{"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1925\u0026page=3\u0026view=list","prev":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1925\u0026page=2\u0026view=list","next":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1925\u0026page=4\u0026view=list","last":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1925\u0026page=234\u0026view=list"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":3,"next_page":4,"prev_page":2,"total_pages":234,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":20,"total_count":2337,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_48b41c8f414c0c682c1c97f1c474883c","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Adoption Materials, 1925–1955","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_48b41c8f414c0c682c1c97f1c474883c#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_48b41c8f414c0c682c1c97f1c474883c","ref_ssm":["aspace_48b41c8f414c0c682c1c97f1c474883c","aspace_48b41c8f414c0c682c1c97f1c474883c"],"id":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_48b41c8f414c0c682c1c97f1c474883c","title_filing_ssi":"Adoption Materials","title_ssm":["Adoption Materials"],"title_tesim":["Adoption Materials"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1925–1955"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1925–1955"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Adoption Materials, 1925–1955"],"text":["Adoption Materials, 1925–1955","Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997","Division Files, 1921-circa 1995","/repositories/4/archival_objects/68759","box 57","folder 1"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["f98896827f16d52b3168e472","f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_eae888aaabb88a8b5182e3a73aba29ef"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997","Division Files, 1921-circa 1995"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997","Division Files, 1921-circa 1995"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/4/archival_objects/68759"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":530,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research.","Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997 (Series IV) and Additional Materials, 1862-2019 (Series VI) contain fragile AV material. No access copies are currently available. For further information, please contact Special Collections \u0026 University Archives."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955],"containers_ssim":["box 57","folder 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#0","_nest_parent_":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_eae888aaabb88a8b5182e3a73aba29ef","_root_":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472","_version_":1870857973089173504,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:06:38.475Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472","title_ssm":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection"],"title_tesim":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection"],"ead_ssi":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472","unitdate_ssm":["1862-2019","1902-1997"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1902-1997"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862-2019"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 054","/repositories/4/resources/294"],"text":["SC 054","/repositories/4/resources/294","Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997","Abandoned Children","Adoption -- Florida","Adoption -- United States -- History","Child welfare -- Florida","Foster children -- United States -- History","Nonprofit organizations -- Finance","Nonprofit organizations -- Management","Nonprofit organizations -- Planning","Poverty","Orphanages -- Florida","The entire collection is open for research.","Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997 (Series IV) and Additional Materials, 1862-2019 (Series VI) contain fragile AV material. No access copies are currently available. For further information, please contact Special Collections \u0026 University Archives.","The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection is arranged into 5 series by types of content as well as by types of materials. The first three series feature personal and office files which show the birth and growth of the organization, sorted at the state and local division levels. The last two series holds audio visual and photographic ephemera as well as scrapbooks created by workers at the society.","To be an orphan in Florida at the turn of the twentieth century was a dangerous prospect. Children were being orphaned due to farm and industrial accidents and numerous poor families had to give up children they could no longer afford. Many children were abused and there were few laws that protected children's rights. Homeless children had little place to go where they could be safe, properly cared for, and loved.","\nIn response to this increasing crisis, the National Children's Home Society was formed in Illinois in 1883 to help place children who had been orphaned in farming and industrial accidents, spreading to several other states over the next decade. The Revered D. W. Comstock came to Jacksonville, Florida in 1902 as a representative of the National Children's Home Society to help organize the state's first child welfare society. On November 17, 1902, with the help of Rev. D. W. Comstock and Jacksonville's city and religious leaders, The Children's Home Society of Florida (CHSFL) was established. The welfare of the child was the society's primary focus, making sure that if the family could not be preserved that the child was placed in a happy and healthy home.","\nThe CHSFL was developed as a non-profit organization, relying solely on donations from the community. Fund-raising efforts began as administrative duties were carried out in private homes around the city. The children were also were being cared for in private residences as there was not yet a home secured for the society to board its charges. The CHSFL committed itself to not only children but to babies who were not accepted until the age of three at state orphanages (Mahoney, 5). Money was tight for the society and within the first few years, the CHSFL found itself in deep debt. By September of 1910, the CHSFL was facing the possibility of ending operations when a new state superintendent for the society entered its doors. Marcus C. Fagg was just 24 when he took control of the CHSFL but within a few short months, he had already obtained funding to start his first appeals drive. Many in the society to this day believe that it was Marcus C. Fagg who saved the CHSFL from closing its doors and built it to the standards that society members and workers adhere to today. Fagg's compassion towards children also did not go unnoticed; from his early years with the CHSFL, many children he helped referred to him as \"Daddy\" Fagg as a token of their appreciation for finding them loving homes.","\nMarcus Fagg brought innovative solutions to a dire financial situation. Using land donated or sold at cost to the society, Fagg either rented or sold land at higher costs to turn a profit. Fagg also helped poor families by renting them homes at drastically reduced rental costs with an option to later buy the homes. Marcus Fagg helped dozens of poor families regain their footing while also helping the CHSFL emerge from a deep hole of financial debt.","\nThough Marcus Fagg began to save the society financially, the society still fell on hard times. The country became entangled in the agony of the Great Depression in the 1930s and the CHSFL suffered with the rest of the nation. The Miami receiving home was lost due to a lack of finances but was thankfully picked up and operated by the Junior League until 1936 when CHSFL was able to once again run the home. Marcus Fagg also made history in 1932 by becoming the first chairman of the new Florida State Welfare Board. Through the 1940s and 1950s, CHSFL was instrumental in securing rights and welfare laws for children nationwide. CHSFL was one of the founding members of the Child Welfare League of America and was one of the only societies in the country to handle state adoptions without the aid of a state agency. The society also saw rapid growth, thanks in part to the massive fund-raising performed by Marcus Fagg; several new division offices opened throughout the state, many of whom offered special services for children. CHSFL also began offering services to unwed mothers, further committing themselves to the family rather than just simply finding homes for children.","\nOne of the saddest moments for the CHSFL was the loss of their mentor and leader, Marcus C. \"Daddy\" Fagg in 1958. After Fagg's passing, newspapers throughout Florida ran headlines announcing the loss of a great state hero. Buried in a simple grave in Jacksonville, Florida, Fagg's life and legacy still serves as a reminder to the CHSFL of their continued effort to help abused and orphaned children in the state of Florida.","\nSegregation and integration played an important role for CHSFL in the 1960s as the society began caring for and adopting out African-American children from their receiving homes. Historically, the society took in mostly white children. As the Civil Rights movement grew in the 1960's, the society re-examined the scope of its adoption policies and began taking in and offering adoption services for the African-American community. This was a significant development both for the society and for the Civil Rights movement; African-American children were being given the same adoption services as white children at a time when the issue of race was dominant in society and politics. As the country rapidly changed, so did the society, offering for the first time services in schools for handicapped, delinquent, and abused children as well children living in racially mixed households. These services would grow and define the society through to the end of the 1990s.","\nJust three years into the new millennium and the society's second century of service, the CHSFL moved its headquarters from its birthplace in Jacksonville to more centrally located offices in Winter Park, Florida. Now over one hundred years old, the CHSFL offers fourteen divisions that serve the entire state of Florida.","Collection processed by Ari Karlene Anderson; finding aid prepared by April Karlene Anderson and Katie Seeler. All paper materials have been placed in acid free folders and stored in archival containers. Some larger paper materials, such as maps and large photographs were also placed in acid free folders but are stored in archival flat files. Paper clips have been removed and replaced with plastic clips. In some cases, rusty staples have also been removed. Post-it notes have been moved to the edges of papers and copies have been made of more fragile materials such as news clippings. Photo blocks have been placed in archival trays, stored in separate bins to prevent them from scraping against one another. Any audio or visual media in cases were kept in their containers but placed collectively in archival boxes. Loose pages and items in the scrapbooks have been secured either with plastic clips or placed in archival folders and the entire book has been wrapped in acid free archival paper. Additional materials processed and integrated into the main collection by Suphi Burak Ogreten. Collection rehoused and container list revised by Asmara Cortes-Caba in 2023.","Blount Family papers , University of West Florida University Archives and West Florida History Center, Pensacola, Florida. ","Adoption Records: This collection does not contain any records on adopted individuals or families from the Children's Home Society of Florida. However, the society does have the CHS Adoptions Archive Unit which is dedicated to the preservation and research of these records. They can be found at  http://www.chsfl.org .","Books:","Georgia Gertrude Ralph,  Elements of Record Keeping for Child-Helping Organizations , (New York: The De Vinne Press, 1915.)","Lawrence Mahoney,  Children and hope : a history of the Children's Home Society of Florida , (Miami: Pickering Press, 1987).","Other Locations:","Pensacola Historical Society's Historical Resource Center, 110 East Church Street, Pensacola, Florida 32502. Phone: (850) 434-5455 Website:  http://www.pensacolahistory.org  (Western Division).","Florida Department of State, State Archives of Florida, R. A. Gray Building 500 South Bronough Street Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250. Website:  https://dos.myflorida.com/library-archives/archives .","The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains personal and organizational papers, photographs, audio and visual materials, as well as ledgers and scrapbooks. The collection is arranged by both content and materials types and have been organized into the following series:","\nSeries I: Biographical Files, 1900-1991, contains the files of individuals who were instrumental in the creation and/or the operations of the Children's Home Society of Florida. Correspondence makes up the majority of this series as it show the creation of the society (Comstock, Harkins, Seaton), its resurrection (Fagg), and its continued operations.","\nSeries II: State Organizational Files, 1886-2000, includes files that were used in the operations of the society as a whole. Financial documents, correspondence, reports, as well as the meeting minutes of the various committees that ran the society can be found in this series.","\nSeries III: Division Files, 1921-circa 1995, consists of files for local divisions located throughout the state. Some divisions are no longer in operation, having been closed completely or absorbed into another division. These older divisions can be found here in their original name. Meeting minutes for each division are also located here.","\nSeries IV: Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997, holds both audio and visual media used by the Children's Home Society of Florida in promoting their society as well as raising funds.","\nSeries V: Ledger and Scrapbooks, 1902-1978, includes miscellaneous ledger and scrapbooks created by the Children's Home Society of Florida. The ledger books vary in format but are generally are either inventory or accounting in nature. The scrapbooks are made up of five volumes, all created by workers at the Children's Home Society of Florida. News clippings make up the majority of the scrapbooks contents but some do contain publications made by the Children's Home Society of Florida. There are also four Rose Keller Home scrapbooks made by workers at the Rose Keller Division in Lakeland, Florida. The Rose Keller Home scrapbooks give a brief history of the division as well as chronicle events at the home.","\nSeries VI: Additional Materials, 1862-2012, holds additional materials received from the Children's Home Society of Florida including organizational files, ephemera, photographs and audio/visual materials.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains organizational papers and ephemera that document the creation and operations of Florida's oldest non-profit adoption agency. The collection includes organizational papers from its state and local divisions, photographs, news clippings, audio and visual media, scrapbooks, and blueprints of the many receiving homes in the state, but does not contain adoption records. Adoption records remain at the CHSFL Adoption Archive and are available by contacting the society directly.","UCF Special Collections","Children's Home Society of Florida","Florida. Department of Children and Families","Child Welfare League of America","Florida. State Board of Public Welfare","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 054","/repositories/4/resources/294"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997"],"collection_title_tesim":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997"],"collection_ssim":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Children's Home Society of Florida"],"creator_ssim":["Children's Home Society of Florida"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Children's Home Society of Florida"],"creators_ssim":["Children's Home Society of Florida"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Children's Home Society of Florida donated these materials to the University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives Department in 2004 (CFM2004_04). Additional matterials were added in 2015 (CFM2015_06), 2016 (CFM2016_03), 2017 (CFM2017_05), 2020 (CFM2020_11), and 2021 (CFM2021_06)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Abandoned Children","Adoption -- Florida","Adoption -- United States -- History","Child welfare -- Florida","Foster children -- United States -- History","Nonprofit organizations -- Finance","Nonprofit organizations -- Management","Nonprofit organizations -- Planning","Poverty","Orphanages -- Florida"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Abandoned Children","Adoption -- Florida","Adoption -- United States -- History","Child welfare -- Florida","Foster children -- United States -- History","Nonprofit organizations -- Finance","Nonprofit organizations -- Management","Nonprofit organizations -- Planning","Poverty","Orphanages -- Florida"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["102.75 Linear Feet 117 boxes, 5 scrapbooks, 13 flat files"],"extent_tesim":["102.75 Linear Feet 117 boxes, 5 scrapbooks, 13 flat files"],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997 (Series IV) and Additional Materials, 1862-2019 (Series VI) contain fragile AV material. No access copies are currently available. For further information, please contact Special Collections \u0026amp; University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research.","Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997 (Series IV) and Additional Materials, 1862-2019 (Series VI) contain fragile AV material. No access copies are currently available. For further information, please contact Special Collections \u0026 University Archives."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Children's Home Society of Florida Collection is arranged into 5 series by types of content as well as by types of materials. The first three series feature personal and office files which show the birth and growth of the organization, sorted at the state and local division levels. The last two series holds audio visual and photographic ephemera as well as scrapbooks created by workers at the society.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection is arranged into 5 series by types of content as well as by types of materials. The first three series feature personal and office files which show the birth and growth of the organization, sorted at the state and local division levels. The last two series holds audio visual and photographic ephemera as well as scrapbooks created by workers at the society."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTo be an orphan in Florida at the turn of the twentieth century was a dangerous prospect. Children were being orphaned due to farm and industrial accidents and numerous poor families had to give up children they could no longer afford. Many children were abused and there were few laws that protected children's rights. Homeless children had little place to go where they could be safe, properly cared for, and loved.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIn response to this increasing crisis, the National Children's Home Society was formed in Illinois in 1883 to help place children who had been orphaned in farming and industrial accidents, spreading to several other states over the next decade. The Revered D. W. Comstock came to Jacksonville, Florida in 1902 as a representative of the National Children's Home Society to help organize the state's first child welfare society. On November 17, 1902, with the help of Rev. D. W. Comstock and Jacksonville's city and religious leaders, The Children's Home Society of Florida (CHSFL) was established. The welfare of the child was the society's primary focus, making sure that if the family could not be preserved that the child was placed in a happy and healthy home.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe CHSFL was developed as a non-profit organization, relying solely on donations from the community. Fund-raising efforts began as administrative duties were carried out in private homes around the city. The children were also were being cared for in private residences as there was not yet a home secured for the society to board its charges. The CHSFL committed itself to not only children but to babies who were not accepted until the age of three at state orphanages (Mahoney, 5). Money was tight for the society and within the first few years, the CHSFL found itself in deep debt. By September of 1910, the CHSFL was facing the possibility of ending operations when a new state superintendent for the society entered its doors. Marcus C. Fagg was just 24 when he took control of the CHSFL but within a few short months, he had already obtained funding to start his first appeals drive. Many in the society to this day believe that it was Marcus C. Fagg who saved the CHSFL from closing its doors and built it to the standards that society members and workers adhere to today. Fagg's compassion towards children also did not go unnoticed; from his early years with the CHSFL, many children he helped referred to him as \"Daddy\" Fagg as a token of their appreciation for finding them loving homes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMarcus Fagg brought innovative solutions to a dire financial situation. Using land donated or sold at cost to the society, Fagg either rented or sold land at higher costs to turn a profit. Fagg also helped poor families by renting them homes at drastically reduced rental costs with an option to later buy the homes. Marcus Fagg helped dozens of poor families regain their footing while also helping the CHSFL emerge from a deep hole of financial debt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThough Marcus Fagg began to save the society financially, the society still fell on hard times. The country became entangled in the agony of the Great Depression in the 1930s and the CHSFL suffered with the rest of the nation. The Miami receiving home was lost due to a lack of finances but was thankfully picked up and operated by the Junior League until 1936 when CHSFL was able to once again run the home. Marcus Fagg also made history in 1932 by becoming the first chairman of the new Florida State Welfare Board. Through the 1940s and 1950s, CHSFL was instrumental in securing rights and welfare laws for children nationwide. CHSFL was one of the founding members of the Child Welfare League of America and was one of the only societies in the country to handle state adoptions without the aid of a state agency. The society also saw rapid growth, thanks in part to the massive fund-raising performed by Marcus Fagg; several new division offices opened throughout the state, many of whom offered special services for children. CHSFL also began offering services to unwed mothers, further committing themselves to the family rather than just simply finding homes for children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOne of the saddest moments for the CHSFL was the loss of their mentor and leader, Marcus C. \"Daddy\" Fagg in 1958. After Fagg's passing, newspapers throughout Florida ran headlines announcing the loss of a great state hero. Buried in a simple grave in Jacksonville, Florida, Fagg's life and legacy still serves as a reminder to the CHSFL of their continued effort to help abused and orphaned children in the state of Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSegregation and integration played an important role for CHSFL in the 1960s as the society began caring for and adopting out African-American children from their receiving homes. Historically, the society took in mostly white children. As the Civil Rights movement grew in the 1960's, the society re-examined the scope of its adoption policies and began taking in and offering adoption services for the African-American community. This was a significant development both for the society and for the Civil Rights movement; African-American children were being given the same adoption services as white children at a time when the issue of race was dominant in society and politics. As the country rapidly changed, so did the society, offering for the first time services in schools for handicapped, delinquent, and abused children as well children living in racially mixed households. These services would grow and define the society through to the end of the 1990s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nJust three years into the new millennium and the society's second century of service, the CHSFL moved its headquarters from its birthplace in Jacksonville to more centrally located offices in Winter Park, Florida. Now over one hundred years old, the CHSFL offers fourteen divisions that serve the entire state of Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["To be an orphan in Florida at the turn of the twentieth century was a dangerous prospect. Children were being orphaned due to farm and industrial accidents and numerous poor families had to give up children they could no longer afford. Many children were abused and there were few laws that protected children's rights. Homeless children had little place to go where they could be safe, properly cared for, and loved.","\nIn response to this increasing crisis, the National Children's Home Society was formed in Illinois in 1883 to help place children who had been orphaned in farming and industrial accidents, spreading to several other states over the next decade. The Revered D. W. Comstock came to Jacksonville, Florida in 1902 as a representative of the National Children's Home Society to help organize the state's first child welfare society. On November 17, 1902, with the help of Rev. D. W. Comstock and Jacksonville's city and religious leaders, The Children's Home Society of Florida (CHSFL) was established. The welfare of the child was the society's primary focus, making sure that if the family could not be preserved that the child was placed in a happy and healthy home.","\nThe CHSFL was developed as a non-profit organization, relying solely on donations from the community. Fund-raising efforts began as administrative duties were carried out in private homes around the city. The children were also were being cared for in private residences as there was not yet a home secured for the society to board its charges. The CHSFL committed itself to not only children but to babies who were not accepted until the age of three at state orphanages (Mahoney, 5). Money was tight for the society and within the first few years, the CHSFL found itself in deep debt. By September of 1910, the CHSFL was facing the possibility of ending operations when a new state superintendent for the society entered its doors. Marcus C. Fagg was just 24 when he took control of the CHSFL but within a few short months, he had already obtained funding to start his first appeals drive. Many in the society to this day believe that it was Marcus C. Fagg who saved the CHSFL from closing its doors and built it to the standards that society members and workers adhere to today. Fagg's compassion towards children also did not go unnoticed; from his early years with the CHSFL, many children he helped referred to him as \"Daddy\" Fagg as a token of their appreciation for finding them loving homes.","\nMarcus Fagg brought innovative solutions to a dire financial situation. Using land donated or sold at cost to the society, Fagg either rented or sold land at higher costs to turn a profit. Fagg also helped poor families by renting them homes at drastically reduced rental costs with an option to later buy the homes. Marcus Fagg helped dozens of poor families regain their footing while also helping the CHSFL emerge from a deep hole of financial debt.","\nThough Marcus Fagg began to save the society financially, the society still fell on hard times. The country became entangled in the agony of the Great Depression in the 1930s and the CHSFL suffered with the rest of the nation. The Miami receiving home was lost due to a lack of finances but was thankfully picked up and operated by the Junior League until 1936 when CHSFL was able to once again run the home. Marcus Fagg also made history in 1932 by becoming the first chairman of the new Florida State Welfare Board. Through the 1940s and 1950s, CHSFL was instrumental in securing rights and welfare laws for children nationwide. CHSFL was one of the founding members of the Child Welfare League of America and was one of the only societies in the country to handle state adoptions without the aid of a state agency. The society also saw rapid growth, thanks in part to the massive fund-raising performed by Marcus Fagg; several new division offices opened throughout the state, many of whom offered special services for children. CHSFL also began offering services to unwed mothers, further committing themselves to the family rather than just simply finding homes for children.","\nOne of the saddest moments for the CHSFL was the loss of their mentor and leader, Marcus C. \"Daddy\" Fagg in 1958. After Fagg's passing, newspapers throughout Florida ran headlines announcing the loss of a great state hero. Buried in a simple grave in Jacksonville, Florida, Fagg's life and legacy still serves as a reminder to the CHSFL of their continued effort to help abused and orphaned children in the state of Florida.","\nSegregation and integration played an important role for CHSFL in the 1960s as the society began caring for and adopting out African-American children from their receiving homes. Historically, the society took in mostly white children. As the Civil Rights movement grew in the 1960's, the society re-examined the scope of its adoption policies and began taking in and offering adoption services for the African-American community. This was a significant development both for the society and for the Civil Rights movement; African-American children were being given the same adoption services as white children at a time when the issue of race was dominant in society and politics. As the country rapidly changed, so did the society, offering for the first time services in schools for handicapped, delinquent, and abused children as well children living in racially mixed households. These services would grow and define the society through to the end of the 1990s.","\nJust three years into the new millennium and the society's second century of service, the CHSFL moved its headquarters from its birthplace in Jacksonville to more centrally located offices in Winter Park, Florida. Now over one hundred years old, the CHSFL offers fourteen divisions that serve the entire state of Florida."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Children's Home Society of Florida Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection processed by Ari Karlene Anderson; finding aid prepared by April Karlene Anderson and Katie Seeler. All paper materials have been placed in acid free folders and stored in archival containers. Some larger paper materials, such as maps and large photographs were also placed in acid free folders but are stored in archival flat files. Paper clips have been removed and replaced with plastic clips. In some cases, rusty staples have also been removed. Post-it notes have been moved to the edges of papers and copies have been made of more fragile materials such as news clippings. Photo blocks have been placed in archival trays, stored in separate bins to prevent them from scraping against one another. Any audio or visual media in cases were kept in their containers but placed collectively in archival boxes. Loose pages and items in the scrapbooks have been secured either with plastic clips or placed in archival folders and the entire book has been wrapped in acid free archival paper. Additional materials processed and integrated into the main collection by Suphi Burak Ogreten. Collection rehoused and container list revised by Asmara Cortes-Caba in 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Collection processed by Ari Karlene Anderson; finding aid prepared by April Karlene Anderson and Katie Seeler. All paper materials have been placed in acid free folders and stored in archival containers. Some larger paper materials, such as maps and large photographs were also placed in acid free folders but are stored in archival flat files. Paper clips have been removed and replaced with plastic clips. In some cases, rusty staples have also been removed. Post-it notes have been moved to the edges of papers and copies have been made of more fragile materials such as news clippings. Photo blocks have been placed in archival trays, stored in separate bins to prevent them from scraping against one another. Any audio or visual media in cases were kept in their containers but placed collectively in archival boxes. Loose pages and items in the scrapbooks have been secured either with plastic clips or placed in archival folders and the entire book has been wrapped in acid free archival paper. Additional materials processed and integrated into the main collection by Suphi Burak Ogreten. Collection rehoused and container list revised by Asmara Cortes-Caba in 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"https://uwf.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/350\"\u003eBlount Family papers\u003c/extref\u003e, University of West Florida University Archives and West Florida History Center, Pensacola, Florida. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdoption Records: This collection does not contain any records on adopted individuals or families from the Children's Home Society of Florida. However, the society does have the CHS Adoptions Archive Unit which is dedicated to the preservation and research of these records. They can be found at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.chsfl.org\"\u003ehttp://www.chsfl.org\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBooks:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeorgia Gertrude Ralph, \u003cextref href=\"https://ucf-flvc.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01FALSC_UCF/6a1ouu/alma990260914050306596\"\u003eElements of Record Keeping for Child-Helping Organizations\u003c/extref\u003e, (New York: The De Vinne Press, 1915.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLawrence Mahoney, \u003cextref href=\"https://ucf-flvc.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01FALSC_UCF/6a1ouu/alma990211238530306596\"\u003eChildren and hope : a history of the Children's Home Society of Florida\u003c/extref\u003e, (Miami: Pickering Press, 1987).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther Locations:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePensacola Historical Society's Historical Resource Center, 110 East Church Street, Pensacola, Florida 32502. Phone: (850) 434-5455 Website: \u003cextref href=\"http://www.pensacolahistory.org\"\u003ehttp://www.pensacolahistory.org\u003c/extref\u003e (Western Division).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFlorida Department of State, State Archives of Florida, R. A. Gray Building 500 South Bronough Street Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250. Website: \u003cextref href=\"https://dos.myflorida.com/library-archives/archives\"\u003ehttps://dos.myflorida.com/library-archives/archives\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Blount Family papers , University of West Florida University Archives and West Florida History Center, Pensacola, Florida. ","Adoption Records: This collection does not contain any records on adopted individuals or families from the Children's Home Society of Florida. However, the society does have the CHS Adoptions Archive Unit which is dedicated to the preservation and research of these records. They can be found at  http://www.chsfl.org .","Books:","Georgia Gertrude Ralph,  Elements of Record Keeping for Child-Helping Organizations , (New York: The De Vinne Press, 1915.)","Lawrence Mahoney,  Children and hope : a history of the Children's Home Society of Florida , (Miami: Pickering Press, 1987).","Other Locations:","Pensacola Historical Society's Historical Resource Center, 110 East Church Street, Pensacola, Florida 32502. Phone: (850) 434-5455 Website:  http://www.pensacolahistory.org  (Western Division).","Florida Department of State, State Archives of Florida, R. A. Gray Building 500 South Bronough Street Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250. Website:  https://dos.myflorida.com/library-archives/archives ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains personal and organizational papers, photographs, audio and visual materials, as well as ledgers and scrapbooks. The collection is arranged by both content and materials types and have been organized into the following series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I: Biographical Files, 1900-1991, contains the files of individuals who were instrumental in the creation and/or the operations of the Children's Home Society of Florida. Correspondence makes up the majority of this series as it show the creation of the society (Comstock, Harkins, Seaton), its resurrection (Fagg), and its continued operations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: State Organizational Files, 1886-2000, includes files that were used in the operations of the society as a whole. Financial documents, correspondence, reports, as well as the meeting minutes of the various committees that ran the society can be found in this series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Division Files, 1921-circa 1995, consists of files for local divisions located throughout the state. Some divisions are no longer in operation, having been closed completely or absorbed into another division. These older divisions can be found here in their original name. Meeting minutes for each division are also located here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997, holds both audio and visual media used by the Children's Home Society of Florida in promoting their society as well as raising funds.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Ledger and Scrapbooks, 1902-1978, includes miscellaneous ledger and scrapbooks created by the Children's Home Society of Florida. The ledger books vary in format but are generally are either inventory or accounting in nature. The scrapbooks are made up of five volumes, all created by workers at the Children's Home Society of Florida. News clippings make up the majority of the scrapbooks contents but some do contain publications made by the Children's Home Society of Florida. There are also four Rose Keller Home scrapbooks made by workers at the Rose Keller Division in Lakeland, Florida. The Rose Keller Home scrapbooks give a brief history of the division as well as chronicle events at the home.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Additional Materials, 1862-2012, holds additional materials received from the Children's Home Society of Florida including organizational files, ephemera, photographs and audio/visual materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains personal and organizational papers, photographs, audio and visual materials, as well as ledgers and scrapbooks. The collection is arranged by both content and materials types and have been organized into the following series:","\nSeries I: Biographical Files, 1900-1991, contains the files of individuals who were instrumental in the creation and/or the operations of the Children's Home Society of Florida. Correspondence makes up the majority of this series as it show the creation of the society (Comstock, Harkins, Seaton), its resurrection (Fagg), and its continued operations.","\nSeries II: State Organizational Files, 1886-2000, includes files that were used in the operations of the society as a whole. Financial documents, correspondence, reports, as well as the meeting minutes of the various committees that ran the society can be found in this series.","\nSeries III: Division Files, 1921-circa 1995, consists of files for local divisions located throughout the state. Some divisions are no longer in operation, having been closed completely or absorbed into another division. These older divisions can be found here in their original name. Meeting minutes for each division are also located here.","\nSeries IV: Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997, holds both audio and visual media used by the Children's Home Society of Florida in promoting their society as well as raising funds.","\nSeries V: Ledger and Scrapbooks, 1902-1978, includes miscellaneous ledger and scrapbooks created by the Children's Home Society of Florida. The ledger books vary in format but are generally are either inventory or accounting in nature. The scrapbooks are made up of five volumes, all created by workers at the Children's Home Society of Florida. News clippings make up the majority of the scrapbooks contents but some do contain publications made by the Children's Home Society of Florida. There are also four Rose Keller Home scrapbooks made by workers at the Rose Keller Division in Lakeland, Florida. The Rose Keller Home scrapbooks give a brief history of the division as well as chronicle events at the home.","\nSeries VI: Additional Materials, 1862-2012, holds additional materials received from the Children's Home Society of Florida including organizational files, ephemera, photographs and audio/visual materials."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Copyright Statement"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_116bbdee47170dbab5d0053b5cc9d529\"\u003eThe Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains organizational papers and ephemera that document the creation and operations of Florida's oldest non-profit adoption agency. The collection includes organizational papers from its state and local divisions, photographs, news clippings, audio and visual media, scrapbooks, and blueprints of the many receiving homes in the state, but does not contain adoption records. Adoption records remain at the CHSFL Adoption Archive and are available by contacting the society directly.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains organizational papers and ephemera that document the creation and operations of Florida's oldest non-profit adoption agency. The collection includes organizational papers from its state and local divisions, photographs, news clippings, audio and visual media, scrapbooks, and blueprints of the many receiving homes in the state, but does not contain adoption records. Adoption records remain at the CHSFL Adoption Archive and are available by contacting the society directly."],"names_coll_ssim":["Florida. Department of Children and Families","Child Welfare League of America","Florida. State Board of Public Welfare"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Children's Home Society of Florida","Florida. Department of Children and Families","Child Welfare League of America","Florida. State Board of Public Welfare"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Children's Home Society of Florida","Florida. Department of Children and Families","Child Welfare League of America","Florida. State Board of Public Welfare"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1225,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870857973089173504,"_root_":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:06:38.475Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_48b41c8f414c0c682c1c97f1c474883c"}},{"id":"b24f066927c0aa3f96b9dff7_aspace_af023d034fa2af1810e5d3868dca111b","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Advertisements, 1891-2001","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/b24f066927c0aa3f96b9dff7_aspace_af023d034fa2af1810e5d3868dca111b#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_af023d034fa2af1810e5d3868dca111b","ref_ssm":["aspace_af023d034fa2af1810e5d3868dca111b","aspace_af023d034fa2af1810e5d3868dca111b"],"id":"b24f066927c0aa3f96b9dff7_aspace_af023d034fa2af1810e5d3868dca111b","title_filing_ssi":"Advertisements","title_ssm":["Advertisements"],"title_tesim":["Advertisements"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1891-2001"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1891-2001"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Advertisements, 1891-2001"],"text":["Advertisements, 1891-2001","Kirkpatrick Kodak Film Camera Collection, bulk 1907-2010","Kodak Annual Reports and Magazines, 1925-2002","/repositories/2/archival_objects/57872","Eastman Kodak Company","Box 1","folder 15"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["b24f066927c0aa3f96b9dff7","b24f066927c0aa3f96b9dff7_aspace_815c6f58034d016a000dd447bf0bf3fb"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Kirkpatrick Kodak Film Camera Collection, bulk 1907-2010","Kodak Annual Reports and Magazines, 1925-2002"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Kirkpatrick Kodak Film Camera Collection, bulk 1907-2010","Kodak Annual Reports and Magazines, 1925-2002"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/2/archival_objects/57872"],"repository_ssim":["Florida Gulf Coast University Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Kirkpatrick Kodak Film Camera Collection, bulk 1907-2010"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":10,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":87,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for use."],"date_range_isim":[1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001],"names_ssim":["Eastman Kodak Company"],"corpname_ssim":["Eastman Kodak Company","Eastman Kodak Company","Eastman Kodak Company","Eastman Kodak Company","Eastman Kodak Company","Eastman Kodak Company","Eastman Kodak Company","Eastman Kodak Company","Eastman Kodak Company","Eastman Kodak Company"],"containers_ssim":["Box 1","folder 15"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#14","_nest_parent_":"b24f066927c0aa3f96b9dff7_aspace_815c6f58034d016a000dd447bf0bf3fb","_root_":"b24f066927c0aa3f96b9dff7","_version_":1879903224713969664,"timestamp":"2026-10-24T04:17:02.734Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"b24f066927c0aa3f96b9dff7","title_ssm":["Kirkpatrick Kodak Film Camera Collection"],"title_tesim":["Kirkpatrick Kodak Film Camera Collection"],"ead_ssi":"b24f066927c0aa3f96b9dff7","unitdate_ssm":["1907-2010"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1907-2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG 02/03/19","/repositories/2/resources/27"],"text":["RG 02/03/19","/repositories/2/resources/27","Kirkpatrick Kodak Film Camera Collection, bulk 1907-2010","Kodak camera.","Brownie camera","Digital cameras.","The collection is open for use.","The collection is organized in two series: Series 1, Camera Equipment; and Series 2, Kodak Annual Reports and Magazines: 1922-2001.","This collection includes a wide array of cameras spanning centuries, accessories to go with cameras, magazines, and annual reports from Kodak.","Range: 9A, Section 2: Shelf: 2-3\nRange: 9A, Section: 3, Shelf: 1-6","Florida Gulf Coast University Special Collections","Eastman Kodak Company","Kross, Walter, active 1934-1956","English"],"unitid_tesim":["RG 02/03/19","/repositories/2/resources/27"],"normalized_date_ssm":["bulk 1907-2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Kirkpatrick Kodak Film Camera Collection, bulk 1907-2010"],"collection_title_tesim":["Kirkpatrick Kodak Film Camera Collection, bulk 1907-2010"],"collection_ssim":["Kirkpatrick Kodak Film Camera Collection, bulk 1907-2010"],"repository_ssm":["Florida Gulf Coast University Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["Florida Gulf Coast University Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Kodak camera.","Brownie camera","Digital cameras."],"geogname_ssim":["Kodak camera.","Brownie camera","Digital cameras."],"places_ssim":["Kodak camera.","Brownie camera","Digital cameras."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["18 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["18 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized in two series: Series 1, Camera Equipment; and Series 2, Kodak Annual Reports and Magazines: 1922-2001.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized in two series: Series 1, Camera Equipment; and Series 2, Kodak Annual Reports and Magazines: 1922-2001."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes a wide array of cameras spanning centuries, accessories to go with cameras, magazines, and annual reports from Kodak.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes a wide array of cameras spanning centuries, accessories to go with cameras, magazines, and annual reports from Kodak."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f2d663b8f3e85e4a4f1966cf577d7003\"\u003eRange: 9A, Section 2: Shelf: 2-3\nRange: 9A, Section: 3, Shelf: 1-6\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Range: 9A, Section 2: Shelf: 2-3\nRange: 9A, Section: 3, Shelf: 1-6"],"names_ssim":["Florida Gulf Coast University Special Collections","Eastman Kodak Company","Kross, Walter, active 1934-1956"],"corpname_ssim":["Florida Gulf Coast University Special Collections","Eastman Kodak Company"],"persname_ssim":["Kross, Walter, active 1934-1956"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":201,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1879903224713969664,"_root_":"b24f066927c0aa3f96b9dff7","timestamp":"2026-10-24T04:17:02.734Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/b24f066927c0aa3f96b9dff7_aspace_af023d034fa2af1810e5d3868dca111b"}},{"id":"045d073fac3c2ee36be6e129_aspace_2220","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Advertisements, 1909-1937","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/045d073fac3c2ee36be6e129_aspace_2220#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a brochure titled \"Wanted! A Name,\" with a cash prize listed for naming America's newest train, an Atlantic Coastline directory, a Florida Special ad for the railroad, and Nassau, Bahamas advertisments.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/045d073fac3c2ee36be6e129_aspace_2220#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_2220","ref_ssm":["aspace_2220","aspace_2220"],"id":"045d073fac3c2ee36be6e129_aspace_2220","title_filing_ssi":"Advertisements","title_ssm":["Advertisements"],"title_tesim":["Advertisements"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1909-1937"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1909-1937"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Advertisements, 1909-1937"],"text":["Advertisements, 1909-1937","Turner Railroad Collection, 1809-2007","Railroads, 1830-present","Atlantic Coast Line Railroad","Folder 1","/repositories/2/archival_objects/11408","English","box 3","folder 1","This folder contains a brochure titled \"Wanted! A Name,\" with a cash prize listed for naming America's newest train, an Atlantic Coastline directory, a Florida Special ad for the railroad, and Nassau, Bahamas advertisments."],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["045d073fac3c2ee36be6e129","045d073fac3c2ee36be6e129_aspace_2217","045d073fac3c2ee36be6e129_aspace_2218"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Turner Railroad Collection, 1809-2007","Railroads, 1830-present","Atlantic Coast Line Railroad"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Turner Railroad Collection, 1809-2007","Railroads, 1830-present","Atlantic Coast Line Railroad"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 1","/repositories/2/archival_objects/11408"],"repository_ssim":["Florida Gulf Coast University Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Turner Railroad Collection, 1809-2007"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":52,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All rights reserved. Material may be used only for research, educational, legal and non-commercial purposes, with acknowledgement of Florida Gulf Coast University Archives and Special Collections."],"date_range_isim":[1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937],"language_ssim":["English"],"containers_ssim":["box 3","folder 1"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a brochure titled \"Wanted! A Name,\" with a cash prize listed for naming America's newest train, an Atlantic Coastline directory, a Florida Special ad for the railroad, and Nassau, Bahamas advertisments.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This folder contains a brochure titled \"Wanted! A Name,\" with a cash prize listed for naming America's newest train, an Atlantic Coastline directory, a Florida Special ad for the railroad, and Nassau, Bahamas advertisments."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#0/components#0","_nest_parent_":"045d073fac3c2ee36be6e129_aspace_2218","_root_":"045d073fac3c2ee36be6e129","timestamp":"2026-04-28T01:56:48.203Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"045d073fac3c2ee36be6e129","title_ssm":["Turner Railroad Collection"],"title_tesim":["Turner Railroad Collection"],"ead_ssi":"045d073fac3c2ee36be6e129","unitdate_ssm":["1809-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1809-2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["02/01/16","/repositories/2/resources/19"],"text":["02/01/16","/repositories/2/resources/19","Turner Railroad Collection, 1809-2007","Railroads--Florida--History--20th century.","Organized in four series: Series 1, Rail Road History, 1830-1890; Series 2, Railroads, 1830-Present; Series 3, Plant Systems Co. Inc., 1860-1902; Series 4, Reference Material.","Gregg M. Turner is a former national director of the Railway \u0026 Locomotive Historical Society at Harvard Business School. Turner is on the business faculty of Southwest Florida College. Turner currently lives in Fort Myers.\nHis books include:\n- A Journey Into Florida Railroad History (2008)\n- Florida Railroads in the 1920's (2005) \n- Fort Myers in Vintage Postcards (2005) \n- The Plant System of railroads, steamships and hotels with Seth Bramson (2004) \n- A milestone celebration: the Seaboard Railway to Naples and Miami (2004) \n- Short History of Florida Railroads (2003) \n- Venice in the 1920's (2000) \n- Fort Myers (2000) \n- Railroads of Southwest Florida (1999)","Consists of publications, advertisements, photographs, administration and research on the east coast railroads of the United States collected by history scholar Gregg M. Turner. Consists of four series, including but not limited to documents and photographs of railroad history (1830-1890), the Plant System Co. Inc.(1860-1902), the three primary railroads on the eastern seaboard of the United States (1830-present), and independent railroads. A portion of the collection has been digitized by Florida Gulf Coast University's Library Archives, Special Collections, and Digital Initiatives and is available on  D [url=https://fgcu.digital.flvc.org/islandora/search/?type=edismax\u0026collection=fgcu:0216]igitalFGCU[/url].","All rights reserved. Material may be used only for research, educational, legal and non-commercial purposes, with acknowledgement of Florida Gulf Coast University Archives and Special Collections.","Florida Gulf Coast University Special Collections","Turner, Gregg M.","Plant, Henry Bradley, 1819-1899.","Flagler, Henry Morrison, 1830-1913","English"],"unitid_tesim":["02/01/16","/repositories/2/resources/19"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1809-2007"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Turner Railroad Collection, 1809-2007"],"collection_title_tesim":["Turner Railroad Collection, 1809-2007"],"collection_ssim":["Turner Railroad Collection, 1809-2007"],"repository_ssm":["Florida Gulf Coast University Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["Florida Gulf Coast University Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Railroads--Florida--History--20th century."],"geogname_ssim":["Railroads--Florida--History--20th century."],"places_ssim":["Railroads--Florida--History--20th century."],"access_terms_ssm":["All rights reserved. Material may be used only for research, educational, legal and non-commercial purposes, with acknowledgement of Florida Gulf Coast University Archives and Special Collections."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gregg M. Turner - Date acquired: 04/18/2014","Gift to Florida Gulf Coast University Archives and Special Collections."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["14.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["14.00 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized in four series: Series 1, Rail Road History, 1830-1890; Series 2, Railroads, 1830-Present; Series 3, Plant Systems Co. Inc., 1860-1902; Series 4, Reference Material.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized in four series: Series 1, Rail Road History, 1830-1890; Series 2, Railroads, 1830-Present; Series 3, Plant Systems Co. Inc., 1860-1902; Series 4, Reference Material."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGregg M. Turner is a former national director of the Railway \u0026amp; Locomotive Historical Society at Harvard Business School. Turner is on the business faculty of Southwest Florida College. Turner currently lives in Fort Myers.\nHis books include:\n- A Journey Into Florida Railroad History (2008)\n- Florida Railroads in the 1920's (2005) \n- Fort Myers in Vintage Postcards (2005) \n- The Plant System of railroads, steamships and hotels with Seth Bramson (2004) \n- A milestone celebration: the Seaboard Railway to Naples and Miami (2004) \n- Short History of Florida Railroads (2003) \n- Venice in the 1920's (2000) \n- Fort Myers (2000) \n- Railroads of Southwest Florida (1999)\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Gregg M. Turner is a former national director of the Railway \u0026 Locomotive Historical Society at Harvard Business School. Turner is on the business faculty of Southwest Florida College. Turner currently lives in Fort Myers.\nHis books include:\n- A Journey Into Florida Railroad History (2008)\n- Florida Railroads in the 1920's (2005) \n- Fort Myers in Vintage Postcards (2005) \n- The Plant System of railroads, steamships and hotels with Seth Bramson (2004) \n- A milestone celebration: the Seaboard Railway to Naples and Miami (2004) \n- Short History of Florida Railroads (2003) \n- Venice in the 1920's (2000) \n- Fort Myers (2000) \n- Railroads of Southwest Florida (1999)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConsists of publications, advertisements, photographs, administration and research on the east coast railroads of the United States collected by history scholar Gregg M. Turner. Consists of four series, including but not limited to documents and photographs of railroad history (1830-1890), the Plant System Co. Inc.(1860-1902), the three primary railroads on the eastern seaboard of the United States (1830-present), and independent railroads. A portion of the collection has been digitized by Florida Gulf Coast University's Library Archives, Special Collections, and Digital Initiatives and is available on \u003ca href=\"mailto:mailto:http://fgcu.digital.flvc.org/islandora/object/fgcu:root\"\u003eD\u003c/a\u003e[url=https://fgcu.digital.flvc.org/islandora/search/?type=edismax\u0026amp;collection=fgcu:0216]igitalFGCU[/url].\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Consists of publications, advertisements, photographs, administration and research on the east coast railroads of the United States collected by history scholar Gregg M. Turner. Consists of four series, including but not limited to documents and photographs of railroad history (1830-1890), the Plant System Co. Inc.(1860-1902), the three primary railroads on the eastern seaboard of the United States (1830-present), and independent railroads. A portion of the collection has been digitized by Florida Gulf Coast University's Library Archives, Special Collections, and Digital Initiatives and is available on  D [url=https://fgcu.digital.flvc.org/islandora/search/?type=edismax\u0026collection=fgcu:0216]igitalFGCU[/url]."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll rights reserved. Material may be used only for research, educational, legal and non-commercial purposes, with acknowledgement of Florida Gulf Coast University Archives and Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All rights reserved. Material may be used only for research, educational, legal and non-commercial purposes, with acknowledgement of Florida Gulf Coast University Archives and Special Collections."],"names_ssim":["Florida Gulf Coast University Special Collections","Turner, Gregg M.","Plant, Henry Bradley, 1819-1899.","Flagler, Henry Morrison, 1830-1913"],"corpname_ssim":["Florida Gulf Coast University Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Turner, Gregg M.","Plant, Henry Bradley, 1819-1899.","Flagler, Henry Morrison, 1830-1913"],"persname_ssim":["Turner, Gregg M.","Plant, Henry Bradley, 1819-1899.","Flagler, Henry Morrison, 1830-1913"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":568,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"045d073fac3c2ee36be6e129","timestamp":"2026-04-28T01:56:48.203Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/045d073fac3c2ee36be6e129_aspace_2220"}},{"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52623","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Advertisements, 1921-1997","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52623#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_52623","ref_ssm":["aspace_52623","aspace_52623"],"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52623","title_filing_ssi":"Advertisements","title_ssm":["Advertisements"],"title_tesim":["Advertisements"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1921-1997"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1921-1997"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Advertisements, 1921-1997"],"text":["Advertisements, 1921-1997","Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Subject Files, 1880-2003.","Folder 11-13","/repositories/4/archival_objects/32162","box 39","folder 11-13"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52621"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Subject Files, 1880-2003."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Subject Files, 1880-2003."],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 11-13","/repositories/4/archival_objects/32162"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":3,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":1232,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n\n  Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence\n  Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"\n"],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997],"containers_ssim":["box 39","folder 11-13"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#0","_nest_parent_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52621","_root_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:53:59.490Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","title_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection"],"title_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection"],"ead_ssi":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","unitdate_ssm":["1754-2014"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1754-2014"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148"],"text":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148","Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Marineland (Fla.)","Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)","The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"","The collection is divided into eight series by type of file.","Michael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004.","Materials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023.","A large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library  Online Catalog .  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling  and the  Henry Nehrling Papers  are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the  Harry P. Leu Gardens . The  Henry Nehrling Collection  and the  Theodore L. Mead Collection  are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the  Smithsonian Institution Archives .","Series I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.","\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.","\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.","\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.","\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.","\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.","\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.","\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder.","Michael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here.","UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society","Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1754-2014"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"collection_title_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"collection_ssim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"creator_ssm":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creator_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creators_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"places_ssim":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Some of these materials were donated to and others were purchased by the University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives from Michael A. Spencer in 2006 (CFM2006_09), 2011 (CFM2011_02), 2012 (CFM2012_10), and 2014 (CFM2014_01)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["130 Linear Feet 259 boxes, 2 flat files"],"extent_tesim":["130 Linear Feet 259 boxes, 2 flat files"],"genreform_ssim":["botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"date_range_isim":[1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBoxes 180-181: Personal correspondence\u003c/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBoxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\""],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into eight series by type of file.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into eight series by type of file."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Materials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library \u003cextref href=\"https://library.ucf.edu\"\u003eOnline Catalog\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08c\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally\u003c/extref\u003e, \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08b\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead\u003c/extref\u003e, \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08a\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling\u003c/extref\u003e and the \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM1999-03\"\u003eHenry Nehrling Papers\u003c/extref\u003e are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the \u003cextref href=\"http://www.leugardens.org/\"\u003eHarry P. Leu Gardens\u003c/extref\u003e. The \u003cextref href=\"https://aspace.rollins.edu/repositories/2/resources/4\"\u003eHenry Nehrling Collection\u003c/extref\u003e and the \u003cextref href=\"https://aspace.rollins.edu/repositories/2/resources/97\"\u003eTheodore L. Mead Collection\u003c/extref\u003e are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the \u003cextref href=\"http://siarchives.si.edu/\"\u003eSmithsonian Institution Archives\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["A large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library  Online Catalog .  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling  and the  Henry Nehrling Papers  are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the  Harry P. Leu Gardens . The  Henry Nehrling Collection  and the  Theodore L. Mead Collection  are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the  Smithsonian Institution Archives ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.","\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.","\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.","\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.","\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.","\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.","\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.","\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Copyright Statement"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8e33310d6b1a70e4d88f1e2d3043cf71\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here."],"names_coll_ssim":["Bromeliad Society","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society","Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society"],"persname_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3662,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:53:59.490Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52623"}},{"id":"2bb3983b5e939fe12a4bfbd3_aspace_132ecd436a962d5cba6d514148aeedd8","type":"Drawer","attributes":{"title":"Advertisements, bulk 1890-1935","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/2bb3983b5e939fe12a4bfbd3_aspace_132ecd436a962d5cba6d514148aeedd8#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["This collection consists of printed advertisements for various products and services."],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/2bb3983b5e939fe12a4bfbd3_aspace_132ecd436a962d5cba6d514148aeedd8#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_132ecd436a962d5cba6d514148aeedd8","ref_ssm":["aspace_132ecd436a962d5cba6d514148aeedd8","aspace_132ecd436a962d5cba6d514148aeedd8"],"id":"2bb3983b5e939fe12a4bfbd3_aspace_132ecd436a962d5cba6d514148aeedd8","title_filing_ssi":"Advertisements ","title_ssm":["Advertisements "],"title_tesim":["Advertisements "],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1890-1935"],"normalized_date_ssm":["bulk 1890-1935"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Advertisements, bulk 1890-1935"],"text":["Advertisements, bulk 1890-1935","Non-Florida Broadsides and Printed Ephemera, bulk 1743-2003","Folder 12 ","/repositories/2/archival_objects/180826","Restaurants","Advertisements","Advertising","English","case 7","The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","This collection consists of printed advertisements for various products and services.","Map case 7, drawer 8"],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["2bb3983b5e939fe12a4bfbd3"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Non-Florida Broadsides and Printed Ephemera, bulk 1743-2003"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Non-Florida Broadsides and Printed Ephemera, bulk 1743-2003"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 12 ","/repositories/2/archival_objects/180826"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Non-Florida Broadsides and Printed Ephemera, bulk 1743-2003"],"extent_ssm":["1 folders"],"extent_tesim":["1 folders"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Drawer"],"level_ssim":["Drawer"],"sort_isi":12,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"date_range_isim":[1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935],"access_subjects_ssim":["Restaurants","Advertisements","Advertising"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Restaurants","Advertisements","Advertising"],"language_ssim":["English"],"containers_ssim":["case 7"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7770a7405040ade5f0075a7d233311c8\"\u003eThis collection consists of printed advertisements for various products and services.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of printed advertisements for various products and services."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_e76819de32f69f651eca7d9a9017fa0f\"\u003eMap case 7, drawer 8\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Map case 7, drawer 8"],"_nest_path_":"/components#11","_nest_parent_":"2bb3983b5e939fe12a4bfbd3","_root_":"2bb3983b5e939fe12a4bfbd3","_version_":1874033256746188800,"timestamp":"2026-08-20T09:16:25.049Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"2bb3983b5e939fe12a4bfbd3","title_ssm":["Non-Florida Broadsides and Printed Ephemera"],"title_tesim":["Non-Florida Broadsides and Printed Ephemera"],"ead_ssi":"2bb3983b5e939fe12a4bfbd3","unitdate_ssm":["1743-2003"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1743-2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-1962-02","/repositories/2/resources/75"],"text":["MS-1962-02","/repositories/2/resources/75","Non-Florida Broadsides and Printed Ephemera, bulk 1743-2003","Holidays","Poetry","Flags","Religion.","Metaphysics","Restaurants","Advertisements","World's Columbian Exposition (1893 : Chicago, Ill.).","Children's literature","Children -- Posters","Indigenous peoples -- North America","Graphic design (Typography) -- History","Political cartoons","Encyclopedias","Children's literature -- Illustrations","Documents in this collection are arranged by topic.","This collection contains assorted over-sized illustrations and graphics for a number of topics not related to Florida history.","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","Map case 7, drawer 8","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","English Dutch; Flemish Spanish; Castilian French German"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-1962-02","/repositories/2/resources/75"],"normalized_date_ssm":["bulk 1743-2003"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Non-Florida Broadsides and Printed Ephemera, bulk 1743-2003"],"collection_title_tesim":["Non-Florida Broadsides and Printed Ephemera, bulk 1743-2003"],"collection_ssim":["Non-Florida Broadsides and Printed Ephemera, bulk 1743-2003"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Holidays"],"geogname_ssim":["Holidays"],"places_ssim":["Holidays"],"access_terms_ssm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Poetry","Flags","Religion.","Metaphysics","Restaurants","Advertisements","World's Columbian Exposition (1893 : Chicago, Ill.).","Children's literature","Children -- Posters","Indigenous peoples -- North America","Graphic design (Typography) -- History","Political cartoons","Encyclopedias","Children's literature -- Illustrations"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Poetry","Flags","Religion.","Metaphysics","Restaurants","Advertisements","World's Columbian Exposition (1893 : Chicago, Ill.).","Children's literature","Children -- Posters","Indigenous peoples -- North America","Graphic design (Typography) -- History","Political cartoons","Encyclopedias","Children's literature -- Illustrations"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["7.00 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Political cartoons","Encyclopedias","Children's literature -- Illustrations"],"date_range_isim":[1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDocuments in this collection are arranged by topic.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Documents in this collection are arranged by topic."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains assorted over-sized illustrations and graphics for a number of topics not related to Florida history.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains assorted over-sized illustrations and graphics for a number of topics not related to Florida history."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0;The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f37dbf0249c5bb2614427617c6ed21e4\"\u003eMap case 7, drawer 8\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Map case 7, drawer 8"],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["English Dutch; Flemish Spanish; Castilian French German"],"descrules_ssm":["other_unmapped"],"total_component_count_is":18,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1874033256746188800,"_root_":"2bb3983b5e939fe12a4bfbd3","timestamp":"2026-08-20T09:16:25.049Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/2bb3983b5e939fe12a4bfbd3_aspace_132ecd436a962d5cba6d514148aeedd8"}},{"id":"45807c67f367973431520ee3_aspace_3902dbdfcd45c6eaec847cb42b4c05b9","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Advertising Cards, 1900-1971, Undated","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/45807c67f367973431520ee3_aspace_3902dbdfcd45c6eaec847cb42b4c05b9#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_3902dbdfcd45c6eaec847cb42b4c05b9","ref_ssm":["aspace_3902dbdfcd45c6eaec847cb42b4c05b9","aspace_3902dbdfcd45c6eaec847cb42b4c05b9"],"id":"45807c67f367973431520ee3_aspace_3902dbdfcd45c6eaec847cb42b4c05b9","title_filing_ssi":"Advertising Cards","title_ssm":["Advertising Cards"],"title_tesim":["Advertising Cards"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1900-1971"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1900-1971, Undated"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Advertising Cards, 1900-1971, Undated"],"text":["Advertising Cards, 1900-1971, Undated","Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, 1858-2019","/repositories/3/archival_objects/9627","box 1","folder 1","box 4","folder 1"],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["45807c67f367973431520ee3"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, 1858-2019"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, 1858-2019"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/3/archival_objects/9627"],"repository_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, 1858-2019"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 1","box 4","folder 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","_nest_parent_":"45807c67f367973431520ee3","_root_":"45807c67f367973431520ee3","_version_":1872853597225484288,"timestamp":"2026-08-07T08:46:14.061Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"45807c67f367973431520ee3","title_ssm":["Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection"],"title_tesim":["Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection"],"ead_ssi":"45807c67f367973431520ee3","unitdate_ssm":["1858-2019"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1858-2019"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["2024.001","/repositories/3/resources/82"],"text":["2024.001","/repositories/3/resources/82","Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, 1858-2019","The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.","\tIn the United States, the traditional picture postcard rose to popularity in the early 20th century. Postcard history is often divided into eight distinct \"eras\" beginning in the 1850s and continuing through the \"Golden Age of Postcards\" beginning around 1905 and lasting through 1915. In this golden age, millions of cards were printed and sold throughout the entire U.S. and collecting cards became a popular hobby. The Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection contains examples from many of the documented eras, including photographic cards popularized in the nineteen teens and twenties. ","\nAdvances in printing and photographic techniques along with faster shipping methods between the U.S. and Europe allowed for the mass production of brightly colored pictorial cards to be quickly manufactured and distributed to sellers. In addition to the printers in major U.S. cities, a network of publishers and photographers allowed many local businesses in small towns across the U.S. to commission postcards of local \"views\" that were cheaply printed in Germany. Many images of small-town life, including municipal architecture, private residences, and street scenes were preserved and are a useful tool for local historians and researchers. These views act as a \"visual record of a town\" and help develop a fuller understanding of the locations represented in the postcards. Additionally, postcards depicted natural disasters, fires, local amusements, and tourist attractions and were important to the souvenir trade of the time.  ","\nAt the height of the industry's popularity, publishers would often share or even steal negatives to create their own postcards and often would change or distort the negative to make them appear different from other printers. Misspellings were common and incorrectly captioned cards were also prevalent. The Northeast Florida Regional Postcard collection has several examples of this business tactic and many examples of misspellings in the captions or titles on the cards. ","\nEnthusiasm for postcard collecting began to wane around 1912 and ended with the start of World War I. Even though the initial craze for postcards diminished, they are still produced and continue to be a useful visual record for researchers and historians of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection supports many of our Florida ephemera or Floridiana collections and is a great resource for the visual history of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and the other towns of Northeast Florida. ","Sources:\n New York State Library Postcard Collection-Appendix C","Greetings from the Smithsonian: A Postcard History","This collection contains postcards related to Northeast Florida's agricultural, shipping, manufacturing, and tourism industries and is part of a larger ephemera collection related to region. The collection was donated over several years by UNF library staff. Postcards range in date from the late 19th century through the late 20th century, with the bulk dates falling between 1900 and 1950. The collection is arranged alphabetically by series and chronologically within each series. \nSeries in this collection include the following:","Series 1- Advertising Cards (arranged chronologically) contains business advertisement cards from Northeast Florida business and organizations.","Series 2- Agriculture (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the agricultural industry in Northeast Florida","Series 3- Airports (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville International Airport and local municipal airports in Northeast Florida.","Series 4- Alligator Farm; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes from the Alligator farm, an early 20th century tourist attraction in Jacksonville, Florida.","Series 5- Atlantic Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting panoramic views of Atlantic Beach, local hotels, and other tourist attractions.","Series 6- Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting steamer ships owned by the Clyde Line, commercial shipping docks, and views of the intracoastal waterway.","Series 7- Bank Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the Florida National Bank, Atlantic National Bank, Barnett First National Bank, and other local Northeast Florida Bank buildings.","Series 8- Bridges (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting local Jacksonville, Florida bridges, including the Fuller Warren Bridge, Main Street Bridge, Matthews Bridge, Napolean Bonaparte Broward Bridge, and Hart Bridge.","Series 9- Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting buildings in downtown Jacksonville, including structures of architectural significance like the St. James Building and the Shriners Temple.","Series 10- Church Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting churches of different denominations, including Catholic, Baptist, Methodist, and Episcopal, in the Northeast Florida area.","Series 11- Clubs (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area athletic and social clubs. Examples include the Seminole Club, Fort George Club, Masonic Temple, and San Jose Golf Club.","Series 12- Cumberland Island, Georgia (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Thomas M. Carnegie's home, Dungeness. ","Series 13- Dixieland Park; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting early 20th century tourist attraction on the Southbank of Jacksonville. ","Series 14- Docks and Shipping (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of commercial shipping docks and steamer ships on the St Johns River in downtown Jacksonville. ","Series 15- Dwellings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting private residences in the Riverside, Springfield, Mandarin, and Ortega neighborhoods of Jacksonville. ","Series 16- Epping Forest; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the mansion of Alfred I. du Pont, now the Epping Forest Yacht Club.","Series 17- Eustis, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting photographic postcard taken in Eustis, Florida.","Series 18- Fernandina Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting businesses, municipal buildings, hotels, private residences, and beach scenes.","Series 19- Florida Ostrich Farm; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting tourist attraction popular in the early 20th century, with scenes of the farm with birds and ostriches racing. ","Series 20- Fort Clinch State Park, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting structures and ruins of the Civil War fort near Amelia Island and Fernandina Beach.","Series 21- Friendship Park; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Friendship fountain and the downtown Jacksonville skyline across from the park located on the Southbank. ","Series 22- Gardens (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of plants native to Northeast Florida and Cummer Museum and Gardens. ","Series 23- General (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a variety of scenes of locations in Jacksonville, cards printed by local printer H\u0026WB Drew Company, and cards addressed to Jacksonville addresses.","Series 24- Green Cove Springs, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Springs, the bathing pavilion, and the Qui-Si-Sana Hotel and Health Spa. ","Series 25- Hemming Park; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the grounds and businesses surrounding the park, known today as James Weldon Johnson Park. ","Series 26- Highways (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting several multi-lane highways and expressways in Jacksonville. ","Series 27- Hilliard, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a hotel located in Hilliard, Florida near the Florida/Georgia Border. ","Series 28- Hospitals (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area hospitals, including St. Vincent's Hospital, De Soto Sanatorium, St. Luke's Hospital, and Brewster Hospital. ","Series 29- Hotels (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area hotels, including Hotel Burbridge, Hotel Roosevelt, Aragon Hotel, and Windsor Hotel. ","Series 30- Jacksonville Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of local businesses, hotels, restaurants, and beaches.","Series 31- Keystone Heights, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a hotel in Keystone Heights, Florida. ","Series 32- Kingsley Plantation; Fort George Island, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting National Park Kingsley Plantation on Fort George Island. ","Series 33- Library Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the exteriors of Jacksonville area public library buildings.","Series 34- Marineland, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting aerial views of Marineland Studios, dolphins, and businesses at the historic tourist attraction. ","Series 35- Military Bases (arranged chronologically) contains photographic postcards depicting Camp Foster, founded as a work camp during the Great Depression, Camp Blanding Army Camp, and Camp Joseph E. Johnston.","Series 36- Mining (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting phosphate mining in Florida. ","Series 37- Monuments (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting monuments in the Jacksonville area.","Series 38- Motels (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting mid-20th century tourist motels in the Jacksonville area along U.S. Highway 1.","Series 39- Museums (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting artwork from the collections of the Cummer Museum in the Riverside neighborhood of Jacksonville, Florida. ","Series 40- Naval Air Station; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting structures at Mayport, Cecil Field, and Jacksonville Naval Air stations. ","Series 41- Neptune Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of beach front at Neptune Beach.","Series 42- Orange Park, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting structures at Moosehaven Retirement Community located in Orange Park, Florida on the St. Johns River. ","Series 43- Oriental Gardens; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes from the former tourist attraction located on San Jose Boulevard.","Series 44- Parks (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting historic images of parks in various Jacksonville neighborhoods, including Riverside and Springfield parks. ","Series 45- Persons (arranged chronologically) contains photographic postcards depicting portraits of visitors to Jacksonville. ","Series 46- Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting views of structures on the Ponte Vedra Inn and Club.","Series 47- Post Office Building (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting early 20th century Federal Post Office in downtown Jacksonville. ","Series 48- Public Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various municipal buildings including the original Duval County Courthouse, The Armory, and the Civic Auditorium of Jacksonville. ","Series 49- Restaurants (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area restaurants.","Series 50- St. Augustine, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting businesses, tourist attractions, and historic sites in St. Augustine, Florida","Series 51- St. Johns River, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes from the St. Johns River, ","Series 52- Sanford, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a steamer ship in Sanford, Florida.","Series 53- Schools (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting school buildings in the Jacksonville area including Central Grammar School, Duval High School, Edward Waters College.","Series 54- Silver Springs, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a scene of glass-bottom boats at the springs. ","Series 55- Souvenir Postcard Booklets (arranged chronologically) contains multi-postcard booklets depicting scenes from Northeast Florida.","Series 56- Streets (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting street views in downtown Jacksonville, and the Riverside and Springfield neighborhoods. ","Series 57- Theaters (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the Palace and New Palace theaters.","Series 58- Trailer Camps (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of tourist trailer campgrounds near Jacksonville. ","Series 59- Trees (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various species of trees native to Northeast Florida and the famous Treaty Oak live oak tree located in Jesse Ball duPont Park. ","Series 60- Turpentine Industry (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of turpentine camps in Northeast Florida.","Series 61- Union Station (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various scenes of the historic Union Station in Downtown Jacksonville, now the Prime F. Osborn III Convention Center.","Series 62- Universities and Colleges (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville University, University of North Florida, and Edward Waters College campuses. ","Series 63- Viaducts/Trains (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting railroad viaducts and close-up depictions of train engines. ","Series 64- Waterfronts (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various views of the Jacksonville skyline as seen from the St. Johns River. ","Series 65- Waterworks; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the historic waterworks located in the Springfield neighborhood of Jacksonville. ","Series 66- Zoos (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting views from the Jacksonville Zoo during the early and mid-20th century. ","Series 67- Sensitive Content (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting content that may be harmful or distressing to viewers. These items are available to review in person only.","Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information","UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["2024.001","/repositories/3/resources/82"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1858-2019"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, 1858-2019"],"collection_title_tesim":["Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, 1858-2019"],"collection_ssim":["Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, 1858-2019"],"repository_ssm":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was acquired through donation."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.92 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1.92 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\tIn the United States, the traditional picture postcard rose to popularity in the early 20th century. Postcard history is often divided into eight distinct \"eras\" beginning in the 1850s and continuing through the \"Golden Age of Postcards\" beginning around 1905 and lasting through 1915. In this golden age, millions of cards were printed and sold throughout the entire U.S. and collecting cards became a popular hobby. The Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection contains examples from many of the documented eras, including photographic cards popularized in the nineteen teens and twenties. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAdvances in printing and photographic techniques along with faster shipping methods between the U.S. and Europe allowed for the mass production of brightly colored pictorial cards to be quickly manufactured and distributed to sellers. In addition to the printers in major U.S. cities, a network of publishers and photographers allowed many local businesses in small towns across the U.S. to commission postcards of local \"views\" that were cheaply printed in Germany. Many images of small-town life, including municipal architecture, private residences, and street scenes were preserved and are a useful tool for local historians and researchers. These views act as a \"visual record of a town\" and help develop a fuller understanding of the locations represented in the postcards. Additionally, postcards depicted natural disasters, fires, local amusements, and tourist attractions and were important to the souvenir trade of the time.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAt the height of the industry's popularity, publishers would often share or even steal negatives to create their own postcards and often would change or distort the negative to make them appear different from other printers. Misspellings were common and incorrectly captioned cards were also prevalent. The Northeast Florida Regional Postcard collection has several examples of this business tactic and many examples of misspellings in the captions or titles on the cards. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nEnthusiasm for postcard collecting began to wane around 1912 and ended with the start of World War I. Even though the initial craze for postcards diminished, they are still produced and continue to be a useful visual record for researchers and historians of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection supports many of our Florida ephemera or Floridiana collections and is a great resource for the visual history of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and the other towns of Northeast Florida. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\n\u003cextref href=\"https://www.nysl.nysed.gov/msscfa/qc16510ess.htm\"\u003eNew York State Library Postcard Collection-Appendix C\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"https://siarchives.si.edu/history/featured-topics/postcard/postcard-history\"\u003eGreetings from the Smithsonian: A Postcard History\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["\tIn the United States, the traditional picture postcard rose to popularity in the early 20th century. Postcard history is often divided into eight distinct \"eras\" beginning in the 1850s and continuing through the \"Golden Age of Postcards\" beginning around 1905 and lasting through 1915. In this golden age, millions of cards were printed and sold throughout the entire U.S. and collecting cards became a popular hobby. The Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection contains examples from many of the documented eras, including photographic cards popularized in the nineteen teens and twenties. ","\nAdvances in printing and photographic techniques along with faster shipping methods between the U.S. and Europe allowed for the mass production of brightly colored pictorial cards to be quickly manufactured and distributed to sellers. In addition to the printers in major U.S. cities, a network of publishers and photographers allowed many local businesses in small towns across the U.S. to commission postcards of local \"views\" that were cheaply printed in Germany. Many images of small-town life, including municipal architecture, private residences, and street scenes were preserved and are a useful tool for local historians and researchers. These views act as a \"visual record of a town\" and help develop a fuller understanding of the locations represented in the postcards. Additionally, postcards depicted natural disasters, fires, local amusements, and tourist attractions and were important to the souvenir trade of the time.  ","\nAt the height of the industry's popularity, publishers would often share or even steal negatives to create their own postcards and often would change or distort the negative to make them appear different from other printers. Misspellings were common and incorrectly captioned cards were also prevalent. The Northeast Florida Regional Postcard collection has several examples of this business tactic and many examples of misspellings in the captions or titles on the cards. ","\nEnthusiasm for postcard collecting began to wane around 1912 and ended with the start of World War I. Even though the initial craze for postcards diminished, they are still produced and continue to be a useful visual record for researchers and historians of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection supports many of our Florida ephemera or Floridiana collections and is a great resource for the visual history of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and the other towns of Northeast Florida. ","Sources:\n New York State Library Postcard Collection-Appendix C","Greetings from the Smithsonian: A Postcard History"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNortheast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains postcards related to Northeast Florida's agricultural, shipping, manufacturing, and tourism industries and is part of a larger ephemera collection related to region. The collection was donated over several years by UNF library staff. Postcards range in date from the late 19th century through the late 20th century, with the bulk dates falling between 1900 and 1950. The collection is arranged alphabetically by series and chronologically within each series. \nSeries in this collection include the following:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1- Advertising Cards (arranged chronologically) contains business advertisement cards from Northeast Florida business and organizations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2- Agriculture (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the agricultural industry in Northeast Florida\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3- Airports (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville International Airport and local municipal airports in Northeast Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4- Alligator Farm; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes from the Alligator farm, an early 20th century tourist attraction in Jacksonville, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5- Atlantic Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting panoramic views of Atlantic Beach, local hotels, and other tourist attractions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6- Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting steamer ships owned by the Clyde Line, commercial shipping docks, and views of the intracoastal waterway.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7- Bank Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the Florida National Bank, Atlantic National Bank, Barnett First National Bank, and other local Northeast Florida Bank buildings.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8- Bridges (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting local Jacksonville, Florida bridges, including the Fuller Warren Bridge, Main Street Bridge, Matthews Bridge, Napolean Bonaparte Broward Bridge, and Hart Bridge.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9- Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting buildings in downtown Jacksonville, including structures of architectural significance like the St. James Building and the Shriners Temple.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 10- Church Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting churches of different denominations, including Catholic, Baptist, Methodist, and Episcopal, in the Northeast Florida area.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 11- Clubs (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area athletic and social clubs. Examples include the Seminole Club, Fort George Club, Masonic Temple, and San Jose Golf Club.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 12- Cumberland Island, Georgia (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Thomas M. Carnegie's home, Dungeness. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 13- Dixieland Park; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting early 20th century tourist attraction on the Southbank of Jacksonville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 14- Docks and Shipping (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of commercial shipping docks and steamer ships on the St Johns River in downtown Jacksonville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 15- Dwellings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting private residences in the Riverside, Springfield, Mandarin, and Ortega neighborhoods of Jacksonville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 16- Epping Forest; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the mansion of Alfred I. du Pont, now the Epping Forest Yacht Club.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 17- Eustis, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting photographic postcard taken in Eustis, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 18- Fernandina Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting businesses, municipal buildings, hotels, private residences, and beach scenes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 19- Florida Ostrich Farm; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting tourist attraction popular in the early 20th century, with scenes of the farm with birds and ostriches racing. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 20- Fort Clinch State Park, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting structures and ruins of the Civil War fort near Amelia Island and Fernandina Beach.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 21- Friendship Park; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Friendship fountain and the downtown Jacksonville skyline across from the park located on the Southbank. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 22- Gardens (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of plants native to Northeast Florida and Cummer Museum and Gardens. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 23- General (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a variety of scenes of locations in Jacksonville, cards printed by local printer H\u0026amp;WB Drew Company, and cards addressed to Jacksonville addresses.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 24- Green Cove Springs, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Springs, the bathing pavilion, and the Qui-Si-Sana Hotel and Health Spa. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 25- Hemming Park; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the grounds and businesses surrounding the park, known today as James Weldon Johnson Park. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 26- Highways (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting several multi-lane highways and expressways in Jacksonville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 27- Hilliard, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a hotel located in Hilliard, Florida near the Florida/Georgia Border. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 28- Hospitals (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area hospitals, including St. Vincent's Hospital, De Soto Sanatorium, St. Luke's Hospital, and Brewster Hospital. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 29- Hotels (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area hotels, including Hotel Burbridge, Hotel Roosevelt, Aragon Hotel, and Windsor Hotel. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 30- Jacksonville Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of local businesses, hotels, restaurants, and beaches.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 31- Keystone Heights, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a hotel in Keystone Heights, Florida. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 32- Kingsley Plantation; Fort George Island, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting National Park Kingsley Plantation on Fort George Island. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 33- Library Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the exteriors of Jacksonville area public library buildings.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 34- Marineland, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting aerial views of Marineland Studios, dolphins, and businesses at the historic tourist attraction. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 35- Military Bases (arranged chronologically) contains photographic postcards depicting Camp Foster, founded as a work camp during the Great Depression, Camp Blanding Army Camp, and Camp Joseph E. Johnston.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 36- Mining (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting phosphate mining in Florida. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 37- Monuments (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting monuments in the Jacksonville area.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 38- Motels (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting mid-20th century tourist motels in the Jacksonville area along U.S. Highway 1.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 39- Museums (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting artwork from the collections of the Cummer Museum in the Riverside neighborhood of Jacksonville, Florida. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 40- Naval Air Station; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting structures at Mayport, Cecil Field, and Jacksonville Naval Air stations. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 41- Neptune Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of beach front at Neptune Beach.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 42- Orange Park, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting structures at Moosehaven Retirement Community located in Orange Park, Florida on the St. Johns River. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 43- Oriental Gardens; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes from the former tourist attraction located on San Jose Boulevard.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 44- Parks (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting historic images of parks in various Jacksonville neighborhoods, including Riverside and Springfield parks. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 45- Persons (arranged chronologically) contains photographic postcards depicting portraits of visitors to Jacksonville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 46- Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting views of structures on the Ponte Vedra Inn and Club.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 47- Post Office Building (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting early 20th century Federal Post Office in downtown Jacksonville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 48- Public Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various municipal buildings including the original Duval County Courthouse, The Armory, and the Civic Auditorium of Jacksonville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 49- Restaurants (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area restaurants.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 50- St. Augustine, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting businesses, tourist attractions, and historic sites in St. Augustine, Florida\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 51- St. Johns River, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes from the St. Johns River, \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 52- Sanford, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a steamer ship in Sanford, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 53- Schools (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting school buildings in the Jacksonville area including Central Grammar School, Duval High School, Edward Waters College.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 54- Silver Springs, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a scene of glass-bottom boats at the springs. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 55- Souvenir Postcard Booklets (arranged chronologically) contains multi-postcard booklets depicting scenes from Northeast Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 56- Streets (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting street views in downtown Jacksonville, and the Riverside and Springfield neighborhoods. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 57- Theaters (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the Palace and New Palace theaters.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 58- Trailer Camps (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of tourist trailer campgrounds near Jacksonville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 59- Trees (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various species of trees native to Northeast Florida and the famous Treaty Oak live oak tree located in Jesse Ball duPont Park. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 60- Turpentine Industry (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of turpentine camps in Northeast Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 61- Union Station (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various scenes of the historic Union Station in Downtown Jacksonville, now the Prime F. Osborn III Convention Center.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 62- Universities and Colleges (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville University, University of North Florida, and Edward Waters College campuses. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 63- Viaducts/Trains (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting railroad viaducts and close-up depictions of train engines. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 64- Waterfronts (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various views of the Jacksonville skyline as seen from the St. Johns River. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 65- Waterworks; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the historic waterworks located in the Springfield neighborhood of Jacksonville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 66- Zoos (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting views from the Jacksonville Zoo during the early and mid-20th century. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 67- Sensitive Content (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting content that may be harmful or distressing to viewers. These items are available to review in person only.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains postcards related to Northeast Florida's agricultural, shipping, manufacturing, and tourism industries and is part of a larger ephemera collection related to region. The collection was donated over several years by UNF library staff. Postcards range in date from the late 19th century through the late 20th century, with the bulk dates falling between 1900 and 1950. The collection is arranged alphabetically by series and chronologically within each series. \nSeries in this collection include the following:","Series 1- Advertising Cards (arranged chronologically) contains business advertisement cards from Northeast Florida business and organizations.","Series 2- Agriculture (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the agricultural industry in Northeast Florida","Series 3- Airports (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville International Airport and local municipal airports in Northeast Florida.","Series 4- Alligator Farm; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes from the Alligator farm, an early 20th century tourist attraction in Jacksonville, Florida.","Series 5- Atlantic Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting panoramic views of Atlantic Beach, local hotels, and other tourist attractions.","Series 6- Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting steamer ships owned by the Clyde Line, commercial shipping docks, and views of the intracoastal waterway.","Series 7- Bank Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the Florida National Bank, Atlantic National Bank, Barnett First National Bank, and other local Northeast Florida Bank buildings.","Series 8- Bridges (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting local Jacksonville, Florida bridges, including the Fuller Warren Bridge, Main Street Bridge, Matthews Bridge, Napolean Bonaparte Broward Bridge, and Hart Bridge.","Series 9- Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting buildings in downtown Jacksonville, including structures of architectural significance like the St. James Building and the Shriners Temple.","Series 10- Church Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting churches of different denominations, including Catholic, Baptist, Methodist, and Episcopal, in the Northeast Florida area.","Series 11- Clubs (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area athletic and social clubs. Examples include the Seminole Club, Fort George Club, Masonic Temple, and San Jose Golf Club.","Series 12- Cumberland Island, Georgia (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Thomas M. Carnegie's home, Dungeness. ","Series 13- Dixieland Park; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting early 20th century tourist attraction on the Southbank of Jacksonville. ","Series 14- Docks and Shipping (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of commercial shipping docks and steamer ships on the St Johns River in downtown Jacksonville. ","Series 15- Dwellings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting private residences in the Riverside, Springfield, Mandarin, and Ortega neighborhoods of Jacksonville. ","Series 16- Epping Forest; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the mansion of Alfred I. du Pont, now the Epping Forest Yacht Club.","Series 17- Eustis, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting photographic postcard taken in Eustis, Florida.","Series 18- Fernandina Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting businesses, municipal buildings, hotels, private residences, and beach scenes.","Series 19- Florida Ostrich Farm; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting tourist attraction popular in the early 20th century, with scenes of the farm with birds and ostriches racing. ","Series 20- Fort Clinch State Park, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting structures and ruins of the Civil War fort near Amelia Island and Fernandina Beach.","Series 21- Friendship Park; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Friendship fountain and the downtown Jacksonville skyline across from the park located on the Southbank. ","Series 22- Gardens (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of plants native to Northeast Florida and Cummer Museum and Gardens. ","Series 23- General (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a variety of scenes of locations in Jacksonville, cards printed by local printer H\u0026WB Drew Company, and cards addressed to Jacksonville addresses.","Series 24- Green Cove Springs, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Springs, the bathing pavilion, and the Qui-Si-Sana Hotel and Health Spa. ","Series 25- Hemming Park; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the grounds and businesses surrounding the park, known today as James Weldon Johnson Park. ","Series 26- Highways (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting several multi-lane highways and expressways in Jacksonville. ","Series 27- Hilliard, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a hotel located in Hilliard, Florida near the Florida/Georgia Border. ","Series 28- Hospitals (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area hospitals, including St. Vincent's Hospital, De Soto Sanatorium, St. Luke's Hospital, and Brewster Hospital. ","Series 29- Hotels (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area hotels, including Hotel Burbridge, Hotel Roosevelt, Aragon Hotel, and Windsor Hotel. ","Series 30- Jacksonville Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of local businesses, hotels, restaurants, and beaches.","Series 31- Keystone Heights, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a hotel in Keystone Heights, Florida. ","Series 32- Kingsley Plantation; Fort George Island, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting National Park Kingsley Plantation on Fort George Island. ","Series 33- Library Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the exteriors of Jacksonville area public library buildings.","Series 34- Marineland, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting aerial views of Marineland Studios, dolphins, and businesses at the historic tourist attraction. ","Series 35- Military Bases (arranged chronologically) contains photographic postcards depicting Camp Foster, founded as a work camp during the Great Depression, Camp Blanding Army Camp, and Camp Joseph E. Johnston.","Series 36- Mining (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting phosphate mining in Florida. ","Series 37- Monuments (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting monuments in the Jacksonville area.","Series 38- Motels (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting mid-20th century tourist motels in the Jacksonville area along U.S. Highway 1.","Series 39- Museums (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting artwork from the collections of the Cummer Museum in the Riverside neighborhood of Jacksonville, Florida. ","Series 40- Naval Air Station; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting structures at Mayport, Cecil Field, and Jacksonville Naval Air stations. ","Series 41- Neptune Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of beach front at Neptune Beach.","Series 42- Orange Park, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting structures at Moosehaven Retirement Community located in Orange Park, Florida on the St. Johns River. ","Series 43- Oriental Gardens; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes from the former tourist attraction located on San Jose Boulevard.","Series 44- Parks (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting historic images of parks in various Jacksonville neighborhoods, including Riverside and Springfield parks. ","Series 45- Persons (arranged chronologically) contains photographic postcards depicting portraits of visitors to Jacksonville. ","Series 46- Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting views of structures on the Ponte Vedra Inn and Club.","Series 47- Post Office Building (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting early 20th century Federal Post Office in downtown Jacksonville. ","Series 48- Public Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various municipal buildings including the original Duval County Courthouse, The Armory, and the Civic Auditorium of Jacksonville. ","Series 49- Restaurants (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area restaurants.","Series 50- St. Augustine, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting businesses, tourist attractions, and historic sites in St. Augustine, Florida","Series 51- St. Johns River, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes from the St. Johns River, ","Series 52- Sanford, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a steamer ship in Sanford, Florida.","Series 53- Schools (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting school buildings in the Jacksonville area including Central Grammar School, Duval High School, Edward Waters College.","Series 54- Silver Springs, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a scene of glass-bottom boats at the springs. ","Series 55- Souvenir Postcard Booklets (arranged chronologically) contains multi-postcard booklets depicting scenes from Northeast Florida.","Series 56- Streets (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting street views in downtown Jacksonville, and the Riverside and Springfield neighborhoods. ","Series 57- Theaters (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the Palace and New Palace theaters.","Series 58- Trailer Camps (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of tourist trailer campgrounds near Jacksonville. ","Series 59- Trees (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various species of trees native to Northeast Florida and the famous Treaty Oak live oak tree located in Jesse Ball duPont Park. ","Series 60- Turpentine Industry (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of turpentine camps in Northeast Florida.","Series 61- Union Station (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various scenes of the historic Union Station in Downtown Jacksonville, now the Prime F. Osborn III Convention Center.","Series 62- Universities and Colleges (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville University, University of North Florida, and Edward Waters College campuses. ","Series 63- Viaducts/Trains (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting railroad viaducts and close-up depictions of train engines. ","Series 64- Waterfronts (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various views of the Jacksonville skyline as seen from the St. Johns River. ","Series 65- Waterworks; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the historic waterworks located in the Springfield neighborhood of Jacksonville. ","Series 66- Zoos (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting views from the Jacksonville Zoo during the early and mid-20th century. ","Series 67- Sensitive Content (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting content that may be harmful or distressing to viewers. These items are available to review in person only."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"names_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":67,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1872853597225484288,"_root_":"45807c67f367973431520ee3","timestamp":"2026-08-07T08:46:14.061Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/45807c67f367973431520ee3_aspace_3902dbdfcd45c6eaec847cb42b4c05b9"}},{"id":"6e7f42ca5cc0dc4c15cdd844","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Advertising Trade Cards Collection, bulk 1870-1970","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/6e7f42ca5cc0dc4c15cdd844#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of six advertising trade cards published by the Company of Products Cibils and six by the Liebig's Extract of Meat Company. The front of each card has a color illustration and a caption title in French or English. The titles are taken from the cards as they were, while those in French are translated for better access. The back of each card has the company's advertisement, additionally Liebig's includes in some their recipe and states to beware of imitations and require the signature J.v.LIEBIG in blue ink. The main subject of the images is Cuba, depicting tobacco plantations, the sugar cane industry, local markets, ports and ships. All of these made the island attractive for visitors and business people.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/6e7f42ca5cc0dc4c15cdd844#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"6e7f42ca5cc0dc4c15cdd844","title_ssm":["Advertising Trade Cards Collection"],"title_tesim":["Advertising Trade Cards Collection"],"ead_ssi":"6e7f42ca5cc0dc4c15cdd844","unitdate_ssm":["1870-1970"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1870-1970"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SPC8085","/repositories/2/resources/105"],"text":["SPC8085","/repositories/2/resources/105","Advertising Trade Cards Collection, bulk 1870-1970","Liebig's Extract of Meat Company","Advertising cards","Cuba--Social life and customs--Pictorial works","Sugar workers--Cuba","Tobacco--Harvesting--Cuba","Collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged in alphabetical order and organized in two Series. Series 1 is Company of Products Cibils and Series 2 is Liebig's Extract of Meat Company.","There were various companies in the late nineteenth century offering meat extract products on the European market. The Company of Products Cibils and Liebig's Extract of Meat Company were two of them. ","Bouillon Cibils was a broth made by stewing meat in water, promoted through advertising cards as a product for strength and energy. It can be found in its publicity that should be considered a complete diet in itself. A study on meat and bouillon extracts published in \"The Boston Medical and Surgical Journal\" from 1887 says that Cibils ranked first in tasting more like a beef soup in comparison to other brands. A common strategy at the time was to employ sales representatives, and Cibils had Van Geetruyen \u0026 Cie. as their general agent for sales in Belgium and Holland. The processing of the meat was done in South America, specifically in Descalvados, Brazil. While Liebig's Extract of Meat Company, did theirs in Fray Bentos, Uruguay. ","Justus von Liebig (1803-1873), a German chemist, known for producing beef broth on a commercial scale, gave its name to the Liebig's Extract of Meat Company. The idea of boiling beef to create a meat extract emerges to provide nutrition to the population suffering from food scarcity and the poor meat quality. Ever since this problem existed, many have gotten sick on a regular basis, and beef broth has piqued the interest of the medical community. The meat and bouillon extracts were highly valued products on the market at the time. It is worth considering that they were promoted as liquefied meat and rich in nutrition with healing properties.","Both companies executed advertising campaigns with trade cards that accompanied their products. These cards fulfilled different functions, such as business cards, to advertise products and reach customers, as well as collectibles. ","Related material to the Advertisement cards of Liebig's Extract of Meat Company may be found in the following repository. ","University of Miami Libraries, Cuban Heritage Collection.","https://digitalcollections.library.miami.edu/digital/collection/chc0364/id/278/rec/1 ","This collection consists of six advertising trade cards published by the Company of Products Cibils and six by the Liebig's Extract of Meat Company. The front of each card has a color illustration and a caption title in French or English. The titles are taken from the cards as they were, while those in French are translated for better access. The back of each card has the company's advertisement, additionally Liebig's includes in some their recipe and states to beware of imitations and require the signature J.v.LIEBIG in blue ink. The main subject of the images is Cuba, depicting tobacco plantations, the sugar cane industry, local markets, ports and ships. All of these made the island attractive for visitors and business people.","Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ \nSpecial Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections. \nFor more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general","FIU Special Collections","English French"],"unitid_tesim":["SPC8085","/repositories/2/resources/105"],"normalized_date_ssm":["bulk 1870-1970"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Advertising Trade Cards Collection, bulk 1870-1970"],"collection_title_tesim":["Advertising Trade Cards Collection, bulk 1870-1970"],"collection_ssim":["Advertising Trade Cards Collection, bulk 1870-1970"],"repository_ssm":["FIU Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"access_terms_ssm":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ \nSpecial Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections. \nFor more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Liebig's Extract of Meat Company","Advertising cards","Cuba--Social life and customs--Pictorial works","Sugar workers--Cuba","Tobacco--Harvesting--Cuba"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Liebig's Extract of Meat Company","Advertising cards","Cuba--Social life and customs--Pictorial works","Sugar workers--Cuba","Tobacco--Harvesting--Cuba"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in alphabetical order and organized in two Series. Series 1 is Company of Products Cibils and Series 2 is Liebig's Extract of Meat Company.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in alphabetical order and organized in two Series. Series 1 is Company of Products Cibils and Series 2 is Liebig's Extract of Meat Company."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere were various companies in the late nineteenth century offering meat extract products on the European market. The Company of Products Cibils and Liebig's Extract of Meat Company were two of them. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBouillon Cibils was a broth made by stewing meat in water, promoted through advertising cards as a product for strength and energy. It can be found in its publicity that should be considered a complete diet in itself. A study on meat and bouillon extracts published in \"The Boston Medical and Surgical Journal\" from 1887 says that Cibils ranked first in tasting more like a beef soup in comparison to other brands. A common strategy at the time was to employ sales representatives, and Cibils had Van Geetruyen \u0026amp; Cie. as their general agent for sales in Belgium and Holland. The processing of the meat was done in South America, specifically in Descalvados, Brazil. While Liebig's Extract of Meat Company, did theirs in Fray Bentos, Uruguay. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJustus von Liebig (1803-1873), a German chemist, known for producing beef broth on a commercial scale, gave its name to the Liebig's Extract of Meat Company. The idea of boiling beef to create a meat extract emerges to provide nutrition to the population suffering from food scarcity and the poor meat quality. Ever since this problem existed, many have gotten sick on a regular basis, and beef broth has piqued the interest of the medical community. The meat and bouillon extracts were highly valued products on the market at the time. It is worth considering that they were promoted as liquefied meat and rich in nutrition with healing properties.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoth companies executed advertising campaigns with trade cards that accompanied their products. These cards fulfilled different functions, such as business cards, to advertise products and reach customers, as well as collectibles. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["There were various companies in the late nineteenth century offering meat extract products on the European market. The Company of Products Cibils and Liebig's Extract of Meat Company were two of them. ","Bouillon Cibils was a broth made by stewing meat in water, promoted through advertising cards as a product for strength and energy. It can be found in its publicity that should be considered a complete diet in itself. A study on meat and bouillon extracts published in \"The Boston Medical and Surgical Journal\" from 1887 says that Cibils ranked first in tasting more like a beef soup in comparison to other brands. A common strategy at the time was to employ sales representatives, and Cibils had Van Geetruyen \u0026 Cie. as their general agent for sales in Belgium and Holland. The processing of the meat was done in South America, specifically in Descalvados, Brazil. While Liebig's Extract of Meat Company, did theirs in Fray Bentos, Uruguay. ","Justus von Liebig (1803-1873), a German chemist, known for producing beef broth on a commercial scale, gave its name to the Liebig's Extract of Meat Company. The idea of boiling beef to create a meat extract emerges to provide nutrition to the population suffering from food scarcity and the poor meat quality. Ever since this problem existed, many have gotten sick on a regular basis, and beef broth has piqued the interest of the medical community. The meat and bouillon extracts were highly valued products on the market at the time. It is worth considering that they were promoted as liquefied meat and rich in nutrition with healing properties.","Both companies executed advertising campaigns with trade cards that accompanied their products. These cards fulfilled different functions, such as business cards, to advertise products and reach customers, as well as collectibles. "],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRelated material to the Advertisement cards of Liebig's Extract of Meat Company may be found in the following repository. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Miami Libraries, Cuban Heritage Collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehttps://digitalcollections.library.miami.edu/digital/collection/chc0364/id/278/rec/1 \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Related material to the Advertisement cards of Liebig's Extract of Meat Company may be found in the following repository. ","University of Miami Libraries, Cuban Heritage Collection.","https://digitalcollections.library.miami.edu/digital/collection/chc0364/id/278/rec/1 "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of six advertising trade cards published by the Company of Products Cibils and six by the Liebig's Extract of Meat Company. The front of each card has a color illustration and a caption title in French or English. The titles are taken from the cards as they were, while those in French are translated for better access. The back of each card has the company's advertisement, additionally Liebig's includes in some their recipe and states to beware of imitations and require the signature J.v.LIEBIG in blue ink. The main subject of the images is Cuba, depicting tobacco plantations, the sugar cane industry, local markets, ports and ships. All of these made the island attractive for visitors and business people.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of six advertising trade cards published by the Company of Products Cibils and six by the Liebig's Extract of Meat Company. The front of each card has a color illustration and a caption title in French or English. The titles are taken from the cards as they were, while those in French are translated for better access. The back of each card has the company's advertisement, additionally Liebig's includes in some their recipe and states to beware of imitations and require the signature J.v.LIEBIG in blue ink. The main subject of the images is Cuba, depicting tobacco plantations, the sugar cane industry, local markets, ports and ships. All of these made the island attractive for visitors and business people."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ \nSpecial Collections \u0026amp; University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections. \nFor more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ \nSpecial Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections. \nFor more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"names_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["English French"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":14,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870844393373564928,"_root_":"6e7f42ca5cc0dc4c15cdd844","timestamp":"2026-07-16T04:30:47.952Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"6e7f42ca5cc0dc4c15cdd844","title_ssm":["Advertising Trade Cards Collection"],"title_tesim":["Advertising Trade Cards Collection"],"ead_ssi":"6e7f42ca5cc0dc4c15cdd844","unitdate_ssm":["1870-1970"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1870-1970"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SPC8085","/repositories/2/resources/105"],"text":["SPC8085","/repositories/2/resources/105","Advertising Trade Cards Collection, bulk 1870-1970","Liebig's Extract of Meat Company","Advertising cards","Cuba--Social life and customs--Pictorial works","Sugar workers--Cuba","Tobacco--Harvesting--Cuba","Collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged in alphabetical order and organized in two Series. Series 1 is Company of Products Cibils and Series 2 is Liebig's Extract of Meat Company.","There were various companies in the late nineteenth century offering meat extract products on the European market. The Company of Products Cibils and Liebig's Extract of Meat Company were two of them. ","Bouillon Cibils was a broth made by stewing meat in water, promoted through advertising cards as a product for strength and energy. It can be found in its publicity that should be considered a complete diet in itself. A study on meat and bouillon extracts published in \"The Boston Medical and Surgical Journal\" from 1887 says that Cibils ranked first in tasting more like a beef soup in comparison to other brands. A common strategy at the time was to employ sales representatives, and Cibils had Van Geetruyen \u0026 Cie. as their general agent for sales in Belgium and Holland. The processing of the meat was done in South America, specifically in Descalvados, Brazil. While Liebig's Extract of Meat Company, did theirs in Fray Bentos, Uruguay. ","Justus von Liebig (1803-1873), a German chemist, known for producing beef broth on a commercial scale, gave its name to the Liebig's Extract of Meat Company. The idea of boiling beef to create a meat extract emerges to provide nutrition to the population suffering from food scarcity and the poor meat quality. Ever since this problem existed, many have gotten sick on a regular basis, and beef broth has piqued the interest of the medical community. The meat and bouillon extracts were highly valued products on the market at the time. It is worth considering that they were promoted as liquefied meat and rich in nutrition with healing properties.","Both companies executed advertising campaigns with trade cards that accompanied their products. These cards fulfilled different functions, such as business cards, to advertise products and reach customers, as well as collectibles. ","Related material to the Advertisement cards of Liebig's Extract of Meat Company may be found in the following repository. ","University of Miami Libraries, Cuban Heritage Collection.","https://digitalcollections.library.miami.edu/digital/collection/chc0364/id/278/rec/1 ","This collection consists of six advertising trade cards published by the Company of Products Cibils and six by the Liebig's Extract of Meat Company. The front of each card has a color illustration and a caption title in French or English. The titles are taken from the cards as they were, while those in French are translated for better access. The back of each card has the company's advertisement, additionally Liebig's includes in some their recipe and states to beware of imitations and require the signature J.v.LIEBIG in blue ink. The main subject of the images is Cuba, depicting tobacco plantations, the sugar cane industry, local markets, ports and ships. All of these made the island attractive for visitors and business people.","Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ \nSpecial Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections. \nFor more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general","FIU Special Collections","English French"],"unitid_tesim":["SPC8085","/repositories/2/resources/105"],"normalized_date_ssm":["bulk 1870-1970"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Advertising Trade Cards Collection, bulk 1870-1970"],"collection_title_tesim":["Advertising Trade Cards Collection, bulk 1870-1970"],"collection_ssim":["Advertising Trade Cards Collection, bulk 1870-1970"],"repository_ssm":["FIU Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"access_terms_ssm":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ \nSpecial Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections. \nFor more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Liebig's Extract of Meat Company","Advertising cards","Cuba--Social life and customs--Pictorial works","Sugar workers--Cuba","Tobacco--Harvesting--Cuba"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Liebig's Extract of Meat Company","Advertising cards","Cuba--Social life and customs--Pictorial works","Sugar workers--Cuba","Tobacco--Harvesting--Cuba"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in alphabetical order and organized in two Series. Series 1 is Company of Products Cibils and Series 2 is Liebig's Extract of Meat Company.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in alphabetical order and organized in two Series. Series 1 is Company of Products Cibils and Series 2 is Liebig's Extract of Meat Company."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere were various companies in the late nineteenth century offering meat extract products on the European market. The Company of Products Cibils and Liebig's Extract of Meat Company were two of them. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBouillon Cibils was a broth made by stewing meat in water, promoted through advertising cards as a product for strength and energy. It can be found in its publicity that should be considered a complete diet in itself. A study on meat and bouillon extracts published in \"The Boston Medical and Surgical Journal\" from 1887 says that Cibils ranked first in tasting more like a beef soup in comparison to other brands. A common strategy at the time was to employ sales representatives, and Cibils had Van Geetruyen \u0026amp; Cie. as their general agent for sales in Belgium and Holland. The processing of the meat was done in South America, specifically in Descalvados, Brazil. While Liebig's Extract of Meat Company, did theirs in Fray Bentos, Uruguay. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJustus von Liebig (1803-1873), a German chemist, known for producing beef broth on a commercial scale, gave its name to the Liebig's Extract of Meat Company. The idea of boiling beef to create a meat extract emerges to provide nutrition to the population suffering from food scarcity and the poor meat quality. Ever since this problem existed, many have gotten sick on a regular basis, and beef broth has piqued the interest of the medical community. The meat and bouillon extracts were highly valued products on the market at the time. It is worth considering that they were promoted as liquefied meat and rich in nutrition with healing properties.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoth companies executed advertising campaigns with trade cards that accompanied their products. These cards fulfilled different functions, such as business cards, to advertise products and reach customers, as well as collectibles. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["There were various companies in the late nineteenth century offering meat extract products on the European market. The Company of Products Cibils and Liebig's Extract of Meat Company were two of them. ","Bouillon Cibils was a broth made by stewing meat in water, promoted through advertising cards as a product for strength and energy. It can be found in its publicity that should be considered a complete diet in itself. A study on meat and bouillon extracts published in \"The Boston Medical and Surgical Journal\" from 1887 says that Cibils ranked first in tasting more like a beef soup in comparison to other brands. A common strategy at the time was to employ sales representatives, and Cibils had Van Geetruyen \u0026 Cie. as their general agent for sales in Belgium and Holland. The processing of the meat was done in South America, specifically in Descalvados, Brazil. While Liebig's Extract of Meat Company, did theirs in Fray Bentos, Uruguay. ","Justus von Liebig (1803-1873), a German chemist, known for producing beef broth on a commercial scale, gave its name to the Liebig's Extract of Meat Company. The idea of boiling beef to create a meat extract emerges to provide nutrition to the population suffering from food scarcity and the poor meat quality. Ever since this problem existed, many have gotten sick on a regular basis, and beef broth has piqued the interest of the medical community. The meat and bouillon extracts were highly valued products on the market at the time. It is worth considering that they were promoted as liquefied meat and rich in nutrition with healing properties.","Both companies executed advertising campaigns with trade cards that accompanied their products. These cards fulfilled different functions, such as business cards, to advertise products and reach customers, as well as collectibles. "],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRelated material to the Advertisement cards of Liebig's Extract of Meat Company may be found in the following repository. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Miami Libraries, Cuban Heritage Collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehttps://digitalcollections.library.miami.edu/digital/collection/chc0364/id/278/rec/1 \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Related material to the Advertisement cards of Liebig's Extract of Meat Company may be found in the following repository. ","University of Miami Libraries, Cuban Heritage Collection.","https://digitalcollections.library.miami.edu/digital/collection/chc0364/id/278/rec/1 "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of six advertising trade cards published by the Company of Products Cibils and six by the Liebig's Extract of Meat Company. The front of each card has a color illustration and a caption title in French or English. The titles are taken from the cards as they were, while those in French are translated for better access. The back of each card has the company's advertisement, additionally Liebig's includes in some their recipe and states to beware of imitations and require the signature J.v.LIEBIG in blue ink. The main subject of the images is Cuba, depicting tobacco plantations, the sugar cane industry, local markets, ports and ships. All of these made the island attractive for visitors and business people.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of six advertising trade cards published by the Company of Products Cibils and six by the Liebig's Extract of Meat Company. The front of each card has a color illustration and a caption title in French or English. The titles are taken from the cards as they were, while those in French are translated for better access. The back of each card has the company's advertisement, additionally Liebig's includes in some their recipe and states to beware of imitations and require the signature J.v.LIEBIG in blue ink. The main subject of the images is Cuba, depicting tobacco plantations, the sugar cane industry, local markets, ports and ships. All of these made the island attractive for visitors and business people."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ \nSpecial Collections \u0026amp; University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections. \nFor more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ \nSpecial Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections. \nFor more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"names_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["English French"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":14,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870844393373564928,"_root_":"6e7f42ca5cc0dc4c15cdd844","timestamp":"2026-07-16T04:30:47.952Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/6e7f42ca5cc0dc4c15cdd844"}},{"id":"2e3a4e4f1b5834debed4f6e2_aspace_b934ed4f75f0eaa8bdf4323d33fcec5f","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Aerial view of Fort Lauderdale Beach. Item #257, 1925","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/2e3a4e4f1b5834debed4f6e2_aspace_b934ed4f75f0eaa8bdf4323d33fcec5f#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_b934ed4f75f0eaa8bdf4323d33fcec5f","ref_ssm":["aspace_b934ed4f75f0eaa8bdf4323d33fcec5f","aspace_b934ed4f75f0eaa8bdf4323d33fcec5f"],"id":"2e3a4e4f1b5834debed4f6e2_aspace_b934ed4f75f0eaa8bdf4323d33fcec5f","title_filing_ssi":"Aerial view of Fort Lauderdale Beach. Item #257","title_ssm":["Aerial view of Fort Lauderdale Beach. Item #257"],"title_tesim":["Aerial view of Fort Lauderdale Beach. Item #257"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1925"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1925"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Aerial view of Fort Lauderdale Beach. Item #257, 1925"],"text":["Aerial view of Fort Lauderdale Beach. Item #257, 1925","Anthony Kozla Collection, Circa 1930-1950","Series 03: Photographs, 1913-1965","Series 03-sub07: Aerial views, Circa 1913-1965","/repositories/4/archival_objects/16651","box 2","folder 10"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["2e3a4e4f1b5834debed4f6e2","2e3a4e4f1b5834debed4f6e2_aspace_ffb668633d870c30f45161cdeea77bd1","2e3a4e4f1b5834debed4f6e2_aspace_3b408f43f46a2a29fb7e0154ec6c369f"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Anthony Kozla Collection, Circa 1930-1950","Series 03: Photographs, 1913-1965","Series 03-sub07: Aerial views, Circa 1913-1965"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Anthony Kozla Collection, Circa 1930-1950","Series 03: Photographs, 1913-1965","Series 03-sub07: Aerial views, Circa 1913-1965"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/4/archival_objects/16651"],"repository_ssim":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Anthony Kozla Collection, Circa 1930-1950"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":272,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The Anthony Kozla Collection is open for research."],"date_range_isim":[1925],"containers_ssim":["box 2","folder 10"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#6/components#3","_nest_parent_":"2e3a4e4f1b5834debed4f6e2_aspace_3b408f43f46a2a29fb7e0154ec6c369f","_root_":"2e3a4e4f1b5834debed4f6e2","_version_":1876457699731832832,"timestamp":"2026-09-16T03:31:53.997Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"2e3a4e4f1b5834debed4f6e2","title_filing_ssi":"Kozla, Anthony Collection","title_ssm":["Anthony Kozla Collection"],"title_tesim":["Anthony Kozla Collection"],"ead_ssi":"2e3a4e4f1b5834debed4f6e2","unitdate_ssm":["Circa 1930-1950"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 1930-1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["BCHA.1980.1","/repositories/4/resources/89"],"text":["BCHA.1980.1","/repositories/4/resources/89","Anthony Kozla Collection, Circa 1930-1950","Fort Lauderdale (Fla.)","Hurricane damage","Hurricanes","Tennis","Seminole Indians","Streets -- Florida -- Fort Lauderdale","School buildings","Buildings","Vehicles","Animals","United States. Army","Church buildings","Boy scouts","Travel","Fire fighters","Group portraits","Portraits","Self-portraits","Photographs","Photograph albums","Aerial views","Clippings","The Anthony Kozla Collection is open for research.","The Anthony Kozla Collection is digitized and available on the  Broward County Library Digital Archives .","The proposed series includes: Series I: Professional Papers, Series II. Personal Papers, Series III. Photographs, Series IV. Slides, Series V. Postcards, Series VI. Documentation.","Anthony Kozla was a Floridian photographer. He was born in Chicago, Illinois in 1909 to a Bohemian father (region of former Czechoslovakia and actual Czech Republic) and an American mother[1]. Anthony Kozla moved with his family to Fort Lauderdale in 1926[2]. He had two sisters, T. J, Clark DeLand, and Anna Barrett, as well as three brothers, Frank, Louis, and Charles. ","Anthony Kozla had his studio on 628 N. W. 3rd Avenue[3]. His photography activities led him to work for newspapers[4]. Starting 1948, many articles from the Fort Lauderdale Daily News and Evening Sentinel credit \"Tony Kozla\" for his photographs. It is mentioned that Anthony Kozla has been an \"official photographer for the Ft. Lauderdale police department\" and for his local group theatre[5]. ","Anthony Kozla was active in Fort Lauderdale's local life. He was part of a Boy Scouts Troop and an amateur actor for Park Temple Civic Players[6]. He was also part of the Knights of Columbus[7] and the Fort Lauderdale Camera Club for which he won the third price during an exhibition in 1946 for his picture \"Sunset\"[8]. ","Anthony Kozla died from a heart attack in 1954. He is buried at Evergreen Cemetery.","Notes:\n[1] 1940 US Federal Census.\n[2] Fort Lauderdale Daily News and Evening Sentinel, September 29, 1954.\n[3] Anthony Kozla Photo shop business License, 1953.\n[4] The Fort Lauderdale Daily News and Evening Sentinel, July 25, 1936.\n[5] Fort Lauderdale Daily News and Evening Sentinel, September 29, 1954.\n[6] The Fort Lauderdale Daily News and Evening Sentinel, July 1, 1937 and July 7, 1937. Several other newspaper articles from the 1930s credit Anthony Kozla for his participation in theatre plays.\n[7] Fort Lauderdale Daily News and Evening Sentinel, September 29, 1954.\n[8] Fort Lauderdale Daily News and Evening Sentinel, February 20, 1947.","The Anthony Kozla Collection was processed at the item level by Axel Surot in September 2024. Additional materials were processed and the finding aid updated by Erin Purdy in March 2026. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.","The Anthony Kozla Collection contains 469 photographs Anthony Kozla took during his professional life and personal activities. These photographs include portraits of groups, individuals, and national and local celebrities. They are also a good source for documenting Fort Lauderdale's local life from the 1930s to the mid-1950s through events, pictures of local communities, and recreational activities. The Anthony Kozla Collection also helps understand the evolution of Fort Lauderdale and Broward County's urban development with 101 aerial views and photographs of buildings and streets."," Broward County Historical Archives","Katherine Rawls, 1917-1982","English"],"unitid_tesim":["BCHA.1980.1","/repositories/4/resources/89"],"normalized_date_ssm":["Circa 1930-1950"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Anthony Kozla Collection, Circa 1930-1950"],"collection_title_tesim":["Anthony Kozla Collection, Circa 1930-1950"],"collection_ssim":["Anthony Kozla Collection, Circa 1930-1950"],"repository_ssm":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Broward County Historical Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Fort Lauderdale (Fla.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Fort Lauderdale (Fla.)"],"places_ssim":["Fort Lauderdale (Fla.)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Hurricane damage","Hurricanes","Tennis","Seminole Indians","Streets -- Florida -- Fort Lauderdale","School buildings","Buildings","Vehicles","Animals","United States. Army","Church buildings","Boy scouts","Travel","Fire fighters","Group portraits","Portraits","Self-portraits","Photographs","Photograph albums","Aerial views","Clippings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Hurricane damage","Hurricanes","Tennis","Seminole Indians","Streets -- Florida -- Fort Lauderdale","School buildings","Buildings","Vehicles","Animals","United States. Army","Church buildings","Boy scouts","Travel","Fire fighters","Group portraits","Portraits","Self-portraits","Photographs","Photograph albums","Aerial views","Clippings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 Hollinger Boxes"],"extent_tesim":["3 Hollinger Boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Group portraits","Portraits","Self-portraits","Photographs","Photograph albums","Aerial views","Clippings"],"date_range_isim":[1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Anthony Kozla Collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The Anthony Kozla Collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Anthony Kozla Collection is digitized and available on the \u003ca href=\"https://digitalarchives.broward.org/digital/collection/kozla/search\"\u003eBroward County Library Digital Archives\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["The Anthony Kozla Collection is digitized and available on the  Broward County Library Digital Archives ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe proposed series includes: Series I: Professional Papers, Series II. Personal Papers, Series III. Photographs, Series IV. Slides, Series V. Postcards, Series VI. Documentation.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The proposed series includes: Series I: Professional Papers, Series II. Personal Papers, Series III. Photographs, Series IV. Slides, Series V. Postcards, Series VI. Documentation."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAnthony Kozla was a Floridian photographer. He was born in Chicago, Illinois in 1909 to a Bohemian father (region of former Czechoslovakia and actual Czech Republic) and an American mother[1]. Anthony Kozla moved with his family to Fort Lauderdale in 1926[2]. He had two sisters, T. J, Clark DeLand, and Anna Barrett, as well as three brothers, Frank, Louis, and Charles. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnthony Kozla had his studio on 628 N. W. 3rd Avenue[3]. His photography activities led him to work for newspapers[4]. Starting 1948, many articles from the Fort Lauderdale Daily News and Evening Sentinel credit \"Tony Kozla\" for his photographs. It is mentioned that Anthony Kozla has been an \"official photographer for the Ft. Lauderdale police department\" and for his local group theatre[5]. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnthony Kozla was active in Fort Lauderdale's local life. He was part of a Boy Scouts Troop and an amateur actor for Park Temple Civic Players[6]. He was also part of the Knights of Columbus[7] and the Fort Lauderdale Camera Club for which he won the third price during an exhibition in 1946 for his picture \"Sunset\"[8]. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnthony Kozla died from a heart attack in 1954. He is buried at Evergreen Cemetery.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNotes:\n[1] 1940 US Federal Census.\n[2] Fort Lauderdale Daily News and Evening Sentinel, September 29, 1954.\n[3] Anthony Kozla Photo shop business License, 1953.\n[4] The Fort Lauderdale Daily News and Evening Sentinel, July 25, 1936.\n[5] Fort Lauderdale Daily News and Evening Sentinel, September 29, 1954.\n[6] The Fort Lauderdale Daily News and Evening Sentinel, July 1, 1937 and July 7, 1937. Several other newspaper articles from the 1930s credit Anthony Kozla for his participation in theatre plays.\n[7] Fort Lauderdale Daily News and Evening Sentinel, September 29, 1954.\n[8] Fort Lauderdale Daily News and Evening Sentinel, February 20, 1947.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Anthony Kozla was a Floridian photographer. He was born in Chicago, Illinois in 1909 to a Bohemian father (region of former Czechoslovakia and actual Czech Republic) and an American mother[1]. Anthony Kozla moved with his family to Fort Lauderdale in 1926[2]. He had two sisters, T. J, Clark DeLand, and Anna Barrett, as well as three brothers, Frank, Louis, and Charles. ","Anthony Kozla had his studio on 628 N. W. 3rd Avenue[3]. His photography activities led him to work for newspapers[4]. Starting 1948, many articles from the Fort Lauderdale Daily News and Evening Sentinel credit \"Tony Kozla\" for his photographs. It is mentioned that Anthony Kozla has been an \"official photographer for the Ft. Lauderdale police department\" and for his local group theatre[5]. ","Anthony Kozla was active in Fort Lauderdale's local life. He was part of a Boy Scouts Troop and an amateur actor for Park Temple Civic Players[6]. He was also part of the Knights of Columbus[7] and the Fort Lauderdale Camera Club for which he won the third price during an exhibition in 1946 for his picture \"Sunset\"[8]. ","Anthony Kozla died from a heart attack in 1954. He is buried at Evergreen Cemetery.","Notes:\n[1] 1940 US Federal Census.\n[2] Fort Lauderdale Daily News and Evening Sentinel, September 29, 1954.\n[3] Anthony Kozla Photo shop business License, 1953.\n[4] The Fort Lauderdale Daily News and Evening Sentinel, July 25, 1936.\n[5] Fort Lauderdale Daily News and Evening Sentinel, September 29, 1954.\n[6] The Fort Lauderdale Daily News and Evening Sentinel, July 1, 1937 and July 7, 1937. Several other newspaper articles from the 1930s credit Anthony Kozla for his participation in theatre plays.\n[7] Fort Lauderdale Daily News and Evening Sentinel, September 29, 1954.\n[8] Fort Lauderdale Daily News and Evening Sentinel, February 20, 1947."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAnthony Kozla Collection, Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Anthony Kozla Collection, Broward County Historical Archives, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Anthony Kozla Collection was processed at the item level by Axel Surot in September 2024. Additional materials were processed and the finding aid updated by Erin Purdy in March 2026. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The Anthony Kozla Collection was processed at the item level by Axel Surot in September 2024. Additional materials were processed and the finding aid updated by Erin Purdy in March 2026. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Anthony Kozla Collection contains 469 photographs Anthony Kozla took during his professional life and personal activities. These photographs include portraits of groups, individuals, and national and local celebrities. They are also a good source for documenting Fort Lauderdale's local life from the 1930s to the mid-1950s through events, pictures of local communities, and recreational activities. The Anthony Kozla Collection also helps understand the evolution of Fort Lauderdale and Broward County's urban development with 101 aerial views and photographs of buildings and streets.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Anthony Kozla Collection contains 469 photographs Anthony Kozla took during his professional life and personal activities. These photographs include portraits of groups, individuals, and national and local celebrities. They are also a good source for documenting Fort Lauderdale's local life from the 1930s to the mid-1950s through events, pictures of local communities, and recreational activities. The Anthony Kozla Collection also helps understand the evolution of Fort Lauderdale and Broward County's urban development with 101 aerial views and photographs of buildings and streets."],"names_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives","Katherine Rawls, 1917-1982"],"corpname_ssim":[" Broward County Historical Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Katherine Rawls, 1917-1982"],"persname_ssim":["Katherine Rawls, 1917-1982"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":558,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1876457699731832832,"_root_":"2e3a4e4f1b5834debed4f6e2","timestamp":"2026-09-16T03:31:53.997Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/2e3a4e4f1b5834debed4f6e2_aspace_b934ed4f75f0eaa8bdf4323d33fcec5f"}},{"id":"858c2b961d9f21b8a16c10c6_aspace_dce654d7a961b7055ba916b39ec2c37a","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Aerial Views, 1901-1970","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/858c2b961d9f21b8a16c10c6_aspace_dce654d7a961b7055ba916b39ec2c37a#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_dce654d7a961b7055ba916b39ec2c37a","ref_ssm":["aspace_dce654d7a961b7055ba916b39ec2c37a","aspace_dce654d7a961b7055ba916b39ec2c37a"],"id":"858c2b961d9f21b8a16c10c6_aspace_dce654d7a961b7055ba916b39ec2c37a","title_filing_ssi":"Aerial Views","title_ssm":["Aerial Views"],"title_tesim":["Aerial Views"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1901-1970"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1901-1970"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Aerial Views, 1901-1970"],"text":["Aerial Views, 1901-1970","Florida Photograph collection, bulk 1883-1977","Hillsborough County","Tampa","Aerial Views","18","/repositories/2/archival_objects/142606","box 10","folder 18"],"component_level_isim":[4],"parent_ids_ssim":["858c2b961d9f21b8a16c10c6","858c2b961d9f21b8a16c10c6_aspace_dd414b101de05fad3c673facef509b5f","858c2b961d9f21b8a16c10c6_aspace_25a896596d6b82a3f666e720e20186fb","858c2b961d9f21b8a16c10c6_aspace_41c0c1ed3b3f7cc30e221b427009c335"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Florida Photograph collection, bulk 1883-1977","Hillsborough County","Tampa","Aerial Views"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Florida Photograph collection, bulk 1883-1977","Hillsborough County","Tampa","Aerial Views"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["18","/repositories/2/archival_objects/142606"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Florida Photograph collection, bulk 1883-1977"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":235,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"date_range_isim":[1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970],"containers_ssim":["box 10","folder 18"],"_nest_path_":"/components#48/components#23/components#2/components#2","_nest_parent_":"858c2b961d9f21b8a16c10c6_aspace_41c0c1ed3b3f7cc30e221b427009c335","_root_":"858c2b961d9f21b8a16c10c6","timestamp":"2026-06-06T03:16:59.251Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"858c2b961d9f21b8a16c10c6","title_ssm":["Florida Photograph collection"],"title_tesim":["Florida Photograph collection"],"ead_ssi":"858c2b961d9f21b8a16c10c6","unitdate_ssm":["1883-1977"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1883-1977"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-2021-06","/repositories/2/resources/597"],"text":["MS-2021-06","/repositories/2/resources/597","Florida Photograph collection, bulk 1883-1977","None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-2021-06","/repositories/2/resources/597"],"normalized_date_ssm":["bulk 1883-1977"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Florida Photograph collection, bulk 1883-1977"],"collection_title_tesim":["Florida Photograph collection, bulk 1883-1977"],"collection_ssim":["Florida Photograph collection, bulk 1883-1977"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"access_terms_ssm":["None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.78 Linear Feet","42 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["8.78 Linear Feet","42 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0; The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None.  The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":978,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"858c2b961d9f21b8a16c10c6","timestamp":"2026-06-06T03:16:59.251Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/858c2b961d9f21b8a16c10c6_aspace_dce654d7a961b7055ba916b39ec2c37a"}},{"id":"da4d05e4376dbaeab6a6dad3_aspace_21575","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"African American/Black History - Clippings, 1895-1989","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/da4d05e4376dbaeab6a6dad3_aspace_21575#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_21575","ref_ssm":["aspace_21575","aspace_21575"],"id":"da4d05e4376dbaeab6a6dad3_aspace_21575","title_filing_ssi":"African American/Black History - Clippings","title_ssm":["African American/Black History - Clippings"],"title_tesim":["African American/Black History - Clippings"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1895-1989"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1895-1989"],"normalized_title_ssm":["African American/Black History - Clippings, 1895-1989"],"text":["African American/Black History - Clippings, 1895-1989","Anthony P. \"Tony\" Pizzo collection, 1824-1994, Date acquired: 10/23/1982","Documents","Academy of Holy Names - Agliano Fish Market","Folder 16","/repositories/2/archival_objects/58853","box 1","folder 13"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["da4d05e4376dbaeab6a6dad3","da4d05e4376dbaeab6a6dad3_aspace_178138","da4d05e4376dbaeab6a6dad3_aspace_21557"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Anthony P. \"Tony\" Pizzo collection, 1824-1994, Date acquired: 10/23/1982","Documents","Academy of Holy Names - Agliano Fish Market"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Anthony P. \"Tony\" Pizzo collection, 1824-1994, Date acquired: 10/23/1982","Documents","Academy of Holy Names - Agliano Fish Market"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Box"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 16","/repositories/2/archival_objects/58853"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Anthony P. \"Tony\" Pizzo collection, 1824-1994, Date acquired: 10/23/1982"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":35,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Some materials are fragile."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's Website at http://www.copyright.gov/for more information."],"date_range_isim":[1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 13"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#12","_nest_parent_":"da4d05e4376dbaeab6a6dad3_aspace_21557","_root_":"da4d05e4376dbaeab6a6dad3","_version_":1876751201237729280,"timestamp":"2026-09-19T09:16:58.845Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"da4d05e4376dbaeab6a6dad3","title_ssm":["Anthony P. \"Tony\" Pizzo collection"],"title_tesim":["Anthony P. \"Tony\" Pizzo collection"],"ead_ssi":"da4d05e4376dbaeab6a6dad3","unitdate_ssm":["1824-1994","Date acquired: 10/23/1982"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1824-1994"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 10/23/1982"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-1982-01","/repositories/2/resources/371"],"text":["MS-1982-01","/repositories/2/resources/371","Anthony P. \"Tony\" Pizzo collection, 1824-1994, Date acquired: 10/23/1982","Hillsborough County (Fla.) -- History","Tampa (Fla.) -- Ethnic relations","Tampa (Fla.) -- History","Tampa (Fla.) -- Politics and government","Tampa Bay Region (Fla.) -- History","West Tampa (Fla.)","Ybor City (Tampa, Fla.)","African Americans -- Florida -- Tampa","Cigar industry -- Florida -- Tampa","Clubs -- Florida -- Tampa","Cuba -- Relations -- Florida -- Tampa","Cuba -- Revolution, 1895-1898","Cuban Americans -- Florida -- Tampa -- History","Cuban Americans -- Florida -- Tampa","Cubans -- Florida -- Tampa -- History","Florida -- History, Local","Hispanic Americans -- Tampa Bay Region (Fla.)","Italian Americans -- Florida -- Tampa","Tampa (Fla.) -- Social conditions","Some materials are fragile.","The collection was received in installments between 1982 and 1999. Additional accural was deposited in 2026 by sons Anthony and Paul Pizzo.","Alphabetically by subject (within series).","The son of Paul and Rosalia (Pizzolato) Pizzo, Anthony P. \"Tony\" Pizzo was born on September 22, 1912 in Ybor City, Tampa's immigrant cigar making community.  While growing up, Tony absorbed the multiethnic cultural ambience of Ybor City and its primarily Cuban, Spanish, and Italian population.  A graduate of Hillsborough High School, he attended the University of Florida for two years, then transferred to Stetson University to study law.  After two years, he left Stetson to embark on a business career.  Following service in the U.S. Army during World War II, Pizzo started his own company, International Brands, a wine and beer distributorship. He subsequently accepted a position with Tampa Wholesale Liquors, which later became Midulla Importing Company and House of Midulla, Inc.  From 1950 to his retirement in 1984 Tony Pizzo was the company's vice president in charge of sales, also serving as president of Midulla affiliates Rey del Mundo Cigar Company (1965-1971) and Fruit Wines of Florida (1972-1984).    ","Pizzo was active in local business, civic, educational, and cultural organizations, including the Tampa General Hospital Foundation, Barrio Latino Commission, University of Tampa Foundation, University of South Florida President's Council, Ybor City Redevelopment Committee, Tampa Philharmonic Association, and Tampa Bay Business Hall of Fame.  He was the founder and first president of the Tampa International Trade Council, first president of the Ybor City Junior Chamber of Commerce, first president of the Rotary Club of Ybor City, and the first honorary mayor (alcalde) of Ybor City.  In 1952, the Cuban government awarded Tony Pizzo the Order of Carlos Manuel de Céspedes, and in 1976 the government of Italy invested him as a Knight Officer of the Order of Merit.  A 1993  Tampa Tribune  article commented that no other Tampan had been awarded so many honors for contributions and service to his community.","During the early 1950s, Tony Pizzo realized that the colorful, multiethnic Ybor City of his youth was rapidly fading away due to post-World War II demographic and economic changes.  He decided to make it his mission to preserve the history of Tampa's immigrant cigar makers and the community they built.  Over time, this mission expanded to include the history of the Tampa and Hillsborough County as a whole.  Pursuing his avocation for local history, Pizzo became the most prominent advocate of and spokesman for Tampa's historic heritage, earning the informal title \"Mr. Ybor City.\"","A prolific writer whose history articles appeared in a range of publications- from  Tampa Bay History  magazine to the popular press- his first book-length work,  Tampa Town, 1886-1834: Cracker Village with a Latin Accent,  appeared in 1968.  In 1979, Pizzo collaborated with WUSF Television in creating  Tony Pizzo's Tampa,  a ten-part documentary that won two awards from the National University Television Association.  In 1983, he co-authored a comprehensive history of Tampa and its vicinity,  Tampa, the Treasure City , with USF history professor Gary R. Mormino.","In 1971, Pizzo founded the Tampa Historical Society and served as its first president.  He was chairman of the Hillsborough County Historical Commission from 1968 to 1980, and from 1984 until his death was Hillsborough County's official historian.  As a Tampa native, civic leader, and prominent spokesman for local history, Pizzo was ideally positioned to gather historically significant material.  He \"knew everyone\" and \"everyone\" knew him.  His decades of gathering information about Tampa's past resulted in a monumental collection of historical materials documenting virtually every aspect of the community's historical heritage from its origins as a frontier fort to the dynamic, modern metropolis of today.  In a letter dated August 11, 1980, Tony Pizzo expressed his intention that the Special Collections Department at the University of South Florida's Tampa Library be the permanent repository for his unique collection.","This intention was realized on October 23, 1982 when USF President John Lott Brown formally accepted the Pizzo Collection during a gala dinner program held at the Hyatt Regency Hotel in downtown Tampa.  Since that time, the Tony Pizzo Collection has become one of the most consulted and referenced resources for historians and other researchers studying Tampa history and culture.  As an \"open\" collection, librarians, historians and researchers regularly contribute to the growth and value of the collection.","Tony Pizzo died January 2, 1994 and was buried in the mausoleum at Myrtle Hill Memorial Park in Tampa.  He was survived by his wife of fifty-two years, Josephine (Acosta) Pizzo, and two sons, Paul and Anthony.","Basse, Craig.  \"Historian Tony Pizzo Dies.\"   St. Petersburg Times  4 January 1994, Community Times Tampa Bay and State section: pp. 1, 5B.","Cabrera, Cloe. \"The Loves of Tony Pizzo.\"   Tampa Tribune  11 January 1994, University section: 4.","DeSormier, Vicki.  \"Silhouettes:  Tony Pizzo.\"   La Gaceta   (November 20, 1987): 18. \"Dinner Program in Honor of Tony Pizzo.\"","Ex Libris: Journal of the USF Library Associates,  Summer 1982: 18.","Dunn, Hampton.  \"A Tribute to Tony Pizzo:  Hail! The Alcalde:  'The Little Flower.'\"  17 th  Annual Italian-American Invitational Golf Tournament .  Tampa:  Italian-American Golf Association, 1994.","Edwards, Brian. \"Tampa Historian Tony Pizzo Dies at 81.\"  Tampa Tribune  3 January 1994, Nation/World section: 1.","Eastman, Susan. \"Historian's Legacy Will Live in USF collection.\"  St. Petersburg Times  6 January 1994, Community Times section: 1.","Mormino, Gary R., and Anthony P. Pizzo.   Tampa:  The Treasure City .  Tulsa: Continental Heritage Press, 1983.","\"Pizzo\" [obituary].   Tampa Tribune  4 January 1994.","\"Tony Pizzo made Tampa proud.\"   Tampa Tribune  4 January 1994, Nation/World","Section: 6.","Note written by pec, 2007","Publications, photographs, postcards, cigar labels, maps, realia, manuscripts, diaries, printed ephemera, artifacts, and other materials documenting the history of Tampa, Florida and its vicinity, with particular emphasis on the area's Cuban, Spanish, and Italian immigrant communities of Ybor City and West Tampa.","The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's Website at http://www.copyright.gov/for more information.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Centro Asturiano de Tampa","Centro Español de Tampa","Florida Historical Society","L'Unione Italiana (Tampa, Fla.)","Circulo Cubano de Tampa","Pizzo, Anthony P. (1912-1994)","Martí, José (1853-1895)","Bowyer, F.C. (Frank Clayton), 1869-1925","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-1982-01","/repositories/2/resources/371"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1824-1994, Date acquired: 10/23/1982"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Anthony P. \"Tony\" Pizzo collection, 1824-1994, Date acquired: 10/23/1982"],"collection_title_tesim":["Anthony P. \"Tony\" Pizzo collection, 1824-1994, Date acquired: 10/23/1982"],"collection_ssim":["Anthony P. \"Tony\" Pizzo collection, 1824-1994, Date acquired: 10/23/1982"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Hillsborough County (Fla.) -- History","Tampa (Fla.) -- Ethnic relations","Tampa (Fla.) -- History","Tampa (Fla.) -- Politics and government","Tampa Bay Region (Fla.) -- History","West Tampa (Fla.)","Ybor City (Tampa, Fla.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Hillsborough County (Fla.) -- History","Tampa (Fla.) -- Ethnic relations","Tampa (Fla.) -- History","Tampa (Fla.) -- Politics and government","Tampa Bay Region (Fla.) -- History","West Tampa (Fla.)","Ybor City (Tampa, Fla.)"],"creator_ssm":["Pizzo, Anthony P. (1912-1994)"],"creator_ssim":["Pizzo, Anthony P. (1912-1994)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Pizzo, Anthony P. (1912-1994)"],"creators_ssim":["Pizzo, Anthony P. (1912-1994)"],"places_ssim":["Hillsborough County (Fla.) -- History","Tampa (Fla.) -- Ethnic relations","Tampa (Fla.) -- History","Tampa (Fla.) -- Politics and government","Tampa Bay Region (Fla.) -- History","West Tampa (Fla.)","Ybor City (Tampa, Fla.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's Website at http://www.copyright.gov/for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Anthony P. Pizzo","Donation"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- Florida -- Tampa","Cigar industry -- Florida -- Tampa","Clubs -- Florida -- Tampa","Cuba -- Relations -- Florida -- Tampa","Cuba -- Revolution, 1895-1898","Cuban Americans -- Florida -- Tampa -- History","Cuban Americans -- Florida -- Tampa","Cubans -- Florida -- Tampa -- History","Florida -- History, Local","Hispanic Americans -- Tampa Bay Region (Fla.)","Italian Americans -- Florida -- Tampa","Tampa (Fla.) -- Social conditions"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- Florida -- Tampa","Cigar industry -- Florida -- Tampa","Clubs -- Florida -- Tampa","Cuba -- Relations -- Florida -- Tampa","Cuba -- Revolution, 1895-1898","Cuban Americans -- Florida -- Tampa -- History","Cuban Americans -- Florida -- Tampa","Cubans -- Florida -- Tampa -- History","Florida -- History, Local","Hispanic Americans -- Tampa Bay Region (Fla.)","Italian Americans -- Florida -- Tampa","Tampa (Fla.) -- Social conditions"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["126.00 Linear Feet","262 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["126.00 Linear Feet","262 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome materials are fragile.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Some materials are fragile."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was received in installments between 1982 and 1999. Additional accural was deposited in 2026 by sons Anthony and Paul Pizzo.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["The collection was received in installments between 1982 and 1999. Additional accural was deposited in 2026 by sons Anthony and Paul Pizzo."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlphabetically by subject (within series).\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["Alphabetically by subject (within series)."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe son of Paul and Rosalia (Pizzolato) Pizzo, Anthony P. \"Tony\" Pizzo was born on September 22, 1912 in Ybor City, Tampa's immigrant cigar making community.  While growing up, Tony absorbed the multiethnic cultural ambience of Ybor City and its primarily Cuban, Spanish, and Italian population.  A graduate of Hillsborough High School, he attended the University of Florida for two years, then transferred to Stetson University to study law.  After two years, he left Stetson to embark on a business career.  Following service in the U.S. Army during World War II, Pizzo started his own company, International Brands, a wine and beer distributorship. He subsequently accepted a position with Tampa Wholesale Liquors, which later became Midulla Importing Company and House of Midulla, Inc.  From 1950 to his retirement in 1984 Tony Pizzo was the company's vice president in charge of sales, also serving as president of Midulla affiliates Rey del Mundo Cigar Company (1965-1971) and Fruit Wines of Florida (1972-1984).    \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePizzo was active in local business, civic, educational, and cultural organizations, including the Tampa General Hospital Foundation, Barrio Latino Commission, University of Tampa Foundation, University of South Florida President's Council, Ybor City Redevelopment Committee, Tampa Philharmonic Association, and Tampa Bay Business Hall of Fame.  He was the founder and first president of the Tampa International Trade Council, first president of the Ybor City Junior Chamber of Commerce, first president of the Rotary Club of Ybor City, and the first honorary mayor (alcalde) of Ybor City.  In 1952, the Cuban government awarded Tony Pizzo the Order of Carlos Manuel de C\u0026#xE9;spedes, and in 1976 the government of Italy invested him as a Knight Officer of the Order of Merit.  A 1993 \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTampa Tribune\u003c/emph\u003e article commented that no other Tampan had been awarded so many honors for contributions and service to his community.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the early 1950s, Tony Pizzo realized that the colorful, multiethnic Ybor City of his youth was rapidly fading away due to post-World War II demographic and economic changes.  He decided to make it his mission to preserve the history of Tampa's immigrant cigar makers and the community they built.  Over time, this mission expanded to include the history of the Tampa and Hillsborough County as a whole.  Pursuing his avocation for local history, Pizzo became the most prominent advocate of and spokesman for Tampa's historic heritage, earning the informal title \"Mr. Ybor City.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA prolific writer whose history articles appeared in a range of publications- from \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTampa Bay History \u003c/emph\u003emagazine to the popular press- his first book-length work, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTampa Town, 1886-1834: Cracker Village with a Latin Accent, \u003c/emph\u003eappeared in 1968.  In 1979, Pizzo collaborated with WUSF Television in creating \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTony Pizzo's Tampa, \u003c/emph\u003ea ten-part documentary that won two awards from the National University Television Association.  In 1983, he co-authored a comprehensive history of Tampa and its vicinity, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTampa, the Treasure City\u003c/emph\u003e, with USF history professor Gary R. Mormino.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1971, Pizzo founded the Tampa Historical Society and served as its first president.  He was chairman of the Hillsborough County Historical Commission from 1968 to 1980, and from 1984 until his death was Hillsborough County's official historian.  As a Tampa native, civic leader, and prominent spokesman for local history, Pizzo was ideally positioned to gather historically significant material.  He \"knew everyone\" and \"everyone\" knew him.  His decades of gathering information about Tampa's past resulted in a monumental collection of historical materials documenting virtually every aspect of the community's historical heritage from its origins as a frontier fort to the dynamic, modern metropolis of today.  In a letter dated August 11, 1980, Tony Pizzo expressed his intention that the Special Collections Department at the University of South Florida's Tampa Library be the permanent repository for his unique collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis intention was realized on October 23, 1982 when USF President John Lott Brown formally accepted the Pizzo Collection during a gala dinner program held at the Hyatt Regency Hotel in downtown Tampa.  Since that time, the Tony Pizzo Collection has become one of the most consulted and referenced resources for historians and other researchers studying Tampa history and culture.  As an \"open\" collection, librarians, historians and researchers regularly contribute to the growth and value of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTony Pizzo died January 2, 1994 and was buried in the mausoleum at Myrtle Hill Memorial Park in Tampa.  He was survived by his wife of fifty-two years, Josephine (Acosta) Pizzo, and two sons, Paul and Anthony.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBasse, Craig.  \"Historian Tony Pizzo Dies.\"  \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSt. Petersburg Times\u003c/emph\u003e 4 January 1994, Community Times Tampa Bay and State section: pp. 1, 5B.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCabrera, Cloe. \"The Loves of Tony Pizzo.\"  \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTampa Tribune \u003c/emph\u003e11 January 1994, University section: 4.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDeSormier, Vicki.  \"Silhouettes:  Tony Pizzo.\"  \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLa Gaceta\u003c/emph\u003e  (November 20, 1987): 18. \"Dinner Program in Honor of Tony Pizzo.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEx Libris: Journal of the USF Library Associates, \u003c/emph\u003eSummer 1982: 18.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDunn, Hampton.  \"A Tribute to Tony Pizzo:  Hail! The Alcalde:  'The Little Flower.'\"\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e 17\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003eth\u003c/emph\u003e Annual Italian-American Invitational Golf Tournament\u003c/emph\u003e.  Tampa:  Italian-American Golf Association, 1994.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEdwards, Brian. \"Tampa Historian Tony Pizzo Dies at 81.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTampa Tribune \u003c/emph\u003e3 January 1994, Nation/World section: 1.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEastman, Susan. \"Historian's Legacy Will Live in USF collection.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSt. Petersburg Times\u003c/emph\u003e 6 January 1994, Community Times section: 1.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMormino, Gary R., and Anthony P. Pizzo.  \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTampa:  The Treasure City\u003c/emph\u003e.  Tulsa: Continental Heritage Press, 1983.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Pizzo\" [obituary].  \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTampa Tribune \u003c/emph\u003e4 January 1994.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Tony Pizzo made Tampa proud.\"  \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTampa Tribune\u003c/emph\u003e 4 January 1994, Nation/World\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSection: 6.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by pec, 2007\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The son of Paul and Rosalia (Pizzolato) Pizzo, Anthony P. \"Tony\" Pizzo was born on September 22, 1912 in Ybor City, Tampa's immigrant cigar making community.  While growing up, Tony absorbed the multiethnic cultural ambience of Ybor City and its primarily Cuban, Spanish, and Italian population.  A graduate of Hillsborough High School, he attended the University of Florida for two years, then transferred to Stetson University to study law.  After two years, he left Stetson to embark on a business career.  Following service in the U.S. Army during World War II, Pizzo started his own company, International Brands, a wine and beer distributorship. He subsequently accepted a position with Tampa Wholesale Liquors, which later became Midulla Importing Company and House of Midulla, Inc.  From 1950 to his retirement in 1984 Tony Pizzo was the company's vice president in charge of sales, also serving as president of Midulla affiliates Rey del Mundo Cigar Company (1965-1971) and Fruit Wines of Florida (1972-1984).    ","Pizzo was active in local business, civic, educational, and cultural organizations, including the Tampa General Hospital Foundation, Barrio Latino Commission, University of Tampa Foundation, University of South Florida President's Council, Ybor City Redevelopment Committee, Tampa Philharmonic Association, and Tampa Bay Business Hall of Fame.  He was the founder and first president of the Tampa International Trade Council, first president of the Ybor City Junior Chamber of Commerce, first president of the Rotary Club of Ybor City, and the first honorary mayor (alcalde) of Ybor City.  In 1952, the Cuban government awarded Tony Pizzo the Order of Carlos Manuel de Céspedes, and in 1976 the government of Italy invested him as a Knight Officer of the Order of Merit.  A 1993  Tampa Tribune  article commented that no other Tampan had been awarded so many honors for contributions and service to his community.","During the early 1950s, Tony Pizzo realized that the colorful, multiethnic Ybor City of his youth was rapidly fading away due to post-World War II demographic and economic changes.  He decided to make it his mission to preserve the history of Tampa's immigrant cigar makers and the community they built.  Over time, this mission expanded to include the history of the Tampa and Hillsborough County as a whole.  Pursuing his avocation for local history, Pizzo became the most prominent advocate of and spokesman for Tampa's historic heritage, earning the informal title \"Mr. Ybor City.\"","A prolific writer whose history articles appeared in a range of publications- from  Tampa Bay History  magazine to the popular press- his first book-length work,  Tampa Town, 1886-1834: Cracker Village with a Latin Accent,  appeared in 1968.  In 1979, Pizzo collaborated with WUSF Television in creating  Tony Pizzo's Tampa,  a ten-part documentary that won two awards from the National University Television Association.  In 1983, he co-authored a comprehensive history of Tampa and its vicinity,  Tampa, the Treasure City , with USF history professor Gary R. Mormino.","In 1971, Pizzo founded the Tampa Historical Society and served as its first president.  He was chairman of the Hillsborough County Historical Commission from 1968 to 1980, and from 1984 until his death was Hillsborough County's official historian.  As a Tampa native, civic leader, and prominent spokesman for local history, Pizzo was ideally positioned to gather historically significant material.  He \"knew everyone\" and \"everyone\" knew him.  His decades of gathering information about Tampa's past resulted in a monumental collection of historical materials documenting virtually every aspect of the community's historical heritage from its origins as a frontier fort to the dynamic, modern metropolis of today.  In a letter dated August 11, 1980, Tony Pizzo expressed his intention that the Special Collections Department at the University of South Florida's Tampa Library be the permanent repository for his unique collection.","This intention was realized on October 23, 1982 when USF President John Lott Brown formally accepted the Pizzo Collection during a gala dinner program held at the Hyatt Regency Hotel in downtown Tampa.  Since that time, the Tony Pizzo Collection has become one of the most consulted and referenced resources for historians and other researchers studying Tampa history and culture.  As an \"open\" collection, librarians, historians and researchers regularly contribute to the growth and value of the collection.","Tony Pizzo died January 2, 1994 and was buried in the mausoleum at Myrtle Hill Memorial Park in Tampa.  He was survived by his wife of fifty-two years, Josephine (Acosta) Pizzo, and two sons, Paul and Anthony.","Basse, Craig.  \"Historian Tony Pizzo Dies.\"   St. Petersburg Times  4 January 1994, Community Times Tampa Bay and State section: pp. 1, 5B.","Cabrera, Cloe. \"The Loves of Tony Pizzo.\"   Tampa Tribune  11 January 1994, University section: 4.","DeSormier, Vicki.  \"Silhouettes:  Tony Pizzo.\"   La Gaceta   (November 20, 1987): 18. \"Dinner Program in Honor of Tony Pizzo.\"","Ex Libris: Journal of the USF Library Associates,  Summer 1982: 18.","Dunn, Hampton.  \"A Tribute to Tony Pizzo:  Hail! The Alcalde:  'The Little Flower.'\"  17 th  Annual Italian-American Invitational Golf Tournament .  Tampa:  Italian-American Golf Association, 1994.","Edwards, Brian. \"Tampa Historian Tony Pizzo Dies at 81.\"  Tampa Tribune  3 January 1994, Nation/World section: 1.","Eastman, Susan. \"Historian's Legacy Will Live in USF collection.\"  St. Petersburg Times  6 January 1994, Community Times section: 1.","Mormino, Gary R., and Anthony P. Pizzo.   Tampa:  The Treasure City .  Tulsa: Continental Heritage Press, 1983.","\"Pizzo\" [obituary].   Tampa Tribune  4 January 1994.","\"Tony Pizzo made Tampa proud.\"   Tampa Tribune  4 January 1994, Nation/World","Section: 6.","Note written by pec, 2007"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTony Pizzo collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Tony Pizzo collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePublications, photographs, postcards, cigar labels, maps, realia, manuscripts, diaries, printed ephemera, artifacts, and other materials documenting the history of Tampa, Florida and its vicinity, with particular emphasis on the area's Cuban, Spanish, and Italian immigrant communities of Ybor City and West Tampa.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Publications, photographs, postcards, cigar labels, maps, realia, manuscripts, diaries, printed ephemera, artifacts, and other materials documenting the history of Tampa, Florida and its vicinity, with particular emphasis on the area's Cuban, Spanish, and Italian immigrant communities of Ybor City and West Tampa."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's Website at http://www.copyright.gov/for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's Website at http://www.copyright.gov/for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa","Centro Español de Tampa","Florida Historical Society","L'Unione Italiana (Tampa, Fla.)","Circulo Cubano de Tampa","Martí, José (1853-1895)","Pizzo, Anthony P. 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