection between that community and the citrus industry and the long-term goal is to eventually take the concept statewide and help showcase the importance of the citrus industry to the state of Florida.","He has been an avid speaker about both citrus labels and the industry in general, helping educate everyone from school children to senior citizens on the Florida citrus industry.  He was also a key component in creating the partnership in 2008 between the Florida Citrus Hall of Fame and his beloved alma mater, Florida Southern College.  He attended the initial meetings between Dr. Anne Kerr, Rob Tate and the Hall of Fame, helping to smooth the way for the move to FSC and raise the necessary funding.  Funding that not only led to a physical presence on campus, but a website and fellowship endowments that have led to an engaged learning program with FSC students focused on preserving the heritage of the Florida citrus industry.  Current digital collections include over 1,500 Florida citrus labels, 350 industry postcards and 500 photographs, as well as oral history interviews and Hall of Fame member biographies.","Jim has led a distinguished career for decades in the Florida citrus industry as a grower, packer, industry representative and historian. His love of the industry and his willingness to share his knowledge has made him an invaluable resource to whoever asks him for help or information.  Dr. Calvin Arnold summed it up nicely: \"Jim really gives to the industry from his heart, with no expectation of personal gain – his passion IS the citrus industry.\"\nBiographical Information found via Florida Citrus Hall of Fame website."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains various artifacts relating to citrus history.  The bulk of the collection is made of citrus labeling, ranging from collected crate labels to can labels, correspondence on label collecting, and even a crate label stamp.  It also contains information on inspections on citrus and vegetable groves, including inspector manuals and records.  Finiancial and business records are also contained in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains various artifacts relating to citrus history.  The bulk of the collection is made of citrus labeling, ranging from collected crate labels to can labels, correspondence on label collecting, and even a crate label stamp.  It also contains information on inspections on citrus and vegetable groves, including inspector manuals and records.  Finiancial and business records are also contained in this collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is owned by Florida Southern College and is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["This collection is owned by Florida Southern College and is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."],"names_ssim":["Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":156,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870852005533057024,"_root_":"d3616fdf15e8d4c7a8a83827","timestamp":"2026-07-16T06:31:47.472Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/d3616fdf15e8d4c7a8a83827_aspace_bc416da7df4329d8c97ecfe59f4f5cf6"}},{"id":"8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f_aspace_58d075c7f04aeededdd5c937a9187619","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"\"Seccion de Asistencia Sanatorio,\" Minutes, 1932-1952","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f_aspace_58d075c7f04aeededdd5c937a9187619#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_58d075c7f04aeededdd5c937a9187619","ref_ssm":["aspace_58d075c7f04aeededdd5c937a9187619","aspace_58d075c7f04aeededdd5c937a9187619"],"id":"8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f_aspace_58d075c7f04aeededdd5c937a9187619","title_filing_ssi":"\"Seccion de Asistencia Sanatorio,\" Minutes","title_ssm":["\"Seccion de Asistencia Sanatorio,\" Minutes"],"title_tesim":["\"Seccion de Asistencia Sanatorio,\" Minutes"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1932-1952"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1932-1952"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"Seccion de Asistencia Sanatorio,\" Minutes, 1932-1952"],"text":["\"Seccion de Asistencia Sanatorio,\" Minutes, 1932-1952","Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987","Records","Hospital (Sanatorio): \"Seccion de Asistencia Sanatorio,\" Minutes","2","/repositories/2/archival_objects/181454"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f","8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f_aspace_84381","8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f_aspace_85859"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987","Records","Hospital (Sanatorio): \"Seccion de Asistencia Sanatorio,\" Minutes"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987","Records","Hospital (Sanatorio): \"Seccion de Asistencia Sanatorio,\" Minutes"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Box"],"unitid_ssm":["2","/repositories/2/archival_objects/181454"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":180,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/for more information."],"date_range_isim":[1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#48/components#1","_nest_parent_":"8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f_aspace_85859","_root_":"8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f","_version_":1875301659078295552,"timestamp":"2026-09-03T09:17:07.659Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f","title_ssm":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection"],"title_tesim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection"],"ead_ssi":"8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f","unitdate_ssm":["1902-2007","1902-1987","Date acquired: 00/00/1989"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1902-1987"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1902-2007"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 00/00/1989"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-1989-02","/repositories/2/resources/542"],"text":["MS-1989-02","/repositories/2/resources/542","Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987","Tampa (Fla.) -- History","Cigar industry -- Florida -- Tampa","Cuba -- Relations -- Florida -- Tampa","Clubs -- Florida -- Tampa","Tampa (Fla.) -- Social life and customs","Playbills -- Florida -- Tampa","The Centro Asturiano de Tampa Collection is arranged into series according to subject. These include organizational, financial, ephemera, artifacts, photographs, and media. Records are arranged chronologically within each series. Boxes 159-243 contain financial records.","When Spanish immigrants came to Tampa in the 1890s, they brought with them the idea of the mutual aid society, a voluntary association or club that pooled resources to provide members with a variety of social, cultural, and economic benefits.  The first such club established in Tampa was the Centro Español, founded in 1891. The Centro Asturiano began in 1902 when a group of members seceded from the Centro Español to create a club that included healthcare.  Named for the northwest Spanish region of Asturias from which many of the founding members had come, the new society was chartered as a branch of the Centro Asturiano de Habana, and was known for decades as the \"Tampa Delegation\" of the Cuban organization.","On January 22, 1909, the club dedicated a handsome red brick building, which cost $75,000.  When fire destroyed the building in 1912, club members voted to build an even larger and more impressive facility. This columned, neoclassical building, which the  Tampa Morning Tribune  called \"the most beautiful building in the South,\" opened in 1914 at a cost of $110,000. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974 and retains its stature as one of the most outstanding structures in Tampa's Ybor City historic district. The club's cantina provided a pleasant atmosphere for members to spend their leisure time, a place to talk, play dominos, and smoke a cigar.  The palatial ballroom was the scene of glittering social affairs, balls, tea dances, and other activities. A space was set aside for a library and gymnasium as well to promote the club's mission of education, good health and the general well-being of its members. The Centro's building served as a center of social and cultural life for its community and is still owned by the club to this day.","A central part of club life was the building's elaborate theatre.  In its heyday, the Centro theatre was the venue for plays, operas, musicals, and other performances featuring both local talent and well-known Cuban, Spanish, and Italian entertainers who made Ybor City part of their tours. During the depression years of the 1930s, the Spanish language unit of the WPA Federal Theatre presented performances in the Centro's theatre, which was also used for cigar labor union meetings and other events.","The largest of all the Tampa fraternal clubs, the Centro expanded and flourished in the early decades of the twentieth century, due in large part to its acceptance of members from various ethnicities and its medical facilities. Following World War II however, membership gradually declined as economic and demographic changes eroded the cigar-making immigrant community.  Many of the services offered by the club either became functions of government agencies or were too expensive to maintain, lessening the advantages of membership. With the assimilation of its traditional membership base into the general population, the club was no longer the center of the cohesive ethnic community it once served. Despite adversity, the Centro Asturiano has endured, serving as an icon of heritage to descendants of the Spanish immigrants who played such a significant role in the development of modern Tampa.","Note written by Paul Camp, 2006; Joe Tamargo, 2011.","Centro Asturiano De Tampa Membership Records Photograph Collection . 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The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa","Donation"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Cigar industry -- Florida -- Tampa","Cuba -- Relations -- Florida -- Tampa","Clubs -- Florida -- Tampa","Tampa (Fla.) -- Social life and customs","Playbills -- Florida -- Tampa"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Cigar industry -- Florida -- Tampa","Cuba -- Relations -- Florida -- Tampa","Clubs -- Florida -- Tampa","Tampa (Fla.) -- Social life and customs","Playbills -- Florida -- Tampa"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["164.7 Linear Feet","241 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["164.7 Linear Feet","241 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Playbills -- Florida -- Tampa"],"date_range_isim":[1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Centro Asturiano de Tampa Collection is arranged into series according to subject. These include organizational, financial, ephemera, artifacts, photographs, and media. Records are arranged chronologically within each series. Boxes 159-243 contain financial records.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Centro Asturiano de Tampa Collection is arranged into series according to subject. These include organizational, financial, ephemera, artifacts, photographs, and media. Records are arranged chronologically within each series. Boxes 159-243 contain financial records."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWhen Spanish immigrants came to Tampa in the 1890s, they brought with them the idea of the mutual aid society, a voluntary association or club that pooled resources to provide members with a variety of social, cultural, and economic benefits.  The first such club established in Tampa was the Centro Espa\u0026#xF1;ol, founded in 1891. The Centro Asturiano began in 1902 when a group of members seceded from the Centro Espa\u0026#xF1;ol to create a club that included healthcare.  Named for the northwest Spanish region of Asturias from which many of the founding members had come, the new society was chartered as a branch of the Centro Asturiano de Habana, and was known for decades as the \"Tampa Delegation\" of the Cuban organization.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn January 22, 1909, the club dedicated a handsome red brick building, which cost $75,000.  When fire destroyed the building in 1912, club members voted to build an even larger and more impressive facility. This columned, neoclassical building, which the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTampa Morning Tribune\u003c/emph\u003e called \"the most beautiful building in the South,\" opened in 1914 at a cost of $110,000. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974 and retains its stature as one of the most outstanding structures in Tampa's Ybor City historic district. The club's cantina provided a pleasant atmosphere for members to spend their leisure time, a place to talk, play dominos, and smoke a cigar.  The palatial ballroom was the scene of glittering social affairs, balls, tea dances, and other activities. A space was set aside for a library and gymnasium as well to promote the club's mission of education, good health and the general well-being of its members. The Centro's building served as a center of social and cultural life for its community and is still owned by the club to this day.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA central part of club life was the building's elaborate theatre.  In its heyday, the Centro theatre was the venue for plays, operas, musicals, and other performances featuring both local talent and well-known Cuban, Spanish, and Italian entertainers who made Ybor City part of their tours. During the depression years of the 1930s, the Spanish language unit of the WPA Federal Theatre presented performances in the Centro's theatre, which was also used for cigar labor union meetings and other events.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe largest of all the Tampa fraternal clubs, the Centro expanded and flourished in the early decades of the twentieth century, due in large part to its acceptance of members from various ethnicities and its medical facilities. Following World War II however, membership gradually declined as economic and demographic changes eroded the cigar-making immigrant community.  Many of the services offered by the club either became functions of government agencies or were too expensive to maintain, lessening the advantages of membership. With the assimilation of its traditional membership base into the general population, the club was no longer the center of the cohesive ethnic community it once served. Despite adversity, the Centro Asturiano has endured, serving as an icon of heritage to descendants of the Spanish immigrants who played such a significant role in the development of modern Tampa.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Paul Camp, 2006; Joe Tamargo, 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["When Spanish immigrants came to Tampa in the 1890s, they brought with them the idea of the mutual aid society, a voluntary association or club that pooled resources to provide members with a variety of social, cultural, and economic benefits.  The first such club established in Tampa was the Centro Español, founded in 1891. The Centro Asturiano began in 1902 when a group of members seceded from the Centro Español to create a club that included healthcare.  Named for the northwest Spanish region of Asturias from which many of the founding members had come, the new society was chartered as a branch of the Centro Asturiano de Habana, and was known for decades as the \"Tampa Delegation\" of the Cuban organization.","On January 22, 1909, the club dedicated a handsome red brick building, which cost $75,000.  When fire destroyed the building in 1912, club members voted to build an even larger and more impressive facility. This columned, neoclassical building, which the  Tampa Morning Tribune  called \"the most beautiful building in the South,\" opened in 1914 at a cost of $110,000. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974 and retains its stature as one of the most outstanding structures in Tampa's Ybor City historic district. The club's cantina provided a pleasant atmosphere for members to spend their leisure time, a place to talk, play dominos, and smoke a cigar.  The palatial ballroom was the scene of glittering social affairs, balls, tea dances, and other activities. A space was set aside for a library and gymnasium as well to promote the club's mission of education, good health and the general well-being of its members. The Centro's building served as a center of social and cultural life for its community and is still owned by the club to this day.","A central part of club life was the building's elaborate theatre.  In its heyday, the Centro theatre was the venue for plays, operas, musicals, and other performances featuring both local talent and well-known Cuban, Spanish, and Italian entertainers who made Ybor City part of their tours. During the depression years of the 1930s, the Spanish language unit of the WPA Federal Theatre presented performances in the Centro's theatre, which was also used for cigar labor union meetings and other events.","The largest of all the Tampa fraternal clubs, the Centro expanded and flourished in the early decades of the twentieth century, due in large part to its acceptance of members from various ethnicities and its medical facilities. Following World War II however, membership gradually declined as economic and demographic changes eroded the cigar-making immigrant community.  Many of the services offered by the club either became functions of government agencies or were too expensive to maintain, lessening the advantages of membership. With the assimilation of its traditional membership base into the general population, the club was no longer the center of the cohesive ethnic community it once served. Despite adversity, the Centro Asturiano has endured, serving as an icon of heritage to descendants of the Spanish immigrants who played such a significant role in the development of modern Tampa.","Note written by Paul Camp, 2006; Joe Tamargo, 2011."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCentro Asturiano de Tampa collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCentro Asturiano De Tampa Membership Records Photograph Collection\u003c/emph\u003e. 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Tampa, Florida: University of South Florida Libraries, 2003.","Centro Asturiano Library Collection,  Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","Centro Español De Tampa Collection , USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Cuban Club Records , USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Centro Asturiano de Tampa Collection consists of club and hospital records, meeting minutes, photographs, ephemera, zarzuelas, playbills, financial records, memorias, and cemetery records. Artifacts include flags, trophies, printing plates, and various other items related to the club.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Centro Asturiano de Tampa Collection consists of club and hospital records, meeting minutes, photographs, ephemera, zarzuelas, playbills, financial records, memorias, and cemetery records. Artifacts include flags, trophies, printing plates, and various other items related to the club."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa"],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Centro Asturiano de Tampa"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Centro Asturiano de Tampa"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1038,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1875301659078295552,"_root_":"8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f","timestamp":"2026-09-03T09:17:07.659Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f_aspace_58d075c7f04aeededdd5c937a9187619"}},{"id":"bf94ada4377f2dbc813062ab_aspace_20461","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"\"Section of the Dolls Exhibit in the Lightner Museum of Hobbies St. 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1938-1960"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","File"],"unitid_ssm":["Item 2","/repositories/2/archival_objects/5276"],"repository_ssim":["Florida Gulf Coast University Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Vintage Florida Postcards, 1930-2025"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":52,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open and available for research."],"date_range_isim":[1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960],"geogname_ssim":["Saint Augustine (Fla.)"],"geogname_ssm":["Saint Augustine (Fla.)"],"places_ssim":["Saint Augustine (Fla.)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Postcards.\t"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Postcards.\t"],"language_ssim":["English"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAn unmarked linen postcard depicting a child playing with dolls in front of a large wooden display case.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["An unmarked linen postcard depicting a child playing with dolls in front of a large wooden display case."],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#1","_nest_parent_":"bf94ada4377f2dbc813062ab_aspace_20459","_root_":"bf94ada4377f2dbc813062ab","timestamp":"2026-04-28T01:56:33.260Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"bf94ada4377f2dbc813062ab","title_ssm":["Vintage Florida Postcards"],"title_tesim":["Vintage Florida Postcards"],"ead_ssi":"bf94ada4377f2dbc813062ab","unitdate_ssm":["1930-2025"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1930-2025"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["02/01/44","/repositories/2/resources/109"],"text":["02/01/44","/repositories/2/resources/109","Vintage Florida Postcards, 1930-2025","Florida.","Seminole Tribe of Florida.","Photography.","Tourism--Florida.","Florida--Postcards","Postcards.\t","The collection is open and available for research.","Materials included in the Vintage Florida Postcard collection include postcards from regions spanning the State of Florida.","Florida Gulf Coast University Special Collections","Dexter Press (West Nyack, New York)","Sell, William, Mrs.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["02/01/44","/repositories/2/resources/109"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1930-2025"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Vintage Florida Postcards, 1930-2025"],"collection_title_tesim":["Vintage Florida Postcards, 1930-2025"],"collection_ssim":["Vintage Florida Postcards, 1930-2025"],"repository_ssm":["Florida Gulf Coast University Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["Florida Gulf Coast University Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Florida.","Seminole Tribe of Florida.","Photography.","Tourism--Florida."],"geogname_ssim":["Florida.","Seminole Tribe of Florida.","Photography.","Tourism--Florida."],"places_ssim":["Florida.","Seminole Tribe of 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for research."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials included in the Vintage Florida Postcard collection include postcards from regions spanning the State of Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Materials included in the Vintage Florida Postcard collection include postcards from regions spanning the State of Florida."],"names_ssim":["Florida Gulf Coast University Special Collections","Dexter Press (West Nyack, New York)","Sell, William, Mrs."],"corpname_ssim":["Florida Gulf Coast University Special Collections","Dexter Press (West Nyack, New York)"],"persname_ssim":["Sell, William, Mrs."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content 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Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4ecd9741f5ab1f086d98fc86_aspace_5a52e6243744dc74f401f8ad393eaa11#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_5a52e6243744dc74f401f8ad393eaa11","ref_ssm":["aspace_5a52e6243744dc74f401f8ad393eaa11","aspace_5a52e6243744dc74f401f8ad393eaa11"],"id":"4ecd9741f5ab1f086d98fc86_aspace_5a52e6243744dc74f401f8ad393eaa11","title_filing_ssi":"Selective Service","title_ssm":["Selective Service"],"title_tesim":["Selective Service"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1940-1959"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1940-1959"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Selective Service, 1940-1959"],"text":["Selective Service, 1940-1959","Dr. Heather Frazer and Dr. John O'Sullivan Research Collection, 1871 - 2006","Research, bulk 1871-2006","/repositories/2/archival_objects/77909","box 30","folder 15","Government documents and newspaper clippings covering the details of the selective service and conscientious 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Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment.","Photocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library. See less"],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement. When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder. Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections. See less See less"],"date_range_isim":[1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959],"containers_ssim":["box 30","folder 15"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGovernment documents and newspaper clippings covering the details of the selective service and conscientious objectors\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Government documents and newspaper clippings covering the details of the selective service and conscientious objectors"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#318","_nest_parent_":"4ecd9741f5ab1f086d98fc86_aspace_ff3bc41a85011bea5a51cdad9b65b38a","_root_":"4ecd9741f5ab1f086d98fc86","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:01:13.886Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"4ecd9741f5ab1f086d98fc86","title_ssm":["Dr. Heather Frazer and Dr. John O'Sullivan Research Collection"],"title_tesim":["Dr. Heather Frazer and Dr. John O'Sullivan Research Collection"],"ead_ssi":"4ecd9741f5ab1f086d98fc86","unitdate_ssm":["1871 - 2006"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1871 - 2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UAFP0012","/repositories/2/resources/203"],"text":["UAFP0012","/repositories/2/resources/203","Dr. Heather Frazer and Dr. John O'Sullivan Research Collection, 1871 - 2006","United States","World War, 1939-1945","University Archives","University Archives -- Faculty Papers"," Civilian Public Service -- History","World War, 1939-1945 -- Conscientious objectors -- United States","Oral history","Collections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment.","Photocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library. See less","The Frazer-O'Sullivan Collection contains the research for the co- authored book, We Have Just Begun to Not Fight: An Oral History of Conscientious Objectors in the Civilian Public Service During World War II, by Heather Frazer and John O'Sullivan. More than 40,000 American men refused to fight during World War II. Citing principled opposition, they declared themselves conscientious objectors. Rejecting combat duty, nearly 12,000 men entered Civilian Public Service (CPS) with the intent to perform \"work of national importance\" as an alternative to combat duty. The CPS program was set up by members of the historic peace churches (Mennonites, Brethren, and Quakers) and participated in by pacifists from other churches, of no specific religious persuasion, and, in the case of a few, no persuasion except not to fight in that particular war. CPS men worked as aides in mental hospitals, volunteered as smoke jumpers in forest fires, and participated in grueling medical and scientific experiments.  Frazer and O'Sullivan use the oral histories of 15 CPS men and two of their wives to illuminate their experience during World War II. ","Heather T. Frazer (1940 – 2016) was a professor of history at Florida Atlantic University. In 1971, she became the first female faculty member in the FAU history department where she taught for 35 years before retiring in 2006. During her tenure, she served as Department Chair and Director of Graduate Studies. She also pioneered the study of women's history at FAU, helping establish the Women's Studies program, which is now the Center for Women, Gender and Sexuality Studies. Dr. Frazer taught courses in women's history, modern Britain and British Empire, Indian history, and oral history.","John O'Sullivan (1939-2000) was a professor of history at Florida Atlantic University. In 1971, he came to Florida Atlantic University where he served as chair of the History Department (1975-1978) and devoted his entire academic career. Dr. O'Sullivan received numerous research fellowships including the American Philosophical Society, the American Historical Association, and the Sloan Foundation. His areas of specialization were World War II, Vietnam War, Nuclear Age, the Holocaust, Peace History, Oral History and Modern American Political and Diplomatic Affairs.","Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement. When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder. Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections. See less See less","Florida Atlantic University Libraries","English"],"unitid_tesim":["UAFP0012","/repositories/2/resources/203"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1871 - 2006"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dr. Heather Frazer and Dr. John O'Sullivan Research Collection, 1871 - 2006"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dr. Heather Frazer and Dr. John O'Sullivan Research Collection, 1871 - 2006"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. Heather Frazer and Dr. John O'Sullivan Research Collection, 1871 - 2006"],"repository_ssm":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"repository_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"geogname_ssm":["United States"],"geogname_ssim":["United States"],"places_ssim":["United States"],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement. When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder. Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections. See less See less"],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945","University Archives","University Archives -- Faculty Papers"," Civilian Public Service -- History","World War, 1939-1945 -- Conscientious objectors -- United States","Oral history"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945","University Archives","University Archives -- Faculty Papers"," Civilian Public Service -- History","World War, 1939-1945 -- Conscientious objectors -- United States","Oral history"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["67 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["67 boxes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library. See less\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment.","Photocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library. See less"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Frazer-O'Sullivan Collection contains the research for the co- authored book, We Have Just Begun to Not Fight: An Oral History of Conscientious Objectors in the Civilian Public Service During World War II, by Heather Frazer and John O'Sullivan. More than 40,000 American men refused to fight during World War II. Citing principled opposition, they declared themselves conscientious objectors. Rejecting combat duty, nearly 12,000 men entered Civilian Public Service (CPS) with the intent to perform \"work of national importance\" as an alternative to combat duty. The CPS program was set up by members of the historic peace churches (Mennonites, Brethren, and Quakers) and participated in by pacifists from other churches, of no specific religious persuasion, and, in the case of a few, no persuasion except not to fight in that particular war. CPS men worked as aides in mental hospitals, volunteered as smoke jumpers in forest fires, and participated in grueling medical and scientific experiments.  Frazer and O'Sullivan use the oral histories of 15 CPS men and two of their wives to illuminate their experience during World War II. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHeather T. Frazer (1940 \u0026#x2013; 2016) was a professor of history at Florida Atlantic University. In 1971, she became the first female faculty member in the FAU history department where she taught for 35 years before retiring in 2006. During her tenure, she served as Department Chair and Director of Graduate Studies. She also pioneered the study of women's history at FAU, helping establish the Women's Studies program, which is now the Center for Women, Gender and Sexuality Studies. Dr. Frazer taught courses in women's history, modern Britain and British Empire, Indian history, and oral history.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohn O'Sullivan (1939-2000) was a professor of history at Florida Atlantic University. In 1971, he came to Florida Atlantic University where he served as chair of the History Department (1975-1978) and devoted his entire academic career. Dr. O'Sullivan received numerous research fellowships including the American Philosophical Society, the American Historical Association, and the Sloan Foundation. His areas of specialization were World War II, Vietnam War, Nuclear Age, the Holocaust, Peace History, Oral History and Modern American Political and Diplomatic Affairs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Frazer-O'Sullivan Collection contains the research for the co- authored book, We Have Just Begun to Not Fight: An Oral History of Conscientious Objectors in the Civilian Public Service During World War II, by Heather Frazer and John O'Sullivan. More than 40,000 American men refused to fight during World War II. Citing principled opposition, they declared themselves conscientious objectors. Rejecting combat duty, nearly 12,000 men entered Civilian Public Service (CPS) with the intent to perform \"work of national importance\" as an alternative to combat duty. The CPS program was set up by members of the historic peace churches (Mennonites, Brethren, and Quakers) and participated in by pacifists from other churches, of no specific religious persuasion, and, in the case of a few, no persuasion except not to fight in that particular war. CPS men worked as aides in mental hospitals, volunteered as smoke jumpers in forest fires, and participated in grueling medical and scientific experiments.  Frazer and O'Sullivan use the oral histories of 15 CPS men and two of their wives to illuminate their experience during World War II. ","Heather T. Frazer (1940 – 2016) was a professor of history at Florida Atlantic University. In 1971, she became the first female faculty member in the FAU history department where she taught for 35 years before retiring in 2006. During her tenure, she served as Department Chair and Director of Graduate Studies. She also pioneered the study of women's history at FAU, helping establish the Women's Studies program, which is now the Center for Women, Gender and Sexuality Studies. Dr. Frazer taught courses in women's history, modern Britain and British Empire, Indian history, and oral history.","John O'Sullivan (1939-2000) was a professor of history at Florida Atlantic University. In 1971, he came to Florida Atlantic University where he served as chair of the History Department (1975-1978) and devoted his entire academic career. Dr. O'Sullivan received numerous research fellowships including the American Philosophical Society, the American Historical Association, and the Sloan Foundation. His areas of specialization were World War II, Vietnam War, Nuclear Age, the Holocaust, Peace History, Oral History and Modern American Political and Diplomatic Affairs."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement. When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder. Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections. See less See less\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement. When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder. Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections. See less See less"],"names_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"corpname_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":808,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"4ecd9741f5ab1f086d98fc86","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:01:13.886Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4ecd9741f5ab1f086d98fc86_aspace_5a52e6243744dc74f401f8ad393eaa11"}},{"id":"71b8a757b0f138dee122db24_aspace_249029b954aaccefed10058a879094aa","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Selick, H. Graham, 1940-1949","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/71b8a757b0f138dee122db24_aspace_249029b954aaccefed10058a879094aa#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_249029b954aaccefed10058a879094aa","ref_ssm":["aspace_249029b954aaccefed10058a879094aa","aspace_249029b954aaccefed10058a879094aa"],"id":"71b8a757b0f138dee122db24_aspace_249029b954aaccefed10058a879094aa","title_filing_ssi":"Selick, H. Graham","title_ssm":["Selick, H. Graham"],"title_tesim":["Selick, H. Graham"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1940-1949"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1940-1949"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Selick, H. Graham, 1940-1949"],"text":["Selick, H. Graham, 1940-1949","Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010","Correspondence","Letters by Correspondent","/repositories/2/archival_objects/40341","box 89","folder 7"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["71b8a757b0f138dee122db24","71b8a757b0f138dee122db24_aspace_73dc9b1d2c27e41cb1782e4d9efb7b87","71b8a757b0f138dee122db24_aspace_5ffa747c554c95e6d9a41ccba0a978c3"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010","Correspondence","Letters by Correspondent"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010","Correspondence","Letters by Correspondent"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/2/archival_objects/40341"],"repository_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":1676,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to\nunprocessed born digital materials."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish materials from the Florida Bandmasters Association Records must be obtained from the Florida Bandmasters Association. Please inquire with the College Archivist if you have questions 863-616-6487"],"date_range_isim":[1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949],"containers_ssim":["box 89","folder 7"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#0/components#269","_nest_parent_":"71b8a757b0f138dee122db24_aspace_5ffa747c554c95e6d9a41ccba0a978c3","_root_":"71b8a757b0f138dee122db24","_version_":1877102187519148032,"timestamp":"2026-09-23T06:15:45.471Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"71b8a757b0f138dee122db24","title_ssm":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records"],"title_tesim":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records"],"ead_ssi":"71b8a757b0f138dee122db24","unitdate_ssm":["1936-2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1936-2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS1000","/repositories/2/resources/26"],"text":["MS1000","/repositories/2/resources/26","Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010","Florida Bandmaster Association","School bands--Florida--History","Music contests--Florida","Photographs--United States","Correspondence","Photographs","This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to\nunprocessed born digital materials.","The Florida Bandmasters Association (FBA) has guided the musical development of generations of Florida's high school students since 1936. Formed by a few visionary high school band directors from across Florida, the FBA sought to promote interest in high school bands and band contests during an era where few schools had bands but interest was growing, and to strengthen the professional standing of the state's band directors. The FBA sponsored a\nsingle State Festival for several years. In the late 1940's, the Festival became large enough that the state was divided into six geographical Districts, and District Contests were devised to serve as qualifiers for bands attending the State Contest. Since then, additional growth resulted in 10\nDistricts, then to 14, then to 15 in 1982, to 17 in 1987, and to 19 in 1995. There is still 19 districts.\nThroughout the years, the FBA has managed state- and district-level band festivals, clinics, and other events, ensuring that music remained in the public school curriculum and maintaining high musical standards for students. In 1966, the FBA completed an amicable merger with the Florida Association of Bandmasters, the equivalent organization for African-American schools\nprior to integration. The FABD had formed in 1941with Leander Kirksey as the first president. He was followed by George H. Hill (1955-1960) and James W. Wilson (1960-1966). Wilson later served as president of the FBA from 1974-1975. Early organizers and leaders of the FBA include some giants in the school band field, including first president Major Ed Chenette, P.J. Gustat, Browne Greaton Cole, and John J. Heney. For a complete list of presidents visit https://fba.flmusiced.org/about/history. FBA eventually became a component organization of the Florida Music Education Association.\nIn addition, the FBA had a relationship with the Florida High School Activities Association, from whom the FBA, and their associated events, received funding. John Joseph Heney, Sr. (1903-1978) was a percussionist, music educator, and historian. He played with numerous bands throughout his career, most notably the John Phillip Sousa Band during its final six years. In addition to playing professionally, Heney taught at numerous schools in the Florida area, including Ketterlinus High School, Stetson University, and DeLand High School, where he stayed for thirty-two years. He was a founder of the FBA and instrumental in starting the archives. For more information, please visit: http://www.pas.org/docs/defaultsource/SoundEnhancedPdfs/the-life-and-music-of-john-joseph-heney.pdf?sfvrsn=2","This collection documents the functions and activities of the Florida Bandmasters Association. Included are governance-related materials such as constitutions and bylaws, as well as informational bulletins; financial records; minutes of state, district, and committee meetings; and\ncorrespondence to and from Association leadership. Of note for genealogists are annual membership directories and membership applications from the 1940 into the 1960s that include a resume and photograph of each applicant. The collection also includes detailed records of band contests and festivals, with records pertaining to the administrative and logistical efforts as\nwell as results. Other documentary forms found in the collection are a small number of musical scores and cassette tapes of performances.","The records have been arranged in eight series, six of which have been further arranged in subseries.","Series 1: Bulletins, 1941-2010. Nine feet two inches or 22 boxes. Bulletins includes both State (1941-2010) and District (1946-1995) arranged separately and chronologically. The content of the bulletins changed slightly over the years, and may contain general information for the membership, meeting times, meeting agendas or minutes, and contest results. Some issues are missing.","Series 2: Constitutions, Bylaws, Handbooks, Manuals, \u0026 Proclamations, 1939-2010. 20 inches or 4 boxes. Arranged by year. Copies of the current constitution or by-law were often printed in an annual handbook.\nSeries 3: Contests and other events, 1936-1996. Twenty feet 5 inches or 49 boxes. Arranged in five subseries – Contests (1936-1996), Adjudication (1962-1992), Clinics (1943-1993), Music Lists (1954-1994), and Music Scores, n.d. Each subseries is arranged chronologically. Records include documents relating to events sponsored or managed by FBA, including district and state contests/festivals, the All-Star Marching Band, and All-State competitions.","Series 4: Correspondence, 1927-1994. Twelve feet, one inch or twenty-nine boxes. This series was maintained in original order (as found in 2018) which included materials by Correspondent (1927-1994), and more routine Business Correspondence by year (1948-1993). It contains a variety of letters from FBA presidents, executive secretaries, and other related people or organizations about finances, meetings, activities, events, and association history.\nSeries 5, Financial Records, 1939-2008. Two feet, eleven inches or seven boxes, arranged by year. Documents include ledgers, reports, and budgets at the state and district levels. Financial information can also be found in Bulletins and Minutes.","Series 6, Meetings, 1938-2009. Eight feet, nine inches or twenty-one boxes, arranged in four subseries and then chronologically. State and district meetings were held by officers and reflect decisions made for the group. State Minutes, 1938-1993 and District Minutes, 1945-2009 sometimes include agendas, but they typically describe the events of the meeting and may include a list of attendees, a statement of the issues considered by the participants, and related responses or decisions for the issues. The Committees, 1950-1993 minutes, arranged alphabetically by committee name are not a complete record of all committees. Some minutes were never filed with the main office. Some minutes of the committees are recorded in the bulletins. Decisions made at the business meeting attended by the general membership are found within the Summer Conventions, 1968-1993.","Series 7, Membership, 1949-2000. Three feet, ten inches or nine boxes. The Membership Applications, 1949-1985 from the earlier years often include a photograph and resume-like information. Directories, 1946-2000 are the compilation of information into a published booklet. The News includes some obituaries and newspaper clipping of some members.","Series 8, Related Materials, 1940-1974, n.d. Twenty inches, or five boxes. This last series includes materials by and about John J. Heney, Sr. Heney was a member of the Sousa Band Fraternal Society. Several boxes of materials reflect his involvement with the John Philip Sousa Band, and his interest in preserving Sousa's memory after the band leader's death. The Photographs include mostly albums of marching bands, but also of some band directors.","Permission to publish materials from the Florida Bandmasters Association Records must be obtained from the Florida Bandmasters Association. Please inquire with the College Archivist if you have questions 863-616-6487","The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections","Florida Bandmaster Association","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS1000","/repositories/2/resources/26"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1936-2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010"],"collection_title_tesim":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010"],"collection_ssim":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010"],"repository_ssm":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"repository_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Florida Bandmaster Association"],"creator_ssim":["Florida Bandmaster Association"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Florida Bandmaster Association"],"creators_ssim":["Florida Bandmaster Association"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish materials from the Florida Bandmasters Association Records must be obtained from the Florida Bandmasters Association. Please inquire with the College Archivist if you have questions 863-616-6487"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Beginning in 1967, John J. Heney took on the role of FBA archivist and began to assemble what records he could collect from former FBA presidents, executive director Robert Lampi, and individual bandmasters. Heney made arrangements with the University of Florida to store the records, which he delivered in several installments through 1978. In 1988, because of a connection between an FBA member and Florida Southern College, the collection was returned to the FBA and moved to FSC."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Florida Bandmaster Association","School bands--Florida--History","Music contests--Florida","Photographs--United States","Correspondence","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Florida Bandmaster Association","School bands--Florida--History","Music contests--Florida","Photographs--United States","Correspondence","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["60.5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["60.5 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to\nunprocessed born digital materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to\nunprocessed born digital materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Florida Bandmasters Association (FBA) has guided the musical development of generations of Florida's high school students since 1936. Formed by a few visionary high school band directors from across Florida, the FBA sought to promote interest in high school bands and band contests during an era where few schools had bands but interest was growing, and to strengthen the professional standing of the state's band directors. The FBA sponsored a\nsingle State Festival for several years. In the late 1940's, the Festival became large enough that the state was divided into six geographical Districts, and District Contests were devised to serve as qualifiers for bands attending the State Contest. Since then, additional growth resulted in 10\nDistricts, then to 14, then to 15 in 1982, to 17 in 1987, and to 19 in 1995. There is still 19 districts.\nThroughout the years, the FBA has managed state- and district-level band festivals, clinics, and other events, ensuring that music remained in the public school curriculum and maintaining high musical standards for students. In 1966, the FBA completed an amicable merger with the Florida Association of Bandmasters, the equivalent organization for African-American schools\nprior to integration. The FABD had formed in 1941with Leander Kirksey as the first president. He was followed by George H. Hill (1955-1960) and James W. Wilson (1960-1966). Wilson later served as president of the FBA from 1974-1975. Early organizers and leaders of the FBA include some giants in the school band field, including first president Major Ed Chenette, P.J. Gustat, Browne Greaton Cole, and John J. Heney. For a complete list of presidents visit https://fba.flmusiced.org/about/history. FBA eventually became a component organization of the Florida Music Education Association.\nIn addition, the FBA had a relationship with the Florida High School Activities Association, from whom the FBA, and their associated events, received funding. John Joseph Heney, Sr. (1903-1978) was a percussionist, music educator, and historian. He played with numerous bands throughout his career, most notably the John Phillip Sousa Band during its final six years. In addition to playing professionally, Heney taught at numerous schools in the Florida area, including Ketterlinus High School, Stetson University, and DeLand High School, where he stayed for thirty-two years. He was a founder of the FBA and instrumental in starting the archives. For more information, please visit: http://www.pas.org/docs/defaultsource/SoundEnhancedPdfs/the-life-and-music-of-john-joseph-heney.pdf?sfvrsn=2\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Florida Bandmasters Association (FBA) has guided the musical development of generations of Florida's high school students since 1936. Formed by a few visionary high school band directors from across Florida, the FBA sought to promote interest in high school bands and band contests during an era where few schools had bands but interest was growing, and to strengthen the professional standing of the state's band directors. The FBA sponsored a\nsingle State Festival for several years. In the late 1940's, the Festival became large enough that the state was divided into six geographical Districts, and District Contests were devised to serve as qualifiers for bands attending the State Contest. Since then, additional growth resulted in 10\nDistricts, then to 14, then to 15 in 1982, to 17 in 1987, and to 19 in 1995. There is still 19 districts.\nThroughout the years, the FBA has managed state- and district-level band festivals, clinics, and other events, ensuring that music remained in the public school curriculum and maintaining high musical standards for students. In 1966, the FBA completed an amicable merger with the Florida Association of Bandmasters, the equivalent organization for African-American schools\nprior to integration. The FABD had formed in 1941with Leander Kirksey as the first president. He was followed by George H. Hill (1955-1960) and James W. Wilson (1960-1966). Wilson later served as president of the FBA from 1974-1975. Early organizers and leaders of the FBA include some giants in the school band field, including first president Major Ed Chenette, P.J. Gustat, Browne Greaton Cole, and John J. Heney. For a complete list of presidents visit https://fba.flmusiced.org/about/history. FBA eventually became a component organization of the Florida Music Education Association.\nIn addition, the FBA had a relationship with the Florida High School Activities Association, from whom the FBA, and their associated events, received funding. John Joseph Heney, Sr. (1903-1978) was a percussionist, music educator, and historian. He played with numerous bands throughout his career, most notably the John Phillip Sousa Band during its final six years. In addition to playing professionally, Heney taught at numerous schools in the Florida area, including Ketterlinus High School, Stetson University, and DeLand High School, where he stayed for thirty-two years. He was a founder of the FBA and instrumental in starting the archives. For more information, please visit: http://www.pas.org/docs/defaultsource/SoundEnhancedPdfs/the-life-and-music-of-john-joseph-heney.pdf?sfvrsn=2"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the functions and activities of the Florida Bandmasters Association. Included are governance-related materials such as constitutions and bylaws, as well as informational bulletins; financial records; minutes of state, district, and committee meetings; and\ncorrespondence to and from Association leadership. Of note for genealogists are annual membership directories and membership applications from the 1940 into the 1960s that include a resume and photograph of each applicant. The collection also includes detailed records of band contests and festivals, with records pertaining to the administrative and logistical efforts as\nwell as results. Other documentary forms found in the collection are a small number of musical scores and cassette tapes of performances.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe records have been arranged in eight series, six of which have been further arranged in subseries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Bulletins, 1941-2010. Nine feet two inches or 22 boxes. Bulletins includes both State (1941-2010) and District (1946-1995) arranged separately and chronologically. The content of the bulletins changed slightly over the years, and may contain general information for the membership, meeting times, meeting agendas or minutes, and contest results. Some issues are missing.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Constitutions, Bylaws, Handbooks, Manuals, \u0026amp; Proclamations, 1939-2010. 20 inches or 4 boxes. Arranged by year. Copies of the current constitution or by-law were often printed in an annual handbook.\nSeries 3: Contests and other events, 1936-1996. Twenty feet 5 inches or 49 boxes. Arranged in five subseries \u0026#x2013; Contests (1936-1996), Adjudication (1962-1992), Clinics (1943-1993), Music Lists (1954-1994), and Music Scores, n.d. Each subseries is arranged chronologically. Records include documents relating to events sponsored or managed by FBA, including district and state contests/festivals, the All-Star Marching Band, and All-State competitions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Correspondence, 1927-1994. Twelve feet, one inch or twenty-nine boxes. This series was maintained in original order (as found in 2018) which included materials by Correspondent (1927-1994), and more routine Business Correspondence by year (1948-1993). It contains a variety of letters from FBA presidents, executive secretaries, and other related people or organizations about finances, meetings, activities, events, and association history.\nSeries 5, Financial Records, 1939-2008. Two feet, eleven inches or seven boxes, arranged by year. Documents include ledgers, reports, and budgets at the state and district levels. Financial information can also be found in Bulletins and Minutes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6, Meetings, 1938-2009. Eight feet, nine inches or twenty-one boxes, arranged in four subseries and then chronologically. State and district meetings were held by officers and reflect decisions made for the group. State Minutes, 1938-1993 and District Minutes, 1945-2009 sometimes include agendas, but they typically describe the events of the meeting and may include a list of attendees, a statement of the issues considered by the participants, and related responses or decisions for the issues. The Committees, 1950-1993 minutes, arranged alphabetically by committee name are not a complete record of all committees. Some minutes were never filed with the main office. Some minutes of the committees are recorded in the bulletins. Decisions made at the business meeting attended by the general membership are found within the Summer Conventions, 1968-1993.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7, Membership, 1949-2000. Three feet, ten inches or nine boxes. The Membership Applications, 1949-1985 from the earlier years often include a photograph and resume-like information. Directories, 1946-2000 are the compilation of information into a published booklet. The News includes some obituaries and newspaper clipping of some members.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8, Related Materials, 1940-1974, n.d. Twenty inches, or five boxes. This last series includes materials by and about John J. Heney, Sr. Heney was a member of the Sousa Band Fraternal Society. Several boxes of materials reflect his involvement with the John Philip Sousa Band, and his interest in preserving Sousa's memory after the band leader's death. The Photographs include mostly albums of marching bands, but also of some band directors.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents the functions and activities of the Florida Bandmasters Association. Included are governance-related materials such as constitutions and bylaws, as well as informational bulletins; financial records; minutes of state, district, and committee meetings; and\ncorrespondence to and from Association leadership. Of note for genealogists are annual membership directories and membership applications from the 1940 into the 1960s that include a resume and photograph of each applicant. The collection also includes detailed records of band contests and festivals, with records pertaining to the administrative and logistical efforts as\nwell as results. Other documentary forms found in the collection are a small number of musical scores and cassette tapes of performances.","The records have been arranged in eight series, six of which have been further arranged in subseries.","Series 1: Bulletins, 1941-2010. Nine feet two inches or 22 boxes. Bulletins includes both State (1941-2010) and District (1946-1995) arranged separately and chronologically. The content of the bulletins changed slightly over the years, and may contain general information for the membership, meeting times, meeting agendas or minutes, and contest results. Some issues are missing.","Series 2: Constitutions, Bylaws, Handbooks, Manuals, \u0026 Proclamations, 1939-2010. 20 inches or 4 boxes. Arranged by year. Copies of the current constitution or by-law were often printed in an annual handbook.\nSeries 3: Contests and other events, 1936-1996. Twenty feet 5 inches or 49 boxes. Arranged in five subseries – Contests (1936-1996), Adjudication (1962-1992), Clinics (1943-1993), Music Lists (1954-1994), and Music Scores, n.d. Each subseries is arranged chronologically. Records include documents relating to events sponsored or managed by FBA, including district and state contests/festivals, the All-Star Marching Band, and All-State competitions.","Series 4: Correspondence, 1927-1994. Twelve feet, one inch or twenty-nine boxes. This series was maintained in original order (as found in 2018) which included materials by Correspondent (1927-1994), and more routine Business Correspondence by year (1948-1993). It contains a variety of letters from FBA presidents, executive secretaries, and other related people or organizations about finances, meetings, activities, events, and association history.\nSeries 5, Financial Records, 1939-2008. Two feet, eleven inches or seven boxes, arranged by year. Documents include ledgers, reports, and budgets at the state and district levels. Financial information can also be found in Bulletins and Minutes.","Series 6, Meetings, 1938-2009. Eight feet, nine inches or twenty-one boxes, arranged in four subseries and then chronologically. State and district meetings were held by officers and reflect decisions made for the group. State Minutes, 1938-1993 and District Minutes, 1945-2009 sometimes include agendas, but they typically describe the events of the meeting and may include a list of attendees, a statement of the issues considered by the participants, and related responses or decisions for the issues. The Committees, 1950-1993 minutes, arranged alphabetically by committee name are not a complete record of all committees. Some minutes were never filed with the main office. Some minutes of the committees are recorded in the bulletins. Decisions made at the business meeting attended by the general membership are found within the Summer Conventions, 1968-1993.","Series 7, Membership, 1949-2000. Three feet, ten inches or nine boxes. The Membership Applications, 1949-1985 from the earlier years often include a photograph and resume-like information. Directories, 1946-2000 are the compilation of information into a published booklet. The News includes some obituaries and newspaper clipping of some members.","Series 8, Related Materials, 1940-1974, n.d. Twenty inches, or five boxes. This last series includes materials by and about John J. Heney, Sr. Heney was a member of the Sousa Band Fraternal Society. Several boxes of materials reflect his involvement with the John Philip Sousa Band, and his interest in preserving Sousa's memory after the band leader's death. The Photographs include mostly albums of marching bands, but also of some band directors."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish materials from the Florida Bandmasters Association Records must be obtained from the Florida Bandmasters Association. Please inquire with the College Archivist if you have questions 863-616-6487\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish materials from the Florida Bandmasters Association Records must be obtained from the Florida Bandmasters Association. Please inquire with the College Archivist if you have questions 863-616-6487"],"names_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections","Florida Bandmaster Association"],"corpname_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections","Florida Bandmaster Association"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2839,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1877102187519148032,"_root_":"71b8a757b0f138dee122db24","timestamp":"2026-09-23T06:15:45.471Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/71b8a757b0f138dee122db24_aspace_249029b954aaccefed10058a879094aa"}},{"id":"c40ea28f592b9375ab1a34ef_aspace_694548ce4a11951630c1da0580a0dd0d","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"\"Selling against resistance: how to make selling points penetrate\" by Richard C. Borden, 1949","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/c40ea28f592b9375ab1a34ef_aspace_694548ce4a11951630c1da0580a0dd0d#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_694548ce4a11951630c1da0580a0dd0d","ref_ssm":["aspace_694548ce4a11951630c1da0580a0dd0d","aspace_694548ce4a11951630c1da0580a0dd0d"],"id":"c40ea28f592b9375ab1a34ef_aspace_694548ce4a11951630c1da0580a0dd0d","title_filing_ssi":"\"Selling against resistance: how to make selling points penetrate\" by Richard C. Borden","title_ssm":["\"Selling against resistance: how to make selling points penetrate\" by Richard C. Borden"],"title_tesim":["\"Selling against resistance: how to make selling points penetrate\" by Richard C. Borden"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1949"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1949"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"Selling against resistance: how to make selling points penetrate\" by Richard C. Borden, 1949"],"text":["\"Selling against resistance: how to make selling points penetrate\" by Richard C. Borden, 1949","George Allen Collection, Circa 1949-2014","/repositories/2/archival_objects/7753","box 1","folder 1"],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["c40ea28f592b9375ab1a34ef"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["George Allen Collection, Circa 1949-2014"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["George Allen Collection, Circa 1949-2014"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/2/archival_objects/7753"],"repository_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["George Allen Collection, Circa 1949-2014"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The George Allen Collection is open for research."],"date_range_isim":[1949],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","_nest_parent_":"c40ea28f592b9375ab1a34ef","_root_":"c40ea28f592b9375ab1a34ef","_version_":1876455806912692224,"timestamp":"2026-09-16T03:01:48.923Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"c40ea28f592b9375ab1a34ef","title_filing_ssi":"Allen, George Collection","title_ssm":["George Allen Collection"],"title_tesim":["George Allen Collection"],"ead_ssi":"c40ea28f592b9375ab1a34ef","unitdate_ssm":["Circa 1949-2014"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 1949-2014"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["File","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["AARLCC.2013.4","/repositories/2/resources/248"],"text":["AARLCC.2013.4","/repositories/2/resources/248","George Allen Collection, Circa 1949-2014","Fort Lauderdale (Fla.)","African American lawyers -- Florida -- Fort Lauderdale","Allen, W. George, 1936- -- Interviews","Transportation -- Florida -- Broward County","African Americans -- Civil Rights -- Florida -- Broward County -- History","University of Florida -- Alumni and alumnae","plaques (flat objects)","Photographs","Certificates","Correspondence","Clippings","The George Allen Collection is open for research.","The George Allen Collection is arranged into seven series: Series I. Correspondence, Series II. Professional Papers, Series III. Personal Papers, Series IV. Photographs, Series V. Printed Materials, Series VI. Awards, and Series VII. Posters.","Lawyer and civil rights activist Willie George Allen was born on March 3, 1936 in Sanford, Florida to parents Lessie Williams and Fletcher Allen. Allen was raised by his mother and stepfather, Bruce Brown. He graduated from Crooms High School in 1954. In 1958, Allen earned his Bachelor of Science degree in political science and minored in economics. After graduation, he served in the U.S. Army as a special agent in the Counter Intelligence Corps for two years. In 1960, he entered the University of Florida College of Law. During law school, Allen organized lunch counter sit-ins in Gainesville, Florida. In 1962, he earned his J.D. degree from the University of Florida Law School. He was the first African American to earn a law degree from a Florida institution. Allen was admitted to the Florida Bar Association in 1963 and the Bar of the United States Supreme Court in 1970.","After receiving his law degree, Allen moved with his family to Fort Lauderdale, Florida where he worked at the law firm of Orr \u0026 Kaplan for six months. He started his own law practice, thereafter, working there for forty-two years. He retired from practicing law in 2014.","In 1970, George Allen filed the lawsuit that led to the desegregation of Broward County's public schools and transportation accommodations. Previously, he had unsuccessfully tried to enroll his two sons, Frederick and Timothy, at Northside Elementary School. The case was initiated on their behalf on January 9, 1970 against the Board of Public Instruction and the School Superintendent of Broward County.","Allen was a member of organizations such as the Urban League of Broward County, the Florida Bar Association, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), and the Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. He served as Broward County Bar Association's president from 1988 to 1989. In 2003, he was inducted into the National Bar Association's Hall of Fame. Additionally, Allen was appointed to Florida A\u0026M University's Board of Trustees in 2005. He recieved the Distinguished Alumnus Award from the University of Florida in 2000.","During college at Florida A\u0026M University, George Allen met Enid Meadows (1935-2018). They married on December 18, 1958 in Tallahassee, Florida, and had four children. Allen passed away on October 7, 2019.","This collection received file level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.","View a selection of digitized materials from the George Allen Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives.","The George Allen collection contains materials documenting the professional and personal life of Florida attorney and civil rights activist W. George Allen, whose work led to the desegregation of the Broward County Schools in 1970. The materials in the collectino date from 1943 to 2013, with the bulk of the materials dating from 1970 to 2013.","Correspondence includes letters written to George Allen by personal and professional colleagues such as Muhammad Ali, Honorary Chairman of the Congressional Black Caucus Dinner, and William G. Crawford.","Professional papers consist of materials related to attorney George Allen and his career in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. The series includes copies of the City of Fort Lauderdale vs. Eula Johnson court case (1961-1962); an oral history interview transcript of George Allen by Joel Buchanan at the University of Florida; an interview of George Allen moderated by Dr. Tameka Hobbs at the African American Research Library and Cultural Center for the Culture Keepers series program; a speech entitled \"Realizing the dream: equity for all\" for the Broward County Bar Association; and research files and notes, particularly on transportation, ecology and pollution in Broward County from 1970 to 1971. ","Personal papers include items collected by George Allen. Materials include a Junior-Senior Promenade event pamphlet at Crooms High School, a miniature shovel souvenir from the African American Research Library and Cultural Center groundbreaking ceremony attended in 1999, a paper entitled \"The long hard fight for equal rights\" by Fort Lauderdale architect William G. Crawford, and University of Florida commencement programs from 2001 and 2003. The series is organized alphabetically by title.","The Photographs series contains images of George Allen and others. Photographs include George Allen with Eula Johnson, L.V. Davis, Bishop L. Williams, and Mother Francis at the Freeman Funeral Home in Pompano Beach, Florida (1963), George Allen with others at an event in 2009, George Allen with others at the White House (1975), George Allen recieving the Distinguised Alumnus Award from President Charles E. Young at a University of Florida commencement ceremony (2000), and unidentified baby photographs. The series is organized alphabetically by title.","The 1971 newspaper clipping from the Fort Lauderdale News entitled \"School transportation staff does bus routing revision\" explains the creation of new bus schedules for Broward County schools.","The Awards series contains proclamations, certificates, plaques and glass plaques awarded to George Allen for his professional and community service. George Allen recieved awards from organizations such as Broward County Bar Association, National Bar Association, Federal Bar Association, Florida A\u0026M University, United Way of Broward County, and University of Florida. He was honored with the Distinguished Alumnus Award from University of Florida in 2000. Proclamations and certificates include George Allen's appointment to the Board of Trustees at Florida A\u0026M University (2005), George Allen Appreciation Day (2013), Brown v. Board of Education in Broward County (2004), the keynote speaker for the Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Day in the City of Parkland (2004), and a named honored found for 2004 in a resolution from the City Commission of City of Fort Lauderdale.","George and Enid Allen donated two DVDs with this collection. The DVDs from this collection were cataloged in the Broward County Library catalog with the prefix \"ALN\".","AARLCC Special Collections","Allen, W. George, 1936-","English"],"unitid_tesim":["AARLCC.2013.4","/repositories/2/resources/248"],"normalized_date_ssm":["Circa 1949-2014"],"normalized_title_ssm":["George Allen Collection, Circa 1949-2014"],"collection_title_tesim":["George Allen Collection, Circa 1949-2014"],"collection_ssim":["George Allen Collection, Circa 1949-2014"],"repository_ssm":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Fort Lauderdale (Fla.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Fort Lauderdale (Fla.)"],"places_ssim":["Fort Lauderdale (Fla.)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Enid Meadows Allen and W. George Allen donated the materials to AARLCC Special Collections on August 27, 2013 (Accession AARLCC-2013.4)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African American lawyers -- Florida -- Fort Lauderdale","Allen, W. George, 1936- -- Interviews","Transportation -- Florida -- Broward County","African Americans -- Civil Rights -- Florida -- Broward County -- History","University of Florida -- Alumni and alumnae","plaques (flat objects)","Photographs","Certificates","Correspondence","Clippings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African American lawyers -- Florida -- Fort Lauderdale","Allen, W. George, 1936- -- Interviews","Transportation -- Florida -- Broward County","African Americans -- Civil Rights -- Florida -- Broward County -- History","University of Florida -- Alumni and alumnae","plaques (flat objects)","Photographs","Certificates","Correspondence","Clippings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["14 Hollinger Boxes"],"extent_tesim":["14 Hollinger Boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["plaques (flat objects)","Photographs","Certificates","Correspondence","Clippings"],"date_range_isim":[1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe George Allen Collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The George Allen Collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe George Allen Collection is arranged into seven series: Series I. Correspondence, Series II. Professional Papers, Series III. Personal Papers, Series IV. Photographs, Series V. Printed Materials, Series VI. Awards, and Series VII. Posters.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The George Allen Collection is arranged into seven series: Series I. Correspondence, Series II. Professional Papers, Series III. Personal Papers, Series IV. Photographs, Series V. Printed Materials, Series VI. Awards, and Series VII. Posters."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLawyer and civil rights activist Willie George Allen was born on March 3, 1936 in Sanford, Florida to parents Lessie Williams and Fletcher Allen. Allen was raised by his mother and stepfather, Bruce Brown. He graduated from Crooms High School in 1954. In 1958, Allen earned his Bachelor of Science degree in political science and minored in economics. After graduation, he served in the U.S. Army as a special agent in the Counter Intelligence Corps for two years. In 1960, he entered the University of Florida College of Law. During law school, Allen organized lunch counter sit-ins in Gainesville, Florida. In 1962, he earned his J.D. degree from the University of Florida Law School. He was the first African American to earn a law degree from a Florida institution. Allen was admitted to the Florida Bar Association in 1963 and the Bar of the United States Supreme Court in 1970.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter receiving his law degree, Allen moved with his family to Fort Lauderdale, Florida where he worked at the law firm of Orr \u0026amp; Kaplan for six months. He started his own law practice, thereafter, working there for forty-two years. He retired from practicing law in 2014.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1970, George Allen filed the lawsuit that led to the desegregation of Broward County's public schools and transportation accommodations. Previously, he had unsuccessfully tried to enroll his two sons, Frederick and Timothy, at Northside Elementary School. The case was initiated on their behalf on January 9, 1970 against the Board of Public Instruction and the School Superintendent of Broward County.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAllen was a member of organizations such as the Urban League of Broward County, the Florida Bar Association, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), and the Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. He served as Broward County Bar Association's president from 1988 to 1989. In 2003, he was inducted into the National Bar Association's Hall of Fame. Additionally, Allen was appointed to Florida A\u0026amp;M University's Board of Trustees in 2005. He recieved the Distinguished Alumnus Award from the University of Florida in 2000.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring college at Florida A\u0026amp;M University, George Allen met Enid Meadows (1935-2018). They married on December 18, 1958 in Tallahassee, Florida, and had four children. Allen passed away on October 7, 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Lawyer and civil rights activist Willie George Allen was born on March 3, 1936 in Sanford, Florida to parents Lessie Williams and Fletcher Allen. Allen was raised by his mother and stepfather, Bruce Brown. He graduated from Crooms High School in 1954. In 1958, Allen earned his Bachelor of Science degree in political science and minored in economics. After graduation, he served in the U.S. Army as a special agent in the Counter Intelligence Corps for two years. In 1960, he entered the University of Florida College of Law. During law school, Allen organized lunch counter sit-ins in Gainesville, Florida. In 1962, he earned his J.D. degree from the University of Florida Law School. He was the first African American to earn a law degree from a Florida institution. Allen was admitted to the Florida Bar Association in 1963 and the Bar of the United States Supreme Court in 1970.","After receiving his law degree, Allen moved with his family to Fort Lauderdale, Florida where he worked at the law firm of Orr \u0026 Kaplan for six months. He started his own law practice, thereafter, working there for forty-two years. He retired from practicing law in 2014.","In 1970, George Allen filed the lawsuit that led to the desegregation of Broward County's public schools and transportation accommodations. Previously, he had unsuccessfully tried to enroll his two sons, Frederick and Timothy, at Northside Elementary School. The case was initiated on their behalf on January 9, 1970 against the Board of Public Instruction and the School Superintendent of Broward County.","Allen was a member of organizations such as the Urban League of Broward County, the Florida Bar Association, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), and the Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. He served as Broward County Bar Association's president from 1988 to 1989. In 2003, he was inducted into the National Bar Association's Hall of Fame. Additionally, Allen was appointed to Florida A\u0026M University's Board of Trustees in 2005. He recieved the Distinguished Alumnus Award from the University of Florida in 2000.","During college at Florida A\u0026M University, George Allen met Enid Meadows (1935-2018). They married on December 18, 1958 in Tallahassee, Florida, and had four children. Allen passed away on October 7, 2019."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Allen Collection (AARLCC-2013.4), AARLCC Special Collections, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["George Allen Collection (AARLCC-2013.4), AARLCC Special Collections, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection received file level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection received file level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://digitalarchives.broward.org/digital/collection/p16146coll43/search\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eView a selection of digitized materials from the George Allen Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["View a selection of digitized materials from the George Allen Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe George Allen collection contains materials documenting the professional and personal life of Florida attorney and civil rights activist W. George Allen, whose work led to the desegregation of the Broward County Schools in 1970. The materials in the collectino date from 1943 to 2013, with the bulk of the materials dating from 1970 to 2013.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence includes letters written to George Allen by personal and professional colleagues such as Muhammad Ali, Honorary Chairman of the Congressional Black Caucus Dinner, and William G. Crawford.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eProfessional papers consist of materials related to attorney George Allen and his career in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. The series includes copies of the City of Fort Lauderdale vs. Eula Johnson court case (1961-1962); an oral history interview transcript of George Allen by Joel Buchanan at the University of Florida; an interview of George Allen moderated by Dr. Tameka Hobbs at the African American Research Library and Cultural Center for the Culture Keepers series program; a speech entitled \"Realizing the dream: equity for all\" for the Broward County Bar Association; and research files and notes, particularly on transportation, ecology and pollution in Broward County from 1970 to 1971. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePersonal papers include items collected by George Allen. Materials include a Junior-Senior Promenade event pamphlet at Crooms High School, a miniature shovel souvenir from the African American Research Library and Cultural Center groundbreaking ceremony attended in 1999, a paper entitled \"The long hard fight for equal rights\" by Fort Lauderdale architect William G. Crawford, and University of Florida commencement programs from 2001 and 2003. The series is organized alphabetically by title.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Photographs series contains images of George Allen and others. Photographs include George Allen with Eula Johnson, L.V. Davis, Bishop L. Williams, and Mother Francis at the Freeman Funeral Home in Pompano Beach, Florida (1963), George Allen with others at an event in 2009, George Allen with others at the White House (1975), George Allen recieving the Distinguised Alumnus Award from President Charles E. Young at a University of Florida commencement ceremony (2000), and unidentified baby photographs. The series is organized alphabetically by title.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe 1971 newspaper clipping from the Fort Lauderdale News entitled \"School transportation staff does bus routing revision\" explains the creation of new bus schedules for Broward County schools.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Awards series contains proclamations, certificates, plaques and glass plaques awarded to George Allen for his professional and community service. George Allen recieved awards from organizations such as Broward County Bar Association, National Bar Association, Federal Bar Association, Florida A\u0026amp;M University, United Way of Broward County, and University of Florida. He was honored with the Distinguished Alumnus Award from University of Florida in 2000. Proclamations and certificates include George Allen's appointment to the Board of Trustees at Florida A\u0026amp;M University (2005), George Allen Appreciation Day (2013), Brown v. Board of Education in Broward County (2004), the keynote speaker for the Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Day in the City of Parkland (2004), and a named honored found for 2004 in a resolution from the City Commission of City of Fort Lauderdale.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The George Allen collection contains materials documenting the professional and personal life of Florida attorney and civil rights activist W. George Allen, whose work led to the desegregation of the Broward County Schools in 1970. The materials in the collectino date from 1943 to 2013, with the bulk of the materials dating from 1970 to 2013.","Correspondence includes letters written to George Allen by personal and professional colleagues such as Muhammad Ali, Honorary Chairman of the Congressional Black Caucus Dinner, and William G. Crawford.","Professional papers consist of materials related to attorney George Allen and his career in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. The series includes copies of the City of Fort Lauderdale vs. Eula Johnson court case (1961-1962); an oral history interview transcript of George Allen by Joel Buchanan at the University of Florida; an interview of George Allen moderated by Dr. Tameka Hobbs at the African American Research Library and Cultural Center for the Culture Keepers series program; a speech entitled \"Realizing the dream: equity for all\" for the Broward County Bar Association; and research files and notes, particularly on transportation, ecology and pollution in Broward County from 1970 to 1971. ","Personal papers include items collected by George Allen. Materials include a Junior-Senior Promenade event pamphlet at Crooms High School, a miniature shovel souvenir from the African American Research Library and Cultural Center groundbreaking ceremony attended in 1999, a paper entitled \"The long hard fight for equal rights\" by Fort Lauderdale architect William G. Crawford, and University of Florida commencement programs from 2001 and 2003. The series is organized alphabetically by title.","The Photographs series contains images of George Allen and others. Photographs include George Allen with Eula Johnson, L.V. Davis, Bishop L. Williams, and Mother Francis at the Freeman Funeral Home in Pompano Beach, Florida (1963), George Allen with others at an event in 2009, George Allen with others at the White House (1975), George Allen recieving the Distinguised Alumnus Award from President Charles E. Young at a University of Florida commencement ceremony (2000), and unidentified baby photographs. The series is organized alphabetically by title.","The 1971 newspaper clipping from the Fort Lauderdale News entitled \"School transportation staff does bus routing revision\" explains the creation of new bus schedules for Broward County schools.","The Awards series contains proclamations, certificates, plaques and glass plaques awarded to George Allen for his professional and community service. George Allen recieved awards from organizations such as Broward County Bar Association, National Bar Association, Federal Bar Association, Florida A\u0026M University, United Way of Broward County, and University of Florida. He was honored with the Distinguished Alumnus Award from University of Florida in 2000. Proclamations and certificates include George Allen's appointment to the Board of Trustees at Florida A\u0026M University (2005), George Allen Appreciation Day (2013), Brown v. Board of Education in Broward County (2004), the keynote speaker for the Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Day in the City of Parkland (2004), and a named honored found for 2004 in a resolution from the City Commission of City of Fort Lauderdale."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://broward.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/search/results?qu=ALN\u0026amp;qf=LOCATION%09Shelf+Location%091%3AAF-SPC%09AARLCC+Special+Collections\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eGeorge and Enid Allen donated two DVDs with this collection. The DVDs from this collection were cataloged in the Broward County Library catalog with the prefix \"ALN\".\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["George and Enid Allen donated two DVDs with this collection. The DVDs from this collection were cataloged in the Broward County Library catalog with the prefix \"ALN\"."],"names_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections","Allen, W. George, 1936-"],"corpname_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Allen, W. George, 1936-"],"persname_ssim":["Allen, W. George, 1936-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":81,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1876455806912692224,"_root_":"c40ea28f592b9375ab1a34ef","timestamp":"2026-09-16T03:01:48.923Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/c40ea28f592b9375ab1a34ef_aspace_694548ce4a11951630c1da0580a0dd0d"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","value":"Michael A. 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