{"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1925\u0026page=107\u0026view=compact","prev":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1925\u0026page=106\u0026view=compact","next":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1925\u0026page=108\u0026view=compact","last":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1925\u0026page=234\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":107,"next_page":108,"prev_page":106,"total_pages":234,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":1060,"total_count":2337,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"9827701aa8dba267afa2d102","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"J. Manson Valentine field notebooks collection, bulk 1920s","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/9827701aa8dba267afa2d102#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Valentine, J. 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Few personal items are included. Subject files provide detailed information on highly publicized and controversial Jacksonville, Florida issues (Offshore Power Systems, etc.) and prominent local individuals; extensive documentation on the site selection of the University of North Florida; and insights into the Hans Tanzler mayoral era of Jacksonville politics and government. The Carlucci Papers complement related collections on Jacksonville's government consolidation during the same time period: Richard A. Martin Papers; Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers; Jacksonville, Florida, Government Consolidation Collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/0d0bc0634a7ddd1c5d6bec45#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"0d0bc0634a7ddd1c5d6bec45","title_ssm":["Joe Carlucci Papers"],"title_tesim":["Joe Carlucci Papers"],"ead_ssi":"0d0bc0634a7ddd1c5d6bec45","unitdate_ssm":["1911-1986"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1911-1986"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1988.001","/repositories/3/resources/30"],"text":["1988.001","/repositories/3/resources/30","Joe Carlucci Papers, 1911-1986","Duval County (Fla.)--Biography.","Duval County (Fla.)--Politics and government.","Florida--Politics and government--1951-","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Politics and government.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Biography.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--History.","Legislators--Florida--Biography.","Correspondence","Printed materials","The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.","Joe Carlucci was born in Huntington Beach, New York on January 5, 1929. Upon moving to Florida at age 17, he attended Florida State University and was manager of FSU's first football team in 1947-48. After attending the University of Miami Law School for two years, he began his insurance career with State Farm Insurance Company in 1954. In 1962, he opened his own State Farm office in Jacksonville, Florida.\nMr. Carlucci's political career began in 1966 with an unsuccessful bid for the Florida Senate tenth district office. In 1968, he was elected as a Councilman-at-large, Group No. 3 to the Jacksonville City Council, with re-election victories in 1971 and 1975. His campaign for the Florida Senate, District 8 office, in 1978 was successful, a position he held until his death on February 1, 1986.\nOn both the local and state levels, Mr. Carlucci's political career was marked by his aggressive and forceful personality and he was often labeled a \"maverick\" for his lone but determined approach to confronting issues in which he believed strongly. As a Jacksonville City Council member, two of his more significant contributions were his legislation creating the Consumer Affairs Division of the City and his bill regulating the City's hiring of professional services which later served as a model for the state of Florida.\nDuring his seven-year tenure in the Florida Senate, many of his contributions were related to reforms of Florida's criminal justice system and child abuse laws. He also served on the Joint Legislative Auditing Committee and became known as \"the taxpayers' watchdog\" over questionable state expenditures. On a local level, he was particularly proud of legislation which established a lower division at the University of North Florida.\nMr. Carlucci was the recipient of numerous awards during his political career, chief among them being the Distinguished Councilman of the Year Award for 1968-69 and 1971-72. In addition, he was honored by various community service groups for his dedication to Jacksonville causes.\nHe was married to the former Louise Moore of Jacksonville and had two children: Michael and Matthew. In 1987, Matthew Carlucci followed in his father's footsteps as a Jacksonville City Councilman, serving as an at-large Council member to 1994. He rejoined the Council in 1999 as a district representative from San Marco / Southside and was elected City Council President for the 2001-2002 term. In August, 2002, he announced his candidacy for Mayor, but finished fourth in the April 15, 2003 election with 20 percent of the vote.","Note written by ","The collection contains correspondence, administrative and subject files, and printed materials relating to Mr. Carlucci's political activities. Few personal items are included. Subject files provide detailed information on highly publicized and controversial Jacksonville, Florida issues (Offshore Power Systems, etc.) and prominent local individuals; extensive documentation on the site selection of the University of North Florida; and insights into the Hans Tanzler mayoral era of Jacksonville politics and government. The Carlucci Papers complement related collections on Jacksonville's government consolidation during the same time period: Richard A. Martin Papers; Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers; Jacksonville, Florida, Government Consolidation Collection.","Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information","UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","Jacksonville (Fla.) City Council.","University of North Florida.","Florida. Legislature. Senate.--Biography.","Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1988.001","/repositories/3/resources/30"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1911-1986"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joe Carlucci Papers, 1911-1986"],"collection_title_tesim":["Joe Carlucci Papers, 1911-1986"],"collection_ssim":["Joe Carlucci Papers, 1911-1986"],"repository_ssm":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Duval County (Fla.)--Biography.","Duval County (Fla.)--Politics and government.","Florida--Politics and government--1951-","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Politics and government."],"geogname_ssim":["Duval County (Fla.)--Biography.","Duval County (Fla.)--Politics and government.","Florida--Politics and government--1951-","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Politics and government."],"creator_ssm":["Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986"],"creator_ssim":["Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986"],"creators_ssim":["Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986"],"places_ssim":["Duval County (Fla.)--Biography.","Duval County (Fla.)--Politics and government.","Florida--Politics and government--1951-","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Politics and government."],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was acquired through donation from Louise Carlucci, 1988"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Jacksonville (Fla.)--Biography.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--History.","Legislators--Florida--Biography.","Correspondence","Printed materials"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Jacksonville (Fla.)--Biography.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--History.","Legislators--Florida--Biography.","Correspondence","Printed materials"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["15.00 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Printed materials"],"date_range_isim":[1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoe Carlucci was born in Huntington Beach, New York on January 5, 1929. Upon moving to Florida at age 17, he attended Florida State University and was manager of FSU's first football team in 1947-48. After attending the University of Miami Law School for two years, he began his insurance career with State Farm Insurance Company in 1954. In 1962, he opened his own State Farm office in Jacksonville, Florida.\nMr. Carlucci's political career began in 1966 with an unsuccessful bid for the Florida Senate tenth district office. In 1968, he was elected as a Councilman-at-large, Group No. 3 to the Jacksonville City Council, with re-election victories in 1971 and 1975. His campaign for the Florida Senate, District 8 office, in 1978 was successful, a position he held until his death on February 1, 1986.\nOn both the local and state levels, Mr. Carlucci's political career was marked by his aggressive and forceful personality and he was often labeled a \"maverick\" for his lone but determined approach to confronting issues in which he believed strongly. As a Jacksonville City Council member, two of his more significant contributions were his legislation creating the Consumer Affairs Division of the City and his bill regulating the City's hiring of professional services which later served as a model for the state of Florida.\nDuring his seven-year tenure in the Florida Senate, many of his contributions were related to reforms of Florida's criminal justice system and child abuse laws. He also served on the Joint Legislative Auditing Committee and became known as \"the taxpayers' watchdog\" over questionable state expenditures. On a local level, he was particularly proud of legislation which established a lower division at the University of North Florida.\nMr. Carlucci was the recipient of numerous awards during his political career, chief among them being the Distinguished Councilman of the Year Award for 1968-69 and 1971-72. In addition, he was honored by various community service groups for his dedication to Jacksonville causes.\nHe was married to the former Louise Moore of Jacksonville and had two children: Michael and Matthew. In 1987, Matthew Carlucci followed in his father's footsteps as a Jacksonville City Councilman, serving as an at-large Council member to 1994. He rejoined the Council in 1999 as a district representative from San Marco / Southside and was elected City Council President for the 2001-2002 term. In August, 2002, he announced his candidacy for Mayor, but finished fourth in the April 15, 2003 election with 20 percent of the vote.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joe Carlucci was born in Huntington Beach, New York on January 5, 1929. Upon moving to Florida at age 17, he attended Florida State University and was manager of FSU's first football team in 1947-48. After attending the University of Miami Law School for two years, he began his insurance career with State Farm Insurance Company in 1954. In 1962, he opened his own State Farm office in Jacksonville, Florida.\nMr. Carlucci's political career began in 1966 with an unsuccessful bid for the Florida Senate tenth district office. In 1968, he was elected as a Councilman-at-large, Group No. 3 to the Jacksonville City Council, with re-election victories in 1971 and 1975. His campaign for the Florida Senate, District 8 office, in 1978 was successful, a position he held until his death on February 1, 1986.\nOn both the local and state levels, Mr. Carlucci's political career was marked by his aggressive and forceful personality and he was often labeled a \"maverick\" for his lone but determined approach to confronting issues in which he believed strongly. As a Jacksonville City Council member, two of his more significant contributions were his legislation creating the Consumer Affairs Division of the City and his bill regulating the City's hiring of professional services which later served as a model for the state of Florida.\nDuring his seven-year tenure in the Florida Senate, many of his contributions were related to reforms of Florida's criminal justice system and child abuse laws. He also served on the Joint Legislative Auditing Committee and became known as \"the taxpayers' watchdog\" over questionable state expenditures. On a local level, he was particularly proud of legislation which established a lower division at the University of North Florida.\nMr. Carlucci was the recipient of numerous awards during his political career, chief among them being the Distinguished Councilman of the Year Award for 1968-69 and 1971-72. In addition, he was honored by various community service groups for his dedication to Jacksonville causes.\nHe was married to the former Louise Moore of Jacksonville and had two children: Michael and Matthew. In 1987, Matthew Carlucci followed in his father's footsteps as a Jacksonville City Councilman, serving as an at-large Council member to 1994. He rejoined the Council in 1999 as a district representative from San Marco / Southside and was elected City Council President for the 2001-2002 term. In August, 2002, he announced his candidacy for Mayor, but finished fourth in the April 15, 2003 election with 20 percent of the vote.","Note written by "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoe Carlucci Collection, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Joe Carlucci Collection, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains correspondence, administrative and subject files, and printed materials relating to Mr. Carlucci's political activities. Few personal items are included. Subject files provide detailed information on highly publicized and controversial Jacksonville, Florida issues (Offshore Power Systems, etc.) and prominent local individuals; extensive documentation on the site selection of the University of North Florida; and insights into the Hans Tanzler mayoral era of Jacksonville politics and government. The Carlucci Papers complement related collections on Jacksonville's government consolidation during the same time period: Richard A. Martin Papers; Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers; Jacksonville, Florida, Government Consolidation Collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains correspondence, administrative and subject files, and printed materials relating to Mr. Carlucci's political activities. Few personal items are included. Subject files provide detailed information on highly publicized and controversial Jacksonville, Florida issues (Offshore Power Systems, etc.) and prominent local individuals; extensive documentation on the site selection of the University of North Florida; and insights into the Hans Tanzler mayoral era of Jacksonville politics and government. The Carlucci Papers complement related collections on Jacksonville's government consolidation during the same time period: Richard A. Martin Papers; Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers; Jacksonville, Florida, Government Consolidation Collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"names_coll_ssim":["Jacksonville (Fla.) City Council.","University of North Florida.","Florida. Legislature. Senate.--Biography.","Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986"],"names_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","Jacksonville (Fla.) City Council.","University of North Florida.","Florida. Legislature. Senate.--Biography.","Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986"],"corpname_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","Jacksonville (Fla.) City Council.","University of North Florida.","Florida. Legislature. Senate.--Biography."],"persname_ssim":["Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"0d0bc0634a7ddd1c5d6bec45","timestamp":"2026-07-09T03:15:35.525Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"0d0bc0634a7ddd1c5d6bec45","title_ssm":["Joe Carlucci Papers"],"title_tesim":["Joe Carlucci Papers"],"ead_ssi":"0d0bc0634a7ddd1c5d6bec45","unitdate_ssm":["1911-1986"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1911-1986"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1988.001","/repositories/3/resources/30"],"text":["1988.001","/repositories/3/resources/30","Joe Carlucci Papers, 1911-1986","Duval County (Fla.)--Biography.","Duval County (Fla.)--Politics and government.","Florida--Politics and government--1951-","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Politics and government.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Biography.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--History.","Legislators--Florida--Biography.","Correspondence","Printed materials","The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.","Joe Carlucci was born in Huntington Beach, New York on January 5, 1929. Upon moving to Florida at age 17, he attended Florida State University and was manager of FSU's first football team in 1947-48. After attending the University of Miami Law School for two years, he began his insurance career with State Farm Insurance Company in 1954. In 1962, he opened his own State Farm office in Jacksonville, Florida.\nMr. Carlucci's political career began in 1966 with an unsuccessful bid for the Florida Senate tenth district office. In 1968, he was elected as a Councilman-at-large, Group No. 3 to the Jacksonville City Council, with re-election victories in 1971 and 1975. His campaign for the Florida Senate, District 8 office, in 1978 was successful, a position he held until his death on February 1, 1986.\nOn both the local and state levels, Mr. Carlucci's political career was marked by his aggressive and forceful personality and he was often labeled a \"maverick\" for his lone but determined approach to confronting issues in which he believed strongly. As a Jacksonville City Council member, two of his more significant contributions were his legislation creating the Consumer Affairs Division of the City and his bill regulating the City's hiring of professional services which later served as a model for the state of Florida.\nDuring his seven-year tenure in the Florida Senate, many of his contributions were related to reforms of Florida's criminal justice system and child abuse laws. He also served on the Joint Legislative Auditing Committee and became known as \"the taxpayers' watchdog\" over questionable state expenditures. On a local level, he was particularly proud of legislation which established a lower division at the University of North Florida.\nMr. Carlucci was the recipient of numerous awards during his political career, chief among them being the Distinguished Councilman of the Year Award for 1968-69 and 1971-72. In addition, he was honored by various community service groups for his dedication to Jacksonville causes.\nHe was married to the former Louise Moore of Jacksonville and had two children: Michael and Matthew. In 1987, Matthew Carlucci followed in his father's footsteps as a Jacksonville City Councilman, serving as an at-large Council member to 1994. He rejoined the Council in 1999 as a district representative from San Marco / Southside and was elected City Council President for the 2001-2002 term. In August, 2002, he announced his candidacy for Mayor, but finished fourth in the April 15, 2003 election with 20 percent of the vote.","Note written by ","The collection contains correspondence, administrative and subject files, and printed materials relating to Mr. Carlucci's political activities. Few personal items are included. Subject files provide detailed information on highly publicized and controversial Jacksonville, Florida issues (Offshore Power Systems, etc.) and prominent local individuals; extensive documentation on the site selection of the University of North Florida; and insights into the Hans Tanzler mayoral era of Jacksonville politics and government. The Carlucci Papers complement related collections on Jacksonville's government consolidation during the same time period: Richard A. Martin Papers; Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers; Jacksonville, Florida, Government Consolidation Collection.","Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information","UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","Jacksonville (Fla.) City Council.","University of North Florida.","Florida. Legislature. Senate.--Biography.","Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1988.001","/repositories/3/resources/30"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1911-1986"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joe Carlucci Papers, 1911-1986"],"collection_title_tesim":["Joe Carlucci Papers, 1911-1986"],"collection_ssim":["Joe Carlucci Papers, 1911-1986"],"repository_ssm":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Duval County (Fla.)--Biography.","Duval County (Fla.)--Politics and government.","Florida--Politics and government--1951-","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Politics and government."],"geogname_ssim":["Duval County (Fla.)--Biography.","Duval County (Fla.)--Politics and government.","Florida--Politics and government--1951-","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Politics and government."],"creator_ssm":["Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986"],"creator_ssim":["Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986"],"creators_ssim":["Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986"],"places_ssim":["Duval County (Fla.)--Biography.","Duval County (Fla.)--Politics and government.","Florida--Politics and government--1951-","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Politics and government."],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was acquired through donation from Louise Carlucci, 1988"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Jacksonville (Fla.)--Biography.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--History.","Legislators--Florida--Biography.","Correspondence","Printed materials"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Jacksonville (Fla.)--Biography.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--History.","Legislators--Florida--Biography.","Correspondence","Printed materials"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["15.00 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Printed materials"],"date_range_isim":[1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoe Carlucci was born in Huntington Beach, New York on January 5, 1929. Upon moving to Florida at age 17, he attended Florida State University and was manager of FSU's first football team in 1947-48. After attending the University of Miami Law School for two years, he began his insurance career with State Farm Insurance Company in 1954. In 1962, he opened his own State Farm office in Jacksonville, Florida.\nMr. Carlucci's political career began in 1966 with an unsuccessful bid for the Florida Senate tenth district office. In 1968, he was elected as a Councilman-at-large, Group No. 3 to the Jacksonville City Council, with re-election victories in 1971 and 1975. His campaign for the Florida Senate, District 8 office, in 1978 was successful, a position he held until his death on February 1, 1986.\nOn both the local and state levels, Mr. Carlucci's political career was marked by his aggressive and forceful personality and he was often labeled a \"maverick\" for his lone but determined approach to confronting issues in which he believed strongly. As a Jacksonville City Council member, two of his more significant contributions were his legislation creating the Consumer Affairs Division of the City and his bill regulating the City's hiring of professional services which later served as a model for the state of Florida.\nDuring his seven-year tenure in the Florida Senate, many of his contributions were related to reforms of Florida's criminal justice system and child abuse laws. He also served on the Joint Legislative Auditing Committee and became known as \"the taxpayers' watchdog\" over questionable state expenditures. On a local level, he was particularly proud of legislation which established a lower division at the University of North Florida.\nMr. Carlucci was the recipient of numerous awards during his political career, chief among them being the Distinguished Councilman of the Year Award for 1968-69 and 1971-72. In addition, he was honored by various community service groups for his dedication to Jacksonville causes.\nHe was married to the former Louise Moore of Jacksonville and had two children: Michael and Matthew. In 1987, Matthew Carlucci followed in his father's footsteps as a Jacksonville City Councilman, serving as an at-large Council member to 1994. He rejoined the Council in 1999 as a district representative from San Marco / Southside and was elected City Council President for the 2001-2002 term. In August, 2002, he announced his candidacy for Mayor, but finished fourth in the April 15, 2003 election with 20 percent of the vote.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joe Carlucci was born in Huntington Beach, New York on January 5, 1929. Upon moving to Florida at age 17, he attended Florida State University and was manager of FSU's first football team in 1947-48. After attending the University of Miami Law School for two years, he began his insurance career with State Farm Insurance Company in 1954. In 1962, he opened his own State Farm office in Jacksonville, Florida.\nMr. Carlucci's political career began in 1966 with an unsuccessful bid for the Florida Senate tenth district office. In 1968, he was elected as a Councilman-at-large, Group No. 3 to the Jacksonville City Council, with re-election victories in 1971 and 1975. His campaign for the Florida Senate, District 8 office, in 1978 was successful, a position he held until his death on February 1, 1986.\nOn both the local and state levels, Mr. Carlucci's political career was marked by his aggressive and forceful personality and he was often labeled a \"maverick\" for his lone but determined approach to confronting issues in which he believed strongly. As a Jacksonville City Council member, two of his more significant contributions were his legislation creating the Consumer Affairs Division of the City and his bill regulating the City's hiring of professional services which later served as a model for the state of Florida.\nDuring his seven-year tenure in the Florida Senate, many of his contributions were related to reforms of Florida's criminal justice system and child abuse laws. He also served on the Joint Legislative Auditing Committee and became known as \"the taxpayers' watchdog\" over questionable state expenditures. On a local level, he was particularly proud of legislation which established a lower division at the University of North Florida.\nMr. Carlucci was the recipient of numerous awards during his political career, chief among them being the Distinguished Councilman of the Year Award for 1968-69 and 1971-72. In addition, he was honored by various community service groups for his dedication to Jacksonville causes.\nHe was married to the former Louise Moore of Jacksonville and had two children: Michael and Matthew. In 1987, Matthew Carlucci followed in his father's footsteps as a Jacksonville City Councilman, serving as an at-large Council member to 1994. He rejoined the Council in 1999 as a district representative from San Marco / Southside and was elected City Council President for the 2001-2002 term. In August, 2002, he announced his candidacy for Mayor, but finished fourth in the April 15, 2003 election with 20 percent of the vote.","Note written by "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoe Carlucci Collection, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Joe Carlucci Collection, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains correspondence, administrative and subject files, and printed materials relating to Mr. Carlucci's political activities. Few personal items are included. Subject files provide detailed information on highly publicized and controversial Jacksonville, Florida issues (Offshore Power Systems, etc.) and prominent local individuals; extensive documentation on the site selection of the University of North Florida; and insights into the Hans Tanzler mayoral era of Jacksonville politics and government. The Carlucci Papers complement related collections on Jacksonville's government consolidation during the same time period: Richard A. Martin Papers; Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers; Jacksonville, Florida, Government Consolidation Collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains correspondence, administrative and subject files, and printed materials relating to Mr. Carlucci's political activities. Few personal items are included. Subject files provide detailed information on highly publicized and controversial Jacksonville, Florida issues (Offshore Power Systems, etc.) and prominent local individuals; extensive documentation on the site selection of the University of North Florida; and insights into the Hans Tanzler mayoral era of Jacksonville politics and government. The Carlucci Papers complement related collections on Jacksonville's government consolidation during the same time period: Richard A. Martin Papers; Homer H. Humphries, Jr. Papers; Jacksonville, Florida, Government Consolidation Collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"names_coll_ssim":["Jacksonville (Fla.) City Council.","University of North Florida.","Florida. Legislature. Senate.--Biography.","Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986"],"names_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","Jacksonville (Fla.) City Council.","University of North Florida.","Florida. Legislature. Senate.--Biography.","Carlucci, Joe, 1929-1986"],"corpname_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","Jacksonville (Fla.) City Council.","University of North Florida.","Florida. Legislature. 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Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"date_range_isim":[1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"language_ssim":["English"],"containers_ssim":["Single Folder Collections – 2019 Box","folder 19.0007-Folder 1"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a USB Flash Drive which contains scanned copies of original letters, documents, photographs, manuscript biography, newspaper articles, and artifacts that belonged to Sparks.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents Note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This folder contains a USB Flash Drive which contains scanned copies of original letters, documents, photographs, manuscript biography, newspaper articles, and artifacts that belonged to Sparks."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","_nest_parent_":"8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9","_root_":"8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9","timestamp":"2026-07-10T04:33:57.267Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9","title_filing_ssi":"Sparks, Joe Gray Papers","title_ssm":["Joe Gray Sparks papers"],"title_tesim":["Joe Gray Sparks papers"],"ead_ssi":"8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9","unitdate_ssm":["1915-1994","Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1915-1994"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["19.0007","/repositories/10/resources/1447"],"text":["19.0007","/repositories/10/resources/1447","Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24","World War, 1939-1945--China","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Pacific Ocean","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--China","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Burma","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--India","B-25 (Bomber)","This collection is open to all researchers.","Joe Gray Sparks was born May 9, 1915 in Douglas, AZ. His family lived in Tombstone, AZ until 1922 when they moved to Tucson, AZ. While in Tombstone, Sparks' father worked as a conductor on the El Paso Southwestern railroad. Tombstone had about 4000 people at that time. \nSparks started piano lessons in 1923 at age eight. He had lessons until age fifteen. For a short time, he went to school in Phoenix near where his aunt lived. However, he returned to Tucson.  He was invited two summers to a cattle ranch in Northern New Mexico where he had his own horse to ride and helped with the chores. At some point he changed schools and skipped a grade and had a hard time adjusting, missed his friends and did poorly in school. After two years, he graduated and entered Tucson High School in 1929.  \nWhile in high school, Sparks played the piano and participated in Boy Scouts. He worked in grocery stores and drug stores. He tried his own business selling Eskimo Pies to service stations and hospitals. He developed an interest in religion and read the Bible. He thought of becoming a minister.  \nSparks graduated from Tucson High School on May 26, 1933 at the age of eighteen. He wanted to join the army, but his sister persuaded him to do at least one year of college at University of Arizona, and he was admitted in 1933. He attended off and on for about six years.  \nFrom 1933 to 1939, while intermittently going to college, he had various jobs. He tutored the Arizona Boys Chorus from April 1-June 15th, 1933 to make up their school work while they were away on tour. He worked in the Santa Rita Mountains for a government soil erosion center typing reports, was secretary to a lawyer, taught typing at the Deaf and Blind School, worked for the Phantom Ranch in Colorado and the Circle Z Ranch near Patagonia, AZ.  \nIn May of 1938, he was appointed a Park Ranger at the North Rim of the Grand Canyon on the recommendation of Senator Carl Hayden who was a friend of his father's. This was a summer job. He hiked the Grand Canyon from rim to rim and took flights over the canyon with a friend. Those flights over the Canyon inspired Sparks' desire to become a pilot.  \nSparks joined the Army in September 1939. He received a letter of recommendation from the dean at University of Arizona to the Army Air Corp. The letter indicated that he had somewhat more than 2 years of college work at the University of Arizona with a scholarship record above average that included four semesters of military training. He was initially rejected from the Army Air Corp because he was underweight. In February of 1940, he joined the army as enlisted in Ft. Bliss, Texas.  At the time he entered the US Army in Ft. Bliss Texas as an enlisted man, he was employed as an assistant freight agent by the Southern Pacific Railroad which he found to be a dead-end job.  \nAfter a month at Ft. Bliss, Sparks was sent to Fort Ord, CA with the 3rd Infantry division (near Monterey) Another month later, he went to Moffat Field near Mountain View and Sunnyvale. He took leave to visit an Army Air Corp senior officer who recommended him for flying school as he had some college education.  \nSparks spent a total of six months as an enlisted man, then nine months as a flying cadet, one year as a 2nd Lieutenant, two years as a First Lieutenant, two years as a Captain and one year as a Major. Sparks had his primary flight training at Cal Aero in Glendale, California for three months, basic flight training at Randolph Field in Texas for 3 months, and then advanced flight training at Brooks Field in Texas for 3 months. He received his wings as a 2nd Lieutenant in February 8, of 1941. He was in the Army Air Corp Reserves at Kelly Field in San Antonio for a while.  \nIn February of 1941, Sparks was transferred to McChord Field in Washington and was there until May 1941. He was assigned to the 17th Bombardment Group and then the 12th Bombardment Group under Colonel Goodrich, and the 81st Squadron. When he first came to Tacoma in 1941, he met Patricia Fitz (to become his second wife). Sparks also spent some time in Spokane and Redding California (in December 1941) where he met Melba (who became his first wife). Pearl Harbor was bombed in early December and America entered WWII.  \nIn early 1942, Sparks transferred to Esler Field in the middle of Louisiana with the 81st Squadron until May of 1942.  He flew for a month at Wright Paterson in Ohio. In Louisiana, Sparks overshot the runway in a blinding rainstorm while landing. His CO was annoyed and thus made him commanding officer of part of the 11th Bomber Squadron that was sent to Karachi India by boat.  \nSparks left Columbia, South Carolina on a boat, the Santa Paula, in May 1942 travelling around the horn of Africa to India. He was the Commanding Officer of the 11th Bomb Squadron ground echelon. He arrived in Karachi India in July 1942. He helped build a camp in an old Indian armored division while they waited for replacement airplanes to arrive for a couple of months. Finally, seven B-25 bombers arrived, and he flew one to China in October 1942 with co-pilot Jimmy Routt where he joined the China Air Task Force. This was the 11th Bomber Squadron air echelon, stationed in Kunming, China. He participated in a series of bombing raids in eastern China, Hong Kong, Kweilin docks, and Haiphong under General Chenault and Colonel Bayse. He flew 30 combat bombing missions in China until January 1943 when he was transferred to Karachi to serve as a test pilot, formation training officer, and engineering officer for crews arriving in India under Captain Bramwell. He was there until April 1943 when he was sent to Kurmitola, India by train across India to set up an advance refueling station close to Burma.  \nIn July of 1943, Sparks was sent to Raniket for 2 weeks to rest camp in the Himalayas. Upon his return, he joined the 13th Squadron of the Air Transport Command at Chabua, India to fly C-47s over the Hump from India to China for a month. He was then sent to Agra where he ferried B-25 bombers into China. In October of 1943, he flew transports from Chabua to Kunming. He also flew C-47s around India from Bangalore, Andal to Chabua via Calcutta, India. In February 1944, Sparks was promoted to Captain and ordered to come home. He came home via Khartoum on a C47, Accra Africa on a C87, to Natal Brazil on a C-46 and then to Miami. ","\nArriving back in the US, he went home to see his family, then out to California to see Melba to propose marriage, but then had to quickly return Berry field in Nashville, Tennessee.  In Nashville, TN, he had the job of interviewing incoming pilots from overseas and reporting their qualifications to Cincinnati headquarters of the ferrying division of the Air Transport Command. He quite enjoyed this and did his best to get them stationed in jobs that they wanted.  \nHe married Melba Joyce Gloeckler on May 27, 1944 in Porterville, Calif. No members of his family were present. He had to return immediately to Nashville while she stayed in Los Angeles, and he found a place for them to live. They survived the summer in Nashville by sleeping in the basement of their rental house until he was assigned to Long Beach California in the fall. They drove there by car. They rented an apartment near the ocean and enjoyed swimming and dancing during time off.  \nSparks went on a long trip ferrying a B-24 heavy bomber to Australia a short time after he had been in Long Beach. He was gone almost a month and felt very lonesome. He flew to Hawaii, Canton, New Caledonia, Suara, Indonesia, and Ipswich and Brisbane, Australia. He liked Brisbane but only had three days there. He then flew back in a C-54.  \nSparks was transferred to Stockton, CA in July 1945 (while his wife stayed on Long Beach). He flew C-47s in the Military Transport Division for four months, transporting war wounded to hospitals around the country. He obtained a commercial pilot's license in October 1945. In early 1946, his instrument rating indicated that he had logged over 1000 flying hours. However, in his journal, he indicated that he had over 2000 flying hours.  \nIn late February 1946, Sparks drove out to the airfield in Stockton, California and shot himself through the left nipple with his 45-caliber service pistol. This was around the 5th anniversary of his becoming a pilot. He slumped forward onto the car horn and a passing farmer heard it and put him in the back of a hay wagon and drove him to the hospital. He was transferred to Letterman General Hospital in San Francisco where he remained until June 1946. Sparks received a promotion to Major.  His wife, Melba, then took him to a hospital in Long Beach where he received several electroshock treatments for depression and was finally discharged from the hospital in December 1946.  \nIn September 1946 he had a leave from the hospital and Sparks and Melba travelled about 3000 miles by car to Yellowstone, Yosemite, Grants Park, and Sequoia National Parks over a period of three weeks. He said in his diary that: \"We had decided before I left the hospital, we could not in all fairness hold our marriage together.\" \"We remained the best of friends and I used to send Melba gifts and money whenever she needed it.\"  \nIn December of 1946, Sparks spent Christmas with the Sparks family in Tucson, and Miami. Melba was not with him. He returned to his old room in his parent's home in Tucson. Melba filed for and was granted a divorce on January 23, 1947 in Los Angeles. Sparks received an honorable discharge from the Army Air Corp with the rank of Major in February 1947. ","Sparks moved to Tucson and spent most of 1947 and 1948 taking several college courses. On February 4, 1949, he married Patricia H. Fitz. He originally met her in Tacoma in 1941 and then became reacquainted with her in 1948 when they both were living in Tucson Arizona.  Sparks returned to college full time on the GI Bill and obtained a BA in business administration.  \nThe Sparks had two daughters, Patricia Jo Sparks in 1950 and Terri Lee Sparks in 1955. The Sparks were married for 45 years. Patricia cared for Joe throughout his many years of illness and was the primary wage earner of the family. His two daughters attended college, helped in part by the GI bill. His oldest daughter, Patricia obtained an MD degree in 1975 and practiced medicine as a specialist for 30 years. Their youngest daughter, Terri, obtained a master's degree in education and worked as a primary school teacher until her retirement.  \nSparks continued to suffer from bipolar disorder, primarily major depression. After 1960, he could not maintain employment and his disability assessment by the Veterans Administration was increase to 100% service-connected disability. Sparks passed away in 1994 at the age of 78 of kidney failure due to lithium toxicity.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection relates to Captain Joe Gray Sparks who served as a pilot with the 11 Bomb Squadron in the Pacific Theater during World War II.  This collection includes a flash memory drive containing scanned copies of letters, documents, photographs, manuscript biography, newspaper articles, and artifacts that belonged to Sparks.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["19.0007","/repositories/10/resources/1447"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"collection_title_tesim":["Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"collection_ssim":["Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945--China"],"geogname_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--China"],"creator_ssm":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"creator_ssim":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"creators_ssim":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"places_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--China"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Pacific Ocean","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--China","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Burma","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--India","B-25 (Bomber)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Pacific Ocean","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--China","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Burma","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--India","B-25 (Bomber)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 folders"],"extent_tesim":["1 folders"],"date_range_isim":[1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access Note"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joe Gray Sparks was born May 9, 1915 in Douglas, AZ. His family lived in Tombstone, AZ until 1922 when they moved to Tucson, AZ. While in Tombstone, Sparks' father worked as a conductor on the El Paso Southwestern railroad. Tombstone had about 4000 people at that time. \nSparks started piano lessons in 1923 at age eight. He had lessons until age fifteen. For a short time, he went to school in Phoenix near where his aunt lived. However, he returned to Tucson.  He was invited two summers to a cattle ranch in Northern New Mexico where he had his own horse to ride and helped with the chores. At some point he changed schools and skipped a grade and had a hard time adjusting, missed his friends and did poorly in school. After two years, he graduated and entered Tucson High School in 1929.  \nWhile in high school, Sparks played the piano and participated in Boy Scouts. He worked in grocery stores and drug stores. He tried his own business selling Eskimo Pies to service stations and hospitals. He developed an interest in religion and read the Bible. He thought of becoming a minister.  \nSparks graduated from Tucson High School on May 26, 1933 at the age of eighteen. He wanted to join the army, but his sister persuaded him to do at least one year of college at University of Arizona, and he was admitted in 1933. He attended off and on for about six years.  \nFrom 1933 to 1939, while intermittently going to college, he had various jobs. He tutored the Arizona Boys Chorus from April 1-June 15th, 1933 to make up their school work while they were away on tour. He worked in the Santa Rita Mountains for a government soil erosion center typing reports, was secretary to a lawyer, taught typing at the Deaf and Blind School, worked for the Phantom Ranch in Colorado and the Circle Z Ranch near Patagonia, AZ.  \nIn May of 1938, he was appointed a Park Ranger at the North Rim of the Grand Canyon on the recommendation of Senator Carl Hayden who was a friend of his father's. This was a summer job. He hiked the Grand Canyon from rim to rim and took flights over the canyon with a friend. Those flights over the Canyon inspired Sparks' desire to become a pilot.  \nSparks joined the Army in September 1939. He received a letter of recommendation from the dean at University of Arizona to the Army Air Corp. The letter indicated that he had somewhat more than 2 years of college work at the University of Arizona with a scholarship record above average that included four semesters of military training. He was initially rejected from the Army Air Corp because he was underweight. In February of 1940, he joined the army as enlisted in Ft. Bliss, Texas.  At the time he entered the US Army in Ft. Bliss Texas as an enlisted man, he was employed as an assistant freight agent by the Southern Pacific Railroad which he found to be a dead-end job.  \nAfter a month at Ft. Bliss, Sparks was sent to Fort Ord, CA with the 3rd Infantry division (near Monterey) Another month later, he went to Moffat Field near Mountain View and Sunnyvale. He took leave to visit an Army Air Corp senior officer who recommended him for flying school as he had some college education.  \nSparks spent a total of six months as an enlisted man, then nine months as a flying cadet, one year as a 2nd Lieutenant, two years as a First Lieutenant, two years as a Captain and one year as a Major. Sparks had his primary flight training at Cal Aero in Glendale, California for three months, basic flight training at Randolph Field in Texas for 3 months, and then advanced flight training at Brooks Field in Texas for 3 months. He received his wings as a 2nd Lieutenant in February 8, of 1941. He was in the Army Air Corp Reserves at Kelly Field in San Antonio for a while.  \nIn February of 1941, Sparks was transferred to McChord Field in Washington and was there until May 1941. He was assigned to the 17th Bombardment Group and then the 12th Bombardment Group under Colonel Goodrich, and the 81st Squadron. When he first came to Tacoma in 1941, he met Patricia Fitz (to become his second wife). Sparks also spent some time in Spokane and Redding California (in December 1941) where he met Melba (who became his first wife). Pearl Harbor was bombed in early December and America entered WWII.  \nIn early 1942, Sparks transferred to Esler Field in the middle of Louisiana with the 81st Squadron until May of 1942.  He flew for a month at Wright Paterson in Ohio. In Louisiana, Sparks overshot the runway in a blinding rainstorm while landing. His CO was annoyed and thus made him commanding officer of part of the 11th Bomber Squadron that was sent to Karachi India by boat.  \nSparks left Columbia, South Carolina on a boat, the Santa Paula, in May 1942 travelling around the horn of Africa to India. He was the Commanding Officer of the 11th Bomb Squadron ground echelon. He arrived in Karachi India in July 1942. He helped build a camp in an old Indian armored division while they waited for replacement airplanes to arrive for a couple of months. Finally, seven B-25 bombers arrived, and he flew one to China in October 1942 with co-pilot Jimmy Routt where he joined the China Air Task Force. This was the 11th Bomber Squadron air echelon, stationed in Kunming, China. He participated in a series of bombing raids in eastern China, Hong Kong, Kweilin docks, and Haiphong under General Chenault and Colonel Bayse. He flew 30 combat bombing missions in China until January 1943 when he was transferred to Karachi to serve as a test pilot, formation training officer, and engineering officer for crews arriving in India under Captain Bramwell. He was there until April 1943 when he was sent to Kurmitola, India by train across India to set up an advance refueling station close to Burma.  \nIn July of 1943, Sparks was sent to Raniket for 2 weeks to rest camp in the Himalayas. Upon his return, he joined the 13th Squadron of the Air Transport Command at Chabua, India to fly C-47s over the Hump from India to China for a month. He was then sent to Agra where he ferried B-25 bombers into China. In October of 1943, he flew transports from Chabua to Kunming. He also flew C-47s around India from Bangalore, Andal to Chabua via Calcutta, India. In February 1944, Sparks was promoted to Captain and ordered to come home. He came home via Khartoum on a C47, Accra Africa on a C87, to Natal Brazil on a C-46 and then to Miami. ","\nArriving back in the US, he went home to see his family, then out to California to see Melba to propose marriage, but then had to quickly return Berry field in Nashville, Tennessee.  In Nashville, TN, he had the job of interviewing incoming pilots from overseas and reporting their qualifications to Cincinnati headquarters of the ferrying division of the Air Transport Command. He quite enjoyed this and did his best to get them stationed in jobs that they wanted.  \nHe married Melba Joyce Gloeckler on May 27, 1944 in Porterville, Calif. No members of his family were present. He had to return immediately to Nashville while she stayed in Los Angeles, and he found a place for them to live. They survived the summer in Nashville by sleeping in the basement of their rental house until he was assigned to Long Beach California in the fall. They drove there by car. They rented an apartment near the ocean and enjoyed swimming and dancing during time off.  \nSparks went on a long trip ferrying a B-24 heavy bomber to Australia a short time after he had been in Long Beach. He was gone almost a month and felt very lonesome. He flew to Hawaii, Canton, New Caledonia, Suara, Indonesia, and Ipswich and Brisbane, Australia. He liked Brisbane but only had three days there. He then flew back in a C-54.  \nSparks was transferred to Stockton, CA in July 1945 (while his wife stayed on Long Beach). He flew C-47s in the Military Transport Division for four months, transporting war wounded to hospitals around the country. He obtained a commercial pilot's license in October 1945. In early 1946, his instrument rating indicated that he had logged over 1000 flying hours. However, in his journal, he indicated that he had over 2000 flying hours.  \nIn late February 1946, Sparks drove out to the airfield in Stockton, California and shot himself through the left nipple with his 45-caliber service pistol. This was around the 5th anniversary of his becoming a pilot. He slumped forward onto the car horn and a passing farmer heard it and put him in the back of a hay wagon and drove him to the hospital. He was transferred to Letterman General Hospital in San Francisco where he remained until June 1946. Sparks received a promotion to Major.  His wife, Melba, then took him to a hospital in Long Beach where he received several electroshock treatments for depression and was finally discharged from the hospital in December 1946.  \nIn September 1946 he had a leave from the hospital and Sparks and Melba travelled about 3000 miles by car to Yellowstone, Yosemite, Grants Park, and Sequoia National Parks over a period of three weeks. He said in his diary that: \"We had decided before I left the hospital, we could not in all fairness hold our marriage together.\" \"We remained the best of friends and I used to send Melba gifts and money whenever she needed it.\"  \nIn December of 1946, Sparks spent Christmas with the Sparks family in Tucson, and Miami. Melba was not with him. He returned to his old room in his parent's home in Tucson. Melba filed for and was granted a divorce on January 23, 1947 in Los Angeles. Sparks received an honorable discharge from the Army Air Corp with the rank of Major in February 1947. ","Sparks moved to Tucson and spent most of 1947 and 1948 taking several college courses. On February 4, 1949, he married Patricia H. Fitz. He originally met her in Tacoma in 1941 and then became reacquainted with her in 1948 when they both were living in Tucson Arizona.  Sparks returned to college full time on the GI Bill and obtained a BA in business administration.  \nThe Sparks had two daughters, Patricia Jo Sparks in 1950 and Terri Lee Sparks in 1955. The Sparks were married for 45 years. Patricia cared for Joe throughout his many years of illness and was the primary wage earner of the family. His two daughters attended college, helped in part by the GI bill. His oldest daughter, Patricia obtained an MD degree in 1975 and practiced medicine as a specialist for 30 years. Their youngest daughter, Terri, obtained a master's degree in education and worked as a primary school teacher until her retirement.  \nSparks continued to suffer from bipolar disorder, primarily major depression. After 1960, he could not maintain employment and his disability assessment by the Veterans Administration was increase to 100% service-connected disability. Sparks passed away in 1994 at the age of 78 of kidney failure due to lithium toxicity."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Joe Gray Sparks papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_19_0007\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_19_0007\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Joe Gray Sparks papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_19_0007"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Captain Joe Gray Sparks who served as a pilot with the 11 Bomb Squadron in the Pacific Theater during World War II.  This collection includes a flash memory drive containing scanned copies of letters, documents, photographs, manuscript biography, newspaper articles, and artifacts that belonged to Sparks.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to Captain Joe Gray Sparks who served as a pilot with the 11 Bomb Squadron in the Pacific Theater during World War II.  This collection includes a flash memory drive containing scanned copies of letters, documents, photographs, manuscript biography, newspaper articles, and artifacts that belonged to Sparks."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use Note"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"persname_ssim":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9","timestamp":"2026-07-10T04:33:57.267Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoe Gray Sparks was born May 9, 1915 in Douglas, AZ. His family lived in Tombstone, AZ until 1922 when they moved to Tucson, AZ. While in Tombstone, Sparks' father worked as a conductor on the El Paso Southwestern railroad. Tombstone had about 4000 people at that time.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks started piano lessons in 1923 at age eight. He had lessons until age fifteen. For a short time, he went to school in Phoenix near where his aunt lived. However, he returned to Tucson.  He was invited two summers to a cattle ranch in Northern New Mexico where he had his own horse to ride and helped with the chores. At some point he changed schools and skipped a grade and had a hard time adjusting, missed his friends and did poorly in school. After two years, he graduated and entered Tucson High School in 1929. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nWhile in high school, Sparks played the piano and participated in Boy Scouts. He worked in grocery stores and drug stores. He tried his own business selling Eskimo Pies to service stations and hospitals. He developed an interest in religion and read the Bible. He thought of becoming a minister. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks graduated from Tucson High School on May 26, 1933 at the age of eighteen. He wanted to join the army, but his sister persuaded him to do at least one year of college at University of Arizona, and he was admitted in 1933. He attended off and on for about six years. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nFrom 1933 to 1939, while intermittently going to college, he had various jobs. He tutored the Arizona Boys Chorus from April 1-June 15th, 1933 to make up their school work while they were away on tour. He worked in the Santa Rita Mountains for a government soil erosion center typing reports, was secretary to a lawyer, taught typing at the Deaf and Blind School, worked for the Phantom Ranch in Colorado and the Circle Z Ranch near Patagonia, AZ. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn May of 1938, he was appointed a Park Ranger at the North Rim of the Grand Canyon on the recommendation of Senator Carl Hayden who was a friend of his father's. This was a summer job. He hiked the Grand Canyon from rim to rim and took flights over the canyon with a friend. Those flights over the Canyon inspired Sparks' desire to become a pilot. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks joined the Army in September 1939. He received a letter of recommendation from the dean at University of Arizona to the Army Air Corp. The letter indicated that he had somewhat more than 2 years of college work at the University of Arizona with a scholarship record above average that included four semesters of military training. He was initially rejected from the Army Air Corp because he was underweight. In February of 1940, he joined the army as enlisted in Ft. Bliss, Texas.  At the time he entered the US Army in Ft. Bliss Texas as an enlisted man, he was employed as an assistant freight agent by the Southern Pacific Railroad which he found to be a dead-end job. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAfter a month at Ft. Bliss, Sparks was sent to Fort Ord, CA with the 3rd Infantry division (near Monterey) Another month later, he went to Moffat Field near Mountain View and Sunnyvale. He took leave to visit an Army Air Corp senior officer who recommended him for flying school as he had some college education. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks spent a total of six months as an enlisted man, then nine months as a flying cadet, one year as a 2nd Lieutenant, two years as a First Lieutenant, two years as a Captain and one year as a Major. Sparks had his primary flight training at Cal Aero in Glendale, California for three months, basic flight training at Randolph Field in Texas for 3 months, and then advanced flight training at Brooks Field in Texas for 3 months. He received his wings as a 2nd Lieutenant in February 8, of 1941. He was in the Army Air Corp Reserves at Kelly Field in San Antonio for a while. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn February of 1941, Sparks was transferred to McChord Field in Washington and was there until May 1941. He was assigned to the 17th Bombardment Group and then the 12th Bombardment Group under Colonel Goodrich, and the 81st Squadron. When he first came to Tacoma in 1941, he met Patricia Fitz (to become his second wife). Sparks also spent some time in Spokane and Redding California (in December 1941) where he met Melba (who became his first wife). Pearl Harbor was bombed in early December and America entered WWII. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn early 1942, Sparks transferred to Esler Field in the middle of Louisiana with the 81st Squadron until May of 1942.  He flew for a month at Wright Paterson in Ohio. In Louisiana, Sparks overshot the runway in a blinding rainstorm while landing. His CO was annoyed and thus made him commanding officer of part of the 11th Bomber Squadron that was sent to Karachi India by boat. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks left Columbia, South Carolina on a boat, the Santa Paula, in May 1942 travelling around the horn of Africa to India. He was the Commanding Officer of the 11th Bomb Squadron ground echelon. He arrived in Karachi India in July 1942. He helped build a camp in an old Indian armored division while they waited for replacement airplanes to arrive for a couple of months. Finally, seven B-25 bombers arrived, and he flew one to China in October 1942 with co-pilot Jimmy Routt where he joined the China Air Task Force. This was the 11th Bomber Squadron air echelon, stationed in Kunming, China. He participated in a series of bombing raids in eastern China, Hong Kong, Kweilin docks, and Haiphong under General Chenault and Colonel Bayse. He flew 30 combat bombing missions in China until January 1943 when he was transferred to Karachi to serve as a test pilot, formation training officer, and engineering officer for crews arriving in India under Captain Bramwell. He was there until April 1943 when he was sent to Kurmitola, India by train across India to set up an advance refueling station close to Burma. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn July of 1943, Sparks was sent to Raniket for 2 weeks to rest camp in the Himalayas. Upon his return, he joined the 13th Squadron of the Air Transport Command at Chabua, India to fly C-47s over the Hump from India to China for a month. He was then sent to Agra where he ferried B-25 bombers into China. In October of 1943, he flew transports from Chabua to Kunming. He also flew C-47s around India from Bangalore, Andal to Chabua via Calcutta, India. In February 1944, Sparks was promoted to Captain and ordered to come home. He came home via Khartoum on a C47, Accra Africa on a C87, to Natal Brazil on a C-46 and then to Miami. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nArriving back in the US, he went home to see his family, then out to California to see Melba to propose marriage, but then had to quickly return Berry field in Nashville, Tennessee.  In Nashville, TN, he had the job of interviewing incoming pilots from overseas and reporting their qualifications to Cincinnati headquarters of the ferrying division of the Air Transport Command. He quite enjoyed this and did his best to get them stationed in jobs that they wanted. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nHe married Melba Joyce Gloeckler on May 27, 1944 in Porterville, Calif. No members of his family were present. He had to return immediately to Nashville while she stayed in Los Angeles, and he found a place for them to live. They survived the summer in Nashville by sleeping in the basement of their rental house until he was assigned to Long Beach California in the fall. They drove there by car. They rented an apartment near the ocean and enjoyed swimming and dancing during time off. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks went on a long trip ferrying a B-24 heavy bomber to Australia a short time after he had been in Long Beach. He was gone almost a month and felt very lonesome. He flew to Hawaii, Canton, New Caledonia, Suara, Indonesia, and Ipswich and Brisbane, Australia. He liked Brisbane but only had three days there. He then flew back in a C-54. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks was transferred to Stockton, CA in July 1945 (while his wife stayed on Long Beach). He flew C-47s in the Military Transport Division for four months, transporting war wounded to hospitals around the country. He obtained a commercial pilot's license in October 1945. In early 1946, his instrument rating indicated that he had logged over 1000 flying hours. However, in his journal, he indicated that he had over 2000 flying hours. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn late February 1946, Sparks drove out to the airfield in Stockton, California and shot himself through the left nipple with his 45-caliber service pistol. This was around the 5th anniversary of his becoming a pilot. He slumped forward onto the car horn and a passing farmer heard it and put him in the back of a hay wagon and drove him to the hospital. He was transferred to Letterman General Hospital in San Francisco where he remained until June 1946. Sparks received a promotion to Major.  His wife, Melba, then took him to a hospital in Long Beach where he received several electroshock treatments for depression and was finally discharged from the hospital in December 1946. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn September 1946 he had a leave from the hospital and Sparks and Melba travelled about 3000 miles by car to Yellowstone, Yosemite, Grants Park, and Sequoia National Parks over a period of three weeks. He said in his diary that: \"We had decided before I left the hospital, we could not in all fairness hold our marriage together.\" \"We remained the best of friends and I used to send Melba gifts and money whenever she needed it.\" \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn December of 1946, Sparks spent Christmas with the Sparks family in Tucson, and Miami. Melba was not with him. He returned to his old room in his parent's home in Tucson. Melba filed for and was granted a divorce on January 23, 1947 in Los Angeles. Sparks received an honorable discharge from the Army Air Corp with the rank of Major in February 1947. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSparks moved to Tucson and spent most of 1947 and 1948 taking several college courses. On February 4, 1949, he married Patricia H. Fitz. He originally met her in Tacoma in 1941 and then became reacquainted with her in 1948 when they both were living in Tucson Arizona.  Sparks returned to college full time on the GI Bill and obtained a BA in business administration. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThe Sparks had two daughters, Patricia Jo Sparks in 1950 and Terri Lee Sparks in 1955. The Sparks were married for 45 years. Patricia cared for Joe throughout his many years of illness and was the primary wage earner of the family. His two daughters attended college, helped in part by the GI bill. His oldest daughter, Patricia obtained an MD degree in 1975 and practiced medicine as a specialist for 30 years. Their youngest daughter, Terri, obtained a master's degree in education and worked as a primary school teacher until her retirement. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks continued to suffer from bipolar disorder, primarily major depression. After 1960, he could not maintain employment and his disability assessment by the Veterans Administration was increase to 100% service-connected disability. Sparks passed away in 1994 at the age of 78 of kidney failure due to lithium toxicity.\u003c/p\u003e"]}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9_aspace_6997e20d8da00eda17d0d1c60b1fd3e1"}},{"id":"8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Captain Joe Gray Sparks who served as a pilot with the 11 Bomb Squadron in the Pacific Theater during World War II. This collection includes a flash memory drive containing scanned copies of letters, documents, photographs, manuscript biography, newspaper articles, and artifacts that belonged to Sparks.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9","title_filing_ssi":"Sparks, Joe Gray Papers","title_ssm":["Joe Gray Sparks papers"],"title_tesim":["Joe Gray Sparks papers"],"ead_ssi":"8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9","unitdate_ssm":["1915-1994","Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1915-1994"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["19.0007","/repositories/10/resources/1447"],"text":["19.0007","/repositories/10/resources/1447","Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24","World War, 1939-1945--China","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Pacific Ocean","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--China","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Burma","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--India","B-25 (Bomber)","This collection is open to all researchers.","Joe Gray Sparks was born May 9, 1915 in Douglas, AZ. His family lived in Tombstone, AZ until 1922 when they moved to Tucson, AZ. While in Tombstone, Sparks' father worked as a conductor on the El Paso Southwestern railroad. Tombstone had about 4000 people at that time. \nSparks started piano lessons in 1923 at age eight. He had lessons until age fifteen. For a short time, he went to school in Phoenix near where his aunt lived. However, he returned to Tucson.  He was invited two summers to a cattle ranch in Northern New Mexico where he had his own horse to ride and helped with the chores. At some point he changed schools and skipped a grade and had a hard time adjusting, missed his friends and did poorly in school. After two years, he graduated and entered Tucson High School in 1929.  \nWhile in high school, Sparks played the piano and participated in Boy Scouts. He worked in grocery stores and drug stores. He tried his own business selling Eskimo Pies to service stations and hospitals. He developed an interest in religion and read the Bible. He thought of becoming a minister.  \nSparks graduated from Tucson High School on May 26, 1933 at the age of eighteen. He wanted to join the army, but his sister persuaded him to do at least one year of college at University of Arizona, and he was admitted in 1933. He attended off and on for about six years.  \nFrom 1933 to 1939, while intermittently going to college, he had various jobs. He tutored the Arizona Boys Chorus from April 1-June 15th, 1933 to make up their school work while they were away on tour. He worked in the Santa Rita Mountains for a government soil erosion center typing reports, was secretary to a lawyer, taught typing at the Deaf and Blind School, worked for the Phantom Ranch in Colorado and the Circle Z Ranch near Patagonia, AZ.  \nIn May of 1938, he was appointed a Park Ranger at the North Rim of the Grand Canyon on the recommendation of Senator Carl Hayden who was a friend of his father's. This was a summer job. He hiked the Grand Canyon from rim to rim and took flights over the canyon with a friend. Those flights over the Canyon inspired Sparks' desire to become a pilot.  \nSparks joined the Army in September 1939. He received a letter of recommendation from the dean at University of Arizona to the Army Air Corp. The letter indicated that he had somewhat more than 2 years of college work at the University of Arizona with a scholarship record above average that included four semesters of military training. He was initially rejected from the Army Air Corp because he was underweight. In February of 1940, he joined the army as enlisted in Ft. Bliss, Texas.  At the time he entered the US Army in Ft. Bliss Texas as an enlisted man, he was employed as an assistant freight agent by the Southern Pacific Railroad which he found to be a dead-end job.  \nAfter a month at Ft. Bliss, Sparks was sent to Fort Ord, CA with the 3rd Infantry division (near Monterey) Another month later, he went to Moffat Field near Mountain View and Sunnyvale. He took leave to visit an Army Air Corp senior officer who recommended him for flying school as he had some college education.  \nSparks spent a total of six months as an enlisted man, then nine months as a flying cadet, one year as a 2nd Lieutenant, two years as a First Lieutenant, two years as a Captain and one year as a Major. Sparks had his primary flight training at Cal Aero in Glendale, California for three months, basic flight training at Randolph Field in Texas for 3 months, and then advanced flight training at Brooks Field in Texas for 3 months. He received his wings as a 2nd Lieutenant in February 8, of 1941. He was in the Army Air Corp Reserves at Kelly Field in San Antonio for a while.  \nIn February of 1941, Sparks was transferred to McChord Field in Washington and was there until May 1941. He was assigned to the 17th Bombardment Group and then the 12th Bombardment Group under Colonel Goodrich, and the 81st Squadron. When he first came to Tacoma in 1941, he met Patricia Fitz (to become his second wife). Sparks also spent some time in Spokane and Redding California (in December 1941) where he met Melba (who became his first wife). Pearl Harbor was bombed in early December and America entered WWII.  \nIn early 1942, Sparks transferred to Esler Field in the middle of Louisiana with the 81st Squadron until May of 1942.  He flew for a month at Wright Paterson in Ohio. In Louisiana, Sparks overshot the runway in a blinding rainstorm while landing. His CO was annoyed and thus made him commanding officer of part of the 11th Bomber Squadron that was sent to Karachi India by boat.  \nSparks left Columbia, South Carolina on a boat, the Santa Paula, in May 1942 travelling around the horn of Africa to India. He was the Commanding Officer of the 11th Bomb Squadron ground echelon. He arrived in Karachi India in July 1942. He helped build a camp in an old Indian armored division while they waited for replacement airplanes to arrive for a couple of months. Finally, seven B-25 bombers arrived, and he flew one to China in October 1942 with co-pilot Jimmy Routt where he joined the China Air Task Force. This was the 11th Bomber Squadron air echelon, stationed in Kunming, China. He participated in a series of bombing raids in eastern China, Hong Kong, Kweilin docks, and Haiphong under General Chenault and Colonel Bayse. He flew 30 combat bombing missions in China until January 1943 when he was transferred to Karachi to serve as a test pilot, formation training officer, and engineering officer for crews arriving in India under Captain Bramwell. He was there until April 1943 when he was sent to Kurmitola, India by train across India to set up an advance refueling station close to Burma.  \nIn July of 1943, Sparks was sent to Raniket for 2 weeks to rest camp in the Himalayas. Upon his return, he joined the 13th Squadron of the Air Transport Command at Chabua, India to fly C-47s over the Hump from India to China for a month. He was then sent to Agra where he ferried B-25 bombers into China. In October of 1943, he flew transports from Chabua to Kunming. He also flew C-47s around India from Bangalore, Andal to Chabua via Calcutta, India. In February 1944, Sparks was promoted to Captain and ordered to come home. He came home via Khartoum on a C47, Accra Africa on a C87, to Natal Brazil on a C-46 and then to Miami. ","\nArriving back in the US, he went home to see his family, then out to California to see Melba to propose marriage, but then had to quickly return Berry field in Nashville, Tennessee.  In Nashville, TN, he had the job of interviewing incoming pilots from overseas and reporting their qualifications to Cincinnati headquarters of the ferrying division of the Air Transport Command. He quite enjoyed this and did his best to get them stationed in jobs that they wanted.  \nHe married Melba Joyce Gloeckler on May 27, 1944 in Porterville, Calif. No members of his family were present. He had to return immediately to Nashville while she stayed in Los Angeles, and he found a place for them to live. They survived the summer in Nashville by sleeping in the basement of their rental house until he was assigned to Long Beach California in the fall. They drove there by car. They rented an apartment near the ocean and enjoyed swimming and dancing during time off.  \nSparks went on a long trip ferrying a B-24 heavy bomber to Australia a short time after he had been in Long Beach. He was gone almost a month and felt very lonesome. He flew to Hawaii, Canton, New Caledonia, Suara, Indonesia, and Ipswich and Brisbane, Australia. He liked Brisbane but only had three days there. He then flew back in a C-54.  \nSparks was transferred to Stockton, CA in July 1945 (while his wife stayed on Long Beach). He flew C-47s in the Military Transport Division for four months, transporting war wounded to hospitals around the country. He obtained a commercial pilot's license in October 1945. In early 1946, his instrument rating indicated that he had logged over 1000 flying hours. However, in his journal, he indicated that he had over 2000 flying hours.  \nIn late February 1946, Sparks drove out to the airfield in Stockton, California and shot himself through the left nipple with his 45-caliber service pistol. This was around the 5th anniversary of his becoming a pilot. He slumped forward onto the car horn and a passing farmer heard it and put him in the back of a hay wagon and drove him to the hospital. He was transferred to Letterman General Hospital in San Francisco where he remained until June 1946. Sparks received a promotion to Major.  His wife, Melba, then took him to a hospital in Long Beach where he received several electroshock treatments for depression and was finally discharged from the hospital in December 1946.  \nIn September 1946 he had a leave from the hospital and Sparks and Melba travelled about 3000 miles by car to Yellowstone, Yosemite, Grants Park, and Sequoia National Parks over a period of three weeks. He said in his diary that: \"We had decided before I left the hospital, we could not in all fairness hold our marriage together.\" \"We remained the best of friends and I used to send Melba gifts and money whenever she needed it.\"  \nIn December of 1946, Sparks spent Christmas with the Sparks family in Tucson, and Miami. Melba was not with him. He returned to his old room in his parent's home in Tucson. Melba filed for and was granted a divorce on January 23, 1947 in Los Angeles. Sparks received an honorable discharge from the Army Air Corp with the rank of Major in February 1947. ","Sparks moved to Tucson and spent most of 1947 and 1948 taking several college courses. On February 4, 1949, he married Patricia H. Fitz. He originally met her in Tacoma in 1941 and then became reacquainted with her in 1948 when they both were living in Tucson Arizona.  Sparks returned to college full time on the GI Bill and obtained a BA in business administration.  \nThe Sparks had two daughters, Patricia Jo Sparks in 1950 and Terri Lee Sparks in 1955. The Sparks were married for 45 years. Patricia cared for Joe throughout his many years of illness and was the primary wage earner of the family. His two daughters attended college, helped in part by the GI bill. His oldest daughter, Patricia obtained an MD degree in 1975 and practiced medicine as a specialist for 30 years. Their youngest daughter, Terri, obtained a master's degree in education and worked as a primary school teacher until her retirement.  \nSparks continued to suffer from bipolar disorder, primarily major depression. After 1960, he could not maintain employment and his disability assessment by the Veterans Administration was increase to 100% service-connected disability. Sparks passed away in 1994 at the age of 78 of kidney failure due to lithium toxicity.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection relates to Captain Joe Gray Sparks who served as a pilot with the 11 Bomb Squadron in the Pacific Theater during World War II.  This collection includes a flash memory drive containing scanned copies of letters, documents, photographs, manuscript biography, newspaper articles, and artifacts that belonged to Sparks.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["19.0007","/repositories/10/resources/1447"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"collection_title_tesim":["Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"collection_ssim":["Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945--China"],"geogname_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--China"],"creator_ssm":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"creator_ssim":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"creators_ssim":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"places_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--China"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Pacific Ocean","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--China","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Burma","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--India","B-25 (Bomber)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Pacific Ocean","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--China","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Burma","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--India","B-25 (Bomber)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 folders"],"extent_tesim":["1 folders"],"date_range_isim":[1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access Note"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joe Gray Sparks was born May 9, 1915 in Douglas, AZ. His family lived in Tombstone, AZ until 1922 when they moved to Tucson, AZ. While in Tombstone, Sparks' father worked as a conductor on the El Paso Southwestern railroad. Tombstone had about 4000 people at that time. \nSparks started piano lessons in 1923 at age eight. He had lessons until age fifteen. For a short time, he went to school in Phoenix near where his aunt lived. However, he returned to Tucson.  He was invited two summers to a cattle ranch in Northern New Mexico where he had his own horse to ride and helped with the chores. At some point he changed schools and skipped a grade and had a hard time adjusting, missed his friends and did poorly in school. After two years, he graduated and entered Tucson High School in 1929.  \nWhile in high school, Sparks played the piano and participated in Boy Scouts. He worked in grocery stores and drug stores. He tried his own business selling Eskimo Pies to service stations and hospitals. He developed an interest in religion and read the Bible. He thought of becoming a minister.  \nSparks graduated from Tucson High School on May 26, 1933 at the age of eighteen. He wanted to join the army, but his sister persuaded him to do at least one year of college at University of Arizona, and he was admitted in 1933. He attended off and on for about six years.  \nFrom 1933 to 1939, while intermittently going to college, he had various jobs. He tutored the Arizona Boys Chorus from April 1-June 15th, 1933 to make up their school work while they were away on tour. He worked in the Santa Rita Mountains for a government soil erosion center typing reports, was secretary to a lawyer, taught typing at the Deaf and Blind School, worked for the Phantom Ranch in Colorado and the Circle Z Ranch near Patagonia, AZ.  \nIn May of 1938, he was appointed a Park Ranger at the North Rim of the Grand Canyon on the recommendation of Senator Carl Hayden who was a friend of his father's. This was a summer job. He hiked the Grand Canyon from rim to rim and took flights over the canyon with a friend. Those flights over the Canyon inspired Sparks' desire to become a pilot.  \nSparks joined the Army in September 1939. He received a letter of recommendation from the dean at University of Arizona to the Army Air Corp. The letter indicated that he had somewhat more than 2 years of college work at the University of Arizona with a scholarship record above average that included four semesters of military training. He was initially rejected from the Army Air Corp because he was underweight. In February of 1940, he joined the army as enlisted in Ft. Bliss, Texas.  At the time he entered the US Army in Ft. Bliss Texas as an enlisted man, he was employed as an assistant freight agent by the Southern Pacific Railroad which he found to be a dead-end job.  \nAfter a month at Ft. Bliss, Sparks was sent to Fort Ord, CA with the 3rd Infantry division (near Monterey) Another month later, he went to Moffat Field near Mountain View and Sunnyvale. He took leave to visit an Army Air Corp senior officer who recommended him for flying school as he had some college education.  \nSparks spent a total of six months as an enlisted man, then nine months as a flying cadet, one year as a 2nd Lieutenant, two years as a First Lieutenant, two years as a Captain and one year as a Major. Sparks had his primary flight training at Cal Aero in Glendale, California for three months, basic flight training at Randolph Field in Texas for 3 months, and then advanced flight training at Brooks Field in Texas for 3 months. He received his wings as a 2nd Lieutenant in February 8, of 1941. He was in the Army Air Corp Reserves at Kelly Field in San Antonio for a while.  \nIn February of 1941, Sparks was transferred to McChord Field in Washington and was there until May 1941. He was assigned to the 17th Bombardment Group and then the 12th Bombardment Group under Colonel Goodrich, and the 81st Squadron. When he first came to Tacoma in 1941, he met Patricia Fitz (to become his second wife). Sparks also spent some time in Spokane and Redding California (in December 1941) where he met Melba (who became his first wife). Pearl Harbor was bombed in early December and America entered WWII.  \nIn early 1942, Sparks transferred to Esler Field in the middle of Louisiana with the 81st Squadron until May of 1942.  He flew for a month at Wright Paterson in Ohio. In Louisiana, Sparks overshot the runway in a blinding rainstorm while landing. His CO was annoyed and thus made him commanding officer of part of the 11th Bomber Squadron that was sent to Karachi India by boat.  \nSparks left Columbia, South Carolina on a boat, the Santa Paula, in May 1942 travelling around the horn of Africa to India. He was the Commanding Officer of the 11th Bomb Squadron ground echelon. He arrived in Karachi India in July 1942. He helped build a camp in an old Indian armored division while they waited for replacement airplanes to arrive for a couple of months. Finally, seven B-25 bombers arrived, and he flew one to China in October 1942 with co-pilot Jimmy Routt where he joined the China Air Task Force. This was the 11th Bomber Squadron air echelon, stationed in Kunming, China. He participated in a series of bombing raids in eastern China, Hong Kong, Kweilin docks, and Haiphong under General Chenault and Colonel Bayse. He flew 30 combat bombing missions in China until January 1943 when he was transferred to Karachi to serve as a test pilot, formation training officer, and engineering officer for crews arriving in India under Captain Bramwell. He was there until April 1943 when he was sent to Kurmitola, India by train across India to set up an advance refueling station close to Burma.  \nIn July of 1943, Sparks was sent to Raniket for 2 weeks to rest camp in the Himalayas. Upon his return, he joined the 13th Squadron of the Air Transport Command at Chabua, India to fly C-47s over the Hump from India to China for a month. He was then sent to Agra where he ferried B-25 bombers into China. In October of 1943, he flew transports from Chabua to Kunming. He also flew C-47s around India from Bangalore, Andal to Chabua via Calcutta, India. In February 1944, Sparks was promoted to Captain and ordered to come home. He came home via Khartoum on a C47, Accra Africa on a C87, to Natal Brazil on a C-46 and then to Miami. ","\nArriving back in the US, he went home to see his family, then out to California to see Melba to propose marriage, but then had to quickly return Berry field in Nashville, Tennessee.  In Nashville, TN, he had the job of interviewing incoming pilots from overseas and reporting their qualifications to Cincinnati headquarters of the ferrying division of the Air Transport Command. He quite enjoyed this and did his best to get them stationed in jobs that they wanted.  \nHe married Melba Joyce Gloeckler on May 27, 1944 in Porterville, Calif. No members of his family were present. He had to return immediately to Nashville while she stayed in Los Angeles, and he found a place for them to live. They survived the summer in Nashville by sleeping in the basement of their rental house until he was assigned to Long Beach California in the fall. They drove there by car. They rented an apartment near the ocean and enjoyed swimming and dancing during time off.  \nSparks went on a long trip ferrying a B-24 heavy bomber to Australia a short time after he had been in Long Beach. He was gone almost a month and felt very lonesome. He flew to Hawaii, Canton, New Caledonia, Suara, Indonesia, and Ipswich and Brisbane, Australia. He liked Brisbane but only had three days there. He then flew back in a C-54.  \nSparks was transferred to Stockton, CA in July 1945 (while his wife stayed on Long Beach). He flew C-47s in the Military Transport Division for four months, transporting war wounded to hospitals around the country. He obtained a commercial pilot's license in October 1945. In early 1946, his instrument rating indicated that he had logged over 1000 flying hours. However, in his journal, he indicated that he had over 2000 flying hours.  \nIn late February 1946, Sparks drove out to the airfield in Stockton, California and shot himself through the left nipple with his 45-caliber service pistol. This was around the 5th anniversary of his becoming a pilot. He slumped forward onto the car horn and a passing farmer heard it and put him in the back of a hay wagon and drove him to the hospital. He was transferred to Letterman General Hospital in San Francisco where he remained until June 1946. Sparks received a promotion to Major.  His wife, Melba, then took him to a hospital in Long Beach where he received several electroshock treatments for depression and was finally discharged from the hospital in December 1946.  \nIn September 1946 he had a leave from the hospital and Sparks and Melba travelled about 3000 miles by car to Yellowstone, Yosemite, Grants Park, and Sequoia National Parks over a period of three weeks. He said in his diary that: \"We had decided before I left the hospital, we could not in all fairness hold our marriage together.\" \"We remained the best of friends and I used to send Melba gifts and money whenever she needed it.\"  \nIn December of 1946, Sparks spent Christmas with the Sparks family in Tucson, and Miami. Melba was not with him. He returned to his old room in his parent's home in Tucson. Melba filed for and was granted a divorce on January 23, 1947 in Los Angeles. Sparks received an honorable discharge from the Army Air Corp with the rank of Major in February 1947. ","Sparks moved to Tucson and spent most of 1947 and 1948 taking several college courses. On February 4, 1949, he married Patricia H. Fitz. He originally met her in Tacoma in 1941 and then became reacquainted with her in 1948 when they both were living in Tucson Arizona.  Sparks returned to college full time on the GI Bill and obtained a BA in business administration.  \nThe Sparks had two daughters, Patricia Jo Sparks in 1950 and Terri Lee Sparks in 1955. The Sparks were married for 45 years. Patricia cared for Joe throughout his many years of illness and was the primary wage earner of the family. His two daughters attended college, helped in part by the GI bill. His oldest daughter, Patricia obtained an MD degree in 1975 and practiced medicine as a specialist for 30 years. Their youngest daughter, Terri, obtained a master's degree in education and worked as a primary school teacher until her retirement.  \nSparks continued to suffer from bipolar disorder, primarily major depression. After 1960, he could not maintain employment and his disability assessment by the Veterans Administration was increase to 100% service-connected disability. Sparks passed away in 1994 at the age of 78 of kidney failure due to lithium toxicity."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Joe Gray Sparks papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_19_0007\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_19_0007\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Joe Gray Sparks papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_19_0007"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Captain Joe Gray Sparks who served as a pilot with the 11 Bomb Squadron in the Pacific Theater during World War II.  This collection includes a flash memory drive containing scanned copies of letters, documents, photographs, manuscript biography, newspaper articles, and artifacts that belonged to Sparks.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to Captain Joe Gray Sparks who served as a pilot with the 11 Bomb Squadron in the Pacific Theater during World War II.  This collection includes a flash memory drive containing scanned copies of letters, documents, photographs, manuscript biography, newspaper articles, and artifacts that belonged to Sparks."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use Note"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"persname_ssim":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9","timestamp":"2026-07-10T04:33:57.267Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoe Gray Sparks was born May 9, 1915 in Douglas, AZ. His family lived in Tombstone, AZ until 1922 when they moved to Tucson, AZ. While in Tombstone, Sparks' father worked as a conductor on the El Paso Southwestern railroad. Tombstone had about 4000 people at that time.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks started piano lessons in 1923 at age eight. He had lessons until age fifteen. For a short time, he went to school in Phoenix near where his aunt lived. However, he returned to Tucson.  He was invited two summers to a cattle ranch in Northern New Mexico where he had his own horse to ride and helped with the chores. At some point he changed schools and skipped a grade and had a hard time adjusting, missed his friends and did poorly in school. After two years, he graduated and entered Tucson High School in 1929. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nWhile in high school, Sparks played the piano and participated in Boy Scouts. He worked in grocery stores and drug stores. He tried his own business selling Eskimo Pies to service stations and hospitals. He developed an interest in religion and read the Bible. He thought of becoming a minister. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks graduated from Tucson High School on May 26, 1933 at the age of eighteen. He wanted to join the army, but his sister persuaded him to do at least one year of college at University of Arizona, and he was admitted in 1933. He attended off and on for about six years. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nFrom 1933 to 1939, while intermittently going to college, he had various jobs. He tutored the Arizona Boys Chorus from April 1-June 15th, 1933 to make up their school work while they were away on tour. He worked in the Santa Rita Mountains for a government soil erosion center typing reports, was secretary to a lawyer, taught typing at the Deaf and Blind School, worked for the Phantom Ranch in Colorado and the Circle Z Ranch near Patagonia, AZ. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn May of 1938, he was appointed a Park Ranger at the North Rim of the Grand Canyon on the recommendation of Senator Carl Hayden who was a friend of his father's. This was a summer job. He hiked the Grand Canyon from rim to rim and took flights over the canyon with a friend. Those flights over the Canyon inspired Sparks' desire to become a pilot. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks joined the Army in September 1939. He received a letter of recommendation from the dean at University of Arizona to the Army Air Corp. The letter indicated that he had somewhat more than 2 years of college work at the University of Arizona with a scholarship record above average that included four semesters of military training. He was initially rejected from the Army Air Corp because he was underweight. In February of 1940, he joined the army as enlisted in Ft. Bliss, Texas.  At the time he entered the US Army in Ft. Bliss Texas as an enlisted man, he was employed as an assistant freight agent by the Southern Pacific Railroad which he found to be a dead-end job. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAfter a month at Ft. Bliss, Sparks was sent to Fort Ord, CA with the 3rd Infantry division (near Monterey) Another month later, he went to Moffat Field near Mountain View and Sunnyvale. He took leave to visit an Army Air Corp senior officer who recommended him for flying school as he had some college education. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks spent a total of six months as an enlisted man, then nine months as a flying cadet, one year as a 2nd Lieutenant, two years as a First Lieutenant, two years as a Captain and one year as a Major. Sparks had his primary flight training at Cal Aero in Glendale, California for three months, basic flight training at Randolph Field in Texas for 3 months, and then advanced flight training at Brooks Field in Texas for 3 months. He received his wings as a 2nd Lieutenant in February 8, of 1941. He was in the Army Air Corp Reserves at Kelly Field in San Antonio for a while. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn February of 1941, Sparks was transferred to McChord Field in Washington and was there until May 1941. He was assigned to the 17th Bombardment Group and then the 12th Bombardment Group under Colonel Goodrich, and the 81st Squadron. When he first came to Tacoma in 1941, he met Patricia Fitz (to become his second wife). Sparks also spent some time in Spokane and Redding California (in December 1941) where he met Melba (who became his first wife). Pearl Harbor was bombed in early December and America entered WWII. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn early 1942, Sparks transferred to Esler Field in the middle of Louisiana with the 81st Squadron until May of 1942.  He flew for a month at Wright Paterson in Ohio. In Louisiana, Sparks overshot the runway in a blinding rainstorm while landing. His CO was annoyed and thus made him commanding officer of part of the 11th Bomber Squadron that was sent to Karachi India by boat. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks left Columbia, South Carolina on a boat, the Santa Paula, in May 1942 travelling around the horn of Africa to India. He was the Commanding Officer of the 11th Bomb Squadron ground echelon. He arrived in Karachi India in July 1942. He helped build a camp in an old Indian armored division while they waited for replacement airplanes to arrive for a couple of months. Finally, seven B-25 bombers arrived, and he flew one to China in October 1942 with co-pilot Jimmy Routt where he joined the China Air Task Force. This was the 11th Bomber Squadron air echelon, stationed in Kunming, China. He participated in a series of bombing raids in eastern China, Hong Kong, Kweilin docks, and Haiphong under General Chenault and Colonel Bayse. He flew 30 combat bombing missions in China until January 1943 when he was transferred to Karachi to serve as a test pilot, formation training officer, and engineering officer for crews arriving in India under Captain Bramwell. He was there until April 1943 when he was sent to Kurmitola, India by train across India to set up an advance refueling station close to Burma. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn July of 1943, Sparks was sent to Raniket for 2 weeks to rest camp in the Himalayas. Upon his return, he joined the 13th Squadron of the Air Transport Command at Chabua, India to fly C-47s over the Hump from India to China for a month. He was then sent to Agra where he ferried B-25 bombers into China. In October of 1943, he flew transports from Chabua to Kunming. He also flew C-47s around India from Bangalore, Andal to Chabua via Calcutta, India. In February 1944, Sparks was promoted to Captain and ordered to come home. He came home via Khartoum on a C47, Accra Africa on a C87, to Natal Brazil on a C-46 and then to Miami. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nArriving back in the US, he went home to see his family, then out to California to see Melba to propose marriage, but then had to quickly return Berry field in Nashville, Tennessee.  In Nashville, TN, he had the job of interviewing incoming pilots from overseas and reporting their qualifications to Cincinnati headquarters of the ferrying division of the Air Transport Command. He quite enjoyed this and did his best to get them stationed in jobs that they wanted. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nHe married Melba Joyce Gloeckler on May 27, 1944 in Porterville, Calif. No members of his family were present. He had to return immediately to Nashville while she stayed in Los Angeles, and he found a place for them to live. They survived the summer in Nashville by sleeping in the basement of their rental house until he was assigned to Long Beach California in the fall. They drove there by car. They rented an apartment near the ocean and enjoyed swimming and dancing during time off. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks went on a long trip ferrying a B-24 heavy bomber to Australia a short time after he had been in Long Beach. He was gone almost a month and felt very lonesome. He flew to Hawaii, Canton, New Caledonia, Suara, Indonesia, and Ipswich and Brisbane, Australia. He liked Brisbane but only had three days there. He then flew back in a C-54. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks was transferred to Stockton, CA in July 1945 (while his wife stayed on Long Beach). He flew C-47s in the Military Transport Division for four months, transporting war wounded to hospitals around the country. He obtained a commercial pilot's license in October 1945. In early 1946, his instrument rating indicated that he had logged over 1000 flying hours. However, in his journal, he indicated that he had over 2000 flying hours. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn late February 1946, Sparks drove out to the airfield in Stockton, California and shot himself through the left nipple with his 45-caliber service pistol. This was around the 5th anniversary of his becoming a pilot. He slumped forward onto the car horn and a passing farmer heard it and put him in the back of a hay wagon and drove him to the hospital. He was transferred to Letterman General Hospital in San Francisco where he remained until June 1946. Sparks received a promotion to Major.  His wife, Melba, then took him to a hospital in Long Beach where he received several electroshock treatments for depression and was finally discharged from the hospital in December 1946. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn September 1946 he had a leave from the hospital and Sparks and Melba travelled about 3000 miles by car to Yellowstone, Yosemite, Grants Park, and Sequoia National Parks over a period of three weeks. He said in his diary that: \"We had decided before I left the hospital, we could not in all fairness hold our marriage together.\" \"We remained the best of friends and I used to send Melba gifts and money whenever she needed it.\" \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn December of 1946, Sparks spent Christmas with the Sparks family in Tucson, and Miami. Melba was not with him. He returned to his old room in his parent's home in Tucson. Melba filed for and was granted a divorce on January 23, 1947 in Los Angeles. Sparks received an honorable discharge from the Army Air Corp with the rank of Major in February 1947. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSparks moved to Tucson and spent most of 1947 and 1948 taking several college courses. On February 4, 1949, he married Patricia H. Fitz. He originally met her in Tacoma in 1941 and then became reacquainted with her in 1948 when they both were living in Tucson Arizona.  Sparks returned to college full time on the GI Bill and obtained a BA in business administration. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThe Sparks had two daughters, Patricia Jo Sparks in 1950 and Terri Lee Sparks in 1955. The Sparks were married for 45 years. Patricia cared for Joe throughout his many years of illness and was the primary wage earner of the family. His two daughters attended college, helped in part by the GI bill. His oldest daughter, Patricia obtained an MD degree in 1975 and practiced medicine as a specialist for 30 years. Their youngest daughter, Terri, obtained a master's degree in education and worked as a primary school teacher until her retirement. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks continued to suffer from bipolar disorder, primarily major depression. After 1960, he could not maintain employment and his disability assessment by the Veterans Administration was increase to 100% service-connected disability. Sparks passed away in 1994 at the age of 78 of kidney failure due to lithium toxicity.\u003c/p\u003e"],"collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9","title_filing_ssi":"Sparks, Joe Gray Papers","title_ssm":["Joe Gray Sparks papers"],"title_tesim":["Joe Gray Sparks papers"],"ead_ssi":"8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9","unitdate_ssm":["1915-1994","Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1915-1994"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["19.0007","/repositories/10/resources/1447"],"text":["19.0007","/repositories/10/resources/1447","Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24","World War, 1939-1945--China","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Pacific Ocean","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--China","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Burma","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--India","B-25 (Bomber)","This collection is open to all researchers.","Joe Gray Sparks was born May 9, 1915 in Douglas, AZ. His family lived in Tombstone, AZ until 1922 when they moved to Tucson, AZ. While in Tombstone, Sparks' father worked as a conductor on the El Paso Southwestern railroad. Tombstone had about 4000 people at that time. \nSparks started piano lessons in 1923 at age eight. He had lessons until age fifteen. For a short time, he went to school in Phoenix near where his aunt lived. However, he returned to Tucson.  He was invited two summers to a cattle ranch in Northern New Mexico where he had his own horse to ride and helped with the chores. At some point he changed schools and skipped a grade and had a hard time adjusting, missed his friends and did poorly in school. After two years, he graduated and entered Tucson High School in 1929.  \nWhile in high school, Sparks played the piano and participated in Boy Scouts. He worked in grocery stores and drug stores. He tried his own business selling Eskimo Pies to service stations and hospitals. He developed an interest in religion and read the Bible. He thought of becoming a minister.  \nSparks graduated from Tucson High School on May 26, 1933 at the age of eighteen. He wanted to join the army, but his sister persuaded him to do at least one year of college at University of Arizona, and he was admitted in 1933. He attended off and on for about six years.  \nFrom 1933 to 1939, while intermittently going to college, he had various jobs. He tutored the Arizona Boys Chorus from April 1-June 15th, 1933 to make up their school work while they were away on tour. He worked in the Santa Rita Mountains for a government soil erosion center typing reports, was secretary to a lawyer, taught typing at the Deaf and Blind School, worked for the Phantom Ranch in Colorado and the Circle Z Ranch near Patagonia, AZ.  \nIn May of 1938, he was appointed a Park Ranger at the North Rim of the Grand Canyon on the recommendation of Senator Carl Hayden who was a friend of his father's. This was a summer job. He hiked the Grand Canyon from rim to rim and took flights over the canyon with a friend. Those flights over the Canyon inspired Sparks' desire to become a pilot.  \nSparks joined the Army in September 1939. He received a letter of recommendation from the dean at University of Arizona to the Army Air Corp. The letter indicated that he had somewhat more than 2 years of college work at the University of Arizona with a scholarship record above average that included four semesters of military training. He was initially rejected from the Army Air Corp because he was underweight. In February of 1940, he joined the army as enlisted in Ft. Bliss, Texas.  At the time he entered the US Army in Ft. Bliss Texas as an enlisted man, he was employed as an assistant freight agent by the Southern Pacific Railroad which he found to be a dead-end job.  \nAfter a month at Ft. Bliss, Sparks was sent to Fort Ord, CA with the 3rd Infantry division (near Monterey) Another month later, he went to Moffat Field near Mountain View and Sunnyvale. He took leave to visit an Army Air Corp senior officer who recommended him for flying school as he had some college education.  \nSparks spent a total of six months as an enlisted man, then nine months as a flying cadet, one year as a 2nd Lieutenant, two years as a First Lieutenant, two years as a Captain and one year as a Major. Sparks had his primary flight training at Cal Aero in Glendale, California for three months, basic flight training at Randolph Field in Texas for 3 months, and then advanced flight training at Brooks Field in Texas for 3 months. He received his wings as a 2nd Lieutenant in February 8, of 1941. He was in the Army Air Corp Reserves at Kelly Field in San Antonio for a while.  \nIn February of 1941, Sparks was transferred to McChord Field in Washington and was there until May 1941. He was assigned to the 17th Bombardment Group and then the 12th Bombardment Group under Colonel Goodrich, and the 81st Squadron. When he first came to Tacoma in 1941, he met Patricia Fitz (to become his second wife). Sparks also spent some time in Spokane and Redding California (in December 1941) where he met Melba (who became his first wife). Pearl Harbor was bombed in early December and America entered WWII.  \nIn early 1942, Sparks transferred to Esler Field in the middle of Louisiana with the 81st Squadron until May of 1942.  He flew for a month at Wright Paterson in Ohio. In Louisiana, Sparks overshot the runway in a blinding rainstorm while landing. His CO was annoyed and thus made him commanding officer of part of the 11th Bomber Squadron that was sent to Karachi India by boat.  \nSparks left Columbia, South Carolina on a boat, the Santa Paula, in May 1942 travelling around the horn of Africa to India. He was the Commanding Officer of the 11th Bomb Squadron ground echelon. He arrived in Karachi India in July 1942. He helped build a camp in an old Indian armored division while they waited for replacement airplanes to arrive for a couple of months. Finally, seven B-25 bombers arrived, and he flew one to China in October 1942 with co-pilot Jimmy Routt where he joined the China Air Task Force. This was the 11th Bomber Squadron air echelon, stationed in Kunming, China. He participated in a series of bombing raids in eastern China, Hong Kong, Kweilin docks, and Haiphong under General Chenault and Colonel Bayse. He flew 30 combat bombing missions in China until January 1943 when he was transferred to Karachi to serve as a test pilot, formation training officer, and engineering officer for crews arriving in India under Captain Bramwell. He was there until April 1943 when he was sent to Kurmitola, India by train across India to set up an advance refueling station close to Burma.  \nIn July of 1943, Sparks was sent to Raniket for 2 weeks to rest camp in the Himalayas. Upon his return, he joined the 13th Squadron of the Air Transport Command at Chabua, India to fly C-47s over the Hump from India to China for a month. He was then sent to Agra where he ferried B-25 bombers into China. In October of 1943, he flew transports from Chabua to Kunming. He also flew C-47s around India from Bangalore, Andal to Chabua via Calcutta, India. In February 1944, Sparks was promoted to Captain and ordered to come home. He came home via Khartoum on a C47, Accra Africa on a C87, to Natal Brazil on a C-46 and then to Miami. ","\nArriving back in the US, he went home to see his family, then out to California to see Melba to propose marriage, but then had to quickly return Berry field in Nashville, Tennessee.  In Nashville, TN, he had the job of interviewing incoming pilots from overseas and reporting their qualifications to Cincinnati headquarters of the ferrying division of the Air Transport Command. He quite enjoyed this and did his best to get them stationed in jobs that they wanted.  \nHe married Melba Joyce Gloeckler on May 27, 1944 in Porterville, Calif. No members of his family were present. He had to return immediately to Nashville while she stayed in Los Angeles, and he found a place for them to live. They survived the summer in Nashville by sleeping in the basement of their rental house until he was assigned to Long Beach California in the fall. They drove there by car. They rented an apartment near the ocean and enjoyed swimming and dancing during time off.  \nSparks went on a long trip ferrying a B-24 heavy bomber to Australia a short time after he had been in Long Beach. He was gone almost a month and felt very lonesome. He flew to Hawaii, Canton, New Caledonia, Suara, Indonesia, and Ipswich and Brisbane, Australia. He liked Brisbane but only had three days there. He then flew back in a C-54.  \nSparks was transferred to Stockton, CA in July 1945 (while his wife stayed on Long Beach). He flew C-47s in the Military Transport Division for four months, transporting war wounded to hospitals around the country. He obtained a commercial pilot's license in October 1945. In early 1946, his instrument rating indicated that he had logged over 1000 flying hours. However, in his journal, he indicated that he had over 2000 flying hours.  \nIn late February 1946, Sparks drove out to the airfield in Stockton, California and shot himself through the left nipple with his 45-caliber service pistol. This was around the 5th anniversary of his becoming a pilot. He slumped forward onto the car horn and a passing farmer heard it and put him in the back of a hay wagon and drove him to the hospital. He was transferred to Letterman General Hospital in San Francisco where he remained until June 1946. Sparks received a promotion to Major.  His wife, Melba, then took him to a hospital in Long Beach where he received several electroshock treatments for depression and was finally discharged from the hospital in December 1946.  \nIn September 1946 he had a leave from the hospital and Sparks and Melba travelled about 3000 miles by car to Yellowstone, Yosemite, Grants Park, and Sequoia National Parks over a period of three weeks. He said in his diary that: \"We had decided before I left the hospital, we could not in all fairness hold our marriage together.\" \"We remained the best of friends and I used to send Melba gifts and money whenever she needed it.\"  \nIn December of 1946, Sparks spent Christmas with the Sparks family in Tucson, and Miami. Melba was not with him. He returned to his old room in his parent's home in Tucson. Melba filed for and was granted a divorce on January 23, 1947 in Los Angeles. Sparks received an honorable discharge from the Army Air Corp with the rank of Major in February 1947. ","Sparks moved to Tucson and spent most of 1947 and 1948 taking several college courses. On February 4, 1949, he married Patricia H. Fitz. He originally met her in Tacoma in 1941 and then became reacquainted with her in 1948 when they both were living in Tucson Arizona.  Sparks returned to college full time on the GI Bill and obtained a BA in business administration.  \nThe Sparks had two daughters, Patricia Jo Sparks in 1950 and Terri Lee Sparks in 1955. The Sparks were married for 45 years. Patricia cared for Joe throughout his many years of illness and was the primary wage earner of the family. His two daughters attended college, helped in part by the GI bill. His oldest daughter, Patricia obtained an MD degree in 1975 and practiced medicine as a specialist for 30 years. Their youngest daughter, Terri, obtained a master's degree in education and worked as a primary school teacher until her retirement.  \nSparks continued to suffer from bipolar disorder, primarily major depression. After 1960, he could not maintain employment and his disability assessment by the Veterans Administration was increase to 100% service-connected disability. Sparks passed away in 1994 at the age of 78 of kidney failure due to lithium toxicity.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection relates to Captain Joe Gray Sparks who served as a pilot with the 11 Bomb Squadron in the Pacific Theater during World War II.  This collection includes a flash memory drive containing scanned copies of letters, documents, photographs, manuscript biography, newspaper articles, and artifacts that belonged to Sparks.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["19.0007","/repositories/10/resources/1447"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"collection_title_tesim":["Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"collection_ssim":["Joe Gray Sparks papers, 1915-1994, Date accessioned: 2019-04-24"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945--China"],"geogname_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--China"],"creator_ssm":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"creator_ssim":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"creators_ssim":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"places_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--China"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Pacific Ocean","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--China","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Burma","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--India","B-25 (Bomber)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Pacific Ocean","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--China","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Burma","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--India","B-25 (Bomber)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 folders"],"extent_tesim":["1 folders"],"date_range_isim":[1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access Note"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joe Gray Sparks was born May 9, 1915 in Douglas, AZ. His family lived in Tombstone, AZ until 1922 when they moved to Tucson, AZ. While in Tombstone, Sparks' father worked as a conductor on the El Paso Southwestern railroad. Tombstone had about 4000 people at that time. \nSparks started piano lessons in 1923 at age eight. He had lessons until age fifteen. For a short time, he went to school in Phoenix near where his aunt lived. However, he returned to Tucson.  He was invited two summers to a cattle ranch in Northern New Mexico where he had his own horse to ride and helped with the chores. At some point he changed schools and skipped a grade and had a hard time adjusting, missed his friends and did poorly in school. After two years, he graduated and entered Tucson High School in 1929.  \nWhile in high school, Sparks played the piano and participated in Boy Scouts. He worked in grocery stores and drug stores. He tried his own business selling Eskimo Pies to service stations and hospitals. He developed an interest in religion and read the Bible. He thought of becoming a minister.  \nSparks graduated from Tucson High School on May 26, 1933 at the age of eighteen. He wanted to join the army, but his sister persuaded him to do at least one year of college at University of Arizona, and he was admitted in 1933. He attended off and on for about six years.  \nFrom 1933 to 1939, while intermittently going to college, he had various jobs. He tutored the Arizona Boys Chorus from April 1-June 15th, 1933 to make up their school work while they were away on tour. He worked in the Santa Rita Mountains for a government soil erosion center typing reports, was secretary to a lawyer, taught typing at the Deaf and Blind School, worked for the Phantom Ranch in Colorado and the Circle Z Ranch near Patagonia, AZ.  \nIn May of 1938, he was appointed a Park Ranger at the North Rim of the Grand Canyon on the recommendation of Senator Carl Hayden who was a friend of his father's. This was a summer job. He hiked the Grand Canyon from rim to rim and took flights over the canyon with a friend. Those flights over the Canyon inspired Sparks' desire to become a pilot.  \nSparks joined the Army in September 1939. He received a letter of recommendation from the dean at University of Arizona to the Army Air Corp. The letter indicated that he had somewhat more than 2 years of college work at the University of Arizona with a scholarship record above average that included four semesters of military training. He was initially rejected from the Army Air Corp because he was underweight. In February of 1940, he joined the army as enlisted in Ft. Bliss, Texas.  At the time he entered the US Army in Ft. Bliss Texas as an enlisted man, he was employed as an assistant freight agent by the Southern Pacific Railroad which he found to be a dead-end job.  \nAfter a month at Ft. Bliss, Sparks was sent to Fort Ord, CA with the 3rd Infantry division (near Monterey) Another month later, he went to Moffat Field near Mountain View and Sunnyvale. He took leave to visit an Army Air Corp senior officer who recommended him for flying school as he had some college education.  \nSparks spent a total of six months as an enlisted man, then nine months as a flying cadet, one year as a 2nd Lieutenant, two years as a First Lieutenant, two years as a Captain and one year as a Major. Sparks had his primary flight training at Cal Aero in Glendale, California for three months, basic flight training at Randolph Field in Texas for 3 months, and then advanced flight training at Brooks Field in Texas for 3 months. He received his wings as a 2nd Lieutenant in February 8, of 1941. He was in the Army Air Corp Reserves at Kelly Field in San Antonio for a while.  \nIn February of 1941, Sparks was transferred to McChord Field in Washington and was there until May 1941. He was assigned to the 17th Bombardment Group and then the 12th Bombardment Group under Colonel Goodrich, and the 81st Squadron. When he first came to Tacoma in 1941, he met Patricia Fitz (to become his second wife). Sparks also spent some time in Spokane and Redding California (in December 1941) where he met Melba (who became his first wife). Pearl Harbor was bombed in early December and America entered WWII.  \nIn early 1942, Sparks transferred to Esler Field in the middle of Louisiana with the 81st Squadron until May of 1942.  He flew for a month at Wright Paterson in Ohio. In Louisiana, Sparks overshot the runway in a blinding rainstorm while landing. His CO was annoyed and thus made him commanding officer of part of the 11th Bomber Squadron that was sent to Karachi India by boat.  \nSparks left Columbia, South Carolina on a boat, the Santa Paula, in May 1942 travelling around the horn of Africa to India. He was the Commanding Officer of the 11th Bomb Squadron ground echelon. He arrived in Karachi India in July 1942. He helped build a camp in an old Indian armored division while they waited for replacement airplanes to arrive for a couple of months. Finally, seven B-25 bombers arrived, and he flew one to China in October 1942 with co-pilot Jimmy Routt where he joined the China Air Task Force. This was the 11th Bomber Squadron air echelon, stationed in Kunming, China. He participated in a series of bombing raids in eastern China, Hong Kong, Kweilin docks, and Haiphong under General Chenault and Colonel Bayse. He flew 30 combat bombing missions in China until January 1943 when he was transferred to Karachi to serve as a test pilot, formation training officer, and engineering officer for crews arriving in India under Captain Bramwell. He was there until April 1943 when he was sent to Kurmitola, India by train across India to set up an advance refueling station close to Burma.  \nIn July of 1943, Sparks was sent to Raniket for 2 weeks to rest camp in the Himalayas. Upon his return, he joined the 13th Squadron of the Air Transport Command at Chabua, India to fly C-47s over the Hump from India to China for a month. He was then sent to Agra where he ferried B-25 bombers into China. In October of 1943, he flew transports from Chabua to Kunming. He also flew C-47s around India from Bangalore, Andal to Chabua via Calcutta, India. In February 1944, Sparks was promoted to Captain and ordered to come home. He came home via Khartoum on a C47, Accra Africa on a C87, to Natal Brazil on a C-46 and then to Miami. ","\nArriving back in the US, he went home to see his family, then out to California to see Melba to propose marriage, but then had to quickly return Berry field in Nashville, Tennessee.  In Nashville, TN, he had the job of interviewing incoming pilots from overseas and reporting their qualifications to Cincinnati headquarters of the ferrying division of the Air Transport Command. He quite enjoyed this and did his best to get them stationed in jobs that they wanted.  \nHe married Melba Joyce Gloeckler on May 27, 1944 in Porterville, Calif. No members of his family were present. He had to return immediately to Nashville while she stayed in Los Angeles, and he found a place for them to live. They survived the summer in Nashville by sleeping in the basement of their rental house until he was assigned to Long Beach California in the fall. They drove there by car. They rented an apartment near the ocean and enjoyed swimming and dancing during time off.  \nSparks went on a long trip ferrying a B-24 heavy bomber to Australia a short time after he had been in Long Beach. He was gone almost a month and felt very lonesome. He flew to Hawaii, Canton, New Caledonia, Suara, Indonesia, and Ipswich and Brisbane, Australia. He liked Brisbane but only had three days there. He then flew back in a C-54.  \nSparks was transferred to Stockton, CA in July 1945 (while his wife stayed on Long Beach). He flew C-47s in the Military Transport Division for four months, transporting war wounded to hospitals around the country. He obtained a commercial pilot's license in October 1945. In early 1946, his instrument rating indicated that he had logged over 1000 flying hours. However, in his journal, he indicated that he had over 2000 flying hours.  \nIn late February 1946, Sparks drove out to the airfield in Stockton, California and shot himself through the left nipple with his 45-caliber service pistol. This was around the 5th anniversary of his becoming a pilot. He slumped forward onto the car horn and a passing farmer heard it and put him in the back of a hay wagon and drove him to the hospital. He was transferred to Letterman General Hospital in San Francisco where he remained until June 1946. Sparks received a promotion to Major.  His wife, Melba, then took him to a hospital in Long Beach where he received several electroshock treatments for depression and was finally discharged from the hospital in December 1946.  \nIn September 1946 he had a leave from the hospital and Sparks and Melba travelled about 3000 miles by car to Yellowstone, Yosemite, Grants Park, and Sequoia National Parks over a period of three weeks. He said in his diary that: \"We had decided before I left the hospital, we could not in all fairness hold our marriage together.\" \"We remained the best of friends and I used to send Melba gifts and money whenever she needed it.\"  \nIn December of 1946, Sparks spent Christmas with the Sparks family in Tucson, and Miami. Melba was not with him. He returned to his old room in his parent's home in Tucson. Melba filed for and was granted a divorce on January 23, 1947 in Los Angeles. Sparks received an honorable discharge from the Army Air Corp with the rank of Major in February 1947. ","Sparks moved to Tucson and spent most of 1947 and 1948 taking several college courses. On February 4, 1949, he married Patricia H. Fitz. He originally met her in Tacoma in 1941 and then became reacquainted with her in 1948 when they both were living in Tucson Arizona.  Sparks returned to college full time on the GI Bill and obtained a BA in business administration.  \nThe Sparks had two daughters, Patricia Jo Sparks in 1950 and Terri Lee Sparks in 1955. The Sparks were married for 45 years. Patricia cared for Joe throughout his many years of illness and was the primary wage earner of the family. His two daughters attended college, helped in part by the GI bill. His oldest daughter, Patricia obtained an MD degree in 1975 and practiced medicine as a specialist for 30 years. Their youngest daughter, Terri, obtained a master's degree in education and worked as a primary school teacher until her retirement.  \nSparks continued to suffer from bipolar disorder, primarily major depression. After 1960, he could not maintain employment and his disability assessment by the Veterans Administration was increase to 100% service-connected disability. Sparks passed away in 1994 at the age of 78 of kidney failure due to lithium toxicity."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Joe Gray Sparks papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_19_0007\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_19_0007\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Joe Gray Sparks papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_19_0007"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Captain Joe Gray Sparks who served as a pilot with the 11 Bomb Squadron in the Pacific Theater during World War II.  This collection includes a flash memory drive containing scanned copies of letters, documents, photographs, manuscript biography, newspaper articles, and artifacts that belonged to Sparks.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to Captain Joe Gray Sparks who served as a pilot with the 11 Bomb Squadron in the Pacific Theater during World War II.  This collection includes a flash memory drive containing scanned copies of letters, documents, photographs, manuscript biography, newspaper articles, and artifacts that belonged to Sparks."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use Note"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"persname_ssim":["Sparks, Joe Gray, 1915-1994","Sparks, Patricia J., Dr."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9","timestamp":"2026-07-10T04:33:57.267Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoe Gray Sparks was born May 9, 1915 in Douglas, AZ. His family lived in Tombstone, AZ until 1922 when they moved to Tucson, AZ. While in Tombstone, Sparks' father worked as a conductor on the El Paso Southwestern railroad. Tombstone had about 4000 people at that time.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks started piano lessons in 1923 at age eight. He had lessons until age fifteen. For a short time, he went to school in Phoenix near where his aunt lived. However, he returned to Tucson.  He was invited two summers to a cattle ranch in Northern New Mexico where he had his own horse to ride and helped with the chores. At some point he changed schools and skipped a grade and had a hard time adjusting, missed his friends and did poorly in school. After two years, he graduated and entered Tucson High School in 1929. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nWhile in high school, Sparks played the piano and participated in Boy Scouts. He worked in grocery stores and drug stores. He tried his own business selling Eskimo Pies to service stations and hospitals. He developed an interest in religion and read the Bible. He thought of becoming a minister. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks graduated from Tucson High School on May 26, 1933 at the age of eighteen. He wanted to join the army, but his sister persuaded him to do at least one year of college at University of Arizona, and he was admitted in 1933. He attended off and on for about six years. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nFrom 1933 to 1939, while intermittently going to college, he had various jobs. He tutored the Arizona Boys Chorus from April 1-June 15th, 1933 to make up their school work while they were away on tour. He worked in the Santa Rita Mountains for a government soil erosion center typing reports, was secretary to a lawyer, taught typing at the Deaf and Blind School, worked for the Phantom Ranch in Colorado and the Circle Z Ranch near Patagonia, AZ. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn May of 1938, he was appointed a Park Ranger at the North Rim of the Grand Canyon on the recommendation of Senator Carl Hayden who was a friend of his father's. This was a summer job. He hiked the Grand Canyon from rim to rim and took flights over the canyon with a friend. Those flights over the Canyon inspired Sparks' desire to become a pilot. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks joined the Army in September 1939. He received a letter of recommendation from the dean at University of Arizona to the Army Air Corp. The letter indicated that he had somewhat more than 2 years of college work at the University of Arizona with a scholarship record above average that included four semesters of military training. He was initially rejected from the Army Air Corp because he was underweight. In February of 1940, he joined the army as enlisted in Ft. Bliss, Texas.  At the time he entered the US Army in Ft. Bliss Texas as an enlisted man, he was employed as an assistant freight agent by the Southern Pacific Railroad which he found to be a dead-end job. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAfter a month at Ft. Bliss, Sparks was sent to Fort Ord, CA with the 3rd Infantry division (near Monterey) Another month later, he went to Moffat Field near Mountain View and Sunnyvale. He took leave to visit an Army Air Corp senior officer who recommended him for flying school as he had some college education. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks spent a total of six months as an enlisted man, then nine months as a flying cadet, one year as a 2nd Lieutenant, two years as a First Lieutenant, two years as a Captain and one year as a Major. Sparks had his primary flight training at Cal Aero in Glendale, California for three months, basic flight training at Randolph Field in Texas for 3 months, and then advanced flight training at Brooks Field in Texas for 3 months. He received his wings as a 2nd Lieutenant in February 8, of 1941. He was in the Army Air Corp Reserves at Kelly Field in San Antonio for a while. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn February of 1941, Sparks was transferred to McChord Field in Washington and was there until May 1941. He was assigned to the 17th Bombardment Group and then the 12th Bombardment Group under Colonel Goodrich, and the 81st Squadron. When he first came to Tacoma in 1941, he met Patricia Fitz (to become his second wife). Sparks also spent some time in Spokane and Redding California (in December 1941) where he met Melba (who became his first wife). Pearl Harbor was bombed in early December and America entered WWII. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn early 1942, Sparks transferred to Esler Field in the middle of Louisiana with the 81st Squadron until May of 1942.  He flew for a month at Wright Paterson in Ohio. In Louisiana, Sparks overshot the runway in a blinding rainstorm while landing. His CO was annoyed and thus made him commanding officer of part of the 11th Bomber Squadron that was sent to Karachi India by boat. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks left Columbia, South Carolina on a boat, the Santa Paula, in May 1942 travelling around the horn of Africa to India. He was the Commanding Officer of the 11th Bomb Squadron ground echelon. He arrived in Karachi India in July 1942. He helped build a camp in an old Indian armored division while they waited for replacement airplanes to arrive for a couple of months. Finally, seven B-25 bombers arrived, and he flew one to China in October 1942 with co-pilot Jimmy Routt where he joined the China Air Task Force. This was the 11th Bomber Squadron air echelon, stationed in Kunming, China. He participated in a series of bombing raids in eastern China, Hong Kong, Kweilin docks, and Haiphong under General Chenault and Colonel Bayse. He flew 30 combat bombing missions in China until January 1943 when he was transferred to Karachi to serve as a test pilot, formation training officer, and engineering officer for crews arriving in India under Captain Bramwell. He was there until April 1943 when he was sent to Kurmitola, India by train across India to set up an advance refueling station close to Burma. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn July of 1943, Sparks was sent to Raniket for 2 weeks to rest camp in the Himalayas. Upon his return, he joined the 13th Squadron of the Air Transport Command at Chabua, India to fly C-47s over the Hump from India to China for a month. He was then sent to Agra where he ferried B-25 bombers into China. In October of 1943, he flew transports from Chabua to Kunming. He also flew C-47s around India from Bangalore, Andal to Chabua via Calcutta, India. In February 1944, Sparks was promoted to Captain and ordered to come home. He came home via Khartoum on a C47, Accra Africa on a C87, to Natal Brazil on a C-46 and then to Miami. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nArriving back in the US, he went home to see his family, then out to California to see Melba to propose marriage, but then had to quickly return Berry field in Nashville, Tennessee.  In Nashville, TN, he had the job of interviewing incoming pilots from overseas and reporting their qualifications to Cincinnati headquarters of the ferrying division of the Air Transport Command. He quite enjoyed this and did his best to get them stationed in jobs that they wanted. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nHe married Melba Joyce Gloeckler on May 27, 1944 in Porterville, Calif. No members of his family were present. He had to return immediately to Nashville while she stayed in Los Angeles, and he found a place for them to live. They survived the summer in Nashville by sleeping in the basement of their rental house until he was assigned to Long Beach California in the fall. They drove there by car. They rented an apartment near the ocean and enjoyed swimming and dancing during time off. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks went on a long trip ferrying a B-24 heavy bomber to Australia a short time after he had been in Long Beach. He was gone almost a month and felt very lonesome. He flew to Hawaii, Canton, New Caledonia, Suara, Indonesia, and Ipswich and Brisbane, Australia. He liked Brisbane but only had three days there. He then flew back in a C-54. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks was transferred to Stockton, CA in July 1945 (while his wife stayed on Long Beach). He flew C-47s in the Military Transport Division for four months, transporting war wounded to hospitals around the country. He obtained a commercial pilot's license in October 1945. In early 1946, his instrument rating indicated that he had logged over 1000 flying hours. However, in his journal, he indicated that he had over 2000 flying hours. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn late February 1946, Sparks drove out to the airfield in Stockton, California and shot himself through the left nipple with his 45-caliber service pistol. This was around the 5th anniversary of his becoming a pilot. He slumped forward onto the car horn and a passing farmer heard it and put him in the back of a hay wagon and drove him to the hospital. He was transferred to Letterman General Hospital in San Francisco where he remained until June 1946. Sparks received a promotion to Major.  His wife, Melba, then took him to a hospital in Long Beach where he received several electroshock treatments for depression and was finally discharged from the hospital in December 1946. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn September 1946 he had a leave from the hospital and Sparks and Melba travelled about 3000 miles by car to Yellowstone, Yosemite, Grants Park, and Sequoia National Parks over a period of three weeks. He said in his diary that: \"We had decided before I left the hospital, we could not in all fairness hold our marriage together.\" \"We remained the best of friends and I used to send Melba gifts and money whenever she needed it.\" \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn December of 1946, Sparks spent Christmas with the Sparks family in Tucson, and Miami. Melba was not with him. He returned to his old room in his parent's home in Tucson. Melba filed for and was granted a divorce on January 23, 1947 in Los Angeles. Sparks received an honorable discharge from the Army Air Corp with the rank of Major in February 1947. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSparks moved to Tucson and spent most of 1947 and 1948 taking several college courses. On February 4, 1949, he married Patricia H. Fitz. He originally met her in Tacoma in 1941 and then became reacquainted with her in 1948 when they both were living in Tucson Arizona.  Sparks returned to college full time on the GI Bill and obtained a BA in business administration. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThe Sparks had two daughters, Patricia Jo Sparks in 1950 and Terri Lee Sparks in 1955. The Sparks were married for 45 years. Patricia cared for Joe throughout his many years of illness and was the primary wage earner of the family. His two daughters attended college, helped in part by the GI bill. His oldest daughter, Patricia obtained an MD degree in 1975 and practiced medicine as a specialist for 30 years. Their youngest daughter, Terri, obtained a master's degree in education and worked as a primary school teacher until her retirement. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSparks continued to suffer from bipolar disorder, primarily major depression. After 1960, he could not maintain employment and his disability assessment by the Veterans Administration was increase to 100% service-connected disability. Sparks passed away in 1994 at the age of 78 of kidney failure due to lithium toxicity.\u003c/p\u003e"]}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8c0631e88ab1e440f75cf9e9"}},{"id":"3232c27cb5756431732dd4dd","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Joe Merman Sheet Music Collection, 1909-1999","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/3232c27cb5756431732dd4dd#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eJoe Merman was a composer, pianist, orchestrator, and arranger of popular Jewish and American music. The Joe Merman Music Collection includes 1000 pieces of sheet music; all scores are unpublished, single-copy manuscripts and represent his diverse talent in writing different combinations of big band charts and pieces for theatre and radio orchestras. The collections also includes two scrap books that contain numerous images, pamphlets, newspaper clippings, and correspondence spanning across Joe Merman\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/3232c27cb5756431732dd4dd#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"3232c27cb5756431732dd4dd","title_ssm":["Joe Merman Sheet Music Collection"],"title_tesim":["Joe Merman Sheet Music Collection"],"ead_ssi":"3232c27cb5756431732dd4dd","unitdate_ssm":["1909-1999"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1909-1999"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["PMC00012","/repositories/2/resources/98"],"text":["PMC00012","/repositories/2/resources/98","Joe Merman Sheet Music Collection, 1909-1999","Collections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment. Photocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library.","Alphabetical by score name","Joe Merman was a composer, pianist, orchestrator, and arranger of popular Jewish and American music. The Joe Merman Music Collection includes 1000 pieces of sheet music; all scores are unpublished, single-copy manuscripts and represent his diverse talent in writing different combinations of big band charts and pieces for theatre and radio orchestras. The collections also includes two scrap books that contain numerous images, pamphlets, newspaper clippings, and correspondence spanning across Joe Merman","Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement.","When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder.","Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections.","Florida Atlantic University Libraries","English"],"unitid_tesim":["PMC00012","/repositories/2/resources/98"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1909-1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joe Merman Sheet Music Collection, 1909-1999"],"collection_title_tesim":["Joe Merman Sheet Music Collection, 1909-1999"],"collection_ssim":["Joe Merman Sheet Music Collection, 1909-1999"],"repository_ssm":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"repository_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement.","When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder.","Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.50 Linear Feet","41 boxes other_unmapped"],"extent_tesim":["8.50 Linear Feet","41 boxes other_unmapped"],"date_range_isim":[1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment. Photocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment. Photocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlphabetical by score name\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["Alphabetical by score name"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection Title including series, if any; Box and item number; Special Collections; Florida Atlantic University Libraries, Boca Raton, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Collection Title including series, if any; Box and item number; Special Collections; Florida Atlantic University Libraries, Boca Raton, Florida."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoe Merman was a composer, pianist, orchestrator, and arranger of popular Jewish and American music. The Joe Merman Music Collection includes 1000 pieces of sheet music; all scores are unpublished, single-copy manuscripts and represent his diverse talent in writing different combinations of big band charts and pieces for theatre and radio orchestras. The collections also includes two scrap books that contain numerous images, pamphlets, newspaper clippings, and correspondence spanning across Joe Merman\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Joe Merman was a composer, pianist, orchestrator, and arranger of popular Jewish and American music. The Joe Merman Music Collection includes 1000 pieces of sheet music; all scores are unpublished, single-copy manuscripts and represent his diverse talent in writing different combinations of big band charts and pieces for theatre and radio orchestras. The collections also includes two scrap books that contain numerous images, pamphlets, newspaper clippings, and correspondence spanning across Joe Merman"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhen using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShould the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement.","When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder.","Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections."],"names_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"corpname_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2109,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"3232c27cb5756431732dd4dd","timestamp":"2026-04-21T17:58:43.015Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"3232c27cb5756431732dd4dd","title_ssm":["Joe Merman Sheet Music Collection"],"title_tesim":["Joe Merman Sheet Music Collection"],"ead_ssi":"3232c27cb5756431732dd4dd","unitdate_ssm":["1909-1999"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1909-1999"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["PMC00012","/repositories/2/resources/98"],"text":["PMC00012","/repositories/2/resources/98","Joe Merman Sheet Music Collection, 1909-1999","Collections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment. Photocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library.","Alphabetical by score name","Joe Merman was a composer, pianist, orchestrator, and arranger of popular Jewish and American music. The Joe Merman Music Collection includes 1000 pieces of sheet music; all scores are unpublished, single-copy manuscripts and represent his diverse talent in writing different combinations of big band charts and pieces for theatre and radio orchestras. The collections also includes two scrap books that contain numerous images, pamphlets, newspaper clippings, and correspondence spanning across Joe Merman","Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement.","When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder.","Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections.","Florida Atlantic University Libraries","English"],"unitid_tesim":["PMC00012","/repositories/2/resources/98"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1909-1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joe Merman Sheet Music Collection, 1909-1999"],"collection_title_tesim":["Joe Merman Sheet Music Collection, 1909-1999"],"collection_ssim":["Joe Merman Sheet Music Collection, 1909-1999"],"repository_ssm":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"repository_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement.","When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder.","Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.50 Linear Feet","41 boxes other_unmapped"],"extent_tesim":["8.50 Linear Feet","41 boxes other_unmapped"],"date_range_isim":[1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment. Photocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collections are available for supervised use in the Special Collections reading room during regular hours or by appointment. Users are required to complete a registration form and to comply with regulations governing use. Research assistance may be available but please email or phone first to set up an appointment. Photocopies or electronic copies of material in the collections may be provided within copyright limits but may not be ready immediately. In addition, selected materials are digitized and available electronically through the Digital Library."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlphabetical by score name\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["Alphabetical by score name"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection Title including series, if any; Box and item number; Special Collections; Florida Atlantic University Libraries, Boca Raton, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Collection Title including series, if any; Box and item number; Special Collections; Florida Atlantic University Libraries, Boca Raton, Florida."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoe Merman was a composer, pianist, orchestrator, and arranger of popular Jewish and American music. The Joe Merman Music Collection includes 1000 pieces of sheet music; all scores are unpublished, single-copy manuscripts and represent his diverse talent in writing different combinations of big band charts and pieces for theatre and radio orchestras. The collections also includes two scrap books that contain numerous images, pamphlets, newspaper clippings, and correspondence spanning across Joe Merman\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Joe Merman was a composer, pianist, orchestrator, and arranger of popular Jewish and American music. The Joe Merman Music Collection includes 1000 pieces of sheet music; all scores are unpublished, single-copy manuscripts and represent his diverse talent in writing different combinations of big band charts and pieces for theatre and radio orchestras. The collections also includes two scrap books that contain numerous images, pamphlets, newspaper clippings, and correspondence spanning across Joe Merman"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhen using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShould the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in the collections are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accord with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). FAU Libraries adhere to all conditions specified in the law when providing reproductions of copyrighted material. Any subsequent use of a reproduction in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement.","When using electronic copies or images, please keep in mind that copyright law applies. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission from the rights holder when copying material in excess of fair use. Restriction in the copying of materials may be imposed if the researcher does not have written permission from the rights holder.","Should the researcher use or reproduce special collections material when submitting or publishing his or her own writing or research, the author should credit Florida Atlantic University Libraries Special Collections. If research at FAU Special Collections results in publication, we would appreciate citation information that would allow us to reference that work to future researchers. Also, If the researcher desires to reuse material for commercial use, please contact Special Collections."],"names_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"corpname_ssim":["Florida Atlantic University Libraries"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2109,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"3232c27cb5756431732dd4dd","timestamp":"2026-04-21T17:58:43.015Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/3232c27cb5756431732dd4dd"}},{"id":"a6e7afb9e5b1bb5db9fa84c9","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"John Albright Collection on Paul Dirac, 1912-1990","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/a6e7afb9e5b1bb5db9fa84c9#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Albright, John"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/a6e7afb9e5b1bb5db9fa84c9#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials collected and created by John Albright in researching the biography of Paul Dirac, including correspondence, photographs, monographs, scholarly publications, and a 1988 draft of Albright's biography of Dirac.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/a6e7afb9e5b1bb5db9fa84c9#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"a6e7afb9e5b1bb5db9fa84c9","title_ssm":["John Albright Collection on Paul Dirac"],"title_tesim":["John Albright Collection on Paul Dirac"],"ead_ssi":"a6e7afb9e5b1bb5db9fa84c9","unitdate_ssm":["1912-1990"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1912-1990"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 2022-007","/repositories/10/resources/2331"],"text":["MSS 2022-007","/repositories/10/resources/2331","John Albright Collection on Paul Dirac, 1912-1990","This collection is open to all researchers.","This collection is in an offsite storage location. 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Savard papers, 1919-1985, Date acquired: 04/07/1998, Date accessioned: 2017-06-21, bulk 1943-1945","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/74e6f962cb9971de0fd9091e#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Savard, John B. (1925-1999)"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/74e6f962cb9971de0fd9091e#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection primarily consists of the letters of John B. Savard, an American soldier who fought in World War II and saw action at the Normandy landings, the Battle for Brest, and the D-Day Landings. Most of the material consists of letters to and from his parents, though letters from other soldiers are included. In addition to letters, this collection contains Savard's sketches, a poem he wrote detailing his reaction to the Battle of the Bulge, a manuscript of his autobiography detailing his life from birth to his time as a US Postal Worker and several photographs taken during the Second World War.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/74e6f962cb9971de0fd9091e#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"74e6f962cb9971de0fd9091e","title_ssm":["John B. Savard papers"],"title_tesim":["John B. Savard papers"],"ead_ssi":"74e6f962cb9971de0fd9091e","unitdate_ssm":["1919-1985","1943-1945","Date acquired: 04/07/1998","Date accessioned: 2017-06-21"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1943-1945"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1919-1985"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 04/07/1998","Date accessioned: 2017-06-21"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["98.0015","/repositories/10/resources/1155"],"text":["98.0015","/repositories/10/resources/1155","John B. Savard papers, 1919-1985, Date acquired: 04/07/1998, Date accessioned: 2017-06-21, bulk 1943-1945","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Western Front","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--France--Normandy","United States. Army--History--World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1939-1945--Netherlands","Ardennes, Battle of the, 1944-1945","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--France","Postal service -- United States","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Belgium","World War, 1939-1945--Hospitals--Western Front","World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American","This collection is open to all researchers.","Born in Minnesota, John B. Savard entered the U.S. Army in 1943 where he trained at Camp Wolters. His first military campaign was the D-Day landings, where he was injured. After convalescing, Savard rejoined his unit where he participated in the Battle for Brest and then at the Battle of the Bulge. Savard suffered frostbite during the Battle of the Bulge and spent the remainder of the war recovering. After returning to the United States he worked for the US Postal Service in St. Paul, Minnesota, and produced a number of short written works about his time in the army including poetry and autobiographical material. Savard passed away in 1999.","Creator gave directly to the Institute for World War II and Society.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","Revised 6/24/2017\tEntered 6/22/2017","This collection primarily consists of the letters of John B. Savard, an American soldier who fought in World War II and saw action at the Normandy landings, the Battle for Brest, and the D-Day Landings. Most of the material consists of letters to and from his parents, though letters from other soldiers are included. 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