{"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1943\u0026page=249\u0026view=compact","prev":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1943\u0026page=248\u0026view=compact","next":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1943\u0026page=250\u0026view=compact","last":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1943\u0026page=541\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":249,"next_page":250,"prev_page":248,"total_pages":541,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":2480,"total_count":5405,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"8936e1529956230dd7d1e475","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Joseph Jennings transcript, 1922-2008, Date acquired: 12/07/2001, bulk 1941-1945","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8936e1529956230dd7d1e475#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Jennings, Joseph"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8936e1529956230dd7d1e475#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of an oral history interview transcript of Joseph Jennings, who was enlisted in the U.S. Navy and worked as an aircraft radio operator during World War II and served in the South Atlantic guarding the Brazilian coastline near Rio do Janeiro. The interview covers his duties and anecdotes, like his training in Norfolk, VA, his emergency appendectomy, and his time in Dutch Guyana. 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The interview covers his duties and anecdotes, like his training in Norfolk, VA, his emergency appendectomy, and his time in Dutch Guyana. The interview also describes his early years during the Great Depression in Oklahoma.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of an oral history interview transcript of Joseph Jennings, who was enlisted in the U.S. Navy and worked as an aircraft radio operator during World War II and served in the South Atlantic guarding the Brazilian coastline near Rio do Janeiro. The interview covers his duties and anecdotes, like his training in Norfolk, VA, his emergency appendectomy, and his time in Dutch Guyana. 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Cittadini collection, 1943-2005, Date acquired: 10/22/2004, bulk 1944","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/6a5e8e878dcb645f10e9a6e6#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Cittadini, Joseph L."],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/6a5e8e878dcb645f10e9a6e6#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Joseph L. Cittadini who served as a Navigator with the 384th Bombardment Group.  The collection includes photographs, letters, and official documents from his time as a navigator with the US Army Air Corp and his time as a prisoner of war during World War II. Photographs include several of Cittadini with his crew of the \"Goin' Dawg\" and \"Nutalls Nut House\" B-17 bombers. 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Cittadini collection, 1943-2005, Date acquired: 10/22/2004, bulk 1944","Stalag Luft XIII","Stalag Luft VII","Grafton-Underwood (Eng.)","Nuremberg (Germany)","World War, 1939-1945--Germany","Prisoners of war--Europe--Interviews","World War, 1939-1945--Prisoners and prisons","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations","World War, 1939-1945--Great Britain","Prisoners of war--United States","Navigation (Aeronautics)","This collection is open to all researchers.","Joseph L. Cittadini was born September 15, 1916, in Montreal, Canada. At age 11, he moved to Brooklyn, New York, where he lived for most of his adult life with wife Florence.On August 14, 1943, he joined active service at age 25, making him one of the older men during his Navigator Pre-Flight and Advanced training at Selman Field, Lousiana. As part of the 384th Bomb Group out of Grafton-Underwood in England, he completed 19 missions before his plane went down on the 20th. Cittadini was then captured and held as a prisoner of war for almost a year, primarily at Stalag Luft III in Sagan, Germany, then in Stalag XIIID in Nurnberg, then finally in Stalag Luft VIIA in Moosberg, moving each time allied forces drew near. The camp in Moosberg was liberated by General Patton's 3rd Army on April 29, 1945.","Upon release, he was sent to Miami Beach, Florida and then Ellington Field, Texas for rehabilitation. After the war, he received the Purple Heart for wounds received during his 20th mission. Cittadini left active service in December of 1945, though he remained a reserve officer until 1968. The last few years of his life were spent in Melbourne, Florida near Patrick Air Force Base. His rank at death was Lieutenant Colonel.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection relates to Joseph L. Cittadini who served as a Navigator with the 384th Bombardment Group.  The collection includes photographs, letters, and official documents from his time as a navigator with the US Army Air Corp and his time as a prisoner of war during World War II. Photographs include several of Cittadini with his crew of the \"Goin' Dawg\" and \"Nutalls Nut House\" B-17 bombers. Cittadini was a prisoner of war for a year after being shot down on a mission over Berlin and was held in several POW camps, but primarily in Stalag Luft III in Sagan, Germany. His account of this is told in detail in both a manuscript and an oral history transcript.","Other documents include letters from his wife, Florence, detailing her experiences as a wife of a soldier who was missing in action. Several official records are included, which give information on topics such as Cittadini's marriage, his receipt of a Purple Heart, and his medical history. Also included is a copy of the October 1944 edition of the Navigator's Information File.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Group, 384th","United States. Army. European Theater of Operations","Stalag Luft III","Cittadini, Joseph L.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["01.0359","/repositories/10/resources/918"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1943-2005, Date acquired: 10/22/2004, bulk 1944"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joseph L. 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His rank at death was Lieutenant Colonel."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Joseph L. Cittadini collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_01_0359\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_01_0359\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Joseph L. Cittadini collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_01_0359 ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Joseph L. Cittadini who served as a Navigator with the 384th Bombardment Group.\u0026#xA0; The collection includes photographs, letters, and official documents from his time as a navigator with the US Army Air Corp and his time as a prisoner of war during World War II. Photographs include several of Cittadini with his crew of the \"Goin' Dawg\" and \"Nutalls Nut House\" B-17 bombers. Cittadini was a prisoner of war for a year after being shot down on a mission over Berlin and was held in several POW camps, but primarily in Stalag Luft III in Sagan, Germany. His account of this is told in detail in both a manuscript and an oral history transcript.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOther documents include letters from his wife, Florence, detailing her experiences as a wife of a soldier who was missing in action. Several official records are included, which give information on topics such as Cittadini's marriage, his receipt of a Purple Heart, and his medical history. Also included is a copy of the October 1944 edition of the Navigator's Information File.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to Joseph L. Cittadini who served as a Navigator with the 384th Bombardment Group.  The collection includes photographs, letters, and official documents from his time as a navigator with the US Army Air Corp and his time as a prisoner of war during World War II. Photographs include several of Cittadini with his crew of the \"Goin' Dawg\" and \"Nutalls Nut House\" B-17 bombers. Cittadini was a prisoner of war for a year after being shot down on a mission over Berlin and was held in several POW camps, but primarily in Stalag Luft III in Sagan, Germany. His account of this is told in detail in both a manuscript and an oral history transcript.","Other documents include letters from his wife, Florence, detailing her experiences as a wife of a soldier who was missing in action. Several official records are included, which give information on topics such as Cittadini's marriage, his receipt of a Purple Heart, and his medical history. 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Cittadini who served as a Navigator with the 384th Bombardment Group.  The collection includes photographs, letters, and official documents from his time as a navigator with the US Army Air Corp and his time as a prisoner of war during World War II. Photographs include several of Cittadini with his crew of the \"Goin' Dawg\" and \"Nutalls Nut House\" B-17 bombers. Cittadini was a prisoner of war for a year after being shot down on a mission over Berlin and was held in several POW camps, but primarily in Stalag Luft III in Sagan, Germany. His account of this is told in detail in both a manuscript and an oral history transcript.","Other documents include letters from his wife, Florence, detailing her experiences as a wife of a soldier who was missing in action. Several official records are included, which give information on topics such as Cittadini's marriage, his receipt of a Purple Heart, and his medical history. 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His rank at death was Lieutenant Colonel."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Joseph L. Cittadini collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_01_0359\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_01_0359\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Joseph L. 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Photographs include several of Cittadini with his crew of the \"Goin' Dawg\" and \"Nutalls Nut House\" B-17 bombers. Cittadini was a prisoner of war for a year after being shot down on a mission over Berlin and was held in several POW camps, but primarily in Stalag Luft III in Sagan, Germany. His account of this is told in detail in both a manuscript and an oral history transcript.","Other documents include letters from his wife, Florence, detailing her experiences as a wife of a soldier who was missing in action. Several official records are included, which give information on topics such as Cittadini's marriage, his receipt of a Purple Heart, and his medical history. 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He served in the Philippines prior to the invasion by Japan as a medical doctor. He was wounded in the back by a Japanese soldier who hit him with his rifle the day that he was incarcerated. After becoming a prisoner of war, Peters survived the Bataan Death March and internment in a Japanese prison camp. His medals include a Silver Star, Bronze Star, Purple Heart, Legion of Merit, and a Philippine Defense Medal. Peters passed away on February 11, 1980, in San Diego, CA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joseph Peters was born on March 10, 1909. He served in the Philippines prior to the invasion by Japan as a medical doctor. He was wounded in the back by a Japanese soldier who hit him with his rifle the day that he was incarcerated. After becoming a prisoner of war, Peters survived the Bataan Death March and internment in a Japanese prison camp. His medals include a Silver Star, Bronze Star, Purple Heart, Legion of Merit, and a Philippine Defense Medal. Peters passed away on February 11, 1980, in San Diego, CA."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Joseph Peters papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_07_0073\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_07_0073\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Joseph Peters papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_07_0073 ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains an unpublished biography of Joseph Peters entitled \"An Ordinary Hero.\" Peters served as a medical doctor in the Philippines during World War II and retired a Colonel. The collection also includes a letter about his 1952 retirement and a letter to his daughter about an injury stating that the initial injury was sustained upon capture by the Japanese in 1942.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains an unpublished biography of Joseph Peters entitled \"An Ordinary Hero.\" Peters served as a medical doctor in the Philippines during World War II and retired a Colonel. The collection also includes a letter about his 1952 retirement and a letter to his daughter about an injury stating that the initial injury was sustained upon capture by the Japanese in 1942."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Army","United States. Army. Medical Service Corps"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army","United States. Army. Medical Service Corps","Peters, Joseph Franklin"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army","United States. Army. Medical Service Corps"],"persname_ssim":["Peters, Joseph Franklin"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"8fe9970b6f0b4e7995b8352b","timestamp":"2026-07-08T11:15:45.813Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8fe9970b6f0b4e7995b8352b"}},{"id":"3aa44c844434bb72164107fe","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Joseph Z. Smith Collection, Circa 1922-2000","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/3aa44c844434bb72164107fe#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThe Joseph Z. Smith Collection documents Bishop Joseph Z. Smith's career in the Church of God and community organizing and contains 16 photographs of Bishop Joseph Z. Smith and his family and associates and a biographical description.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/3aa44c844434bb72164107fe#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"3aa44c844434bb72164107fe","title_filing_ssi":"Smith, Joseph Z. Collection","title_ssm":["Joseph Z. Smith Collection"],"title_tesim":["Joseph Z. Smith Collection"],"ead_ssi":"3aa44c844434bb72164107fe","unitdate_ssm":["Circa 1922-2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 1922-2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["BCHA.2000.12","/repositories/4/resources/199"],"text":["BCHA.2000.12","/repositories/4/resources/199","Joseph Z. Smith Collection, Circa 1922-2000","Bahamian Americans","Collection is open for research.","Reverend Joseph Zepheniah \"Papa\" Smith was born on May 16th, 1903 on Long Island, Bahamas who became Bishop and local entrepeneur for the local black community. After a being an educator in the Bahamas he came to work on Flager's railroad. He became part of Fort Lauderdale's Church of God at 211 N.W. 5th Avenue and was recruited to the ministry by the church's founder Bishop J.H. Curry. He married Anna Stirrup in 1922 and had nine children together. He was licensed to pastor \"Colored Churches\" in in Del Ray, Deerfield, Pahokee, Fort Myers, St. Petersburg, Daytona and Dania. After becoming a Bishop in 1942 he was overseer of all Colored Church of God congregations in Indiana, Michigan and Illinois. In 1948 he joined one of the 12 member State of Florida Bishop's Councilman of the Colored Work. His position in church, community, and business affairs lead to cooperation with figures such as Dr. Von. D. Mizell, Sylvia Aldridge, and Sheriff Walter Clark.","The Joseph Z. Smith Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.","The Joseph Z. Smith Collection documents Bishop Joseph Z. Smith's career in the Church of God and community organizing and contains 16 photographs of Bishop Joseph Z. Smith and his family and associates and a biographical description."," Broward County Historical Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["BCHA.2000.12","/repositories/4/resources/199"],"normalized_date_ssm":["Circa 1922-2000"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joseph Z. Smith Collection, Circa 1922-2000"],"collection_title_tesim":["Joseph Z. Smith Collection, Circa 1922-2000"],"collection_ssim":["Joseph Z. Smith Collection, Circa 1922-2000"],"repository_ssm":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Bahamian Americans"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Bahamian Americans"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Folder"],"extent_tesim":["1 Folder"],"date_range_isim":[1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eReverend Joseph Zepheniah \"Papa\" Smith was born on May 16th, 1903 on Long Island, Bahamas who became Bishop and local entrepeneur for the local black community. After a being an educator in the Bahamas he came to work on Flager's railroad. He became part of Fort Lauderdale's Church of God at 211 N.W. 5th Avenue and was recruited to the ministry by the church's founder Bishop J.H. Curry. He married Anna Stirrup in 1922 and had nine children together. He was licensed to pastor \"Colored Churches\" in in Del Ray, Deerfield, Pahokee, Fort Myers, St. Petersburg, Daytona and Dania. After becoming a Bishop in 1942 he was overseer of all Colored Church of God congregations in Indiana, Michigan and Illinois. In 1948 he joined one of the 12 member State of Florida Bishop's Councilman of the Colored Work. His position in church, community, and business affairs lead to cooperation with figures such as Dr. Von. D. Mizell, Sylvia Aldridge, and Sheriff Walter Clark.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Reverend Joseph Zepheniah \"Papa\" Smith was born on May 16th, 1903 on Long Island, Bahamas who became Bishop and local entrepeneur for the local black community. After a being an educator in the Bahamas he came to work on Flager's railroad. He became part of Fort Lauderdale's Church of God at 211 N.W. 5th Avenue and was recruited to the ministry by the church's founder Bishop J.H. Curry. He married Anna Stirrup in 1922 and had nine children together. He was licensed to pastor \"Colored Churches\" in in Del Ray, Deerfield, Pahokee, Fort Myers, St. Petersburg, Daytona and Dania. After becoming a Bishop in 1942 he was overseer of all Colored Church of God congregations in Indiana, Michigan and Illinois. In 1948 he joined one of the 12 member State of Florida Bishop's Councilman of the Colored Work. His position in church, community, and business affairs lead to cooperation with figures such as Dr. Von. D. Mizell, Sylvia Aldridge, and Sheriff Walter Clark."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoseph Z. Smith Collection, Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Joseph Z. Smith Collection, Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Joseph Z. Smith Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The Joseph Z. Smith Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Joseph Z. Smith Collection documents Bishop Joseph Z. Smith's career in the Church of God and community organizing and contains 16 photographs of Bishop Joseph Z. Smith and his family and associates and a biographical description.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Joseph Z. Smith Collection documents Bishop Joseph Z. Smith's career in the Church of God and community organizing and contains 16 photographs of Bishop Joseph Z. Smith and his family and associates and a biographical description."],"names_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives"],"corpname_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"3aa44c844434bb72164107fe","timestamp":"2026-04-21T02:12:13.626Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"3aa44c844434bb72164107fe","title_filing_ssi":"Smith, Joseph Z. Collection","title_ssm":["Joseph Z. Smith Collection"],"title_tesim":["Joseph Z. Smith Collection"],"ead_ssi":"3aa44c844434bb72164107fe","unitdate_ssm":["Circa 1922-2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 1922-2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["BCHA.2000.12","/repositories/4/resources/199"],"text":["BCHA.2000.12","/repositories/4/resources/199","Joseph Z. Smith Collection, Circa 1922-2000","Bahamian Americans","Collection is open for research.","Reverend Joseph Zepheniah \"Papa\" Smith was born on May 16th, 1903 on Long Island, Bahamas who became Bishop and local entrepeneur for the local black community. After a being an educator in the Bahamas he came to work on Flager's railroad. He became part of Fort Lauderdale's Church of God at 211 N.W. 5th Avenue and was recruited to the ministry by the church's founder Bishop J.H. Curry. He married Anna Stirrup in 1922 and had nine children together. He was licensed to pastor \"Colored Churches\" in in Del Ray, Deerfield, Pahokee, Fort Myers, St. Petersburg, Daytona and Dania. After becoming a Bishop in 1942 he was overseer of all Colored Church of God congregations in Indiana, Michigan and Illinois. In 1948 he joined one of the 12 member State of Florida Bishop's Councilman of the Colored Work. His position in church, community, and business affairs lead to cooperation with figures such as Dr. Von. D. Mizell, Sylvia Aldridge, and Sheriff Walter Clark.","The Joseph Z. Smith Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.","The Joseph Z. Smith Collection documents Bishop Joseph Z. Smith's career in the Church of God and community organizing and contains 16 photographs of Bishop Joseph Z. Smith and his family and associates and a biographical description."," Broward County Historical Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["BCHA.2000.12","/repositories/4/resources/199"],"normalized_date_ssm":["Circa 1922-2000"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joseph Z. Smith Collection, Circa 1922-2000"],"collection_title_tesim":["Joseph Z. Smith Collection, Circa 1922-2000"],"collection_ssim":["Joseph Z. Smith Collection, Circa 1922-2000"],"repository_ssm":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Bahamian Americans"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Bahamian Americans"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Folder"],"extent_tesim":["1 Folder"],"date_range_isim":[1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eReverend Joseph Zepheniah \"Papa\" Smith was born on May 16th, 1903 on Long Island, Bahamas who became Bishop and local entrepeneur for the local black community. After a being an educator in the Bahamas he came to work on Flager's railroad. He became part of Fort Lauderdale's Church of God at 211 N.W. 5th Avenue and was recruited to the ministry by the church's founder Bishop J.H. Curry. He married Anna Stirrup in 1922 and had nine children together. He was licensed to pastor \"Colored Churches\" in in Del Ray, Deerfield, Pahokee, Fort Myers, St. Petersburg, Daytona and Dania. After becoming a Bishop in 1942 he was overseer of all Colored Church of God congregations in Indiana, Michigan and Illinois. In 1948 he joined one of the 12 member State of Florida Bishop's Councilman of the Colored Work. His position in church, community, and business affairs lead to cooperation with figures such as Dr. Von. D. Mizell, Sylvia Aldridge, and Sheriff Walter Clark.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Reverend Joseph Zepheniah \"Papa\" Smith was born on May 16th, 1903 on Long Island, Bahamas who became Bishop and local entrepeneur for the local black community. After a being an educator in the Bahamas he came to work on Flager's railroad. He became part of Fort Lauderdale's Church of God at 211 N.W. 5th Avenue and was recruited to the ministry by the church's founder Bishop J.H. Curry. He married Anna Stirrup in 1922 and had nine children together. He was licensed to pastor \"Colored Churches\" in in Del Ray, Deerfield, Pahokee, Fort Myers, St. Petersburg, Daytona and Dania. After becoming a Bishop in 1942 he was overseer of all Colored Church of God congregations in Indiana, Michigan and Illinois. In 1948 he joined one of the 12 member State of Florida Bishop's Councilman of the Colored Work. His position in church, community, and business affairs lead to cooperation with figures such as Dr. Von. D. Mizell, Sylvia Aldridge, and Sheriff Walter Clark."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoseph Z. Smith Collection, Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Joseph Z. Smith Collection, Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Joseph Z. Smith Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The Joseph Z. Smith Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Joseph Z. Smith Collection documents Bishop Joseph Z. Smith's career in the Church of God and community organizing and contains 16 photographs of Bishop Joseph Z. Smith and his family and associates and a biographical description.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Joseph Z. Smith Collection documents Bishop Joseph Z. Smith's career in the Church of God and community organizing and contains 16 photographs of Bishop Joseph Z. Smith and his family and associates and a biographical description."],"names_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives"],"corpname_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"3aa44c844434bb72164107fe","timestamp":"2026-04-21T02:12:13.626Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/3aa44c844434bb72164107fe"}},{"id":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/725898a1a41349eb30ec365d#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/725898a1a41349eb30ec365d#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["The collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist José Guerra Alemán. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita."],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/725898a1a41349eb30ec365d#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","title_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection"],"title_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection"],"ead_ssi":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","unitdate_ssm":["1887-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1887-2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204"],"text":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204","José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs","Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","The entire collection is open for research.","José Guerra Alemán was born to José Guerra and Herminia Alemán-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as José Guerra Alemán, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pepín. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pepín. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.","In his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ejército) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 División de Infantería) called División Relámpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.","Once he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of Él País, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.","One of those encounters, José Guerra Alemán climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with José García and Eduardo Hernández (Guayo) in the same company. José Guerra Alemán directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.","With his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote Aún Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayorías Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (Díalogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biografía de su Abuelo el General José Braulio Alemán). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.","Understanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of José Guerra Alemán's identity. Jose Guerra Alemán's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named José Braulio Guerra Alemán fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, José Manuel Alemán, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ramón Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Auténtico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.","He rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alemán. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business.","Materials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately.","Books collected by José Guerra Alemán can be found by performing a series search for \"José Guerra Alemán Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog.","This collection was arranged in seven series:","\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alemán took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.","\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alemán used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.","\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. ","\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of José G. Alemán and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".","\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.","\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\"","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder.","The collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist José Guerra Alemán. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita.","UCF Special Collections","Guerra Alemán, José","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1887-2013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"collection_title_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"collection_ssim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"geogname_ssim":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"creator_ssm":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creator_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creators_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"places_ssim":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated by Carlos Guerra, José Guerra Alemán's son, to the University of Central Florida Libraries in 2014. (CFM2014_07)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["17.5 Linear Feet 20 boxes, 1 Flat File"],"extent_tesim":["17.5 Linear Feet 20 boxes, 1 Flat File"],"genreform_ssim":["correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"date_range_isim":[1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n was born to Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra and Herminia Alem\u0026#xE1;n-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pep\u0026#xED;n. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pep\u0026#xED;n. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ej\u0026#xE9;rcito) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 Divisi\u0026#xF3;n de Infanter\u0026#xED;a) called Divisi\u0026#xF3;n Rel\u0026#xE1;mpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOnce he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of \u0026#xC9;l Pa\u0026#xED;s, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOne of those encounters, Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with Jos\u0026#xE9; Garc\u0026#xED;a and Eduardo Hern\u0026#xE1;ndez (Guayo) in the same company. Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWith his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote A\u0026#xFA;n Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayor\u0026#xED;as Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (D\u0026#xED;alogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biograf\u0026#xED;a de su Abuelo el General Jos\u0026#xE9; Braulio Alem\u0026#xE1;n). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnderstanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n's identity. Jose Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named Jos\u0026#xE9; Braulio Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, Jos\u0026#xE9; Manuel Alem\u0026#xE1;n, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ram\u0026#xF3;n Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Aut\u0026#xE9;ntico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alem\u0026#xE1;n. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán was born to José Guerra and Herminia Alemán-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as José Guerra Alemán, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pepín. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pepín. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.","In his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ejército) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 División de Infantería) called División Relámpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.","Once he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of Él País, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.","One of those encounters, José Guerra Alemán climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with José García and Eduardo Hernández (Guayo) in the same company. José Guerra Alemán directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.","With his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote Aún Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayorías Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (Díalogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biografía de su Abuelo el General José Braulio Alemán). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.","Understanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of José Guerra Alemán's identity. Jose Guerra Alemán's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named José Braulio Guerra Alemán fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, José Manuel Alemán, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ramón Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Auténtico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.","He rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alemán. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n Collection, Special Collections and UniversityArchives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, Special Collections and UniversityArchives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Materials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks collected by Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n can be found by performing a series search for \"Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Books collected by José Guerra Alemán can be found by performing a series search for \"José Guerra Alemán Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was arranged in seven series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alem\u0026#xE1;n took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alem\u0026#xE1;n used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of Jos\u0026#xE9; G. Alem\u0026#xE1;n and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection was arranged in seven series:","\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alemán took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.","\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alemán used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.","\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. ","\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of José G. Alemán and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".","\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.","\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e4d41ff341ce7470c0d40282c3f71dd8\"\u003eThe collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist José Guerra Alemán. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita."],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Guerra Alemán, José"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":282,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870857755411087360,"_root_":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:03:10.972Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","title_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection"],"title_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection"],"ead_ssi":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","unitdate_ssm":["1887-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1887-2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204"],"text":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204","José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013","Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs","Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","The entire collection is open for research.","José Guerra Alemán was born to José Guerra and Herminia Alemán-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as José Guerra Alemán, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pepín. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pepín. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.","In his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ejército) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 División de Infantería) called División Relámpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.","Once he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of Él País, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.","One of those encounters, José Guerra Alemán climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with José García and Eduardo Hernández (Guayo) in the same company. José Guerra Alemán directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.","With his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote Aún Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayorías Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (Díalogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biografía de su Abuelo el General José Braulio Alemán). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.","Understanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of José Guerra Alemán's identity. Jose Guerra Alemán's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named José Braulio Guerra Alemán fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, José Manuel Alemán, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ramón Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Auténtico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.","He rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alemán. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business.","Materials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately.","Books collected by José Guerra Alemán can be found by performing a series search for \"José Guerra Alemán Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog.","This collection was arranged in seven series:","\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alemán took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.","\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alemán used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.","\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. ","\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of José G. Alemán and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".","\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.","\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\"","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder.","The collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist José Guerra Alemán. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita.","UCF Special Collections","Guerra Alemán, José","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC.098","/repositories/4/resources/204"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1887-2013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"collection_title_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"collection_ssim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, 1887-2013"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"geogname_ssim":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"creator_ssm":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creator_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"creators_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"places_ssim":["Cuba","Cuba -- History -- Revolution","Cuba -- Social life and customs"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated by Carlos Guerra, José Guerra Alemán's son, to the University of Central Florida Libraries in 2014. (CFM2014_07)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Cuba -- History -- Description and Travel","Cuba -- History -- Pictorial works","correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["17.5 Linear Feet 20 boxes, 1 Flat File"],"extent_tesim":["17.5 Linear Feet 20 boxes, 1 Flat File"],"genreform_ssim":["correspondence","newspaper clippings","manuscripts (documents)","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints"],"date_range_isim":[1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n was born to Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra and Herminia Alem\u0026#xE1;n-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pep\u0026#xED;n. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pep\u0026#xED;n. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ej\u0026#xE9;rcito) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 Divisi\u0026#xF3;n de Infanter\u0026#xED;a) called Divisi\u0026#xF3;n Rel\u0026#xE1;mpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOnce he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of \u0026#xC9;l Pa\u0026#xED;s, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOne of those encounters, Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with Jos\u0026#xE9; Garc\u0026#xED;a and Eduardo Hern\u0026#xE1;ndez (Guayo) in the same company. Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWith his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote A\u0026#xFA;n Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayor\u0026#xED;as Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (D\u0026#xED;alogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biograf\u0026#xED;a de su Abuelo el General Jos\u0026#xE9; Braulio Alem\u0026#xE1;n). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnderstanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n's identity. Jose Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named Jos\u0026#xE9; Braulio Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, Jos\u0026#xE9; Manuel Alem\u0026#xE1;n, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ram\u0026#xF3;n Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Aut\u0026#xE9;ntico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alem\u0026#xE1;n. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán was born to José Guerra and Herminia Alemán-Valdes on November 20, 1922 in Cuba. He referred to alternative names such as José Guerra Alemán, his initials J.G.A. and his nickname Pepín. Many of his closest friends and family called him as Pepín. His family contained of six members that included his three siblings, Maria Vicenta Guerra, Rafael Luis Guerra, and an eldest brother who his name is unknown. His brother, Rafael L. Guerra was born on November 20, 1926 in Habana, Cuba and died on October 2, 1998 in Miami, Florida. His sister, Maria, was born on June 19, 1924 in Habana, Cuba. A year after her brother's death, she died on February 27, 1999 in Miami, Florida. In her later years, she was a homemaker and she never married.","In his early years, he enrolled in the United States military at the age of 20 in 1942. He participated in the 8th Army (Octavo Ejército) of EE.UU. (United States). He covered the campaign of the Pacific as the 35th Division of Infantry (35 División de Infantería) called División Relámpago (Lightning Division). He finished training in the military at Fort Dix, Burlington County, New Jersey in the Delaware River region on October of 1946.","Once he finished his service, he returned to Cuba and founded a company called CINEPERIODICO in 1947. His motivation of starting this company began from his interest in journalism. At the age of 16, he delved into both journalism and short films/news films. He was one of the editors of Él País, La Habana. These experiences guided him to globally make notorious documentaries and cinematography of actual events and issues. He traveled around the globe. For instance, he registered for a temporary immigration card to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1959 as a journalist. As a result for his traveling, he encountered prominent leaders of various movements.","One of those encounters, José Guerra Alemán climbed the Mountains of Sierra Maestra, in the province of East of the Island of Cuba to interview Fidel Castro and Che Guevara. Under the agency of his company, CINEPERIODICO, he personally knew these men and those who were a part of the guerillas during the Cuban Revolution. In 1950, he worked with José García and Eduardo Hernández (Guayo) in the same company. José Guerra Alemán directed films such as Sangre Y Esperanza: La Cuba de Hoy (Blood and Hope: the Cuba of Today and El Gran Recuento (The Great Story). He also took the position as the Senior Vice President of Guastella Film Producers Inc., an advertising firm in Puerto Rico, where he did similar works until he retired in 1990. This included the creation of historical documentary films.","With his interest in Cuba's history and living at a time of historical changes in Cuba, he wrote extensive materials along those themes. He wrote Aún Hay Luna En Los Cerros, Ensayos (Las Mayorías Discriminadas): En Defensa de la Mujer, Barro y Cenizas (Díalogos con Fidel Castro y el Che Guevara), and Juro Pero No Prometo (Biografía de su Abuelo el General José Braulio Alemán). His major work composes four volumes of encyclopedias called Cuba Infinita. Each book contains specific chronological decades and starts from 1855, when the first photographs of the city were available by American artist Fredericks De Forest, to 1958, when the Republic collapsed. The volumes includes more than a thousand selected photos of the history of Cuba, from colonial times to the Spanish American War. The reader walks through time and gets to see the transformation of Cuba. He included photographs received by family, friends, colleagues and what he collected from his travels. He also was inspired and guided from the work called La Enciclopedia de Cuba.","Understanding where his family came from and knowing the other members of his family tree can provide a part of José Guerra Alemán's identity. Jose Guerra Alemán's maternal bloodline had a huge role in the movement toward Cuba's independence against colonialism and imperialism. His grandfather named José Braulio Guerra Alemán fought in the Spanish-American War as a Cuban Brigadier General and was the principal author to the Constitution of Cuba proclaimed at Yara in 1896. He worked as a lawyer, newspaper owner, advocate of the liberation of Cuba, senator and governor for the province of Las Villas, minister of Education and ambassador to Mexico. His half uncle, José Manuel Alemán, served in the Cuban government as Minister of Education during the presidency of Dr. Ramón Grau San Martin, president of the Authentic Party (Partido Auténtico) in La Habana, and Senator of the Republic. His family went through three generations of leaders and fighters for Cuban independence through revolutions or preserving its history and culture.","He rested on February 22, 2013 in Miami, Florida. He survived his wife named Lidia Llano who he married on September 22, 1945 and left a son named Carlos Guerra Llano. He left a mark of what he had done, significant work in Cuba's history. However, he has not been given as much attention as he deserves in any setting, especially in academia. It is the many aspects of unknown history and researching the people from below like Alemán. He was a Cuban, veteran, journalist, nontraditional historian, and founder of a journalist business."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n Collection, Special Collections and UniversityArchives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["José Guerra Alemán Collection, Special Collections and UniversityArchives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Materials are housed in acid free folders and boxes; photographs and negatives were placed in clear sleeves; publications removed from the collection and cataloged separately."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks collected by Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n can be found by performing a series search for \"Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Books collected by José Guerra Alemán can be found by performing a series search for \"José Guerra Alemán Collection\" in the UCF Libraries catalog."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was arranged in seven series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alem\u0026#xE1;n took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alem\u0026#xE1;n used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of Jos\u0026#xE9; G. Alem\u0026#xE1;n and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection was arranged in seven series:","\nSeries I. Manuscripts, 1915-2013, Undated, includes notes that Alemán took on varieties of subjects. His interests ranged from the origin of words and meaning of phrases to his summaries and interpretations of authors' works.","\nSeries II: Research Files, 1898-2012, Undated, holds a combination of newspapers, images, and works of others where Alemán used for the publication of Cuba Infinita and his work on Cuban and Latin American history, involving their relations to other countries.","\nSeries III: Publications, 1987-2008, Undated, contains his writings that has drafts of his published work, his articles from newspapers, and promotional materials advertising his works.","\nSeries IV: Personal Files, 1887-2011, Undated, provides letters between Aleman and his family members and between Aleman and business workers. They share insight of Aleman's genealogy and Aleman's work ethic. Series also includes various maps and postcards. ","\nSeries V: Visual Materials, Circa 1900-Circa 2000, Undated, includes photographs and negatives of José G. Alemán and his relatives; overseas trips as a Journalist; and images of Cuba, cubans, and public buildings. Series also includes a CD of \"Fidel Castro: La Historia Lo Absolvera\" and another CD contains a song from Marisela Verena \"Mi Pinar del Rio\".","\nSeries VI: Memorabilia, 1926-1977, Undated, comprises hats from different places that Aleman travelled, identification cards, and a lottery ticket from Republic of Cuba, 1949.","\nSeries VII: Oversize Materials, 1958-2008, Undated, includes large maps of various countries, posters, a proof sheet for Cuba Infinita, and a game card \"La Charada Cubana.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission topublish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and thecopyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e4d41ff341ce7470c0d40282c3f71dd8\"\u003eThe collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist Jos\u0026#xE9; Guerra Alem\u0026#xE1;n. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection is filled with Cuban history and researched materials on society's past was created by Cuban and American journalist José Guerra Alemán. The materials range from photographs of his travels to cultural sites and countries to personal notes on literature of other scholars' works and his published books. He is most notable of his published four-volume encyclopedia on Cuban history called Cuba Infinita."],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Guerra Alemán, José"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Guerra Alemán, José"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":282,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870857755411087360,"_root_":"725898a1a41349eb30ec365d","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:03:10.972Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/725898a1a41349eb30ec365d"}},{"id":"bec408ef355489ed2515918e_aspace_9589","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Josie, James Ollie, full-length portrait, standing in military uniform, circa 1943","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/bec408ef355489ed2515918e_aspace_9589#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_9589","ref_ssm":["aspace_9589","aspace_9589"],"id":"bec408ef355489ed2515918e_aspace_9589","title_filing_ssi":"Josie, James Ollie, full-length portrait, standing in military uniform","title_ssm":["Josie, James Ollie, full-length portrait, standing in military uniform"],"title_tesim":["Josie, James Ollie, full-length portrait, standing in military uniform"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa 1943"],"normalized_date_ssm":["circa 1943"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Josie, James Ollie, full-length portrait, standing in military uniform, circa 1943"],"text":["Josie, James Ollie, full-length portrait, standing in military uniform, circa 1943","African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003","Photographs, 1800-1989, Undated","Assorted Photographs, 1862-1951, Undated","Folder 35","/repositories/4/archival_objects/25242","box 14","folder 35"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["bec408ef355489ed2515918e","bec408ef355489ed2515918e_aspace_9385","bec408ef355489ed2515918e_aspace_9386"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003","Photographs, 1800-1989, Undated","Assorted Photographs, 1862-1951, Undated"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003","Photographs, 1800-1989, Undated","Assorted Photographs, 1862-1951, Undated"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 35","/repositories/4/archival_objects/25242"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":683,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1943],"containers_ssim":["box 14","folder 35"],"_nest_path_":"/components#5/components#0/components#198","_nest_parent_":"bec408ef355489ed2515918e_aspace_9386","_root_":"bec408ef355489ed2515918e","_version_":1879192534963453952,"timestamp":"2026-10-16T08:00:56.160Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"bec408ef355489ed2515918e","title_ssm":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection"],"title_tesim":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection"],"ead_ssi":"bec408ef355489ed2515918e","unitdate_ssm":["1791-2003"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1791-2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC085","/repositories/4/resources/106"],"text":["SC085","/repositories/4/resources/106","African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003","Apopka (Fla.)--History","African Americans -- History","African American photographers","African Americans -- Florida","African Americans -- Photography","Civil Rights","Civil War","photographs","The entire collection is open for research.","Carol Mundy has been an avid collector of African American memorabilia since the early 1990s when she purchased a copy of the 1901 edition of The Complete Life of William McKinley and Story of His Assassination. Included in the book was an 1880 correspondence from the U.S. army to the 10th Cavalry of \"Buffalo Soldiers.\" This discovery was the first step in a journey that would take her around the country in a quest to preserve African American culture. This quest ultimately led to the acquisition of more than 1,500 artifacts and documents that range from 1794 to 2010. Ms. Mundy also founded her own non-profit organization, African American History Education and Culture Society, and has curated a traveling exhibit entitled, \"The African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection.\" Further, Ms. Mundy has partnered with the University of Central Florida's Department of African American Studies to found the \"Carol E. Mundy African American Cultural and Diasporic Research Center\" using artifacts from the collection. According to their website, \"The Center will be fostered through research, dissemination of historical information and social traditions, educational programs, exhibits, conferences and related activities.\"","Processed by John Venecek, Sandra Varry, and Erica England; finding aid created by Nadeen Kiwan. Additional materials added to the collection by Antonice L. Morin in 2021.","A small book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search for the \"Carol Mundy Library\" in the  Online Catalog .","This collection consists of over 1,500 items related to the African American experience in the following formats: monographs, manuscripts, sheet music, pamphlets, journals, newspapers, broadsides, posters, photographs, and rare ephemera. These materials are divided into six topical series:","\nSeries I: Apopka Documents, 1892-1950, consists mostly of the personal papers of local businessmen, George Oden (1862-1939) and Michael Gladden, executor of Oden's estate. Also significant are a number of documents from Ella Wall, an Apopka resident who was the inspiration for a character in Zora Neale Hurston's Mules and Men. Mrs. Wall ran an Orange Grove, and was a close friend and confidant of Michael Gladden, Jr. until her death. Materials in this series largely consist of purchase receipts, tax forms, and other legal documents.","\nSeries II: Civil Rights-era, 1950-1997, consists of ephemera including magazines, sheet music, pamphlets, posters, and post cards. Not all the items in this series pertain directly to the Civil Rights Movement per se; rather they are grouped together because they fall within a specific date range.","\nSeries III: Dolls, circa 1930-1949, includes hand-made Caribbean island dolls, puppets and marionettes originating from the Caribbean.","\nSeries IV: Early America \u0026 Civil War-era, 1794-1892, contains the oldest materials in the collection that bookend the Civil War. Materials include magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, photographs and illustrations. Of particular interest is an original Buffalo Soldier muster roll signed by Colonel Abner Doubleday, discharge papers from 1874, and an authentic slave bill of sale.","\nSeries V: An oversized 19th century bible, 1857-1890, in a protective cloth clamshell and 11 black and white photographs that were originally stored inside the bible. The photographs vary both in subject and format, but do include several tintypes as well as portraits taken by notable African American photographer, James Presley (J.P.) Ball.","\nSeries VI: Photographs, 1860s - 1960s, includes a large collection of photographs that range from the 1860s - the 1960s. The \"assorted\" photographs in this collection are arranged chronologically, but there are several thematic sub-series as well. Those subseries include Bishop College, Civil Rights Movement, Civil Rights-era, South Dakota, and William T. Vernon photographs.","\nSeries VII: Visual Material, 1800s - 1969, consists of advertisements, postcards, product packaging, illustrations from magazines and newspapers, and other assorted \"visual\" ephemera. Much of the material in this series is considered racist or \"derogatory.\"","\nSeries VIII: Miscellaneous, 1880s - 1989, contains a small collection of materials that didn't fit into one of the other series. These materials include booklets, documents, pamphlets, and objects such as pins and medallions.","Series IX: Additional Materials, 1791 - 1990, consists of audio and visual items. In this series there are letters with envelopes and telegraphs. Letters delivered were most commonly with the family members of Blanche Kalfus and James Brasswell. There are official government documents and business documents consisting of receipts, deeds, contracts, notary public certificates, and justice of the peace certificates. This series also includes postcards, greeting, birthday and holiday cards, and invitations. There is memorabilia such as military buttons, pins, and patches, and a Civil War Veterans Metal. The photographs in this series consist of African American men, women, and children along with stereographs consisting of places and group photos. There are many different newsclippings, articles, programs, and advertisements.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","Collector, Ms. Carol Mundy amassed this collection of monographs, manuscripts, sheet music, pamphlets, journals, newspapers, broadsides, posters, photographs, and rare ephemera focusing on the African American history. While the collection is comprehensive both nationally and internationally, it also contains materials that pertain to the African American experience in central Florida.","UCF Special Collections","Mundy, Carol","Ball, James Presley, 1825-1904","Willis, Deborah, 1948-","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC085","/repositories/4/resources/106"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1791-2003"],"normalized_title_ssm":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003"],"collection_title_tesim":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003"],"collection_ssim":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Apopka (Fla.)--History"],"geogname_ssim":["Apopka (Fla.)--History"],"creator_ssm":["Mundy, Carol"],"creator_ssim":["Mundy, Carol"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Mundy, Carol"],"creators_ssim":["Mundy, Carol"],"places_ssim":["Apopka (Fla.)--History"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Most of these materials were purchased by the University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives from Carol Mundy in 2009 (CFM2009_02). Additional materials were donated in 2010/2012 (CFM2012_02) and 2019 (CFM2019_01)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","African American photographers","African Americans -- Florida","African Americans -- Photography","Civil Rights","Civil War","photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","African American photographers","African Americans -- Florida","African Americans -- Photography","Civil Rights","Civil War","photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["26 Linear Feet 36 boxes and 73 flat files"],"extent_tesim":["26 Linear Feet 36 boxes and 73 flat files"],"genreform_ssim":["photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarol Mundy has been an avid collector of African American memorabilia since the early 1990s when she purchased a copy of the 1901 edition of The Complete Life of William McKinley and Story of His Assassination. Included in the book was an 1880 correspondence from the U.S. army to the 10th Cavalry of \"Buffalo Soldiers.\" This discovery was the first step in a journey that would take her around the country in a quest to preserve African American culture. This quest ultimately led to the acquisition of more than 1,500 artifacts and documents that range from 1794 to 2010. Ms. Mundy also founded her own non-profit organization, African American History Education and Culture Society, and has curated a traveling exhibit entitled, \"The African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection.\" Further, Ms. Mundy has partnered with the University of Central Florida's Department of African American Studies to found the \"Carol E. Mundy African American Cultural and Diasporic Research Center\" using artifacts from the collection. According to their website, \"The Center will be fostered through research, dissemination of historical information and social traditions, educational programs, exhibits, conferences and related activities.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Carol Mundy has been an avid collector of African American memorabilia since the early 1990s when she purchased a copy of the 1901 edition of The Complete Life of William McKinley and Story of His Assassination. Included in the book was an 1880 correspondence from the U.S. army to the 10th Cavalry of \"Buffalo Soldiers.\" This discovery was the first step in a journey that would take her around the country in a quest to preserve African American culture. This quest ultimately led to the acquisition of more than 1,500 artifacts and documents that range from 1794 to 2010. Ms. Mundy also founded her own non-profit organization, African American History Education and Culture Society, and has curated a traveling exhibit entitled, \"The African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection.\" Further, Ms. Mundy has partnered with the University of Central Florida's Department of African American Studies to found the \"Carol E. Mundy African American Cultural and Diasporic Research Center\" using artifacts from the collection. According to their website, \"The Center will be fostered through research, dissemination of historical information and social traditions, educational programs, exhibits, conferences and related activities.\""],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAfrican American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1794-2010, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1794-2010, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by John Venecek, Sandra Varry, and Erica England; finding aid created by Nadeen Kiwan. Additional materials added to the collection by Antonice L. Morin in 2021.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by John Venecek, Sandra Varry, and Erica England; finding aid created by Nadeen Kiwan. Additional materials added to the collection by Antonice L. Morin in 2021."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA small book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search for the \"Carol Mundy Library\" in the \u003cextref href=\"https://library.ucf.edu\"\u003eOnline Catalog\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["A small book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search for the \"Carol Mundy Library\" in the  Online Catalog ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of over 1,500 items related to the African American experience in the following formats: monographs, manuscripts, sheet music, pamphlets, journals, newspapers, broadsides, posters, photographs, and rare ephemera. These materials are divided into six topical series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I: Apopka Documents, 1892-1950, consists mostly of the personal papers of local businessmen, George Oden (1862-1939) and Michael Gladden, executor of Oden's estate. Also significant are a number of documents from Ella Wall, an Apopka resident who was the inspiration for a character in Zora Neale Hurston's Mules and Men. Mrs. Wall ran an Orange Grove, and was a close friend and confidant of Michael Gladden, Jr. until her death. Materials in this series largely consist of purchase receipts, tax forms, and other legal documents.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Civil Rights-era, 1950-1997, consists of ephemera including magazines, sheet music, pamphlets, posters, and post cards. Not all the items in this series pertain directly to the Civil Rights Movement per se; rather they are grouped together because they fall within a specific date range.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Dolls, circa 1930-1949, includes hand-made Caribbean island dolls, puppets and marionettes originating from the Caribbean.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Early America \u0026amp; Civil War-era, 1794-1892, contains the oldest materials in the collection that bookend the Civil War. Materials include magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, photographs and illustrations. Of particular interest is an original Buffalo Soldier muster roll signed by Colonel Abner Doubleday, discharge papers from 1874, and an authentic slave bill of sale.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: An oversized 19th century bible, 1857-1890, in a protective cloth clamshell and 11 black and white photographs that were originally stored inside the bible. The photographs vary both in subject and format, but do include several tintypes as well as portraits taken by notable African American photographer, James Presley (J.P.) Ball.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Photographs, 1860s - 1960s, includes a large collection of photographs that range from the 1860s - the 1960s. The \"assorted\" photographs in this collection are arranged chronologically, but there are several thematic sub-series as well. Those subseries include Bishop College, Civil Rights Movement, Civil Rights-era, South Dakota, and William T. Vernon photographs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Visual Material, 1800s - 1969, consists of advertisements, postcards, product packaging, illustrations from magazines and newspapers, and other assorted \"visual\" ephemera. Much of the material in this series is considered racist or \"derogatory.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VIII: Miscellaneous, 1880s - 1989, contains a small collection of materials that didn't fit into one of the other series. These materials include booklets, documents, pamphlets, and objects such as pins and medallions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX: Additional Materials, 1791 - 1990, consists of audio and visual items. In this series there are letters with envelopes and telegraphs. Letters delivered were most commonly with the family members of Blanche Kalfus and James Brasswell. There are official government documents and business documents consisting of receipts, deeds, contracts, notary public certificates, and justice of the peace certificates. This series also includes postcards, greeting, birthday and holiday cards, and invitations. There is memorabilia such as military buttons, pins, and patches, and a Civil War Veterans Metal. The photographs in this series consist of African American men, women, and children along with stereographs consisting of places and group photos. There are many different newsclippings, articles, programs, and advertisements.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of over 1,500 items related to the African American experience in the following formats: monographs, manuscripts, sheet music, pamphlets, journals, newspapers, broadsides, posters, photographs, and rare ephemera. These materials are divided into six topical series:","\nSeries I: Apopka Documents, 1892-1950, consists mostly of the personal papers of local businessmen, George Oden (1862-1939) and Michael Gladden, executor of Oden's estate. Also significant are a number of documents from Ella Wall, an Apopka resident who was the inspiration for a character in Zora Neale Hurston's Mules and Men. Mrs. Wall ran an Orange Grove, and was a close friend and confidant of Michael Gladden, Jr. until her death. Materials in this series largely consist of purchase receipts, tax forms, and other legal documents.","\nSeries II: Civil Rights-era, 1950-1997, consists of ephemera including magazines, sheet music, pamphlets, posters, and post cards. Not all the items in this series pertain directly to the Civil Rights Movement per se; rather they are grouped together because they fall within a specific date range.","\nSeries III: Dolls, circa 1930-1949, includes hand-made Caribbean island dolls, puppets and marionettes originating from the Caribbean.","\nSeries IV: Early America \u0026 Civil War-era, 1794-1892, contains the oldest materials in the collection that bookend the Civil War. Materials include magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, photographs and illustrations. Of particular interest is an original Buffalo Soldier muster roll signed by Colonel Abner Doubleday, discharge papers from 1874, and an authentic slave bill of sale.","\nSeries V: An oversized 19th century bible, 1857-1890, in a protective cloth clamshell and 11 black and white photographs that were originally stored inside the bible. The photographs vary both in subject and format, but do include several tintypes as well as portraits taken by notable African American photographer, James Presley (J.P.) Ball.","\nSeries VI: Photographs, 1860s - 1960s, includes a large collection of photographs that range from the 1860s - the 1960s. The \"assorted\" photographs in this collection are arranged chronologically, but there are several thematic sub-series as well. Those subseries include Bishop College, Civil Rights Movement, Civil Rights-era, South Dakota, and William T. Vernon photographs.","\nSeries VII: Visual Material, 1800s - 1969, consists of advertisements, postcards, product packaging, illustrations from magazines and newspapers, and other assorted \"visual\" ephemera. Much of the material in this series is considered racist or \"derogatory.\"","\nSeries VIII: Miscellaneous, 1880s - 1989, contains a small collection of materials that didn't fit into one of the other series. These materials include booklets, documents, pamphlets, and objects such as pins and medallions.","Series IX: Additional Materials, 1791 - 1990, consists of audio and visual items. In this series there are letters with envelopes and telegraphs. Letters delivered were most commonly with the family members of Blanche Kalfus and James Brasswell. There are official government documents and business documents consisting of receipts, deeds, contracts, notary public certificates, and justice of the peace certificates. This series also includes postcards, greeting, birthday and holiday cards, and invitations. There is memorabilia such as military buttons, pins, and patches, and a Civil War Veterans Metal. The photographs in this series consist of African American men, women, and children along with stereographs consisting of places and group photos. There are many different newsclippings, articles, programs, and advertisements."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4cf0eb7fc38bbc5bdebff00649325802\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCollector, Ms. Carol Mundy amassed this collection of monographs, manuscripts, sheet music, pamphlets, journals, newspapers, broadsides, posters, photographs, and rare ephemera focusing on the African American history. While the collection is comprehensive both nationally and internationally, it also contains materials that pertain to the African American experience in central Florida.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Collector, Ms. Carol Mundy amassed this collection of monographs, manuscripts, sheet music, pamphlets, journals, newspapers, broadsides, posters, photographs, and rare ephemera focusing on the African American history. While the collection is comprehensive both nationally and internationally, it also contains materials that pertain to the African American experience in central Florida."],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Mundy, Carol","Ball, James Presley, 1825-1904","Willis, Deborah, 1948-"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Ball, James Presley, 1825-1904","Willis, Deborah, 1948-"],"persname_ssim":["Mundy, Carol","Ball, James Presley, 1825-1904","Willis, Deborah, 1948-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1675,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1879192534963453952,"_root_":"bec408ef355489ed2515918e","timestamp":"2026-10-16T08:00:56.160Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/bec408ef355489ed2515918e_aspace_9589"}},{"id":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection reflects the lives and activities of the Avellanals, a prominent pioneering Ybor City family, with the bulk of the collection documenting the life and career of Lt. General José Luis Avellanal y Jimenez. Among the papers in the collection are pamphlets, diaries, ledgers, correspondence, invoices and receipts, contracts, real estate title abstracts, lawsuits (including testimonies), certificates, photographs, corporate minutes, audits, medical reports, patents, stock certificates, newspaper clippings, and a small number of artifacts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06","title_ssm":["José Luis Avellanal collection"],"title_tesim":["José Luis Avellanal collection"],"ead_ssi":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06","unitdate_ssm":["1907-1981"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1907-1981"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-1984-01","/repositories/2/resources/183"],"text":["MS-1984-01","/repositories/2/resources/183","José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981","Ybor City (Tampa, Fla.) -- Social life and customs","El Pasaje Hotel (Tampa, Fla.)","Immigrants -- Florida -- History","The collection is arranged within series by subject.","José Luis Avellanal y Jimenez was born on October 3, 1903 to Concepción Jimenez and Dr. José Ramon Avellanal, a prominent Ybor City physician who was also the founder of El Bien Público Clinic.","From a very young age, José Luis was a major source of worry to his parents. Among his father's numerous patients  was a neighborhood boy treated for ocular damage after being shot in the eye by the young Avellanal, as well as a child persuaded into testing out one of José Luis' new inventions: an electric chair.","As punishment for his mischief, José Luis found himself in solitary confinement, but devised a plan of escape that involved stealing his father's vehicle. Having not yet learned how to drive, his plan of escape was a failure, and he found himself being shipped off to military school in Georgia.","José Luis eventually returned to Tampa, but not before getting himself into a scrape in Lebanon, Tennessee, where he was charged with kidnapping a young woman and possession of narcotics.","Upon his return to Ybor City, Avellanal took up residence at El Pasaje Hotel, where he conducted experiments in cryogenics and attempted to publish articles on the resurrection of dead bodies. From his El Pasaje Hotel residence, Avellanal also entered the race for state senator, held services as an ordained Baptist minister, practiced medicine as a gynecologist and plastic surgeon (with diplomas obtained during his absence in Cuba), and established Southern University, a college offering degrees (but no courses) to the masses. A trial ensued in which Avellanal defended himself against charges of running a diploma mill, and in 1947, the Southern University Charter was revoked.","Avellanal was the creator and founder of numerous organizations, including the Legión de Honor de la República de Cuba (Legion of Honor of the Republic of Cuba), an organization that bestowed honors and awards to worthy individuals such as Fulgencio Batista of Cuba, Chinese Congresswoman Grace Yi Hsu, and Norberto Lopez Avelar, then governor of the Mexican state of Morelos. While in Mexico, Avellanal obtained the title of Lieutenant General and was often seen in full uniform at Ybor City events.","In the early 1970s, Avellanal joined the advisory committee for Ybor City's Hillsborough Community College campus and led efforts to save the El Pasaje Hotel building, for which he received a preservation award from U.S. Senator Richard Stone. José Luis Avellanal died in 1982, and remains one of the most colorful characters in Ybor City memory.","Note written by Jean McAllister, 2011","Jose Ramon Avellanal Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Prince Alexis N. Gagarin Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Avellanal-Jimenez, Jose L.  El Pasaje: Building and Its Adjoining Grounds, a Federal National Historic Site, 1888-1977, Tampa, Florida . Tampa, Fla.: s.n, 1977. Print.","The collection reflects the lives and activities of the Avellanals, a prominent pioneering Ybor City family, with the bulk of the collection documenting the life and career of Lt. General José Luis Avellanal y Jimenez. Among the papers in the collection are pamphlets, diaries, ledgers, correspondence, invoices and receipts, contracts, real estate title abstracts, lawsuits (including testimonies), certificates, photographs, corporate minutes, audits, medical reports, patents, stock certificates, newspaper clippings, and a small number of artifacts.","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-1984-01","/repositories/2/resources/183"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1907-1981"],"normalized_title_ssm":["José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981"],"collection_title_tesim":["José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981"],"collection_ssim":["José Luis Avellanal collection, 1907-1981"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Ybor City (Tampa, Fla.) -- Social life and customs"],"geogname_ssim":["Ybor City (Tampa, Fla.) -- Social life and customs"],"creator_ssm":["Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"creator_ssim":["Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"creators_ssim":["Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"places_ssim":["Ybor City (Tampa, Fla.) -- Social life and customs"],"access_terms_ssm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Avellanal Family","Donation"],"access_subjects_ssim":["El Pasaje Hotel (Tampa, Fla.)","Immigrants -- Florida -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["El Pasaje Hotel (Tampa, Fla.)","Immigrants -- Florida -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["42.44 Linear Feet","95 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["42.44 Linear Feet","95 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged within series by subject.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged within series by subject."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Luis Avellanal y Jimenez was born on October 3, 1903 to Concepci\u0026#xF3;n Jimenez and Dr. Jos\u0026#xE9; Ramon Avellanal, a prominent Ybor City physician who was also the founder of El Bien P\u0026#xFA;blico Clinic.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom a very young age, Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis was a major source of worry to his parents. Among his father's numerous patients\u0026#xA0; was a neighborhood boy treated for ocular damage after being shot in the eye by the young Avellanal, as well as a child persuaded into testing out one of Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis' new inventions: an electric chair.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs punishment for his mischief, Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis found himself in solitary confinement, but devised a plan of escape that involved stealing his father's vehicle. Having not yet learned how to drive, his plan of escape was a failure, and he found himself being shipped off to military school in Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJos\u0026#xE9; Luis eventually returned to Tampa, but not before getting himself into a scrape in Lebanon, Tennessee, where he was charged with kidnapping a young woman and possession of narcotics.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUpon his return to Ybor City, Avellanal took up residence at El Pasaje Hotel, where he conducted experiments in cryogenics and attempted to publish articles on the resurrection of dead bodies. From his El Pasaje Hotel residence, Avellanal also entered the race for state senator, held services as an ordained Baptist minister, practiced medicine as a gynecologist and plastic surgeon (with diplomas obtained during his absence in Cuba), and established Southern University, a college offering degrees (but no courses) to the masses. A trial ensued in which Avellanal defended himself against charges of running a diploma mill, and in 1947, the Southern University Charter was revoked.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAvellanal was the creator and founder of numerous organizations, including the Legi\u0026#xF3;n de Honor de la Rep\u0026#xFA;blica de Cuba (Legion of Honor of the Republic of Cuba), an organization that bestowed honors and awards to worthy individuals such as Fulgencio Batista of Cuba, Chinese Congresswoman Grace Yi Hsu, and Norberto Lopez Avelar, then governor of the Mexican state of Morelos. While in Mexico, Avellanal obtained the title of Lieutenant General and was often seen in full uniform at Ybor City events.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the early 1970s, Avellanal joined the advisory committee for Ybor City's Hillsborough Community College campus and led efforts to save the El Pasaje Hotel building, for which he received a preservation award from U.S. Senator Richard Stone. Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis Avellanal died in 1982, and remains one of the most colorful characters in Ybor City memory.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Jean McAllister, 2011\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["José Luis Avellanal y Jimenez was born on October 3, 1903 to Concepción Jimenez and Dr. José Ramon Avellanal, a prominent Ybor City physician who was also the founder of El Bien Público Clinic.","From a very young age, José Luis was a major source of worry to his parents. Among his father's numerous patients  was a neighborhood boy treated for ocular damage after being shot in the eye by the young Avellanal, as well as a child persuaded into testing out one of José Luis' new inventions: an electric chair.","As punishment for his mischief, José Luis found himself in solitary confinement, but devised a plan of escape that involved stealing his father's vehicle. Having not yet learned how to drive, his plan of escape was a failure, and he found himself being shipped off to military school in Georgia.","José Luis eventually returned to Tampa, but not before getting himself into a scrape in Lebanon, Tennessee, where he was charged with kidnapping a young woman and possession of narcotics.","Upon his return to Ybor City, Avellanal took up residence at El Pasaje Hotel, where he conducted experiments in cryogenics and attempted to publish articles on the resurrection of dead bodies. From his El Pasaje Hotel residence, Avellanal also entered the race for state senator, held services as an ordained Baptist minister, practiced medicine as a gynecologist and plastic surgeon (with diplomas obtained during his absence in Cuba), and established Southern University, a college offering degrees (but no courses) to the masses. A trial ensued in which Avellanal defended himself against charges of running a diploma mill, and in 1947, the Southern University Charter was revoked.","Avellanal was the creator and founder of numerous organizations, including the Legión de Honor de la República de Cuba (Legion of Honor of the Republic of Cuba), an organization that bestowed honors and awards to worthy individuals such as Fulgencio Batista of Cuba, Chinese Congresswoman Grace Yi Hsu, and Norberto Lopez Avelar, then governor of the Mexican state of Morelos. While in Mexico, Avellanal obtained the title of Lieutenant General and was often seen in full uniform at Ybor City events.","In the early 1970s, Avellanal joined the advisory committee for Ybor City's Hillsborough Community College campus and led efforts to save the El Pasaje Hotel building, for which he received a preservation award from U.S. Senator Richard Stone. José Luis Avellanal died in 1982, and remains one of the most colorful characters in Ybor City memory.","Note written by Jean McAllister, 2011"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJose Luis Avellanal collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Jose Luis Avellanal collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJose Ramon Avellanal Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrince Alexis N. Gagarin Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAvellanal-Jimenez, Jose L. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEl Pasaje: Building and Its Adjoining Grounds, a Federal National Historic Site, 1888-1977, Tampa, Florida\u003c/emph\u003e. Tampa, Fla.: s.n, 1977. Print.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Related Publications"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Jose Ramon Avellanal Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Prince Alexis N. Gagarin Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Avellanal-Jimenez, Jose L.  El Pasaje: Building and Its Adjoining Grounds, a Federal National Historic Site, 1888-1977, Tampa, Florida . Tampa, Fla.: s.n, 1977. Print."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection reflects the lives and activities of the Avellanals, a prominent pioneering Ybor City family, with the bulk of the collection documenting the life and career of Lt. General Jos\u0026#xE9; Luis Avellanal y Jimenez. 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Among his father's numerous patients  was a neighborhood boy treated for ocular damage after being shot in the eye by the young Avellanal, as well as a child persuaded into testing out one of José Luis' new inventions: an electric chair.","As punishment for his mischief, José Luis found himself in solitary confinement, but devised a plan of escape that involved stealing his father's vehicle. Having not yet learned how to drive, his plan of escape was a failure, and he found himself being shipped off to military school in Georgia.","José Luis eventually returned to Tampa, but not before getting himself into a scrape in Lebanon, Tennessee, where he was charged with kidnapping a young woman and possession of narcotics.","Upon his return to Ybor City, Avellanal took up residence at El Pasaje Hotel, where he conducted experiments in cryogenics and attempted to publish articles on the resurrection of dead bodies. From his El Pasaje Hotel residence, Avellanal also entered the race for state senator, held services as an ordained Baptist minister, practiced medicine as a gynecologist and plastic surgeon (with diplomas obtained during his absence in Cuba), and established Southern University, a college offering degrees (but no courses) to the masses. A trial ensued in which Avellanal defended himself against charges of running a diploma mill, and in 1947, the Southern University Charter was revoked.","Avellanal was the creator and founder of numerous organizations, including the Legión de Honor de la República de Cuba (Legion of Honor of the Republic of Cuba), an organization that bestowed honors and awards to worthy individuals such as Fulgencio Batista of Cuba, Chinese Congresswoman Grace Yi Hsu, and Norberto Lopez Avelar, then governor of the Mexican state of Morelos. While in Mexico, Avellanal obtained the title of Lieutenant General and was often seen in full uniform at Ybor City events.","In the early 1970s, Avellanal joined the advisory committee for Ybor City's Hillsborough Community College campus and led efforts to save the El Pasaje Hotel building, for which he received a preservation award from U.S. Senator Richard Stone. José Luis Avellanal died in 1982, and remains one of the most colorful characters in Ybor City memory.","Note written by Jean McAllister, 2011","Jose Ramon Avellanal Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Prince Alexis N. Gagarin Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Avellanal-Jimenez, Jose L.  El Pasaje: Building and Its Adjoining Grounds, a Federal National Historic Site, 1888-1977, Tampa, Florida . Tampa, Fla.: s.n, 1977. 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Having not yet learned how to drive, his plan of escape was a failure, and he found himself being shipped off to military school in Georgia.","José Luis eventually returned to Tampa, but not before getting himself into a scrape in Lebanon, Tennessee, where he was charged with kidnapping a young woman and possession of narcotics.","Upon his return to Ybor City, Avellanal took up residence at El Pasaje Hotel, where he conducted experiments in cryogenics and attempted to publish articles on the resurrection of dead bodies. From his El Pasaje Hotel residence, Avellanal also entered the race for state senator, held services as an ordained Baptist minister, practiced medicine as a gynecologist and plastic surgeon (with diplomas obtained during his absence in Cuba), and established Southern University, a college offering degrees (but no courses) to the masses. A trial ensued in which Avellanal defended himself against charges of running a diploma mill, and in 1947, the Southern University Charter was revoked.","Avellanal was the creator and founder of numerous organizations, including the Legión de Honor de la República de Cuba (Legion of Honor of the Republic of Cuba), an organization that bestowed honors and awards to worthy individuals such as Fulgencio Batista of Cuba, Chinese Congresswoman Grace Yi Hsu, and Norberto Lopez Avelar, then governor of the Mexican state of Morelos. While in Mexico, Avellanal obtained the title of Lieutenant General and was often seen in full uniform at Ybor City events.","In the early 1970s, Avellanal joined the advisory committee for Ybor City's Hillsborough Community College campus and led efforts to save the El Pasaje Hotel building, for which he received a preservation award from U.S. Senator Richard Stone. José Luis Avellanal died in 1982, and remains one of the most colorful characters in Ybor City memory.","Note written by Jean McAllister, 2011"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJose Luis Avellanal collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Jose Luis Avellanal collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJose Ramon Avellanal Collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrince Alexis N. Gagarin Papers, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAvellanal-Jimenez, Jose L. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEl Pasaje: Building and Its Adjoining Grounds, a Federal National Historic Site, 1888-1977, Tampa, Florida\u003c/emph\u003e. Tampa, Fla.: s.n, 1977. 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Among the papers in the collection are pamphlets, diaries, ledgers, correspondence, invoices and receipts, contracts, real estate title abstracts, lawsuits (including testimonies), certificates, photographs, corporate minutes, audits, medical reports, patents, stock certificates, newspaper clippings, and a small number of artifacts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection reflects the lives and activities of the Avellanals, a prominent pioneering Ybor City family, with the bulk of the collection documenting the life and career of Lt. General José Luis Avellanal y Jimenez. Among the papers in the collection are pamphlets, diaries, ledgers, correspondence, invoices and receipts, contracts, real estate title abstracts, lawsuits (including testimonies), certificates, photographs, corporate minutes, audits, medical reports, patents, stock certificates, newspaper clippings, and a small number of artifacts."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0;The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Avellanal, Jose Luis (Jose Luis Avellanal y Jimenez) (1903-1982)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":790,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870862580648509440,"_root_":"862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:19:52.663Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/862f8e7a3474d88fee55fb06"}},{"id":"818340ad141f6e4365eef1b6_aspace_cc9b4da0e1392c963d24ee807d958818","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Journal of Alex Blair, Jr, May 17, 1942 - December 29, 1945","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/818340ad141f6e4365eef1b6_aspace_cc9b4da0e1392c963d24ee807d958818#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis journal was written by Captain Alex Blair Jr. and details Blair's thoughts, insights, and actions throughout his service from 1942 to 1945. 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However, it contains one concluding account on December 29, 1945, where Blair summarizes his treatment by the German army throughout his capture.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/818340ad141f6e4365eef1b6_aspace_cc9b4da0e1392c963d24ee807d958818#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_cc9b4da0e1392c963d24ee807d958818","ref_ssm":["aspace_cc9b4da0e1392c963d24ee807d958818","aspace_cc9b4da0e1392c963d24ee807d958818"],"id":"818340ad141f6e4365eef1b6_aspace_cc9b4da0e1392c963d24ee807d958818","title_filing_ssi":"Journal of Alex Blair, Jr","title_ssm":["Journal of Alex Blair, Jr"],"title_tesim":["Journal of Alex Blair, Jr"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["May 17, 1942 - December 29, 1945"],"normalized_date_ssm":["May 17, 1942 - December 29, 1945"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Journal of Alex Blair, Jr, May 17, 1942 - December 29, 1945"],"text":["Journal of Alex Blair, Jr, May 17, 1942 - December 29, 1945","97th Bomb Group Reunion Association collection, 1942-2000, Date accessioned","004","/repositories/10/archival_objects/187694","box 01.0601 - Box 2","folder 004","This journal was written by Captain Alex Blair Jr. and details Blair's thoughts, insights, and actions throughout his service from 1942 to 1945. Blair and his crew, aboard the Prowler, went down over Sicily in April 1943 and were taken prisoners by the German army until his release in 1945. As a result, the journal contains few additions after April 11, 1943. However, it contains one concluding account on December 29, 1945, where Blair summarizes his treatment by the German army throughout his capture."],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["818340ad141f6e4365eef1b6"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["97th Bomb Group Reunion Association collection, 1942-2000, Date accessioned"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["97th Bomb Group Reunion Association collection, 1942-2000, Date accessioned"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["004","/repositories/10/archival_objects/187694"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["97th Bomb Group Reunion Association collection, 1942-2000, Date accessioned"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":40,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"date_range_isim":[1942,1943,1944,1945],"containers_ssim":["box 01.0601 - Box 2","folder 004"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis journal was written by Captain Alex Blair Jr. and details Blair's thoughts, insights, and actions throughout his service from 1942 to 1945. Blair and his crew, aboard the Prowler, went down over Sicily in April 1943 and were taken prisoners by the German army until his release in 1945. As a result, the journal contains few additions after April 11, 1943. However, it contains one concluding account on December 29, 1945, where Blair summarizes his treatment by the German army throughout his capture.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This journal was written by Captain Alex Blair Jr. and details Blair's thoughts, insights, and actions throughout his service from 1942 to 1945. Blair and his crew, aboard the Prowler, went down over Sicily in April 1943 and were taken prisoners by the German army until his release in 1945. As a result, the journal contains few additions after April 11, 1943. However, it contains one concluding account on December 29, 1945, where Blair summarizes his treatment by the German army throughout his capture."],"_nest_path_":"/components#39","_nest_parent_":"818340ad141f6e4365eef1b6","_root_":"818340ad141f6e4365eef1b6","_version_":1871672047191457792,"timestamp":"2026-07-25T07:46:00.140Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"818340ad141f6e4365eef1b6","title_filing_ssi":"97th Bomb Group Reunion Association Collection","title_ssm":["97th Bomb Group Reunion Association collection"],"title_tesim":["97th Bomb Group Reunion Association collection"],"ead_ssi":"818340ad141f6e4365eef1b6","unitdate_ssm":["1942-2000","Date accessioned"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1942-2000"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["01.0601","/repositories/10/resources/1442"],"text":["01.0601","/repositories/10/resources/1442","97th Bomb Group Reunion Association collection, 1942-2000, Date accessioned","United States. Army Air Forces. Bomb Group, 97th","World War II Remembrance Group","Bombing, Aerial--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations, American--Personal narratives","B-17 bomber","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","United States. Army Air Forces. Bomber Command, 8th","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations","Military operations, Aerial -- American.","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Europe--Newspapers","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Europe","This collection is open to all researchers.","The 97th Bombardment Group was the first combat group of VIII Bomber Command to arrive in the United Kingdom was the ground echelon of the 97th Bombardment Group, which arrived at RAF Polebrook on June 9 1942. Regular combat operations by the 97th Bombardment Group, VIII Bomber Command, began on August 17, 1942, when the 97th Bombardment Group flew 12 B-17Es on the first  heavy bomber mission of the war from RAF Polebrook, attacking the Rouen-Sotteville marshalling yards in France. The group was assigned to the 8th, 12th, and 15th Air Forces. The 97th Bomb Group was the oldest bomb group in the European Theater (ETO) and the first group to fly three hundred missions. The last mission ended on April 26, 1945 (the 483rd mission). One of the most successful bomb groups, their diaries and journals outline both successful and failed missions alike. 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Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","English and German"],"unitid_tesim":["01.0601","/repositories/10/resources/1442"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1942-2000, Date accessioned"],"normalized_title_ssm":["97th Bomb Group Reunion Association collection, 1942-2000, Date accessioned"],"collection_title_tesim":["97th Bomb Group Reunion Association collection, 1942-2000, Date accessioned"],"collection_ssim":["97th Bomb Group Reunion Association collection, 1942-2000, Date accessioned"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["United States. Army Air Forces. Bomb Group, 97th"],"geogname_ssim":["United States. Army Air Forces. Bomb Group, 97th"],"places_ssim":["United States. Army Air Forces. Bomb Group, 97th"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War II Remembrance Group","Bombing, Aerial--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations, American--Personal narratives","B-17 bomber","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","United States. Army Air Forces. 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The 97th bombed every major synthetic oil plant and other major chemical plants, including the Ploesti oil refineries in Romania.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The 97th Bombardment Group was the first combat group of VIII Bomber Command to arrive in the United Kingdom was the ground echelon of the 97th Bombardment Group, which arrived at RAF Polebrook on June 9 1942. Regular combat operations by the 97th Bombardment Group, VIII Bomber Command, began on August 17, 1942, when the 97th Bombardment Group flew 12 B-17Es on the first  heavy bomber mission of the war from RAF Polebrook, attacking the Rouen-Sotteville marshalling yards in France. The group was assigned to the 8th, 12th, and 15th Air Forces. The 97th Bomb Group was the oldest bomb group in the European Theater (ETO) and the first group to fly three hundred missions. The last mission ended on April 26, 1945 (the 483rd mission). 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The 97th bombed every major synthetic oil plant and other major chemical plants, including the Ploesti oil refineries in Romania."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], 97th Bomb Group Reunion Association collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/WWII-01-0601\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], 97th Bomb Group Reunion Association collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/WWII-01-0601"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"97th Bombardment Group.\" Army Air Corps Library and Museum. \u003cextref href=\"https://www.97bg.org/\"\u003ehttps://www.97bg.org/\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Resources"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["\"97th Bombardment Group.\" Army Air Corps Library and Museum.  https://www.97bg.org/"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to the 97th Bombardment Group which was based in England, Africa and Italy during World War II and the first operational bomb group in England in 1942. 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