{"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1926\u0026page=68","prev":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1926\u0026page=67","next":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1926\u0026page=69","last":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1926\u0026page=222"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":68,"next_page":69,"prev_page":67,"total_pages":222,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":670,"total_count":2213,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_e861460aaafe819ffd8f5ec1234a2da5","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"E.M. Hays, 1926","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_e861460aaafe819ffd8f5ec1234a2da5#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_e861460aaafe819ffd8f5ec1234a2da5","ref_ssm":["aspace_e861460aaafe819ffd8f5ec1234a2da5","aspace_e861460aaafe819ffd8f5ec1234a2da5"],"id":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_e861460aaafe819ffd8f5ec1234a2da5","title_filing_ssi":"E.M. Hays","title_ssm":["E.M. Hays"],"title_tesim":["E.M. Hays"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1926"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1926"],"normalized_title_ssm":["E.M. Hays, 1926"],"text":["E.M. Hays, 1926","Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997","State Organizational Files, 1886-2000","Finance, 1886–1983","Title Deeds, 1886–1983","Property Owners, 1886–1942","/repositories/4/archival_objects/69807","box 48","folder 10"],"component_level_isim":[5],"parent_ids_ssim":["f98896827f16d52b3168e472","f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_fe3154f62b64b6ce0e601b03fcc072df","f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_cd77814ee9471305c49d9b10ba8d5d5e","f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_ee9d5688a3a0e4f632c436314204b67b","f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_d8a4460408c84d3609d8a476201a435e"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997","State Organizational Files, 1886-2000","Finance, 1886–1983","Title Deeds, 1886–1983","Property Owners, 1886–1942"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997","State Organizational Files, 1886-2000","Finance, 1886–1983","Title Deeds, 1886–1983","Property Owners, 1886–1942"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries","Subseries","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/4/archival_objects/69807"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":432,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research.","Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997 (Series IV) and Additional Materials, 1862-2019 (Series VI) contain fragile AV material. No access copies are currently available. For further information, please contact Special Collections \u0026 University Archives."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1926],"containers_ssim":["box 48","folder 10"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#24/components#11/components#1/components#28","_nest_parent_":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_d8a4460408c84d3609d8a476201a435e","_root_":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472","_version_":1870857973089173504,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:06:38.475Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472","title_ssm":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection"],"title_tesim":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection"],"ead_ssi":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472","unitdate_ssm":["1862-2019","1902-1997"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1902-1997"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862-2019"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 054","/repositories/4/resources/294"],"text":["SC 054","/repositories/4/resources/294","Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997","Abandoned Children","Adoption -- Florida","Adoption -- United States -- History","Child welfare -- Florida","Foster children -- United States -- History","Nonprofit organizations -- Finance","Nonprofit organizations -- Management","Nonprofit organizations -- Planning","Poverty","Orphanages -- Florida","The entire collection is open for research.","Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997 (Series IV) and Additional Materials, 1862-2019 (Series VI) contain fragile AV material. No access copies are currently available. For further information, please contact Special Collections \u0026 University Archives.","The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection is arranged into 5 series by types of content as well as by types of materials. The first three series feature personal and office files which show the birth and growth of the organization, sorted at the state and local division levels. The last two series holds audio visual and photographic ephemera as well as scrapbooks created by workers at the society.","To be an orphan in Florida at the turn of the twentieth century was a dangerous prospect. Children were being orphaned due to farm and industrial accidents and numerous poor families had to give up children they could no longer afford. Many children were abused and there were few laws that protected children's rights. Homeless children had little place to go where they could be safe, properly cared for, and loved.","\nIn response to this increasing crisis, the National Children's Home Society was formed in Illinois in 1883 to help place children who had been orphaned in farming and industrial accidents, spreading to several other states over the next decade. The Revered D. W. Comstock came to Jacksonville, Florida in 1902 as a representative of the National Children's Home Society to help organize the state's first child welfare society. On November 17, 1902, with the help of Rev. D. W. Comstock and Jacksonville's city and religious leaders, The Children's Home Society of Florida (CHSFL) was established. The welfare of the child was the society's primary focus, making sure that if the family could not be preserved that the child was placed in a happy and healthy home.","\nThe CHSFL was developed as a non-profit organization, relying solely on donations from the community. Fund-raising efforts began as administrative duties were carried out in private homes around the city. The children were also were being cared for in private residences as there was not yet a home secured for the society to board its charges. The CHSFL committed itself to not only children but to babies who were not accepted until the age of three at state orphanages (Mahoney, 5). Money was tight for the society and within the first few years, the CHSFL found itself in deep debt. By September of 1910, the CHSFL was facing the possibility of ending operations when a new state superintendent for the society entered its doors. Marcus C. Fagg was just 24 when he took control of the CHSFL but within a few short months, he had already obtained funding to start his first appeals drive. Many in the society to this day believe that it was Marcus C. Fagg who saved the CHSFL from closing its doors and built it to the standards that society members and workers adhere to today. Fagg's compassion towards children also did not go unnoticed; from his early years with the CHSFL, many children he helped referred to him as \"Daddy\" Fagg as a token of their appreciation for finding them loving homes.","\nMarcus Fagg brought innovative solutions to a dire financial situation. Using land donated or sold at cost to the society, Fagg either rented or sold land at higher costs to turn a profit. Fagg also helped poor families by renting them homes at drastically reduced rental costs with an option to later buy the homes. Marcus Fagg helped dozens of poor families regain their footing while also helping the CHSFL emerge from a deep hole of financial debt.","\nThough Marcus Fagg began to save the society financially, the society still fell on hard times. The country became entangled in the agony of the Great Depression in the 1930s and the CHSFL suffered with the rest of the nation. The Miami receiving home was lost due to a lack of finances but was thankfully picked up and operated by the Junior League until 1936 when CHSFL was able to once again run the home. Marcus Fagg also made history in 1932 by becoming the first chairman of the new Florida State Welfare Board. Through the 1940s and 1950s, CHSFL was instrumental in securing rights and welfare laws for children nationwide. CHSFL was one of the founding members of the Child Welfare League of America and was one of the only societies in the country to handle state adoptions without the aid of a state agency. The society also saw rapid growth, thanks in part to the massive fund-raising performed by Marcus Fagg; several new division offices opened throughout the state, many of whom offered special services for children. CHSFL also began offering services to unwed mothers, further committing themselves to the family rather than just simply finding homes for children.","\nOne of the saddest moments for the CHSFL was the loss of their mentor and leader, Marcus C. \"Daddy\" Fagg in 1958. After Fagg's passing, newspapers throughout Florida ran headlines announcing the loss of a great state hero. Buried in a simple grave in Jacksonville, Florida, Fagg's life and legacy still serves as a reminder to the CHSFL of their continued effort to help abused and orphaned children in the state of Florida.","\nSegregation and integration played an important role for CHSFL in the 1960s as the society began caring for and adopting out African-American children from their receiving homes. Historically, the society took in mostly white children. As the Civil Rights movement grew in the 1960's, the society re-examined the scope of its adoption policies and began taking in and offering adoption services for the African-American community. This was a significant development both for the society and for the Civil Rights movement; African-American children were being given the same adoption services as white children at a time when the issue of race was dominant in society and politics. As the country rapidly changed, so did the society, offering for the first time services in schools for handicapped, delinquent, and abused children as well children living in racially mixed households. These services would grow and define the society through to the end of the 1990s.","\nJust three years into the new millennium and the society's second century of service, the CHSFL moved its headquarters from its birthplace in Jacksonville to more centrally located offices in Winter Park, Florida. Now over one hundred years old, the CHSFL offers fourteen divisions that serve the entire state of Florida.","Collection processed by Ari Karlene Anderson; finding aid prepared by April Karlene Anderson and Katie Seeler. All paper materials have been placed in acid free folders and stored in archival containers. Some larger paper materials, such as maps and large photographs were also placed in acid free folders but are stored in archival flat files. Paper clips have been removed and replaced with plastic clips. In some cases, rusty staples have also been removed. Post-it notes have been moved to the edges of papers and copies have been made of more fragile materials such as news clippings. Photo blocks have been placed in archival trays, stored in separate bins to prevent them from scraping against one another. Any audio or visual media in cases were kept in their containers but placed collectively in archival boxes. Loose pages and items in the scrapbooks have been secured either with plastic clips or placed in archival folders and the entire book has been wrapped in acid free archival paper. Additional materials processed and integrated into the main collection by Suphi Burak Ogreten. Collection rehoused and container list revised by Asmara Cortes-Caba in 2023.","Blount Family papers , University of West Florida University Archives and West Florida History Center, Pensacola, Florida. ","Adoption Records: This collection does not contain any records on adopted individuals or families from the Children's Home Society of Florida. However, the society does have the CHS Adoptions Archive Unit which is dedicated to the preservation and research of these records. They can be found at  http://www.chsfl.org .","Books:","Georgia Gertrude Ralph,  Elements of Record Keeping for Child-Helping Organizations , (New York: The De Vinne Press, 1915.)","Lawrence Mahoney,  Children and hope : a history of the Children's Home Society of Florida , (Miami: Pickering Press, 1987).","Other Locations:","Pensacola Historical Society's Historical Resource Center, 110 East Church Street, Pensacola, Florida 32502. Phone: (850) 434-5455 Website:  http://www.pensacolahistory.org  (Western Division).","Florida Department of State, State Archives of Florida, R. A. Gray Building 500 South Bronough Street Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250. Website:  https://dos.myflorida.com/library-archives/archives .","The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains personal and organizational papers, photographs, audio and visual materials, as well as ledgers and scrapbooks. The collection is arranged by both content and materials types and have been organized into the following series:","\nSeries I: Biographical Files, 1900-1991, contains the files of individuals who were instrumental in the creation and/or the operations of the Children's Home Society of Florida. Correspondence makes up the majority of this series as it show the creation of the society (Comstock, Harkins, Seaton), its resurrection (Fagg), and its continued operations.","\nSeries II: State Organizational Files, 1886-2000, includes files that were used in the operations of the society as a whole. Financial documents, correspondence, reports, as well as the meeting minutes of the various committees that ran the society can be found in this series.","\nSeries III: Division Files, 1921-circa 1995, consists of files for local divisions located throughout the state. Some divisions are no longer in operation, having been closed completely or absorbed into another division. These older divisions can be found here in their original name. Meeting minutes for each division are also located here.","\nSeries IV: Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997, holds both audio and visual media used by the Children's Home Society of Florida in promoting their society as well as raising funds.","\nSeries V: Ledger and Scrapbooks, 1902-1978, includes miscellaneous ledger and scrapbooks created by the Children's Home Society of Florida. The ledger books vary in format but are generally are either inventory or accounting in nature. The scrapbooks are made up of five volumes, all created by workers at the Children's Home Society of Florida. News clippings make up the majority of the scrapbooks contents but some do contain publications made by the Children's Home Society of Florida. There are also four Rose Keller Home scrapbooks made by workers at the Rose Keller Division in Lakeland, Florida. The Rose Keller Home scrapbooks give a brief history of the division as well as chronicle events at the home.","\nSeries VI: Additional Materials, 1862-2012, holds additional materials received from the Children's Home Society of Florida including organizational files, ephemera, photographs and audio/visual materials.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains organizational papers and ephemera that document the creation and operations of Florida's oldest non-profit adoption agency. The collection includes organizational papers from its state and local divisions, photographs, news clippings, audio and visual media, scrapbooks, and blueprints of the many receiving homes in the state, but does not contain adoption records. Adoption records remain at the CHSFL Adoption Archive and are available by contacting the society directly.","UCF Special Collections","Children's Home Society of Florida","Florida. Department of Children and Families","Child Welfare League of America","Florida. State Board of Public Welfare","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 054","/repositories/4/resources/294"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997"],"collection_title_tesim":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997"],"collection_ssim":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Children's Home Society of Florida"],"creator_ssim":["Children's Home Society of Florida"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Children's Home Society of Florida"],"creators_ssim":["Children's Home Society of Florida"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Children's Home Society of Florida donated these materials to the University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives Department in 2004 (CFM2004_04). Additional matterials were added in 2015 (CFM2015_06), 2016 (CFM2016_03), 2017 (CFM2017_05), 2020 (CFM2020_11), and 2021 (CFM2021_06)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Abandoned Children","Adoption -- Florida","Adoption -- United States -- History","Child welfare -- Florida","Foster children -- United States -- History","Nonprofit organizations -- Finance","Nonprofit organizations -- Management","Nonprofit organizations -- Planning","Poverty","Orphanages -- Florida"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Abandoned Children","Adoption -- Florida","Adoption -- United States -- History","Child welfare -- Florida","Foster children -- United States -- History","Nonprofit organizations -- Finance","Nonprofit organizations -- Management","Nonprofit organizations -- Planning","Poverty","Orphanages -- Florida"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["102.75 Linear Feet 117 boxes, 5 scrapbooks, 13 flat files"],"extent_tesim":["102.75 Linear Feet 117 boxes, 5 scrapbooks, 13 flat files"],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997 (Series IV) and Additional Materials, 1862-2019 (Series VI) contain fragile AV material. No access copies are currently available. For further information, please contact Special Collections \u0026amp; University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research.","Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997 (Series IV) and Additional Materials, 1862-2019 (Series VI) contain fragile AV material. No access copies are currently available. For further information, please contact Special Collections \u0026 University Archives."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Children's Home Society of Florida Collection is arranged into 5 series by types of content as well as by types of materials. The first three series feature personal and office files which show the birth and growth of the organization, sorted at the state and local division levels. The last two series holds audio visual and photographic ephemera as well as scrapbooks created by workers at the society.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection is arranged into 5 series by types of content as well as by types of materials. The first three series feature personal and office files which show the birth and growth of the organization, sorted at the state and local division levels. The last two series holds audio visual and photographic ephemera as well as scrapbooks created by workers at the society."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTo be an orphan in Florida at the turn of the twentieth century was a dangerous prospect. Children were being orphaned due to farm and industrial accidents and numerous poor families had to give up children they could no longer afford. Many children were abused and there were few laws that protected children's rights. Homeless children had little place to go where they could be safe, properly cared for, and loved.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIn response to this increasing crisis, the National Children's Home Society was formed in Illinois in 1883 to help place children who had been orphaned in farming and industrial accidents, spreading to several other states over the next decade. The Revered D. W. Comstock came to Jacksonville, Florida in 1902 as a representative of the National Children's Home Society to help organize the state's first child welfare society. On November 17, 1902, with the help of Rev. D. W. Comstock and Jacksonville's city and religious leaders, The Children's Home Society of Florida (CHSFL) was established. The welfare of the child was the society's primary focus, making sure that if the family could not be preserved that the child was placed in a happy and healthy home.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe CHSFL was developed as a non-profit organization, relying solely on donations from the community. Fund-raising efforts began as administrative duties were carried out in private homes around the city. The children were also were being cared for in private residences as there was not yet a home secured for the society to board its charges. The CHSFL committed itself to not only children but to babies who were not accepted until the age of three at state orphanages (Mahoney, 5). Money was tight for the society and within the first few years, the CHSFL found itself in deep debt. By September of 1910, the CHSFL was facing the possibility of ending operations when a new state superintendent for the society entered its doors. Marcus C. Fagg was just 24 when he took control of the CHSFL but within a few short months, he had already obtained funding to start his first appeals drive. Many in the society to this day believe that it was Marcus C. Fagg who saved the CHSFL from closing its doors and built it to the standards that society members and workers adhere to today. Fagg's compassion towards children also did not go unnoticed; from his early years with the CHSFL, many children he helped referred to him as \"Daddy\" Fagg as a token of their appreciation for finding them loving homes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMarcus Fagg brought innovative solutions to a dire financial situation. Using land donated or sold at cost to the society, Fagg either rented or sold land at higher costs to turn a profit. Fagg also helped poor families by renting them homes at drastically reduced rental costs with an option to later buy the homes. Marcus Fagg helped dozens of poor families regain their footing while also helping the CHSFL emerge from a deep hole of financial debt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThough Marcus Fagg began to save the society financially, the society still fell on hard times. The country became entangled in the agony of the Great Depression in the 1930s and the CHSFL suffered with the rest of the nation. The Miami receiving home was lost due to a lack of finances but was thankfully picked up and operated by the Junior League until 1936 when CHSFL was able to once again run the home. Marcus Fagg also made history in 1932 by becoming the first chairman of the new Florida State Welfare Board. Through the 1940s and 1950s, CHSFL was instrumental in securing rights and welfare laws for children nationwide. CHSFL was one of the founding members of the Child Welfare League of America and was one of the only societies in the country to handle state adoptions without the aid of a state agency. The society also saw rapid growth, thanks in part to the massive fund-raising performed by Marcus Fagg; several new division offices opened throughout the state, many of whom offered special services for children. CHSFL also began offering services to unwed mothers, further committing themselves to the family rather than just simply finding homes for children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOne of the saddest moments for the CHSFL was the loss of their mentor and leader, Marcus C. \"Daddy\" Fagg in 1958. After Fagg's passing, newspapers throughout Florida ran headlines announcing the loss of a great state hero. Buried in a simple grave in Jacksonville, Florida, Fagg's life and legacy still serves as a reminder to the CHSFL of their continued effort to help abused and orphaned children in the state of Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSegregation and integration played an important role for CHSFL in the 1960s as the society began caring for and adopting out African-American children from their receiving homes. Historically, the society took in mostly white children. As the Civil Rights movement grew in the 1960's, the society re-examined the scope of its adoption policies and began taking in and offering adoption services for the African-American community. This was a significant development both for the society and for the Civil Rights movement; African-American children were being given the same adoption services as white children at a time when the issue of race was dominant in society and politics. As the country rapidly changed, so did the society, offering for the first time services in schools for handicapped, delinquent, and abused children as well children living in racially mixed households. These services would grow and define the society through to the end of the 1990s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nJust three years into the new millennium and the society's second century of service, the CHSFL moved its headquarters from its birthplace in Jacksonville to more centrally located offices in Winter Park, Florida. Now over one hundred years old, the CHSFL offers fourteen divisions that serve the entire state of Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["To be an orphan in Florida at the turn of the twentieth century was a dangerous prospect. Children were being orphaned due to farm and industrial accidents and numerous poor families had to give up children they could no longer afford. Many children were abused and there were few laws that protected children's rights. Homeless children had little place to go where they could be safe, properly cared for, and loved.","\nIn response to this increasing crisis, the National Children's Home Society was formed in Illinois in 1883 to help place children who had been orphaned in farming and industrial accidents, spreading to several other states over the next decade. The Revered D. W. Comstock came to Jacksonville, Florida in 1902 as a representative of the National Children's Home Society to help organize the state's first child welfare society. On November 17, 1902, with the help of Rev. D. W. Comstock and Jacksonville's city and religious leaders, The Children's Home Society of Florida (CHSFL) was established. The welfare of the child was the society's primary focus, making sure that if the family could not be preserved that the child was placed in a happy and healthy home.","\nThe CHSFL was developed as a non-profit organization, relying solely on donations from the community. Fund-raising efforts began as administrative duties were carried out in private homes around the city. The children were also were being cared for in private residences as there was not yet a home secured for the society to board its charges. The CHSFL committed itself to not only children but to babies who were not accepted until the age of three at state orphanages (Mahoney, 5). Money was tight for the society and within the first few years, the CHSFL found itself in deep debt. By September of 1910, the CHSFL was facing the possibility of ending operations when a new state superintendent for the society entered its doors. Marcus C. Fagg was just 24 when he took control of the CHSFL but within a few short months, he had already obtained funding to start his first appeals drive. Many in the society to this day believe that it was Marcus C. Fagg who saved the CHSFL from closing its doors and built it to the standards that society members and workers adhere to today. Fagg's compassion towards children also did not go unnoticed; from his early years with the CHSFL, many children he helped referred to him as \"Daddy\" Fagg as a token of their appreciation for finding them loving homes.","\nMarcus Fagg brought innovative solutions to a dire financial situation. Using land donated or sold at cost to the society, Fagg either rented or sold land at higher costs to turn a profit. Fagg also helped poor families by renting them homes at drastically reduced rental costs with an option to later buy the homes. Marcus Fagg helped dozens of poor families regain their footing while also helping the CHSFL emerge from a deep hole of financial debt.","\nThough Marcus Fagg began to save the society financially, the society still fell on hard times. The country became entangled in the agony of the Great Depression in the 1930s and the CHSFL suffered with the rest of the nation. The Miami receiving home was lost due to a lack of finances but was thankfully picked up and operated by the Junior League until 1936 when CHSFL was able to once again run the home. Marcus Fagg also made history in 1932 by becoming the first chairman of the new Florida State Welfare Board. Through the 1940s and 1950s, CHSFL was instrumental in securing rights and welfare laws for children nationwide. CHSFL was one of the founding members of the Child Welfare League of America and was one of the only societies in the country to handle state adoptions without the aid of a state agency. The society also saw rapid growth, thanks in part to the massive fund-raising performed by Marcus Fagg; several new division offices opened throughout the state, many of whom offered special services for children. CHSFL also began offering services to unwed mothers, further committing themselves to the family rather than just simply finding homes for children.","\nOne of the saddest moments for the CHSFL was the loss of their mentor and leader, Marcus C. \"Daddy\" Fagg in 1958. After Fagg's passing, newspapers throughout Florida ran headlines announcing the loss of a great state hero. Buried in a simple grave in Jacksonville, Florida, Fagg's life and legacy still serves as a reminder to the CHSFL of their continued effort to help abused and orphaned children in the state of Florida.","\nSegregation and integration played an important role for CHSFL in the 1960s as the society began caring for and adopting out African-American children from their receiving homes. Historically, the society took in mostly white children. As the Civil Rights movement grew in the 1960's, the society re-examined the scope of its adoption policies and began taking in and offering adoption services for the African-American community. This was a significant development both for the society and for the Civil Rights movement; African-American children were being given the same adoption services as white children at a time when the issue of race was dominant in society and politics. As the country rapidly changed, so did the society, offering for the first time services in schools for handicapped, delinquent, and abused children as well children living in racially mixed households. These services would grow and define the society through to the end of the 1990s.","\nJust three years into the new millennium and the society's second century of service, the CHSFL moved its headquarters from its birthplace in Jacksonville to more centrally located offices in Winter Park, Florida. Now over one hundred years old, the CHSFL offers fourteen divisions that serve the entire state of Florida."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Children's Home Society of Florida Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection processed by Ari Karlene Anderson; finding aid prepared by April Karlene Anderson and Katie Seeler. All paper materials have been placed in acid free folders and stored in archival containers. Some larger paper materials, such as maps and large photographs were also placed in acid free folders but are stored in archival flat files. Paper clips have been removed and replaced with plastic clips. In some cases, rusty staples have also been removed. Post-it notes have been moved to the edges of papers and copies have been made of more fragile materials such as news clippings. Photo blocks have been placed in archival trays, stored in separate bins to prevent them from scraping against one another. Any audio or visual media in cases were kept in their containers but placed collectively in archival boxes. Loose pages and items in the scrapbooks have been secured either with plastic clips or placed in archival folders and the entire book has been wrapped in acid free archival paper. Additional materials processed and integrated into the main collection by Suphi Burak Ogreten. Collection rehoused and container list revised by Asmara Cortes-Caba in 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Collection processed by Ari Karlene Anderson; finding aid prepared by April Karlene Anderson and Katie Seeler. All paper materials have been placed in acid free folders and stored in archival containers. Some larger paper materials, such as maps and large photographs were also placed in acid free folders but are stored in archival flat files. Paper clips have been removed and replaced with plastic clips. In some cases, rusty staples have also been removed. Post-it notes have been moved to the edges of papers and copies have been made of more fragile materials such as news clippings. Photo blocks have been placed in archival trays, stored in separate bins to prevent them from scraping against one another. Any audio or visual media in cases were kept in their containers but placed collectively in archival boxes. Loose pages and items in the scrapbooks have been secured either with plastic clips or placed in archival folders and the entire book has been wrapped in acid free archival paper. Additional materials processed and integrated into the main collection by Suphi Burak Ogreten. Collection rehoused and container list revised by Asmara Cortes-Caba in 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"https://uwf.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/350\"\u003eBlount Family papers\u003c/extref\u003e, University of West Florida University Archives and West Florida History Center, Pensacola, Florida. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdoption Records: This collection does not contain any records on adopted individuals or families from the Children's Home Society of Florida. However, the society does have the CHS Adoptions Archive Unit which is dedicated to the preservation and research of these records. They can be found at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.chsfl.org\"\u003ehttp://www.chsfl.org\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBooks:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeorgia Gertrude Ralph, \u003cextref href=\"https://ucf-flvc.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01FALSC_UCF/6a1ouu/alma990260914050306596\"\u003eElements of Record Keeping for Child-Helping Organizations\u003c/extref\u003e, (New York: The De Vinne Press, 1915.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLawrence Mahoney, \u003cextref href=\"https://ucf-flvc.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01FALSC_UCF/6a1ouu/alma990211238530306596\"\u003eChildren and hope : a history of the Children's Home Society of Florida\u003c/extref\u003e, (Miami: Pickering Press, 1987).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther Locations:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePensacola Historical Society's Historical Resource Center, 110 East Church Street, Pensacola, Florida 32502. Phone: (850) 434-5455 Website: \u003cextref href=\"http://www.pensacolahistory.org\"\u003ehttp://www.pensacolahistory.org\u003c/extref\u003e (Western Division).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFlorida Department of State, State Archives of Florida, R. A. Gray Building 500 South Bronough Street Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250. Website: \u003cextref href=\"https://dos.myflorida.com/library-archives/archives\"\u003ehttps://dos.myflorida.com/library-archives/archives\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Blount Family papers , University of West Florida University Archives and West Florida History Center, Pensacola, Florida. ","Adoption Records: This collection does not contain any records on adopted individuals or families from the Children's Home Society of Florida. However, the society does have the CHS Adoptions Archive Unit which is dedicated to the preservation and research of these records. They can be found at  http://www.chsfl.org .","Books:","Georgia Gertrude Ralph,  Elements of Record Keeping for Child-Helping Organizations , (New York: The De Vinne Press, 1915.)","Lawrence Mahoney,  Children and hope : a history of the Children's Home Society of Florida , (Miami: Pickering Press, 1987).","Other Locations:","Pensacola Historical Society's Historical Resource Center, 110 East Church Street, Pensacola, Florida 32502. Phone: (850) 434-5455 Website:  http://www.pensacolahistory.org  (Western Division).","Florida Department of State, State Archives of Florida, R. A. Gray Building 500 South Bronough Street Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250. Website:  https://dos.myflorida.com/library-archives/archives ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains personal and organizational papers, photographs, audio and visual materials, as well as ledgers and scrapbooks. The collection is arranged by both content and materials types and have been organized into the following series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I: Biographical Files, 1900-1991, contains the files of individuals who were instrumental in the creation and/or the operations of the Children's Home Society of Florida. Correspondence makes up the majority of this series as it show the creation of the society (Comstock, Harkins, Seaton), its resurrection (Fagg), and its continued operations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: State Organizational Files, 1886-2000, includes files that were used in the operations of the society as a whole. Financial documents, correspondence, reports, as well as the meeting minutes of the various committees that ran the society can be found in this series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Division Files, 1921-circa 1995, consists of files for local divisions located throughout the state. Some divisions are no longer in operation, having been closed completely or absorbed into another division. These older divisions can be found here in their original name. Meeting minutes for each division are also located here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997, holds both audio and visual media used by the Children's Home Society of Florida in promoting their society as well as raising funds.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Ledger and Scrapbooks, 1902-1978, includes miscellaneous ledger and scrapbooks created by the Children's Home Society of Florida. The ledger books vary in format but are generally are either inventory or accounting in nature. The scrapbooks are made up of five volumes, all created by workers at the Children's Home Society of Florida. News clippings make up the majority of the scrapbooks contents but some do contain publications made by the Children's Home Society of Florida. There are also four Rose Keller Home scrapbooks made by workers at the Rose Keller Division in Lakeland, Florida. The Rose Keller Home scrapbooks give a brief history of the division as well as chronicle events at the home.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Additional Materials, 1862-2012, holds additional materials received from the Children's Home Society of Florida including organizational files, ephemera, photographs and audio/visual materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains personal and organizational papers, photographs, audio and visual materials, as well as ledgers and scrapbooks. The collection is arranged by both content and materials types and have been organized into the following series:","\nSeries I: Biographical Files, 1900-1991, contains the files of individuals who were instrumental in the creation and/or the operations of the Children's Home Society of Florida. Correspondence makes up the majority of this series as it show the creation of the society (Comstock, Harkins, Seaton), its resurrection (Fagg), and its continued operations.","\nSeries II: State Organizational Files, 1886-2000, includes files that were used in the operations of the society as a whole. Financial documents, correspondence, reports, as well as the meeting minutes of the various committees that ran the society can be found in this series.","\nSeries III: Division Files, 1921-circa 1995, consists of files for local divisions located throughout the state. Some divisions are no longer in operation, having been closed completely or absorbed into another division. These older divisions can be found here in their original name. Meeting minutes for each division are also located here.","\nSeries IV: Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997, holds both audio and visual media used by the Children's Home Society of Florida in promoting their society as well as raising funds.","\nSeries V: Ledger and Scrapbooks, 1902-1978, includes miscellaneous ledger and scrapbooks created by the Children's Home Society of Florida. The ledger books vary in format but are generally are either inventory or accounting in nature. The scrapbooks are made up of five volumes, all created by workers at the Children's Home Society of Florida. News clippings make up the majority of the scrapbooks contents but some do contain publications made by the Children's Home Society of Florida. There are also four Rose Keller Home scrapbooks made by workers at the Rose Keller Division in Lakeland, Florida. The Rose Keller Home scrapbooks give a brief history of the division as well as chronicle events at the home.","\nSeries VI: Additional Materials, 1862-2012, holds additional materials received from the Children's Home Society of Florida including organizational files, ephemera, photographs and audio/visual materials."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Copyright Statement"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_116bbdee47170dbab5d0053b5cc9d529\"\u003eThe Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains organizational papers and ephemera that document the creation and operations of Florida's oldest non-profit adoption agency. The collection includes organizational papers from its state and local divisions, photographs, news clippings, audio and visual media, scrapbooks, and blueprints of the many receiving homes in the state, but does not contain adoption records. Adoption records remain at the CHSFL Adoption Archive and are available by contacting the society directly.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains organizational papers and ephemera that document the creation and operations of Florida's oldest non-profit adoption agency. The collection includes organizational papers from its state and local divisions, photographs, news clippings, audio and visual media, scrapbooks, and blueprints of the many receiving homes in the state, but does not contain adoption records. Adoption records remain at the CHSFL Adoption Archive and are available by contacting the society directly."],"names_coll_ssim":["Florida. Department of Children and Families","Child Welfare League of America","Florida. State Board of Public Welfare"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Children's Home Society of Florida","Florida. Department of Children and Families","Child Welfare League of America","Florida. State Board of Public Welfare"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Children's Home Society of Florida","Florida. Department of Children and Families","Child Welfare League of America","Florida. State Board of Public Welfare"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1225,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870857973089173504,"_root_":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:06:38.475Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_e861460aaafe819ffd8f5ec1234a2da5"}},{"id":"86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c_aspace_7014039b0c71f0e4f398e4ce44ebddf4","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Employee ledger 26, March 1926-November 1926","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c_aspace_7014039b0c71f0e4f398e4ce44ebddf4#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_7014039b0c71f0e4f398e4ce44ebddf4","ref_ssm":["aspace_7014039b0c71f0e4f398e4ce44ebddf4","aspace_7014039b0c71f0e4f398e4ce44ebddf4"],"id":"86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c_aspace_7014039b0c71f0e4f398e4ce44ebddf4","title_filing_ssi":"Employee ledger 26","title_ssm":["Employee ledger 26"],"title_tesim":["Employee ledger 26"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["March 1926-November 1926"],"normalized_date_ssm":["March 1926-November 1926"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Employee ledger 26, March 1926-November 1926"],"text":["Employee ledger 26, March 1926-November 1926","Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950","/repositories/4/archival_objects/17487","box 9"],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/4/archival_objects/17487"],"repository_ssim":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":9,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The Florida East Coast Railway Company Records are open for research. Indexes of some of the ledgers are available; consult with the BCL Special Collections staff for more information."],"date_range_isim":[1926],"containers_ssim":["box 9"],"_nest_path_":"/components#8","_nest_parent_":"86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c","_root_":"86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c","_version_":1870840818921635840,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T03:33:59.090Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c","title_filing_ssi":"Florida East Coast Railway Company Records","title_ssm":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records"],"title_tesim":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records"],"ead_ssi":"86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c","unitdate_ssm":["1886-1950"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1886-1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["BCHA.2003.7","/repositories/4/resources/354"],"text":["BCHA.2003.7","/repositories/4/resources/354","Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950","Railroads","Railroads--United States--Employees","Florida East Coast Railway","Florida Overseas Railroad","payroll records","The Florida East Coast Railway Company Records are open for research. Indexes of some of the ledgers are available; consult with the BCL Special Collections staff for more information.","The materials are in their original arrangement.","In 1885 Henry Flagler (1830-1913) began developing what would become the Florida East Coast Railway Company (FEC) in the St. Augustine area. On September 7, 1895, the name of Flagler's system was officially renamed from the Jacksonville, St. Augustine and Indian River Railway Company to the Florida East Coast Railway Company and incorporated. The railway reached Fort Lauderdale in March of 1896, Miami in April 1896 and Key West in 1912. The extension marked one of the most significant turning points in the development of Broward County and the rest of South Florida. The FEC remains in operation today.","In 1895 Henry Flagler hired Philemon Bryan (1844-1925) to supervise the 400 Black workers building the Florida East Coast Railway from Pompano to Miami, which he did with the help of his two sons, Tom Bryan (Thomas Murray Bryan, 1879-1969) and Reed Bryan (1878-1937). Many of Broward County's first permanent Black residents came to the area as workers on the FEC railway. Although many of them were independent employees, the FEC also used Black incarcerated workers from the convict release system.\nAfter the opening of the FEC railway, the majority of Broward County residents worked in some capacity in the agriculture industry. They worked as farmers, as field hands, as produce merchants, and in the produce-shipping industry. Aided by the FEC Railway, many of the early cities in the area became major sources of Florida's winter-season produce such as tomatoes, bell peppers, and green beans for the rest of the country. Dania, for example, was known as the \"Tomato Capital of the World,\" and Dania resident Martin C. Frost (1886-1965) was Florida's largest tomato farmer.","In the 1920s, the Land Boom in Palm Beach, Broward, and Dade Counties led the FEC to lay multiple additional tracks in South Florida, and the rails were changed from 20 pounds-to-the yard to 132 pounds-to-the yard, allowing higher-speed train shipments. During World War II, railway shipments greatly increased from the Great Depression levels in Florida, and South Florida's many military training centers, Naval yards, and military hospitals benefitted from the FEC's high passenger volume capacity.","The Key West extension of the railway, documented in the Payroll Ledgers, began in 1905 and was completed in 1912. During the project an estimated workforce of between 2,000 and 4,000 workers, depending on the year and season, administered and labored on the railroad. The Florida Overseas Railroad was in operation from 1912 until 1935, when it was partially destroyed by a hurricane. As a result, the FEC Railway Company sold the Overseas Railroad bridges and railroad bed to the State of Florida, and it became the foundation of the US 1 Overseas Highway for motor vehicle traffic.","This collection received item level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.","The Florida East Coast Railway Company Records consist of 22 ledgers of employee records dating from 1886 to 1950 and 4 payroll ledgers dating from 1909 to 1911, as well as two publications and a file of records regarding the FEC track extension in Dania.","The information provided in the employee ledgers dating from 1886 to 1950 includes employees' name, date of application, references, age, weight, height, complexion, color of hair, color of eyes, nationality, date of physical examinations and visual examinations, date of train rule examination, date they entered service, capacity or position, promotions, when they left employment and why they left, and remarks regarding their performance. These records detail the service of individual FEC employees throughout the state of Florida. ","The payroll ledgers dating from 1909 to 1911 are from the Key West extension of the railroad (known as the Florida Overseas Railroad). The ledgers show detailed information about the employee's pay rate and job title as well as the location or department that they worked in (examples include Accounting, Stewards Department, and various Mess departments, Dredge Babcock, Boot Key Harbor, and West Summerland).","The collection also includes a file of records regarding extension of the FEC track in Dania dating from 1938 to 1947, a 1937 edition of \"Highways of Florida\" by Walter H. McDonald, a souvenier \"FEC treated tissue for your eyeglasses\", and an \"Official Fort Lauderdale Apartment House Association Guide.\""," Broward County Historical Archives","Florida East Coast Railway","English"],"unitid_tesim":["BCHA.2003.7","/repositories/4/resources/354"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1886-1950"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950"],"collection_title_tesim":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950"],"collection_ssim":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950"],"repository_ssm":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Florida East Coast Railway"],"creator_ssim":["Florida East Coast Railway"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Florida East Coast Railway"],"creators_ssim":["Florida East Coast Railway"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Broward County Historical Commission purchased the materials from Wolf's Head Books on March 11, 2003 (Accession BCHA-2003.7)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Railroads","Railroads--United States--Employees","Florida East Coast Railway","Florida Overseas Railroad","payroll records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Railroads","Railroads--United States--Employees","Florida East Coast Railway","Florida Overseas Railroad","payroll records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["5 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["payroll records"],"date_range_isim":[1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Florida East Coast Railway Company Records are open for research. Indexes of some of the ledgers are available; consult with the BCL Special Collections staff for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The Florida East Coast Railway Company Records are open for research. Indexes of some of the ledgers are available; consult with the BCL Special Collections staff for more information."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials are in their original arrangement.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The materials are in their original arrangement."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1885 Henry Flagler (1830-1913) began developing what would become the Florida East Coast Railway Company (FEC) in the St. Augustine area. On September 7, 1895, the name of Flagler's system was officially renamed from the Jacksonville, St. Augustine and Indian River Railway Company to the Florida East Coast Railway Company and incorporated. The railway reached Fort Lauderdale in March of 1896, Miami in April 1896 and Key West in 1912. The extension marked one of the most significant turning points in the development of Broward County and the rest of South Florida. The FEC remains in operation today.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1895 Henry Flagler hired Philemon Bryan (1844-1925) to supervise the 400 Black workers building the Florida East Coast Railway from Pompano to Miami, which he did with the help of his two sons, Tom Bryan (Thomas Murray Bryan, 1879-1969) and Reed Bryan (1878-1937). Many of Broward County's first permanent Black residents came to the area as workers on the FEC railway. Although many of them were independent employees, the FEC also used Black incarcerated workers from the convict release system.\nAfter the opening of the FEC railway, the majority of Broward County residents worked in some capacity in the agriculture industry. They worked as farmers, as field hands, as produce merchants, and in the produce-shipping industry. Aided by the FEC Railway, many of the early cities in the area became major sources of Florida's winter-season produce such as tomatoes, bell peppers, and green beans for the rest of the country. Dania, for example, was known as the \"Tomato Capital of the World,\" and Dania resident Martin C. Frost (1886-1965) was Florida's largest tomato farmer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the 1920s, the Land Boom in Palm Beach, Broward, and Dade Counties led the FEC to lay multiple additional tracks in South Florida, and the rails were changed from 20 pounds-to-the yard to 132 pounds-to-the yard, allowing higher-speed train shipments. During World War II, railway shipments greatly increased from the Great Depression levels in Florida, and South Florida's many military training centers, Naval yards, and military hospitals benefitted from the FEC's high passenger volume capacity.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Key West extension of the railway, documented in the Payroll Ledgers, began in 1905 and was completed in 1912. During the project an estimated workforce of between 2,000 and 4,000 workers, depending on the year and season, administered and labored on the railroad. The Florida Overseas Railroad was in operation from 1912 until 1935, when it was partially destroyed by a hurricane. As a result, the FEC Railway Company sold the Overseas Railroad bridges and railroad bed to the State of Florida, and it became the foundation of the US 1 Overseas Highway for motor vehicle traffic.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1885 Henry Flagler (1830-1913) began developing what would become the Florida East Coast Railway Company (FEC) in the St. Augustine area. On September 7, 1895, the name of Flagler's system was officially renamed from the Jacksonville, St. Augustine and Indian River Railway Company to the Florida East Coast Railway Company and incorporated. The railway reached Fort Lauderdale in March of 1896, Miami in April 1896 and Key West in 1912. The extension marked one of the most significant turning points in the development of Broward County and the rest of South Florida. The FEC remains in operation today.","In 1895 Henry Flagler hired Philemon Bryan (1844-1925) to supervise the 400 Black workers building the Florida East Coast Railway from Pompano to Miami, which he did with the help of his two sons, Tom Bryan (Thomas Murray Bryan, 1879-1969) and Reed Bryan (1878-1937). Many of Broward County's first permanent Black residents came to the area as workers on the FEC railway. Although many of them were independent employees, the FEC also used Black incarcerated workers from the convict release system.\nAfter the opening of the FEC railway, the majority of Broward County residents worked in some capacity in the agriculture industry. They worked as farmers, as field hands, as produce merchants, and in the produce-shipping industry. Aided by the FEC Railway, many of the early cities in the area became major sources of Florida's winter-season produce such as tomatoes, bell peppers, and green beans for the rest of the country. Dania, for example, was known as the \"Tomato Capital of the World,\" and Dania resident Martin C. Frost (1886-1965) was Florida's largest tomato farmer.","In the 1920s, the Land Boom in Palm Beach, Broward, and Dade Counties led the FEC to lay multiple additional tracks in South Florida, and the rails were changed from 20 pounds-to-the yard to 132 pounds-to-the yard, allowing higher-speed train shipments. During World War II, railway shipments greatly increased from the Great Depression levels in Florida, and South Florida's many military training centers, Naval yards, and military hospitals benefitted from the FEC's high passenger volume capacity.","The Key West extension of the railway, documented in the Payroll Ledgers, began in 1905 and was completed in 1912. During the project an estimated workforce of between 2,000 and 4,000 workers, depending on the year and season, administered and labored on the railroad. The Florida Overseas Railroad was in operation from 1912 until 1935, when it was partially destroyed by a hurricane. As a result, the FEC Railway Company sold the Overseas Railroad bridges and railroad bed to the State of Florida, and it became the foundation of the US 1 Overseas Highway for motor vehicle traffic."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFlorida East Coast Railway Company Records (BCHA-2003.7), Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records (BCHA-2003.7), Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection received item level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection received item level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Florida East Coast Railway Company Records consist of 22 ledgers of employee records dating from 1886 to 1950 and 4 payroll ledgers dating from 1909 to 1911, as well as two publications and a file of records regarding the FEC track extension in Dania.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe information provided in the employee ledgers dating from 1886 to 1950 includes employees' name, date of application, references, age, weight, height, complexion, color of hair, color of eyes, nationality, date of physical examinations and visual examinations, date of train rule examination, date they entered service, capacity or position, promotions, when they left employment and why they left, and remarks regarding their performance. These records detail the service of individual FEC employees throughout the state of Florida. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe payroll ledgers dating from 1909 to 1911 are from the Key West extension of the railroad (known as the Florida Overseas Railroad). The ledgers show detailed information about the employee's pay rate and job title as well as the location or department that they worked in (examples include Accounting, Stewards Department, and various Mess departments, Dredge Babcock, Boot Key Harbor, and West Summerland).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also includes a file of records regarding extension of the FEC track in Dania dating from 1938 to 1947, a 1937 edition of \"Highways of Florida\" by Walter H. McDonald, a souvenier \"FEC treated tissue for your eyeglasses\", and an \"Official Fort Lauderdale Apartment House Association Guide.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Florida East Coast Railway Company Records consist of 22 ledgers of employee records dating from 1886 to 1950 and 4 payroll ledgers dating from 1909 to 1911, as well as two publications and a file of records regarding the FEC track extension in Dania.","The information provided in the employee ledgers dating from 1886 to 1950 includes employees' name, date of application, references, age, weight, height, complexion, color of hair, color of eyes, nationality, date of physical examinations and visual examinations, date of train rule examination, date they entered service, capacity or position, promotions, when they left employment and why they left, and remarks regarding their performance. These records detail the service of individual FEC employees throughout the state of Florida. ","The payroll ledgers dating from 1909 to 1911 are from the Key West extension of the railroad (known as the Florida Overseas Railroad). The ledgers show detailed information about the employee's pay rate and job title as well as the location or department that they worked in (examples include Accounting, Stewards Department, and various Mess departments, Dredge Babcock, Boot Key Harbor, and West Summerland).","The collection also includes a file of records regarding extension of the FEC track in Dania dating from 1938 to 1947, a 1937 edition of \"Highways of Florida\" by Walter H. McDonald, a souvenier \"FEC treated tissue for your eyeglasses\", and an \"Official Fort Lauderdale Apartment House Association Guide.\""],"names_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives","Florida East Coast Railway"],"corpname_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives","Florida East Coast Railway"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":30,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870840818921635840,"_root_":"86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c","timestamp":"2026-07-16T03:33:59.090Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c_aspace_7014039b0c71f0e4f398e4ce44ebddf4"}},{"id":"86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c_aspace_deb7d3d0446a36f67d8921fbffad4e94","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Employee ledger 30, January 1922-December 1939","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c_aspace_deb7d3d0446a36f67d8921fbffad4e94#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_deb7d3d0446a36f67d8921fbffad4e94","ref_ssm":["aspace_deb7d3d0446a36f67d8921fbffad4e94","aspace_deb7d3d0446a36f67d8921fbffad4e94"],"id":"86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c_aspace_deb7d3d0446a36f67d8921fbffad4e94","title_filing_ssi":"Employee ledger 30","title_ssm":["Employee ledger 30"],"title_tesim":["Employee ledger 30"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["January 1922-December 1939"],"normalized_date_ssm":["January 1922-December 1939"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Employee ledger 30, January 1922-December 1939"],"text":["Employee ledger 30, January 1922-December 1939","Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950","/repositories/4/archival_objects/17488","box 10"],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/4/archival_objects/17488"],"repository_ssim":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":10,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The Florida East Coast Railway Company Records are open for research. Indexes of some of the ledgers are available; consult with the BCL Special Collections staff for more information."],"date_range_isim":[1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939],"containers_ssim":["box 10"],"_nest_path_":"/components#9","_nest_parent_":"86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c","_root_":"86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c","_version_":1870840818921635840,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T03:33:59.090Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c","title_filing_ssi":"Florida East Coast Railway Company Records","title_ssm":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records"],"title_tesim":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records"],"ead_ssi":"86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c","unitdate_ssm":["1886-1950"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1886-1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["BCHA.2003.7","/repositories/4/resources/354"],"text":["BCHA.2003.7","/repositories/4/resources/354","Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950","Railroads","Railroads--United States--Employees","Florida East Coast Railway","Florida Overseas Railroad","payroll records","The Florida East Coast Railway Company Records are open for research. Indexes of some of the ledgers are available; consult with the BCL Special Collections staff for more information.","The materials are in their original arrangement.","In 1885 Henry Flagler (1830-1913) began developing what would become the Florida East Coast Railway Company (FEC) in the St. Augustine area. On September 7, 1895, the name of Flagler's system was officially renamed from the Jacksonville, St. Augustine and Indian River Railway Company to the Florida East Coast Railway Company and incorporated. The railway reached Fort Lauderdale in March of 1896, Miami in April 1896 and Key West in 1912. The extension marked one of the most significant turning points in the development of Broward County and the rest of South Florida. The FEC remains in operation today.","In 1895 Henry Flagler hired Philemon Bryan (1844-1925) to supervise the 400 Black workers building the Florida East Coast Railway from Pompano to Miami, which he did with the help of his two sons, Tom Bryan (Thomas Murray Bryan, 1879-1969) and Reed Bryan (1878-1937). Many of Broward County's first permanent Black residents came to the area as workers on the FEC railway. Although many of them were independent employees, the FEC also used Black incarcerated workers from the convict release system.\nAfter the opening of the FEC railway, the majority of Broward County residents worked in some capacity in the agriculture industry. They worked as farmers, as field hands, as produce merchants, and in the produce-shipping industry. Aided by the FEC Railway, many of the early cities in the area became major sources of Florida's winter-season produce such as tomatoes, bell peppers, and green beans for the rest of the country. Dania, for example, was known as the \"Tomato Capital of the World,\" and Dania resident Martin C. Frost (1886-1965) was Florida's largest tomato farmer.","In the 1920s, the Land Boom in Palm Beach, Broward, and Dade Counties led the FEC to lay multiple additional tracks in South Florida, and the rails were changed from 20 pounds-to-the yard to 132 pounds-to-the yard, allowing higher-speed train shipments. During World War II, railway shipments greatly increased from the Great Depression levels in Florida, and South Florida's many military training centers, Naval yards, and military hospitals benefitted from the FEC's high passenger volume capacity.","The Key West extension of the railway, documented in the Payroll Ledgers, began in 1905 and was completed in 1912. During the project an estimated workforce of between 2,000 and 4,000 workers, depending on the year and season, administered and labored on the railroad. The Florida Overseas Railroad was in operation from 1912 until 1935, when it was partially destroyed by a hurricane. As a result, the FEC Railway Company sold the Overseas Railroad bridges and railroad bed to the State of Florida, and it became the foundation of the US 1 Overseas Highway for motor vehicle traffic.","This collection received item level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.","The Florida East Coast Railway Company Records consist of 22 ledgers of employee records dating from 1886 to 1950 and 4 payroll ledgers dating from 1909 to 1911, as well as two publications and a file of records regarding the FEC track extension in Dania.","The information provided in the employee ledgers dating from 1886 to 1950 includes employees' name, date of application, references, age, weight, height, complexion, color of hair, color of eyes, nationality, date of physical examinations and visual examinations, date of train rule examination, date they entered service, capacity or position, promotions, when they left employment and why they left, and remarks regarding their performance. These records detail the service of individual FEC employees throughout the state of Florida. ","The payroll ledgers dating from 1909 to 1911 are from the Key West extension of the railroad (known as the Florida Overseas Railroad). The ledgers show detailed information about the employee's pay rate and job title as well as the location or department that they worked in (examples include Accounting, Stewards Department, and various Mess departments, Dredge Babcock, Boot Key Harbor, and West Summerland).","The collection also includes a file of records regarding extension of the FEC track in Dania dating from 1938 to 1947, a 1937 edition of \"Highways of Florida\" by Walter H. McDonald, a souvenier \"FEC treated tissue for your eyeglasses\", and an \"Official Fort Lauderdale Apartment House Association Guide.\""," Broward County Historical Archives","Florida East Coast Railway","English"],"unitid_tesim":["BCHA.2003.7","/repositories/4/resources/354"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1886-1950"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950"],"collection_title_tesim":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950"],"collection_ssim":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950"],"repository_ssm":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Florida East Coast Railway"],"creator_ssim":["Florida East Coast Railway"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Florida East Coast Railway"],"creators_ssim":["Florida East Coast Railway"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Broward County Historical Commission purchased the materials from Wolf's Head Books on March 11, 2003 (Accession BCHA-2003.7)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Railroads","Railroads--United States--Employees","Florida East Coast Railway","Florida Overseas Railroad","payroll records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Railroads","Railroads--United States--Employees","Florida East Coast Railway","Florida Overseas Railroad","payroll records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["5 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["payroll records"],"date_range_isim":[1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Florida East Coast Railway Company Records are open for research. Indexes of some of the ledgers are available; consult with the BCL Special Collections staff for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The Florida East Coast Railway Company Records are open for research. Indexes of some of the ledgers are available; consult with the BCL Special Collections staff for more information."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials are in their original arrangement.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The materials are in their original arrangement."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1885 Henry Flagler (1830-1913) began developing what would become the Florida East Coast Railway Company (FEC) in the St. Augustine area. On September 7, 1895, the name of Flagler's system was officially renamed from the Jacksonville, St. Augustine and Indian River Railway Company to the Florida East Coast Railway Company and incorporated. The railway reached Fort Lauderdale in March of 1896, Miami in April 1896 and Key West in 1912. The extension marked one of the most significant turning points in the development of Broward County and the rest of South Florida. The FEC remains in operation today.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1895 Henry Flagler hired Philemon Bryan (1844-1925) to supervise the 400 Black workers building the Florida East Coast Railway from Pompano to Miami, which he did with the help of his two sons, Tom Bryan (Thomas Murray Bryan, 1879-1969) and Reed Bryan (1878-1937). Many of Broward County's first permanent Black residents came to the area as workers on the FEC railway. Although many of them were independent employees, the FEC also used Black incarcerated workers from the convict release system.\nAfter the opening of the FEC railway, the majority of Broward County residents worked in some capacity in the agriculture industry. They worked as farmers, as field hands, as produce merchants, and in the produce-shipping industry. Aided by the FEC Railway, many of the early cities in the area became major sources of Florida's winter-season produce such as tomatoes, bell peppers, and green beans for the rest of the country. Dania, for example, was known as the \"Tomato Capital of the World,\" and Dania resident Martin C. Frost (1886-1965) was Florida's largest tomato farmer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the 1920s, the Land Boom in Palm Beach, Broward, and Dade Counties led the FEC to lay multiple additional tracks in South Florida, and the rails were changed from 20 pounds-to-the yard to 132 pounds-to-the yard, allowing higher-speed train shipments. During World War II, railway shipments greatly increased from the Great Depression levels in Florida, and South Florida's many military training centers, Naval yards, and military hospitals benefitted from the FEC's high passenger volume capacity.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Key West extension of the railway, documented in the Payroll Ledgers, began in 1905 and was completed in 1912. During the project an estimated workforce of between 2,000 and 4,000 workers, depending on the year and season, administered and labored on the railroad. The Florida Overseas Railroad was in operation from 1912 until 1935, when it was partially destroyed by a hurricane. As a result, the FEC Railway Company sold the Overseas Railroad bridges and railroad bed to the State of Florida, and it became the foundation of the US 1 Overseas Highway for motor vehicle traffic.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1885 Henry Flagler (1830-1913) began developing what would become the Florida East Coast Railway Company (FEC) in the St. Augustine area. On September 7, 1895, the name of Flagler's system was officially renamed from the Jacksonville, St. Augustine and Indian River Railway Company to the Florida East Coast Railway Company and incorporated. The railway reached Fort Lauderdale in March of 1896, Miami in April 1896 and Key West in 1912. The extension marked one of the most significant turning points in the development of Broward County and the rest of South Florida. The FEC remains in operation today.","In 1895 Henry Flagler hired Philemon Bryan (1844-1925) to supervise the 400 Black workers building the Florida East Coast Railway from Pompano to Miami, which he did with the help of his two sons, Tom Bryan (Thomas Murray Bryan, 1879-1969) and Reed Bryan (1878-1937). Many of Broward County's first permanent Black residents came to the area as workers on the FEC railway. Although many of them were independent employees, the FEC also used Black incarcerated workers from the convict release system.\nAfter the opening of the FEC railway, the majority of Broward County residents worked in some capacity in the agriculture industry. They worked as farmers, as field hands, as produce merchants, and in the produce-shipping industry. Aided by the FEC Railway, many of the early cities in the area became major sources of Florida's winter-season produce such as tomatoes, bell peppers, and green beans for the rest of the country. Dania, for example, was known as the \"Tomato Capital of the World,\" and Dania resident Martin C. Frost (1886-1965) was Florida's largest tomato farmer.","In the 1920s, the Land Boom in Palm Beach, Broward, and Dade Counties led the FEC to lay multiple additional tracks in South Florida, and the rails were changed from 20 pounds-to-the yard to 132 pounds-to-the yard, allowing higher-speed train shipments. During World War II, railway shipments greatly increased from the Great Depression levels in Florida, and South Florida's many military training centers, Naval yards, and military hospitals benefitted from the FEC's high passenger volume capacity.","The Key West extension of the railway, documented in the Payroll Ledgers, began in 1905 and was completed in 1912. During the project an estimated workforce of between 2,000 and 4,000 workers, depending on the year and season, administered and labored on the railroad. The Florida Overseas Railroad was in operation from 1912 until 1935, when it was partially destroyed by a hurricane. As a result, the FEC Railway Company sold the Overseas Railroad bridges and railroad bed to the State of Florida, and it became the foundation of the US 1 Overseas Highway for motor vehicle traffic."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFlorida East Coast Railway Company Records (BCHA-2003.7), Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records (BCHA-2003.7), Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection received item level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection received item level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Florida East Coast Railway Company Records consist of 22 ledgers of employee records dating from 1886 to 1950 and 4 payroll ledgers dating from 1909 to 1911, as well as two publications and a file of records regarding the FEC track extension in Dania.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe information provided in the employee ledgers dating from 1886 to 1950 includes employees' name, date of application, references, age, weight, height, complexion, color of hair, color of eyes, nationality, date of physical examinations and visual examinations, date of train rule examination, date they entered service, capacity or position, promotions, when they left employment and why they left, and remarks regarding their performance. These records detail the service of individual FEC employees throughout the state of Florida. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe payroll ledgers dating from 1909 to 1911 are from the Key West extension of the railroad (known as the Florida Overseas Railroad). The ledgers show detailed information about the employee's pay rate and job title as well as the location or department that they worked in (examples include Accounting, Stewards Department, and various Mess departments, Dredge Babcock, Boot Key Harbor, and West Summerland).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also includes a file of records regarding extension of the FEC track in Dania dating from 1938 to 1947, a 1937 edition of \"Highways of Florida\" by Walter H. McDonald, a souvenier \"FEC treated tissue for your eyeglasses\", and an \"Official Fort Lauderdale Apartment House Association Guide.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Florida East Coast Railway Company Records consist of 22 ledgers of employee records dating from 1886 to 1950 and 4 payroll ledgers dating from 1909 to 1911, as well as two publications and a file of records regarding the FEC track extension in Dania.","The information provided in the employee ledgers dating from 1886 to 1950 includes employees' name, date of application, references, age, weight, height, complexion, color of hair, color of eyes, nationality, date of physical examinations and visual examinations, date of train rule examination, date they entered service, capacity or position, promotions, when they left employment and why they left, and remarks regarding their performance. These records detail the service of individual FEC employees throughout the state of Florida. ","The payroll ledgers dating from 1909 to 1911 are from the Key West extension of the railroad (known as the Florida Overseas Railroad). The ledgers show detailed information about the employee's pay rate and job title as well as the location or department that they worked in (examples include Accounting, Stewards Department, and various Mess departments, Dredge Babcock, Boot Key Harbor, and West Summerland).","The collection also includes a file of records regarding extension of the FEC track in Dania dating from 1938 to 1947, a 1937 edition of \"Highways of Florida\" by Walter H. McDonald, a souvenier \"FEC treated tissue for your eyeglasses\", and an \"Official Fort Lauderdale Apartment House Association Guide.\""],"names_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives","Florida East Coast Railway"],"corpname_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives","Florida East Coast Railway"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":30,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870840818921635840,"_root_":"86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c","timestamp":"2026-07-16T03:33:59.090Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c_aspace_deb7d3d0446a36f67d8921fbffad4e94"}},{"id":"86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c_aspace_3a406928a31851ec53594d1c57a85b8c","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Employee ledger 31, March 1886-December 1946","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c_aspace_3a406928a31851ec53594d1c57a85b8c#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_3a406928a31851ec53594d1c57a85b8c","ref_ssm":["aspace_3a406928a31851ec53594d1c57a85b8c","aspace_3a406928a31851ec53594d1c57a85b8c"],"id":"86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c_aspace_3a406928a31851ec53594d1c57a85b8c","title_filing_ssi":"Employee ledger 31","title_ssm":["Employee ledger 31"],"title_tesim":["Employee ledger 31"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["March 1886-December 1946"],"normalized_date_ssm":["March 1886-December 1946"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Employee ledger 31, March 1886-December 1946"],"text":["Employee ledger 31, March 1886-December 1946","Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950","/repositories/4/archival_objects/17489","box 11"],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/4/archival_objects/17489"],"repository_ssim":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":11,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The Florida East Coast Railway Company Records are open for research. Indexes of some of the ledgers are available; consult with the BCL Special Collections staff for more information."],"date_range_isim":[1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946],"containers_ssim":["box 11"],"_nest_path_":"/components#10","_nest_parent_":"86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c","_root_":"86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c","_version_":1870840818921635840,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T03:33:59.090Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c","title_filing_ssi":"Florida East Coast Railway Company Records","title_ssm":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records"],"title_tesim":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records"],"ead_ssi":"86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c","unitdate_ssm":["1886-1950"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1886-1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["BCHA.2003.7","/repositories/4/resources/354"],"text":["BCHA.2003.7","/repositories/4/resources/354","Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950","Railroads","Railroads--United States--Employees","Florida East Coast Railway","Florida Overseas Railroad","payroll records","The Florida East Coast Railway Company Records are open for research. Indexes of some of the ledgers are available; consult with the BCL Special Collections staff for more information.","The materials are in their original arrangement.","In 1885 Henry Flagler (1830-1913) began developing what would become the Florida East Coast Railway Company (FEC) in the St. Augustine area. On September 7, 1895, the name of Flagler's system was officially renamed from the Jacksonville, St. Augustine and Indian River Railway Company to the Florida East Coast Railway Company and incorporated. The railway reached Fort Lauderdale in March of 1896, Miami in April 1896 and Key West in 1912. The extension marked one of the most significant turning points in the development of Broward County and the rest of South Florida. The FEC remains in operation today.","In 1895 Henry Flagler hired Philemon Bryan (1844-1925) to supervise the 400 Black workers building the Florida East Coast Railway from Pompano to Miami, which he did with the help of his two sons, Tom Bryan (Thomas Murray Bryan, 1879-1969) and Reed Bryan (1878-1937). Many of Broward County's first permanent Black residents came to the area as workers on the FEC railway. Although many of them were independent employees, the FEC also used Black incarcerated workers from the convict release system.\nAfter the opening of the FEC railway, the majority of Broward County residents worked in some capacity in the agriculture industry. They worked as farmers, as field hands, as produce merchants, and in the produce-shipping industry. Aided by the FEC Railway, many of the early cities in the area became major sources of Florida's winter-season produce such as tomatoes, bell peppers, and green beans for the rest of the country. Dania, for example, was known as the \"Tomato Capital of the World,\" and Dania resident Martin C. Frost (1886-1965) was Florida's largest tomato farmer.","In the 1920s, the Land Boom in Palm Beach, Broward, and Dade Counties led the FEC to lay multiple additional tracks in South Florida, and the rails were changed from 20 pounds-to-the yard to 132 pounds-to-the yard, allowing higher-speed train shipments. During World War II, railway shipments greatly increased from the Great Depression levels in Florida, and South Florida's many military training centers, Naval yards, and military hospitals benefitted from the FEC's high passenger volume capacity.","The Key West extension of the railway, documented in the Payroll Ledgers, began in 1905 and was completed in 1912. During the project an estimated workforce of between 2,000 and 4,000 workers, depending on the year and season, administered and labored on the railroad. The Florida Overseas Railroad was in operation from 1912 until 1935, when it was partially destroyed by a hurricane. As a result, the FEC Railway Company sold the Overseas Railroad bridges and railroad bed to the State of Florida, and it became the foundation of the US 1 Overseas Highway for motor vehicle traffic.","This collection received item level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.","The Florida East Coast Railway Company Records consist of 22 ledgers of employee records dating from 1886 to 1950 and 4 payroll ledgers dating from 1909 to 1911, as well as two publications and a file of records regarding the FEC track extension in Dania.","The information provided in the employee ledgers dating from 1886 to 1950 includes employees' name, date of application, references, age, weight, height, complexion, color of hair, color of eyes, nationality, date of physical examinations and visual examinations, date of train rule examination, date they entered service, capacity or position, promotions, when they left employment and why they left, and remarks regarding their performance. These records detail the service of individual FEC employees throughout the state of Florida. ","The payroll ledgers dating from 1909 to 1911 are from the Key West extension of the railroad (known as the Florida Overseas Railroad). The ledgers show detailed information about the employee's pay rate and job title as well as the location or department that they worked in (examples include Accounting, Stewards Department, and various Mess departments, Dredge Babcock, Boot Key Harbor, and West Summerland).","The collection also includes a file of records regarding extension of the FEC track in Dania dating from 1938 to 1947, a 1937 edition of \"Highways of Florida\" by Walter H. McDonald, a souvenier \"FEC treated tissue for your eyeglasses\", and an \"Official Fort Lauderdale Apartment House Association Guide.\""," Broward County Historical Archives","Florida East Coast Railway","English"],"unitid_tesim":["BCHA.2003.7","/repositories/4/resources/354"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1886-1950"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950"],"collection_title_tesim":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950"],"collection_ssim":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950"],"repository_ssm":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Florida East Coast Railway"],"creator_ssim":["Florida East Coast Railway"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Florida East Coast Railway"],"creators_ssim":["Florida East Coast Railway"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Broward County Historical Commission purchased the materials from Wolf's Head Books on March 11, 2003 (Accession BCHA-2003.7)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Railroads","Railroads--United States--Employees","Florida East Coast Railway","Florida Overseas Railroad","payroll records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Railroads","Railroads--United States--Employees","Florida East Coast Railway","Florida Overseas Railroad","payroll records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["5 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["payroll records"],"date_range_isim":[1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Florida East Coast Railway Company Records are open for research. Indexes of some of the ledgers are available; consult with the BCL Special Collections staff for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The Florida East Coast Railway Company Records are open for research. Indexes of some of the ledgers are available; consult with the BCL Special Collections staff for more information."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials are in their original arrangement.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The materials are in their original arrangement."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1885 Henry Flagler (1830-1913) began developing what would become the Florida East Coast Railway Company (FEC) in the St. Augustine area. On September 7, 1895, the name of Flagler's system was officially renamed from the Jacksonville, St. Augustine and Indian River Railway Company to the Florida East Coast Railway Company and incorporated. The railway reached Fort Lauderdale in March of 1896, Miami in April 1896 and Key West in 1912. The extension marked one of the most significant turning points in the development of Broward County and the rest of South Florida. The FEC remains in operation today.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1895 Henry Flagler hired Philemon Bryan (1844-1925) to supervise the 400 Black workers building the Florida East Coast Railway from Pompano to Miami, which he did with the help of his two sons, Tom Bryan (Thomas Murray Bryan, 1879-1969) and Reed Bryan (1878-1937). Many of Broward County's first permanent Black residents came to the area as workers on the FEC railway. Although many of them were independent employees, the FEC also used Black incarcerated workers from the convict release system.\nAfter the opening of the FEC railway, the majority of Broward County residents worked in some capacity in the agriculture industry. They worked as farmers, as field hands, as produce merchants, and in the produce-shipping industry. Aided by the FEC Railway, many of the early cities in the area became major sources of Florida's winter-season produce such as tomatoes, bell peppers, and green beans for the rest of the country. Dania, for example, was known as the \"Tomato Capital of the World,\" and Dania resident Martin C. Frost (1886-1965) was Florida's largest tomato farmer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the 1920s, the Land Boom in Palm Beach, Broward, and Dade Counties led the FEC to lay multiple additional tracks in South Florida, and the rails were changed from 20 pounds-to-the yard to 132 pounds-to-the yard, allowing higher-speed train shipments. During World War II, railway shipments greatly increased from the Great Depression levels in Florida, and South Florida's many military training centers, Naval yards, and military hospitals benefitted from the FEC's high passenger volume capacity.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Key West extension of the railway, documented in the Payroll Ledgers, began in 1905 and was completed in 1912. During the project an estimated workforce of between 2,000 and 4,000 workers, depending on the year and season, administered and labored on the railroad. The Florida Overseas Railroad was in operation from 1912 until 1935, when it was partially destroyed by a hurricane. As a result, the FEC Railway Company sold the Overseas Railroad bridges and railroad bed to the State of Florida, and it became the foundation of the US 1 Overseas Highway for motor vehicle traffic.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1885 Henry Flagler (1830-1913) began developing what would become the Florida East Coast Railway Company (FEC) in the St. Augustine area. On September 7, 1895, the name of Flagler's system was officially renamed from the Jacksonville, St. Augustine and Indian River Railway Company to the Florida East Coast Railway Company and incorporated. The railway reached Fort Lauderdale in March of 1896, Miami in April 1896 and Key West in 1912. The extension marked one of the most significant turning points in the development of Broward County and the rest of South Florida. The FEC remains in operation today.","In 1895 Henry Flagler hired Philemon Bryan (1844-1925) to supervise the 400 Black workers building the Florida East Coast Railway from Pompano to Miami, which he did with the help of his two sons, Tom Bryan (Thomas Murray Bryan, 1879-1969) and Reed Bryan (1878-1937). Many of Broward County's first permanent Black residents came to the area as workers on the FEC railway. Although many of them were independent employees, the FEC also used Black incarcerated workers from the convict release system.\nAfter the opening of the FEC railway, the majority of Broward County residents worked in some capacity in the agriculture industry. They worked as farmers, as field hands, as produce merchants, and in the produce-shipping industry. Aided by the FEC Railway, many of the early cities in the area became major sources of Florida's winter-season produce such as tomatoes, bell peppers, and green beans for the rest of the country. Dania, for example, was known as the \"Tomato Capital of the World,\" and Dania resident Martin C. Frost (1886-1965) was Florida's largest tomato farmer.","In the 1920s, the Land Boom in Palm Beach, Broward, and Dade Counties led the FEC to lay multiple additional tracks in South Florida, and the rails were changed from 20 pounds-to-the yard to 132 pounds-to-the yard, allowing higher-speed train shipments. During World War II, railway shipments greatly increased from the Great Depression levels in Florida, and South Florida's many military training centers, Naval yards, and military hospitals benefitted from the FEC's high passenger volume capacity.","The Key West extension of the railway, documented in the Payroll Ledgers, began in 1905 and was completed in 1912. During the project an estimated workforce of between 2,000 and 4,000 workers, depending on the year and season, administered and labored on the railroad. The Florida Overseas Railroad was in operation from 1912 until 1935, when it was partially destroyed by a hurricane. As a result, the FEC Railway Company sold the Overseas Railroad bridges and railroad bed to the State of Florida, and it became the foundation of the US 1 Overseas Highway for motor vehicle traffic."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFlorida East Coast Railway Company Records (BCHA-2003.7), Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records (BCHA-2003.7), Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection received item level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection received item level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Florida East Coast Railway Company Records consist of 22 ledgers of employee records dating from 1886 to 1950 and 4 payroll ledgers dating from 1909 to 1911, as well as two publications and a file of records regarding the FEC track extension in Dania.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe information provided in the employee ledgers dating from 1886 to 1950 includes employees' name, date of application, references, age, weight, height, complexion, color of hair, color of eyes, nationality, date of physical examinations and visual examinations, date of train rule examination, date they entered service, capacity or position, promotions, when they left employment and why they left, and remarks regarding their performance. These records detail the service of individual FEC employees throughout the state of Florida. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe payroll ledgers dating from 1909 to 1911 are from the Key West extension of the railroad (known as the Florida Overseas Railroad). The ledgers show detailed information about the employee's pay rate and job title as well as the location or department that they worked in (examples include Accounting, Stewards Department, and various Mess departments, Dredge Babcock, Boot Key Harbor, and West Summerland).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also includes a file of records regarding extension of the FEC track in Dania dating from 1938 to 1947, a 1937 edition of \"Highways of Florida\" by Walter H. McDonald, a souvenier \"FEC treated tissue for your eyeglasses\", and an \"Official Fort Lauderdale Apartment House Association Guide.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Florida East Coast Railway Company Records consist of 22 ledgers of employee records dating from 1886 to 1950 and 4 payroll ledgers dating from 1909 to 1911, as well as two publications and a file of records regarding the FEC track extension in Dania.","The information provided in the employee ledgers dating from 1886 to 1950 includes employees' name, date of application, references, age, weight, height, complexion, color of hair, color of eyes, nationality, date of physical examinations and visual examinations, date of train rule examination, date they entered service, capacity or position, promotions, when they left employment and why they left, and remarks regarding their performance. These records detail the service of individual FEC employees throughout the state of Florida. ","The payroll ledgers dating from 1909 to 1911 are from the Key West extension of the railroad (known as the Florida Overseas Railroad). The ledgers show detailed information about the employee's pay rate and job title as well as the location or department that they worked in (examples include Accounting, Stewards Department, and various Mess departments, Dredge Babcock, Boot Key Harbor, and West Summerland).","The collection also includes a file of records regarding extension of the FEC track in Dania dating from 1938 to 1947, a 1937 edition of \"Highways of Florida\" by Walter H. McDonald, a souvenier \"FEC treated tissue for your eyeglasses\", and an \"Official Fort Lauderdale Apartment House Association Guide.\""],"names_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives","Florida East Coast Railway"],"corpname_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives","Florida East Coast Railway"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":30,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870840818921635840,"_root_":"86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c","timestamp":"2026-07-16T03:33:59.090Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c_aspace_3a406928a31851ec53594d1c57a85b8c"}},{"id":"86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c_aspace_f8c84bd0ad7680a04b8e1e7af84a3bd0","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Employee ledger 32, March 1923-June 1943","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c_aspace_f8c84bd0ad7680a04b8e1e7af84a3bd0#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_f8c84bd0ad7680a04b8e1e7af84a3bd0","ref_ssm":["aspace_f8c84bd0ad7680a04b8e1e7af84a3bd0","aspace_f8c84bd0ad7680a04b8e1e7af84a3bd0"],"id":"86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c_aspace_f8c84bd0ad7680a04b8e1e7af84a3bd0","title_filing_ssi":"Employee ledger 32","title_ssm":["Employee ledger 32"],"title_tesim":["Employee ledger 32"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["March 1923-June 1943"],"normalized_date_ssm":["March 1923-June 1943"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Employee ledger 32, March 1923-June 1943"],"text":["Employee ledger 32, March 1923-June 1943","Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950","/repositories/4/archival_objects/17490","box 12"],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/4/archival_objects/17490"],"repository_ssim":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":12,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The Florida East Coast Railway Company Records are open for research. Indexes of some of the ledgers are available; consult with the BCL Special Collections staff for more information."],"date_range_isim":[1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943],"containers_ssim":["box 12"],"_nest_path_":"/components#11","_nest_parent_":"86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c","_root_":"86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c","_version_":1870840818921635840,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T03:33:59.090Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c","title_filing_ssi":"Florida East Coast Railway Company Records","title_ssm":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records"],"title_tesim":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records"],"ead_ssi":"86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c","unitdate_ssm":["1886-1950"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1886-1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["BCHA.2003.7","/repositories/4/resources/354"],"text":["BCHA.2003.7","/repositories/4/resources/354","Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950","Railroads","Railroads--United States--Employees","Florida East Coast Railway","Florida Overseas Railroad","payroll records","The Florida East Coast Railway Company Records are open for research. Indexes of some of the ledgers are available; consult with the BCL Special Collections staff for more information.","The materials are in their original arrangement.","In 1885 Henry Flagler (1830-1913) began developing what would become the Florida East Coast Railway Company (FEC) in the St. Augustine area. On September 7, 1895, the name of Flagler's system was officially renamed from the Jacksonville, St. Augustine and Indian River Railway Company to the Florida East Coast Railway Company and incorporated. The railway reached Fort Lauderdale in March of 1896, Miami in April 1896 and Key West in 1912. The extension marked one of the most significant turning points in the development of Broward County and the rest of South Florida. The FEC remains in operation today.","In 1895 Henry Flagler hired Philemon Bryan (1844-1925) to supervise the 400 Black workers building the Florida East Coast Railway from Pompano to Miami, which he did with the help of his two sons, Tom Bryan (Thomas Murray Bryan, 1879-1969) and Reed Bryan (1878-1937). Many of Broward County's first permanent Black residents came to the area as workers on the FEC railway. Although many of them were independent employees, the FEC also used Black incarcerated workers from the convict release system.\nAfter the opening of the FEC railway, the majority of Broward County residents worked in some capacity in the agriculture industry. They worked as farmers, as field hands, as produce merchants, and in the produce-shipping industry. Aided by the FEC Railway, many of the early cities in the area became major sources of Florida's winter-season produce such as tomatoes, bell peppers, and green beans for the rest of the country. Dania, for example, was known as the \"Tomato Capital of the World,\" and Dania resident Martin C. Frost (1886-1965) was Florida's largest tomato farmer.","In the 1920s, the Land Boom in Palm Beach, Broward, and Dade Counties led the FEC to lay multiple additional tracks in South Florida, and the rails were changed from 20 pounds-to-the yard to 132 pounds-to-the yard, allowing higher-speed train shipments. During World War II, railway shipments greatly increased from the Great Depression levels in Florida, and South Florida's many military training centers, Naval yards, and military hospitals benefitted from the FEC's high passenger volume capacity.","The Key West extension of the railway, documented in the Payroll Ledgers, began in 1905 and was completed in 1912. During the project an estimated workforce of between 2,000 and 4,000 workers, depending on the year and season, administered and labored on the railroad. The Florida Overseas Railroad was in operation from 1912 until 1935, when it was partially destroyed by a hurricane. As a result, the FEC Railway Company sold the Overseas Railroad bridges and railroad bed to the State of Florida, and it became the foundation of the US 1 Overseas Highway for motor vehicle traffic.","This collection received item level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.","The Florida East Coast Railway Company Records consist of 22 ledgers of employee records dating from 1886 to 1950 and 4 payroll ledgers dating from 1909 to 1911, as well as two publications and a file of records regarding the FEC track extension in Dania.","The information provided in the employee ledgers dating from 1886 to 1950 includes employees' name, date of application, references, age, weight, height, complexion, color of hair, color of eyes, nationality, date of physical examinations and visual examinations, date of train rule examination, date they entered service, capacity or position, promotions, when they left employment and why they left, and remarks regarding their performance. These records detail the service of individual FEC employees throughout the state of Florida. ","The payroll ledgers dating from 1909 to 1911 are from the Key West extension of the railroad (known as the Florida Overseas Railroad). The ledgers show detailed information about the employee's pay rate and job title as well as the location or department that they worked in (examples include Accounting, Stewards Department, and various Mess departments, Dredge Babcock, Boot Key Harbor, and West Summerland).","The collection also includes a file of records regarding extension of the FEC track in Dania dating from 1938 to 1947, a 1937 edition of \"Highways of Florida\" by Walter H. McDonald, a souvenier \"FEC treated tissue for your eyeglasses\", and an \"Official Fort Lauderdale Apartment House Association Guide.\""," Broward County Historical Archives","Florida East Coast Railway","English"],"unitid_tesim":["BCHA.2003.7","/repositories/4/resources/354"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1886-1950"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950"],"collection_title_tesim":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950"],"collection_ssim":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records, 1886-1950"],"repository_ssm":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Florida East Coast Railway"],"creator_ssim":["Florida East Coast Railway"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Florida East Coast Railway"],"creators_ssim":["Florida East Coast Railway"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Broward County Historical Commission purchased the materials from Wolf's Head Books on March 11, 2003 (Accession BCHA-2003.7)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Railroads","Railroads--United States--Employees","Florida East Coast Railway","Florida Overseas Railroad","payroll records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Railroads","Railroads--United States--Employees","Florida East Coast Railway","Florida Overseas Railroad","payroll records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["5 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["payroll records"],"date_range_isim":[1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Florida East Coast Railway Company Records are open for research. Indexes of some of the ledgers are available; consult with the BCL Special Collections staff for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The Florida East Coast Railway Company Records are open for research. Indexes of some of the ledgers are available; consult with the BCL Special Collections staff for more information."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials are in their original arrangement.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The materials are in their original arrangement."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1885 Henry Flagler (1830-1913) began developing what would become the Florida East Coast Railway Company (FEC) in the St. Augustine area. On September 7, 1895, the name of Flagler's system was officially renamed from the Jacksonville, St. Augustine and Indian River Railway Company to the Florida East Coast Railway Company and incorporated. The railway reached Fort Lauderdale in March of 1896, Miami in April 1896 and Key West in 1912. The extension marked one of the most significant turning points in the development of Broward County and the rest of South Florida. The FEC remains in operation today.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1895 Henry Flagler hired Philemon Bryan (1844-1925) to supervise the 400 Black workers building the Florida East Coast Railway from Pompano to Miami, which he did with the help of his two sons, Tom Bryan (Thomas Murray Bryan, 1879-1969) and Reed Bryan (1878-1937). Many of Broward County's first permanent Black residents came to the area as workers on the FEC railway. Although many of them were independent employees, the FEC also used Black incarcerated workers from the convict release system.\nAfter the opening of the FEC railway, the majority of Broward County residents worked in some capacity in the agriculture industry. They worked as farmers, as field hands, as produce merchants, and in the produce-shipping industry. Aided by the FEC Railway, many of the early cities in the area became major sources of Florida's winter-season produce such as tomatoes, bell peppers, and green beans for the rest of the country. Dania, for example, was known as the \"Tomato Capital of the World,\" and Dania resident Martin C. Frost (1886-1965) was Florida's largest tomato farmer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the 1920s, the Land Boom in Palm Beach, Broward, and Dade Counties led the FEC to lay multiple additional tracks in South Florida, and the rails were changed from 20 pounds-to-the yard to 132 pounds-to-the yard, allowing higher-speed train shipments. During World War II, railway shipments greatly increased from the Great Depression levels in Florida, and South Florida's many military training centers, Naval yards, and military hospitals benefitted from the FEC's high passenger volume capacity.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Key West extension of the railway, documented in the Payroll Ledgers, began in 1905 and was completed in 1912. During the project an estimated workforce of between 2,000 and 4,000 workers, depending on the year and season, administered and labored on the railroad. The Florida Overseas Railroad was in operation from 1912 until 1935, when it was partially destroyed by a hurricane. As a result, the FEC Railway Company sold the Overseas Railroad bridges and railroad bed to the State of Florida, and it became the foundation of the US 1 Overseas Highway for motor vehicle traffic.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1885 Henry Flagler (1830-1913) began developing what would become the Florida East Coast Railway Company (FEC) in the St. Augustine area. On September 7, 1895, the name of Flagler's system was officially renamed from the Jacksonville, St. Augustine and Indian River Railway Company to the Florida East Coast Railway Company and incorporated. The railway reached Fort Lauderdale in March of 1896, Miami in April 1896 and Key West in 1912. The extension marked one of the most significant turning points in the development of Broward County and the rest of South Florida. The FEC remains in operation today.","In 1895 Henry Flagler hired Philemon Bryan (1844-1925) to supervise the 400 Black workers building the Florida East Coast Railway from Pompano to Miami, which he did with the help of his two sons, Tom Bryan (Thomas Murray Bryan, 1879-1969) and Reed Bryan (1878-1937). Many of Broward County's first permanent Black residents came to the area as workers on the FEC railway. Although many of them were independent employees, the FEC also used Black incarcerated workers from the convict release system.\nAfter the opening of the FEC railway, the majority of Broward County residents worked in some capacity in the agriculture industry. They worked as farmers, as field hands, as produce merchants, and in the produce-shipping industry. Aided by the FEC Railway, many of the early cities in the area became major sources of Florida's winter-season produce such as tomatoes, bell peppers, and green beans for the rest of the country. Dania, for example, was known as the \"Tomato Capital of the World,\" and Dania resident Martin C. Frost (1886-1965) was Florida's largest tomato farmer.","In the 1920s, the Land Boom in Palm Beach, Broward, and Dade Counties led the FEC to lay multiple additional tracks in South Florida, and the rails were changed from 20 pounds-to-the yard to 132 pounds-to-the yard, allowing higher-speed train shipments. During World War II, railway shipments greatly increased from the Great Depression levels in Florida, and South Florida's many military training centers, Naval yards, and military hospitals benefitted from the FEC's high passenger volume capacity.","The Key West extension of the railway, documented in the Payroll Ledgers, began in 1905 and was completed in 1912. During the project an estimated workforce of between 2,000 and 4,000 workers, depending on the year and season, administered and labored on the railroad. The Florida Overseas Railroad was in operation from 1912 until 1935, when it was partially destroyed by a hurricane. As a result, the FEC Railway Company sold the Overseas Railroad bridges and railroad bed to the State of Florida, and it became the foundation of the US 1 Overseas Highway for motor vehicle traffic."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFlorida East Coast Railway Company Records (BCHA-2003.7), Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Florida East Coast Railway Company Records (BCHA-2003.7), Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection received item level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection received item level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Florida East Coast Railway Company Records consist of 22 ledgers of employee records dating from 1886 to 1950 and 4 payroll ledgers dating from 1909 to 1911, as well as two publications and a file of records regarding the FEC track extension in Dania.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe information provided in the employee ledgers dating from 1886 to 1950 includes employees' name, date of application, references, age, weight, height, complexion, color of hair, color of eyes, nationality, date of physical examinations and visual examinations, date of train rule examination, date they entered service, capacity or position, promotions, when they left employment and why they left, and remarks regarding their performance. These records detail the service of individual FEC employees throughout the state of Florida. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe payroll ledgers dating from 1909 to 1911 are from the Key West extension of the railroad (known as the Florida Overseas Railroad). The ledgers show detailed information about the employee's pay rate and job title as well as the location or department that they worked in (examples include Accounting, Stewards Department, and various Mess departments, Dredge Babcock, Boot Key Harbor, and West Summerland).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also includes a file of records regarding extension of the FEC track in Dania dating from 1938 to 1947, a 1937 edition of \"Highways of Florida\" by Walter H. McDonald, a souvenier \"FEC treated tissue for your eyeglasses\", and an \"Official Fort Lauderdale Apartment House Association Guide.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Florida East Coast Railway Company Records consist of 22 ledgers of employee records dating from 1886 to 1950 and 4 payroll ledgers dating from 1909 to 1911, as well as two publications and a file of records regarding the FEC track extension in Dania.","The information provided in the employee ledgers dating from 1886 to 1950 includes employees' name, date of application, references, age, weight, height, complexion, color of hair, color of eyes, nationality, date of physical examinations and visual examinations, date of train rule examination, date they entered service, capacity or position, promotions, when they left employment and why they left, and remarks regarding their performance. These records detail the service of individual FEC employees throughout the state of Florida. ","The payroll ledgers dating from 1909 to 1911 are from the Key West extension of the railroad (known as the Florida Overseas Railroad). The ledgers show detailed information about the employee's pay rate and job title as well as the location or department that they worked in (examples include Accounting, Stewards Department, and various Mess departments, Dredge Babcock, Boot Key Harbor, and West Summerland).","The collection also includes a file of records regarding extension of the FEC track in Dania dating from 1938 to 1947, a 1937 edition of \"Highways of Florida\" by Walter H. McDonald, a souvenier \"FEC treated tissue for your eyeglasses\", and an \"Official Fort Lauderdale Apartment House Association Guide.\""],"names_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives","Florida East Coast Railway"],"corpname_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives","Florida East Coast Railway"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":30,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870840818921635840,"_root_":"86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c","timestamp":"2026-07-16T03:33:59.090Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/86f8c75db5b6d896cc51e76c_aspace_f8c84bd0ad7680a04b8e1e7af84a3bd0"}},{"id":"17ec102ff08bd100785127f3_aspace_9d9cfdd75a2e6d96802eaa27a557f612","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Empty Envelopes, Circa 1920-2004","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/17ec102ff08bd100785127f3_aspace_9d9cfdd75a2e6d96802eaa27a557f612#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_9d9cfdd75a2e6d96802eaa27a557f612","ref_ssm":["aspace_9d9cfdd75a2e6d96802eaa27a557f612","aspace_9d9cfdd75a2e6d96802eaa27a557f612"],"id":"17ec102ff08bd100785127f3_aspace_9d9cfdd75a2e6d96802eaa27a557f612","title_filing_ssi":"Empty Envelopes","title_ssm":["Empty Envelopes"],"title_tesim":["Empty Envelopes"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 1920-2004"],"normalized_date_ssm":["Circa 1920-2004"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Empty Envelopes, Circa 1920-2004"],"text":["Empty Envelopes, Circa 1920-2004","Denis Lomax Collection, Circa 1900-2000","Series: II Personal Papers","Correspondence","General Correspondence","/repositories/4/archival_objects/108","box 12","folder 89"],"component_level_isim":[4],"parent_ids_ssim":["17ec102ff08bd100785127f3","17ec102ff08bd100785127f3_aspace_26edb72735d8e06a50d403959b153c87","17ec102ff08bd100785127f3_aspace_322ff3e42464ca8d3bac4ae477b5d7a1","17ec102ff08bd100785127f3_aspace_29343735d362379f659ced7e4bd61d5f"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Denis Lomax Collection, Circa 1900-2000","Series: II Personal Papers","Correspondence","General Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Denis Lomax Collection, Circa 1900-2000","Series: II Personal Papers","Correspondence","General Correspondence"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries","Subgroup"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/4/archival_objects/108"],"repository_ssim":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Denis Lomax Collection, Circa 1900-2000"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":108,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The Denis Lomax Collection is open for research."],"date_range_isim":[1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004],"containers_ssim":["box 12","folder 89"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#0/components#5/components#2","_nest_parent_":"17ec102ff08bd100785127f3_aspace_29343735d362379f659ced7e4bd61d5f","_root_":"17ec102ff08bd100785127f3","timestamp":"2026-04-21T01:44:00.846Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"17ec102ff08bd100785127f3","title_filing_ssi":"Lomax, Denis Collection","title_ssm":["Denis Lomax Collection"],"title_tesim":["Denis Lomax Collection"],"ead_ssi":"17ec102ff08bd100785127f3","unitdate_ssm":["Circa 1900-2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 1900-2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["BCHA.2019.1","/repositories/4/resources/1"],"text":["BCHA.2019.1","/repositories/4/resources/1","Denis Lomax Collection, Circa 1900-2000","The Denis Lomax Collection is open for research.","The Denis Lomax collection is organized into two series: I. Photographs and II. Personal Papers.","Cornelius Louis André Roosevelt (Andre Roosevelt), was born on April 24, 1879. He was the son of Cornelius Roosevelt sr. (1847–1902), and Anna Roosevelt. Cornelius Roosevelt sr. (1847–1902) was a cousin of U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt (1858-1919). Andre Roosevelt was an Olympic athlete, filmmaker and entrepreneur. He played multiple sports and won the gold medal in the 1900 Olympic Games for his performance in Rugby. In 1905, Andre Roosevelt married Adelheid Lange (1880-1962) and they had a daughter named Leila Roosevelt (1906-1976). Between 1928 and 1930, Andre Roosevelt, along with daughter Leila Roosevelt and son-in-law Armand Denis, traveled to Bali, Indonesia to produce and film Goona Goona (Love Powder), which premiered to audiences in 1932. Andre Roosevelt also managed a hotel in  Haiti named Ibo Lele. In his later life, Andre divorced from Adelheid Lange Roosevelt and had a second marriage to Alice La Fontant. Andre Roosevelt died on July 21, 1962 in Haiti.","Adelheid Lange Roosevelt was born on October 23, 1880 in St. Louis, Missouri to Mathilde Follenius Lange and William C. Lange. William C. Lange, was a German chemist and banker. Adelheid was an architect and became one of the first women to earn a degree in architecture at the Zurich Polytechnic Institute in Switzerland. She worked with St. Louis architect Theodore Link for four years before marrying Andre Roosevelt. Adelheid was also a cubist artist and sculptor who exhibited her work in galleries including the Modern Gallery in New York City, New York. Adelheid Lange Roosevelt died on February 15, 1962 in Thompson, Connecticut. ","Leila Roosevelt was born on July 9, 1906 in St. Louis, Missouri to Adelheid Lange and Andre Roosevelt. She was a director, screenwriter and filmmaker. Leila worked with, and accompanied her husband, Armand Denis and father Andre Roosevelt on multiple expeditions around the world including Bali, Indonesia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. She also traveled on her own, completing an around the world by truck expedition with associate and mechanic Edna Olmstead. Leila Roosevelt and Armand Denis had four children: Renee, Armand jr., David, and Heidi Denis. Armand Denis and Leila later divorced and she married William Westley. Leila Roosevelt died in 1976. ","Armand Georges Denis was born on December 2, 1896 to Belgian parents in Brussels, Belgium. He was a filmmaker, writer and magazine editor. He traveled, and worked with Andre Roosevelt on the film, Goona Goona (Love Powder) (1932). Armand Denis and Leila Roosevelt also traveled to North Africa as well as the Democratic Republic of the Congo, to film a documentary sponsored by Belgian King Leopold III entitled Wheels of Africa (1936). They also produced the film Dark Rapture (Magie Africaine) (1938) based on their travels to the Congo. The couple also founded the Anthropoid Ape Research Foundation in Dania Beach, Florida. The chimpanzees on the farm were used for medical research and attracted tourists. Armand Denis and Leila Roosevelt divorced and Armand later married Michaela Holdsworth. In 1963 Denis became editor of a magazine entitled Animals which later became BBC Wildlife. Armand Denis died on April 15, 1971.  ","The Denis Lomax collection consists of photographs, photograph negatives, scrapbooks, printed materials, correspondence and writings that document the lives of filmmakers Leila Roosevelt and Armand Denis as well as their families. The collection contains materials related to Leila Roosevelt's parents, filmmaker, entrepreneur and sportsman Cornelius Louis André Roosevelt (Andre Roosevelt), as well as architect and artist Adelheid Lange Roosevelt. The collection highlights Leila Roosevelt and Armand Denis's travels and film productions such as the documentary film based on the Democratic Republic of the Congo entitled Dark Rapture (Magie Africaine) (1938) and a film based in Bali, Indonesia entitled Goona Goona (Love Powder) (1932). Materials documenting the Anthropoid Ape Research foundation in Dania Beach, Florida, founded by Leila Roosevelt and Armand Denis, along with personal papers of their families are also included in this collection."," Broward County Historical Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["BCHA.2019.1","/repositories/4/resources/1"],"normalized_date_ssm":["Circa 1900-2000"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Denis Lomax Collection, Circa 1900-2000"],"collection_title_tesim":["Denis Lomax Collection, Circa 1900-2000"],"collection_ssim":["Denis Lomax Collection, Circa 1900-2000"],"repository_ssm":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Denis Lomax collection was donated as a gift by Denis Lomax, grandson of Leila Roosevelt and Armand Denis."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9.97 Linear Feet (16 Hollinger boxes and 1 folio)"],"extent_tesim":["9.97 Linear Feet (16 Hollinger boxes and 1 folio)"],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Denis Lomax Collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The Denis Lomax Collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Denis Lomax collection is organized into two series: I. Photographs and II. Personal Papers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Denis Lomax collection is organized into two series: I. Photographs and II. Personal Papers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCornelius Louis Andr\u0026#xE9; Roosevelt (Andre Roosevelt), was born on April 24, 1879. He was the son of Cornelius Roosevelt sr. (1847\u0026#x2013;1902), and Anna Roosevelt. Cornelius Roosevelt sr. (1847\u0026#x2013;1902) was a cousin of U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt (1858-1919). Andre Roosevelt was an Olympic athlete, filmmaker and entrepreneur. He played multiple sports and won the gold medal in the 1900 Olympic Games for his performance in Rugby. In 1905, Andre Roosevelt married Adelheid Lange (1880-1962) and they had a daughter named Leila Roosevelt (1906-1976). Between 1928 and 1930, Andre Roosevelt, along with daughter Leila Roosevelt and son-in-law Armand Denis, traveled to Bali, Indonesia to produce and film Goona Goona (Love Powder), which premiered to audiences in 1932. Andre Roosevelt also managed a hotel in  Haiti named Ibo Lele. In his later life, Andre divorced from Adelheid Lange Roosevelt and had a second marriage to Alice La Fontant. Andre Roosevelt died on July 21, 1962 in Haiti.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdelheid Lange Roosevelt was born on October 23, 1880 in St. Louis, Missouri to Mathilde Follenius Lange and William C. Lange. William C. Lange, was a German chemist and banker. Adelheid was an architect and became one of the first women to earn a degree in architecture at the Zurich Polytechnic Institute in Switzerland. She worked with St. Louis architect Theodore Link for four years before marrying Andre Roosevelt. Adelheid was also a cubist artist and sculptor who exhibited her work in galleries including the Modern Gallery in New York City, New York. Adelheid Lange Roosevelt died on February 15, 1962 in Thompson, Connecticut. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLeila Roosevelt was born on July 9, 1906 in St. Louis, Missouri to Adelheid Lange and Andre Roosevelt. She was a director, screenwriter and filmmaker. Leila worked with, and accompanied her husband, Armand Denis and father Andre Roosevelt on multiple expeditions around the world including Bali, Indonesia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. She also traveled on her own, completing an around the world by truck expedition with associate and mechanic Edna Olmstead. Leila Roosevelt and Armand Denis had four children: Renee, Armand jr., David, and Heidi Denis. Armand Denis and Leila later divorced and she married William Westley. Leila Roosevelt died in 1976. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eArmand Georges Denis was born on December 2, 1896 to Belgian parents in Brussels, Belgium. He was a filmmaker, writer and magazine editor. He traveled, and worked with Andre Roosevelt on the film, Goona Goona (Love Powder) (1932). Armand Denis and Leila Roosevelt also traveled to North Africa as well as the Democratic Republic of the Congo, to film a documentary sponsored by Belgian King Leopold III entitled Wheels of Africa (1936). They also produced the film Dark Rapture (Magie Africaine) (1938) based on their travels to the Congo. The couple also founded the Anthropoid Ape Research Foundation in Dania Beach, Florida. The chimpanzees on the farm were used for medical research and attracted tourists. Armand Denis and Leila Roosevelt divorced and Armand later married Michaela Holdsworth. In 1963 Denis became editor of a magazine entitled Animals which later became BBC Wildlife. Armand Denis died on April 15, 1971.  \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Cornelius Louis André Roosevelt (Andre Roosevelt), was born on April 24, 1879. He was the son of Cornelius Roosevelt sr. (1847–1902), and Anna Roosevelt. Cornelius Roosevelt sr. (1847–1902) was a cousin of U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt (1858-1919). Andre Roosevelt was an Olympic athlete, filmmaker and entrepreneur. He played multiple sports and won the gold medal in the 1900 Olympic Games for his performance in Rugby. In 1905, Andre Roosevelt married Adelheid Lange (1880-1962) and they had a daughter named Leila Roosevelt (1906-1976). Between 1928 and 1930, Andre Roosevelt, along with daughter Leila Roosevelt and son-in-law Armand Denis, traveled to Bali, Indonesia to produce and film Goona Goona (Love Powder), which premiered to audiences in 1932. Andre Roosevelt also managed a hotel in  Haiti named Ibo Lele. In his later life, Andre divorced from Adelheid Lange Roosevelt and had a second marriage to Alice La Fontant. Andre Roosevelt died on July 21, 1962 in Haiti.","Adelheid Lange Roosevelt was born on October 23, 1880 in St. Louis, Missouri to Mathilde Follenius Lange and William C. Lange. William C. Lange, was a German chemist and banker. Adelheid was an architect and became one of the first women to earn a degree in architecture at the Zurich Polytechnic Institute in Switzerland. She worked with St. Louis architect Theodore Link for four years before marrying Andre Roosevelt. Adelheid was also a cubist artist and sculptor who exhibited her work in galleries including the Modern Gallery in New York City, New York. Adelheid Lange Roosevelt died on February 15, 1962 in Thompson, Connecticut. ","Leila Roosevelt was born on July 9, 1906 in St. Louis, Missouri to Adelheid Lange and Andre Roosevelt. She was a director, screenwriter and filmmaker. Leila worked with, and accompanied her husband, Armand Denis and father Andre Roosevelt on multiple expeditions around the world including Bali, Indonesia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. She also traveled on her own, completing an around the world by truck expedition with associate and mechanic Edna Olmstead. Leila Roosevelt and Armand Denis had four children: Renee, Armand jr., David, and Heidi Denis. Armand Denis and Leila later divorced and she married William Westley. Leila Roosevelt died in 1976. ","Armand Georges Denis was born on December 2, 1896 to Belgian parents in Brussels, Belgium. He was a filmmaker, writer and magazine editor. He traveled, and worked with Andre Roosevelt on the film, Goona Goona (Love Powder) (1932). Armand Denis and Leila Roosevelt also traveled to North Africa as well as the Democratic Republic of the Congo, to film a documentary sponsored by Belgian King Leopold III entitled Wheels of Africa (1936). They also produced the film Dark Rapture (Magie Africaine) (1938) based on their travels to the Congo. The couple also founded the Anthropoid Ape Research Foundation in Dania Beach, Florida. The chimpanzees on the farm were used for medical research and attracted tourists. Armand Denis and Leila Roosevelt divorced and Armand later married Michaela Holdsworth. In 1963 Denis became editor of a magazine entitled Animals which later became BBC Wildlife. Armand Denis died on April 15, 1971.  "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDenis Lomax Collection, Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Denis Lomax Collection, Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Denis Lomax collection consists of photographs, photograph negatives, scrapbooks, printed materials, correspondence and writings that document the lives of filmmakers Leila Roosevelt and Armand Denis as well as their families. The collection contains materials related to Leila Roosevelt's parents, filmmaker, entrepreneur and sportsman Cornelius Louis Andr\u0026#xE9; Roosevelt (Andre Roosevelt), as well as architect and artist Adelheid Lange Roosevelt. The collection highlights Leila Roosevelt and Armand Denis's travels and film productions such as the documentary film based on the Democratic Republic of the Congo entitled Dark Rapture (Magie Africaine) (1938) and a film based in Bali, Indonesia entitled Goona Goona (Love Powder) (1932). Materials documenting the Anthropoid Ape Research foundation in Dania Beach, Florida, founded by Leila Roosevelt and Armand Denis, along with personal papers of their families are also included in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Denis Lomax collection consists of photographs, photograph negatives, scrapbooks, printed materials, correspondence and writings that document the lives of filmmakers Leila Roosevelt and Armand Denis as well as their families. The collection contains materials related to Leila Roosevelt's parents, filmmaker, entrepreneur and sportsman Cornelius Louis André Roosevelt (Andre Roosevelt), as well as architect and artist Adelheid Lange Roosevelt. The collection highlights Leila Roosevelt and Armand Denis's travels and film productions such as the documentary film based on the Democratic Republic of the Congo entitled Dark Rapture (Magie Africaine) (1938) and a film based in Bali, Indonesia entitled Goona Goona (Love Powder) (1932). Materials documenting the Anthropoid Ape Research foundation in Dania Beach, Florida, founded by Leila Roosevelt and Armand Denis, along with personal papers of their families are also included in this collection."],"names_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives"],"corpname_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":128,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"17ec102ff08bd100785127f3","timestamp":"2026-04-21T01:44:00.846Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/17ec102ff08bd100785127f3_aspace_9d9cfdd75a2e6d96802eaa27a557f612"}},{"id":"e9b679c8ef2471d028ea2a70_aspace_0787db98be4c2b8dfd682e42d2fdf722","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Enclosures/Correspondence, 1912-2001","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/e9b679c8ef2471d028ea2a70_aspace_0787db98be4c2b8dfd682e42d2fdf722#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains correspondence letters between Arvilla J. Catharine and Dave Nelson (Archival Assistant) in regard to the Norman Conway Benson collection. Such correspondences include descriptions of the scrapbooks that are enclosed in the collection, as well as the identification of initially unidentifiable individuals in photos.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/e9b679c8ef2471d028ea2a70_aspace_0787db98be4c2b8dfd682e42d2fdf722#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_0787db98be4c2b8dfd682e42d2fdf722","ref_ssm":["aspace_0787db98be4c2b8dfd682e42d2fdf722","aspace_0787db98be4c2b8dfd682e42d2fdf722"],"id":"e9b679c8ef2471d028ea2a70_aspace_0787db98be4c2b8dfd682e42d2fdf722","title_filing_ssi":"Enclosures/Correspondence","title_ssm":["Enclosures/Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Enclosures/Correspondence"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1912-2001"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1912-2001"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Enclosures/Correspondence, 1912-2001"],"text":["Enclosures/Correspondence, 1912-2001","Norman Conway Benson collection, 1943-1947, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19","001","/repositories/10/archival_objects/179469","00.0101 - Box 1","folder 001","This folder contains correspondence letters between Arvilla J. Catharine and Dave Nelson (Archival Assistant) in regard to the Norman Conway Benson collection. Such correspondences include descriptions of the scrapbooks that are enclosed in the collection, as well as the identification of initially unidentifiable individuals in photos."],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["e9b679c8ef2471d028ea2a70"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Norman Conway Benson collection, 1943-1947, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Norman Conway Benson collection, 1943-1947, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["001","/repositories/10/archival_objects/179469"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Norman Conway Benson collection, 1943-1947, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"date_range_isim":[1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001],"containers_ssim":["00.0101 - Box 1","folder 001"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains correspondence letters between Arvilla J. Catharine and Dave Nelson (Archival Assistant) in regard to the Norman Conway Benson collection. Such correspondences include descriptions of the scrapbooks that are enclosed in the collection, as well as the identification of initially unidentifiable individuals in photos.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This folder contains correspondence letters between Arvilla J. Catharine and Dave Nelson (Archival Assistant) in regard to the Norman Conway Benson collection. Such correspondences include descriptions of the scrapbooks that are enclosed in the collection, as well as the identification of initially unidentifiable individuals in photos."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","_nest_parent_":"e9b679c8ef2471d028ea2a70","_root_":"e9b679c8ef2471d028ea2a70","timestamp":"2026-04-21T05:35:55.966Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"e9b679c8ef2471d028ea2a70","title_filing_ssi":"Benson, Norman Conway Collection","title_ssm":["Norman Conway Benson collection"],"title_tesim":["Norman Conway Benson collection"],"ead_ssi":"e9b679c8ef2471d028ea2a70","unitdate_ssm":["1943-1947","Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1943-1947"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["00.0101","/repositories/10/resources/1508"],"text":["00.0101","/repositories/10/resources/1508","Norman Conway Benson collection, 1943-1947, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19","Hollandia (Netherlands New Guinea)","World War, 1939-1945--Philippines","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Philippines--Luzon","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Philippines--Manila","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--New Guinea","This collection is open to all researchers.","Norman Conway Benson was born on November 20, 1924 in Iron Mountain, Michigan to Delbert Benson and Lillian Benson. He grew up in Iron Mountain, MI. Benson was drafted into the U.S. Army in 1944 as a Technician 5th Grade and served with Company A, 1st Battalion, General Headquarters, United States Army Forces Pacific in the Philippine Islands (PTO) in 1944 and 1946. Benson received his Honorable Discharge on January 18, 1946. After his service, Benson returned to the upper Peninsula of Michigan and attended college at the Michigan College of Mining and Technology in Houghton, where he received a degree in engineering. He worked for Ford Motor Company and then Westinghouse in Lima, Ohio, where he was living during his retirement. Benson married his second wife, Yolanda Benson and moved to Texas until his death. Benson passed away on Decemamber 22, 1994 in El Paso, TX.","This collection relates to Technician 5th Grade Norman Conway Benson who served with Company A, 1st Battalion, General Headquarters, United States Army Forces Pacific during World War II. The collection includes the contents of two scrapbooks, letters, government and identification information, and additional photographs during Norman Conway Benson's time serving the Army in the Philippines in 1944 and 1946. The letters and photographs originate from Norman Conway Benson's family, friends, and wartime girlfriend, Barbara Louise Howard. Photographs in the collection include family, friends, and Benson's time spent in the Philippines, Leyte, Luzon, Hollandia, New Guinea, and Canada. Additional identification information of Benson's mother, Lillian Benson is included in the collection.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Benson, Norman Conway, 1924-1994","MacArthur, Douglas, 1880-1964","English"],"unitid_tesim":["00.0101","/repositories/10/resources/1508"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1943-1947, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Norman Conway Benson collection, 1943-1947, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"collection_title_tesim":["Norman Conway Benson collection, 1943-1947, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"collection_ssim":["Norman Conway Benson collection, 1943-1947, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Hollandia (Netherlands New Guinea)"],"geogname_ssim":["Hollandia (Netherlands New Guinea)"],"creator_ssm":["Benson, Norman Conway, 1924-1994"],"creator_ssim":["Benson, Norman Conway, 1924-1994"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Benson, Norman Conway, 1924-1994"],"creators_ssim":["Benson, Norman Conway, 1924-1994"],"places_ssim":["Hollandia (Netherlands New Guinea)"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--Philippines","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Philippines--Luzon","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Philippines--Manila","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--New Guinea"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945--Philippines","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Philippines--Luzon","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Philippines--Manila","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--New Guinea"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".75 Linear Feet 1 half box and 1 quarter box"],"extent_tesim":[".75 Linear Feet 1 half box and 1 quarter box"],"date_range_isim":[1943,1944,1945,1946,1947],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNorman Conway Benson was born on November 20, 1924 in Iron Mountain, Michigan to Delbert Benson and Lillian Benson. He grew up in Iron Mountain, MI. Benson was drafted into the U.S. Army in 1944 as a Technician 5th Grade and served with Company A, 1st Battalion, General Headquarters, United States Army Forces Pacific in the Philippine Islands (PTO) in 1944 and 1946. Benson received his Honorable Discharge on January 18, 1946. After his service, Benson returned to the upper Peninsula of Michigan and attended college at the Michigan College of Mining and Technology in Houghton, where he received a degree in engineering. He worked for Ford Motor Company and then Westinghouse in Lima, Ohio, where he was living during his retirement. Benson married his second wife, Yolanda Benson and moved to Texas until his death. Benson passed away on Decemamber 22, 1994 in El Paso, TX.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Norman Conway Benson was born on November 20, 1924 in Iron Mountain, Michigan to Delbert Benson and Lillian Benson. He grew up in Iron Mountain, MI. Benson was drafted into the U.S. Army in 1944 as a Technician 5th Grade and served with Company A, 1st Battalion, General Headquarters, United States Army Forces Pacific in the Philippine Islands (PTO) in 1944 and 1946. Benson received his Honorable Discharge on January 18, 1946. After his service, Benson returned to the upper Peninsula of Michigan and attended college at the Michigan College of Mining and Technology in Houghton, where he received a degree in engineering. He worked for Ford Motor Company and then Westinghouse in Lima, Ohio, where he was living during his retirement. Benson married his second wife, Yolanda Benson and moved to Texas until his death. Benson passed away on Decemamber 22, 1994 in El Paso, TX."],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Norman Conway Benson collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_00_0001\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_00_0001\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Norman Conway Benson collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_00_0001"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Technician 5th Grade Norman Conway Benson who served with Company A, 1st Battalion, General Headquarters, United States Army Forces Pacific during World War II. The collection includes the contents of two scrapbooks, letters, government and identification information, and additional photographs during Norman Conway Benson's time serving the Army in the Philippines in 1944 and 1946. The letters and photographs originate from Norman Conway Benson's family, friends, and wartime girlfriend, Barbara Louise Howard. Photographs in the collection include family, friends, and Benson's time spent in the Philippines, Leyte, Luzon, Hollandia, New Guinea, and Canada. Additional identification information of Benson's mother, Lillian Benson is included in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to Technician 5th Grade Norman Conway Benson who served with Company A, 1st Battalion, General Headquarters, United States Army Forces Pacific during World War II. The collection includes the contents of two scrapbooks, letters, government and identification information, and additional photographs during Norman Conway Benson's time serving the Army in the Philippines in 1944 and 1946. The letters and photographs originate from Norman Conway Benson's family, friends, and wartime girlfriend, Barbara Louise Howard. Photographs in the collection include family, friends, and Benson's time spent in the Philippines, Leyte, Luzon, Hollandia, New Guinea, and Canada. Additional identification information of Benson's mother, Lillian Benson is included in the collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Benson, Norman Conway, 1924-1994","MacArthur, Douglas, 1880-1964"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["MacArthur, Douglas, 1880-1964"],"persname_ssim":["Benson, Norman Conway, 1924-1994","MacArthur, Douglas, 1880-1964"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":24,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"e9b679c8ef2471d028ea2a70","timestamp":"2026-04-21T05:35:55.966Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/e9b679c8ef2471d028ea2a70_aspace_0787db98be4c2b8dfd682e42d2fdf722"}},{"id":"a3eabcc4094ea8e02f42af5b_aspace_6609","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Enterprise, Education, and Economics in Florida Collection of Speeches, Circa 1926","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/a3eabcc4094ea8e02f42af5b_aspace_6609#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_6609","ref_ssm":["aspace_6609","aspace_6609"],"id":"a3eabcc4094ea8e02f42af5b_aspace_6609","title_filing_ssi":"Enterprise, Education, and Economics in Florida Collection of Speeches","title_ssm":["Enterprise, Education, and Economics in Florida Collection of Speeches"],"title_tesim":["Enterprise, Education, and Economics in Florida Collection of Speeches"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Circa 1926"],"normalized_date_ssm":["Circa 1926"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Enterprise, Education, and Economics in Florida Collection of Speeches, Circa 1926"],"text":["Enterprise, Education, and Economics in Florida Collection of Speeches, Circa 1926","Florida Ephemera collection, circa 1813-2007","Subject Files, 1831-2005","Business and Industry, 1926-1983","Item 2","/repositories/4/archival_objects/13062","box 14","folder 1"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["a3eabcc4094ea8e02f42af5b","a3eabcc4094ea8e02f42af5b_aspace_6500","a3eabcc4094ea8e02f42af5b_aspace_6596"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Florida Ephemera collection, circa 1813-2007","Subject Files, 1831-2005","Business and Industry, 1926-1983"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Florida Ephemera collection, circa 1813-2007","Subject Files, 1831-2005","Business and Industry, 1926-1983"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","File"],"unitid_ssm":["Item 2","/repositories/4/archival_objects/13062"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Florida Ephemera collection, circa 1813-2007"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":887,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1926],"containers_ssim":["box 14","folder 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#3/components#8","_nest_parent_":"a3eabcc4094ea8e02f42af5b_aspace_6596","_root_":"a3eabcc4094ea8e02f42af5b","_version_":1876384024848498688,"timestamp":"2026-09-15T08:00:52.198Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"a3eabcc4094ea8e02f42af5b","title_ssm":["Florida Ephemera collection"],"title_tesim":["Florida Ephemera collection"],"ead_ssi":"a3eabcc4094ea8e02f42af5b","unitdate_ssm":["circa 1813-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1813-2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.032","/repositories/4/resources/60"],"text":["SC.032","/repositories/4/resources/60","Florida Ephemera collection, circa 1813-2007","Florida","Florida -- Politics and government","Orlando (Fla.)","Agriculture -- Florida","Business -- Florida","Gardening -- Florida","Parks -- Florida","Tourism","The entire collection is open for research.","The collection is divided into three series, Geographic Files, Artifacts and Subject Files. Geographic Files are arranged in three subseries, Central, North and South Florida, with Central Florida organized alphabetically by county. General information about a region begins each subseries, followed by cities and counties that have a high volume of information. Subject Files are arranged alphabetically.","Thomas and Georgine Mickler ran a small publishing company, Mickler House, and a thriving mail-order business, Mickler's Antiquarian Books, out of their Chuluota home for almost 40 years. The Mickler's focused on tracing out-of-print publications about Florida and ultimately collected more than 40,000 books and other historical pieces of paper memorabilia that filled their home. Thomas Mickler was a native Floridian but Georgine was born in Chicago. She moved to Orlando in 1961, and they married the following year. Both of them lived until they were 84 years old; Thomas died in 1997 and Georgine died a year later.","Collection processed by Jessica Achberger; finding aid prepared by Jessica Achberger and Jeffrey Baumiller.","This collection was processed by both geographic area and subject matter. Materials related to a specific location within Florida were divided out, while materials related to Florida as a whole were separated into specific subject matter. All materials are foldered, with special attention being paid to newspaper clippings and delicate manuscript materials. Sheets of acid free paper were put between clippings, and some materials have been sleeved for preservation.","Other materials collected by the Micklers are held in the University of Central Florida Libraries Special Collections and University Archives, and other collections provide information about Florida. For a complete list of collections please consult the  Special Collections \u0026 University Archives  website.","The Florida Ephemera Collection consists of materials about or produced in Florida collected by Thomas and Georgine Mickler through their mail-order business, Mickler's Antiquarian Books, as well as additional purchases made by the University of Central Florida Libraries Special Collections. These materials are all related in some way to Florida, either geographically or through the subject matter.","\nSeries I: Geographic Files, circa 1813-2007 contain tourism brochures, information on local historical societies, local business advertisements and newspaper clippings related to the different geographic areas of Florida, loosely divided into Central, North and South Florida. Some information may also be found in a Subject file; however, generally the Subject Files consist of information about Florida as a whole.","\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1831-2005 consist of booklets and brochures, newspaper and journal articles, business cards and advertisements, and periodicals related to Florida, arranged by subject alphabetically. Topics include Agricultural Literature, Arts and Humanities, Gardening Literature, History, Politics and Government, Real Estate and Development, State Parks and Historical Markers, Tourism, and Wildlife.","Series III: Artifacts, Undated, 1971, contains larger items that pertain to geographical and subject files \nconcerning Florida. Included thus far are a cork mat depicting Bok Tower and a bottle commemorating \nthe Apollo 14 mission.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","The Florida Ephemera Collection is a collection of brochures, advertisements and news clippings documenting the history of Florida. Although the collection includes information about Florida as a whole, it focuses on the Central Florida area, and Orlando in particular. The collection contains information about most aspects of life in Florida including business and industry, real estate and development, tourism and wildlife.","UCF Special Collections","Mickler, Thomas, 1912-1997","Mickler, Georgine, 1914-1998","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC.032","/repositories/4/resources/60"],"normalized_date_ssm":["circa 1813-2007"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Florida Ephemera collection, circa 1813-2007"],"collection_title_tesim":["Florida Ephemera collection, circa 1813-2007"],"collection_ssim":["Florida Ephemera collection, circa 1813-2007"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Florida","Florida -- Politics and government","Orlando (Fla.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Florida","Florida -- Politics and government","Orlando (Fla.)"],"creator_ssm":["Mickler, Thomas, 1912-1997","Mickler, Georgine, 1914-1998"],"creator_ssim":["Mickler, Thomas, 1912-1997","Mickler, Georgine, 1914-1998"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Mickler, Thomas, 1912-1997","Mickler, Georgine, 1914-1998"],"creators_ssim":["Mickler, Thomas, 1912-1997","Mickler, Georgine, 1914-1998"],"places_ssim":["Florida","Florida -- Politics and government","Orlando (Fla.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The ephemera was mostly collected by Thomas and Georgine Mickler of Micklers Antiquarian Books. These materials were purchased by the University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives in 1999 (CFM1999_06). Ephemera from a variety of sources will continue to be purchased to create a collection relevant to Florida's history."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Agriculture -- Florida","Business -- Florida","Gardening -- Florida","Parks -- Florida","Tourism"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Agriculture -- Florida","Business -- Florida","Gardening -- Florida","Parks -- Florida","Tourism"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13 Linear Feet 26 Boxes, 1 Flat File"],"extent_tesim":["13 Linear Feet 26 Boxes, 1 Flat File"],"date_range_isim":[1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into three series, Geographic Files, Artifacts and Subject Files. Geographic Files are arranged in three subseries, Central, North and South Florida, with Central Florida organized alphabetically by county. General information about a region begins each subseries, followed by cities and counties that have a high volume of information. Subject Files are arranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into three series, Geographic Files, Artifacts and Subject Files. Geographic Files are arranged in three subseries, Central, North and South Florida, with Central Florida organized alphabetically by county. General information about a region begins each subseries, followed by cities and counties that have a high volume of information. Subject Files are arranged alphabetically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThomas and Georgine Mickler ran a small publishing company, Mickler House, and a thriving mail-order business, Mickler's Antiquarian Books, out of their Chuluota home for almost 40 years. The Mickler's focused on tracing out-of-print publications about Florida and ultimately collected more than 40,000 books and other historical pieces of paper memorabilia that filled their home. Thomas Mickler was a native Floridian but Georgine was born in Chicago. She moved to Orlando in 1961, and they married the following year. Both of them lived until they were 84 years old; Thomas died in 1997 and Georgine died a year later.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Thomas and Georgine Mickler ran a small publishing company, Mickler House, and a thriving mail-order business, Mickler's Antiquarian Books, out of their Chuluota home for almost 40 years. The Mickler's focused on tracing out-of-print publications about Florida and ultimately collected more than 40,000 books and other historical pieces of paper memorabilia that filled their home. Thomas Mickler was a native Floridian but Georgine was born in Chicago. She moved to Orlando in 1961, and they married the following year. Both of them lived until they were 84 years old; Thomas died in 1997 and Georgine died a year later."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFlorida Ephemera Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Florida Ephemera Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection processed by Jessica Achberger; finding aid prepared by Jessica Achberger and Jeffrey Baumiller.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection was processed by both geographic area and subject matter. Materials related to a specific location within Florida were divided out, while materials related to Florida as a whole were separated into specific subject matter. All materials are foldered, with special attention being paid to newspaper clippings and delicate manuscript materials. Sheets of acid free paper were put between clippings, and some materials have been sleeved for preservation.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Collection processed by Jessica Achberger; finding aid prepared by Jessica Achberger and Jeffrey Baumiller.","This collection was processed by both geographic area and subject matter. Materials related to a specific location within Florida were divided out, while materials related to Florida as a whole were separated into specific subject matter. All materials are foldered, with special attention being paid to newspaper clippings and delicate manuscript materials. Sheets of acid free paper were put between clippings, and some materials have been sleeved for preservation."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOther materials collected by the Micklers are held in the University of Central Florida Libraries Special Collections and University Archives, and other collections provide information about Florida. For a complete list of collections please consult the \u003cextref href=\"http://library.ucf.edu/about/departments/special-collections-university-archives/\"\u003eSpecial Collections \u0026amp; University Archives\u003c/extref\u003e website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Other materials collected by the Micklers are held in the University of Central Florida Libraries Special Collections and University Archives, and other collections provide information about Florida. For a complete list of collections please consult the  Special Collections \u0026 University Archives  website."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Florida Ephemera Collection consists of materials about or produced in Florida collected by Thomas and Georgine Mickler through their mail-order business, Mickler's Antiquarian Books, as well as additional purchases made by the University of Central Florida Libraries Special Collections. These materials are all related in some way to Florida, either geographically or through the subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I: Geographic Files, circa 1813-2007 contain tourism brochures, information on local historical societies, local business advertisements and newspaper clippings related to the different geographic areas of Florida, loosely divided into Central, North and South Florida. Some information may also be found in a Subject file; however, generally the Subject Files consist of information about Florida as a whole.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1831-2005 consist of booklets and brochures, newspaper and journal articles, business cards and advertisements, and periodicals related to Florida, arranged by subject alphabetically. Topics include Agricultural Literature, Arts and Humanities, Gardening Literature, History, Politics and Government, Real Estate and Development, State Parks and Historical Markers, Tourism, and Wildlife.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Artifacts, Undated, 1971, contains larger items that pertain to geographical and subject files \nconcerning Florida. Included thus far are a cork mat depicting Bok Tower and a bottle commemorating \nthe Apollo 14 mission.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Florida Ephemera Collection consists of materials about or produced in Florida collected by Thomas and Georgine Mickler through their mail-order business, Mickler's Antiquarian Books, as well as additional purchases made by the University of Central Florida Libraries Special Collections. These materials are all related in some way to Florida, either geographically or through the subject matter.","\nSeries I: Geographic Files, circa 1813-2007 contain tourism brochures, information on local historical societies, local business advertisements and newspaper clippings related to the different geographic areas of Florida, loosely divided into Central, North and South Florida. Some information may also be found in a Subject file; however, generally the Subject Files consist of information about Florida as a whole.","\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1831-2005 consist of booklets and brochures, newspaper and journal articles, business cards and advertisements, and periodicals related to Florida, arranged by subject alphabetically. Topics include Agricultural Literature, Arts and Humanities, Gardening Literature, History, Politics and Government, Real Estate and Development, State Parks and Historical Markers, Tourism, and Wildlife.","Series III: Artifacts, Undated, 1971, contains larger items that pertain to geographical and subject files \nconcerning Florida. Included thus far are a cork mat depicting Bok Tower and a bottle commemorating \nthe Apollo 14 mission."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_64c3d62675ae88c59d40c8d1db049bf2\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Florida Ephemera Collection is a collection of brochures, advertisements and news clippings documenting the history of Florida. Although the collection includes information about Florida as a whole, it focuses on the Central Florida area, and Orlando in particular. The collection contains information about most aspects of life in Florida including business and industry, real estate and development, tourism and wildlife.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Florida Ephemera Collection is a collection of brochures, advertisements and news clippings documenting the history of Florida. Although the collection includes information about Florida as a whole, it focuses on the Central Florida area, and Orlando in particular. The collection contains information about most aspects of life in Florida including business and industry, real estate and development, tourism and wildlife."],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Mickler, Thomas, 1912-1997","Mickler, Georgine, 1914-1998"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Mickler, Thomas, 1912-1997","Mickler, Georgine, 1914-1998"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1479,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1876384024848498688,"_root_":"a3eabcc4094ea8e02f42af5b","timestamp":"2026-09-15T08:00:52.198Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/a3eabcc4094ea8e02f42af5b_aspace_6609"}},{"id":"2bb3983b5e939fe12a4bfbd3_aspace_58d9255857a56260d80a5db53f73ae59","type":"Drawer","attributes":{"title":"Entertainment and Playbills, bulk 1842-2003","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/2bb3983b5e939fe12a4bfbd3_aspace_58d9255857a56260d80a5db53f73ae59#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["This collection consists of broadsides and playbills advertising various perfomances, including minstrel shows and silent films."],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/2bb3983b5e939fe12a4bfbd3_aspace_58d9255857a56260d80a5db53f73ae59#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_58d9255857a56260d80a5db53f73ae59","ref_ssm":["aspace_58d9255857a56260d80a5db53f73ae59","aspace_58d9255857a56260d80a5db53f73ae59"],"id":"2bb3983b5e939fe12a4bfbd3_aspace_58d9255857a56260d80a5db53f73ae59","title_filing_ssi":"Entertainment and Playbills ","title_ssm":["Entertainment and Playbills "],"title_tesim":["Entertainment and Playbills "],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1842-2003"],"normalized_date_ssm":["bulk 1842-2003"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Entertainment and Playbills, bulk 1842-2003"],"text":["Entertainment and Playbills, bulk 1842-2003","Non-Florida Broadsides and Printed Ephemera, bulk 1743-2003","Folder 9 ","/repositories/2/archival_objects/180824","Playbills","Playbills -- New York (State) -- New York","English Spanish; Castilian German","case 7","The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","This collection consists of broadsides and playbills advertising various perfomances, including minstrel shows and silent films.","Map case 7, drawer 8"],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["2bb3983b5e939fe12a4bfbd3"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Non-Florida Broadsides and Printed Ephemera, bulk 1743-2003"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Non-Florida Broadsides and Printed Ephemera, bulk 1743-2003"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 9 ","/repositories/2/archival_objects/180824"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Non-Florida Broadsides and Printed Ephemera, bulk 1743-2003"],"extent_ssm":["1 folders"],"extent_tesim":["1 folders"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Drawer"],"level_ssim":["Drawer"],"sort_isi":9,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"date_range_isim":[1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"access_subjects_ssim":["Playbills","Playbills -- New York (State) -- New York"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Playbills","Playbills -- New York (State) -- New York"],"language_ssim":["English Spanish; Castilian German"],"containers_ssim":["case 7"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_5839b536f958822abcb52aea91fdc3a1\"\u003eThis collection consists of broadsides and playbills advertising various perfomances, including minstrel shows and silent films.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of broadsides and playbills advertising various perfomances, including minstrel shows and silent films."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_145eff5aabeded8363c0817822cb5e2a\"\u003eMap case 7, drawer 8\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Map case 7, drawer 8"],"_nest_path_":"/components#8","_nest_parent_":"2bb3983b5e939fe12a4bfbd3","_root_":"2bb3983b5e939fe12a4bfbd3","_version_":1874033256746188800,"timestamp":"2026-08-20T09:16:25.049Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"2bb3983b5e939fe12a4bfbd3","title_ssm":["Non-Florida Broadsides and Printed Ephemera"],"title_tesim":["Non-Florida Broadsides and Printed Ephemera"],"ead_ssi":"2bb3983b5e939fe12a4bfbd3","unitdate_ssm":["1743-2003"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1743-2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-1962-02","/repositories/2/resources/75"],"text":["MS-1962-02","/repositories/2/resources/75","Non-Florida Broadsides and Printed Ephemera, bulk 1743-2003","Holidays","Poetry","Flags","Religion.","Metaphysics","Restaurants","Advertisements","World's Columbian Exposition (1893 : Chicago, Ill.).","Children's literature","Children -- Posters","Indigenous peoples -- North America","Graphic design (Typography) -- History","Political cartoons","Encyclopedias","Children's literature -- Illustrations","Documents in this collection are arranged by topic.","This collection contains assorted over-sized illustrations and graphics for a number of topics not related to Florida history.","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","Map case 7, drawer 8","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","English Dutch; Flemish Spanish; Castilian French German"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-1962-02","/repositories/2/resources/75"],"normalized_date_ssm":["bulk 1743-2003"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Non-Florida Broadsides and Printed Ephemera, bulk 1743-2003"],"collection_title_tesim":["Non-Florida Broadsides and Printed Ephemera, bulk 1743-2003"],"collection_ssim":["Non-Florida Broadsides and Printed Ephemera, bulk 1743-2003"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Holidays"],"geogname_ssim":["Holidays"],"places_ssim":["Holidays"],"access_terms_ssm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Poetry","Flags","Religion.","Metaphysics","Restaurants","Advertisements","World's Columbian Exposition (1893 : Chicago, Ill.).","Children's literature","Children -- Posters","Indigenous peoples -- North America","Graphic design (Typography) -- History","Political cartoons","Encyclopedias","Children's literature -- Illustrations"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Poetry","Flags","Religion.","Metaphysics","Restaurants","Advertisements","World's Columbian Exposition (1893 : Chicago, Ill.).","Children's literature","Children -- Posters","Indigenous peoples -- North America","Graphic design (Typography) -- History","Political cartoons","Encyclopedias","Children's literature -- Illustrations"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["7.00 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Political cartoons","Encyclopedias","Children's literature -- Illustrations"],"date_range_isim":[1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDocuments in this collection are arranged by topic.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Documents in this collection are arranged by topic."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains assorted over-sized illustrations and graphics for a number of topics not related to Florida history.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains assorted over-sized illustrations and graphics for a number of topics not related to Florida history."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0;The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f37dbf0249c5bb2614427617c6ed21e4\"\u003eMap case 7, drawer 8\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Map case 7, drawer 8"],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["English Dutch; Flemish Spanish; Castilian French German"],"descrules_ssm":["other_unmapped"],"total_component_count_is":18,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1874033256746188800,"_root_":"2bb3983b5e939fe12a4bfbd3","timestamp":"2026-08-20T09:16:25.049Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/2bb3983b5e939fe12a4bfbd3_aspace_58d9255857a56260d80a5db53f73ae59"}},{"id":"bec408ef355489ed2515918e_aspace_080870e3073b6eaf2f106180e22dbde5","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Ephemera, 1809-1964, Undated","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/bec408ef355489ed2515918e_aspace_080870e3073b6eaf2f106180e22dbde5#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eSubseries includes postcards, greeting cards, and birthday cards. Invitations are als included and also deatures letters between family members of Blanche Kalfus and JAmes Brasswell.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/bec408ef355489ed2515918e_aspace_080870e3073b6eaf2f106180e22dbde5#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_080870e3073b6eaf2f106180e22dbde5","ref_ssm":["aspace_080870e3073b6eaf2f106180e22dbde5","aspace_080870e3073b6eaf2f106180e22dbde5"],"id":"bec408ef355489ed2515918e_aspace_080870e3073b6eaf2f106180e22dbde5","title_filing_ssi":"Ephemera","title_ssm":["Ephemera"],"title_tesim":["Ephemera"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1809-1964, Undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1809-1964, Undated"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ephemera, 1809-1964, Undated"],"text":["Ephemera, 1809-1964, Undated","African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003","Additional Materials, 1791-1990, Undated","Sub-Series 4","/repositories/4/archival_objects/57077","Subseries includes postcards, greeting cards, and birthday cards. Invitations are als included and also deatures letters between family members of Blanche Kalfus and JAmes Brasswell."],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["bec408ef355489ed2515918e","bec408ef355489ed2515918e_aspace_8d9756e691c528284ff3578409880ec9"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003","Additional Materials, 1791-1990, Undated"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003","Additional Materials, 1791-1990, Undated"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["Sub-Series 4","/repositories/4/archival_objects/57077"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":26,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":1389,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSubseries includes postcards, greeting cards, and birthday cards. Invitations are als included and also deatures letters between family members of Blanche Kalfus and JAmes Brasswell.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Subseries includes postcards, greeting cards, and birthday cards. Invitations are als included and also deatures letters between family members of Blanche Kalfus and JAmes Brasswell."],"_nest_path_":"/components#8/components#3","_nest_parent_":"bec408ef355489ed2515918e_aspace_8d9756e691c528284ff3578409880ec9","_root_":"bec408ef355489ed2515918e","_version_":1879192534963453952,"timestamp":"2026-10-16T08:00:56.160Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"bec408ef355489ed2515918e","title_ssm":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection"],"title_tesim":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection"],"ead_ssi":"bec408ef355489ed2515918e","unitdate_ssm":["1791-2003"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1791-2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC085","/repositories/4/resources/106"],"text":["SC085","/repositories/4/resources/106","African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003","Apopka (Fla.)--History","African Americans -- History","African American photographers","African Americans -- Florida","African Americans -- Photography","Civil Rights","Civil War","photographs","The entire collection is open for research.","Carol Mundy has been an avid collector of African American memorabilia since the early 1990s when she purchased a copy of the 1901 edition of The Complete Life of William McKinley and Story of His Assassination. Included in the book was an 1880 correspondence from the U.S. army to the 10th Cavalry of \"Buffalo Soldiers.\" This discovery was the first step in a journey that would take her around the country in a quest to preserve African American culture. This quest ultimately led to the acquisition of more than 1,500 artifacts and documents that range from 1794 to 2010. Ms. Mundy also founded her own non-profit organization, African American History Education and Culture Society, and has curated a traveling exhibit entitled, \"The African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection.\" Further, Ms. Mundy has partnered with the University of Central Florida's Department of African American Studies to found the \"Carol E. Mundy African American Cultural and Diasporic Research Center\" using artifacts from the collection. According to their website, \"The Center will be fostered through research, dissemination of historical information and social traditions, educational programs, exhibits, conferences and related activities.\"","Processed by John Venecek, Sandra Varry, and Erica England; finding aid created by Nadeen Kiwan. Additional materials added to the collection by Antonice L. Morin in 2021.","A small book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search for the \"Carol Mundy Library\" in the  Online Catalog .","This collection consists of over 1,500 items related to the African American experience in the following formats: monographs, manuscripts, sheet music, pamphlets, journals, newspapers, broadsides, posters, photographs, and rare ephemera. These materials are divided into six topical series:","\nSeries I: Apopka Documents, 1892-1950, consists mostly of the personal papers of local businessmen, George Oden (1862-1939) and Michael Gladden, executor of Oden's estate. Also significant are a number of documents from Ella Wall, an Apopka resident who was the inspiration for a character in Zora Neale Hurston's Mules and Men. Mrs. Wall ran an Orange Grove, and was a close friend and confidant of Michael Gladden, Jr. until her death. Materials in this series largely consist of purchase receipts, tax forms, and other legal documents.","\nSeries II: Civil Rights-era, 1950-1997, consists of ephemera including magazines, sheet music, pamphlets, posters, and post cards. Not all the items in this series pertain directly to the Civil Rights Movement per se; rather they are grouped together because they fall within a specific date range.","\nSeries III: Dolls, circa 1930-1949, includes hand-made Caribbean island dolls, puppets and marionettes originating from the Caribbean.","\nSeries IV: Early America \u0026 Civil War-era, 1794-1892, contains the oldest materials in the collection that bookend the Civil War. Materials include magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, photographs and illustrations. Of particular interest is an original Buffalo Soldier muster roll signed by Colonel Abner Doubleday, discharge papers from 1874, and an authentic slave bill of sale.","\nSeries V: An oversized 19th century bible, 1857-1890, in a protective cloth clamshell and 11 black and white photographs that were originally stored inside the bible. The photographs vary both in subject and format, but do include several tintypes as well as portraits taken by notable African American photographer, James Presley (J.P.) Ball.","\nSeries VI: Photographs, 1860s - 1960s, includes a large collection of photographs that range from the 1860s - the 1960s. The \"assorted\" photographs in this collection are arranged chronologically, but there are several thematic sub-series as well. Those subseries include Bishop College, Civil Rights Movement, Civil Rights-era, South Dakota, and William T. Vernon photographs.","\nSeries VII: Visual Material, 1800s - 1969, consists of advertisements, postcards, product packaging, illustrations from magazines and newspapers, and other assorted \"visual\" ephemera. Much of the material in this series is considered racist or \"derogatory.\"","\nSeries VIII: Miscellaneous, 1880s - 1989, contains a small collection of materials that didn't fit into one of the other series. These materials include booklets, documents, pamphlets, and objects such as pins and medallions.","Series IX: Additional Materials, 1791 - 1990, consists of audio and visual items. In this series there are letters with envelopes and telegraphs. Letters delivered were most commonly with the family members of Blanche Kalfus and James Brasswell. There are official government documents and business documents consisting of receipts, deeds, contracts, notary public certificates, and justice of the peace certificates. This series also includes postcards, greeting, birthday and holiday cards, and invitations. There is memorabilia such as military buttons, pins, and patches, and a Civil War Veterans Metal. The photographs in this series consist of African American men, women, and children along with stereographs consisting of places and group photos. There are many different newsclippings, articles, programs, and advertisements.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","Collector, Ms. Carol Mundy amassed this collection of monographs, manuscripts, sheet music, pamphlets, journals, newspapers, broadsides, posters, photographs, and rare ephemera focusing on the African American history. While the collection is comprehensive both nationally and internationally, it also contains materials that pertain to the African American experience in central Florida.","UCF Special Collections","Mundy, Carol","Ball, James Presley, 1825-1904","Willis, Deborah, 1948-","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC085","/repositories/4/resources/106"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1791-2003"],"normalized_title_ssm":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003"],"collection_title_tesim":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003"],"collection_ssim":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Apopka (Fla.)--History"],"geogname_ssim":["Apopka (Fla.)--History"],"creator_ssm":["Mundy, Carol"],"creator_ssim":["Mundy, Carol"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Mundy, Carol"],"creators_ssim":["Mundy, Carol"],"places_ssim":["Apopka (Fla.)--History"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Most of these materials were purchased by the University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives from Carol Mundy in 2009 (CFM2009_02). Additional materials were donated in 2010/2012 (CFM2012_02) and 2019 (CFM2019_01)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","African American photographers","African Americans -- Florida","African Americans -- Photography","Civil Rights","Civil War","photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","African American photographers","African Americans -- Florida","African Americans -- Photography","Civil Rights","Civil War","photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["26 Linear Feet 36 boxes and 73 flat files"],"extent_tesim":["26 Linear Feet 36 boxes and 73 flat files"],"genreform_ssim":["photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarol Mundy has been an avid collector of African American memorabilia since the early 1990s when she purchased a copy of the 1901 edition of The Complete Life of William McKinley and Story of His Assassination. Included in the book was an 1880 correspondence from the U.S. army to the 10th Cavalry of \"Buffalo Soldiers.\" This discovery was the first step in a journey that would take her around the country in a quest to preserve African American culture. This quest ultimately led to the acquisition of more than 1,500 artifacts and documents that range from 1794 to 2010. Ms. Mundy also founded her own non-profit organization, African American History Education and Culture Society, and has curated a traveling exhibit entitled, \"The African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection.\" Further, Ms. Mundy has partnered with the University of Central Florida's Department of African American Studies to found the \"Carol E. Mundy African American Cultural and Diasporic Research Center\" using artifacts from the collection. According to their website, \"The Center will be fostered through research, dissemination of historical information and social traditions, educational programs, exhibits, conferences and related activities.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Carol Mundy has been an avid collector of African American memorabilia since the early 1990s when she purchased a copy of the 1901 edition of The Complete Life of William McKinley and Story of His Assassination. Included in the book was an 1880 correspondence from the U.S. army to the 10th Cavalry of \"Buffalo Soldiers.\" This discovery was the first step in a journey that would take her around the country in a quest to preserve African American culture. This quest ultimately led to the acquisition of more than 1,500 artifacts and documents that range from 1794 to 2010. Ms. Mundy also founded her own non-profit organization, African American History Education and Culture Society, and has curated a traveling exhibit entitled, \"The African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection.\" Further, Ms. Mundy has partnered with the University of Central Florida's Department of African American Studies to found the \"Carol E. Mundy African American Cultural and Diasporic Research Center\" using artifacts from the collection. According to their website, \"The Center will be fostered through research, dissemination of historical information and social traditions, educational programs, exhibits, conferences and related activities.\""],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAfrican American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1794-2010, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1794-2010, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by John Venecek, Sandra Varry, and Erica England; finding aid created by Nadeen Kiwan. Additional materials added to the collection by Antonice L. Morin in 2021.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by John Venecek, Sandra Varry, and Erica England; finding aid created by Nadeen Kiwan. Additional materials added to the collection by Antonice L. Morin in 2021."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA small book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search for the \"Carol Mundy Library\" in the \u003cextref href=\"https://library.ucf.edu\"\u003eOnline Catalog\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["A small book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search for the \"Carol Mundy Library\" in the  Online Catalog ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of over 1,500 items related to the African American experience in the following formats: monographs, manuscripts, sheet music, pamphlets, journals, newspapers, broadsides, posters, photographs, and rare ephemera. These materials are divided into six topical series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I: Apopka Documents, 1892-1950, consists mostly of the personal papers of local businessmen, George Oden (1862-1939) and Michael Gladden, executor of Oden's estate. Also significant are a number of documents from Ella Wall, an Apopka resident who was the inspiration for a character in Zora Neale Hurston's Mules and Men. Mrs. Wall ran an Orange Grove, and was a close friend and confidant of Michael Gladden, Jr. until her death. Materials in this series largely consist of purchase receipts, tax forms, and other legal documents.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Civil Rights-era, 1950-1997, consists of ephemera including magazines, sheet music, pamphlets, posters, and post cards. Not all the items in this series pertain directly to the Civil Rights Movement per se; rather they are grouped together because they fall within a specific date range.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Dolls, circa 1930-1949, includes hand-made Caribbean island dolls, puppets and marionettes originating from the Caribbean.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Early America \u0026amp; Civil War-era, 1794-1892, contains the oldest materials in the collection that bookend the Civil War. Materials include magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, photographs and illustrations. Of particular interest is an original Buffalo Soldier muster roll signed by Colonel Abner Doubleday, discharge papers from 1874, and an authentic slave bill of sale.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: An oversized 19th century bible, 1857-1890, in a protective cloth clamshell and 11 black and white photographs that were originally stored inside the bible. The photographs vary both in subject and format, but do include several tintypes as well as portraits taken by notable African American photographer, James Presley (J.P.) Ball.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Photographs, 1860s - 1960s, includes a large collection of photographs that range from the 1860s - the 1960s. The \"assorted\" photographs in this collection are arranged chronologically, but there are several thematic sub-series as well. Those subseries include Bishop College, Civil Rights Movement, Civil Rights-era, South Dakota, and William T. Vernon photographs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Visual Material, 1800s - 1969, consists of advertisements, postcards, product packaging, illustrations from magazines and newspapers, and other assorted \"visual\" ephemera. Much of the material in this series is considered racist or \"derogatory.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VIII: Miscellaneous, 1880s - 1989, contains a small collection of materials that didn't fit into one of the other series. These materials include booklets, documents, pamphlets, and objects such as pins and medallions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX: Additional Materials, 1791 - 1990, consists of audio and visual items. In this series there are letters with envelopes and telegraphs. Letters delivered were most commonly with the family members of Blanche Kalfus and James Brasswell. There are official government documents and business documents consisting of receipts, deeds, contracts, notary public certificates, and justice of the peace certificates. This series also includes postcards, greeting, birthday and holiday cards, and invitations. There is memorabilia such as military buttons, pins, and patches, and a Civil War Veterans Metal. The photographs in this series consist of African American men, women, and children along with stereographs consisting of places and group photos. There are many different newsclippings, articles, programs, and advertisements.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of over 1,500 items related to the African American experience in the following formats: monographs, manuscripts, sheet music, pamphlets, journals, newspapers, broadsides, posters, photographs, and rare ephemera. These materials are divided into six topical series:","\nSeries I: Apopka Documents, 1892-1950, consists mostly of the personal papers of local businessmen, George Oden (1862-1939) and Michael Gladden, executor of Oden's estate. Also significant are a number of documents from Ella Wall, an Apopka resident who was the inspiration for a character in Zora Neale Hurston's Mules and Men. Mrs. Wall ran an Orange Grove, and was a close friend and confidant of Michael Gladden, Jr. until her death. Materials in this series largely consist of purchase receipts, tax forms, and other legal documents.","\nSeries II: Civil Rights-era, 1950-1997, consists of ephemera including magazines, sheet music, pamphlets, posters, and post cards. Not all the items in this series pertain directly to the Civil Rights Movement per se; rather they are grouped together because they fall within a specific date range.","\nSeries III: Dolls, circa 1930-1949, includes hand-made Caribbean island dolls, puppets and marionettes originating from the Caribbean.","\nSeries IV: Early America \u0026 Civil War-era, 1794-1892, contains the oldest materials in the collection that bookend the Civil War. Materials include magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, photographs and illustrations. Of particular interest is an original Buffalo Soldier muster roll signed by Colonel Abner Doubleday, discharge papers from 1874, and an authentic slave bill of sale.","\nSeries V: An oversized 19th century bible, 1857-1890, in a protective cloth clamshell and 11 black and white photographs that were originally stored inside the bible. The photographs vary both in subject and format, but do include several tintypes as well as portraits taken by notable African American photographer, James Presley (J.P.) Ball.","\nSeries VI: Photographs, 1860s - 1960s, includes a large collection of photographs that range from the 1860s - the 1960s. The \"assorted\" photographs in this collection are arranged chronologically, but there are several thematic sub-series as well. Those subseries include Bishop College, Civil Rights Movement, Civil Rights-era, South Dakota, and William T. Vernon photographs.","\nSeries VII: Visual Material, 1800s - 1969, consists of advertisements, postcards, product packaging, illustrations from magazines and newspapers, and other assorted \"visual\" ephemera. Much of the material in this series is considered racist or \"derogatory.\"","\nSeries VIII: Miscellaneous, 1880s - 1989, contains a small collection of materials that didn't fit into one of the other series. These materials include booklets, documents, pamphlets, and objects such as pins and medallions.","Series IX: Additional Materials, 1791 - 1990, consists of audio and visual items. In this series there are letters with envelopes and telegraphs. Letters delivered were most commonly with the family members of Blanche Kalfus and James Brasswell. There are official government documents and business documents consisting of receipts, deeds, contracts, notary public certificates, and justice of the peace certificates. This series also includes postcards, greeting, birthday and holiday cards, and invitations. There is memorabilia such as military buttons, pins, and patches, and a Civil War Veterans Metal. The photographs in this series consist of African American men, women, and children along with stereographs consisting of places and group photos. There are many different newsclippings, articles, programs, and advertisements."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4cf0eb7fc38bbc5bdebff00649325802\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCollector, Ms. Carol Mundy amassed this collection of monographs, manuscripts, sheet music, pamphlets, journals, newspapers, broadsides, posters, photographs, and rare ephemera focusing on the African American history. While the collection is comprehensive both nationally and internationally, it also contains materials that pertain to the African American experience in central Florida.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Collector, Ms. Carol Mundy amassed this collection of monographs, manuscripts, sheet music, pamphlets, journals, newspapers, broadsides, posters, photographs, and rare ephemera focusing on the African American history. While the collection is comprehensive both nationally and internationally, it also contains materials that pertain to the African American experience in central Florida."],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Mundy, Carol","Ball, James Presley, 1825-1904","Willis, Deborah, 1948-"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Ball, James Presley, 1825-1904","Willis, Deborah, 1948-"],"persname_ssim":["Mundy, Carol","Ball, James Presley, 1825-1904","Willis, Deborah, 1948-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1675,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1879192534963453952,"_root_":"bec408ef355489ed2515918e","timestamp":"2026-10-16T08:00:56.160Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/bec408ef355489ed2515918e_aspace_080870e3073b6eaf2f106180e22dbde5"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Office of the President, 1883-1957","value":"Office of the President, 1883-1957","hits":209},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Office+of+the+President%2C+1883-1957\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1926"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997","value":"Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997","hits":79},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Children%27s+Home+Society+of+Florida+collection%2C+1862-2019%2C+bulk+1902-1997\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1926"}},{"attributes":{"label":"African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003","value":"African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003","hits":59},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=African+American+Legacy%3A+The+Carol+Mundy+collection%2C+1791-2003\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1926"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Michael A. 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