{"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1942\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026view=list","next":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1942\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=2\u0026view=list","last":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1942\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=239\u0026view=list"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":239,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":2381,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"3d637bb22bdad4a93c555a1c_aspace_d5f135825799c1b8cfcd154c46c1b7f7","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"1900s miscellaneous, 1914-1980","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/3d637bb22bdad4a93c555a1c_aspace_d5f135825799c1b8cfcd154c46c1b7f7#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_d5f135825799c1b8cfcd154c46c1b7f7","ref_ssm":["aspace_d5f135825799c1b8cfcd154c46c1b7f7","aspace_d5f135825799c1b8cfcd154c46c1b7f7"],"id":"3d637bb22bdad4a93c555a1c_aspace_d5f135825799c1b8cfcd154c46c1b7f7","title_filing_ssi":"1900s miscellaneous ","title_ssm":["1900s miscellaneous "],"title_tesim":["1900s miscellaneous "],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1914-1980"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1914-1980"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1900s miscellaneous, 1914-1980"],"text":["1900s miscellaneous, 1914-1980","Edith Daly Papers of Eugene Elliott, bulk 1849-1980","Elliott family papers","/repositories/3/archival_objects/214073","box 1","folder 1"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["3d637bb22bdad4a93c555a1c","3d637bb22bdad4a93c555a1c_aspace_529469b3898b74410ed8bd0ed682cb1b"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Edith Daly Papers of Eugene Elliott, bulk 1849-1980","Elliott family papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Edith Daly Papers of Eugene Elliott, bulk 1849-1980","Elliott family papers"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/3/archival_objects/214073"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Edith Daly Papers of Eugene Elliott, bulk 1849-1980"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":2,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["None"],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None. 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These folders sometimes commingle material types and creators. Series 2-4 were arranged in 2026 and were arranged into series based on material type and further arranged into folders based on creators or themes.","Eugene M. Elliott (Gene) was born in Topeka, Kansas, in 1882. He worked in the White House under President Theodore Roosevelt and served in other government positions during World War I. After directing the election campaigns of Warren G. Harding and Calvin Coolidge, he arrived in St. Petersburg in 1922 and began raising money for the Gandy Bridge which opened in 1924. Elliott's Boulevard and Bay Land Development Company bought land near the Gandy Bridge (including Weedon Island) with the goal of creating the Florida Riviera subdivision. Elliott invited J. Walter Fewkes of the Smithsonian Institution to conduct archaeological exploration of a mound on Weedon Island, resulting in the discovery of a major Pre-Columbian archaeological site. Elliott's real estate endeavors eventually failed and he went bankrupt during Florida's real estate bust in 1926. Elliott's wife of 21 years filed for divorce in 1926 and died of suspicious circumstances at their Beach Drive home shortly after. Elliott was initially charged with murder, but the charges were eventually dropped in 1927 after the disappearance of Elliott's maid and key witness Annie Gadsen. Elliott sold his St. Petersburg properties to the Gandy estate and left for California, eventually returning to St. Petersburg in the 1940s until his death in 1945.","Collection has series of Elliot family papers, correspondence, publications, and photographs. Material include Eugene Elliott family records, letters and correspondence, photographs, and papers from 1849 through the 1980s.","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. 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These folders sometimes commingle material types and creators. Series 2-4 were arranged in 2026 and were arranged into series based on material type and further arranged into folders based on creators or themes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The folders in the Elliott Family Papers (Series 1) were arranged chronologically upon initial receipt of the collection. These folders sometimes commingle material types and creators. Series 2-4 were arranged in 2026 and were arranged into series based on material type and further arranged into folders based on creators or themes."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEugene M. Elliott (Gene) was born in Topeka, Kansas, in 1882. He worked in the White House under President Theodore Roosevelt and served in other government positions during World War I. After directing the election campaigns of Warren G. Harding and Calvin Coolidge, he arrived in St. Petersburg in 1922 and began raising money for the Gandy Bridge which opened in 1924. Elliott's Boulevard and Bay Land Development Company bought land near the Gandy Bridge (including Weedon Island) with the goal of creating the Florida Riviera subdivision. Elliott invited J. Walter Fewkes of the Smithsonian Institution to conduct archaeological exploration of a mound on Weedon Island, resulting in the discovery of a major Pre-Columbian archaeological site. Elliott's real estate endeavors eventually failed and he went bankrupt during Florida's real estate bust in 1926. Elliott's wife of 21 years filed for divorce in 1926 and died of suspicious circumstances at their Beach Drive home shortly after. Elliott was initially charged with murder, but the charges were eventually dropped in 1927 after the disappearance of Elliott's maid and key witness Annie Gadsen. 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Walter Fewkes of the Smithsonian Institution to conduct archaeological exploration of a mound on Weedon Island, resulting in the discovery of a major Pre-Columbian archaeological site. Elliott's real estate endeavors eventually failed and he went bankrupt during Florida's real estate bust in 1926. Elliott's wife of 21 years filed for divorce in 1926 and died of suspicious circumstances at their Beach Drive home shortly after. Elliott was initially charged with murder, but the charges were eventually dropped in 1927 after the disappearance of Elliott's maid and key witness Annie Gadsen. Elliott sold his St. Petersburg properties to the Gandy estate and left for California, eventually returning to St. Petersburg in the 1940s until his death in 1945."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEdith Daly Papers of Eugene Elliott, Nelson Poynter Memorial Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Edith Daly Papers of Eugene Elliott, Nelson Poynter Memorial Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection has series of Elliot family papers, correspondence, publications, and photographs. Material include Eugene Elliott family records, letters and correspondence, photographs, and papers from 1849 through the 1980s.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection has series of Elliot family papers, correspondence, publications, and photographs. Material include Eugene Elliott family records, letters and correspondence, photographs, and papers from 1849 through the 1980s."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_54520587b92b5fa1606f4f3ffa38042d\"\u003eFamily papers of Eugene (Gene) M. Elliott, a historical figure in St. Petersburg known for raising money for the Gandy Bridge and attempting to create a subdivision on Weedon Island.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Family papers of Eugene (Gene) M. Elliott, a historical figure in St. Petersburg known for raising money for the Gandy Bridge and attempting to create a subdivision on Weedon Island."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives","Daly, Edith (1937-)"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Daly, Edith (1937-)"],"persname_ssim":["Daly, Edith (1937-)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":124,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"3d637bb22bdad4a93c555a1c","timestamp":"2026-07-08T03:41:24.553Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/3d637bb22bdad4a93c555a1c_aspace_d5f135825799c1b8cfcd154c46c1b7f7"}},{"id":"6a3439ec5b142fcb048b4e8a_aspace_fd0b79ffe25526626e038e21027baea5","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"1940s Pictures Part 1, 1940-1949","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/6a3439ec5b142fcb048b4e8a_aspace_fd0b79ffe25526626e038e21027baea5#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eA collection of photographs of Ellen Peterson and various other people and figures from the 1940s.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/6a3439ec5b142fcb048b4e8a_aspace_fd0b79ffe25526626e038e21027baea5#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_fd0b79ffe25526626e038e21027baea5","ref_ssm":["aspace_fd0b79ffe25526626e038e21027baea5","aspace_fd0b79ffe25526626e038e21027baea5"],"id":"6a3439ec5b142fcb048b4e8a_aspace_fd0b79ffe25526626e038e21027baea5","title_filing_ssi":"1940s Pictures Part 1","title_ssm":["1940s Pictures Part 1"],"title_tesim":["1940s Pictures Part 1"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1940-1949"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1940-1949"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1940s Pictures Part 1, 1940-1949"],"text":["1940s Pictures Part 1, 1940-1949","Ellen Peterson Legacy Collection, 1923-2018","Photos","5","/repositories/2/archival_objects/19842","English","box 3","folder 5","A collection of photographs of Ellen Peterson and various other people and figures from the 1940s."],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["6a3439ec5b142fcb048b4e8a","6a3439ec5b142fcb048b4e8a_aspace_aae3fcf25edb1dc3eba3aa5b07556a46"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Ellen Peterson Legacy Collection, 1923-2018","Photos"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Ellen Peterson Legacy Collection, 1923-2018","Photos"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["5","/repositories/2/archival_objects/19842"],"repository_ssim":["Florida Gulf Coast University Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Ellen Peterson Legacy Collection, 1923-2018"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":244,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"date_range_isim":[1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949],"language_ssim":["English"],"containers_ssim":["box 3","folder 5"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA collection of photographs of Ellen Peterson and various other people and figures from the 1940s.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A collection of photographs of Ellen Peterson and various other people and figures from the 1940s."],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#4","_nest_parent_":"6a3439ec5b142fcb048b4e8a_aspace_aae3fcf25edb1dc3eba3aa5b07556a46","_root_":"6a3439ec5b142fcb048b4e8a","_version_":1877728880174825472,"timestamp":"2026-09-30T04:16:46.193Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"6a3439ec5b142fcb048b4e8a","title_ssm":["Ellen Peterson Legacy Collection"],"title_tesim":["Ellen Peterson Legacy Collection"],"ead_ssi":"6a3439ec5b142fcb048b4e8a","unitdate_ssm":["1923-2018"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1923-2018"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["02/01/14","/repositories/2/resources/25"],"text":["02/01/14","/repositories/2/resources/25","Ellen Peterson Legacy Collection, 1923-2018","Estero (Fla.)","Sierra Club","Environment","Activists","Women's Rights Advocates","Social science.","Environmental science.","Political science.","Entrepreneurship.","The collection is open for research.","Organized in five series: Series 1, Ellen Peterson Materials; Series 2, Happehatchee Papers; Series 3, Audiovisual Materials; Series 4, Ephemera; Series 5, Photos.","Ellen Peterson, formerly Ellen Salisbury and Ellen Welch, was a woman before her time. From traveling across the country on a bike in her twenties to becoming a staunch environmentalists later in life, she cemented her legacy in the creation of the Happehatchee Center in Estero, Florida to inspire peace and healing. Ellen was heavily involved with saving Fisheating Creek in Florida, and continued to raise awareness about climate change and the environment until her parting.","This collection includes the scrapbook and journal from her bike trip, family photos, and correspondence from various stages of her life. Also included are projector slides, Sierra Club awards, an energy map of Southwest Florida, posters, bumper stickers, Happehatchee flyers, and pictures of her Florida home, which later became a part of Happehatchee. The largest part of this collection is the newspapers documenting her effort to save the planet.","Range: 8B, Section: 3, Shelf: 1-3","Florida Gulf Coast University Special Collections","Peterson, Ellen","English"],"unitid_tesim":["02/01/14","/repositories/2/resources/25"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1923-2018"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ellen Peterson Legacy Collection, 1923-2018"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ellen Peterson Legacy Collection, 1923-2018"],"collection_ssim":["Ellen Peterson Legacy Collection, 1923-2018"],"repository_ssm":["Florida Gulf Coast University Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["Florida Gulf Coast University Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Estero (Fla.)","Sierra Club"],"geogname_ssim":["Estero (Fla.)","Sierra Club"],"places_ssim":["Estero (Fla.)","Sierra Club"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Environment","Activists","Women's Rights Advocates","Social science.","Environmental science.","Political science.","Entrepreneurship."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Environment","Activists","Women's Rights Advocates","Social science.","Environmental science.","Political science.","Entrepreneurship."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["9.00 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Social science.","Environmental science.","Political science.","Entrepreneurship."],"date_range_isim":[1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized in five series: Series 1, Ellen Peterson Materials; Series 2, Happehatchee Papers; Series 3, Audiovisual Materials; Series 4, Ephemera; Series 5, Photos.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized in five series: Series 1, Ellen Peterson Materials; Series 2, Happehatchee Papers; Series 3, Audiovisual Materials; Series 4, Ephemera; Series 5, Photos."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEllen Peterson, formerly Ellen Salisbury and Ellen Welch, was a woman before her time. From traveling across the country on a bike in her twenties to becoming a staunch environmentalists later in life, she cemented her legacy in the creation of the Happehatchee Center in Estero, Florida to inspire peace and healing. Ellen was heavily involved with saving Fisheating Creek in Florida, and continued to raise awareness about climate change and the environment until her parting.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Ellen Peterson, formerly Ellen Salisbury and Ellen Welch, was a woman before her time. From traveling across the country on a bike in her twenties to becoming a staunch environmentalists later in life, she cemented her legacy in the creation of the Happehatchee Center in Estero, Florida to inspire peace and healing. 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Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment.","Photocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library. See less"],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement. When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder. Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections. See less See less"],"date_range_isim":[1942,1943,1944,1945],"containers_ssim":["box 34","folder 4"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clippings, articles, and correspondence covering the duties of the conscientious objectors in the CPS\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Newspaper clippings, articles, and correspondence covering the duties of the conscientious objectors in the CPS"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#347","_nest_parent_":"4ecd9741f5ab1f086d98fc86_aspace_ff3bc41a85011bea5a51cdad9b65b38a","_root_":"4ecd9741f5ab1f086d98fc86","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:01:13.886Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"4ecd9741f5ab1f086d98fc86","title_ssm":["Dr. Heather Frazer and Dr. John O'Sullivan Research Collection"],"title_tesim":["Dr. Heather Frazer and Dr. John O'Sullivan Research Collection"],"ead_ssi":"4ecd9741f5ab1f086d98fc86","unitdate_ssm":["1871 - 2006"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1871 - 2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UAFP0012","/repositories/2/resources/203"],"text":["UAFP0012","/repositories/2/resources/203","Dr. Heather Frazer and Dr. John O'Sullivan Research Collection, 1871 - 2006","United States","World War, 1939-1945","University Archives","University Archives -- Faculty Papers"," Civilian Public Service -- History","World War, 1939-1945 -- Conscientious objectors -- United States","Oral history","Collections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment.","Photocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library. See less","The Frazer-O'Sullivan Collection contains the research for the co- authored book, We Have Just Begun to Not Fight: An Oral History of Conscientious Objectors in the Civilian Public Service During World War II, by Heather Frazer and John O'Sullivan. More than 40,000 American men refused to fight during World War II. Citing principled opposition, they declared themselves conscientious objectors. Rejecting combat duty, nearly 12,000 men entered Civilian Public Service (CPS) with the intent to perform \"work of national importance\" as an alternative to combat duty. The CPS program was set up by members of the historic peace churches (Mennonites, Brethren, and Quakers) and participated in by pacifists from other churches, of no specific religious persuasion, and, in the case of a few, no persuasion except not to fight in that particular war. CPS men worked as aides in mental hospitals, volunteered as smoke jumpers in forest fires, and participated in grueling medical and scientific experiments.  Frazer and O'Sullivan use the oral histories of 15 CPS men and two of their wives to illuminate their experience during World War II. ","Heather T. Frazer (1940 – 2016) was a professor of history at Florida Atlantic University. In 1971, she became the first female faculty member in the FAU history department where she taught for 35 years before retiring in 2006. During her tenure, she served as Department Chair and Director of Graduate Studies. She also pioneered the study of women's history at FAU, helping establish the Women's Studies program, which is now the Center for Women, Gender and Sexuality Studies. Dr. Frazer taught courses in women's history, modern Britain and British Empire, Indian history, and oral history.","John O'Sullivan (1939-2000) was a professor of history at Florida Atlantic University. In 1971, he came to Florida Atlantic University where he served as chair of the History Department (1975-1978) and devoted his entire academic career. Dr. O'Sullivan received numerous research fellowships including the American Philosophical Society, the American Historical Association, and the Sloan Foundation. His areas of specialization were World War II, Vietnam War, Nuclear Age, the Holocaust, Peace History, Oral History and Modern American Political and Diplomatic Affairs.","Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement. When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder. Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections. See less See less","Florida Atlantic University Libraries","English"],"unitid_tesim":["UAFP0012","/repositories/2/resources/203"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1871 - 2006"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dr. Heather Frazer and Dr. John O'Sullivan Research Collection, 1871 - 2006"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dr. Heather Frazer and Dr. John O'Sullivan Research Collection, 1871 - 2006"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. Heather Frazer and Dr. John O'Sullivan Research Collection, 1871 - 2006"],"repository_ssm":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"repository_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"geogname_ssm":["United States"],"geogname_ssim":["United States"],"places_ssim":["United States"],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement. When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder. Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections. See less See less"],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945","University Archives","University Archives -- Faculty Papers"," Civilian Public Service -- History","World War, 1939-1945 -- Conscientious objectors -- United States","Oral history"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945","University Archives","University Archives -- Faculty Papers"," Civilian Public Service -- History","World War, 1939-1945 -- Conscientious objectors -- United States","Oral history"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["67 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["67 boxes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library. See less\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment.","Photocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library. See less"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Frazer-O'Sullivan Collection contains the research for the co- authored book, We Have Just Begun to Not Fight: An Oral History of Conscientious Objectors in the Civilian Public Service During World War II, by Heather Frazer and John O'Sullivan. More than 40,000 American men refused to fight during World War II. Citing principled opposition, they declared themselves conscientious objectors. Rejecting combat duty, nearly 12,000 men entered Civilian Public Service (CPS) with the intent to perform \"work of national importance\" as an alternative to combat duty. The CPS program was set up by members of the historic peace churches (Mennonites, Brethren, and Quakers) and participated in by pacifists from other churches, of no specific religious persuasion, and, in the case of a few, no persuasion except not to fight in that particular war. CPS men worked as aides in mental hospitals, volunteered as smoke jumpers in forest fires, and participated in grueling medical and scientific experiments.  Frazer and O'Sullivan use the oral histories of 15 CPS men and two of their wives to illuminate their experience during World War II. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHeather T. Frazer (1940 \u0026#x2013; 2016) was a professor of history at Florida Atlantic University. In 1971, she became the first female faculty member in the FAU history department where she taught for 35 years before retiring in 2006. During her tenure, she served as Department Chair and Director of Graduate Studies. She also pioneered the study of women's history at FAU, helping establish the Women's Studies program, which is now the Center for Women, Gender and Sexuality Studies. Dr. Frazer taught courses in women's history, modern Britain and British Empire, Indian history, and oral history.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohn O'Sullivan (1939-2000) was a professor of history at Florida Atlantic University. In 1971, he came to Florida Atlantic University where he served as chair of the History Department (1975-1978) and devoted his entire academic career. Dr. O'Sullivan received numerous research fellowships including the American Philosophical Society, the American Historical Association, and the Sloan Foundation. His areas of specialization were World War II, Vietnam War, Nuclear Age, the Holocaust, Peace History, Oral History and Modern American Political and Diplomatic Affairs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Frazer-O'Sullivan Collection contains the research for the co- authored book, We Have Just Begun to Not Fight: An Oral History of Conscientious Objectors in the Civilian Public Service During World War II, by Heather Frazer and John O'Sullivan. More than 40,000 American men refused to fight during World War II. Citing principled opposition, they declared themselves conscientious objectors. Rejecting combat duty, nearly 12,000 men entered Civilian Public Service (CPS) with the intent to perform \"work of national importance\" as an alternative to combat duty. The CPS program was set up by members of the historic peace churches (Mennonites, Brethren, and Quakers) and participated in by pacifists from other churches, of no specific religious persuasion, and, in the case of a few, no persuasion except not to fight in that particular war. CPS men worked as aides in mental hospitals, volunteered as smoke jumpers in forest fires, and participated in grueling medical and scientific experiments.  Frazer and O'Sullivan use the oral histories of 15 CPS men and two of their wives to illuminate their experience during World War II. ","Heather T. Frazer (1940 – 2016) was a professor of history at Florida Atlantic University. In 1971, she became the first female faculty member in the FAU history department where she taught for 35 years before retiring in 2006. During her tenure, she served as Department Chair and Director of Graduate Studies. She also pioneered the study of women's history at FAU, helping establish the Women's Studies program, which is now the Center for Women, Gender and Sexuality Studies. Dr. Frazer taught courses in women's history, modern Britain and British Empire, Indian history, and oral history.","John O'Sullivan (1939-2000) was a professor of history at Florida Atlantic University. In 1971, he came to Florida Atlantic University where he served as chair of the History Department (1975-1978) and devoted his entire academic career. Dr. O'Sullivan received numerous research fellowships including the American Philosophical Society, the American Historical Association, and the Sloan Foundation. His areas of specialization were World War II, Vietnam War, Nuclear Age, the Holocaust, Peace History, Oral History and Modern American Political and Diplomatic Affairs."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement. When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder. Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections. See less See less\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement. When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder. Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections. See less See less"],"names_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"corpname_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":808,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"4ecd9741f5ab1f086d98fc86","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:01:13.886Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4ecd9741f5ab1f086d98fc86_aspace_61d16d29bb809f51e42e4e3654bb7ce5"}},{"id":"71b8a757b0f138dee122db24_aspace_468d453089093c03155e996c5b44f2ad","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"# 2, 3, 4, 5, 1941-1942","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/71b8a757b0f138dee122db24_aspace_468d453089093c03155e996c5b44f2ad#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_468d453089093c03155e996c5b44f2ad","ref_ssm":["aspace_468d453089093c03155e996c5b44f2ad","aspace_468d453089093c03155e996c5b44f2ad"],"id":"71b8a757b0f138dee122db24_aspace_468d453089093c03155e996c5b44f2ad","title_filing_ssi":"# 2, 3, 4, 5","title_ssm":["# 2, 3, 4, 5"],"title_tesim":["# 2, 3, 4, 5"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1941-1942"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1941-1942"],"normalized_title_ssm":["# 2, 3, 4, 5, 1941-1942"],"text":["# 2, 3, 4, 5, 1941-1942","Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010","Bulletins","State Bulletins","/repositories/2/archival_objects/38675","box 1","folder 1"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["71b8a757b0f138dee122db24","71b8a757b0f138dee122db24_aspace_b4b97215712bf23eb440a9556e731f9a","71b8a757b0f138dee122db24_aspace_ecd34b1c0f836fabfbd1ffbd37054406"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010","Bulletins","State Bulletins"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010","Bulletins","State Bulletins"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/2/archival_objects/38675"],"repository_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":3,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to\nunprocessed born digital materials."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish materials from the Florida Bandmasters Association Records must be obtained from the Florida Bandmasters Association. Please inquire with the College Archivist if you have questions 863-616-6487"],"date_range_isim":[1941,1942],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#0","_nest_parent_":"71b8a757b0f138dee122db24_aspace_ecd34b1c0f836fabfbd1ffbd37054406","_root_":"71b8a757b0f138dee122db24","_version_":1877102187519148032,"timestamp":"2026-09-23T06:15:45.471Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"71b8a757b0f138dee122db24","title_ssm":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records"],"title_tesim":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records"],"ead_ssi":"71b8a757b0f138dee122db24","unitdate_ssm":["1936-2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1936-2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS1000","/repositories/2/resources/26"],"text":["MS1000","/repositories/2/resources/26","Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010","Florida Bandmaster Association","School bands--Florida--History","Music contests--Florida","Photographs--United States","Correspondence","Photographs","This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to\nunprocessed born digital materials.","The Florida Bandmasters Association (FBA) has guided the musical development of generations of Florida's high school students since 1936. Formed by a few visionary high school band directors from across Florida, the FBA sought to promote interest in high school bands and band contests during an era where few schools had bands but interest was growing, and to strengthen the professional standing of the state's band directors. The FBA sponsored a\nsingle State Festival for several years. In the late 1940's, the Festival became large enough that the state was divided into six geographical Districts, and District Contests were devised to serve as qualifiers for bands attending the State Contest. Since then, additional growth resulted in 10\nDistricts, then to 14, then to 15 in 1982, to 17 in 1987, and to 19 in 1995. There is still 19 districts.\nThroughout the years, the FBA has managed state- and district-level band festivals, clinics, and other events, ensuring that music remained in the public school curriculum and maintaining high musical standards for students. In 1966, the FBA completed an amicable merger with the Florida Association of Bandmasters, the equivalent organization for African-American schools\nprior to integration. The FABD had formed in 1941with Leander Kirksey as the first president. He was followed by George H. Hill (1955-1960) and James W. Wilson (1960-1966). Wilson later served as president of the FBA from 1974-1975. Early organizers and leaders of the FBA include some giants in the school band field, including first president Major Ed Chenette, P.J. Gustat, Browne Greaton Cole, and John J. Heney. For a complete list of presidents visit https://fba.flmusiced.org/about/history. FBA eventually became a component organization of the Florida Music Education Association.\nIn addition, the FBA had a relationship with the Florida High School Activities Association, from whom the FBA, and their associated events, received funding. John Joseph Heney, Sr. (1903-1978) was a percussionist, music educator, and historian. He played with numerous bands throughout his career, most notably the John Phillip Sousa Band during its final six years. In addition to playing professionally, Heney taught at numerous schools in the Florida area, including Ketterlinus High School, Stetson University, and DeLand High School, where he stayed for thirty-two years. He was a founder of the FBA and instrumental in starting the archives. For more information, please visit: http://www.pas.org/docs/defaultsource/SoundEnhancedPdfs/the-life-and-music-of-john-joseph-heney.pdf?sfvrsn=2","This collection documents the functions and activities of the Florida Bandmasters Association. Included are governance-related materials such as constitutions and bylaws, as well as informational bulletins; financial records; minutes of state, district, and committee meetings; and\ncorrespondence to and from Association leadership. Of note for genealogists are annual membership directories and membership applications from the 1940 into the 1960s that include a resume and photograph of each applicant. The collection also includes detailed records of band contests and festivals, with records pertaining to the administrative and logistical efforts as\nwell as results. Other documentary forms found in the collection are a small number of musical scores and cassette tapes of performances.","The records have been arranged in eight series, six of which have been further arranged in subseries.","Series 1: Bulletins, 1941-2010. Nine feet two inches or 22 boxes. Bulletins includes both State (1941-2010) and District (1946-1995) arranged separately and chronologically. The content of the bulletins changed slightly over the years, and may contain general information for the membership, meeting times, meeting agendas or minutes, and contest results. Some issues are missing.","Series 2: Constitutions, Bylaws, Handbooks, Manuals, \u0026 Proclamations, 1939-2010. 20 inches or 4 boxes. Arranged by year. Copies of the current constitution or by-law were often printed in an annual handbook.\nSeries 3: Contests and other events, 1936-1996. Twenty feet 5 inches or 49 boxes. Arranged in five subseries – Contests (1936-1996), Adjudication (1962-1992), Clinics (1943-1993), Music Lists (1954-1994), and Music Scores, n.d. Each subseries is arranged chronologically. Records include documents relating to events sponsored or managed by FBA, including district and state contests/festivals, the All-Star Marching Band, and All-State competitions.","Series 4: Correspondence, 1927-1994. Twelve feet, one inch or twenty-nine boxes. This series was maintained in original order (as found in 2018) which included materials by Correspondent (1927-1994), and more routine Business Correspondence by year (1948-1993). It contains a variety of letters from FBA presidents, executive secretaries, and other related people or organizations about finances, meetings, activities, events, and association history.\nSeries 5, Financial Records, 1939-2008. Two feet, eleven inches or seven boxes, arranged by year. Documents include ledgers, reports, and budgets at the state and district levels. Financial information can also be found in Bulletins and Minutes.","Series 6, Meetings, 1938-2009. Eight feet, nine inches or twenty-one boxes, arranged in four subseries and then chronologically. State and district meetings were held by officers and reflect decisions made for the group. State Minutes, 1938-1993 and District Minutes, 1945-2009 sometimes include agendas, but they typically describe the events of the meeting and may include a list of attendees, a statement of the issues considered by the participants, and related responses or decisions for the issues. The Committees, 1950-1993 minutes, arranged alphabetically by committee name are not a complete record of all committees. Some minutes were never filed with the main office. Some minutes of the committees are recorded in the bulletins. Decisions made at the business meeting attended by the general membership are found within the Summer Conventions, 1968-1993.","Series 7, Membership, 1949-2000. Three feet, ten inches or nine boxes. The Membership Applications, 1949-1985 from the earlier years often include a photograph and resume-like information. Directories, 1946-2000 are the compilation of information into a published booklet. The News includes some obituaries and newspaper clipping of some members.","Series 8, Related Materials, 1940-1974, n.d. Twenty inches, or five boxes. This last series includes materials by and about John J. Heney, Sr. Heney was a member of the Sousa Band Fraternal Society. Several boxes of materials reflect his involvement with the John Philip Sousa Band, and his interest in preserving Sousa's memory after the band leader's death. The Photographs include mostly albums of marching bands, but also of some band directors.","Permission to publish materials from the Florida Bandmasters Association Records must be obtained from the Florida Bandmasters Association. Please inquire with the College Archivist if you have questions 863-616-6487","The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections","Florida Bandmaster Association","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS1000","/repositories/2/resources/26"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1936-2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010"],"collection_title_tesim":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010"],"collection_ssim":["Florida Bandmasters Association Records, 1936-2010"],"repository_ssm":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"repository_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Florida Bandmaster Association"],"creator_ssim":["Florida Bandmaster Association"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Florida Bandmaster Association"],"creators_ssim":["Florida Bandmaster Association"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish materials from the Florida Bandmasters Association Records must be obtained from the Florida Bandmasters Association. Please inquire with the College Archivist if you have questions 863-616-6487"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Beginning in 1967, John J. Heney took on the role of FBA archivist and began to assemble what records he could collect from former FBA presidents, executive director Robert Lampi, and individual bandmasters. Heney made arrangements with the University of Florida to store the records, which he delivered in several installments through 1978. In 1988, because of a connection between an FBA member and Florida Southern College, the collection was returned to the FBA and moved to FSC."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Florida Bandmaster Association","School bands--Florida--History","Music contests--Florida","Photographs--United States","Correspondence","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Florida Bandmaster Association","School bands--Florida--History","Music contests--Florida","Photographs--United States","Correspondence","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["60.5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["60.5 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to\nunprocessed born digital materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact McKay Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to\nunprocessed born digital materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Florida Bandmasters Association (FBA) has guided the musical development of generations of Florida's high school students since 1936. Formed by a few visionary high school band directors from across Florida, the FBA sought to promote interest in high school bands and band contests during an era where few schools had bands but interest was growing, and to strengthen the professional standing of the state's band directors. The FBA sponsored a\nsingle State Festival for several years. In the late 1940's, the Festival became large enough that the state was divided into six geographical Districts, and District Contests were devised to serve as qualifiers for bands attending the State Contest. Since then, additional growth resulted in 10\nDistricts, then to 14, then to 15 in 1982, to 17 in 1987, and to 19 in 1995. There is still 19 districts.\nThroughout the years, the FBA has managed state- and district-level band festivals, clinics, and other events, ensuring that music remained in the public school curriculum and maintaining high musical standards for students. In 1966, the FBA completed an amicable merger with the Florida Association of Bandmasters, the equivalent organization for African-American schools\nprior to integration. The FABD had formed in 1941with Leander Kirksey as the first president. He was followed by George H. Hill (1955-1960) and James W. Wilson (1960-1966). Wilson later served as president of the FBA from 1974-1975. Early organizers and leaders of the FBA include some giants in the school band field, including first president Major Ed Chenette, P.J. Gustat, Browne Greaton Cole, and John J. Heney. For a complete list of presidents visit https://fba.flmusiced.org/about/history. FBA eventually became a component organization of the Florida Music Education Association.\nIn addition, the FBA had a relationship with the Florida High School Activities Association, from whom the FBA, and their associated events, received funding. John Joseph Heney, Sr. (1903-1978) was a percussionist, music educator, and historian. He played with numerous bands throughout his career, most notably the John Phillip Sousa Band during its final six years. In addition to playing professionally, Heney taught at numerous schools in the Florida area, including Ketterlinus High School, Stetson University, and DeLand High School, where he stayed for thirty-two years. He was a founder of the FBA and instrumental in starting the archives. For more information, please visit: http://www.pas.org/docs/defaultsource/SoundEnhancedPdfs/the-life-and-music-of-john-joseph-heney.pdf?sfvrsn=2\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Florida Bandmasters Association (FBA) has guided the musical development of generations of Florida's high school students since 1936. Formed by a few visionary high school band directors from across Florida, the FBA sought to promote interest in high school bands and band contests during an era where few schools had bands but interest was growing, and to strengthen the professional standing of the state's band directors. The FBA sponsored a\nsingle State Festival for several years. In the late 1940's, the Festival became large enough that the state was divided into six geographical Districts, and District Contests were devised to serve as qualifiers for bands attending the State Contest. Since then, additional growth resulted in 10\nDistricts, then to 14, then to 15 in 1982, to 17 in 1987, and to 19 in 1995. There is still 19 districts.\nThroughout the years, the FBA has managed state- and district-level band festivals, clinics, and other events, ensuring that music remained in the public school curriculum and maintaining high musical standards for students. In 1966, the FBA completed an amicable merger with the Florida Association of Bandmasters, the equivalent organization for African-American schools\nprior to integration. The FABD had formed in 1941with Leander Kirksey as the first president. He was followed by George H. Hill (1955-1960) and James W. Wilson (1960-1966). Wilson later served as president of the FBA from 1974-1975. Early organizers and leaders of the FBA include some giants in the school band field, including first president Major Ed Chenette, P.J. Gustat, Browne Greaton Cole, and John J. Heney. For a complete list of presidents visit https://fba.flmusiced.org/about/history. FBA eventually became a component organization of the Florida Music Education Association.\nIn addition, the FBA had a relationship with the Florida High School Activities Association, from whom the FBA, and their associated events, received funding. John Joseph Heney, Sr. (1903-1978) was a percussionist, music educator, and historian. He played with numerous bands throughout his career, most notably the John Phillip Sousa Band during its final six years. In addition to playing professionally, Heney taught at numerous schools in the Florida area, including Ketterlinus High School, Stetson University, and DeLand High School, where he stayed for thirty-two years. He was a founder of the FBA and instrumental in starting the archives. For more information, please visit: http://www.pas.org/docs/defaultsource/SoundEnhancedPdfs/the-life-and-music-of-john-joseph-heney.pdf?sfvrsn=2"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the functions and activities of the Florida Bandmasters Association. Included are governance-related materials such as constitutions and bylaws, as well as informational bulletins; financial records; minutes of state, district, and committee meetings; and\ncorrespondence to and from Association leadership. Of note for genealogists are annual membership directories and membership applications from the 1940 into the 1960s that include a resume and photograph of each applicant. The collection also includes detailed records of band contests and festivals, with records pertaining to the administrative and logistical efforts as\nwell as results. Other documentary forms found in the collection are a small number of musical scores and cassette tapes of performances.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe records have been arranged in eight series, six of which have been further arranged in subseries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Bulletins, 1941-2010. Nine feet two inches or 22 boxes. Bulletins includes both State (1941-2010) and District (1946-1995) arranged separately and chronologically. The content of the bulletins changed slightly over the years, and may contain general information for the membership, meeting times, meeting agendas or minutes, and contest results. Some issues are missing.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Constitutions, Bylaws, Handbooks, Manuals, \u0026amp; Proclamations, 1939-2010. 20 inches or 4 boxes. Arranged by year. Copies of the current constitution or by-law were often printed in an annual handbook.\nSeries 3: Contests and other events, 1936-1996. Twenty feet 5 inches or 49 boxes. Arranged in five subseries \u0026#x2013; Contests (1936-1996), Adjudication (1962-1992), Clinics (1943-1993), Music Lists (1954-1994), and Music Scores, n.d. Each subseries is arranged chronologically. Records include documents relating to events sponsored or managed by FBA, including district and state contests/festivals, the All-Star Marching Band, and All-State competitions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Correspondence, 1927-1994. Twelve feet, one inch or twenty-nine boxes. This series was maintained in original order (as found in 2018) which included materials by Correspondent (1927-1994), and more routine Business Correspondence by year (1948-1993). It contains a variety of letters from FBA presidents, executive secretaries, and other related people or organizations about finances, meetings, activities, events, and association history.\nSeries 5, Financial Records, 1939-2008. Two feet, eleven inches or seven boxes, arranged by year. Documents include ledgers, reports, and budgets at the state and district levels. Financial information can also be found in Bulletins and Minutes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6, Meetings, 1938-2009. Eight feet, nine inches or twenty-one boxes, arranged in four subseries and then chronologically. State and district meetings were held by officers and reflect decisions made for the group. State Minutes, 1938-1993 and District Minutes, 1945-2009 sometimes include agendas, but they typically describe the events of the meeting and may include a list of attendees, a statement of the issues considered by the participants, and related responses or decisions for the issues. The Committees, 1950-1993 minutes, arranged alphabetically by committee name are not a complete record of all committees. Some minutes were never filed with the main office. Some minutes of the committees are recorded in the bulletins. Decisions made at the business meeting attended by the general membership are found within the Summer Conventions, 1968-1993.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7, Membership, 1949-2000. Three feet, ten inches or nine boxes. The Membership Applications, 1949-1985 from the earlier years often include a photograph and resume-like information. Directories, 1946-2000 are the compilation of information into a published booklet. The News includes some obituaries and newspaper clipping of some members.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8, Related Materials, 1940-1974, n.d. Twenty inches, or five boxes. This last series includes materials by and about John J. Heney, Sr. Heney was a member of the Sousa Band Fraternal Society. Several boxes of materials reflect his involvement with the John Philip Sousa Band, and his interest in preserving Sousa's memory after the band leader's death. The Photographs include mostly albums of marching bands, but also of some band directors.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents the functions and activities of the Florida Bandmasters Association. Included are governance-related materials such as constitutions and bylaws, as well as informational bulletins; financial records; minutes of state, district, and committee meetings; and\ncorrespondence to and from Association leadership. Of note for genealogists are annual membership directories and membership applications from the 1940 into the 1960s that include a resume and photograph of each applicant. The collection also includes detailed records of band contests and festivals, with records pertaining to the administrative and logistical efforts as\nwell as results. Other documentary forms found in the collection are a small number of musical scores and cassette tapes of performances.","The records have been arranged in eight series, six of which have been further arranged in subseries.","Series 1: Bulletins, 1941-2010. Nine feet two inches or 22 boxes. Bulletins includes both State (1941-2010) and District (1946-1995) arranged separately and chronologically. The content of the bulletins changed slightly over the years, and may contain general information for the membership, meeting times, meeting agendas or minutes, and contest results. Some issues are missing.","Series 2: Constitutions, Bylaws, Handbooks, Manuals, \u0026 Proclamations, 1939-2010. 20 inches or 4 boxes. Arranged by year. Copies of the current constitution or by-law were often printed in an annual handbook.\nSeries 3: Contests and other events, 1936-1996. Twenty feet 5 inches or 49 boxes. Arranged in five subseries – Contests (1936-1996), Adjudication (1962-1992), Clinics (1943-1993), Music Lists (1954-1994), and Music Scores, n.d. Each subseries is arranged chronologically. Records include documents relating to events sponsored or managed by FBA, including district and state contests/festivals, the All-Star Marching Band, and All-State competitions.","Series 4: Correspondence, 1927-1994. Twelve feet, one inch or twenty-nine boxes. This series was maintained in original order (as found in 2018) which included materials by Correspondent (1927-1994), and more routine Business Correspondence by year (1948-1993). It contains a variety of letters from FBA presidents, executive secretaries, and other related people or organizations about finances, meetings, activities, events, and association history.\nSeries 5, Financial Records, 1939-2008. Two feet, eleven inches or seven boxes, arranged by year. Documents include ledgers, reports, and budgets at the state and district levels. Financial information can also be found in Bulletins and Minutes.","Series 6, Meetings, 1938-2009. Eight feet, nine inches or twenty-one boxes, arranged in four subseries and then chronologically. State and district meetings were held by officers and reflect decisions made for the group. State Minutes, 1938-1993 and District Minutes, 1945-2009 sometimes include agendas, but they typically describe the events of the meeting and may include a list of attendees, a statement of the issues considered by the participants, and related responses or decisions for the issues. The Committees, 1950-1993 minutes, arranged alphabetically by committee name are not a complete record of all committees. Some minutes were never filed with the main office. Some minutes of the committees are recorded in the bulletins. Decisions made at the business meeting attended by the general membership are found within the Summer Conventions, 1968-1993.","Series 7, Membership, 1949-2000. Three feet, ten inches or nine boxes. The Membership Applications, 1949-1985 from the earlier years often include a photograph and resume-like information. Directories, 1946-2000 are the compilation of information into a published booklet. The News includes some obituaries and newspaper clipping of some members.","Series 8, Related Materials, 1940-1974, n.d. Twenty inches, or five boxes. This last series includes materials by and about John J. Heney, Sr. Heney was a member of the Sousa Band Fraternal Society. Several boxes of materials reflect his involvement with the John Philip Sousa Band, and his interest in preserving Sousa's memory after the band leader's death. The Photographs include mostly albums of marching bands, but also of some band directors."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish materials from the Florida Bandmasters Association Records must be obtained from the Florida Bandmasters Association. Please inquire with the College Archivist if you have questions 863-616-6487\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish materials from the Florida Bandmasters Association Records must be obtained from the Florida Bandmasters Association. Please inquire with the College Archivist if you have questions 863-616-6487"],"names_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections","Florida Bandmaster Association"],"corpname_ssim":["The Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center Manuscript Collections","Florida Bandmaster Association"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2839,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1877102187519148032,"_root_":"71b8a757b0f138dee122db24","timestamp":"2026-09-23T06:15:45.471Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/71b8a757b0f138dee122db24_aspace_468d453089093c03155e996c5b44f2ad"}},{"id":"5db3c6cc50db660f93b14fbf_aspace_188959","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"25th Station Hospital Fort Bragg, N.C. Photograph, 1942","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5db3c6cc50db660f93b14fbf_aspace_188959#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003e25th Station Hospital Fort Bragg, N.C. Photograph - Major E. W. Lehew Comg. 7 - 2 - 42\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5db3c6cc50db660f93b14fbf_aspace_188959#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_188959","ref_ssm":["aspace_188959","aspace_188959"],"id":"5db3c6cc50db660f93b14fbf_aspace_188959","title_filing_ssi":"25th Station Hospital Fort Bragg, N.C. Photograph","title_ssm":["25th Station Hospital Fort Bragg, N.C. Photograph"],"title_tesim":["25th Station Hospital Fort Bragg, N.C. Photograph"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1942"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1942"],"normalized_title_ssm":["25th Station Hospital Fort Bragg, N.C. Photograph, 1942"],"text":["25th Station Hospital Fort Bragg, N.C. Photograph, 1942","Gertrude Margaritte Ivory Bertram collection, 1938-2007, Date acquired: 10/07/2007, Date accessioned: 2020-04-22, bulk 1942","File 010","/repositories/10/archival_objects/47990","07.0114 - Box 1","folder 010","25th Station Hospital Fort Bragg, N.C. Photograph - Major E. W. 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Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"date_range_isim":[1942],"containers_ssim":["07.0114 - Box 1","folder 010"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e25th Station Hospital Fort Bragg, N.C. Photograph - Major E. W. Lehew Comg. 7 - 2 - 42\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["25th Station Hospital Fort Bragg, N.C. Photograph - Major E. W. Lehew Comg. 7 - 2 - 42"],"_nest_path_":"/components#9","_nest_parent_":"5db3c6cc50db660f93b14fbf","_root_":"5db3c6cc50db660f93b14fbf","timestamp":"2026-07-10T08:14:14.272Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"5db3c6cc50db660f93b14fbf","title_filing_ssi":"Bertram, Gertrude Margaritte Ivory collection","title_ssm":["Gertrude Margaritte Ivory Bertram collection"],"title_tesim":["Gertrude Margaritte Ivory Bertram collection"],"ead_ssi":"5db3c6cc50db660f93b14fbf","unitdate_ssm":["1938-2007","1942","Date acquired: 10/07/2007","Date accessioned: 2020-04-22"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1942"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1938-2007"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 10/07/2007","Date accessioned: 2020-04-22"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["07.0114","/repositories/10/resources/466"],"text":["07.0114","/repositories/10/resources/466","Gertrude Margaritte Ivory Bertram collection, 1938-2007, Date acquired: 10/07/2007, Date accessioned: 2020-04-22, bulk 1942","Fort Bragg (N.C.)","Monrovia (Liberia)--History.","Monrovia (Liberia)","Military nursing--United States","Military nursing--Europe","African American soldiers--Biography","African American veterans--Biography","United States--Armed Forces--African Americans--History--20th century","United States--Armed Forces--Biography","United States -- History, Military -- 20th century -- Sources","Women--United States","World War, 1939-1945--Women--United States","Nurses -- United States -- Biography","United States--Armed Forces--Nurses--Biography","World War, 1939-1945--Medical care--United States","African American women--Civil rights--History--20th century","African American women employees","African American women--History","African Americans--Civil rights","African Americans--Employment","United States--Race relations--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--African Americans","World War, 1939-1945--Africa","World War, 1939-1945--Pictorial works","World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American","This collection is open to all researchers.","Creator","Bertram was born in Clarksville, Georgia, on February 17, 1916. She attended nursing school at the Brewster Hospital and School of Nurse Training in Jacksonville, Florida, which was the first African American hospital in the United States. She then enlisted in the U.S. Army on May 1, 1941 at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, as a ward nurse. While in the Army, Bertram served as a ward nurse in Fort Bragg and later in the West African theater and Louisiana. After the war, she continued to work as a nurse, wrote a book, and raised a family.","This collection was donated by Gertrude Margaritte Ivory Bertram. The collection was acquired by the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience on October 7, 2007.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This World War II collection relates to Gertrude Margaritte Ivory Bertram, an African American nurse who served in the U.S. Army. The collection consists of letters, photographs (depicting herself and her fellow nurses in uniform, as well as African American G.I.s, and a few photographs from her time in West Africa), personal items, books, manuscripts, newspaper clippings, and interviews. The materials mainly document Bertram's time at Fort Bragg, NC, but there is some information concerning her life before enlistment, travels during enlistment, and life after enlistment. Most of her enlistment was spent in West Africa and at Fort Bragg, NC. This collection is important, as it covers the unique experiences of women and African Americans during World War II, and offers insight that differs from the majority white male G.I. perspective. It depicts African American nurses in both a professional setting and casual settings as Bertram enjoyed downtime with her friends.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army Nurse Corps","Bertram, Gertrude Margaritte Ivory","English"],"unitid_tesim":["07.0114","/repositories/10/resources/466"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1938-2007, Date acquired: 10/07/2007, Date accessioned: 2020-04-22, bulk 1942"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Gertrude Margaritte Ivory Bertram collection, 1938-2007, Date acquired: 10/07/2007, Date accessioned: 2020-04-22, bulk 1942"],"collection_title_tesim":["Gertrude Margaritte Ivory Bertram collection, 1938-2007, Date acquired: 10/07/2007, Date accessioned: 2020-04-22, bulk 1942"],"collection_ssim":["Gertrude Margaritte Ivory Bertram collection, 1938-2007, Date acquired: 10/07/2007, Date accessioned: 2020-04-22, bulk 1942"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Fort Bragg (N.C.)","Monrovia (Liberia)--History.","Monrovia (Liberia)"],"geogname_ssim":["Fort Bragg (N.C.)","Monrovia (Liberia)--History.","Monrovia (Liberia)"],"creator_ssm":["Bertram, Gertrude Margaritte Ivory"],"creator_ssim":["Bertram, Gertrude Margaritte Ivory"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bertram, Gertrude Margaritte Ivory"],"creators_ssim":["Bertram, Gertrude Margaritte Ivory"],"places_ssim":["Fort Bragg (N.C.)","Monrovia (Liberia)--History.","Monrovia (Liberia)"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Military nursing--United States","Military nursing--Europe","African American soldiers--Biography","African American veterans--Biography","United States--Armed Forces--African Americans--History--20th century","United States--Armed Forces--Biography","United States -- History, Military -- 20th century -- Sources","Women--United States","World War, 1939-1945--Women--United States","Nurses -- United States -- Biography","United States--Armed Forces--Nurses--Biography","World War, 1939-1945--Medical care--United States","African American women--Civil rights--History--20th century","African American women employees","African American women--History","African Americans--Civil rights","African Americans--Employment","United States--Race relations--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--African Americans","World War, 1939-1945--Africa","World War, 1939-1945--Pictorial works","World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Military nursing--United States","Military nursing--Europe","African American soldiers--Biography","African American veterans--Biography","United States--Armed Forces--African Americans--History--20th century","United States--Armed Forces--Biography","United States -- History, Military -- 20th century -- Sources","Women--United States","World War, 1939-1945--Women--United States","Nurses -- United States -- Biography","United States--Armed Forces--Nurses--Biography","World War, 1939-1945--Medical care--United States","African American women--Civil rights--History--20th century","African American women employees","African American women--History","African Americans--Civil rights","African Americans--Employment","United States--Race relations--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--African Americans","World War, 1939-1945--Africa","World War, 1939-1945--Pictorial works","World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".25 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":[".25 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCreator\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["Creator"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBertram was born in Clarksville, Georgia, on February 17, 1916. She attended nursing school at the Brewster Hospital and School of Nurse Training in Jacksonville, Florida, which was the first African American hospital in the United States. She then enlisted in the U.S. Army on May 1, 1941 at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, as a ward nurse. While in the Army, Bertram served as a ward nurse in Fort Bragg and later in the West African theater and Louisiana. After the war, she continued to work as a nurse, wrote a book, and raised a family.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Bertram was born in Clarksville, Georgia, on February 17, 1916. She attended nursing school at the Brewster Hospital and School of Nurse Training in Jacksonville, Florida, which was the first African American hospital in the United States. She then enlisted in the U.S. Army on May 1, 1941 at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, as a ward nurse. While in the Army, Bertram served as a ward nurse in Fort Bragg and later in the West African theater and Louisiana. After the war, she continued to work as a nurse, wrote a book, and raised a family."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was donated by Gertrude Margaritte Ivory Bertram. The collection was acquired by the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience on October 7, 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History","Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["This collection was donated by Gertrude Margaritte Ivory Bertram. The collection was acquired by the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience on October 7, 2007.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Gertrude Margaritte Ivory Bertram collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_07_0114\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_07_0114\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Gertrude Margaritte Ivory Bertram collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_07_0114 ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis World War II collection relates to Gertrude Margaritte Ivory Bertram, an African American nurse who served in the U.S. Army. The collection consists of letters, photographs (depicting herself and her fellow nurses in uniform, as well as African American G.I.s, and a few photographs from her time in West Africa), personal items, books, manuscripts, newspaper clippings, and interviews. The materials mainly document Bertram's time at Fort Bragg, NC, but there is some information concerning her life before enlistment, travels during enlistment, and life after enlistment. Most of her enlistment was spent in West Africa and at Fort Bragg, NC. This collection is important, as it covers the unique experiences of women and African Americans during World War II, and offers insight that differs from the majority white male G.I. perspective. It depicts African American nurses in both a professional setting and casual settings as Bertram enjoyed downtime with her friends.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This World War II collection relates to Gertrude Margaritte Ivory Bertram, an African American nurse who served in the U.S. Army. The collection consists of letters, photographs (depicting herself and her fellow nurses in uniform, as well as African American G.I.s, and a few photographs from her time in West Africa), personal items, books, manuscripts, newspaper clippings, and interviews. The materials mainly document Bertram's time at Fort Bragg, NC, but there is some information concerning her life before enlistment, travels during enlistment, and life after enlistment. Most of her enlistment was spent in West Africa and at Fort Bragg, NC. This collection is important, as it covers the unique experiences of women and African Americans during World War II, and offers insight that differs from the majority white male G.I. perspective. It depicts African American nurses in both a professional setting and casual settings as Bertram enjoyed downtime with her friends."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Army Nurse Corps"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army Nurse Corps","Bertram, Gertrude Margaritte Ivory"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. 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Watson collection, 1929-2013, Date acquired: 12/05/2013","009","/repositories/10/archival_objects/47657","13.0078 - Box 2","folder 009","Includes records regarding the 2nd Bombardment Association, including 2 certificates of Special Recognition, a personnel list from 1939, and a Roster from 1988."],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["595da6ad0514b2d689ec320a"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Harold E. Watson collection, 1929-2013, Date acquired: 12/05/2013"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Harold E. Watson collection, 1929-2013, Date acquired: 12/05/2013"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["009","/repositories/10/archival_objects/47657"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Harold E. Watson collection, 1929-2013, Date acquired: 12/05/2013"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":18,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"date_range_isim":[1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988],"containers_ssim":["13.0078 - Box 2","folder 009"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes records regarding the 2nd Bombardment Association, including 2 certificates of Special Recognition, a personnel list from 1939, and a Roster from 1988.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes records regarding the 2nd Bombardment Association, including 2 certificates of Special Recognition, a personnel list from 1939, and a Roster from 1988."],"_nest_path_":"/components#17","_nest_parent_":"595da6ad0514b2d689ec320a","_root_":"595da6ad0514b2d689ec320a","timestamp":"2026-07-11T06:46:17.116Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"595da6ad0514b2d689ec320a","title_filing_ssi":"Watson, Harold E. collection","title_ssm":["Harold E. Watson collection"],"title_tesim":["Harold E. Watson collection"],"ead_ssi":"595da6ad0514b2d689ec320a","unitdate_ssm":["1929-2013","Date acquired: 12/05/2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1929-2013"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 12/05/2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["13.0078","/repositories/10/resources/455"],"text":["13.0078","/repositories/10/resources/455","Harold E. Watson collection, 1929-2013, Date acquired: 12/05/2013","World War, 1939-1945","Wright-Patterson Air Force Base (Ohio). Foreign Technology Division","Wright-Patterson Air Force Base (Ohio)--History.","Me 262 (Jet fighter plane)","Air pilots, Military--United States","Germany. -- Luftwaffe -- History.","United States. -- Army Air Forces. -- Bombardment Squadron, 96th -- History.","Project Grudge.","University of Michigan--History.","This collection is open to all researchers.","Harold E. Watson was born on November 19, 1911 in Farmington, Connecticut. After graduating from high school in 1929, he attended Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, earning his degree in electrical engineering in 1933. He later graduated from Kelly Field as a flying cadet, and was assigned to the 96th Bomb Squadron. In 1939, he was transferred to Wright Patterson Air Force Base in Dayton, Ohio working in research development. He recieved his M.S. in aeronautical engineering in 1941 from the University of Michigan. During the War, he flew in the European theatre, and later returned as part of Operation Lusty,  part of the effort to capture German aircraft and return them to the U.S., and acted as an experimental test pilot over the next few years. In 1947, he was appointed as chief of the Air Technical Intelligence Center at Wright-Patterson, and in 1949, worked on Project Grudge, one of the U.S. Air Force's programs tracking and analyzing the threat of Unidentified Flying Objects. He was assigned to a position in the Allied Air Forces command involved with NATO in 1951 before returning to the ATIC in 1954. He retired in 1962 as a Brigadier General. He died January 5, 1994.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection centers around a Brigadier General in the U.S. Air Force.  It includes items related to his time in the military and his personal life before and after retirement. It includes personal letters, special orders, magazines, books, newspapers and clippings, event brochures, pamphlets, education records, personnel files, flight logs, photographs, VHS Tapes, cassette tapes, and flags spanning from the 1930s until the early 2000s.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Wright-Patterson Air Force Base (Ohio)","ATIC","United States. Air Force","Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.","Watson, Harold E., 1911-1994","English"],"unitid_tesim":["13.0078","/repositories/10/resources/455"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1929-2013, Date acquired: 12/05/2013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Harold E. Watson collection, 1929-2013, Date acquired: 12/05/2013"],"collection_title_tesim":["Harold E. Watson collection, 1929-2013, Date acquired: 12/05/2013"],"collection_ssim":["Harold E. Watson collection, 1929-2013, Date acquired: 12/05/2013"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gordon Gaster","Donation"],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945","Wright-Patterson Air Force Base (Ohio). 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Watson was born on November 19, 1911 in Farmington, Connecticut. After graduating from high school in 1929, he attended Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, earning his degree in electrical engineering in 1933. He later graduated from Kelly Field as a flying cadet, and was assigned to the 96th Bomb Squadron. In 1939, he was transferred to Wright Patterson Air Force Base in Dayton, Ohio working in research development. He recieved his M.S. in aeronautical engineering in 1941 from the University of Michigan. During the War, he flew in the European theatre, and later returned as part of Operation Lusty,\u0026#xA0; part of the effort to capture German aircraft and return them to the U.S., and acted as an experimental test pilot over the next few years. In 1947, he was appointed as chief of the Air Technical Intelligence Center at Wright-Patterson, and in 1949, worked on Project Grudge, one of the U.S. Air Force's programs tracking and analyzing the threat of Unidentified Flying Objects. He was assigned to a position in the Allied Air Forces command involved with NATO in 1951 before returning to the ATIC in 1954. He retired in 1962 as a Brigadier General. He died January 5, 1994.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Harold E. Watson was born on November 19, 1911 in Farmington, Connecticut. After graduating from high school in 1929, he attended Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, earning his degree in electrical engineering in 1933. He later graduated from Kelly Field as a flying cadet, and was assigned to the 96th Bomb Squadron. In 1939, he was transferred to Wright Patterson Air Force Base in Dayton, Ohio working in research development. He recieved his M.S. in aeronautical engineering in 1941 from the University of Michigan. During the War, he flew in the European theatre, and later returned as part of Operation Lusty,  part of the effort to capture German aircraft and return them to the U.S., and acted as an experimental test pilot over the next few years. In 1947, he was appointed as chief of the Air Technical Intelligence Center at Wright-Patterson, and in 1949, worked on Project Grudge, one of the U.S. Air Force's programs tracking and analyzing the threat of Unidentified Flying Objects. He was assigned to a position in the Allied Air Forces command involved with NATO in 1951 before returning to the ATIC in 1954. He retired in 1962 as a Brigadier General. He died January 5, 1994."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Harold E. Watson collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_13_0078\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_13_0078\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Harold E. Watson collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_13_0078 ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection centers around a Brigadier General in the U.S. Air Force.\u0026#xA0; It includes items related to his time in the military and his personal life before and after retirement. It includes personal letters, special orders, magazines, books, newspapers and clippings, event brochures, pamphlets, education records, personnel files, flight logs, photographs, VHS Tapes, cassette tapes, and flags spanning from the 1930s until the early 2000s.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection centers around a Brigadier General in the U.S. Air Force.  It includes items related to his time in the military and his personal life before and after retirement. It includes personal letters, special orders, magazines, books, newspapers and clippings, event brochures, pamphlets, education records, personnel files, flight logs, photographs, VHS Tapes, cassette tapes, and flags spanning from the 1930s until the early 2000s."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. 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Air Force","Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.","Watson, Harold E., 1911-1994"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Wright-Patterson Air Force Base (Ohio)","ATIC","United States. Air Force","Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.","Watson, Harold E., 1911-1994"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Wright-Patterson Air Force Base (Ohio)","ATIC","United States. 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Gwiazdowski papers, 1942-1946, Date acquired: 09/29/2014, Date accessioned: 2020-05-06, bulk 1942-1945","Folder 007","/repositories/10/archival_objects/34518","14.0044 - Box 1","folder 007","This folder contains the unit book for the US Army 340th Engineers."],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["bf5dac3ea8395c8cc15f7c7f"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Leon J. Gwiazdowski papers, 1942-1946, Date acquired: 09/29/2014, Date accessioned: 2020-05-06, bulk 1942-1945"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Leon J. Gwiazdowski papers, 1942-1946, Date acquired: 09/29/2014, Date accessioned: 2020-05-06, bulk 1942-1945"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 007","/repositories/10/archival_objects/34518"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Leon J. 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Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"date_range_isim":[1942,1943,1944,1945],"containers_ssim":["14.0044 - Box 1","folder 007"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains the unit book for the US Army 340th Engineers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This folder contains the unit book for the US Army 340th Engineers."],"_nest_path_":"/components#6","_nest_parent_":"bf5dac3ea8395c8cc15f7c7f","_root_":"bf5dac3ea8395c8cc15f7c7f","_version_":1870857859846111232,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:04:50.582Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"bf5dac3ea8395c8cc15f7c7f","title_filing_ssi":"Gwiazdowski, Leon J. papers","title_ssm":["Leon J. Gwiazdowski papers"],"title_tesim":["Leon J. Gwiazdowski papers"],"ead_ssi":"bf5dac3ea8395c8cc15f7c7f","unitdate_ssm":["1942-1946","1942-1945","Date acquired: 09/29/2014","Date accessioned: 2020-05-06"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1942-1945"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1942-1946"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 09/29/2014","Date accessioned: 2020-05-06"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["14.0044","/repositories/10/resources/201"],"text":["14.0044","/repositories/10/resources/201","Leon J. Gwiazdowski papers, 1942-1946, Date acquired: 09/29/2014, Date accessioned: 2020-05-06, bulk 1942-1945","Fort Lewis (Wash.)","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Philippines","Military engineers--United States--Correspondence","Military engineers--United States--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--Engineering and construction","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Philippines--Luzon","This collection is open to all researchers.","Leon J. 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Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army. 340th Engineers","United States. Army","Gwiazdowski, Leon J.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["14.0044","/repositories/10/resources/201"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1942-1946, Date acquired: 09/29/2014, Date accessioned: 2020-05-06, bulk 1942-1945"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Leon J. Gwiazdowski papers, 1942-1946, Date acquired: 09/29/2014, Date accessioned: 2020-05-06, bulk 1942-1945"],"collection_title_tesim":["Leon J. Gwiazdowski papers, 1942-1946, Date acquired: 09/29/2014, Date accessioned: 2020-05-06, bulk 1942-1945"],"collection_ssim":["Leon J. 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