{"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=4","prev":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=3","next":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=5","last":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=366"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":4,"next_page":5,"prev_page":3,"total_pages":366,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":30,"total_count":3656,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e_aspace_e02445ecbd4ced8cbc69a7b0c0e19381","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"\"3rd Bn, 7th Marines\", 1944","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/93843f695abc3ff145923e4e_aspace_e02445ecbd4ced8cbc69a7b0c0e19381#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains Third Battalion, Seventh Marines Journal: Incidents, Messages, Orders, Etc. (Day and Time), United States Naval Forces Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sixth Task Fleet, a declassified War Diary, and handwritten transcriptions of interviews with Willie Nudcols and Billie Driver,\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/93843f695abc3ff145923e4e_aspace_e02445ecbd4ced8cbc69a7b0c0e19381#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_e02445ecbd4ced8cbc69a7b0c0e19381","ref_ssm":["aspace_e02445ecbd4ced8cbc69a7b0c0e19381","aspace_e02445ecbd4ced8cbc69a7b0c0e19381"],"id":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e_aspace_e02445ecbd4ced8cbc69a7b0c0e19381","title_filing_ssi":"\"3rd Bn, 7th Marines\"","title_ssm":["\"3rd Bn, 7th Marines\""],"title_tesim":["\"3rd Bn, 7th Marines\""],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1944"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1944"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"3rd Bn, 7th Marines\", 1944"],"text":["\"3rd Bn, 7th Marines\", 1944","Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19","007","/repositories/10/archival_objects/179525","18.0033 - Box 5","folder 007","This folder contains Third Battalion, Seventh Marines Journal: Incidents, Messages, Orders, Etc. (Day and Time), United States Naval Forces Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sixth Task Fleet, a declassified War Diary, and handwritten transcriptions of interviews with Willie Nudcols and Billie Driver,"],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["93843f695abc3ff145923e4e"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["007","/repositories/10/archival_objects/179525"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":33,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"date_range_isim":[1944],"containers_ssim":["18.0033 - Box 5","folder 007"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains Third Battalion, Seventh Marines Journal: Incidents, Messages, Orders, Etc. (Day and Time), United States Naval Forces Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sixth Task Fleet, a declassified War Diary, and handwritten transcriptions of interviews with Willie Nudcols and Billie Driver,\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This folder contains Third Battalion, Seventh Marines Journal: Incidents, Messages, Orders, Etc. (Day and Time), United States Naval Forces Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sixth Task Fleet, a declassified War Diary, and handwritten transcriptions of interviews with Willie Nudcols and Billie Driver,"],"_nest_path_":"/components#32","_nest_parent_":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e","_root_":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e","timestamp":"2026-07-11T04:18:23.323Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e","title_filing_ssi":"Carl Lyren Peleliu Collection","title_ssm":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection"],"title_tesim":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection"],"ead_ssi":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e","unitdate_ssm":["1944-1998","Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1944-1998"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["18.0033","/repositories/10/resources/1492"],"text":["18.0033","/repositories/10/resources/1492","Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19","Peleliu, Battle of, Palau, 1944","World War, 1939-1945","Battle casualties","Marines","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Disvision, 1st","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Division, 1st","United States. Marine Corps--History--20th century","United States. Marine Corps--Military life","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 14th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th. Battalion, 1st.","United States. Marine Fighter Squadron, 214th--History.","Japan--History, Military","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Division, 5th","This collection is open to all researchers.","Born on November 4, 1925, U.S. Marine Marine Corps Sergeant Carl Lyren first served in the Asiatic-Pacific theater during World War II from 1943-1946 with Company C, 2nd Amtrac (Amphibious tractor) Battalion, 2nd Marine Division. He served on Saipan and Iheyajima, and survived a Japanese Kamikaze attack on LST 884 off Okinawa on April 1, 1945. He reenlisted in the Corps during the Korean Conflict from 1950-1952. He studied at the University of Indiana, and graduated from the University of Chicago in 1954 with a Master's degree in International Relations. Carl Lyren was a writer all his life, and was employed at many major advertising agencies in Chicago and New York, also specializing in food writing and authoring several cookbooks. Also among his publications include French Cooking for the American Table (with Rene Verdon), 365 Ways to Cook Chicken, and Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944. Lyren passed away on June 12, 2003.","\nProvided by Patricia Byrne Lyren, edited by Laran Dixon.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection relates to Carl Lyren who served in the United States Marine Corps in 2nd Marine Division the Pacific Theater. The materials of this collection are made up of maps, unclassified documents from both Japanese and U.S. forces, books, letters, interviews with veterans, photographs, newspaper clippings, and personal notes made by Carl Lyren in his research in writing on the battle of Peleliu, also in this collection is the  original manuscript of the publication Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003","English"],"unitid_tesim":["18.0033","/repositories/10/resources/1492"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"collection_ssim":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Peleliu, Battle of, Palau, 1944"],"geogname_ssim":["Peleliu, Battle of, Palau, 1944"],"creator_ssm":["Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"creator_ssim":["Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"creators_ssim":["Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"places_ssim":["Peleliu, Battle of, Palau, 1944"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945","Battle casualties","Marines","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Disvision, 1st","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Division, 1st","United States. Marine Corps--History--20th century","United States. Marine Corps--Military life","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 14th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th. Battalion, 1st.","United States. Marine Fighter Squadron, 214th--History.","Japan--History, Military","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Division, 5th"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945","Battle casualties","Marines","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Disvision, 1st","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Division, 1st","United States. Marine Corps--History--20th century","United States. Marine Corps--Military life","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 14th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th. Battalion, 1st.","United States. Marine Fighter Squadron, 214th--History.","Japan--History, Military","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Division, 5th"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.5 Linear Feet","3 folders Nine Legal-sized standard boxes (one containing a smaller box with photographs and four books), and three oversize folders located in oversize box 11."],"extent_tesim":["4.5 Linear Feet","3 folders Nine Legal-sized standard boxes (one containing a smaller box with photographs and four books), and three oversize folders located in oversize box 11."],"date_range_isim":[1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn on November 4, 1925, U.S. Marine Marine Corps Sergeant Carl Lyren first served in the Asiatic-Pacific theater during World War II from 1943-1946 with Company C, 2nd Amtrac (Amphibious tractor) Battalion, 2nd Marine Division. He served on Saipan and Iheyajima, and survived a Japanese Kamikaze attack on LST 884 off Okinawa on April 1, 1945. He reenlisted in the Corps during the Korean Conflict from 1950-1952. He studied at the University of Indiana, and graduated from the University of Chicago in 1954 with a Master's degree in International Relations. Carl Lyren was a writer all his life, and was employed at many major advertising agencies in Chicago and New York, also specializing in food writing and authoring several cookbooks. Also among his publications include French Cooking for the American Table (with Rene Verdon), 365 Ways to Cook Chicken, and Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944. Lyren passed away on June 12, 2003.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nProvided by Patricia Byrne Lyren, edited by Laran Dixon.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born on November 4, 1925, U.S. Marine Marine Corps Sergeant Carl Lyren first served in the Asiatic-Pacific theater during World War II from 1943-1946 with Company C, 2nd Amtrac (Amphibious tractor) Battalion, 2nd Marine Division. He served on Saipan and Iheyajima, and survived a Japanese Kamikaze attack on LST 884 off Okinawa on April 1, 1945. He reenlisted in the Corps during the Korean Conflict from 1950-1952. He studied at the University of Indiana, and graduated from the University of Chicago in 1954 with a Master's degree in International Relations. Carl Lyren was a writer all his life, and was employed at many major advertising agencies in Chicago and New York, also specializing in food writing and authoring several cookbooks. Also among his publications include French Cooking for the American Table (with Rene Verdon), 365 Ways to Cook Chicken, and Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944. Lyren passed away on June 12, 2003.","\nProvided by Patricia Byrne Lyren, edited by Laran Dixon."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_18_0033\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_18_0033\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_18_0033"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Carl Lyren who served in the United States Marine Corps in 2nd Marine Division the Pacific Theater. The materials of this collection are made up of maps, unclassified documents from both Japanese and U.S. forces, books, letters, interviews with veterans, photographs, newspaper clippings, and personal notes made by Carl Lyren in his research in writing on the battle of Peleliu, also in this collection is the  original manuscript of the publication Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to Carl Lyren who served in the United States Marine Corps in 2nd Marine Division the Pacific Theater. The materials of this collection are made up of maps, unclassified documents from both Japanese and U.S. forces, books, letters, interviews with veterans, photographs, newspaper clippings, and personal notes made by Carl Lyren in his research in writing on the battle of Peleliu, also in this collection is the  original manuscript of the publication Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":69,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e","timestamp":"2026-07-11T04:18:23.323Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/93843f695abc3ff145923e4e_aspace_e02445ecbd4ced8cbc69a7b0c0e19381"}},{"id":"5500fdde41498d66fc4946d1_aspace_212810","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"460th Bomb Group Aerial Photographs, April 1944 - April 1945","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5500fdde41498d66fc4946d1_aspace_212810#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003ePhotographs are divided into groups based on date. Includes: April 1944; May-June 1944; August 1944; September 1944; November 1944; February - April 1945; and Undated photographs. Each individual photograph is labelled with the date and location depicted.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5500fdde41498d66fc4946d1_aspace_212810#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_212810","ref_ssm":["aspace_212810","aspace_212810"],"id":"5500fdde41498d66fc4946d1_aspace_212810","title_filing_ssi":"460th Bomb Group Aerial Photographs","title_ssm":["460th Bomb Group Aerial Photographs"],"title_tesim":["460th Bomb Group Aerial Photographs"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["April 1944 - April 1945"],"normalized_date_ssm":["April 1944 - April 1945"],"normalized_title_ssm":["460th Bomb Group Aerial Photographs, April 1944 - April 1945"],"text":["460th Bomb Group Aerial Photographs, April 1944 - April 1945","460th Heavy Bombardment Group Society papers, 1943-2015, Date acquired: 02/07/2015","016","/repositories/10/archival_objects/43673","01.0046 - Box 31","folder 016","Photographs are divided into groups based on date. Includes: April 1944; May-June 1944; August 1944; September 1944; November 1944; February - April 1945; and Undated photographs. Each individual photograph is labelled with the date and location depicted."],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["5500fdde41498d66fc4946d1"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["460th Heavy Bombardment Group Society papers, 1943-2015, Date acquired: 02/07/2015"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["460th Heavy Bombardment Group Society papers, 1943-2015, Date acquired: 02/07/2015"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["016","/repositories/10/archival_objects/43673"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["460th Heavy Bombardment Group Society papers, 1943-2015, Date acquired: 02/07/2015"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":193,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"date_range_isim":[1944,1945],"containers_ssim":["01.0046 - Box 31","folder 016"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePhotographs are divided into groups based on date. Includes: April 1944; May-June 1944; August 1944; September 1944; November 1944; February - April 1945; and Undated photographs. Each individual photograph is labelled with the date and location depicted.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Photographs are divided into groups based on date. Includes: April 1944; May-June 1944; August 1944; September 1944; November 1944; February - April 1945; and Undated photographs. Each individual photograph is labelled with the date and location depicted."],"_nest_path_":"/components#192","_nest_parent_":"5500fdde41498d66fc4946d1","_root_":"5500fdde41498d66fc4946d1","_version_":1875295911299514368,"timestamp":"2026-09-03T07:45:46.264Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"5500fdde41498d66fc4946d1","title_ssm":["460th Heavy Bombardment Group Society papers"],"title_tesim":["460th Heavy Bombardment Group Society papers"],"ead_ssi":"5500fdde41498d66fc4946d1","unitdate_ssm":["1943-2015","Date acquired: 02/07/2015"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1943-2015"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 02/07/2015"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["01.0046","/repositories/10/resources/353"],"text":["01.0046","/repositories/10/resources/353","460th Heavy Bombardment Group Society papers, 1943-2015, Date acquired: 02/07/2015","Spinazzola (Italy)","Yugoslavia.","Romania","Switzerland.","Tirol (Austria)","Pécs (Hungary)","Budapest (Hungary)","Blechhammer (Concentration camp)","Czechoslovakia","Terre Haute (Ind.)","Vienna (Austria)","World War, 1939-1945","B-24 (Bomber)","World War II Remembrance Group","Prisoners of war","Ordnance, Air force","United States. Army Air Forces--Military life","World War, 1939-1945--Great Britain","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations, American","Stars and stripes","United States--Armed Forces--Uniforms","Nazi propaganda","Stalag Luft IV","This collection is open to all researchers.","Creators' arranged.","The collection was assembled by Duane and Betty Bohnstedt, who conducted extensive research on the 460th Bombardment Group by contacting its members and traveling to original station sites. Duane (\"Sparky\") was part of the 460th, a B-24 group, which was part of the 55th Wing, Fifteenth Air Force, stationed in Spinazzola, Italy, from February 1943 until May 1945. Duane was 19 when he joined and served with ordnance.","Duane and Betty Bohnstedt combined their skills and experiences to thoroughly preserve the history of the 460th. Duane has a degree in Art and Betty was an experienced writer. Together they became historians and archivists of their own collection. They published a history of the 460th, along with editing and publishing a newsletter for the 460th Bomb Group Society.","Note written by Jordan Bolan","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","The collection of the 460th Heavy Bombardment Group Society contains a unit history of this B-24 U.S. Army Air Corps Group, 55th Wing, 760th, 761st, 762nd, 763rd Squadrons and Group Headquarters, which served in the Italian Campaign. This collection primarily focuses on the memory of the war and those who served in the 460th. Included is a listing of the airmen who were held as prisoners of war, including their squadrons, positions on the plane (e.g. pilot, gunner), the date, mission, and what country or stalag in which they were held. Also included is a booklet, \"Remembering the 460th Bomb Group (H),\" which contains photographs, personnel lists, and maps, and was prepared as a gift from Duane and Betty Bohnstedt to their members. There are mission lists, target details, flight records, and crew searches. The collection includes issues of the society's veterans' association magazine, \"Black Panther\" from mid-1990 to their final issue, December 2005.","Additionally, there are copies of diaries, personal files, memoirs, and wartime letters assembled and sent to Bohnstedt by various crew members. An oral history of Bohnstedt is included. Correspondence is included with members that gave to his collection, as well as his accounts of personal research and travel while assembling this collection.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","Claude Pepper Library","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Group (H), 460th","United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 15th","Germany. Luftwaffe","Great Britain. Royal Air Force.","Bohnstedt, Duane","Bohnstedt, Betty","Schwartz, John G., 1917-2003","English"],"unitid_tesim":["01.0046","/repositories/10/resources/353"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1943-2015, Date acquired: 02/07/2015"],"normalized_title_ssm":["460th Heavy Bombardment Group Society papers, 1943-2015, Date acquired: 02/07/2015"],"collection_title_tesim":["460th Heavy Bombardment Group Society papers, 1943-2015, Date acquired: 02/07/2015"],"collection_ssim":["460th Heavy Bombardment Group Society papers, 1943-2015, Date acquired: 02/07/2015"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Spinazzola (Italy)","Yugoslavia.","Romania","Switzerland.","Tirol (Austria)","Pécs (Hungary)","Budapest (Hungary)","Blechhammer (Concentration camp)","Czechoslovakia","Terre Haute (Ind.)","Vienna (Austria)"],"geogname_ssim":["Spinazzola (Italy)","Yugoslavia.","Romania","Switzerland.","Tirol (Austria)","Pécs (Hungary)","Budapest (Hungary)","Blechhammer (Concentration camp)","Czechoslovakia","Terre Haute (Ind.)","Vienna (Austria)"],"creator_ssm":["Bohnstedt, Duane","Bohnstedt, Betty","Schwartz, John G., 1917-2003"],"creator_ssim":["Bohnstedt, Duane","Bohnstedt, Betty","Schwartz, John G., 1917-2003"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Schwartz, John G., 1917-2003"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Bohnstedt, Duane","Bohnstedt, Betty"],"creators_ssim":["Schwartz, John G., 1917-2003","Bohnstedt, Duane","Bohnstedt, Betty"],"places_ssim":["Spinazzola (Italy)","Yugoslavia.","Romania","Switzerland.","Tirol (Austria)","Pécs (Hungary)","Budapest (Hungary)","Blechhammer (Concentration camp)","Czechoslovakia","Terre Haute (Ind.)","Vienna (Austria)"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Duane and Betty Bohnstedt","Donation"],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945","B-24 (Bomber)","World War II Remembrance Group","Prisoners of war","Ordnance, Air force","United States. Army Air Forces--Military life","World War, 1939-1945--Great Britain","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations, American","Stars and stripes","United States--Armed Forces--Uniforms","Nazi propaganda","Stalag Luft IV"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945","B-24 (Bomber)","World War II Remembrance Group","Prisoners of war","Ordnance, Air force","United States. Army Air Forces--Military life","World War, 1939-1945--Great Britain","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations, American","Stars and stripes","United States--Armed Forces--Uniforms","Nazi propaganda","Stalag Luft IV"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["41 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["41 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCreators' arranged.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["Creators' arranged."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was assembled by Duane and Betty Bohnstedt, who conducted extensive research on the 460th Bombardment Group by contacting its members and traveling to original station sites. Duane (\"Sparky\") was part of the 460th, a B-24 group, which was part of the 55th Wing, Fifteenth Air Force, stationed in Spinazzola, Italy, from February 1943 until May 1945. Duane was 19 when he joined and served with ordnance.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDuane and Betty Bohnstedt combined their skills and experiences to thoroughly preserve the history of the 460th. Duane has a degree in Art and Betty was an experienced writer. Together they became historians and archivists of their own collection. They published a history of the 460th, along with editing and publishing a newsletter for the 460th Bomb Group Society.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Jordan Bolan\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The collection was assembled by Duane and Betty Bohnstedt, who conducted extensive research on the 460th Bombardment Group by contacting its members and traveling to original station sites. Duane (\"Sparky\") was part of the 460th, a B-24 group, which was part of the 55th Wing, Fifteenth Air Force, stationed in Spinazzola, Italy, from February 1943 until May 1945. Duane was 19 when he joined and served with ordnance.","Duane and Betty Bohnstedt combined their skills and experiences to thoroughly preserve the history of the 460th. Duane has a degree in Art and Betty was an experienced writer. Together they became historians and archivists of their own collection. They published a history of the 460th, along with editing and publishing a newsletter for the 460th Bomb Group Society.","Note written by Jordan Bolan"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], 460th Heavy Bombardment Group Society papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_01_0046\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_01_0046\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], 460th Heavy Bombardment Group Society papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_01_0046 ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection of the 460th Heavy Bombardment Group Society contains a unit history of this B-24 U.S. Army Air Corps Group, 55th Wing, 760th, 761st, 762nd, 763rd Squadrons and Group Headquarters, which served in the Italian Campaign. This collection primarily focuses on the memory of the war and those who served in the 460th. Included is a listing of the airmen who were held as prisoners of war, including their squadrons, positions on the plane (e.g. pilot, gunner), the date, mission, and what country or stalag in which they were held. Also included is a booklet, \"Remembering the 460th Bomb Group (H),\" which contains photographs, personnel lists, and maps, and was prepared as a gift from Duane and Betty Bohnstedt to their members. There are mission lists, target details, flight records, and crew searches. The collection includes issues of the society's veterans' association magazine, \"Black Panther\" from mid-1990 to their final issue, December 2005.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAdditionally, there are copies of diaries, personal files, memoirs, and wartime letters assembled and sent to Bohnstedt by various crew members. An oral history of Bohnstedt is included. Correspondence is included with members that gave to his collection, as well as his accounts of personal research and travel while assembling this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection of the 460th Heavy Bombardment Group Society contains a unit history of this B-24 U.S. Army Air Corps Group, 55th Wing, 760th, 761st, 762nd, 763rd Squadrons and Group Headquarters, which served in the Italian Campaign. This collection primarily focuses on the memory of the war and those who served in the 460th. Included is a listing of the airmen who were held as prisoners of war, including their squadrons, positions on the plane (e.g. pilot, gunner), the date, mission, and what country or stalag in which they were held. Also included is a booklet, \"Remembering the 460th Bomb Group (H),\" which contains photographs, personnel lists, and maps, and was prepared as a gift from Duane and Betty Bohnstedt to their members. There are mission lists, target details, flight records, and crew searches. The collection includes issues of the society's veterans' association magazine, \"Black Panther\" from mid-1990 to their final issue, December 2005.","Additionally, there are copies of diaries, personal files, memoirs, and wartime letters assembled and sent to Bohnstedt by various crew members. An oral history of Bohnstedt is included. Correspondence is included with members that gave to his collection, as well as his accounts of personal research and travel while assembling this collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_e6da208691d4ff964bb3e8a2b5fd52c9\"\u003eClaude Pepper Library\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Claude Pepper Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Group (H), 460th","United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 15th","Germany. Luftwaffe","Great Britain. Royal Air Force."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Group (H), 460th","United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 15th","Germany. Luftwaffe","Great Britain. Royal Air Force.","Bohnstedt, Duane","Bohnstedt, Betty","Schwartz, John G., 1917-2003"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Group (H), 460th","United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 15th","Germany. Luftwaffe","Great Britain. Royal Air Force."],"famname_ssim":["Bohnstedt, Duane","Bohnstedt, Betty"],"persname_ssim":["Schwartz, John G., 1917-2003"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":345,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1875295911299514368,"_root_":"5500fdde41498d66fc4946d1","timestamp":"2026-09-03T07:45:46.264Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5500fdde41498d66fc4946d1_aspace_212810"}},{"id":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537_aspace_222083","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"484th Bomb Group Statistical Summary, May 1944-May 1945","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/480e46a504f2fba6b1588537_aspace_222083#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eCollection of data by the Statistical Section for the period during which the unit was at its most active.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/480e46a504f2fba6b1588537_aspace_222083#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_222083","ref_ssm":["aspace_222083","aspace_222083"],"id":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537_aspace_222083","title_filing_ssi":"484th Bomb Group Statistical Summary","title_ssm":["484th Bomb Group Statistical Summary"],"title_tesim":["484th Bomb Group Statistical Summary"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["May 1944-May 1945"],"normalized_date_ssm":["May 1944-May 1945"],"normalized_title_ssm":["484th Bomb Group Statistical Summary, May 1944-May 1945"],"text":["484th Bomb Group Statistical Summary, May 1944-May 1945","484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998","002","/repositories/10/archival_objects/34308","02.0047 - Box 6","folder 002","Collection of data by the Statistical Section for the period during which the unit was at its most active."],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["480e46a504f2fba6b1588537"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["002","/repositories/10/archival_objects/34308"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":127,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"date_range_isim":[1944,1945],"containers_ssim":["02.0047 - Box 6","folder 002"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection of data by the Statistical Section for the period during which the unit was at its most active.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection of data by the Statistical Section for the period during which the unit was at its most active."],"_nest_path_":"/components#126","_nest_parent_":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537","_root_":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537","timestamp":"2026-07-10T05:44:27.461Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537","title_filing_ssi":"484th Bombardment Group Association papers","title_ssm":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers"],"title_tesim":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers"],"ead_ssi":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537","unitdate_ssm":["1939-1998"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1939-1998"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["02.0047","/repositories/10/resources/197"],"text":["02.0047","/repositories/10/resources/197","484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998","Foggia (Italy)","B-24 (Bomber)","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Yugoslavia","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","This collection is open to all researchers.","Constituted as 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) on September 14, 1943, the group officially activated on September 20th. Trained for combat with B-24 Liberator heavy bombers, the group transferred to Torretto Airfield in Italy during March and April 1944. Torretta airfield (also known as Cerignola #3) served as a semi-permanent heavy bomber airfield located approximately 14km (9 miles) southwest of Cerignola in Apulia, Italy.  This airbase would eventually form part of the Foggia Airfield Complex.  Assigned to Fifteenth Air Force, the group was redesignated the 484th Bombardment Group (Pathfinder) in May 1944 but did not perform pathfinder functions. Again, redesignated 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) in November 1944, the group operated primarily as a strategic bombardment organization through to April 1945.\n The group attacked targets such as oil refineries, oil storage plants, aircraft factories, heavy industry, and communications in Italy, France, Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Rumania, and Yugoslavia. On June 13, 1944, a heavy smoke screen prevented the group from bombing marshaling yards at Munich. In spite of severe damage from German flak and fighters, and despite heavy gunfire encountered at the alternate target, the group bombed marshaling yards at Innsbruck and received a Distinguished Unit Citation (DUC) for its persistent action. The group received a second DUC for performance on August 22, 1944, when, unescorted, the organization fought its way through an intense opposition to attack underground oil storage installations in Vienna. In addition to strategic missions, the 484th supported the allied ground drive toward Rome by bombing bridges, supply dumps, viaducts, and marshaling yards from April to June 1944. Furthermore, the group ferried gasoline and oil to Allied forces in southern France during September 1944 and supported the final advance through northern Italy.  Moved to Casablanca in May 1945, the group was assigned to Air Transport Command and subsequently deactivated in French Morocco on July 25, 1945. Squadrons assigned to the group included the 824th, 825th, 826th, and 827th. Stations assigned for the group during the war included Harvard AAF,  Nebraska from September 20, 1943, to March 2, 1944; Torretta AAF, Italy from April 1944-May 1945; and Casablanca, French Morocco, from May 25 to July 25, 1945. The assigned commanders included Colonel William B Keese from October 1943 to April 1945 and Lieutenant Colonel Chester C. Busch from April 1945 to deactivation","History of  The Torretta Flyer  newsletter:","Bud Markel wrote the history of the 484th Bomb Group and preserved it in  The Torretta Flyer.  He and his wife Bea organized the first reunion of the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups in May of 1981.  In December of 1981, the 461st and 484th Bomb Groups Association were incorporated in the state of California as a non-profit corporation. Starting with a newsletter bulletin to keep early members up to date on the fledgling organization, the name  The Torretta Flyer  was first applied to newsletter number 4. In 1992 the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups formed their own separate associations. Bud was the president of the 484th BG Association and the editor of  The Torretta Flyer  until the association was disbanded in 2001.  An excellent writer, photographer, aviation historian, and organizer, Bud published  The Torretta Flyer  twice yearly for 20 years.  With the help of Bea, he also organized and hosted annual reunions for the association.  The Torretta Flyer  evolved from a mimeographed newsletter into a fine glossy magazine filled with photographs, data compiled from official sources, letters and stories written by members, and scholarly contributions from writers in the historical aviation field.  When the 484th BG Association was disbanded, Bud and Bea donated 50 1200 page bound two-volume sets of  The Torretta Flyer  to various libraries and museums around the country.  Bud Markel flew 35 combat missions as a B-24 engineer between January and May of 1945.  He was employed as an A\u0026P mechanic for United Airlines in Los Angeles from 1948 until retirement.  He was especially proud of the 484th BG Association scholarship fund which was originally conceived as a living memorial to the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups.  Through this fund, the association donated $53,000 to deserving high school students from the area around Cerignola, Italy.  The Torretta Flyer  is copyright © 484th Bomb Group Association","Link to The Torretta Flyer newsletter index:  http://www.484th.org/Torretta%20Flyer/Torretta%20Flyer.htm","Source:","\"484th Bombardment Group (H).\" www.484th.org. Accessed June 8, 2018. http://www.484th.org/.","Note written by Dick Olson, 484th Bombardment Group Association Historian","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","Link to official website of the 484th Bombardment Group Association:   http://www.484th.org/ . This website is also included in an  Internet Archive web collection  for the World War II Archives. ","The Internet Archive collection includes the website for the 461st Bombardment Group (H).","This collection relates to the 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) that was assigned to the 15th Air Force and based in Torretta, Italy as a component of the Foggia Airfield Complex during World War II and assigned B-24 Liberator heavy bombers.  The materials contained in this collection were subsequently assembled during the post-war period by the 484th Bombardment Group Association.  The collection contains official reports, data sheets, statistics, newspapers, Missing Air Crew Reports, personal histories, photographs, and unit histories.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","Claude Pepper Library","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","484th Bombardment Group Association","United States. Army Air Forces, Bombardment Group (H), 484th","English"],"unitid_tesim":["02.0047","/repositories/10/resources/197"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1939-1998"],"normalized_title_ssm":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"collection_title_tesim":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"collection_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Foggia (Italy)"],"geogname_ssim":["Foggia (Italy)"],"creator_ssm":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"creator_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"creators_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"places_ssim":["Foggia (Italy)"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"access_subjects_ssim":["B-24 (Bomber)","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Yugoslavia","World War, 1939-1945--Austria"],"access_subjects_ssm":["B-24 (Bomber)","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Yugoslavia","World War, 1939-1945--Austria"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["17 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["17 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConstituted as 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) on September 14, 1943, the group officially activated on September 20th. Trained for combat with B-24 Liberator heavy bombers, the group transferred to Torretto Airfield in Italy during March and April 1944. Torretta airfield (also known as Cerignola #3) served as a semi-permanent heavy bomber airfield located approximately 14km (9 miles) southwest of Cerignola in Apulia, Italy.\u0026#xA0; This airbase would eventually form part of the Foggia Airfield Complex.\u0026#xA0; Assigned to Fifteenth Air Force, the group was redesignated the 484th Bombardment Group (Pathfinder) in May 1944 but did not perform pathfinder functions. Again, redesignated 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) in November 1944, the group operated primarily as a strategic bombardment organization through to April 1945.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe group attacked targets such as oil refineries, oil storage plants, aircraft factories, heavy industry, and communications in Italy, France, Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Rumania, and Yugoslavia. On June 13, 1944, a heavy smoke screen prevented the group from bombing marshaling yards at Munich. In spite of severe damage from German flak and fighters, and despite heavy gunfire encountered at the alternate target, the group bombed marshaling yards at Innsbruck and received a Distinguished Unit Citation (DUC) for its persistent action. The group received a second DUC for performance on August 22, 1944, when, unescorted, the organization fought its way through an intense opposition to attack underground oil storage installations in Vienna. In addition to strategic missions, the 484th supported the allied ground drive toward Rome by bombing bridges, supply dumps, viaducts, and marshaling yards from April to June 1944. Furthermore, the group ferried gasoline and oil to Allied forces in southern France during September 1944 and supported the final advance through northern Italy.\u0026#xA0; Moved to Casablanca in May 1945, the group was assigned to Air Transport Command and subsequently deactivated in French Morocco on July 25, 1945. Squadrons assigned to the group included the 824th, 825th, 826th, and 827th. Stations assigned for the group during the war included Harvard AAF,\u0026#xA0; Nebraska from September 20, 1943, to March 2, 1944; Torretta AAF, Italy from April 1944-May 1945; and Casablanca, French Morocco, from May 25 to July 25, 1945. The assigned commanders included Colonel William B Keese from October 1943 to April 1945 and Lieutenant Colonel Chester C. Busch from April 1945 to deactivation\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eHistory of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e newsletter:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBud Markel wrote the history of the 484th Bomb Group and preserved it in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer.\u003c/emph\u003e He and his wife Bea organized the first reunion of the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups in May of 1981.\u0026#xA0; In December of 1981, the 461st and 484th Bomb Groups Association were incorporated in the state of California as a non-profit corporation. Starting with a newsletter bulletin to keep early members up to date on the fledgling organization, the name \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e was first applied to newsletter number 4. In 1992 the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups formed their own separate associations. Bud was the president of the 484th BG Association and the editor of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e until the association was disbanded in 2001.\u0026#xA0; An excellent writer, photographer, aviation historian, and organizer, Bud published \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e twice yearly for 20 years.\u0026#xA0; With the help of Bea, he also organized and hosted annual reunions for the association. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e evolved from a mimeographed newsletter into a fine glossy magazine filled with photographs, data compiled from official sources, letters and stories written by members, and scholarly contributions from writers in the historical aviation field.\u0026#xA0; When the 484th BG Association was disbanded, Bud and Bea donated 50 1200 page bound two-volume sets of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e to various libraries and museums around the country.\u0026#xA0; Bud Markel flew 35 combat missions as a B-24 engineer between January and May of 1945.\u0026#xA0; He was employed as an A\u0026amp;P mechanic for United Airlines in Los Angeles from 1948 until retirement.\u0026#xA0; He was especially proud of the 484th BG Association scholarship fund which was originally conceived as a living memorial to the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups.\u0026#xA0; Through this fund, the association donated $53,000 to deserving high school students from the area around Cerignola, Italy. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e is copyright \u0026#xA9; 484th Bomb Group Association\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLink to The Torretta Flyer newsletter index: \u003cextref href=\"http://www.484th.org/Torretta%20Flyer/Torretta%20Flyer.htm\"\u003ehttp://www.484th.org/Torretta%20Flyer/Torretta%20Flyer.htm\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSource:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\"484th Bombardment Group (H).\" www.484th.org. Accessed June 8, 2018. http://www.484th.org/.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eNote written by Dick Olson, 484th Bombardment Group Association Historian\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Constituted as 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) on September 14, 1943, the group officially activated on September 20th. Trained for combat with B-24 Liberator heavy bombers, the group transferred to Torretto Airfield in Italy during March and April 1944. Torretta airfield (also known as Cerignola #3) served as a semi-permanent heavy bomber airfield located approximately 14km (9 miles) southwest of Cerignola in Apulia, Italy.  This airbase would eventually form part of the Foggia Airfield Complex.  Assigned to Fifteenth Air Force, the group was redesignated the 484th Bombardment Group (Pathfinder) in May 1944 but did not perform pathfinder functions. Again, redesignated 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) in November 1944, the group operated primarily as a strategic bombardment organization through to April 1945.\n The group attacked targets such as oil refineries, oil storage plants, aircraft factories, heavy industry, and communications in Italy, France, Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Rumania, and Yugoslavia. On June 13, 1944, a heavy smoke screen prevented the group from bombing marshaling yards at Munich. In spite of severe damage from German flak and fighters, and despite heavy gunfire encountered at the alternate target, the group bombed marshaling yards at Innsbruck and received a Distinguished Unit Citation (DUC) for its persistent action. The group received a second DUC for performance on August 22, 1944, when, unescorted, the organization fought its way through an intense opposition to attack underground oil storage installations in Vienna. In addition to strategic missions, the 484th supported the allied ground drive toward Rome by bombing bridges, supply dumps, viaducts, and marshaling yards from April to June 1944. Furthermore, the group ferried gasoline and oil to Allied forces in southern France during September 1944 and supported the final advance through northern Italy.  Moved to Casablanca in May 1945, the group was assigned to Air Transport Command and subsequently deactivated in French Morocco on July 25, 1945. Squadrons assigned to the group included the 824th, 825th, 826th, and 827th. Stations assigned for the group during the war included Harvard AAF,  Nebraska from September 20, 1943, to March 2, 1944; Torretta AAF, Italy from April 1944-May 1945; and Casablanca, French Morocco, from May 25 to July 25, 1945. The assigned commanders included Colonel William B Keese from October 1943 to April 1945 and Lieutenant Colonel Chester C. Busch from April 1945 to deactivation","History of  The Torretta Flyer  newsletter:","Bud Markel wrote the history of the 484th Bomb Group and preserved it in  The Torretta Flyer.  He and his wife Bea organized the first reunion of the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups in May of 1981.  In December of 1981, the 461st and 484th Bomb Groups Association were incorporated in the state of California as a non-profit corporation. Starting with a newsletter bulletin to keep early members up to date on the fledgling organization, the name  The Torretta Flyer  was first applied to newsletter number 4. In 1992 the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups formed their own separate associations. Bud was the president of the 484th BG Association and the editor of  The Torretta Flyer  until the association was disbanded in 2001.  An excellent writer, photographer, aviation historian, and organizer, Bud published  The Torretta Flyer  twice yearly for 20 years.  With the help of Bea, he also organized and hosted annual reunions for the association.  The Torretta Flyer  evolved from a mimeographed newsletter into a fine glossy magazine filled with photographs, data compiled from official sources, letters and stories written by members, and scholarly contributions from writers in the historical aviation field.  When the 484th BG Association was disbanded, Bud and Bea donated 50 1200 page bound two-volume sets of  The Torretta Flyer  to various libraries and museums around the country.  Bud Markel flew 35 combat missions as a B-24 engineer between January and May of 1945.  He was employed as an A\u0026P mechanic for United Airlines in Los Angeles from 1948 until retirement.  He was especially proud of the 484th BG Association scholarship fund which was originally conceived as a living memorial to the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups.  Through this fund, the association donated $53,000 to deserving high school students from the area around Cerignola, Italy.  The Torretta Flyer  is copyright © 484th Bomb Group Association","Link to The Torretta Flyer newsletter index:  http://www.484th.org/Torretta%20Flyer/Torretta%20Flyer.htm","Source:","\"484th Bombardment Group (H).\" www.484th.org. Accessed June 8, 2018. http://www.484th.org/.","Note written by Dick Olson, 484th Bombardment Group Association Historian"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], 484th Bombardment Group Association papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_02_0047\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_02_0047\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], 484th Bombardment Group Association papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_02_0047 ."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLink to official website of the 484th Bombardment Group Association:\u0026#xA0; \u003cextref href=\"http://www.484th.org/\"\u003ehttp://www.484th.org/\u003c/extref\u003e. This website is also included in an \u003cextref href=\"https://archive-it.org/collections/10115\"\u003eInternet Archive web collection\u003c/extref\u003e for the World War II Archives. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Internet Archive collection includes the website for the 461st Bombardment Group (H).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials - Related Publications"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Link to official website of the 484th Bombardment Group Association:   http://www.484th.org/ . This website is also included in an  Internet Archive web collection  for the World War II Archives. ","The Internet Archive collection includes the website for the 461st Bombardment Group (H)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to the 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) that was assigned to the 15th Air Force and based in Torretta, Italy as a component of the Foggia Airfield Complex during World War II and assigned B-24 Liberator heavy bombers.\u0026#xA0; The materials contained in this collection were subsequently assembled during the post-war period by the 484th Bombardment Group Association.\u0026#xA0; The collection contains official reports, data sheets, statistics, newspapers, Missing Air Crew Reports, personal histories, photographs, and unit histories.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to the 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) that was assigned to the 15th Air Force and based in Torretta, Italy as a component of the Foggia Airfield Complex during World War II and assigned B-24 Liberator heavy bombers.  The materials contained in this collection were subsequently assembled during the post-war period by the 484th Bombardment Group Association.  The collection contains official reports, data sheets, statistics, newspapers, Missing Air Crew Reports, personal histories, photographs, and unit histories."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_dc95db454fe0ad060bd914009fe90431\"\u003eClaude Pepper Library\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Claude Pepper Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association","United States. Army Air Forces, Bombardment Group (H), 484th"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","484th Bombardment Group Association","United States. Army Air Forces, Bombardment Group (H), 484th"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","484th Bombardment Group Association","United States. Army Air Forces, Bombardment Group (H), 484th"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":315,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537","timestamp":"2026-07-10T05:44:27.461Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/480e46a504f2fba6b1588537_aspace_222083"}},{"id":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537_aspace_222069","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"49th Bombardment Wing (1 of 2), December 1944-January 1945","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/480e46a504f2fba6b1588537_aspace_222069#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis and the following folders are the microfilm reel printouts of the monthly histories of the 49th wing.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/480e46a504f2fba6b1588537_aspace_222069#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_222069","ref_ssm":["aspace_222069","aspace_222069"],"id":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537_aspace_222069","title_filing_ssi":"49th Bombardment Wing (1 of 2)","title_ssm":["49th Bombardment Wing (1 of 2)"],"title_tesim":["49th Bombardment Wing (1 of 2)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["December 1944-January 1945"],"normalized_date_ssm":["December 1944-January 1945"],"normalized_title_ssm":["49th Bombardment Wing (1 of 2), December 1944-January 1945"],"text":["49th Bombardment Wing (1 of 2), December 1944-January 1945","484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998","005","/repositories/10/archival_objects/34295","02.0047 - Box 5","folder 005","This and the following folders are the microfilm reel printouts of the monthly histories of the 49th wing."],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["480e46a504f2fba6b1588537"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["005","/repositories/10/archival_objects/34295"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":114,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"date_range_isim":[1944,1945],"containers_ssim":["02.0047 - Box 5","folder 005"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis and the following folders are the microfilm reel printouts of the monthly histories of the 49th wing.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This and the following folders are the microfilm reel printouts of the monthly histories of the 49th wing."],"_nest_path_":"/components#113","_nest_parent_":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537","_root_":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537","timestamp":"2026-07-10T05:44:27.461Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537","title_filing_ssi":"484th Bombardment Group Association papers","title_ssm":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers"],"title_tesim":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers"],"ead_ssi":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537","unitdate_ssm":["1939-1998"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1939-1998"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["02.0047","/repositories/10/resources/197"],"text":["02.0047","/repositories/10/resources/197","484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998","Foggia (Italy)","B-24 (Bomber)","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Yugoslavia","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","This collection is open to all researchers.","Constituted as 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) on September 14, 1943, the group officially activated on September 20th. Trained for combat with B-24 Liberator heavy bombers, the group transferred to Torretto Airfield in Italy during March and April 1944. Torretta airfield (also known as Cerignola #3) served as a semi-permanent heavy bomber airfield located approximately 14km (9 miles) southwest of Cerignola in Apulia, Italy.  This airbase would eventually form part of the Foggia Airfield Complex.  Assigned to Fifteenth Air Force, the group was redesignated the 484th Bombardment Group (Pathfinder) in May 1944 but did not perform pathfinder functions. Again, redesignated 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) in November 1944, the group operated primarily as a strategic bombardment organization through to April 1945.\n The group attacked targets such as oil refineries, oil storage plants, aircraft factories, heavy industry, and communications in Italy, France, Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Rumania, and Yugoslavia. On June 13, 1944, a heavy smoke screen prevented the group from bombing marshaling yards at Munich. In spite of severe damage from German flak and fighters, and despite heavy gunfire encountered at the alternate target, the group bombed marshaling yards at Innsbruck and received a Distinguished Unit Citation (DUC) for its persistent action. The group received a second DUC for performance on August 22, 1944, when, unescorted, the organization fought its way through an intense opposition to attack underground oil storage installations in Vienna. In addition to strategic missions, the 484th supported the allied ground drive toward Rome by bombing bridges, supply dumps, viaducts, and marshaling yards from April to June 1944. Furthermore, the group ferried gasoline and oil to Allied forces in southern France during September 1944 and supported the final advance through northern Italy.  Moved to Casablanca in May 1945, the group was assigned to Air Transport Command and subsequently deactivated in French Morocco on July 25, 1945. Squadrons assigned to the group included the 824th, 825th, 826th, and 827th. Stations assigned for the group during the war included Harvard AAF,  Nebraska from September 20, 1943, to March 2, 1944; Torretta AAF, Italy from April 1944-May 1945; and Casablanca, French Morocco, from May 25 to July 25, 1945. The assigned commanders included Colonel William B Keese from October 1943 to April 1945 and Lieutenant Colonel Chester C. Busch from April 1945 to deactivation","History of  The Torretta Flyer  newsletter:","Bud Markel wrote the history of the 484th Bomb Group and preserved it in  The Torretta Flyer.  He and his wife Bea organized the first reunion of the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups in May of 1981.  In December of 1981, the 461st and 484th Bomb Groups Association were incorporated in the state of California as a non-profit corporation. Starting with a newsletter bulletin to keep early members up to date on the fledgling organization, the name  The Torretta Flyer  was first applied to newsletter number 4. In 1992 the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups formed their own separate associations. Bud was the president of the 484th BG Association and the editor of  The Torretta Flyer  until the association was disbanded in 2001.  An excellent writer, photographer, aviation historian, and organizer, Bud published  The Torretta Flyer  twice yearly for 20 years.  With the help of Bea, he also organized and hosted annual reunions for the association.  The Torretta Flyer  evolved from a mimeographed newsletter into a fine glossy magazine filled with photographs, data compiled from official sources, letters and stories written by members, and scholarly contributions from writers in the historical aviation field.  When the 484th BG Association was disbanded, Bud and Bea donated 50 1200 page bound two-volume sets of  The Torretta Flyer  to various libraries and museums around the country.  Bud Markel flew 35 combat missions as a B-24 engineer between January and May of 1945.  He was employed as an A\u0026P mechanic for United Airlines in Los Angeles from 1948 until retirement.  He was especially proud of the 484th BG Association scholarship fund which was originally conceived as a living memorial to the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups.  Through this fund, the association donated $53,000 to deserving high school students from the area around Cerignola, Italy.  The Torretta Flyer  is copyright © 484th Bomb Group Association","Link to The Torretta Flyer newsletter index:  http://www.484th.org/Torretta%20Flyer/Torretta%20Flyer.htm","Source:","\"484th Bombardment Group (H).\" www.484th.org. Accessed June 8, 2018. http://www.484th.org/.","Note written by Dick Olson, 484th Bombardment Group Association Historian","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","Link to official website of the 484th Bombardment Group Association:   http://www.484th.org/ . This website is also included in an  Internet Archive web collection  for the World War II Archives. ","The Internet Archive collection includes the website for the 461st Bombardment Group (H).","This collection relates to the 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) that was assigned to the 15th Air Force and based in Torretta, Italy as a component of the Foggia Airfield Complex during World War II and assigned B-24 Liberator heavy bombers.  The materials contained in this collection were subsequently assembled during the post-war period by the 484th Bombardment Group Association.  The collection contains official reports, data sheets, statistics, newspapers, Missing Air Crew Reports, personal histories, photographs, and unit histories.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","Claude Pepper Library","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","484th Bombardment Group Association","United States. Army Air Forces, Bombardment Group (H), 484th","English"],"unitid_tesim":["02.0047","/repositories/10/resources/197"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1939-1998"],"normalized_title_ssm":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"collection_title_tesim":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"collection_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Foggia (Italy)"],"geogname_ssim":["Foggia (Italy)"],"creator_ssm":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"creator_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"creators_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"places_ssim":["Foggia (Italy)"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"access_subjects_ssim":["B-24 (Bomber)","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Yugoslavia","World War, 1939-1945--Austria"],"access_subjects_ssm":["B-24 (Bomber)","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Yugoslavia","World War, 1939-1945--Austria"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["17 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["17 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConstituted as 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) on September 14, 1943, the group officially activated on September 20th. Trained for combat with B-24 Liberator heavy bombers, the group transferred to Torretto Airfield in Italy during March and April 1944. Torretta airfield (also known as Cerignola #3) served as a semi-permanent heavy bomber airfield located approximately 14km (9 miles) southwest of Cerignola in Apulia, Italy.\u0026#xA0; This airbase would eventually form part of the Foggia Airfield Complex.\u0026#xA0; Assigned to Fifteenth Air Force, the group was redesignated the 484th Bombardment Group (Pathfinder) in May 1944 but did not perform pathfinder functions. Again, redesignated 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) in November 1944, the group operated primarily as a strategic bombardment organization through to April 1945.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe group attacked targets such as oil refineries, oil storage plants, aircraft factories, heavy industry, and communications in Italy, France, Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Rumania, and Yugoslavia. On June 13, 1944, a heavy smoke screen prevented the group from bombing marshaling yards at Munich. In spite of severe damage from German flak and fighters, and despite heavy gunfire encountered at the alternate target, the group bombed marshaling yards at Innsbruck and received a Distinguished Unit Citation (DUC) for its persistent action. The group received a second DUC for performance on August 22, 1944, when, unescorted, the organization fought its way through an intense opposition to attack underground oil storage installations in Vienna. In addition to strategic missions, the 484th supported the allied ground drive toward Rome by bombing bridges, supply dumps, viaducts, and marshaling yards from April to June 1944. Furthermore, the group ferried gasoline and oil to Allied forces in southern France during September 1944 and supported the final advance through northern Italy.\u0026#xA0; Moved to Casablanca in May 1945, the group was assigned to Air Transport Command and subsequently deactivated in French Morocco on July 25, 1945. Squadrons assigned to the group included the 824th, 825th, 826th, and 827th. Stations assigned for the group during the war included Harvard AAF,\u0026#xA0; Nebraska from September 20, 1943, to March 2, 1944; Torretta AAF, Italy from April 1944-May 1945; and Casablanca, French Morocco, from May 25 to July 25, 1945. The assigned commanders included Colonel William B Keese from October 1943 to April 1945 and Lieutenant Colonel Chester C. Busch from April 1945 to deactivation\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eHistory of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e newsletter:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBud Markel wrote the history of the 484th Bomb Group and preserved it in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer.\u003c/emph\u003e He and his wife Bea organized the first reunion of the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups in May of 1981.\u0026#xA0; In December of 1981, the 461st and 484th Bomb Groups Association were incorporated in the state of California as a non-profit corporation. Starting with a newsletter bulletin to keep early members up to date on the fledgling organization, the name \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e was first applied to newsletter number 4. In 1992 the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups formed their own separate associations. Bud was the president of the 484th BG Association and the editor of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e until the association was disbanded in 2001.\u0026#xA0; An excellent writer, photographer, aviation historian, and organizer, Bud published \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e twice yearly for 20 years.\u0026#xA0; With the help of Bea, he also organized and hosted annual reunions for the association. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e evolved from a mimeographed newsletter into a fine glossy magazine filled with photographs, data compiled from official sources, letters and stories written by members, and scholarly contributions from writers in the historical aviation field.\u0026#xA0; When the 484th BG Association was disbanded, Bud and Bea donated 50 1200 page bound two-volume sets of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e to various libraries and museums around the country.\u0026#xA0; Bud Markel flew 35 combat missions as a B-24 engineer between January and May of 1945.\u0026#xA0; He was employed as an A\u0026amp;P mechanic for United Airlines in Los Angeles from 1948 until retirement.\u0026#xA0; He was especially proud of the 484th BG Association scholarship fund which was originally conceived as a living memorial to the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups.\u0026#xA0; Through this fund, the association donated $53,000 to deserving high school students from the area around Cerignola, Italy. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e is copyright \u0026#xA9; 484th Bomb Group Association\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLink to The Torretta Flyer newsletter index: \u003cextref href=\"http://www.484th.org/Torretta%20Flyer/Torretta%20Flyer.htm\"\u003ehttp://www.484th.org/Torretta%20Flyer/Torretta%20Flyer.htm\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSource:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\"484th Bombardment Group (H).\" www.484th.org. Accessed June 8, 2018. http://www.484th.org/.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eNote written by Dick Olson, 484th Bombardment Group Association Historian\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Constituted as 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) on September 14, 1943, the group officially activated on September 20th. Trained for combat with B-24 Liberator heavy bombers, the group transferred to Torretto Airfield in Italy during March and April 1944. Torretta airfield (also known as Cerignola #3) served as a semi-permanent heavy bomber airfield located approximately 14km (9 miles) southwest of Cerignola in Apulia, Italy.  This airbase would eventually form part of the Foggia Airfield Complex.  Assigned to Fifteenth Air Force, the group was redesignated the 484th Bombardment Group (Pathfinder) in May 1944 but did not perform pathfinder functions. Again, redesignated 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) in November 1944, the group operated primarily as a strategic bombardment organization through to April 1945.\n The group attacked targets such as oil refineries, oil storage plants, aircraft factories, heavy industry, and communications in Italy, France, Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Rumania, and Yugoslavia. On June 13, 1944, a heavy smoke screen prevented the group from bombing marshaling yards at Munich. In spite of severe damage from German flak and fighters, and despite heavy gunfire encountered at the alternate target, the group bombed marshaling yards at Innsbruck and received a Distinguished Unit Citation (DUC) for its persistent action. The group received a second DUC for performance on August 22, 1944, when, unescorted, the organization fought its way through an intense opposition to attack underground oil storage installations in Vienna. In addition to strategic missions, the 484th supported the allied ground drive toward Rome by bombing bridges, supply dumps, viaducts, and marshaling yards from April to June 1944. Furthermore, the group ferried gasoline and oil to Allied forces in southern France during September 1944 and supported the final advance through northern Italy.  Moved to Casablanca in May 1945, the group was assigned to Air Transport Command and subsequently deactivated in French Morocco on July 25, 1945. Squadrons assigned to the group included the 824th, 825th, 826th, and 827th. Stations assigned for the group during the war included Harvard AAF,  Nebraska from September 20, 1943, to March 2, 1944; Torretta AAF, Italy from April 1944-May 1945; and Casablanca, French Morocco, from May 25 to July 25, 1945. The assigned commanders included Colonel William B Keese from October 1943 to April 1945 and Lieutenant Colonel Chester C. Busch from April 1945 to deactivation","History of  The Torretta Flyer  newsletter:","Bud Markel wrote the history of the 484th Bomb Group and preserved it in  The Torretta Flyer.  He and his wife Bea organized the first reunion of the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups in May of 1981.  In December of 1981, the 461st and 484th Bomb Groups Association were incorporated in the state of California as a non-profit corporation. Starting with a newsletter bulletin to keep early members up to date on the fledgling organization, the name  The Torretta Flyer  was first applied to newsletter number 4. In 1992 the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups formed their own separate associations. Bud was the president of the 484th BG Association and the editor of  The Torretta Flyer  until the association was disbanded in 2001.  An excellent writer, photographer, aviation historian, and organizer, Bud published  The Torretta Flyer  twice yearly for 20 years.  With the help of Bea, he also organized and hosted annual reunions for the association.  The Torretta Flyer  evolved from a mimeographed newsletter into a fine glossy magazine filled with photographs, data compiled from official sources, letters and stories written by members, and scholarly contributions from writers in the historical aviation field.  When the 484th BG Association was disbanded, Bud and Bea donated 50 1200 page bound two-volume sets of  The Torretta Flyer  to various libraries and museums around the country.  Bud Markel flew 35 combat missions as a B-24 engineer between January and May of 1945.  He was employed as an A\u0026P mechanic for United Airlines in Los Angeles from 1948 until retirement.  He was especially proud of the 484th BG Association scholarship fund which was originally conceived as a living memorial to the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups.  Through this fund, the association donated $53,000 to deserving high school students from the area around Cerignola, Italy.  The Torretta Flyer  is copyright © 484th Bomb Group Association","Link to The Torretta Flyer newsletter index:  http://www.484th.org/Torretta%20Flyer/Torretta%20Flyer.htm","Source:","\"484th Bombardment Group (H).\" www.484th.org. Accessed June 8, 2018. http://www.484th.org/.","Note written by Dick Olson, 484th Bombardment Group Association Historian"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], 484th Bombardment Group Association papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_02_0047\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_02_0047\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], 484th Bombardment Group Association papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_02_0047 ."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLink to official website of the 484th Bombardment Group Association:\u0026#xA0; \u003cextref href=\"http://www.484th.org/\"\u003ehttp://www.484th.org/\u003c/extref\u003e. This website is also included in an \u003cextref href=\"https://archive-it.org/collections/10115\"\u003eInternet Archive web collection\u003c/extref\u003e for the World War II Archives. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Internet Archive collection includes the website for the 461st Bombardment Group (H).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials - Related Publications"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Link to official website of the 484th Bombardment Group Association:   http://www.484th.org/ . This website is also included in an  Internet Archive web collection  for the World War II Archives. ","The Internet Archive collection includes the website for the 461st Bombardment Group (H)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to the 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) that was assigned to the 15th Air Force and based in Torretta, Italy as a component of the Foggia Airfield Complex during World War II and assigned B-24 Liberator heavy bombers.\u0026#xA0; The materials contained in this collection were subsequently assembled during the post-war period by the 484th Bombardment Group Association.\u0026#xA0; The collection contains official reports, data sheets, statistics, newspapers, Missing Air Crew Reports, personal histories, photographs, and unit histories.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to the 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) that was assigned to the 15th Air Force and based in Torretta, Italy as a component of the Foggia Airfield Complex during World War II and assigned B-24 Liberator heavy bombers.  The materials contained in this collection were subsequently assembled during the post-war period by the 484th Bombardment Group Association.  The collection contains official reports, data sheets, statistics, newspapers, Missing Air Crew Reports, personal histories, photographs, and unit histories."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_dc95db454fe0ad060bd914009fe90431\"\u003eClaude Pepper Library\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Claude Pepper Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association","United States. Army Air Forces, Bombardment Group (H), 484th"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","484th Bombardment Group Association","United States. Army Air Forces, Bombardment Group (H), 484th"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","484th Bombardment Group Association","United States. Army Air Forces, Bombardment Group (H), 484th"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":315,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537","timestamp":"2026-07-10T05:44:27.461Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/480e46a504f2fba6b1588537_aspace_222069"}},{"id":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537_aspace_222070","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"49th Bombardment Wing (2 of 2), December 1944-January 1945","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/480e46a504f2fba6b1588537_aspace_222070#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm reel printouts of the monthly histories of the 49th wing.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/480e46a504f2fba6b1588537_aspace_222070#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_222070","ref_ssm":["aspace_222070","aspace_222070"],"id":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537_aspace_222070","title_filing_ssi":"49th Bombardment Wing (2 of 2)","title_ssm":["49th Bombardment Wing (2 of 2)"],"title_tesim":["49th Bombardment Wing (2 of 2)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["December 1944-January 1945"],"normalized_date_ssm":["December 1944-January 1945"],"normalized_title_ssm":["49th Bombardment Wing (2 of 2), December 1944-January 1945"],"text":["49th Bombardment Wing (2 of 2), December 1944-January 1945","484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998","006","/repositories/10/archival_objects/34296","02.0047 - Box 5","folder 006","Microfilm reel printouts of the monthly histories of the 49th wing."],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["480e46a504f2fba6b1588537"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["006","/repositories/10/archival_objects/34296"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":115,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"date_range_isim":[1944,1945],"containers_ssim":["02.0047 - Box 5","folder 006"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm reel printouts of the monthly histories of the 49th wing.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Microfilm reel printouts of the monthly histories of the 49th wing."],"_nest_path_":"/components#114","_nest_parent_":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537","_root_":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537","timestamp":"2026-07-10T05:44:27.461Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537","title_filing_ssi":"484th Bombardment Group Association papers","title_ssm":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers"],"title_tesim":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers"],"ead_ssi":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537","unitdate_ssm":["1939-1998"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1939-1998"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["02.0047","/repositories/10/resources/197"],"text":["02.0047","/repositories/10/resources/197","484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998","Foggia (Italy)","B-24 (Bomber)","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Yugoslavia","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","This collection is open to all researchers.","Constituted as 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) on September 14, 1943, the group officially activated on September 20th. Trained for combat with B-24 Liberator heavy bombers, the group transferred to Torretto Airfield in Italy during March and April 1944. Torretta airfield (also known as Cerignola #3) served as a semi-permanent heavy bomber airfield located approximately 14km (9 miles) southwest of Cerignola in Apulia, Italy.  This airbase would eventually form part of the Foggia Airfield Complex.  Assigned to Fifteenth Air Force, the group was redesignated the 484th Bombardment Group (Pathfinder) in May 1944 but did not perform pathfinder functions. Again, redesignated 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) in November 1944, the group operated primarily as a strategic bombardment organization through to April 1945.\n The group attacked targets such as oil refineries, oil storage plants, aircraft factories, heavy industry, and communications in Italy, France, Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Rumania, and Yugoslavia. On June 13, 1944, a heavy smoke screen prevented the group from bombing marshaling yards at Munich. In spite of severe damage from German flak and fighters, and despite heavy gunfire encountered at the alternate target, the group bombed marshaling yards at Innsbruck and received a Distinguished Unit Citation (DUC) for its persistent action. The group received a second DUC for performance on August 22, 1944, when, unescorted, the organization fought its way through an intense opposition to attack underground oil storage installations in Vienna. In addition to strategic missions, the 484th supported the allied ground drive toward Rome by bombing bridges, supply dumps, viaducts, and marshaling yards from April to June 1944. Furthermore, the group ferried gasoline and oil to Allied forces in southern France during September 1944 and supported the final advance through northern Italy.  Moved to Casablanca in May 1945, the group was assigned to Air Transport Command and subsequently deactivated in French Morocco on July 25, 1945. Squadrons assigned to the group included the 824th, 825th, 826th, and 827th. Stations assigned for the group during the war included Harvard AAF,  Nebraska from September 20, 1943, to March 2, 1944; Torretta AAF, Italy from April 1944-May 1945; and Casablanca, French Morocco, from May 25 to July 25, 1945. The assigned commanders included Colonel William B Keese from October 1943 to April 1945 and Lieutenant Colonel Chester C. Busch from April 1945 to deactivation","History of  The Torretta Flyer  newsletter:","Bud Markel wrote the history of the 484th Bomb Group and preserved it in  The Torretta Flyer.  He and his wife Bea organized the first reunion of the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups in May of 1981.  In December of 1981, the 461st and 484th Bomb Groups Association were incorporated in the state of California as a non-profit corporation. Starting with a newsletter bulletin to keep early members up to date on the fledgling organization, the name  The Torretta Flyer  was first applied to newsletter number 4. In 1992 the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups formed their own separate associations. Bud was the president of the 484th BG Association and the editor of  The Torretta Flyer  until the association was disbanded in 2001.  An excellent writer, photographer, aviation historian, and organizer, Bud published  The Torretta Flyer  twice yearly for 20 years.  With the help of Bea, he also organized and hosted annual reunions for the association.  The Torretta Flyer  evolved from a mimeographed newsletter into a fine glossy magazine filled with photographs, data compiled from official sources, letters and stories written by members, and scholarly contributions from writers in the historical aviation field.  When the 484th BG Association was disbanded, Bud and Bea donated 50 1200 page bound two-volume sets of  The Torretta Flyer  to various libraries and museums around the country.  Bud Markel flew 35 combat missions as a B-24 engineer between January and May of 1945.  He was employed as an A\u0026P mechanic for United Airlines in Los Angeles from 1948 until retirement.  He was especially proud of the 484th BG Association scholarship fund which was originally conceived as a living memorial to the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups.  Through this fund, the association donated $53,000 to deserving high school students from the area around Cerignola, Italy.  The Torretta Flyer  is copyright © 484th Bomb Group Association","Link to The Torretta Flyer newsletter index:  http://www.484th.org/Torretta%20Flyer/Torretta%20Flyer.htm","Source:","\"484th Bombardment Group (H).\" www.484th.org. Accessed June 8, 2018. http://www.484th.org/.","Note written by Dick Olson, 484th Bombardment Group Association Historian","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","Link to official website of the 484th Bombardment Group Association:   http://www.484th.org/ . This website is also included in an  Internet Archive web collection  for the World War II Archives. ","The Internet Archive collection includes the website for the 461st Bombardment Group (H).","This collection relates to the 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) that was assigned to the 15th Air Force and based in Torretta, Italy as a component of the Foggia Airfield Complex during World War II and assigned B-24 Liberator heavy bombers.  The materials contained in this collection were subsequently assembled during the post-war period by the 484th Bombardment Group Association.  The collection contains official reports, data sheets, statistics, newspapers, Missing Air Crew Reports, personal histories, photographs, and unit histories.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","Claude Pepper Library","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","484th Bombardment Group Association","United States. Army Air Forces, Bombardment Group (H), 484th","English"],"unitid_tesim":["02.0047","/repositories/10/resources/197"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1939-1998"],"normalized_title_ssm":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"collection_title_tesim":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"collection_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Foggia (Italy)"],"geogname_ssim":["Foggia (Italy)"],"creator_ssm":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"creator_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"creators_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"places_ssim":["Foggia (Italy)"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"access_subjects_ssim":["B-24 (Bomber)","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Yugoslavia","World War, 1939-1945--Austria"],"access_subjects_ssm":["B-24 (Bomber)","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Yugoslavia","World War, 1939-1945--Austria"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["17 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["17 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConstituted as 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) on September 14, 1943, the group officially activated on September 20th. Trained for combat with B-24 Liberator heavy bombers, the group transferred to Torretto Airfield in Italy during March and April 1944. Torretta airfield (also known as Cerignola #3) served as a semi-permanent heavy bomber airfield located approximately 14km (9 miles) southwest of Cerignola in Apulia, Italy.\u0026#xA0; This airbase would eventually form part of the Foggia Airfield Complex.\u0026#xA0; Assigned to Fifteenth Air Force, the group was redesignated the 484th Bombardment Group (Pathfinder) in May 1944 but did not perform pathfinder functions. Again, redesignated 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) in November 1944, the group operated primarily as a strategic bombardment organization through to April 1945.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe group attacked targets such as oil refineries, oil storage plants, aircraft factories, heavy industry, and communications in Italy, France, Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Rumania, and Yugoslavia. On June 13, 1944, a heavy smoke screen prevented the group from bombing marshaling yards at Munich. In spite of severe damage from German flak and fighters, and despite heavy gunfire encountered at the alternate target, the group bombed marshaling yards at Innsbruck and received a Distinguished Unit Citation (DUC) for its persistent action. The group received a second DUC for performance on August 22, 1944, when, unescorted, the organization fought its way through an intense opposition to attack underground oil storage installations in Vienna. In addition to strategic missions, the 484th supported the allied ground drive toward Rome by bombing bridges, supply dumps, viaducts, and marshaling yards from April to June 1944. Furthermore, the group ferried gasoline and oil to Allied forces in southern France during September 1944 and supported the final advance through northern Italy.\u0026#xA0; Moved to Casablanca in May 1945, the group was assigned to Air Transport Command and subsequently deactivated in French Morocco on July 25, 1945. Squadrons assigned to the group included the 824th, 825th, 826th, and 827th. Stations assigned for the group during the war included Harvard AAF,\u0026#xA0; Nebraska from September 20, 1943, to March 2, 1944; Torretta AAF, Italy from April 1944-May 1945; and Casablanca, French Morocco, from May 25 to July 25, 1945. The assigned commanders included Colonel William B Keese from October 1943 to April 1945 and Lieutenant Colonel Chester C. Busch from April 1945 to deactivation\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eHistory of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e newsletter:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBud Markel wrote the history of the 484th Bomb Group and preserved it in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer.\u003c/emph\u003e He and his wife Bea organized the first reunion of the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups in May of 1981.\u0026#xA0; In December of 1981, the 461st and 484th Bomb Groups Association were incorporated in the state of California as a non-profit corporation. Starting with a newsletter bulletin to keep early members up to date on the fledgling organization, the name \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e was first applied to newsletter number 4. In 1992 the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups formed their own separate associations. Bud was the president of the 484th BG Association and the editor of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e until the association was disbanded in 2001.\u0026#xA0; An excellent writer, photographer, aviation historian, and organizer, Bud published \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e twice yearly for 20 years.\u0026#xA0; With the help of Bea, he also organized and hosted annual reunions for the association. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e evolved from a mimeographed newsletter into a fine glossy magazine filled with photographs, data compiled from official sources, letters and stories written by members, and scholarly contributions from writers in the historical aviation field.\u0026#xA0; When the 484th BG Association was disbanded, Bud and Bea donated 50 1200 page bound two-volume sets of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e to various libraries and museums around the country.\u0026#xA0; Bud Markel flew 35 combat missions as a B-24 engineer between January and May of 1945.\u0026#xA0; He was employed as an A\u0026amp;P mechanic for United Airlines in Los Angeles from 1948 until retirement.\u0026#xA0; He was especially proud of the 484th BG Association scholarship fund which was originally conceived as a living memorial to the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups.\u0026#xA0; Through this fund, the association donated $53,000 to deserving high school students from the area around Cerignola, Italy. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e is copyright \u0026#xA9; 484th Bomb Group Association\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLink to The Torretta Flyer newsletter index: \u003cextref href=\"http://www.484th.org/Torretta%20Flyer/Torretta%20Flyer.htm\"\u003ehttp://www.484th.org/Torretta%20Flyer/Torretta%20Flyer.htm\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSource:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\"484th Bombardment Group (H).\" www.484th.org. Accessed June 8, 2018. http://www.484th.org/.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eNote written by Dick Olson, 484th Bombardment Group Association Historian\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Constituted as 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) on September 14, 1943, the group officially activated on September 20th. Trained for combat with B-24 Liberator heavy bombers, the group transferred to Torretto Airfield in Italy during March and April 1944. Torretta airfield (also known as Cerignola #3) served as a semi-permanent heavy bomber airfield located approximately 14km (9 miles) southwest of Cerignola in Apulia, Italy.  This airbase would eventually form part of the Foggia Airfield Complex.  Assigned to Fifteenth Air Force, the group was redesignated the 484th Bombardment Group (Pathfinder) in May 1944 but did not perform pathfinder functions. Again, redesignated 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) in November 1944, the group operated primarily as a strategic bombardment organization through to April 1945.\n The group attacked targets such as oil refineries, oil storage plants, aircraft factories, heavy industry, and communications in Italy, France, Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Rumania, and Yugoslavia. On June 13, 1944, a heavy smoke screen prevented the group from bombing marshaling yards at Munich. In spite of severe damage from German flak and fighters, and despite heavy gunfire encountered at the alternate target, the group bombed marshaling yards at Innsbruck and received a Distinguished Unit Citation (DUC) for its persistent action. The group received a second DUC for performance on August 22, 1944, when, unescorted, the organization fought its way through an intense opposition to attack underground oil storage installations in Vienna. In addition to strategic missions, the 484th supported the allied ground drive toward Rome by bombing bridges, supply dumps, viaducts, and marshaling yards from April to June 1944. Furthermore, the group ferried gasoline and oil to Allied forces in southern France during September 1944 and supported the final advance through northern Italy.  Moved to Casablanca in May 1945, the group was assigned to Air Transport Command and subsequently deactivated in French Morocco on July 25, 1945. Squadrons assigned to the group included the 824th, 825th, 826th, and 827th. Stations assigned for the group during the war included Harvard AAF,  Nebraska from September 20, 1943, to March 2, 1944; Torretta AAF, Italy from April 1944-May 1945; and Casablanca, French Morocco, from May 25 to July 25, 1945. The assigned commanders included Colonel William B Keese from October 1943 to April 1945 and Lieutenant Colonel Chester C. Busch from April 1945 to deactivation","History of  The Torretta Flyer  newsletter:","Bud Markel wrote the history of the 484th Bomb Group and preserved it in  The Torretta Flyer.  He and his wife Bea organized the first reunion of the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups in May of 1981.  In December of 1981, the 461st and 484th Bomb Groups Association were incorporated in the state of California as a non-profit corporation. Starting with a newsletter bulletin to keep early members up to date on the fledgling organization, the name  The Torretta Flyer  was first applied to newsletter number 4. In 1992 the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups formed their own separate associations. Bud was the president of the 484th BG Association and the editor of  The Torretta Flyer  until the association was disbanded in 2001.  An excellent writer, photographer, aviation historian, and organizer, Bud published  The Torretta Flyer  twice yearly for 20 years.  With the help of Bea, he also organized and hosted annual reunions for the association.  The Torretta Flyer  evolved from a mimeographed newsletter into a fine glossy magazine filled with photographs, data compiled from official sources, letters and stories written by members, and scholarly contributions from writers in the historical aviation field.  When the 484th BG Association was disbanded, Bud and Bea donated 50 1200 page bound two-volume sets of  The Torretta Flyer  to various libraries and museums around the country.  Bud Markel flew 35 combat missions as a B-24 engineer between January and May of 1945.  He was employed as an A\u0026P mechanic for United Airlines in Los Angeles from 1948 until retirement.  He was especially proud of the 484th BG Association scholarship fund which was originally conceived as a living memorial to the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups.  Through this fund, the association donated $53,000 to deserving high school students from the area around Cerignola, Italy.  The Torretta Flyer  is copyright © 484th Bomb Group Association","Link to The Torretta Flyer newsletter index:  http://www.484th.org/Torretta%20Flyer/Torretta%20Flyer.htm","Source:","\"484th Bombardment Group (H).\" www.484th.org. Accessed June 8, 2018. http://www.484th.org/.","Note written by Dick Olson, 484th Bombardment Group Association Historian"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], 484th Bombardment Group Association papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_02_0047\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_02_0047\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], 484th Bombardment Group Association papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_02_0047 ."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLink to official website of the 484th Bombardment Group Association:\u0026#xA0; \u003cextref href=\"http://www.484th.org/\"\u003ehttp://www.484th.org/\u003c/extref\u003e. This website is also included in an \u003cextref href=\"https://archive-it.org/collections/10115\"\u003eInternet Archive web collection\u003c/extref\u003e for the World War II Archives. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Internet Archive collection includes the website for the 461st Bombardment Group (H).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials - Related Publications"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Link to official website of the 484th Bombardment Group Association:   http://www.484th.org/ . This website is also included in an  Internet Archive web collection  for the World War II Archives. ","The Internet Archive collection includes the website for the 461st Bombardment Group (H)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to the 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) that was assigned to the 15th Air Force and based in Torretta, Italy as a component of the Foggia Airfield Complex during World War II and assigned B-24 Liberator heavy bombers.\u0026#xA0; The materials contained in this collection were subsequently assembled during the post-war period by the 484th Bombardment Group Association.\u0026#xA0; The collection contains official reports, data sheets, statistics, newspapers, Missing Air Crew Reports, personal histories, photographs, and unit histories.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to the 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) that was assigned to the 15th Air Force and based in Torretta, Italy as a component of the Foggia Airfield Complex during World War II and assigned B-24 Liberator heavy bombers.  The materials contained in this collection were subsequently assembled during the post-war period by the 484th Bombardment Group Association.  The collection contains official reports, data sheets, statistics, newspapers, Missing Air Crew Reports, personal histories, photographs, and unit histories."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_dc95db454fe0ad060bd914009fe90431\"\u003eClaude Pepper Library\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Claude Pepper Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association","United States. Army Air Forces, Bombardment Group (H), 484th"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","484th Bombardment Group Association","United States. Army Air Forces, Bombardment Group (H), 484th"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","484th Bombardment Group Association","United States. Army Air Forces, Bombardment Group (H), 484th"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":315,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537","timestamp":"2026-07-10T05:44:27.461Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/480e46a504f2fba6b1588537_aspace_222070"}},{"id":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e_aspace_177c06738c6a778d9bd626e535734dc6","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"\"5th Marines\", 1944","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/93843f695abc3ff145923e4e_aspace_177c06738c6a778d9bd626e535734dc6#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains several documents pertaining to the Fifth Marines including Field, Unit, and Enemy causualty reports, a war diary (Captain Flag) and Daily log, maps and a Brief History of the Fifth Marines: revised 1968. Additionally Destroyed and Captured: Enemy Materials, and notes by the author are included.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/93843f695abc3ff145923e4e_aspace_177c06738c6a778d9bd626e535734dc6#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_177c06738c6a778d9bd626e535734dc6","ref_ssm":["aspace_177c06738c6a778d9bd626e535734dc6","aspace_177c06738c6a778d9bd626e535734dc6"],"id":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e_aspace_177c06738c6a778d9bd626e535734dc6","title_filing_ssi":"\"5th Marines\"","title_ssm":["\"5th Marines\""],"title_tesim":["\"5th Marines\""],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1944"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1944"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"5th Marines\", 1944"],"text":["\"5th Marines\", 1944","Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19","006","/repositories/10/archival_objects/179524","18.0033 - Box 5","folder 006","This folder contains several documents pertaining to the Fifth Marines including Field, Unit, and Enemy causualty reports, a war diary (Captain Flag) and Daily log, maps and a Brief History of the Fifth Marines: revised 1968. Additionally Destroyed and Captured: Enemy Materials, and notes by the author are included."],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["93843f695abc3ff145923e4e"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["006","/repositories/10/archival_objects/179524"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":32,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"date_range_isim":[1944],"containers_ssim":["18.0033 - Box 5","folder 006"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains several documents pertaining to the Fifth Marines including Field, Unit, and Enemy causualty reports, a war diary (Captain Flag) and Daily log, maps and a Brief History of the Fifth Marines: revised 1968. Additionally Destroyed and Captured: Enemy Materials, and notes by the author are included.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This folder contains several documents pertaining to the Fifth Marines including Field, Unit, and Enemy causualty reports, a war diary (Captain Flag) and Daily log, maps and a Brief History of the Fifth Marines: revised 1968. Additionally Destroyed and Captured: Enemy Materials, and notes by the author are included."],"_nest_path_":"/components#31","_nest_parent_":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e","_root_":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e","timestamp":"2026-07-11T04:18:23.323Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e","title_filing_ssi":"Carl Lyren Peleliu Collection","title_ssm":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection"],"title_tesim":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection"],"ead_ssi":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e","unitdate_ssm":["1944-1998","Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1944-1998"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["18.0033","/repositories/10/resources/1492"],"text":["18.0033","/repositories/10/resources/1492","Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19","Peleliu, Battle of, Palau, 1944","World War, 1939-1945","Battle casualties","Marines","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Disvision, 1st","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Division, 1st","United States. Marine Corps--History--20th century","United States. Marine Corps--Military life","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 14th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th. Battalion, 1st.","United States. Marine Fighter Squadron, 214th--History.","Japan--History, Military","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Division, 5th","This collection is open to all researchers.","Born on November 4, 1925, U.S. Marine Marine Corps Sergeant Carl Lyren first served in the Asiatic-Pacific theater during World War II from 1943-1946 with Company C, 2nd Amtrac (Amphibious tractor) Battalion, 2nd Marine Division. He served on Saipan and Iheyajima, and survived a Japanese Kamikaze attack on LST 884 off Okinawa on April 1, 1945. He reenlisted in the Corps during the Korean Conflict from 1950-1952. He studied at the University of Indiana, and graduated from the University of Chicago in 1954 with a Master's degree in International Relations. Carl Lyren was a writer all his life, and was employed at many major advertising agencies in Chicago and New York, also specializing in food writing and authoring several cookbooks. Also among his publications include French Cooking for the American Table (with Rene Verdon), 365 Ways to Cook Chicken, and Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944. Lyren passed away on June 12, 2003.","\nProvided by Patricia Byrne Lyren, edited by Laran Dixon.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection relates to Carl Lyren who served in the United States Marine Corps in 2nd Marine Division the Pacific Theater. The materials of this collection are made up of maps, unclassified documents from both Japanese and U.S. forces, books, letters, interviews with veterans, photographs, newspaper clippings, and personal notes made by Carl Lyren in his research in writing on the battle of Peleliu, also in this collection is the  original manuscript of the publication Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003","English"],"unitid_tesim":["18.0033","/repositories/10/resources/1492"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"collection_ssim":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Peleliu, Battle of, Palau, 1944"],"geogname_ssim":["Peleliu, Battle of, Palau, 1944"],"creator_ssm":["Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"creator_ssim":["Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"creators_ssim":["Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"places_ssim":["Peleliu, Battle of, Palau, 1944"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945","Battle casualties","Marines","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Disvision, 1st","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Division, 1st","United States. Marine Corps--History--20th century","United States. Marine Corps--Military life","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 14th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th. Battalion, 1st.","United States. Marine Fighter Squadron, 214th--History.","Japan--History, Military","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Division, 5th"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945","Battle casualties","Marines","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Disvision, 1st","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Division, 1st","United States. Marine Corps--History--20th century","United States. Marine Corps--Military life","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 14th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th. Battalion, 1st.","United States. Marine Fighter Squadron, 214th--History.","Japan--History, Military","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Division, 5th"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.5 Linear Feet","3 folders Nine Legal-sized standard boxes (one containing a smaller box with photographs and four books), and three oversize folders located in oversize box 11."],"extent_tesim":["4.5 Linear Feet","3 folders Nine Legal-sized standard boxes (one containing a smaller box with photographs and four books), and three oversize folders located in oversize box 11."],"date_range_isim":[1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn on November 4, 1925, U.S. Marine Marine Corps Sergeant Carl Lyren first served in the Asiatic-Pacific theater during World War II from 1943-1946 with Company C, 2nd Amtrac (Amphibious tractor) Battalion, 2nd Marine Division. He served on Saipan and Iheyajima, and survived a Japanese Kamikaze attack on LST 884 off Okinawa on April 1, 1945. He reenlisted in the Corps during the Korean Conflict from 1950-1952. He studied at the University of Indiana, and graduated from the University of Chicago in 1954 with a Master's degree in International Relations. Carl Lyren was a writer all his life, and was employed at many major advertising agencies in Chicago and New York, also specializing in food writing and authoring several cookbooks. Also among his publications include French Cooking for the American Table (with Rene Verdon), 365 Ways to Cook Chicken, and Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944. Lyren passed away on June 12, 2003.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nProvided by Patricia Byrne Lyren, edited by Laran Dixon.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born on November 4, 1925, U.S. Marine Marine Corps Sergeant Carl Lyren first served in the Asiatic-Pacific theater during World War II from 1943-1946 with Company C, 2nd Amtrac (Amphibious tractor) Battalion, 2nd Marine Division. He served on Saipan and Iheyajima, and survived a Japanese Kamikaze attack on LST 884 off Okinawa on April 1, 1945. He reenlisted in the Corps during the Korean Conflict from 1950-1952. He studied at the University of Indiana, and graduated from the University of Chicago in 1954 with a Master's degree in International Relations. Carl Lyren was a writer all his life, and was employed at many major advertising agencies in Chicago and New York, also specializing in food writing and authoring several cookbooks. Also among his publications include French Cooking for the American Table (with Rene Verdon), 365 Ways to Cook Chicken, and Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944. Lyren passed away on June 12, 2003.","\nProvided by Patricia Byrne Lyren, edited by Laran Dixon."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_18_0033\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_18_0033\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_18_0033"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Carl Lyren who served in the United States Marine Corps in 2nd Marine Division the Pacific Theater. The materials of this collection are made up of maps, unclassified documents from both Japanese and U.S. forces, books, letters, interviews with veterans, photographs, newspaper clippings, and personal notes made by Carl Lyren in his research in writing on the battle of Peleliu, also in this collection is the  original manuscript of the publication Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to Carl Lyren who served in the United States Marine Corps in 2nd Marine Division the Pacific Theater. The materials of this collection are made up of maps, unclassified documents from both Japanese and U.S. forces, books, letters, interviews with veterans, photographs, newspaper clippings, and personal notes made by Carl Lyren in his research in writing on the battle of Peleliu, also in this collection is the  original manuscript of the publication Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":69,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e","timestamp":"2026-07-11T04:18:23.323Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/93843f695abc3ff145923e4e_aspace_177c06738c6a778d9bd626e535734dc6"}},{"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52572","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"718 Magnolia, 1920s-1959","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52572#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_52572","ref_ssm":["aspace_52572","aspace_52572"],"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52572","title_filing_ssi":"718 Magnolia","title_ssm":["718 Magnolia"],"title_tesim":["718 Magnolia"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1920s-1959"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1920s-1959"],"normalized_title_ssm":["718 Magnolia, 1920s-1959"],"text":["718 Magnolia, 1920s-1959","Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991","Personal Information, 1910-1989.","Photographs, 1910-1989","Folder 4-7","/repositories/4/archival_objects/32916","box 35","folder 4-7","(Box 35, Folder 4 contained 7 negatives (3.5\" x 5.5\") related to Magnolia. Upon examination, 1 negative started to decay; therefore, all of the affected negatives got digitized and removed from the collection on September 14, 2021. As a\nreference, images have been printed on a (8.5\" x 11.5\") acid free papers before disposal.)"],"component_level_isim":[4],"parent_ids_ssim":["4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_51261","4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52534","4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52570"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991","Personal Information, 1910-1989.","Photographs, 1910-1989"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991","Personal Information, 1910-1989.","Photographs, 1910-1989"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries","File"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 4-7","/repositories/4/archival_objects/32916"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":1187,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n\n  Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence\n  Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"\n"],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959],"containers_ssim":["box 35","folder 4-7"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e(Box 35, Folder 4 contained 7 negatives (3.5\" x 5.5\") related to Magnolia. Upon examination, 1 negative started to decay; therefore, all of the affected negatives got digitized and removed from the collection on September 14, 2021. As a\nreference, images have been printed on a (8.5\" x 11.5\") acid free papers before disposal.)\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["(Box 35, Folder 4 contained 7 negatives (3.5\" x 5.5\") related to Magnolia. Upon examination, 1 negative started to decay; therefore, all of the affected negatives got digitized and removed from the collection on September 14, 2021. As a\nreference, images have been printed on a (8.5\" x 11.5\") acid free papers before disposal.)"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#13/components#21/components#0","_nest_parent_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52570","_root_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:53:59.490Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","title_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection"],"title_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection"],"ead_ssi":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","unitdate_ssm":["1754-2014"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1754-2014"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148"],"text":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148","Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Marineland (Fla.)","Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)","The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"","The collection is divided into eight series by type of file.","Michael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004.","Materials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023.","A large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library  Online Catalog .  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling  and the  Henry Nehrling Papers  are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the  Harry P. Leu Gardens . The  Henry Nehrling Collection  and the  Theodore L. Mead Collection  are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the  Smithsonian Institution Archives .","Series I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.","\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.","\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.","\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.","\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.","\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.","\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.","\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder.","Michael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here.","UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society","Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1754-2014"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"collection_title_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"collection_ssim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"creator_ssm":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creator_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creators_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"places_ssim":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Some of these materials were donated to and others were purchased by the University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives from Michael A. Spencer in 2006 (CFM2006_09), 2011 (CFM2011_02), 2012 (CFM2012_10), and 2014 (CFM2014_01)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["130 Linear Feet 259 boxes, 2 flat files"],"extent_tesim":["130 Linear Feet 259 boxes, 2 flat files"],"genreform_ssim":["botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"date_range_isim":[1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBoxes 180-181: Personal correspondence\u003c/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBoxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\""],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into eight series by type of file.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into eight series by type of file."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Materials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library \u003cextref href=\"https://library.ucf.edu\"\u003eOnline Catalog\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08c\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally\u003c/extref\u003e, \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08b\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead\u003c/extref\u003e, \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08a\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling\u003c/extref\u003e and the \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM1999-03\"\u003eHenry Nehrling Papers\u003c/extref\u003e are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the \u003cextref href=\"http://www.leugardens.org/\"\u003eHarry P. Leu Gardens\u003c/extref\u003e. The \u003cextref href=\"https://aspace.rollins.edu/repositories/2/resources/4\"\u003eHenry Nehrling Collection\u003c/extref\u003e and the \u003cextref href=\"https://aspace.rollins.edu/repositories/2/resources/97\"\u003eTheodore L. Mead Collection\u003c/extref\u003e are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the \u003cextref href=\"http://siarchives.si.edu/\"\u003eSmithsonian Institution Archives\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["A large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library  Online Catalog .  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling  and the  Henry Nehrling Papers  are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the  Harry P. Leu Gardens . The  Henry Nehrling Collection  and the  Theodore L. Mead Collection  are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the  Smithsonian Institution Archives ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.","\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.","\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.","\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.","\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.","\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.","\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.","\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Copyright Statement"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8e33310d6b1a70e4d88f1e2d3043cf71\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here."],"names_coll_ssim":["Bromeliad Society","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society","Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society"],"persname_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3662,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:53:59.490Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52572"}},{"id":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e_aspace_9378a2a52adc1e3aec5a2e4ad260a335","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"\"7th Marines\", 1944","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/93843f695abc3ff145923e4e_aspace_9378a2a52adc1e3aec5a2e4ad260a335#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder consists of various documents including: Embarkation Group Organization and Schedule, Embarkation Plan CT-7, Landing Diagram and Schedule 3/7 and 1/7, 7th Marines R-2 Journel of Peleliu Operation, Messages Contributing to Disquiet of Ruertus, D-day, and as well as excerpts of a published Peleui account and the authors' notes on timelines.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/93843f695abc3ff145923e4e_aspace_9378a2a52adc1e3aec5a2e4ad260a335#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_9378a2a52adc1e3aec5a2e4ad260a335","ref_ssm":["aspace_9378a2a52adc1e3aec5a2e4ad260a335","aspace_9378a2a52adc1e3aec5a2e4ad260a335"],"id":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e_aspace_9378a2a52adc1e3aec5a2e4ad260a335","title_filing_ssi":"\"7th Marines\"","title_ssm":["\"7th Marines\""],"title_tesim":["\"7th Marines\""],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1944"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1944"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"7th Marines\", 1944"],"text":["\"7th Marines\", 1944","Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19","005","/repositories/10/archival_objects/179540","18.0033 - Box 7","folder 005","This folder consists of various documents including: Embarkation Group Organization and Schedule, Embarkation Plan CT-7, Landing Diagram and Schedule  3/7 and 1/7, 7th Marines  R-2 Journel of Peleliu Operation, Messages Contributing  to Disquiet of Ruertus, D-day, and as well as excerpts of a published Peleui account and the authors' notes on timelines."],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["93843f695abc3ff145923e4e"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["005","/repositories/10/archival_objects/179540"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":48,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"date_range_isim":[1944],"containers_ssim":["18.0033 - Box 7","folder 005"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder consists of various documents including: Embarkation Group Organization and Schedule, Embarkation Plan CT-7, Landing Diagram and Schedule  3/7 and 1/7, 7th Marines  R-2 Journel of Peleliu Operation, Messages Contributing  to Disquiet of Ruertus, D-day, and as well as excerpts of a published Peleui account and the authors' notes on timelines.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This folder consists of various documents including: Embarkation Group Organization and Schedule, Embarkation Plan CT-7, Landing Diagram and Schedule  3/7 and 1/7, 7th Marines  R-2 Journel of Peleliu Operation, Messages Contributing  to Disquiet of Ruertus, D-day, and as well as excerpts of a published Peleui account and the authors' notes on timelines."],"_nest_path_":"/components#47","_nest_parent_":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e","_root_":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e","timestamp":"2026-07-11T04:18:23.323Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e","title_filing_ssi":"Carl Lyren Peleliu Collection","title_ssm":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection"],"title_tesim":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection"],"ead_ssi":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e","unitdate_ssm":["1944-1998","Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1944-1998"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["18.0033","/repositories/10/resources/1492"],"text":["18.0033","/repositories/10/resources/1492","Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19","Peleliu, Battle of, Palau, 1944","World War, 1939-1945","Battle casualties","Marines","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Disvision, 1st","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Division, 1st","United States. Marine Corps--History--20th century","United States. Marine Corps--Military life","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 14th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th. Battalion, 1st.","United States. Marine Fighter Squadron, 214th--History.","Japan--History, Military","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Division, 5th","This collection is open to all researchers.","Born on November 4, 1925, U.S. Marine Marine Corps Sergeant Carl Lyren first served in the Asiatic-Pacific theater during World War II from 1943-1946 with Company C, 2nd Amtrac (Amphibious tractor) Battalion, 2nd Marine Division. He served on Saipan and Iheyajima, and survived a Japanese Kamikaze attack on LST 884 off Okinawa on April 1, 1945. He reenlisted in the Corps during the Korean Conflict from 1950-1952. He studied at the University of Indiana, and graduated from the University of Chicago in 1954 with a Master's degree in International Relations. Carl Lyren was a writer all his life, and was employed at many major advertising agencies in Chicago and New York, also specializing in food writing and authoring several cookbooks. Also among his publications include French Cooking for the American Table (with Rene Verdon), 365 Ways to Cook Chicken, and Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944. Lyren passed away on June 12, 2003.","\nProvided by Patricia Byrne Lyren, edited by Laran Dixon.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection relates to Carl Lyren who served in the United States Marine Corps in 2nd Marine Division the Pacific Theater. The materials of this collection are made up of maps, unclassified documents from both Japanese and U.S. forces, books, letters, interviews with veterans, photographs, newspaper clippings, and personal notes made by Carl Lyren in his research in writing on the battle of Peleliu, also in this collection is the  original manuscript of the publication Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003","English"],"unitid_tesim":["18.0033","/repositories/10/resources/1492"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"collection_ssim":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Peleliu, Battle of, Palau, 1944"],"geogname_ssim":["Peleliu, Battle of, Palau, 1944"],"creator_ssm":["Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"creator_ssim":["Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"creators_ssim":["Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"places_ssim":["Peleliu, Battle of, Palau, 1944"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945","Battle casualties","Marines","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Disvision, 1st","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Division, 1st","United States. Marine Corps--History--20th century","United States. Marine Corps--Military life","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 14th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th. Battalion, 1st.","United States. Marine Fighter Squadron, 214th--History.","Japan--History, Military","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Division, 5th"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945","Battle casualties","Marines","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Disvision, 1st","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Division, 1st","United States. Marine Corps--History--20th century","United States. Marine Corps--Military life","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 14th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th. Battalion, 1st.","United States. Marine Fighter Squadron, 214th--History.","Japan--History, Military","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Division, 5th"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.5 Linear Feet","3 folders Nine Legal-sized standard boxes (one containing a smaller box with photographs and four books), and three oversize folders located in oversize box 11."],"extent_tesim":["4.5 Linear Feet","3 folders Nine Legal-sized standard boxes (one containing a smaller box with photographs and four books), and three oversize folders located in oversize box 11."],"date_range_isim":[1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn on November 4, 1925, U.S. Marine Marine Corps Sergeant Carl Lyren first served in the Asiatic-Pacific theater during World War II from 1943-1946 with Company C, 2nd Amtrac (Amphibious tractor) Battalion, 2nd Marine Division. He served on Saipan and Iheyajima, and survived a Japanese Kamikaze attack on LST 884 off Okinawa on April 1, 1945. He reenlisted in the Corps during the Korean Conflict from 1950-1952. He studied at the University of Indiana, and graduated from the University of Chicago in 1954 with a Master's degree in International Relations. Carl Lyren was a writer all his life, and was employed at many major advertising agencies in Chicago and New York, also specializing in food writing and authoring several cookbooks. Also among his publications include French Cooking for the American Table (with Rene Verdon), 365 Ways to Cook Chicken, and Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944. Lyren passed away on June 12, 2003.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nProvided by Patricia Byrne Lyren, edited by Laran Dixon.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born on November 4, 1925, U.S. Marine Marine Corps Sergeant Carl Lyren first served in the Asiatic-Pacific theater during World War II from 1943-1946 with Company C, 2nd Amtrac (Amphibious tractor) Battalion, 2nd Marine Division. He served on Saipan and Iheyajima, and survived a Japanese Kamikaze attack on LST 884 off Okinawa on April 1, 1945. He reenlisted in the Corps during the Korean Conflict from 1950-1952. He studied at the University of Indiana, and graduated from the University of Chicago in 1954 with a Master's degree in International Relations. Carl Lyren was a writer all his life, and was employed at many major advertising agencies in Chicago and New York, also specializing in food writing and authoring several cookbooks. Also among his publications include French Cooking for the American Table (with Rene Verdon), 365 Ways to Cook Chicken, and Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944. Lyren passed away on June 12, 2003.","\nProvided by Patricia Byrne Lyren, edited by Laran Dixon."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_18_0033\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_18_0033\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_18_0033"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Carl Lyren who served in the United States Marine Corps in 2nd Marine Division the Pacific Theater. The materials of this collection are made up of maps, unclassified documents from both Japanese and U.S. forces, books, letters, interviews with veterans, photographs, newspaper clippings, and personal notes made by Carl Lyren in his research in writing on the battle of Peleliu, also in this collection is the  original manuscript of the publication Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to Carl Lyren who served in the United States Marine Corps in 2nd Marine Division the Pacific Theater. The materials of this collection are made up of maps, unclassified documents from both Japanese and U.S. forces, books, letters, interviews with veterans, photographs, newspaper clippings, and personal notes made by Carl Lyren in his research in writing on the battle of Peleliu, also in this collection is the  original manuscript of the publication Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":69,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e","timestamp":"2026-07-11T04:18:23.323Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/93843f695abc3ff145923e4e_aspace_9378a2a52adc1e3aec5a2e4ad260a335"}},{"id":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e_aspace_77bd1ff3c416c4967d03a4ee5e485ba9","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"\"81st Division\", 1944","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/93843f695abc3ff145923e4e_aspace_77bd1ff3c416c4967d03a4ee5e485ba9#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains declassified information including Operation Report 81st Infantry Division and Comments on the Japanese\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/93843f695abc3ff145923e4e_aspace_77bd1ff3c416c4967d03a4ee5e485ba9#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_77bd1ff3c416c4967d03a4ee5e485ba9","ref_ssm":["aspace_77bd1ff3c416c4967d03a4ee5e485ba9","aspace_77bd1ff3c416c4967d03a4ee5e485ba9"],"id":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e_aspace_77bd1ff3c416c4967d03a4ee5e485ba9","title_filing_ssi":"\"81st Division\"","title_ssm":["\"81st Division\""],"title_tesim":["\"81st Division\""],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1944"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1944"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"81st Division\", 1944"],"text":["\"81st Division\", 1944","Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19","001","/repositories/10/archival_objects/179529","18.0033 - Box 6","folder 001","This folder contains declassified information including Operation Report 81st Infantry Division and Comments on the Japanese"],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["93843f695abc3ff145923e4e"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["001","/repositories/10/archival_objects/179529"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":37,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"date_range_isim":[1944],"containers_ssim":["18.0033 - Box 6","folder 001"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains declassified information including Operation Report 81st Infantry Division and Comments on the Japanese\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This folder contains declassified information including Operation Report 81st Infantry Division and Comments on the Japanese"],"_nest_path_":"/components#36","_nest_parent_":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e","_root_":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e","timestamp":"2026-07-11T04:18:23.323Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e","title_filing_ssi":"Carl Lyren Peleliu Collection","title_ssm":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection"],"title_tesim":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection"],"ead_ssi":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e","unitdate_ssm":["1944-1998","Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1944-1998"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["18.0033","/repositories/10/resources/1492"],"text":["18.0033","/repositories/10/resources/1492","Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19","Peleliu, Battle of, Palau, 1944","World War, 1939-1945","Battle casualties","Marines","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Disvision, 1st","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Division, 1st","United States. Marine Corps--History--20th century","United States. Marine Corps--Military life","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 14th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th. Battalion, 1st.","United States. Marine Fighter Squadron, 214th--History.","Japan--History, Military","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Division, 5th","This collection is open to all researchers.","Born on November 4, 1925, U.S. Marine Marine Corps Sergeant Carl Lyren first served in the Asiatic-Pacific theater during World War II from 1943-1946 with Company C, 2nd Amtrac (Amphibious tractor) Battalion, 2nd Marine Division. He served on Saipan and Iheyajima, and survived a Japanese Kamikaze attack on LST 884 off Okinawa on April 1, 1945. He reenlisted in the Corps during the Korean Conflict from 1950-1952. He studied at the University of Indiana, and graduated from the University of Chicago in 1954 with a Master's degree in International Relations. Carl Lyren was a writer all his life, and was employed at many major advertising agencies in Chicago and New York, also specializing in food writing and authoring several cookbooks. Also among his publications include French Cooking for the American Table (with Rene Verdon), 365 Ways to Cook Chicken, and Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944. Lyren passed away on June 12, 2003.","\nProvided by Patricia Byrne Lyren, edited by Laran Dixon.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection relates to Carl Lyren who served in the United States Marine Corps in 2nd Marine Division the Pacific Theater. The materials of this collection are made up of maps, unclassified documents from both Japanese and U.S. forces, books, letters, interviews with veterans, photographs, newspaper clippings, and personal notes made by Carl Lyren in his research in writing on the battle of Peleliu, also in this collection is the  original manuscript of the publication Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003","English"],"unitid_tesim":["18.0033","/repositories/10/resources/1492"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"collection_ssim":["Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, 1944-1998, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Peleliu, Battle of, Palau, 1944"],"geogname_ssim":["Peleliu, Battle of, Palau, 1944"],"creator_ssm":["Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"creator_ssim":["Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"creators_ssim":["Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"places_ssim":["Peleliu, Battle of, Palau, 1944"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945","Battle casualties","Marines","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Disvision, 1st","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Division, 1st","United States. Marine Corps--History--20th century","United States. Marine Corps--Military life","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 14th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th. Battalion, 1st.","United States. Marine Fighter Squadron, 214th--History.","Japan--History, Military","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Division, 5th"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945","Battle casualties","Marines","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Disvision, 1st","United States--Marine Corps--Marine Division, 1st","United States. Marine Corps--History--20th century","United States. Marine Corps--Military life","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 14th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th--History.","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Regiment, 6th. Battalion, 1st.","United States. Marine Fighter Squadron, 214th--History.","Japan--History, Military","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Division, 5th"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.5 Linear Feet","3 folders Nine Legal-sized standard boxes (one containing a smaller box with photographs and four books), and three oversize folders located in oversize box 11."],"extent_tesim":["4.5 Linear Feet","3 folders Nine Legal-sized standard boxes (one containing a smaller box with photographs and four books), and three oversize folders located in oversize box 11."],"date_range_isim":[1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn on November 4, 1925, U.S. Marine Marine Corps Sergeant Carl Lyren first served in the Asiatic-Pacific theater during World War II from 1943-1946 with Company C, 2nd Amtrac (Amphibious tractor) Battalion, 2nd Marine Division. He served on Saipan and Iheyajima, and survived a Japanese Kamikaze attack on LST 884 off Okinawa on April 1, 1945. He reenlisted in the Corps during the Korean Conflict from 1950-1952. He studied at the University of Indiana, and graduated from the University of Chicago in 1954 with a Master's degree in International Relations. Carl Lyren was a writer all his life, and was employed at many major advertising agencies in Chicago and New York, also specializing in food writing and authoring several cookbooks. Also among his publications include French Cooking for the American Table (with Rene Verdon), 365 Ways to Cook Chicken, and Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944. Lyren passed away on June 12, 2003.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nProvided by Patricia Byrne Lyren, edited by Laran Dixon.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born on November 4, 1925, U.S. Marine Marine Corps Sergeant Carl Lyren first served in the Asiatic-Pacific theater during World War II from 1943-1946 with Company C, 2nd Amtrac (Amphibious tractor) Battalion, 2nd Marine Division. He served on Saipan and Iheyajima, and survived a Japanese Kamikaze attack on LST 884 off Okinawa on April 1, 1945. He reenlisted in the Corps during the Korean Conflict from 1950-1952. He studied at the University of Indiana, and graduated from the University of Chicago in 1954 with a Master's degree in International Relations. Carl Lyren was a writer all his life, and was employed at many major advertising agencies in Chicago and New York, also specializing in food writing and authoring several cookbooks. Also among his publications include French Cooking for the American Table (with Rene Verdon), 365 Ways to Cook Chicken, and Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944. Lyren passed away on June 12, 2003.","\nProvided by Patricia Byrne Lyren, edited by Laran Dixon."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_18_0033\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_18_0033\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Carl Lyren Peleliu collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_18_0033"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Carl Lyren who served in the United States Marine Corps in 2nd Marine Division the Pacific Theater. The materials of this collection are made up of maps, unclassified documents from both Japanese and U.S. forces, books, letters, interviews with veterans, photographs, newspaper clippings, and personal notes made by Carl Lyren in his research in writing on the battle of Peleliu, also in this collection is the  original manuscript of the publication Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to Carl Lyren who served in the United States Marine Corps in 2nd Marine Division the Pacific Theater. The materials of this collection are made up of maps, unclassified documents from both Japanese and U.S. forces, books, letters, interviews with veterans, photographs, newspaper clippings, and personal notes made by Carl Lyren in his research in writing on the battle of Peleliu, also in this collection is the  original manuscript of the publication Dogged Courage: The Struggle for Peleliu, 1944."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Lyren, Carl, 1925-2003"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":69,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"93843f695abc3ff145923e4e","timestamp":"2026-07-11T04:18:23.323Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/93843f695abc3ff145923e4e_aspace_77bd1ff3c416c4967d03a4ee5e485ba9"}},{"id":"110f96e930660839ef16aac1_aspace_221a923d2c7379da5c236b8a12423cd3","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"91st Bomb Group Memorial Association,  History of the 91st Bomb Group, 1942-1945","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/110f96e930660839ef16aac1_aspace_221a923d2c7379da5c236b8a12423cd3#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a spiral bound photocopied unit history book of the 91st Bomb Group compiled by the 91st Bomb Group Memorial Association. The book includes the history of the group, chronological list of events, missions, and lost aircraft and crews.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/110f96e930660839ef16aac1_aspace_221a923d2c7379da5c236b8a12423cd3#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_221a923d2c7379da5c236b8a12423cd3","ref_ssm":["aspace_221a923d2c7379da5c236b8a12423cd3","aspace_221a923d2c7379da5c236b8a12423cd3"],"id":"110f96e930660839ef16aac1_aspace_221a923d2c7379da5c236b8a12423cd3","title_filing_ssi":"91st Bomb Group Memorial Association,  History of the 91st Bomb Group","title_ssm":["91st Bomb Group Memorial Association,  History of the 91st Bomb Group"],"title_tesim":["91st Bomb Group Memorial Association,  History of the 91st Bomb Group"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1942-1945"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1942-1945"],"normalized_title_ssm":["91st Bomb Group Memorial Association,  History of the 91st Bomb Group, 1942-1945"],"text":["91st Bomb Group Memorial Association,  History of the 91st Bomb Group, 1942-1945","William Edward McKee Sr. collection, 1942-1996, Date acquired: 2020-12-05, Date accessioned: 2020-12-09, bulk 1943-1945","/repositories/10/archival_objects/191053","20.0010 - Box 6","folder 001","This folder contains a spiral bound photocopied unit history book of the 91st Bomb Group compiled by the 91st Bomb Group Memorial Association. The book includes the history of the group, chronological list of events, missions, and lost aircraft and crews."],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["110f96e930660839ef16aac1"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["William Edward McKee Sr. collection, 1942-1996, Date acquired: 2020-12-05, Date accessioned: 2020-12-09, bulk 1943-1945"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["William Edward McKee Sr. collection, 1942-1996, Date acquired: 2020-12-05, Date accessioned: 2020-12-09, bulk 1943-1945"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/10/archival_objects/191053"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["William Edward McKee Sr. collection, 1942-1996, Date acquired: 2020-12-05, Date accessioned: 2020-12-09, bulk 1943-1945"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":61,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"date_range_isim":[1942,1943,1944,1945],"containers_ssim":["20.0010 - Box 6","folder 001"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a spiral bound photocopied unit history book of the 91st Bomb Group compiled by the 91st Bomb Group Memorial Association. The book includes the history of the group, chronological list of events, missions, and lost aircraft and crews.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This folder contains a spiral bound photocopied unit history book of the 91st Bomb Group compiled by the 91st Bomb Group Memorial Association. The book includes the history of the group, chronological list of events, missions, and lost aircraft and crews."],"_nest_path_":"/components#60","_nest_parent_":"110f96e930660839ef16aac1","_root_":"110f96e930660839ef16aac1","_version_":1870857692171468800,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:02:10.673Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"110f96e930660839ef16aac1","title_filing_ssi":"McKee Sr., William Edward  collection","title_ssm":["William Edward McKee Sr. collection"],"title_tesim":["William Edward McKee Sr. collection"],"ead_ssi":"110f96e930660839ef16aac1","unitdate_ssm":["1942-1996","1943-1945","Date acquired: 2020-12-05","Date accessioned: 2020-12-09"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1943-1945"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1942-1996"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 2020-12-05","Date accessioned: 2020-12-09"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["20.0010","/repositories/10/resources/1811"],"text":["20.0010","/repositories/10/resources/1811","William Edward McKee Sr. collection, 1942-1996, Date acquired: 2020-12-05, Date accessioned: 2020-12-09, bulk 1943-1945","World War, 1939-1945 ---Prisoners and Prisons, German","United States. Army Air Forces. Bomber Command, 8th","World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Europe","Prisoners of war--Germany","Knit goods--Handbooks, manuals, etc","Knitting -- Patterns","Holocaust survivors","This collection is open to all researchers.","William Edward McKee Sr. was born on February 18, 1924 in New Rochelle, NY. He graduated New Rochelle High School.  Prior to joining the U.S. Army, he worked as a civilian courier for the U.S. Army.  He entered service with the U.S. Army Air Corps on February 16, 1943 and attended Basic training in Miami Beach, FL, Armament training at Buckley and Lowry Fields in Colorado, and gunnery school at Kingman Field, AZ. Mckee Sr. was assigned to the 324th Squadron, 91st Bombardment Group, and was sent to England on December 31, 1943.  The B-17 on which McKee Sr. served was combat damaged and crashed into the North Sea on March 29, 1944 on Mckee Sr's seven mission.  The entire crew was rescued by the German Navy.  McKee Sr. became as prisoner of war at Luft Stalag 17B near Krems, Austria. He was liberated in Bramall, Bavaria on May 3, 1945 by the 13th U.S. Armored Division and returned to the U.S. on June 12, 1945.  After the war, Mckee Sr. worked as a civilian fireman at Fr. Slocum, NY. He devoted the remainder of his life to lobbying for recognition and compensation of former U.S. prisoners of war.","Mckee Sr. passed away on January 16, 1996 and is buried in Arlington National Cemetery, Arlington, VA.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection relates to William Edward McKee Sr. who served as a sergeant with the 324th Squadron, 91st Heavy Bombardment Group, 8th Air Force in Europe during World War II.   McKee Sr. was shot down along with the crew of the B-17 bomber on March 29, 1944.  The entire crew survived and then became German prisoners of war at Luft Stalag 17B. Mckee Sr. received the Air Medal and Purple Heart Medal. This collection includes letters, documents, photographs, prisoner of war memorabilia, and memoirs.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 8th","United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Group, 91st","Stalag XVII B Krems-Gneixendorf","McKee, William Edward, Sr., 1924-1996","Bush, George, 1924-2018","Reagan, Ronald","English"],"unitid_tesim":["20.0010","/repositories/10/resources/1811"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1942-1996, Date acquired: 2020-12-05, Date accessioned: 2020-12-09, bulk 1943-1945"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Edward McKee Sr. collection, 1942-1996, Date acquired: 2020-12-05, Date accessioned: 2020-12-09, bulk 1943-1945"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Edward McKee Sr. collection, 1942-1996, Date acquired: 2020-12-05, Date accessioned: 2020-12-09, bulk 1943-1945"],"collection_ssim":["William Edward McKee Sr. collection, 1942-1996, Date acquired: 2020-12-05, Date accessioned: 2020-12-09, bulk 1943-1945"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945 ---Prisoners and Prisons, German"],"geogname_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945 ---Prisoners and Prisons, German"],"creator_ssm":["McKee, William Edward, Sr., 1924-1996"],"creator_ssim":["McKee, William Edward, Sr., 1924-1996"],"creator_persname_ssim":["McKee, William Edward, Sr., 1924-1996"],"creators_ssim":["McKee, William Edward, Sr., 1924-1996"],"places_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945 ---Prisoners and Prisons, German"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was donated by the son of William Edward McKee Sr., William E. McKee Jr. on December 5, 2020."],"access_subjects_ssim":["United States. Army Air Forces. Bomber Command, 8th","World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Europe","Prisoners of war--Germany","Knit goods--Handbooks, manuals, etc","Knitting -- Patterns","Holocaust survivors"],"access_subjects_ssm":["United States. Army Air Forces. Bomber Command, 8th","World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Europe","Prisoners of war--Germany","Knit goods--Handbooks, manuals, etc","Knitting -- Patterns","Holocaust survivors"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["5.5 Linear Feet 6 half boxes, 1 OS box (31.5x23.5\")"],"extent_tesim":["5.5 Linear Feet 6 half boxes, 1 OS box (31.5x23.5\")"],"date_range_isim":[1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Edward McKee Sr. was born on February 18, 1924 in New Rochelle, NY. He graduated New Rochelle High School.  Prior to joining the U.S. Army, he worked as a civilian courier for the U.S. Army.  He entered service with the U.S. Army Air Corps on February 16, 1943 and attended Basic training in Miami Beach, FL, Armament training at Buckley and Lowry Fields in Colorado, and gunnery school at Kingman Field, AZ. Mckee Sr. was assigned to the 324th Squadron, 91st Bombardment Group, and was sent to England on December 31, 1943.  The B-17 on which McKee Sr. served was combat damaged and crashed into the North Sea on March 29, 1944 on Mckee Sr's seven mission.  The entire crew was rescued by the German Navy.  McKee Sr. became as prisoner of war at Luft Stalag 17B near Krems, Austria. He was liberated in Bramall, Bavaria on May 3, 1945 by the 13th U.S. Armored Division and returned to the U.S. on June 12, 1945.  After the war, Mckee Sr. worked as a civilian fireman at Fr. Slocum, NY. He devoted the remainder of his life to lobbying for recognition and compensation of former U.S. prisoners of war.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMckee Sr. passed away on January 16, 1996 and is buried in Arlington National Cemetery, Arlington, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Edward McKee Sr. was born on February 18, 1924 in New Rochelle, NY. He graduated New Rochelle High School.  Prior to joining the U.S. Army, he worked as a civilian courier for the U.S. Army.  He entered service with the U.S. Army Air Corps on February 16, 1943 and attended Basic training in Miami Beach, FL, Armament training at Buckley and Lowry Fields in Colorado, and gunnery school at Kingman Field, AZ. Mckee Sr. was assigned to the 324th Squadron, 91st Bombardment Group, and was sent to England on December 31, 1943.  The B-17 on which McKee Sr. served was combat damaged and crashed into the North Sea on March 29, 1944 on Mckee Sr's seven mission.  The entire crew was rescued by the German Navy.  McKee Sr. became as prisoner of war at Luft Stalag 17B near Krems, Austria. He was liberated in Bramall, Bavaria on May 3, 1945 by the 13th U.S. Armored Division and returned to the U.S. on June 12, 1945.  After the war, Mckee Sr. worked as a civilian fireman at Fr. Slocum, NY. He devoted the remainder of his life to lobbying for recognition and compensation of former U.S. prisoners of war.","Mckee Sr. passed away on January 16, 1996 and is buried in Arlington National Cemetery, Arlington, VA."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], William Edward McKee Sr. collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-20-2010\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], William Edward McKee Sr. collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-20-2010"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to William Edward McKee Sr. who served as a sergeant with the 324th Squadron, 91st Heavy Bombardment Group, 8th Air Force in Europe during World War II.   McKee Sr. was shot down along with the crew of the B-17 bomber on March 29, 1944.  The entire crew survived and then became German prisoners of war at Luft Stalag 17B. Mckee Sr. received the Air Medal and Purple Heart Medal. This collection includes letters, documents, photographs, prisoner of war memorabilia, and memoirs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to William Edward McKee Sr. who served as a sergeant with the 324th Squadron, 91st Heavy Bombardment Group, 8th Air Force in Europe during World War II.   McKee Sr. was shot down along with the crew of the B-17 bomber on March 29, 1944.  The entire crew survived and then became German prisoners of war at Luft Stalag 17B. Mckee Sr. received the Air Medal and Purple Heart Medal. This collection includes letters, documents, photographs, prisoner of war memorabilia, and memoirs."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 8th","United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Group, 91st","Stalag XVII B Krems-Gneixendorf","Bush, George, 1924-2018","Reagan, Ronald"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 8th","United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Group, 91st","Stalag XVII B Krems-Gneixendorf","McKee, William Edward, Sr., 1924-1996","Bush, George, 1924-2018","Reagan, Ronald"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 8th","United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Group, 91st","Stalag XVII B Krems-Gneixendorf"],"persname_ssim":["McKee, William Edward, Sr., 1924-1996","Bush, George, 1924-2018","Reagan, Ronald"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":95,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870857692171468800,"_root_":"110f96e930660839ef16aac1","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:02:10.673Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/110f96e930660839ef16aac1_aspace_221a923d2c7379da5c236b8a12423cd3"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","value":"Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","hits":328},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Michael+A.+Spencer+Bromeliad+Research+Collection%2C+1754-2014\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Office of the President, 1883-1957","value":"Office of the President, 1883-1957","hits":263},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Office+of+the+President%2C+1883-1957\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Dr. Heather Frazer and Dr. John O'Sullivan Research Collection, 1871 - 2006","value":"Dr. Heather Frazer and Dr. John O'Sullivan Research Collection, 1871 - 2006","hits":200},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Dr.+Heather+Frazer+and+Dr.+John+O%27Sullivan+Research+Collection%2C+1871+-+2006\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Badia Family WWII Letters, bulk 1941-1947","value":"Badia Family WWII Letters, bulk 1941-1947","hits":136},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Badia+Family+WWII+Letters%2C+bulk+1941-1947\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Hazel Louis Bowman collection, bulk 1930-1948","value":"Hazel Louis Bowman collection, bulk 1930-1948","hits":109},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Hazel+Louis+Bowman+collection%2C+bulk+1930-1948\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Herbert and Betty Colker papers, 1935-1947, Date accessioned: 2011-01-26","value":"Herbert and Betty Colker papers, 1935-1947, Date accessioned: 2011-01-26","hits":91},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Herbert+and+Betty+Colker+papers%2C+1935-1947%2C+Date+accessioned%3A+2011-01-26\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Edward J. Sidote collection, 1942-1946, Date acquired: 04/10/2000, bulk 1943-1945","value":"Edward J. Sidote collection, 1942-1946, Date acquired: 04/10/2000, bulk 1943-1945","hits":79},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Edward+J.+Sidote+collection%2C+1942-1946%2C+Date+acquired%3A+04%2F10%2F2000%2C+bulk+1943-1945\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998","value":"484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998","hits":69},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=484th+Bombardment+Group+Association+papers%2C+1939-1998\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Dorothy Porter Wesley Collection, Circa 1788-2012","value":"Dorothy Porter Wesley Collection, Circa 1788-2012","hits":64},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Dorothy+Porter+Wesley+Collection%2C+Circa+1788-2012\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"World War II Collection, bulk 1920-1980","value":"World War II Collection, bulk 1920-1980","hits":60},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=World+War+II+Collection%2C+bulk+1920-1980\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997","value":"Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997","hits":59},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Children%27s+Home+Society+of+Florida+collection%2C+1862-2019%2C+bulk+1902-1997\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/facet/collection_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"type":"facet","id":"creator_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Creator","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Stecher, Jo","value":"Stecher, Jo","hits":60},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Stecher%2C+Jo\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Downes, Olin, 1886-1955","value":"Downes, Olin, 1886-1955","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Downes%2C+Olin%2C+1886-1955\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Gregory, David","value":"Gregory, David","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Gregory%2C+David\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"McCranie, Kevin","value":"McCranie, Kevin","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=McCranie%2C+Kevin\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Armstrong, Lyle D., 1926-2019","value":"Armstrong, Lyle D., 1926-2019","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Armstrong%2C+Lyle+D.%2C+1926-2019\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Bendeck, Whitney","value":"Bendeck, Whitney","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Bendeck%2C+Whitney\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Brown (Alvin H.), 1919-","value":"Brown (Alvin H.), 1919-","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Brown+%28Alvin+H.%29%2C+1919-\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Campbell, Judie, 1922-2008","value":"Campbell, Judie, 1922-2008","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Campbell%2C+Judie%2C+1922-2008\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Chapo, Pamela Sue","value":"Chapo, Pamela Sue","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Chapo%2C+Pamela+Sue\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Crum, Dwight R., 1919-2007","value":"Crum, Dwight R., 1919-2007","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Crum%2C+Dwight+R.%2C+1919-2007\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Cunningham, Harry F. (Harry Francis Cunningham), 1888-1959","value":"Cunningham, Harry F. (Harry Francis Cunningham), 1888-1959","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Cunningham%2C+Harry+F.+%28Harry+Francis+Cunningham%29%2C+1888-1959\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/facet/creator_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"type":"facet","id":"date_range_isim","attributes":{"label":"Date range","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"1944","value":"1944","hits":3656},"links":{"remove":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1945","value":"1945","hits":2526},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1945\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1943","value":"1943","hits":2298},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1943\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1942","value":"1942","hits":1787},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1942\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1946","value":"1946","hits":1759},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1946\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1947","value":"1947","hits":1532},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1947\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1948","value":"1948","hits":1449},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1948\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1941","value":"1941","hits":1405},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1941\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1949","value":"1949","hits":1380},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1949\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1950","value":"1950","hits":1291},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1950\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1940","value":"1940","hits":1205},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1940\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1951","value":"1951","hits":1196},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1951\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1952","value":"1952","hits":1156},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1952\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1953","value":"1953","hits":1117},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1953\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1954","value":"1954","hits":1079},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1954\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1955","value":"1955","hits":1049},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1955\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1939","value":"1939","hits":1013},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1939\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1956","value":"1956","hits":995},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1956\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1957","value":"1957","hits":958},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1957\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1938","value":"1938","hits":894},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1938\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1958","value":"1958","hits":799},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1958\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1937","value":"1937","hits":798},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1937\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1959","value":"1959","hits":784},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1959\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1960","value":"1960","hits":759},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1960\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1936","value":"1936","hits":736},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1936\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1961","value":"1961","hits":707},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1961\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1962","value":"1962","hits":695},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1962\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1935","value":"1935","hits":672},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1935\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1963","value":"1963","hits":668},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1963\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1964","value":"1964","hits":646},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1964\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1934","value":"1934","hits":631},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1934\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1965","value":"1965","hits":631},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1965\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1933","value":"1933","hits":611},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1933\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1966","value":"1966","hits":608},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1966\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1967","value":"1967","hits":602},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1967\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1932","value":"1932","hits":591},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1932\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1968","value":"1968","hits":581},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1968\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1931","value":"1931","hits":575},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1931\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1969","value":"1969","hits":571},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1969\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1970","value":"1970","hits":565},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1970\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1930","value":"1930","hits":553},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1930\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1971","value":"1971","hits":534},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1971\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1972","value":"1972","hits":528},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1972\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1973","value":"1973","hits":511},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1973\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1929","value":"1929","hits":503},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1929\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1974","value":"1974","hits":500},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1974\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1975","value":"1975","hits":483},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1975\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1928","value":"1928","hits":476},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1976","value":"1976","hits":472},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1927","value":"1927","hits":460},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1927\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1977","value":"1977","hits":457},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1977\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1926","value":"1926","hits":443},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1926\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1978","value":"1978","hits":442},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1978\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1979","value":"1979","hits":431},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1925","value":"1925","hits":426},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1925\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1980","value":"1980","hits":418},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1980\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1981","value":"1981","hits":392},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1982","value":"1982","hits":384},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1982\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1983","value":"1983","hits":360},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1983\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1984","value":"1984","hits":339},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1984\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1985","value":"1985","hits":322},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1985\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1986","value":"1986","hits":309},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1987","value":"1987","hits":295},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1987\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1924","value":"1924","hits":294},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1924\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1988","value":"1988","hits":285},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1988\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1923","value":"1923","hits":282},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1923\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1922","value":"1922","hits":266},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1922\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1989","value":"1989","hits":257},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1989\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1921","value":"1921","hits":250},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1921\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1920","value":"1920","hits":242},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1920\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1990","value":"1990","hits":236},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1990\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1919","value":"1919","hits":219},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1919\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1991","value":"1991","hits":212},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1991\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1918","value":"1918","hits":209},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1918\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1917","value":"1917","hits":202},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1917\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1916","value":"1916","hits":198},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1916\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1992","value":"1992","hits":198},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1992\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1915","value":"1915","hits":194},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1915\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1914","value":"1914","hits":187},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1914\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1993","value":"1993","hits":185},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1993\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1913","value":"1913","hits":178},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1913\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1912","value":"1912","hits":177},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1912\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1911","value":"1911","hits":172},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1911\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1910","value":"1910","hits":168},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1910\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1909","value":"1909","hits":163},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1909\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1994","value":"1994","hits":162},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1994\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1907","value":"1907","hits":157},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1907\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1908","value":"1908","hits":157},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1908\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1906","value":"1906","hits":152},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1906\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1995","value":"1995","hits":148},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1995\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1905","value":"1905","hits":146},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1905\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1904","value":"1904","hits":140},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1904\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1903","value":"1903","hits":137},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1903\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1996","value":"1996","hits":136},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1996\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1902","value":"1902","hits":134},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1902\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1997","value":"1997","hits":134},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1997\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1901","value":"1901","hits":129},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1901\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1998","value":"1998","hits":126},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1998\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1900","value":"1900","hits":123},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1900\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1999","value":"1999","hits":116},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1999\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/facet/date_range_isim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"type":"facet","id":"level_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Level","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"File","value":"File","hits":3656},"links":{"remove":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Collection","value":"Collection","hits":34},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/facet/level_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"type":"facet","id":"names_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Names","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Stecher, Jo","value":"Stecher, Jo","hits":60},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Stecher%2C+Jo"}},{"attributes":{"label":"FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","value":"FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","hits":22},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=FSU+Special+Collections+%26+Archives"}},{"attributes":{"label":"AARLCC Special Collections","value":"AARLCC Special Collections","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=AARLCC+Special+Collections"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Downes, Olin, 1886-1955","value":"Downes, Olin, 1886-1955","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Downes%2C+Olin%2C+1886-1955"}},{"attributes":{"label":"USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","value":"USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=USF+Libraries+-+Tampa+Special+Collections"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","value":"Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Eisenhower%2C+Dwight+D.+%28Dwight+David%29%2C+1890-1969"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Gregory, David","value":"Gregory, David","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Gregory%2C+David"}},{"attributes":{"label":"McCranie, Kevin","value":"McCranie, Kevin","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=McCranie%2C+Kevin"}},{"attributes":{"label":"USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives","value":"USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=USF+Libraries+-+St.+Petersburg+Special+Collections+%26+University+Archives"}},{"attributes":{"label":" Broward County Historical Archives","value":" Broward County Historical Archives","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=+Broward+County+Historical+Archives"}},{"attributes":{"label":"14th Air Force Association (U.S.). Flying Tigers","value":"14th Air Force Association (U.S.). Flying Tigers","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=14th+Air+Force+Association+%28U.S.%29.+Flying+Tigers"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/facet/names_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","value":"FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","hits":1762},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=FSU+Special+Collections+%26+Archives"}},{"attributes":{"label":"UCF Special Collections","value":"UCF Special Collections","hits":562},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=UCF+Special+Collections"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Florida Atlantic University Libraries","value":"Florida Atlantic University Libraries","hits":338},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Florida+Atlantic+University+Libraries"}},{"attributes":{"label":"The Florida Southern College Archives","value":"The Florida Southern College Archives","hits":273},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=The+Florida+Southern+College+Archives"}},{"attributes":{"label":"AARLCC Special Collections","value":"AARLCC Special Collections","hits":131},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=AARLCC+Special+Collections"}},{"attributes":{"label":"USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","value":"USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","hits":124},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=USF+Libraries+-+Tampa+Special+Collections"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Florida Gulf Coast University Special Collections","value":"Florida Gulf Coast University Special Collections","hits":113},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Florida+Gulf+Coast+University+Special+Collections"}},{"attributes":{"label":"The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections","value":"The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections","hits":108},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=The+Sarah+D.+and+L.+Kirk+McKay%2C+Jr.+Archives+Center+Manuscript+Collections"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Broward County Historical Archives","value":"Broward County Historical Archives","hits":94},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Broward+County+Historical+Archives"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives","value":"Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives","hits":63},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Thomas+B.+Mack+Florida+Citrus+Archives"}},{"attributes":{"label":"FIU Special Collections","value":"FIU Special Collections","hits":42},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=FIU+Special+Collections"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"type":"facet","id":"geogname_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Places","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Belfast (Northern Ireland)","value":"Belfast (Northern Ireland)","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Belfast+%28Northern+Ireland%29"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Camp Blanding (Fla.)","value":"Camp Blanding (Fla.)","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Camp+Blanding+%28Fla.%29"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Iceland","value":"Iceland","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Iceland"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Ireland","value":"Ireland","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Ireland"}},{"attributes":{"label":"World War II","value":"World War II","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=World+War+II"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Fort George G. Meade (Md.)","value":"Fort George G. Meade (Md.)","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Fort+George+G.+Meade+%28Md.%29"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Le Havre (France)","value":"Le Havre (France)","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Le+Havre+%28France%29"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Africa -- Research","value":"Africa -- Research","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Africa+--+Research"}},{"attributes":{"label":"America Latina","value":"America Latina","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=America+Latina"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Arcadia (Fla.)","value":"Arcadia (Fla.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Arcadia+%28Fla.%29"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Archives","value":"Archives","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Archives"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/facet/geogname_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"type":"facet","id":"access_subjects_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Subjects","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"World War, 1939-1945","value":"World War, 1939-1945","hits":10},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=World+War%2C+1939-1945\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American","value":"World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American","hits":10},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=World+War%2C+1939-1945--Personal+narratives%2C+American\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Correspondence","value":"Correspondence","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Correspondence\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Music publishing","value":"Music publishing","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Music+publishing\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Musical criticism","value":"Musical criticism","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Musical+criticism\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Battle of the Bulge","value":"Battle of the Bulge","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Battle+of+the+Bulge\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Manuscripts","value":"Manuscripts","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Manuscripts\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Musicology","value":"Musicology","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Musicology\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Photographs","value":"Photographs","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Photographs\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Rationing","value":"Rationing","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Rationing\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"United States. Army--History--World War, 1939-1945","value":"United States. Army--History--World War, 1939-1945","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=United+States.+Army--History--World+War%2C+1939-1945\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/facet/access_subjects_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"all_fields","attributes":{"label":"All Fields"},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=4\u0026search_field=all_fields"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"keyword","attributes":{"label":"Keyword"},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=4\u0026search_field=keyword"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"name","attributes":{"label":"Name"},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=4\u0026search_field=name"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"place","attributes":{"label":"Place"},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=4\u0026search_field=place"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"subject","attributes":{"label":"Subject"},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=4\u0026search_field=subject"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"title","attributes":{"label":"Title"},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=4\u0026search_field=title"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"container","attributes":{"label":"Container"},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=4\u0026search_field=container"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"identifier","attributes":{"label":"Identifier"},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=4\u0026search_field=identifier"}},{"type":"sort","id":"score desc, title_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"relevance"},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=4\u0026sort=score+desc%2C+title_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"date_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"date (ascending)"},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=4\u0026sort=date_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"date_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"date (descending)"},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=4\u0026sort=date_sort+desc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"creator_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"creator (A-Z)"},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=4\u0026sort=creator_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"creator_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"creator (Z-A)"},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=4\u0026sort=creator_sort+desc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"title_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"title (A-Z)"},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=4\u0026sort=title_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"title_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"title (Z-A)"},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=4\u0026sort=title_sort+desc"}}]}