{"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1891\u0026page=13\u0026view=compact","prev":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1891\u0026page=12\u0026view=compact","next":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1891\u0026page=14\u0026view=compact","last":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1891\u0026page=71\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":13,"next_page":14,"prev_page":12,"total_pages":71,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":120,"total_count":706,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"a4845bfaa07fb1a2508d4004_aspace_e7e9dbbaa75e8b4619493786cbdd65f7","type":"Box","attributes":{"title":"Correspondence, 1891-09-1892","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/a4845bfaa07fb1a2508d4004_aspace_e7e9dbbaa75e8b4619493786cbdd65f7#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_e7e9dbbaa75e8b4619493786cbdd65f7","ref_ssm":["aspace_e7e9dbbaa75e8b4619493786cbdd65f7","aspace_e7e9dbbaa75e8b4619493786cbdd65f7"],"id":"a4845bfaa07fb1a2508d4004_aspace_e7e9dbbaa75e8b4619493786cbdd65f7","title_filing_ssi":"Correspondence","title_ssm":["Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Correspondence"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1891-09-1892"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1891-09-1892"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Correspondence, 1891-09-1892"],"text":["Correspondence, 1891-09-1892","Willie Lowry papers, 1873-1946","Correspondence","Box 4","/repositories/2/archival_objects/211296","box 4"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["a4845bfaa07fb1a2508d4004","a4845bfaa07fb1a2508d4004_aspace_336b5299af2832e9c2403e900918c048"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Willie Lowry papers, 1873-1946","Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Willie Lowry papers, 1873-1946","Correspondence"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["Box 4","/repositories/2/archival_objects/211296"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Willie Lowry papers, 1873-1946"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":9,"level_ssm":["Box"],"level_ssim":["Box"],"sort_isi":38,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["At the donor's request, the collection was previously closed until January 2015. 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There are no other restrictions on the use of the collection.","Willie Miller Lowry was born in Raleigh, North Carolina on July 15, 1862. She was the daughter of Dr. William Robards Miller and Mary Frances Britton. Orphaned at an early eage, Willie moved to Rock Hill, South Carolina to live with her married sister, Mrs. Isabella Wilson. She attended Salem Female Academy where she learned secretarial skills. After graduation, she worked as a secretary for various employers such as the Chairman of the Democratice Party in 1888 and the Peace Institute in 1889 as an instructor of typing and shorthand. ","Willie Miller met Sumter Lowry in Rock Hill, South Carolina in 1885. Sumter Lowry was a native of York, South Carolina who was born on February 26, 1861. He attended Kings Mountain Military Academy and, then, the Medical and Pharmaceutical College in Charleston, South Carolina. Lowry moved to Palatka, Florida in 1886 to manage their Florida store while Starr handled their South Carolina business. Willie and Sumter corresponded regularly while he was working in Palatka.","They were married on December 18, 1890, first settling in Palatka, then St. Augustine and finally, in late 1894, Tampa where they built a home on Plant Avenue and had five children: Willie Louise, Sumter, Jr., Blackburn, Loper, and Isabella. Prior to the Lowry's move to Tampa, Sumter had decided to leave the pharmacy business and embark on a career as an insurance agent thorugh the help of his friend, G. Loper Bailey who he had met in Palatka. Sumter frequently traveled as an insurance agent, but reguarly corresponded with his wife. ","Although she enjoyed being a wife and mother, Willie strongely believed in the importance of being active in the community. Willie founded or was active in numerous civic and social activities and, participated in many state and national issues such as the women's suffrage movement, Tampa's Woman's Club, and Tampa's Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA). In 1900 she wrote a letter to Andrew Carnegie and secured $50,000 to establish a local public library.","Willie Lowry was deeply interested in the welfare of young people. She participated in the first kindergarten movement and formation of the first kindergarten association in Tampa. In 1916, she start what was the first Girl Scout troop to be formed in the South after Juliet Lowe had established the organization and served as their first counselor. She also founded two clubs to help her children become more socially and culturally active: the \"Would-Be-Goods\" in 1901 for young girls and the \"Merry Makers\" in 1913 for her son, Loper and his friends. The latter club still exists as an exclusive men's club.","When the United States became invovled in World War I, Willie Lowry volunteered her time to the Red Cross. As a Red Cross volunteer, she held several important chairmanships and helped raise thousands of dollars for supplies and training. In 1928, she was decorated by King Alfonso XIII of Spain with the \"Royal Order of the Lace Isabella Cathlica\" in recognition of her efforts in promoting the role of Spain in the settlement and history of early America, especially, Florida. ","Willie Lowry continued to be active in the community but failing health limited her involvement. She passed away on August 14, 1936.","References:","Dillon, P. (1999). Clubwomen and Civic Activism: Willie Lowry and Tampa's Club Movement. The Florida Historical Quarterly, 77(4), 429–444. http://www.jstor.org/stable/30150827","Mrs. W. L. Lowry, Pioneer Tampa Woman, Is Dead\". Tampa Times. Tampa, FL. August 15, 1946. p. 2 – via Newspapers.com.","Sumter Lowry papers, USF Libraries – Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.","The Willie Lowry papers have been arranged by the type of materials found in the collection and organized into series. A large portion of the collection is correspondence to and from Willie to Sumter Lowry. The bulk of the material in the collection falls within the period of the 1880s and 1920s with no significant gaps in the documentation.  ","The collection contains a significant volume of information on Tampa Bay and other regions in Florida. Further, a substantial portion of the material is intrinsically significant in that it contains items which are believed to be the only ones in existence. Some examples of these items are the first breakfast and dinner menus of the Tampa Bay Hotel, a program from the Hotel's Opening Ball and a full page of the Tampa Daily Journal with an article on the completion of the Hotel. ","None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright. 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Sumter Lowry was a native of York, South Carolina who was born on February 26, 1861. He attended Kings Mountain Military Academy and, then, the Medical and Pharmaceutical College in Charleston, South Carolina. Lowry moved to Palatka, Florida in 1886 to manage their Florida store while Starr handled their South Carolina business. Willie and Sumter corresponded regularly while he was working in Palatka.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThey were married on December 18, 1890, first settling in Palatka, then St. Augustine and finally, in late 1894, Tampa where they built a home on Plant Avenue and had five children: Willie Louise, Sumter, Jr., Blackburn, Loper, and Isabella. Prior to the Lowry's move to Tampa, Sumter had decided to leave the pharmacy business and embark on a career as an insurance agent thorugh the help of his friend, G. Loper Bailey who he had met in Palatka. Sumter frequently traveled as an insurance agent, but reguarly corresponded with his wife. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlthough she enjoyed being a wife and mother, Willie strongely believed in the importance of being active in the community. Willie founded or was active in numerous civic and social activities and, participated in many state and national issues such as the women's suffrage movement, Tampa's Woman's Club, and Tampa's Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA). In 1900 she wrote a letter to Andrew Carnegie and secured $50,000 to establish a local public library.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWillie Lowry was deeply interested in the welfare of young people. She participated in the first kindergarten movement and formation of the first kindergarten association in Tampa. In 1916, she start what was the first Girl Scout troop to be formed in the South after Juliet Lowe had established the organization and served as their first counselor. She also founded two clubs to help her children become more socially and culturally active: the \"Would-Be-Goods\" in 1901 for young girls and the \"Merry Makers\" in 1913 for her son, Loper and his friends. The latter club still exists as an exclusive men's club.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhen the United States became invovled in World War I, Willie Lowry volunteered her time to the Red Cross. As a Red Cross volunteer, she held several important chairmanships and helped raise thousands of dollars for supplies and training. In 1928, she was decorated by King Alfonso XIII of Spain with the \"Royal Order of the Lace Isabella Cathlica\" in recognition of her efforts in promoting the role of Spain in the settlement and history of early America, especially, Florida. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWillie Lowry continued to be active in the community but failing health limited her involvement. 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After graduation, she worked as a secretary for various employers such as the Chairman of the Democratice Party in 1888 and the Peace Institute in 1889 as an instructor of typing and shorthand. ","Willie Miller met Sumter Lowry in Rock Hill, South Carolina in 1885. Sumter Lowry was a native of York, South Carolina who was born on February 26, 1861. He attended Kings Mountain Military Academy and, then, the Medical and Pharmaceutical College in Charleston, South Carolina. Lowry moved to Palatka, Florida in 1886 to manage their Florida store while Starr handled their South Carolina business. Willie and Sumter corresponded regularly while he was working in Palatka.","They were married on December 18, 1890, first settling in Palatka, then St. Augustine and finally, in late 1894, Tampa where they built a home on Plant Avenue and had five children: Willie Louise, Sumter, Jr., Blackburn, Loper, and Isabella. Prior to the Lowry's move to Tampa, Sumter had decided to leave the pharmacy business and embark on a career as an insurance agent thorugh the help of his friend, G. Loper Bailey who he had met in Palatka. Sumter frequently traveled as an insurance agent, but reguarly corresponded with his wife. ","Although she enjoyed being a wife and mother, Willie strongely believed in the importance of being active in the community. Willie founded or was active in numerous civic and social activities and, participated in many state and national issues such as the women's suffrage movement, Tampa's Woman's Club, and Tampa's Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA). In 1900 she wrote a letter to Andrew Carnegie and secured $50,000 to establish a local public library.","Willie Lowry was deeply interested in the welfare of young people. She participated in the first kindergarten movement and formation of the first kindergarten association in Tampa. In 1916, she start what was the first Girl Scout troop to be formed in the South after Juliet Lowe had established the organization and served as their first counselor. She also founded two clubs to help her children become more socially and culturally active: the \"Would-Be-Goods\" in 1901 for young girls and the \"Merry Makers\" in 1913 for her son, Loper and his friends. The latter club still exists as an exclusive men's club.","When the United States became invovled in World War I, Willie Lowry volunteered her time to the Red Cross. As a Red Cross volunteer, she held several important chairmanships and helped raise thousands of dollars for supplies and training. In 1928, she was decorated by King Alfonso XIII of Spain with the \"Royal Order of the Lace Isabella Cathlica\" in recognition of her efforts in promoting the role of Spain in the settlement and history of early America, especially, Florida. ","Willie Lowry continued to be active in the community but failing health limited her involvement. She passed away on August 14, 1936.","References:","Dillon, P. (1999). Clubwomen and Civic Activism: Willie Lowry and Tampa's Club Movement. The Florida Historical Quarterly, 77(4), 429–444. http://www.jstor.org/stable/30150827","Mrs. W. L. Lowry, Pioneer Tampa Woman, Is Dead\". Tampa Times. Tampa, FL. August 15, 1946. p. 2 – via Newspapers.com."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWillie Lowry papers, USF Libraries \u0026#x2013; Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Willie Lowry papers, USF Libraries – Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSumter Lowry papers, USF Libraries \u0026#x2013; Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Sumter Lowry papers, USF Libraries – Tampa Special Collections, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Willie Lowry papers have been arranged by the type of materials found in the collection and organized into series. A large portion of the collection is correspondence to and from Willie to Sumter Lowry. The bulk of the material in the collection falls within the period of the 1880s and 1920s with no significant gaps in the documentation.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains a significant volume of information on Tampa Bay and other regions in Florida. Further, a substantial portion of the material is intrinsically significant in that it contains items which are believed to be the only ones in existence. Some examples of these items are the first breakfast and dinner menus of the Tampa Bay Hotel, a program from the Hotel's Opening Ball and a full page of the Tampa Daily Journal with an article on the completion of the Hotel. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Willie Lowry papers have been arranged by the type of materials found in the collection and organized into series. A large portion of the collection is correspondence to and from Willie to Sumter Lowry. The bulk of the material in the collection falls within the period of the 1880s and 1920s with no significant gaps in the documentation.  ","The collection contains a significant volume of information on Tampa Bay and other regions in Florida. Further, a substantial portion of the material is intrinsically significant in that it contains items which are believed to be the only ones in existence. Some examples of these items are the first breakfast and dinner menus of the Tampa Bay Hotel, a program from the Hotel's Opening Ball and a full page of the Tampa Daily Journal with an article on the completion of the Hotel. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","Lowry, Willie","Lowry, Sumter de Leon, Jr., 1893-1985"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Lowry, Willie","Lowry, Sumter de Leon, Jr., 1893-1985"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":273,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1875301641343729664,"_root_":"a4845bfaa07fb1a2508d4004","timestamp":"2026-09-03T09:16:50.862Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/a4845bfaa07fb1a2508d4004_aspace_e7e9dbbaa75e8b4619493786cbdd65f7"}},{"id":"a83b71ad27f9fa1c46e09043_aspace_04a8363fc8f72f48f5cdde6fb7e0899d","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Correspondence and Documents, 1826-1956","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/a83b71ad27f9fa1c46e09043_aspace_04a8363fc8f72f48f5cdde6fb7e0899d#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_04a8363fc8f72f48f5cdde6fb7e0899d","ref_ssm":["aspace_04a8363fc8f72f48f5cdde6fb7e0899d","aspace_04a8363fc8f72f48f5cdde6fb7e0899d"],"id":"a83b71ad27f9fa1c46e09043_aspace_04a8363fc8f72f48f5cdde6fb7e0899d","title_filing_ssi":"Correspondence and Documents","title_ssm":["Correspondence and Documents"],"title_tesim":["Correspondence and Documents"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1826-1956"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1826-1956"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Correspondence and Documents, 1826-1956"],"text":["Correspondence and Documents, 1826-1956","Richard H. Mette Collection, 1826-2007","/repositories/3/archival_objects/7852","box 3","box 12","box 20","United States Navy; Ferry and Ferry Terminals; Camp Joseph E. Johnston; United States Army; World War I; \nNaval Air Station Jacksonville"],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["a83b71ad27f9fa1c46e09043"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Richard H. Mette Collection, 1826-2007"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Richard H. Mette Collection, 1826-2007"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/3/archival_objects/7852"],"repository_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Richard H. 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Mette Collection, 1826-2007","Jacksonville (Fla.) -- Antiquities","Jacksonville (Fla.) -- Description and travel -- Tourism","Saint Johns River (Fla.)","African Americans -- Florida","Souvenir china -- Florida -- Jacksonville (Fla.)","Souvenirs (Keepsakes) -- Florida -- Saint Augustine (Fla.)","Souvenirs (Keepsakes) -- Florida -- Jacksonville (Fla.)","The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact \nlib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.","Richard Mette was a lifelong residence of Jacksonville, Florida, his family having lived in the area since the early 1800's. His grandfather, Robert Joseph Mette, was a fireman in Jacksonville during the 1901 fire and his father Robert Holland Mette captained a tugboat for over 50 years on the St. Johns River.  ","Mette went to school and college locally, eventually settling in Jacksonville near the San Marco area where he was born. While in junior college he became involved in politics, working on Bruce Smathers' Campaign during his bid for State Senate. He later worked as Senator Smathers' administrative aide.  He continued his involvement in local politics and managed Congressman Bill Chappell's reelection to Congress.  ","Richard Mette worked for the Amtrak Regional Jacksonville Office during the 1980's and, in 1986, worked in marketing as a lobbyist to maintain Amtrak's Jacksonville office. He was appointed by Mayor Tommy Hazouri as a Division Chief for the city of Jacksonville and later worked for the State Attorney's Office as an administrator in the Special Prosecution Division targeting consumer fraud in Jacksonville. Mette worked from 1991-2015 in the State Attorney's Office.  ","Richard Mette was involved in the local Jacksonville community. He was a founder and President of the Northeast Florida Consumer Council. Mette served as a Trustee for the Robert A. 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","Included in the collection is Mr. Mette's research materials that provide additional background of the items represented in this collection.","The Collection consists of 3-dimensional objects, correspondence, printed materials and books covering a variety of topics on Northeast Florida. The majority of the collection relates to local businesses and attractions in Jacksonville, Jacksonville Beach, and St. Augustine.","Objects in the collection orginate from Jacksonville area hotels and businesses and includes flatware, plates, ginger beer bottles, and a commemorative engraved pitcher.","The postcard and stereograph card collection features images and illustrations from locations in Jacksonville, Pablo and Jacksonville Beach, Mandarin, Palatka, and St. Augustine.","Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information","UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":[" 2017.003","/repositories/3/resources/68"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1826-2007"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richard H. Mette Collection, 1826-2007"],"collection_title_tesim":["Richard H. Mette Collection, 1826-2007"],"collection_ssim":["Richard H. 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Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was acquired through donation from Richard Mette, 2017."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- Florida","Souvenir china -- Florida -- Jacksonville (Fla.)","Souvenirs (Keepsakes) -- Florida -- Saint Augustine (Fla.)","Souvenirs (Keepsakes) -- Florida -- Jacksonville (Fla.)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- Florida","Souvenir china -- Florida -- Jacksonville (Fla.)","Souvenirs (Keepsakes) -- Florida -- Saint Augustine (Fla.)","Souvenirs (Keepsakes) -- Florida -- Jacksonville (Fla.)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["36.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["36.00 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact \nlib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact \nlib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichard Mette was a lifelong residence of Jacksonville, Florida, his family having lived in the area since the early 1800's. His grandfather, Robert Joseph Mette, was a fireman in Jacksonville during the 1901 fire and his father Robert Holland Mette captained a tugboat for over 50 years on the St. Johns River.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMette went to school and college locally, eventually settling in Jacksonville near the San Marco area where he was born. While in junior college he became involved in politics, working on Bruce Smathers' Campaign during his bid for State Senate. He later worked as Senator Smathers' administrative aide.  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The majority of the collection served as souvenirs to Jacksonville and the surrounding cities in Northeast Florida. ","Included in the collection is Mr. Mette's research materials that provide additional background of the items represented in this collection.","The Collection consists of 3-dimensional objects, correspondence, printed materials and books covering a variety of topics on Northeast Florida. The majority of the collection relates to local businesses and attractions in Jacksonville, Jacksonville Beach, and St. Augustine.","Objects in the collection orginate from Jacksonville area hotels and businesses and includes flatware, plates, ginger beer bottles, and a commemorative engraved pitcher.","The postcard and stereograph card collection features images and illustrations from locations in Jacksonville, Pablo and Jacksonville Beach, Mandarin, Palatka, and St. Augustine."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"names_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":114,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870860594513444864,"_root_":"a83b71ad27f9fa1c46e09043","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:48:18.562Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/a83b71ad27f9fa1c46e09043_aspace_04a8363fc8f72f48f5cdde6fb7e0899d"}},{"id":"6eec7534217182b32155013b","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Courtland Buckman Papers, 1860-1938","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/6eec7534217182b32155013b#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Buckman, Courtland, 1863-1952"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/6eec7534217182b32155013b#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003ePrimarily incoming business correspondence, most of which are inquiries about land purchases in Florida and rental property management activities documenting business life in Jacksonville. 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Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.","Born in Lake City, Florida, during the Civil War, on December 8, 1863. Third child of Captain Thomas Ellwood Buckman (Civil War veteran) and Selina Cleland Buckman. Educated in Jacksonville, Florida schools; lived there most of his life, except for a brief period in Daytona Beach, Florida. In 1886, he served as Deputy to his father who was the County Clerk of Duval County; relocated in the late 1880's to Daytona Beach where he entered the mercantile business and served one term as Mayor. In 1894, he returned to Jacksonville, worked briefly with the Singer Manufacturing Company before becoming a real estate agent with the C. C. Robertson Real Estate Company. After establishing his own real estate firm in May 1897(C. Buckman), he later formed a partnership with Alfred C. 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Includes also: Florida Uniform Examination questions (1896); campaign literature and messages of Florida Governor Napoleon Bonaparte Broward; a nineteenth century Jacksonville newsletter, 'St. Andrew's messenger' (1891); and several letters referring to the Jacksonville fire of May 3, 1901","Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. 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Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was acquired through purchase from bookdealers from 1998-2000"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Jacksonville (Fla.)--Biography.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Economic conditions.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--History.","Real estate agents--Florida--Jacksonville.","Real estate development--Florida--Jacksonville."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Jacksonville (Fla.)--Biography.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Economic conditions.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--History.","Real estate agents--Florida--Jacksonville.","Real estate development--Florida--Jacksonville."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["11.60 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["11.60 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research by appointment only. 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In 1886, he served as Deputy to his father who was the County Clerk of Duval County; relocated in the late 1880's to Daytona Beach where he entered the mercantile business and served one term as Mayor. In 1894, he returned to Jacksonville, worked briefly with the Singer Manufacturing Company before becoming a real estate agent with the C. C. Robertson Real Estate Company. After establishing his own real estate firm in May 1897(C. Buckman), he later formed a partnership with Alfred C. Ulmer (Buckman, Ulmer and Mitchell, Inc.)\nMr. Buckman was a prominent civic and business leader, and a member of numerous social and business organizations, including the Jacksonville Board of Trade. His older brother, Henry Holland Buckman, was a Florida state legislator and Jacksonville attorney. The H. H. Buckman bridge spanning the St. Johns River in Orange Park, Florida is named in his honor.\nCourtland Buckman died on October 1, 1952.","Note written by "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCourtland Buckman Papers, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Courtland Buckman Papers, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePrimarily incoming business correspondence, most of which are inquiries about land purchases in Florida and rental property management activities documenting business life in Jacksonville. 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Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. 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Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.","Born in Lake City, Florida, during the Civil War, on December 8, 1863. Third child of Captain Thomas Ellwood Buckman (Civil War veteran) and Selina Cleland Buckman. Educated in Jacksonville, Florida schools; lived there most of his life, except for a brief period in Daytona Beach, Florida. In 1886, he served as Deputy to his father who was the County Clerk of Duval County; relocated in the late 1880's to Daytona Beach where he entered the mercantile business and served one term as Mayor. In 1894, he returned to Jacksonville, worked briefly with the Singer Manufacturing Company before becoming a real estate agent with the C. C. Robertson Real Estate Company. After establishing his own real estate firm in May 1897(C. Buckman), he later formed a partnership with Alfred C. 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Includes also: Florida Uniform Examination questions (1896); campaign literature and messages of Florida Governor Napoleon Bonaparte Broward; a nineteenth century Jacksonville newsletter, 'St. Andrew's messenger' (1891); and several letters referring to the Jacksonville fire of May 3, 1901","Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information","UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","Buckman, Courtland, 1863-1952","Buckman, Courtland, 1863-1952.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["2000.002","/repositories/3/resources/17"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1860-1938"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Courtland Buckman Papers, 1860-1938"],"collection_title_tesim":["Courtland Buckman Papers, 1860-1938"],"collection_ssim":["Courtland Buckman Papers, 1860-1938"],"repository_ssm":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Buckman, Courtland, 1863-1952"],"creator_ssim":["Buckman, Courtland, 1863-1952"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Buckman, Courtland, 1863-1952"],"creators_ssim":["Buckman, Courtland, 1863-1952"],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). 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Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was acquired through purchase from bookdealers from 1998-2000"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Jacksonville (Fla.)--Biography.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Economic conditions.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--History.","Real estate agents--Florida--Jacksonville.","Real estate development--Florida--Jacksonville."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Jacksonville (Fla.)--Biography.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--Economic conditions.","Jacksonville (Fla.)--History.","Real estate agents--Florida--Jacksonville.","Real estate development--Florida--Jacksonville."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["11.60 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["11.60 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn in Lake City, Florida, during the Civil War, on December 8, 1863. Third child of Captain Thomas Ellwood Buckman (Civil War veteran) and Selina Cleland Buckman. Educated in Jacksonville, Florida schools; lived there most of his life, except for a brief period in Daytona Beach, Florida. In 1886, he served as Deputy to his father who was the County Clerk of Duval County; relocated in the late 1880's to Daytona Beach where he entered the mercantile business and served one term as Mayor. In 1894, he returned to Jacksonville, worked briefly with the Singer Manufacturing Company before becoming a real estate agent with the C. C. Robertson Real Estate Company. After establishing his own real estate firm in May 1897(C. Buckman), he later formed a partnership with Alfred C. Ulmer (Buckman, Ulmer and Mitchell, Inc.)\nMr. Buckman was a prominent civic and business leader, and a member of numerous social and business organizations, including the Jacksonville Board of Trade. His older brother, Henry Holland Buckman, was a Florida state legislator and Jacksonville attorney. The H. H. Buckman bridge spanning the St. Johns River in Orange Park, Florida is named in his honor.\nCourtland Buckman died on October 1, 1952.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born in Lake City, Florida, during the Civil War, on December 8, 1863. Third child of Captain Thomas Ellwood Buckman (Civil War veteran) and Selina Cleland Buckman. Educated in Jacksonville, Florida schools; lived there most of his life, except for a brief period in Daytona Beach, Florida. In 1886, he served as Deputy to his father who was the County Clerk of Duval County; relocated in the late 1880's to Daytona Beach where he entered the mercantile business and served one term as Mayor. In 1894, he returned to Jacksonville, worked briefly with the Singer Manufacturing Company before becoming a real estate agent with the C. C. Robertson Real Estate Company. After establishing his own real estate firm in May 1897(C. Buckman), he later formed a partnership with Alfred C. Ulmer (Buckman, Ulmer and Mitchell, Inc.)\nMr. Buckman was a prominent civic and business leader, and a member of numerous social and business organizations, including the Jacksonville Board of Trade. His older brother, Henry Holland Buckman, was a Florida state legislator and Jacksonville attorney. The H. H. Buckman bridge spanning the St. Johns River in Orange Park, Florida is named in his honor.\nCourtland Buckman died on October 1, 1952.","Note written by "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCourtland Buckman Papers, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Courtland Buckman Papers, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePrimarily incoming business correspondence, most of which are inquiries about land purchases in Florida and rental property management activities documenting business life in Jacksonville. Includes also: Florida Uniform Examination questions (1896); campaign literature and messages of Florida Governor Napoleon Bonaparte Broward; a nineteenth century Jacksonville newsletter, 'St. Andrew's messenger' (1891); and several letters referring to the Jacksonville fire of May 3, 1901\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Primarily incoming business correspondence, most of which are inquiries about land purchases in Florida and rental property management activities documenting business life in Jacksonville. Includes also: Florida Uniform Examination questions (1896); campaign literature and messages of Florida Governor Napoleon Bonaparte Broward; a nineteenth century Jacksonville newsletter, 'St. Andrew's messenger' (1891); and several letters referring to the Jacksonville fire of May 3, 1901"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \"fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"names_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","Buckman, Courtland, 1863-1952","Buckman, Courtland, 1863-1952."],"corpname_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Buckman, Courtland, 1863-1952."],"persname_ssim":["Buckman, Courtland, 1863-1952","Buckman, Courtland, 1863-1952."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870860502015410176,"_root_":"6eec7534217182b32155013b","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:46:50.351Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/6eec7534217182b32155013b"}},{"id":"9103edeb73f113d6780867e7","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Creek Indian Project Records, 1817-1981, Date acquired: 06/00/1981, bulk 1950-1981","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/9103edeb73f113d6780867e7#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Dysart, Jane."],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/9103edeb73f113d6780867e7#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eRecords and papers pertaining to the Creek Indians of Northwest Florida, collected by the University of West Florida faculty members, Jane Dysart and Lucius Ellsworth, as part of a grant project. Records include research bibliographies and research publications dealing with the history of the Creek Indians from earliest settlement to 1980, census records, claims made to the federal government in 1906 and 1957, a newspaper index of materials about the Creeks in Northwest Florida (1950-1980), records about the efforts toward formal recognition, and oral histories of Creek Indians of Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/9103edeb73f113d6780867e7#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"9103edeb73f113d6780867e7","title_ssm":["Creek Indian Project Records"],"title_tesim":["Creek Indian Project Records"],"ead_ssi":"9103edeb73f113d6780867e7","unitdate_ssm":["1817-1981","1950-1981","Date acquired: 06/00/1981"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1950-1981"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1817-1981"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 06/00/1981"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M1981-07","/repositories/2/resources/158"],"text":["M1981-07","/repositories/2/resources/158","Creek Indian Project Records, 1817-1981, Date acquired: 06/00/1981, bulk 1950-1981","Creek Indians--Florida.","Indexes (reference sources)--Florida.","Bibliographies--Florida.","Census records--Florida.","Oral histories--Florida.","Open to researchers, dependent on our compliance with U.S. Copyright Law, HIPPA requirements, donor agreements and other applicable state and federal statutes.  Occasionally we may need to review a collection before permitting immediate access.","Revised 02/21/1985","Revised 07/12/1983","Cataloged 12/18/1981","Records and papers pertaining to the Creek Indians of Northwest Florida, collected by the University of West Florida faculty members, Jane Dysart and Lucius Ellsworth, as part of a grant project.  Records include research bibliographies and research publications dealing with the history of the Creek Indians from earliest settlement to 1980, census records, claims made to the federal government in 1906 and 1957, a newspaper index of materials about the Creeks in Northwest Florida (1950-1980), records about the efforts toward formal recognition, and oral histories of Creek Indians of Florida.","A detailed inventory of the oral histories, narrators, and subjects is available.","Digital photography, scanning, and photocopying of materials is prohibited.  Permission may be granted by the Special Collections Librarian for such reprography dependent on issues of copyright, ownership, condition, donor agreements, etc.  In general, staff do not make reproductions of copyright materials or materials for which title is not owned by the institution.  Recent revisions in the U.S. Copyright Law extended the copyright of correspondence, letters, and other personal papers to the life of the author plus seventy years.","Special Collections does not have signed releases for all of the oral history tapes.","UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center","Dysart, Jane.","Ellsworth, Lucius F.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M1981-07","/repositories/2/resources/158"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1817-1981, Date acquired: 06/00/1981, bulk 1950-1981"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Creek Indian Project Records, 1817-1981, Date acquired: 06/00/1981, bulk 1950-1981"],"collection_title_tesim":["Creek Indian Project Records, 1817-1981, Date acquired: 06/00/1981, bulk 1950-1981"],"collection_ssim":["Creek Indian Project Records, 1817-1981, Date acquired: 06/00/1981, bulk 1950-1981"],"repository_ssm":["UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center"],"repository_ssim":["UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center"],"creator_ssm":["Dysart, Jane.","Ellsworth, Lucius F."],"creator_ssim":["Dysart, Jane.","Ellsworth, Lucius F."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Dysart, Jane.","Ellsworth, Lucius F."],"creators_ssim":["Dysart, Jane.","Ellsworth, Lucius F."],"access_terms_ssm":["Digital photography, scanning, and photocopying of materials is prohibited.  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Recent revisions in the U.S. Copyright Law extended the copyright of correspondence, letters, and other personal papers to the life of the author plus seventy years.","Special Collections does not have signed releases for all of the oral history tapes."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Dr. Jane Dysart and Dr. Lucius Ellsworth, June 1981"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Creek Indians--Florida.","Indexes (reference sources)--Florida.","Bibliographies--Florida.","Census records--Florida.","Oral histories--Florida."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Creek Indians--Florida.","Indexes (reference sources)--Florida.","Bibliographies--Florida.","Census records--Florida.","Oral histories--Florida."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1096.00 items"],"extent_tesim":["1096.00 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Indexes (reference sources)--Florida.","Bibliographies--Florida.","Census records--Florida.","Oral histories--Florida."],"date_range_isim":[1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers, dependent on our compliance with U.S. Copyright Law, HIPPA requirements, donor agreements and other applicable state and federal statutes.  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Records include research bibliographies and research publications dealing with the history of the Creek Indians from earliest settlement to 1980, census records, claims made to the federal government in 1906 and 1957, a newspaper index of materials about the Creeks in Northwest Florida (1950-1980), records about the efforts toward formal recognition, and oral histories of Creek Indians of Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA detailed inventory of the oral histories, narrators, and subjects is available.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Records and papers pertaining to the Creek Indians of Northwest Florida, collected by the University of West Florida faculty members, Jane Dysart and Lucius Ellsworth, as part of a grant project.  Records include research bibliographies and research publications dealing with the history of the Creek Indians from earliest settlement to 1980, census records, claims made to the federal government in 1906 and 1957, a newspaper index of materials about the Creeks in Northwest Florida (1950-1980), records about the efforts toward formal recognition, and oral histories of Creek Indians of Florida.","A detailed inventory of the oral histories, narrators, and subjects is available."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigital photography, scanning, and photocopying of materials is prohibited.  Permission may be granted by the Special Collections Librarian for such reprography dependent on issues of copyright, ownership, condition, donor agreements, etc.  In general, staff do not make reproductions of copyright materials or materials for which title is not owned by the institution.  Recent revisions in the U.S. Copyright Law extended the copyright of correspondence, letters, and other personal papers to the life of the author plus seventy years.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections does not have signed releases for all of the oral history tapes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Digital photography, scanning, and photocopying of materials is prohibited.  Permission may be granted by the Special Collections Librarian for such reprography dependent on issues of copyright, ownership, condition, donor agreements, etc.  In general, staff do not make reproductions of copyright materials or materials for which title is not owned by the institution.  Recent revisions in the U.S. Copyright Law extended the copyright of correspondence, letters, and other personal papers to the life of the author plus seventy years.","Special Collections does not have signed releases for all of the oral history tapes."],"names_ssim":["UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center","Dysart, Jane.","Ellsworth, Lucius F."],"corpname_ssim":["UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Ellsworth, Lucius F.","Dysart, Jane."],"persname_ssim":["Dysart, Jane.","Ellsworth, Lucius F."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":109,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870863398917373952,"_root_":"9103edeb73f113d6780867e7","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:32:53.050Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"9103edeb73f113d6780867e7","title_ssm":["Creek Indian Project Records"],"title_tesim":["Creek Indian Project Records"],"ead_ssi":"9103edeb73f113d6780867e7","unitdate_ssm":["1817-1981","1950-1981","Date acquired: 06/00/1981"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1950-1981"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1817-1981"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 06/00/1981"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M1981-07","/repositories/2/resources/158"],"text":["M1981-07","/repositories/2/resources/158","Creek Indian Project Records, 1817-1981, Date acquired: 06/00/1981, bulk 1950-1981","Creek Indians--Florida.","Indexes (reference sources)--Florida.","Bibliographies--Florida.","Census records--Florida.","Oral histories--Florida.","Open to researchers, dependent on our compliance with U.S. Copyright Law, HIPPA requirements, donor agreements and other applicable state and federal statutes.  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Permission may be granted by the Special Collections Librarian for such reprography dependent on issues of copyright, ownership, condition, donor agreements, etc.  In general, staff do not make reproductions of copyright materials or materials for which title is not owned by the institution.  Recent revisions in the U.S. Copyright Law extended the copyright of correspondence, letters, and other personal papers to the life of the author plus seventy years.","Special Collections does not have signed releases for all of the oral history tapes.","UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center","Dysart, Jane.","Ellsworth, Lucius F.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M1981-07","/repositories/2/resources/158"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1817-1981, Date acquired: 06/00/1981, bulk 1950-1981"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Creek Indian Project Records, 1817-1981, Date acquired: 06/00/1981, bulk 1950-1981"],"collection_title_tesim":["Creek Indian Project Records, 1817-1981, Date acquired: 06/00/1981, bulk 1950-1981"],"collection_ssim":["Creek Indian Project Records, 1817-1981, Date acquired: 06/00/1981, bulk 1950-1981"],"repository_ssm":["UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center"],"repository_ssim":["UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center"],"creator_ssm":["Dysart, Jane.","Ellsworth, Lucius F."],"creator_ssim":["Dysart, Jane.","Ellsworth, Lucius F."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Dysart, Jane.","Ellsworth, Lucius F."],"creators_ssim":["Dysart, Jane.","Ellsworth, Lucius F."],"access_terms_ssm":["Digital photography, scanning, and photocopying of materials is prohibited.  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Recent revisions in the U.S. Copyright Law extended the copyright of correspondence, letters, and other personal papers to the life of the author plus seventy years.","Special Collections does not have signed releases for all of the oral history tapes."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Dr. Jane Dysart and Dr. Lucius Ellsworth, June 1981"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Creek Indians--Florida.","Indexes (reference sources)--Florida.","Bibliographies--Florida.","Census records--Florida.","Oral histories--Florida."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Creek Indians--Florida.","Indexes (reference sources)--Florida.","Bibliographies--Florida.","Census records--Florida.","Oral histories--Florida."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1096.00 items"],"extent_tesim":["1096.00 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Indexes (reference sources)--Florida.","Bibliographies--Florida.","Census records--Florida.","Oral histories--Florida."],"date_range_isim":[1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers, dependent on our compliance with U.S. Copyright Law, HIPPA requirements, donor agreements and other applicable state and federal statutes.  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Records include research bibliographies and research publications dealing with the history of the Creek Indians from earliest settlement to 1980, census records, claims made to the federal government in 1906 and 1957, a newspaper index of materials about the Creeks in Northwest Florida (1950-1980), records about the efforts toward formal recognition, and oral histories of Creek Indians of Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA detailed inventory of the oral histories, narrators, and subjects is available.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Records and papers pertaining to the Creek Indians of Northwest Florida, collected by the University of West Florida faculty members, Jane Dysart and Lucius Ellsworth, as part of a grant project.  Records include research bibliographies and research publications dealing with the history of the Creek Indians from earliest settlement to 1980, census records, claims made to the federal government in 1906 and 1957, a newspaper index of materials about the Creeks in Northwest Florida (1950-1980), records about the efforts toward formal recognition, and oral histories of Creek Indians of Florida.","A detailed inventory of the oral histories, narrators, and subjects is available."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigital photography, scanning, and photocopying of materials is prohibited.  Permission may be granted by the Special Collections Librarian for such reprography dependent on issues of copyright, ownership, condition, donor agreements, etc.  In general, staff do not make reproductions of copyright materials or materials for which title is not owned by the institution.  Recent revisions in the U.S. Copyright Law extended the copyright of correspondence, letters, and other personal papers to the life of the author plus seventy years.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections does not have signed releases for all of the oral history tapes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Digital photography, scanning, and photocopying of materials is prohibited.  Permission may be granted by the Special Collections Librarian for such reprography dependent on issues of copyright, ownership, condition, donor agreements, etc.  In general, staff do not make reproductions of copyright materials or materials for which title is not owned by the institution.  Recent revisions in the U.S. Copyright Law extended the copyright of correspondence, letters, and other personal papers to the life of the author plus seventy years.","Special Collections does not have signed releases for all of the oral history tapes."],"names_ssim":["UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center","Dysart, Jane.","Ellsworth, Lucius F."],"corpname_ssim":["UWF University Archives and West Florida History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Ellsworth, Lucius F.","Dysart, Jane."],"persname_ssim":["Dysart, Jane.","Ellsworth, Lucius F."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":109,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870863398917373952,"_root_":"9103edeb73f113d6780867e7","timestamp":"2026-07-16T09:32:53.050Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/9103edeb73f113d6780867e7"}},{"id":"9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8_aspace_f58434e9ca38a6d2767b69285ac8eda9","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Cronología de Cuba y Miami, 1868-1959","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8_aspace_f58434e9ca38a6d2767b69285ac8eda9#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_f58434e9ca38a6d2767b69285ac8eda9","ref_ssm":["aspace_f58434e9ca38a6d2767b69285ac8eda9","aspace_f58434e9ca38a6d2767b69285ac8eda9"],"id":"9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8_aspace_f58434e9ca38a6d2767b69285ac8eda9","title_filing_ssi":"Cronología de Cuba y Miami","title_ssm":["Cronología de Cuba y Miami"],"title_tesim":["Cronología de Cuba y Miami"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1868-1959"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1868-1959"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cronología de Cuba y Miami, 1868-1959"],"text":["Cronología de Cuba y Miami, 1868-1959","Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975","Series I: Published Materials","Box 3","9","/repositories/2/archival_objects/79289","Spanish; Castilian","Box 3","folder 9"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ids_ssim":["9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8","9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8_aspace_427d17a15995ff9e2faef70d6aa60f6e","9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8_aspace_31eef7e6e892426324c296b6895ec24f"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975","Series I: Published Materials","Box 3"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975","Series I: Published Materials","Box 3"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Box 3"],"unitid_ssm":["9","/repositories/2/archival_objects/79289"],"repository_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":94,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"date_range_isim":[1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959],"language_ssim":["Spanish; Castilian"],"containers_ssim":["Box 3","folder 9"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#2/components#8","_nest_parent_":"9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8_aspace_31eef7e6e892426324c296b6895ec24f","_root_":"9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8","_version_":1870844454512885760,"timestamp":"2026-07-16T04:31:46.251Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8","title_ssm":["Cuban Archives"],"title_tesim":["Cuban Archives"],"ead_ssi":"9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8","unitdate_ssm":["1786-1989","1960-1975"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1960-1975"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1786-1989"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SPC2000","/repositories/2/resources/114"],"text":["SPC2000","/repositories/2/resources/114","Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into three Series: ","Series I: Published Materials\nSeries II: Visual/Audio Materials\nSeries III: Oversized Materials","La colección incluye periódicos, correspondencia, documentos oficiales y papeles personales sobre el comunismo, con un enfoque en las Américas. La mayor parte de la colección se centra en los exiliados cubanos del regimen de Fidel Castro, y se incluyen noticias internacionales sobre el comunismo. Adicionalmente, la colección incluye documentos del Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil en México y su organizaciones aliadas, con documentos personales de líderes de la DRE como Ángel Fernández González. La mayor parte de los ducumentos incluídos en la colleccion estan en español.","The collection includes newspapers, correspondences, official documents, and personal papers of the effects of Communism particularly in the Americas. Majority of the collection focuses on Cuban exiles, with international news regarding Communism being included. Additionally, the collection includes documents from the Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil in Mexico and allied organizations, with personal documents from leaders of the DRE such as Angel Fernandez Gonzalez. The majority of the document in the collection is in Spanish.","Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general","FIU Special Collections","La gran mayoría de esta colección está en español, con solo unos artículos en inglés, portugués brasileño o alemán.\n\nThe vast majority of this collection is in Spanish, with only a few items in either English, Brazilian Portuguese, or German."],"unitid_tesim":["SPC2000","/repositories/2/resources/114"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975"],"collection_title_tesim":["Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975"],"collection_ssim":["Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975"],"repository_ssm":["FIU Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"access_terms_ssm":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["8 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into three Series: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Published Materials\nSeries II: Visual/Audio Materials\nSeries III: Oversized Materials\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into three Series: ","Series I: Published Materials\nSeries II: Visual/Audio Materials\nSeries III: Oversized Materials"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLa colecci\u0026#xF3;n incluye peri\u0026#xF3;dicos, correspondencia, documentos oficiales y papeles personales sobre el comunismo, con un enfoque en las Am\u0026#xE9;ricas. La mayor parte de la colecci\u0026#xF3;n se centra en los exiliados cubanos del regimen de Fidel Castro, y se incluyen noticias internacionales sobre el comunismo. Adicionalmente, la colecci\u0026#xF3;n incluye documentos del Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil en M\u0026#xE9;xico y su organizaciones aliadas, con documentos personales de l\u0026#xED;deres de la DRE como \u0026#xC1;ngel Fern\u0026#xE1;ndez Gonz\u0026#xE1;lez. La mayor parte de los ducumentos inclu\u0026#xED;dos en la colleccion estan en espa\u0026#xF1;ol.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes newspapers, correspondences, official documents, and personal papers of the effects of Communism particularly in the Americas. Majority of the collection focuses on Cuban exiles, with international news regarding Communism being included. Additionally, the collection includes documents from the Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil in Mexico and allied organizations, with personal documents from leaders of the DRE such as Angel Fernandez Gonzalez. The majority of the document in the collection is in Spanish.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["La colección incluye periódicos, correspondencia, documentos oficiales y papeles personales sobre el comunismo, con un enfoque en las Américas. La mayor parte de la colección se centra en los exiliados cubanos del regimen de Fidel Castro, y se incluyen noticias internacionales sobre el comunismo. Adicionalmente, la colección incluye documentos del Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil en México y su organizaciones aliadas, con documentos personales de líderes de la DRE como Ángel Fernández González. La mayor parte de los ducumentos incluídos en la colleccion estan en español.","The collection includes newspapers, correspondences, official documents, and personal papers of the effects of Communism particularly in the Americas. Majority of the collection focuses on Cuban exiles, with international news regarding Communism being included. Additionally, the collection includes documents from the Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil in Mexico and allied organizations, with personal documents from leaders of the DRE such as Angel Fernandez Gonzalez. The majority of the document in the collection is in Spanish."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections \u0026amp; University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"names_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["La gran mayoría de esta colección está en español, con solo unos artículos en inglés, portugués brasileño o alemán.\n\nThe vast majority of this collection is in Spanish, with only a few items in either English, Brazilian Portuguese, or German."],"total_component_count_is":369,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870844454512885760,"_root_":"9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8","timestamp":"2026-07-16T04:31:46.251Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8_aspace_f58434e9ca38a6d2767b69285ac8eda9"}},{"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52746","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Cryptanthus, circa 1871-1974","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52746#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_52746","ref_ssm":["aspace_52746","aspace_52746"],"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52746","title_filing_ssi":"Cryptanthus","title_ssm":["Cryptanthus"],"title_tesim":["Cryptanthus"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1871-1974"],"normalized_date_ssm":["circa 1871-1974"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cryptanthus, circa 1871-1974"],"text":["Cryptanthus, circa 1871-1974","Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Subject Files, 1880-2003.","Folder 8-11","/repositories/4/archival_objects/33173"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ids_ssim":["4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52621"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Subject Files, 1880-2003."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Subject Files, 1880-2003."],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 8-11","/repositories/4/archival_objects/33173"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":4,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":1333,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n\n  Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence\n  Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"\n"],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#50","_nest_parent_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52621","_root_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:53:59.490Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","title_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection"],"title_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection"],"ead_ssi":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","unitdate_ssm":["1754-2014"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1754-2014"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148"],"text":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148","Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014","Marineland (Fla.)","Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)","The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"","The collection is divided into eight series by type of file.","Michael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004.","Materials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023.","A large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library  Online Catalog .  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling  and the  Henry Nehrling Papers  are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the  Harry P. Leu Gardens . The  Henry Nehrling Collection  and the  Theodore L. Mead Collection  are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the  Smithsonian Institution Archives .","Series I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.","\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.","\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.","\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.","\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.","\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.","\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.","\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here.","Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder.","Michael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here.","UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society","Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 068","/repositories/4/resources/148"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1754-2014"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"collection_title_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"collection_ssim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, 1754-2014"],"repository_ssm":["UCF Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["UCF Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"creator_ssm":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creator_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"creators_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A."],"places_ssim":["Marineland (Fla.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Some of these materials were donated to and others were purchased by the University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives from Michael A. Spencer in 2006 (CFM2006_09), 2011 (CFM2011_02), 2012 (CFM2012_10), and 2014 (CFM2014_01)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Botany","Botany -- Brazil","Bromeliaceae","Bromelin","Cooking (Pineapples)","Pineapple","Plant hybridization","botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["130 Linear Feet 259 boxes, 2 flat files"],"extent_tesim":["130 Linear Feet 259 boxes, 2 flat files"],"genreform_ssim":["botanical illustrations","negatives (photographs)","Photographic prints","slides (photographs)"],"date_range_isim":[1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBoxes 180-181: Personal correspondence\u003c/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBoxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\"\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The entire collection is open for research except for the following:\n Boxes 180-181: Personal correspondence Boxes 213-214: Manuscript of \"Brazil: Orchid of the Tropics\""],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into eight series by type of file.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into eight series by type of file."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer was born in Orlando and grew up in Winter Garden, Florida. He worked at Sand Hill Nursery near Lake Avalon and the Land of Bromeliads in Gotha before finding employment with Julian Nally. After the Nally estate was sold, Spencer worked for Racine Foster at Bromel-La. He graduated from UCF in 1990 summa cum laude with a BA in Liberal Studies and then found employment with Lyman B. Smith at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. Michael Spencer named a genus of bromeliads \"Racinaea\" in honor of Racine Foster. While engaged in his research, Spencer amassed this collection of materials concerning bromeliads and their collectors. He now lives in Frederick, Maryland where he has served on the Historic Preservation Commission since 2004."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer Bromeliad Research Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Materials were rehoused in pH neutral folders and cartons. Photographs, negatives and slides were enclosed in polyester sleeves. Many of the materials were well organized and the arrangement was retained. The remainder were arranged by following the original arrangement as far as possible. Notes on folders were retained in the new folder. Paper clips were replaced with plastic clips or materials that belonged together were held together in a pH neutral paper sleeve. Loose-leaf notebooks that were badly rusted were discarded and the contents placed in folders. Items loose in the back of notebooks were foldered separately and marked accordingly. Notes from a film canister were written exactly as found as the label could not be removed. Albums falling apart were taken apart and foldered. Albums in reasonable condition had the photographs attached properly with corners and the pages interleaved to prevent sticking. Loose album pages in the Foster subseries on Plant Information were merely foldered as they were not in an album and were found without context. Collecion rehoused and finding aid revised by Chynna Thomas in 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library \u003cextref href=\"https://library.ucf.edu\"\u003eOnline Catalog\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08c\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally\u003c/extref\u003e, \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08b\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead\u003c/extref\u003e, \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2006-08a\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling\u003c/extref\u003e and the \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM1999-03\"\u003eHenry Nehrling Papers\u003c/extref\u003e are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the \u003cextref href=\"http://www.leugardens.org/\"\u003eHarry P. Leu Gardens\u003c/extref\u003e. The \u003cextref href=\"https://aspace.rollins.edu/repositories/2/resources/4\"\u003eHenry Nehrling Collection\u003c/extref\u003e and the \u003cextref href=\"https://aspace.rollins.edu/repositories/2/resources/97\"\u003eTheodore L. Mead Collection\u003c/extref\u003e are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the \u003cextref href=\"http://siarchives.si.edu/\"\u003eSmithsonian Institution Archives\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["A large book collection accompanies this collection and may be accessed by performing a series search \"Michael A. Spencer Collection\" in the UCF Library  Online Catalog .  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Julian Nally ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Theodore Mead ,  Michael A. Spencer Collection on Henry Nehrling  and the  Henry Nehrling Papers  are also available in Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries. Some paintings by Mulford Foster are held at the  Harry P. Leu Gardens . The  Henry Nehrling Collection  and the  Theodore L. Mead Collection  are held at Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida. Lyman Smith's Papers are held at the  Smithsonian Institution Archives ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series I: Mulford and Racine Foster Files, 1910-1991 documents the work of these two individuals in discovering and propagating bromeliads. Correspondence, publications, notebooks, drawings, research materials, memorabilia and photographs show all aspects of their work including plant collecting, landscape designing and publishing. Photographs may be black and white or color prints, negatives or slides. Additional materials about the Fosters may be found in Series II and III.","\nSeries II: Subject Files, 1880-2003 contains catalogues, journals, photographs, memorabilia and correspondence that Michael Spencer brought together under his chosen subject headings and arranged alphabetically. Many of the materials in this series originally came from Mulford and Racine Foster, which means that there is some overlap with the previous series. Spencer's own collecting interest lay in documenting the importance of bromeliads in society, and he collected many common items that showed bromeliads, especially pineapples.","\nSeries III: Author Files, 1754-1997 includes a variety of media used for research, such as articles, books, magazines, newspaper clippings, and photographs. There are a significant number of materials authored by Mulford and Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith, including original manuscripts.","\nSeries IV: Plants by Family Files, 1908-1990 contains alphabetical files on plant families, which include newspaper clippings, books and other research materials.","\nSeries V: Natural History Files, 1853-1997 holds alphabetical files on a wide range of natural history topics including plant societies, authors, drugs and diseases. The files contain published materials, photocopies, web resources, plant and geological samples that document's Michael's Spencer's considerable research interests.","\nSeries VI: Medicinal Files, 1988-1996 contains alphabetical files on diseases and therapies. Not all these files relate to plants though many of them concern natural therapies.","\nSeries VII: Lyman Smith Files: 1905-1994 holds alphabetical files that belonged to Lyman B. Smith. His notebooks, manscripts, teaching materials and correspondence may all be found here.","\nSeries VIII: Personal Files, 1863-2014 contains alphabetical files showing Spencer's interest in collecting books and his wide interests. Materials that do not clearly belong in the other series may be found here."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Copyright Statement"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository, donor and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8e33310d6b1a70e4d88f1e2d3043cf71\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eMichael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Michael A. Spencer assembled this collection of publications, photographs, drawings, correspondence programs and other materials focusing on the discovery, taxonomy and cultivation of bromeliads. Mulford B. Foster, Racine Foster and Lyman B. Smith are among the significant bromeliad collectors whose work is documented here."],"names_coll_ssim":["Bromeliad Society","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"names_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society","Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"corpname_ssim":["UCF Special Collections","Bromeliad Society"],"persname_ssim":["Spencer, Michael A.","Smith, Lyman B.","Foster, Mulford B. (Mulford Bateman), 1888-1978","Foster, Racine, 1910-1991"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3662,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2","timestamp":"2026-07-11T02:53:59.490Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4674dbbf638dff3316591cb2_aspace_52746"}},{"id":"9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eLa colección incluye periódicos, correspondencia, documentos oficiales y papeles personales sobre el comunismo, con un enfoque en las Américas. La mayor parte de la colección se centra en los exiliados cubanos del regimen de Fidel Castro, y se incluyen noticias internacionales sobre el comunismo. Adicionalmente, la colección incluye documentos del Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil en México y su organizaciones aliadas, con documentos personales de líderes de la DRE como Ángel Fernández González. La mayor parte de los ducumentos incluídos en la colleccion estan en español.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8","title_ssm":["Cuban Archives"],"title_tesim":["Cuban Archives"],"ead_ssi":"9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8","unitdate_ssm":["1786-1989","1960-1975"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1960-1975"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1786-1989"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SPC2000","/repositories/2/resources/114"],"text":["SPC2000","/repositories/2/resources/114","Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into three Series: ","Series I: Published Materials\nSeries II: Visual/Audio Materials\nSeries III: Oversized Materials","La colección incluye periódicos, correspondencia, documentos oficiales y papeles personales sobre el comunismo, con un enfoque en las Américas. La mayor parte de la colección se centra en los exiliados cubanos del regimen de Fidel Castro, y se incluyen noticias internacionales sobre el comunismo. Adicionalmente, la colección incluye documentos del Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil en México y su organizaciones aliadas, con documentos personales de líderes de la DRE como Ángel Fernández González. La mayor parte de los ducumentos incluídos en la colleccion estan en español.","The collection includes newspapers, correspondences, official documents, and personal papers of the effects of Communism particularly in the Americas. Majority of the collection focuses on Cuban exiles, with international news regarding Communism being included. Additionally, the collection includes documents from the Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil in Mexico and allied organizations, with personal documents from leaders of the DRE such as Angel Fernandez Gonzalez. The majority of the document in the collection is in Spanish.","Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general","FIU Special Collections","La gran mayoría de esta colección está en español, con solo unos artículos en inglés, portugués brasileño o alemán.\n\nThe vast majority of this collection is in Spanish, with only a few items in either English, Brazilian Portuguese, or German."],"unitid_tesim":["SPC2000","/repositories/2/resources/114"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975"],"collection_title_tesim":["Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975"],"collection_ssim":["Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975"],"repository_ssm":["FIU Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"access_terms_ssm":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["8 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into three Series: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Published Materials\nSeries II: Visual/Audio Materials\nSeries III: Oversized Materials\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into three Series: ","Series I: Published Materials\nSeries II: Visual/Audio Materials\nSeries III: Oversized Materials"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLa colecci\u0026#xF3;n incluye peri\u0026#xF3;dicos, correspondencia, documentos oficiales y papeles personales sobre el comunismo, con un enfoque en las Am\u0026#xE9;ricas. La mayor parte de la colecci\u0026#xF3;n se centra en los exiliados cubanos del regimen de Fidel Castro, y se incluyen noticias internacionales sobre el comunismo. Adicionalmente, la colecci\u0026#xF3;n incluye documentos del Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil en M\u0026#xE9;xico y su organizaciones aliadas, con documentos personales de l\u0026#xED;deres de la DRE como \u0026#xC1;ngel Fern\u0026#xE1;ndez Gonz\u0026#xE1;lez. La mayor parte de los ducumentos inclu\u0026#xED;dos en la colleccion estan en espa\u0026#xF1;ol.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes newspapers, correspondences, official documents, and personal papers of the effects of Communism particularly in the Americas. Majority of the collection focuses on Cuban exiles, with international news regarding Communism being included. Additionally, the collection includes documents from the Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil in Mexico and allied organizations, with personal documents from leaders of the DRE such as Angel Fernandez Gonzalez. The majority of the document in the collection is in Spanish.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["La colección incluye periódicos, correspondencia, documentos oficiales y papeles personales sobre el comunismo, con un enfoque en las Américas. La mayor parte de la colección se centra en los exiliados cubanos del regimen de Fidel Castro, y se incluyen noticias internacionales sobre el comunismo. Adicionalmente, la colección incluye documentos del Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil en México y su organizaciones aliadas, con documentos personales de líderes de la DRE como Ángel Fernández González. La mayor parte de los ducumentos incluídos en la colleccion estan en español.","The collection includes newspapers, correspondences, official documents, and personal papers of the effects of Communism particularly in the Americas. Majority of the collection focuses on Cuban exiles, with international news regarding Communism being included. Additionally, the collection includes documents from the Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil in Mexico and allied organizations, with personal documents from leaders of the DRE such as Angel Fernandez Gonzalez. The majority of the document in the collection is in Spanish."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections \u0026amp; University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"names_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["La gran mayoría de esta colección está en español, con solo unos artículos en inglés, portugués brasileño o alemán.\n\nThe vast majority of this collection is in Spanish, with only a few items in either English, Brazilian Portuguese, or German."],"total_component_count_is":369,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870844454512885760,"_root_":"9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8","timestamp":"2026-07-16T04:31:46.251Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8","title_ssm":["Cuban Archives"],"title_tesim":["Cuban Archives"],"ead_ssi":"9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8","unitdate_ssm":["1786-1989","1960-1975"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1960-1975"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1786-1989"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SPC2000","/repositories/2/resources/114"],"text":["SPC2000","/repositories/2/resources/114","Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into three Series: ","Series I: Published Materials\nSeries II: Visual/Audio Materials\nSeries III: Oversized Materials","La colección incluye periódicos, correspondencia, documentos oficiales y papeles personales sobre el comunismo, con un enfoque en las Américas. La mayor parte de la colección se centra en los exiliados cubanos del regimen de Fidel Castro, y se incluyen noticias internacionales sobre el comunismo. Adicionalmente, la colección incluye documentos del Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil en México y su organizaciones aliadas, con documentos personales de líderes de la DRE como Ángel Fernández González. La mayor parte de los ducumentos incluídos en la colleccion estan en español.","The collection includes newspapers, correspondences, official documents, and personal papers of the effects of Communism particularly in the Americas. Majority of the collection focuses on Cuban exiles, with international news regarding Communism being included. Additionally, the collection includes documents from the Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil in Mexico and allied organizations, with personal documents from leaders of the DRE such as Angel Fernandez Gonzalez. The majority of the document in the collection is in Spanish.","Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general","FIU Special Collections","La gran mayoría de esta colección está en español, con solo unos artículos en inglés, portugués brasileño o alemán.\n\nThe vast majority of this collection is in Spanish, with only a few items in either English, Brazilian Portuguese, or German."],"unitid_tesim":["SPC2000","/repositories/2/resources/114"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975"],"collection_title_tesim":["Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975"],"collection_ssim":["Cuban Archives, 1786-1989, bulk 1960-1975"],"repository_ssm":["FIU Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"access_terms_ssm":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["8 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into three Series: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Published Materials\nSeries II: Visual/Audio Materials\nSeries III: Oversized Materials\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into three Series: ","Series I: Published Materials\nSeries II: Visual/Audio Materials\nSeries III: Oversized Materials"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLa colecci\u0026#xF3;n incluye peri\u0026#xF3;dicos, correspondencia, documentos oficiales y papeles personales sobre el comunismo, con un enfoque en las Am\u0026#xE9;ricas. La mayor parte de la colecci\u0026#xF3;n se centra en los exiliados cubanos del regimen de Fidel Castro, y se incluyen noticias internacionales sobre el comunismo. Adicionalmente, la colecci\u0026#xF3;n incluye documentos del Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil en M\u0026#xE9;xico y su organizaciones aliadas, con documentos personales de l\u0026#xED;deres de la DRE como \u0026#xC1;ngel Fern\u0026#xE1;ndez Gonz\u0026#xE1;lez. La mayor parte de los ducumentos inclu\u0026#xED;dos en la colleccion estan en espa\u0026#xF1;ol.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes newspapers, correspondences, official documents, and personal papers of the effects of Communism particularly in the Americas. Majority of the collection focuses on Cuban exiles, with international news regarding Communism being included. Additionally, the collection includes documents from the Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil in Mexico and allied organizations, with personal documents from leaders of the DRE such as Angel Fernandez Gonzalez. The majority of the document in the collection is in Spanish.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["La colección incluye periódicos, correspondencia, documentos oficiales y papeles personales sobre el comunismo, con un enfoque en las Américas. La mayor parte de la colección se centra en los exiliados cubanos del regimen de Fidel Castro, y se incluyen noticias internacionales sobre el comunismo. Adicionalmente, la colección incluye documentos del Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil en México y su organizaciones aliadas, con documentos personales de líderes de la DRE como Ángel Fernández González. La mayor parte de los ducumentos incluídos en la colleccion estan en español.","The collection includes newspapers, correspondences, official documents, and personal papers of the effects of Communism particularly in the Americas. Majority of the collection focuses on Cuban exiles, with international news regarding Communism being included. Additionally, the collection includes documents from the Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil in Mexico and allied organizations, with personal documents from leaders of the DRE such as Angel Fernandez Gonzalez. The majority of the document in the collection is in Spanish."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections \u0026amp; University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Rights: In copyright. Standardized rights statement: https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/","Special Collections \u0026 University Archives provides copies of materials in our collections for private study, scholarship, or research. Patrons are responsible for determining the proper copyright holder and securing permission to publish, quote, broadcast, exhibit, or perform that work. FIU Special Collections will provide all available information about the copyright holder of materials found in our collections.","For more information please visit: https://library.fiu.edu/find/copyright/general"],"names_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["La gran mayoría de esta colección está en español, con solo unos artículos en inglés, portugués brasileño o alemán.\n\nThe vast majority of this collection is in Spanish, with only a few items in either English, Brazilian Portuguese, or German."],"total_component_count_is":369,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870844454512885760,"_root_":"9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8","timestamp":"2026-07-16T04:31:46.251Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/9538d40a3a2552d60fae89b8"}},{"id":"02af2cf74127deeeeb9c1994_aspace_734d2df73603c3eb83918ae0332f20d6","type":"Drawer","attributes":{"title":"Cuban maps and ephemera, 1891-1958","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/02af2cf74127deeeeb9c1994_aspace_734d2df73603c3eb83918ae0332f20d6#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["This collection consists of Spanish language articles, posters, and maps relating to the nation of Cuba."],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/02af2cf74127deeeeb9c1994_aspace_734d2df73603c3eb83918ae0332f20d6#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_734d2df73603c3eb83918ae0332f20d6","ref_ssm":["aspace_734d2df73603c3eb83918ae0332f20d6","aspace_734d2df73603c3eb83918ae0332f20d6"],"id":"02af2cf74127deeeeb9c1994_aspace_734d2df73603c3eb83918ae0332f20d6","title_filing_ssi":"Cuban maps and ephemera","title_ssm":["Cuban maps and ephemera"],"title_tesim":["Cuban maps and ephemera"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1891-1958"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1891-1958"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cuban maps and ephemera, 1891-1958"],"text":["Cuban maps and ephemera, 1891-1958","Mostly Florida Broadsides and Ephemera, bulk 1869-1958","Folder 8","/repositories/2/archival_objects/177279","Cuba","Spanish; Castilian English","case 7","The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","This collection consists of Spanish language articles, posters, and maps relating to the nation of Cuba.","Map case 7, drawer 7"],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["02af2cf74127deeeeb9c1994"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Mostly Florida Broadsides and Ephemera, bulk 1869-1958"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Mostly Florida Broadsides and Ephemera, bulk 1869-1958"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Folder 8","/repositories/2/archival_objects/177279"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"collection_ssim":["Mostly Florida Broadsides and Ephemera, bulk 1869-1958"],"extent_ssm":["1 folders"],"extent_tesim":["1 folders"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Drawer"],"level_ssim":["Drawer"],"sort_isi":8,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"date_range_isim":[1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958],"geogname_ssim":["Cuba"],"geogname_ssm":["Cuba"],"places_ssim":["Cuba"],"language_ssim":["Spanish; Castilian English"],"containers_ssim":["case 7"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_356ded5dcff4d36fa2a99effd530f776\"\u003eThis collection consists of Spanish language articles, posters, and maps relating to the nation of Cuba.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of Spanish language articles, posters, and maps relating to the nation of Cuba."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_81eef74e1655d05adf17df17cad87d8a\"\u003eMap case 7, drawer 7\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Map case 7, drawer 7"],"_nest_path_":"/components#7","_nest_parent_":"02af2cf74127deeeeb9c1994","_root_":"02af2cf74127deeeeb9c1994","timestamp":"2026-07-08T05:38:11.968Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"02af2cf74127deeeeb9c1994","title_ssm":["Mostly Florida Broadsides and Ephemera"],"title_tesim":["Mostly Florida Broadsides and Ephemera"],"ead_ssi":"02af2cf74127deeeeb9c1994","unitdate_ssm":["1869-1958"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1869-1958"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-2023-08","/repositories/2/resources/629"],"text":["MS-2023-08","/repositories/2/resources/629","Mostly Florida Broadsides and Ephemera, bulk 1869-1958","Cuba","Tampa (Fla.) -- Newspapers","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Florida -- Politics and government","World War, 1914-1918","World War, 1939-1945","Almanac.","Spanish Civil War, Spain, 1936-1939","Spanish-American War, 1898","Political campaigns -- United States","None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.","This collection contains assorted over-sized illustrations, advertisements, and graphics.","None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information.","Map case 7, drawer 7","USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections","English Spanish; Castilian"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-2023-08","/repositories/2/resources/629"],"normalized_date_ssm":["bulk 1869-1958"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mostly Florida Broadsides and Ephemera, bulk 1869-1958"],"collection_title_tesim":["Mostly Florida Broadsides and Ephemera, bulk 1869-1958"],"collection_ssim":["Mostly Florida Broadsides and Ephemera, bulk 1869-1958"],"repository_ssm":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"geogname_ssm":["Cuba","Tampa (Fla.) -- Newspapers","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Florida -- Politics and government"],"geogname_ssim":["Cuba","Tampa (Fla.) -- Newspapers","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Florida -- Politics and government"],"places_ssim":["Cuba","Tampa (Fla.) -- Newspapers","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Florida -- Politics and government"],"access_terms_ssm":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1914-1918","World War, 1939-1945","Almanac.","Spanish Civil War, Spain, 1936-1939","Spanish-American War, 1898","Political campaigns -- United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1914-1918","World War, 1939-1945","Almanac.","Spanish Civil War, Spain, 1936-1939","Spanish-American War, 1898","Political campaigns -- United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9 folders"],"extent_tesim":["9 folders"],"date_range_isim":[1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of this collection may be subject to copyright. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for more information."],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains assorted over-sized illustrations, advertisements, and graphics.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains assorted over-sized illustrations, advertisements, and graphics."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u0026#xA0;The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.\u0026#xA0; Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at \u003cextref href=\"http://www.copyright.gov/\"\u003ehttp://www.copyright.gov/\u003c/extref\u003e for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["None. The contents of the collection may be subject to copyright.  Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at  http://www.copyright.gov/  for more information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_6b498e47089557c89bed8852fd12c3d2\"\u003eMap case 7, drawer 7\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Map case 7, drawer 7"],"names_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["USF Libraries - Tampa Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["English Spanish; Castilian"],"total_component_count_is":9,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"02af2cf74127deeeeb9c1994","timestamp":"2026-07-08T05:38:11.968Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/02af2cf74127deeeeb9c1994_aspace_734d2df73603c3eb83918ae0332f20d6"}},{"id":"aa862cad77720b140698c8fb","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Cuban Stamps Collection, 1855-1968","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/aa862cad77720b140698c8fb#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Collection of Cuban stamps from the mid-19th century to the mid-20th century."],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/aa862cad77720b140698c8fb#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"aa862cad77720b140698c8fb","title_ssm":["Cuban Stamps Collection"],"title_tesim":["Cuban Stamps Collection"],"ead_ssi":"aa862cad77720b140698c8fb","unitdate_ssm":["1855-1968"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1855-1968"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SPC9070","/repositories/2/resources/131"],"text":["SPC9070","/repositories/2/resources/131","Cuban Stamps Collection, 1855-1968","The collection is open for research.","The Cuban Stamp Collection at Florida International University (FIU) Special Collections offers valuable insight into Cuban history through postage stamps spanning the mid-19th to mid-20th century. These stamps reflect the cultural, social, and political events that shaped Cuba during this transformative period. From being under Spanish colonial rule, to the establishment of the Cuban Republic, and the rise of the Cuban Revolution, these historical events are mirrored in the stamps themselves. In 1855, Cuba issued its first postage stamp under Spanish rule, marking the beginning of its postal service. During this period, the stamps were heavily influenced by Spain and featured imagery of the Spanish monarchy, reinforcing the connection between the Spanish Empire and Cuba.","As the 19th century came to a close, the Spanish-American War marked a pivotal moment for Cuba, shifting from a colony to an independent nation in 1902. This period saw significant changes on the island, reflected in stamps that showcased national pride, symbols of independence, and images celebrating Cuba's rich history and culture. Additionally, these stamps were used to promote tourism to Cuba. Throughout the 20th century, Cuba experienced global events such as World War I, World War II, and the Great Depression. These events contributed to political instability and frequent government changes, signaling a period of crisis on the island. During the Cold War, as the Soviet Union rose to power, the Cuban Revolution of 1959 began to reshape the nation. The stamps from this period reflect the country's transformation, with imagery of revolutionary figures like Castro and Cienfuegos, and messaging that glorified the revolution and its progress.","This collection captures the evolution of Cuban stamps as a form of communication and propaganda, mirroring the island's growing sense of self-identity and its changing relationship with foreign powers. The stamps feature images of Cuban culture, art, historical figures, national flora and fauna, and the tourism industry, all serving as tools to promote Cuba to the world. Preserving this collection provides an opportunity to explore how Cuba transformed over the course of a century. Researchers can examine the shifting political ideologies, international relations, and national identities reflected in the stamps. The Cuban Stamp Collection at FIU is not only a historical archive but also a testament to the cultural and social changes of the 20th century.","\nEl Cuban Stamp Collection del Florida International University (FIU) Special Collections ofrece una valiosa perspectiva de la historia de Cuba a través de los sellos postales que abarcan desde mediados del siglo XIX hasta mediados del siglo XX. Estos sellos reflejan los eventos culturales, sociales y políticos que dieron forma a Cuba durante este período transformador. Desde el dominio colonial español, pasando por la creación de la República Cubana, hasta el surgimiento de la Revolución Cubana, estos eventos históricos se reflejan en los sellos mismos. En 1855, Cuba emitió su primer sello postal bajo el dominio español, marcando el comienzo de su servicio postal. Durante este período, los sellos estuvieron fuertemente influenciados por España e incluían imágenes de la monarquía española, reforzando la conexión entre el Imperio Español y Cuba.","Al final del siglo XIX, la Guerra Hispanoamericana marcó un momento clave para Cuba, pasando de ser una colonia a una nación independiente en 1902. Este período vio cambios significativos en la isla, reflejados en los sellos que mostraban el orgullo nacional, símbolos de independencia e imágenes que celebraban la rica historia y cultura de Cuba. Además, estos sellos fueron utilizados para promover el turismo hacia Cuba. A lo largo del siglo XX, Cuba experimentó eventos globales como la Primera y Segunda Guerra Mundial, y la Gran Depresión. Estos eventos contribuyeron a la inestabilidad política y a los frecuentes cambios de gobierno, lo que señaló un período de crisis en la isla. Durante la Guerra Fría, con el auge de la Unión Soviética, la Revolución Cubana de 1959 comenzó a remodelar la nación. Los sellos de este período reflejan la transformación del país, con imágenes de figuras revolucionarias como Castro y Cienfuegos, y mensajes que glorificaban la revolución y su progreso.","Esta colección captura la evolución de los sellos cubanos como una forma de comunicación y propaganda, reflejando el creciente sentido de identidad nacional de la isla y su cambiante relación con las potencias extranjeras. Los sellos presentan imágenes de la cultura cubana, el arte, figuras históricas, la flora y fauna nacional, y la industria del turismo, todas sirviendo como herramientas para promover Cuba al mundo. Preservar esta colección brinda la oportunidad de explorar cómo Cuba se transformó a lo largo de un siglo. Los investigadores pueden examinar las ideologías políticas cambiantes, las relaciones internacionales y las identidades nacionales reflejadas en los sellos. La Colección de Sellos de Cuba en FIU no es solo un archivo histórico, sino también un testimonio de los cambios culturales y sociales del siglo XX.","The Cuban Stamp Collection at Florida International University (FIU) Special Collections is a comprehensive assortment of postage stamps throughout the history of Cuba during this transformative period during the 20th century. It spans from the mid-19th century to the beginnings of the Cuban Revolution and its after effects. It demonstrates social political change through stamps and how they use this form of media to create propaganda of the revolt. It also shows how they handle international relations with other nations and how it promotes cultural figures, the arts, tourism, animal and plant species, and worldwide events. This collection offers three books worth of stamp collections, ranging from 500-600 individual stamps per book. Preserving these stamps gives opportunity for researchers to find out themselves how the imagery and symbolism evolve as the Cuban Revolution progresses and develops. ","\nLa Cuban Stamp Collection en las Florida International University (FIU) Special Collections es una recopilación integral de sellos postales que abarca la historia de Cuba durante este período transformador del siglo XX. Se extiende desde mediados del siglo XIX hasta los comienzos de la Revolución Cubana y sus efectos posteriores. Demuestra el cambio social y político a través de los sellos y cómo se utiliza este medio como propaganda de la revuelta. También muestra cómo se manejan las relaciones internacionales con otras naciones y cómo se promueven figuras culturales, las artes, el turismo, especies animales y plantas, y eventos mundiales. Esta colección consta de tres libros que contienen colecciones de sellos, con un rango de 500-600 sellos individuales por libro. La preservación de estos sellos ofrece a los investigadores la oportunidad de descubrir por sí mismos cómo evolucionan las imágenes y los símbolos a medida que avanza y se desarrolla la Revolución Cubana.","Rights. The Cuban Stamps Collection are owned by Florida International University. Literary rights as possessed by the donor have been dedicated to public use for research, study, and scholarship. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.","Collection of Cuban stamps from the mid-19th century to the mid-20th century.","FIU Special Collections","English Spanish; Castilian"],"unitid_tesim":["SPC9070","/repositories/2/resources/131"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1855-1968"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cuban Stamps Collection, 1855-1968"],"collection_title_tesim":["Cuban Stamps Collection, 1855-1968"],"collection_ssim":["Cuban Stamps Collection, 1855-1968"],"repository_ssm":["FIU Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"access_terms_ssm":["Rights. The Cuban Stamps Collection are owned by Florida International University. Literary rights as possessed by the donor have been dedicated to public use for research, study, and scholarship. The collection is subject to all copyright laws."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 items"],"extent_tesim":["3 items"],"date_range_isim":[1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Cuban Stamp Collection at Florida International University (FIU) Special Collections offers valuable insight into Cuban history through postage stamps spanning the mid-19th to mid-20th century. These stamps reflect the cultural, social, and political events that shaped Cuba during this transformative period. From being under Spanish colonial rule, to the establishment of the Cuban Republic, and the rise of the Cuban Revolution, these historical events are mirrored in the stamps themselves. In 1855, Cuba issued its first postage stamp under Spanish rule, marking the beginning of its postal service. During this period, the stamps were heavily influenced by Spain and featured imagery of the Spanish monarchy, reinforcing the connection between the Spanish Empire and Cuba.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs the 19th century came to a close, the Spanish-American War marked a pivotal moment for Cuba, shifting from a colony to an independent nation in 1902. This period saw significant changes on the island, reflected in stamps that showcased national pride, symbols of independence, and images celebrating Cuba's rich history and culture. Additionally, these stamps were used to promote tourism to Cuba. Throughout the 20th century, Cuba experienced global events such as World War I, World War II, and the Great Depression. These events contributed to political instability and frequent government changes, signaling a period of crisis on the island. During the Cold War, as the Soviet Union rose to power, the Cuban Revolution of 1959 began to reshape the nation. The stamps from this period reflect the country's transformation, with imagery of revolutionary figures like Castro and Cienfuegos, and messaging that glorified the revolution and its progress.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection captures the evolution of Cuban stamps as a form of communication and propaganda, mirroring the island's growing sense of self-identity and its changing relationship with foreign powers. The stamps feature images of Cuban culture, art, historical figures, national flora and fauna, and the tourism industry, all serving as tools to promote Cuba to the world. Preserving this collection provides an opportunity to explore how Cuba transformed over the course of a century. Researchers can examine the shifting political ideologies, international relations, and national identities reflected in the stamps. The Cuban Stamp Collection at FIU is not only a historical archive but also a testament to the cultural and social changes of the 20th century.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nEl Cuban Stamp Collection del Florida International University (FIU) Special Collections ofrece una valiosa perspectiva de la historia de Cuba a trav\u0026#xE9;s de los sellos postales que abarcan desde mediados del siglo XIX hasta mediados del siglo XX. Estos sellos reflejan los eventos culturales, sociales y pol\u0026#xED;ticos que dieron forma a Cuba durante este per\u0026#xED;odo transformador. Desde el dominio colonial espa\u0026#xF1;ol, pasando por la creaci\u0026#xF3;n de la Rep\u0026#xFA;blica Cubana, hasta el surgimiento de la Revoluci\u0026#xF3;n Cubana, estos eventos hist\u0026#xF3;ricos se reflejan en los sellos mismos. En 1855, Cuba emiti\u0026#xF3; su primer sello postal bajo el dominio espa\u0026#xF1;ol, marcando el comienzo de su servicio postal. Durante este per\u0026#xED;odo, los sellos estuvieron fuertemente influenciados por Espa\u0026#xF1;a e inclu\u0026#xED;an im\u0026#xE1;genes de la monarqu\u0026#xED;a espa\u0026#xF1;ola, reforzando la conexi\u0026#xF3;n entre el Imperio Espa\u0026#xF1;ol y Cuba.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAl final del siglo XIX, la Guerra Hispanoamericana marc\u0026#xF3; un momento clave para Cuba, pasando de ser una colonia a una naci\u0026#xF3;n independiente en 1902. Este per\u0026#xED;odo vio cambios significativos en la isla, reflejados en los sellos que mostraban el orgullo nacional, s\u0026#xED;mbolos de independencia e im\u0026#xE1;genes que celebraban la rica historia y cultura de Cuba. Adem\u0026#xE1;s, estos sellos fueron utilizados para promover el turismo hacia Cuba. A lo largo del siglo XX, Cuba experiment\u0026#xF3; eventos globales como la Primera y Segunda Guerra Mundial, y la Gran Depresi\u0026#xF3;n. Estos eventos contribuyeron a la inestabilidad pol\u0026#xED;tica y a los frecuentes cambios de gobierno, lo que se\u0026#xF1;al\u0026#xF3; un per\u0026#xED;odo de crisis en la isla. Durante la Guerra Fr\u0026#xED;a, con el auge de la Uni\u0026#xF3;n Sovi\u0026#xE9;tica, la Revoluci\u0026#xF3;n Cubana de 1959 comenz\u0026#xF3; a remodelar la naci\u0026#xF3;n. Los sellos de este per\u0026#xED;odo reflejan la transformaci\u0026#xF3;n del pa\u0026#xED;s, con im\u0026#xE1;genes de figuras revolucionarias como Castro y Cienfuegos, y mensajes que glorificaban la revoluci\u0026#xF3;n y su progreso.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEsta colecci\u0026#xF3;n captura la evoluci\u0026#xF3;n de los sellos cubanos como una forma de comunicaci\u0026#xF3;n y propaganda, reflejando el creciente sentido de identidad nacional de la isla y su cambiante relaci\u0026#xF3;n con las potencias extranjeras. Los sellos presentan im\u0026#xE1;genes de la cultura cubana, el arte, figuras hist\u0026#xF3;ricas, la flora y fauna nacional, y la industria del turismo, todas sirviendo como herramientas para promover Cuba al mundo. Preservar esta colecci\u0026#xF3;n brinda la oportunidad de explorar c\u0026#xF3;mo Cuba se transform\u0026#xF3; a lo largo de un siglo. Los investigadores pueden examinar las ideolog\u0026#xED;as pol\u0026#xED;ticas cambiantes, las relaciones internacionales y las identidades nacionales reflejadas en los sellos. La Colecci\u0026#xF3;n de Sellos de Cuba en FIU no es solo un archivo hist\u0026#xF3;rico, sino tambi\u0026#xE9;n un testimonio de los cambios culturales y sociales del siglo XX.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Cuban Stamp Collection at Florida International University (FIU) Special Collections offers valuable insight into Cuban history through postage stamps spanning the mid-19th to mid-20th century. These stamps reflect the cultural, social, and political events that shaped Cuba during this transformative period. From being under Spanish colonial rule, to the establishment of the Cuban Republic, and the rise of the Cuban Revolution, these historical events are mirrored in the stamps themselves. In 1855, Cuba issued its first postage stamp under Spanish rule, marking the beginning of its postal service. During this period, the stamps were heavily influenced by Spain and featured imagery of the Spanish monarchy, reinforcing the connection between the Spanish Empire and Cuba.","As the 19th century came to a close, the Spanish-American War marked a pivotal moment for Cuba, shifting from a colony to an independent nation in 1902. This period saw significant changes on the island, reflected in stamps that showcased national pride, symbols of independence, and images celebrating Cuba's rich history and culture. Additionally, these stamps were used to promote tourism to Cuba. Throughout the 20th century, Cuba experienced global events such as World War I, World War II, and the Great Depression. These events contributed to political instability and frequent government changes, signaling a period of crisis on the island. During the Cold War, as the Soviet Union rose to power, the Cuban Revolution of 1959 began to reshape the nation. The stamps from this period reflect the country's transformation, with imagery of revolutionary figures like Castro and Cienfuegos, and messaging that glorified the revolution and its progress.","This collection captures the evolution of Cuban stamps as a form of communication and propaganda, mirroring the island's growing sense of self-identity and its changing relationship with foreign powers. The stamps feature images of Cuban culture, art, historical figures, national flora and fauna, and the tourism industry, all serving as tools to promote Cuba to the world. Preserving this collection provides an opportunity to explore how Cuba transformed over the course of a century. Researchers can examine the shifting political ideologies, international relations, and national identities reflected in the stamps. The Cuban Stamp Collection at FIU is not only a historical archive but also a testament to the cultural and social changes of the 20th century.","\nEl Cuban Stamp Collection del Florida International University (FIU) Special Collections ofrece una valiosa perspectiva de la historia de Cuba a través de los sellos postales que abarcan desde mediados del siglo XIX hasta mediados del siglo XX. Estos sellos reflejan los eventos culturales, sociales y políticos que dieron forma a Cuba durante este período transformador. Desde el dominio colonial español, pasando por la creación de la República Cubana, hasta el surgimiento de la Revolución Cubana, estos eventos históricos se reflejan en los sellos mismos. En 1855, Cuba emitió su primer sello postal bajo el dominio español, marcando el comienzo de su servicio postal. Durante este período, los sellos estuvieron fuertemente influenciados por España e incluían imágenes de la monarquía española, reforzando la conexión entre el Imperio Español y Cuba.","Al final del siglo XIX, la Guerra Hispanoamericana marcó un momento clave para Cuba, pasando de ser una colonia a una nación independiente en 1902. Este período vio cambios significativos en la isla, reflejados en los sellos que mostraban el orgullo nacional, símbolos de independencia e imágenes que celebraban la rica historia y cultura de Cuba. Además, estos sellos fueron utilizados para promover el turismo hacia Cuba. A lo largo del siglo XX, Cuba experimentó eventos globales como la Primera y Segunda Guerra Mundial, y la Gran Depresión. Estos eventos contribuyeron a la inestabilidad política y a los frecuentes cambios de gobierno, lo que señaló un período de crisis en la isla. Durante la Guerra Fría, con el auge de la Unión Soviética, la Revolución Cubana de 1959 comenzó a remodelar la nación. Los sellos de este período reflejan la transformación del país, con imágenes de figuras revolucionarias como Castro y Cienfuegos, y mensajes que glorificaban la revolución y su progreso.","Esta colección captura la evolución de los sellos cubanos como una forma de comunicación y propaganda, reflejando el creciente sentido de identidad nacional de la isla y su cambiante relación con las potencias extranjeras. Los sellos presentan imágenes de la cultura cubana, el arte, figuras históricas, la flora y fauna nacional, y la industria del turismo, todas sirviendo como herramientas para promover Cuba al mundo. Preservar esta colección brinda la oportunidad de explorar cómo Cuba se transformó a lo largo de un siglo. Los investigadores pueden examinar las ideologías políticas cambiantes, las relaciones internacionales y las identidades nacionales reflejadas en los sellos. La Colección de Sellos de Cuba en FIU no es solo un archivo histórico, sino también un testimonio de los cambios culturales y sociales del siglo XX."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Cuban Stamp Collection at Florida International University (FIU) Special Collections is a comprehensive assortment of postage stamps throughout the history of Cuba during this transformative period during the 20th century. It spans from the mid-19th century to the beginnings of the Cuban Revolution and its after effects. It demonstrates social political change through stamps and how they use this form of media to create propaganda of the revolt. It also shows how they handle international relations with other nations and how it promotes cultural figures, the arts, tourism, animal and plant species, and worldwide events. This collection offers three books worth of stamp collections, ranging from 500-600 individual stamps per book. Preserving these stamps gives opportunity for researchers to find out themselves how the imagery and symbolism evolve as the Cuban Revolution progresses and develops. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nLa Cuban Stamp Collection en las Florida International University (FIU) Special Collections es una recopilaci\u0026#xF3;n integral de sellos postales que abarca la historia de Cuba durante este per\u0026#xED;odo transformador del siglo XX. Se extiende desde mediados del siglo XIX hasta los comienzos de la Revoluci\u0026#xF3;n Cubana y sus efectos posteriores. Demuestra el cambio social y pol\u0026#xED;tico a trav\u0026#xE9;s de los sellos y c\u0026#xF3;mo se utiliza este medio como propaganda de la revuelta. Tambi\u0026#xE9;n muestra c\u0026#xF3;mo se manejan las relaciones internacionales con otras naciones y c\u0026#xF3;mo se promueven figuras culturales, las artes, el turismo, especies animales y plantas, y eventos mundiales. Esta colecci\u0026#xF3;n consta de tres libros que contienen colecciones de sellos, con un rango de 500-600 sellos individuales por libro. La preservaci\u0026#xF3;n de estos sellos ofrece a los investigadores la oportunidad de descubrir por s\u0026#xED; mismos c\u0026#xF3;mo evolucionan las im\u0026#xE1;genes y los s\u0026#xED;mbolos a medida que avanza y se desarrolla la Revoluci\u0026#xF3;n Cubana.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Cuban Stamp Collection at Florida International University (FIU) Special Collections is a comprehensive assortment of postage stamps throughout the history of Cuba during this transformative period during the 20th century. It spans from the mid-19th century to the beginnings of the Cuban Revolution and its after effects. It demonstrates social political change through stamps and how they use this form of media to create propaganda of the revolt. It also shows how they handle international relations with other nations and how it promotes cultural figures, the arts, tourism, animal and plant species, and worldwide events. This collection offers three books worth of stamp collections, ranging from 500-600 individual stamps per book. Preserving these stamps gives opportunity for researchers to find out themselves how the imagery and symbolism evolve as the Cuban Revolution progresses and develops. ","\nLa Cuban Stamp Collection en las Florida International University (FIU) Special Collections es una recopilación integral de sellos postales que abarca la historia de Cuba durante este período transformador del siglo XX. Se extiende desde mediados del siglo XIX hasta los comienzos de la Revolución Cubana y sus efectos posteriores. Demuestra el cambio social y político a través de los sellos y cómo se utiliza este medio como propaganda de la revuelta. También muestra cómo se manejan las relaciones internacionales con otras naciones y cómo se promueven figuras culturales, las artes, el turismo, especies animales y plantas, y eventos mundiales. Esta colección consta de tres libros que contienen colecciones de sellos, con un rango de 500-600 sellos individuales por libro. La preservación de estos sellos ofrece a los investigadores la oportunidad de descubrir por sí mismos cómo evolucionan las imágenes y los símbolos a medida que avanza y se desarrolla la Revolución Cubana."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRights. The Cuban Stamps Collection are owned by Florida International University. Literary rights as possessed by the donor have been dedicated to public use for research, study, and scholarship. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Rights. The Cuban Stamps Collection are owned by Florida International University. Literary rights as possessed by the donor have been dedicated to public use for research, study, and scholarship. The collection is subject to all copyright laws."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4174f2603576483c6691a9df651e17c6\"\u003eCollection of Cuban stamps from the mid-19th century to the mid-20th century.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Collection of Cuban stamps from the mid-19th century to the mid-20th century."],"names_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["English Spanish; Castilian"],"total_component_count_is":3,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"aa862cad77720b140698c8fb","timestamp":"2026-04-21T02:12:13.039Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"aa862cad77720b140698c8fb","title_ssm":["Cuban Stamps Collection"],"title_tesim":["Cuban Stamps Collection"],"ead_ssi":"aa862cad77720b140698c8fb","unitdate_ssm":["1855-1968"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1855-1968"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SPC9070","/repositories/2/resources/131"],"text":["SPC9070","/repositories/2/resources/131","Cuban Stamps Collection, 1855-1968","The collection is open for research.","The Cuban Stamp Collection at Florida International University (FIU) Special Collections offers valuable insight into Cuban history through postage stamps spanning the mid-19th to mid-20th century. These stamps reflect the cultural, social, and political events that shaped Cuba during this transformative period. From being under Spanish colonial rule, to the establishment of the Cuban Republic, and the rise of the Cuban Revolution, these historical events are mirrored in the stamps themselves. In 1855, Cuba issued its first postage stamp under Spanish rule, marking the beginning of its postal service. During this period, the stamps were heavily influenced by Spain and featured imagery of the Spanish monarchy, reinforcing the connection between the Spanish Empire and Cuba.","As the 19th century came to a close, the Spanish-American War marked a pivotal moment for Cuba, shifting from a colony to an independent nation in 1902. This period saw significant changes on the island, reflected in stamps that showcased national pride, symbols of independence, and images celebrating Cuba's rich history and culture. Additionally, these stamps were used to promote tourism to Cuba. Throughout the 20th century, Cuba experienced global events such as World War I, World War II, and the Great Depression. These events contributed to political instability and frequent government changes, signaling a period of crisis on the island. During the Cold War, as the Soviet Union rose to power, the Cuban Revolution of 1959 began to reshape the nation. The stamps from this period reflect the country's transformation, with imagery of revolutionary figures like Castro and Cienfuegos, and messaging that glorified the revolution and its progress.","This collection captures the evolution of Cuban stamps as a form of communication and propaganda, mirroring the island's growing sense of self-identity and its changing relationship with foreign powers. The stamps feature images of Cuban culture, art, historical figures, national flora and fauna, and the tourism industry, all serving as tools to promote Cuba to the world. Preserving this collection provides an opportunity to explore how Cuba transformed over the course of a century. Researchers can examine the shifting political ideologies, international relations, and national identities reflected in the stamps. The Cuban Stamp Collection at FIU is not only a historical archive but also a testament to the cultural and social changes of the 20th century.","\nEl Cuban Stamp Collection del Florida International University (FIU) Special Collections ofrece una valiosa perspectiva de la historia de Cuba a través de los sellos postales que abarcan desde mediados del siglo XIX hasta mediados del siglo XX. Estos sellos reflejan los eventos culturales, sociales y políticos que dieron forma a Cuba durante este período transformador. Desde el dominio colonial español, pasando por la creación de la República Cubana, hasta el surgimiento de la Revolución Cubana, estos eventos históricos se reflejan en los sellos mismos. En 1855, Cuba emitió su primer sello postal bajo el dominio español, marcando el comienzo de su servicio postal. Durante este período, los sellos estuvieron fuertemente influenciados por España e incluían imágenes de la monarquía española, reforzando la conexión entre el Imperio Español y Cuba.","Al final del siglo XIX, la Guerra Hispanoamericana marcó un momento clave para Cuba, pasando de ser una colonia a una nación independiente en 1902. Este período vio cambios significativos en la isla, reflejados en los sellos que mostraban el orgullo nacional, símbolos de independencia e imágenes que celebraban la rica historia y cultura de Cuba. Además, estos sellos fueron utilizados para promover el turismo hacia Cuba. A lo largo del siglo XX, Cuba experimentó eventos globales como la Primera y Segunda Guerra Mundial, y la Gran Depresión. Estos eventos contribuyeron a la inestabilidad política y a los frecuentes cambios de gobierno, lo que señaló un período de crisis en la isla. Durante la Guerra Fría, con el auge de la Unión Soviética, la Revolución Cubana de 1959 comenzó a remodelar la nación. Los sellos de este período reflejan la transformación del país, con imágenes de figuras revolucionarias como Castro y Cienfuegos, y mensajes que glorificaban la revolución y su progreso.","Esta colección captura la evolución de los sellos cubanos como una forma de comunicación y propaganda, reflejando el creciente sentido de identidad nacional de la isla y su cambiante relación con las potencias extranjeras. Los sellos presentan imágenes de la cultura cubana, el arte, figuras históricas, la flora y fauna nacional, y la industria del turismo, todas sirviendo como herramientas para promover Cuba al mundo. Preservar esta colección brinda la oportunidad de explorar cómo Cuba se transformó a lo largo de un siglo. Los investigadores pueden examinar las ideologías políticas cambiantes, las relaciones internacionales y las identidades nacionales reflejadas en los sellos. La Colección de Sellos de Cuba en FIU no es solo un archivo histórico, sino también un testimonio de los cambios culturales y sociales del siglo XX.","The Cuban Stamp Collection at Florida International University (FIU) Special Collections is a comprehensive assortment of postage stamps throughout the history of Cuba during this transformative period during the 20th century. It spans from the mid-19th century to the beginnings of the Cuban Revolution and its after effects. It demonstrates social political change through stamps and how they use this form of media to create propaganda of the revolt. It also shows how they handle international relations with other nations and how it promotes cultural figures, the arts, tourism, animal and plant species, and worldwide events. This collection offers three books worth of stamp collections, ranging from 500-600 individual stamps per book. Preserving these stamps gives opportunity for researchers to find out themselves how the imagery and symbolism evolve as the Cuban Revolution progresses and develops. ","\nLa Cuban Stamp Collection en las Florida International University (FIU) Special Collections es una recopilación integral de sellos postales que abarca la historia de Cuba durante este período transformador del siglo XX. Se extiende desde mediados del siglo XIX hasta los comienzos de la Revolución Cubana y sus efectos posteriores. Demuestra el cambio social y político a través de los sellos y cómo se utiliza este medio como propaganda de la revuelta. También muestra cómo se manejan las relaciones internacionales con otras naciones y cómo se promueven figuras culturales, las artes, el turismo, especies animales y plantas, y eventos mundiales. Esta colección consta de tres libros que contienen colecciones de sellos, con un rango de 500-600 sellos individuales por libro. La preservación de estos sellos ofrece a los investigadores la oportunidad de descubrir por sí mismos cómo evolucionan las imágenes y los símbolos a medida que avanza y se desarrolla la Revolución Cubana.","Rights. The Cuban Stamps Collection are owned by Florida International University. Literary rights as possessed by the donor have been dedicated to public use for research, study, and scholarship. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.","Collection of Cuban stamps from the mid-19th century to the mid-20th century.","FIU Special Collections","English Spanish; Castilian"],"unitid_tesim":["SPC9070","/repositories/2/resources/131"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1855-1968"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cuban Stamps Collection, 1855-1968"],"collection_title_tesim":["Cuban Stamps Collection, 1855-1968"],"collection_ssim":["Cuban Stamps Collection, 1855-1968"],"repository_ssm":["FIU Special Collections"],"repository_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"access_terms_ssm":["Rights. The Cuban Stamps Collection are owned by Florida International University. Literary rights as possessed by the donor have been dedicated to public use for research, study, and scholarship. The collection is subject to all copyright laws."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 items"],"extent_tesim":["3 items"],"date_range_isim":[1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Cuban Stamp Collection at Florida International University (FIU) Special Collections offers valuable insight into Cuban history through postage stamps spanning the mid-19th to mid-20th century. These stamps reflect the cultural, social, and political events that shaped Cuba during this transformative period. From being under Spanish colonial rule, to the establishment of the Cuban Republic, and the rise of the Cuban Revolution, these historical events are mirrored in the stamps themselves. In 1855, Cuba issued its first postage stamp under Spanish rule, marking the beginning of its postal service. During this period, the stamps were heavily influenced by Spain and featured imagery of the Spanish monarchy, reinforcing the connection between the Spanish Empire and Cuba.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs the 19th century came to a close, the Spanish-American War marked a pivotal moment for Cuba, shifting from a colony to an independent nation in 1902. This period saw significant changes on the island, reflected in stamps that showcased national pride, symbols of independence, and images celebrating Cuba's rich history and culture. Additionally, these stamps were used to promote tourism to Cuba. Throughout the 20th century, Cuba experienced global events such as World War I, World War II, and the Great Depression. These events contributed to political instability and frequent government changes, signaling a period of crisis on the island. During the Cold War, as the Soviet Union rose to power, the Cuban Revolution of 1959 began to reshape the nation. The stamps from this period reflect the country's transformation, with imagery of revolutionary figures like Castro and Cienfuegos, and messaging that glorified the revolution and its progress.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection captures the evolution of Cuban stamps as a form of communication and propaganda, mirroring the island's growing sense of self-identity and its changing relationship with foreign powers. The stamps feature images of Cuban culture, art, historical figures, national flora and fauna, and the tourism industry, all serving as tools to promote Cuba to the world. Preserving this collection provides an opportunity to explore how Cuba transformed over the course of a century. Researchers can examine the shifting political ideologies, international relations, and national identities reflected in the stamps. The Cuban Stamp Collection at FIU is not only a historical archive but also a testament to the cultural and social changes of the 20th century.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nEl Cuban Stamp Collection del Florida International University (FIU) Special Collections ofrece una valiosa perspectiva de la historia de Cuba a trav\u0026#xE9;s de los sellos postales que abarcan desde mediados del siglo XIX hasta mediados del siglo XX. Estos sellos reflejan los eventos culturales, sociales y pol\u0026#xED;ticos que dieron forma a Cuba durante este per\u0026#xED;odo transformador. Desde el dominio colonial espa\u0026#xF1;ol, pasando por la creaci\u0026#xF3;n de la Rep\u0026#xFA;blica Cubana, hasta el surgimiento de la Revoluci\u0026#xF3;n Cubana, estos eventos hist\u0026#xF3;ricos se reflejan en los sellos mismos. En 1855, Cuba emiti\u0026#xF3; su primer sello postal bajo el dominio espa\u0026#xF1;ol, marcando el comienzo de su servicio postal. Durante este per\u0026#xED;odo, los sellos estuvieron fuertemente influenciados por Espa\u0026#xF1;a e inclu\u0026#xED;an im\u0026#xE1;genes de la monarqu\u0026#xED;a espa\u0026#xF1;ola, reforzando la conexi\u0026#xF3;n entre el Imperio Espa\u0026#xF1;ol y Cuba.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAl final del siglo XIX, la Guerra Hispanoamericana marc\u0026#xF3; un momento clave para Cuba, pasando de ser una colonia a una naci\u0026#xF3;n independiente en 1902. Este per\u0026#xED;odo vio cambios significativos en la isla, reflejados en los sellos que mostraban el orgullo nacional, s\u0026#xED;mbolos de independencia e im\u0026#xE1;genes que celebraban la rica historia y cultura de Cuba. Adem\u0026#xE1;s, estos sellos fueron utilizados para promover el turismo hacia Cuba. A lo largo del siglo XX, Cuba experiment\u0026#xF3; eventos globales como la Primera y Segunda Guerra Mundial, y la Gran Depresi\u0026#xF3;n. Estos eventos contribuyeron a la inestabilidad pol\u0026#xED;tica y a los frecuentes cambios de gobierno, lo que se\u0026#xF1;al\u0026#xF3; un per\u0026#xED;odo de crisis en la isla. Durante la Guerra Fr\u0026#xED;a, con el auge de la Uni\u0026#xF3;n Sovi\u0026#xE9;tica, la Revoluci\u0026#xF3;n Cubana de 1959 comenz\u0026#xF3; a remodelar la naci\u0026#xF3;n. Los sellos de este per\u0026#xED;odo reflejan la transformaci\u0026#xF3;n del pa\u0026#xED;s, con im\u0026#xE1;genes de figuras revolucionarias como Castro y Cienfuegos, y mensajes que glorificaban la revoluci\u0026#xF3;n y su progreso.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEsta colecci\u0026#xF3;n captura la evoluci\u0026#xF3;n de los sellos cubanos como una forma de comunicaci\u0026#xF3;n y propaganda, reflejando el creciente sentido de identidad nacional de la isla y su cambiante relaci\u0026#xF3;n con las potencias extranjeras. Los sellos presentan im\u0026#xE1;genes de la cultura cubana, el arte, figuras hist\u0026#xF3;ricas, la flora y fauna nacional, y la industria del turismo, todas sirviendo como herramientas para promover Cuba al mundo. Preservar esta colecci\u0026#xF3;n brinda la oportunidad de explorar c\u0026#xF3;mo Cuba se transform\u0026#xF3; a lo largo de un siglo. Los investigadores pueden examinar las ideolog\u0026#xED;as pol\u0026#xED;ticas cambiantes, las relaciones internacionales y las identidades nacionales reflejadas en los sellos. La Colecci\u0026#xF3;n de Sellos de Cuba en FIU no es solo un archivo hist\u0026#xF3;rico, sino tambi\u0026#xE9;n un testimonio de los cambios culturales y sociales del siglo XX.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Cuban Stamp Collection at Florida International University (FIU) Special Collections offers valuable insight into Cuban history through postage stamps spanning the mid-19th to mid-20th century. These stamps reflect the cultural, social, and political events that shaped Cuba during this transformative period. From being under Spanish colonial rule, to the establishment of the Cuban Republic, and the rise of the Cuban Revolution, these historical events are mirrored in the stamps themselves. In 1855, Cuba issued its first postage stamp under Spanish rule, marking the beginning of its postal service. During this period, the stamps were heavily influenced by Spain and featured imagery of the Spanish monarchy, reinforcing the connection between the Spanish Empire and Cuba.","As the 19th century came to a close, the Spanish-American War marked a pivotal moment for Cuba, shifting from a colony to an independent nation in 1902. This period saw significant changes on the island, reflected in stamps that showcased national pride, symbols of independence, and images celebrating Cuba's rich history and culture. Additionally, these stamps were used to promote tourism to Cuba. Throughout the 20th century, Cuba experienced global events such as World War I, World War II, and the Great Depression. These events contributed to political instability and frequent government changes, signaling a period of crisis on the island. During the Cold War, as the Soviet Union rose to power, the Cuban Revolution of 1959 began to reshape the nation. The stamps from this period reflect the country's transformation, with imagery of revolutionary figures like Castro and Cienfuegos, and messaging that glorified the revolution and its progress.","This collection captures the evolution of Cuban stamps as a form of communication and propaganda, mirroring the island's growing sense of self-identity and its changing relationship with foreign powers. The stamps feature images of Cuban culture, art, historical figures, national flora and fauna, and the tourism industry, all serving as tools to promote Cuba to the world. Preserving this collection provides an opportunity to explore how Cuba transformed over the course of a century. Researchers can examine the shifting political ideologies, international relations, and national identities reflected in the stamps. The Cuban Stamp Collection at FIU is not only a historical archive but also a testament to the cultural and social changes of the 20th century.","\nEl Cuban Stamp Collection del Florida International University (FIU) Special Collections ofrece una valiosa perspectiva de la historia de Cuba a través de los sellos postales que abarcan desde mediados del siglo XIX hasta mediados del siglo XX. Estos sellos reflejan los eventos culturales, sociales y políticos que dieron forma a Cuba durante este período transformador. Desde el dominio colonial español, pasando por la creación de la República Cubana, hasta el surgimiento de la Revolución Cubana, estos eventos históricos se reflejan en los sellos mismos. En 1855, Cuba emitió su primer sello postal bajo el dominio español, marcando el comienzo de su servicio postal. Durante este período, los sellos estuvieron fuertemente influenciados por España e incluían imágenes de la monarquía española, reforzando la conexión entre el Imperio Español y Cuba.","Al final del siglo XIX, la Guerra Hispanoamericana marcó un momento clave para Cuba, pasando de ser una colonia a una nación independiente en 1902. Este período vio cambios significativos en la isla, reflejados en los sellos que mostraban el orgullo nacional, símbolos de independencia e imágenes que celebraban la rica historia y cultura de Cuba. Además, estos sellos fueron utilizados para promover el turismo hacia Cuba. A lo largo del siglo XX, Cuba experimentó eventos globales como la Primera y Segunda Guerra Mundial, y la Gran Depresión. Estos eventos contribuyeron a la inestabilidad política y a los frecuentes cambios de gobierno, lo que señaló un período de crisis en la isla. Durante la Guerra Fría, con el auge de la Unión Soviética, la Revolución Cubana de 1959 comenzó a remodelar la nación. Los sellos de este período reflejan la transformación del país, con imágenes de figuras revolucionarias como Castro y Cienfuegos, y mensajes que glorificaban la revolución y su progreso.","Esta colección captura la evolución de los sellos cubanos como una forma de comunicación y propaganda, reflejando el creciente sentido de identidad nacional de la isla y su cambiante relación con las potencias extranjeras. Los sellos presentan imágenes de la cultura cubana, el arte, figuras históricas, la flora y fauna nacional, y la industria del turismo, todas sirviendo como herramientas para promover Cuba al mundo. Preservar esta colección brinda la oportunidad de explorar cómo Cuba se transformó a lo largo de un siglo. Los investigadores pueden examinar las ideologías políticas cambiantes, las relaciones internacionales y las identidades nacionales reflejadas en los sellos. La Colección de Sellos de Cuba en FIU no es solo un archivo histórico, sino también un testimonio de los cambios culturales y sociales del siglo XX."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Cuban Stamp Collection at Florida International University (FIU) Special Collections is a comprehensive assortment of postage stamps throughout the history of Cuba during this transformative period during the 20th century. It spans from the mid-19th century to the beginnings of the Cuban Revolution and its after effects. It demonstrates social political change through stamps and how they use this form of media to create propaganda of the revolt. It also shows how they handle international relations with other nations and how it promotes cultural figures, the arts, tourism, animal and plant species, and worldwide events. This collection offers three books worth of stamp collections, ranging from 500-600 individual stamps per book. Preserving these stamps gives opportunity for researchers to find out themselves how the imagery and symbolism evolve as the Cuban Revolution progresses and develops. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nLa Cuban Stamp Collection en las Florida International University (FIU) Special Collections es una recopilaci\u0026#xF3;n integral de sellos postales que abarca la historia de Cuba durante este per\u0026#xED;odo transformador del siglo XX. Se extiende desde mediados del siglo XIX hasta los comienzos de la Revoluci\u0026#xF3;n Cubana y sus efectos posteriores. Demuestra el cambio social y pol\u0026#xED;tico a trav\u0026#xE9;s de los sellos y c\u0026#xF3;mo se utiliza este medio como propaganda de la revuelta. Tambi\u0026#xE9;n muestra c\u0026#xF3;mo se manejan las relaciones internacionales con otras naciones y c\u0026#xF3;mo se promueven figuras culturales, las artes, el turismo, especies animales y plantas, y eventos mundiales. Esta colecci\u0026#xF3;n consta de tres libros que contienen colecciones de sellos, con un rango de 500-600 sellos individuales por libro. La preservaci\u0026#xF3;n de estos sellos ofrece a los investigadores la oportunidad de descubrir por s\u0026#xED; mismos c\u0026#xF3;mo evolucionan las im\u0026#xE1;genes y los s\u0026#xED;mbolos a medida que avanza y se desarrolla la Revoluci\u0026#xF3;n Cubana.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Cuban Stamp Collection at Florida International University (FIU) Special Collections is a comprehensive assortment of postage stamps throughout the history of Cuba during this transformative period during the 20th century. It spans from the mid-19th century to the beginnings of the Cuban Revolution and its after effects. It demonstrates social political change through stamps and how they use this form of media to create propaganda of the revolt. It also shows how they handle international relations with other nations and how it promotes cultural figures, the arts, tourism, animal and plant species, and worldwide events. This collection offers three books worth of stamp collections, ranging from 500-600 individual stamps per book. Preserving these stamps gives opportunity for researchers to find out themselves how the imagery and symbolism evolve as the Cuban Revolution progresses and develops. ","\nLa Cuban Stamp Collection en las Florida International University (FIU) Special Collections es una recopilación integral de sellos postales que abarca la historia de Cuba durante este período transformador del siglo XX. Se extiende desde mediados del siglo XIX hasta los comienzos de la Revolución Cubana y sus efectos posteriores. Demuestra el cambio social y político a través de los sellos y cómo se utiliza este medio como propaganda de la revuelta. También muestra cómo se manejan las relaciones internacionales con otras naciones y cómo se promueven figuras culturales, las artes, el turismo, especies animales y plantas, y eventos mundiales. Esta colección consta de tres libros que contienen colecciones de sellos, con un rango de 500-600 sellos individuales por libro. La preservación de estos sellos ofrece a los investigadores la oportunidad de descubrir por sí mismos cómo evolucionan las imágenes y los símbolos a medida que avanza y se desarrolla la Revolución Cubana."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRights. The Cuban Stamps Collection are owned by Florida International University. Literary rights as possessed by the donor have been dedicated to public use for research, study, and scholarship. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Rights. The Cuban Stamps Collection are owned by Florida International University. Literary rights as possessed by the donor have been dedicated to public use for research, study, and scholarship. The collection is subject to all copyright laws."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4174f2603576483c6691a9df651e17c6\"\u003eCollection of Cuban stamps from the mid-19th century to the mid-20th century.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Collection of Cuban stamps from the mid-19th century to the mid-20th century."],"names_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["FIU Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["English Spanish; Castilian"],"total_component_count_is":3,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"aa862cad77720b140698c8fb","timestamp":"2026-04-21T02:12:13.039Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/aa862cad77720b140698c8fb"}},{"id":"45807c67f367973431520ee3_aspace_feca37ea35d86d7f4f1a50c85f4bbf2b","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Cumberland Island, Georgia, 1880-1930, Undated","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/45807c67f367973431520ee3_aspace_feca37ea35d86d7f4f1a50c85f4bbf2b#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"ref_ssi":"aspace_feca37ea35d86d7f4f1a50c85f4bbf2b","ref_ssm":["aspace_feca37ea35d86d7f4f1a50c85f4bbf2b","aspace_feca37ea35d86d7f4f1a50c85f4bbf2b"],"id":"45807c67f367973431520ee3_aspace_feca37ea35d86d7f4f1a50c85f4bbf2b","title_filing_ssi":"Cumberland Island, Georgia","title_ssm":["Cumberland Island, Georgia"],"title_tesim":["Cumberland Island, Georgia"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1880-1930"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1880-1930, Undated"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cumberland Island, Georgia, 1880-1930, Undated"],"text":["Cumberland Island, Georgia, 1880-1930, Undated","Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, 1858-2019","/repositories/3/archival_objects/9638","box 1","folder 12"],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ids_ssim":["45807c67f367973431520ee3"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, 1858-2019"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, 1858-2019"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["/repositories/3/archival_objects/9638"],"repository_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, 1858-2019"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":12,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"date_range_isim":[1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 12"],"_nest_path_":"/components#11","_nest_parent_":"45807c67f367973431520ee3","_root_":"45807c67f367973431520ee3","_version_":1872853597225484288,"timestamp":"2026-08-07T08:46:14.061Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"45807c67f367973431520ee3","title_ssm":["Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection"],"title_tesim":["Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection"],"ead_ssi":"45807c67f367973431520ee3","unitdate_ssm":["1858-2019"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1858-2019"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["2024.001","/repositories/3/resources/82"],"text":["2024.001","/repositories/3/resources/82","Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, 1858-2019","The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.","\tIn the United States, the traditional picture postcard rose to popularity in the early 20th century. Postcard history is often divided into eight distinct \"eras\" beginning in the 1850s and continuing through the \"Golden Age of Postcards\" beginning around 1905 and lasting through 1915. In this golden age, millions of cards were printed and sold throughout the entire U.S. and collecting cards became a popular hobby. The Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection contains examples from many of the documented eras, including photographic cards popularized in the nineteen teens and twenties. ","\nAdvances in printing and photographic techniques along with faster shipping methods between the U.S. and Europe allowed for the mass production of brightly colored pictorial cards to be quickly manufactured and distributed to sellers. In addition to the printers in major U.S. cities, a network of publishers and photographers allowed many local businesses in small towns across the U.S. to commission postcards of local \"views\" that were cheaply printed in Germany. Many images of small-town life, including municipal architecture, private residences, and street scenes were preserved and are a useful tool for local historians and researchers. These views act as a \"visual record of a town\" and help develop a fuller understanding of the locations represented in the postcards. Additionally, postcards depicted natural disasters, fires, local amusements, and tourist attractions and were important to the souvenir trade of the time.  ","\nAt the height of the industry's popularity, publishers would often share or even steal negatives to create their own postcards and often would change or distort the negative to make them appear different from other printers. Misspellings were common and incorrectly captioned cards were also prevalent. The Northeast Florida Regional Postcard collection has several examples of this business tactic and many examples of misspellings in the captions or titles on the cards. ","\nEnthusiasm for postcard collecting began to wane around 1912 and ended with the start of World War I. Even though the initial craze for postcards diminished, they are still produced and continue to be a useful visual record for researchers and historians of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection supports many of our Florida ephemera or Floridiana collections and is a great resource for the visual history of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and the other towns of Northeast Florida. ","Sources:\n New York State Library Postcard Collection-Appendix C","Greetings from the Smithsonian: A Postcard History","This collection contains postcards related to Northeast Florida's agricultural, shipping, manufacturing, and tourism industries and is part of a larger ephemera collection related to region. The collection was donated over several years by UNF library staff. Postcards range in date from the late 19th century through the late 20th century, with the bulk dates falling between 1900 and 1950. The collection is arranged alphabetically by series and chronologically within each series. \nSeries in this collection include the following:","Series 1- Advertising Cards (arranged chronologically) contains business advertisement cards from Northeast Florida business and organizations.","Series 2- Agriculture (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the agricultural industry in Northeast Florida","Series 3- Airports (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville International Airport and local municipal airports in Northeast Florida.","Series 4- Alligator Farm; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes from the Alligator farm, an early 20th century tourist attraction in Jacksonville, Florida.","Series 5- Atlantic Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting panoramic views of Atlantic Beach, local hotels, and other tourist attractions.","Series 6- Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting steamer ships owned by the Clyde Line, commercial shipping docks, and views of the intracoastal waterway.","Series 7- Bank Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the Florida National Bank, Atlantic National Bank, Barnett First National Bank, and other local Northeast Florida Bank buildings.","Series 8- Bridges (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting local Jacksonville, Florida bridges, including the Fuller Warren Bridge, Main Street Bridge, Matthews Bridge, Napolean Bonaparte Broward Bridge, and Hart Bridge.","Series 9- Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting buildings in downtown Jacksonville, including structures of architectural significance like the St. James Building and the Shriners Temple.","Series 10- Church Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting churches of different denominations, including Catholic, Baptist, Methodist, and Episcopal, in the Northeast Florida area.","Series 11- Clubs (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area athletic and social clubs. Examples include the Seminole Club, Fort George Club, Masonic Temple, and San Jose Golf Club.","Series 12- Cumberland Island, Georgia (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Thomas M. Carnegie's home, Dungeness. ","Series 13- Dixieland Park; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting early 20th century tourist attraction on the Southbank of Jacksonville. ","Series 14- Docks and Shipping (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of commercial shipping docks and steamer ships on the St Johns River in downtown Jacksonville. ","Series 15- Dwellings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting private residences in the Riverside, Springfield, Mandarin, and Ortega neighborhoods of Jacksonville. ","Series 16- Epping Forest; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the mansion of Alfred I. du Pont, now the Epping Forest Yacht Club.","Series 17- Eustis, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting photographic postcard taken in Eustis, Florida.","Series 18- Fernandina Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting businesses, municipal buildings, hotels, private residences, and beach scenes.","Series 19- Florida Ostrich Farm; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting tourist attraction popular in the early 20th century, with scenes of the farm with birds and ostriches racing. ","Series 20- Fort Clinch State Park, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting structures and ruins of the Civil War fort near Amelia Island and Fernandina Beach.","Series 21- Friendship Park; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Friendship fountain and the downtown Jacksonville skyline across from the park located on the Southbank. ","Series 22- Gardens (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of plants native to Northeast Florida and Cummer Museum and Gardens. ","Series 23- General (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a variety of scenes of locations in Jacksonville, cards printed by local printer H\u0026WB Drew Company, and cards addressed to Jacksonville addresses.","Series 24- Green Cove Springs, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Springs, the bathing pavilion, and the Qui-Si-Sana Hotel and Health Spa. ","Series 25- Hemming Park; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the grounds and businesses surrounding the park, known today as James Weldon Johnson Park. ","Series 26- Highways (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting several multi-lane highways and expressways in Jacksonville. ","Series 27- Hilliard, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a hotel located in Hilliard, Florida near the Florida/Georgia Border. ","Series 28- Hospitals (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area hospitals, including St. Vincent's Hospital, De Soto Sanatorium, St. Luke's Hospital, and Brewster Hospital. ","Series 29- Hotels (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area hotels, including Hotel Burbridge, Hotel Roosevelt, Aragon Hotel, and Windsor Hotel. ","Series 30- Jacksonville Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of local businesses, hotels, restaurants, and beaches.","Series 31- Keystone Heights, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a hotel in Keystone Heights, Florida. ","Series 32- Kingsley Plantation; Fort George Island, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting National Park Kingsley Plantation on Fort George Island. ","Series 33- Library Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the exteriors of Jacksonville area public library buildings.","Series 34- Marineland, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting aerial views of Marineland Studios, dolphins, and businesses at the historic tourist attraction. ","Series 35- Military Bases (arranged chronologically) contains photographic postcards depicting Camp Foster, founded as a work camp during the Great Depression, Camp Blanding Army Camp, and Camp Joseph E. Johnston.","Series 36- Mining (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting phosphate mining in Florida. ","Series 37- Monuments (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting monuments in the Jacksonville area.","Series 38- Motels (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting mid-20th century tourist motels in the Jacksonville area along U.S. Highway 1.","Series 39- Museums (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting artwork from the collections of the Cummer Museum in the Riverside neighborhood of Jacksonville, Florida. ","Series 40- Naval Air Station; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting structures at Mayport, Cecil Field, and Jacksonville Naval Air stations. ","Series 41- Neptune Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of beach front at Neptune Beach.","Series 42- Orange Park, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting structures at Moosehaven Retirement Community located in Orange Park, Florida on the St. Johns River. ","Series 43- Oriental Gardens; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes from the former tourist attraction located on San Jose Boulevard.","Series 44- Parks (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting historic images of parks in various Jacksonville neighborhoods, including Riverside and Springfield parks. ","Series 45- Persons (arranged chronologically) contains photographic postcards depicting portraits of visitors to Jacksonville. ","Series 46- Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting views of structures on the Ponte Vedra Inn and Club.","Series 47- Post Office Building (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting early 20th century Federal Post Office in downtown Jacksonville. ","Series 48- Public Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various municipal buildings including the original Duval County Courthouse, The Armory, and the Civic Auditorium of Jacksonville. ","Series 49- Restaurants (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area restaurants.","Series 50- St. Augustine, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting businesses, tourist attractions, and historic sites in St. Augustine, Florida","Series 51- St. Johns River, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes from the St. Johns River, ","Series 52- Sanford, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a steamer ship in Sanford, Florida.","Series 53- Schools (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting school buildings in the Jacksonville area including Central Grammar School, Duval High School, Edward Waters College.","Series 54- Silver Springs, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a scene of glass-bottom boats at the springs. ","Series 55- Souvenir Postcard Booklets (arranged chronologically) contains multi-postcard booklets depicting scenes from Northeast Florida.","Series 56- Streets (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting street views in downtown Jacksonville, and the Riverside and Springfield neighborhoods. ","Series 57- Theaters (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the Palace and New Palace theaters.","Series 58- Trailer Camps (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of tourist trailer campgrounds near Jacksonville. ","Series 59- Trees (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various species of trees native to Northeast Florida and the famous Treaty Oak live oak tree located in Jesse Ball duPont Park. ","Series 60- Turpentine Industry (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of turpentine camps in Northeast Florida.","Series 61- Union Station (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various scenes of the historic Union Station in Downtown Jacksonville, now the Prime F. Osborn III Convention Center.","Series 62- Universities and Colleges (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville University, University of North Florida, and Edward Waters College campuses. ","Series 63- Viaducts/Trains (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting railroad viaducts and close-up depictions of train engines. ","Series 64- Waterfronts (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various views of the Jacksonville skyline as seen from the St. Johns River. ","Series 65- Waterworks; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the historic waterworks located in the Springfield neighborhood of Jacksonville. ","Series 66- Zoos (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting views from the Jacksonville Zoo during the early and mid-20th century. ","Series 67- Sensitive Content (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting content that may be harmful or distressing to viewers. These items are available to review in person only.","Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information","UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["2024.001","/repositories/3/resources/82"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1858-2019"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, 1858-2019"],"collection_title_tesim":["Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, 1858-2019"],"collection_ssim":["Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, 1858-2019"],"repository_ssm":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was acquired through donation."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.92 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1.92 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact lib-special@unf.edu to schedule an appointment."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\tIn the United States, the traditional picture postcard rose to popularity in the early 20th century. Postcard history is often divided into eight distinct \"eras\" beginning in the 1850s and continuing through the \"Golden Age of Postcards\" beginning around 1905 and lasting through 1915. In this golden age, millions of cards were printed and sold throughout the entire U.S. and collecting cards became a popular hobby. The Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection contains examples from many of the documented eras, including photographic cards popularized in the nineteen teens and twenties. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAdvances in printing and photographic techniques along with faster shipping methods between the U.S. and Europe allowed for the mass production of brightly colored pictorial cards to be quickly manufactured and distributed to sellers. In addition to the printers in major U.S. cities, a network of publishers and photographers allowed many local businesses in small towns across the U.S. to commission postcards of local \"views\" that were cheaply printed in Germany. Many images of small-town life, including municipal architecture, private residences, and street scenes were preserved and are a useful tool for local historians and researchers. These views act as a \"visual record of a town\" and help develop a fuller understanding of the locations represented in the postcards. Additionally, postcards depicted natural disasters, fires, local amusements, and tourist attractions and were important to the souvenir trade of the time.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAt the height of the industry's popularity, publishers would often share or even steal negatives to create their own postcards and often would change or distort the negative to make them appear different from other printers. Misspellings were common and incorrectly captioned cards were also prevalent. The Northeast Florida Regional Postcard collection has several examples of this business tactic and many examples of misspellings in the captions or titles on the cards. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nEnthusiasm for postcard collecting began to wane around 1912 and ended with the start of World War I. Even though the initial craze for postcards diminished, they are still produced and continue to be a useful visual record for researchers and historians of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection supports many of our Florida ephemera or Floridiana collections and is a great resource for the visual history of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and the other towns of Northeast Florida. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\n\u003cextref href=\"https://www.nysl.nysed.gov/msscfa/qc16510ess.htm\"\u003eNew York State Library Postcard Collection-Appendix C\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"https://siarchives.si.edu/history/featured-topics/postcard/postcard-history\"\u003eGreetings from the Smithsonian: A Postcard History\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["\tIn the United States, the traditional picture postcard rose to popularity in the early 20th century. Postcard history is often divided into eight distinct \"eras\" beginning in the 1850s and continuing through the \"Golden Age of Postcards\" beginning around 1905 and lasting through 1915. In this golden age, millions of cards were printed and sold throughout the entire U.S. and collecting cards became a popular hobby. The Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection contains examples from many of the documented eras, including photographic cards popularized in the nineteen teens and twenties. ","\nAdvances in printing and photographic techniques along with faster shipping methods between the U.S. and Europe allowed for the mass production of brightly colored pictorial cards to be quickly manufactured and distributed to sellers. In addition to the printers in major U.S. cities, a network of publishers and photographers allowed many local businesses in small towns across the U.S. to commission postcards of local \"views\" that were cheaply printed in Germany. Many images of small-town life, including municipal architecture, private residences, and street scenes were preserved and are a useful tool for local historians and researchers. These views act as a \"visual record of a town\" and help develop a fuller understanding of the locations represented in the postcards. Additionally, postcards depicted natural disasters, fires, local amusements, and tourist attractions and were important to the souvenir trade of the time.  ","\nAt the height of the industry's popularity, publishers would often share or even steal negatives to create their own postcards and often would change or distort the negative to make them appear different from other printers. Misspellings were common and incorrectly captioned cards were also prevalent. The Northeast Florida Regional Postcard collection has several examples of this business tactic and many examples of misspellings in the captions or titles on the cards. ","\nEnthusiasm for postcard collecting began to wane around 1912 and ended with the start of World War I. Even though the initial craze for postcards diminished, they are still produced and continue to be a useful visual record for researchers and historians of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection supports many of our Florida ephemera or Floridiana collections and is a great resource for the visual history of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and the other towns of Northeast Florida. ","Sources:\n New York State Library Postcard Collection-Appendix C","Greetings from the Smithsonian: A Postcard History"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNortheast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Northeast Florida Regional Postcard Collection, Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains postcards related to Northeast Florida's agricultural, shipping, manufacturing, and tourism industries and is part of a larger ephemera collection related to region. The collection was donated over several years by UNF library staff. Postcards range in date from the late 19th century through the late 20th century, with the bulk dates falling between 1900 and 1950. The collection is arranged alphabetically by series and chronologically within each series. \nSeries in this collection include the following:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1- Advertising Cards (arranged chronologically) contains business advertisement cards from Northeast Florida business and organizations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2- Agriculture (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the agricultural industry in Northeast Florida\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3- Airports (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville International Airport and local municipal airports in Northeast Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4- Alligator Farm; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes from the Alligator farm, an early 20th century tourist attraction in Jacksonville, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5- Atlantic Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting panoramic views of Atlantic Beach, local hotels, and other tourist attractions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6- Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting steamer ships owned by the Clyde Line, commercial shipping docks, and views of the intracoastal waterway.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7- Bank Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the Florida National Bank, Atlantic National Bank, Barnett First National Bank, and other local Northeast Florida Bank buildings.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8- Bridges (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting local Jacksonville, Florida bridges, including the Fuller Warren Bridge, Main Street Bridge, Matthews Bridge, Napolean Bonaparte Broward Bridge, and Hart Bridge.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9- Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting buildings in downtown Jacksonville, including structures of architectural significance like the St. James Building and the Shriners Temple.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 10- Church Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting churches of different denominations, including Catholic, Baptist, Methodist, and Episcopal, in the Northeast Florida area.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 11- Clubs (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area athletic and social clubs. Examples include the Seminole Club, Fort George Club, Masonic Temple, and San Jose Golf Club.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 12- Cumberland Island, Georgia (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Thomas M. Carnegie's home, Dungeness. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 13- Dixieland Park; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting early 20th century tourist attraction on the Southbank of Jacksonville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 14- Docks and Shipping (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of commercial shipping docks and steamer ships on the St Johns River in downtown Jacksonville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 15- Dwellings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting private residences in the Riverside, Springfield, Mandarin, and Ortega neighborhoods of Jacksonville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 16- Epping Forest; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the mansion of Alfred I. du Pont, now the Epping Forest Yacht Club.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 17- Eustis, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting photographic postcard taken in Eustis, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 18- Fernandina Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting businesses, municipal buildings, hotels, private residences, and beach scenes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 19- Florida Ostrich Farm; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting tourist attraction popular in the early 20th century, with scenes of the farm with birds and ostriches racing. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 20- Fort Clinch State Park, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting structures and ruins of the Civil War fort near Amelia Island and Fernandina Beach.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 21- Friendship Park; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Friendship fountain and the downtown Jacksonville skyline across from the park located on the Southbank. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 22- Gardens (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of plants native to Northeast Florida and Cummer Museum and Gardens. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 23- General (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a variety of scenes of locations in Jacksonville, cards printed by local printer H\u0026amp;WB Drew Company, and cards addressed to Jacksonville addresses.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 24- Green Cove Springs, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Springs, the bathing pavilion, and the Qui-Si-Sana Hotel and Health Spa. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 25- Hemming Park; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the grounds and businesses surrounding the park, known today as James Weldon Johnson Park. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 26- Highways (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting several multi-lane highways and expressways in Jacksonville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 27- Hilliard, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a hotel located in Hilliard, Florida near the Florida/Georgia Border. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 28- Hospitals (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area hospitals, including St. Vincent's Hospital, De Soto Sanatorium, St. Luke's Hospital, and Brewster Hospital. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 29- Hotels (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area hotels, including Hotel Burbridge, Hotel Roosevelt, Aragon Hotel, and Windsor Hotel. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 30- Jacksonville Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of local businesses, hotels, restaurants, and beaches.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 31- Keystone Heights, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a hotel in Keystone Heights, Florida. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 32- Kingsley Plantation; Fort George Island, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting National Park Kingsley Plantation on Fort George Island. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 33- Library Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the exteriors of Jacksonville area public library buildings.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 34- Marineland, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting aerial views of Marineland Studios, dolphins, and businesses at the historic tourist attraction. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 35- Military Bases (arranged chronologically) contains photographic postcards depicting Camp Foster, founded as a work camp during the Great Depression, Camp Blanding Army Camp, and Camp Joseph E. Johnston.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 36- Mining (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting phosphate mining in Florida. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 37- Monuments (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting monuments in the Jacksonville area.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 38- Motels (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting mid-20th century tourist motels in the Jacksonville area along U.S. Highway 1.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 39- Museums (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting artwork from the collections of the Cummer Museum in the Riverside neighborhood of Jacksonville, Florida. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 40- Naval Air Station; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting structures at Mayport, Cecil Field, and Jacksonville Naval Air stations. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 41- Neptune Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of beach front at Neptune Beach.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 42- Orange Park, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting structures at Moosehaven Retirement Community located in Orange Park, Florida on the St. Johns River. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 43- Oriental Gardens; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes from the former tourist attraction located on San Jose Boulevard.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 44- Parks (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting historic images of parks in various Jacksonville neighborhoods, including Riverside and Springfield parks. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 45- Persons (arranged chronologically) contains photographic postcards depicting portraits of visitors to Jacksonville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 46- Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting views of structures on the Ponte Vedra Inn and Club.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 47- Post Office Building (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting early 20th century Federal Post Office in downtown Jacksonville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 48- Public Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various municipal buildings including the original Duval County Courthouse, The Armory, and the Civic Auditorium of Jacksonville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 49- Restaurants (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area restaurants.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 50- St. Augustine, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting businesses, tourist attractions, and historic sites in St. Augustine, Florida\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 51- St. Johns River, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes from the St. Johns River, \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 52- Sanford, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a steamer ship in Sanford, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 53- Schools (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting school buildings in the Jacksonville area including Central Grammar School, Duval High School, Edward Waters College.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 54- Silver Springs, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a scene of glass-bottom boats at the springs. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 55- Souvenir Postcard Booklets (arranged chronologically) contains multi-postcard booklets depicting scenes from Northeast Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 56- Streets (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting street views in downtown Jacksonville, and the Riverside and Springfield neighborhoods. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 57- Theaters (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the Palace and New Palace theaters.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 58- Trailer Camps (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of tourist trailer campgrounds near Jacksonville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 59- Trees (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various species of trees native to Northeast Florida and the famous Treaty Oak live oak tree located in Jesse Ball duPont Park. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 60- Turpentine Industry (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of turpentine camps in Northeast Florida.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 61- Union Station (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various scenes of the historic Union Station in Downtown Jacksonville, now the Prime F. Osborn III Convention Center.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 62- Universities and Colleges (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville University, University of North Florida, and Edward Waters College campuses. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 63- Viaducts/Trains (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting railroad viaducts and close-up depictions of train engines. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 64- Waterfronts (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various views of the Jacksonville skyline as seen from the St. Johns River. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 65- Waterworks; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the historic waterworks located in the Springfield neighborhood of Jacksonville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 66- Zoos (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting views from the Jacksonville Zoo during the early and mid-20th century. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 67- Sensitive Content (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting content that may be harmful or distressing to viewers. These items are available to review in person only.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains postcards related to Northeast Florida's agricultural, shipping, manufacturing, and tourism industries and is part of a larger ephemera collection related to region. The collection was donated over several years by UNF library staff. Postcards range in date from the late 19th century through the late 20th century, with the bulk dates falling between 1900 and 1950. The collection is arranged alphabetically by series and chronologically within each series. \nSeries in this collection include the following:","Series 1- Advertising Cards (arranged chronologically) contains business advertisement cards from Northeast Florida business and organizations.","Series 2- Agriculture (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the agricultural industry in Northeast Florida","Series 3- Airports (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville International Airport and local municipal airports in Northeast Florida.","Series 4- Alligator Farm; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes from the Alligator farm, an early 20th century tourist attraction in Jacksonville, Florida.","Series 5- Atlantic Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting panoramic views of Atlantic Beach, local hotels, and other tourist attractions.","Series 6- Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting steamer ships owned by the Clyde Line, commercial shipping docks, and views of the intracoastal waterway.","Series 7- Bank Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the Florida National Bank, Atlantic National Bank, Barnett First National Bank, and other local Northeast Florida Bank buildings.","Series 8- Bridges (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting local Jacksonville, Florida bridges, including the Fuller Warren Bridge, Main Street Bridge, Matthews Bridge, Napolean Bonaparte Broward Bridge, and Hart Bridge.","Series 9- Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting buildings in downtown Jacksonville, including structures of architectural significance like the St. James Building and the Shriners Temple.","Series 10- Church Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting churches of different denominations, including Catholic, Baptist, Methodist, and Episcopal, in the Northeast Florida area.","Series 11- Clubs (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area athletic and social clubs. Examples include the Seminole Club, Fort George Club, Masonic Temple, and San Jose Golf Club.","Series 12- Cumberland Island, Georgia (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Thomas M. Carnegie's home, Dungeness. ","Series 13- Dixieland Park; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting early 20th century tourist attraction on the Southbank of Jacksonville. ","Series 14- Docks and Shipping (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of commercial shipping docks and steamer ships on the St Johns River in downtown Jacksonville. ","Series 15- Dwellings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting private residences in the Riverside, Springfield, Mandarin, and Ortega neighborhoods of Jacksonville. ","Series 16- Epping Forest; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the mansion of Alfred I. du Pont, now the Epping Forest Yacht Club.","Series 17- Eustis, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting photographic postcard taken in Eustis, Florida.","Series 18- Fernandina Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting businesses, municipal buildings, hotels, private residences, and beach scenes.","Series 19- Florida Ostrich Farm; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting tourist attraction popular in the early 20th century, with scenes of the farm with birds and ostriches racing. ","Series 20- Fort Clinch State Park, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting structures and ruins of the Civil War fort near Amelia Island and Fernandina Beach.","Series 21- Friendship Park; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Friendship fountain and the downtown Jacksonville skyline across from the park located on the Southbank. ","Series 22- Gardens (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of plants native to Northeast Florida and Cummer Museum and Gardens. ","Series 23- General (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a variety of scenes of locations in Jacksonville, cards printed by local printer H\u0026WB Drew Company, and cards addressed to Jacksonville addresses.","Series 24- Green Cove Springs, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Springs, the bathing pavilion, and the Qui-Si-Sana Hotel and Health Spa. ","Series 25- Hemming Park; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the grounds and businesses surrounding the park, known today as James Weldon Johnson Park. ","Series 26- Highways (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting several multi-lane highways and expressways in Jacksonville. ","Series 27- Hilliard, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a hotel located in Hilliard, Florida near the Florida/Georgia Border. ","Series 28- Hospitals (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area hospitals, including St. Vincent's Hospital, De Soto Sanatorium, St. Luke's Hospital, and Brewster Hospital. ","Series 29- Hotels (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area hotels, including Hotel Burbridge, Hotel Roosevelt, Aragon Hotel, and Windsor Hotel. ","Series 30- Jacksonville Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of local businesses, hotels, restaurants, and beaches.","Series 31- Keystone Heights, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a hotel in Keystone Heights, Florida. ","Series 32- Kingsley Plantation; Fort George Island, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting National Park Kingsley Plantation on Fort George Island. ","Series 33- Library Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the exteriors of Jacksonville area public library buildings.","Series 34- Marineland, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting aerial views of Marineland Studios, dolphins, and businesses at the historic tourist attraction. ","Series 35- Military Bases (arranged chronologically) contains photographic postcards depicting Camp Foster, founded as a work camp during the Great Depression, Camp Blanding Army Camp, and Camp Joseph E. Johnston.","Series 36- Mining (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting phosphate mining in Florida. ","Series 37- Monuments (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting monuments in the Jacksonville area.","Series 38- Motels (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting mid-20th century tourist motels in the Jacksonville area along U.S. Highway 1.","Series 39- Museums (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting artwork from the collections of the Cummer Museum in the Riverside neighborhood of Jacksonville, Florida. ","Series 40- Naval Air Station; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting structures at Mayport, Cecil Field, and Jacksonville Naval Air stations. ","Series 41- Neptune Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of beach front at Neptune Beach.","Series 42- Orange Park, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting structures at Moosehaven Retirement Community located in Orange Park, Florida on the St. Johns River. ","Series 43- Oriental Gardens; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes from the former tourist attraction located on San Jose Boulevard.","Series 44- Parks (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting historic images of parks in various Jacksonville neighborhoods, including Riverside and Springfield parks. ","Series 45- Persons (arranged chronologically) contains photographic postcards depicting portraits of visitors to Jacksonville. ","Series 46- Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting views of structures on the Ponte Vedra Inn and Club.","Series 47- Post Office Building (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting early 20th century Federal Post Office in downtown Jacksonville. ","Series 48- Public Buildings (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various municipal buildings including the original Duval County Courthouse, The Armory, and the Civic Auditorium of Jacksonville. ","Series 49- Restaurants (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville area restaurants.","Series 50- St. Augustine, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting businesses, tourist attractions, and historic sites in St. Augustine, Florida","Series 51- St. Johns River, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes from the St. Johns River, ","Series 52- Sanford, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a steamer ship in Sanford, Florida.","Series 53- Schools (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting school buildings in the Jacksonville area including Central Grammar School, Duval High School, Edward Waters College.","Series 54- Silver Springs, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting a scene of glass-bottom boats at the springs. ","Series 55- Souvenir Postcard Booklets (arranged chronologically) contains multi-postcard booklets depicting scenes from Northeast Florida.","Series 56- Streets (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting street views in downtown Jacksonville, and the Riverside and Springfield neighborhoods. ","Series 57- Theaters (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the Palace and New Palace theaters.","Series 58- Trailer Camps (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of tourist trailer campgrounds near Jacksonville. ","Series 59- Trees (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various species of trees native to Northeast Florida and the famous Treaty Oak live oak tree located in Jesse Ball duPont Park. ","Series 60- Turpentine Industry (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting scenes of turpentine camps in Northeast Florida.","Series 61- Union Station (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various scenes of the historic Union Station in Downtown Jacksonville, now the Prime F. Osborn III Convention Center.","Series 62- Universities and Colleges (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting Jacksonville University, University of North Florida, and Edward Waters College campuses. ","Series 63- Viaducts/Trains (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting railroad viaducts and close-up depictions of train engines. ","Series 64- Waterfronts (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting various views of the Jacksonville skyline as seen from the St. Johns River. ","Series 65- Waterworks; Jacksonville, Florida (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting the historic waterworks located in the Springfield neighborhood of Jacksonville. ","Series 66- Zoos (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting views from the Jacksonville Zoo during the early and mid-20th century. ","Series 67- Sensitive Content (arranged chronologically) contains postcards depicting content that may be harmful or distressing to viewers. These items are available to review in person only."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in the collection may be subject to copyright and are to be used for private study, scholarship, or research in accordance with the copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code). Use of reproductions of copyrighted works in excess of \" fair use,\" may result in the user's liability for copyright infringement and be subject to the civil and criminal penalties of federal law. Visit the United States Copyright Office's website at http://www.copyright.gov/ for further information"],"names_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["UNF Library Special Collections and University Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":67,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1872853597225484288,"_root_":"45807c67f367973431520ee3","timestamp":"2026-08-07T08:46:14.061Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/45807c67f367973431520ee3_aspace_feca37ea35d86d7f4f1a50c85f4bbf2b"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Dorothy Porter Wesley Collection, Circa 1788-2012","value":"Dorothy Porter Wesley Collection, Circa 1788-2012","hits":35},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Dorothy+Porter+Wesley+Collection%2C+Circa+1788-2012\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1891\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Florida Ephemera collection, circa 1813-2007","value":"Florida Ephemera collection, circa 1813-2007","hits":33},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Florida+Ephemera+collection%2C+circa+1813-2007\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1891\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Winter Park photographs, Circa 1880-1900","value":"Winter Park photographs, Circa 1880-1900","hits":33},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Winter+Park+photographs%2C+Circa+1880-1900\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1891\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003","value":"African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy collection, 1791-2003","hits":30},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=African+American+Legacy%3A+The+Carol+Mundy+collection%2C+1791-2003\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1891\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Carol Mundy: African American Legacy Research Files, 1790-2012","value":"Carol Mundy: African American Legacy Research Files, 1790-2012","hits":24},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Carol+Mundy%3A+African+American+Legacy+Research+Files%2C+1790-2012\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1891\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Richard H. 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