{"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026page=504","prev":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026page=503","next":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026page=505","last":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026page=612"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":504,"next_page":505,"prev_page":503,"total_pages":612,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":5030,"total_count":6115,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"63a4de8b55fbfd545ac5242d","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Robert Kerstein collection, 1860-2000","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/63a4de8b55fbfd545ac5242d#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Kerstein, Robert J."],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/63a4de8b55fbfd545ac5242d#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["The collection consists of interviews, reports, news articles, and assorted materials that pertain to the Key West and Tampa Bay areas from the 1900s- 2010s."],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/63a4de8b55fbfd545ac5242d#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"63a4de8b55fbfd545ac5242d","title_ssm":["Robert Kerstein collection"],"title_tesim":["Robert Kerstein collection"],"ead_ssi":"63a4de8b55fbfd545ac5242d","unitdate_ssm":["1860-2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860-2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["K35","/repositories/2/resources/263"],"text":["K35","/repositories/2/resources/263","Robert Kerstein collection, 1860-2000","Tampa (Fla.)","Hillsborough County (Fla.)","Tampa (Fla.) -- Ethnic relations","Tampa (Fla.) -- History -- 20th century","Tampa (Fla.) -- Politics and government","Key West (Fla.)","Community development -- Florida","Universities and colleges -- Tampa","The collection is arranged by subject.","Robert J. 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Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida.","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","The collection consists of interviews, reports, news articles, and assorted materials that pertain to the Key West and Tampa Bay areas from the 1900s- 2010s.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Kerstein, Robert J.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["K35","/repositories/2/resources/263"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1860-2000"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert Kerstein collection, 1860-2000"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert Kerstein collection, 1860-2000"],"collection_ssim":["Robert Kerstein collection, 1860-2000"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Tampa (Fla.)","Hillsborough County (Fla.)","Tampa (Fla.) -- Ethnic relations","Tampa (Fla.) -- History -- 20th century","Tampa (Fla.) -- Politics and government","Key West (Fla.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Tampa (Fla.)","Hillsborough County (Fla.)","Tampa (Fla.) -- Ethnic relations","Tampa (Fla.) -- History -- 20th century","Tampa (Fla.) -- Politics and government","Key West (Fla.)"],"creator_ssm":["Kerstein, Robert J."],"creator_ssim":["Kerstein, Robert J."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Kerstein, Robert J."],"creators_ssim":["Kerstein, Robert J."],"places_ssim":["Tampa (Fla.)","Hillsborough County (Fla.)","Tampa (Fla.) -- Ethnic relations","Tampa (Fla.) -- History -- 20th century","Tampa (Fla.) -- Politics and government","Key West (Fla.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Robert J. Kerstein","Donation"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Community development -- Florida","Universities and colleges -- Tampa"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Community development -- Florida","Universities and colleges -- Tampa"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["10.67 Linear Feet","8 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["10.67 Linear Feet","8 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by subject.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by subject."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert J. Kerstein is a professor and author based in Tampa. He taught at the University of Tampa. He wrote Politics and Growth in Twentieth Century Tampa which is also held at the University of South Florida, Special \u0026amp; Digital Collections.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Kirk Mitchell\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert J. Kerstein is a professor and author based in Tampa. He taught at the University of Tampa. He wrote Politics and Growth in Twentieth Century Tampa which is also held at the University of South Florida, Special \u0026 Digital Collections.","Note written by Kirk Mitchell"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003epublished\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Other Descriptive Information"],"odd_tesim":["published"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert Kerstein collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u0026#xA0;\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Robert Kerstein collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. "],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eKerstein, Robert J. 2001. Politics and growth in twentieth-century Tampa. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Publications"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Kerstein, Robert J. 2001. Politics and growth in twentieth-century Tampa. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0;The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_504c3fb948220785617809bf32476b49\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of interviews, reports, news articles, and assorted materials that pertain to the Key West and Tampa Bay areas from the 1900s- 2010s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of interviews, reports, news articles, and assorted materials that pertain to the Key West and Tampa Bay areas from the 1900s- 2010s."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Kerstein, Robert J."],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Kerstein, Robert J."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":153,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870862689370112000,"_root_":"63a4de8b55fbfd545ac5242d","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:21:36.373Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/63a4de8b55fbfd545ac5242d"}},{"id":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378_aspace_a4eac2f30fa76d87afb4ccc753efd3da","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Robert Koritschoner Letters and Documents, 1936-1948","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378_aspace_a4eac2f30fa76d87afb4ccc753efd3da#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a certificate for Robert Koritschoner from the American Board of Pathology; a flyer and memorial service book for Robert's funeral service in 1948; copies of Robert's funeral obituary and two talks given at his funeral; a copy of the Journal, a journal published by the Kansas City District Society which includes an obituary for Robert; correspondence between Robert and his wife, Ava Koritschoner, with family and friends; and a copy of a photograph of Robert. Additionally, this folder contains copies of two scientific articles written by Robert; a booklet of information from the American Board of Pathology from 1938 and 1944; a copy of Robert's certificate for the Selective Service Medal and ceritifcation of appreciation signed by Harry S. Truman and the governor of Missori; copies of his tax stamp\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378_aspace_a4eac2f30fa76d87afb4ccc753efd3da#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_a4eac2f30fa76d87afb4ccc753efd3da","ref_ssm":["aspace_a4eac2f30fa76d87afb4ccc753efd3da","aspace_a4eac2f30fa76d87afb4ccc753efd3da"],"id":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378_aspace_a4eac2f30fa76d87afb4ccc753efd3da","title_filing_ssi":"Robert Koritschoner Letters and Documents","title_ssm":["Robert Koritschoner Letters and Documents"],"title_tesim":["Robert Koritschoner Letters and Documents"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1936-1948"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1936-1948"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert Koritschoner Letters and Documents, 1936-1948"],"text":["Robert Koritschoner Letters and Documents, 1936-1948","Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04","002","/repositories/10/archival_objects/180879","98.0729 Box 13","folder 002","This folder contains a certificate for Robert Koritschoner from the American Board of Pathology; a flyer and memorial service book for Robert's funeral service in 1948; copies of Robert's funeral obituary and two talks given at his funeral; a copy of the Journal, a journal published by the Kansas City District Society which includes an obituary for Robert; correspondence between Robert and his wife, Ava Koritschoner, with family and friends; and a copy of a photograph of Robert. Additionally, this folder contains copies of two scientific articles written by Robert; a booklet of information from the American Board of Pathology from 1938 and 1944; a copy of Robert's certificate for the Selective Service Medal and ceritifcation of appreciation signed by Harry S. Truman and the governor of Missori; copies of his tax stamp"],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["002","/repositories/10/archival_objects/180879"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":141,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates."],"date_range_isim":[1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948],"containers_ssim":["98.0729 Box 13","folder 002"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a certificate for Robert Koritschoner from the American Board of Pathology; a flyer and memorial service book for Robert's funeral service in 1948; copies of Robert's funeral obituary and two talks given at his funeral; a copy of the Journal, a journal published by the Kansas City District Society which includes an obituary for Robert; correspondence between Robert and his wife, Ava Koritschoner, with family and friends; and a copy of a photograph of Robert. Additionally, this folder contains copies of two scientific articles written by Robert; a booklet of information from the American Board of Pathology from 1938 and 1944; a copy of Robert's certificate for the Selective Service Medal and ceritifcation of appreciation signed by Harry S. Truman and the governor of Missori; copies of his tax stamp\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This folder contains a certificate for Robert Koritschoner from the American Board of Pathology; a flyer and memorial service book for Robert's funeral service in 1948; copies of Robert's funeral obituary and two talks given at his funeral; a copy of the Journal, a journal published by the Kansas City District Society which includes an obituary for Robert; correspondence between Robert and his wife, Ava Koritschoner, with family and friends; and a copy of a photograph of Robert. Additionally, this folder contains copies of two scientific articles written by Robert; a booklet of information from the American Board of Pathology from 1938 and 1944; a copy of Robert's certificate for the Selective Service Medal and ceritifcation of appreciation signed by Harry S. Truman and the governor of Missori; copies of his tax stamp"],"_nest_path_":"/components#140","_nest_parent_":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","_root_":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:46:35.829Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","title_filing_ssi":"Hasterlik-Hine collection","title_ssm":["Hasterlik-Hine collection"],"title_tesim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection"],"ead_ssi":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","unitdate_ssm":["1700-2000","Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1700-2000"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["98.0729","/repositories/10/resources/110"],"text":["98.0729","/repositories/10/resources/110","Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04","World War, 1939-1945","Jewish refugees--Germany--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--United States","World War, 1939-1945--Africa","World War, 1939-1945--Japan","World War, 1939-1945--Children","World War, 1939-1945--Censorship","World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--United States","United States--Race relations--History--20th century","Protestantism--20th century","Emigration and immigration","United States--Emigration and immigration--History--20th century","Formulas, recipes, etc.","New York World's Fair (1939-1940 : New York, N.Y.)","Burgtheater (Vienna, Austria)","Get-well cards","Children's drawings","Save the Children International Union","Poliomyelitis","Catholicism","Women--Employment--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Western Front","Nuns","Obstetrics","Child rearing in literature","Women--Employment--United States--History--20th century","Rationing","Diphtheria","V-J Day, 1945","Atomic bomb--History--20th century","Naturalization--United States","V-E Day, 1945","Theresienstadt (Concentration camp)","Switzerland--Social life and customs","Austria--History--Allied occupation, 1945-1955","United States--Social life and customs--1945-1970","Concentration Camps","World War, 1939-1945--Underground movements--Greece","Gurs (Concentration camp)","Education--Austria","Europe--Social conditions--20th century","United States--Social conditions--20th century","Africa--Race relations","Nuremberg War Crime Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, 1946-1949","Antisemitism","Infatuation","Kinderhilfswerk","Jews--Austria--Vienna--History","Scarcity","Gynecology","Personal correspondence","Postcards.","This collection is open to all researchers.","Giulia M. Kortischoner (married Hine) was born in Vienna, Austria on September 30, 1925 and passed away on June 16, 2015 in Boulder, Colorado.  \nOnly thirteen years old when World War II began, Giulia Koritschoner came of age in a time of uncertainty and chaos. Despite the context in which Giulia grew up, however, the letters of the Hasterlik-Hine collection demonstrate the fact that, for those on the home front, daily life often continued on as normal. Indeed, Giulia's correspondence throughout 1942 regularly includes cheerful greeting cards for holidays that are decorated with personalized drawings and beautiful calligraphy. These letters were sent from not only family members but also a vast array of friends and acquaintances that Giulia made throughout the war years. Giulia's letters to and from schoolmates portray scenes of growing up that remained largely unchanged even in times of war. This is particularly evident in Giulia's letters to and from Margaret Wolf, a friend from Schaffhausen who evolved from sending letters complaining about disliked teachers and unbearably boring school lessons to letters that explained her fears about graduating from school and having to enter the workforce. Giulia's own letters mirror this development, as she wrote to her family contemplating a variety of jobs, from a lab technician to a stenographer to a masseuse. Even in the midst of the war, the possibilities for the future seemed endless. \nYet, elements of the war do seep into many of the letters. Discussions of rationing figure prominently in much of Giulia's correspondence, as Ällägg Bechtold, a school friend from Schaffhausen, described how school was let out early in the spring because of a shortage of coal to keep students warm. Margaret Wolf complained that bakeries purposely sold old bread because it was thought that individuals would consume it more slowly than fresh bread. Even the letter that Giulia's school principal sent to her was written not on regular paper but rather on postcards that students were encouraged to fill with holiday greetings and send to soldiers in order to boost their morale. Many of Giulia's letters to and from her family during this time contain anxiety about Giulia's grandfather, Paul Hasterlik, who remained behind in Vienna while the rest of the family escaped. Although attempts were made to organize his passage to the United States, these efforts ultimately proved unsuccessful, and the letters reflect concerns about everything from whether Paul was able to find food to whether he was, in fact, actively being \"tormented.\" Although letters from Paul contained joy about Giulia's recovery from polio and excitement about her prospects for the future, he remained vague in descriptions of his own life, only briefly mentioning that he was forced to move to another apartment in Vienna. \nOther members of Giulia's family struggled during this time as well. Mia Hasterlik's letters outline her difficulties finding suitable employment in New York while living in unpleasant conditions. Perhaps most dramatically, Susi Weiss, Giulia's older sister who moved to Nairobi at the beginning of the war, describes the emotional and physical abuse to which her husband subjected her to and her overwhelming happiness at finally being free of him. This vast array of voices and subject matter reflected in the Hasterlik-Hine collection depict a strange intersection between war and daily life that occurred for those living on the home front during World War II. Ultimately, the collection offers an invaluable glimpse of what it means to come of age in a time of war, highlighting the fears, delights, and amusements that punctuated daily life. \nAs World War II came to an end in 1945, individuals across the globe celebrated the cessation of one of the deadliest conflicts in human history. Yet, for many people, the end of the war did not necessarily mean a return to normal life. The letters of the Hasterlik-Hine Collection provide a nuanced first-hand account of the tumultuous period following the end of the war, chronicling the story of a family that had to cope with not only the loss of family members and friends but also, perhaps most significantly, the loss of a homeland. Letters from Mia Hasterlik to her daughter, Giulia Koritschoner, highlight the joy with which the end of the war was received in the United States, expressing disbelief at the fact that \"this nightmare is really past, that it's over,\" and expressing excitement at a future that was \"spreading more beautiful in front of our eyes.\" Mia described the jubilation with which VE Day (Victory in Europe) and VJ Day (Victory over Japan) were celebrated in New York, where \"all the people [were] happy and drunk and all the soldiers and sailors [were] out of their minds. All the girls got kissed, everybody had lipstick on their faces, thousands of tons of paper, which people had thrown out their windows.\"Underlying the joy of these letters, however, was a lingering sense of sadness and loss. Mia lamented the \"heavy, irreplaceable loss\" of her father, Paul Hasterlik, who died at Theresienstadt in 1944. While Giulia expressed nostalgia for the Vienna that she was forced to flee from at the beginning of the war, Mia instead stated, \"I have no yearning whatsoever for Vienna, could never return. Because of… all the crimes which they carried out with their 'Golden Viennese Hearts.'\" Much of the correspondence during this time also highlights the desperate search for missing family members and friends that took place after the war. Mia, in particular, made frantic attempts to find Boni, an old family friend who had stayed behind in Vienna with Paul, and Ellen Christansen, a childhood friend of Giulia's who was also forced to remain in Vienna. \nExcitement over Giulia Koritschoner's upcoming trip to the United States characterizes many of the post-war letters, as does joy about reconnecting with the family friends that the Hasterlik-Hine family had lost contact with during the war. However, the final portion of the collection contains numerous insights, offering a view into the difficulties that accompanied post-war life in Austria. Supplies were so scarce that \"people had to fetch water in buckets an hour away on foot after having stood in line for an hour\" and had to \"take long walks in the woods to find small pieces of wood to have a little bit of heat.\" Yet, perceptions of the former Axis powers varied dramatically. Mia felt pity for those living in these countries, expressing sadness that individuals were \"starving\" in Vienna while those in the United States were \"suffocating in superabundance.\" Others, however, only expressed contempt for the former Axis powers, even stating that they did not see the point of sending rations and supplies to \"enemies who should starve to death.\"The one consensus among all parties seemed to be the dramatic nature of the occupation of Austria by Allied forces after the war, which was so severe that it seemed as if \"all the nations have sent their soldiers to Vienna.\" However, even in Vienna, life would, eventually, return to normal. \nIn a letter from March of 1946, Boni celebrated the future of Vienna, writing, \"Surely the people will tell you… about Vienna. About ruins and hunger, about cold rooms and deserted streets, about demoralization and despair. All that is also true here. But alongside that are also attractive things. People who want to live well, who certainly feel themselves to be unfortunate, but who are interested in the tragedies and little jokes of the greater evolution of things…\" Reflecting the tenacity, resilience, and hope for the future that characterizes the Hasterlik-Hine collection, Boni's letter exemplifies the sentiments upon which many of the survivors of World War II ultimately constructed their futures. Giulia's letters to childhood friends such as Ellen Christansen and Lisl Urbantschitsch transformed from letters filled with cartoons that complained about teachers to letters that reflected exciting plans for the future. While Giulia discussed her upcoming trip to the United States, Lisl shared her plans to emigrate to California and live with her father. Developing an increased sense of independence throughout the post-war years, Lisl would employ her artistic talent in order to secure a lucrative job making puppets. By 1947, Lisl was living in Paris and enjoying her independence. Giulia's life was, ultimately, one of joy and success as well. On April 21, 1946, she sailed from Paris, France to New York City, finally reuniting with her mother, Mia Hasterlik, from whom she had been separated for eight years. By 1948, Giulia had married Gerald Hine and was pregnant with their first child. Giulia would return to Vienna for a few years with her husband before living out the rest of her life in the United States. She passed away on June 16, 2015, at the age of 90.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll","The Hasterlik-Hine collection consists personal correspondence between Giulia Kortischoner (married name Hine) and her family and friends. The personal correspondence consists of letters, postcards, get-well-soon cards, greeting cards, and a small number of travel documents. The collection contains discussions about the Holocaust, life as a Jewish refugee, and the progress of the war and life afterwards.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Christansen","Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul","English German"],"unitid_tesim":["98.0729","/repositories/10/resources/110"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"collection_title_tesim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"collection_ssim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Christansen","Hasterlik, Paul"],"creator_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Christansen","Hasterlik, Paul"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Christansen"],"creators_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul","Christansen"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945","Jewish refugees--Germany--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--United States","World War, 1939-1945--Africa","World War, 1939-1945--Japan","World War, 1939-1945--Children","World War, 1939-1945--Censorship","World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--United States","United States--Race relations--History--20th century","Protestantism--20th century","Emigration and immigration","United States--Emigration and immigration--History--20th century","Formulas, recipes, etc.","New York World's Fair (1939-1940 : New York, N.Y.)","Burgtheater (Vienna, Austria)","Get-well cards","Children's drawings","Save the Children International Union","Poliomyelitis","Catholicism","Women--Employment--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Western Front","Nuns","Obstetrics","Child rearing in literature","Women--Employment--United States--History--20th century","Rationing","Diphtheria","V-J Day, 1945","Atomic bomb--History--20th century","Naturalization--United States","V-E Day, 1945","Theresienstadt (Concentration camp)","Switzerland--Social life and customs","Austria--History--Allied occupation, 1945-1955","United States--Social life and customs--1945-1970","Concentration Camps","World War, 1939-1945--Underground movements--Greece","Gurs (Concentration camp)","Education--Austria","Europe--Social conditions--20th century","United States--Social conditions--20th century","Africa--Race relations","Nuremberg War Crime Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, 1946-1949","Antisemitism","Infatuation","Kinderhilfswerk","Jews--Austria--Vienna--History","Scarcity","Gynecology","Personal correspondence","Postcards."],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945","Jewish refugees--Germany--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--United States","World War, 1939-1945--Africa","World War, 1939-1945--Japan","World War, 1939-1945--Children","World War, 1939-1945--Censorship","World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--United States","United States--Race relations--History--20th century","Protestantism--20th century","Emigration and immigration","United States--Emigration and immigration--History--20th century","Formulas, recipes, etc.","New York World's Fair (1939-1940 : New York, N.Y.)","Burgtheater (Vienna, Austria)","Get-well cards","Children's drawings","Save the Children International Union","Poliomyelitis","Catholicism","Women--Employment--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Western Front","Nuns","Obstetrics","Child rearing in literature","Women--Employment--United States--History--20th century","Rationing","Diphtheria","V-J Day, 1945","Atomic bomb--History--20th century","Naturalization--United States","V-E Day, 1945","Theresienstadt (Concentration camp)","Switzerland--Social life and customs","Austria--History--Allied occupation, 1945-1955","United States--Social life and customs--1945-1970","Concentration Camps","World War, 1939-1945--Underground movements--Greece","Gurs (Concentration camp)","Education--Austria","Europe--Social conditions--20th century","United States--Social conditions--20th century","Africa--Race relations","Nuremberg War Crime Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, 1946-1949","Antisemitism","Infatuation","Kinderhilfswerk","Jews--Austria--Vienna--History","Scarcity","Gynecology","Personal correspondence","Postcards."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.5 Linear Feet 18 boxes, 13 1LF boxes and 5 .5LF boxes"],"extent_tesim":["15.5 Linear Feet 18 boxes, 13 1LF boxes and 5 .5LF boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Personal correspondence","Postcards."],"date_range_isim":[1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Giulia M. Kortischoner (married Hine) was born in Vienna, Austria on September 30, 1925 and passed away on June 16, 2015 in Boulder, Colorado.  \nOnly thirteen years old when World War II began, Giulia Koritschoner came of age in a time of uncertainty and chaos. Despite the context in which Giulia grew up, however, the letters of the Hasterlik-Hine collection demonstrate the fact that, for those on the home front, daily life often continued on as normal. Indeed, Giulia's correspondence throughout 1942 regularly includes cheerful greeting cards for holidays that are decorated with personalized drawings and beautiful calligraphy. These letters were sent from not only family members but also a vast array of friends and acquaintances that Giulia made throughout the war years. Giulia's letters to and from schoolmates portray scenes of growing up that remained largely unchanged even in times of war. This is particularly evident in Giulia's letters to and from Margaret Wolf, a friend from Schaffhausen who evolved from sending letters complaining about disliked teachers and unbearably boring school lessons to letters that explained her fears about graduating from school and having to enter the workforce. Giulia's own letters mirror this development, as she wrote to her family contemplating a variety of jobs, from a lab technician to a stenographer to a masseuse. Even in the midst of the war, the possibilities for the future seemed endless. \nYet, elements of the war do seep into many of the letters. Discussions of rationing figure prominently in much of Giulia's correspondence, as Ällägg Bechtold, a school friend from Schaffhausen, described how school was let out early in the spring because of a shortage of coal to keep students warm. Margaret Wolf complained that bakeries purposely sold old bread because it was thought that individuals would consume it more slowly than fresh bread. Even the letter that Giulia's school principal sent to her was written not on regular paper but rather on postcards that students were encouraged to fill with holiday greetings and send to soldiers in order to boost their morale. Many of Giulia's letters to and from her family during this time contain anxiety about Giulia's grandfather, Paul Hasterlik, who remained behind in Vienna while the rest of the family escaped. Although attempts were made to organize his passage to the United States, these efforts ultimately proved unsuccessful, and the letters reflect concerns about everything from whether Paul was able to find food to whether he was, in fact, actively being \"tormented.\" Although letters from Paul contained joy about Giulia's recovery from polio and excitement about her prospects for the future, he remained vague in descriptions of his own life, only briefly mentioning that he was forced to move to another apartment in Vienna. \nOther members of Giulia's family struggled during this time as well. Mia Hasterlik's letters outline her difficulties finding suitable employment in New York while living in unpleasant conditions. Perhaps most dramatically, Susi Weiss, Giulia's older sister who moved to Nairobi at the beginning of the war, describes the emotional and physical abuse to which her husband subjected her to and her overwhelming happiness at finally being free of him. This vast array of voices and subject matter reflected in the Hasterlik-Hine collection depict a strange intersection between war and daily life that occurred for those living on the home front during World War II. Ultimately, the collection offers an invaluable glimpse of what it means to come of age in a time of war, highlighting the fears, delights, and amusements that punctuated daily life. \nAs World War II came to an end in 1945, individuals across the globe celebrated the cessation of one of the deadliest conflicts in human history. Yet, for many people, the end of the war did not necessarily mean a return to normal life. The letters of the Hasterlik-Hine Collection provide a nuanced first-hand account of the tumultuous period following the end of the war, chronicling the story of a family that had to cope with not only the loss of family members and friends but also, perhaps most significantly, the loss of a homeland. Letters from Mia Hasterlik to her daughter, Giulia Koritschoner, highlight the joy with which the end of the war was received in the United States, expressing disbelief at the fact that \"this nightmare is really past, that it's over,\" and expressing excitement at a future that was \"spreading more beautiful in front of our eyes.\" Mia described the jubilation with which VE Day (Victory in Europe) and VJ Day (Victory over Japan) were celebrated in New York, where \"all the people [were] happy and drunk and all the soldiers and sailors [were] out of their minds. All the girls got kissed, everybody had lipstick on their faces, thousands of tons of paper, which people had thrown out their windows.\"Underlying the joy of these letters, however, was a lingering sense of sadness and loss. Mia lamented the \"heavy, irreplaceable loss\" of her father, Paul Hasterlik, who died at Theresienstadt in 1944. While Giulia expressed nostalgia for the Vienna that she was forced to flee from at the beginning of the war, Mia instead stated, \"I have no yearning whatsoever for Vienna, could never return. Because of… all the crimes which they carried out with their 'Golden Viennese Hearts.'\" Much of the correspondence during this time also highlights the desperate search for missing family members and friends that took place after the war. Mia, in particular, made frantic attempts to find Boni, an old family friend who had stayed behind in Vienna with Paul, and Ellen Christansen, a childhood friend of Giulia's who was also forced to remain in Vienna. \nExcitement over Giulia Koritschoner's upcoming trip to the United States characterizes many of the post-war letters, as does joy about reconnecting with the family friends that the Hasterlik-Hine family had lost contact with during the war. However, the final portion of the collection contains numerous insights, offering a view into the difficulties that accompanied post-war life in Austria. Supplies were so scarce that \"people had to fetch water in buckets an hour away on foot after having stood in line for an hour\" and had to \"take long walks in the woods to find small pieces of wood to have a little bit of heat.\" Yet, perceptions of the former Axis powers varied dramatically. Mia felt pity for those living in these countries, expressing sadness that individuals were \"starving\" in Vienna while those in the United States were \"suffocating in superabundance.\" Others, however, only expressed contempt for the former Axis powers, even stating that they did not see the point of sending rations and supplies to \"enemies who should starve to death.\"The one consensus among all parties seemed to be the dramatic nature of the occupation of Austria by Allied forces after the war, which was so severe that it seemed as if \"all the nations have sent their soldiers to Vienna.\" However, even in Vienna, life would, eventually, return to normal. \nIn a letter from March of 1946, Boni celebrated the future of Vienna, writing, \"Surely the people will tell you… about Vienna. About ruins and hunger, about cold rooms and deserted streets, about demoralization and despair. All that is also true here. But alongside that are also attractive things. People who want to live well, who certainly feel themselves to be unfortunate, but who are interested in the tragedies and little jokes of the greater evolution of things…\" Reflecting the tenacity, resilience, and hope for the future that characterizes the Hasterlik-Hine collection, Boni's letter exemplifies the sentiments upon which many of the survivors of World War II ultimately constructed their futures. Giulia's letters to childhood friends such as Ellen Christansen and Lisl Urbantschitsch transformed from letters filled with cartoons that complained about teachers to letters that reflected exciting plans for the future. While Giulia discussed her upcoming trip to the United States, Lisl shared her plans to emigrate to California and live with her father. Developing an increased sense of independence throughout the post-war years, Lisl would employ her artistic talent in order to secure a lucrative job making puppets. By 1947, Lisl was living in Paris and enjoying her independence. Giulia's life was, ultimately, one of joy and success as well. On April 21, 1946, she sailed from Paris, France to New York City, finally reuniting with her mother, Mia Hasterlik, from whom she had been separated for eight years. By 1948, Giulia had married Gerald Hine and was pregnant with their first child. Giulia would return to Vienna for a few years with her husband before living out the rest of her life in the United States. She passed away on June 16, 2015, at the age of 90."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Hasterlik-Hine collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0729\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0729\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Hasterlik-Hine collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0729 ."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Link to selected digitized materials from this collection."],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hasterlik-Hine collection consists personal correspondence between Giulia Kortischoner (married name Hine) and her family and friends. The personal correspondence consists of letters, postcards, get-well-soon cards, greeting cards, and a small number of travel documents. The collection contains discussions about the Holocaust, life as a Jewish refugee, and the progress of the war and life afterwards.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Hasterlik-Hine collection consists personal correspondence between Giulia Kortischoner (married name Hine) and her family and friends. The personal correspondence consists of letters, postcards, get-well-soon cards, greeting cards, and a small number of travel documents. The collection contains discussions about the Holocaust, life as a Jewish refugee, and the progress of the war and life afterwards."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Christansen","Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Christansen","Hasterlik, Paul"],"famname_ssim":["Christansen"],"persname_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul"],"language_ssim":["English German"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":169,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:46:35.829Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGiulia M. Kortischoner (married Hine) was born in Vienna, Austria on September 30, 1925 and passed away on June 16, 2015 in Boulder, Colorado. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nOnly thirteen years old when World War II began, Giulia Koritschoner came of age in a time of uncertainty and chaos. Despite the context in which Giulia grew up, however, the letters of the Hasterlik-Hine collection demonstrate the fact that, for those on the home front, daily life often continued on as normal. Indeed, Giulia's correspondence throughout 1942 regularly includes cheerful greeting cards for holidays that are decorated with personalized drawings and beautiful calligraphy. These letters were sent from not only family members but also a vast array of friends and acquaintances that Giulia made throughout the war years. Giulia's letters to and from schoolmates portray scenes of growing up that remained largely unchanged even in times of war. This is particularly evident in Giulia's letters to and from Margaret Wolf, a friend from Schaffhausen who evolved from sending letters complaining about disliked teachers and unbearably boring school lessons to letters that explained her fears about graduating from school and having to enter the workforce. Giulia's own letters mirror this development, as she wrote to her family contemplating a variety of jobs, from a lab technician to a stenographer to a masseuse. Even in the midst of the war, the possibilities for the future seemed endless.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nYet, elements of the war do seep into many of the letters. Discussions of rationing figure prominently in much of Giulia's correspondence, as \u0026#xC4;ll\u0026#xE4;gg Bechtold, a school friend from Schaffhausen, described how school was let out early in the spring because of a shortage of coal to keep students warm. Margaret Wolf complained that bakeries purposely sold old bread because it was thought that individuals would consume it more slowly than fresh bread. Even the letter that Giulia's school principal sent to her was written not on regular paper but rather on postcards that students were encouraged to fill with holiday greetings and send to soldiers in order to boost their morale. Many of Giulia's letters to and from her family during this time contain anxiety about Giulia's grandfather, Paul Hasterlik, who remained behind in Vienna while the rest of the family escaped. Although attempts were made to organize his passage to the United States, these efforts ultimately proved unsuccessful, and the letters reflect concerns about everything from whether Paul was able to find food to whether he was, in fact, actively being \"tormented.\" Although letters from Paul contained joy about Giulia's recovery from polio and excitement about her prospects for the future, he remained vague in descriptions of his own life, only briefly mentioning that he was forced to move to another apartment in Vienna.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nOther members of Giulia's family struggled during this time as well. Mia Hasterlik's letters outline her difficulties finding suitable employment in New York while living in unpleasant conditions. Perhaps most dramatically, Susi Weiss, Giulia's older sister who moved to Nairobi at the beginning of the war, describes the emotional and physical abuse to which her husband subjected her to and her overwhelming happiness at finally being free of him. This vast array of voices and subject matter reflected in the Hasterlik-Hine collection depict a strange intersection between war and daily life that occurred for those living on the home front during World War II. Ultimately, the collection offers an invaluable glimpse of what it means to come of age in a time of war, highlighting the fears, delights, and amusements that punctuated daily life.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAs World War II came to an end in 1945, individuals across the globe celebrated the cessation of one of the deadliest conflicts in human history. Yet, for many people, the end of the war did not necessarily mean a return to normal life. The letters of the Hasterlik-Hine Collection provide a nuanced first-hand account of the tumultuous period following the end of the war, chronicling the story of a family that had to cope with not only the loss of family members and friends but also, perhaps most significantly, the loss of a homeland. Letters from Mia Hasterlik to her daughter, Giulia Koritschoner, highlight the joy with which the end of the war was received in the United States, expressing disbelief at the fact that \"this nightmare is really past, that it's over,\" and expressing excitement at a future that was \"spreading more beautiful in front of our eyes.\" Mia described the jubilation with which VE Day (Victory in Europe) and VJ Day (Victory over Japan) were celebrated in New York, where \"all the people [were] happy and drunk and all the soldiers and sailors [were] out of their minds. All the girls got kissed, everybody had lipstick on their faces, thousands of tons of paper, which people had thrown out their windows.\"Underlying the joy of these letters, however, was a lingering sense of sadness and loss. Mia lamented the \"heavy, irreplaceable loss\" of her father, Paul Hasterlik, who died at Theresienstadt in 1944. While Giulia expressed nostalgia for the Vienna that she was forced to flee from at the beginning of the war, Mia instead stated, \"I have no yearning whatsoever for Vienna, could never return. Because of\u0026#x2026; all the crimes which they carried out with their 'Golden Viennese Hearts.'\" Much of the correspondence during this time also highlights the desperate search for missing family members and friends that took place after the war. Mia, in particular, made frantic attempts to find Boni, an old family friend who had stayed behind in Vienna with Paul, and Ellen Christansen, a childhood friend of Giulia's who was also forced to remain in Vienna.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nExcitement over Giulia Koritschoner's upcoming trip to the United States characterizes many of the post-war letters, as does joy about reconnecting with the family friends that the Hasterlik-Hine family had lost contact with during the war. However, the final portion of the collection contains numerous insights, offering a view into the difficulties that accompanied post-war life in Austria. Supplies were so scarce that \"people had to fetch water in buckets an hour away on foot after having stood in line for an hour\" and had to \"take long walks in the woods to find small pieces of wood to have a little bit of heat.\" Yet, perceptions of the former Axis powers varied dramatically. Mia felt pity for those living in these countries, expressing sadness that individuals were \"starving\" in Vienna while those in the United States were \"suffocating in superabundance.\" Others, however, only expressed contempt for the former Axis powers, even stating that they did not see the point of sending rations and supplies to \"enemies who should starve to death.\"The one consensus among all parties seemed to be the dramatic nature of the occupation of Austria by Allied forces after the war, which was so severe that it seemed as if \"all the nations have sent their soldiers to Vienna.\" However, even in Vienna, life would, eventually, return to normal.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn a letter from March of 1946, Boni celebrated the future of Vienna, writing, \"Surely the people will tell you\u0026#x2026; about Vienna. About ruins and hunger, about cold rooms and deserted streets, about demoralization and despair. All that is also true here. But alongside that are also attractive things. People who want to live well, who certainly feel themselves to be unfortunate, but who are interested in the tragedies and little jokes of the greater evolution of things\u0026#x2026;\" Reflecting the tenacity, resilience, and hope for the future that characterizes the Hasterlik-Hine collection, Boni's letter exemplifies the sentiments upon which many of the survivors of World War II ultimately constructed their futures. Giulia's letters to childhood friends such as Ellen Christansen and Lisl Urbantschitsch transformed from letters filled with cartoons that complained about teachers to letters that reflected exciting plans for the future. While Giulia discussed her upcoming trip to the United States, Lisl shared her plans to emigrate to California and live with her father. Developing an increased sense of independence throughout the post-war years, Lisl would employ her artistic talent in order to secure a lucrative job making puppets. By 1947, Lisl was living in Paris and enjoying her independence. Giulia's life was, ultimately, one of joy and success as well. On April 21, 1946, she sailed from Paris, France to New York City, finally reuniting with her mother, Mia Hasterlik, from whom she had been separated for eight years. By 1948, Giulia had married Gerald Hine and was pregnant with their first child. Giulia would return to Vienna for a few years with her husband before living out the rest of her life in the United States. She passed away on June 16, 2015, at the age of 90.\u003c/p\u003e"]}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378_aspace_a4eac2f30fa76d87afb4ccc753efd3da"}},{"id":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378_aspace_e5bd28715a148350dc5df53ce275b569","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Robert Koritschoner Letters and Documents, 1936-1948","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378_aspace_e5bd28715a148350dc5df53ce275b569#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a copy of Robert Koritschoner's certificate of appreciation from the Selective Service System signed by Franklin D. Roosevelt; correspondence between Robert Koritschoner and scientists, hospitals and various medical organizations; correspondence between Robert and family and acquaintances, especially Heinrich Goldschmidt; CARE receipts for food packages sent to Dora Koritschoner; copies of scientific articles by Robert; and Robert's certificate to work with opiod drugs. Correspondence is mainly with his brother, Hans Koritschoner (later, Cori) or Dorothea Koritschoner, and often discusses Robert's illness later in life. Additionally, this folder contains memos of donation which were given by the Wolff family in remembrance of Robert; a list of persons and organizations in connection with Robert's death; a list of the medical stafff at Menorah Hospital from 1948 in which he is listed as an active staff member.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378_aspace_e5bd28715a148350dc5df53ce275b569#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_e5bd28715a148350dc5df53ce275b569","ref_ssm":["aspace_e5bd28715a148350dc5df53ce275b569","aspace_e5bd28715a148350dc5df53ce275b569"],"id":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378_aspace_e5bd28715a148350dc5df53ce275b569","title_filing_ssi":"Robert Koritschoner Letters and Documents","title_ssm":["Robert Koritschoner Letters and Documents"],"title_tesim":["Robert Koritschoner Letters and Documents"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1936-1948"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1936-1948"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert Koritschoner Letters and Documents, 1936-1948"],"text":["Robert Koritschoner Letters and Documents, 1936-1948","Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04","003","/repositories/10/archival_objects/180880","98.0729 Box 13","folder 003","This folder contains a copy of Robert Koritschoner's certificate of appreciation from the Selective Service System signed by Franklin D. Roosevelt; correspondence between Robert Koritschoner and scientists, hospitals and various medical organizations; correspondence between Robert and family and acquaintances, especially Heinrich Goldschmidt; CARE receipts for food packages sent to Dora Koritschoner; copies of scientific articles by Robert; and Robert's certificate to work with opiod drugs. Correspondence is mainly with his brother, Hans Koritschoner (later, Cori) or Dorothea Koritschoner, and often discusses Robert's illness later in life. Additionally, this folder contains memos of donation which were given by the Wolff family in remembrance of Robert; a list of persons and organizations in connection with Robert's death; a list of the medical stafff at Menorah Hospital from 1948 in which he is listed as an active staff member."],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["003","/repositories/10/archival_objects/180880"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":142,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates."],"date_range_isim":[1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948],"containers_ssim":["98.0729 Box 13","folder 003"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a copy of Robert Koritschoner's certificate of appreciation from the Selective Service System signed by Franklin D. Roosevelt; correspondence between Robert Koritschoner and scientists, hospitals and various medical organizations; correspondence between Robert and family and acquaintances, especially Heinrich Goldschmidt; CARE receipts for food packages sent to Dora Koritschoner; copies of scientific articles by Robert; and Robert's certificate to work with opiod drugs. Correspondence is mainly with his brother, Hans Koritschoner (later, Cori) or Dorothea Koritschoner, and often discusses Robert's illness later in life. Additionally, this folder contains memos of donation which were given by the Wolff family in remembrance of Robert; a list of persons and organizations in connection with Robert's death; a list of the medical stafff at Menorah Hospital from 1948 in which he is listed as an active staff member.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This folder contains a copy of Robert Koritschoner's certificate of appreciation from the Selective Service System signed by Franklin D. Roosevelt; correspondence between Robert Koritschoner and scientists, hospitals and various medical organizations; correspondence between Robert and family and acquaintances, especially Heinrich Goldschmidt; CARE receipts for food packages sent to Dora Koritschoner; copies of scientific articles by Robert; and Robert's certificate to work with opiod drugs. Correspondence is mainly with his brother, Hans Koritschoner (later, Cori) or Dorothea Koritschoner, and often discusses Robert's illness later in life. Additionally, this folder contains memos of donation which were given by the Wolff family in remembrance of Robert; a list of persons and organizations in connection with Robert's death; a list of the medical stafff at Menorah Hospital from 1948 in which he is listed as an active staff member."],"_nest_path_":"/components#141","_nest_parent_":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","_root_":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:46:35.829Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","title_filing_ssi":"Hasterlik-Hine collection","title_ssm":["Hasterlik-Hine collection"],"title_tesim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection"],"ead_ssi":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","unitdate_ssm":["1700-2000","Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1700-2000"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["98.0729","/repositories/10/resources/110"],"text":["98.0729","/repositories/10/resources/110","Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04","World War, 1939-1945","Jewish refugees--Germany--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--United States","World War, 1939-1945--Africa","World War, 1939-1945--Japan","World War, 1939-1945--Children","World War, 1939-1945--Censorship","World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--United States","United States--Race relations--History--20th century","Protestantism--20th century","Emigration and immigration","United States--Emigration and immigration--History--20th century","Formulas, recipes, etc.","New York World's Fair (1939-1940 : New York, N.Y.)","Burgtheater (Vienna, Austria)","Get-well cards","Children's drawings","Save the Children International Union","Poliomyelitis","Catholicism","Women--Employment--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Western Front","Nuns","Obstetrics","Child rearing in literature","Women--Employment--United States--History--20th century","Rationing","Diphtheria","V-J Day, 1945","Atomic bomb--History--20th century","Naturalization--United States","V-E Day, 1945","Theresienstadt (Concentration camp)","Switzerland--Social life and customs","Austria--History--Allied occupation, 1945-1955","United States--Social life and customs--1945-1970","Concentration Camps","World War, 1939-1945--Underground movements--Greece","Gurs (Concentration camp)","Education--Austria","Europe--Social conditions--20th century","United States--Social conditions--20th century","Africa--Race relations","Nuremberg War Crime Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, 1946-1949","Antisemitism","Infatuation","Kinderhilfswerk","Jews--Austria--Vienna--History","Scarcity","Gynecology","Personal correspondence","Postcards.","This collection is open to all researchers.","Giulia M. Kortischoner (married Hine) was born in Vienna, Austria on September 30, 1925 and passed away on June 16, 2015 in Boulder, Colorado.  \nOnly thirteen years old when World War II began, Giulia Koritschoner came of age in a time of uncertainty and chaos. Despite the context in which Giulia grew up, however, the letters of the Hasterlik-Hine collection demonstrate the fact that, for those on the home front, daily life often continued on as normal. Indeed, Giulia's correspondence throughout 1942 regularly includes cheerful greeting cards for holidays that are decorated with personalized drawings and beautiful calligraphy. These letters were sent from not only family members but also a vast array of friends and acquaintances that Giulia made throughout the war years. Giulia's letters to and from schoolmates portray scenes of growing up that remained largely unchanged even in times of war. This is particularly evident in Giulia's letters to and from Margaret Wolf, a friend from Schaffhausen who evolved from sending letters complaining about disliked teachers and unbearably boring school lessons to letters that explained her fears about graduating from school and having to enter the workforce. Giulia's own letters mirror this development, as she wrote to her family contemplating a variety of jobs, from a lab technician to a stenographer to a masseuse. Even in the midst of the war, the possibilities for the future seemed endless. \nYet, elements of the war do seep into many of the letters. Discussions of rationing figure prominently in much of Giulia's correspondence, as Ällägg Bechtold, a school friend from Schaffhausen, described how school was let out early in the spring because of a shortage of coal to keep students warm. Margaret Wolf complained that bakeries purposely sold old bread because it was thought that individuals would consume it more slowly than fresh bread. Even the letter that Giulia's school principal sent to her was written not on regular paper but rather on postcards that students were encouraged to fill with holiday greetings and send to soldiers in order to boost their morale. Many of Giulia's letters to and from her family during this time contain anxiety about Giulia's grandfather, Paul Hasterlik, who remained behind in Vienna while the rest of the family escaped. Although attempts were made to organize his passage to the United States, these efforts ultimately proved unsuccessful, and the letters reflect concerns about everything from whether Paul was able to find food to whether he was, in fact, actively being \"tormented.\" Although letters from Paul contained joy about Giulia's recovery from polio and excitement about her prospects for the future, he remained vague in descriptions of his own life, only briefly mentioning that he was forced to move to another apartment in Vienna. \nOther members of Giulia's family struggled during this time as well. Mia Hasterlik's letters outline her difficulties finding suitable employment in New York while living in unpleasant conditions. Perhaps most dramatically, Susi Weiss, Giulia's older sister who moved to Nairobi at the beginning of the war, describes the emotional and physical abuse to which her husband subjected her to and her overwhelming happiness at finally being free of him. This vast array of voices and subject matter reflected in the Hasterlik-Hine collection depict a strange intersection between war and daily life that occurred for those living on the home front during World War II. Ultimately, the collection offers an invaluable glimpse of what it means to come of age in a time of war, highlighting the fears, delights, and amusements that punctuated daily life. \nAs World War II came to an end in 1945, individuals across the globe celebrated the cessation of one of the deadliest conflicts in human history. Yet, for many people, the end of the war did not necessarily mean a return to normal life. The letters of the Hasterlik-Hine Collection provide a nuanced first-hand account of the tumultuous period following the end of the war, chronicling the story of a family that had to cope with not only the loss of family members and friends but also, perhaps most significantly, the loss of a homeland. Letters from Mia Hasterlik to her daughter, Giulia Koritschoner, highlight the joy with which the end of the war was received in the United States, expressing disbelief at the fact that \"this nightmare is really past, that it's over,\" and expressing excitement at a future that was \"spreading more beautiful in front of our eyes.\" Mia described the jubilation with which VE Day (Victory in Europe) and VJ Day (Victory over Japan) were celebrated in New York, where \"all the people [were] happy and drunk and all the soldiers and sailors [were] out of their minds. All the girls got kissed, everybody had lipstick on their faces, thousands of tons of paper, which people had thrown out their windows.\"Underlying the joy of these letters, however, was a lingering sense of sadness and loss. Mia lamented the \"heavy, irreplaceable loss\" of her father, Paul Hasterlik, who died at Theresienstadt in 1944. While Giulia expressed nostalgia for the Vienna that she was forced to flee from at the beginning of the war, Mia instead stated, \"I have no yearning whatsoever for Vienna, could never return. Because of… all the crimes which they carried out with their 'Golden Viennese Hearts.'\" Much of the correspondence during this time also highlights the desperate search for missing family members and friends that took place after the war. Mia, in particular, made frantic attempts to find Boni, an old family friend who had stayed behind in Vienna with Paul, and Ellen Christansen, a childhood friend of Giulia's who was also forced to remain in Vienna. \nExcitement over Giulia Koritschoner's upcoming trip to the United States characterizes many of the post-war letters, as does joy about reconnecting with the family friends that the Hasterlik-Hine family had lost contact with during the war. However, the final portion of the collection contains numerous insights, offering a view into the difficulties that accompanied post-war life in Austria. Supplies were so scarce that \"people had to fetch water in buckets an hour away on foot after having stood in line for an hour\" and had to \"take long walks in the woods to find small pieces of wood to have a little bit of heat.\" Yet, perceptions of the former Axis powers varied dramatically. Mia felt pity for those living in these countries, expressing sadness that individuals were \"starving\" in Vienna while those in the United States were \"suffocating in superabundance.\" Others, however, only expressed contempt for the former Axis powers, even stating that they did not see the point of sending rations and supplies to \"enemies who should starve to death.\"The one consensus among all parties seemed to be the dramatic nature of the occupation of Austria by Allied forces after the war, which was so severe that it seemed as if \"all the nations have sent their soldiers to Vienna.\" However, even in Vienna, life would, eventually, return to normal. \nIn a letter from March of 1946, Boni celebrated the future of Vienna, writing, \"Surely the people will tell you… about Vienna. About ruins and hunger, about cold rooms and deserted streets, about demoralization and despair. All that is also true here. But alongside that are also attractive things. People who want to live well, who certainly feel themselves to be unfortunate, but who are interested in the tragedies and little jokes of the greater evolution of things…\" Reflecting the tenacity, resilience, and hope for the future that characterizes the Hasterlik-Hine collection, Boni's letter exemplifies the sentiments upon which many of the survivors of World War II ultimately constructed their futures. Giulia's letters to childhood friends such as Ellen Christansen and Lisl Urbantschitsch transformed from letters filled with cartoons that complained about teachers to letters that reflected exciting plans for the future. While Giulia discussed her upcoming trip to the United States, Lisl shared her plans to emigrate to California and live with her father. Developing an increased sense of independence throughout the post-war years, Lisl would employ her artistic talent in order to secure a lucrative job making puppets. By 1947, Lisl was living in Paris and enjoying her independence. Giulia's life was, ultimately, one of joy and success as well. On April 21, 1946, she sailed from Paris, France to New York City, finally reuniting with her mother, Mia Hasterlik, from whom she had been separated for eight years. By 1948, Giulia had married Gerald Hine and was pregnant with their first child. Giulia would return to Vienna for a few years with her husband before living out the rest of her life in the United States. She passed away on June 16, 2015, at the age of 90.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll","The Hasterlik-Hine collection consists personal correspondence between Giulia Kortischoner (married name Hine) and her family and friends. The personal correspondence consists of letters, postcards, get-well-soon cards, greeting cards, and a small number of travel documents. The collection contains discussions about the Holocaust, life as a Jewish refugee, and the progress of the war and life afterwards.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Christansen","Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul","English German"],"unitid_tesim":["98.0729","/repositories/10/resources/110"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"collection_title_tesim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"collection_ssim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Christansen","Hasterlik, Paul"],"creator_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Christansen","Hasterlik, Paul"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Christansen"],"creators_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul","Christansen"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945","Jewish refugees--Germany--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--United States","World War, 1939-1945--Africa","World War, 1939-1945--Japan","World War, 1939-1945--Children","World War, 1939-1945--Censorship","World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--United States","United States--Race relations--History--20th century","Protestantism--20th century","Emigration and immigration","United States--Emigration and immigration--History--20th century","Formulas, recipes, etc.","New York World's Fair (1939-1940 : New York, N.Y.)","Burgtheater (Vienna, Austria)","Get-well cards","Children's drawings","Save the Children International Union","Poliomyelitis","Catholicism","Women--Employment--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Western Front","Nuns","Obstetrics","Child rearing in literature","Women--Employment--United States--History--20th century","Rationing","Diphtheria","V-J Day, 1945","Atomic bomb--History--20th century","Naturalization--United States","V-E Day, 1945","Theresienstadt (Concentration camp)","Switzerland--Social life and customs","Austria--History--Allied occupation, 1945-1955","United States--Social life and customs--1945-1970","Concentration Camps","World War, 1939-1945--Underground movements--Greece","Gurs (Concentration camp)","Education--Austria","Europe--Social conditions--20th century","United States--Social conditions--20th century","Africa--Race relations","Nuremberg War Crime Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, 1946-1949","Antisemitism","Infatuation","Kinderhilfswerk","Jews--Austria--Vienna--History","Scarcity","Gynecology","Personal correspondence","Postcards."],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945","Jewish refugees--Germany--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--United States","World War, 1939-1945--Africa","World War, 1939-1945--Japan","World War, 1939-1945--Children","World War, 1939-1945--Censorship","World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--United States","United States--Race relations--History--20th century","Protestantism--20th century","Emigration and immigration","United States--Emigration and immigration--History--20th century","Formulas, recipes, etc.","New York World's Fair (1939-1940 : New York, N.Y.)","Burgtheater (Vienna, Austria)","Get-well cards","Children's drawings","Save the Children International Union","Poliomyelitis","Catholicism","Women--Employment--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Western Front","Nuns","Obstetrics","Child rearing in literature","Women--Employment--United States--History--20th century","Rationing","Diphtheria","V-J Day, 1945","Atomic bomb--History--20th century","Naturalization--United States","V-E Day, 1945","Theresienstadt (Concentration camp)","Switzerland--Social life and customs","Austria--History--Allied occupation, 1945-1955","United States--Social life and customs--1945-1970","Concentration Camps","World War, 1939-1945--Underground movements--Greece","Gurs (Concentration camp)","Education--Austria","Europe--Social conditions--20th century","United States--Social conditions--20th century","Africa--Race relations","Nuremberg War Crime Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, 1946-1949","Antisemitism","Infatuation","Kinderhilfswerk","Jews--Austria--Vienna--History","Scarcity","Gynecology","Personal correspondence","Postcards."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.5 Linear Feet 18 boxes, 13 1LF boxes and 5 .5LF boxes"],"extent_tesim":["15.5 Linear Feet 18 boxes, 13 1LF boxes and 5 .5LF boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Personal correspondence","Postcards."],"date_range_isim":[1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Giulia M. Kortischoner (married Hine) was born in Vienna, Austria on September 30, 1925 and passed away on June 16, 2015 in Boulder, Colorado.  \nOnly thirteen years old when World War II began, Giulia Koritschoner came of age in a time of uncertainty and chaos. Despite the context in which Giulia grew up, however, the letters of the Hasterlik-Hine collection demonstrate the fact that, for those on the home front, daily life often continued on as normal. Indeed, Giulia's correspondence throughout 1942 regularly includes cheerful greeting cards for holidays that are decorated with personalized drawings and beautiful calligraphy. These letters were sent from not only family members but also a vast array of friends and acquaintances that Giulia made throughout the war years. Giulia's letters to and from schoolmates portray scenes of growing up that remained largely unchanged even in times of war. This is particularly evident in Giulia's letters to and from Margaret Wolf, a friend from Schaffhausen who evolved from sending letters complaining about disliked teachers and unbearably boring school lessons to letters that explained her fears about graduating from school and having to enter the workforce. Giulia's own letters mirror this development, as she wrote to her family contemplating a variety of jobs, from a lab technician to a stenographer to a masseuse. Even in the midst of the war, the possibilities for the future seemed endless. \nYet, elements of the war do seep into many of the letters. Discussions of rationing figure prominently in much of Giulia's correspondence, as Ällägg Bechtold, a school friend from Schaffhausen, described how school was let out early in the spring because of a shortage of coal to keep students warm. Margaret Wolf complained that bakeries purposely sold old bread because it was thought that individuals would consume it more slowly than fresh bread. Even the letter that Giulia's school principal sent to her was written not on regular paper but rather on postcards that students were encouraged to fill with holiday greetings and send to soldiers in order to boost their morale. Many of Giulia's letters to and from her family during this time contain anxiety about Giulia's grandfather, Paul Hasterlik, who remained behind in Vienna while the rest of the family escaped. Although attempts were made to organize his passage to the United States, these efforts ultimately proved unsuccessful, and the letters reflect concerns about everything from whether Paul was able to find food to whether he was, in fact, actively being \"tormented.\" Although letters from Paul contained joy about Giulia's recovery from polio and excitement about her prospects for the future, he remained vague in descriptions of his own life, only briefly mentioning that he was forced to move to another apartment in Vienna. \nOther members of Giulia's family struggled during this time as well. Mia Hasterlik's letters outline her difficulties finding suitable employment in New York while living in unpleasant conditions. Perhaps most dramatically, Susi Weiss, Giulia's older sister who moved to Nairobi at the beginning of the war, describes the emotional and physical abuse to which her husband subjected her to and her overwhelming happiness at finally being free of him. This vast array of voices and subject matter reflected in the Hasterlik-Hine collection depict a strange intersection between war and daily life that occurred for those living on the home front during World War II. Ultimately, the collection offers an invaluable glimpse of what it means to come of age in a time of war, highlighting the fears, delights, and amusements that punctuated daily life. \nAs World War II came to an end in 1945, individuals across the globe celebrated the cessation of one of the deadliest conflicts in human history. Yet, for many people, the end of the war did not necessarily mean a return to normal life. The letters of the Hasterlik-Hine Collection provide a nuanced first-hand account of the tumultuous period following the end of the war, chronicling the story of a family that had to cope with not only the loss of family members and friends but also, perhaps most significantly, the loss of a homeland. Letters from Mia Hasterlik to her daughter, Giulia Koritschoner, highlight the joy with which the end of the war was received in the United States, expressing disbelief at the fact that \"this nightmare is really past, that it's over,\" and expressing excitement at a future that was \"spreading more beautiful in front of our eyes.\" Mia described the jubilation with which VE Day (Victory in Europe) and VJ Day (Victory over Japan) were celebrated in New York, where \"all the people [were] happy and drunk and all the soldiers and sailors [were] out of their minds. All the girls got kissed, everybody had lipstick on their faces, thousands of tons of paper, which people had thrown out their windows.\"Underlying the joy of these letters, however, was a lingering sense of sadness and loss. Mia lamented the \"heavy, irreplaceable loss\" of her father, Paul Hasterlik, who died at Theresienstadt in 1944. While Giulia expressed nostalgia for the Vienna that she was forced to flee from at the beginning of the war, Mia instead stated, \"I have no yearning whatsoever for Vienna, could never return. Because of… all the crimes which they carried out with their 'Golden Viennese Hearts.'\" Much of the correspondence during this time also highlights the desperate search for missing family members and friends that took place after the war. Mia, in particular, made frantic attempts to find Boni, an old family friend who had stayed behind in Vienna with Paul, and Ellen Christansen, a childhood friend of Giulia's who was also forced to remain in Vienna. \nExcitement over Giulia Koritschoner's upcoming trip to the United States characterizes many of the post-war letters, as does joy about reconnecting with the family friends that the Hasterlik-Hine family had lost contact with during the war. However, the final portion of the collection contains numerous insights, offering a view into the difficulties that accompanied post-war life in Austria. Supplies were so scarce that \"people had to fetch water in buckets an hour away on foot after having stood in line for an hour\" and had to \"take long walks in the woods to find small pieces of wood to have a little bit of heat.\" Yet, perceptions of the former Axis powers varied dramatically. Mia felt pity for those living in these countries, expressing sadness that individuals were \"starving\" in Vienna while those in the United States were \"suffocating in superabundance.\" Others, however, only expressed contempt for the former Axis powers, even stating that they did not see the point of sending rations and supplies to \"enemies who should starve to death.\"The one consensus among all parties seemed to be the dramatic nature of the occupation of Austria by Allied forces after the war, which was so severe that it seemed as if \"all the nations have sent their soldiers to Vienna.\" However, even in Vienna, life would, eventually, return to normal. \nIn a letter from March of 1946, Boni celebrated the future of Vienna, writing, \"Surely the people will tell you… about Vienna. About ruins and hunger, about cold rooms and deserted streets, about demoralization and despair. All that is also true here. But alongside that are also attractive things. People who want to live well, who certainly feel themselves to be unfortunate, but who are interested in the tragedies and little jokes of the greater evolution of things…\" Reflecting the tenacity, resilience, and hope for the future that characterizes the Hasterlik-Hine collection, Boni's letter exemplifies the sentiments upon which many of the survivors of World War II ultimately constructed their futures. Giulia's letters to childhood friends such as Ellen Christansen and Lisl Urbantschitsch transformed from letters filled with cartoons that complained about teachers to letters that reflected exciting plans for the future. While Giulia discussed her upcoming trip to the United States, Lisl shared her plans to emigrate to California and live with her father. Developing an increased sense of independence throughout the post-war years, Lisl would employ her artistic talent in order to secure a lucrative job making puppets. By 1947, Lisl was living in Paris and enjoying her independence. Giulia's life was, ultimately, one of joy and success as well. On April 21, 1946, she sailed from Paris, France to New York City, finally reuniting with her mother, Mia Hasterlik, from whom she had been separated for eight years. By 1948, Giulia had married Gerald Hine and was pregnant with their first child. Giulia would return to Vienna for a few years with her husband before living out the rest of her life in the United States. She passed away on June 16, 2015, at the age of 90."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Hasterlik-Hine collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0729\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0729\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Hasterlik-Hine collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0729 ."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Link to selected digitized materials from this collection."],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hasterlik-Hine collection consists personal correspondence between Giulia Kortischoner (married name Hine) and her family and friends. The personal correspondence consists of letters, postcards, get-well-soon cards, greeting cards, and a small number of travel documents. The collection contains discussions about the Holocaust, life as a Jewish refugee, and the progress of the war and life afterwards.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Hasterlik-Hine collection consists personal correspondence between Giulia Kortischoner (married name Hine) and her family and friends. The personal correspondence consists of letters, postcards, get-well-soon cards, greeting cards, and a small number of travel documents. The collection contains discussions about the Holocaust, life as a Jewish refugee, and the progress of the war and life afterwards."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Christansen","Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Christansen","Hasterlik, Paul"],"famname_ssim":["Christansen"],"persname_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul"],"language_ssim":["English German"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":169,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:46:35.829Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGiulia M. Kortischoner (married Hine) was born in Vienna, Austria on September 30, 1925 and passed away on June 16, 2015 in Boulder, Colorado. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nOnly thirteen years old when World War II began, Giulia Koritschoner came of age in a time of uncertainty and chaos. Despite the context in which Giulia grew up, however, the letters of the Hasterlik-Hine collection demonstrate the fact that, for those on the home front, daily life often continued on as normal. Indeed, Giulia's correspondence throughout 1942 regularly includes cheerful greeting cards for holidays that are decorated with personalized drawings and beautiful calligraphy. These letters were sent from not only family members but also a vast array of friends and acquaintances that Giulia made throughout the war years. Giulia's letters to and from schoolmates portray scenes of growing up that remained largely unchanged even in times of war. This is particularly evident in Giulia's letters to and from Margaret Wolf, a friend from Schaffhausen who evolved from sending letters complaining about disliked teachers and unbearably boring school lessons to letters that explained her fears about graduating from school and having to enter the workforce. Giulia's own letters mirror this development, as she wrote to her family contemplating a variety of jobs, from a lab technician to a stenographer to a masseuse. Even in the midst of the war, the possibilities for the future seemed endless.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nYet, elements of the war do seep into many of the letters. Discussions of rationing figure prominently in much of Giulia's correspondence, as \u0026#xC4;ll\u0026#xE4;gg Bechtold, a school friend from Schaffhausen, described how school was let out early in the spring because of a shortage of coal to keep students warm. Margaret Wolf complained that bakeries purposely sold old bread because it was thought that individuals would consume it more slowly than fresh bread. Even the letter that Giulia's school principal sent to her was written not on regular paper but rather on postcards that students were encouraged to fill with holiday greetings and send to soldiers in order to boost their morale. Many of Giulia's letters to and from her family during this time contain anxiety about Giulia's grandfather, Paul Hasterlik, who remained behind in Vienna while the rest of the family escaped. Although attempts were made to organize his passage to the United States, these efforts ultimately proved unsuccessful, and the letters reflect concerns about everything from whether Paul was able to find food to whether he was, in fact, actively being \"tormented.\" Although letters from Paul contained joy about Giulia's recovery from polio and excitement about her prospects for the future, he remained vague in descriptions of his own life, only briefly mentioning that he was forced to move to another apartment in Vienna.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nOther members of Giulia's family struggled during this time as well. Mia Hasterlik's letters outline her difficulties finding suitable employment in New York while living in unpleasant conditions. Perhaps most dramatically, Susi Weiss, Giulia's older sister who moved to Nairobi at the beginning of the war, describes the emotional and physical abuse to which her husband subjected her to and her overwhelming happiness at finally being free of him. This vast array of voices and subject matter reflected in the Hasterlik-Hine collection depict a strange intersection between war and daily life that occurred for those living on the home front during World War II. Ultimately, the collection offers an invaluable glimpse of what it means to come of age in a time of war, highlighting the fears, delights, and amusements that punctuated daily life.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAs World War II came to an end in 1945, individuals across the globe celebrated the cessation of one of the deadliest conflicts in human history. Yet, for many people, the end of the war did not necessarily mean a return to normal life. The letters of the Hasterlik-Hine Collection provide a nuanced first-hand account of the tumultuous period following the end of the war, chronicling the story of a family that had to cope with not only the loss of family members and friends but also, perhaps most significantly, the loss of a homeland. Letters from Mia Hasterlik to her daughter, Giulia Koritschoner, highlight the joy with which the end of the war was received in the United States, expressing disbelief at the fact that \"this nightmare is really past, that it's over,\" and expressing excitement at a future that was \"spreading more beautiful in front of our eyes.\" Mia described the jubilation with which VE Day (Victory in Europe) and VJ Day (Victory over Japan) were celebrated in New York, where \"all the people [were] happy and drunk and all the soldiers and sailors [were] out of their minds. All the girls got kissed, everybody had lipstick on their faces, thousands of tons of paper, which people had thrown out their windows.\"Underlying the joy of these letters, however, was a lingering sense of sadness and loss. Mia lamented the \"heavy, irreplaceable loss\" of her father, Paul Hasterlik, who died at Theresienstadt in 1944. While Giulia expressed nostalgia for the Vienna that she was forced to flee from at the beginning of the war, Mia instead stated, \"I have no yearning whatsoever for Vienna, could never return. Because of\u0026#x2026; all the crimes which they carried out with their 'Golden Viennese Hearts.'\" Much of the correspondence during this time also highlights the desperate search for missing family members and friends that took place after the war. Mia, in particular, made frantic attempts to find Boni, an old family friend who had stayed behind in Vienna with Paul, and Ellen Christansen, a childhood friend of Giulia's who was also forced to remain in Vienna.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nExcitement over Giulia Koritschoner's upcoming trip to the United States characterizes many of the post-war letters, as does joy about reconnecting with the family friends that the Hasterlik-Hine family had lost contact with during the war. However, the final portion of the collection contains numerous insights, offering a view into the difficulties that accompanied post-war life in Austria. Supplies were so scarce that \"people had to fetch water in buckets an hour away on foot after having stood in line for an hour\" and had to \"take long walks in the woods to find small pieces of wood to have a little bit of heat.\" Yet, perceptions of the former Axis powers varied dramatically. Mia felt pity for those living in these countries, expressing sadness that individuals were \"starving\" in Vienna while those in the United States were \"suffocating in superabundance.\" Others, however, only expressed contempt for the former Axis powers, even stating that they did not see the point of sending rations and supplies to \"enemies who should starve to death.\"The one consensus among all parties seemed to be the dramatic nature of the occupation of Austria by Allied forces after the war, which was so severe that it seemed as if \"all the nations have sent their soldiers to Vienna.\" However, even in Vienna, life would, eventually, return to normal.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn a letter from March of 1946, Boni celebrated the future of Vienna, writing, \"Surely the people will tell you\u0026#x2026; about Vienna. About ruins and hunger, about cold rooms and deserted streets, about demoralization and despair. All that is also true here. But alongside that are also attractive things. People who want to live well, who certainly feel themselves to be unfortunate, but who are interested in the tragedies and little jokes of the greater evolution of things\u0026#x2026;\" Reflecting the tenacity, resilience, and hope for the future that characterizes the Hasterlik-Hine collection, Boni's letter exemplifies the sentiments upon which many of the survivors of World War II ultimately constructed their futures. Giulia's letters to childhood friends such as Ellen Christansen and Lisl Urbantschitsch transformed from letters filled with cartoons that complained about teachers to letters that reflected exciting plans for the future. While Giulia discussed her upcoming trip to the United States, Lisl shared her plans to emigrate to California and live with her father. Developing an increased sense of independence throughout the post-war years, Lisl would employ her artistic talent in order to secure a lucrative job making puppets. By 1947, Lisl was living in Paris and enjoying her independence. Giulia's life was, ultimately, one of joy and success as well. On April 21, 1946, she sailed from Paris, France to New York City, finally reuniting with her mother, Mia Hasterlik, from whom she had been separated for eight years. By 1948, Giulia had married Gerald Hine and was pregnant with their first child. Giulia would return to Vienna for a few years with her husband before living out the rest of her life in the United States. She passed away on June 16, 2015, at the age of 90.\u003c/p\u003e"]}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378_aspace_e5bd28715a148350dc5df53ce275b569"}},{"id":"e5b88c8bc129010d6e67c631","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Robert L. and Virginia Butler papers, 1937-1945, Date acquired: 11/02/2017, bulk 1944-1945","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/e5b88c8bc129010d6e67c631#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Butler, Robert L., 1922-2001"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/e5b88c8bc129010d6e67c631#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Corporal Robert L. Butler, who served with the U.S. Army Air Corps in the U.S., and his wife Virginia Butler. This collection contains letters sent between Robert and Virginia while he was training at six different locations from 1944 to 1945. Also included in the collection are letters to Robert from his mother Vedale Butler (née Irwin) and letters to Robert from his brother Charles. The letters are personal but some discuss Robert's daily routine while in training. Virginia's letters mostly discuss her day-to-day routine at home in Michigan and the lives of their friends and family.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/e5b88c8bc129010d6e67c631#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"e5b88c8bc129010d6e67c631","title_filing_ssi":"Butler, Robert L. and Virginia papers","title_ssm":["Robert L. and Virginia Butler papers"],"title_tesim":["Robert L. and Virginia Butler papers"],"ead_ssi":"e5b88c8bc129010d6e67c631","unitdate_ssm":["1937-1945","1944-1945","Date acquired: 11/02/2017"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1944-1945"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1937-1945"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 11/02/2017"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["17.0030","/repositories/10/resources/888"],"text":["17.0030","/repositories/10/resources/888","Robert L. and Virginia Butler papers, 1937-1945, Date acquired: 11/02/2017, bulk 1944-1945","Kalamazoo (Mich.)","Fort Sheridan (Ill.)","Chanute Field (Ill.)","Sheppard Field (Tex.)","Boca Raton Army Air Field (Fla.)","March Air Force Base (Calif.)","Bushnell Army Airfield (Fla.)","Yuma Army Airfield (Ariz.)","World War, 1939-1945--United States","United States. Army--Military life","B-29 (Bomber)","Women--Employment--United States--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--Women","World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American","This collection is open to all researchers.","Arranged chronologically.","Robert L. Butler was born on February 11, 1922. He received basic training at Sheppard Field (later renamed Sheppard Air Force Base) in Texas. After basic, Robert received training in radio mechanics and transmitting at Truax Field in Madison, Wisconsin, a year before the field was officially shut down. He was then moved to Chanute Field in Illinois. In January 1945, Robert was stationed at Boca Raton Army Airfield for five months before moving to Yuma Army Airfield in Arizona. He obtained the rank of corporal in 1945. Robert passed away in March 2001. His brother, Charles Butler, also served during World War II.\n Virginia Butler was born on October 1, 1923. While her husband trained, Virginia stayed home in Michigan and cared for their daughter Linda. For a time, she worked assembling B-29 bombers, but she eventually quit and began working at a department store. She also spent time on the family farm. Virginia passed away on October 25, 2016.\n Sources:\n  FamilySearch, \"Mr. Robert Lee Butler.\" The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QKKV-1D3D (accessed January 31, 2018).  \nKalamazoo Gazette Obituaries, \"Virginia May Butler.\" Legacy.com. http://obits.mlive.com/obituaries/kalamazoo/obituary.aspx?page=lifestory\u0026pid=182287723 (accessed January 31, 2018).","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection relates to Corporal Robert L. Butler, who served with the U.S. Army Air Corps in the U.S., and his wife Virginia Butler. This collection contains letters sent between Robert and Virginia while he was training at six different locations from 1944 to 1945. Also included in the collection are letters to Robert from his mother Vedale Butler (née Irwin) and letters to Robert from his brother Charles. The letters are personal but some discuss Robert's daily routine while in training. Virginia's letters mostly discuss her day-to-day routine at home in Michigan and the lives of their friends and family.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Butler, Robert L., 1922-2001","Butler, Virginia, 1923-2016","Butler, Charles D., 1924-1996","Irwin, Vedale M., 1902-1999","Roosevelt, Franklin D. 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Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Holly Cushman","Donation."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--United States","United States. Army--Military life","B-29 (Bomber)","Women--Employment--United States--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--Women","World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945--United States","United States. 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After basic, Robert received training in radio mechanics and transmitting at Truax Field in Madison, Wisconsin, a year before the field was officially shut down. He was then moved to Chanute Field in Illinois. In January 1945, Robert was stationed at Boca Raton Army Airfield for five months before moving to Yuma Army Airfield in Arizona. He obtained the rank of corporal in 1945. Robert passed away in March 2001. His brother, Charles Butler, also served during World War II.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eVirginia Butler was born on October 1, 1923. While her husband trained, Virginia stayed home in Michigan and cared for their daughter Linda. For a time, she worked assembling B-29 bombers, but she eventually quit and began working at a department store. She also spent time on the family farm. Virginia passed away on October 25, 2016.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSources:\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e FamilySearch, \"Mr. Robert Lee Butler.\" The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QKKV-1D3D (accessed January 31, 2018).\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \nKalamazoo Gazette Obituaries, \"Virginia May Butler.\" Legacy.com. http://obits.mlive.com/obituaries/kalamazoo/obituary.aspx?page=lifestory\u0026amp;pid=182287723 (accessed January 31, 2018).\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert L. Butler was born on February 11, 1922. He received basic training at Sheppard Field (later renamed Sheppard Air Force Base) in Texas. After basic, Robert received training in radio mechanics and transmitting at Truax Field in Madison, Wisconsin, a year before the field was officially shut down. He was then moved to Chanute Field in Illinois. In January 1945, Robert was stationed at Boca Raton Army Airfield for five months before moving to Yuma Army Airfield in Arizona. He obtained the rank of corporal in 1945. Robert passed away in March 2001. His brother, Charles Butler, also served during World War II.\n Virginia Butler was born on October 1, 1923. While her husband trained, Virginia stayed home in Michigan and cared for their daughter Linda. For a time, she worked assembling B-29 bombers, but she eventually quit and began working at a department store. She also spent time on the family farm. Virginia passed away on October 25, 2016.\n Sources:\n  FamilySearch, \"Mr. Robert Lee Butler.\" The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QKKV-1D3D (accessed January 31, 2018).  \nKalamazoo Gazette Obituaries, \"Virginia May Butler.\" Legacy.com. http://obits.mlive.com/obituaries/kalamazoo/obituary.aspx?page=lifestory\u0026pid=182287723 (accessed January 31, 2018)."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Robert L. and Virginia Butler papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_17_0030\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_17_0030\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Robert L. and Virginia Butler papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_17_0030"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Corporal Robert L. Butler, who served with the U.S. Army Air Corps in the U.S., and his wife Virginia Butler. This collection contains letters sent between Robert and Virginia while he was training at six different locations from 1944 to 1945. Also included in the collection are letters to Robert from his mother Vedale Butler (n\u0026#xE9;e Irwin) and letters to Robert from his brother Charles. The letters are personal but some discuss Robert's daily routine while in training. Virginia's letters mostly discuss her day-to-day routine at home in Michigan and the lives of their friends and family.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to Corporal Robert L. Butler, who served with the U.S. Army Air Corps in the U.S., and his wife Virginia Butler. This collection contains letters sent between Robert and Virginia while he was training at six different locations from 1944 to 1945. Also included in the collection are letters to Robert from his mother Vedale Butler (née Irwin) and letters to Robert from his brother Charles. The letters are personal but some discuss Robert's daily routine while in training. Virginia's letters mostly discuss her day-to-day routine at home in Michigan and the lives of their friends and family."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Butler, Robert L., 1922-2001","Butler, Virginia, 1923-2016","Butler, Charles D., 1924-1996","Irwin, Vedale M., 1902-1999","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945"],"persname_ssim":["Butler, Robert L., 1922-2001","Butler, Virginia, 1923-2016","Butler, Charles D., 1924-1996","Irwin, Vedale M., 1902-1999","Roosevelt, Franklin D. 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While her husband trained, Virginia stayed home in Michigan and cared for their daughter Linda. For a time, she worked assembling B-29 bombers, but she eventually quit and began working at a department store. She also spent time on the family farm. Virginia passed away on October 25, 2016.\n Sources:\n  FamilySearch, \"Mr. Robert Lee Butler.\" The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QKKV-1D3D (accessed January 31, 2018).  \nKalamazoo Gazette Obituaries, \"Virginia May Butler.\" Legacy.com. http://obits.mlive.com/obituaries/kalamazoo/obituary.aspx?page=lifestory\u0026pid=182287723 (accessed January 31, 2018).","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection relates to Corporal Robert L. Butler, who served with the U.S. Army Air Corps in the U.S., and his wife Virginia Butler. This collection contains letters sent between Robert and Virginia while he was training at six different locations from 1944 to 1945. Also included in the collection are letters to Robert from his mother Vedale Butler (née Irwin) and letters to Robert from his brother Charles. The letters are personal but some discuss Robert's daily routine while in training. Virginia's letters mostly discuss her day-to-day routine at home in Michigan and the lives of their friends and family.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Butler, Robert L., 1922-2001","Butler, Virginia, 1923-2016","Butler, Charles D., 1924-1996","Irwin, Vedale M., 1902-1999","Roosevelt, Franklin D. 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Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Holly Cushman","Donation."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--United States","United States. Army--Military life","B-29 (Bomber)","Women--Employment--United States--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--Women","World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945--United States","United States. 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After basic, Robert received training in radio mechanics and transmitting at Truax Field in Madison, Wisconsin, a year before the field was officially shut down. He was then moved to Chanute Field in Illinois. In January 1945, Robert was stationed at Boca Raton Army Airfield for five months before moving to Yuma Army Airfield in Arizona. He obtained the rank of corporal in 1945. Robert passed away in March 2001. His brother, Charles Butler, also served during World War II.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eVirginia Butler was born on October 1, 1923. While her husband trained, Virginia stayed home in Michigan and cared for their daughter Linda. For a time, she worked assembling B-29 bombers, but she eventually quit and began working at a department store. She also spent time on the family farm. Virginia passed away on October 25, 2016.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSources:\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e FamilySearch, \"Mr. Robert Lee Butler.\" The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QKKV-1D3D (accessed January 31, 2018).\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \nKalamazoo Gazette Obituaries, \"Virginia May Butler.\" Legacy.com. http://obits.mlive.com/obituaries/kalamazoo/obituary.aspx?page=lifestory\u0026amp;pid=182287723 (accessed January 31, 2018).\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert L. Butler was born on February 11, 1922. He received basic training at Sheppard Field (later renamed Sheppard Air Force Base) in Texas. After basic, Robert received training in radio mechanics and transmitting at Truax Field in Madison, Wisconsin, a year before the field was officially shut down. He was then moved to Chanute Field in Illinois. In January 1945, Robert was stationed at Boca Raton Army Airfield for five months before moving to Yuma Army Airfield in Arizona. He obtained the rank of corporal in 1945. Robert passed away in March 2001. His brother, Charles Butler, also served during World War II.\n Virginia Butler was born on October 1, 1923. While her husband trained, Virginia stayed home in Michigan and cared for their daughter Linda. For a time, she worked assembling B-29 bombers, but she eventually quit and began working at a department store. She also spent time on the family farm. Virginia passed away on October 25, 2016.\n Sources:\n  FamilySearch, \"Mr. Robert Lee Butler.\" The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QKKV-1D3D (accessed January 31, 2018).  \nKalamazoo Gazette Obituaries, \"Virginia May Butler.\" Legacy.com. http://obits.mlive.com/obituaries/kalamazoo/obituary.aspx?page=lifestory\u0026pid=182287723 (accessed January 31, 2018)."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Robert L. and Virginia Butler papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_17_0030\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_17_0030\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Robert L. and Virginia Butler papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_17_0030"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Corporal Robert L. Butler, who served with the U.S. Army Air Corps in the U.S., and his wife Virginia Butler. This collection contains letters sent between Robert and Virginia while he was training at six different locations from 1944 to 1945. Also included in the collection are letters to Robert from his mother Vedale Butler (n\u0026#xE9;e Irwin) and letters to Robert from his brother Charles. The letters are personal but some discuss Robert's daily routine while in training. Virginia's letters mostly discuss her day-to-day routine at home in Michigan and the lives of their friends and family.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to Corporal Robert L. Butler, who served with the U.S. Army Air Corps in the U.S., and his wife Virginia Butler. This collection contains letters sent between Robert and Virginia while he was training at six different locations from 1944 to 1945. Also included in the collection are letters to Robert from his mother Vedale Butler (née Irwin) and letters to Robert from his brother Charles. The letters are personal but some discuss Robert's daily routine while in training. Virginia's letters mostly discuss her day-to-day routine at home in Michigan and the lives of their friends and family."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Butler, Robert L., 1922-2001","Butler, Virginia, 1923-2016","Butler, Charles D., 1924-1996","Irwin, Vedale M., 1902-1999","Roosevelt, Franklin D. 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While her husband trained, Virginia stayed home in Michigan and cared for their daughter Linda. For a time, she worked assembling B-29 bombers, but she eventually quit and began working at a department store. She also spent time on the family farm. Virginia passed away on October 25, 2016.\n Sources:\n  FamilySearch, \"Mr. Robert Lee Butler.\" The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QKKV-1D3D (accessed January 31, 2018).  \nKalamazoo Gazette Obituaries, \"Virginia May Butler.\" Legacy.com. http://obits.mlive.com/obituaries/kalamazoo/obituary.aspx?page=lifestory\u0026pid=182287723 (accessed January 31, 2018).","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection relates to Corporal Robert L. Butler, who served with the U.S. Army Air Corps in the U.S., and his wife Virginia Butler. This collection contains letters sent between Robert and Virginia while he was training at six different locations from 1944 to 1945. Also included in the collection are letters to Robert from his mother Vedale Butler (née Irwin) and letters to Robert from his brother Charles. The letters are personal but some discuss Robert's daily routine while in training. Virginia's letters mostly discuss her day-to-day routine at home in Michigan and the lives of their friends and family.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. 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Virginia passed away on October 25, 2016.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSources:\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e FamilySearch, \"Mr. Robert Lee Butler.\" The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QKKV-1D3D (accessed January 31, 2018).\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \nKalamazoo Gazette Obituaries, \"Virginia May Butler.\" Legacy.com. http://obits.mlive.com/obituaries/kalamazoo/obituary.aspx?page=lifestory\u0026amp;pid=182287723 (accessed January 31, 2018).\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert L. Butler was born on February 11, 1922. He received basic training at Sheppard Field (later renamed Sheppard Air Force Base) in Texas. After basic, Robert received training in radio mechanics and transmitting at Truax Field in Madison, Wisconsin, a year before the field was officially shut down. He was then moved to Chanute Field in Illinois. 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While her husband trained, Virginia stayed home in Michigan and cared for their daughter Linda. For a time, she worked assembling B-29 bombers, but she eventually quit and began working at a department store. She also spent time on the family farm. Virginia passed away on October 25, 2016.\n Sources:\n  FamilySearch, \"Mr. Robert Lee Butler.\" The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QKKV-1D3D (accessed January 31, 2018).  \nKalamazoo Gazette Obituaries, \"Virginia May Butler.\" Legacy.com. http://obits.mlive.com/obituaries/kalamazoo/obituary.aspx?page=lifestory\u0026pid=182287723 (accessed January 31, 2018).","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection relates to Corporal Robert L. Butler, who served with the U.S. Army Air Corps in the U.S., and his wife Virginia Butler. This collection contains letters sent between Robert and Virginia while he was training at six different locations from 1944 to 1945. Also included in the collection are letters to Robert from his mother Vedale Butler (née Irwin) and letters to Robert from his brother Charles. The letters are personal but some discuss Robert's daily routine while in training. Virginia's letters mostly discuss her day-to-day routine at home in Michigan and the lives of their friends and family.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. 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After basic, Robert received training in radio mechanics and transmitting at Truax Field in Madison, Wisconsin, a year before the field was officially shut down. He was then moved to Chanute Field in Illinois. In January 1945, Robert was stationed at Boca Raton Army Airfield for five months before moving to Yuma Army Airfield in Arizona. He obtained the rank of corporal in 1945. Robert passed away in March 2001. His brother, Charles Butler, also served during World War II.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eVirginia Butler was born on October 1, 1923. While her husband trained, Virginia stayed home in Michigan and cared for their daughter Linda. For a time, she worked assembling B-29 bombers, but she eventually quit and began working at a department store. She also spent time on the family farm. Virginia passed away on October 25, 2016.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSources:\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e FamilySearch, \"Mr. Robert Lee Butler.\" The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QKKV-1D3D (accessed January 31, 2018).\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \nKalamazoo Gazette Obituaries, \"Virginia May Butler.\" Legacy.com. http://obits.mlive.com/obituaries/kalamazoo/obituary.aspx?page=lifestory\u0026amp;pid=182287723 (accessed January 31, 2018).\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert L. Butler was born on February 11, 1922. He received basic training at Sheppard Field (later renamed Sheppard Air Force Base) in Texas. After basic, Robert received training in radio mechanics and transmitting at Truax Field in Madison, Wisconsin, a year before the field was officially shut down. He was then moved to Chanute Field in Illinois. In January 1945, Robert was stationed at Boca Raton Army Airfield for five months before moving to Yuma Army Airfield in Arizona. He obtained the rank of corporal in 1945. Robert passed away in March 2001. His brother, Charles Butler, also served during World War II.\n Virginia Butler was born on October 1, 1923. While her husband trained, Virginia stayed home in Michigan and cared for their daughter Linda. For a time, she worked assembling B-29 bombers, but she eventually quit and began working at a department store. She also spent time on the family farm. Virginia passed away on October 25, 2016.\n Sources:\n  FamilySearch, \"Mr. Robert Lee Butler.\" The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QKKV-1D3D (accessed January 31, 2018).  \nKalamazoo Gazette Obituaries, \"Virginia May Butler.\" Legacy.com. http://obits.mlive.com/obituaries/kalamazoo/obituary.aspx?page=lifestory\u0026pid=182287723 (accessed January 31, 2018)."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Robert L. and Virginia Butler papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_17_0030\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_17_0030\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Robert L. and Virginia Butler papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_17_0030"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Corporal Robert L. Butler, who served with the U.S. Army Air Corps in the U.S., and his wife Virginia Butler. This collection contains letters sent between Robert and Virginia while he was training at six different locations from 1944 to 1945. Also included in the collection are letters to Robert from his mother Vedale Butler (n\u0026#xE9;e Irwin) and letters to Robert from his brother Charles. The letters are personal but some discuss Robert's daily routine while in training. Virginia's letters mostly discuss her day-to-day routine at home in Michigan and the lives of their friends and family.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to Corporal Robert L. Butler, who served with the U.S. Army Air Corps in the U.S., and his wife Virginia Butler. This collection contains letters sent between Robert and Virginia while he was training at six different locations from 1944 to 1945. Also included in the collection are letters to Robert from his mother Vedale Butler (née Irwin) and letters to Robert from his brother Charles. The letters are personal but some discuss Robert's daily routine while in training. Virginia's letters mostly discuss her day-to-day routine at home in Michigan and the lives of their friends and family."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Butler, Robert L., 1922-2001","Butler, Virginia, 1923-2016","Butler, Charles D., 1924-1996","Irwin, Vedale M., 1902-1999","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945"],"persname_ssim":["Butler, Robert L., 1922-2001","Butler, Virginia, 1923-2016","Butler, Charles D., 1924-1996","Irwin, Vedale M., 1902-1999","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":13,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"e5b88c8bc129010d6e67c631","timestamp":"2026-04-21T14:22:10.457Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/e5b88c8bc129010d6e67c631_aspace_210383"}},{"id":"e5b88c8bc129010d6e67c631_aspace_210384","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Robert L. Butler Letters to Wife Virginia Butler, November - December 1944","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/e5b88c8bc129010d6e67c631_aspace_210384#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains letters from Robert to Virginia Butler while he trained at Chanute Field in Illinois.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/e5b88c8bc129010d6e67c631_aspace_210384#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_210384","ref_ssm":["aspace_210384","aspace_210384"],"id":"e5b88c8bc129010d6e67c631_aspace_210384","title_filing_ssi":"Robert L. Butler Letters to Wife Virginia Butler","title_ssm":["Robert L. Butler Letters to Wife Virginia Butler"],"title_tesim":["Robert L. 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While her husband trained, Virginia stayed home in Michigan and cared for their daughter Linda. For a time, she worked assembling B-29 bombers, but she eventually quit and began working at a department store. She also spent time on the family farm. Virginia passed away on October 25, 2016.\n Sources:\n  FamilySearch, \"Mr. Robert Lee Butler.\" The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QKKV-1D3D (accessed January 31, 2018).  \nKalamazoo Gazette Obituaries, \"Virginia May Butler.\" Legacy.com. http://obits.mlive.com/obituaries/kalamazoo/obituary.aspx?page=lifestory\u0026pid=182287723 (accessed January 31, 2018).","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection relates to Corporal Robert L. Butler, who served with the U.S. Army Air Corps in the U.S., and his wife Virginia Butler. This collection contains letters sent between Robert and Virginia while he was training at six different locations from 1944 to 1945. Also included in the collection are letters to Robert from his mother Vedale Butler (née Irwin) and letters to Robert from his brother Charles. The letters are personal but some discuss Robert's daily routine while in training. Virginia's letters mostly discuss her day-to-day routine at home in Michigan and the lives of their friends and family.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Butler, Robert L., 1922-2001","Butler, Virginia, 1923-2016","Butler, Charles D., 1924-1996","Irwin, Vedale M., 1902-1999","Roosevelt, Franklin D. 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Virginia passed away on October 25, 2016.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSources:\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e FamilySearch, \"Mr. Robert Lee Butler.\" The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QKKV-1D3D (accessed January 31, 2018).\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \nKalamazoo Gazette Obituaries, \"Virginia May Butler.\" Legacy.com. http://obits.mlive.com/obituaries/kalamazoo/obituary.aspx?page=lifestory\u0026amp;pid=182287723 (accessed January 31, 2018).\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert L. Butler was born on February 11, 1922. He received basic training at Sheppard Field (later renamed Sheppard Air Force Base) in Texas. After basic, Robert received training in radio mechanics and transmitting at Truax Field in Madison, Wisconsin, a year before the field was officially shut down. He was then moved to Chanute Field in Illinois. 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Virginia passed away on October 25, 2016.\n Sources:\n  FamilySearch, \"Mr. Robert Lee Butler.\" The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QKKV-1D3D (accessed January 31, 2018).  \nKalamazoo Gazette Obituaries, \"Virginia May Butler.\" Legacy.com. http://obits.mlive.com/obituaries/kalamazoo/obituary.aspx?page=lifestory\u0026pid=182287723 (accessed January 31, 2018)."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Robert L. and Virginia Butler papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_17_0030\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_17_0030\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Robert L. and Virginia Butler papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_17_0030"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Corporal Robert L. Butler, who served with the U.S. Army Air Corps in the U.S., and his wife Virginia Butler. This collection contains letters sent between Robert and Virginia while he was training at six different locations from 1944 to 1945. Also included in the collection are letters to Robert from his mother Vedale Butler (n\u0026#xE9;e Irwin) and letters to Robert from his brother Charles. The letters are personal but some discuss Robert's daily routine while in training. Virginia's letters mostly discuss her day-to-day routine at home in Michigan and the lives of their friends and family.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to Corporal Robert L. Butler, who served with the U.S. Army Air Corps in the U.S., and his wife Virginia Butler. This collection contains letters sent between Robert and Virginia while he was training at six different locations from 1944 to 1945. 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Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Butler, Robert L., 1922-2001","Butler, Virginia, 1923-2016","Butler, Charles D., 1924-1996","Irwin, Vedale M., 1902-1999","Roosevelt, Franklin D. 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Wilson transcript, 1939-2005, Date acquired: 06/23/2006, bulk 1939-1946","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8e8dd4b7badce927d90bb220#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Wilson, Robert L."],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8e8dd4b7badce927d90bb220#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThe Sergeant Robert L. Wilson transcript describes his experiences as a truck driver in the 63rd Infantry Division in France and Germany during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8e8dd4b7badce927d90bb220#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"8e8dd4b7badce927d90bb220","title_ssm":["Robert L. Wilson transcript"],"title_tesim":["Robert L. Wilson transcript"],"ead_ssi":"8e8dd4b7badce927d90bb220","unitdate_ssm":["1939-2005","1939-1946","Date acquired: 06/23/2006"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1939-1946"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1939-2005"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 06/23/2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["06.0130","/repositories/10/resources/358"],"text":["06.0130","/repositories/10/resources/358","Robert L. Wilson transcript, 1939-2005, Date acquired: 06/23/2006, bulk 1939-1946","Camp Van Dorn (Miss.)","Dachau (Concentration camp)","Siegfried Line (Germany)","Heidelberg (Germany)","Rhine River","Neckar River (Germany)","Camp Breckinridge (Ky.)","Nuremberg War Crime Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, 1946-1949","Oral history","World War, 1939-1945--Prisoners and prisons, German","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Saar River Valley (France and Germany)","Stuttgart (Germany)","Basic training (Military education)","World War, 1939-1945--France--Marseille","This collection is open to all researchers.","Robert L. Wilson was born in Boston, Massachusetts in 1923 and grew up in East Orange, New Jersey. Wilson was attending Duke University when he was drafted in March 1943. He wanted to finish his education, but the draft board gave him no option to stay at Duke. He completed basic training as a supply truck driver at Camp Breckenridge in Kentucky, Camp Blanding in Florida, and Camp Van Dorn in Mississippi. Wilson went overseas on January 1, 1945, on USS Mount Vernon to Marseilles, France to aid the remaining forces at Battle of the Bulge. His unit then broke through the Siegfried Line and then crossed the Rhine River into Germany.\nOnce in Germany Wilson was tasked with moving troops, prisoners of war, and supplies across the country. He was ordered to bring supplies to Dachau where he first saw individuals who had experienced and been impacted by concentration camps. Wilson's unit was broken up, and he was transferred to the 36th Infantry Division and then to the IV Corps Headquarters in Esslingen am Neckar near Stuttgart where he worked as an office clerk. Wilson got to view the Nuremberg War Crime Trials for a day and saw several of the perpetrators. He traveled home in March 1945 and was discharged shortly after as a sergeant. After the war,  he resumed school at Duke University where he earned a Bachelor's degree in History. He met his wife while at school and married soon after. Wilson became an FBI agent and retired in 1978.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","The Sergeant Robert L. Wilson transcript describes his experiences as a truck driver in the 63rd Infantry Division in France and Germany during World War II.","Wilson describes his basic training, the poor leadership among his officers, the backgrounds of his comrades, German civilians, traveling from city to city, losing supplies, the Allied victory, seeing Dachau, the Nuremberg Trials, coming home, and resuming his education at Duke University.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Camp Blanding (Fla.)","United States. Army. Infantry, 63rd","Duke University","United States. Army. Infantry Division, 36th","Mount Vernon (Ship : LSD-39)","Wilson, Robert L.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["06.0130","/repositories/10/resources/358"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1939-2005, Date acquired: 06/23/2006, bulk 1939-1946"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert L. Wilson transcript, 1939-2005, Date acquired: 06/23/2006, bulk 1939-1946"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert L. Wilson transcript, 1939-2005, Date acquired: 06/23/2006, bulk 1939-1946"],"collection_ssim":["Robert L. 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Wilson's unit was broken up, and he was transferred to the 36th Infantry Division and then to the IV Corps Headquarters in Esslingen am Neckar near Stuttgart where he worked as an office clerk. Wilson got to view the Nuremberg War Crime Trials for a day and saw several of the perpetrators. He traveled home in March 1945 and was discharged shortly after as a sergeant. After the war,\u0026#xA0; he resumed school at Duke University where he earned a Bachelor's degree in History. He met his wife while at school and married soon after. Wilson became an FBI agent and retired in 1978.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert L. Wilson was born in Boston, Massachusetts in 1923 and grew up in East Orange, New Jersey. Wilson was attending Duke University when he was drafted in March 1943. He wanted to finish his education, but the draft board gave him no option to stay at Duke. 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After the war,  he resumed school at Duke University where he earned a Bachelor's degree in History. He met his wife while at school and married soon after. Wilson became an FBI agent and retired in 1978."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Robert L. 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Infantry Division, 36th","Mount Vernon (Ship : LSD-39)"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Camp Blanding (Fla.)","United States. Army. Infantry, 63rd","Duke University","United States. Army. Infantry Division, 36th","Mount Vernon (Ship : LSD-39)","Wilson, Robert L."],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Camp Blanding (Fla.)","United States. Army. Infantry, 63rd","Duke University","United States. Army. Infantry Division, 36th","Mount Vernon (Ship : LSD-39)"],"persname_ssim":["Wilson, Robert L."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870858704976347136,"_root_":"8e8dd4b7badce927d90bb220","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:18:16.561Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"8e8dd4b7badce927d90bb220","title_ssm":["Robert L. 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Wilson transcript, 1939-2005, Date acquired: 06/23/2006, bulk 1939-1946","Camp Van Dorn (Miss.)","Dachau (Concentration camp)","Siegfried Line (Germany)","Heidelberg (Germany)","Rhine River","Neckar River (Germany)","Camp Breckinridge (Ky.)","Nuremberg War Crime Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, 1946-1949","Oral history","World War, 1939-1945--Prisoners and prisons, German","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Saar River Valley (France and Germany)","Stuttgart (Germany)","Basic training (Military education)","World War, 1939-1945--France--Marseille","This collection is open to all researchers.","Robert L. Wilson was born in Boston, Massachusetts in 1923 and grew up in East Orange, New Jersey. Wilson was attending Duke University when he was drafted in March 1943. He wanted to finish his education, but the draft board gave him no option to stay at Duke. He completed basic training as a supply truck driver at Camp Breckenridge in Kentucky, Camp Blanding in Florida, and Camp Van Dorn in Mississippi. Wilson went overseas on January 1, 1945, on USS Mount Vernon to Marseilles, France to aid the remaining forces at Battle of the Bulge. His unit then broke through the Siegfried Line and then crossed the Rhine River into Germany.\nOnce in Germany Wilson was tasked with moving troops, prisoners of war, and supplies across the country. He was ordered to bring supplies to Dachau where he first saw individuals who had experienced and been impacted by concentration camps. Wilson's unit was broken up, and he was transferred to the 36th Infantry Division and then to the IV Corps Headquarters in Esslingen am Neckar near Stuttgart where he worked as an office clerk. Wilson got to view the Nuremberg War Crime Trials for a day and saw several of the perpetrators. He traveled home in March 1945 and was discharged shortly after as a sergeant. After the war,  he resumed school at Duke University where he earned a Bachelor's degree in History. He met his wife while at school and married soon after. Wilson became an FBI agent and retired in 1978.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","The Sergeant Robert L. Wilson transcript describes his experiences as a truck driver in the 63rd Infantry Division in France and Germany during World War II.","Wilson describes his basic training, the poor leadership among his officers, the backgrounds of his comrades, German civilians, traveling from city to city, losing supplies, the Allied victory, seeing Dachau, the Nuremberg Trials, coming home, and resuming his education at Duke University.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Camp Blanding (Fla.)","United States. Army. Infantry, 63rd","Duke University","United States. Army. Infantry Division, 36th","Mount Vernon (Ship : LSD-39)","Wilson, Robert L.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["06.0130","/repositories/10/resources/358"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1939-2005, Date acquired: 06/23/2006, bulk 1939-1946"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert L. Wilson transcript, 1939-2005, Date acquired: 06/23/2006, bulk 1939-1946"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert L. Wilson transcript, 1939-2005, Date acquired: 06/23/2006, bulk 1939-1946"],"collection_ssim":["Robert L. 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The transcript covers McKay's experiences before, during, and after internment.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/71cda6865c7a971ab457de49#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"71cda6865c7a971ab457de49","title_ssm":["Robert McKay transcript"],"title_tesim":["Robert McKay transcript"],"ead_ssi":"71cda6865c7a971ab457de49","unitdate_ssm":["1941-2007","1941-1945","Date acquired: 02/12/2007"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1941-1945"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1941-2007"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 02/12/2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["07.0020","/repositories/10/resources/752"],"text":["07.0020","/repositories/10/resources/752","Robert McKay transcript, 1941-2007, Date acquired: 02/12/2007, bulk 1941-1945","Camp Holmes Internment Camp (Baguio, Philippines)","John Hay Internment Camp (Baguio, Philippines)","Lingayen Gulf (Philippines)","Manila (Philippines)","Philippines--History--Japanese occupation, 1942-1945","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Philippines--Luzon","World War, 1939-1945--Philippines","Bataan Death March, Philippines, 1942","Dysentery","Prisoners of war--Asia","World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives","World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American","World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects","Propaganda, Japanese","Baseball.","Oral history","This collection is open to all researchers.","Robert McKay was born on June 18, 1923 and the son of a miner living in the Philippines before World War II began. McKay attended the Episcopal Brent School in Baguio as a boarding student, as did many American children in the Philippines and surrounding Pacific at that time. Leading up to the Japanese invasion of the Philippines, many of these boarding students went home or to the United States, but McKay remained in Baguio and was subsequently separated from his family for the duration of World War II. The Japanese began attacking the Philippines on the morning of December 8, 1941, and took Baguio on December 27. McKay, along with other Brent students and teachers, and hundreds of the Allied civilians of Baguio, gathered at Brent School to surrender to the Japanese on December 28. They were initially interned at the nearby Camp John Hay, but later moved to Camp Holmes where they spent most of their internment.\n While interned at Camp Holmes, McKay was \"adopted\" by John and Zella Barrett, and dated their daughter Irene. He completed his high school education in the camp-built school and received a graduation diploma. While not in school, he was part of the Wood Crew, which was one of the many camp chore crews that the internees developed. As a member of the Wood Crew, he was able to leave the camp on a daily basis to chop wood, and while out, he could trade extra clothing for store credit to purchase food from the local Filipinos. To entertain himself, he played Cribbage with other internees. Internees also played baseball, sometimes against the Japanese guards. McKay mentioned that one Japanese commandant, Rokuro Tomibe, was instrumental in getting the camp their only Red Cross care packages in time for Christmas 1943. After Christmas of 1944, the Japanese moved the internees from Baguio to Old Bilibid Prison in Manila. They were then liberated by American forces on February 4, 1945. During the aftermath of liberation, McKay and a friend of his hitched a ride around Manila on one of the American tanks to give them directions through the city. He was then selected in the first lottery to send civilians home to the United States.\n McKay reunited with his family in San Francisco in April 1945. He was able to transition into college despite having been interned for three years. He believed his life was not greatly affected by his internment and recognized that the civilian internees were relatively comfortable in comparison to American Prisoners of War imprisoned by the Japanese.","Note written by Gillian Morton","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This forty page oral history interview transcript relates to Robert Mckay who was a student and interned by the Japanese at Baguio in the Philippine Islands during World War II.  The interview was conducted with McKay at a Baguio Internee reunion. The transcript covers McKay's experiences before, during, and after internment.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. 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