{"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1914\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=8","prev":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1914\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=7","next":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1914\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=9","last":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1914\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=34"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":8,"next_page":9,"prev_page":7,"total_pages":34,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":70,"total_count":336,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_32b5a863d01eaba61c45dbde68c30b12","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Dubois, W.E.B, 1910-1956","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_32b5a863d01eaba61c45dbde68c30b12#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_32b5a863d01eaba61c45dbde68c30b12","ref_ssm":["aspace_32b5a863d01eaba61c45dbde68c30b12","aspace_32b5a863d01eaba61c45dbde68c30b12"],"id":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_32b5a863d01eaba61c45dbde68c30b12","title_filing_ssi":"Dubois, W.E.B","title_ssm":["Dubois, W.E.B"],"title_tesim":["Dubois, W.E.B"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1910-1956"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1910-1956"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dubois, W.E.B, 1910-1956"],"text":["Dubois, W.E.B, 1910-1956","Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006","Writings by others","/repositories/2/archival_objects/29250","box 52","folder 4"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_60421e776c845bf7cd0dc7e916c56d99"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006","Writings by others"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006","Writings by others"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/2/archival_objects/29250"],"repository_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":1233,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection is open for research."],"date_range_isim":[1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956],"containers_ssim":["box 52","folder 4"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#382","_nest_parent_":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_60421e776c845bf7cd0dc7e916c56d99","_root_":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","timestamp":"2026-04-21T02:08:51.248Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","title_filing_ssi":"Sudarkasa, Niara Collection","title_ssm":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection"],"title_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection"],"ead_ssi":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","unitdate_ssm":["1934-2006"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1934-2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["AARLCC.2006.4","/repositories/2/resources/51"],"text":["AARLCC.2006.4","/repositories/2/resources/51","Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006","Bahamian Americans","Correspondence","Photographs","plaques (flat objects)","Periodicals","The Niara Sudarkasa Collection is open for research.","View a selection of digitized materials from the Niara Sudarkasa Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives.","Niara Sudarkasa, born Gloria Albertha Marshall to a Bahamian immigrant family on August 14, 1938, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, demonstrated exceptional academic promise from an early age. She graduated from Dillard High School at just 14 years old and, at 15, entered Fisk University on a Ford Foundation scholarship to study English. Her intellectual journey deepened at Oberlin College, where exposure to courses on the African diaspora inspired her to change her major to Sociology-Anthropology, earning her bachelor's degree in 1957.","Gloria enrolled at Columbia University in New York, where she pursued graduate studies in Anthropology. She earned both her Master's (1959) and Ph.D. degrees in (1964), becoming the first African American woman to teach at Columbia University. Following the completion of her doctorate, Dr. Sudarkasa was appointed assistant professor of anthropology at New York University (1970-1976), again marking a historic first for an African American woman. ","Gloria Albertha Marshall adopted the name Niara Sudarkasa to reflect her evolving identity as a cultural bridge between African Americans and continental Africans. Her name change marked a deepening commitment to diasporic connection and cultural reclamation.\nAt the University of Michigan, Dr. Sudarkasa continued to break barriers, becoming the first African American faculty member in the Department of Anthropology. From 1978 to 1981, she served as Associate Director of the Center for Afro-American and African Studies, advancing scholarship and institutional support for African diaspora research.","In 1986, she became the first female president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania, a role she held until 1998. Her scholarship increasingly centered on the lives of women in West Africa and the enduring strength of the Black family. Her work in Nigeria earned her recognition from the royal court: in 2001, His Royal Majesty Aláyélúwà Ọba Ọkúnadé Sijuwade Olúbùsẹ II of the Royal Court of Ifẹ́ conferred upon her the chieftaincy title Yèyé Olókun Ìgbàdérò. She was the first African American to receive this honor from the Ifẹ́ Kingdom.","Following her retirement from higher education, Dr. Sudarkasa returned to her hometown of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where she became the first scholar-in-residence at the newly opened African American Research Library and Cultural Center in 2002.\nDr. Sudarkasa was married to John L. Clark and was the mother of Michael Sudarkasa. She passed away on May 31, 2019, at the age of 80, leaving behind a legacy of scholarship, leadership, and cultural stewardship.","The Niara Sudarkasa Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection. ","Parts of the collection have received file level processing. From January 2022 to May 2024, FIU interns, Emmanuel George, and Dominique St. Victor processed \"Series I. Correspondence\" and \"Series III. Professional Papers, Sub-series 1. Writings by Niara Sudarkasa and Sub-series 2. Writings by Others\" as part of the WPHL-FIU Community Data Curation grant.","The Niara Sudarkasa Collection documents the career of anthropologist, Africanist, professor, and university president Dr. Niara Sudarkasa. The collection contains correspondence, scholarly writings, publications, research files, audio visual materials, awards, and business papers dating from 1934 to 2006. The collection also includes Dr. Sudarka's personal library of more than 2,500 books, journals, and pamphlets. The collection highlights Dr. Sudarkasa's professional achievements including becoming the first woman president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania and first Black faculty member of the Anthropology Department at the University of Michigan. Her papers are a unique resource on Yoruba language and culture, ethnic groups in higher education, and the Black Power Movement in the United States. They also document her work to strengthen international programs at Lincoln and the University of Michigan.","Books from this collection were cataloged in the Broward County Library catalog with the prefix \"SUD\".","AARLCC Special Collections","University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)","Sudarkasa, Niara","English"],"unitid_tesim":["AARLCC.2006.4","/repositories/2/resources/51"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1934-2006"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006"],"collection_title_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006"],"collection_ssim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, 1934-2006"],"repository_ssm":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"creator_ssim":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"creators_ssim":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Dr. Niara Sudarkasa donated the materials to the AARLCC Special Collections on October 17, 2006 (Accession AARLCC-2006.4)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Bahamian Americans","Correspondence","Photographs","plaques (flat objects)","Periodicals"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Bahamian Americans","Correspondence","Photographs","plaques (flat objects)","Periodicals"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["400 Hollinger Boxes","410 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["400 Hollinger Boxes","410 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Photographs","plaques (flat objects)","Periodicals"],"date_range_isim":[1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Niara Sudarkasa Collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://digitalarchives.broward.org/digital/collection/nsb\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eView a selection of digitized materials from the Niara Sudarkasa Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Digitized Materials"],"altformavail_tesim":["View a selection of digitized materials from the Niara Sudarkasa Collection in the Broward County Library Digital Archives."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNiara Sudarkasa, born Gloria Albertha Marshall to a Bahamian immigrant family on August 14, 1938, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, demonstrated exceptional academic promise from an early age. She graduated from Dillard High School at just 14 years old and, at 15, entered Fisk University on a Ford Foundation scholarship to study English. Her intellectual journey deepened at Oberlin College, where exposure to courses on the African diaspora inspired her to change her major to Sociology-Anthropology, earning her bachelor's degree in 1957.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGloria enrolled at Columbia University in New York, where she pursued graduate studies in Anthropology. She earned both her Master's (1959) and Ph.D. degrees in (1964), becoming the first African American woman to teach at Columbia University. Following the completion of her doctorate, Dr. Sudarkasa was appointed assistant professor of anthropology at New York University (1970-1976), again marking a historic first for an African American woman. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGloria Albertha Marshall adopted the name Niara Sudarkasa to reflect her evolving identity as a cultural bridge between African Americans and continental Africans. Her name change marked a deepening commitment to diasporic connection and cultural reclamation.\nAt the University of Michigan, Dr. Sudarkasa continued to break barriers, becoming the first African American faculty member in the Department of Anthropology. From 1978 to 1981, she served as Associate Director of the Center for Afro-American and African Studies, advancing scholarship and institutional support for African diaspora research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1986, she became the first female president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania, a role she held until 1998. Her scholarship increasingly centered on the lives of women in West Africa and the enduring strength of the Black family. Her work in Nigeria earned her recognition from the royal court: in 2001, His Royal Majesty Al\u0026#xE1;y\u0026#xE9;l\u0026#xFA;w\u0026#xE0; \u0026#x1ECC;ba \u0026#x1ECC;k\u0026#xFA;nad\u0026#xE9; Sijuwade Ol\u0026#xFA;b\u0026#xF9;s\u0026#x1EB9; II of the Royal Court of If\u0026#x1EB9;\u0026#x301; conferred upon her the chieftaincy title Y\u0026#xE8;y\u0026#xE9; Ol\u0026#xF3;kun \u0026#xCC;gb\u0026#xE0;d\u0026#xE9;r\u0026#xF2;. She was the first African American to receive this honor from the If\u0026#x1EB9;\u0026#x301; Kingdom.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFollowing her retirement from higher education, Dr. Sudarkasa returned to her hometown of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where she became the first scholar-in-residence at the newly opened African American Research Library and Cultural Center in 2002.\nDr. Sudarkasa was married to John L. Clark and was the mother of Michael Sudarkasa. She passed away on May 31, 2019, at the age of 80, leaving behind a legacy of scholarship, leadership, and cultural stewardship.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa, born Gloria Albertha Marshall to a Bahamian immigrant family on August 14, 1938, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, demonstrated exceptional academic promise from an early age. She graduated from Dillard High School at just 14 years old and, at 15, entered Fisk University on a Ford Foundation scholarship to study English. Her intellectual journey deepened at Oberlin College, where exposure to courses on the African diaspora inspired her to change her major to Sociology-Anthropology, earning her bachelor's degree in 1957.","Gloria enrolled at Columbia University in New York, where she pursued graduate studies in Anthropology. She earned both her Master's (1959) and Ph.D. degrees in (1964), becoming the first African American woman to teach at Columbia University. Following the completion of her doctorate, Dr. Sudarkasa was appointed assistant professor of anthropology at New York University (1970-1976), again marking a historic first for an African American woman. ","Gloria Albertha Marshall adopted the name Niara Sudarkasa to reflect her evolving identity as a cultural bridge between African Americans and continental Africans. Her name change marked a deepening commitment to diasporic connection and cultural reclamation.\nAt the University of Michigan, Dr. Sudarkasa continued to break barriers, becoming the first African American faculty member in the Department of Anthropology. From 1978 to 1981, she served as Associate Director of the Center for Afro-American and African Studies, advancing scholarship and institutional support for African diaspora research.","In 1986, she became the first female president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania, a role she held until 1998. Her scholarship increasingly centered on the lives of women in West Africa and the enduring strength of the Black family. Her work in Nigeria earned her recognition from the royal court: in 2001, His Royal Majesty Aláyélúwà Ọba Ọkúnadé Sijuwade Olúbùsẹ II of the Royal Court of Ifẹ́ conferred upon her the chieftaincy title Yèyé Olókun Ìgbàdérò. She was the first African American to receive this honor from the Ifẹ́ Kingdom.","Following her retirement from higher education, Dr. Sudarkasa returned to her hometown of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where she became the first scholar-in-residence at the newly opened African American Research Library and Cultural Center in 2002.\nDr. Sudarkasa was married to John L. Clark and was the mother of Michael Sudarkasa. She passed away on May 31, 2019, at the age of 80, leaving behind a legacy of scholarship, leadership, and cultural stewardship."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNiara Sudarkasa Collection, African American Research Library and Cultural Center Special Collections, Broward County Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Niara Sudarkasa Collection, African American Research Library and Cultural Center Special Collections, Broward County Library."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Niara Sudarkasa Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParts of the collection have received file level processing. From January 2022 to May 2024, FIU interns, Emmanuel George, and Dominique St. Victor processed \"Series I. Correspondence\" and \"Series III. Professional Papers, Sub-series 1. Writings by Niara Sudarkasa and Sub-series 2. Writings by Others\" as part of the WPHL-FIU Community Data Curation grant.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions as well as acquisitions to the collection. ","Parts of the collection have received file level processing. From January 2022 to May 2024, FIU interns, Emmanuel George, and Dominique St. Victor processed \"Series I. Correspondence\" and \"Series III. Professional Papers, Sub-series 1. Writings by Niara Sudarkasa and Sub-series 2. Writings by Others\" as part of the WPHL-FIU Community Data Curation grant."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Niara Sudarkasa Collection documents the career of anthropologist, Africanist, professor, and university president Dr. Niara Sudarkasa. The collection contains correspondence, scholarly writings, publications, research files, audio visual materials, awards, and business papers dating from 1934 to 2006. The collection also includes Dr. Sudarka's personal library of more than 2,500 books, journals, and pamphlets. The collection highlights Dr. Sudarkasa's professional achievements including becoming the first woman president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania and first Black faculty member of the Anthropology Department at the University of Michigan. Her papers are a unique resource on Yoruba language and culture, ethnic groups in higher education, and the Black Power Movement in the United States. They also document her work to strengthen international programs at Lincoln and the University of Michigan.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Niara Sudarkasa Collection documents the career of anthropologist, Africanist, professor, and university president Dr. Niara Sudarkasa. The collection contains correspondence, scholarly writings, publications, research files, audio visual materials, awards, and business papers dating from 1934 to 2006. The collection also includes Dr. Sudarka's personal library of more than 2,500 books, journals, and pamphlets. The collection highlights Dr. Sudarkasa's professional achievements including becoming the first woman president of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania and first Black faculty member of the Anthropology Department at the University of Michigan. Her papers are a unique resource on Yoruba language and culture, ethnic groups in higher education, and the Black Power Movement in the United States. They also document her work to strengthen international programs at Lincoln and the University of Michigan."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://broward.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/search/results?qu=SUD\u0026amp;qf=LOCATION%09Shelf+Location%091%3AAF-SPC%09AARLCC+Special+Collections\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBooks from this collection were cataloged in the Broward County Library catalog with the prefix \"SUD\".\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Access the Books"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Books from this collection were cataloged in the Broward County Library catalog with the prefix \"SUD\"."],"names_coll_ssim":["University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)"],"names_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections","University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)","Sudarkasa, Niara"],"corpname_ssim":["AARLCC Special Collections","University of Michigan. Department of Anthropology","Lincoln University (Pa.)"],"persname_ssim":["Sudarkasa, Niara"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2760,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62","timestamp":"2026-04-21T02:08:51.248Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5c664f35ba84cce3023f6a62_aspace_32b5a863d01eaba61c45dbde68c30b12"}},{"id":"25ebf6b3b78961e2986ca117_aspace_5f1972044c2b37b777fb6b0f082e7c75","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Elections—Pinellas County—1914, Wet vs. Dry issue, 1914","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/25ebf6b3b78961e2986ca117_aspace_5f1972044c2b37b777fb6b0f082e7c75#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_5f1972044c2b37b777fb6b0f082e7c75","ref_ssm":["aspace_5f1972044c2b37b777fb6b0f082e7c75","aspace_5f1972044c2b37b777fb6b0f082e7c75"],"id":"25ebf6b3b78961e2986ca117_aspace_5f1972044c2b37b777fb6b0f082e7c75","title_filing_ssi":"Elections—Pinellas County—1914, Wet vs. Dry issue","title_ssm":["Elections—Pinellas County—1914, Wet vs. Dry issue"],"title_tesim":["Elections—Pinellas County—1914, Wet vs. Dry issue"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1914"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1914"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Elections—Pinellas County—1914, Wet vs. Dry issue, 1914"],"text":["Elections—Pinellas County—1914, Wet vs. Dry issue, 1914","Raymond O. Arsenault collection, bulk 1880-2001","/repositories/3/archival_objects/205680","box 6","folder 74"],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["25ebf6b3b78961e2986ca117"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Raymond O. Arsenault collection, bulk 1880-2001"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Raymond O. Arsenault collection, bulk 1880-2001"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/3/archival_objects/205680"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Raymond O. Arsenault collection, bulk 1880-2001"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":77,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"date_range_isim":[1914],"containers_ssim":["box 6","folder 74"],"_nest_path_":"/components#76","_nest_parent_":"25ebf6b3b78961e2986ca117","_root_":"25ebf6b3b78961e2986ca117","_version_":1870861480115568640,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:02:23.136Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"25ebf6b3b78961e2986ca117","title_ssm":["Raymond O. Arsenault collection"],"title_tesim":["Raymond O. Arsenault collection"],"ead_ssi":"25ebf6b3b78961e2986ca117","unitdate_ssm":["1880-2001"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1880-2001"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SP-MS-1998-001","/repositories/3/resources/698"],"text":["SP-MS-1998-001","/repositories/3/resources/698","Raymond O. Arsenault collection, bulk 1880-2001","St. Petersburg (Fla.) ","Clippings (Books, newspapers, etc.)","St. Petersburg Times (St. Petersburg, Fla.)","Florida—Race relations.","Civil rights movements -- United States -- History -- 20th century","Civil rights -- Florida","African Americans -- Civil Rights -- Florida","Raymond O. Arsenault serves as the John Hope Franklin Professor of Southern History and Director of the University Honors Program at the University of South Florida (USF), St. Petersburg. A member of the USF faculty since 1980, he specializes in the social, political, and environmental history and historiography of the American South, though\nhis teaching and research interests cover nearly all areas of American history, culture, and civilization. ","A native of Hyannis, Massachusetts, he also lived in Virginia, Maryland, and Florida (the Pensacola, Jacksonville, and Amelia Island areas) before attending college. He completed his undergraduate education at Princeton (B.A., 1969) and finished his doctorate at Brandeis (Ph.D., 1981). In addition to his teaching and research at USF, he has also taught at the University of Minnesota, Brandeis University, and in France at the Universite d'Angers, where he served as a Fullbright Lecturer in 1984-1985. Author of two prize-winning books, The Wild Ass of the Ozarks: Jeff Davis and the Social Bases of Southern Politics and St. Petersburg and the Florida Dream. 1888-1950, Arsenault has also written numerous articles in scholarly journals. He and Gary Mormino, USF Professor of History, have collaborated as co-editors for the \"Florida History and Culture\" series of monographs published by the University Press of Florida. He regularly lectures at conferences and professional meetings, and has appeared on ABC's Nightline, National Public Radio, and ABC Nightly News.","A lifelong supporter of civil rights and social justice, Arsenault has also taken leadership roles with organizations such as the American Civil Liberties Union, where he has served as a member of the Board of Directors for the Pinellas County Chapter since 1981, as Chapter President (1985-1997), and later as President of the state ACLU in 1998. ","Items fall within three distinct series: Pre-2001 acquisitions, 2001 Acquisitions,and 2004 Acquisitions. Research files, clippings, memoranda, audiotape recordings, public records, photographs, and ephemera consist the bulk of collection from the 1880s (photocopied newspaper articles) through 2001. Content consists of materials related to the history of St. Petersburg including African American history and civil rights.","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.","Collection consists of USF St. Petersburg professor Raymond O. Asenault's research materials on the history of St. Petersbrug and Florida.","USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives","Arsenault, Raymond","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SP-MS-1998-001","/repositories/3/resources/698"],"normalized_date_ssm":["bulk 1880-2001"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Raymond O. Arsenault collection, bulk 1880-2001"],"collection_title_tesim":["Raymond O. Arsenault collection, bulk 1880-2001"],"collection_ssim":["Raymond O. Arsenault collection, bulk 1880-2001"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["St. Petersburg (Fla.) "],"geogname_ssim":["St. Petersburg (Fla.) "],"creator_ssm":["Arsenault, Raymond"],"creator_ssim":["Arsenault, Raymond"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Arsenault, Raymond"],"creators_ssim":["Arsenault, Raymond"],"places_ssim":["St. Petersburg (Fla.) "],"access_terms_ssm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["In the summer of 1998, Arsenault donated some of his research files and miscellaneous materials to the Nelson Poynter Memorial Library. In 2001 and again in 2004, he sent additional materials for preservation as part of this collection. Revisions of this finding aid will occur as the Special Collections department receives future accessions."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Clippings (Books, newspapers, etc.)","St. Petersburg Times (St. Petersburg, Fla.)","Florida—Race relations.","Civil rights movements -- United States -- History -- 20th century","Civil rights -- Florida","African Americans -- Civil Rights -- Florida"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Clippings (Books, newspapers, etc.)","St. Petersburg Times (St. Petersburg, Fla.)","Florida—Race relations.","Civil rights movements -- United States -- History -- 20th century","Civil rights -- Florida","African Americans -- Civil Rights -- Florida"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["9 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRaymond O. Arsenault serves as the John Hope Franklin Professor of Southern History and Director of the University Honors Program at the University of South Florida (USF), St. Petersburg. A member of the USF faculty since 1980, he specializes in the social, political, and environmental history and historiography of the American South, though\nhis teaching and research interests cover nearly all areas of American history, culture, and civilization. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA native of Hyannis, Massachusetts, he also lived in Virginia, Maryland, and Florida (the Pensacola, Jacksonville, and Amelia Island areas) before attending college. He completed his undergraduate education at Princeton (B.A., 1969) and finished his doctorate at Brandeis (Ph.D., 1981). In addition to his teaching and research at USF, he has also taught at the University of Minnesota, Brandeis University, and in France at the Universite d'Angers, where he served as a Fullbright Lecturer in 1984-1985. Author of two prize-winning books, The Wild Ass of the Ozarks: Jeff Davis and the Social Bases of Southern Politics and St. Petersburg and the Florida Dream. 1888-1950, Arsenault has also written numerous articles in scholarly journals. He and Gary Mormino, USF Professor of History, have collaborated as co-editors for the \"Florida History and Culture\" series of monographs published by the University Press of Florida. He regularly lectures at conferences and professional meetings, and has appeared on ABC's Nightline, National Public Radio, and ABC Nightly News.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA lifelong supporter of civil rights and social justice, Arsenault has also taken leadership roles with organizations such as the American Civil Liberties Union, where he has served as a member of the Board of Directors for the Pinellas County Chapter since 1981, as Chapter President (1985-1997), and later as President of the state ACLU in 1998. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Raymond O. Arsenault serves as the John Hope Franklin Professor of Southern History and Director of the University Honors Program at the University of South Florida (USF), St. Petersburg. A member of the USF faculty since 1980, he specializes in the social, political, and environmental history and historiography of the American South, though\nhis teaching and research interests cover nearly all areas of American history, culture, and civilization. ","A native of Hyannis, Massachusetts, he also lived in Virginia, Maryland, and Florida (the Pensacola, Jacksonville, and Amelia Island areas) before attending college. He completed his undergraduate education at Princeton (B.A., 1969) and finished his doctorate at Brandeis (Ph.D., 1981). In addition to his teaching and research at USF, he has also taught at the University of Minnesota, Brandeis University, and in France at the Universite d'Angers, where he served as a Fullbright Lecturer in 1984-1985. Author of two prize-winning books, The Wild Ass of the Ozarks: Jeff Davis and the Social Bases of Southern Politics and St. Petersburg and the Florida Dream. 1888-1950, Arsenault has also written numerous articles in scholarly journals. He and Gary Mormino, USF Professor of History, have collaborated as co-editors for the \"Florida History and Culture\" series of monographs published by the University Press of Florida. He regularly lectures at conferences and professional meetings, and has appeared on ABC's Nightline, National Public Radio, and ABC Nightly News.","A lifelong supporter of civil rights and social justice, Arsenault has also taken leadership roles with organizations such as the American Civil Liberties Union, where he has served as a member of the Board of Directors for the Pinellas County Chapter since 1981, as Chapter President (1985-1997), and later as President of the state ACLU in 1998. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRaymond O. Arsenault collection, Nelson Poynter Memorial Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Raymond O. Arsenault collection, Nelson Poynter Memorial Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eItems fall within three distinct series: Pre-2001 acquisitions, 2001 Acquisitions,and 2004 Acquisitions. Research files, clippings, memoranda, audiotape recordings, public records, photographs, and ephemera consist the bulk of collection from the 1880s (photocopied newspaper articles) through 2001. Content consists of materials related to the history of St. Petersburg including African American history and civil rights.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Items fall within three distinct series: Pre-2001 acquisitions, 2001 Acquisitions,and 2004 Acquisitions. Research files, clippings, memoranda, audiotape recordings, public records, photographs, and ephemera consist the bulk of collection from the 1880s (photocopied newspaper articles) through 2001. Content consists of materials related to the history of St. Petersburg including African American history and civil rights."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ba97df0c8026d5180919cc8d2789947c\"\u003eCollection consists of USF St. Petersburg professor Raymond O. Asenault's research materials on the history of St. Petersbrug and Florida.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Collection consists of USF St. Petersburg professor Raymond O. Asenault's research materials on the history of St. Petersbrug and Florida."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives","Arsenault, Raymond"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - St. Petersburg Special Collections \u0026 University Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Arsenault, Raymond"],"persname_ssim":["Arsenault, Raymond"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":185,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870861480115568640,"_root_":"25ebf6b3b78961e2986ca117","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:02:23.136Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/25ebf6b3b78961e2986ca117_aspace_5f1972044c2b37b777fb6b0f082e7c75"}},{"id":"43a103765ff8cd36deca1869_aspace_0e5d9f55ac896f194a555879e5e309e6","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Electricity, Telegraph, Telephone, and Transfer Bills, 1913-1914","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/43a103765ff8cd36deca1869_aspace_0e5d9f55ac896f194a555879e5e309e6#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_0e5d9f55ac896f194a555879e5e309e6","ref_ssm":["aspace_0e5d9f55ac896f194a555879e5e309e6","aspace_0e5d9f55ac896f194a555879e5e309e6"],"id":"43a103765ff8cd36deca1869_aspace_0e5d9f55ac896f194a555879e5e309e6","title_filing_ssi":"Electricity, Telegraph, Telephone, and Transfer Bills","title_ssm":["Electricity, Telegraph, Telephone, and Transfer Bills"],"title_tesim":["Electricity, Telegraph, Telephone, and Transfer Bills"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1913-1914"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1913-1914"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Electricity, Telegraph, Telephone, and Transfer Bills, 1913-1914"],"text":["Electricity, Telegraph, Telephone, and Transfer Bills, 1913-1914","Tampa Union Station records, 1912-1973","Tampa Union Station Company","Tampa Union Station Company Timesheets and Bond","Folder 10","/repositories/2/archival_objects/167308","box 13","folder 10"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["43a103765ff8cd36deca1869","43a103765ff8cd36deca1869_aspace_66088","43a103765ff8cd36deca1869_aspace_66102"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Tampa Union Station records, 1912-1973","Tampa Union Station Company","Tampa Union Station Company Timesheets and Bond"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Tampa Union Station records, 1912-1973","Tampa Union Station Company","Tampa Union Station Company Timesheets and Bond"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Box"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 10","/repositories/2/archival_objects/167308"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Tampa Union Station records, 1912-1973"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":105,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None.  The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/for more information."],"date_range_isim":[1913,1914],"containers_ssim":["box 13","folder 10"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#2/components#9","_nest_parent_":"43a103765ff8cd36deca1869_aspace_66102","_root_":"43a103765ff8cd36deca1869","timestamp":"2026-07-10T04:34:10.393Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"43a103765ff8cd36deca1869","title_ssm":["Tampa Union Station records"],"title_tesim":["Tampa Union Station records"],"ead_ssi":"43a103765ff8cd36deca1869","unitdate_ssm":["1912-1973"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1912-1973"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["T15","/repositories/2/resources/454"],"text":["T15","/repositories/2/resources/454","Tampa Union Station records, 1912-1973","Pullman Car Company.","Seaboard Air Line Railway.","Seaboard Coast Line Railroad.","Tampa Union Station (Fla.)","Railroad stations—Florida—Tampa.","Historic buildings -- Florida -- Tampa.","Collection arranged into series, with each series denoting a single company.","The Tampa Union Station Company was organized in 1911 in order to establish a unified railroad passenger terminal to replace the various individual railroad stations in the city.  When the Union Station building, located at 601 N. Nebraska Avenue, was completed in 1912, it was served by three railroads: Atlantic Coast Line Railroad, Seaboard Air Line Railway, and Tampa  Gulf Coast Railroad. The Union Station remained Tampa's railroad passenger terminal until the 1970s. Following World War II, the building became the property of the Seaboard Coast Line Railroad, and its successor, CSX Transportation.  Since the 1970s, Amtrak has leased the property for its limited passenger service, using the building for storage. On May 12, 1988, the City of Tampa Architectural Review Board designated the Tampa Union Station as a historical landmark. Due to the efforts of Tampa Union Station Preservation and Redevelopment Inc., the Tampa Union Station was reopened after extensive renovations on May 30, 1998.","Note written by Joe Tamargo, 2011","Atlantic Coast Line: The Standard Railroad of the South.","Building a Great Railroad: A History of the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Company.","City of Tampa Report of the Architectural Review Commission Recommending the Designation of Union Station as a City of Tampa Landmark.","Tampa Union Station","Tampa Tribune","Tampa Bay History","TampaGov","","Consists of records generated by Amtrak, Seaboard Coast Line Railroad (early 1970s), Pullman Company (1920-1970s), Seaboard Air Line Railway (late 1920s) and Tampa Union Station Company (1924-1930s).  Also includes extensive files of Pullman Company memoranda and procedures issued by various departments, personnel time sheets, records of train departures and arrivals, monthly financial reports, ticket sales, porter agreements, grievances, and personal injury claims, circulars, and maintenance forms.","None.  The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.","Records of Tampa Union Station for railways.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Tampa Union Station ","Seaboard Coast Line Railroad","Pullman Company","Amtrak","Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Company","Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters","English"],"unitid_tesim":["T15","/repositories/2/resources/454"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1912-1973"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Tampa Union Station records, 1912-1973"],"collection_title_tesim":["Tampa Union Station records, 1912-1973"],"collection_ssim":["Tampa Union Station records, 1912-1973"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Tampa Union Station ","Seaboard Coast Line Railroad","Pullman Company"],"creator_ssim":["Tampa Union Station ","Seaboard Coast Line Railroad","Pullman Company"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Tampa Union Station ","Seaboard Coast Line Railroad","Pullman Company"],"creators_ssim":["Tampa Union Station ","Seaboard Coast Line Railroad","Pullman Company"],"access_terms_ssm":["None.  The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Pullman Car Company.","Seaboard Air Line Railway.","Seaboard Coast Line Railroad.","Tampa Union Station (Fla.)","Railroad stations—Florida—Tampa.","Historic buildings -- Florida -- Tampa."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Pullman Car Company.","Seaboard Air Line Railway.","Seaboard Coast Line Railroad.","Tampa Union Station (Fla.)","Railroad stations—Florida—Tampa.","Historic buildings -- Florida -- Tampa."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7.49 Linear Feet","17 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["7.49 Linear Feet","17 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection arranged into series, with each series denoting a single company.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["Collection arranged into series, with each series denoting a single company."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Tampa Union Station Company was organized in 1911 in order to establish a unified railroad passenger terminal to replace the various individual railroad stations in the city.\u0026#xA0; When the Union Station building, located at 601 N. Nebraska Avenue, was completed in 1912, it was served by three railroads: Atlantic Coast Line Railroad, Seaboard Air Line Railway, and Tampa  Gulf Coast Railroad. The Union Station remained Tampa's railroad passenger terminal until the 1970s. Following World War II, the building became the property of the Seaboard Coast Line Railroad, and its successor, CSX Transportation.\u0026#xA0; Since the 1970s, Amtrak has leased the property for its limited passenger service, using the building for storage. On May 12, 1988, the City of Tampa Architectural Review Board designated the Tampa Union Station as a historical landmark. Due to the efforts of Tampa Union Station Preservation and Redevelopment Inc., the Tampa Union Station was reopened after extensive renovations on May 30, 1998.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Joe Tamargo, 2011\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Tampa Union Station Company was organized in 1911 in order to establish a unified railroad passenger terminal to replace the various individual railroad stations in the city.  When the Union Station building, located at 601 N. Nebraska Avenue, was completed in 1912, it was served by three railroads: Atlantic Coast Line Railroad, Seaboard Air Line Railway, and Tampa  Gulf Coast Railroad. The Union Station remained Tampa's railroad passenger terminal until the 1970s. Following World War II, the building became the property of the Seaboard Coast Line Railroad, and its successor, CSX Transportation.  Since the 1970s, Amtrak has leased the property for its limited passenger service, using the building for storage. On May 12, 1988, the City of Tampa Architectural Review Board designated the Tampa Union Station as a historical landmark. Due to the efforts of Tampa Union Station Preservation and Redevelopment Inc., the Tampa Union Station was reopened after extensive renovations on May 30, 1998.","Note written by Joe Tamargo, 2011"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTampa Union Station records, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Tampa Union Station records, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAtlantic Coast Line: The Standard Railroad of the South.\u003c/emph\u003e","\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBuilding a Great Railroad: A History of the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Company.\u003c/emph\u003e","\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCity of Tampa Report of the Architectural Review Commission Recommending the Designation of Union Station as a City of Tampa Landmark.\u003c/emph\u003e","\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTampa Union Station\u003c/emph\u003e","\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTampa Tribune\u003c/emph\u003e","\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTampa Bay History\u003c/emph\u003e","\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eTampaGov\u003c/emph\u003e","\u003chttp:\u003e\u003c/http:\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Atlantic Coast Line: The Standard Railroad of the South.","Building a Great Railroad: A History of the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Company.","City of Tampa Report of the Architectural Review Commission Recommending the Designation of Union Station as a City of Tampa Landmark.","Tampa Union Station","Tampa Tribune","Tampa Bay History","TampaGov",""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConsists of records generated by Amtrak, Seaboard Coast Line Railroad (early 1970s), Pullman Company (1920-1970s), Seaboard Air Line Railway (late 1920s) and Tampa Union Station Company (1924-1930s).\u0026#xA0; Also includes extensive files of Pullman Company memoranda and procedures issued by various departments, personnel time sheets, records of train departures and arrivals, monthly financial reports, ticket sales, porter agreements, grievances, and personal injury claims, circulars, and maintenance forms.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Consists of records generated by Amtrak, Seaboard Coast Line Railroad (early 1970s), Pullman Company (1920-1970s), Seaboard Air Line Railway (late 1920s) and Tampa Union Station Company (1924-1930s).  Also includes extensive files of Pullman Company memoranda and procedures issued by various departments, personnel time sheets, records of train departures and arrivals, monthly financial reports, ticket sales, porter agreements, grievances, and personal injury claims, circulars, and maintenance forms."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0; The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/%C2%A0\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003efor more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None.  The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_06f6824d3051ae7f545a71d64f6e34d9\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eRecords of Tampa Union Station for railways.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Records of Tampa Union Station for railways."],"names_coll_ssim":["Amtrak","Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Company","Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters"],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Tampa Union Station ","Seaboard Coast Line Railroad","Pullman Company","Amtrak","Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Company","Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Tampa Union Station ","Seaboard Coast Line Railroad","Pullman Company","Amtrak","Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Company","Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":136,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"43a103765ff8cd36deca1869","timestamp":"2026-07-10T04:34:10.393Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/43a103765ff8cd36deca1869_aspace_0e5d9f55ac896f194a555879e5e309e6"}},{"id":"1898badf6f31829297d16a48_aspace_439d8e1b5787e754756fb20b52fe9fe2","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Ella Zimmerman Autograph Book, 1890-1918","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/1898badf6f31829297d16a48_aspace_439d8e1b5787e754756fb20b52fe9fe2#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_439d8e1b5787e754756fb20b52fe9fe2","ref_ssm":["aspace_439d8e1b5787e754756fb20b52fe9fe2","aspace_439d8e1b5787e754756fb20b52fe9fe2"],"id":"1898badf6f31829297d16a48_aspace_439d8e1b5787e754756fb20b52fe9fe2","title_filing_ssi":"Ella Zimmerman Autograph Book","title_ssm":["Ella Zimmerman Autograph Book"],"title_tesim":["Ella Zimmerman Autograph Book"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1890-1918"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1890-1918"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ella Zimmerman Autograph Book, 1890-1918"],"text":["Ella Zimmerman Autograph Book, 1890-1918","Finkbeiner Family papers, bulk 1880-1930","Box 1","Folder 1","/repositories/2/archival_objects/219890","box 1","folder 1"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["1898badf6f31829297d16a48","1898badf6f31829297d16a48_aspace_b8e5123acccc2e9ac1aa4bcd9a98b147"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Finkbeiner Family papers, bulk 1880-1930","Box 1"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Finkbeiner Family papers, bulk 1880-1930","Box 1"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Box"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 1","/repositories/2/archival_objects/219890"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Finkbeiner Family papers, bulk 1880-1930"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":2,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["None."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"date_range_isim":[1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0","_nest_parent_":"1898badf6f31829297d16a48_aspace_b8e5123acccc2e9ac1aa4bcd9a98b147","_root_":"1898badf6f31829297d16a48","_version_":1874758059330371584,"timestamp":"2026-08-28T09:16:50.659Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"1898badf6f31829297d16a48","title_ssm":["Finkbeiner Family papers"],"title_tesim":["Finkbeiner Family papers"],"ead_ssi":"1898badf6f31829297d16a48","unitdate_ssm":["1880-1930"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1880-1930"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.2026.06","/repositories/2/resources/775"],"text":["MS.2026.06","/repositories/2/resources/775","Finkbeiner Family papers, bulk 1880-1930","Families","Family life","Family relations","Families -- Florida -- Tampa Bay Region -- Biography","Yacht clubs -- Florida -- Tampa","None.","By material type.","The Finkbeiner family resided in Brooklyn, New York in the late 1800s and early 1900s after Ernst Finkbeiner immigrated to the United States from Germany. Ernst Finkbeiner and his wife Ella Finkbeiner née Zimmerman had two children, Herbert and Anita. Herbert moved to Lutz, Florida to work on an orange grove and later returned to the area after owning a butcher shop in Brooklyn. He and his wife Mildred Finkbeiner née Douglas married in November 1932 and adopted two sons, Ed and David. Ed went on to join the Air Force and David joined the Navy.","Herbert later owned several sailing vessels and was a member of the Davis Island Yacht Club, St. Petersburg Yacht Club, and Pass-A-Grille Yacht Club.","Information taken from autobiography included in collection.","This collection consists of photographs, ephemera, and documents related to the lives of members of the Finkbeiner family.","None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.","This collection contains materials gathered by the Finkbeiner family. Included are materials from different family members' time in New York and Florida, primarily from the 1880s to 1930s.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Finkbeiner family","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.2026.06","/repositories/2/resources/775"],"normalized_date_ssm":["bulk 1880-1930"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Finkbeiner Family papers, bulk 1880-1930"],"collection_title_tesim":["Finkbeiner Family papers, bulk 1880-1930"],"collection_ssim":["Finkbeiner Family papers, bulk 1880-1930"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Finkbeiner family"],"creator_ssim":["Finkbeiner family"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Finkbeiner family"],"creators_ssim":["Finkbeiner family"],"access_terms_ssm":["None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Unknown."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Families","Family life","Family relations","Families -- Florida -- Tampa Bay Region -- Biography","Yacht clubs -- Florida -- Tampa"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Families","Family life","Family relations","Families -- Florida -- Tampa Bay Region -- Biography","Yacht clubs -- Florida -- Tampa"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 boxes 1 half hollinger.","0.21 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1 boxes 1 half hollinger.","0.21 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["None."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBy material type.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["By material type."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Finkbeiner family resided in Brooklyn, New York in the late 1800s and early 1900s after Ernst Finkbeiner immigrated to the United States from Germany. Ernst Finkbeiner and his wife Ella Finkbeiner n\u0026#xE9;e Zimmerman had two children, Herbert and Anita. Herbert moved to Lutz, Florida to work on an orange grove and later returned to the area after owning a butcher shop in Brooklyn. He and his wife Mildred Finkbeiner n\u0026#xE9;e Douglas married in November 1932 and adopted two sons, Ed and David. Ed went on to join the Air Force and David joined the Navy.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHerbert later owned several sailing vessels and was a member of the Davis Island Yacht Club, St. Petersburg Yacht Club, and Pass-A-Grille Yacht Club.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eInformation taken from autobiography included in collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Finkbeiner family resided in Brooklyn, New York in the late 1800s and early 1900s after Ernst Finkbeiner immigrated to the United States from Germany. Ernst Finkbeiner and his wife Ella Finkbeiner née Zimmerman had two children, Herbert and Anita. Herbert moved to Lutz, Florida to work on an orange grove and later returned to the area after owning a butcher shop in Brooklyn. He and his wife Mildred Finkbeiner née Douglas married in November 1932 and adopted two sons, Ed and David. Ed went on to join the Air Force and David joined the Navy.","Herbert later owned several sailing vessels and was a member of the Davis Island Yacht Club, St. Petersburg Yacht Club, and Pass-A-Grille Yacht Club.","Information taken from autobiography included in collection."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFinkbeiner Family papers, USF Libraries \u0026#x2013; Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Finkbeiner Family papers, USF Libraries – Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of photographs, ephemera, and documents related to the lives of members of the Finkbeiner family.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of photographs, ephemera, and documents related to the lives of members of the Finkbeiner family."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_42e898f424bb259c9915892fee26f95c\"\u003eThis collection contains materials gathered by the Finkbeiner family. Included are materials from different family members' time in New York and Florida, primarily from the 1880s to 1930s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains materials gathered by the Finkbeiner family. Included are materials from different family members' time in New York and Florida, primarily from the 1880s to 1930s."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Finkbeiner family"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"famname_ssim":["Finkbeiner family"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":6,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1874758059330371584,"_root_":"1898badf6f31829297d16a48","timestamp":"2026-08-28T09:16:50.659Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/1898badf6f31829297d16a48_aspace_439d8e1b5787e754756fb20b52fe9fe2"}},{"id":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_1c294b35bfc29deac79ab29b25010138","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Emily G. Palen, 1911–1920","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_1c294b35bfc29deac79ab29b25010138#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_1c294b35bfc29deac79ab29b25010138","ref_ssm":["aspace_1c294b35bfc29deac79ab29b25010138","aspace_1c294b35bfc29deac79ab29b25010138"],"id":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_1c294b35bfc29deac79ab29b25010138","title_filing_ssi":"Emily G. Palen","title_ssm":["Emily G. Palen"],"title_tesim":["Emily G. Palen"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1911–1920"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1911–1920"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Emily G. Palen, 1911–1920"],"text":["Emily G. Palen, 1911–1920","Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997","State Organizational Files, 1886-2000","Finance, 1886–1983","Title Deeds, 1886–1983","Property Owners, 1886–1942","/repositories/4/archival_objects/69830","box 49","folder 20"],"component_level_isim":[5],"parent_ids_ssim":["f98896827f16d52b3168e472","f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_fe3154f62b64b6ce0e601b03fcc072df","f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_cd77814ee9471305c49d9b10ba8d5d5e","f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_ee9d5688a3a0e4f632c436314204b67b","f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_d8a4460408c84d3609d8a476201a435e"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997","State Organizational Files, 1886-2000","Finance, 1886–1983","Title Deeds, 1886–1983","Property Owners, 1886–1942"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997","State Organizational Files, 1886-2000","Finance, 1886–1983","Title Deeds, 1886–1983","Property Owners, 1886–1942"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries","Subseries","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/4/archival_objects/69830"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":455,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research.","Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997 (Series IV) and Additional Materials, 1862-2019 (Series VI) contain fragile AV material. No access copies are currently available. For further information, please contact Special Collections \u0026 University Archives."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920],"containers_ssim":["box 49","folder 20"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#24/components#11/components#1/components#51","_nest_parent_":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_d8a4460408c84d3609d8a476201a435e","_root_":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472","_version_":1870857973089173504,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:06:38.475Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472","title_ssm":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection"],"title_tesim":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection"],"ead_ssi":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472","unitdate_ssm":["1862-2019","1902-1997"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1902-1997"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862-2019"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 054","/repositories/4/resources/294"],"text":["SC 054","/repositories/4/resources/294","Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997","Abandoned Children","Adoption -- Florida","Adoption -- United States -- History","Child welfare -- Florida","Foster children -- United States -- History","Nonprofit organizations -- Finance","Nonprofit organizations -- Management","Nonprofit organizations -- Planning","Poverty","Orphanages -- Florida","The entire collection is open for research.","Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997 (Series IV) and Additional Materials, 1862-2019 (Series VI) contain fragile AV material. No access copies are currently available. For further information, please contact Special Collections \u0026 University Archives.","The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection is arranged into 5 series by types of content as well as by types of materials. The first three series feature personal and office files which show the birth and growth of the organization, sorted at the state and local division levels. The last two series holds audio visual and photographic ephemera as well as scrapbooks created by workers at the society.","To be an orphan in Florida at the turn of the twentieth century was a dangerous prospect. Children were being orphaned due to farm and industrial accidents and numerous poor families had to give up children they could no longer afford. Many children were abused and there were few laws that protected children's rights. Homeless children had little place to go where they could be safe, properly cared for, and loved.","\nIn response to this increasing crisis, the National Children's Home Society was formed in Illinois in 1883 to help place children who had been orphaned in farming and industrial accidents, spreading to several other states over the next decade. The Revered D. W. Comstock came to Jacksonville, Florida in 1902 as a representative of the National Children's Home Society to help organize the state's first child welfare society. On November 17, 1902, with the help of Rev. D. W. Comstock and Jacksonville's city and religious leaders, The Children's Home Society of Florida (CHSFL) was established. The welfare of the child was the society's primary focus, making sure that if the family could not be preserved that the child was placed in a happy and healthy home.","\nThe CHSFL was developed as a non-profit organization, relying solely on donations from the community. Fund-raising efforts began as administrative duties were carried out in private homes around the city. The children were also were being cared for in private residences as there was not yet a home secured for the society to board its charges. The CHSFL committed itself to not only children but to babies who were not accepted until the age of three at state orphanages (Mahoney, 5). Money was tight for the society and within the first few years, the CHSFL found itself in deep debt. By September of 1910, the CHSFL was facing the possibility of ending operations when a new state superintendent for the society entered its doors. Marcus C. Fagg was just 24 when he took control of the CHSFL but within a few short months, he had already obtained funding to start his first appeals drive. Many in the society to this day believe that it was Marcus C. Fagg who saved the CHSFL from closing its doors and built it to the standards that society members and workers adhere to today. Fagg's compassion towards children also did not go unnoticed; from his early years with the CHSFL, many children he helped referred to him as \"Daddy\" Fagg as a token of their appreciation for finding them loving homes.","\nMarcus Fagg brought innovative solutions to a dire financial situation. Using land donated or sold at cost to the society, Fagg either rented or sold land at higher costs to turn a profit. Fagg also helped poor families by renting them homes at drastically reduced rental costs with an option to later buy the homes. Marcus Fagg helped dozens of poor families regain their footing while also helping the CHSFL emerge from a deep hole of financial debt.","\nThough Marcus Fagg began to save the society financially, the society still fell on hard times. The country became entangled in the agony of the Great Depression in the 1930s and the CHSFL suffered with the rest of the nation. The Miami receiving home was lost due to a lack of finances but was thankfully picked up and operated by the Junior League until 1936 when CHSFL was able to once again run the home. Marcus Fagg also made history in 1932 by becoming the first chairman of the new Florida State Welfare Board. Through the 1940s and 1950s, CHSFL was instrumental in securing rights and welfare laws for children nationwide. CHSFL was one of the founding members of the Child Welfare League of America and was one of the only societies in the country to handle state adoptions without the aid of a state agency. The society also saw rapid growth, thanks in part to the massive fund-raising performed by Marcus Fagg; several new division offices opened throughout the state, many of whom offered special services for children. CHSFL also began offering services to unwed mothers, further committing themselves to the family rather than just simply finding homes for children.","\nOne of the saddest moments for the CHSFL was the loss of their mentor and leader, Marcus C. \"Daddy\" Fagg in 1958. After Fagg's passing, newspapers throughout Florida ran headlines announcing the loss of a great state hero. Buried in a simple grave in Jacksonville, Florida, Fagg's life and legacy still serves as a reminder to the CHSFL of their continued effort to help abused and orphaned children in the state of Florida.","\nSegregation and integration played an important role for CHSFL in the 1960s as the society began caring for and adopting out African-American children from their receiving homes. Historically, the society took in mostly white children. As the Civil Rights movement grew in the 1960's, the society re-examined the scope of its adoption policies and began taking in and offering adoption services for the African-American community. This was a significant development both for the society and for the Civil Rights movement; African-American children were being given the same adoption services as white children at a time when the issue of race was dominant in society and politics. As the country rapidly changed, so did the society, offering for the first time services in schools for handicapped, delinquent, and abused children as well children living in racially mixed households. These services would grow and define the society through to the end of the 1990s.","\nJust three years into the new millennium and the society's second century of service, the CHSFL moved its headquarters from its birthplace in Jacksonville to more centrally located offices in Winter Park, Florida. Now over one hundred years old, the CHSFL offers fourteen divisions that serve the entire state of Florida.","Collection processed by Ari Karlene Anderson; finding aid prepared by April Karlene Anderson and Katie Seeler. All paper materials have been placed in acid free folders and stored in archival containers. Some larger paper materials, such as maps and large photographs were also placed in acid free folders but are stored in archival flat files. Paper clips have been removed and replaced with plastic clips. In some cases, rusty staples have also been removed. Post-it notes have been moved to the edges of papers and copies have been made of more fragile materials such as news clippings. Photo blocks have been placed in archival trays, stored in separate bins to prevent them from scraping against one another. Any audio or visual media in cases were kept in their containers but placed collectively in archival boxes. Loose pages and items in the scrapbooks have been secured either with plastic clips or placed in archival folders and the entire book has been wrapped in acid free archival paper. Additional materials processed and integrated into the main collection by Suphi Burak Ogreten. Collection rehoused and container list revised by Asmara Cortes-Caba in 2023.","Blount Family papers , University of West Florida University Archives and West Florida History Center, Pensacola, Florida. ","Adoption Records: This collection does not contain any records on adopted individuals or families from the Children's Home Society of Florida. However, the society does have the CHS Adoptions Archive Unit which is dedicated to the preservation and research of these records. They can be found at  http://www.chsfl.org .","Books:","Georgia Gertrude Ralph,  Elements of Record Keeping for Child-Helping Organizations , (New York: The De Vinne Press, 1915.)","Lawrence Mahoney,  Children and hope : a history of the Children's Home Society of Florida , (Miami: Pickering Press, 1987).","Other Locations:","Pensacola Historical Society's Historical Resource Center, 110 East Church Street, Pensacola, Florida 32502. Phone: (850) 434-5455 Website:  http://www.pensacolahistory.org  (Western Division).","Florida Department of State, State Archives of Florida, R. A. Gray Building 500 South Bronough Street Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250. Website:  https://dos.myflorida.com/library-archives/archives .","The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains personal and organizational papers, photographs, audio and visual materials, as well as ledgers and scrapbooks. The collection is arranged by both content and materials types and have been organized into the following series:","\nSeries I: Biographical Files, 1900-1991, contains the files of individuals who were instrumental in the creation and/or the operations of the Children's Home Society of Florida. Correspondence makes up the majority of this series as it show the creation of the society (Comstock, Harkins, Seaton), its resurrection (Fagg), and its continued operations.","\nSeries II: State Organizational Files, 1886-2000, includes files that were used in the operations of the society as a whole. Financial documents, correspondence, reports, as well as the meeting minutes of the various committees that ran the society can be found in this series.","\nSeries III: Division Files, 1921-circa 1995, consists of files for local divisions located throughout the state. Some divisions are no longer in operation, having been closed completely or absorbed into another division. These older divisions can be found here in their original name. Meeting minutes for each division are also located here.","\nSeries IV: Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997, holds both audio and visual media used by the Children's Home Society of Florida in promoting their society as well as raising funds.","\nSeries V: Ledger and Scrapbooks, 1902-1978, includes miscellaneous ledger and scrapbooks created by the Children's Home Society of Florida. The ledger books vary in format but are generally are either inventory or accounting in nature. The scrapbooks are made up of five volumes, all created by workers at the Children's Home Society of Florida. News clippings make up the majority of the scrapbooks contents but some do contain publications made by the Children's Home Society of Florida. There are also four Rose Keller Home scrapbooks made by workers at the Rose Keller Division in Lakeland, Florida. The Rose Keller Home scrapbooks give a brief history of the division as well as chronicle events at the home.","\nSeries VI: Additional Materials, 1862-2012, holds additional materials received from the Children's Home Society of Florida including organizational files, ephemera, photographs and audio/visual materials.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains organizational papers and ephemera that document the creation and operations of Florida's oldest non-profit adoption agency. The collection includes organizational papers from its state and local divisions, photographs, news clippings, audio and visual media, scrapbooks, and blueprints of the many receiving homes in the state, but does not contain adoption records. Adoption records remain at the CHSFL Adoption Archive and are available by contacting the society directly.","UCF Special Collections","Children's Home Society of Florida","Florida. Department of Children and Families","Child Welfare League of America","Florida. State Board of Public Welfare","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 054","/repositories/4/resources/294"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997"],"collection_title_tesim":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997"],"collection_ssim":["Children's Home Society of Florida collection, 1862-2019, bulk 1902-1997"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"creator_ssm":["Children's Home Society of Florida"],"creator_ssim":["Children's Home Society of Florida"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Children's Home Society of Florida"],"creators_ssim":["Children's Home Society of Florida"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Children's Home Society of Florida donated these materials to the University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives Department in 2004 (CFM2004_04). Additional matterials were added in 2015 (CFM2015_06), 2016 (CFM2016_03), 2017 (CFM2017_05), 2020 (CFM2020_11), and 2021 (CFM2021_06)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Abandoned Children","Adoption -- Florida","Adoption -- United States -- History","Child welfare -- Florida","Foster children -- United States -- History","Nonprofit organizations -- Finance","Nonprofit organizations -- Management","Nonprofit organizations -- Planning","Poverty","Orphanages -- Florida"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Abandoned Children","Adoption -- Florida","Adoption -- United States -- History","Child welfare -- Florida","Foster children -- United States -- History","Nonprofit organizations -- Finance","Nonprofit organizations -- Management","Nonprofit organizations -- Planning","Poverty","Orphanages -- Florida"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["102.75 Linear Feet 117 boxes, 5 scrapbooks, 13 flat files"],"extent_tesim":["102.75 Linear Feet 117 boxes, 5 scrapbooks, 13 flat files"],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997 (Series IV) and Additional Materials, 1862-2019 (Series VI) contain fragile AV material. No access copies are currently available. For further information, please contact Special Collections \u0026amp; University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research.","Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997 (Series IV) and Additional Materials, 1862-2019 (Series VI) contain fragile AV material. No access copies are currently available. For further information, please contact Special Collections \u0026 University Archives."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Children's Home Society of Florida Collection is arranged into 5 series by types of content as well as by types of materials. The first three series feature personal and office files which show the birth and growth of the organization, sorted at the state and local division levels. The last two series holds audio visual and photographic ephemera as well as scrapbooks created by workers at the society.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection is arranged into 5 series by types of content as well as by types of materials. The first three series feature personal and office files which show the birth and growth of the organization, sorted at the state and local division levels. The last two series holds audio visual and photographic ephemera as well as scrapbooks created by workers at the society."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTo be an orphan in Florida at the turn of the twentieth century was a dangerous prospect. Children were being orphaned due to farm and industrial accidents and numerous poor families had to give up children they could no longer afford. Many children were abused and there were few laws that protected children's rights. Homeless children had little place to go where they could be safe, properly cared for, and loved.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIn response to this increasing crisis, the National Children's Home Society was formed in Illinois in 1883 to help place children who had been orphaned in farming and industrial accidents, spreading to several other states over the next decade. The Revered D. W. Comstock came to Jacksonville, Florida in 1902 as a representative of the National Children's Home Society to help organize the state's first child welfare society. On November 17, 1902, with the help of Rev. D. W. Comstock and Jacksonville's city and religious leaders, The Children's Home Society of Florida (CHSFL) was established. The welfare of the child was the society's primary focus, making sure that if the family could not be preserved that the child was placed in a happy and healthy home.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe CHSFL was developed as a non-profit organization, relying solely on donations from the community. Fund-raising efforts began as administrative duties were carried out in private homes around the city. The children were also were being cared for in private residences as there was not yet a home secured for the society to board its charges. The CHSFL committed itself to not only children but to babies who were not accepted until the age of three at state orphanages (Mahoney, 5). Money was tight for the society and within the first few years, the CHSFL found itself in deep debt. By September of 1910, the CHSFL was facing the possibility of ending operations when a new state superintendent for the society entered its doors. Marcus C. Fagg was just 24 when he took control of the CHSFL but within a few short months, he had already obtained funding to start his first appeals drive. Many in the society to this day believe that it was Marcus C. Fagg who saved the CHSFL from closing its doors and built it to the standards that society members and workers adhere to today. Fagg's compassion towards children also did not go unnoticed; from his early years with the CHSFL, many children he helped referred to him as \"Daddy\" Fagg as a token of their appreciation for finding them loving homes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMarcus Fagg brought innovative solutions to a dire financial situation. Using land donated or sold at cost to the society, Fagg either rented or sold land at higher costs to turn a profit. Fagg also helped poor families by renting them homes at drastically reduced rental costs with an option to later buy the homes. Marcus Fagg helped dozens of poor families regain their footing while also helping the CHSFL emerge from a deep hole of financial debt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThough Marcus Fagg began to save the society financially, the society still fell on hard times. The country became entangled in the agony of the Great Depression in the 1930s and the CHSFL suffered with the rest of the nation. The Miami receiving home was lost due to a lack of finances but was thankfully picked up and operated by the Junior League until 1936 when CHSFL was able to once again run the home. Marcus Fagg also made history in 1932 by becoming the first chairman of the new Florida State Welfare Board. Through the 1940s and 1950s, CHSFL was instrumental in securing rights and welfare laws for children nationwide. CHSFL was one of the founding members of the Child Welfare League of America and was one of the only societies in the country to handle state adoptions without the aid of a state agency. The society also saw rapid growth, thanks in part to the massive fund-raising performed by Marcus Fagg; several new division offices opened throughout the state, many of whom offered special services for children. CHSFL also began offering services to unwed mothers, further committing themselves to the family rather than just simply finding homes for children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOne of the saddest moments for the CHSFL was the loss of their mentor and leader, Marcus C. \"Daddy\" Fagg in 1958. After Fagg's passing, newspapers throughout Florida ran headlines announcing the loss of a great state hero. Buried in a simple grave in Jacksonville, Florida, Fagg's life and legacy still serves as a reminder to the CHSFL of their continued effort to help abused and orphaned children in the state of Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSegregation and integration played an important role for CHSFL in the 1960s as the society began caring for and adopting out African-American children from their receiving homes. Historically, the society took in mostly white children. As the Civil Rights movement grew in the 1960's, the society re-examined the scope of its adoption policies and began taking in and offering adoption services for the African-American community. This was a significant development both for the society and for the Civil Rights movement; African-American children were being given the same adoption services as white children at a time when the issue of race was dominant in society and politics. As the country rapidly changed, so did the society, offering for the first time services in schools for handicapped, delinquent, and abused children as well children living in racially mixed households. These services would grow and define the society through to the end of the 1990s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nJust three years into the new millennium and the society's second century of service, the CHSFL moved its headquarters from its birthplace in Jacksonville to more centrally located offices in Winter Park, Florida. Now over one hundred years old, the CHSFL offers fourteen divisions that serve the entire state of Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["To be an orphan in Florida at the turn of the twentieth century was a dangerous prospect. Children were being orphaned due to farm and industrial accidents and numerous poor families had to give up children they could no longer afford. Many children were abused and there were few laws that protected children's rights. Homeless children had little place to go where they could be safe, properly cared for, and loved.","\nIn response to this increasing crisis, the National Children's Home Society was formed in Illinois in 1883 to help place children who had been orphaned in farming and industrial accidents, spreading to several other states over the next decade. The Revered D. W. Comstock came to Jacksonville, Florida in 1902 as a representative of the National Children's Home Society to help organize the state's first child welfare society. On November 17, 1902, with the help of Rev. D. W. Comstock and Jacksonville's city and religious leaders, The Children's Home Society of Florida (CHSFL) was established. The welfare of the child was the society's primary focus, making sure that if the family could not be preserved that the child was placed in a happy and healthy home.","\nThe CHSFL was developed as a non-profit organization, relying solely on donations from the community. Fund-raising efforts began as administrative duties were carried out in private homes around the city. The children were also were being cared for in private residences as there was not yet a home secured for the society to board its charges. The CHSFL committed itself to not only children but to babies who were not accepted until the age of three at state orphanages (Mahoney, 5). Money was tight for the society and within the first few years, the CHSFL found itself in deep debt. By September of 1910, the CHSFL was facing the possibility of ending operations when a new state superintendent for the society entered its doors. Marcus C. Fagg was just 24 when he took control of the CHSFL but within a few short months, he had already obtained funding to start his first appeals drive. Many in the society to this day believe that it was Marcus C. Fagg who saved the CHSFL from closing its doors and built it to the standards that society members and workers adhere to today. Fagg's compassion towards children also did not go unnoticed; from his early years with the CHSFL, many children he helped referred to him as \"Daddy\" Fagg as a token of their appreciation for finding them loving homes.","\nMarcus Fagg brought innovative solutions to a dire financial situation. Using land donated or sold at cost to the society, Fagg either rented or sold land at higher costs to turn a profit. Fagg also helped poor families by renting them homes at drastically reduced rental costs with an option to later buy the homes. Marcus Fagg helped dozens of poor families regain their footing while also helping the CHSFL emerge from a deep hole of financial debt.","\nThough Marcus Fagg began to save the society financially, the society still fell on hard times. The country became entangled in the agony of the Great Depression in the 1930s and the CHSFL suffered with the rest of the nation. The Miami receiving home was lost due to a lack of finances but was thankfully picked up and operated by the Junior League until 1936 when CHSFL was able to once again run the home. Marcus Fagg also made history in 1932 by becoming the first chairman of the new Florida State Welfare Board. Through the 1940s and 1950s, CHSFL was instrumental in securing rights and welfare laws for children nationwide. CHSFL was one of the founding members of the Child Welfare League of America and was one of the only societies in the country to handle state adoptions without the aid of a state agency. The society also saw rapid growth, thanks in part to the massive fund-raising performed by Marcus Fagg; several new division offices opened throughout the state, many of whom offered special services for children. CHSFL also began offering services to unwed mothers, further committing themselves to the family rather than just simply finding homes for children.","\nOne of the saddest moments for the CHSFL was the loss of their mentor and leader, Marcus C. \"Daddy\" Fagg in 1958. After Fagg's passing, newspapers throughout Florida ran headlines announcing the loss of a great state hero. Buried in a simple grave in Jacksonville, Florida, Fagg's life and legacy still serves as a reminder to the CHSFL of their continued effort to help abused and orphaned children in the state of Florida.","\nSegregation and integration played an important role for CHSFL in the 1960s as the society began caring for and adopting out African-American children from their receiving homes. Historically, the society took in mostly white children. As the Civil Rights movement grew in the 1960's, the society re-examined the scope of its adoption policies and began taking in and offering adoption services for the African-American community. This was a significant development both for the society and for the Civil Rights movement; African-American children were being given the same adoption services as white children at a time when the issue of race was dominant in society and politics. As the country rapidly changed, so did the society, offering for the first time services in schools for handicapped, delinquent, and abused children as well children living in racially mixed households. These services would grow and define the society through to the end of the 1990s.","\nJust three years into the new millennium and the society's second century of service, the CHSFL moved its headquarters from its birthplace in Jacksonville to more centrally located offices in Winter Park, Florida. Now over one hundred years old, the CHSFL offers fourteen divisions that serve the entire state of Florida."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Children's Home Society of Florida Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection processed by Ari Karlene Anderson; finding aid prepared by April Karlene Anderson and Katie Seeler. All paper materials have been placed in acid free folders and stored in archival containers. Some larger paper materials, such as maps and large photographs were also placed in acid free folders but are stored in archival flat files. Paper clips have been removed and replaced with plastic clips. In some cases, rusty staples have also been removed. Post-it notes have been moved to the edges of papers and copies have been made of more fragile materials such as news clippings. Photo blocks have been placed in archival trays, stored in separate bins to prevent them from scraping against one another. Any audio or visual media in cases were kept in their containers but placed collectively in archival boxes. Loose pages and items in the scrapbooks have been secured either with plastic clips or placed in archival folders and the entire book has been wrapped in acid free archival paper. Additional materials processed and integrated into the main collection by Suphi Burak Ogreten. Collection rehoused and container list revised by Asmara Cortes-Caba in 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Collection processed by Ari Karlene Anderson; finding aid prepared by April Karlene Anderson and Katie Seeler. All paper materials have been placed in acid free folders and stored in archival containers. Some larger paper materials, such as maps and large photographs were also placed in acid free folders but are stored in archival flat files. Paper clips have been removed and replaced with plastic clips. In some cases, rusty staples have also been removed. Post-it notes have been moved to the edges of papers and copies have been made of more fragile materials such as news clippings. Photo blocks have been placed in archival trays, stored in separate bins to prevent them from scraping against one another. Any audio or visual media in cases were kept in their containers but placed collectively in archival boxes. Loose pages and items in the scrapbooks have been secured either with plastic clips or placed in archival folders and the entire book has been wrapped in acid free archival paper. Additional materials processed and integrated into the main collection by Suphi Burak Ogreten. Collection rehoused and container list revised by Asmara Cortes-Caba in 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"https://uwf.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/350\"\u003eBlount Family papers\u003c/extref\u003e, University of West Florida University Archives and West Florida History Center, Pensacola, Florida. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdoption Records: This collection does not contain any records on adopted individuals or families from the Children's Home Society of Florida. However, the society does have the CHS Adoptions Archive Unit which is dedicated to the preservation and research of these records. They can be found at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.chsfl.org\"\u003ehttp://www.chsfl.org\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBooks:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeorgia Gertrude Ralph, \u003cextref href=\"https://ucf-flvc.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01FALSC_UCF/6a1ouu/alma990260914050306596\"\u003eElements of Record Keeping for Child-Helping Organizations\u003c/extref\u003e, (New York: The De Vinne Press, 1915.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLawrence Mahoney, \u003cextref href=\"https://ucf-flvc.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01FALSC_UCF/6a1ouu/alma990211238530306596\"\u003eChildren and hope : a history of the Children's Home Society of Florida\u003c/extref\u003e, (Miami: Pickering Press, 1987).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther Locations:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePensacola Historical Society's Historical Resource Center, 110 East Church Street, Pensacola, Florida 32502. Phone: (850) 434-5455 Website: \u003cextref href=\"http://www.pensacolahistory.org\"\u003ehttp://www.pensacolahistory.org\u003c/extref\u003e (Western Division).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFlorida Department of State, State Archives of Florida, R. A. Gray Building 500 South Bronough Street Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250. Website: \u003cextref href=\"https://dos.myflorida.com/library-archives/archives\"\u003ehttps://dos.myflorida.com/library-archives/archives\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Blount Family papers , University of West Florida University Archives and West Florida History Center, Pensacola, Florida. ","Adoption Records: This collection does not contain any records on adopted individuals or families from the Children's Home Society of Florida. However, the society does have the CHS Adoptions Archive Unit which is dedicated to the preservation and research of these records. They can be found at  http://www.chsfl.org .","Books:","Georgia Gertrude Ralph,  Elements of Record Keeping for Child-Helping Organizations , (New York: The De Vinne Press, 1915.)","Lawrence Mahoney,  Children and hope : a history of the Children's Home Society of Florida , (Miami: Pickering Press, 1987).","Other Locations:","Pensacola Historical Society's Historical Resource Center, 110 East Church Street, Pensacola, Florida 32502. Phone: (850) 434-5455 Website:  http://www.pensacolahistory.org  (Western Division).","Florida Department of State, State Archives of Florida, R. A. Gray Building 500 South Bronough Street Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250. Website:  https://dos.myflorida.com/library-archives/archives ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains personal and organizational papers, photographs, audio and visual materials, as well as ledgers and scrapbooks. The collection is arranged by both content and materials types and have been organized into the following series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I: Biographical Files, 1900-1991, contains the files of individuals who were instrumental in the creation and/or the operations of the Children's Home Society of Florida. Correspondence makes up the majority of this series as it show the creation of the society (Comstock, Harkins, Seaton), its resurrection (Fagg), and its continued operations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: State Organizational Files, 1886-2000, includes files that were used in the operations of the society as a whole. Financial documents, correspondence, reports, as well as the meeting minutes of the various committees that ran the society can be found in this series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Division Files, 1921-circa 1995, consists of files for local divisions located throughout the state. Some divisions are no longer in operation, having been closed completely or absorbed into another division. These older divisions can be found here in their original name. Meeting minutes for each division are also located here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997, holds both audio and visual media used by the Children's Home Society of Florida in promoting their society as well as raising funds.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Ledger and Scrapbooks, 1902-1978, includes miscellaneous ledger and scrapbooks created by the Children's Home Society of Florida. The ledger books vary in format but are generally are either inventory or accounting in nature. The scrapbooks are made up of five volumes, all created by workers at the Children's Home Society of Florida. News clippings make up the majority of the scrapbooks contents but some do contain publications made by the Children's Home Society of Florida. There are also four Rose Keller Home scrapbooks made by workers at the Rose Keller Division in Lakeland, Florida. The Rose Keller Home scrapbooks give a brief history of the division as well as chronicle events at the home.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Additional Materials, 1862-2012, holds additional materials received from the Children's Home Society of Florida including organizational files, ephemera, photographs and audio/visual materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains personal and organizational papers, photographs, audio and visual materials, as well as ledgers and scrapbooks. The collection is arranged by both content and materials types and have been organized into the following series:","\nSeries I: Biographical Files, 1900-1991, contains the files of individuals who were instrumental in the creation and/or the operations of the Children's Home Society of Florida. Correspondence makes up the majority of this series as it show the creation of the society (Comstock, Harkins, Seaton), its resurrection (Fagg), and its continued operations.","\nSeries II: State Organizational Files, 1886-2000, includes files that were used in the operations of the society as a whole. Financial documents, correspondence, reports, as well as the meeting minutes of the various committees that ran the society can be found in this series.","\nSeries III: Division Files, 1921-circa 1995, consists of files for local divisions located throughout the state. Some divisions are no longer in operation, having been closed completely or absorbed into another division. These older divisions can be found here in their original name. Meeting minutes for each division are also located here.","\nSeries IV: Photographs and Audio Visual, 1902-1997, holds both audio and visual media used by the Children's Home Society of Florida in promoting their society as well as raising funds.","\nSeries V: Ledger and Scrapbooks, 1902-1978, includes miscellaneous ledger and scrapbooks created by the Children's Home Society of Florida. The ledger books vary in format but are generally are either inventory or accounting in nature. The scrapbooks are made up of five volumes, all created by workers at the Children's Home Society of Florida. News clippings make up the majority of the scrapbooks contents but some do contain publications made by the Children's Home Society of Florida. There are also four Rose Keller Home scrapbooks made by workers at the Rose Keller Division in Lakeland, Florida. The Rose Keller Home scrapbooks give a brief history of the division as well as chronicle events at the home.","\nSeries VI: Additional Materials, 1862-2012, holds additional materials received from the Children's Home Society of Florida including organizational files, ephemera, photographs and audio/visual materials."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Copyright Statement"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_116bbdee47170dbab5d0053b5cc9d529\"\u003eThe Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains organizational papers and ephemera that document the creation and operations of Florida's oldest non-profit adoption agency. The collection includes organizational papers from its state and local divisions, photographs, news clippings, audio and visual media, scrapbooks, and blueprints of the many receiving homes in the state, but does not contain adoption records. Adoption records remain at the CHSFL Adoption Archive and are available by contacting the society directly.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Children's Home Society of Florida Collection contains organizational papers and ephemera that document the creation and operations of Florida's oldest non-profit adoption agency. The collection includes organizational papers from its state and local divisions, photographs, news clippings, audio and visual media, scrapbooks, and blueprints of the many receiving homes in the state, but does not contain adoption records. Adoption records remain at the CHSFL Adoption Archive and are available by contacting the society directly."],"names_coll_ssim":["Florida. Department of Children and Families","Child Welfare League of America","Florida. State Board of Public Welfare"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Children's Home Society of Florida","Florida. Department of Children and Families","Child Welfare League of America","Florida. State Board of Public Welfare"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Children's Home Society of Florida","Florida. Department of Children and Families","Child Welfare League of America","Florida. State Board of Public Welfare"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1225,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870857973089173504,"_root_":"f98896827f16d52b3168e472","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:06:38.475Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/f98896827f16d52b3168e472_aspace_1c294b35bfc29deac79ab29b25010138"}},{"id":"e9b679c8ef2471d028ea2a70_aspace_0787db98be4c2b8dfd682e42d2fdf722","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Enclosures/Correspondence, 1912-2001","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/e9b679c8ef2471d028ea2a70_aspace_0787db98be4c2b8dfd682e42d2fdf722#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains correspondence letters between Arvilla J. Catharine and Dave Nelson (Archival Assistant) in regard to the Norman Conway Benson collection. Such correspondences include descriptions of the scrapbooks that are enclosed in the collection, as well as the identification of initially unidentifiable individuals in photos.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/e9b679c8ef2471d028ea2a70_aspace_0787db98be4c2b8dfd682e42d2fdf722#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_0787db98be4c2b8dfd682e42d2fdf722","ref_ssm":["aspace_0787db98be4c2b8dfd682e42d2fdf722","aspace_0787db98be4c2b8dfd682e42d2fdf722"],"id":"e9b679c8ef2471d028ea2a70_aspace_0787db98be4c2b8dfd682e42d2fdf722","title_filing_ssi":"Enclosures/Correspondence","title_ssm":["Enclosures/Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Enclosures/Correspondence"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1912-2001"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1912-2001"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Enclosures/Correspondence, 1912-2001"],"text":["Enclosures/Correspondence, 1912-2001","Norman Conway Benson collection, 1943-1947, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19","001","/repositories/10/archival_objects/179469","00.0101 - Box 1","folder 001","This folder contains correspondence letters between Arvilla J. Catharine and Dave Nelson (Archival Assistant) in regard to the Norman Conway Benson collection. Such correspondences include descriptions of the scrapbooks that are enclosed in the collection, as well as the identification of initially unidentifiable individuals in photos."],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["e9b679c8ef2471d028ea2a70"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Norman Conway Benson collection, 1943-1947, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Norman Conway Benson collection, 1943-1947, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["001","/repositories/10/archival_objects/179469"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Norman Conway Benson collection, 1943-1947, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"date_range_isim":[1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001],"containers_ssim":["00.0101 - Box 1","folder 001"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains correspondence letters between Arvilla J. Catharine and Dave Nelson (Archival Assistant) in regard to the Norman Conway Benson collection. Such correspondences include descriptions of the scrapbooks that are enclosed in the collection, as well as the identification of initially unidentifiable individuals in photos.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This folder contains correspondence letters between Arvilla J. Catharine and Dave Nelson (Archival Assistant) in regard to the Norman Conway Benson collection. Such correspondences include descriptions of the scrapbooks that are enclosed in the collection, as well as the identification of initially unidentifiable individuals in photos."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","_nest_parent_":"e9b679c8ef2471d028ea2a70","_root_":"e9b679c8ef2471d028ea2a70","timestamp":"2026-04-21T05:35:55.966Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"e9b679c8ef2471d028ea2a70","title_filing_ssi":"Benson, Norman Conway Collection","title_ssm":["Norman Conway Benson collection"],"title_tesim":["Norman Conway Benson collection"],"ead_ssi":"e9b679c8ef2471d028ea2a70","unitdate_ssm":["1943-1947","Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1943-1947"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["00.0101","/repositories/10/resources/1508"],"text":["00.0101","/repositories/10/resources/1508","Norman Conway Benson collection, 1943-1947, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19","Hollandia (Netherlands New Guinea)","World War, 1939-1945--Philippines","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Philippines--Luzon","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Philippines--Manila","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--New Guinea","This collection is open to all researchers.","Norman Conway Benson was born on November 20, 1924 in Iron Mountain, Michigan to Delbert Benson and Lillian Benson. He grew up in Iron Mountain, MI. Benson was drafted into the U.S. Army in 1944 as a Technician 5th Grade and served with Company A, 1st Battalion, General Headquarters, United States Army Forces Pacific in the Philippine Islands (PTO) in 1944 and 1946. Benson received his Honorable Discharge on January 18, 1946. After his service, Benson returned to the upper Peninsula of Michigan and attended college at the Michigan College of Mining and Technology in Houghton, where he received a degree in engineering. He worked for Ford Motor Company and then Westinghouse in Lima, Ohio, where he was living during his retirement. Benson married his second wife, Yolanda Benson and moved to Texas until his death. Benson passed away on Decemamber 22, 1994 in El Paso, TX.","This collection relates to Technician 5th Grade Norman Conway Benson who served with Company A, 1st Battalion, General Headquarters, United States Army Forces Pacific during World War II. The collection includes the contents of two scrapbooks, letters, government and identification information, and additional photographs during Norman Conway Benson's time serving the Army in the Philippines in 1944 and 1946. The letters and photographs originate from Norman Conway Benson's family, friends, and wartime girlfriend, Barbara Louise Howard. Photographs in the collection include family, friends, and Benson's time spent in the Philippines, Leyte, Luzon, Hollandia, New Guinea, and Canada. Additional identification information of Benson's mother, Lillian Benson is included in the collection.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Benson, Norman Conway, 1924-1994","MacArthur, Douglas, 1880-1964","English"],"unitid_tesim":["00.0101","/repositories/10/resources/1508"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1943-1947, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Norman Conway Benson collection, 1943-1947, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"collection_title_tesim":["Norman Conway Benson collection, 1943-1947, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"collection_ssim":["Norman Conway Benson collection, 1943-1947, Date accessioned: 2019-09-19"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Hollandia (Netherlands New Guinea)"],"geogname_ssim":["Hollandia (Netherlands New Guinea)"],"creator_ssm":["Benson, Norman Conway, 1924-1994"],"creator_ssim":["Benson, Norman Conway, 1924-1994"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Benson, Norman Conway, 1924-1994"],"creators_ssim":["Benson, Norman Conway, 1924-1994"],"places_ssim":["Hollandia (Netherlands New Guinea)"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--Philippines","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Philippines--Luzon","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Philippines--Manila","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--New Guinea"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945--Philippines","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Philippines--Luzon","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Philippines--Manila","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--New Guinea"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".75 Linear Feet 1 half box and 1 quarter box"],"extent_tesim":[".75 Linear Feet 1 half box and 1 quarter box"],"date_range_isim":[1943,1944,1945,1946,1947],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNorman Conway Benson was born on November 20, 1924 in Iron Mountain, Michigan to Delbert Benson and Lillian Benson. He grew up in Iron Mountain, MI. Benson was drafted into the U.S. Army in 1944 as a Technician 5th Grade and served with Company A, 1st Battalion, General Headquarters, United States Army Forces Pacific in the Philippine Islands (PTO) in 1944 and 1946. Benson received his Honorable Discharge on January 18, 1946. After his service, Benson returned to the upper Peninsula of Michigan and attended college at the Michigan College of Mining and Technology in Houghton, where he received a degree in engineering. He worked for Ford Motor Company and then Westinghouse in Lima, Ohio, where he was living during his retirement. Benson married his second wife, Yolanda Benson and moved to Texas until his death. Benson passed away on Decemamber 22, 1994 in El Paso, TX.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Norman Conway Benson was born on November 20, 1924 in Iron Mountain, Michigan to Delbert Benson and Lillian Benson. He grew up in Iron Mountain, MI. Benson was drafted into the U.S. Army in 1944 as a Technician 5th Grade and served with Company A, 1st Battalion, General Headquarters, United States Army Forces Pacific in the Philippine Islands (PTO) in 1944 and 1946. Benson received his Honorable Discharge on January 18, 1946. After his service, Benson returned to the upper Peninsula of Michigan and attended college at the Michigan College of Mining and Technology in Houghton, where he received a degree in engineering. He worked for Ford Motor Company and then Westinghouse in Lima, Ohio, where he was living during his retirement. Benson married his second wife, Yolanda Benson and moved to Texas until his death. Benson passed away on Decemamber 22, 1994 in El Paso, TX."],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Norman Conway Benson collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_00_0001\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_00_0001\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Norman Conway Benson collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_00_0001"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Technician 5th Grade Norman Conway Benson who served with Company A, 1st Battalion, General Headquarters, United States Army Forces Pacific during World War II. The collection includes the contents of two scrapbooks, letters, government and identification information, and additional photographs during Norman Conway Benson's time serving the Army in the Philippines in 1944 and 1946. The letters and photographs originate from Norman Conway Benson's family, friends, and wartime girlfriend, Barbara Louise Howard. Photographs in the collection include family, friends, and Benson's time spent in the Philippines, Leyte, Luzon, Hollandia, New Guinea, and Canada. Additional identification information of Benson's mother, Lillian Benson is included in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to Technician 5th Grade Norman Conway Benson who served with Company A, 1st Battalion, General Headquarters, United States Army Forces Pacific during World War II. The collection includes the contents of two scrapbooks, letters, government and identification information, and additional photographs during Norman Conway Benson's time serving the Army in the Philippines in 1944 and 1946. The letters and photographs originate from Norman Conway Benson's family, friends, and wartime girlfriend, Barbara Louise Howard. Photographs in the collection include family, friends, and Benson's time spent in the Philippines, Leyte, Luzon, Hollandia, New Guinea, and Canada. Additional identification information of Benson's mother, Lillian Benson is included in the collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Benson, Norman Conway, 1924-1994","MacArthur, Douglas, 1880-1964"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["MacArthur, Douglas, 1880-1964"],"persname_ssim":["Benson, Norman Conway, 1924-1994","MacArthur, Douglas, 1880-1964"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":24,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"e9b679c8ef2471d028ea2a70","timestamp":"2026-04-21T05:35:55.966Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/e9b679c8ef2471d028ea2a70_aspace_0787db98be4c2b8dfd682e42d2fdf722"}},{"id":"8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f_aspace_60ff4eae276ef16963844b0fd56711de","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Engineering Financial Statements, 1914","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f_aspace_60ff4eae276ef16963844b0fd56711de#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_60ff4eae276ef16963844b0fd56711de","ref_ssm":["aspace_60ff4eae276ef16963844b0fd56711de","aspace_60ff4eae276ef16963844b0fd56711de"],"id":"8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f_aspace_60ff4eae276ef16963844b0fd56711de","title_filing_ssi":"Engineering Financial Statements","title_ssm":["Engineering Financial Statements"],"title_tesim":["Engineering Financial Statements"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1914"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1914"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Engineering Financial Statements, 1914"],"text":["Engineering Financial Statements, 1914","Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987","Financial Records","Ledger and Miscellaneous Records, bulk 1907-1959","Folder 2","/repositories/2/archival_objects/158090","box 222","folder 2"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f","8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f_aspace_185606","8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f_aspace_be07c3b013f1bd2a4ec2c5b4bd5b8ea7"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987","Financial Records","Ledger and Miscellaneous Records, bulk 1907-1959"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987","Financial Records","Ledger and Miscellaneous Records, bulk 1907-1959"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Box"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 2","/repositories/2/archival_objects/158090"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":893,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/for more information."],"date_range_isim":[1914],"containers_ssim":["box 222","folder 2"],"_nest_path_":"/components#5/components#67/components#1","_nest_parent_":"8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f_aspace_be07c3b013f1bd2a4ec2c5b4bd5b8ea7","_root_":"8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f","_version_":1875301659078295552,"timestamp":"2026-09-03T09:17:07.659Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f","title_ssm":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection"],"title_tesim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection"],"ead_ssi":"8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f","unitdate_ssm":["1902-2007","1902-1987","Date acquired: 00/00/1989"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1902-1987"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1902-2007"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 00/00/1989"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-1989-02","/repositories/2/resources/542"],"text":["MS-1989-02","/repositories/2/resources/542","Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987","Tampa (Fla.) -- History","Cigar industry -- Florida -- Tampa","Cuba -- Relations -- Florida -- Tampa","Clubs -- Florida -- Tampa","Tampa (Fla.) -- Social life and customs","Playbills -- Florida -- Tampa","The Centro Asturiano de Tampa Collection is arranged into series according to subject. These include organizational, financial, ephemera, artifacts, photographs, and media. Records are arranged chronologically within each series. Boxes 159-243 contain financial records.","When Spanish immigrants came to Tampa in the 1890s, they brought with them the idea of the mutual aid society, a voluntary association or club that pooled resources to provide members with a variety of social, cultural, and economic benefits.  The first such club established in Tampa was the Centro Español, founded in 1891. The Centro Asturiano began in 1902 when a group of members seceded from the Centro Español to create a club that included healthcare.  Named for the northwest Spanish region of Asturias from which many of the founding members had come, the new society was chartered as a branch of the Centro Asturiano de Habana, and was known for decades as the \"Tampa Delegation\" of the Cuban organization.","On January 22, 1909, the club dedicated a handsome red brick building, which cost $75,000.  When fire destroyed the building in 1912, club members voted to build an even larger and more impressive facility. This columned, neoclassical building, which the  Tampa Morning Tribune  called \"the most beautiful building in the South,\" opened in 1914 at a cost of $110,000. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974 and retains its stature as one of the most outstanding structures in Tampa's Ybor City historic district. The club's cantina provided a pleasant atmosphere for members to spend their leisure time, a place to talk, play dominos, and smoke a cigar.  The palatial ballroom was the scene of glittering social affairs, balls, tea dances, and other activities. A space was set aside for a library and gymnasium as well to promote the club's mission of education, good health and the general well-being of its members. The Centro's building served as a center of social and cultural life for its community and is still owned by the club to this day.","A central part of club life was the building's elaborate theatre.  In its heyday, the Centro theatre was the venue for plays, operas, musicals, and other performances featuring both local talent and well-known Cuban, Spanish, and Italian entertainers who made Ybor City part of their tours. During the depression years of the 1930s, the Spanish language unit of the WPA Federal Theatre presented performances in the Centro's theatre, which was also used for cigar labor union meetings and other events.","The largest of all the Tampa fraternal clubs, the Centro expanded and flourished in the early decades of the twentieth century, due in large part to its acceptance of members from various ethnicities and its medical facilities. Following World War II however, membership gradually declined as economic and demographic changes eroded the cigar-making immigrant community.  Many of the services offered by the club either became functions of government agencies or were too expensive to maintain, lessening the advantages of membership. With the assimilation of its traditional membership base into the general population, the club was no longer the center of the cohesive ethnic community it once served. Despite adversity, the Centro Asturiano has endured, serving as an icon of heritage to descendants of the Spanish immigrants who played such a significant role in the development of modern Tampa.","Note written by Paul Camp, 2006; Joe Tamargo, 2011.","Centro Asturiano De Tampa Membership Records Photograph Collection . Tampa, Florida: University of South Florida Libraries, 2003.","Centro Asturiano Library Collection,  Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","Centro Español De Tampa Collection , USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Cuban Club Records , USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","The Centro Asturiano de Tampa Collection consists of club and hospital records, meeting minutes, photographs, ephemera, zarzuelas, playbills, financial records, memorias, and cemetery records. Artifacts include flags, trophies, printing plates, and various other items related to the club.","None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/for more information.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Centro Asturiano de Tampa","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-1989-02","/repositories/2/resources/542"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987"],"collection_title_tesim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987"],"collection_ssim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Tampa (Fla.) -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Tampa (Fla.) -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa"],"creator_ssim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa"],"creators_ssim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa"],"places_ssim":["Tampa (Fla.) -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa","Donation"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Cigar industry -- Florida -- Tampa","Cuba -- Relations -- Florida -- Tampa","Clubs -- Florida -- Tampa","Tampa (Fla.) -- Social life and customs","Playbills -- Florida -- Tampa"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Cigar industry -- Florida -- Tampa","Cuba -- Relations -- Florida -- Tampa","Clubs -- Florida -- Tampa","Tampa (Fla.) -- Social life and customs","Playbills -- Florida -- Tampa"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["164.7 Linear Feet","241 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["164.7 Linear Feet","241 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Playbills -- Florida -- Tampa"],"date_range_isim":[1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Centro Asturiano de Tampa Collection is arranged into series according to subject. These include organizational, financial, ephemera, artifacts, photographs, and media. Records are arranged chronologically within each series. Boxes 159-243 contain financial records.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Centro Asturiano de Tampa Collection is arranged into series according to subject. These include organizational, financial, ephemera, artifacts, photographs, and media. Records are arranged chronologically within each series. Boxes 159-243 contain financial records."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWhen Spanish immigrants came to Tampa in the 1890s, they brought with them the idea of the mutual aid society, a voluntary association or club that pooled resources to provide members with a variety of social, cultural, and economic benefits.  The first such club established in Tampa was the Centro Espa\u0026#xF1;ol, founded in 1891. The Centro Asturiano began in 1902 when a group of members seceded from the Centro Espa\u0026#xF1;ol to create a club that included healthcare.  Named for the northwest Spanish region of Asturias from which many of the founding members had come, the new society was chartered as a branch of the Centro Asturiano de Habana, and was known for decades as the \"Tampa Delegation\" of the Cuban organization.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn January 22, 1909, the club dedicated a handsome red brick building, which cost $75,000.  When fire destroyed the building in 1912, club members voted to build an even larger and more impressive facility. This columned, neoclassical building, which the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTampa Morning Tribune\u003c/emph\u003e called \"the most beautiful building in the South,\" opened in 1914 at a cost of $110,000. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974 and retains its stature as one of the most outstanding structures in Tampa's Ybor City historic district. The club's cantina provided a pleasant atmosphere for members to spend their leisure time, a place to talk, play dominos, and smoke a cigar.  The palatial ballroom was the scene of glittering social affairs, balls, tea dances, and other activities. A space was set aside for a library and gymnasium as well to promote the club's mission of education, good health and the general well-being of its members. The Centro's building served as a center of social and cultural life for its community and is still owned by the club to this day.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA central part of club life was the building's elaborate theatre.  In its heyday, the Centro theatre was the venue for plays, operas, musicals, and other performances featuring both local talent and well-known Cuban, Spanish, and Italian entertainers who made Ybor City part of their tours. During the depression years of the 1930s, the Spanish language unit of the WPA Federal Theatre presented performances in the Centro's theatre, which was also used for cigar labor union meetings and other events.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe largest of all the Tampa fraternal clubs, the Centro expanded and flourished in the early decades of the twentieth century, due in large part to its acceptance of members from various ethnicities and its medical facilities. Following World War II however, membership gradually declined as economic and demographic changes eroded the cigar-making immigrant community.  Many of the services offered by the club either became functions of government agencies or were too expensive to maintain, lessening the advantages of membership. With the assimilation of its traditional membership base into the general population, the club was no longer the center of the cohesive ethnic community it once served. Despite adversity, the Centro Asturiano has endured, serving as an icon of heritage to descendants of the Spanish immigrants who played such a significant role in the development of modern Tampa.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Paul Camp, 2006; Joe Tamargo, 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["When Spanish immigrants came to Tampa in the 1890s, they brought with them the idea of the mutual aid society, a voluntary association or club that pooled resources to provide members with a variety of social, cultural, and economic benefits.  The first such club established in Tampa was the Centro Español, founded in 1891. The Centro Asturiano began in 1902 when a group of members seceded from the Centro Español to create a club that included healthcare.  Named for the northwest Spanish region of Asturias from which many of the founding members had come, the new society was chartered as a branch of the Centro Asturiano de Habana, and was known for decades as the \"Tampa Delegation\" of the Cuban organization.","On January 22, 1909, the club dedicated a handsome red brick building, which cost $75,000.  When fire destroyed the building in 1912, club members voted to build an even larger and more impressive facility. This columned, neoclassical building, which the  Tampa Morning Tribune  called \"the most beautiful building in the South,\" opened in 1914 at a cost of $110,000. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974 and retains its stature as one of the most outstanding structures in Tampa's Ybor City historic district. The club's cantina provided a pleasant atmosphere for members to spend their leisure time, a place to talk, play dominos, and smoke a cigar.  The palatial ballroom was the scene of glittering social affairs, balls, tea dances, and other activities. A space was set aside for a library and gymnasium as well to promote the club's mission of education, good health and the general well-being of its members. The Centro's building served as a center of social and cultural life for its community and is still owned by the club to this day.","A central part of club life was the building's elaborate theatre.  In its heyday, the Centro theatre was the venue for plays, operas, musicals, and other performances featuring both local talent and well-known Cuban, Spanish, and Italian entertainers who made Ybor City part of their tours. During the depression years of the 1930s, the Spanish language unit of the WPA Federal Theatre presented performances in the Centro's theatre, which was also used for cigar labor union meetings and other events.","The largest of all the Tampa fraternal clubs, the Centro expanded and flourished in the early decades of the twentieth century, due in large part to its acceptance of members from various ethnicities and its medical facilities. Following World War II however, membership gradually declined as economic and demographic changes eroded the cigar-making immigrant community.  Many of the services offered by the club either became functions of government agencies or were too expensive to maintain, lessening the advantages of membership. With the assimilation of its traditional membership base into the general population, the club was no longer the center of the cohesive ethnic community it once served. Despite adversity, the Centro Asturiano has endured, serving as an icon of heritage to descendants of the Spanish immigrants who played such a significant role in the development of modern Tampa.","Note written by Paul Camp, 2006; Joe Tamargo, 2011."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCentro Asturiano de Tampa collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCentro Asturiano De Tampa Membership Records Photograph Collection\u003c/emph\u003e. Tampa, Florida: University of South Florida Libraries, 2003.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCentro Asturiano Library Collection,\u003c/emph\u003e Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCentro Espan\u0026#x303;ol De Tampa Collection\u003c/emph\u003e, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCuban Club Records\u003c/emph\u003e, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Centro Asturiano De Tampa Membership Records Photograph Collection . Tampa, Florida: University of South Florida Libraries, 2003.","Centro Asturiano Library Collection,  Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","Centro Español De Tampa Collection , USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Cuban Club Records , USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Centro Asturiano de Tampa Collection consists of club and hospital records, meeting minutes, photographs, ephemera, zarzuelas, playbills, financial records, memorias, and cemetery records. Artifacts include flags, trophies, printing plates, and various other items related to the club.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Centro Asturiano de Tampa Collection consists of club and hospital records, meeting minutes, photographs, ephemera, zarzuelas, playbills, financial records, memorias, and cemetery records. Artifacts include flags, trophies, printing plates, and various other items related to the club."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa"],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Centro Asturiano de Tampa"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Centro Asturiano de Tampa"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1038,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1875301659078295552,"_root_":"8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f","timestamp":"2026-09-03T09:17:07.659Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f_aspace_60ff4eae276ef16963844b0fd56711de"}},{"id":"44c08036102c8e8f97ad1e05_aspace_e4899c4c88d6dcdaff9a3956e5014159","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Ephemera, 1914-1954","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/44c08036102c8e8f97ad1e05_aspace_e4899c4c88d6dcdaff9a3956e5014159#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_e4899c4c88d6dcdaff9a3956e5014159","ref_ssm":["aspace_e4899c4c88d6dcdaff9a3956e5014159","aspace_e4899c4c88d6dcdaff9a3956e5014159"],"id":"44c08036102c8e8f97ad1e05_aspace_e4899c4c88d6dcdaff9a3956e5014159","title_filing_ssi":"Ephemera","title_ssm":["Ephemera"],"title_tesim":["Ephemera"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1914-1954"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1914-1954"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ephemera, 1914-1954"],"text":["Ephemera, 1914-1954","Waverly Growers Association Collection, 1921-1994, 2000","Box 8","Supplies","/repositories/3/archival_objects/13941","folder 2","folder 3"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["44c08036102c8e8f97ad1e05","44c08036102c8e8f97ad1e05_aspace_ad1323de225fe5f03e7e9b0d6815d005","44c08036102c8e8f97ad1e05_aspace_36fea05a8dc1e306a2dc0edd996bb7b2"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Waverly Growers Association Collection, 1921-1994, 2000","Box 8","Supplies"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Waverly Growers Association Collection, 1921-1994, 2000","Box 8","Supplies"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Box","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/3/archival_objects/13941"],"repository_ssim":["Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Waverly Growers Association Collection, 1921-1994, 2000"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":167,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no restrictions on this collection. It is available for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Copyright has been transferred to the college. Permission to publish material must be obtained\nfrom Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center or the appropriate copyright holder.\nPlease inquire if you have questions."],"date_range_isim":[1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954],"containers_ssim":["folder 2","folder 3"],"_nest_path_":"/components#7/components#0/components#1","_nest_parent_":"44c08036102c8e8f97ad1e05_aspace_36fea05a8dc1e306a2dc0edd996bb7b2","_root_":"44c08036102c8e8f97ad1e05","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:35:14.978Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"44c08036102c8e8f97ad1e05","title_ssm":["Waverly Growers Association Collection"],"title_tesim":["Waverly Growers Association Collection"],"ead_ssi":"44c08036102c8e8f97ad1e05","unitdate_ssm":["1921-1994","2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1921-1994"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["CIT3065","/repositories/3/resources/76"],"text":["CIT3065","/repositories/3/resources/76","Waverly Growers Association Collection, 1921-1994, 2000","Citrus fruit industry--Florida--History--20th century","Agricultural cooperatives--Florida--History.","Citrus growers--Florida--History.","Packinghouses--Florida--History.","Citrus fruits--Marketing--History.","World War, 1939-1945--Economic aspects--Florida.","Pedersen, W. L. (W. C. \"Bill\")--Archives.","Morton, James C.--Archives.","Photographs.","Scrapbooks.","There are no restrictions on this collection. It is available for research.","Waverly Growers Association was an agriculturally based cooperative. It was a grower-owned\nfresh citrus cooperative offering members grove care, harvesting, packing services, and\nmarketing.\nFounded in 1914 by a group of local growers led by Charles Hillery Walker and Danish\nimmigrant W.L. Pedersen, the cooperative was originally called Waverly Citrus Growers'\nAssociation until the name was changed in 1936 to Waverly Growers Cooperative. It was in\ncontinuous operation between 1915 and 2005 and managed by grower-members. This\nincluded fertilizing, cultivating, spraying, irrigating, picking, trimming, and replacing trees.\nWaverly began operation in 1915 in Waverly, Florida and shipped citrus fruit to markets in the\nUnited States and Canada under brands including Waverly, Waverly Famous, Huntsman,\nPepper, and Seald-Pep. In 2005 it closed its packinghouse and merged into Florida Natural.","The Waverly records include Office Files about day-to-day business mostly between 1930\nand 1950's. Of special note are the files from the WWII years discussing rationed items.\nJames C. Morton (JCM) was an operations director, and his files date mostly in the 1950's\nand are about fruit. Operations and Supply files include documents about running and\nsupplying the Waverly complex. The Membership newsletters are dated 1937 and 1938, then\njump to 1957 and run until 1977. Files from Audio-Visual materials include scrapbooks,\nphotographs, and negatives. The first scrapbook includes images for a retirement party for\nW.C. \"Bill\" Pedersen. Bill Pedersen created the Waverly Welcome House (photographs), a rest\narea and spot for tourists to learn about citrus growing, while purchasing fruit. The Welcome\nHouse was located between Cypress Gardens and Bok Singing Tower, along Route No. 540 in\ncentral Florida. The second scrapbook, includes, clippings, documents and photographs of\npeople and places around the compound","Copyright has been transferred to the college. Permission to publish material must be obtained\nfrom Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center or the appropriate copyright holder.\nPlease inquire if you have questions.","Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["CIT3065","/repositories/3/resources/76"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1921-1994, 2000"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Waverly Growers Association Collection, 1921-1994, 2000"],"collection_title_tesim":["Waverly Growers Association Collection, 1921-1994, 2000"],"collection_ssim":["Waverly Growers Association Collection, 1921-1994, 2000"],"repository_ssm":["Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright has been transferred to the college. Permission to publish material must be obtained\nfrom Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center or the appropriate copyright holder.\nPlease inquire if you have questions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["N. Perry Hansen, Executive Vice President for Waverly Growers Cooperative donated the\nrecords to the Citrus Institute of Florida Southern College (Professor Tom Mack) in 1995. They\nwere transferred to the McKay Archives in 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Citrus fruit industry--Florida--History--20th century","Agricultural cooperatives--Florida--History.","Citrus growers--Florida--History.","Packinghouses--Florida--History.","Citrus fruits--Marketing--History.","World War, 1939-1945--Economic aspects--Florida.","Pedersen, W. L. (W. C. \"Bill\")--Archives.","Morton, James C.--Archives.","Photographs.","Scrapbooks."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Citrus fruit industry--Florida--History--20th century","Agricultural cooperatives--Florida--History.","Citrus growers--Florida--History.","Packinghouses--Florida--History.","Citrus fruits--Marketing--History.","World War, 1939-1945--Economic aspects--Florida.","Pedersen, W. L. (W. C. \"Bill\")--Archives.","Morton, James C.--Archives.","Photographs.","Scrapbooks."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["5 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs.","Scrapbooks."],"date_range_isim":[1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on this collection. It is available for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on this collection. It is available for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWaverly Growers Association was an agriculturally based cooperative. It was a grower-owned\nfresh citrus cooperative offering members grove care, harvesting, packing services, and\nmarketing.\nFounded in 1914 by a group of local growers led by Charles Hillery Walker and Danish\nimmigrant W.L. Pedersen, the cooperative was originally called Waverly Citrus Growers'\nAssociation until the name was changed in 1936 to Waverly Growers Cooperative. It was in\ncontinuous operation between 1915 and 2005 and managed by grower-members. This\nincluded fertilizing, cultivating, spraying, irrigating, picking, trimming, and replacing trees.\nWaverly began operation in 1915 in Waverly, Florida and shipped citrus fruit to markets in the\nUnited States and Canada under brands including Waverly, Waverly Famous, Huntsman,\nPepper, and Seald-Pep. In 2005 it closed its packinghouse and merged into Florida Natural.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Waverly Growers Association was an agriculturally based cooperative. It was a grower-owned\nfresh citrus cooperative offering members grove care, harvesting, packing services, and\nmarketing.\nFounded in 1914 by a group of local growers led by Charles Hillery Walker and Danish\nimmigrant W.L. Pedersen, the cooperative was originally called Waverly Citrus Growers'\nAssociation until the name was changed in 1936 to Waverly Growers Cooperative. It was in\ncontinuous operation between 1915 and 2005 and managed by grower-members. This\nincluded fertilizing, cultivating, spraying, irrigating, picking, trimming, and replacing trees.\nWaverly began operation in 1915 in Waverly, Florida and shipped citrus fruit to markets in the\nUnited States and Canada under brands including Waverly, Waverly Famous, Huntsman,\nPepper, and Seald-Pep. In 2005 it closed its packinghouse and merged into Florida Natural."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Waverly records include Office Files about day-to-day business mostly between 1930\nand 1950's. Of special note are the files from the WWII years discussing rationed items.\nJames C. Morton (JCM) was an operations director, and his files date mostly in the 1950's\nand are about fruit. Operations and Supply files include documents about running and\nsupplying the Waverly complex. The Membership newsletters are dated 1937 and 1938, then\njump to 1957 and run until 1977. Files from Audio-Visual materials include scrapbooks,\nphotographs, and negatives. The first scrapbook includes images for a retirement party for\nW.C. \"Bill\" Pedersen. Bill Pedersen created the Waverly Welcome House (photographs), a rest\narea and spot for tourists to learn about citrus growing, while purchasing fruit. The Welcome\nHouse was located between Cypress Gardens and Bok Singing Tower, along Route No. 540 in\ncentral Florida. The second scrapbook, includes, clippings, documents and photographs of\npeople and places around the compound\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Waverly records include Office Files about day-to-day business mostly between 1930\nand 1950's. Of special note are the files from the WWII years discussing rationed items.\nJames C. Morton (JCM) was an operations director, and his files date mostly in the 1950's\nand are about fruit. Operations and Supply files include documents about running and\nsupplying the Waverly complex. The Membership newsletters are dated 1937 and 1938, then\njump to 1957 and run until 1977. Files from Audio-Visual materials include scrapbooks,\nphotographs, and negatives. The first scrapbook includes images for a retirement party for\nW.C. \"Bill\" Pedersen. Bill Pedersen created the Waverly Welcome House (photographs), a rest\narea and spot for tourists to learn about citrus growing, while purchasing fruit. The Welcome\nHouse was located between Cypress Gardens and Bok Singing Tower, along Route No. 540 in\ncentral Florida. The second scrapbook, includes, clippings, documents and photographs of\npeople and places around the compound"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright has been transferred to the college. Permission to publish material must be obtained\nfrom Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center or the appropriate copyright holder.\nPlease inquire if you have questions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright has been transferred to the college. Permission to publish material must be obtained\nfrom Sarah D. and L. Kirk McKay, Jr. Archives Center or the appropriate copyright holder.\nPlease inquire if you have questions."],"names_ssim":["Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["Thomas B. Mack Florida Citrus Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":279,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"44c08036102c8e8f97ad1e05","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:35:14.978Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/44c08036102c8e8f97ad1e05_aspace_e4899c4c88d6dcdaff9a3956e5014159"}},{"id":"8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f_aspace_444f34b3a20c3ab570e0c29fe37f81d5","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Equipment, 1913-1914","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f_aspace_444f34b3a20c3ab570e0c29fe37f81d5#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_444f34b3a20c3ab570e0c29fe37f81d5","ref_ssm":["aspace_444f34b3a20c3ab570e0c29fe37f81d5","aspace_444f34b3a20c3ab570e0c29fe37f81d5"],"id":"8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f_aspace_444f34b3a20c3ab570e0c29fe37f81d5","title_filing_ssi":"Equipment","title_ssm":["Equipment"],"title_tesim":["Equipment"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1913-1914"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1913-1914"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Equipment, 1913-1914"],"text":["Equipment, 1913-1914","Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987","Financial Records","Financial Miscellaneous","Folder 7","/repositories/2/archival_objects/158300","box 227","folder 7"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f","8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f_aspace_185606","8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f_aspace_030f63ec72cf0f9ee9286d85201f1bce"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987","Financial Records","Financial Miscellaneous"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987","Financial Records","Financial Miscellaneous"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Box"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 7","/repositories/2/archival_objects/158300"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":946,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/for more information."],"date_range_isim":[1913,1914],"containers_ssim":["box 227","folder 7"],"_nest_path_":"/components#5/components#72/components#6","_nest_parent_":"8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f_aspace_030f63ec72cf0f9ee9286d85201f1bce","_root_":"8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f","_version_":1875301659078295552,"timestamp":"2026-09-03T09:17:07.659Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f","title_ssm":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection"],"title_tesim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection"],"ead_ssi":"8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f","unitdate_ssm":["1902-2007","1902-1987","Date acquired: 00/00/1989"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1902-1987"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1902-2007"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 00/00/1989"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-1989-02","/repositories/2/resources/542"],"text":["MS-1989-02","/repositories/2/resources/542","Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987","Tampa (Fla.) -- History","Cigar industry -- Florida -- Tampa","Cuba -- Relations -- Florida -- Tampa","Clubs -- Florida -- Tampa","Tampa (Fla.) -- Social life and customs","Playbills -- Florida -- Tampa","The Centro Asturiano de Tampa Collection is arranged into series according to subject. These include organizational, financial, ephemera, artifacts, photographs, and media. Records are arranged chronologically within each series. Boxes 159-243 contain financial records.","When Spanish immigrants came to Tampa in the 1890s, they brought with them the idea of the mutual aid society, a voluntary association or club that pooled resources to provide members with a variety of social, cultural, and economic benefits.  The first such club established in Tampa was the Centro Español, founded in 1891. The Centro Asturiano began in 1902 when a group of members seceded from the Centro Español to create a club that included healthcare.  Named for the northwest Spanish region of Asturias from which many of the founding members had come, the new society was chartered as a branch of the Centro Asturiano de Habana, and was known for decades as the \"Tampa Delegation\" of the Cuban organization.","On January 22, 1909, the club dedicated a handsome red brick building, which cost $75,000.  When fire destroyed the building in 1912, club members voted to build an even larger and more impressive facility. This columned, neoclassical building, which the  Tampa Morning Tribune  called \"the most beautiful building in the South,\" opened in 1914 at a cost of $110,000. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974 and retains its stature as one of the most outstanding structures in Tampa's Ybor City historic district. The club's cantina provided a pleasant atmosphere for members to spend their leisure time, a place to talk, play dominos, and smoke a cigar.  The palatial ballroom was the scene of glittering social affairs, balls, tea dances, and other activities. A space was set aside for a library and gymnasium as well to promote the club's mission of education, good health and the general well-being of its members. The Centro's building served as a center of social and cultural life for its community and is still owned by the club to this day.","A central part of club life was the building's elaborate theatre.  In its heyday, the Centro theatre was the venue for plays, operas, musicals, and other performances featuring both local talent and well-known Cuban, Spanish, and Italian entertainers who made Ybor City part of their tours. During the depression years of the 1930s, the Spanish language unit of the WPA Federal Theatre presented performances in the Centro's theatre, which was also used for cigar labor union meetings and other events.","The largest of all the Tampa fraternal clubs, the Centro expanded and flourished in the early decades of the twentieth century, due in large part to its acceptance of members from various ethnicities and its medical facilities. Following World War II however, membership gradually declined as economic and demographic changes eroded the cigar-making immigrant community.  Many of the services offered by the club either became functions of government agencies or were too expensive to maintain, lessening the advantages of membership. With the assimilation of its traditional membership base into the general population, the club was no longer the center of the cohesive ethnic community it once served. Despite adversity, the Centro Asturiano has endured, serving as an icon of heritage to descendants of the Spanish immigrants who played such a significant role in the development of modern Tampa.","Note written by Paul Camp, 2006; Joe Tamargo, 2011.","Centro Asturiano De Tampa Membership Records Photograph Collection . Tampa, Florida: University of South Florida Libraries, 2003.","Centro Asturiano Library Collection,  Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","Centro Español De Tampa Collection , USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Cuban Club Records , USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","The Centro Asturiano de Tampa Collection consists of club and hospital records, meeting minutes, photographs, ephemera, zarzuelas, playbills, financial records, memorias, and cemetery records. Artifacts include flags, trophies, printing plates, and various other items related to the club.","None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/for more information.","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Centro Asturiano de Tampa","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-1989-02","/repositories/2/resources/542"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987"],"collection_title_tesim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987"],"collection_ssim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, 1902-2007, Date acquired: 00/00/1989, bulk 1902-1987"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Tampa (Fla.) -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Tampa (Fla.) -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa"],"creator_ssim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa"],"creators_ssim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa"],"places_ssim":["Tampa (Fla.) -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa","Donation"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Cigar industry -- Florida -- Tampa","Cuba -- Relations -- Florida -- Tampa","Clubs -- Florida -- Tampa","Tampa (Fla.) -- Social life and customs","Playbills -- Florida -- Tampa"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Cigar industry -- Florida -- Tampa","Cuba -- Relations -- Florida -- Tampa","Clubs -- Florida -- Tampa","Tampa (Fla.) -- Social life and customs","Playbills -- Florida -- Tampa"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["164.7 Linear Feet","241 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["164.7 Linear Feet","241 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Playbills -- Florida -- Tampa"],"date_range_isim":[1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Centro Asturiano de Tampa Collection is arranged into series according to subject. These include organizational, financial, ephemera, artifacts, photographs, and media. Records are arranged chronologically within each series. Boxes 159-243 contain financial records.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Centro Asturiano de Tampa Collection is arranged into series according to subject. These include organizational, financial, ephemera, artifacts, photographs, and media. Records are arranged chronologically within each series. Boxes 159-243 contain financial records."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWhen Spanish immigrants came to Tampa in the 1890s, they brought with them the idea of the mutual aid society, a voluntary association or club that pooled resources to provide members with a variety of social, cultural, and economic benefits.  The first such club established in Tampa was the Centro Espa\u0026#xF1;ol, founded in 1891. The Centro Asturiano began in 1902 when a group of members seceded from the Centro Espa\u0026#xF1;ol to create a club that included healthcare.  Named for the northwest Spanish region of Asturias from which many of the founding members had come, the new society was chartered as a branch of the Centro Asturiano de Habana, and was known for decades as the \"Tampa Delegation\" of the Cuban organization.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn January 22, 1909, the club dedicated a handsome red brick building, which cost $75,000.  When fire destroyed the building in 1912, club members voted to build an even larger and more impressive facility. This columned, neoclassical building, which the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTampa Morning Tribune\u003c/emph\u003e called \"the most beautiful building in the South,\" opened in 1914 at a cost of $110,000. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974 and retains its stature as one of the most outstanding structures in Tampa's Ybor City historic district. The club's cantina provided a pleasant atmosphere for members to spend their leisure time, a place to talk, play dominos, and smoke a cigar.  The palatial ballroom was the scene of glittering social affairs, balls, tea dances, and other activities. A space was set aside for a library and gymnasium as well to promote the club's mission of education, good health and the general well-being of its members. The Centro's building served as a center of social and cultural life for its community and is still owned by the club to this day.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA central part of club life was the building's elaborate theatre.  In its heyday, the Centro theatre was the venue for plays, operas, musicals, and other performances featuring both local talent and well-known Cuban, Spanish, and Italian entertainers who made Ybor City part of their tours. During the depression years of the 1930s, the Spanish language unit of the WPA Federal Theatre presented performances in the Centro's theatre, which was also used for cigar labor union meetings and other events.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe largest of all the Tampa fraternal clubs, the Centro expanded and flourished in the early decades of the twentieth century, due in large part to its acceptance of members from various ethnicities and its medical facilities. Following World War II however, membership gradually declined as economic and demographic changes eroded the cigar-making immigrant community.  Many of the services offered by the club either became functions of government agencies or were too expensive to maintain, lessening the advantages of membership. With the assimilation of its traditional membership base into the general population, the club was no longer the center of the cohesive ethnic community it once served. Despite adversity, the Centro Asturiano has endured, serving as an icon of heritage to descendants of the Spanish immigrants who played such a significant role in the development of modern Tampa.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Paul Camp, 2006; Joe Tamargo, 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["When Spanish immigrants came to Tampa in the 1890s, they brought with them the idea of the mutual aid society, a voluntary association or club that pooled resources to provide members with a variety of social, cultural, and economic benefits.  The first such club established in Tampa was the Centro Español, founded in 1891. The Centro Asturiano began in 1902 when a group of members seceded from the Centro Español to create a club that included healthcare.  Named for the northwest Spanish region of Asturias from which many of the founding members had come, the new society was chartered as a branch of the Centro Asturiano de Habana, and was known for decades as the \"Tampa Delegation\" of the Cuban organization.","On January 22, 1909, the club dedicated a handsome red brick building, which cost $75,000.  When fire destroyed the building in 1912, club members voted to build an even larger and more impressive facility. This columned, neoclassical building, which the  Tampa Morning Tribune  called \"the most beautiful building in the South,\" opened in 1914 at a cost of $110,000. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974 and retains its stature as one of the most outstanding structures in Tampa's Ybor City historic district. The club's cantina provided a pleasant atmosphere for members to spend their leisure time, a place to talk, play dominos, and smoke a cigar.  The palatial ballroom was the scene of glittering social affairs, balls, tea dances, and other activities. A space was set aside for a library and gymnasium as well to promote the club's mission of education, good health and the general well-being of its members. The Centro's building served as a center of social and cultural life for its community and is still owned by the club to this day.","A central part of club life was the building's elaborate theatre.  In its heyday, the Centro theatre was the venue for plays, operas, musicals, and other performances featuring both local talent and well-known Cuban, Spanish, and Italian entertainers who made Ybor City part of their tours. During the depression years of the 1930s, the Spanish language unit of the WPA Federal Theatre presented performances in the Centro's theatre, which was also used for cigar labor union meetings and other events.","The largest of all the Tampa fraternal clubs, the Centro expanded and flourished in the early decades of the twentieth century, due in large part to its acceptance of members from various ethnicities and its medical facilities. Following World War II however, membership gradually declined as economic and demographic changes eroded the cigar-making immigrant community.  Many of the services offered by the club either became functions of government agencies or were too expensive to maintain, lessening the advantages of membership. With the assimilation of its traditional membership base into the general population, the club was no longer the center of the cohesive ethnic community it once served. Despite adversity, the Centro Asturiano has endured, serving as an icon of heritage to descendants of the Spanish immigrants who played such a significant role in the development of modern Tampa.","Note written by Paul Camp, 2006; Joe Tamargo, 2011."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCentro Asturiano de Tampa collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa collection, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCentro Asturiano De Tampa Membership Records Photograph Collection\u003c/emph\u003e. Tampa, Florida: University of South Florida Libraries, 2003.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCentro Asturiano Library Collection,\u003c/emph\u003e Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCentro Espan\u0026#x303;ol De Tampa Collection\u003c/emph\u003e, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCuban Club Records\u003c/emph\u003e, USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Centro Asturiano De Tampa Membership Records Photograph Collection . Tampa, Florida: University of South Florida Libraries, 2003.","Centro Asturiano Library Collection,  Special Collections Department, Tampa Library, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.","Centro Español De Tampa Collection , USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. ","Cuban Club Records , USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Centro Asturiano de Tampa Collection consists of club and hospital records, meeting minutes, photographs, ephemera, zarzuelas, playbills, financial records, memorias, and cemetery records. Artifacts include flags, trophies, printing plates, and various other items related to the club.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Centro Asturiano de Tampa Collection consists of club and hospital records, meeting minutes, photographs, ephemera, zarzuelas, playbills, financial records, memorias, and cemetery records. Artifacts include flags, trophies, printing plates, and various other items related to the club."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Centro Asturiano de Tampa"],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Centro Asturiano de Tampa"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Centro Asturiano de Tampa"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1038,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1875301659078295552,"_root_":"8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f","timestamp":"2026-09-03T09:17:07.659Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8b33a8c5177804a4b9511a5f_aspace_444f34b3a20c3ab570e0c29fe37f81d5"}},{"id":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378_aspace_5f8c8c6fe375b266ac376623bc69ff13","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Ernest Kalmus Official Documents, 1899-1962","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378_aspace_5f8c8c6fe375b266ac376623bc69ff13#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains official documents related to Ernest Kalmus, the last husband of Auguste \"Gusti\" Hasterlik who worked in New Mexico throughout the war. This includes his membership card for a medical organization in Vienna from 1925. It also includes his Austrian passport, which was issued on July 3, 1939 and includes \"Israel\" as his middle name. It also includes a small photograph of him. There is an official certificate from June 22, 1939, which certifies that he accepts \"Israel\" as his middle name. Additionally, there is his passport from the United States dated February 16, 1954; his certificate of naturalization from April 14, 1957. There is his birth certificate from September 22, 1899 and his graduation diploma from Vienna on July 5, 1922. There is correspondence from the American consulate in Vienna to Ernest about his attempts to obtain a visa. There are documents certifying his work at both American and Austria universities, in addition to a \"Heimatschein\" which certifies where he is from, issued on September 25, 1920. Finally, there are copies of his death certificate from June 19, 1962.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378_aspace_5f8c8c6fe375b266ac376623bc69ff13#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_5f8c8c6fe375b266ac376623bc69ff13","ref_ssm":["aspace_5f8c8c6fe375b266ac376623bc69ff13","aspace_5f8c8c6fe375b266ac376623bc69ff13"],"id":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378_aspace_5f8c8c6fe375b266ac376623bc69ff13","title_filing_ssi":"Ernest Kalmus Official Documents","title_ssm":["Ernest Kalmus Official Documents"],"title_tesim":["Ernest Kalmus Official Documents"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1899-1962"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1899-1962"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ernest Kalmus Official Documents, 1899-1962"],"text":["Ernest Kalmus Official Documents, 1899-1962","Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04","001","/repositories/10/archival_objects/180899","98.0729 Box 16","folder 001","This folder contains official documents related to Ernest Kalmus, the last husband of Auguste \"Gusti\" Hasterlik who worked in New Mexico throughout the war. This includes his membership card for a medical organization in Vienna from 1925. It also includes his Austrian passport, which was issued on July 3, 1939 and includes \"Israel\" as his middle name. It also includes a small photograph of him. There is an official certificate from June 22, 1939, which certifies that he accepts \"Israel\" as his middle name. Additionally, there is his passport from the United States dated February 16, 1954; his certificate of naturalization from April 14, 1957. There is his birth certificate from September 22, 1899 and his graduation diploma from Vienna on July 5, 1922. There is correspondence from the American consulate in Vienna to Ernest about his attempts to obtain a visa. There are documents certifying his work at both American and Austria universities, in addition to a \"Heimatschein\" which certifies where he is from, issued on September 25, 1920. Finally, there are copies of his death certificate from June 19, 1962."],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["001","/repositories/10/archival_objects/180899"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":161,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates."],"date_range_isim":[1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962],"containers_ssim":["98.0729 Box 16","folder 001"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains official documents related to Ernest Kalmus, the last husband of Auguste \"Gusti\" Hasterlik who worked in New Mexico throughout the war. This includes his membership card for a medical organization in Vienna from 1925. It also includes his Austrian passport, which was issued on July 3, 1939 and includes \"Israel\" as his middle name. It also includes a small photograph of him. There is an official certificate from June 22, 1939, which certifies that he accepts \"Israel\" as his middle name. Additionally, there is his passport from the United States dated February 16, 1954; his certificate of naturalization from April 14, 1957. There is his birth certificate from September 22, 1899 and his graduation diploma from Vienna on July 5, 1922. There is correspondence from the American consulate in Vienna to Ernest about his attempts to obtain a visa. There are documents certifying his work at both American and Austria universities, in addition to a \"Heimatschein\" which certifies where he is from, issued on September 25, 1920. Finally, there are copies of his death certificate from June 19, 1962.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This folder contains official documents related to Ernest Kalmus, the last husband of Auguste \"Gusti\" Hasterlik who worked in New Mexico throughout the war. This includes his membership card for a medical organization in Vienna from 1925. It also includes his Austrian passport, which was issued on July 3, 1939 and includes \"Israel\" as his middle name. It also includes a small photograph of him. There is an official certificate from June 22, 1939, which certifies that he accepts \"Israel\" as his middle name. Additionally, there is his passport from the United States dated February 16, 1954; his certificate of naturalization from April 14, 1957. There is his birth certificate from September 22, 1899 and his graduation diploma from Vienna on July 5, 1922. There is correspondence from the American consulate in Vienna to Ernest about his attempts to obtain a visa. There are documents certifying his work at both American and Austria universities, in addition to a \"Heimatschein\" which certifies where he is from, issued on September 25, 1920. Finally, there are copies of his death certificate from June 19, 1962."],"_nest_path_":"/components#160","_nest_parent_":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","_root_":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:46:35.829Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","title_filing_ssi":"Hasterlik-Hine collection","title_ssm":["Hasterlik-Hine collection"],"title_tesim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection"],"ead_ssi":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","unitdate_ssm":["1700-2000","Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1700-2000"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["98.0729","/repositories/10/resources/110"],"text":["98.0729","/repositories/10/resources/110","Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04","World War, 1939-1945","Jewish refugees--Germany--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--United States","World War, 1939-1945--Africa","World War, 1939-1945--Japan","World War, 1939-1945--Children","World War, 1939-1945--Censorship","World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--United States","United States--Race relations--History--20th century","Protestantism--20th century","Emigration and immigration","United States--Emigration and immigration--History--20th century","Formulas, recipes, etc.","New York World's Fair (1939-1940 : New York, N.Y.)","Burgtheater (Vienna, Austria)","Get-well cards","Children's drawings","Save the Children International Union","Poliomyelitis","Catholicism","Women--Employment--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Western Front","Nuns","Obstetrics","Child rearing in literature","Women--Employment--United States--History--20th century","Rationing","Diphtheria","V-J Day, 1945","Atomic bomb--History--20th century","Naturalization--United States","V-E Day, 1945","Theresienstadt (Concentration camp)","Switzerland--Social life and customs","Austria--History--Allied occupation, 1945-1955","United States--Social life and customs--1945-1970","Concentration Camps","World War, 1939-1945--Underground movements--Greece","Gurs (Concentration camp)","Education--Austria","Europe--Social conditions--20th century","United States--Social conditions--20th century","Africa--Race relations","Nuremberg War Crime Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, 1946-1949","Antisemitism","Infatuation","Kinderhilfswerk","Jews--Austria--Vienna--History","Scarcity","Gynecology","Personal correspondence","Postcards.","This collection is open to all researchers.","Giulia M. Kortischoner (married Hine) was born in Vienna, Austria on September 30, 1925 and passed away on June 16, 2015 in Boulder, Colorado.  \nOnly thirteen years old when World War II began, Giulia Koritschoner came of age in a time of uncertainty and chaos. Despite the context in which Giulia grew up, however, the letters of the Hasterlik-Hine collection demonstrate the fact that, for those on the home front, daily life often continued on as normal. Indeed, Giulia's correspondence throughout 1942 regularly includes cheerful greeting cards for holidays that are decorated with personalized drawings and beautiful calligraphy. These letters were sent from not only family members but also a vast array of friends and acquaintances that Giulia made throughout the war years. Giulia's letters to and from schoolmates portray scenes of growing up that remained largely unchanged even in times of war. This is particularly evident in Giulia's letters to and from Margaret Wolf, a friend from Schaffhausen who evolved from sending letters complaining about disliked teachers and unbearably boring school lessons to letters that explained her fears about graduating from school and having to enter the workforce. Giulia's own letters mirror this development, as she wrote to her family contemplating a variety of jobs, from a lab technician to a stenographer to a masseuse. Even in the midst of the war, the possibilities for the future seemed endless. \nYet, elements of the war do seep into many of the letters. Discussions of rationing figure prominently in much of Giulia's correspondence, as Ällägg Bechtold, a school friend from Schaffhausen, described how school was let out early in the spring because of a shortage of coal to keep students warm. Margaret Wolf complained that bakeries purposely sold old bread because it was thought that individuals would consume it more slowly than fresh bread. Even the letter that Giulia's school principal sent to her was written not on regular paper but rather on postcards that students were encouraged to fill with holiday greetings and send to soldiers in order to boost their morale. Many of Giulia's letters to and from her family during this time contain anxiety about Giulia's grandfather, Paul Hasterlik, who remained behind in Vienna while the rest of the family escaped. Although attempts were made to organize his passage to the United States, these efforts ultimately proved unsuccessful, and the letters reflect concerns about everything from whether Paul was able to find food to whether he was, in fact, actively being \"tormented.\" Although letters from Paul contained joy about Giulia's recovery from polio and excitement about her prospects for the future, he remained vague in descriptions of his own life, only briefly mentioning that he was forced to move to another apartment in Vienna. \nOther members of Giulia's family struggled during this time as well. Mia Hasterlik's letters outline her difficulties finding suitable employment in New York while living in unpleasant conditions. Perhaps most dramatically, Susi Weiss, Giulia's older sister who moved to Nairobi at the beginning of the war, describes the emotional and physical abuse to which her husband subjected her to and her overwhelming happiness at finally being free of him. This vast array of voices and subject matter reflected in the Hasterlik-Hine collection depict a strange intersection between war and daily life that occurred for those living on the home front during World War II. Ultimately, the collection offers an invaluable glimpse of what it means to come of age in a time of war, highlighting the fears, delights, and amusements that punctuated daily life. \nAs World War II came to an end in 1945, individuals across the globe celebrated the cessation of one of the deadliest conflicts in human history. Yet, for many people, the end of the war did not necessarily mean a return to normal life. The letters of the Hasterlik-Hine Collection provide a nuanced first-hand account of the tumultuous period following the end of the war, chronicling the story of a family that had to cope with not only the loss of family members and friends but also, perhaps most significantly, the loss of a homeland. Letters from Mia Hasterlik to her daughter, Giulia Koritschoner, highlight the joy with which the end of the war was received in the United States, expressing disbelief at the fact that \"this nightmare is really past, that it's over,\" and expressing excitement at a future that was \"spreading more beautiful in front of our eyes.\" Mia described the jubilation with which VE Day (Victory in Europe) and VJ Day (Victory over Japan) were celebrated in New York, where \"all the people [were] happy and drunk and all the soldiers and sailors [were] out of their minds. All the girls got kissed, everybody had lipstick on their faces, thousands of tons of paper, which people had thrown out their windows.\"Underlying the joy of these letters, however, was a lingering sense of sadness and loss. Mia lamented the \"heavy, irreplaceable loss\" of her father, Paul Hasterlik, who died at Theresienstadt in 1944. While Giulia expressed nostalgia for the Vienna that she was forced to flee from at the beginning of the war, Mia instead stated, \"I have no yearning whatsoever for Vienna, could never return. Because of… all the crimes which they carried out with their 'Golden Viennese Hearts.'\" Much of the correspondence during this time also highlights the desperate search for missing family members and friends that took place after the war. Mia, in particular, made frantic attempts to find Boni, an old family friend who had stayed behind in Vienna with Paul, and Ellen Christansen, a childhood friend of Giulia's who was also forced to remain in Vienna. \nExcitement over Giulia Koritschoner's upcoming trip to the United States characterizes many of the post-war letters, as does joy about reconnecting with the family friends that the Hasterlik-Hine family had lost contact with during the war. However, the final portion of the collection contains numerous insights, offering a view into the difficulties that accompanied post-war life in Austria. Supplies were so scarce that \"people had to fetch water in buckets an hour away on foot after having stood in line for an hour\" and had to \"take long walks in the woods to find small pieces of wood to have a little bit of heat.\" Yet, perceptions of the former Axis powers varied dramatically. Mia felt pity for those living in these countries, expressing sadness that individuals were \"starving\" in Vienna while those in the United States were \"suffocating in superabundance.\" Others, however, only expressed contempt for the former Axis powers, even stating that they did not see the point of sending rations and supplies to \"enemies who should starve to death.\"The one consensus among all parties seemed to be the dramatic nature of the occupation of Austria by Allied forces after the war, which was so severe that it seemed as if \"all the nations have sent their soldiers to Vienna.\" However, even in Vienna, life would, eventually, return to normal. \nIn a letter from March of 1946, Boni celebrated the future of Vienna, writing, \"Surely the people will tell you… about Vienna. About ruins and hunger, about cold rooms and deserted streets, about demoralization and despair. All that is also true here. But alongside that are also attractive things. People who want to live well, who certainly feel themselves to be unfortunate, but who are interested in the tragedies and little jokes of the greater evolution of things…\" Reflecting the tenacity, resilience, and hope for the future that characterizes the Hasterlik-Hine collection, Boni's letter exemplifies the sentiments upon which many of the survivors of World War II ultimately constructed their futures. Giulia's letters to childhood friends such as Ellen Christansen and Lisl Urbantschitsch transformed from letters filled with cartoons that complained about teachers to letters that reflected exciting plans for the future. While Giulia discussed her upcoming trip to the United States, Lisl shared her plans to emigrate to California and live with her father. Developing an increased sense of independence throughout the post-war years, Lisl would employ her artistic talent in order to secure a lucrative job making puppets. By 1947, Lisl was living in Paris and enjoying her independence. Giulia's life was, ultimately, one of joy and success as well. On April 21, 1946, she sailed from Paris, France to New York City, finally reuniting with her mother, Mia Hasterlik, from whom she had been separated for eight years. By 1948, Giulia had married Gerald Hine and was pregnant with their first child. Giulia would return to Vienna for a few years with her husband before living out the rest of her life in the United States. She passed away on June 16, 2015, at the age of 90.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll","The Hasterlik-Hine collection consists personal correspondence between Giulia Kortischoner (married name Hine) and her family and friends. The personal correspondence consists of letters, postcards, get-well-soon cards, greeting cards, and a small number of travel documents. The collection contains discussions about the Holocaust, life as a Jewish refugee, and the progress of the war and life afterwards.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Christansen","Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul","English German"],"unitid_tesim":["98.0729","/repositories/10/resources/110"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"collection_title_tesim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"collection_ssim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Christansen","Hasterlik, Paul"],"creator_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Christansen","Hasterlik, Paul"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Christansen"],"creators_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul","Christansen"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945","Jewish refugees--Germany--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--United States","World War, 1939-1945--Africa","World War, 1939-1945--Japan","World War, 1939-1945--Children","World War, 1939-1945--Censorship","World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--United States","United States--Race relations--History--20th century","Protestantism--20th century","Emigration and immigration","United States--Emigration and immigration--History--20th century","Formulas, recipes, etc.","New York World's Fair (1939-1940 : New York, N.Y.)","Burgtheater (Vienna, Austria)","Get-well cards","Children's drawings","Save the Children International Union","Poliomyelitis","Catholicism","Women--Employment--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Western Front","Nuns","Obstetrics","Child rearing in literature","Women--Employment--United States--History--20th century","Rationing","Diphtheria","V-J Day, 1945","Atomic bomb--History--20th century","Naturalization--United States","V-E Day, 1945","Theresienstadt (Concentration camp)","Switzerland--Social life and customs","Austria--History--Allied occupation, 1945-1955","United States--Social life and customs--1945-1970","Concentration Camps","World War, 1939-1945--Underground movements--Greece","Gurs (Concentration camp)","Education--Austria","Europe--Social conditions--20th century","United States--Social conditions--20th century","Africa--Race relations","Nuremberg War Crime Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, 1946-1949","Antisemitism","Infatuation","Kinderhilfswerk","Jews--Austria--Vienna--History","Scarcity","Gynecology","Personal correspondence","Postcards."],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945","Jewish refugees--Germany--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--United States","World War, 1939-1945--Africa","World War, 1939-1945--Japan","World War, 1939-1945--Children","World War, 1939-1945--Censorship","World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--United States","United States--Race relations--History--20th century","Protestantism--20th century","Emigration and immigration","United States--Emigration and immigration--History--20th century","Formulas, recipes, etc.","New York World's Fair (1939-1940 : New York, N.Y.)","Burgtheater (Vienna, Austria)","Get-well cards","Children's drawings","Save the Children International Union","Poliomyelitis","Catholicism","Women--Employment--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Western Front","Nuns","Obstetrics","Child rearing in literature","Women--Employment--United States--History--20th century","Rationing","Diphtheria","V-J Day, 1945","Atomic bomb--History--20th century","Naturalization--United States","V-E Day, 1945","Theresienstadt (Concentration camp)","Switzerland--Social life and customs","Austria--History--Allied occupation, 1945-1955","United States--Social life and customs--1945-1970","Concentration Camps","World War, 1939-1945--Underground movements--Greece","Gurs (Concentration camp)","Education--Austria","Europe--Social conditions--20th century","United States--Social conditions--20th century","Africa--Race relations","Nuremberg War Crime Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, 1946-1949","Antisemitism","Infatuation","Kinderhilfswerk","Jews--Austria--Vienna--History","Scarcity","Gynecology","Personal correspondence","Postcards."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.5 Linear Feet 18 boxes, 13 1LF boxes and 5 .5LF boxes"],"extent_tesim":["15.5 Linear Feet 18 boxes, 13 1LF boxes and 5 .5LF boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Personal correspondence","Postcards."],"date_range_isim":[1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Giulia M. Kortischoner (married Hine) was born in Vienna, Austria on September 30, 1925 and passed away on June 16, 2015 in Boulder, Colorado.  \nOnly thirteen years old when World War II began, Giulia Koritschoner came of age in a time of uncertainty and chaos. Despite the context in which Giulia grew up, however, the letters of the Hasterlik-Hine collection demonstrate the fact that, for those on the home front, daily life often continued on as normal. Indeed, Giulia's correspondence throughout 1942 regularly includes cheerful greeting cards for holidays that are decorated with personalized drawings and beautiful calligraphy. These letters were sent from not only family members but also a vast array of friends and acquaintances that Giulia made throughout the war years. Giulia's letters to and from schoolmates portray scenes of growing up that remained largely unchanged even in times of war. This is particularly evident in Giulia's letters to and from Margaret Wolf, a friend from Schaffhausen who evolved from sending letters complaining about disliked teachers and unbearably boring school lessons to letters that explained her fears about graduating from school and having to enter the workforce. Giulia's own letters mirror this development, as she wrote to her family contemplating a variety of jobs, from a lab technician to a stenographer to a masseuse. Even in the midst of the war, the possibilities for the future seemed endless. \nYet, elements of the war do seep into many of the letters. Discussions of rationing figure prominently in much of Giulia's correspondence, as Ällägg Bechtold, a school friend from Schaffhausen, described how school was let out early in the spring because of a shortage of coal to keep students warm. Margaret Wolf complained that bakeries purposely sold old bread because it was thought that individuals would consume it more slowly than fresh bread. Even the letter that Giulia's school principal sent to her was written not on regular paper but rather on postcards that students were encouraged to fill with holiday greetings and send to soldiers in order to boost their morale. Many of Giulia's letters to and from her family during this time contain anxiety about Giulia's grandfather, Paul Hasterlik, who remained behind in Vienna while the rest of the family escaped. Although attempts were made to organize his passage to the United States, these efforts ultimately proved unsuccessful, and the letters reflect concerns about everything from whether Paul was able to find food to whether he was, in fact, actively being \"tormented.\" Although letters from Paul contained joy about Giulia's recovery from polio and excitement about her prospects for the future, he remained vague in descriptions of his own life, only briefly mentioning that he was forced to move to another apartment in Vienna. \nOther members of Giulia's family struggled during this time as well. Mia Hasterlik's letters outline her difficulties finding suitable employment in New York while living in unpleasant conditions. Perhaps most dramatically, Susi Weiss, Giulia's older sister who moved to Nairobi at the beginning of the war, describes the emotional and physical abuse to which her husband subjected her to and her overwhelming happiness at finally being free of him. This vast array of voices and subject matter reflected in the Hasterlik-Hine collection depict a strange intersection between war and daily life that occurred for those living on the home front during World War II. Ultimately, the collection offers an invaluable glimpse of what it means to come of age in a time of war, highlighting the fears, delights, and amusements that punctuated daily life. \nAs World War II came to an end in 1945, individuals across the globe celebrated the cessation of one of the deadliest conflicts in human history. Yet, for many people, the end of the war did not necessarily mean a return to normal life. The letters of the Hasterlik-Hine Collection provide a nuanced first-hand account of the tumultuous period following the end of the war, chronicling the story of a family that had to cope with not only the loss of family members and friends but also, perhaps most significantly, the loss of a homeland. Letters from Mia Hasterlik to her daughter, Giulia Koritschoner, highlight the joy with which the end of the war was received in the United States, expressing disbelief at the fact that \"this nightmare is really past, that it's over,\" and expressing excitement at a future that was \"spreading more beautiful in front of our eyes.\" Mia described the jubilation with which VE Day (Victory in Europe) and VJ Day (Victory over Japan) were celebrated in New York, where \"all the people [were] happy and drunk and all the soldiers and sailors [were] out of their minds. All the girls got kissed, everybody had lipstick on their faces, thousands of tons of paper, which people had thrown out their windows.\"Underlying the joy of these letters, however, was a lingering sense of sadness and loss. Mia lamented the \"heavy, irreplaceable loss\" of her father, Paul Hasterlik, who died at Theresienstadt in 1944. While Giulia expressed nostalgia for the Vienna that she was forced to flee from at the beginning of the war, Mia instead stated, \"I have no yearning whatsoever for Vienna, could never return. Because of… all the crimes which they carried out with their 'Golden Viennese Hearts.'\" Much of the correspondence during this time also highlights the desperate search for missing family members and friends that took place after the war. Mia, in particular, made frantic attempts to find Boni, an old family friend who had stayed behind in Vienna with Paul, and Ellen Christansen, a childhood friend of Giulia's who was also forced to remain in Vienna. \nExcitement over Giulia Koritschoner's upcoming trip to the United States characterizes many of the post-war letters, as does joy about reconnecting with the family friends that the Hasterlik-Hine family had lost contact with during the war. However, the final portion of the collection contains numerous insights, offering a view into the difficulties that accompanied post-war life in Austria. Supplies were so scarce that \"people had to fetch water in buckets an hour away on foot after having stood in line for an hour\" and had to \"take long walks in the woods to find small pieces of wood to have a little bit of heat.\" Yet, perceptions of the former Axis powers varied dramatically. Mia felt pity for those living in these countries, expressing sadness that individuals were \"starving\" in Vienna while those in the United States were \"suffocating in superabundance.\" Others, however, only expressed contempt for the former Axis powers, even stating that they did not see the point of sending rations and supplies to \"enemies who should starve to death.\"The one consensus among all parties seemed to be the dramatic nature of the occupation of Austria by Allied forces after the war, which was so severe that it seemed as if \"all the nations have sent their soldiers to Vienna.\" However, even in Vienna, life would, eventually, return to normal. \nIn a letter from March of 1946, Boni celebrated the future of Vienna, writing, \"Surely the people will tell you… about Vienna. About ruins and hunger, about cold rooms and deserted streets, about demoralization and despair. All that is also true here. But alongside that are also attractive things. People who want to live well, who certainly feel themselves to be unfortunate, but who are interested in the tragedies and little jokes of the greater evolution of things…\" Reflecting the tenacity, resilience, and hope for the future that characterizes the Hasterlik-Hine collection, Boni's letter exemplifies the sentiments upon which many of the survivors of World War II ultimately constructed their futures. Giulia's letters to childhood friends such as Ellen Christansen and Lisl Urbantschitsch transformed from letters filled with cartoons that complained about teachers to letters that reflected exciting plans for the future. While Giulia discussed her upcoming trip to the United States, Lisl shared her plans to emigrate to California and live with her father. Developing an increased sense of independence throughout the post-war years, Lisl would employ her artistic talent in order to secure a lucrative job making puppets. By 1947, Lisl was living in Paris and enjoying her independence. Giulia's life was, ultimately, one of joy and success as well. On April 21, 1946, she sailed from Paris, France to New York City, finally reuniting with her mother, Mia Hasterlik, from whom she had been separated for eight years. By 1948, Giulia had married Gerald Hine and was pregnant with their first child. Giulia would return to Vienna for a few years with her husband before living out the rest of her life in the United States. She passed away on June 16, 2015, at the age of 90."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Hasterlik-Hine collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0729\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0729\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Hasterlik-Hine collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0729 ."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Link to selected digitized materials from this collection."],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hasterlik-Hine collection consists personal correspondence between Giulia Kortischoner (married name Hine) and her family and friends. The personal correspondence consists of letters, postcards, get-well-soon cards, greeting cards, and a small number of travel documents. The collection contains discussions about the Holocaust, life as a Jewish refugee, and the progress of the war and life afterwards.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Hasterlik-Hine collection consists personal correspondence between Giulia Kortischoner (married name Hine) and her family and friends. The personal correspondence consists of letters, postcards, get-well-soon cards, greeting cards, and a small number of travel documents. The collection contains discussions about the Holocaust, life as a Jewish refugee, and the progress of the war and life afterwards."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Christansen","Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Christansen","Hasterlik, Paul"],"famname_ssim":["Christansen"],"persname_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul"],"language_ssim":["English German"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":169,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:46:35.829Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGiulia M. Kortischoner (married Hine) was born in Vienna, Austria on September 30, 1925 and passed away on June 16, 2015 in Boulder, Colorado. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nOnly thirteen years old when World War II began, Giulia Koritschoner came of age in a time of uncertainty and chaos. Despite the context in which Giulia grew up, however, the letters of the Hasterlik-Hine collection demonstrate the fact that, for those on the home front, daily life often continued on as normal. Indeed, Giulia's correspondence throughout 1942 regularly includes cheerful greeting cards for holidays that are decorated with personalized drawings and beautiful calligraphy. These letters were sent from not only family members but also a vast array of friends and acquaintances that Giulia made throughout the war years. Giulia's letters to and from schoolmates portray scenes of growing up that remained largely unchanged even in times of war. This is particularly evident in Giulia's letters to and from Margaret Wolf, a friend from Schaffhausen who evolved from sending letters complaining about disliked teachers and unbearably boring school lessons to letters that explained her fears about graduating from school and having to enter the workforce. Giulia's own letters mirror this development, as she wrote to her family contemplating a variety of jobs, from a lab technician to a stenographer to a masseuse. Even in the midst of the war, the possibilities for the future seemed endless.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nYet, elements of the war do seep into many of the letters. Discussions of rationing figure prominently in much of Giulia's correspondence, as \u0026#xC4;ll\u0026#xE4;gg Bechtold, a school friend from Schaffhausen, described how school was let out early in the spring because of a shortage of coal to keep students warm. Margaret Wolf complained that bakeries purposely sold old bread because it was thought that individuals would consume it more slowly than fresh bread. Even the letter that Giulia's school principal sent to her was written not on regular paper but rather on postcards that students were encouraged to fill with holiday greetings and send to soldiers in order to boost their morale. Many of Giulia's letters to and from her family during this time contain anxiety about Giulia's grandfather, Paul Hasterlik, who remained behind in Vienna while the rest of the family escaped. Although attempts were made to organize his passage to the United States, these efforts ultimately proved unsuccessful, and the letters reflect concerns about everything from whether Paul was able to find food to whether he was, in fact, actively being \"tormented.\" Although letters from Paul contained joy about Giulia's recovery from polio and excitement about her prospects for the future, he remained vague in descriptions of his own life, only briefly mentioning that he was forced to move to another apartment in Vienna.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nOther members of Giulia's family struggled during this time as well. Mia Hasterlik's letters outline her difficulties finding suitable employment in New York while living in unpleasant conditions. Perhaps most dramatically, Susi Weiss, Giulia's older sister who moved to Nairobi at the beginning of the war, describes the emotional and physical abuse to which her husband subjected her to and her overwhelming happiness at finally being free of him. This vast array of voices and subject matter reflected in the Hasterlik-Hine collection depict a strange intersection between war and daily life that occurred for those living on the home front during World War II. Ultimately, the collection offers an invaluable glimpse of what it means to come of age in a time of war, highlighting the fears, delights, and amusements that punctuated daily life.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAs World War II came to an end in 1945, individuals across the globe celebrated the cessation of one of the deadliest conflicts in human history. Yet, for many people, the end of the war did not necessarily mean a return to normal life. The letters of the Hasterlik-Hine Collection provide a nuanced first-hand account of the tumultuous period following the end of the war, chronicling the story of a family that had to cope with not only the loss of family members and friends but also, perhaps most significantly, the loss of a homeland. Letters from Mia Hasterlik to her daughter, Giulia Koritschoner, highlight the joy with which the end of the war was received in the United States, expressing disbelief at the fact that \"this nightmare is really past, that it's over,\" and expressing excitement at a future that was \"spreading more beautiful in front of our eyes.\" Mia described the jubilation with which VE Day (Victory in Europe) and VJ Day (Victory over Japan) were celebrated in New York, where \"all the people [were] happy and drunk and all the soldiers and sailors [were] out of their minds. All the girls got kissed, everybody had lipstick on their faces, thousands of tons of paper, which people had thrown out their windows.\"Underlying the joy of these letters, however, was a lingering sense of sadness and loss. Mia lamented the \"heavy, irreplaceable loss\" of her father, Paul Hasterlik, who died at Theresienstadt in 1944. While Giulia expressed nostalgia for the Vienna that she was forced to flee from at the beginning of the war, Mia instead stated, \"I have no yearning whatsoever for Vienna, could never return. Because of\u0026#x2026; all the crimes which they carried out with their 'Golden Viennese Hearts.'\" Much of the correspondence during this time also highlights the desperate search for missing family members and friends that took place after the war. Mia, in particular, made frantic attempts to find Boni, an old family friend who had stayed behind in Vienna with Paul, and Ellen Christansen, a childhood friend of Giulia's who was also forced to remain in Vienna.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nExcitement over Giulia Koritschoner's upcoming trip to the United States characterizes many of the post-war letters, as does joy about reconnecting with the family friends that the Hasterlik-Hine family had lost contact with during the war. However, the final portion of the collection contains numerous insights, offering a view into the difficulties that accompanied post-war life in Austria. Supplies were so scarce that \"people had to fetch water in buckets an hour away on foot after having stood in line for an hour\" and had to \"take long walks in the woods to find small pieces of wood to have a little bit of heat.\" Yet, perceptions of the former Axis powers varied dramatically. Mia felt pity for those living in these countries, expressing sadness that individuals were \"starving\" in Vienna while those in the United States were \"suffocating in superabundance.\" Others, however, only expressed contempt for the former Axis powers, even stating that they did not see the point of sending rations and supplies to \"enemies who should starve to death.\"The one consensus among all parties seemed to be the dramatic nature of the occupation of Austria by Allied forces after the war, which was so severe that it seemed as if \"all the nations have sent their soldiers to Vienna.\" However, even in Vienna, life would, eventually, return to normal.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn a letter from March of 1946, Boni celebrated the future of Vienna, writing, \"Surely the people will tell you\u0026#x2026; about Vienna. About ruins and hunger, about cold rooms and deserted streets, about demoralization and despair. All that is also true here. But alongside that are also attractive things. People who want to live well, who certainly feel themselves to be unfortunate, but who are interested in the tragedies and little jokes of the greater evolution of things\u0026#x2026;\" Reflecting the tenacity, resilience, and hope for the future that characterizes the Hasterlik-Hine collection, Boni's letter exemplifies the sentiments upon which many of the survivors of World War II ultimately constructed their futures. Giulia's letters to childhood friends such as Ellen Christansen and Lisl Urbantschitsch transformed from letters filled with cartoons that complained about teachers to letters that reflected exciting plans for the future. While Giulia discussed her upcoming trip to the United States, Lisl shared her plans to emigrate to California and live with her father. Developing an increased sense of independence throughout the post-war years, Lisl would employ her artistic talent in order to secure a lucrative job making puppets. By 1947, Lisl was living in Paris and enjoying her independence. Giulia's life was, ultimately, one of joy and success as well. On April 21, 1946, she sailed from Paris, France to New York City, finally reuniting with her mother, Mia Hasterlik, from whom she had been separated for eight years. By 1948, Giulia had married Gerald Hine and was pregnant with their first child. Giulia would return to Vienna for a few years with her husband before living out the rest of her life in the United States. She passed away on June 16, 2015, at the age of 90.\u003c/p\u003e"]}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378_aspace_5f8c8c6fe375b266ac376623bc69ff13"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Dorothy Porter Wesley Collection, Circa 1788-2012","value":"Dorothy Porter Wesley Collection, Circa 1788-2012","hits":36},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Dorothy+Porter+Wesley+Collection%2C+Circa+1788-2012\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1914\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Florida Ephemera collection, circa 1813-2007","value":"Florida Ephemera collection, circa 1813-2007","hits":33},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Florida+Ephemera+collection%2C+circa+1813-2007\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1914\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Carol Mundy: African American Legacy Research Files, 1790-2012","value":"Carol Mundy: African American Legacy Research Files, 1790-2012","hits":20},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Carol+Mundy%3A+African+American+Legacy+Research+Files%2C+1790-2012\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1914\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Michael A. 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