{"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=World+War%2C+1939-1945--England","next":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=World+War%2C+1939-1945--England\u0026page=2","last":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=World+War%2C+1939-1945--England\u0026page=2"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":2,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":18,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"e2dee2706ab2fbf90059dd8a","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Allen H. 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His war effort resulted in 35 high altitude heavy bombardment missions over Europe including the United States \"maximum effort\" bombing mission over Berlin in 1945 with Allen as navigator. Crawford was discharged in November 1945. Following the war, Allen attended Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia where he received his B.S. in Business Administration and Personnel Management in 1951. In 1991, Allen completed his M.S. degree in Criminal Justice Administration from Florida International University, Miami, Florida. Allen is a former special agent of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Founder and President of three investigative and security firms located in Washington, D.C., Miami, and Tallahassee, Florida; Corporate Director of Security for Playboy Enterprises, Chicago and a nationally recognized security expert retained professionally to testify in courts specific to premises liability, assaults, rapes and homicides. 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Crawford was born on September 30, 1924 in Pontiac, Michigan. In January 1943, he graduated from Southeastern High School and entered the service on February 17, 1943. Crawford served as a bombardier and navigator in the United States Army Air Corps in the European Theater of Operation during World War II. His war effort resulted in 35 high altitude heavy bombardment missions over Europe including the United States \"maximum effort\" bombing mission over Berlin in 1945 with Allen as navigator. Crawford was discharged in November 1945. Following the war, Allen attended Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia where he received his B.S. in Business Administration and Personnel Management in 1951. In 1991, Allen completed his M.S. degree in Criminal Justice Administration from Florida International University, Miami, Florida. 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Crawford was born on September 30, 1924 in Pontiac, Michigan. In January 1943, he graduated from Southeastern High School and entered the service on February 17, 1943. Crawford served as a bombardier and navigator in the United States Army Air Corps in the European Theater of Operation during World War II. His war effort resulted in 35 high altitude heavy bombardment missions over Europe including the United States \"maximum effort\" bombing mission over Berlin in 1945 with Allen as navigator. Crawford was discharged in November 1945. Following the war, Allen attended Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia where he received his B.S. in Business Administration and Personnel Management in 1951. In 1991, Allen completed his M.S. degree in Criminal Justice Administration from Florida International University, Miami, Florida. 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Huston who served in the 448th Bomber Group, 713th Bomb Squadron US Army Air Force in the European Theater of Operation. This collection also relates to John Robert Huston who served in the U.S. Army in field artillery and gun battery regiments. In addition to the letters, the collection contains a description of Bill Huston, escape from Switzerland, his Air medal citation, a history of the 8th Air Force titled \"Target Germany,\" and a 1942 picture book of Scott Air Field in Illinois, the Huston mother's ration booklet, several photographs of Bill Huston at Scott Field, and a safe-conduct pass issued to Bill Huston by the French Resistance to facilitate his escape.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/b8cad10d5385ddbfa92836b7#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"b8cad10d5385ddbfa92836b7","title_filing_ssi":"Huston, Bill collection","title_ssm":["Bill Huston collection"],"title_tesim":["Bill Huston collection"],"ead_ssi":"b8cad10d5385ddbfa92836b7","unitdate_ssm":["1943-1945","Date accessioned: 2006-05-04"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1943-1945"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2006-05-04"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["06.0077","/repositories/10/resources/1747"],"text":["06.0077","/repositories/10/resources/1747","Bill Huston collection, Date accessioned: 2006-05-04, bulk 1943-1945","Adelboden (Bern, Switzerland)","Wengen (Switzerland)","Scott Air Force Base (Ill.)","B-17 (Bomber)","World War, 1939-1945--Switzerland","Fort Hood (Tex.)","World War, 1939-1945--England","Christmas.","World War, 1939-1945--Germany","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--France","Radio--Receivers and reception.","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Medals--United States","Ration books","This collection is open to all researchers.","Seargeant William W. Huston was born in 1921 and served  in the 448th Bomber Group, 713th Bomber Squadron, US Army Air Force. He served on a B-17 bomber as a radioman during the bomber offensive in Germany from 1943-1944. His plane was shot down and Bill Huston was interned in Switzerland, where he eventually escaped back to American lines. \n \t\nJohn Robert Huston served in the 91st and 93rd Armored Field Artillery Regiments in the United States Army. He was trained in the Tank Destroyer Center in Fort Hood, Texas and later served in the Field Artillery Regiments in Italy, France, and Germany from 1943-1945. He served as a radio man with a gun battery regiment but after suffering a nervous disorder was transferred to a field kitchen.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection relates to Sergeant William \"Bill\" W. Huston who served in the 448th Bomber Group, 713th Bomb Squadron US Army Air Force in the European Theater of Operation. This collection also relates to John Robert Huston who served in the U.S. Army in field artillery and gun battery regiments. In addition to the letters, the collection contains a description of Bill Huston, escape from Switzerland, his Air medal citation, a history of the 8th Air Force titled \"Target Germany,\" and a 1942 picture book of Scott Air Field in Illinois, the Huston mother's ration booklet, several photographs of Bill Huston at Scott Field, and a safe-conduct pass issued to Bill Huston by the French Resistance to facilitate his escape.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. 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Huston was born in 1921 and served  in the 448th Bomber Group, 713th Bomber Squadron, US Army Air Force. He served on a B-17 bomber as a radioman during the bomber offensive in Germany from 1943-1944. His plane was shot down and Bill Huston was interned in Switzerland, where he eventually escaped back to American lines. \n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\t\nJohn Robert Huston served in the 91st and 93rd Armored Field Artillery Regiments in the United States Army. He was trained in the Tank Destroyer Center in Fort Hood, Texas and later served in the Field Artillery Regiments in Italy, France, and Germany from 1943-1945. He served as a radio man with a gun battery regiment but after suffering a nervous disorder was transferred to a field kitchen.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Seargeant William W. Huston was born in 1921 and served  in the 448th Bomber Group, 713th Bomber Squadron, US Army Air Force. He served on a B-17 bomber as a radioman during the bomber offensive in Germany from 1943-1944. His plane was shot down and Bill Huston was interned in Switzerland, where he eventually escaped back to American lines. \n \t\nJohn Robert Huston served in the 91st and 93rd Armored Field Artillery Regiments in the United States Army. He was trained in the Tank Destroyer Center in Fort Hood, Texas and later served in the Field Artillery Regiments in Italy, France, and Germany from 1943-1945. He served as a radio man with a gun battery regiment but after suffering a nervous disorder was transferred to a field kitchen."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Bill Hurston collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-06-1977\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Bill Hurston collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-06-1977"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Sergeant William \"Bill\" W. Huston who served in the 448th Bomber Group, 713th Bomb Squadron US Army Air Force in the European Theater of Operation. This collection also relates to John Robert Huston who served in the U.S. Army in field artillery and gun battery regiments. In addition to the letters, the collection contains a description of Bill Huston, escape from Switzerland, his Air medal citation, a history of the 8th Air Force titled \"Target Germany,\" and a 1942 picture book of Scott Air Field in Illinois, the Huston mother's ration booklet, several photographs of Bill Huston at Scott Field, and a safe-conduct pass issued to Bill Huston by the French Resistance to facilitate his escape.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to Sergeant William \"Bill\" W. Huston who served in the 448th Bomber Group, 713th Bomb Squadron US Army Air Force in the European Theater of Operation. This collection also relates to John Robert Huston who served in the U.S. Army in field artillery and gun battery regiments. In addition to the letters, the collection contains a description of Bill Huston, escape from Switzerland, his Air medal citation, a history of the 8th Air Force titled \"Target Germany,\" and a 1942 picture book of Scott Air Field in Illinois, the Huston mother's ration booklet, several photographs of Bill Huston at Scott Field, and a safe-conduct pass issued to Bill Huston by the French Resistance to facilitate his escape."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. 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Army Air Forces","United States Flag Association","Huston, William W., 1921-","Huston, John Robert, 1920-","Huston, James T."],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army Air Forces","United States Flag Association"],"persname_ssim":["Huston, William W., 1921-","Huston, John Robert, 1920-","Huston, James T."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870857657973211136,"_root_":"b8cad10d5385ddbfa92836b7","timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:01:38.061Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"b8cad10d5385ddbfa92836b7","title_filing_ssi":"Huston, Bill collection","title_ssm":["Bill Huston collection"],"title_tesim":["Bill Huston collection"],"ead_ssi":"b8cad10d5385ddbfa92836b7","unitdate_ssm":["1943-1945","Date accessioned: 2006-05-04"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1943-1945"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2006-05-04"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["06.0077","/repositories/10/resources/1747"],"text":["06.0077","/repositories/10/resources/1747","Bill Huston collection, Date accessioned: 2006-05-04, bulk 1943-1945","Adelboden (Bern, Switzerland)","Wengen (Switzerland)","Scott Air Force Base (Ill.)","B-17 (Bomber)","World War, 1939-1945--Switzerland","Fort Hood (Tex.)","World War, 1939-1945--England","Christmas.","World War, 1939-1945--Germany","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--France","Radio--Receivers and reception.","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Medals--United States","Ration books","This collection is open to all researchers.","Seargeant William W. Huston was born in 1921 and served  in the 448th Bomber Group, 713th Bomber Squadron, US Army Air Force. He served on a B-17 bomber as a radioman during the bomber offensive in Germany from 1943-1944. His plane was shot down and Bill Huston was interned in Switzerland, where he eventually escaped back to American lines. \n \t\nJohn Robert Huston served in the 91st and 93rd Armored Field Artillery Regiments in the United States Army. He was trained in the Tank Destroyer Center in Fort Hood, Texas and later served in the Field Artillery Regiments in Italy, France, and Germany from 1943-1945. He served as a radio man with a gun battery regiment but after suffering a nervous disorder was transferred to a field kitchen.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection relates to Sergeant William \"Bill\" W. Huston who served in the 448th Bomber Group, 713th Bomb Squadron US Army Air Force in the European Theater of Operation. This collection also relates to John Robert Huston who served in the U.S. Army in field artillery and gun battery regiments. In addition to the letters, the collection contains a description of Bill Huston, escape from Switzerland, his Air medal citation, a history of the 8th Air Force titled \"Target Germany,\" and a 1942 picture book of Scott Air Field in Illinois, the Huston mother's ration booklet, several photographs of Bill Huston at Scott Field, and a safe-conduct pass issued to Bill Huston by the French Resistance to facilitate his escape.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. 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Huston was born in 1921 and served  in the 448th Bomber Group, 713th Bomber Squadron, US Army Air Force. He served on a B-17 bomber as a radioman during the bomber offensive in Germany from 1943-1944. His plane was shot down and Bill Huston was interned in Switzerland, where he eventually escaped back to American lines. \n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\t\nJohn Robert Huston served in the 91st and 93rd Armored Field Artillery Regiments in the United States Army. He was trained in the Tank Destroyer Center in Fort Hood, Texas and later served in the Field Artillery Regiments in Italy, France, and Germany from 1943-1945. He served as a radio man with a gun battery regiment but after suffering a nervous disorder was transferred to a field kitchen.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Seargeant William W. Huston was born in 1921 and served  in the 448th Bomber Group, 713th Bomber Squadron, US Army Air Force. 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He served as a radio man with a gun battery regiment but after suffering a nervous disorder was transferred to a field kitchen."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Bill Hurston collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-06-1977\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Bill Hurston collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-06-1977"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Sergeant William \"Bill\" W. Huston who served in the 448th Bomber Group, 713th Bomb Squadron US Army Air Force in the European Theater of Operation. This collection also relates to John Robert Huston who served in the U.S. Army in field artillery and gun battery regiments. In addition to the letters, the collection contains a description of Bill Huston, escape from Switzerland, his Air medal citation, a history of the 8th Air Force titled \"Target Germany,\" and a 1942 picture book of Scott Air Field in Illinois, the Huston mother's ration booklet, several photographs of Bill Huston at Scott Field, and a safe-conduct pass issued to Bill Huston by the French Resistance to facilitate his escape.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to Sergeant William \"Bill\" W. Huston who served in the 448th Bomber Group, 713th Bomb Squadron US Army Air Force in the European Theater of Operation. 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Army Air Forces","United States Flag Association","Huston, William W., 1921-","Huston, John Robert, 1920-","Huston, James T."],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. 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News clippings, ephemera, and documents are also included. Cliff's letters express worries about post-war life and jobs, the desire for furlough, the point system, railroad strikes, Churchill, FDR, prices and wages, blackouts, housing problems in the US, draft dodgers, poor conditions in Germany (children begging GI's for candy, etc.), illness, United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation (UNRRA), and much more. Letters date from October 1943 though 1948. Cliff's letters to his mother end in March 1946.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4dca3440c08f08ca3b94ce25#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"4dca3440c08f08ca3b94ce25","title_filing_ssi":"Brooks, Clifford Shirley collection","title_ssm":["Clifford Brooks Shirley collection"],"title_tesim":["Clifford Brooks Shirley collection"],"ead_ssi":"4dca3440c08f08ca3b94ce25","unitdate_ssm":["1943-1948","Date accessioned: 2019-10-14"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1943-1948"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2019-10-14"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["00.0647","/repositories/10/resources/1545"],"text":["00.0647","/repositories/10/resources/1545","Clifford Brooks Shirley collection, 1943-1948, Date accessioned: 2019-10-14","World War, ration point system","World War, 1939-1945 --  U.S. Housing shortages","World War, 1949-1945 -- Post-war life","World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945 -- Repatriation of war dead","World War, 1939-1945--Germany","World War, 1939-1945--France","World War, 1939-1945--Netherlands","Military funerals","World War, 1939-1945--Casualties","World War, 1939-1945--Demobilization","Rationing--United States","American National Red Cross","This collection is open to all researchers.","Clifford B. Shirley was born 1920 and passed away at the age of 74 in Kansas City, Missouri. Shirley served in the US Army in the 717th, 734th, and 735th Railway Operating Battalions as a railroad engineer. He trained a Ft. Leavenworth, Texas; Camp Thomas A. Scott, Fort Wayne, Indiana, Slidell and New Orleans, Louisiana; and Grand Rapids, Michigan. He was shipped overseas to England on May 1944 and served in Wales, England, France, Germany, Holland, and Belgium both during and after World War II. Shirley worked in the traffic control department of the Kansas City Terminal Railway for 46 years, retiring in 1985. He was a member of the Transportation Communications Union and the National Railway Historical Society.","Glen E. Ballew acquired the collection after the passing of friend and co-worker Clifford Brooks Shirley on October 11th, 1994. Ballew discovered these letters, photographs and newspaper clipping in the attic of Shirley's residence. Glenn E. Ballew donated the collection to the FSU Institute on World War II and the Human Experience.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","The collection includes 236 letters with some postcards and V-mails that \"Cliff\" wrote to his mother, Gladys Shirley, letters written to Gladys Shirley from some relatives of a soldier-friend of Cliff's who'd died in an accident, letters to Cliff from a woman he'd befriended in South Wales, and from his deceased friend's mother, to whom he'd written a note of condolence. News clippings, ephemera, and documents are also included. Cliff's letters express worries about post-war life and jobs, the desire for furlough, the point system, railroad strikes, Churchill, FDR, prices and wages, blackouts, housing problems in the US, draft dodgers, poor conditions in Germany (children begging GI's for candy, etc.), illness, United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation (UNRRA), and much more. Letters date from October 1943 though 1948. Cliff's letters to his mother end in March 1946.","Works in this collection are protected by copyright. Re-use or copying of these works beyond Fair Use may require permission from rights-holders.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army. Railway Operating Battalion, 717th","United States. Army. Railway Operating Battalion, 734th","United States. Army. Railway Operating Battalion, 735th","United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. Displaced Persons Operations","Shirley, Clifford Brooks, 1920-1994","Ballew, Glenn","English"],"unitid_tesim":["00.0647","/repositories/10/resources/1545"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1943-1948, Date accessioned: 2019-10-14"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Clifford Brooks Shirley collection, 1943-1948, Date accessioned: 2019-10-14"],"collection_title_tesim":["Clifford Brooks Shirley collection, 1943-1948, Date accessioned: 2019-10-14"],"collection_ssim":["Clifford Brooks Shirley collection, 1943-1948, Date accessioned: 2019-10-14"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["World War, ration point system","World War, 1939-1945 --  U.S. Housing shortages","World War, 1949-1945 -- Post-war life"],"geogname_ssim":["World War, ration point system","World War, 1939-1945 --  U.S. Housing shortages","World War, 1949-1945 -- Post-war life"],"creator_ssm":["Shirley, Clifford Brooks, 1920-1994","Ballew, Glenn"],"creator_ssim":["Shirley, Clifford Brooks, 1920-1994","Ballew, Glenn"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Shirley, Clifford Brooks, 1920-1994","Ballew, Glenn"],"creators_ssim":["Shirley, Clifford Brooks, 1920-1994","Ballew, Glenn"],"places_ssim":["World War, ration point system","World War, 1939-1945 --  U.S. Housing shortages","World War, 1949-1945 -- Post-war life"],"access_terms_ssm":["Works in this collection are protected by copyright. Re-use or copying of these works beyond Fair Use may require permission from rights-holders."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945 -- Repatriation of war dead","World War, 1939-1945--Germany","World War, 1939-1945--France","World War, 1939-1945--Netherlands","Military funerals","World War, 1939-1945--Casualties","World War, 1939-1945--Demobilization","Rationing--United States","American National Red Cross"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945 -- Repatriation of war dead","World War, 1939-1945--Germany","World War, 1939-1945--France","World War, 1939-1945--Netherlands","Military funerals","World War, 1939-1945--Casualties","World War, 1939-1945--Demobilization","Rationing--United States","American National Red Cross"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Linear Feet One Cubic Foot Box"],"extent_tesim":["1 Linear Feet One Cubic Foot Box"],"date_range_isim":[1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eClifford B. Shirley was born 1920 and passed away at the age of 74 in Kansas City, Missouri. Shirley served in the US Army in the 717th, 734th, and 735th Railway Operating Battalions as a railroad engineer. He trained a Ft. Leavenworth, Texas; Camp Thomas A. Scott, Fort Wayne, Indiana, Slidell and New Orleans, Louisiana; and Grand Rapids, Michigan. He was shipped overseas to England on May 1944 and served in Wales, England, France, Germany, Holland, and Belgium both during and after World War II. Shirley worked in the traffic control department of the Kansas City Terminal Railway for 46 years, retiring in 1985. He was a member of the Transportation Communications Union and the National Railway Historical Society.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Clifford B. Shirley was born 1920 and passed away at the age of 74 in Kansas City, Missouri. Shirley served in the US Army in the 717th, 734th, and 735th Railway Operating Battalions as a railroad engineer. He trained a Ft. Leavenworth, Texas; Camp Thomas A. Scott, Fort Wayne, Indiana, Slidell and New Orleans, Louisiana; and Grand Rapids, Michigan. He was shipped overseas to England on May 1944 and served in Wales, England, France, Germany, Holland, and Belgium both during and after World War II. Shirley worked in the traffic control department of the Kansas City Terminal Railway for 46 years, retiring in 1985. He was a member of the Transportation Communications Union and the National Railway Historical Society."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGlen E. Ballew acquired the collection after the passing of friend and co-worker Clifford Brooks Shirley on October 11th, 1994. Ballew discovered these letters, photographs and newspaper clipping in the attic of Shirley's residence. Glenn E. Ballew donated the collection to the FSU Institute on World War II and the Human Experience.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Glen E. Ballew acquired the collection after the passing of friend and co-worker Clifford Brooks Shirley on October 11th, 1994. Ballew discovered these letters, photographs and newspaper clipping in the attic of Shirley's residence. Glenn E. Ballew donated the collection to the FSU Institute on World War II and the Human Experience.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Clifford Brooks Shirley collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_00_0647.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Clifford Brooks Shirley collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_00_0647."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes 236 letters with some postcards and V-mails that \"Cliff\" wrote to his mother, Gladys Shirley, letters written to Gladys Shirley from some relatives of a soldier-friend of Cliff's who'd died in an accident, letters to Cliff from a woman he'd befriended in South Wales, and from his deceased friend's mother, to whom he'd written a note of condolence. News clippings, ephemera, and documents are also included. Cliff's letters express worries about post-war life and jobs, the desire for furlough, the point system, railroad strikes, Churchill, FDR, prices and wages, blackouts, housing problems in the US, draft dodgers, poor conditions in Germany (children begging GI's for candy, etc.), illness, United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation (UNRRA), and much more. Letters date from October 1943 though 1948. Cliff's letters to his mother end in March 1946.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes 236 letters with some postcards and V-mails that \"Cliff\" wrote to his mother, Gladys Shirley, letters written to Gladys Shirley from some relatives of a soldier-friend of Cliff's who'd died in an accident, letters to Cliff from a woman he'd befriended in South Wales, and from his deceased friend's mother, to whom he'd written a note of condolence. News clippings, ephemera, and documents are also included. Cliff's letters express worries about post-war life and jobs, the desire for furlough, the point system, railroad strikes, Churchill, FDR, prices and wages, blackouts, housing problems in the US, draft dodgers, poor conditions in Germany (children begging GI's for candy, etc.), illness, United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation (UNRRA), and much more. Letters date from October 1943 though 1948. Cliff's letters to his mother end in March 1946."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWorks in this collection are protected by copyright. Re-use or copying of these works beyond Fair Use may require permission from rights-holders.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Works in this collection are protected by copyright. Re-use or copying of these works beyond Fair Use may require permission from rights-holders."],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Army. Railway Operating Battalion, 717th","United States. Army. Railway Operating Battalion, 734th","United States. Army. Railway Operating Battalion, 735th","United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. Displaced Persons Operations","Ballew, Glenn"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army. Railway Operating Battalion, 717th","United States. Army. Railway Operating Battalion, 734th","United States. Army. Railway Operating Battalion, 735th","United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. Displaced Persons Operations","Shirley, Clifford Brooks, 1920-1994","Ballew, Glenn"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army. Railway Operating Battalion, 717th","United States. Army. Railway Operating Battalion, 734th","United States. Army. Railway Operating Battalion, 735th","United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. Displaced Persons Operations"],"persname_ssim":["Shirley, Clifford Brooks, 1920-1994","Ballew, Glenn"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":16,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"4dca3440c08f08ca3b94ce25","timestamp":"2026-07-09T05:01:24.807Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"4dca3440c08f08ca3b94ce25","title_filing_ssi":"Brooks, Clifford Shirley collection","title_ssm":["Clifford Brooks Shirley collection"],"title_tesim":["Clifford Brooks Shirley collection"],"ead_ssi":"4dca3440c08f08ca3b94ce25","unitdate_ssm":["1943-1948","Date accessioned: 2019-10-14"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1943-1948"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2019-10-14"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["00.0647","/repositories/10/resources/1545"],"text":["00.0647","/repositories/10/resources/1545","Clifford Brooks Shirley collection, 1943-1948, Date accessioned: 2019-10-14","World War, ration point system","World War, 1939-1945 --  U.S. Housing shortages","World War, 1949-1945 -- Post-war life","World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945 -- Repatriation of war dead","World War, 1939-1945--Germany","World War, 1939-1945--France","World War, 1939-1945--Netherlands","Military funerals","World War, 1939-1945--Casualties","World War, 1939-1945--Demobilization","Rationing--United States","American National Red Cross","This collection is open to all researchers.","Clifford B. Shirley was born 1920 and passed away at the age of 74 in Kansas City, Missouri. Shirley served in the US Army in the 717th, 734th, and 735th Railway Operating Battalions as a railroad engineer. He trained a Ft. Leavenworth, Texas; Camp Thomas A. Scott, Fort Wayne, Indiana, Slidell and New Orleans, Louisiana; and Grand Rapids, Michigan. He was shipped overseas to England on May 1944 and served in Wales, England, France, Germany, Holland, and Belgium both during and after World War II. Shirley worked in the traffic control department of the Kansas City Terminal Railway for 46 years, retiring in 1985. He was a member of the Transportation Communications Union and the National Railway Historical Society.","Glen E. Ballew acquired the collection after the passing of friend and co-worker Clifford Brooks Shirley on October 11th, 1994. Ballew discovered these letters, photographs and newspaper clipping in the attic of Shirley's residence. Glenn E. Ballew donated the collection to the FSU Institute on World War II and the Human Experience.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","The collection includes 236 letters with some postcards and V-mails that \"Cliff\" wrote to his mother, Gladys Shirley, letters written to Gladys Shirley from some relatives of a soldier-friend of Cliff's who'd died in an accident, letters to Cliff from a woman he'd befriended in South Wales, and from his deceased friend's mother, to whom he'd written a note of condolence. News clippings, ephemera, and documents are also included. Cliff's letters express worries about post-war life and jobs, the desire for furlough, the point system, railroad strikes, Churchill, FDR, prices and wages, blackouts, housing problems in the US, draft dodgers, poor conditions in Germany (children begging GI's for candy, etc.), illness, United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation (UNRRA), and much more. Letters date from October 1943 though 1948. Cliff's letters to his mother end in March 1946.","Works in this collection are protected by copyright. Re-use or copying of these works beyond Fair Use may require permission from rights-holders.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army. Railway Operating Battalion, 717th","United States. Army. Railway Operating Battalion, 734th","United States. Army. Railway Operating Battalion, 735th","United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. Displaced Persons Operations","Shirley, Clifford Brooks, 1920-1994","Ballew, Glenn","English"],"unitid_tesim":["00.0647","/repositories/10/resources/1545"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1943-1948, Date accessioned: 2019-10-14"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Clifford Brooks Shirley collection, 1943-1948, Date accessioned: 2019-10-14"],"collection_title_tesim":["Clifford Brooks Shirley collection, 1943-1948, Date accessioned: 2019-10-14"],"collection_ssim":["Clifford Brooks Shirley collection, 1943-1948, Date accessioned: 2019-10-14"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["World War, ration point system","World War, 1939-1945 --  U.S. Housing shortages","World War, 1949-1945 -- Post-war life"],"geogname_ssim":["World War, ration point system","World War, 1939-1945 --  U.S. Housing shortages","World War, 1949-1945 -- Post-war life"],"creator_ssm":["Shirley, Clifford Brooks, 1920-1994","Ballew, Glenn"],"creator_ssim":["Shirley, Clifford Brooks, 1920-1994","Ballew, Glenn"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Shirley, Clifford Brooks, 1920-1994","Ballew, Glenn"],"creators_ssim":["Shirley, Clifford Brooks, 1920-1994","Ballew, Glenn"],"places_ssim":["World War, ration point system","World War, 1939-1945 --  U.S. Housing shortages","World War, 1949-1945 -- Post-war life"],"access_terms_ssm":["Works in this collection are protected by copyright. Re-use or copying of these works beyond Fair Use may require permission from rights-holders."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945 -- Repatriation of war dead","World War, 1939-1945--Germany","World War, 1939-1945--France","World War, 1939-1945--Netherlands","Military funerals","World War, 1939-1945--Casualties","World War, 1939-1945--Demobilization","Rationing--United States","American National Red Cross"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945 -- Repatriation of war dead","World War, 1939-1945--Germany","World War, 1939-1945--France","World War, 1939-1945--Netherlands","Military funerals","World War, 1939-1945--Casualties","World War, 1939-1945--Demobilization","Rationing--United States","American National Red Cross"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Linear Feet One Cubic Foot Box"],"extent_tesim":["1 Linear Feet One Cubic Foot Box"],"date_range_isim":[1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eClifford B. Shirley was born 1920 and passed away at the age of 74 in Kansas City, Missouri. Shirley served in the US Army in the 717th, 734th, and 735th Railway Operating Battalions as a railroad engineer. He trained a Ft. Leavenworth, Texas; Camp Thomas A. Scott, Fort Wayne, Indiana, Slidell and New Orleans, Louisiana; and Grand Rapids, Michigan. He was shipped overseas to England on May 1944 and served in Wales, England, France, Germany, Holland, and Belgium both during and after World War II. Shirley worked in the traffic control department of the Kansas City Terminal Railway for 46 years, retiring in 1985. He was a member of the Transportation Communications Union and the National Railway Historical Society.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Clifford B. Shirley was born 1920 and passed away at the age of 74 in Kansas City, Missouri. Shirley served in the US Army in the 717th, 734th, and 735th Railway Operating Battalions as a railroad engineer. He trained a Ft. Leavenworth, Texas; Camp Thomas A. Scott, Fort Wayne, Indiana, Slidell and New Orleans, Louisiana; and Grand Rapids, Michigan. He was shipped overseas to England on May 1944 and served in Wales, England, France, Germany, Holland, and Belgium both during and after World War II. Shirley worked in the traffic control department of the Kansas City Terminal Railway for 46 years, retiring in 1985. He was a member of the Transportation Communications Union and the National Railway Historical Society."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGlen E. Ballew acquired the collection after the passing of friend and co-worker Clifford Brooks Shirley on October 11th, 1994. Ballew discovered these letters, photographs and newspaper clipping in the attic of Shirley's residence. Glenn E. Ballew donated the collection to the FSU Institute on World War II and the Human Experience.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Glen E. Ballew acquired the collection after the passing of friend and co-worker Clifford Brooks Shirley on October 11th, 1994. Ballew discovered these letters, photographs and newspaper clipping in the attic of Shirley's residence. Glenn E. Ballew donated the collection to the FSU Institute on World War II and the Human Experience.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Clifford Brooks Shirley collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_00_0647.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Clifford Brooks Shirley collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_00_0647."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes 236 letters with some postcards and V-mails that \"Cliff\" wrote to his mother, Gladys Shirley, letters written to Gladys Shirley from some relatives of a soldier-friend of Cliff's who'd died in an accident, letters to Cliff from a woman he'd befriended in South Wales, and from his deceased friend's mother, to whom he'd written a note of condolence. News clippings, ephemera, and documents are also included. Cliff's letters express worries about post-war life and jobs, the desire for furlough, the point system, railroad strikes, Churchill, FDR, prices and wages, blackouts, housing problems in the US, draft dodgers, poor conditions in Germany (children begging GI's for candy, etc.), illness, United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation (UNRRA), and much more. Letters date from October 1943 though 1948. Cliff's letters to his mother end in March 1946.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes 236 letters with some postcards and V-mails that \"Cliff\" wrote to his mother, Gladys Shirley, letters written to Gladys Shirley from some relatives of a soldier-friend of Cliff's who'd died in an accident, letters to Cliff from a woman he'd befriended in South Wales, and from his deceased friend's mother, to whom he'd written a note of condolence. News clippings, ephemera, and documents are also included. Cliff's letters express worries about post-war life and jobs, the desire for furlough, the point system, railroad strikes, Churchill, FDR, prices and wages, blackouts, housing problems in the US, draft dodgers, poor conditions in Germany (children begging GI's for candy, etc.), illness, United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation (UNRRA), and much more. Letters date from October 1943 though 1948. Cliff's letters to his mother end in March 1946."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWorks in this collection are protected by copyright. Re-use or copying of these works beyond Fair Use may require permission from rights-holders.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Works in this collection are protected by copyright. Re-use or copying of these works beyond Fair Use may require permission from rights-holders."],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Army. Railway Operating Battalion, 717th","United States. Army. Railway Operating Battalion, 734th","United States. Army. Railway Operating Battalion, 735th","United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. Displaced Persons Operations","Ballew, Glenn"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army. Railway Operating Battalion, 717th","United States. Army. Railway Operating Battalion, 734th","United States. Army. Railway Operating Battalion, 735th","United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. Displaced Persons Operations","Shirley, Clifford Brooks, 1920-1994","Ballew, Glenn"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army. Railway Operating Battalion, 717th","United States. Army. Railway Operating Battalion, 734th","United States. Army. Railway Operating Battalion, 735th","United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. Displaced Persons Operations"],"persname_ssim":["Shirley, Clifford Brooks, 1920-1994","Ballew, Glenn"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":16,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"4dca3440c08f08ca3b94ce25","timestamp":"2026-07-09T05:01:24.807Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4dca3440c08f08ca3b94ce25"}},{"id":"4bb2fa0bd4eba90c490275cd","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"David E. Bail Jr. papers, 1938-1949, Date accessioned: 2012-06-14","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4bb2fa0bd4eba90c490275cd#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Bail Jr., David E., 1921-1943"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4bb2fa0bd4eba90c490275cd#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Lieutenant David E. Bail Jr. who serves as a bombardier with the 335th Bomb Squadron, 95th Bomb Group in England during World War II. He attended University of Florida and enlisted in Spring of 1942. He flew two missions over France before he was shot down over Hanover, Germany on July 26, 1943 and killed in action. This collection contains seven folders includes Bail's personal letters to his family from December, 1941 up to his death, letters from the War Department to Bail's family first declaring him MIA, then later confirming him KIA, two photographs of Bail and his crew, and a letter from his sister to Bail's parents recounting her interview with Bail's one-time tail-gunner.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/4bb2fa0bd4eba90c490275cd#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"4bb2fa0bd4eba90c490275cd","title_filing_ssi":"Bail, David E. Jr. papers","title_ssm":["David E. Bail Jr. papers"],"title_tesim":["David E. Bail Jr. papers"],"ead_ssi":"4bb2fa0bd4eba90c490275cd","unitdate_ssm":["1938-1949","Date accessioned: 2012-06-14"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1938-1949"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2012-06-14"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["12.0025","/repositories/10/resources/1479"],"text":["12.0025","/repositories/10/resources/1479","David E. Bail Jr. papers, 1938-1949, Date accessioned: 2012-06-14","Jacksonville (Fla.)","Kirtland Air Force Base (N.M.)","United States. -- Army Air Forces. -- Bombardment Squadron, 335th -- History","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Europe","United States. Army Air Forces. Bomber Command, 8th","World War, 1939-1945--England","Military casualties","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations, German","United States. Army Air Forces. Bomb Group (H), 95th","B-17 (Bomber)","This collection is open to all researchers.","David E. Bail was born on July 19, 1921 in Jacksonville, Florida. He was nicknamed \"Sonny.\" He attended University of Florida and enlisted in Spring of 1942. Bail completed bombardier school and basic training at Ellington Field in Houston, Texas and air crew training at Kirtland Air Force Base in Albuquerque, New Mexico. He was assigned to crew 35C, 326th Bomb Squadron, 95th Bomb Group with the Eighth Air Force and was stationed in England. He flew two missions over France before he was shot down over Hannover, Germany and killed in action on July 26, 1943. The B-17F, 42-3264, crashed near Bremen, west of River Elbe; Missing Air Crew Report 193.  His collection consists of correspondence from Sonny to his parents and his sister, Grace \"Sissy\" Bail, from 1941-1943. These letters contain Bail's reactions to Pearl Harbor and the War as a student at the University of Florida, Bail's description of Air Corps Bombadier training, the scenery in Albuquerque, New Mexico, and his trip to England via Bangor, Maine. Later letters came from the field in England and from Bail's permanent squadron assignment in England. His letters from England from May through July 1943 describe military censorship of letters, problems with receiving mail, boredom, traveling to London on days off, entertainment (such as a 4th of July celebration and baseball games), and flying training. The letters also contain inquiries of home, asking parents to send a camera and candy, and reminisces of home.","\nOther correspondence includes letters that Bail received from his parents, mostly discussing the homefront, vacation in the mountains of North Carolina, and how to send packages overseas. Also included is correspondence between Bail's sister Grace \"Sissy\" and their parents. One letter describes Sissy's and Dr. Campbell's (President of Florida State College for Women) reactions to Pearl Harbor, and another is a 1944 interview which Sissy completed with Vincent, a tail gunner from Bail's original B-17 crew who was shot down but escaped through the French Underground. Vincent recalls stories about Bail from before his death. Sissy then sent the interview in letter format to her parents. ","\nA memorial is dedicated to Bail in Evergreen Cemetery in Jacksonville, Florida. Bail is also memorialized in the Netherlands American Cemetery, and he was posthumously awarded the Air Medal and Purple Heart.","Received from Grace Bail Mozo, sister of David E. Bail Jr.\nGift, 2012","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection relates to Lieutenant David E. Bail Jr. who serves as a bombardier with the 335th Bomb Squadron, 95th Bomb Group in England during World War II.  He attended University of Florida and enlisted in Spring of 1942. He flew two missions over France before he was shot down over Hanover, Germany on July 26, 1943 and killed in action. \nThis collection contains seven folders includes Bail's personal letters to his family from December, 1941 up to his death, letters from the War Department to Bail's family first declaring him MIA, then later confirming him KIA, two photographs of Bail and his crew, and a letter from his sister to Bail's parents recounting her interview with Bail's one-time tail-gunner.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army Air Forces. Bomb Group (H), 95th","United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 8th","Bail Jr., David E., 1921-1943","Mozo, Grace Bail","English"],"unitid_tesim":["12.0025","/repositories/10/resources/1479"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1938-1949, Date accessioned: 2012-06-14"],"normalized_title_ssm":["David E. Bail Jr. papers, 1938-1949, Date accessioned: 2012-06-14"],"collection_title_tesim":["David E. Bail Jr. papers, 1938-1949, Date accessioned: 2012-06-14"],"collection_ssim":["David E. Bail Jr. papers, 1938-1949, Date accessioned: 2012-06-14"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Jacksonville (Fla.)","Kirtland Air Force Base (N.M.)","United States. -- Army Air Forces. -- Bombardment Squadron, 335th -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Jacksonville (Fla.)","Kirtland Air Force Base (N.M.)","United States. -- Army Air Forces. -- Bombardment Squadron, 335th -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Bail Jr., David E., 1921-1943","Mozo, Grace Bail"],"creator_ssim":["Bail Jr., David E., 1921-1943","Mozo, Grace Bail"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bail Jr., David E., 1921-1943","Mozo, Grace Bail"],"creators_ssim":["Bail Jr., David E., 1921-1943","Mozo, Grace Bail"],"places_ssim":["Jacksonville (Fla.)","Kirtland Air Force Base (N.M.)","United States. -- Army Air Forces. -- Bombardment Squadron, 335th -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Europe","United States. Army Air Forces. Bomber Command, 8th","World War, 1939-1945--England","Military casualties","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations, German","United States. Army Air Forces. Bomb Group (H), 95th","B-17 (Bomber)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Europe","United States. Army Air Forces. Bomber Command, 8th","World War, 1939-1945--England","Military casualties","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations, German","United States. Army Air Forces. Bomb Group (H), 95th","B-17 (Bomber)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".25 Linear Feet 1/4 box containing 7 folders"],"extent_tesim":[".25 Linear Feet 1/4 box containing 7 folders"],"date_range_isim":[1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDavid E. Bail was born on July 19, 1921 in Jacksonville, Florida. He was nicknamed \"Sonny.\" He attended University of Florida and enlisted in Spring of 1942. Bail completed bombardier school and basic training at Ellington Field in Houston, Texas and air crew training at Kirtland Air Force Base in Albuquerque, New Mexico. He was assigned to crew 35C, 326th Bomb Squadron, 95th Bomb Group with the Eighth Air Force and was stationed in England. He flew two missions over France before he was shot down over Hannover, Germany and killed in action on July 26, 1943. The B-17F, 42-3264, crashed near Bremen, west of River Elbe; Missing Air Crew Report 193.  His collection consists of correspondence from Sonny to his parents and his sister, Grace \"Sissy\" Bail, from 1941-1943. These letters contain Bail's reactions to Pearl Harbor and the War as a student at the University of Florida, Bail's description of Air Corps Bombadier training, the scenery in Albuquerque, New Mexico, and his trip to England via Bangor, Maine. Later letters came from the field in England and from Bail's permanent squadron assignment in England. His letters from England from May through July 1943 describe military censorship of letters, problems with receiving mail, boredom, traveling to London on days off, entertainment (such as a 4th of July celebration and baseball games), and flying training. The letters also contain inquiries of home, asking parents to send a camera and candy, and reminisces of home.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nOther correspondence includes letters that Bail received from his parents, mostly discussing the homefront, vacation in the mountains of North Carolina, and how to send packages overseas. Also included is correspondence between Bail's sister Grace \"Sissy\" and their parents. One letter describes Sissy's and Dr. Campbell's (President of Florida State College for Women) reactions to Pearl Harbor, and another is a 1944 interview which Sissy completed with Vincent, a tail gunner from Bail's original B-17 crew who was shot down but escaped through the French Underground. Vincent recalls stories about Bail from before his death. Sissy then sent the interview in letter format to her parents. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nA memorial is dedicated to Bail in Evergreen Cemetery in Jacksonville, Florida. Bail is also memorialized in the Netherlands American Cemetery, and he was posthumously awarded the Air Medal and Purple Heart.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["David E. Bail was born on July 19, 1921 in Jacksonville, Florida. He was nicknamed \"Sonny.\" He attended University of Florida and enlisted in Spring of 1942. Bail completed bombardier school and basic training at Ellington Field in Houston, Texas and air crew training at Kirtland Air Force Base in Albuquerque, New Mexico. He was assigned to crew 35C, 326th Bomb Squadron, 95th Bomb Group with the Eighth Air Force and was stationed in England. He flew two missions over France before he was shot down over Hannover, Germany and killed in action on July 26, 1943. The B-17F, 42-3264, crashed near Bremen, west of River Elbe; Missing Air Crew Report 193.  His collection consists of correspondence from Sonny to his parents and his sister, Grace \"Sissy\" Bail, from 1941-1943. These letters contain Bail's reactions to Pearl Harbor and the War as a student at the University of Florida, Bail's description of Air Corps Bombadier training, the scenery in Albuquerque, New Mexico, and his trip to England via Bangor, Maine. Later letters came from the field in England and from Bail's permanent squadron assignment in England. His letters from England from May through July 1943 describe military censorship of letters, problems with receiving mail, boredom, traveling to London on days off, entertainment (such as a 4th of July celebration and baseball games), and flying training. The letters also contain inquiries of home, asking parents to send a camera and candy, and reminisces of home.","\nOther correspondence includes letters that Bail received from his parents, mostly discussing the homefront, vacation in the mountains of North Carolina, and how to send packages overseas. Also included is correspondence between Bail's sister Grace \"Sissy\" and their parents. One letter describes Sissy's and Dr. Campbell's (President of Florida State College for Women) reactions to Pearl Harbor, and another is a 1944 interview which Sissy completed with Vincent, a tail gunner from Bail's original B-17 crew who was shot down but escaped through the French Underground. Vincent recalls stories about Bail from before his death. Sissy then sent the interview in letter format to her parents. ","\nA memorial is dedicated to Bail in Evergreen Cemetery in Jacksonville, Florida. Bail is also memorialized in the Netherlands American Cemetery, and he was posthumously awarded the Air Medal and Purple Heart."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eReceived from Grace Bail Mozo, sister of David E. Bail Jr.\nGift, 2012\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance","Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Received from Grace Bail Mozo, sister of David E. Bail Jr.\nGift, 2012","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], David E. Bail, Jr. papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_12_0025\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_12_0025\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], David E. Bail, Jr. papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_12_0025"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Lieutenant David E. Bail Jr. who serves as a bombardier with the 335th Bomb Squadron, 95th Bomb Group in England during World War II.  He attended University of Florida and enlisted in Spring of 1942. He flew two missions over France before he was shot down over Hanover, Germany on July 26, 1943 and killed in action. \nThis collection contains seven folders includes Bail's personal letters to his family from December, 1941 up to his death, letters from the War Department to Bail's family first declaring him MIA, then later confirming him KIA, two photographs of Bail and his crew, and a letter from his sister to Bail's parents recounting her interview with Bail's one-time tail-gunner.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to Lieutenant David E. Bail Jr. who serves as a bombardier with the 335th Bomb Squadron, 95th Bomb Group in England during World War II.  He attended University of Florida and enlisted in Spring of 1942. He flew two missions over France before he was shot down over Hanover, Germany on July 26, 1943 and killed in action. \nThis collection contains seven folders includes Bail's personal letters to his family from December, 1941 up to his death, letters from the War Department to Bail's family first declaring him MIA, then later confirming him KIA, two photographs of Bail and his crew, and a letter from his sister to Bail's parents recounting her interview with Bail's one-time tail-gunner."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Army Air Forces. Bomb Group (H), 95th","United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 8th","Mozo, Grace Bail"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army Air Forces. Bomb Group (H), 95th","United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 8th","Bail Jr., David E., 1921-1943","Mozo, Grace Bail"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army Air Forces. Bomb Group (H), 95th","United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 8th"],"persname_ssim":["Bail Jr., David E., 1921-1943","Mozo, Grace Bail"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":7,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1870857450250305536,"_root_":"4bb2fa0bd4eba90c490275cd","timestamp":"2026-07-16T07:58:19.961Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"4bb2fa0bd4eba90c490275cd","title_filing_ssi":"Bail, David E. Jr. papers","title_ssm":["David E. Bail Jr. papers"],"title_tesim":["David E. Bail Jr. papers"],"ead_ssi":"4bb2fa0bd4eba90c490275cd","unitdate_ssm":["1938-1949","Date accessioned: 2012-06-14"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1938-1949"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2012-06-14"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["12.0025","/repositories/10/resources/1479"],"text":["12.0025","/repositories/10/resources/1479","David E. Bail Jr. papers, 1938-1949, Date accessioned: 2012-06-14","Jacksonville (Fla.)","Kirtland Air Force Base (N.M.)","United States. -- Army Air Forces. -- Bombardment Squadron, 335th -- History","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Europe","United States. Army Air Forces. Bomber Command, 8th","World War, 1939-1945--England","Military casualties","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations, German","United States. Army Air Forces. Bomb Group (H), 95th","B-17 (Bomber)","This collection is open to all researchers.","David E. Bail was born on July 19, 1921 in Jacksonville, Florida. He was nicknamed \"Sonny.\" He attended University of Florida and enlisted in Spring of 1942. Bail completed bombardier school and basic training at Ellington Field in Houston, Texas and air crew training at Kirtland Air Force Base in Albuquerque, New Mexico. He was assigned to crew 35C, 326th Bomb Squadron, 95th Bomb Group with the Eighth Air Force and was stationed in England. He flew two missions over France before he was shot down over Hannover, Germany and killed in action on July 26, 1943. The B-17F, 42-3264, crashed near Bremen, west of River Elbe; Missing Air Crew Report 193.  His collection consists of correspondence from Sonny to his parents and his sister, Grace \"Sissy\" Bail, from 1941-1943. These letters contain Bail's reactions to Pearl Harbor and the War as a student at the University of Florida, Bail's description of Air Corps Bombadier training, the scenery in Albuquerque, New Mexico, and his trip to England via Bangor, Maine. Later letters came from the field in England and from Bail's permanent squadron assignment in England. His letters from England from May through July 1943 describe military censorship of letters, problems with receiving mail, boredom, traveling to London on days off, entertainment (such as a 4th of July celebration and baseball games), and flying training. The letters also contain inquiries of home, asking parents to send a camera and candy, and reminisces of home.","\nOther correspondence includes letters that Bail received from his parents, mostly discussing the homefront, vacation in the mountains of North Carolina, and how to send packages overseas. Also included is correspondence between Bail's sister Grace \"Sissy\" and their parents. One letter describes Sissy's and Dr. Campbell's (President of Florida State College for Women) reactions to Pearl Harbor, and another is a 1944 interview which Sissy completed with Vincent, a tail gunner from Bail's original B-17 crew who was shot down but escaped through the French Underground. Vincent recalls stories about Bail from before his death. Sissy then sent the interview in letter format to her parents. ","\nA memorial is dedicated to Bail in Evergreen Cemetery in Jacksonville, Florida. Bail is also memorialized in the Netherlands American Cemetery, and he was posthumously awarded the Air Medal and Purple Heart.","Received from Grace Bail Mozo, sister of David E. Bail Jr.\nGift, 2012","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection relates to Lieutenant David E. Bail Jr. who serves as a bombardier with the 335th Bomb Squadron, 95th Bomb Group in England during World War II.  He attended University of Florida and enlisted in Spring of 1942. He flew two missions over France before he was shot down over Hanover, Germany on July 26, 1943 and killed in action. \nThis collection contains seven folders includes Bail's personal letters to his family from December, 1941 up to his death, letters from the War Department to Bail's family first declaring him MIA, then later confirming him KIA, two photographs of Bail and his crew, and a letter from his sister to Bail's parents recounting her interview with Bail's one-time tail-gunner.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army Air Forces. Bomb Group (H), 95th","United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 8th","Bail Jr., David E., 1921-1943","Mozo, Grace Bail","English"],"unitid_tesim":["12.0025","/repositories/10/resources/1479"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1938-1949, Date accessioned: 2012-06-14"],"normalized_title_ssm":["David E. Bail Jr. papers, 1938-1949, Date accessioned: 2012-06-14"],"collection_title_tesim":["David E. Bail Jr. papers, 1938-1949, Date accessioned: 2012-06-14"],"collection_ssim":["David E. Bail Jr. papers, 1938-1949, Date accessioned: 2012-06-14"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Jacksonville (Fla.)","Kirtland Air Force Base (N.M.)","United States. -- Army Air Forces. -- Bombardment Squadron, 335th -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Jacksonville (Fla.)","Kirtland Air Force Base (N.M.)","United States. -- Army Air Forces. -- Bombardment Squadron, 335th -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Bail Jr., David E., 1921-1943","Mozo, Grace Bail"],"creator_ssim":["Bail Jr., David E., 1921-1943","Mozo, Grace Bail"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bail Jr., David E., 1921-1943","Mozo, Grace Bail"],"creators_ssim":["Bail Jr., David E., 1921-1943","Mozo, Grace Bail"],"places_ssim":["Jacksonville (Fla.)","Kirtland Air Force Base (N.M.)","United States. -- Army Air Forces. -- Bombardment Squadron, 335th -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Europe","United States. Army Air Forces. Bomber Command, 8th","World War, 1939-1945--England","Military casualties","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations, German","United States. Army Air Forces. Bomb Group (H), 95th","B-17 (Bomber)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Europe","United States. Army Air Forces. Bomber Command, 8th","World War, 1939-1945--England","Military casualties","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations, German","United States. Army Air Forces. Bomb Group (H), 95th","B-17 (Bomber)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".25 Linear Feet 1/4 box containing 7 folders"],"extent_tesim":[".25 Linear Feet 1/4 box containing 7 folders"],"date_range_isim":[1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDavid E. Bail was born on July 19, 1921 in Jacksonville, Florida. He was nicknamed \"Sonny.\" He attended University of Florida and enlisted in Spring of 1942. Bail completed bombardier school and basic training at Ellington Field in Houston, Texas and air crew training at Kirtland Air Force Base in Albuquerque, New Mexico. He was assigned to crew 35C, 326th Bomb Squadron, 95th Bomb Group with the Eighth Air Force and was stationed in England. He flew two missions over France before he was shot down over Hannover, Germany and killed in action on July 26, 1943. The B-17F, 42-3264, crashed near Bremen, west of River Elbe; Missing Air Crew Report 193.  His collection consists of correspondence from Sonny to his parents and his sister, Grace \"Sissy\" Bail, from 1941-1943. These letters contain Bail's reactions to Pearl Harbor and the War as a student at the University of Florida, Bail's description of Air Corps Bombadier training, the scenery in Albuquerque, New Mexico, and his trip to England via Bangor, Maine. Later letters came from the field in England and from Bail's permanent squadron assignment in England. His letters from England from May through July 1943 describe military censorship of letters, problems with receiving mail, boredom, traveling to London on days off, entertainment (such as a 4th of July celebration and baseball games), and flying training. The letters also contain inquiries of home, asking parents to send a camera and candy, and reminisces of home.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nOther correspondence includes letters that Bail received from his parents, mostly discussing the homefront, vacation in the mountains of North Carolina, and how to send packages overseas. Also included is correspondence between Bail's sister Grace \"Sissy\" and their parents. One letter describes Sissy's and Dr. Campbell's (President of Florida State College for Women) reactions to Pearl Harbor, and another is a 1944 interview which Sissy completed with Vincent, a tail gunner from Bail's original B-17 crew who was shot down but escaped through the French Underground. Vincent recalls stories about Bail from before his death. Sissy then sent the interview in letter format to her parents. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nA memorial is dedicated to Bail in Evergreen Cemetery in Jacksonville, Florida. Bail is also memorialized in the Netherlands American Cemetery, and he was posthumously awarded the Air Medal and Purple Heart.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["David E. Bail was born on July 19, 1921 in Jacksonville, Florida. He was nicknamed \"Sonny.\" He attended University of Florida and enlisted in Spring of 1942. Bail completed bombardier school and basic training at Ellington Field in Houston, Texas and air crew training at Kirtland Air Force Base in Albuquerque, New Mexico. He was assigned to crew 35C, 326th Bomb Squadron, 95th Bomb Group with the Eighth Air Force and was stationed in England. He flew two missions over France before he was shot down over Hannover, Germany and killed in action on July 26, 1943. The B-17F, 42-3264, crashed near Bremen, west of River Elbe; Missing Air Crew Report 193.  His collection consists of correspondence from Sonny to his parents and his sister, Grace \"Sissy\" Bail, from 1941-1943. These letters contain Bail's reactions to Pearl Harbor and the War as a student at the University of Florida, Bail's description of Air Corps Bombadier training, the scenery in Albuquerque, New Mexico, and his trip to England via Bangor, Maine. Later letters came from the field in England and from Bail's permanent squadron assignment in England. His letters from England from May through July 1943 describe military censorship of letters, problems with receiving mail, boredom, traveling to London on days off, entertainment (such as a 4th of July celebration and baseball games), and flying training. The letters also contain inquiries of home, asking parents to send a camera and candy, and reminisces of home.","\nOther correspondence includes letters that Bail received from his parents, mostly discussing the homefront, vacation in the mountains of North Carolina, and how to send packages overseas. Also included is correspondence between Bail's sister Grace \"Sissy\" and their parents. One letter describes Sissy's and Dr. Campbell's (President of Florida State College for Women) reactions to Pearl Harbor, and another is a 1944 interview which Sissy completed with Vincent, a tail gunner from Bail's original B-17 crew who was shot down but escaped through the French Underground. Vincent recalls stories about Bail from before his death. Sissy then sent the interview in letter format to her parents. ","\nA memorial is dedicated to Bail in Evergreen Cemetery in Jacksonville, Florida. Bail is also memorialized in the Netherlands American Cemetery, and he was posthumously awarded the Air Medal and Purple Heart."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eReceived from Grace Bail Mozo, sister of David E. Bail Jr.\nGift, 2012\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance","Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Received from Grace Bail Mozo, sister of David E. Bail Jr.\nGift, 2012","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], David E. Bail, Jr. papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_12_0025\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_12_0025\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], David E. Bail, Jr. papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_12_0025"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to Lieutenant David E. Bail Jr. who serves as a bombardier with the 335th Bomb Squadron, 95th Bomb Group in England during World War II.  He attended University of Florida and enlisted in Spring of 1942. He flew two missions over France before he was shot down over Hanover, Germany on July 26, 1943 and killed in action. \nThis collection contains seven folders includes Bail's personal letters to his family from December, 1941 up to his death, letters from the War Department to Bail's family first declaring him MIA, then later confirming him KIA, two photographs of Bail and his crew, and a letter from his sister to Bail's parents recounting her interview with Bail's one-time tail-gunner.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to Lieutenant David E. Bail Jr. who serves as a bombardier with the 335th Bomb Squadron, 95th Bomb Group in England during World War II.  He attended University of Florida and enlisted in Spring of 1942. He flew two missions over France before he was shot down over Hanover, Germany on July 26, 1943 and killed in action. \nThis collection contains seven folders includes Bail's personal letters to his family from December, 1941 up to his death, letters from the War Department to Bail's family first declaring him MIA, then later confirming him KIA, two photographs of Bail and his crew, and a letter from his sister to Bail's parents recounting her interview with Bail's one-time tail-gunner."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. 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The papers include an oral interview transcript and audiotape recording. 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His sister Joan was born in 1924, and brother Alan in 1926.  Geoffrey Styles served as a messenger boy during World War II for the Civil Defense in Romford.  He recounts the German air raids during the 1940 Blitz and later the V-1, V-2, rocket attacks on London in 1944, which included Romford.  He also recounts life during the war, and the actions taken by his family during air raids.  Additional related collection 00.0176 for Geoffrey Styles contains BBC taped interviews.","This collection was donated by Geoffrey Styles. 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His sister Joan was born in 1924, and brother Alan in 1926.\u0026#xA0; Geoffrey Styles served as a messenger boy during World War II for the Civil Defense in Romford.\u0026#xA0; He recounts the German air raids during the 1940 Blitz and later the V-1, V-2, rocket attacks on London in 1944, which included Romford.\u0026#xA0; He also recounts life during the war, and the actions taken by his family during air raids.\u0026#xA0; Additional related collection 00.0176 for Geoffrey Styles contains BBC taped interviews.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Geoffrey Styles was born on December 2, 1929, in Romford, within the London, England metropolitan area. 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The collection was acquired by the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience on September 25, 2017.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","Related collection 00.0176 contains videotaped interview of Geoffrey Styles conducted by the BBC.","This collection relates to Geoffrey Styles who was eleven years old and lived in Romford, 14 miles Northeast of London when World War II began for Great Britain. The papers include an oral interview transcript and audiotape recording. The collection also includes a letter written from Normandy during World War II by Jesse Davis Binns.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. 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Army. Infantry Division, 34th--History.","Some fragile texts have been laminated or placed in protective sleeves, others are delicate but can be handled with care.","This collection is open to all researchers.","George Oliver Craig was born on June 5, 1913 and lived in Wilmington, Ohio \t\t\nHe entered service with the U.S. Army on December 4, 1942 at Columbus, Ohio and was assigned to the 99th Infantry Division. Afte the war, Craig returned to Wilmington, OH and passed away in February 1984.\n \nCorporal Leroy Davis was born on October 6, 1915 and was raised in Wilmington, OH. He was the cousin of George Oliver Craig.  Davis entered the U.S. Army on October 20, 1941 at Fort Thomas, Kentucky. He was ultimately was assigned to Headquarters Company, 135th Infantry Regiment, 34th Infantry Division.  Davis participated in the North African and Italian campaigns.  He was killed in action in Italy on December 5, 1943. \nThis collection was donated to the Institute on WWII and the Human Experience by Craig's niece and granddaughter in 2011.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection relates to George Oliver Craig who served with the 99th Infantry Division during World War II in France, during the Battle of the Ardennes, and Germany. The collection contains letters, photographs, government documents, newspaper clippings from Craig's experiences in the Civilian Conservation Corps, at training camps in the U.S., and at various stations in Germany, France, and England. The collection also contains a diary.  His burial flag is also included in this collection.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army. 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Infantry Division, 34th--History."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["Some fragile texts have been laminated or placed in protective sleeves, others are delicate but can be handled with care."],"extent_ssm":["2 boxes 1 cubic foot container and 1 flag box"],"extent_tesim":["2 boxes 1 cubic foot container and 1 flag box"],"date_range_isim":[1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Oliver Craig was born on June 5, 1913 and lived in Wilmington, Ohio \t\t\nHe entered service with the U.S. Army on December 4, 1942 at Columbus, Ohio and was assigned to the 99th Infantry Division. Afte the war, Craig returned to Wilmington, OH and passed away in February 1984.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nCorporal Leroy Davis was born on October 6, 1915 and was raised in Wilmington, OH. He was the cousin of George Oliver Craig.  Davis entered the U.S. Army on October 20, 1941 at Fort Thomas, Kentucky. He was ultimately was assigned to Headquarters Company, 135th Infantry Regiment, 34th Infantry Division.  Davis participated in the North African and Italian campaigns.  He was killed in action in Italy on December 5, 1943.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThis collection was donated to the Institute on WWII and the Human Experience by Craig's niece and granddaughter in 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["George Oliver Craig was born on June 5, 1913 and lived in Wilmington, Ohio \t\t\nHe entered service with the U.S. Army on December 4, 1942 at Columbus, Ohio and was assigned to the 99th Infantry Division. Afte the war, Craig returned to Wilmington, OH and passed away in February 1984.\n \nCorporal Leroy Davis was born on October 6, 1915 and was raised in Wilmington, OH. He was the cousin of George Oliver Craig.  Davis entered the U.S. Army on October 20, 1941 at Fort Thomas, Kentucky. He was ultimately was assigned to Headquarters Company, 135th Infantry Regiment, 34th Infantry Division.  Davis participated in the North African and Italian campaigns.  He was killed in action in Italy on December 5, 1943. \nThis collection was donated to the Institute on WWII and the Human Experience by Craig's niece and granddaughter in 2011."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], George Oliver Craig collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-11-1936\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], George Oliver Craig collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-11-1936"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to George Oliver Craig who served with the 99th Infantry Division during World War II in France, during the Battle of the Ardennes, and Germany. 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His burial flag is also included in this collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. 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He was killed in action in Italy on December 5, 1943. \nThis collection was donated to the Institute on WWII and the Human Experience by Craig's niece and granddaughter in 2011.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection relates to George Oliver Craig who served with the 99th Infantry Division during World War II in France, during the Battle of the Ardennes, and Germany. The collection contains letters, photographs, government documents, newspaper clippings from Craig's experiences in the Civilian Conservation Corps, at training camps in the U.S., and at various stations in Germany, France, and England. The collection also contains a diary.  His burial flag is also included in this collection.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army. 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Infantry Division, 34th--History."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["Some fragile texts have been laminated or placed in protective sleeves, others are delicate but can be handled with care."],"extent_ssm":["2 boxes 1 cubic foot container and 1 flag box"],"extent_tesim":["2 boxes 1 cubic foot container and 1 flag box"],"date_range_isim":[1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Oliver Craig was born on June 5, 1913 and lived in Wilmington, Ohio \t\t\nHe entered service with the U.S. Army on December 4, 1942 at Columbus, Ohio and was assigned to the 99th Infantry Division. Afte the war, Craig returned to Wilmington, OH and passed away in February 1984.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nCorporal Leroy Davis was born on October 6, 1915 and was raised in Wilmington, OH. He was the cousin of George Oliver Craig.  Davis entered the U.S. Army on October 20, 1941 at Fort Thomas, Kentucky. He was ultimately was assigned to Headquarters Company, 135th Infantry Regiment, 34th Infantry Division.  Davis participated in the North African and Italian campaigns.  He was killed in action in Italy on December 5, 1943.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThis collection was donated to the Institute on WWII and the Human Experience by Craig's niece and granddaughter in 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["George Oliver Craig was born on June 5, 1913 and lived in Wilmington, Ohio \t\t\nHe entered service with the U.S. Army on December 4, 1942 at Columbus, Ohio and was assigned to the 99th Infantry Division. Afte the war, Craig returned to Wilmington, OH and passed away in February 1984.\n \nCorporal Leroy Davis was born on October 6, 1915 and was raised in Wilmington, OH. He was the cousin of George Oliver Craig.  Davis entered the U.S. Army on October 20, 1941 at Fort Thomas, Kentucky. He was ultimately was assigned to Headquarters Company, 135th Infantry Regiment, 34th Infantry Division.  Davis participated in the North African and Italian campaigns.  He was killed in action in Italy on December 5, 1943. \nThis collection was donated to the Institute on WWII and the Human Experience by Craig's niece and granddaughter in 2011."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], George Oliver Craig collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-11-1936\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], George Oliver Craig collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-11-1936"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to George Oliver Craig who served with the 99th Infantry Division during World War II in France, during the Battle of the Ardennes, and Germany. 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His burial flag is also included in this collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Army. Infantry Division, 99th","Davis, Leroy, 1915-1943"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army. Infantry Division, 99th","Craig, George Oliver, 1913-1984","Davis, Leroy, 1915-1943"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army. 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The collection also consists of several additional letters and postcards from other Patterson residents to Lawrence Anderson of Patterson, New Jersey.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/744c923452316ac76001d205#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"744c923452316ac76001d205","title_filing_ssi":"Winton, George collection","title_ssm":["George Winton collection"],"title_tesim":["George Winton collection"],"ead_ssi":"744c923452316ac76001d205","unitdate_ssm":["1943-1947","Date accessioned: 2011-11-21"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1943-1947"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2011-11-21"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["11.0079","/repositories/10/resources/1707"],"text":["11.0079","/repositories/10/resources/1707","George Winton collection, 1943-1947, Date accessioned: 2011-11-21","\tCamp Croft (S.C. : Military camp)","United States--New Jersey--Patterson","United States--Virginia--Richmond County--Camp Lee","World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945--France","Basic training (Military education)","War bonds","United States. 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Based on a reading of the correspondence, he likely worked as a postmaster in Patterson before entering the service."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], George Winton collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-11-1979\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], George Winton collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-11-1979"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of letters and postcards written by Harry L. 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Based on a reading of the correspondence, he likely worked as a postmaster in Patterson before entering the service."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], George Winton collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-11-1979\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], George Winton collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-11-1979"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of letters and postcards written by Harry L. Lewis who served with the U.S. Army's 158th Postal Company that was  deployed to England and later France.  The collection also consists of several additional letters and postcards from other Patterson residents to Lawrence Anderson of Patterson, New Jersey.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of letters and postcards written by Harry L. Lewis who served with the U.S. Army's 158th Postal Company that was  deployed to England and later France.  The collection also consists of several additional letters and postcards from other Patterson residents to Lawrence Anderson of Patterson, New Jersey."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Winton, George"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Winton, George"],"persname_ssim":["Winton, George"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":4,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"744c923452316ac76001d205","timestamp":"2026-07-10T05:12:37.057Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/744c923452316ac76001d205"}},{"id":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hasterlik-Hine collection consists personal correspondence between Giulia Kortischoner (married name Hine) and her family and friends. The personal correspondence consists of letters, postcards, get-well-soon cards, greeting cards, and a small number of travel documents. The collection contains discussions about the Holocaust, life as a Jewish refugee, and the progress of the war and life afterwards.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","title_filing_ssi":"Hasterlik-Hine collection","title_ssm":["Hasterlik-Hine collection"],"title_tesim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection"],"ead_ssi":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","unitdate_ssm":["1700-2000","Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1700-2000"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["98.0729","/repositories/10/resources/110"],"text":["98.0729","/repositories/10/resources/110","Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04","World War, 1939-1945","Jewish refugees--Germany--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--United States","World War, 1939-1945--Africa","World War, 1939-1945--Japan","World War, 1939-1945--Children","World War, 1939-1945--Censorship","World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--United States","United States--Race relations--History--20th century","Protestantism--20th century","Emigration and immigration","United States--Emigration and immigration--History--20th century","Formulas, recipes, etc.","New York World's Fair (1939-1940 : New York, N.Y.)","Burgtheater (Vienna, Austria)","Get-well cards","Children's drawings","Save the Children International Union","Poliomyelitis","Catholicism","Women--Employment--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Western Front","Nuns","Obstetrics","Child rearing in literature","Women--Employment--United States--History--20th century","Rationing","Diphtheria","V-J Day, 1945","Atomic bomb--History--20th century","Naturalization--United States","V-E Day, 1945","Theresienstadt (Concentration camp)","Switzerland--Social life and customs","Austria--History--Allied occupation, 1945-1955","United States--Social life and customs--1945-1970","Concentration Camps","World War, 1939-1945--Underground movements--Greece","Gurs (Concentration camp)","Education--Austria","Europe--Social conditions--20th century","United States--Social conditions--20th century","Africa--Race relations","Nuremberg War Crime Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, 1946-1949","Antisemitism","Infatuation","Kinderhilfswerk","Jews--Austria--Vienna--History","Scarcity","Gynecology","Personal correspondence","Postcards.","This collection is open to all researchers.","Giulia M. Kortischoner (married Hine) was born in Vienna, Austria on September 30, 1925 and passed away on June 16, 2015 in Boulder, Colorado.  \nOnly thirteen years old when World War II began, Giulia Koritschoner came of age in a time of uncertainty and chaos. Despite the context in which Giulia grew up, however, the letters of the Hasterlik-Hine collection demonstrate the fact that, for those on the home front, daily life often continued on as normal. Indeed, Giulia's correspondence throughout 1942 regularly includes cheerful greeting cards for holidays that are decorated with personalized drawings and beautiful calligraphy. These letters were sent from not only family members but also a vast array of friends and acquaintances that Giulia made throughout the war years. Giulia's letters to and from schoolmates portray scenes of growing up that remained largely unchanged even in times of war. This is particularly evident in Giulia's letters to and from Margaret Wolf, a friend from Schaffhausen who evolved from sending letters complaining about disliked teachers and unbearably boring school lessons to letters that explained her fears about graduating from school and having to enter the workforce. Giulia's own letters mirror this development, as she wrote to her family contemplating a variety of jobs, from a lab technician to a stenographer to a masseuse. Even in the midst of the war, the possibilities for the future seemed endless. \nYet, elements of the war do seep into many of the letters. Discussions of rationing figure prominently in much of Giulia's correspondence, as Ällägg Bechtold, a school friend from Schaffhausen, described how school was let out early in the spring because of a shortage of coal to keep students warm. Margaret Wolf complained that bakeries purposely sold old bread because it was thought that individuals would consume it more slowly than fresh bread. Even the letter that Giulia's school principal sent to her was written not on regular paper but rather on postcards that students were encouraged to fill with holiday greetings and send to soldiers in order to boost their morale. Many of Giulia's letters to and from her family during this time contain anxiety about Giulia's grandfather, Paul Hasterlik, who remained behind in Vienna while the rest of the family escaped. Although attempts were made to organize his passage to the United States, these efforts ultimately proved unsuccessful, and the letters reflect concerns about everything from whether Paul was able to find food to whether he was, in fact, actively being \"tormented.\" Although letters from Paul contained joy about Giulia's recovery from polio and excitement about her prospects for the future, he remained vague in descriptions of his own life, only briefly mentioning that he was forced to move to another apartment in Vienna. \nOther members of Giulia's family struggled during this time as well. Mia Hasterlik's letters outline her difficulties finding suitable employment in New York while living in unpleasant conditions. Perhaps most dramatically, Susi Weiss, Giulia's older sister who moved to Nairobi at the beginning of the war, describes the emotional and physical abuse to which her husband subjected her to and her overwhelming happiness at finally being free of him. This vast array of voices and subject matter reflected in the Hasterlik-Hine collection depict a strange intersection between war and daily life that occurred for those living on the home front during World War II. Ultimately, the collection offers an invaluable glimpse of what it means to come of age in a time of war, highlighting the fears, delights, and amusements that punctuated daily life. \nAs World War II came to an end in 1945, individuals across the globe celebrated the cessation of one of the deadliest conflicts in human history. Yet, for many people, the end of the war did not necessarily mean a return to normal life. The letters of the Hasterlik-Hine Collection provide a nuanced first-hand account of the tumultuous period following the end of the war, chronicling the story of a family that had to cope with not only the loss of family members and friends but also, perhaps most significantly, the loss of a homeland. Letters from Mia Hasterlik to her daughter, Giulia Koritschoner, highlight the joy with which the end of the war was received in the United States, expressing disbelief at the fact that \"this nightmare is really past, that it's over,\" and expressing excitement at a future that was \"spreading more beautiful in front of our eyes.\" Mia described the jubilation with which VE Day (Victory in Europe) and VJ Day (Victory over Japan) were celebrated in New York, where \"all the people [were] happy and drunk and all the soldiers and sailors [were] out of their minds. All the girls got kissed, everybody had lipstick on their faces, thousands of tons of paper, which people had thrown out their windows.\"Underlying the joy of these letters, however, was a lingering sense of sadness and loss. Mia lamented the \"heavy, irreplaceable loss\" of her father, Paul Hasterlik, who died at Theresienstadt in 1944. While Giulia expressed nostalgia for the Vienna that she was forced to flee from at the beginning of the war, Mia instead stated, \"I have no yearning whatsoever for Vienna, could never return. Because of… all the crimes which they carried out with their 'Golden Viennese Hearts.'\" Much of the correspondence during this time also highlights the desperate search for missing family members and friends that took place after the war. Mia, in particular, made frantic attempts to find Boni, an old family friend who had stayed behind in Vienna with Paul, and Ellen Christansen, a childhood friend of Giulia's who was also forced to remain in Vienna. \nExcitement over Giulia Koritschoner's upcoming trip to the United States characterizes many of the post-war letters, as does joy about reconnecting with the family friends that the Hasterlik-Hine family had lost contact with during the war. However, the final portion of the collection contains numerous insights, offering a view into the difficulties that accompanied post-war life in Austria. Supplies were so scarce that \"people had to fetch water in buckets an hour away on foot after having stood in line for an hour\" and had to \"take long walks in the woods to find small pieces of wood to have a little bit of heat.\" Yet, perceptions of the former Axis powers varied dramatically. Mia felt pity for those living in these countries, expressing sadness that individuals were \"starving\" in Vienna while those in the United States were \"suffocating in superabundance.\" Others, however, only expressed contempt for the former Axis powers, even stating that they did not see the point of sending rations and supplies to \"enemies who should starve to death.\"The one consensus among all parties seemed to be the dramatic nature of the occupation of Austria by Allied forces after the war, which was so severe that it seemed as if \"all the nations have sent their soldiers to Vienna.\" However, even in Vienna, life would, eventually, return to normal. \nIn a letter from March of 1946, Boni celebrated the future of Vienna, writing, \"Surely the people will tell you… about Vienna. About ruins and hunger, about cold rooms and deserted streets, about demoralization and despair. All that is also true here. But alongside that are also attractive things. People who want to live well, who certainly feel themselves to be unfortunate, but who are interested in the tragedies and little jokes of the greater evolution of things…\" Reflecting the tenacity, resilience, and hope for the future that characterizes the Hasterlik-Hine collection, Boni's letter exemplifies the sentiments upon which many of the survivors of World War II ultimately constructed their futures. Giulia's letters to childhood friends such as Ellen Christansen and Lisl Urbantschitsch transformed from letters filled with cartoons that complained about teachers to letters that reflected exciting plans for the future. While Giulia discussed her upcoming trip to the United States, Lisl shared her plans to emigrate to California and live with her father. Developing an increased sense of independence throughout the post-war years, Lisl would employ her artistic talent in order to secure a lucrative job making puppets. By 1947, Lisl was living in Paris and enjoying her independence. Giulia's life was, ultimately, one of joy and success as well. On April 21, 1946, she sailed from Paris, France to New York City, finally reuniting with her mother, Mia Hasterlik, from whom she had been separated for eight years. By 1948, Giulia had married Gerald Hine and was pregnant with their first child. Giulia would return to Vienna for a few years with her husband before living out the rest of her life in the United States. She passed away on June 16, 2015, at the age of 90.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll","The Hasterlik-Hine collection consists personal correspondence between Giulia Kortischoner (married name Hine) and her family and friends. The personal correspondence consists of letters, postcards, get-well-soon cards, greeting cards, and a small number of travel documents. The collection contains discussions about the Holocaust, life as a Jewish refugee, and the progress of the war and life afterwards.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Christansen","Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul","English German"],"unitid_tesim":["98.0729","/repositories/10/resources/110"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"collection_title_tesim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"collection_ssim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Christansen","Hasterlik, Paul"],"creator_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Christansen","Hasterlik, Paul"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Christansen"],"creators_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul","Christansen"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. 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collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Giulia M. Kortischoner (married Hine) was born in Vienna, Austria on September 30, 1925 and passed away on June 16, 2015 in Boulder, Colorado.  \nOnly thirteen years old when World War II began, Giulia Koritschoner came of age in a time of uncertainty and chaos. Despite the context in which Giulia grew up, however, the letters of the Hasterlik-Hine collection demonstrate the fact that, for those on the home front, daily life often continued on as normal. Indeed, Giulia's correspondence throughout 1942 regularly includes cheerful greeting cards for holidays that are decorated with personalized drawings and beautiful calligraphy. These letters were sent from not only family members but also a vast array of friends and acquaintances that Giulia made throughout the war years. Giulia's letters to and from schoolmates portray scenes of growing up that remained largely unchanged even in times of war. This is particularly evident in Giulia's letters to and from Margaret Wolf, a friend from Schaffhausen who evolved from sending letters complaining about disliked teachers and unbearably boring school lessons to letters that explained her fears about graduating from school and having to enter the workforce. Giulia's own letters mirror this development, as she wrote to her family contemplating a variety of jobs, from a lab technician to a stenographer to a masseuse. Even in the midst of the war, the possibilities for the future seemed endless. \nYet, elements of the war do seep into many of the letters. Discussions of rationing figure prominently in much of Giulia's correspondence, as Ällägg Bechtold, a school friend from Schaffhausen, described how school was let out early in the spring because of a shortage of coal to keep students warm. Margaret Wolf complained that bakeries purposely sold old bread because it was thought that individuals would consume it more slowly than fresh bread. Even the letter that Giulia's school principal sent to her was written not on regular paper but rather on postcards that students were encouraged to fill with holiday greetings and send to soldiers in order to boost their morale. Many of Giulia's letters to and from her family during this time contain anxiety about Giulia's grandfather, Paul Hasterlik, who remained behind in Vienna while the rest of the family escaped. Although attempts were made to organize his passage to the United States, these efforts ultimately proved unsuccessful, and the letters reflect concerns about everything from whether Paul was able to find food to whether he was, in fact, actively being \"tormented.\" Although letters from Paul contained joy about Giulia's recovery from polio and excitement about her prospects for the future, he remained vague in descriptions of his own life, only briefly mentioning that he was forced to move to another apartment in Vienna. \nOther members of Giulia's family struggled during this time as well. Mia Hasterlik's letters outline her difficulties finding suitable employment in New York while living in unpleasant conditions. Perhaps most dramatically, Susi Weiss, Giulia's older sister who moved to Nairobi at the beginning of the war, describes the emotional and physical abuse to which her husband subjected her to and her overwhelming happiness at finally being free of him. This vast array of voices and subject matter reflected in the Hasterlik-Hine collection depict a strange intersection between war and daily life that occurred for those living on the home front during World War II. Ultimately, the collection offers an invaluable glimpse of what it means to come of age in a time of war, highlighting the fears, delights, and amusements that punctuated daily life. \nAs World War II came to an end in 1945, individuals across the globe celebrated the cessation of one of the deadliest conflicts in human history. Yet, for many people, the end of the war did not necessarily mean a return to normal life. The letters of the Hasterlik-Hine Collection provide a nuanced first-hand account of the tumultuous period following the end of the war, chronicling the story of a family that had to cope with not only the loss of family members and friends but also, perhaps most significantly, the loss of a homeland. Letters from Mia Hasterlik to her daughter, Giulia Koritschoner, highlight the joy with which the end of the war was received in the United States, expressing disbelief at the fact that \"this nightmare is really past, that it's over,\" and expressing excitement at a future that was \"spreading more beautiful in front of our eyes.\" Mia described the jubilation with which VE Day (Victory in Europe) and VJ Day (Victory over Japan) were celebrated in New York, where \"all the people [were] happy and drunk and all the soldiers and sailors [were] out of their minds. All the girls got kissed, everybody had lipstick on their faces, thousands of tons of paper, which people had thrown out their windows.\"Underlying the joy of these letters, however, was a lingering sense of sadness and loss. Mia lamented the \"heavy, irreplaceable loss\" of her father, Paul Hasterlik, who died at Theresienstadt in 1944. While Giulia expressed nostalgia for the Vienna that she was forced to flee from at the beginning of the war, Mia instead stated, \"I have no yearning whatsoever for Vienna, could never return. Because of… all the crimes which they carried out with their 'Golden Viennese Hearts.'\" Much of the correspondence during this time also highlights the desperate search for missing family members and friends that took place after the war. Mia, in particular, made frantic attempts to find Boni, an old family friend who had stayed behind in Vienna with Paul, and Ellen Christansen, a childhood friend of Giulia's who was also forced to remain in Vienna. \nExcitement over Giulia Koritschoner's upcoming trip to the United States characterizes many of the post-war letters, as does joy about reconnecting with the family friends that the Hasterlik-Hine family had lost contact with during the war. However, the final portion of the collection contains numerous insights, offering a view into the difficulties that accompanied post-war life in Austria. Supplies were so scarce that \"people had to fetch water in buckets an hour away on foot after having stood in line for an hour\" and had to \"take long walks in the woods to find small pieces of wood to have a little bit of heat.\" Yet, perceptions of the former Axis powers varied dramatically. Mia felt pity for those living in these countries, expressing sadness that individuals were \"starving\" in Vienna while those in the United States were \"suffocating in superabundance.\" Others, however, only expressed contempt for the former Axis powers, even stating that they did not see the point of sending rations and supplies to \"enemies who should starve to death.\"The one consensus among all parties seemed to be the dramatic nature of the occupation of Austria by Allied forces after the war, which was so severe that it seemed as if \"all the nations have sent their soldiers to Vienna.\" However, even in Vienna, life would, eventually, return to normal. \nIn a letter from March of 1946, Boni celebrated the future of Vienna, writing, \"Surely the people will tell you… about Vienna. About ruins and hunger, about cold rooms and deserted streets, about demoralization and despair. All that is also true here. But alongside that are also attractive things. People who want to live well, who certainly feel themselves to be unfortunate, but who are interested in the tragedies and little jokes of the greater evolution of things…\" Reflecting the tenacity, resilience, and hope for the future that characterizes the Hasterlik-Hine collection, Boni's letter exemplifies the sentiments upon which many of the survivors of World War II ultimately constructed their futures. Giulia's letters to childhood friends such as Ellen Christansen and Lisl Urbantschitsch transformed from letters filled with cartoons that complained about teachers to letters that reflected exciting plans for the future. While Giulia discussed her upcoming trip to the United States, Lisl shared her plans to emigrate to California and live with her father. Developing an increased sense of independence throughout the post-war years, Lisl would employ her artistic talent in order to secure a lucrative job making puppets. By 1947, Lisl was living in Paris and enjoying her independence. Giulia's life was, ultimately, one of joy and success as well. On April 21, 1946, she sailed from Paris, France to New York City, finally reuniting with her mother, Mia Hasterlik, from whom she had been separated for eight years. By 1948, Giulia had married Gerald Hine and was pregnant with their first child. Giulia would return to Vienna for a few years with her husband before living out the rest of her life in the United States. She passed away on June 16, 2015, at the age of 90."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Hasterlik-Hine collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0729\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0729\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Hasterlik-Hine collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0729 ."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Link to selected digitized materials from this collection."],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hasterlik-Hine collection consists personal correspondence between Giulia Kortischoner (married name Hine) and her family and friends. The personal correspondence consists of letters, postcards, get-well-soon cards, greeting cards, and a small number of travel documents. The collection contains discussions about the Holocaust, life as a Jewish refugee, and the progress of the war and life afterwards.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Hasterlik-Hine collection consists personal correspondence between Giulia Kortischoner (married name Hine) and her family and friends. The personal correspondence consists of letters, postcards, get-well-soon cards, greeting cards, and a small number of travel documents. The collection contains discussions about the Holocaust, life as a Jewish refugee, and the progress of the war and life afterwards."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Christansen","Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Christansen","Hasterlik, Paul"],"famname_ssim":["Christansen"],"persname_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul"],"language_ssim":["English German"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":169,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:46:35.829Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGiulia M. Kortischoner (married Hine) was born in Vienna, Austria on September 30, 1925 and passed away on June 16, 2015 in Boulder, Colorado. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nOnly thirteen years old when World War II began, Giulia Koritschoner came of age in a time of uncertainty and chaos. Despite the context in which Giulia grew up, however, the letters of the Hasterlik-Hine collection demonstrate the fact that, for those on the home front, daily life often continued on as normal. Indeed, Giulia's correspondence throughout 1942 regularly includes cheerful greeting cards for holidays that are decorated with personalized drawings and beautiful calligraphy. These letters were sent from not only family members but also a vast array of friends and acquaintances that Giulia made throughout the war years. Giulia's letters to and from schoolmates portray scenes of growing up that remained largely unchanged even in times of war. This is particularly evident in Giulia's letters to and from Margaret Wolf, a friend from Schaffhausen who evolved from sending letters complaining about disliked teachers and unbearably boring school lessons to letters that explained her fears about graduating from school and having to enter the workforce. Giulia's own letters mirror this development, as she wrote to her family contemplating a variety of jobs, from a lab technician to a stenographer to a masseuse. Even in the midst of the war, the possibilities for the future seemed endless.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nYet, elements of the war do seep into many of the letters. Discussions of rationing figure prominently in much of Giulia's correspondence, as \u0026#xC4;ll\u0026#xE4;gg Bechtold, a school friend from Schaffhausen, described how school was let out early in the spring because of a shortage of coal to keep students warm. Margaret Wolf complained that bakeries purposely sold old bread because it was thought that individuals would consume it more slowly than fresh bread. Even the letter that Giulia's school principal sent to her was written not on regular paper but rather on postcards that students were encouraged to fill with holiday greetings and send to soldiers in order to boost their morale. Many of Giulia's letters to and from her family during this time contain anxiety about Giulia's grandfather, Paul Hasterlik, who remained behind in Vienna while the rest of the family escaped. Although attempts were made to organize his passage to the United States, these efforts ultimately proved unsuccessful, and the letters reflect concerns about everything from whether Paul was able to find food to whether he was, in fact, actively being \"tormented.\" Although letters from Paul contained joy about Giulia's recovery from polio and excitement about her prospects for the future, he remained vague in descriptions of his own life, only briefly mentioning that he was forced to move to another apartment in Vienna.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nOther members of Giulia's family struggled during this time as well. Mia Hasterlik's letters outline her difficulties finding suitable employment in New York while living in unpleasant conditions. Perhaps most dramatically, Susi Weiss, Giulia's older sister who moved to Nairobi at the beginning of the war, describes the emotional and physical abuse to which her husband subjected her to and her overwhelming happiness at finally being free of him. This vast array of voices and subject matter reflected in the Hasterlik-Hine collection depict a strange intersection between war and daily life that occurred for those living on the home front during World War II. Ultimately, the collection offers an invaluable glimpse of what it means to come of age in a time of war, highlighting the fears, delights, and amusements that punctuated daily life.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAs World War II came to an end in 1945, individuals across the globe celebrated the cessation of one of the deadliest conflicts in human history. Yet, for many people, the end of the war did not necessarily mean a return to normal life. The letters of the Hasterlik-Hine Collection provide a nuanced first-hand account of the tumultuous period following the end of the war, chronicling the story of a family that had to cope with not only the loss of family members and friends but also, perhaps most significantly, the loss of a homeland. Letters from Mia Hasterlik to her daughter, Giulia Koritschoner, highlight the joy with which the end of the war was received in the United States, expressing disbelief at the fact that \"this nightmare is really past, that it's over,\" and expressing excitement at a future that was \"spreading more beautiful in front of our eyes.\" Mia described the jubilation with which VE Day (Victory in Europe) and VJ Day (Victory over Japan) were celebrated in New York, where \"all the people [were] happy and drunk and all the soldiers and sailors [were] out of their minds. All the girls got kissed, everybody had lipstick on their faces, thousands of tons of paper, which people had thrown out their windows.\"Underlying the joy of these letters, however, was a lingering sense of sadness and loss. Mia lamented the \"heavy, irreplaceable loss\" of her father, Paul Hasterlik, who died at Theresienstadt in 1944. While Giulia expressed nostalgia for the Vienna that she was forced to flee from at the beginning of the war, Mia instead stated, \"I have no yearning whatsoever for Vienna, could never return. Because of\u0026#x2026; all the crimes which they carried out with their 'Golden Viennese Hearts.'\" Much of the correspondence during this time also highlights the desperate search for missing family members and friends that took place after the war. Mia, in particular, made frantic attempts to find Boni, an old family friend who had stayed behind in Vienna with Paul, and Ellen Christansen, a childhood friend of Giulia's who was also forced to remain in Vienna.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nExcitement over Giulia Koritschoner's upcoming trip to the United States characterizes many of the post-war letters, as does joy about reconnecting with the family friends that the Hasterlik-Hine family had lost contact with during the war. However, the final portion of the collection contains numerous insights, offering a view into the difficulties that accompanied post-war life in Austria. Supplies were so scarce that \"people had to fetch water in buckets an hour away on foot after having stood in line for an hour\" and had to \"take long walks in the woods to find small pieces of wood to have a little bit of heat.\" Yet, perceptions of the former Axis powers varied dramatically. Mia felt pity for those living in these countries, expressing sadness that individuals were \"starving\" in Vienna while those in the United States were \"suffocating in superabundance.\" Others, however, only expressed contempt for the former Axis powers, even stating that they did not see the point of sending rations and supplies to \"enemies who should starve to death.\"The one consensus among all parties seemed to be the dramatic nature of the occupation of Austria by Allied forces after the war, which was so severe that it seemed as if \"all the nations have sent their soldiers to Vienna.\" However, even in Vienna, life would, eventually, return to normal.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn a letter from March of 1946, Boni celebrated the future of Vienna, writing, \"Surely the people will tell you\u0026#x2026; about Vienna. About ruins and hunger, about cold rooms and deserted streets, about demoralization and despair. All that is also true here. But alongside that are also attractive things. People who want to live well, who certainly feel themselves to be unfortunate, but who are interested in the tragedies and little jokes of the greater evolution of things\u0026#x2026;\" Reflecting the tenacity, resilience, and hope for the future that characterizes the Hasterlik-Hine collection, Boni's letter exemplifies the sentiments upon which many of the survivors of World War II ultimately constructed their futures. Giulia's letters to childhood friends such as Ellen Christansen and Lisl Urbantschitsch transformed from letters filled with cartoons that complained about teachers to letters that reflected exciting plans for the future. While Giulia discussed her upcoming trip to the United States, Lisl shared her plans to emigrate to California and live with her father. Developing an increased sense of independence throughout the post-war years, Lisl would employ her artistic talent in order to secure a lucrative job making puppets. By 1947, Lisl was living in Paris and enjoying her independence. Giulia's life was, ultimately, one of joy and success as well. On April 21, 1946, she sailed from Paris, France to New York City, finally reuniting with her mother, Mia Hasterlik, from whom she had been separated for eight years. By 1948, Giulia had married Gerald Hine and was pregnant with their first child. Giulia would return to Vienna for a few years with her husband before living out the rest of her life in the United States. She passed away on June 16, 2015, at the age of 90.\u003c/p\u003e"],"collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","title_filing_ssi":"Hasterlik-Hine collection","title_ssm":["Hasterlik-Hine collection"],"title_tesim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection"],"ead_ssi":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","unitdate_ssm":["1700-2000","Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1700-2000"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["98.0729","/repositories/10/resources/110"],"text":["98.0729","/repositories/10/resources/110","Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04","World War, 1939-1945","Jewish refugees--Germany--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--United States","World War, 1939-1945--Africa","World War, 1939-1945--Japan","World War, 1939-1945--Children","World War, 1939-1945--Censorship","World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--United States","United States--Race relations--History--20th century","Protestantism--20th century","Emigration and immigration","United States--Emigration and immigration--History--20th century","Formulas, recipes, etc.","New York World's Fair (1939-1940 : New York, N.Y.)","Burgtheater (Vienna, Austria)","Get-well cards","Children's drawings","Save the Children International Union","Poliomyelitis","Catholicism","Women--Employment--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Western Front","Nuns","Obstetrics","Child rearing in literature","Women--Employment--United States--History--20th century","Rationing","Diphtheria","V-J Day, 1945","Atomic bomb--History--20th century","Naturalization--United States","V-E Day, 1945","Theresienstadt (Concentration camp)","Switzerland--Social life and customs","Austria--History--Allied occupation, 1945-1955","United States--Social life and customs--1945-1970","Concentration Camps","World War, 1939-1945--Underground movements--Greece","Gurs (Concentration camp)","Education--Austria","Europe--Social conditions--20th century","United States--Social conditions--20th century","Africa--Race relations","Nuremberg War Crime Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, 1946-1949","Antisemitism","Infatuation","Kinderhilfswerk","Jews--Austria--Vienna--History","Scarcity","Gynecology","Personal correspondence","Postcards.","This collection is open to all researchers.","Giulia M. Kortischoner (married Hine) was born in Vienna, Austria on September 30, 1925 and passed away on June 16, 2015 in Boulder, Colorado.  \nOnly thirteen years old when World War II began, Giulia Koritschoner came of age in a time of uncertainty and chaos. Despite the context in which Giulia grew up, however, the letters of the Hasterlik-Hine collection demonstrate the fact that, for those on the home front, daily life often continued on as normal. Indeed, Giulia's correspondence throughout 1942 regularly includes cheerful greeting cards for holidays that are decorated with personalized drawings and beautiful calligraphy. These letters were sent from not only family members but also a vast array of friends and acquaintances that Giulia made throughout the war years. Giulia's letters to and from schoolmates portray scenes of growing up that remained largely unchanged even in times of war. This is particularly evident in Giulia's letters to and from Margaret Wolf, a friend from Schaffhausen who evolved from sending letters complaining about disliked teachers and unbearably boring school lessons to letters that explained her fears about graduating from school and having to enter the workforce. Giulia's own letters mirror this development, as she wrote to her family contemplating a variety of jobs, from a lab technician to a stenographer to a masseuse. Even in the midst of the war, the possibilities for the future seemed endless. \nYet, elements of the war do seep into many of the letters. Discussions of rationing figure prominently in much of Giulia's correspondence, as Ällägg Bechtold, a school friend from Schaffhausen, described how school was let out early in the spring because of a shortage of coal to keep students warm. Margaret Wolf complained that bakeries purposely sold old bread because it was thought that individuals would consume it more slowly than fresh bread. Even the letter that Giulia's school principal sent to her was written not on regular paper but rather on postcards that students were encouraged to fill with holiday greetings and send to soldiers in order to boost their morale. Many of Giulia's letters to and from her family during this time contain anxiety about Giulia's grandfather, Paul Hasterlik, who remained behind in Vienna while the rest of the family escaped. Although attempts were made to organize his passage to the United States, these efforts ultimately proved unsuccessful, and the letters reflect concerns about everything from whether Paul was able to find food to whether he was, in fact, actively being \"tormented.\" Although letters from Paul contained joy about Giulia's recovery from polio and excitement about her prospects for the future, he remained vague in descriptions of his own life, only briefly mentioning that he was forced to move to another apartment in Vienna. \nOther members of Giulia's family struggled during this time as well. Mia Hasterlik's letters outline her difficulties finding suitable employment in New York while living in unpleasant conditions. Perhaps most dramatically, Susi Weiss, Giulia's older sister who moved to Nairobi at the beginning of the war, describes the emotional and physical abuse to which her husband subjected her to and her overwhelming happiness at finally being free of him. This vast array of voices and subject matter reflected in the Hasterlik-Hine collection depict a strange intersection between war and daily life that occurred for those living on the home front during World War II. Ultimately, the collection offers an invaluable glimpse of what it means to come of age in a time of war, highlighting the fears, delights, and amusements that punctuated daily life. \nAs World War II came to an end in 1945, individuals across the globe celebrated the cessation of one of the deadliest conflicts in human history. Yet, for many people, the end of the war did not necessarily mean a return to normal life. The letters of the Hasterlik-Hine Collection provide a nuanced first-hand account of the tumultuous period following the end of the war, chronicling the story of a family that had to cope with not only the loss of family members and friends but also, perhaps most significantly, the loss of a homeland. Letters from Mia Hasterlik to her daughter, Giulia Koritschoner, highlight the joy with which the end of the war was received in the United States, expressing disbelief at the fact that \"this nightmare is really past, that it's over,\" and expressing excitement at a future that was \"spreading more beautiful in front of our eyes.\" Mia described the jubilation with which VE Day (Victory in Europe) and VJ Day (Victory over Japan) were celebrated in New York, where \"all the people [were] happy and drunk and all the soldiers and sailors [were] out of their minds. All the girls got kissed, everybody had lipstick on their faces, thousands of tons of paper, which people had thrown out their windows.\"Underlying the joy of these letters, however, was a lingering sense of sadness and loss. Mia lamented the \"heavy, irreplaceable loss\" of her father, Paul Hasterlik, who died at Theresienstadt in 1944. While Giulia expressed nostalgia for the Vienna that she was forced to flee from at the beginning of the war, Mia instead stated, \"I have no yearning whatsoever for Vienna, could never return. Because of… all the crimes which they carried out with their 'Golden Viennese Hearts.'\" Much of the correspondence during this time also highlights the desperate search for missing family members and friends that took place after the war. Mia, in particular, made frantic attempts to find Boni, an old family friend who had stayed behind in Vienna with Paul, and Ellen Christansen, a childhood friend of Giulia's who was also forced to remain in Vienna. \nExcitement over Giulia Koritschoner's upcoming trip to the United States characterizes many of the post-war letters, as does joy about reconnecting with the family friends that the Hasterlik-Hine family had lost contact with during the war. However, the final portion of the collection contains numerous insights, offering a view into the difficulties that accompanied post-war life in Austria. Supplies were so scarce that \"people had to fetch water in buckets an hour away on foot after having stood in line for an hour\" and had to \"take long walks in the woods to find small pieces of wood to have a little bit of heat.\" Yet, perceptions of the former Axis powers varied dramatically. Mia felt pity for those living in these countries, expressing sadness that individuals were \"starving\" in Vienna while those in the United States were \"suffocating in superabundance.\" Others, however, only expressed contempt for the former Axis powers, even stating that they did not see the point of sending rations and supplies to \"enemies who should starve to death.\"The one consensus among all parties seemed to be the dramatic nature of the occupation of Austria by Allied forces after the war, which was so severe that it seemed as if \"all the nations have sent their soldiers to Vienna.\" However, even in Vienna, life would, eventually, return to normal. \nIn a letter from March of 1946, Boni celebrated the future of Vienna, writing, \"Surely the people will tell you… about Vienna. About ruins and hunger, about cold rooms and deserted streets, about demoralization and despair. All that is also true here. But alongside that are also attractive things. People who want to live well, who certainly feel themselves to be unfortunate, but who are interested in the tragedies and little jokes of the greater evolution of things…\" Reflecting the tenacity, resilience, and hope for the future that characterizes the Hasterlik-Hine collection, Boni's letter exemplifies the sentiments upon which many of the survivors of World War II ultimately constructed their futures. Giulia's letters to childhood friends such as Ellen Christansen and Lisl Urbantschitsch transformed from letters filled with cartoons that complained about teachers to letters that reflected exciting plans for the future. While Giulia discussed her upcoming trip to the United States, Lisl shared her plans to emigrate to California and live with her father. Developing an increased sense of independence throughout the post-war years, Lisl would employ her artistic talent in order to secure a lucrative job making puppets. By 1947, Lisl was living in Paris and enjoying her independence. Giulia's life was, ultimately, one of joy and success as well. On April 21, 1946, she sailed from Paris, France to New York City, finally reuniting with her mother, Mia Hasterlik, from whom she had been separated for eight years. By 1948, Giulia had married Gerald Hine and was pregnant with their first child. Giulia would return to Vienna for a few years with her husband before living out the rest of her life in the United States. She passed away on June 16, 2015, at the age of 90.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll","The Hasterlik-Hine collection consists personal correspondence between Giulia Kortischoner (married name Hine) and her family and friends. The personal correspondence consists of letters, postcards, get-well-soon cards, greeting cards, and a small number of travel documents. The collection contains discussions about the Holocaust, life as a Jewish refugee, and the progress of the war and life afterwards.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Christansen","Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul","English German"],"unitid_tesim":["98.0729","/repositories/10/resources/110"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"collection_title_tesim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"collection_ssim":["Hasterlik-Hine collection, 1700-2000, Date accessioned: 2019-12-04"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Christansen","Hasterlik, Paul"],"creator_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Christansen","Hasterlik, Paul"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Christansen"],"creators_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul","Christansen"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945","Jewish refugees--Germany--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--United States","World War, 1939-1945--Africa","World War, 1939-1945--Japan","World War, 1939-1945--Children","World War, 1939-1945--Censorship","World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--United States","United States--Race relations--History--20th century","Protestantism--20th century","Emigration and immigration","United States--Emigration and immigration--History--20th century","Formulas, recipes, etc.","New York World's Fair (1939-1940 : New York, N.Y.)","Burgtheater (Vienna, Austria)","Get-well cards","Children's drawings","Save the Children International Union","Poliomyelitis","Catholicism","Women--Employment--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Western Front","Nuns","Obstetrics","Child rearing in literature","Women--Employment--United States--History--20th century","Rationing","Diphtheria","V-J Day, 1945","Atomic bomb--History--20th century","Naturalization--United States","V-E Day, 1945","Theresienstadt (Concentration camp)","Switzerland--Social life and customs","Austria--History--Allied occupation, 1945-1955","United States--Social life and customs--1945-1970","Concentration Camps","World War, 1939-1945--Underground movements--Greece","Gurs (Concentration camp)","Education--Austria","Europe--Social conditions--20th century","United States--Social conditions--20th century","Africa--Race relations","Nuremberg War Crime Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, 1946-1949","Antisemitism","Infatuation","Kinderhilfswerk","Jews--Austria--Vienna--History","Scarcity","Gynecology","Personal correspondence","Postcards."],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945","Jewish refugees--Germany--History--20th century","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","World War, 1939-1945--England","World War, 1939-1945--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--United States","World War, 1939-1945--Africa","World War, 1939-1945--Japan","World War, 1939-1945--Children","World War, 1939-1945--Censorship","World War, 1939-1945--Social aspects--United States","United States--Race relations--History--20th century","Protestantism--20th century","Emigration and immigration","United States--Emigration and immigration--History--20th century","Formulas, recipes, etc.","New York World's Fair (1939-1940 : New York, N.Y.)","Burgtheater (Vienna, Austria)","Get-well cards","Children's drawings","Save the Children International Union","Poliomyelitis","Catholicism","Women--Employment--Switzerland","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Western Front","Nuns","Obstetrics","Child rearing in literature","Women--Employment--United States--History--20th century","Rationing","Diphtheria","V-J Day, 1945","Atomic bomb--History--20th century","Naturalization--United States","V-E Day, 1945","Theresienstadt (Concentration camp)","Switzerland--Social life and customs","Austria--History--Allied occupation, 1945-1955","United States--Social life and customs--1945-1970","Concentration Camps","World War, 1939-1945--Underground movements--Greece","Gurs (Concentration camp)","Education--Austria","Europe--Social conditions--20th century","United States--Social conditions--20th century","Africa--Race relations","Nuremberg War Crime Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, 1946-1949","Antisemitism","Infatuation","Kinderhilfswerk","Jews--Austria--Vienna--History","Scarcity","Gynecology","Personal correspondence","Postcards."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.5 Linear Feet 18 boxes, 13 1LF boxes and 5 .5LF boxes"],"extent_tesim":["15.5 Linear Feet 18 boxes, 13 1LF boxes and 5 .5LF boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Personal correspondence","Postcards."],"date_range_isim":[1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Giulia M. Kortischoner (married Hine) was born in Vienna, Austria on September 30, 1925 and passed away on June 16, 2015 in Boulder, Colorado.  \nOnly thirteen years old when World War II began, Giulia Koritschoner came of age in a time of uncertainty and chaos. Despite the context in which Giulia grew up, however, the letters of the Hasterlik-Hine collection demonstrate the fact that, for those on the home front, daily life often continued on as normal. Indeed, Giulia's correspondence throughout 1942 regularly includes cheerful greeting cards for holidays that are decorated with personalized drawings and beautiful calligraphy. These letters were sent from not only family members but also a vast array of friends and acquaintances that Giulia made throughout the war years. Giulia's letters to and from schoolmates portray scenes of growing up that remained largely unchanged even in times of war. This is particularly evident in Giulia's letters to and from Margaret Wolf, a friend from Schaffhausen who evolved from sending letters complaining about disliked teachers and unbearably boring school lessons to letters that explained her fears about graduating from school and having to enter the workforce. Giulia's own letters mirror this development, as she wrote to her family contemplating a variety of jobs, from a lab technician to a stenographer to a masseuse. Even in the midst of the war, the possibilities for the future seemed endless. \nYet, elements of the war do seep into many of the letters. Discussions of rationing figure prominently in much of Giulia's correspondence, as Ällägg Bechtold, a school friend from Schaffhausen, described how school was let out early in the spring because of a shortage of coal to keep students warm. Margaret Wolf complained that bakeries purposely sold old bread because it was thought that individuals would consume it more slowly than fresh bread. Even the letter that Giulia's school principal sent to her was written not on regular paper but rather on postcards that students were encouraged to fill with holiday greetings and send to soldiers in order to boost their morale. Many of Giulia's letters to and from her family during this time contain anxiety about Giulia's grandfather, Paul Hasterlik, who remained behind in Vienna while the rest of the family escaped. Although attempts were made to organize his passage to the United States, these efforts ultimately proved unsuccessful, and the letters reflect concerns about everything from whether Paul was able to find food to whether he was, in fact, actively being \"tormented.\" Although letters from Paul contained joy about Giulia's recovery from polio and excitement about her prospects for the future, he remained vague in descriptions of his own life, only briefly mentioning that he was forced to move to another apartment in Vienna. \nOther members of Giulia's family struggled during this time as well. Mia Hasterlik's letters outline her difficulties finding suitable employment in New York while living in unpleasant conditions. Perhaps most dramatically, Susi Weiss, Giulia's older sister who moved to Nairobi at the beginning of the war, describes the emotional and physical abuse to which her husband subjected her to and her overwhelming happiness at finally being free of him. This vast array of voices and subject matter reflected in the Hasterlik-Hine collection depict a strange intersection between war and daily life that occurred for those living on the home front during World War II. Ultimately, the collection offers an invaluable glimpse of what it means to come of age in a time of war, highlighting the fears, delights, and amusements that punctuated daily life. \nAs World War II came to an end in 1945, individuals across the globe celebrated the cessation of one of the deadliest conflicts in human history. Yet, for many people, the end of the war did not necessarily mean a return to normal life. The letters of the Hasterlik-Hine Collection provide a nuanced first-hand account of the tumultuous period following the end of the war, chronicling the story of a family that had to cope with not only the loss of family members and friends but also, perhaps most significantly, the loss of a homeland. Letters from Mia Hasterlik to her daughter, Giulia Koritschoner, highlight the joy with which the end of the war was received in the United States, expressing disbelief at the fact that \"this nightmare is really past, that it's over,\" and expressing excitement at a future that was \"spreading more beautiful in front of our eyes.\" Mia described the jubilation with which VE Day (Victory in Europe) and VJ Day (Victory over Japan) were celebrated in New York, where \"all the people [were] happy and drunk and all the soldiers and sailors [were] out of their minds. All the girls got kissed, everybody had lipstick on their faces, thousands of tons of paper, which people had thrown out their windows.\"Underlying the joy of these letters, however, was a lingering sense of sadness and loss. Mia lamented the \"heavy, irreplaceable loss\" of her father, Paul Hasterlik, who died at Theresienstadt in 1944. While Giulia expressed nostalgia for the Vienna that she was forced to flee from at the beginning of the war, Mia instead stated, \"I have no yearning whatsoever for Vienna, could never return. Because of… all the crimes which they carried out with their 'Golden Viennese Hearts.'\" Much of the correspondence during this time also highlights the desperate search for missing family members and friends that took place after the war. Mia, in particular, made frantic attempts to find Boni, an old family friend who had stayed behind in Vienna with Paul, and Ellen Christansen, a childhood friend of Giulia's who was also forced to remain in Vienna. \nExcitement over Giulia Koritschoner's upcoming trip to the United States characterizes many of the post-war letters, as does joy about reconnecting with the family friends that the Hasterlik-Hine family had lost contact with during the war. However, the final portion of the collection contains numerous insights, offering a view into the difficulties that accompanied post-war life in Austria. Supplies were so scarce that \"people had to fetch water in buckets an hour away on foot after having stood in line for an hour\" and had to \"take long walks in the woods to find small pieces of wood to have a little bit of heat.\" Yet, perceptions of the former Axis powers varied dramatically. Mia felt pity for those living in these countries, expressing sadness that individuals were \"starving\" in Vienna while those in the United States were \"suffocating in superabundance.\" Others, however, only expressed contempt for the former Axis powers, even stating that they did not see the point of sending rations and supplies to \"enemies who should starve to death.\"The one consensus among all parties seemed to be the dramatic nature of the occupation of Austria by Allied forces after the war, which was so severe that it seemed as if \"all the nations have sent their soldiers to Vienna.\" However, even in Vienna, life would, eventually, return to normal. \nIn a letter from March of 1946, Boni celebrated the future of Vienna, writing, \"Surely the people will tell you… about Vienna. About ruins and hunger, about cold rooms and deserted streets, about demoralization and despair. All that is also true here. But alongside that are also attractive things. People who want to live well, who certainly feel themselves to be unfortunate, but who are interested in the tragedies and little jokes of the greater evolution of things…\" Reflecting the tenacity, resilience, and hope for the future that characterizes the Hasterlik-Hine collection, Boni's letter exemplifies the sentiments upon which many of the survivors of World War II ultimately constructed their futures. Giulia's letters to childhood friends such as Ellen Christansen and Lisl Urbantschitsch transformed from letters filled with cartoons that complained about teachers to letters that reflected exciting plans for the future. While Giulia discussed her upcoming trip to the United States, Lisl shared her plans to emigrate to California and live with her father. Developing an increased sense of independence throughout the post-war years, Lisl would employ her artistic talent in order to secure a lucrative job making puppets. By 1947, Lisl was living in Paris and enjoying her independence. Giulia's life was, ultimately, one of joy and success as well. On April 21, 1946, she sailed from Paris, France to New York City, finally reuniting with her mother, Mia Hasterlik, from whom she had been separated for eight years. By 1948, Giulia had married Gerald Hine and was pregnant with their first child. Giulia would return to Vienna for a few years with her husband before living out the rest of her life in the United States. She passed away on June 16, 2015, at the age of 90."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Hasterlik-Hine collection, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0729\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0729\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Hasterlik-Hine collection, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0729 ."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Link to selected digitized materials from this collection."],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["https://repository.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:wwiihasterlikhinecoll"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hasterlik-Hine collection consists personal correspondence between Giulia Kortischoner (married name Hine) and her family and friends. The personal correspondence consists of letters, postcards, get-well-soon cards, greeting cards, and a small number of travel documents. The collection contains discussions about the Holocaust, life as a Jewish refugee, and the progress of the war and life afterwards.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Hasterlik-Hine collection consists personal correspondence between Giulia Kortischoner (married name Hine) and her family and friends. The personal correspondence consists of letters, postcards, get-well-soon cards, greeting cards, and a small number of travel documents. The collection contains discussions about the Holocaust, life as a Jewish refugee, and the progress of the war and life afterwards."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher. rates."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Christansen","Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Christansen","Hasterlik, Paul"],"famname_ssim":["Christansen"],"persname_ssim":["Hine, Giulia, 1925-2015","Hasterlik, Paul"],"language_ssim":["English German"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":169,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:46:35.829Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGiulia M. Kortischoner (married Hine) was born in Vienna, Austria on September 30, 1925 and passed away on June 16, 2015 in Boulder, Colorado. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nOnly thirteen years old when World War II began, Giulia Koritschoner came of age in a time of uncertainty and chaos. Despite the context in which Giulia grew up, however, the letters of the Hasterlik-Hine collection demonstrate the fact that, for those on the home front, daily life often continued on as normal. Indeed, Giulia's correspondence throughout 1942 regularly includes cheerful greeting cards for holidays that are decorated with personalized drawings and beautiful calligraphy. These letters were sent from not only family members but also a vast array of friends and acquaintances that Giulia made throughout the war years. Giulia's letters to and from schoolmates portray scenes of growing up that remained largely unchanged even in times of war. This is particularly evident in Giulia's letters to and from Margaret Wolf, a friend from Schaffhausen who evolved from sending letters complaining about disliked teachers and unbearably boring school lessons to letters that explained her fears about graduating from school and having to enter the workforce. Giulia's own letters mirror this development, as she wrote to her family contemplating a variety of jobs, from a lab technician to a stenographer to a masseuse. Even in the midst of the war, the possibilities for the future seemed endless.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nYet, elements of the war do seep into many of the letters. Discussions of rationing figure prominently in much of Giulia's correspondence, as \u0026#xC4;ll\u0026#xE4;gg Bechtold, a school friend from Schaffhausen, described how school was let out early in the spring because of a shortage of coal to keep students warm. Margaret Wolf complained that bakeries purposely sold old bread because it was thought that individuals would consume it more slowly than fresh bread. Even the letter that Giulia's school principal sent to her was written not on regular paper but rather on postcards that students were encouraged to fill with holiday greetings and send to soldiers in order to boost their morale. Many of Giulia's letters to and from her family during this time contain anxiety about Giulia's grandfather, Paul Hasterlik, who remained behind in Vienna while the rest of the family escaped. Although attempts were made to organize his passage to the United States, these efforts ultimately proved unsuccessful, and the letters reflect concerns about everything from whether Paul was able to find food to whether he was, in fact, actively being \"tormented.\" Although letters from Paul contained joy about Giulia's recovery from polio and excitement about her prospects for the future, he remained vague in descriptions of his own life, only briefly mentioning that he was forced to move to another apartment in Vienna.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nOther members of Giulia's family struggled during this time as well. Mia Hasterlik's letters outline her difficulties finding suitable employment in New York while living in unpleasant conditions. Perhaps most dramatically, Susi Weiss, Giulia's older sister who moved to Nairobi at the beginning of the war, describes the emotional and physical abuse to which her husband subjected her to and her overwhelming happiness at finally being free of him. This vast array of voices and subject matter reflected in the Hasterlik-Hine collection depict a strange intersection between war and daily life that occurred for those living on the home front during World War II. Ultimately, the collection offers an invaluable glimpse of what it means to come of age in a time of war, highlighting the fears, delights, and amusements that punctuated daily life.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nAs World War II came to an end in 1945, individuals across the globe celebrated the cessation of one of the deadliest conflicts in human history. Yet, for many people, the end of the war did not necessarily mean a return to normal life. The letters of the Hasterlik-Hine Collection provide a nuanced first-hand account of the tumultuous period following the end of the war, chronicling the story of a family that had to cope with not only the loss of family members and friends but also, perhaps most significantly, the loss of a homeland. Letters from Mia Hasterlik to her daughter, Giulia Koritschoner, highlight the joy with which the end of the war was received in the United States, expressing disbelief at the fact that \"this nightmare is really past, that it's over,\" and expressing excitement at a future that was \"spreading more beautiful in front of our eyes.\" Mia described the jubilation with which VE Day (Victory in Europe) and VJ Day (Victory over Japan) were celebrated in New York, where \"all the people [were] happy and drunk and all the soldiers and sailors [were] out of their minds. All the girls got kissed, everybody had lipstick on their faces, thousands of tons of paper, which people had thrown out their windows.\"Underlying the joy of these letters, however, was a lingering sense of sadness and loss. Mia lamented the \"heavy, irreplaceable loss\" of her father, Paul Hasterlik, who died at Theresienstadt in 1944. While Giulia expressed nostalgia for the Vienna that she was forced to flee from at the beginning of the war, Mia instead stated, \"I have no yearning whatsoever for Vienna, could never return. Because of\u0026#x2026; all the crimes which they carried out with their 'Golden Viennese Hearts.'\" Much of the correspondence during this time also highlights the desperate search for missing family members and friends that took place after the war. Mia, in particular, made frantic attempts to find Boni, an old family friend who had stayed behind in Vienna with Paul, and Ellen Christansen, a childhood friend of Giulia's who was also forced to remain in Vienna.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nExcitement over Giulia Koritschoner's upcoming trip to the United States characterizes many of the post-war letters, as does joy about reconnecting with the family friends that the Hasterlik-Hine family had lost contact with during the war. However, the final portion of the collection contains numerous insights, offering a view into the difficulties that accompanied post-war life in Austria. Supplies were so scarce that \"people had to fetch water in buckets an hour away on foot after having stood in line for an hour\" and had to \"take long walks in the woods to find small pieces of wood to have a little bit of heat.\" Yet, perceptions of the former Axis powers varied dramatically. Mia felt pity for those living in these countries, expressing sadness that individuals were \"starving\" in Vienna while those in the United States were \"suffocating in superabundance.\" Others, however, only expressed contempt for the former Axis powers, even stating that they did not see the point of sending rations and supplies to \"enemies who should starve to death.\"The one consensus among all parties seemed to be the dramatic nature of the occupation of Austria by Allied forces after the war, which was so severe that it seemed as if \"all the nations have sent their soldiers to Vienna.\" However, even in Vienna, life would, eventually, return to normal.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nIn a letter from March of 1946, Boni celebrated the future of Vienna, writing, \"Surely the people will tell you\u0026#x2026; about Vienna. About ruins and hunger, about cold rooms and deserted streets, about demoralization and despair. All that is also true here. But alongside that are also attractive things. People who want to live well, who certainly feel themselves to be unfortunate, but who are interested in the tragedies and little jokes of the greater evolution of things\u0026#x2026;\" Reflecting the tenacity, resilience, and hope for the future that characterizes the Hasterlik-Hine collection, Boni's letter exemplifies the sentiments upon which many of the survivors of World War II ultimately constructed their futures. Giulia's letters to childhood friends such as Ellen Christansen and Lisl Urbantschitsch transformed from letters filled with cartoons that complained about teachers to letters that reflected exciting plans for the future. While Giulia discussed her upcoming trip to the United States, Lisl shared her plans to emigrate to California and live with her father. Developing an increased sense of independence throughout the post-war years, Lisl would employ her artistic talent in order to secure a lucrative job making puppets. By 1947, Lisl was living in Paris and enjoying her independence. Giulia's life was, ultimately, one of joy and success as well. On April 21, 1946, she sailed from Paris, France to New York City, finally reuniting with her mother, Mia Hasterlik, from whom she had been separated for eight years. By 1948, Giulia had married Gerald Hine and was pregnant with their first child. Giulia would return to Vienna for a few years with her husband before living out the rest of her life in the United States. She passed away on June 16, 2015, at the age of 90.\u003c/p\u003e"]}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8a73df5bac3fcd9650e65378"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Allen H. Crawford transcript, 1943-1945, June 5, 2000","value":"Allen H. Crawford transcript, 1943-1945, June 5, 2000","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=World+War%2C+1939-1945--England\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Allen+H.+Crawford+transcript%2C+1943-1945%2C+June+5%2C+2000"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Bill Huston collection, Date accessioned: 2006-05-04, bulk 1943-1945","value":"Bill Huston collection, Date accessioned: 2006-05-04, bulk 1943-1945","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=World+War%2C+1939-1945--England\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Bill+Huston+collection%2C+Date+accessioned%3A+2006-05-04%2C+bulk+1943-1945"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Clifford Brooks Shirley collection, 1943-1948, Date accessioned: 2019-10-14","value":"Clifford Brooks Shirley collection, 1943-1948, Date accessioned: 2019-10-14","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=World+War%2C+1939-1945--England\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Clifford+Brooks+Shirley+collection%2C+1943-1948%2C+Date+accessioned%3A+2019-10-14"}},{"attributes":{"label":"David E. Bail Jr. papers, 1938-1949, Date accessioned: 2012-06-14","value":"David E. Bail Jr. papers, 1938-1949, Date accessioned: 2012-06-14","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=World+War%2C+1939-1945--England\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=David+E.+Bail+Jr.+papers%2C+1938-1949%2C+Date+accessioned%3A+2012-06-14"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Dr. Donald R. Roberts collection, 1941-1945, 2008, Date accessioned: 2021-03-01","value":"Dr. Donald R. Roberts collection, 1941-1945, 2008, Date accessioned: 2021-03-01","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=World+War%2C+1939-1945--England\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Dr.+Donald+R.+Roberts+collection%2C+1941-1945%2C+2008%2C+Date+accessioned%3A+2021-03-01"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Edward J. Cavanary collection, 1943-2005, Date accessioned: 2005-02-17","value":"Edward J. 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