{"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=B-24+%28Bomber%29","next":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=B-24+%28Bomber%29\u0026page=2","last":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=B-24+%28Bomber%29\u0026page=3"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":3,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":21,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"5500fdde41498d66fc4946d1","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"460th Heavy Bombardment Group Society papers, 1943-2015, Date acquired: 02/07/2015","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5500fdde41498d66fc4946d1#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Bohnstedt, Duane"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5500fdde41498d66fc4946d1#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection of the 460th Heavy Bombardment Group Society contains a unit history of this B-24 U.S. Army Air Corps Group, 55th Wing, 760th, 761st, 762nd, 763rd Squadrons and Group Headquarters, which served in the Italian Campaign. 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They published a history of the 460th, along with editing and publishing a newsletter for the 460th Bomb Group Society.","Note written by Jordan Bolan","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","The collection of the 460th Heavy Bombardment Group Society contains a unit history of this B-24 U.S. Army Air Corps Group, 55th Wing, 760th, 761st, 762nd, 763rd Squadrons and Group Headquarters, which served in the Italian Campaign. This collection primarily focuses on the memory of the war and those who served in the 460th. Included is a listing of the airmen who were held as prisoners of war, including their squadrons, positions on the plane (e.g. pilot, gunner), the date, mission, and what country or stalag in which they were held. Also included is a booklet, \"Remembering the 460th Bomb Group (H),\" which contains photographs, personnel lists, and maps, and was prepared as a gift from Duane and Betty Bohnstedt to their members. There are mission lists, target details, flight records, and crew searches. The collection includes issues of the society's veterans' association magazine, \"Black Panther\" from mid-1990 to their final issue, December 2005.","Additionally, there are copies of diaries, personal files, memoirs, and wartime letters assembled and sent to Bohnstedt by various crew members. An oral history of Bohnstedt is included. Correspondence is included with members that gave to his collection, as well as his accounts of personal research and travel while assembling this collection.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","Claude Pepper Library","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Group (H), 460th","United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 15th","Germany. Luftwaffe","Great Britain. 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This collection primarily focuses on the memory of the war and those who served in the 460th. Included is a listing of the airmen who were held as prisoners of war, including their squadrons, positions on the plane (e.g. pilot, gunner), the date, mission, and what country or stalag in which they were held. Also included is a booklet, \"Remembering the 460th Bomb Group (H),\" which contains photographs, personnel lists, and maps, and was prepared as a gift from Duane and Betty Bohnstedt to their members. There are mission lists, target details, flight records, and crew searches. The collection includes issues of the society's veterans' association magazine, \"Black Panther\" from mid-1990 to their final issue, December 2005.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAdditionally, there are copies of diaries, personal files, memoirs, and wartime letters assembled and sent to Bohnstedt by various crew members. An oral history of Bohnstedt is included. 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They published a history of the 460th, along with editing and publishing a newsletter for the 460th Bomb Group Society.","Note written by Jordan Bolan","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","The collection of the 460th Heavy Bombardment Group Society contains a unit history of this B-24 U.S. Army Air Corps Group, 55th Wing, 760th, 761st, 762nd, 763rd Squadrons and Group Headquarters, which served in the Italian Campaign. This collection primarily focuses on the memory of the war and those who served in the 460th. Included is a listing of the airmen who were held as prisoners of war, including their squadrons, positions on the plane (e.g. pilot, gunner), the date, mission, and what country or stalag in which they were held. Also included is a booklet, \"Remembering the 460th Bomb Group (H),\" which contains photographs, personnel lists, and maps, and was prepared as a gift from Duane and Betty Bohnstedt to their members. There are mission lists, target details, flight records, and crew searches. The collection includes issues of the society's veterans' association magazine, \"Black Panther\" from mid-1990 to their final issue, December 2005.","Additionally, there are copies of diaries, personal files, memoirs, and wartime letters assembled and sent to Bohnstedt by various crew members. An oral history of Bohnstedt is included. Correspondence is included with members that gave to his collection, as well as his accounts of personal research and travel while assembling this collection.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. 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Duane (\"Sparky\") was part of the 460th, a B-24 group, which was part of the 55th Wing, Fifteenth Air Force, stationed in Spinazzola, Italy, from February 1943 until May 1945. Duane was 19 when he joined and served with ordnance.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDuane and Betty Bohnstedt combined their skills and experiences to thoroughly preserve the history of the 460th. Duane has a degree in Art and Betty was an experienced writer. Together they became historians and archivists of their own collection. They published a history of the 460th, along with editing and publishing a newsletter for the 460th Bomb Group Society.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Jordan Bolan\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The collection was assembled by Duane and Betty Bohnstedt, who conducted extensive research on the 460th Bombardment Group by contacting its members and traveling to original station sites. Duane (\"Sparky\") was part of the 460th, a B-24 group, which was part of the 55th Wing, Fifteenth Air Force, stationed in Spinazzola, Italy, from February 1943 until May 1945. Duane was 19 when he joined and served with ordnance.","Duane and Betty Bohnstedt combined their skills and experiences to thoroughly preserve the history of the 460th. Duane has a degree in Art and Betty was an experienced writer. Together they became historians and archivists of their own collection. They published a history of the 460th, along with editing and publishing a newsletter for the 460th Bomb Group Society.","Note written by Jordan Bolan"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], 460th Heavy Bombardment Group Society papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_01_0046\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_01_0046\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], 460th Heavy Bombardment Group Society papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_01_0046 ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection of the 460th Heavy Bombardment Group Society contains a unit history of this B-24 U.S. Army Air Corps Group, 55th Wing, 760th, 761st, 762nd, 763rd Squadrons and Group Headquarters, which served in the Italian Campaign. This collection primarily focuses on the memory of the war and those who served in the 460th. Included is a listing of the airmen who were held as prisoners of war, including their squadrons, positions on the plane (e.g. pilot, gunner), the date, mission, and what country or stalag in which they were held. Also included is a booklet, \"Remembering the 460th Bomb Group (H),\" which contains photographs, personnel lists, and maps, and was prepared as a gift from Duane and Betty Bohnstedt to their members. There are mission lists, target details, flight records, and crew searches. The collection includes issues of the society's veterans' association magazine, \"Black Panther\" from mid-1990 to their final issue, December 2005.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAdditionally, there are copies of diaries, personal files, memoirs, and wartime letters assembled and sent to Bohnstedt by various crew members. An oral history of Bohnstedt is included. Correspondence is included with members that gave to his collection, as well as his accounts of personal research and travel while assembling this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection of the 460th Heavy Bombardment Group Society contains a unit history of this B-24 U.S. Army Air Corps Group, 55th Wing, 760th, 761st, 762nd, 763rd Squadrons and Group Headquarters, which served in the Italian Campaign. This collection primarily focuses on the memory of the war and those who served in the 460th. Included is a listing of the airmen who were held as prisoners of war, including their squadrons, positions on the plane (e.g. pilot, gunner), the date, mission, and what country or stalag in which they were held. Also included is a booklet, \"Remembering the 460th Bomb Group (H),\" which contains photographs, personnel lists, and maps, and was prepared as a gift from Duane and Betty Bohnstedt to their members. There are mission lists, target details, flight records, and crew searches. The collection includes issues of the society's veterans' association magazine, \"Black Panther\" from mid-1990 to their final issue, December 2005.","Additionally, there are copies of diaries, personal files, memoirs, and wartime letters assembled and sent to Bohnstedt by various crew members. An oral history of Bohnstedt is included. Correspondence is included with members that gave to his collection, as well as his accounts of personal research and travel while assembling this collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_e6da208691d4ff964bb3e8a2b5fd52c9\"\u003eClaude Pepper Library\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Claude Pepper Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Group (H), 460th","United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 15th","Germany. Luftwaffe","Great Britain. Royal Air Force."],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Group (H), 460th","United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 15th","Germany. Luftwaffe","Great Britain. Royal Air Force.","Bohnstedt, Duane","Bohnstedt, Betty","Schwartz, John G., 1917-2003"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Group (H), 460th","United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 15th","Germany. Luftwaffe","Great Britain. Royal Air Force."],"famname_ssim":["Bohnstedt, Duane","Bohnstedt, Betty"],"persname_ssim":["Schwartz, John G., 1917-2003"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":345,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_version_":1875295911299514368,"_root_":"5500fdde41498d66fc4946d1","timestamp":"2026-09-03T07:45:46.264Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/5500fdde41498d66fc4946d1"}},{"id":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/480e46a504f2fba6b1588537#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/480e46a504f2fba6b1588537#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to the 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) that was assigned to the 15th Air Force and based in Torretta, Italy as a component of the Foggia Airfield Complex during World War II and assigned B-24 Liberator heavy bombers.  The materials contained in this collection were subsequently assembled during the post-war period by the 484th Bombardment Group Association.  The collection contains official reports, data sheets, statistics, newspapers, Missing Air Crew Reports, personal histories, photographs, and unit histories.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/480e46a504f2fba6b1588537#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537","title_filing_ssi":"484th Bombardment Group Association papers","title_ssm":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers"],"title_tesim":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers"],"ead_ssi":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537","unitdate_ssm":["1939-1998"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1939-1998"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["02.0047","/repositories/10/resources/197"],"text":["02.0047","/repositories/10/resources/197","484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998","Foggia (Italy)","B-24 (Bomber)","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Yugoslavia","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","This collection is open to all researchers.","Constituted as 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) on September 14, 1943, the group officially activated on September 20th. Trained for combat with B-24 Liberator heavy bombers, the group transferred to Torretto Airfield in Italy during March and April 1944. Torretta airfield (also known as Cerignola #3) served as a semi-permanent heavy bomber airfield located approximately 14km (9 miles) southwest of Cerignola in Apulia, Italy.  This airbase would eventually form part of the Foggia Airfield Complex.  Assigned to Fifteenth Air Force, the group was redesignated the 484th Bombardment Group (Pathfinder) in May 1944 but did not perform pathfinder functions. Again, redesignated 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) in November 1944, the group operated primarily as a strategic bombardment organization through to April 1945.\n The group attacked targets such as oil refineries, oil storage plants, aircraft factories, heavy industry, and communications in Italy, France, Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Rumania, and Yugoslavia. On June 13, 1944, a heavy smoke screen prevented the group from bombing marshaling yards at Munich. In spite of severe damage from German flak and fighters, and despite heavy gunfire encountered at the alternate target, the group bombed marshaling yards at Innsbruck and received a Distinguished Unit Citation (DUC) for its persistent action. The group received a second DUC for performance on August 22, 1944, when, unescorted, the organization fought its way through an intense opposition to attack underground oil storage installations in Vienna. In addition to strategic missions, the 484th supported the allied ground drive toward Rome by bombing bridges, supply dumps, viaducts, and marshaling yards from April to June 1944. Furthermore, the group ferried gasoline and oil to Allied forces in southern France during September 1944 and supported the final advance through northern Italy.  Moved to Casablanca in May 1945, the group was assigned to Air Transport Command and subsequently deactivated in French Morocco on July 25, 1945. Squadrons assigned to the group included the 824th, 825th, 826th, and 827th. Stations assigned for the group during the war included Harvard AAF,  Nebraska from September 20, 1943, to March 2, 1944; Torretta AAF, Italy from April 1944-May 1945; and Casablanca, French Morocco, from May 25 to July 25, 1945. The assigned commanders included Colonel William B Keese from October 1943 to April 1945 and Lieutenant Colonel Chester C. Busch from April 1945 to deactivation","History of  The Torretta Flyer  newsletter:","Bud Markel wrote the history of the 484th Bomb Group and preserved it in  The Torretta Flyer.  He and his wife Bea organized the first reunion of the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups in May of 1981.  In December of 1981, the 461st and 484th Bomb Groups Association were incorporated in the state of California as a non-profit corporation. Starting with a newsletter bulletin to keep early members up to date on the fledgling organization, the name  The Torretta Flyer  was first applied to newsletter number 4. In 1992 the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups formed their own separate associations. Bud was the president of the 484th BG Association and the editor of  The Torretta Flyer  until the association was disbanded in 2001.  An excellent writer, photographer, aviation historian, and organizer, Bud published  The Torretta Flyer  twice yearly for 20 years.  With the help of Bea, he also organized and hosted annual reunions for the association.  The Torretta Flyer  evolved from a mimeographed newsletter into a fine glossy magazine filled with photographs, data compiled from official sources, letters and stories written by members, and scholarly contributions from writers in the historical aviation field.  When the 484th BG Association was disbanded, Bud and Bea donated 50 1200 page bound two-volume sets of  The Torretta Flyer  to various libraries and museums around the country.  Bud Markel flew 35 combat missions as a B-24 engineer between January and May of 1945.  He was employed as an A\u0026P mechanic for United Airlines in Los Angeles from 1948 until retirement.  He was especially proud of the 484th BG Association scholarship fund which was originally conceived as a living memorial to the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups.  Through this fund, the association donated $53,000 to deserving high school students from the area around Cerignola, Italy.  The Torretta Flyer  is copyright © 484th Bomb Group Association","Link to The Torretta Flyer newsletter index:  http://www.484th.org/Torretta%20Flyer/Torretta%20Flyer.htm","Source:","\"484th Bombardment Group (H).\" www.484th.org. Accessed June 8, 2018. http://www.484th.org/.","Note written by Dick Olson, 484th Bombardment Group Association Historian","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","Link to official website of the 484th Bombardment Group Association:   http://www.484th.org/ . This website is also included in an  Internet Archive web collection  for the World War II Archives. ","The Internet Archive collection includes the website for the 461st Bombardment Group (H).","This collection relates to the 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) that was assigned to the 15th Air Force and based in Torretta, Italy as a component of the Foggia Airfield Complex during World War II and assigned B-24 Liberator heavy bombers.  The materials contained in this collection were subsequently assembled during the post-war period by the 484th Bombardment Group Association.  The collection contains official reports, data sheets, statistics, newspapers, Missing Air Crew Reports, personal histories, photographs, and unit histories.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","Claude Pepper Library","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","484th Bombardment Group Association","United States. Army Air Forces, Bombardment Group (H), 484th","English"],"unitid_tesim":["02.0047","/repositories/10/resources/197"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1939-1998"],"normalized_title_ssm":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"collection_title_tesim":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"collection_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Foggia (Italy)"],"geogname_ssim":["Foggia (Italy)"],"creator_ssm":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"creator_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"creators_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"places_ssim":["Foggia (Italy)"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"access_subjects_ssim":["B-24 (Bomber)","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Yugoslavia","World War, 1939-1945--Austria"],"access_subjects_ssm":["B-24 (Bomber)","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Yugoslavia","World War, 1939-1945--Austria"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["17 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["17 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConstituted as 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) on September 14, 1943, the group officially activated on September 20th. Trained for combat with B-24 Liberator heavy bombers, the group transferred to Torretto Airfield in Italy during March and April 1944. Torretta airfield (also known as Cerignola #3) served as a semi-permanent heavy bomber airfield located approximately 14km (9 miles) southwest of Cerignola in Apulia, Italy.\u0026#xA0; This airbase would eventually form part of the Foggia Airfield Complex.\u0026#xA0; Assigned to Fifteenth Air Force, the group was redesignated the 484th Bombardment Group (Pathfinder) in May 1944 but did not perform pathfinder functions. Again, redesignated 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) in November 1944, the group operated primarily as a strategic bombardment organization through to April 1945.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe group attacked targets such as oil refineries, oil storage plants, aircraft factories, heavy industry, and communications in Italy, France, Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Rumania, and Yugoslavia. On June 13, 1944, a heavy smoke screen prevented the group from bombing marshaling yards at Munich. In spite of severe damage from German flak and fighters, and despite heavy gunfire encountered at the alternate target, the group bombed marshaling yards at Innsbruck and received a Distinguished Unit Citation (DUC) for its persistent action. The group received a second DUC for performance on August 22, 1944, when, unescorted, the organization fought its way through an intense opposition to attack underground oil storage installations in Vienna. In addition to strategic missions, the 484th supported the allied ground drive toward Rome by bombing bridges, supply dumps, viaducts, and marshaling yards from April to June 1944. Furthermore, the group ferried gasoline and oil to Allied forces in southern France during September 1944 and supported the final advance through northern Italy.\u0026#xA0; Moved to Casablanca in May 1945, the group was assigned to Air Transport Command and subsequently deactivated in French Morocco on July 25, 1945. Squadrons assigned to the group included the 824th, 825th, 826th, and 827th. Stations assigned for the group during the war included Harvard AAF,\u0026#xA0; Nebraska from September 20, 1943, to March 2, 1944; Torretta AAF, Italy from April 1944-May 1945; and Casablanca, French Morocco, from May 25 to July 25, 1945. The assigned commanders included Colonel William B Keese from October 1943 to April 1945 and Lieutenant Colonel Chester C. Busch from April 1945 to deactivation\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eHistory of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e newsletter:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBud Markel wrote the history of the 484th Bomb Group and preserved it in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer.\u003c/emph\u003e He and his wife Bea organized the first reunion of the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups in May of 1981.\u0026#xA0; In December of 1981, the 461st and 484th Bomb Groups Association were incorporated in the state of California as a non-profit corporation. Starting with a newsletter bulletin to keep early members up to date on the fledgling organization, the name \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e was first applied to newsletter number 4. In 1992 the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups formed their own separate associations. Bud was the president of the 484th BG Association and the editor of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e until the association was disbanded in 2001.\u0026#xA0; An excellent writer, photographer, aviation historian, and organizer, Bud published \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e twice yearly for 20 years.\u0026#xA0; With the help of Bea, he also organized and hosted annual reunions for the association. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e evolved from a mimeographed newsletter into a fine glossy magazine filled with photographs, data compiled from official sources, letters and stories written by members, and scholarly contributions from writers in the historical aviation field.\u0026#xA0; When the 484th BG Association was disbanded, Bud and Bea donated 50 1200 page bound two-volume sets of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e to various libraries and museums around the country.\u0026#xA0; Bud Markel flew 35 combat missions as a B-24 engineer between January and May of 1945.\u0026#xA0; He was employed as an A\u0026amp;P mechanic for United Airlines in Los Angeles from 1948 until retirement.\u0026#xA0; He was especially proud of the 484th BG Association scholarship fund which was originally conceived as a living memorial to the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups.\u0026#xA0; Through this fund, the association donated $53,000 to deserving high school students from the area around Cerignola, Italy. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e is copyright \u0026#xA9; 484th Bomb Group Association\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLink to The Torretta Flyer newsletter index: \u003cextref href=\"http://www.484th.org/Torretta%20Flyer/Torretta%20Flyer.htm\"\u003ehttp://www.484th.org/Torretta%20Flyer/Torretta%20Flyer.htm\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSource:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\"484th Bombardment Group (H).\" www.484th.org. Accessed June 8, 2018. http://www.484th.org/.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eNote written by Dick Olson, 484th Bombardment Group Association Historian\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Constituted as 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) on September 14, 1943, the group officially activated on September 20th. Trained for combat with B-24 Liberator heavy bombers, the group transferred to Torretto Airfield in Italy during March and April 1944. Torretta airfield (also known as Cerignola #3) served as a semi-permanent heavy bomber airfield located approximately 14km (9 miles) southwest of Cerignola in Apulia, Italy.  This airbase would eventually form part of the Foggia Airfield Complex.  Assigned to Fifteenth Air Force, the group was redesignated the 484th Bombardment Group (Pathfinder) in May 1944 but did not perform pathfinder functions. Again, redesignated 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) in November 1944, the group operated primarily as a strategic bombardment organization through to April 1945.\n The group attacked targets such as oil refineries, oil storage plants, aircraft factories, heavy industry, and communications in Italy, France, Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Rumania, and Yugoslavia. On June 13, 1944, a heavy smoke screen prevented the group from bombing marshaling yards at Munich. In spite of severe damage from German flak and fighters, and despite heavy gunfire encountered at the alternate target, the group bombed marshaling yards at Innsbruck and received a Distinguished Unit Citation (DUC) for its persistent action. The group received a second DUC for performance on August 22, 1944, when, unescorted, the organization fought its way through an intense opposition to attack underground oil storage installations in Vienna. In addition to strategic missions, the 484th supported the allied ground drive toward Rome by bombing bridges, supply dumps, viaducts, and marshaling yards from April to June 1944. Furthermore, the group ferried gasoline and oil to Allied forces in southern France during September 1944 and supported the final advance through northern Italy.  Moved to Casablanca in May 1945, the group was assigned to Air Transport Command and subsequently deactivated in French Morocco on July 25, 1945. Squadrons assigned to the group included the 824th, 825th, 826th, and 827th. Stations assigned for the group during the war included Harvard AAF,  Nebraska from September 20, 1943, to March 2, 1944; Torretta AAF, Italy from April 1944-May 1945; and Casablanca, French Morocco, from May 25 to July 25, 1945. The assigned commanders included Colonel William B Keese from October 1943 to April 1945 and Lieutenant Colonel Chester C. Busch from April 1945 to deactivation","History of  The Torretta Flyer  newsletter:","Bud Markel wrote the history of the 484th Bomb Group and preserved it in  The Torretta Flyer.  He and his wife Bea organized the first reunion of the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups in May of 1981.  In December of 1981, the 461st and 484th Bomb Groups Association were incorporated in the state of California as a non-profit corporation. Starting with a newsletter bulletin to keep early members up to date on the fledgling organization, the name  The Torretta Flyer  was first applied to newsletter number 4. In 1992 the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups formed their own separate associations. Bud was the president of the 484th BG Association and the editor of  The Torretta Flyer  until the association was disbanded in 2001.  An excellent writer, photographer, aviation historian, and organizer, Bud published  The Torretta Flyer  twice yearly for 20 years.  With the help of Bea, he also organized and hosted annual reunions for the association.  The Torretta Flyer  evolved from a mimeographed newsletter into a fine glossy magazine filled with photographs, data compiled from official sources, letters and stories written by members, and scholarly contributions from writers in the historical aviation field.  When the 484th BG Association was disbanded, Bud and Bea donated 50 1200 page bound two-volume sets of  The Torretta Flyer  to various libraries and museums around the country.  Bud Markel flew 35 combat missions as a B-24 engineer between January and May of 1945.  He was employed as an A\u0026P mechanic for United Airlines in Los Angeles from 1948 until retirement.  He was especially proud of the 484th BG Association scholarship fund which was originally conceived as a living memorial to the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups.  Through this fund, the association donated $53,000 to deserving high school students from the area around Cerignola, Italy.  The Torretta Flyer  is copyright © 484th Bomb Group Association","Link to The Torretta Flyer newsletter index:  http://www.484th.org/Torretta%20Flyer/Torretta%20Flyer.htm","Source:","\"484th Bombardment Group (H).\" www.484th.org. Accessed June 8, 2018. http://www.484th.org/.","Note written by Dick Olson, 484th Bombardment Group Association Historian"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], 484th Bombardment Group Association papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_02_0047\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_02_0047\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], 484th Bombardment Group Association papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_02_0047 ."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLink to official website of the 484th Bombardment Group Association:\u0026#xA0; \u003cextref href=\"http://www.484th.org/\"\u003ehttp://www.484th.org/\u003c/extref\u003e. This website is also included in an \u003cextref href=\"https://archive-it.org/collections/10115\"\u003eInternet Archive web collection\u003c/extref\u003e for the World War II Archives. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Internet Archive collection includes the website for the 461st Bombardment Group (H).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials - Related Publications"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Link to official website of the 484th Bombardment Group Association:   http://www.484th.org/ . This website is also included in an  Internet Archive web collection  for the World War II Archives. ","The Internet Archive collection includes the website for the 461st Bombardment Group (H)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to the 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) that was assigned to the 15th Air Force and based in Torretta, Italy as a component of the Foggia Airfield Complex during World War II and assigned B-24 Liberator heavy bombers.\u0026#xA0; The materials contained in this collection were subsequently assembled during the post-war period by the 484th Bombardment Group Association.\u0026#xA0; The collection contains official reports, data sheets, statistics, newspapers, Missing Air Crew Reports, personal histories, photographs, and unit histories.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to the 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) that was assigned to the 15th Air Force and based in Torretta, Italy as a component of the Foggia Airfield Complex during World War II and assigned B-24 Liberator heavy bombers.  The materials contained in this collection were subsequently assembled during the post-war period by the 484th Bombardment Group Association.  The collection contains official reports, data sheets, statistics, newspapers, Missing Air Crew Reports, personal histories, photographs, and unit histories."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_dc95db454fe0ad060bd914009fe90431\"\u003eClaude Pepper Library\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Claude Pepper Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association","United States. Army Air Forces, Bombardment Group (H), 484th"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","484th Bombardment Group Association","United States. Army Air Forces, Bombardment Group (H), 484th"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","484th Bombardment Group Association","United States. Army Air Forces, Bombardment Group (H), 484th"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":315,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537","timestamp":"2026-07-10T05:44:27.461Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537","title_filing_ssi":"484th Bombardment Group Association papers","title_ssm":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers"],"title_tesim":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers"],"ead_ssi":"480e46a504f2fba6b1588537","unitdate_ssm":["1939-1998"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1939-1998"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["02.0047","/repositories/10/resources/197"],"text":["02.0047","/repositories/10/resources/197","484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998","Foggia (Italy)","B-24 (Bomber)","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Yugoslavia","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","This collection is open to all researchers.","Constituted as 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) on September 14, 1943, the group officially activated on September 20th. Trained for combat with B-24 Liberator heavy bombers, the group transferred to Torretto Airfield in Italy during March and April 1944. Torretta airfield (also known as Cerignola #3) served as a semi-permanent heavy bomber airfield located approximately 14km (9 miles) southwest of Cerignola in Apulia, Italy.  This airbase would eventually form part of the Foggia Airfield Complex.  Assigned to Fifteenth Air Force, the group was redesignated the 484th Bombardment Group (Pathfinder) in May 1944 but did not perform pathfinder functions. Again, redesignated 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) in November 1944, the group operated primarily as a strategic bombardment organization through to April 1945.\n The group attacked targets such as oil refineries, oil storage plants, aircraft factories, heavy industry, and communications in Italy, France, Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Rumania, and Yugoslavia. On June 13, 1944, a heavy smoke screen prevented the group from bombing marshaling yards at Munich. In spite of severe damage from German flak and fighters, and despite heavy gunfire encountered at the alternate target, the group bombed marshaling yards at Innsbruck and received a Distinguished Unit Citation (DUC) for its persistent action. The group received a second DUC for performance on August 22, 1944, when, unescorted, the organization fought its way through an intense opposition to attack underground oil storage installations in Vienna. In addition to strategic missions, the 484th supported the allied ground drive toward Rome by bombing bridges, supply dumps, viaducts, and marshaling yards from April to June 1944. Furthermore, the group ferried gasoline and oil to Allied forces in southern France during September 1944 and supported the final advance through northern Italy.  Moved to Casablanca in May 1945, the group was assigned to Air Transport Command and subsequently deactivated in French Morocco on July 25, 1945. Squadrons assigned to the group included the 824th, 825th, 826th, and 827th. Stations assigned for the group during the war included Harvard AAF,  Nebraska from September 20, 1943, to March 2, 1944; Torretta AAF, Italy from April 1944-May 1945; and Casablanca, French Morocco, from May 25 to July 25, 1945. The assigned commanders included Colonel William B Keese from October 1943 to April 1945 and Lieutenant Colonel Chester C. Busch from April 1945 to deactivation","History of  The Torretta Flyer  newsletter:","Bud Markel wrote the history of the 484th Bomb Group and preserved it in  The Torretta Flyer.  He and his wife Bea organized the first reunion of the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups in May of 1981.  In December of 1981, the 461st and 484th Bomb Groups Association were incorporated in the state of California as a non-profit corporation. Starting with a newsletter bulletin to keep early members up to date on the fledgling organization, the name  The Torretta Flyer  was first applied to newsletter number 4. In 1992 the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups formed their own separate associations. Bud was the president of the 484th BG Association and the editor of  The Torretta Flyer  until the association was disbanded in 2001.  An excellent writer, photographer, aviation historian, and organizer, Bud published  The Torretta Flyer  twice yearly for 20 years.  With the help of Bea, he also organized and hosted annual reunions for the association.  The Torretta Flyer  evolved from a mimeographed newsletter into a fine glossy magazine filled with photographs, data compiled from official sources, letters and stories written by members, and scholarly contributions from writers in the historical aviation field.  When the 484th BG Association was disbanded, Bud and Bea donated 50 1200 page bound two-volume sets of  The Torretta Flyer  to various libraries and museums around the country.  Bud Markel flew 35 combat missions as a B-24 engineer between January and May of 1945.  He was employed as an A\u0026P mechanic for United Airlines in Los Angeles from 1948 until retirement.  He was especially proud of the 484th BG Association scholarship fund which was originally conceived as a living memorial to the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups.  Through this fund, the association donated $53,000 to deserving high school students from the area around Cerignola, Italy.  The Torretta Flyer  is copyright © 484th Bomb Group Association","Link to The Torretta Flyer newsletter index:  http://www.484th.org/Torretta%20Flyer/Torretta%20Flyer.htm","Source:","\"484th Bombardment Group (H).\" www.484th.org. Accessed June 8, 2018. http://www.484th.org/.","Note written by Dick Olson, 484th Bombardment Group Association Historian","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","Link to official website of the 484th Bombardment Group Association:   http://www.484th.org/ . This website is also included in an  Internet Archive web collection  for the World War II Archives. ","The Internet Archive collection includes the website for the 461st Bombardment Group (H).","This collection relates to the 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) that was assigned to the 15th Air Force and based in Torretta, Italy as a component of the Foggia Airfield Complex during World War II and assigned B-24 Liberator heavy bombers.  The materials contained in this collection were subsequently assembled during the post-war period by the 484th Bombardment Group Association.  The collection contains official reports, data sheets, statistics, newspapers, Missing Air Crew Reports, personal histories, photographs, and unit histories.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","Claude Pepper Library","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","484th Bombardment Group Association","United States. Army Air Forces, Bombardment Group (H), 484th","English"],"unitid_tesim":["02.0047","/repositories/10/resources/197"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1939-1998"],"normalized_title_ssm":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"collection_title_tesim":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"collection_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association papers, 1939-1998"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Foggia (Italy)"],"geogname_ssim":["Foggia (Italy)"],"creator_ssm":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"creator_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"creators_ssim":["484th Bombardment Group Association"],"places_ssim":["Foggia (Italy)"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"access_subjects_ssim":["B-24 (Bomber)","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Yugoslavia","World War, 1939-1945--Austria"],"access_subjects_ssm":["B-24 (Bomber)","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Italy","World War, 1939-1945--Yugoslavia","World War, 1939-1945--Austria"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["17 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["17 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConstituted as 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) on September 14, 1943, the group officially activated on September 20th. Trained for combat with B-24 Liberator heavy bombers, the group transferred to Torretto Airfield in Italy during March and April 1944. Torretta airfield (also known as Cerignola #3) served as a semi-permanent heavy bomber airfield located approximately 14km (9 miles) southwest of Cerignola in Apulia, Italy.\u0026#xA0; This airbase would eventually form part of the Foggia Airfield Complex.\u0026#xA0; Assigned to Fifteenth Air Force, the group was redesignated the 484th Bombardment Group (Pathfinder) in May 1944 but did not perform pathfinder functions. Again, redesignated 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) in November 1944, the group operated primarily as a strategic bombardment organization through to April 1945.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe group attacked targets such as oil refineries, oil storage plants, aircraft factories, heavy industry, and communications in Italy, France, Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Rumania, and Yugoslavia. On June 13, 1944, a heavy smoke screen prevented the group from bombing marshaling yards at Munich. In spite of severe damage from German flak and fighters, and despite heavy gunfire encountered at the alternate target, the group bombed marshaling yards at Innsbruck and received a Distinguished Unit Citation (DUC) for its persistent action. The group received a second DUC for performance on August 22, 1944, when, unescorted, the organization fought its way through an intense opposition to attack underground oil storage installations in Vienna. In addition to strategic missions, the 484th supported the allied ground drive toward Rome by bombing bridges, supply dumps, viaducts, and marshaling yards from April to June 1944. Furthermore, the group ferried gasoline and oil to Allied forces in southern France during September 1944 and supported the final advance through northern Italy.\u0026#xA0; Moved to Casablanca in May 1945, the group was assigned to Air Transport Command and subsequently deactivated in French Morocco on July 25, 1945. Squadrons assigned to the group included the 824th, 825th, 826th, and 827th. Stations assigned for the group during the war included Harvard AAF,\u0026#xA0; Nebraska from September 20, 1943, to March 2, 1944; Torretta AAF, Italy from April 1944-May 1945; and Casablanca, French Morocco, from May 25 to July 25, 1945. The assigned commanders included Colonel William B Keese from October 1943 to April 1945 and Lieutenant Colonel Chester C. Busch from April 1945 to deactivation\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eHistory of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e newsletter:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBud Markel wrote the history of the 484th Bomb Group and preserved it in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer.\u003c/emph\u003e He and his wife Bea organized the first reunion of the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups in May of 1981.\u0026#xA0; In December of 1981, the 461st and 484th Bomb Groups Association were incorporated in the state of California as a non-profit corporation. Starting with a newsletter bulletin to keep early members up to date on the fledgling organization, the name \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e was first applied to newsletter number 4. In 1992 the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups formed their own separate associations. Bud was the president of the 484th BG Association and the editor of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e until the association was disbanded in 2001.\u0026#xA0; An excellent writer, photographer, aviation historian, and organizer, Bud published \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e twice yearly for 20 years.\u0026#xA0; With the help of Bea, he also organized and hosted annual reunions for the association. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e evolved from a mimeographed newsletter into a fine glossy magazine filled with photographs, data compiled from official sources, letters and stories written by members, and scholarly contributions from writers in the historical aviation field.\u0026#xA0; When the 484th BG Association was disbanded, Bud and Bea donated 50 1200 page bound two-volume sets of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e to various libraries and museums around the country.\u0026#xA0; Bud Markel flew 35 combat missions as a B-24 engineer between January and May of 1945.\u0026#xA0; He was employed as an A\u0026amp;P mechanic for United Airlines in Los Angeles from 1948 until retirement.\u0026#xA0; He was especially proud of the 484th BG Association scholarship fund which was originally conceived as a living memorial to the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups.\u0026#xA0; Through this fund, the association donated $53,000 to deserving high school students from the area around Cerignola, Italy. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Torretta Flyer\u003c/emph\u003e is copyright \u0026#xA9; 484th Bomb Group Association\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLink to The Torretta Flyer newsletter index: \u003cextref href=\"http://www.484th.org/Torretta%20Flyer/Torretta%20Flyer.htm\"\u003ehttp://www.484th.org/Torretta%20Flyer/Torretta%20Flyer.htm\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSource:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\"484th Bombardment Group (H).\" www.484th.org. Accessed June 8, 2018. http://www.484th.org/.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eNote written by Dick Olson, 484th Bombardment Group Association Historian\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Constituted as 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) on September 14, 1943, the group officially activated on September 20th. Trained for combat with B-24 Liberator heavy bombers, the group transferred to Torretto Airfield in Italy during March and April 1944. Torretta airfield (also known as Cerignola #3) served as a semi-permanent heavy bomber airfield located approximately 14km (9 miles) southwest of Cerignola in Apulia, Italy.  This airbase would eventually form part of the Foggia Airfield Complex.  Assigned to Fifteenth Air Force, the group was redesignated the 484th Bombardment Group (Pathfinder) in May 1944 but did not perform pathfinder functions. Again, redesignated 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) in November 1944, the group operated primarily as a strategic bombardment organization through to April 1945.\n The group attacked targets such as oil refineries, oil storage plants, aircraft factories, heavy industry, and communications in Italy, France, Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Rumania, and Yugoslavia. On June 13, 1944, a heavy smoke screen prevented the group from bombing marshaling yards at Munich. In spite of severe damage from German flak and fighters, and despite heavy gunfire encountered at the alternate target, the group bombed marshaling yards at Innsbruck and received a Distinguished Unit Citation (DUC) for its persistent action. The group received a second DUC for performance on August 22, 1944, when, unescorted, the organization fought its way through an intense opposition to attack underground oil storage installations in Vienna. In addition to strategic missions, the 484th supported the allied ground drive toward Rome by bombing bridges, supply dumps, viaducts, and marshaling yards from April to June 1944. Furthermore, the group ferried gasoline and oil to Allied forces in southern France during September 1944 and supported the final advance through northern Italy.  Moved to Casablanca in May 1945, the group was assigned to Air Transport Command and subsequently deactivated in French Morocco on July 25, 1945. Squadrons assigned to the group included the 824th, 825th, 826th, and 827th. Stations assigned for the group during the war included Harvard AAF,  Nebraska from September 20, 1943, to March 2, 1944; Torretta AAF, Italy from April 1944-May 1945; and Casablanca, French Morocco, from May 25 to July 25, 1945. The assigned commanders included Colonel William B Keese from October 1943 to April 1945 and Lieutenant Colonel Chester C. Busch from April 1945 to deactivation","History of  The Torretta Flyer  newsletter:","Bud Markel wrote the history of the 484th Bomb Group and preserved it in  The Torretta Flyer.  He and his wife Bea organized the first reunion of the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups in May of 1981.  In December of 1981, the 461st and 484th Bomb Groups Association were incorporated in the state of California as a non-profit corporation. Starting with a newsletter bulletin to keep early members up to date on the fledgling organization, the name  The Torretta Flyer  was first applied to newsletter number 4. In 1992 the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups formed their own separate associations. Bud was the president of the 484th BG Association and the editor of  The Torretta Flyer  until the association was disbanded in 2001.  An excellent writer, photographer, aviation historian, and organizer, Bud published  The Torretta Flyer  twice yearly for 20 years.  With the help of Bea, he also organized and hosted annual reunions for the association.  The Torretta Flyer  evolved from a mimeographed newsletter into a fine glossy magazine filled with photographs, data compiled from official sources, letters and stories written by members, and scholarly contributions from writers in the historical aviation field.  When the 484th BG Association was disbanded, Bud and Bea donated 50 1200 page bound two-volume sets of  The Torretta Flyer  to various libraries and museums around the country.  Bud Markel flew 35 combat missions as a B-24 engineer between January and May of 1945.  He was employed as an A\u0026P mechanic for United Airlines in Los Angeles from 1948 until retirement.  He was especially proud of the 484th BG Association scholarship fund which was originally conceived as a living memorial to the 484th and 461st Bomb Groups.  Through this fund, the association donated $53,000 to deserving high school students from the area around Cerignola, Italy.  The Torretta Flyer  is copyright © 484th Bomb Group Association","Link to The Torretta Flyer newsletter index:  http://www.484th.org/Torretta%20Flyer/Torretta%20Flyer.htm","Source:","\"484th Bombardment Group (H).\" www.484th.org. Accessed June 8, 2018. http://www.484th.org/.","Note written by Dick Olson, 484th Bombardment Group Association Historian"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], 484th Bombardment Group Association papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_02_0047\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_02_0047\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], 484th Bombardment Group Association papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_02_0047 ."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLink to official website of the 484th Bombardment Group Association:\u0026#xA0; \u003cextref href=\"http://www.484th.org/\"\u003ehttp://www.484th.org/\u003c/extref\u003e. This website is also included in an \u003cextref href=\"https://archive-it.org/collections/10115\"\u003eInternet Archive web collection\u003c/extref\u003e for the World War II Archives. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Internet Archive collection includes the website for the 461st Bombardment Group (H).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials - Related Publications"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Link to official website of the 484th Bombardment Group Association:   http://www.484th.org/ . This website is also included in an  Internet Archive web collection  for the World War II Archives. ","The Internet Archive collection includes the website for the 461st Bombardment Group (H)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to the 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) that was assigned to the 15th Air Force and based in Torretta, Italy as a component of the Foggia Airfield Complex during World War II and assigned B-24 Liberator heavy bombers.\u0026#xA0; The materials contained in this collection were subsequently assembled during the post-war period by the 484th Bombardment Group Association.\u0026#xA0; The collection contains official reports, data sheets, statistics, newspapers, Missing Air Crew Reports, personal histories, photographs, and unit histories.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to the 484th Bombardment Group (Heavy) that was assigned to the 15th Air Force and based in Torretta, Italy as a component of the Foggia Airfield Complex during World War II and assigned B-24 Liberator heavy bombers.  The materials contained in this collection were subsequently assembled during the post-war period by the 484th Bombardment Group Association.  The collection contains official reports, data sheets, statistics, newspapers, Missing Air Crew Reports, personal histories, photographs, and unit histories."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. 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Army Air Forces. 385th Bombardment Group (H)","Prisoners of war--United States--History--20th century","This collection is open to all researchers.","Edwin Ivy was born in Waco, Texas on July 4, 1918, and grew up there. At the time of Pearl Harbor, Ivy was working for the War Department constructing Fort Hood in Killeen, Texas. As the war began he wanted to pilot planes and in preparation studied at Kelly Field in San Antonio. Unfortunately it did not work out so he turned to navigation instead. In 1943 he graduated from navigation school as a Second Lieutenant. Following graduation Ivy became a flight instructor at Kirkland Field in New Mexico but he wanted more. So he traveled to Lincoln, Nebraska for combat training with the 485th Heavy Bombardment Group and 831st Squadron in the Army Air Force. In April 1943 he and his unit traveled to Tunis, Tunisia before heading to Italy. He traveled throughout Italy on various missions before leaving to Lyon, France. After Lyon, he dropped bombs near the Ploesti oil fields in Romania (possibly Operation Tidal Wave; the time period and location matches up but Ivy does not specify any operation name).","On May 29, 1944, Ivy was over Vienna, Austria when his plane was shot down into enemy territory. Ivy and all his crew members safely parachuted out of the bailing aircraft and onto the soil. They surrendered to the Germans who took them to Stalag Luft III. He stayed there until December 1944 and then marched to Nuremberg and Moosberg, Germany where he was liberated in early May 1945. Once Ivy was liberated he stayed in Reims, France and returned to the United States at the end of 1945. A few months later he was discharged and worked for Charles Scribner's book publishing company in advertising and public relations in New York. He met his future wife there and later worked at Universal Atlas Cement Company.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","The Edwin Ivy papers illustrate 2nd Lieutenant Ivy's service in the Army Air Corps in the 485th Heavy Bombardment Group, 831st Squadron, from 1942-1945 in Italy, France, and Austria where he was shot down and became a prisoner of war in Stalag Luft III. Ivy's oral history encompasses the majority of his collection and provides detail of his military training, time spent in the Army Air Corps, as a prisoner of war, and being discharged. His papers also include the first chapter of  Old Man in a Baseball Cap  by Fred Rochlin. The chapter describes the significance of remembering the past and passing down experiences to others.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Stalag Luft III","International Committee of the Red Cross. 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Ivy and all his crew members safely parachuted out of the bailing aircraft and onto the soil. They surrendered to the Germans who took them to Stalag Luft III. He stayed there until December 1944 and then marched to Nuremberg and Moosberg, Germany where he was liberated in early May 1945. Once Ivy was liberated he stayed in Reims, France and returned to the United States at the end of 1945. A few months later he was discharged and worked for Charles Scribner's book publishing company in advertising and public relations in New York. He met his future wife there and later worked at Universal Atlas Cement Company.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Edwin Ivy was born in Waco, Texas on July 4, 1918, and grew up there. At the time of Pearl Harbor, Ivy was working for the War Department constructing Fort Hood in Killeen, Texas. 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Ivy and all his crew members safely parachuted out of the bailing aircraft and onto the soil. They surrendered to the Germans who took them to Stalag Luft III. He stayed there until December 1944 and then marched to Nuremberg and Moosberg, Germany where he was liberated in early May 1945. Once Ivy was liberated he stayed in Reims, France and returned to the United States at the end of 1945. A few months later he was discharged and worked for Charles Scribner's book publishing company in advertising and public relations in New York. He met his future wife there and later worked at Universal Atlas Cement Company."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Edwin Ivy Papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_00_0725\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_00_0725\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Edwin Ivy Papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_00_0725 ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Edwin Ivy papers illustrate 2nd Lieutenant Ivy's service in the Army Air Corps in the 485th Heavy Bombardment Group, 831st Squadron, from 1942-1945 in Italy, France, and Austria where he was shot down and became a prisoner of war in Stalag Luft III. Ivy's oral history encompasses the majority of his collection and provides detail of his military training, time spent in the Army Air Corps, as a prisoner of war, and being discharged. His papers also include the first chapter of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eOld Man in a Baseball Cap \u003c/emph\u003eby Fred Rochlin. The chapter describes the significance of remembering the past and passing down experiences to others.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Edwin Ivy papers illustrate 2nd Lieutenant Ivy's service in the Army Air Corps in the 485th Heavy Bombardment Group, 831st Squadron, from 1942-1945 in Italy, France, and Austria where he was shot down and became a prisoner of war in Stalag Luft III. Ivy's oral history encompasses the majority of his collection and provides detail of his military training, time spent in the Army Air Corps, as a prisoner of war, and being discharged. His papers also include the first chapter of  Old Man in a Baseball Cap  by Fred Rochlin. The chapter describes the significance of remembering the past and passing down experiences to others."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. 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Army Air Forces. 385th Bombardment Group (H)","Prisoners of war--United States--History--20th century","This collection is open to all researchers.","Edwin Ivy was born in Waco, Texas on July 4, 1918, and grew up there. At the time of Pearl Harbor, Ivy was working for the War Department constructing Fort Hood in Killeen, Texas. As the war began he wanted to pilot planes and in preparation studied at Kelly Field in San Antonio. Unfortunately it did not work out so he turned to navigation instead. In 1943 he graduated from navigation school as a Second Lieutenant. Following graduation Ivy became a flight instructor at Kirkland Field in New Mexico but he wanted more. So he traveled to Lincoln, Nebraska for combat training with the 485th Heavy Bombardment Group and 831st Squadron in the Army Air Force. In April 1943 he and his unit traveled to Tunis, Tunisia before heading to Italy. He traveled throughout Italy on various missions before leaving to Lyon, France. After Lyon, he dropped bombs near the Ploesti oil fields in Romania (possibly Operation Tidal Wave; the time period and location matches up but Ivy does not specify any operation name).","On May 29, 1944, Ivy was over Vienna, Austria when his plane was shot down into enemy territory. Ivy and all his crew members safely parachuted out of the bailing aircraft and onto the soil. They surrendered to the Germans who took them to Stalag Luft III. He stayed there until December 1944 and then marched to Nuremberg and Moosberg, Germany where he was liberated in early May 1945. Once Ivy was liberated he stayed in Reims, France and returned to the United States at the end of 1945. A few months later he was discharged and worked for Charles Scribner's book publishing company in advertising and public relations in New York. He met his future wife there and later worked at Universal Atlas Cement Company.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","The Edwin Ivy papers illustrate 2nd Lieutenant Ivy's service in the Army Air Corps in the 485th Heavy Bombardment Group, 831st Squadron, from 1942-1945 in Italy, France, and Austria where he was shot down and became a prisoner of war in Stalag Luft III. Ivy's oral history encompasses the majority of his collection and provides detail of his military training, time spent in the Army Air Corps, as a prisoner of war, and being discharged. His papers also include the first chapter of  Old Man in a Baseball Cap  by Fred Rochlin. 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Ivy and all his crew members safely parachuted out of the bailing aircraft and onto the soil. They surrendered to the Germans who took them to Stalag Luft III. He stayed there until December 1944 and then marched to Nuremberg and Moosberg, Germany where he was liberated in early May 1945. Once Ivy was liberated he stayed in Reims, France and returned to the United States at the end of 1945. A few months later he was discharged and worked for Charles Scribner's book publishing company in advertising and public relations in New York. He met his future wife there and later worked at Universal Atlas Cement Company."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Edwin Ivy Papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_00_0725\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_00_0725\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Edwin Ivy Papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_00_0725 ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Edwin Ivy papers illustrate 2nd Lieutenant Ivy's service in the Army Air Corps in the 485th Heavy Bombardment Group, 831st Squadron, from 1942-1945 in Italy, France, and Austria where he was shot down and became a prisoner of war in Stalag Luft III. Ivy's oral history encompasses the majority of his collection and provides detail of his military training, time spent in the Army Air Corps, as a prisoner of war, and being discharged. His papers also include the first chapter of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eOld Man in a Baseball Cap \u003c/emph\u003eby Fred Rochlin. The chapter describes the significance of remembering the past and passing down experiences to others.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Edwin Ivy papers illustrate 2nd Lieutenant Ivy's service in the Army Air Corps in the 485th Heavy Bombardment Group, 831st Squadron, from 1942-1945 in Italy, France, and Austria where he was shot down and became a prisoner of war in Stalag Luft III. Ivy's oral history encompasses the majority of his collection and provides detail of his military training, time spent in the Army Air Corps, as a prisoner of war, and being discharged. His papers also include the first chapter of  Old Man in a Baseball Cap  by Fred Rochlin. The chapter describes the significance of remembering the past and passing down experiences to others."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_coll_ssim":["Stalag Luft III","International Committee of the Red Cross. Central Agency for Prisoners of War"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Stalag Luft III","International Committee of the Red Cross. Central Agency for Prisoners of War","Ivy, Edwin, 1918-"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Stalag Luft III","International Committee of the Red Cross. Central Agency for Prisoners of War"],"persname_ssim":["Ivy, Edwin, 1918-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"fd587b31c24e83b44fd6f735","timestamp":"2026-04-21T11:44:56.762Z"}]}}],"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/fd587b31c24e83b44fd6f735"}},{"id":"d7cea633555b338447c1579b","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Elwood Harry Fredrickson papers, 1943-1952, Date acquired: 10/16/2007, bulk 1943-1945","creator":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/d7cea633555b338447c1579b#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["Fredrickson, Elwood Harry"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/d7cea633555b338447c1579b#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection pertains to First Lieutenant Elwood Harry Fredrickson who served as a bombardier in the 743rd Bomb Squadron, 455th Bomb Group. The collection contains flight records, textbooks and notes from flight school, assignments from flight school, various documents regarding Fredrickson's postings, personnel lists, volumes one and two of the \u003cem\u003e455th Bomb Group Journal\u003c/em\u003e, booklets on aviation and cadet life, various receipts, certificates and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/d7cea633555b338447c1579b#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"d7cea633555b338447c1579b","title_ssm":["Elwood Harry Fredrickson papers"],"title_tesim":["Elwood Harry Fredrickson papers"],"ead_ssi":"d7cea633555b338447c1579b","unitdate_ssm":["1943-1952","1943-1945","Date acquired: 10/16/2007"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1943-1945"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1943-1952"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 10/16/2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["07.0116","/repositories/10/resources/953"],"text":["07.0116","/repositories/10/resources/953","Elwood Harry Fredrickson papers, 1943-1952, Date acquired: 10/16/2007, bulk 1943-1945","Mojave Desert","Midland Army Air Field (Tex.)","Zion (Ill.)","Langley Field (Va.)","Camp Upton (N.Y.)","Fort Dix Army Air Base (N.J.)","World War, 1939-1945--Mediterranean Region","World War, 1939-1945","Bombardiers.","United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Group (H), 455th","Bombing, Aerial","B-24 (Bomber)","United States. Air Force. Air Force, 15th","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations, American","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Europe","This collection is open to all researchers.","Elwood Harry Fredrickson was born October 8, 1917, in Zion, Illinois, to Harry and Harriet Fredrickson. He attended Zion Preparatory College and received a diploma in 1935. He worked as a weaver at Liberty Lace and Knitting Works in New York City, New York. Fredrickson enlisted on February 21, 1942, and he was inducted at Camp Upton, New York. After completing basic training, he was assigned to the 5th Armored Division and served as a jeep driver. The 5th Armored Division trained in desert operations in the Mojave Desert.","On April 10, 1943, Fredrickson transferred to the Army Air Forces Bombardier School in Big Spring, Texas. He trained at the Bombardier School and at the Army Air Forces Gunnery School in Laredo, Texas. Fredrickson took theoretical courses on bombing, studied plane instruments, and received some medical training. He also trained in the air with practice bombs. He was honorably discharged from military service on December 3, 1943, at the Bombardier School. On December 4, 1943, Fredrickson was appointed as a flight officer.","He was transferred to Westover Field in Massachusetts on December 4, 1943. On January 4, 1944, Fredrickson was assigned to the 302nd Bombardment Group, 356th Squadron. He was then stationed at Chatham Field in Georgia through March 1944. In April he moved to Langley Field, Virginia. Fredrickson was a member of the 111th Army Air Forces Base Unit at Langley Field until May 21, 1944, when he was sent overseas.","Throughout June, Fredrickson served with the 454th Bombardment Group, 737th Bombardment Squadron. On July 1 he joined the 304th Bombardment Wing, Fifteenth Air Force, which was headquartered at Cerignola Airfield in Italy. He was assigned to the 455th Bombardment Group, 743rd Bombardment Squadron. While overseas he flew missions over various cities in Austria, Germany, France, Romania, Hungary, Yugoslavia, and Italy. He amassed 288 combat hours.","Fredrickson was temporarily appointed a second lieutenant on August 19, 1944. He received his first Oak Leaf Cluster on September 20. He was then promoted to first lieutenant on October 17. On October 18 he was awarded his second Oak Leaf Cluster, and he received his third cluster on December 27. By January 1, 1945, he had completed 35 combat missions, and Fredrickson returned to the United Sates on January 25.","On January 28, Fredrickson was assigned to the 1010th Army Air Force Base Unit in Atlantic City, New Jersey. In March he was stationed at the Midland Army Airfield where he completed a refresher course in bombing. He was then stationed at the Childress Army Airfield in Texas from May 17 to September. On September 21, 1945, Fredrickson left Childress and proceeded to the Separation Center at Fort Dix, New Jersey. He was relieved from active duty on October 13. He had flown a total of 690 hours.","After the war, he received a Bachelor of Science in Agriculture from Cornell University where he met his wife Dorothy Jane Marshman. Fredrickson passed away on June 3, 1998.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","Other collections held by the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience that are pertinent to this collection are the William Daniel Marshman collection (07.0115) and the Dorothy Marshman Fredrickson papers (07.0117).","This collection pertains to First Lieutenant Elwood Harry Fredrickson who served as a bombardier in the 743rd Bomb Squadron, 455th Bomb Group. The collection contains flight records, textbooks and notes from flight school, assignments from flight school, various documents regarding Fredrickson's postings, personnel lists, volumes one and two of the  455th Bomb Group Journal , booklets on aviation and cadet life, various receipts, certificates and photographs.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Army Air Forces Flexible Gunnery School (Laredo Army Air Field, Tex.)","United States. Army Air Forces","United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Squadron, 743rd","Army Air Forces Bombardier School (Big Spring Army Air Field, Tex.)","United States. Army. Armored Division, 5th","United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 15th","United States. Army. Infantry Regiment, 46th (1917-1942)","United States. Army--Campaigns--Mediterranean Region","Fredrickson, Elwood Harry","English"],"unitid_tesim":["07.0116","/repositories/10/resources/953"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1943-1952, Date acquired: 10/16/2007, bulk 1943-1945"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Elwood Harry Fredrickson papers, 1943-1952, Date acquired: 10/16/2007, bulk 1943-1945"],"collection_title_tesim":["Elwood Harry Fredrickson papers, 1943-1952, Date acquired: 10/16/2007, bulk 1943-1945"],"collection_ssim":["Elwood Harry Fredrickson papers, 1943-1952, Date acquired: 10/16/2007, bulk 1943-1945"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Mojave Desert","Midland Army Air Field (Tex.)","Zion (Ill.)","Langley Field (Va.)","Camp Upton (N.Y.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Mojave Desert","Midland Army Air Field (Tex.)","Zion (Ill.)","Langley Field (Va.)","Camp Upton (N.Y.)"],"creator_ssm":["Fredrickson, Elwood Harry"],"creator_ssim":["Fredrickson, Elwood Harry"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Fredrickson, Elwood Harry"],"creators_ssim":["Fredrickson, Elwood Harry"],"places_ssim":["Mojave Desert","Midland Army Air Field (Tex.)","Zion (Ill.)","Langley Field (Va.)","Camp Upton (N.Y.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["William Fredrickson","Donation."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Fort Dix Army Air Base (N.J.)","World War, 1939-1945--Mediterranean Region","World War, 1939-1945","Bombardiers.","United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Group (H), 455th","Bombing, Aerial","B-24 (Bomber)","United States. Air Force. Air Force, 15th","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations, American","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Europe"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Fort Dix Army Air Base (N.J.)","World War, 1939-1945--Mediterranean Region","World War, 1939-1945","Bombardiers.","United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Group (H), 455th","Bombing, Aerial","B-24 (Bomber)","United States. Air Force. Air Force, 15th","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations, American","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Europe"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.00 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.00 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eElwood Harry Fredrickson was born October 8, 1917, in Zion, Illinois, to Harry and Harriet Fredrickson. He attended Zion Preparatory College and received a diploma in 1935. He worked as a weaver at Liberty Lace and Knitting Works in New York City, New York. Fredrickson enlisted on February 21, 1942, and he was inducted at Camp Upton, New York. After completing basic training, he was assigned to the 5th Armored Division and served as a jeep driver. The 5th Armored Division trained in desert operations in the Mojave Desert.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOn April 10, 1943, Fredrickson transferred to the Army Air Forces Bombardier School in Big Spring, Texas. He trained at the Bombardier School and at the Army Air Forces Gunnery School in Laredo, Texas. Fredrickson took theoretical courses on bombing, studied plane instruments, and received some medical training. He also trained in the air with practice bombs. He was honorably discharged from military service on December 3, 1943, at the Bombardier School. On December 4, 1943, Fredrickson was appointed as a flight officer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHe was transferred to Westover Field in Massachusetts on December 4, 1943. On January 4, 1944, Fredrickson was assigned to the 302nd Bombardment Group, 356th Squadron. He was then stationed at Chatham Field in Georgia through March 1944. In April he moved to Langley Field, Virginia. Fredrickson was a member of the 111th Army Air Forces Base Unit at Langley Field until May 21, 1944, when he was sent overseas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThroughout June, Fredrickson served with the 454th Bombardment Group, 737th Bombardment Squadron. On July 1 he joined the 304th Bombardment Wing, Fifteenth Air Force, which was headquartered at Cerignola Airfield in Italy. He was assigned to the 455th Bombardment Group, 743rd Bombardment Squadron. While overseas he flew missions over various cities in Austria, Germany, France, Romania, Hungary, Yugoslavia, and Italy. He amassed 288 combat hours.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eFredrickson was temporarily appointed a second lieutenant on August 19, 1944. He received his first Oak Leaf Cluster on September 20. He was then promoted to first lieutenant on October 17. On October 18 he was awarded his second Oak Leaf Cluster, and he received his third cluster on December 27. By January 1, 1945, he had completed 35 combat missions, and Fredrickson returned to the United Sates on January 25.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOn January 28, Fredrickson was assigned to the 1010th Army Air Force Base Unit in Atlantic City, New Jersey. In March he was stationed at the Midland Army Airfield where he completed a refresher course in bombing. He was then stationed at the Childress Army Airfield in Texas from May 17 to September. On September 21, 1945, Fredrickson left Childress and proceeded to the Separation Center at Fort Dix, New Jersey. He was relieved from active duty on October 13. He had flown a total of 690 hours.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAfter the war, he received a Bachelor of Science in Agriculture from Cornell University where he met his wife Dorothy Jane Marshman. Fredrickson passed away on June 3, 1998.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Elwood Harry Fredrickson was born October 8, 1917, in Zion, Illinois, to Harry and Harriet Fredrickson. He attended Zion Preparatory College and received a diploma in 1935. He worked as a weaver at Liberty Lace and Knitting Works in New York City, New York. Fredrickson enlisted on February 21, 1942, and he was inducted at Camp Upton, New York. After completing basic training, he was assigned to the 5th Armored Division and served as a jeep driver. The 5th Armored Division trained in desert operations in the Mojave Desert.","On April 10, 1943, Fredrickson transferred to the Army Air Forces Bombardier School in Big Spring, Texas. He trained at the Bombardier School and at the Army Air Forces Gunnery School in Laredo, Texas. Fredrickson took theoretical courses on bombing, studied plane instruments, and received some medical training. He also trained in the air with practice bombs. He was honorably discharged from military service on December 3, 1943, at the Bombardier School. On December 4, 1943, Fredrickson was appointed as a flight officer.","He was transferred to Westover Field in Massachusetts on December 4, 1943. On January 4, 1944, Fredrickson was assigned to the 302nd Bombardment Group, 356th Squadron. He was then stationed at Chatham Field in Georgia through March 1944. In April he moved to Langley Field, Virginia. Fredrickson was a member of the 111th Army Air Forces Base Unit at Langley Field until May 21, 1944, when he was sent overseas.","Throughout June, Fredrickson served with the 454th Bombardment Group, 737th Bombardment Squadron. On July 1 he joined the 304th Bombardment Wing, Fifteenth Air Force, which was headquartered at Cerignola Airfield in Italy. He was assigned to the 455th Bombardment Group, 743rd Bombardment Squadron. While overseas he flew missions over various cities in Austria, Germany, France, Romania, Hungary, Yugoslavia, and Italy. He amassed 288 combat hours.","Fredrickson was temporarily appointed a second lieutenant on August 19, 1944. He received his first Oak Leaf Cluster on September 20. He was then promoted to first lieutenant on October 17. On October 18 he was awarded his second Oak Leaf Cluster, and he received his third cluster on December 27. By January 1, 1945, he had completed 35 combat missions, and Fredrickson returned to the United Sates on January 25.","On January 28, Fredrickson was assigned to the 1010th Army Air Force Base Unit in Atlantic City, New Jersey. In March he was stationed at the Midland Army Airfield where he completed a refresher course in bombing. He was then stationed at the Childress Army Airfield in Texas from May 17 to September. On September 21, 1945, Fredrickson left Childress and proceeded to the Separation Center at Fort Dix, New Jersey. He was relieved from active duty on October 13. He had flown a total of 690 hours.","After the war, he received a Bachelor of Science in Agriculture from Cornell University where he met his wife Dorothy Jane Marshman. Fredrickson passed away on June 3, 1998."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Elwood Harry Fredrick papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-07-0116\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Elwood Harry Fredrick papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-07-0116"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOther collections held by the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience that are pertinent to this collection are the William Daniel Marshman collection (07.0115) and the Dorothy Marshman Fredrickson papers (07.0117).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Other collections held by the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience that are pertinent to this collection are the William Daniel Marshman collection (07.0115) and the Dorothy Marshman Fredrickson papers (07.0117)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection pertains to First Lieutenant Elwood Harry Fredrickson who served as a bombardier in the 743rd Bomb Squadron, 455th Bomb Group. The collection contains flight records, textbooks and notes from flight school, assignments from flight school, various documents regarding Fredrickson's postings, personnel lists, volumes one and two of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e455th Bomb Group Journal\u003c/emph\u003e, booklets on aviation and cadet life, various receipts, certificates and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection pertains to First Lieutenant Elwood Harry Fredrickson who served as a bombardier in the 743rd Bomb Squadron, 455th Bomb Group. The collection contains flight records, textbooks and notes from flight school, assignments from flight school, various documents regarding Fredrickson's postings, personnel lists, volumes one and two of the  455th Bomb Group Journal , booklets on aviation and cadet life, various receipts, certificates and photographs."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_coll_ssim":["Army Air Forces Flexible Gunnery School (Laredo Army Air Field, Tex.)","United States. Army Air Forces","United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Squadron, 743rd","Army Air Forces Bombardier School (Big Spring Army Air Field, Tex.)","United States. Army. Armored Division, 5th","United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 15th","United States. Army. Infantry Regiment, 46th (1917-1942)","United States. Army--Campaigns--Mediterranean Region"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Army Air Forces Flexible Gunnery School (Laredo Army Air Field, Tex.)","United States. Army Air Forces","United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Squadron, 743rd","Army Air Forces Bombardier School (Big Spring Army Air Field, Tex.)","United States. Army. Armored Division, 5th","United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 15th","United States. Army. Infantry Regiment, 46th (1917-1942)","United States. Army--Campaigns--Mediterranean Region","Fredrickson, Elwood Harry"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Army Air Forces Flexible Gunnery School (Laredo Army Air Field, Tex.)","United States. 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Army--Campaigns--Mediterranean Region"],"persname_ssim":["Fredrickson, Elwood Harry"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":32,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"d7cea633555b338447c1579b","timestamp":"2026-07-10T09:34:42.366Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"d7cea633555b338447c1579b","title_ssm":["Elwood Harry Fredrickson papers"],"title_tesim":["Elwood Harry Fredrickson papers"],"ead_ssi":"d7cea633555b338447c1579b","unitdate_ssm":["1943-1952","1943-1945","Date acquired: 10/16/2007"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1943-1945"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1943-1952"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 10/16/2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["07.0116","/repositories/10/resources/953"],"text":["07.0116","/repositories/10/resources/953","Elwood Harry Fredrickson papers, 1943-1952, Date acquired: 10/16/2007, bulk 1943-1945","Mojave Desert","Midland Army Air Field (Tex.)","Zion (Ill.)","Langley Field (Va.)","Camp Upton (N.Y.)","Fort Dix Army Air Base (N.J.)","World War, 1939-1945--Mediterranean Region","World War, 1939-1945","Bombardiers.","United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Group (H), 455th","Bombing, Aerial","B-24 (Bomber)","United States. Air Force. Air Force, 15th","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations, American","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Europe","This collection is open to all researchers.","Elwood Harry Fredrickson was born October 8, 1917, in Zion, Illinois, to Harry and Harriet Fredrickson. He attended Zion Preparatory College and received a diploma in 1935. He worked as a weaver at Liberty Lace and Knitting Works in New York City, New York. Fredrickson enlisted on February 21, 1942, and he was inducted at Camp Upton, New York. After completing basic training, he was assigned to the 5th Armored Division and served as a jeep driver. The 5th Armored Division trained in desert operations in the Mojave Desert.","On April 10, 1943, Fredrickson transferred to the Army Air Forces Bombardier School in Big Spring, Texas. He trained at the Bombardier School and at the Army Air Forces Gunnery School in Laredo, Texas. Fredrickson took theoretical courses on bombing, studied plane instruments, and received some medical training. He also trained in the air with practice bombs. He was honorably discharged from military service on December 3, 1943, at the Bombardier School. On December 4, 1943, Fredrickson was appointed as a flight officer.","He was transferred to Westover Field in Massachusetts on December 4, 1943. On January 4, 1944, Fredrickson was assigned to the 302nd Bombardment Group, 356th Squadron. He was then stationed at Chatham Field in Georgia through March 1944. In April he moved to Langley Field, Virginia. Fredrickson was a member of the 111th Army Air Forces Base Unit at Langley Field until May 21, 1944, when he was sent overseas.","Throughout June, Fredrickson served with the 454th Bombardment Group, 737th Bombardment Squadron. On July 1 he joined the 304th Bombardment Wing, Fifteenth Air Force, which was headquartered at Cerignola Airfield in Italy. He was assigned to the 455th Bombardment Group, 743rd Bombardment Squadron. While overseas he flew missions over various cities in Austria, Germany, France, Romania, Hungary, Yugoslavia, and Italy. He amassed 288 combat hours.","Fredrickson was temporarily appointed a second lieutenant on August 19, 1944. He received his first Oak Leaf Cluster on September 20. He was then promoted to first lieutenant on October 17. On October 18 he was awarded his second Oak Leaf Cluster, and he received his third cluster on December 27. By January 1, 1945, he had completed 35 combat missions, and Fredrickson returned to the United Sates on January 25.","On January 28, Fredrickson was assigned to the 1010th Army Air Force Base Unit in Atlantic City, New Jersey. In March he was stationed at the Midland Army Airfield where he completed a refresher course in bombing. He was then stationed at the Childress Army Airfield in Texas from May 17 to September. On September 21, 1945, Fredrickson left Childress and proceeded to the Separation Center at Fort Dix, New Jersey. He was relieved from active duty on October 13. He had flown a total of 690 hours.","After the war, he received a Bachelor of Science in Agriculture from Cornell University where he met his wife Dorothy Jane Marshman. Fredrickson passed away on June 3, 1998.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","Other collections held by the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience that are pertinent to this collection are the William Daniel Marshman collection (07.0115) and the Dorothy Marshman Fredrickson papers (07.0117).","This collection pertains to First Lieutenant Elwood Harry Fredrickson who served as a bombardier in the 743rd Bomb Squadron, 455th Bomb Group. The collection contains flight records, textbooks and notes from flight school, assignments from flight school, various documents regarding Fredrickson's postings, personnel lists, volumes one and two of the  455th Bomb Group Journal , booklets on aviation and cadet life, various receipts, certificates and photographs.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Army Air Forces Flexible Gunnery School (Laredo Army Air Field, Tex.)","United States. Army Air Forces","United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Squadron, 743rd","Army Air Forces Bombardier School (Big Spring Army Air Field, Tex.)","United States. Army. Armored Division, 5th","United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 15th","United States. Army. Infantry Regiment, 46th (1917-1942)","United States. Army--Campaigns--Mediterranean Region","Fredrickson, Elwood Harry","English"],"unitid_tesim":["07.0116","/repositories/10/resources/953"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1943-1952, Date acquired: 10/16/2007, bulk 1943-1945"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Elwood Harry Fredrickson papers, 1943-1952, Date acquired: 10/16/2007, bulk 1943-1945"],"collection_title_tesim":["Elwood Harry Fredrickson papers, 1943-1952, Date acquired: 10/16/2007, bulk 1943-1945"],"collection_ssim":["Elwood Harry Fredrickson papers, 1943-1952, Date acquired: 10/16/2007, bulk 1943-1945"],"repository_ssm":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"repository_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Mojave Desert","Midland Army Air Field (Tex.)","Zion (Ill.)","Langley Field (Va.)","Camp Upton (N.Y.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Mojave Desert","Midland Army Air Field (Tex.)","Zion (Ill.)","Langley Field (Va.)","Camp Upton (N.Y.)"],"creator_ssm":["Fredrickson, Elwood Harry"],"creator_ssim":["Fredrickson, Elwood Harry"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Fredrickson, Elwood Harry"],"creators_ssim":["Fredrickson, Elwood Harry"],"places_ssim":["Mojave Desert","Midland Army Air Field (Tex.)","Zion (Ill.)","Langley Field (Va.)","Camp Upton (N.Y.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"acqinfo_ssim":["William Fredrickson","Donation."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Fort Dix Army Air Base (N.J.)","World War, 1939-1945--Mediterranean Region","World War, 1939-1945","Bombardiers.","United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Group (H), 455th","Bombing, Aerial","B-24 (Bomber)","United States. Air Force. Air Force, 15th","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations, American","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Europe"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Fort Dix Army Air Base (N.J.)","World War, 1939-1945--Mediterranean Region","World War, 1939-1945","Bombardiers.","United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Group (H), 455th","Bombing, Aerial","B-24 (Bomber)","United States. Air Force. Air Force, 15th","World War, 1939-1945--Aerial operations, American","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Europe"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.00 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.00 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eElwood Harry Fredrickson was born October 8, 1917, in Zion, Illinois, to Harry and Harriet Fredrickson. He attended Zion Preparatory College and received a diploma in 1935. He worked as a weaver at Liberty Lace and Knitting Works in New York City, New York. Fredrickson enlisted on February 21, 1942, and he was inducted at Camp Upton, New York. After completing basic training, he was assigned to the 5th Armored Division and served as a jeep driver. The 5th Armored Division trained in desert operations in the Mojave Desert.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOn April 10, 1943, Fredrickson transferred to the Army Air Forces Bombardier School in Big Spring, Texas. He trained at the Bombardier School and at the Army Air Forces Gunnery School in Laredo, Texas. Fredrickson took theoretical courses on bombing, studied plane instruments, and received some medical training. He also trained in the air with practice bombs. He was honorably discharged from military service on December 3, 1943, at the Bombardier School. On December 4, 1943, Fredrickson was appointed as a flight officer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHe was transferred to Westover Field in Massachusetts on December 4, 1943. On January 4, 1944, Fredrickson was assigned to the 302nd Bombardment Group, 356th Squadron. He was then stationed at Chatham Field in Georgia through March 1944. In April he moved to Langley Field, Virginia. Fredrickson was a member of the 111th Army Air Forces Base Unit at Langley Field until May 21, 1944, when he was sent overseas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThroughout June, Fredrickson served with the 454th Bombardment Group, 737th Bombardment Squadron. On July 1 he joined the 304th Bombardment Wing, Fifteenth Air Force, which was headquartered at Cerignola Airfield in Italy. He was assigned to the 455th Bombardment Group, 743rd Bombardment Squadron. While overseas he flew missions over various cities in Austria, Germany, France, Romania, Hungary, Yugoslavia, and Italy. He amassed 288 combat hours.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eFredrickson was temporarily appointed a second lieutenant on August 19, 1944. He received his first Oak Leaf Cluster on September 20. He was then promoted to first lieutenant on October 17. On October 18 he was awarded his second Oak Leaf Cluster, and he received his third cluster on December 27. By January 1, 1945, he had completed 35 combat missions, and Fredrickson returned to the United Sates on January 25.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOn January 28, Fredrickson was assigned to the 1010th Army Air Force Base Unit in Atlantic City, New Jersey. In March he was stationed at the Midland Army Airfield where he completed a refresher course in bombing. He was then stationed at the Childress Army Airfield in Texas from May 17 to September. On September 21, 1945, Fredrickson left Childress and proceeded to the Separation Center at Fort Dix, New Jersey. He was relieved from active duty on October 13. He had flown a total of 690 hours.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAfter the war, he received a Bachelor of Science in Agriculture from Cornell University where he met his wife Dorothy Jane Marshman. Fredrickson passed away on June 3, 1998.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Elwood Harry Fredrickson was born October 8, 1917, in Zion, Illinois, to Harry and Harriet Fredrickson. He attended Zion Preparatory College and received a diploma in 1935. He worked as a weaver at Liberty Lace and Knitting Works in New York City, New York. Fredrickson enlisted on February 21, 1942, and he was inducted at Camp Upton, New York. After completing basic training, he was assigned to the 5th Armored Division and served as a jeep driver. The 5th Armored Division trained in desert operations in the Mojave Desert.","On April 10, 1943, Fredrickson transferred to the Army Air Forces Bombardier School in Big Spring, Texas. He trained at the Bombardier School and at the Army Air Forces Gunnery School in Laredo, Texas. Fredrickson took theoretical courses on bombing, studied plane instruments, and received some medical training. He also trained in the air with practice bombs. He was honorably discharged from military service on December 3, 1943, at the Bombardier School. On December 4, 1943, Fredrickson was appointed as a flight officer.","He was transferred to Westover Field in Massachusetts on December 4, 1943. On January 4, 1944, Fredrickson was assigned to the 302nd Bombardment Group, 356th Squadron. He was then stationed at Chatham Field in Georgia through March 1944. In April he moved to Langley Field, Virginia. Fredrickson was a member of the 111th Army Air Forces Base Unit at Langley Field until May 21, 1944, when he was sent overseas.","Throughout June, Fredrickson served with the 454th Bombardment Group, 737th Bombardment Squadron. On July 1 he joined the 304th Bombardment Wing, Fifteenth Air Force, which was headquartered at Cerignola Airfield in Italy. He was assigned to the 455th Bombardment Group, 743rd Bombardment Squadron. While overseas he flew missions over various cities in Austria, Germany, France, Romania, Hungary, Yugoslavia, and Italy. He amassed 288 combat hours.","Fredrickson was temporarily appointed a second lieutenant on August 19, 1944. He received his first Oak Leaf Cluster on September 20. He was then promoted to first lieutenant on October 17. On October 18 he was awarded his second Oak Leaf Cluster, and he received his third cluster on December 27. By January 1, 1945, he had completed 35 combat missions, and Fredrickson returned to the United Sates on January 25.","On January 28, Fredrickson was assigned to the 1010th Army Air Force Base Unit in Atlantic City, New Jersey. In March he was stationed at the Midland Army Airfield where he completed a refresher course in bombing. He was then stationed at the Childress Army Airfield in Texas from May 17 to September. On September 21, 1945, Fredrickson left Childress and proceeded to the Separation Center at Fort Dix, New Jersey. He was relieved from active duty on October 13. He had flown a total of 690 hours.","After the war, he received a Bachelor of Science in Agriculture from Cornell University where he met his wife Dorothy Jane Marshman. Fredrickson passed away on June 3, 1998."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Elwood Harry Fredrick papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-07-0116\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Elwood Harry Fredrick papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. https://purl.lib.fsu.edu/fa/02-07-0116"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOther collections held by the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience that are pertinent to this collection are the William Daniel Marshman collection (07.0115) and the Dorothy Marshman Fredrickson papers (07.0117).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Other collections held by the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience that are pertinent to this collection are the William Daniel Marshman collection (07.0115) and the Dorothy Marshman Fredrickson papers (07.0117)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection pertains to First Lieutenant Elwood Harry Fredrickson who served as a bombardier in the 743rd Bomb Squadron, 455th Bomb Group. The collection contains flight records, textbooks and notes from flight school, assignments from flight school, various documents regarding Fredrickson's postings, personnel lists, volumes one and two of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e455th Bomb Group Journal\u003c/emph\u003e, booklets on aviation and cadet life, various receipts, certificates and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection pertains to First Lieutenant Elwood Harry Fredrickson who served as a bombardier in the 743rd Bomb Squadron, 455th Bomb Group. The collection contains flight records, textbooks and notes from flight school, assignments from flight school, various documents regarding Fredrickson's postings, personnel lists, volumes one and two of the  455th Bomb Group Journal , booklets on aviation and cadet life, various receipts, certificates and photographs."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_coll_ssim":["Army Air Forces Flexible Gunnery School (Laredo Army Air Field, Tex.)","United States. Army Air Forces","United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Squadron, 743rd","Army Air Forces Bombardier School (Big Spring Army Air Field, Tex.)","United States. Army. Armored Division, 5th","United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 15th","United States. Army. Infantry Regiment, 46th (1917-1942)","United States. Army--Campaigns--Mediterranean Region"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Army Air Forces Flexible Gunnery School (Laredo Army Air Field, Tex.)","United States. Army Air Forces","United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Squadron, 743rd","Army Air Forces Bombardier School (Big Spring Army Air Field, Tex.)","United States. Army. Armored Division, 5th","United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 15th","United States. Army. Infantry Regiment, 46th (1917-1942)","United States. Army--Campaigns--Mediterranean Region","Fredrickson, Elwood Harry"],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Army Air Forces Flexible Gunnery School (Laredo Army Air Field, Tex.)","United States. 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Walker was forced to bail out very near the target on his eighteenth mission as a bombardier and gunner on a B-24. He discusses his rescue from the water, his interrogation experience and the conditions of his internment. He also talks about the many different escape attempts made by the American POWs at Stalag Luft III.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/197de6b9581823ca79ae4765#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"197de6b9581823ca79ae4765","title_ssm":["Everett Walker papers"],"title_tesim":["Everett Walker papers"],"ead_ssi":"197de6b9581823ca79ae4765","unitdate_ssm":["1943-1973","1944","Date acquired: 07/01/2004"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1944"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1943-1973"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 07/01/2004"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["04.0206","/repositories/10/resources/998"],"text":["04.0206","/repositories/10/resources/998","Everett Walker papers, 1943-1973, Date acquired: 07/01/2004, bulk 1944","United States. Army Air Forces--Military life","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1939-1945--Germany","World War, 1939-1945--Prisoners and prisons, American","World War, 1939-1945--United States","Boise (Idaho)","Prisoners of war","Prisoners of war--Europe--Interviews","B-24 (Bomber)","United States--Army Air Forces--Aerial operations","United States--Army Air Forces--Aerial operations--Personal narratives","This collection is open to all researchers.","Lieutenant Colonel Everett Walker (Air Force, 1943-1973) trained as a bombardier and gunner on a B-24. Walker completed crew training in Boise, Idaho before heading to England in late April of 1944. He was Incarcerated by the Germans during the war and sent to Stalag Luft III. Walker served thirty years in the Air Force before retiring.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection contains the oral history interview of Lieutenant Colonel Everett Walker conducted by the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience. Walker was forced to bail out very near the target on his eighteenth mission as a bombardier and gunner on a B-24. He discusses his rescue from the water, his interrogation experience and the conditions of his internment. He also talks about the many different escape attempts made by the American POWs at Stalag Luft III.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. 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Walker served thirty years in the Air Force before retiring."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Everett Walker papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_04_0206\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_04_0206\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Everett Walker papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_04_0206 ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the oral history interview of Lieutenant Colonel Everett Walker conducted by the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience. 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He also talks about the many different escape attempts made by the American POWs at Stalag Luft III."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. 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He worked first as a crew member and eventually as a pilot for a B-29 bomber plane. He was a part of the 15th Air Force, 449th Bombardment Group. He spent some of his service in China, but saw most of his action in the European Theater. He was captured and placed in a POW camp in December of 1943 after he and some crew members parachuted from a shot down B-17. He was placed in Stalag Luft III in Southeast Germany (now Poland). The camp was liberated by American and Allied forces in June of 1945. He was a POW for over a year. His service ended January 14, 1947 and he passed away on March 18, 1972 in Manhasset, New York. He is buried in Long Island National Cemetery in Farmingdale, New York.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Herman J. Simler was born in Passaic, New Jersey on April 8, 1918. He began his service in the Army Air Force on August 30, 1943. 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He is buried in Long Island National Cemetery in Farmingdale, New York."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Herman J. Simler papers, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0104\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0104\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], Herman J. Simler papers, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_98_0104 ."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEntered on 06/28/17.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Entered on 06/28/17."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes photographs and documents pertaining to aerial operations over Europe during World War II. Lt. Herman Simler flew over 30 bombing missions over Europe during his service. The squadrons specified in this collection are the 8th Army Air Force, the 15th Army Air Force, and the 716th-719th bomber squadrons.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes photographs and documents pertaining to aerial operations over Europe during World War II. Lt. Herman Simler flew over 30 bombing missions over Europe during his service. The squadrons specified in this collection are the 8th Army Air Force, the 15th Army Air Force, and the 716th-719th bomber squadrons."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. 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Henning who served in the Eighth Air Force, Second Air Division, 14th Combat Wing, 392nd Heavy Bombardment Group, 578th Squadron at Station #18 at Wendling, England during World War II. The collection contains privately published statistics for the 392nd Heavy Bombardment Group.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/8f05a1d5f94343a71a3d3b7b#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"8f05a1d5f94343a71a3d3b7b","title_ssm":["John C. Henning manuscript"],"title_tesim":["John C. 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Henning who served in the Eighth Air Force, Second Air Division, 14th Combat Wing, 392nd Heavy Bombardment Group, 578th Squadron at Station #18 at Wendling, England during World War II. The collection contains privately published statistics for the 392nd Heavy Bombardment Group.","The collection contains basic statistics for the 392nd Heavy Bombardment Group, diagrams of take-off patterns, a diagram of flight formations, a list of crew with their basic backgrounds and a description of their adjustment to each other, a list of missions followed by details of each into Germany from England [Ingolstadt, Pforzheim, Swinemunde, Gutersloh, Zossen (General Staff HQ near Berlin), Berlin, Hesepe, Schwabish Hall, Wesel (supply drop vs. bombing), Hitzacker, Brunswick, Halle, Bayreuth, Regensburg, Royan- napalm problems (fumes in the plane)], and a newspaper article about a firebomb. There were missions to Bernau, Salzburg, and Hallein, Austria. 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Kulturdezernat","Dabendorf (Zossen, Brandenburg, Germany)","Pfarrgemeinde St. Martini (Wesel, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany)","Hitzacker (Germany)","Luisium (Dessau, Halle, Germany)","Regensburg (Germany)--History--Bombardment, 1943","Halleiner Zigarrenfabrik (Hallein, Austria)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["United States. Army Air Forces--Military life","B-24 (Bomber)","World War, 1939-1945--Great Britain","World War, 1939-1945--Germany","United States. Army Air Forces. Bombardment Group (H), 392nd","Bombardment--Germany","Bombing, Aerial--Germany--Kassel--History","Hiroshima-shi (Japan)--History--Bombardment, 1945","World War, 1939-1945--Austria","Ingolstadt (Germany)","Gütersloh (Germany). Kulturdezernat","Dabendorf (Zossen, Brandenburg, Germany)","Pfarrgemeinde St. Martini (Wesel, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany)","Hitzacker (Germany)","Luisium (Dessau, Halle, Germany)","Regensburg (Germany)--History--Bombardment, 1943","Halleiner Zigarrenfabrik (Hallein, Austria)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.00 folders"],"extent_tesim":["1.00 folders"],"date_range_isim":[1942,1943,1944,1945],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCreator\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["Creator"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn C. Henning served in the European Theater (ETO) as a First Lieutenant on a B-24 Liberator. Henning enlisted at Wright-Patterson Field on December 3, 1942.\u0026#xA0; He served in the European Theater and was discharged on October 8, 1945.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["John C. Henning served in the European Theater (ETO) as a First Lieutenant on a B-24 Liberator. Henning enlisted at Wright-Patterson Field on December 3, 1942.  He served in the European Theater and was discharged on October 8, 1945."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], John C. Henning manuscript, Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida. \u003cextref href=\"http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_99_0403\"\u003ehttp://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_99_0403\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], John C. Henning manuscript, Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida.  http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/WWII_99_0403 ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection relates to John C. Henning who served in the Eighth Air Force, Second Air Division, 14th Combat Wing, 392nd Heavy Bombardment Group, 578th Squadron at Station #18 at Wendling, England during World War II. The collection contains privately published statistics for the 392nd Heavy Bombardment Group.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains basic statistics for the 392nd Heavy Bombardment Group, diagrams of take-off patterns, a diagram of flight formations, a list of crew with their basic backgrounds and a description of their adjustment to each other, a list of missions followed by details of each into Germany from England [Ingolstadt, Pforzheim, Swinemunde, Gutersloh, Zossen (General Staff HQ near Berlin), Berlin, Hesepe, Schwabish Hall, Wesel (supply drop vs. bombing), Hitzacker, Brunswick, Halle, Bayreuth, Regensburg, Royan- napalm problems (fumes in the plane)], and a newspaper article about a firebomb. There were missions to Bernau, Salzburg, and Hallein, Austria. The collection details the reaction to the end of the European war and information about shipping dates (flying back on an A/C #493-CB and the order of fly orders home). It also tells about how they were reassigned to US bases until after the bombing of Hiroshima. There are photocopied pictures throughout.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection relates to John C. Henning who served in the Eighth Air Force, Second Air Division, 14th Combat Wing, 392nd Heavy Bombardment Group, 578th Squadron at Station #18 at Wendling, England during World War II. The collection contains privately published statistics for the 392nd Heavy Bombardment Group.","The collection contains basic statistics for the 392nd Heavy Bombardment Group, diagrams of take-off patterns, a diagram of flight formations, a list of crew with their basic backgrounds and a description of their adjustment to each other, a list of missions followed by details of each into Germany from England [Ingolstadt, Pforzheim, Swinemunde, Gutersloh, Zossen (General Staff HQ near Berlin), Berlin, Hesepe, Schwabish Hall, Wesel (supply drop vs. bombing), Hitzacker, Brunswick, Halle, Bayreuth, Regensburg, Royan- napalm problems (fumes in the plane)], and a newspaper article about a firebomb. There were missions to Bernau, Salzburg, and Hallein, Austria. The collection details the reaction to the end of the European war and information about shipping dates (flying back on an A/C #493-CB and the order of fly orders home). It also tells about how they were reassigned to US bases until after the bombing of Hiroshima. There are photocopied pictures throughout."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Army. European Theater of Operations","United States. Army Air Forces","Neues Schloss (Bayreuth, Germany)"],"names_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army. European Theater of Operations","United States. Army Air Forces","Neues Schloss (Bayreuth, Germany)","Henning, John C."],"corpname_ssim":["FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","United States. Army. European Theater of Operations","United States. 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Phillip, 1920-2000"],"label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/62b51be3ac6aa4c7cf2ddb89#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of photocopies of personnel records, official orders, and photographs related to the service of John E. Phillip Picket with the 13th Air Force, a tail gunner serving aboard a B-24 with the 307th Bomb Group of the 13th Army Air Force during World War II. There are official records documenting the number of missions Pickett and his crew undertook. Copies of a number of publications, including a history of the 13th Air Force in the Pacific, as well as summaries of each bombing mission that Pickett and his crew undertook in 1945, and several postwar reminiscences are included in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://flvc.lyrasistechnology.org/catalog/62b51be3ac6aa4c7cf2ddb89#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":[{"id":"62b51be3ac6aa4c7cf2ddb89","title_filing_ssi":"Pickett, John E. Phillip  collection","title_ssm":["John E. Phillip Pickett collection"],"title_tesim":["John E. Phillip Pickett collection"],"ead_ssi":"62b51be3ac6aa4c7cf2ddb89","unitdate_ssm":["1942-1999","Date accessioned: 2001-06-07"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1942-1999"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date accessioned: 2001-06-07"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["01.0201","/repositories/10/resources/1800"],"text":["01.0201","/repositories/10/resources/1800","John E. Phillip Pickett collection, 1942-1999, Date accessioned: 2001-06-07","Rabaul (Papua New Guinea)","Saigon (Vietnam)","Borneo.","Morotai Island (Indonesia)","\tBismarck Archipelago (Papua New Guinea)","Durham (N.C.)","Seymour Johnson Field (N. Carolina)","Airplanes, Military--Decoration.","boxing","Brookley (Mobile, Ala.)","Lowry Air Force Base (Colo.)","Chickasha (Okla.)","Mobile (Ala.)","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--New Guinea","B-24 (Bomber)","World War, 1939-1945 -- Photography","Medicine, Military","United States. Army Air Forces. 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At Brookley, Picket photographed a boxing match between two African American fighters, possibly GIs.  Pickett attended Harlingen Aerial Gunnery School from June 1944 – September 5, 1944.  ","Pickett was assigned to serve as gunner and radio for a B-24 with the 371st Bomb Squadron of the 307th Bomb Group of the 13th Air Force.   Pickett's crew took part in bombing missions against Balikpapan, Rabaul, Saigon, and other targets in the Southwest Pacific in 1945.  Pickett was discharged from Army Air Force on November 10, 1945 at Seymour Johnson Field, North Carolina.  Pickett enlisted in the U.S. Air Force Reserve on May 20, 1947 and was discharged on May 19, 1950.  Pickett attended reunions with his crew in the 1990s. 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He attended preflight training at Kelly Field, San Antonio, Texas followed by primary flight school at Chickasha, Oklahoma with the 316th Army Air Forces Force Training Detachment.  He did not advance further in pilot training and was reassigned to the aerial photography school at Lowry Field, Denver, Colorado from March 1943-June 1943. After completing photography school,  Pickett was deployed to the 68th Air Depot Group based in Brookley Field in Mobile, Alabama.  At Brookley, Picket photographed a boxing match between two African American fighters, possibly GIs.  Pickett attended Harlingen Aerial Gunnery School from June 1944 – September 5, 1944.  ","Pickett was assigned to serve as gunner and radio for a B-24 with the 371st Bomb Squadron of the 307th Bomb Group of the 13th Air Force.   Pickett's crew took part in bombing missions against Balikpapan, Rabaul, Saigon, and other targets in the Southwest Pacific in 1945.  Pickett was discharged from Army Air Force on November 10, 1945 at Seymour Johnson Field, North Carolina.  Pickett enlisted in the U.S. Air Force Reserve on May 20, 1947 and was discharged on May 19, 1950.  Pickett attended reunions with his crew in the 1990s. ","Pickett died on January 31, 2000 and is buried in the Maplewood Cemetery in Durham, North Carolina."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], John E. 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Phillip Pickett collection, 1942-1999, Date accessioned: 2001-06-07","Rabaul (Papua New Guinea)","Saigon (Vietnam)","Borneo.","Morotai Island (Indonesia)","\tBismarck Archipelago (Papua New Guinea)","Durham (N.C.)","Seymour Johnson Field (N. Carolina)","Airplanes, Military--Decoration.","boxing","Brookley (Mobile, Ala.)","Lowry Air Force Base (Colo.)","Chickasha (Okla.)","Mobile (Ala.)","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--New Guinea","B-24 (Bomber)","World War, 1939-1945 -- Photography","Medicine, Military","United States. Army Air Forces. Medals, badges, decorations, etc","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Pacific Area","World War, 1939-1945--Campaigns--Philippines","Kelly Field (Tex.)","World War, 1939-1945--African Americans","World War, 1939-1945--Veterans","Bombing, Aerial","This collection is open to the public.","John E. Phillip Pickett was born on June 20,1920 in Durham, North Carolina. Prior to joining the Army Air Force on June 20, 1942, Pickett was employed by the Department of Pathology at the Duke University School of Medicine.   He attended preflight training at Kelly Field, San Antonio, Texas followed by primary flight school at Chickasha, Oklahoma with the 316th Army Air Forces Force Training Detachment.  He did not advance further in pilot training and was reassigned to the aerial photography school at Lowry Field, Denver, Colorado from March 1943-June 1943. After completing photography school,  Pickett was deployed to the 68th Air Depot Group based in Brookley Field in Mobile, Alabama.  At Brookley, Picket photographed a boxing match between two African American fighters, possibly GIs.  Pickett attended Harlingen Aerial Gunnery School from June 1944 – September 5, 1944.  ","Pickett was assigned to serve as gunner and radio for a B-24 with the 371st Bomb Squadron of the 307th Bomb Group of the 13th Air Force.   Pickett's crew took part in bombing missions against Balikpapan, Rabaul, Saigon, and other targets in the Southwest Pacific in 1945.  Pickett was discharged from Army Air Force on November 10, 1945 at Seymour Johnson Field, North Carolina.  Pickett enlisted in the U.S. Air Force Reserve on May 20, 1947 and was discharged on May 19, 1950.  Pickett attended reunions with his crew in the 1990s. ","Pickett died on January 31, 2000 and is buried in the Maplewood Cemetery in Durham, North Carolina.","Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022.","This collection consists of photocopies of personnel records, official orders, and photographs related to the service of John E. Phillip Picket with the 13th Air Force, a tail gunner serving aboard a B-24 with the 307th Bomb Group of the 13th Army Air Force during World War II. There are official records documenting the number of missions Pickett and his crew undertook.  Copies of a number of publications, including a history of the 13th Air Force in the Pacific, as well as summaries of each bombing mission that Pickett and his crew undertook in 1945, and several postwar reminiscences are included in the collection.","All requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the Florida State University Libraries as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher.","FSU Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Pickett, John E. 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Pickett's crew took part in bombing missions against Balikpapan, Rabaul, Saigon, and other targets in the Southwest Pacific in 1945.  Pickett was discharged from Army Air Force on November 10, 1945 at Seymour Johnson Field, North Carolina.  Pickett enlisted in the U.S. Air Force Reserve on May 20, 1947 and was discharged on May 19, 1950.  Pickett attended reunions with his crew in the 1990s. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePickett died on January 31, 2000 and is buried in the Maplewood Cemetery in Durham, North Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["John E. Phillip Pickett was born on June 20,1920 in Durham, North Carolina. Prior to joining the Army Air Force on June 20, 1942, Pickett was employed by the Department of Pathology at the Duke University School of Medicine.   He attended preflight training at Kelly Field, San Antonio, Texas followed by primary flight school at Chickasha, Oklahoma with the 316th Army Air Forces Force Training Detachment.  He did not advance further in pilot training and was reassigned to the aerial photography school at Lowry Field, Denver, Colorado from March 1943-June 1943. After completing photography school,  Pickett was deployed to the 68th Air Depot Group based in Brookley Field in Mobile, Alabama.  At Brookley, Picket photographed a boxing match between two African American fighters, possibly GIs.  Pickett attended Harlingen Aerial Gunnery School from June 1944 – September 5, 1944.  ","Pickett was assigned to serve as gunner and radio for a B-24 with the 371st Bomb Squadron of the 307th Bomb Group of the 13th Air Force.   Pickett's crew took part in bombing missions against Balikpapan, Rabaul, Saigon, and other targets in the Southwest Pacific in 1945.  Pickett was discharged from Army Air Force on November 10, 1945 at Seymour Johnson Field, North Carolina.  Pickett enlisted in the U.S. Air Force Reserve on May 20, 1947 and was discharged on May 19, 1950.  Pickett attended reunions with his crew in the 1990s. ","Pickett died on January 31, 2000 and is buried in the Maplewood Cemetery in Durham, North Carolina."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives in July 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Transferred from the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience to FSU Libraries Special Collections \u0026 Archives in July 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Title of Item], [Date of Item], [Box and Folder number], John E. 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Copies of a number of publications, including a history of the 13th Air Force in the Pacific, as well as summaries of each bombing mission that Pickett and his crew undertook in 1945, and several postwar reminiscences are included in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of photocopies of personnel records, official orders, and photographs related to the service of John E. Phillip Picket with the 13th Air Force, a tail gunner serving aboard a B-24 with the 307th Bomb Group of the 13th Army Air Force during World War II. There are official records documenting the number of missions Pickett and his crew undertook.  Copies of a number of publications, including a history of the 13th Air Force in the Pacific, as well as summaries of each bombing mission that Pickett and his crew undertook in 1945, and several postwar reminiscences are included in the collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll requests for permission to quote, publish, broadcast or otherwise reproduce from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Associate Dean for Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. 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