{"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1937\u0026page=21","prev":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1937\u0026page=20","next":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1937\u0026page=22","last":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1937\u0026page=280"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":21,"next_page":22,"prev_page":20,"total_pages":280,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":200,"total_count":2799,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52354","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Billbergia Leopoldii-Catopsis, 1930s-1950s","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52354#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_52354","ref_ssm":["aspace_52354","aspace_52354"],"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52354","title_filing_ssi":"Billbergia Leopoldii-Catopsis","title_ssm":["Billbergia Leopoldii-Catopsis"],"title_tesim":["Billbergia Leopoldii-Catopsis"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1930s-1950s"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1930s-1950s"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Billbergia Leopoldii-Catopsis, 1930s-1950s"],"text":["Billbergia Leopoldii-Catopsis, 1930s-1950s","Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991","Plant Information, 1932-1990.","Card Indexes, 1930s-1960","Bromeliad References, 1930s-1950s","Folder 15","/repositories/4/archival_objects/32505","box 254","folder 15"],"component_level_isim":[5],"parent_ids_ssim":["4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_51261","4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52339","4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52342","4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52350"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991","Plant Information, 1932-1990.","Card Indexes, 1930s-1960","Bromeliad References, 1930s-1950s"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991","Plant Information, 1932-1990.","Card Indexes, 1930s-1960","Bromeliad References, 1930s-1950s"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries","File","File"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 15","/repositories/4/archival_objects/32505"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":1009,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n\n  Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence\n  Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"\n"],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950],"containers_ssim":["box 254","folder 15"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#12/components#1/components#2/components#2","_nest_parent_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52350","_root_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:53:59.490Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","title_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection"],"title_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection"],"ead_ssi":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","unitdate_ssm":["1754-2014"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1754-2014"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148"],"text":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148","Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Marineland (Fla.)","Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)","The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"","The collection is divided into eight series by type of file.","Michael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004.","Materials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023.","A large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library  Online Catalog .  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling  and the  Henry Nehrling Papers  are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the  Harry P. Leu Gardens . The  Henry Nehrling Collection  and the  Theodore L. Mead Collection  are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the  Smithsonian Institution Archives .","Series I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.","\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.","\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.","\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.","\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.","\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.","\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.","\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder.","Michael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here.","UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society","Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1754-2014"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"collection_title_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"collection_ssim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"creator_ssm":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creator_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creators_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"places_ssim":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Some of these materials were donated to and others were purchased by the University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives from Michael A. Spencer in 2006 (CFM2006_09), 2011 (CFM2011_02), 2012 (CFM2012_10), and 2014 (CFM2014_01)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["130 Linear Feet 259 boxes, 2 flat files"],"extent_tesim":["130 Linear Feet 259 boxes, 2 flat files"],"genreform_ssim":["botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"date_range_isim":[1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBoxes 180-181: Personal correspondence\u003c/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBoxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\""],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into eight series by type of file.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into eight series by type of file."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Materials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library \u003cextref href=\"https://library.ucf.edu\"\u003eOnline Catalog\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08c\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally\u003c/extref\u003e, \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08b\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead\u003c/extref\u003e, \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08a\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling\u003c/extref\u003e and the \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM1999-03\"\u003eHenry Nehrling Papers\u003c/extref\u003e are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the \u003cextref href=\"http://www.leugardens.org/\"\u003eHarry P. Leu Gardens\u003c/extref\u003e. The \u003cextref href=\"https://aspace.rollins.edu/repositories/2/resources/4\"\u003eHenry Nehrling Collection\u003c/extref\u003e and the \u003cextref href=\"https://aspace.rollins.edu/repositories/2/resources/97\"\u003eTheodore L. Mead Collection\u003c/extref\u003e are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the \u003cextref href=\"http://siarchives.si.edu/\"\u003eSmithsonian Institution Archives\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["A large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library  Online Catalog .  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling  and the  Henry Nehrling Papers  are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the  Harry P. Leu Gardens . The  Henry Nehrling Collection  and the  Theodore L. Mead Collection  are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the  Smithsonian Institution Archives ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.","\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.","\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.","\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.","\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.","\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.","\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.","\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Copyright Statement"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8e33310d6b1a70e4d88f1e2d3043cf71\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here."],"names_coll_ssim":["Bromeliad Society","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society","Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society"],"persname_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3662,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:53:59.490Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52354"}},{"id":"22364338b1d5f055f8304dcd_aspace_17cbc3dac2a673f9012bd33dd8149046","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Bills and receipts, 1936-1945","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/22364338b1d5f055f8304dcd_aspace_17cbc3dac2a673f9012bd33dd8149046#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_17cbc3dac2a673f9012bd33dd8149046","ref_ssm":["aspace_17cbc3dac2a673f9012bd33dd8149046","aspace_17cbc3dac2a673f9012bd33dd8149046"],"id":"22364338b1d5f055f8304dcd_aspace_17cbc3dac2a673f9012bd33dd8149046","title_filing_ssi":"Bills and receipts","title_ssm":["Bills and receipts"],"title_tesim":["Bills and receipts"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1936-1945"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1936-1945"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bills and receipts, 1936-1945"],"text":["Bills and receipts, 1936-1945","Frank Stirling Collection, Circa 1916-1949","Business papers, 1933-1946","/repositories/4/archival_objects/1307","box 8","folder 144"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["22364338b1d5f055f8304dcd","22364338b1d5f055f8304dcd_aspace_9d91f652edf0e9823cddcfbfa4ab4d18"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Frank Stirling Collection, Circa 1916-1949","Business papers, 1933-1946"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Frank Stirling Collection, Circa 1916-1949","Business papers, 1933-1946"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/4/archival_objects/1307"],"repository_ssim":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Frank Stirling Collection, Circa 1916-1949"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":132,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research."],"date_range_isim":[1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945],"containers_ssim":["box 8","folder 144"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#0","_nest_parent_":"22364338b1d5f055f8304dcd_aspace_9d91f652edf0e9823cddcfbfa4ab4d18","_root_":"22364338b1d5f055f8304dcd","_version_":1870840682708467712,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T03:31:49.185Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"22364338b1d5f055f8304dcd","title_filing_ssi":"Stirling, Frank Collection","title_ssm":["Frank Stirling Collection"],"title_tesim":["Frank Stirling Collection"],"ead_ssi":"22364338b1d5f055f8304dcd","unitdate_ssm":["Circa 1916-1949"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 1916-1949"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["BCHA.1978.13","/repositories/4/resources/14"],"text":["BCHA.1978.13","/repositories/4/resources/14","Frank Stirling Collection, Circa 1916-1949","Collection is open for research.","The Frank Stirling Collection is divided into three series: I. Correspondence II. Personal and professional papers III. Printed materials.","Frank Stirling (1878-1949) was a member of the Florida State House of Representatives, mayor and horticulturist. He was born on April 13, 1878 in Gallipolis, Ohio and studied agronomy, biology, and entymology. He worked as a horticulturist in Washington and California and in 1907 moved to Deland, Florida to manage the John B. Stetson Packinghouse. While working at John B. Stetson Packinghouse, he became a leading figure in the fight to eradicate citrus canker, a bacterial disease that affects citrus fruit trees. In 1913, Stirling became the chief inspector for the Florida Plant. ","In 1915, Stirling worked as an instructor at the University of Florida in Gainesville. In 1924, he moved to Davie, Florida and focused his life on improving issues as it pertains to horticulture and civic concerns. On November 16, 1925, Stirling became the first mayor of Davie, Florida. ","Stirling created multiple groves, packinghouses, and nurseries throughout south Florida, including the Sitrling and Sons Nursery in Davie. He was an early grower of melaleuca trees, and was a proponent of using them to help control flooding in the Everglades. In 1927, Stirling along with Floyd Wray and Clarence P. Hammerstein, planted citrus trees in Flamingo Groves, and helped Floyd Wray to develop the botanical garden at Flamingo Gardens. He worked to improve flood control in South Florida. ","He served in the Florida House of Representatives representing Broward County from 1945 until the 1948 term. Frank Stirling died from cancer on November 12, 1949.","This collection received file level processing. The finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as aquisitions to the collection.","View a selection of digitized materials from the Frank Stirling Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives.","The Frank Stirling Collection contains correspondence including telegrams and letters, book logs, bills, pamphlets, journals and receipt books related to Frank Stirling. Frank Stirling was the first mayor of Davie, Florida, a state representative and a horticulturist. The collection documents his time in the state legislature from 1945 to 1948. It also extensively documents his involvement in horticulture and agriculture, including the daily business matters such as the effectiveness of various fertilizers, hiring Bahamian farm workers, and payroll. The correspondence contains detailed information about different types of crops grown in Broward County, as well as experiemental crops being grown in the area. It also contains information about the creation of Hugh Taylor Birch State Park."," Broward County Historical Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["BCHA.1978.13","/repositories/4/resources/14"],"normalized_date_ssm":["Circa 1916-1949"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frank Stirling Collection, Circa 1916-1949"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frank Stirling Collection, Circa 1916-1949"],"collection_ssim":["Frank Stirling Collection, Circa 1916-1949"],"repository_ssm":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13 Hollinger Boxes"],"extent_tesim":["13 Hollinger Boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Frank Stirling Collection is divided into three series: I. Correspondence II. Personal and professional papers III. Printed materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Frank Stirling Collection is divided into three series: I. Correspondence II. Personal and professional papers III. Printed materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrank Stirling (1878-1949) was a member of the Florida State House of Representatives, mayor and horticulturist. He was born on April 13, 1878 in Gallipolis, Ohio and studied agronomy, biology, and entymology. He worked as a horticulturist in Washington and California and in 1907 moved to Deland, Florida to manage the John B. Stetson Packinghouse. While working at John B. Stetson Packinghouse, he became a leading figure in the fight to eradicate citrus canker, a bacterial disease that affects citrus fruit trees. In 1913, Stirling became the chief inspector for the Florida Plant. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1915, Stirling worked as an instructor at the University of Florida in Gainesville. In 1924, he moved to Davie, Florida and focused his life on improving issues as it pertains to horticulture and civic concerns. On November 16, 1925, Stirling became the first mayor of Davie, Florida. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStirling created multiple groves, packinghouses, and nurseries throughout south Florida, including the Sitrling and Sons Nursery in Davie. He was an early grower of melaleuca trees, and was a proponent of using them to help control flooding in the Everglades. In 1927, Stirling along with Floyd Wray and Clarence P. Hammerstein, planted citrus trees in Flamingo Groves, and helped Floyd Wray to develop the botanical garden at Flamingo Gardens. He worked to improve flood control in South Florida. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe served in the Florida House of Representatives representing Broward County from 1945 until the 1948 term. Frank Stirling died from cancer on November 12, 1949.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Frank Stirling (1878-1949) was a member of the Florida State House of Representatives, mayor and horticulturist. He was born on April 13, 1878 in Gallipolis, Ohio and studied agronomy, biology, and entymology. He worked as a horticulturist in Washington and California and in 1907 moved to Deland, Florida to manage the John B. Stetson Packinghouse. While working at John B. Stetson Packinghouse, he became a leading figure in the fight to eradicate citrus canker, a bacterial disease that affects citrus fruit trees. In 1913, Stirling became the chief inspector for the Florida Plant. ","In 1915, Stirling worked as an instructor at the University of Florida in Gainesville. In 1924, he moved to Davie, Florida and focused his life on improving issues as it pertains to horticulture and civic concerns. On November 16, 1925, Stirling became the first mayor of Davie, Florida. ","Stirling created multiple groves, packinghouses, and nurseries throughout south Florida, including the Sitrling and Sons Nursery in Davie. He was an early grower of melaleuca trees, and was a proponent of using them to help control flooding in the Everglades. In 1927, Stirling along with Floyd Wray and Clarence P. Hammerstein, planted citrus trees in Flamingo Groves, and helped Floyd Wray to develop the botanical garden at Flamingo Gardens. He worked to improve flood control in South Florida. ","He served in the Florida House of Representatives representing Broward County from 1945 until the 1948 term. Frank Stirling died from cancer on November 12, 1949."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Frank Stirling Collection, Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["The Frank Stirling Collection, Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection received file level processing. The finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as aquisitions to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection received file level processing. The finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as aquisitions to the collection."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://digitalarchives.broward.org/digital/collection/p16146coll19\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eView a selection of digitized materials from the Frank Stirling Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["View a selection of digitized materials from the Frank Stirling Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Frank Stirling Collection contains correspondence including telegrams and letters, book logs, bills, pamphlets, journals and receipt books related to Frank Stirling. Frank Stirling was the first mayor of Davie, Florida, a state representative and a horticulturist. The collection documents his time in the state legislature from 1945 to 1948. It also extensively documents his involvement in horticulture and agriculture, including the daily business matters such as the effectiveness of various fertilizers, hiring Bahamian farm workers, and payroll. The correspondence contains detailed information about different types of crops grown in Broward County, as well as experiemental crops being grown in the area. It also contains information about the creation of Hugh Taylor Birch State Park.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Frank Stirling Collection contains correspondence including telegrams and letters, book logs, bills, pamphlets, journals and receipt books related to Frank Stirling. Frank Stirling was the first mayor of Davie, Florida, a state representative and a horticulturist. The collection documents his time in the state legislature from 1945 to 1948. It also extensively documents his involvement in horticulture and agriculture, including the daily business matters such as the effectiveness of various fertilizers, hiring Bahamian farm workers, and payroll. The correspondence contains detailed information about different types of crops grown in Broward County, as well as experiemental crops being grown in the area. It also contains information about the creation of Hugh Taylor Birch State Park."],"names_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives"],"corpname_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":164,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870840682708467712,"_root_":"22364338b1d5f055f8304dcd","timestamp":"2026-07-16T03:31:49.185Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/22364338b1d5f055f8304dcd_aspace_17cbc3dac2a673f9012bd33dd8149046"}},{"id":"f119a1dbb75b4ee43eeaffac_aspace_be8cdce715c76adee7ee39710d4d0eb1","type":"Sub-sub-series","attributes":{"title":"Bills/Correspondence, 1927-1943","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/f119a1dbb75b4ee43eeaffac_aspace_be8cdce715c76adee7ee39710d4d0eb1#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_be8cdce715c76adee7ee39710d4d0eb1","ref_ssm":["aspace_be8cdce715c76adee7ee39710d4d0eb1","aspace_be8cdce715c76adee7ee39710d4d0eb1"],"id":"f119a1dbb75b4ee43eeaffac_aspace_be8cdce715c76adee7ee39710d4d0eb1","title_filing_ssi":"Bills/Correspondence","title_ssm":["Bills/Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Bills/Correspondence"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1927-1943"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1927-1943"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bills/Correspondence, 1927-1943"],"text":["Bills/Correspondence, 1927-1943","Rosa G. Holmes Walker Papers, 1871-1943","Business Papers, 1905-1943","Holmes Funeral Home Bills/Correspondence, 1923-1943","/repositories/3/archival_objects/8804","box 1","folder 3"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["f119a1dbb75b4ee43eeaffac","f119a1dbb75b4ee43eeaffac_aspace_cee2228657a6d294dec80bdbf485e9cc","f119a1dbb75b4ee43eeaffac_aspace_5c00d243193fbaf1b3e0a5c995912332"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Rosa G. Holmes Walker Papers, 1871-1943","Business Papers, 1905-1943","Holmes Funeral Home Bills/Correspondence, 1923-1943"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Rosa G. Holmes Walker Papers, 1871-1943","Business Papers, 1905-1943","Holmes Funeral Home Bills/Correspondence, 1923-1943"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/3/archival_objects/8804"],"repository_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Rosa G. Holmes Walker Papers, 1871-1943"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Sub-sub-series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-sub-series"],"sort_isi":5,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"date_range_isim":[1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 3"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#2","_nest_parent_":"f119a1dbb75b4ee43eeaffac_aspace_5c00d243193fbaf1b3e0a5c995912332","_root_":"f119a1dbb75b4ee43eeaffac","_version_":1870860532964130816,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:47:19.862Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"f119a1dbb75b4ee43eeaffac","title_ssm":["Rosa G. Holmes Walker Papers"],"title_tesim":["Rosa G. Holmes Walker Papers"],"ead_ssi":"f119a1dbb75b4ee43eeaffac","unitdate_ssm":["1871-1943"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1871-1943"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1985.002","/repositories/3/resources/37"],"text":["1985.002","/repositories/3/resources/37","Rosa G. Holmes Walker Papers, 1871-1943","African American businesspeople--Florida--Jacksonville.","African American women--Florida--Jacksonville.","Funeral homes--Florida--Jacksonville.","Undertakers and undertaking--Florida--Jacksonville.","The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.","Born in the 1880s, Rosa G. Holmes Walker was a business entrepreneur and funeral home director during the early twentieth century. She founded and operated Holmes Funeral Directors, Inc. located on Broad St. in Jacksonville, Florida with her husband J.C. Holmes in 1904. After his death in 1916, she took over the role of Funeral Director. Ms. Holmes Walker married Reverend Thomas H.B. Walker, a Methodist minister and author, on October 16, 1918. During the Great Depression, Ms. Holmes Walker invested in real estate, purchasing thirty properties in Jacksonville, Florida and New York, New York. The income from these investments prevented the closure of her funeral home business during the 1930's. Ms. Holmes Walker operated the Holmes Funeral Home until her death on May 20, 1945. The Holmes Funeral Home is still in operation in Jacksonville.","The collection contains personal and business documents of Rosa Holmes Walker, a Black funeral home director and businesswoman active in Jacksonville, Florida, during the early twentieth century. Included in the collection are materials relating to business records, ledgers, death certificates, removal and burial permits, funeral home bills and correspondence, and real estate correspondence from New York, New York. The collection also includes materials from her relatives, Henry and Fannie Glover of St. Augustine, Florida (early twentieth century) and to the Glovers of South Carolina (nineteenth century). Inclusive years are 1871-1943, with the bulk of the materials from 1920-1930. Few personal items are included in the collection.\nThe Collection complements the Eartha M.M. White Collection as a source for Black history in Jacksonville, Florida, and provides documentation of a successful businesswoman flourishing in early twentieth century Northeast Florida.","Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information","UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","Holmes Funeral Home (Jacksonville, Fla.)","Glover family.","Holmes Walker family.","Glover, Fannie.","Glover, Henry L.","Holmes, J.C.","Walker, Rosa G. Holmes.","Walker, Thomas H.B. (Thomas Hamilton Beb), b.1873.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1985.002","/repositories/3/resources/37"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1871-1943"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rosa G. Holmes Walker Papers, 1871-1943"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rosa G. Holmes Walker Papers, 1871-1943"],"collection_ssim":["Rosa G. Holmes Walker Papers, 1871-1943"],"repository_ssm":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was acquired through donation from Dr. Daniel L. Schafer, 1985."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African American businesspeople--Florida--Jacksonville.","African American women--Florida--Jacksonville.","Funeral homes--Florida--Jacksonville.","Undertakers and undertaking--Florida--Jacksonville."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African American businesspeople--Florida--Jacksonville.","African American women--Florida--Jacksonville.","Funeral homes--Florida--Jacksonville.","Undertakers and undertaking--Florida--Jacksonville."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["19.00 Linear Feet 22 archival document boxes."],"extent_tesim":["19.00 Linear Feet 22 archival document boxes."],"date_range_isim":[1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn in the 1880s, Rosa G. Holmes Walker was a business entrepreneur and funeral home director during the early twentieth century. She founded and operated Holmes Funeral Directors, Inc. located on Broad St. in Jacksonville, Florida with her husband J.C. Holmes in 1904. After his death in 1916, she took over the role of Funeral Director. Ms. Holmes Walker married Reverend Thomas H.B. Walker, a Methodist minister and author, on October 16, 1918. During the Great Depression, Ms. Holmes Walker invested in real estate, purchasing thirty properties in Jacksonville, Florida and New York, New York. The income from these investments prevented the closure of her funeral home business during the 1930's. Ms. Holmes Walker operated the Holmes Funeral Home until her death on May 20, 1945. The Holmes Funeral Home is still in operation in Jacksonville.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born in the 1880s, Rosa G. Holmes Walker was a business entrepreneur and funeral home director during the early twentieth century. She founded and operated Holmes Funeral Directors, Inc. located on Broad St. in Jacksonville, Florida with her husband J.C. Holmes in 1904. After his death in 1916, she took over the role of Funeral Director. Ms. Holmes Walker married Reverend Thomas H.B. Walker, a Methodist minister and author, on October 16, 1918. During the Great Depression, Ms. Holmes Walker invested in real estate, purchasing thirty properties in Jacksonville, Florida and New York, New York. The income from these investments prevented the closure of her funeral home business during the 1930's. Ms. Holmes Walker operated the Holmes Funeral Home until her death on May 20, 1945. The Holmes Funeral Home is still in operation in Jacksonville."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRosa G. Holmes Walker Papers, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Rosa G. Holmes Walker Papers, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains personal and business documents of Rosa Holmes Walker, a Black funeral home director and businesswoman active in Jacksonville, Florida, during the early twentieth century. Included in the collection are materials relating to business records, ledgers, death certificates, removal and burial permits, funeral home bills and correspondence, and real estate correspondence from New York, New York. The collection also includes materials from her relatives, Henry and Fannie Glover of St. Augustine, Florida (early twentieth century) and to the Glovers of South Carolina (nineteenth century). Inclusive years are 1871-1943, with the bulk of the materials from 1920-1930. Few personal items are included in the collection.\nThe Collection complements the Eartha M.M. White Collection as a source for Black history in Jacksonville, Florida, and provides documentation of a successful businesswoman flourishing in early twentieth century Northeast Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains personal and business documents of Rosa Holmes Walker, a Black funeral home director and businesswoman active in Jacksonville, Florida, during the early twentieth century. Included in the collection are materials relating to business records, ledgers, death certificates, removal and burial permits, funeral home bills and correspondence, and real estate correspondence from New York, New York. The collection also includes materials from her relatives, Henry and Fannie Glover of St. Augustine, Florida (early twentieth century) and to the Glovers of South Carolina (nineteenth century). Inclusive years are 1871-1943, with the bulk of the materials from 1920-1930. Few personal items are included in the collection.\nThe Collection complements the Eartha M.M. White Collection as a source for Black history in Jacksonville, Florida, and provides documentation of a successful businesswoman flourishing in early twentieth century Northeast Florida."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"names_coll_ssim":["Holmes Funeral Home (Jacksonville, Fla.)","Glover family.","Holmes Walker family.","Glover, Fannie.","Glover, Henry L.","Holmes, J.C.","Walker, Rosa G. Holmes.","Walker, Thomas H.B. (Thomas Hamilton Beb), b.1873."],"names_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","Holmes Funeral Home (Jacksonville, Fla.)","Glover family.","Holmes Walker family.","Glover, Fannie.","Glover, Henry L.","Holmes, J.C.","Walker, Rosa G. Holmes.","Walker, Thomas H.B. (Thomas Hamilton Beb), b.1873."],"corpname_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","Holmes Funeral Home (Jacksonville, Fla.)"],"famname_ssim":["Glover family.","Holmes Walker family."],"persname_ssim":["Glover, Fannie.","Glover, Henry L.","Holmes, J.C.","Walker, Rosa G. Holmes.","Walker, Thomas H.B. (Thomas Hamilton Beb), b.1873."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":270,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870860532964130816,"_root_":"f119a1dbb75b4ee43eeaffac","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:47:19.862Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/f119a1dbb75b4ee43eeaffac_aspace_be8cdce715c76adee7ee39710d4d0eb1"}},{"id":"f119a1dbb75b4ee43eeaffac_aspace_10d159fd908572efc7124616514da0eb","type":"Sub-sub-series","attributes":{"title":"Bills/Correspondence, 1935-1939","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/f119a1dbb75b4ee43eeaffac_aspace_10d159fd908572efc7124616514da0eb#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_10d159fd908572efc7124616514da0eb","ref_ssm":["aspace_10d159fd908572efc7124616514da0eb","aspace_10d159fd908572efc7124616514da0eb"],"id":"f119a1dbb75b4ee43eeaffac_aspace_10d159fd908572efc7124616514da0eb","title_filing_ssi":"Bills/Correspondence","title_ssm":["Bills/Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Bills/Correspondence"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1935-1939"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1935-1939"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bills/Correspondence, 1935-1939"],"text":["Bills/Correspondence, 1935-1939","Rosa G. Holmes Walker Papers, 1871-1943","Business Papers, 1905-1943","Holmes Funeral Home Bills/Correspondence, 1923-1943","/repositories/3/archival_objects/8805","box 1","folder 4"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["f119a1dbb75b4ee43eeaffac","f119a1dbb75b4ee43eeaffac_aspace_cee2228657a6d294dec80bdbf485e9cc","f119a1dbb75b4ee43eeaffac_aspace_5c00d243193fbaf1b3e0a5c995912332"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Rosa G. Holmes Walker Papers, 1871-1943","Business Papers, 1905-1943","Holmes Funeral Home Bills/Correspondence, 1923-1943"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Rosa G. Holmes Walker Papers, 1871-1943","Business Papers, 1905-1943","Holmes Funeral Home Bills/Correspondence, 1923-1943"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/3/archival_objects/8805"],"repository_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Rosa G. Holmes Walker Papers, 1871-1943"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Sub-sub-series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-sub-series"],"sort_isi":6,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"date_range_isim":[1935,1936,1937,1938,1939],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 4"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#3","_nest_parent_":"f119a1dbb75b4ee43eeaffac_aspace_5c00d243193fbaf1b3e0a5c995912332","_root_":"f119a1dbb75b4ee43eeaffac","_version_":1870860532964130816,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:47:19.862Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"f119a1dbb75b4ee43eeaffac","title_ssm":["Rosa G. Holmes Walker Papers"],"title_tesim":["Rosa G. Holmes Walker Papers"],"ead_ssi":"f119a1dbb75b4ee43eeaffac","unitdate_ssm":["1871-1943"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1871-1943"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1985.002","/repositories/3/resources/37"],"text":["1985.002","/repositories/3/resources/37","Rosa G. Holmes Walker Papers, 1871-1943","African American businesspeople--Florida--Jacksonville.","African American women--Florida--Jacksonville.","Funeral homes--Florida--Jacksonville.","Undertakers and undertaking--Florida--Jacksonville.","The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.","Born in the 1880s, Rosa G. Holmes Walker was a business entrepreneur and funeral home director during the early twentieth century. She founded and operated Holmes Funeral Directors, Inc. located on Broad St. in Jacksonville, Florida with her husband J.C. Holmes in 1904. After his death in 1916, she took over the role of Funeral Director. Ms. Holmes Walker married Reverend Thomas H.B. Walker, a Methodist minister and author, on October 16, 1918. During the Great Depression, Ms. Holmes Walker invested in real estate, purchasing thirty properties in Jacksonville, Florida and New York, New York. The income from these investments prevented the closure of her funeral home business during the 1930's. Ms. Holmes Walker operated the Holmes Funeral Home until her death on May 20, 1945. The Holmes Funeral Home is still in operation in Jacksonville.","The collection contains personal and business documents of Rosa Holmes Walker, a Black funeral home director and businesswoman active in Jacksonville, Florida, during the early twentieth century. Included in the collection are materials relating to business records, ledgers, death certificates, removal and burial permits, funeral home bills and correspondence, and real estate correspondence from New York, New York. The collection also includes materials from her relatives, Henry and Fannie Glover of St. Augustine, Florida (early twentieth century) and to the Glovers of South Carolina (nineteenth century). Inclusive years are 1871-1943, with the bulk of the materials from 1920-1930. Few personal items are included in the collection.\nThe Collection complements the Eartha M.M. White Collection as a source for Black history in Jacksonville, Florida, and provides documentation of a successful businesswoman flourishing in early twentieth century Northeast Florida.","Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information","UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","Holmes Funeral Home (Jacksonville, Fla.)","Glover family.","Holmes Walker family.","Glover, Fannie.","Glover, Henry L.","Holmes, J.C.","Walker, Rosa G. Holmes.","Walker, Thomas H.B. (Thomas Hamilton Beb), b.1873.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1985.002","/repositories/3/resources/37"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1871-1943"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rosa G. Holmes Walker Papers, 1871-1943"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rosa G. Holmes Walker Papers, 1871-1943"],"collection_ssim":["Rosa G. Holmes Walker Papers, 1871-1943"],"repository_ssm":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was acquired through donation from Dr. Daniel L. Schafer, 1985."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African American businesspeople--Florida--Jacksonville.","African American women--Florida--Jacksonville.","Funeral homes--Florida--Jacksonville.","Undertakers and undertaking--Florida--Jacksonville."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African American businesspeople--Florida--Jacksonville.","African American women--Florida--Jacksonville.","Funeral homes--Florida--Jacksonville.","Undertakers and undertaking--Florida--Jacksonville."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["19.00 Linear Feet 22 archival document boxes."],"extent_tesim":["19.00 Linear Feet 22 archival document boxes."],"date_range_isim":[1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn in the 1880s, Rosa G. Holmes Walker was a business entrepreneur and funeral home director during the early twentieth century. She founded and operated Holmes Funeral Directors, Inc. located on Broad St. in Jacksonville, Florida with her husband J.C. Holmes in 1904. After his death in 1916, she took over the role of Funeral Director. Ms. Holmes Walker married Reverend Thomas H.B. Walker, a Methodist minister and author, on October 16, 1918. During the Great Depression, Ms. Holmes Walker invested in real estate, purchasing thirty properties in Jacksonville, Florida and New York, New York. The income from these investments prevented the closure of her funeral home business during the 1930's. Ms. Holmes Walker operated the Holmes Funeral Home until her death on May 20, 1945. The Holmes Funeral Home is still in operation in Jacksonville.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born in the 1880s, Rosa G. Holmes Walker was a business entrepreneur and funeral home director during the early twentieth century. She founded and operated Holmes Funeral Directors, Inc. located on Broad St. in Jacksonville, Florida with her husband J.C. Holmes in 1904. After his death in 1916, she took over the role of Funeral Director. Ms. Holmes Walker married Reverend Thomas H.B. Walker, a Methodist minister and author, on October 16, 1918. During the Great Depression, Ms. Holmes Walker invested in real estate, purchasing thirty properties in Jacksonville, Florida and New York, New York. The income from these investments prevented the closure of her funeral home business during the 1930's. Ms. Holmes Walker operated the Holmes Funeral Home until her death on May 20, 1945. The Holmes Funeral Home is still in operation in Jacksonville."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRosa G. Holmes Walker Papers, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Rosa G. Holmes Walker Papers, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains personal and business documents of Rosa Holmes Walker, a Black funeral home director and businesswoman active in Jacksonville, Florida, during the early twentieth century. Included in the collection are materials relating to business records, ledgers, death certificates, removal and burial permits, funeral home bills and correspondence, and real estate correspondence from New York, New York. The collection also includes materials from her relatives, Henry and Fannie Glover of St. Augustine, Florida (early twentieth century) and to the Glovers of South Carolina (nineteenth century). Inclusive years are 1871-1943, with the bulk of the materials from 1920-1930. Few personal items are included in the collection.\nThe Collection complements the Eartha M.M. White Collection as a source for Black history in Jacksonville, Florida, and provides documentation of a successful businesswoman flourishing in early twentieth century Northeast Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains personal and business documents of Rosa Holmes Walker, a Black funeral home director and businesswoman active in Jacksonville, Florida, during the early twentieth century. Included in the collection are materials relating to business records, ledgers, death certificates, removal and burial permits, funeral home bills and correspondence, and real estate correspondence from New York, New York. The collection also includes materials from her relatives, Henry and Fannie Glover of St. Augustine, Florida (early twentieth century) and to the Glovers of South Carolina (nineteenth century). Inclusive years are 1871-1943, with the bulk of the materials from 1920-1930. Few personal items are included in the collection.\nThe Collection complements the Eartha M.M. White Collection as a source for Black history in Jacksonville, Florida, and provides documentation of a successful businesswoman flourishing in early twentieth century Northeast Florida."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"names_coll_ssim":["Holmes Funeral Home (Jacksonville, Fla.)","Glover family.","Holmes Walker family.","Glover, Fannie.","Glover, Henry L.","Holmes, J.C.","Walker, Rosa G. Holmes.","Walker, Thomas H.B. 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(Thomas Hamilton Beb), b.1873."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":270,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870860532964130816,"_root_":"f119a1dbb75b4ee43eeaffac","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:47:19.862Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/f119a1dbb75b4ee43eeaffac_aspace_10d159fd908572efc7124616514da0eb"}},{"id":"e09aaaadfee66cc7c2e67462","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Billy Dean scrapbook, bulk 1930s","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/e09aaaadfee66cc7c2e67462#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Dean, Billy"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/e09aaaadfee66cc7c2e67462#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["This collection consists of a single scrapbook that includes newspaper clipping about Florida and world affairs in the mid-1930s."],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/e09aaaadfee66cc7c2e67462#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"e09aaaadfee66cc7c2e67462","title_ssm":["Billy Dean scrapbook"],"title_tesim":["Billy Dean scrapbook"],"ead_ssi":"e09aaaadfee66cc7c2e67462","unitdate_ssm":["1930s"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1930s"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SP-MS-2013-002","/repositories/3/resources/672"],"text":["SP-MS-2013-002","/repositories/3/resources/672","Billy Dean scrapbook, bulk 1930s","St. Petersburg (Fla.) ","Italo-Ethiopian War, 1935-1936","Clippings (Books, newspapers, etc.)","The compiler of the materials in this scrapbook is unknown, though the name \"Billy Dean\" appears on this document. It is uncertain as to whether this was an actual proper name, or whether it was a nickname or pseudonym.","This scrapbook was donated with the Emil Nordstorm scrapbook.","Collection is a single scrapbook (0.1 linear ft). The content is a compilation of newspaper clippings in the mid‐1930s with a focus on stories related to St. Petersburg or Florida and the remainder covering events as broad as English royalty to the Second Italo‐Ethiopian War (1935‐1936).","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.","This collection consists of a single scrapbook that includes newspaper clipping about Florida and world affairs in the mid-1930s.","USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives","Dean, Billy","Runyon, Jen","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SP-MS-2013-002","/repositories/3/resources/672"],"normalized_date_ssm":["bulk 1930s"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Billy Dean scrapbook, bulk 1930s"],"collection_title_tesim":["Billy Dean scrapbook, bulk 1930s"],"collection_ssim":["Billy Dean scrapbook, bulk 1930s"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["St. Petersburg (Fla.) "],"geogname_ssim":["St. Petersburg (Fla.) 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Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Jen Runyon, formerly a student at the University of South Florida St. Petersburg, donated this scrapbook and another one that captures the activities for Emil August Nordstrom, a former city engineer, in spring 2013 after acquiring them from a source in the community."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Italo-Ethiopian War, 1935-1936","Clippings (Books, newspapers, etc.)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Italo-Ethiopian War, 1935-1936","Clippings (Books, newspapers, etc.)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Linear Feet Single scrapbook","1 folders"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Linear Feet Single scrapbook","1 folders"],"date_range_isim":[1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe compiler of the materials in this scrapbook is unknown, though the name \"Billy Dean\" appears on this document. It is uncertain as to whether this was an actual proper name, or whether it was a nickname or pseudonym.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The compiler of the materials in this scrapbook is unknown, though the name \"Billy Dean\" appears on this document. It is uncertain as to whether this was an actual proper name, or whether it was a nickname or pseudonym."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Billy Dean\" Scrapbook, Nelson Poynter Memorial Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["\"Billy Dean\" Scrapbook, Nelson Poynter Memorial Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis scrapbook was donated with the Emil Nordstorm scrapbook.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["This scrapbook was donated with the Emil Nordstorm scrapbook."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is a single scrapbook (0.1 linear ft). The content is a compilation of newspaper clippings in the mid\u0026#x2010;1930s with a focus on stories related to St. Petersburg or Florida and the remainder covering events as broad as English royalty to the Second Italo\u0026#x2010;Ethiopian War (1935\u0026#x2010;1936).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection is a single scrapbook (0.1 linear ft). The content is a compilation of newspaper clippings in the mid‐1930s with a focus on stories related to St. Petersburg or Florida and the remainder covering events as broad as English royalty to the Second Italo‐Ethiopian War (1935‐1936)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_756b39850c93fffc31dec25fe5280891\"\u003eThis collection consists of a single scrapbook that includes newspaper clipping about Florida and world affairs in the mid-1930s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of a single scrapbook that includes newspaper clipping about Florida and world affairs in the mid-1930s."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives","Dean, Billy","Runyon, Jen"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Runyon, Jen"],"persname_ssim":["Dean, Billy","Runyon, Jen"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870861420573229056,"_root_":"e09aaaadfee66cc7c2e67462","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:01:26.356Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"e09aaaadfee66cc7c2e67462","title_ssm":["Billy Dean scrapbook"],"title_tesim":["Billy Dean scrapbook"],"ead_ssi":"e09aaaadfee66cc7c2e67462","unitdate_ssm":["1930s"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1930s"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SP-MS-2013-002","/repositories/3/resources/672"],"text":["SP-MS-2013-002","/repositories/3/resources/672","Billy Dean scrapbook, bulk 1930s","St. Petersburg (Fla.) ","Italo-Ethiopian War, 1935-1936","Clippings (Books, newspapers, etc.)","The compiler of the materials in this scrapbook is unknown, though the name \"Billy Dean\" appears on this document. It is uncertain as to whether this was an actual proper name, or whether it was a nickname or pseudonym.","This scrapbook was donated with the Emil Nordstorm scrapbook.","Collection is a single scrapbook (0.1 linear ft). The content is a compilation of newspaper clippings in the mid‐1930s with a focus on stories related to St. Petersburg or Florida and the remainder covering events as broad as English royalty to the Second Italo‐Ethiopian War (1935‐1936).","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.","This collection consists of a single scrapbook that includes newspaper clipping about Florida and world affairs in the mid-1930s.","USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives","Dean, Billy","Runyon, Jen","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SP-MS-2013-002","/repositories/3/resources/672"],"normalized_date_ssm":["bulk 1930s"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Billy Dean scrapbook, bulk 1930s"],"collection_title_tesim":["Billy Dean scrapbook, bulk 1930s"],"collection_ssim":["Billy Dean scrapbook, bulk 1930s"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["St. Petersburg (Fla.) "],"geogname_ssim":["St. Petersburg (Fla.) 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Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Jen Runyon, formerly a student at the University of South Florida St. Petersburg, donated this scrapbook and another one that captures the activities for Emil August Nordstrom, a former city engineer, in spring 2013 after acquiring them from a source in the community."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Italo-Ethiopian War, 1935-1936","Clippings (Books, newspapers, etc.)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Italo-Ethiopian War, 1935-1936","Clippings (Books, newspapers, etc.)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Linear Feet Single scrapbook","1 folders"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Linear Feet Single scrapbook","1 folders"],"date_range_isim":[1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe compiler of the materials in this scrapbook is unknown, though the name \"Billy Dean\" appears on this document. It is uncertain as to whether this was an actual proper name, or whether it was a nickname or pseudonym.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The compiler of the materials in this scrapbook is unknown, though the name \"Billy Dean\" appears on this document. It is uncertain as to whether this was an actual proper name, or whether it was a nickname or pseudonym."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Billy Dean\" Scrapbook, Nelson Poynter Memorial Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["\"Billy Dean\" Scrapbook, Nelson Poynter Memorial Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis scrapbook was donated with the Emil Nordstorm scrapbook.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["This scrapbook was donated with the Emil Nordstorm scrapbook."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is a single scrapbook (0.1 linear ft). The content is a compilation of newspaper clippings in the mid\u0026#x2010;1930s with a focus on stories related to St. Petersburg or Florida and the remainder covering events as broad as English royalty to the Second Italo\u0026#x2010;Ethiopian War (1935\u0026#x2010;1936).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection is a single scrapbook (0.1 linear ft). The content is a compilation of newspaper clippings in the mid‐1930s with a focus on stories related to St. Petersburg or Florida and the remainder covering events as broad as English royalty to the Second Italo‐Ethiopian War (1935‐1936)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_756b39850c93fffc31dec25fe5280891\"\u003eThis collection consists of a single scrapbook that includes newspaper clipping about Florida and world affairs in the mid-1930s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of a single scrapbook that includes newspaper clipping about Florida and world affairs in the mid-1930s."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives","Dean, Billy","Runyon, Jen"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Runyon, Jen"],"persname_ssim":["Dean, Billy","Runyon, Jen"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870861420573229056,"_root_":"e09aaaadfee66cc7c2e67462","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:01:26.356Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/e09aaaadfee66cc7c2e67462"}},{"id":"ba5c32f4f624a954226aeafc","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Billy Thomas Miner collection, 1937-1992, Date acquired: 02/22/2013, bulk 1937-1945","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/ba5c32f4f624a954226aeafc#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Miner, Billy Thomas"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/ba5c32f4f624a954226aeafc#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains papers and artifacts collected by Billy Thomas Miner, who served during World War II as a Pharmacist's Mate, 1st Class, U.S.Navy. Miner's service brought him honors such as the Marine Expeditionary Force Ribbon, Point System, Victory Medal World War II, Presidential Unit Citation, Navy Good Conduct Medal, and Asiatic Pacific Medal with 4-Stars.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/ba5c32f4f624a954226aeafc#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"ba5c32f4f624a954226aeafc","title_ssm":["Billy Thomas Miner collection"],"title_tesim":["Billy Thomas Miner collection"],"ead_ssi":"ba5c32f4f624a954226aeafc","unitdate_ssm":["1937-1992","1937-1945","Date acquired: 02/22/2013"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1937-1945"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1937-1992"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 02/22/2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["13.0019","/repositories/10/resources/281"],"text":["13.0019","/repositories/10/resources/281","Billy Thomas Miner collection, 1937-1992, Date acquired: 02/22/2013, bulk 1937-1945","Iwo Jima, Battle of, 1945","World War, 1939-1945--Japan","Iwo Jima, Battle of, Japan, 1945","Japan--History, Military","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Pacific Area","World War, 1939-1945--Japan--Equipment and supplies","United States. Navy--Uniforms","Guadalcanal, Battle of, Solomon Islands, 1942-1943","Military Uniforms.","This collection is open to all researchers.","Billy Thomas Miner was born in Pasadena, Los Angeles, California on March 8, 1917. During the World War II, he served in US 1st Marine Aircraft Wing, Okinawa as a Pharmacist's Mate, 1st Class. His service brought him honors such as the Marine Expeditionary Force Ribbon, Point System, Victory Medal World War II, Presidential Unit Citation, Navy Good Conduct Medal, and Asiatic Pacific Campaign Medal with 4-Stars.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection contains papers and artifacts collected by Billy Thomas Miner, who served during World War II as a Pharmacist's Mate, 1st Class, U.S.Navy. 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Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Michael Miner","Donated"],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--Japan","Iwo Jima, Battle of, Japan, 1945","Japan--History, Military","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Pacific Area","World War, 1939-1945--Japan--Equipment and supplies","United States. Navy--Uniforms","Guadalcanal, Battle of, Solomon Islands, 1942-1943","Military Uniforms."],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945--Japan","Iwo Jima, Battle of, Japan, 1945","Japan--History, Military","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Pacific Area","World War, 1939-1945--Japan--Equipment and supplies","United States. Navy--Uniforms","Guadalcanal, Battle of, Solomon Islands, 1942-1943","Military Uniforms."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.00 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1.00 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBilly Thomas Miner was born in Pasadena, Los Angeles, California on March 8, 1917. During the World War II, he served in US 1st Marine Aircraft Wing, Okinawa as a Pharmacist's Mate, 1st Class. His service brought him honors such as the Marine Expeditionary Force Ribbon, Point System, Victory Medal World War II, Presidential Unit Citation, Navy Good Conduct Medal, and Asiatic Pacific Campaign Medal with 4-Stars.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Billy Thomas Miner was born in Pasadena, Los Angeles, California on March 8, 1917. During the World War II, he served in US 1st Marine Aircraft Wing, Okinawa as a Pharmacist's Mate, 1st Class. 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Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Marine Corps. Marine Aircraft Wing, 1st","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Division, 1st","United States. Navy-- History--20th century"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Aircraft Wing, 1st","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Division, 1st","United States. Navy-- History--20th century","Miner, Billy Thomas"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Aircraft Wing, 1st","United States. Marine Corps. Marine Division, 1st","United States. Navy-- History--20th century"],"persname_ssim":["Miner, Billy Thomas"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870858417051009024,"_root_":"ba5c32f4f624a954226aeafc","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:13:41.973Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/ba5c32f4f624a954226aeafc"}},{"id":"df5f33ab57ee6e767c26a104_aspace_3fad9d55e45e6941a0bc65aa5264a79c","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Biographical, Commercial, and Ecclesiastical History, 1885-1967","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/df5f33ab57ee6e767c26a104_aspace_3fad9d55e45e6941a0bc65aa5264a79c#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_3fad9d55e45e6941a0bc65aa5264a79c","ref_ssm":["aspace_3fad9d55e45e6941a0bc65aa5264a79c","aspace_3fad9d55e45e6941a0bc65aa5264a79c"],"id":"df5f33ab57ee6e767c26a104_aspace_3fad9d55e45e6941a0bc65aa5264a79c","title_filing_ssi":"Biographical, Commercial, and Ecclesiastical History ","title_ssm":["Biographical, Commercial, and Ecclesiastical History "],"title_tesim":["Biographical, Commercial, and Ecclesiastical History "],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1885-1967"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1885-1967"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Biographical, Commercial, and Ecclesiastical History, 1885-1967"],"text":["Biographical, Commercial, and Ecclesiastical History, 1885-1967","Cienfuegos Collection, 1819-1991","Box 3","Folder 12","/repositories/2/archival_objects/79362","English Spanish; Castilian","box 3","folder 12"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["df5f33ab57ee6e767c26a104","df5f33ab57ee6e767c26a104_aspace_1111e6e4a55d2b37d8631a345f0fd871"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Cienfuegos Collection, 1819-1991","Box 3"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Cienfuegos Collection, 1819-1991","Box 3"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Other level"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 12","/repositories/2/archival_objects/79362"],"repository_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Cienfuegos Collection, 1819-1991"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":36,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact Special Collections \u0026 University Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The Cienfuegos Collection is owned by Florida International University.  This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"date_range_isim":[1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967],"language_ssim":["English Spanish; Castilian"],"containers_ssim":["box 3","folder 12"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#11","_nest_parent_":"df5f33ab57ee6e767c26a104_aspace_1111e6e4a55d2b37d8631a345f0fd871","_root_":"df5f33ab57ee6e767c26a104","_version_":1870844445591601152,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T04:31:37.751Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"df5f33ab57ee6e767c26a104","title_ssm":["Cienfuegos Collection"],"title_tesim":["Cienfuegos Collection"],"ead_ssi":"df5f33ab57ee6e767c26a104","unitdate_ssm":["1819-1991"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1819-1991"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SPC9010","/repositories/2/resources/115"],"text":["SPC9010","/repositories/2/resources/115","Cienfuegos Collection, 1819-1991","Cuba","postcards","Newspaper","Maps","Magazine","Photographs","This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact Special Collections \u0026 University Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials.","Cienfuegos, Cuba was founded in 1819 by French colonists, then deemed Fernandina de Jagua for King Ferdinand VII of Spain and Chief Jagua by early Spanish conquistadors. Cienfuegos, being a port city, became a center of the growing trade of crops such as coffee, sugarcane, and tobacco, as well as serving as a hub for Cuba's shrimp industry. The city's commercial success coincided with Cuba's sugar boom, making Cienfuegos one of the country's most economically important cities. The city later became a key industrial center in the mid-20th century, following the city's revolt against Fulgencio Batista y Zaldivar, former elected president of Cuba and military dictator who was overthrown during the Cuban Revolution. The aftermath of the Revolution ushered forth a new age of development in Cienfuegos. It now houses a UNESCO World Heritage Site in its city center, designated so in 2005 for its model of mordern Spanish American urbanism, and the integrity with which the original historical structures have been preserved and further maintained in newer developments.","The materials in this collection gather resources to aid in the research of the commercial, eclesiastical, economic, and geographical history of Cienfuegos, Cuba, as well as featuring texts on important figures and locations. It includes full texts and editions of regional newspapers, as well as the more intimate look at sketches, blueprints, seals, and correspondence, postcards, and business cards.","The Cienfuegos Collection is owned by Florida International University.  This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general","FIU Special Collections","English Spanish; Castilian"],"unitid_tesim":["SPC9010","/repositories/2/resources/115"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1819-1991"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cienfuegos Collection, 1819-1991"],"collection_title_tesim":["Cienfuegos Collection, 1819-1991"],"collection_ssim":["Cienfuegos Collection, 1819-1991"],"repository_ssm":["FIU Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Cuba"],"geogname_ssim":["Cuba"],"places_ssim":["Cuba"],"access_terms_ssm":["The Cienfuegos Collection is owned by Florida International University.  This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Materials were acquired through a private donor."],"access_subjects_ssim":["postcards","Newspaper","Maps","Magazine","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["postcards","Newspaper","Maps","Magazine","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 boxes 3 archival storage cartons"],"extent_tesim":["3 boxes 3 archival storage cartons"],"dimensions_tesim":["3.25 linear feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Newspaper","Maps","Magazine","Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research. Researchers must contact Special Collections \u0026amp; University Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact Special Collections \u0026 University Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCienfuegos, Cuba was founded in 1819 by French colonists, then deemed Fernandina de Jagua for King Ferdinand VII of Spain and Chief Jagua by early Spanish conquistadors. Cienfuegos, being a port city, became a center of the growing trade of crops such as coffee, sugarcane, and tobacco, as well as serving as a hub for Cuba's shrimp industry. The city's commercial success coincided with Cuba's sugar boom, making Cienfuegos one of the country's most economically important cities. The city later became a key industrial center in the mid-20th century, following the city's revolt against Fulgencio Batista y Zaldivar, former elected president of Cuba and military dictator who was overthrown during the Cuban Revolution. The aftermath of the Revolution ushered forth a new age of development in Cienfuegos. It now houses a UNESCO World Heritage Site in its city center, designated so in 2005 for its model of mordern Spanish American urbanism, and the integrity with which the original historical structures have been preserved and further maintained in newer developments.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Cienfuegos, Cuba was founded in 1819 by French colonists, then deemed Fernandina de Jagua for King Ferdinand VII of Spain and Chief Jagua by early Spanish conquistadors. Cienfuegos, being a port city, became a center of the growing trade of crops such as coffee, sugarcane, and tobacco, as well as serving as a hub for Cuba's shrimp industry. The city's commercial success coincided with Cuba's sugar boom, making Cienfuegos one of the country's most economically important cities. The city later became a key industrial center in the mid-20th century, following the city's revolt against Fulgencio Batista y Zaldivar, former elected president of Cuba and military dictator who was overthrown during the Cuban Revolution. The aftermath of the Revolution ushered forth a new age of development in Cienfuegos. It now houses a UNESCO World Heritage Site in its city center, designated so in 2005 for its model of mordern Spanish American urbanism, and the integrity with which the original historical structures have been preserved and further maintained in newer developments."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this collection gather resources to aid in the research of the commercial, eclesiastical, economic, and geographical history of Cienfuegos, Cuba, as well as featuring texts on important figures and locations. It includes full texts and editions of regional newspapers, as well as the more intimate look at sketches, blueprints, seals, and correspondence, postcards, and business cards.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The materials in this collection gather resources to aid in the research of the commercial, eclesiastical, economic, and geographical history of Cienfuegos, Cuba, as well as featuring texts on important figures and locations. It includes full texts and editions of regional newspapers, as well as the more intimate look at sketches, blueprints, seals, and correspondence, postcards, and business cards."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Cienfuegos Collection is owned by Florida International University.  This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The Cienfuegos Collection is owned by Florida International University.  This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"names_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["English Spanish; Castilian"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":36,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870844445591601152,"_root_":"df5f33ab57ee6e767c26a104","timestamp":"2026-07-16T04:31:37.751Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/df5f33ab57ee6e767c26a104_aspace_3fad9d55e45e6941a0bc65aa5264a79c"}},{"id":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_b01c97ac215814b7076e9694979de63d","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Biographical Files, 1900-1991","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_b01c97ac215814b7076e9694979de63d#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis series contains files for various founders and administrators of the Children's Home Society of Florida. Correspondence makes up a majority of the papers found in this collection. Several of the society's founders can be found here including D. W. Comstock who traveled to Florida for the National Children's Home Society. D. W. Comstock was the society's first state superintendent, but died the following year in 1903. His niece and assistant state superintendent Cora Seaton took Comstock's position until 1912 when Marcus C. Fagg was installed. Information on other administrators can be found here including society presidents and executive directors as well as an obituary for Elizabeth Harkins who helped found the society. The Orphan Train is briefly mentioned in this series as it holds a few pieces of correspondence by Cora Seaton for a child she is trying to remove from the train and bring into her care.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_b01c97ac215814b7076e9694979de63d#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_b01c97ac215814b7076e9694979de63d","ref_ssm":["aspace_b01c97ac215814b7076e9694979de63d","aspace_b01c97ac215814b7076e9694979de63d"],"id":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_b01c97ac215814b7076e9694979de63d","title_filing_ssi":"Biographical Files","title_ssm":["Biographical Files"],"title_tesim":["Biographical Files"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1900-1991"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1900-1991"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Biographical Files, 1900-1991"],"text":["Biographical Files, 1900-1991","Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997","1","/repositories/4/archival_objects/68715","This series contains files for various founders and administrators of the Children's Home Society of Florida. Correspondence makes up a majority of the papers found in this collection. Several of the society's founders can be found here including D. W. Comstock who traveled to Florida for the National Children's Home Society. D. W. Comstock was the society's first state superintendent, but died the following year in 1903. His niece and assistant state superintendent Cora Seaton took Comstock's position until 1912 when Marcus C. Fagg was installed. Information on other administrators can be found here including society presidents and executive directors as well as an obituary for Elizabeth Harkins who helped found the society. The Orphan Train is briefly mentioned in this series as it holds a few pieces of correspondence by Cora Seaton for a child she is trying to remove from the train and bring into her care."],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["f98896827f16d52b3168e472"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1","/repositories/4/archival_objects/68715"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":12,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research.","Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997 (Series IV) and Additional Materials, 1862-2019 (Series VI) contain fragile AV material. No access copies are currently available. For further information, please contact Special Collections \u0026 University Archives."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis series contains files for various founders and administrators of the Children's Home Society of Florida. Correspondence makes up a majority of the papers found in this collection. Several of the society's founders can be found here including D. W. Comstock who traveled to Florida for the National Children's Home Society. D. W. Comstock was the society's first state superintendent, but died the following year in 1903. His niece and assistant state superintendent Cora Seaton took Comstock's position until 1912 when Marcus C. Fagg was installed. Information on other administrators can be found here including society presidents and executive directors as well as an obituary for Elizabeth Harkins who helped found the society. The Orphan Train is briefly mentioned in this series as it holds a few pieces of correspondence by Cora Seaton for a child she is trying to remove from the train and bring into her care.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This series contains files for various founders and administrators of the Children's Home Society of Florida. Correspondence makes up a majority of the papers found in this collection. Several of the society's founders can be found here including D. W. Comstock who traveled to Florida for the National Children's Home Society. D. W. Comstock was the society's first state superintendent, but died the following year in 1903. His niece and assistant state superintendent Cora Seaton took Comstock's position until 1912 when Marcus C. Fagg was installed. Information on other administrators can be found here including society presidents and executive directors as well as an obituary for Elizabeth Harkins who helped found the society. The Orphan Train is briefly mentioned in this series as it holds a few pieces of correspondence by Cora Seaton for a child she is trying to remove from the train and bring into her care."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","_nest_parent_":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472","_root_":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472","_version_":1870857973089173504,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:06:38.475Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472","title_ssm":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection"],"title_tesim":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection"],"ead_ssi":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472","unitdate_ssm":["1862-2019","1902-1997"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1902-1997"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862-2019"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 054","/repositories/4/resources/294"],"text":["SC 054","/repositories/4/resources/294","Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997","Abandoned Children","Adoption -- Florida","Adoption -- United States -- History","Child welfare -- Florida","Foster children -- United States -- History","Nonprofit organizations -- Finance","Nonprofit organizations -- Management","Nonprofit organizations -- Planning","Poverty","Orphanages -- Florida","The entire collection is open for research.","Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997 (Series IV) and Additional Materials, 1862-2019 (Series VI) contain fragile AV material. No access copies are currently available. For further information, please contact Special Collections \u0026 University Archives.","The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection is arranged into 5 series by types of content as well as by types of materials. The first three series feature personal and office files which show the birth and growth of the organization, sorted at the state and local division levels. The last two series holds audio visual and photographic ephemera as well as scrapbooks created by workers at the society.","To be an orphan in Florida at the turn of the twentieth century was a dangerous prospect. Children were being orphaned due to farm and industrial accidents and numerous poor families had to give up children they could no longer afford. Many children were abused and there were few laws that protected children's rights. Homeless children had little place to go where they could be safe, properly cared for, and loved.","\nIn response to this increasing crisis, the National Children's Home Society was formed in Illinois in 1883 to help place children who had been orphaned in farming and industrial accidents, spreading to several other states over the next decade. The Revered D. W. Comstock came to Jacksonville, Florida in 1902 as a representative of the National Children's Home Society to help organize the state's first child welfare society. On November 17, 1902, with the help of Rev. D. W. Comstock and Jacksonville's city and religious leaders, The Children's Home Society of Florida (CHSFL) was established. The welfare of the child was the society's primary focus, making sure that if the family could not be preserved that the child was placed in a happy and healthy home.","\nThe CHSFL was developed as a non-profit organization, relying solely on donations from the community. Fund-raising efforts began as administrative duties were carried out in private homes around the city. The children were also were being cared for in private residences as there was not yet a home secured for the society to board its charges. The CHSFL committed itself to not only children but to babies who were not accepted until the age of three at state orphanages (Mahoney, 5). Money was tight for the society and within the first few years, the CHSFL found itself in deep debt. By September of 1910, the CHSFL was facing the possibility of ending operations when a new state superintendent for the society entered its doors. Marcus C. Fagg was just 24 when he took control of the CHSFL but within a few short months, he had already obtained funding to start his first appeals drive. Many in the society to this day believe that it was Marcus C. Fagg who saved the CHSFL from closing its doors and built it to the standards that society members and workers adhere to today. Fagg's compassion towards children also did not go unnoticed; from his early years with the CHSFL, many children he helped referred to him as \"Daddy\" Fagg as a token of their appreciation for finding them loving homes.","\nMarcus Fagg brought innovative solutions to a dire financial situation. Using land donated or sold at cost to the society, Fagg either rented or sold land at higher costs to turn a profit. Fagg also helped poor families by renting them homes at drastically reduced rental costs with an option to later buy the homes. Marcus Fagg helped dozens of poor families regain their footing while also helping the CHSFL emerge from a deep hole of financial debt.","\nThough Marcus Fagg began to save the society financially, the society still fell on hard times. The country became entangled in the agony of the Great Depression in the 1930s and the CHSFL suffered with the rest of the nation. The Miami receiving home was lost due to a lack of finances but was thankfully picked up and operated by the Junior League until 1936 when CHSFL was able to once again run the home. Marcus Fagg also made history in 1932 by becoming the first chairman of the new Florida State Welfare Board. Through the 1940s and 1950s, CHSFL was instrumental in securing rights and welfare laws for children nationwide. CHSFL was one of the founding members of the Child Welfare League of America and was one of the only societies in the country to handle state adoptions without the aid of a state agency. The society also saw rapid growth, thanks in part to the massive fund-raising performed by Marcus Fagg; several new division offices opened throughout the state, many of whom offered special services for children. CHSFL also began offering services to unwed mothers, further committing themselves to the family rather than just simply finding homes for children.","\nOne of the saddest moments for the CHSFL was the loss of their mentor and leader, Marcus C. \"Daddy\" Fagg in 1958. After Fagg's passing, newspapers throughout Florida ran headlines announcing the loss of a great state hero. Buried in a simple grave in Jacksonville, Florida, Fagg's life and legacy still serves as a reminder to the CHSFL of their continued effort to help abused and orphaned children in the state of Florida.","\nSegregation and integration played an important role for CHSFL in the 1960s as the society began caring for and adopting out African-American children from their receiving homes. Historically, the society took in mostly white children. As the Civil Rights movement grew in the 1960's, the society re-examined the scope of its adoption policies and began taking in and offering adoption services for the African-American community. This was a significant development both for the society and for the Civil Rights movement; African-American children were being given the same adoption services as white children at a time when the issue of race was dominant in society and politics. As the country rapidly changed, so did the society, offering for the first time services in schools for handicapped, delinquent, and abused children as well children living in racially mixed households. These services would grow and define the society through to the end of the 1990s.","\nJust three years into the new millennium and the society's second century of service, the CHSFL moved its headquarters from its birthplace in Jacksonville to more centrally located offices in Winter Park, Florida. Now over one hundred years old, the CHSFL offers fourteen divisions that serve the entire state of Florida.","Collection processed by Ari Karlene Anderson; finding aid prepared by April Karlene Anderson and Katie Seeler. All paper materials have been placed in acid free folders and stored in archival containers. Some larger paper materials, such as maps and large photographs were also placed in acid free folders but are stored in archival flat files. Paper clips have been removed and replaced with plastic clips. In some cases, rusty staples have also been removed. Post-it notes have been moved to the edges of papers and copies have been made of more fragile materials such as news clippings. Photo blocks have been placed in archival trays, stored in separate bins to prevent them from scraping against one another. Any audio or visual media in cases were kept in their containers but placed collectively in archival boxes. Loose pages and items in the scrapbooks have been secured either with plastic clips or placed in archival folders and the entire book has been wrapped in acid free archival paper. Additional materials processed and integrated into the main collection by Suphi Burak Ogreten. Collection rehoused and container list revised by Asmara Cortes-Caba in 2023.","Blount Family papers , University of West Florida University Archives and West Florida History Center, Pensacola, Florida. ","Adoption Records: This collection does not contain any records on adopted individuals or families from the Children's Home Society of Florida. However, the society does have the CHS Adoptions Archive Unit which is dedicated to the preservation and research of these records. They can be found at  http://www.chsfl.org .","Books:","Georgia Gertrude Ralph,  Elements of Record Keeping for Child-Helping Organizations , (New York: The De Vinne Press, 1915.)","Lawrence Mahoney,  Children and hope : a history of the Children's Home Society of Florida , (Miami: Pickering Press, 1987).","Other Locations:","Pensacola Historical Society's Historical Resource Center, 110 East Church Street, Pensacola, Florida 32502. Phone: (850) 434-5455 Website:  http://www.pensacolahistory.org  (Western Division).","Florida Department of State, State Archives of Florida, R. A. Gray Building 500 South Bronough Street Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250. Website:  https://dos.myflorida.com/library-archives/archives .","The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains personal and organizational papers, photographs, audio and visual materials, as well as ledgers and scrapbooks. The collection is arranged by both content and materials types and have been organized into the following series:","\nSeries I: Biographical Files, 1900-1991, contains the files of individuals who were instrumental in the creation and/or the operations of the Children's Home Society of Florida. Correspondence makes up the majority of this series as it show the creation of the society (Comstock, Harkins, Seaton), its resurrection (Fagg), and its continued operations.","\nSeries II: State Organizational Files, 1886-2000, includes files that were used in the operations of the society as a whole. Financial documents, correspondence, reports, as well as the meeting minutes of the various committees that ran the society can be found in this series.","\nSeries III: Division Files, 1921-circa 1995, consists of files for local divisions located throughout the state. Some divisions are no longer in operation, having been closed completely or absorbed into another division. These older divisions can be found here in their original name. Meeting minutes for each division are also located here.","\nSeries IV: Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997, holds both audio and visual media used by the Children's Home Society of Florida in promoting their society as well as raising funds.","\nSeries V: Ledger and Scrapbooks, 1902-1978, includes miscellaneous ledger and scrapbooks created by the Children's Home Society of Florida. The ledger books vary in format but are generally are either inventory or accounting in nature. The scrapbooks are made up of five volumes, all created by workers at the Children's Home Society of Florida. News clippings make up the majority of the scrapbooks contents but some do contain publications made by the Children's Home Society of Florida. There are also four Rose Keller Home scrapbooks made by workers at the Rose Keller Division in Lakeland, Florida. The Rose Keller Home scrapbooks give a brief history of the division as well as chronicle events at the home.","\nSeries VI: Additional Materials, 1862-2012, holds additional materials received from the Children's Home Society of Florida including organizational files, ephemera, photographs and audio/visual materials.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains organizational papers and ephemera that document the creation and operations of Florida's oldest non-profit adoption agency. The collection includes organizational papers from its state and local divisions, photographs, news clippings, audio and visual media, scrapbooks, and blueprints of the many receiving homes in the state, but does not contain adoption records. Adoption records remain at the CHSFL Adoption Archive and are available by contacting the society directly.","UCF Special Collections","Children's Home Society of Florida","Florida. Department of Children and Families","Child Welfare League of America","Florida. State Board of Public Welfare","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 054","/repositories/4/resources/294"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997"],"collection_title_tesim":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997"],"collection_ssim":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Children's Home Society of Florida"],"creator_ssim":["Children's Home Society of Florida"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Children's Home Society of Florida"],"creators_ssim":["Children's Home Society of Florida"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Children's Home Society of Florida donated these materials to the University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives Department in 2004 (CFM2004_04). Additional matterials were added in 2015 (CFM2015_06), 2016 (CFM2016_03), 2017 (CFM2017_05), 2020 (CFM2020_11), and 2021 (CFM2021_06)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Abandoned Children","Adoption -- Florida","Adoption -- United States -- History","Child welfare -- Florida","Foster children -- United States -- History","Nonprofit organizations -- Finance","Nonprofit organizations -- Management","Nonprofit organizations -- Planning","Poverty","Orphanages -- Florida"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Abandoned Children","Adoption -- Florida","Adoption -- United States -- History","Child welfare -- Florida","Foster children -- United States -- History","Nonprofit organizations -- Finance","Nonprofit organizations -- Management","Nonprofit organizations -- Planning","Poverty","Orphanages -- Florida"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["102.75 Linear Feet 117 boxes, 5 scrapbooks, 13 flat files"],"extent_tesim":["102.75 Linear Feet 117 boxes, 5 scrapbooks, 13 flat files"],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997 (Series IV) and Additional Materials, 1862-2019 (Series VI) contain fragile AV material. No access copies are currently available. For further information, please contact Special Collections \u0026amp; University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research.","Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997 (Series IV) and Additional Materials, 1862-2019 (Series VI) contain fragile AV material. No access copies are currently available. For further information, please contact Special Collections \u0026 University Archives."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Children's Home Society of Florida Collection is arranged into 5 series by types of content as well as by types of materials. The first three series feature personal and office files which show the birth and growth of the organization, sorted at the state and local division levels. The last two series holds audio visual and photographic ephemera as well as scrapbooks created by workers at the society.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection is arranged into 5 series by types of content as well as by types of materials. The first three series feature personal and office files which show the birth and growth of the organization, sorted at the state and local division levels. The last two series holds audio visual and photographic ephemera as well as scrapbooks created by workers at the society."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTo be an orphan in Florida at the turn of the twentieth century was a dangerous prospect. Children were being orphaned due to farm and industrial accidents and numerous poor families had to give up children they could no longer afford. Many children were abused and there were few laws that protected children's rights. Homeless children had little place to go where they could be safe, properly cared for, and loved.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIn response to this increasing crisis, the National Children's Home Society was formed in Illinois in 1883 to help place children who had been orphaned in farming and industrial accidents, spreading to several other states over the next decade. The Revered D. W. Comstock came to Jacksonville, Florida in 1902 as a representative of the National Children's Home Society to help organize the state's first child welfare society. On November 17, 1902, with the help of Rev. D. W. Comstock and Jacksonville's city and religious leaders, The Children's Home Society of Florida (CHSFL) was established. The welfare of the child was the society's primary focus, making sure that if the family could not be preserved that the child was placed in a happy and healthy home.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe CHSFL was developed as a non-profit organization, relying solely on donations from the community. Fund-raising efforts began as administrative duties were carried out in private homes around the city. The children were also were being cared for in private residences as there was not yet a home secured for the society to board its charges. The CHSFL committed itself to not only children but to babies who were not accepted until the age of three at state orphanages (Mahoney, 5). Money was tight for the society and within the first few years, the CHSFL found itself in deep debt. By September of 1910, the CHSFL was facing the possibility of ending operations when a new state superintendent for the society entered its doors. Marcus C. Fagg was just 24 when he took control of the CHSFL but within a few short months, he had already obtained funding to start his first appeals drive. Many in the society to this day believe that it was Marcus C. Fagg who saved the CHSFL from closing its doors and built it to the standards that society members and workers adhere to today. Fagg's compassion towards children also did not go unnoticed; from his early years with the CHSFL, many children he helped referred to him as \"Daddy\" Fagg as a token of their appreciation for finding them loving homes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMarcus Fagg brought innovative solutions to a dire financial situation. Using land donated or sold at cost to the society, Fagg either rented or sold land at higher costs to turn a profit. Fagg also helped poor families by renting them homes at drastically reduced rental costs with an option to later buy the homes. Marcus Fagg helped dozens of poor families regain their footing while also helping the CHSFL emerge from a deep hole of financial debt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThough Marcus Fagg began to save the society financially, the society still fell on hard times. The country became entangled in the agony of the Great Depression in the 1930s and the CHSFL suffered with the rest of the nation. The Miami receiving home was lost due to a lack of finances but was thankfully picked up and operated by the Junior League until 1936 when CHSFL was able to once again run the home. Marcus Fagg also made history in 1932 by becoming the first chairman of the new Florida State Welfare Board. Through the 1940s and 1950s, CHSFL was instrumental in securing rights and welfare laws for children nationwide. CHSFL was one of the founding members of the Child Welfare League of America and was one of the only societies in the country to handle state adoptions without the aid of a state agency. The society also saw rapid growth, thanks in part to the massive fund-raising performed by Marcus Fagg; several new division offices opened throughout the state, many of whom offered special services for children. CHSFL also began offering services to unwed mothers, further committing themselves to the family rather than just simply finding homes for children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOne of the saddest moments for the CHSFL was the loss of their mentor and leader, Marcus C. \"Daddy\" Fagg in 1958. After Fagg's passing, newspapers throughout Florida ran headlines announcing the loss of a great state hero. Buried in a simple grave in Jacksonville, Florida, Fagg's life and legacy still serves as a reminder to the CHSFL of their continued effort to help abused and orphaned children in the state of Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSegregation and integration played an important role for CHSFL in the 1960s as the society began caring for and adopting out African-American children from their receiving homes. Historically, the society took in mostly white children. As the Civil Rights movement grew in the 1960's, the society re-examined the scope of its adoption policies and began taking in and offering adoption services for the African-American community. This was a significant development both for the society and for the Civil Rights movement; African-American children were being given the same adoption services as white children at a time when the issue of race was dominant in society and politics. As the country rapidly changed, so did the society, offering for the first time services in schools for handicapped, delinquent, and abused children as well children living in racially mixed households. These services would grow and define the society through to the end of the 1990s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nJust three years into the new millennium and the society's second century of service, the CHSFL moved its headquarters from its birthplace in Jacksonville to more centrally located offices in Winter Park, Florida. Now over one hundred years old, the CHSFL offers fourteen divisions that serve the entire state of Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["To be an orphan in Florida at the turn of the twentieth century was a dangerous prospect. Children were being orphaned due to farm and industrial accidents and numerous poor families had to give up children they could no longer afford. Many children were abused and there were few laws that protected children's rights. Homeless children had little place to go where they could be safe, properly cared for, and loved.","\nIn response to this increasing crisis, the National Children's Home Society was formed in Illinois in 1883 to help place children who had been orphaned in farming and industrial accidents, spreading to several other states over the next decade. The Revered D. W. Comstock came to Jacksonville, Florida in 1902 as a representative of the National Children's Home Society to help organize the state's first child welfare society. On November 17, 1902, with the help of Rev. D. W. Comstock and Jacksonville's city and religious leaders, The Children's Home Society of Florida (CHSFL) was established. The welfare of the child was the society's primary focus, making sure that if the family could not be preserved that the child was placed in a happy and healthy home.","\nThe CHSFL was developed as a non-profit organization, relying solely on donations from the community. Fund-raising efforts began as administrative duties were carried out in private homes around the city. The children were also were being cared for in private residences as there was not yet a home secured for the society to board its charges. The CHSFL committed itself to not only children but to babies who were not accepted until the age of three at state orphanages (Mahoney, 5). Money was tight for the society and within the first few years, the CHSFL found itself in deep debt. By September of 1910, the CHSFL was facing the possibility of ending operations when a new state superintendent for the society entered its doors. Marcus C. Fagg was just 24 when he took control of the CHSFL but within a few short months, he had already obtained funding to start his first appeals drive. Many in the society to this day believe that it was Marcus C. Fagg who saved the CHSFL from closing its doors and built it to the standards that society members and workers adhere to today. Fagg's compassion towards children also did not go unnoticed; from his early years with the CHSFL, many children he helped referred to him as \"Daddy\" Fagg as a token of their appreciation for finding them loving homes.","\nMarcus Fagg brought innovative solutions to a dire financial situation. Using land donated or sold at cost to the society, Fagg either rented or sold land at higher costs to turn a profit. Fagg also helped poor families by renting them homes at drastically reduced rental costs with an option to later buy the homes. Marcus Fagg helped dozens of poor families regain their footing while also helping the CHSFL emerge from a deep hole of financial debt.","\nThough Marcus Fagg began to save the society financially, the society still fell on hard times. The country became entangled in the agony of the Great Depression in the 1930s and the CHSFL suffered with the rest of the nation. The Miami receiving home was lost due to a lack of finances but was thankfully picked up and operated by the Junior League until 1936 when CHSFL was able to once again run the home. Marcus Fagg also made history in 1932 by becoming the first chairman of the new Florida State Welfare Board. Through the 1940s and 1950s, CHSFL was instrumental in securing rights and welfare laws for children nationwide. CHSFL was one of the founding members of the Child Welfare League of America and was one of the only societies in the country to handle state adoptions without the aid of a state agency. The society also saw rapid growth, thanks in part to the massive fund-raising performed by Marcus Fagg; several new division offices opened throughout the state, many of whom offered special services for children. CHSFL also began offering services to unwed mothers, further committing themselves to the family rather than just simply finding homes for children.","\nOne of the saddest moments for the CHSFL was the loss of their mentor and leader, Marcus C. \"Daddy\" Fagg in 1958. After Fagg's passing, newspapers throughout Florida ran headlines announcing the loss of a great state hero. Buried in a simple grave in Jacksonville, Florida, Fagg's life and legacy still serves as a reminder to the CHSFL of their continued effort to help abused and orphaned children in the state of Florida.","\nSegregation and integration played an important role for CHSFL in the 1960s as the society began caring for and adopting out African-American children from their receiving homes. Historically, the society took in mostly white children. As the Civil Rights movement grew in the 1960's, the society re-examined the scope of its adoption policies and began taking in and offering adoption services for the African-American community. This was a significant development both for the society and for the Civil Rights movement; African-American children were being given the same adoption services as white children at a time when the issue of race was dominant in society and politics. As the country rapidly changed, so did the society, offering for the first time services in schools for handicapped, delinquent, and abused children as well children living in racially mixed households. These services would grow and define the society through to the end of the 1990s.","\nJust three years into the new millennium and the society's second century of service, the CHSFL moved its headquarters from its birthplace in Jacksonville to more centrally located offices in Winter Park, Florida. Now over one hundred years old, the CHSFL offers fourteen divisions that serve the entire state of Florida."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Children's Home Society of Florida Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection processed by Ari Karlene Anderson; finding aid prepared by April Karlene Anderson and Katie Seeler. All paper materials have been placed in acid free folders and stored in archival containers. Some larger paper materials, such as maps and large photographs were also placed in acid free folders but are stored in archival flat files. Paper clips have been removed and replaced with plastic clips. In some cases, rusty staples have also been removed. Post-it notes have been moved to the edges of papers and copies have been made of more fragile materials such as news clippings. Photo blocks have been placed in archival trays, stored in separate bins to prevent them from scraping against one another. Any audio or visual media in cases were kept in their containers but placed collectively in archival boxes. Loose pages and items in the scrapbooks have been secured either with plastic clips or placed in archival folders and the entire book has been wrapped in acid free archival paper. Additional materials processed and integrated into the main collection by Suphi Burak Ogreten. Collection rehoused and container list revised by Asmara Cortes-Caba in 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Collection processed by Ari Karlene Anderson; finding aid prepared by April Karlene Anderson and Katie Seeler. All paper materials have been placed in acid free folders and stored in archival containers. Some larger paper materials, such as maps and large photographs were also placed in acid free folders but are stored in archival flat files. Paper clips have been removed and replaced with plastic clips. In some cases, rusty staples have also been removed. Post-it notes have been moved to the edges of papers and copies have been made of more fragile materials such as news clippings. Photo blocks have been placed in archival trays, stored in separate bins to prevent them from scraping against one another. Any audio or visual media in cases were kept in their containers but placed collectively in archival boxes. Loose pages and items in the scrapbooks have been secured either with plastic clips or placed in archival folders and the entire book has been wrapped in acid free archival paper. Additional materials processed and integrated into the main collection by Suphi Burak Ogreten. Collection rehoused and container list revised by Asmara Cortes-Caba in 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"https://uwf.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/350\"\u003eBlount Family papers\u003c/extref\u003e, University of West Florida University Archives and West Florida History Center, Pensacola, Florida. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdoption Records: This collection does not contain any records on adopted individuals or families from the Children's Home Society of Florida. However, the society does have the CHS Adoptions Archive Unit which is dedicated to the preservation and research of these records. They can be found at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.chsfl.org\"\u003ehttp://www.chsfl.org\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBooks:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeorgia Gertrude Ralph, \u003cextref href=\"https://ucf-flvc.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01FALSC_UCF/6a1ouu/alma990260914050306596\"\u003eElements of Record Keeping for Child-Helping Organizations\u003c/extref\u003e, (New York: The De Vinne Press, 1915.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLawrence Mahoney, \u003cextref href=\"https://ucf-flvc.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01FALSC_UCF/6a1ouu/alma990211238530306596\"\u003eChildren and hope : a history of the Children's Home Society of Florida\u003c/extref\u003e, (Miami: Pickering Press, 1987).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther Locations:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePensacola Historical Society's Historical Resource Center, 110 East Church Street, Pensacola, Florida 32502. Phone: (850) 434-5455 Website: \u003cextref href=\"http://www.pensacolahistory.org\"\u003ehttp://www.pensacolahistory.org\u003c/extref\u003e (Western Division).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFlorida Department of State, State Archives of Florida, R. A. Gray Building 500 South Bronough Street Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250. Website: \u003cextref href=\"https://dos.myflorida.com/library-archives/archives\"\u003ehttps://dos.myflorida.com/library-archives/archives\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Blount Family papers , University of West Florida University Archives and West Florida History Center, Pensacola, Florida. ","Adoption Records: This collection does not contain any records on adopted individuals or families from the Children's Home Society of Florida. However, the society does have the CHS Adoptions Archive Unit which is dedicated to the preservation and research of these records. They can be found at  http://www.chsfl.org .","Books:","Georgia Gertrude Ralph,  Elements of Record Keeping for Child-Helping Organizations , (New York: The De Vinne Press, 1915.)","Lawrence Mahoney,  Children and hope : a history of the Children's Home Society of Florida , (Miami: Pickering Press, 1987).","Other Locations:","Pensacola Historical Society's Historical Resource Center, 110 East Church Street, Pensacola, Florida 32502. Phone: (850) 434-5455 Website:  http://www.pensacolahistory.org  (Western Division).","Florida Department of State, State Archives of Florida, R. A. Gray Building 500 South Bronough Street Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250. Website:  https://dos.myflorida.com/library-archives/archives ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains personal and organizational papers, photographs, audio and visual materials, as well as ledgers and scrapbooks. The collection is arranged by both content and materials types and have been organized into the following series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I: Biographical Files, 1900-1991, contains the files of individuals who were instrumental in the creation and/or the operations of the Children's Home Society of Florida. Correspondence makes up the majority of this series as it show the creation of the society (Comstock, Harkins, Seaton), its resurrection (Fagg), and its continued operations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: State Organizational Files, 1886-2000, includes files that were used in the operations of the society as a whole. Financial documents, correspondence, reports, as well as the meeting minutes of the various committees that ran the society can be found in this series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Division Files, 1921-circa 1995, consists of files for local divisions located throughout the state. Some divisions are no longer in operation, having been closed completely or absorbed into another division. These older divisions can be found here in their original name. Meeting minutes for each division are also located here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997, holds both audio and visual media used by the Children's Home Society of Florida in promoting their society as well as raising funds.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Ledger and Scrapbooks, 1902-1978, includes miscellaneous ledger and scrapbooks created by the Children's Home Society of Florida. The ledger books vary in format but are generally are either inventory or accounting in nature. The scrapbooks are made up of five volumes, all created by workers at the Children's Home Society of Florida. News clippings make up the majority of the scrapbooks contents but some do contain publications made by the Children's Home Society of Florida. There are also four Rose Keller Home scrapbooks made by workers at the Rose Keller Division in Lakeland, Florida. The Rose Keller Home scrapbooks give a brief history of the division as well as chronicle events at the home.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Additional Materials, 1862-2012, holds additional materials received from the Children's Home Society of Florida including organizational files, ephemera, photographs and audio/visual materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains personal and organizational papers, photographs, audio and visual materials, as well as ledgers and scrapbooks. The collection is arranged by both content and materials types and have been organized into the following series:","\nSeries I: Biographical Files, 1900-1991, contains the files of individuals who were instrumental in the creation and/or the operations of the Children's Home Society of Florida. Correspondence makes up the majority of this series as it show the creation of the society (Comstock, Harkins, Seaton), its resurrection (Fagg), and its continued operations.","\nSeries II: State Organizational Files, 1886-2000, includes files that were used in the operations of the society as a whole. Financial documents, correspondence, reports, as well as the meeting minutes of the various committees that ran the society can be found in this series.","\nSeries III: Division Files, 1921-circa 1995, consists of files for local divisions located throughout the state. Some divisions are no longer in operation, having been closed completely or absorbed into another division. These older divisions can be found here in their original name. Meeting minutes for each division are also located here.","\nSeries IV: Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997, holds both audio and visual media used by the Children's Home Society of Florida in promoting their society as well as raising funds.","\nSeries V: Ledger and Scrapbooks, 1902-1978, includes miscellaneous ledger and scrapbooks created by the Children's Home Society of Florida. The ledger books vary in format but are generally are either inventory or accounting in nature. The scrapbooks are made up of five volumes, all created by workers at the Children's Home Society of Florida. News clippings make up the majority of the scrapbooks contents but some do contain publications made by the Children's Home Society of Florida. There are also four Rose Keller Home scrapbooks made by workers at the Rose Keller Division in Lakeland, Florida. The Rose Keller Home scrapbooks give a brief history of the division as well as chronicle events at the home.","\nSeries VI: Additional Materials, 1862-2012, holds additional materials received from the Children's Home Society of Florida including organizational files, ephemera, photographs and audio/visual materials."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Copyright Statement"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_116bbdee47170dbab5d0053b5cc9d529\"\u003eThe Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains organizational papers and ephemera that document the creation and operations of Florida's oldest non-profit adoption agency. The collection includes organizational papers from its state and local divisions, photographs, news clippings, audio and visual media, scrapbooks, and blueprints of the many receiving homes in the state, but does not contain adoption records. Adoption records remain at the CHSFL Adoption Archive and are available by contacting the society directly.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains organizational papers and ephemera that document the creation and operations of Florida's oldest non-profit adoption agency. The collection includes organizational papers from its state and local divisions, photographs, news clippings, audio and visual media, scrapbooks, and blueprints of the many receiving homes in the state, but does not contain adoption records. Adoption records remain at the CHSFL Adoption Archive and are available by contacting the society directly."],"names_coll_ssim":["Florida. Department of Children and Families","Child Welfare League of America","Florida. State Board of Public Welfare"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Children's Home Society of Florida","Florida. Department of Children and Families","Child Welfare League of America","Florida. State Board of Public Welfare"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Children's Home Society of Florida","Florida. Department of Children and Families","Child Welfare League of America","Florida. State Board of Public Welfare"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1225,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870857973089173504,"_root_":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:06:38.475Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_b01c97ac215814b7076e9694979de63d"}},{"id":"df5f33ab57ee6e767c26a104_aspace_7bf67c377b7ba086c3ae36b60ba167fd","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Biographical, Geographic, and Economic Information; Cienfuegos Yacht Club, 1869-1975","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/df5f33ab57ee6e767c26a104_aspace_7bf67c377b7ba086c3ae36b60ba167fd#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_7bf67c377b7ba086c3ae36b60ba167fd","ref_ssm":["aspace_7bf67c377b7ba086c3ae36b60ba167fd","aspace_7bf67c377b7ba086c3ae36b60ba167fd"],"id":"df5f33ab57ee6e767c26a104_aspace_7bf67c377b7ba086c3ae36b60ba167fd","title_filing_ssi":"Biographical, Geographic, and Economic Information; Cienfuegos Yacht Club ","title_ssm":["Biographical, Geographic, and Economic Information; Cienfuegos Yacht Club "],"title_tesim":["Biographical, Geographic, and Economic Information; Cienfuegos Yacht Club "],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1869-1975"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1869-1975"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Biographical, Geographic, and Economic Information; Cienfuegos Yacht Club, 1869-1975"],"text":["Biographical, Geographic, and Economic Information; Cienfuegos Yacht Club, 1869-1975","Cienfuegos Collection, 1819-1991","Box 1","/repositories/2/archival_objects/79340","Spanish; Castilian English","box 1","folder 11"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["df5f33ab57ee6e767c26a104","df5f33ab57ee6e767c26a104_aspace_9b35122996c28a3e508873907c342910"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Cienfuegos Collection, 1819-1991","Box 1"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Cienfuegos Collection, 1819-1991","Box 1"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Other level"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/2/archival_objects/79340"],"repository_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Cienfuegos Collection, 1819-1991"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":12,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact Special Collections \u0026 University Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The Cienfuegos Collection is owned by Florida International University.  This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"date_range_isim":[1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975],"language_ssim":["Spanish; Castilian English"],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 11"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#10","_nest_parent_":"df5f33ab57ee6e767c26a104_aspace_9b35122996c28a3e508873907c342910","_root_":"df5f33ab57ee6e767c26a104","_version_":1870844445591601152,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T04:31:37.751Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"df5f33ab57ee6e767c26a104","title_ssm":["Cienfuegos Collection"],"title_tesim":["Cienfuegos Collection"],"ead_ssi":"df5f33ab57ee6e767c26a104","unitdate_ssm":["1819-1991"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1819-1991"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SPC9010","/repositories/2/resources/115"],"text":["SPC9010","/repositories/2/resources/115","Cienfuegos Collection, 1819-1991","Cuba","postcards","Newspaper","Maps","Magazine","Photographs","This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact Special Collections \u0026 University Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials.","Cienfuegos, Cuba was founded in 1819 by French colonists, then deemed Fernandina de Jagua for King Ferdinand VII of Spain and Chief Jagua by early Spanish conquistadors. Cienfuegos, being a port city, became a center of the growing trade of crops such as coffee, sugarcane, and tobacco, as well as serving as a hub for Cuba's shrimp industry. The city's commercial success coincided with Cuba's sugar boom, making Cienfuegos one of the country's most economically important cities. The city later became a key industrial center in the mid-20th century, following the city's revolt against Fulgencio Batista y Zaldivar, former elected president of Cuba and military dictator who was overthrown during the Cuban Revolution. The aftermath of the Revolution ushered forth a new age of development in Cienfuegos. It now houses a UNESCO World Heritage Site in its city center, designated so in 2005 for its model of mordern Spanish American urbanism, and the integrity with which the original historical structures have been preserved and further maintained in newer developments.","The materials in this collection gather resources to aid in the research of the commercial, eclesiastical, economic, and geographical history of Cienfuegos, Cuba, as well as featuring texts on important figures and locations. It includes full texts and editions of regional newspapers, as well as the more intimate look at sketches, blueprints, seals, and correspondence, postcards, and business cards.","The Cienfuegos Collection is owned by Florida International University.  This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general","FIU Special Collections","English Spanish; Castilian"],"unitid_tesim":["SPC9010","/repositories/2/resources/115"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1819-1991"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cienfuegos Collection, 1819-1991"],"collection_title_tesim":["Cienfuegos Collection, 1819-1991"],"collection_ssim":["Cienfuegos Collection, 1819-1991"],"repository_ssm":["FIU Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Cuba"],"geogname_ssim":["Cuba"],"places_ssim":["Cuba"],"access_terms_ssm":["The Cienfuegos Collection is owned by Florida International University.  This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Materials were acquired through a private donor."],"access_subjects_ssim":["postcards","Newspaper","Maps","Magazine","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["postcards","Newspaper","Maps","Magazine","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 boxes 3 archival storage cartons"],"extent_tesim":["3 boxes 3 archival storage cartons"],"dimensions_tesim":["3.25 linear feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Newspaper","Maps","Magazine","Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research. Researchers must contact Special Collections \u0026amp; University Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research. Researchers must contact Special Collections \u0026 University Archives in advance for access to unprocessed born digital materials in this collection. Collection restrictions, copyright limitations, or technical complications may hinder the SPCUA's ability to provide access to unprocessed born digital materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCienfuegos, Cuba was founded in 1819 by French colonists, then deemed Fernandina de Jagua for King Ferdinand VII of Spain and Chief Jagua by early Spanish conquistadors. Cienfuegos, being a port city, became a center of the growing trade of crops such as coffee, sugarcane, and tobacco, as well as serving as a hub for Cuba's shrimp industry. The city's commercial success coincided with Cuba's sugar boom, making Cienfuegos one of the country's most economically important cities. The city later became a key industrial center in the mid-20th century, following the city's revolt against Fulgencio Batista y Zaldivar, former elected president of Cuba and military dictator who was overthrown during the Cuban Revolution. The aftermath of the Revolution ushered forth a new age of development in Cienfuegos. It now houses a UNESCO World Heritage Site in its city center, designated so in 2005 for its model of mordern Spanish American urbanism, and the integrity with which the original historical structures have been preserved and further maintained in newer developments.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Cienfuegos, Cuba was founded in 1819 by French colonists, then deemed Fernandina de Jagua for King Ferdinand VII of Spain and Chief Jagua by early Spanish conquistadors. Cienfuegos, being a port city, became a center of the growing trade of crops such as coffee, sugarcane, and tobacco, as well as serving as a hub for Cuba's shrimp industry. The city's commercial success coincided with Cuba's sugar boom, making Cienfuegos one of the country's most economically important cities. The city later became a key industrial center in the mid-20th century, following the city's revolt against Fulgencio Batista y Zaldivar, former elected president of Cuba and military dictator who was overthrown during the Cuban Revolution. The aftermath of the Revolution ushered forth a new age of development in Cienfuegos. It now houses a UNESCO World Heritage Site in its city center, designated so in 2005 for its model of mordern Spanish American urbanism, and the integrity with which the original historical structures have been preserved and further maintained in newer developments."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this collection gather resources to aid in the research of the commercial, eclesiastical, economic, and geographical history of Cienfuegos, Cuba, as well as featuring texts on important figures and locations. It includes full texts and editions of regional newspapers, as well as the more intimate look at sketches, blueprints, seals, and correspondence, postcards, and business cards.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The materials in this collection gather resources to aid in the research of the commercial, eclesiastical, economic, and geographical history of Cienfuegos, Cuba, as well as featuring texts on important figures and locations. It includes full texts and editions of regional newspapers, as well as the more intimate look at sketches, blueprints, seals, and correspondence, postcards, and business cards."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Cienfuegos Collection is owned by Florida International University.  This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The Cienfuegos Collection is owned by Florida International University.  This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"names_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["English Spanish; Castilian"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":36,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870844445591601152,"_root_":"df5f33ab57ee6e767c26a104","timestamp":"2026-07-16T04:31:37.751Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/df5f33ab57ee6e767c26a104_aspace_7bf67c377b7ba086c3ae36b60ba167fd"}},{"id":"e8927e9db55346c2471eeb5c_aspace_205066","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Biographical Information and Reburial Documents, 1924-1946","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/e8927e9db55346c2471eeb5c_aspace_205066#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eA series of photocopied documents and newspapers which provide details of Leon Lindauer's life before his enlistment on July 1st, 1943 and obituaries when his remains were reburied in Georgia after the war. Included in this folder are Boy Scout troop rosters detailing Lindauer's position as Junior Assistant Sout Master, a short typed description of Lindauer's life written by his niece Sherrie Harris, a copy of Lindauer's birth certificate, and a printed screen capture of a search for Lindauer's records within the Social Security Index which implies he was not registered with social security.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/e8927e9db55346c2471eeb5c_aspace_205066#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_205066","ref_ssm":["aspace_205066","aspace_205066"],"id":"e8927e9db55346c2471eeb5c_aspace_205066","title_filing_ssi":"Biographical Information and Reburial Documents","title_ssm":["Biographical Information and Reburial Documents"],"title_tesim":["Biographical Information and Reburial Documents"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1924-1946"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1924-1946"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Biographical Information and Reburial Documents, 1924-1946"],"text":["Biographical Information and Reburial Documents, 1924-1946","Leon Lindauer collection, 1924-1948, Date acquired: 11/05/1998, Date accessioned: 2020-04-21, bulk 1943-1944","001","/repositories/10/archival_objects/33430","98.0767 - Box 1","folder 001","A series of photocopied documents and newspapers which provide details of Leon Lindauer's life before his enlistment on July 1st, 1943 and obituaries when his remains were reburied in Georgia after the war. Included in this folder are Boy Scout troop rosters detailing Lindauer's position as Junior Assistant Sout Master, a short typed description of Lindauer's life written by his niece Sherrie Harris, a copy of Lindauer's birth certificate, and a printed screen capture of a search for Lindauer's records within the Social Security Index which implies he was not registered with social security."],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["e8927e9db55346c2471eeb5c"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Leon Lindauer collection, 1924-1948, Date acquired: 11/05/1998, Date accessioned: 2020-04-21, bulk 1943-1944"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Leon Lindauer collection, 1924-1948, Date acquired: 11/05/1998, Date accessioned: 2020-04-21, bulk 1943-1944"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["001","/repositories/10/archival_objects/33430"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Leon Lindauer collection, 1924-1948, Date acquired: 11/05/1998, Date accessioned: 2020-04-21, bulk 1943-1944"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":17,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"date_range_isim":[1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946],"containers_ssim":["98.0767 - Box 1","folder 001"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA series of photocopied documents and newspapers which provide details of Leon Lindauer's life before his enlistment on July 1st, 1943 and obituaries when his remains were reburied in Georgia after the war. Included in this folder are Boy Scout troop rosters detailing Lindauer's position as Junior Assistant Sout Master, a short typed description of Lindauer's life written by his niece Sherrie Harris, a copy of Lindauer's birth certificate, and a printed screen capture of a search for Lindauer's records within the Social Security Index which implies he was not registered with social security.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A series of photocopied documents and newspapers which provide details of Leon Lindauer's life before his enlistment on July 1st, 1943 and obituaries when his remains were reburied in Georgia after the war. Included in this folder are Boy Scout troop rosters detailing Lindauer's position as Junior Assistant Sout Master, a short typed description of Lindauer's life written by his niece Sherrie Harris, a copy of Lindauer's birth certificate, and a printed screen capture of a search for Lindauer's records within the Social Security Index which implies he was not registered with social security."],"_nest_path_":"/components#16","_nest_parent_":"e8927e9db55346c2471eeb5c","_root_":"e8927e9db55346c2471eeb5c","timestamp":"2026-04-21T06:08:36.761Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"e8927e9db55346c2471eeb5c","title_filing_ssi":"Lindauer, Leon collection","title_ssm":["Leon Lindauer collection"],"title_tesim":["Leon Lindauer collection"],"ead_ssi":"e8927e9db55346c2471eeb5c","unitdate_ssm":["1924-1948","1943-1944","Date acquired: 11/05/1998","Date accessioned: 2020-04-21"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1943-1944"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1924-1948"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 11/05/1998","Date accessioned: 2020-04-21"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["98.0767","/repositories/10/resources/162"],"text":["98.0767","/repositories/10/resources/162","Leon Lindauer collection, 1924-1948, Date acquired: 11/05/1998, Date accessioned: 2020-04-21, bulk 1943-1944","Savannah (Ga.)","Fort McPherson (Ga.)","Camp Fannin (Tex.)","Jewish soldiers--Correspondence","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy--Po River Valley","Boy Scouts--History","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","United States. Army. Infantry Division, 88th","This collection is open to all researchers.","Leon Lindauer Jr. was born on December 22, 1924, in Savannah, Georgia to a small Jewish family. After the death of his father when he was two years old, he became very close to his mother Yetta Getz and his two sisters. Lindauer became very involved in Boy Scout Troop 2 and Tomo Chi-Chi Lodge 119 of the Order of the Arrow, a Scout organization.","In 1943, shortly after his eighteenth birthday, Lindauer enlisted in the U.S. Army, training in Ft. McPherson, Georgia and Camp Fannin, Texas. He was then shipped to Italy as part of the 351st Regiment of the 88th Infantry Division ('Blue Devils') of the Fifth Army. He saw extensive service in the Italian campaign throughout 1944 and participated in the liberation of Rome. Leon Lindauer was killed by a sniper while on patrol in the Po Valley on September 28, 1944, during the battles to capture Mt. Guasteto and Mt. Capello. His remains were repatriated and reburied in Savannah, Georgia, in Bonaventure Cemetery, Section P, Block O, Lot 121, on November 23, 1948.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection consists of personal effects, personal letters, and documents related to U.S. Army Infantryman Leon Lindauer who served with the 88th Infantry Division during World War II. Objects such as a posthumous Purple Heart, yarmulke, writing utensils, personal toiletries, and Jewish prayer books are included in the collection. Lindauer's written collection includes biographical documents, primarily papers from his time as a Boy Scout before the war, and a vast number of personal letters to his family during the war. Also included are official letters of condolences and documentation concerning his burial and pension/insurance claims to his family after his killed in action death in Italy on September 28, 1944.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Lindauer, Leon, 1924-1944","English"],"unitid_tesim":["98.0767","/repositories/10/resources/162"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1924-1948, Date acquired: 11/05/1998, Date accessioned: 2020-04-21, bulk 1943-1944"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Leon Lindauer collection, 1924-1948, Date acquired: 11/05/1998, Date accessioned: 2020-04-21, bulk 1943-1944"],"collection_title_tesim":["Leon Lindauer collection, 1924-1948, Date acquired: 11/05/1998, Date accessioned: 2020-04-21, bulk 1943-1944"],"collection_ssim":["Leon Lindauer collection, 1924-1948, Date acquired: 11/05/1998, Date accessioned: 2020-04-21, bulk 1943-1944"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Savannah (Ga.)","Fort McPherson (Ga.)","Camp Fannin (Tex.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Savannah (Ga.)","Fort McPherson (Ga.)","Camp Fannin (Tex.)"],"creator_ssm":["Lindauer, Leon, 1924-1944"],"creator_ssim":["Lindauer, Leon, 1924-1944"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Lindauer, Leon, 1924-1944"],"creators_ssim":["Lindauer, Leon, 1924-1944"],"places_ssim":["Savannah (Ga.)","Fort McPherson (Ga.)","Camp Fannin (Tex.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Jewish soldiers--Correspondence","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy--Po River Valley","Boy Scouts--History","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","United States. Army. Infantry Division, 88th"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Jewish soldiers--Correspondence","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy--Po River Valley","Boy Scouts--History","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","United States. Army. Infantry Division, 88th"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".5 Linear Feet This collection contains two boxes. One contains letters and documents. The other contains artifacts, including a VHS tape. 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Leon Lindauer was killed by a sniper while on patrol in the Po Valley on September 28, 1944, during the battles to capture Mt. Guasteto and Mt. Capello. His remains were repatriated and reburied in Savannah, Georgia, in Bonaventure Cemetery, Section P, Block O, Lot 121, on November 23, 1948."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Leon Lindauer collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0767\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0767\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Leon Lindauer collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0767 ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of personal effects, personal letters, and documents related to U.S. Army Infantryman Leon Lindauer who served with the 88th Infantry Division during World War II. Objects such as a posthumous Purple Heart, yarmulke, writing utensils, personal toiletries, and Jewish prayer books are included in the collection. Lindauer's written collection includes biographical documents, primarily papers from his time as a Boy Scout before the war, and a vast number of personal letters to his family during the war. Also included are official letters of condolences and documentation concerning his burial and pension/insurance claims to his family after his killed in action death in Italy on September 28, 1944.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of personal effects, personal letters, and documents related to U.S. Army Infantryman Leon Lindauer who served with the 88th Infantry Division during World War II. Objects such as a posthumous Purple Heart, yarmulke, writing utensils, personal toiletries, and Jewish prayer books are included in the collection. Lindauer's written collection includes biographical documents, primarily papers from his time as a Boy Scout before the war, and a vast number of personal letters to his family during the war. Also included are official letters of condolences and documentation concerning his burial and pension/insurance claims to his family after his killed in action death in Italy on September 28, 1944."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. 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